Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Lab#3
ANSYS Analysis of a Beam
By Claude Daley
2012
INTRODUCTION
A 10.0 m long rectangular beam carries a patch load of 5 N/m (excluding its own weight) as shown
below. Draw the shear force, bending moment diagram and calculate the shear and normal stresses at
mid span and near the support of the beam. What is the maximum deflection of the beam?
E = 200 GPa
I = 510-6 m4
page 1
> evalf(subs(x=0,m));evalf(subs(x=L,m));evalf(subs(x=L,yy));
page 2
3) Click Concept in the menu bar to draw a line from points. For the first line, choose the first two
points by holding the Ctrl key and selecting the first two points. Then click apply for Point Segments
and generate the line. This will create a line body. Repeat for each pair of points to create 3 lines.
page 3
4) Draw the cross-section. To do this, click Concept again and choose Rectangle from Cross-Section,
dimension it to .06 for B and 0.1 for H in Details View. The rectangle named Rect1 is created as shown
below. To adjust the dimension position, right click on the window and choose Move Dimensions.
page 4
5) Now we have to assign the cross-section to this line body. Click on line body. In Details View ,
beside Cross Sectionand choose rectangle (Rect1) that was just created from the.
6) Align the cross section with the line body. Select the line body from the Tree and right click mouse.
Click on
and leave the cross section alignment default. To bring
the cross section in desired orientation, use 90 for rotation and choose yes for orientation as shown
below.
page 5
page 6
4) Choose the 2nd line for geometry and apply. From definition, choose defined by Components and
write -5 for Y Component (downward load).
5) Plot the Moment Shear and Deflection of the beam. To do this, right click on the Solution, and select
Insert > Beam Results > Bending Moment and Insert > Beam Results > Shear Force. Also select Insert >
Deformation > Total.
page 7
The bending moment results are shown below. The undeformed beam is shown in light grey, by using
the Show Undeformed Model option of the contour display button.
page 8
page 9
6) Next we want to draw the shear force and moment diagrams. For this, we need to define the path for
these diagrams. Select the beam (all 3 lines) for path, right click on the Solution in the Tree menu and
choose insert -> beam results -> shear moment diagram. This will add the Total Shear Moment
Diagram below the solution information.
7) Change the Total Shear-Moment Diagram to Direction Shear moment diagram (VZ-MY-UZ).
The reason to choose VZ-MY-UZ is that the ANSYS Z-axis is same as the DesignModeler Y-axis as
shown below. This will also give us negative and positive moments (vs just magnitude)
page 10
These are just like the Maple results. Using the Beam Tool, we can plot the bending stresses. The max
bending stress is 6.2669e5 pa., exactly equal to our estimate. Horray!!
page 11
2) Now we need to tell Ansys to create a face where the load can be applied.
Click on
icon for new plane and chose From Face. Select the top of the beam and hit Apply.
Now sketch a rectangle over the beam. Add dimensions for the distance from the end of the beam to the
rectangle (2m) and for the length of the rectangle (4m).
page 12
3) Extrude the rectangle through the beam with the option Imprint Faces.
By Doing this we have created a separate surface on which to apply the load.
page 13
3) To apply support, right click on the static structural and go to insert and choose Fixed Support for
one end face. Click on other end face of the beam and apply a Remote Displacement.
Set the Y component to Free, and all others to 0.
page 14
page 15
We see the deformation pattern we would expect and we see that the total deformation is .0006m The
same as the Maple and beam element models. OK
page 16
b) The normal stress (in the Z direction which is along the beam) should be similar to the estimated
bending stress of 6.27e5 Pa. The peak stresses at the very end of the beam are 8.5e5 (35% high) but just
slightly in from the end the normal stress is 6.1e5 Pa. (3% low). This illustrates the false stress
concentration around the fixed support that we saw in the first lab. Overall the deflection and bending
stresses agree very well, as one would hope.
page 17
Student:____________________
Exercise 3: Work in groups of 2 or alone (but have each student hand in this page). Make 2 models of
the fixed-pinned T-section steel frame shown below (with beam and solid elements). Find the pressure
that needs to be applied on a 200mm x 200mm central load patch to cause yielding. Comment on the
results and identify potential concerns.
300 mm
50 mm
50 mm
2.0 m
Items
Mid-span deflection
Max. bending stress (MPa)
Max. shear stress (MPa)
Comments
P = ? MPa
Beam model
200 mm
Solid model
page 18