Math I

Coursework # 1
Sections:
1.1 Operations in Fractions and decimals
1.2 Conversions of fraction to decimal and vice versa
1.3 Percentage and common math shortcuts
1.4 Operations in Polynomials

1.1 Operations in Fractions and decimals

A. Fractions

a c ad +cb 2 3 ( 2 ) 3+ ( 3 ) 5 21 7
+ =
+ =
= =
b d
bd
5 3
15
15 5
a c ad cb 1 1 ( 1 ) 4( 1 ) 3 1
=
=
=
b d
bd
3 4
12
12

a c ac 4 2 8
= =
b d bd 7 3 21
a c a d 3 2 3 3 9
= = =
b d b c 7 3 7 2 14
b
b
1
1
a+ =a 4+ =4
c
c
5
5
B. Decimals
Addition and Subtraction
Align the decimal places then add or subtract
Add
3.24
1.26
4.50

or Subtract
4.80
2.65
2.15

Multiplication
Case 1: Multiplying non zeros
Count the number of decimal places
2.34 x 0.136 = 0.31824 (5 decimal places)
35.6 x 3.2 = 113.92 (2 decimal places)

Case 2: Multiplying with zeros

Move decimal places to the right
1. 65.68 x 100 = 6,568
2. 25.318 x 10 = 253.18
Move decimal places to the left
1. 65.68 x 0.01= 0.6568
2. 25.318 x 0.1 = 2.5318
3. 1689 x 0.001 = 1.689
Division
Case 1: Dividing non zeros
Make the divisor a whole number by moving its decimal to the right
Move also the decimal point in the dividend
1. 68.96 1.33 6896 133
2. 68.96 0.133 6896 133
3. 16.5 120 165 120
Case 2: Dividing with zeros
Move decimal places to the right
1. 15 0.0001 = 150,000
2. 8 0.1 = 80
Move decimal places to the left
1. 15 1000 = 0.015
2. 8 10 = 0.8
3. 8,112.5 100 = 81.125

1.2 Conversions of fraction to decimal and vice versa

Place Value: 0.18769
Hundred thousands
Ten thousands
Thousands
Hundredths
Tenths
To convert fraction into decimal, divide the numerator from denominator
1. 2/7 2 7 = 0.286
2. 34 = 0.75
3. 5/6 5 6 = 0.83
To convert decimal into fraction, read first the decimal places to determine of what
denominator to use.
1. Change 0.124 to a fraction
Since 0.124 is 124 thousandths, use 1000 as the denominator, so

124
31

1000 250

2. 0.56

56
14

100 25

But for the repeating decimals use 99 and so on for the denominator
3. 0.131313.. =

13
99

287
999

4. 0.287287287 =

1.3 Percentage and common math shortcuts

Percent
-means per hundred
30 % means there are 30 per 100 or 30: 100
100% means 100/100 or 1 whole
400% means 400/100 or 4
Changing fraction to percent
Divide the numerator by the denominator and multiply the product by 100
2/5 = 0.4 x 100 = 40%
6/5 = 1.2 x 100 = 120%
Changing percent to fraction
Move the decimal places to the left, read the place value and determine the
denominator
35% 0.35

35
100

7
20

160% 1.6 1 + 0.6 1 +

6
6
3
=1 1
10
10
5

Shortcuts
Common fractions to percentages conversion
= 0.5 = 50%
2/3 = 0.667 = 66.67%
= 0.75 = 75%
2/5 = 0.4 = 40%
4/5 = 0.8 = 80%
3/10 = 0.3 = 30%
3/8 = 0.375 = 37.5%

1/3 = 0.3333 = 33.33%

= 0.25 = 25%
1/5 = 0.20 = 20%
3/5 = 0.6 = 60%
1/10 = 0.1 = 10%
7/8 = 0.875 = 87.5%
1/8 = 0.125 =12.5%
5/8 = 0.525 = 52.5%
Multiplying fractions cancel, cancel and cancel
1.

3 1 2 5 6 1 1
=
4 3 5 2 7 6 28

2.

1 6 10 6 2
=
3 10 7 21 7

3.

2 1 1
=
3 2 3

Turn questions into equations

Of to x
Is to =
What to N
1. What is 25% of 200?
N
= 25% x 200
N

1
4

x 200 = 50

2. What percent of 50 is 10?

N
x 50 = 10

N (50) 10
=
50
50
1
=20
5

N=

3. Fifteen is 50% of what number?

15
= 50% x N
15

1
2

Divide 15 by 1/2

N = 30

1.4 Operations in Polynomials

Addition and Subtraction

Combine like terms then add or subtract
1. (2x3 + 6x2 + 9x +8) + (3x4 + x3 + 6x +2)
= 3x4 + 2x3 +x3 +6x2 + 9x +6x +8+2
= 3x4 +3x3+6x2+15x + 10
2. (2x3+6x2+9x+8) (3x4+x3+6x+2)
= 2x3+6x2+9x+8 3x4 x3- 6x 2
= -3x4+ 2x3-x3+6x2+9x-6x+8-2
= -3x4+x3+6x2+3x-6
Multiplication

2x4+3x2+6x+4
x
2x3+2x +3
6x 4 +9x2+18x+12
5
3
4x + 6x
+12x2+8x
7
5
3
4x +6x + 8x +12x4
= 4x7+ 10x5+14x3+18x4+21x2+26x+12
= 4x 7+10x5+18x4+14x3+21x2+26x +12

Division
Case 1: Use Traditional Dividing
x 2- 2x +1
x-1 x3 3x2+3x 1
-x3 + x2
- 2x2 + 3x
+2x 2 2x
x1
-x + 1
0
Case 2: Use synthetic division
x3-3x2+3x-1 divided by x-1
x-1
1 3 +3
+1-2
12+1

xr

x (-1) = x +1
1

x3-1 so , x2
x2 2x +1
Solve the following problems:
Note: Dont use calculators
1. 0.02% x 0.22 =
2. 0.374 x 0.49 x 0.667 x 0.76 x 0.33 is approximately equal to

3. Divide 72 by

1
4

4. Convert 4.05 into fraction

5. Twelve is 150% of what number?
6. What Is?
7. If
8. If
9.

x x

y z

1 1 1
+ =
x y z

then y =

2 a+ 4 b
=5 , what is b expressed in terms of a?
3
2
3

=
mn nm

10. A car dealer sells an SUV for $ 39,000, which represents a 25% profit over the
cost. What was the cost of the SUV to the dealer?