SAFETYINUNLOADING/LOADINGTANKERS

SafetyinHydrocarbon
Sector
DrillingtoDispensing
Capt.V.K.Chawla
Veemar Shipping
12th August2010

TankerExplosion

Dalian PortFire

VIZAGFIREDURINGDISCHARGEOFLPGTANKER

ViewofVishakapatnam harbour
http://www.knowindia.net/infraindia4.html

AGENDA

VIZAGFIREDURINGDISCHARGEOFLPGTANKER
TYPICALOPERATIONS TERMINAL
TYPICALOPERATIONS TANKERS
INTEGRATEDTANKERTERMINALOPERATIONS
ISSUESATSHORETERMINALS
EXCERPTFROMINSPECTIONCHECKLIST
WHYISFOCUSONSAFETYINSPECTIONCRITICAL?
RECOMMENDATIONS
CONCLUSION

INTEGRATEDTERMINALTANKEROPERATIONS
Asoilcargoflowsfromship/tankertoshore/terminalthroughhoseand
mechanicalloadingarms,theentireoperationisintegrated i.e.any
incidentonship/tankercancauseanincidentonshore/terminaland
viceversa
ComparisonwithMotherInfantrelationship
Safetyofcargooperationsistheresponsibilityofeachandeveryone
involvedintheseoperations(tankerandterminalaremutually
responsibleforeachother)

Tankerunloadingimage
http://gazpromsh.nl/lng/technology/shipping/

MotherInfantRelationshipcomparisontoTankerTerminal
Operation http://lucinafoundation.org/assets/babyinwomb.jpg

WHYISFOCUSONSAFETYINSPECTIONCRITICAL?

POTENTIALLOSSOFHUMANLIFE
FACILITYDAMAGE(PROPERTYANDEQUIPMENTLOSS)
ENVIRONMENTALIMPACT
REGULATORYFINES
DOWNTIMEOFFACILITY
REBUILDCOST
RESPONSECOST
REPUTATIONIMPACT

TYPICALOPERATIONS TANKER
Ships/Tankersareoperatedasperinternationalstandard
Mannedbyformallytrained,qualifiedandexperiencedcrew
Shipshavetocomplywithvariousnational/internationalstatutory
requirements SOLAS,MARPOL,IMDGCodewithinIMO(inter
governmentbody)
Frequentvettinginspectionbycharterers
TMSA(Tankermanagement&selfassessment)implementationbyship
ownersunderISMcode
Classificationsocietiesinvolvement
Failuretomaintainshipcanresultinlossofearningtoshipowner
Pollutionresultingpenalactionimprisonment,fines,andlossof
certificate

TYPICALOPERATIONS TERMINAL
Preberthingpreparation
Safemooringoftanker
Compliancewithtankerterminalprocedures(consistentwithInternational
Standards)
AdherencetoInspectionChecklistandrecordkeepingforfuturereference
PrecargooperationconferencebetweenTanker&shore
Properclarityonemergencyandshutdownprocedures
CleardemarcationofresponsibilitiesbetweenTanker&Shore
Determineclearshipshorecommunication
Continuousmonitoringcargooperationparameters
Oncompletionofcargooperationpostdischargedocumentation
Prepareforsafedepartureoftanker
Secureterminalfornextoperations

Areasforconcernincurrentoperations

EXCERPTFROMINSPECTIONCHECKLIST
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G E NE R A L
S H IP
Is thes hips ecurelymoored
Areemergencytowing wires correctlypos itioned?
Is theres afeacces s betweens hipands hore?
Is thes hipreadytomoveunderits ownpower?
Is thereaneffectivedeckwatchinattendanceonboardandadequate
s upervis ionontheterminalandonthes hip?
Is theagreeds hip/s horecommunications ys temoperative?
H as theemergencys ignaltobeus edbythes hipands horebeen
explainedandunders tood?
H avetheprocedureforcargobunkerandballas thandling been
agreed?
H avethehaz ards as s ociatedwithtoxics ubs tances inthecargobeing
handledbeenidentifiedandunders tood?
H as theemergencys hutdownprocedurebeenagreed?
Arefirehos es andfirefig htingequipmentonboardandas hore
pos itionedandreadyforimmediateus e?
Arecargoandbunkerhos es /arms ingoodcondition,properlyrigged
andappropriateforthes erviceintended?
Ares cuppers effectivelyplug g edanddriptrays inpos ition,bothon
boardandas hore?
Areunus edcargoandbunkerconnections properlys ecuredwith
blankflang es fullybolted?
Is s eaandoverboarddis chargevalves ,whennotinus e,clos edand
vis iblys ecured?
Areallcargoandbunkertanklids clos ed?
Is theagreedtankventing s ys tembeingus ed?
H as theoperationoftheP /V valves and/orhig hvelocityvents
Arehandtorches ofanapprovedtype?
AreportableV H F /UH F trans ceivers ofanapprovedtype?
Arethes hips mainradiotrans mitteraerials earthedandradars
s witchedoff?
Areelectriccables toportableelectricalequipmentdis connectedfrom
power?
Areallexternaldoors andports intheaccommodationclos ed?
Arewindowtypeairconditioning units dis connected?
Areairconditioning intakes ,whichmaypermittheentryofcargo
vaporclos ed?
Aretherequirements forus eofgalleyappliances beingobs erved?

T E R MINA L

C ODE
R
R
R
PR
R
AR
A
AR

AR

R E MA R K S

ISSUESATSHORETERMINALS
Qualifiedengineerwithnoformaltrainingintankerorjettyoperation
Jobrotationcompoundslackofexperienceabouttankeroperation for
shorebasedpersonnel
Noperiodicalupdatetokeepupwithchangesinstandards
Lackofhandsonfirefighting/pollutioncombattraining
Infrequentdrills
Infrequentinspections
Involvementofmultipleagencies
Unloadingfacilitiespartlyownedbyportorbytheoilcompanies with
nocleardemarcationofresponsibilities
Porttrustprovidesmarinelogisticsupport

RECOMMENDATIONS
Ports&Terminalstoselfassesstheiroperations,andhave
independentaudits,basedonOCIMFstandardreferences
InternationalSafetyGuideforOilTankers&Terminals
(ISGOTT)tobeusedasbasis
InspectionsbasedonanindustrystandardInspection
Questionnaire thatiscompletedforeachoperationand
keptforrecords
Tankersaretypicallyinspectedtwiceperyearandsimilarly
Terminalsshouldalsobevettedregularly
TerminalInspectorsshouldbetrained,audited&
accredited
ProperRootCauseAnalysisSysteminplace
WelltrainedEmergencyResponseSystem
Clearrolesandresponsibilitiesforallinvolved

CONCLUSION
Accidentsdonotoccurbutarecaused
Mottoshouldbetohaveeverythingshipshape.
Risksandchallengesatsealeavesnoroomforcomplacency
toaseafarer
SocietyexpectsindustrytohaveZeroaccident
Eventhough99.999%ofOilisdeliveredsafely,ittakesonly
oneaccidenttochangetheindustry.
Canweaffordthis0.001%?
ASTITCHINTIMESAVESNINE!!