LOGIC GATE

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LOGIC GATE AND TRUTH TABLE

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LOGIC GATE

The AND Gate:-

Thus, the ANDoperation is written as X = A .B or X = AB

The AND gate produces a HIGH output when all inputs areHIGH; otherwise,
the output is LOW. For a 2-input gate,
the truth table is
INPUT

OUTPUT

B
0

X
0

A
0

EXAMPLE:-A Seat Belt Alarm System:

And gate is used in autompobile

THE OR GATE
The OR gate produces a HIGH output if any input is HIGH;
if all inputs are LOW, the output is LOW. For a 2-input gate,the truth table is

LOGIC GATE

inputs
A
B
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1

output
X
0
1
1
1

the variables. Thus, the OR operation is written as X = A + B. The OR operation

is shown with a plus sign (+) between.

EXAMPLE:-

An alarm system
that attach one room and two windows . when any window or room is open the
alarm is on .circut shown in figure.

Using OR gate

THE NAND GATE

The NAND gate produces a LOW output when all inputs

are HIGH; otherwise, the output is HIGH. For a 2-input
gate, the truth table is
The NAND operation is shown with a dot between the
INPUT
OUTPUT
variables and an overbar covering them. Thus, the NAND
A
B
X
operation is written as X = A .B (Alternatively, X = AB.)
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
EXAMPLE:
Nand gate with two inputs is connected to tank level sensor and its output is connected
to indicator panel .if tank A or B are above one quarter full,the led is on

The NAND gate is particularly useful because it is a

universal gate all other basic gates can be constructed from NAND gates

THE NOR GATE:

The NOR gate produces a LOW output if any input is
HIGH; if all inputs are HIGH, the output is LOW. For a 2-input gate, the truth table is

LOGIC GATE

INPU
T
A B
0 0

OUTPU
T
X
1

0
1
1

0
0
0

1
0
1

The NOR operation is shown with a plus sign (+) between

the variables and an overbar covering them. Thus, the NOR operation
is written as X = A + B. Symbol is shown

EXAMPLE:

POWER IS Applied to the circuit when

the gear down switch is activated use a NOR Gate as shown
in the figure .one NOR gate is operate as negative AND to
detect a Low from each of three landing gear sensor.
Sensor is dected by the NOR Gate , which produce a LOW
output to turn on the LED waring display.

THE EXCLUSIVE OR GATE :

The XOR gate produces a HIGH output only when both
inputs are at opposite logic levels. The truth table is
The XOR operation is written as X = AB + AB.
Alternatively, it can be written with a circled plus sign
between the variables as X = A + B.

INPU
T
A B
0 0
0 1
1 0
1 1

OUTPU
T
X
0
1
1
0

Notice that the XOR gate will produce a HIGH only when exactly one
input is HIGH.

EXAMPLE:

The output of the circuit is connected to the input

an XOR gate as shown in figure .A Failur either one of the

LOGIC GATE
circuit produce a different output , which cause the XOR input to be at opposite level
.This condition produce a HIGH on the output of XOR gate , indicating a failure in one of
the circuit.

THE INVERTER:

Truth table of inverter

INPUT

OUTPUT

LOW
(0)

HIGH
(1)

EXAMPLE: SEE
HIGH
EXAMPLE OF
THE EXCLUSIVE-NOR

LOW(0)

(1)

THE BELOW
XNOR GATE.
GATE:

The XNOR gate produces a HIGH output only when both

inputs are at the same logic level. The truth table is

INPUT
A B
0 0

OUTPUT
X
1

0
1
1

0
0
1

1
0
1

The XNOR operation shown as X = AB + AB. Alternatively,

the XNOR operation can be shown with a circled dot
between the variables. Thus, it can be shown as X = A . B.
Logic symbol for XNOR gate as shown.

EXAMPLE:

LOGIC GATE
THE output waveform for the XOR gate and XNOR gate given the input waveform A
and B as shown in figure.

NOTICE that the XNOR output is high only when both input are same.