Académique Documents
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DOSIMETER
% DOSE
dBA
LO BATT
SPL MAX
INT 60s
LOCK
4
5
6
SPL
"CAL"
INT
(60 sec)
TEST
SETUP
DOSE
PEAK
Leq
MAX
TIME
32
7
8
9
NOTES
31
NOTES
30
NOTES
Contents
1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................... 7
1.1
1.2
1.3
3. APPLICATION ................................................................................. 12
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
Dosimeter .........................................................................................15
Dosimeter Equation .......................................................................... 15
Sound Fields .................................................................................... 16
3.6.1
3.6.2
3.7
3.8
Windscreen .......................................................................................17
4. OPERATION .................................................................................... 17
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
4.10
4.11
4.12
4.13
4.14
4.15
4.15
Error Message
If the display indicates ERRO3, turn off the dosimeter and wait 10 seconds. Then
turn the dosimeter on. This resets the 897 and the calibration is unaffected.
Communications
<OK>
Options
Communication
Baud Rate [match the 897--try 9600]
Data Bits
[8]
Stop Bits
[1]
Handshake
[Hardware]
Parity [None]
Port
[COM1 or COM2], as required
<OK>
File Save [this will save the setup]
Transfer
Capture Text
Save file as [897.DAT] <OK>
Connect
Connect
>> On the 897, slide the OFF-ON-HOLD SWITCH TO HOLD AND PRESS
PRINT. You will see the data appear on the computer screen. When the data
stops appearing...
Connect
Connect
OK to disconnect?
<OK>
File
Close
File
Open Existing File
897.DAT <OK>
Open File As <Word Processor>
<OK>
Select
Replace
Search for [*...........]
<Replace All>
<OK>
29
NOTES
FULLY INSERT
MICROPHONE
897
SET TO "114dB"
POSITION
DOSIMETER
887-2
SOUND LEVEL CALIBRATOR
SET TO "RUN"
% DOSE
dBA
LO BATT
SPL MAX
INT 60s
ON
LOCK
ON
PRESS
"CAL"
114dB
OFF
94 dB
LOW BATTERY
CAUTION
SPL
"CAL"
INT
(60 sec)
TEST
SETUP
DOSE
PEAK
Leq
MAX
TIME
g.
4.14
(Optional) The time and date of this calibration may be recorded in the
Instruments memory by pressing and holding the SPL (CAL) switch until
the display flashes CAL. The Instrument will retain the two most recent such
occurrences, which may be observed only via the DATA OUTPUT. Due to
changes in atmospheric conditions, it is recommended that Instrument calibrations be conducted and recorded at the beginning and end of the day.
Turn off the calibrator, remove the microphone and replace the windscreen.
Dosimeter Application
The following text describes how to transfer data from the Simpson 897 Dosimeter into an IBM-compatible computer using Microsoft Works.
Using the optional RS-232-C serial cable, catalog #02233, connect the 897 to
your computers serial port, either COM1 or COM2.
28
NOTES
START:
CAL: 114.0 dBA
CAL: 114.0 dBa
DOSE:
LEQ 115.5
SPL-Max *130.0
Lc 90
th
80
rt
5
id
01
Pk 0
ET 17
HT 2
ET
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
LAVG
91.1
99.1
129.7
130.0
106.2
*00.0
*00.0
95.9
89.9
80.1
80.5
53.9
53.6
53.0
52.1
52.1
*00.0
NOTES:
25/JAN/02 08:23
08:09
25/JAN/02 RANGE:
08:40
25/JAN/02 RANGE:
108.0%
LMAX
91.4
105.6
*130.0
*130.0
*130.0
*00.0
*00.0
96.7
96.7
80.3
94.6
54.6
54.7
54.4
53.5
52.3
*00.0
PEAKS RANGE
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
-1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
80/130 dB
80/130 dB
HOLD
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1. When read by a spreadsheet program such as Microsoft Works, the LAVG, L-MAX, PEAKS,
RANGE AND HOLD columns will be aligned.
2. *00.0 indicates an underrange reading
*100.0 or *130.0 indicates an overrange reading
4.13
Calibration
Always check the calibration before making any measurement. Use the Simpson
Sound Level Calibrator, Model 887, Series 2.
a. Remove the windscreen (if used) and carefully insert the microphone fully
into the acoustic cavity of the Calibrator.
b. Set the calibrator power switch to the ON position and check that the calibrator battery is okay.
!
Never place the operating calibrator tightly against the ear. The high sound level
could be harmful, especially to someone with a hearing deficiency.
c. Set the OFF-RUN-HOLD slide switch in the 897 to the RUN position. Wait
until the Display Test sequence is completed, then depress the SPL (CAL)
switch.
d. Select the desired range: For checking at 94 dB use the 50/100 range; for
checking at 114 dB use the 80/130 range.
e. If calibration is required, using the screwdriver supplied with the calibrator,
turn the adjustment control until a reading of either 94.0 dB or 114.0 dB is
indicated on the display.
27
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1
The Simpson Model 897 is a combination dosimeter and Class S2A sound level
meter. It is a portable, easy-to-operate, accurate digital sound measurement instrument designed to meet the requirements of OSHA and international noise
exposure regulations.
The 897 has a built-in data logger with a 31 hour storage capability. There are two
standard output formats available with the data logger, a Centronics compatible
parallel printer and an RS-232C serial printer or computer. The 897 also meets
the requirements for the American National Standard Institute (ANSI) Specification S1.4-1983 and IEC651 for class S2A sound level meters and American
National Standard Institute (ANSI) Specification S1.25-1978 for Personal Noise
Dosimeters.
Measuring continuous, intermittent and impulsive noise in the standard range
from 80 dBA to 130 dBA, the 897 also offers a 50 to 100 dB range where lower
sound level analysis is desired. When used as a personal noise dosimeter, the
897 may be worn in a shirt pocket or on a belt. The microphone is provided with a
clip which can be attached to the operators shirt close to the ear.
When used as a sound level meter, the Instrument is hand-held. A front end
attachment, properly contoured to avoid interference with incoming sound waves,
holds the microphone. The advanced microcomputer, large digital display and
special electret-condenser microphone offers easy operation and readability,
and excellent performance and reliability.
Actual Output
Start:<sp><sp>25/JAN/02<sp><sp>00:00<CR><LF>
CAL:<sp><sp>0.0<sp>dBA<sp><sp>00:00<sp><sp>25/J
AN/100<sp><sp>RANGE:<sp><sp>80/130<sp><sp>
dB<CR><LF>
DOSE:<sp><sp>0.0<CR>LF>
Leq:<sp><sp>000.0<CR><LF>
Description
Starting date and time for this period
The dBA reading, time, date and range
switch setting for each of two possible
calibration readings. If the output data is
only CAL:<sp><sp>?<CR><LF> then there
is no calibration reading stored. Also,
RANGE: may be 50/100.
The calculated dose in percentage
Lc<sp><sp>nn<CR><LF>
Th<sp><sp>nn<CR><LF>
rt<sp><sp>n<CR><LF>
ID<sp><sp>nn<CR><LF>
Pk<sp><sp>nnn<CR><LF>
ET<sp><sp>nnnn<CR><LF>
HT<sp><sp>nnn<CR><LF><CR><LF>
Threshold in dB
Exchange Rate in dB
Unit I.D. Number
Number of 140 dB peaks
Elapsed Run Time in minutes
Elapsed Hold Time in minutes
SPL-Max<sp><sp>000.0<CR><LF>
ET<sp>LAVG<sp><sp>MAX<sp><sp>PEAKS<sp><sp>
RANGE<sp><sp>HOLD<CR>LF>
General Description
1.2
Part No.
5-119753
5-119752
6-113274
5-116470
10-865235
6-115891
02234
6-115095
10-865926
Optional Items
Description
887-2 Sound Level Calibrator
RS-232 Serial Cable
26
Part No.
12648
02233
1.3
Technical Data
The 897 conforms to ANSI S1.4-1983, ANSI S1.25-1978, and IEC651 (1979)
standards for type S2A sound level meters and noise dosimeters.
Table 1-2 lists the technical specifications for the 897 Noise Dosimeter/Sound
Level Meter.
Table 1-2. Instrument Specifications
Dosimeter Specifications
1.
Microphone:
Type:
Maximum Pressure:
Impedance:
Directional Characteristics:
2.
3.
Threshold Level:
Dose:
Resolution:
Maximum Indication:
4.
Leq Display:
5.
Criterion Level:
6.
7.
Exchange Rates:
Elapsed Time:
8.
Dynamic Range:
9.
Accuracy:
4.12
= 90 dB
= 80 dB
= 5 dB
# 01
JOB ______________________________________________________
NAME _____________________________________________________
LOCATION _________________________________________________
START DATE:
START TIME:
CALIBRATION:
CALIBRATION:
MEASUREMENT SUMMARY:
RUN TIME
=
HOLD TIME
=
L EQ
=
SPL MAX
=
DOSE
=
140 dB PEAKS
=
25/JAN/02
08:23
114.0 dBA 08.09 25/JAN/02 RANGE: 80/130 dB
114.0 dBA 08.40 25/JAN/02 RANGE: 80/130 dB
00:17
00:02
115.5 dBA
*130.0 dBA
108.0%
0
HISTOGRAPH
5-MIN AVERAGE LEVELS IN dBA
HRS:MIN
08.24
08:25
08:30
08.35
08:40
HRS:MIN
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
+ --------- + ------------ + ------- + ---------- + ------------ + --------------- + --------------- + ---------- +
= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = 91
= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = 93
= = = = = = = = = = 69
== 52 HOLD
<
HOLD
+ --------- + ------------ + ------- + ---------- + ------------ + --------------- + --------------- + ---------- +
HRS:MIN
08:24
08:25
08:26
08:27
08:28
08:29
08:30
08:31
08:32
08:33
08:34
08:35
08:36
08:37
08:38
08:39
08:40
LAVG
91.1
99.1
129.7
130.0
106.2
*00.0
*00.0
95.9
89.9
80.1
80.5
53.9
53.6
53.0
52.1
52.1
*00.0
LMAX
91.4
105.6
*130.0
*130.0
*130.0
*00.0
*00.0
96.7
96.7
80.3
94.6
54.6
54.7
54.4
53.5
52.3
*00.0
PEAKS
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
RANGE
80/130
80/130
80/130
80/130
80/130
80/130
80/130
80/130
80/130
80/130
CHANGED
50/100
50/100
50/100
50/100
50/100
50/100
HOLD
HOLD
END OF REPORT
NOTE: *00.0 Indicates an underrange reading.
Figure 4-4. Sample Printout - Parallel Output and Serial Format 2 (Prn 2)
25
observed during the preceding minute (not the same as the MAX function switch),
the number of 140 dB peaks during the preceding minute, the RANGE switch
setting, and the occurrence of the dosimeter entering the HOLD mode. This data
is available only via the Data Output connector.
4.10
Two standard output formats are available from the data logger of the dosimeter:
a summary report that can be printed on either a parallel printer, or an RS-232C
serial printer, and an output that is ideally formatted as input into a multi-column
spreadsheet type program such as Microsoft Works. Each output format includes information of total HOLD time, dose, Leq, SPL MAX, total number of 140
dB peaks, and a minute-by-minute output of the data logger. Following are sample
printouts of the same data recorded by the 897 in each of the output formats. To
obtain a printout in either one of the formats: first set the dosimeter to HOLD,
then press the PRINT button to print the data.
4.11
17. Calibration:
A sample of the summary report is illustrated in Figure 4-3. The report is divided
into four parts for explanatory reasons: Heading, Measurement Summary,
Histograph, and the Minute-by-Minute Data Logger Output.
Heading includes:
Type of report, measurement parameters set by the operator, location and job
identification as assigned by the operator
Date and time the Instrument was first set in RUN mode of operation. Also
included are calibration data and time if recorded by the operator. (See paragraph 4.13 for calibration instructions.)
Measurement Summary includes the following:
Run Time:
Total time Instrument was in RUN mode.
Hold Time:
Total time Instrument was in HOLD mode of operation.
Leq:
The eight hour TWA (time weighted average) expressed in dBA.
This measurement can be from the threshold level, set by the
operator, up to 130 dB.
SPL Max:
The maximum sound pressure level recorded by the data logger.
DOSE:
The calculated dose (in percent). A 100% equates to a criterion
noise level exposure for an eight hour time period.
140 dB Peaks:
Total number of 140 dB peaks recorded.
Histograph presents five minute averages of the minute-by-minute LAVG readings. The histograph is independent of the range setting, however, when the LAVG
readings are either underrange as indicated by * 00.0; or overrange as
indicated by * 100.0 or * 130.0, then these readings are averaged into the 5
minute summary. For example; if LAVG = * 00.0, as noted in Figure 4-3, then 0.0 dB
is averaged in the five minute histograph.
Note that the five minute averages start on the minute ending in either a 0 or a 5,
therefore, the initial and final averages may be less than 5 minute interval averages, as noted in Figure 4-3. The Instrument was in either the HOLD or SPL
mode of operation at anytime during the five minute interval, if the reading is
followed by the word HOLD.
Minute-by-Minute Data Logger Output includes the following:
24
Storage Rate:
Data Retention:
Serial:
Real-Time Clock:
Clock, are saved in nonvolatile memory; the settings are retained even if the
battery becomes fully discharged.
4.7
The 897 has been designed with two special security provisions to prevent unauthorized personnel from tampering with the control settings.
A function lockout feature prevents selected functions from being changed. This
is accomplished by selecting the desired function, and while pressing this button,
moving the OFF-RUN-HOLD control switch from RUN to the HOLD position
and then back to the RUN position. The function touch pad is now disabled and
no further function selections will be acknowledged. To regain control of the function selections, simply move the OFF-RUN-HOLD switch from RUN to HOLD
and back to the RUN position.
The OFF-RUN-HOLD control switch can be locked in any one of the three
positions by inserting the #4 spline wrench into the Bristol Screw located next to
the switch and turning the screw clockwise.
4.8
Internal Rechargeable
Nickel-cadmium Battery Pack: Rechargeable with supplied recharger.
Battery Life:
Approximately 40 hours between charges in
RUN. Approximately 60 hours between
charges in HOLD.
NOTE: When the Instrument is switched to RUN and the display shows ERR3
and LO BATT, the battery must be charged at least 8 hours.
Low Battery Indicator:
22. Display
DOSE:
PEAK:
Leq:
MAX:
TIME:
PRINT:
24. Mechanical Construction
Security Provisions:
10
Security Controls
USE
Must not be connected for parallel.
Must be connected to pin 4 for serial
Parallel bit 6 output
Parallel bit 5 output
Ground
Parallel bit 2 output
Parallel bit 1 output
Serial cts input
Parallel data strobe output
PIN
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
USE
Parallel bit 7 output
Serial data output
Parallel bit 4 output
Parallel bit 3 output
Ground
Parallel bit 0 output
Parallel data ready input
The requirements for the RS-232C output are: 8 bit words, no parity, 1 stop bit.
Data is transmitted only; there is no data receive function. Handshaking is via
one signal line, CTS.
4.9
23
NOTE: In order to determine how much the Leq exceeds the OSHA upper limit of
115 dB, set the Leq to 130 dB.
Example:
Case Construction:
Physical Dimensions:
Length:
Width:
Thickness:
5.
Serial Output, Option 1 or 2 (Prn): Option 1 formats the data in spreadsheet format for a computer; option 2 outputs the data formatted for a
serial printer. This setting has no effect on the parallel output data format.
This is factory set to option 1.
Example:
Weight:
6.
7.
Humidity:
Influence:
Range:
Magnetic Field:
RS-232 Baud Rate (0000): 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, or 9600 baud.
This has no effect on the parallel output. It is factory set at 9600.
Atmospheric Pressure:
8.
2.1
Examine the shipping carton and Instrument for damage. If undamaged, check
for internal damage . (Preliminary checks of the operating condition of the Instrument can be made after carefully reading Section 4). If there is external or internal
damage, immediately file a complaint with the carrier. Make certain all items in
Table 1-1 are included in shipment. Save the shipping carton for possible future
shipping of the Instrument.
NOTE: The 897 is powered by a self-contained rechargeable nickel cadmium
battery pack. Charge Instrument for 16 hours before use.
9.
2.2
d.
Once all the parameter choices are made, switch the OFF-RUN-HOLD
switch (see figure 4-1) to OFF for three seconds and all changes will be
saved in the internal memory. It is unnecessary to go through the entire
sequence; you may stop and switch the power OFF once all needed changes
are made. All of the above parameters, with the exception of the Real-Time
22
11
number 1, 2 or 3, and should then freeze on this display. If this occurs, the
Instrument must be returned for repair.
If these tests pass, the Instrument will proceed to a rotating digits test. This will
cycle the display through all digits and all special annunciators. This test will
continue until either the TIME switch is pressed or the OFF-RUN-HOLD switch
is switched to OFF.
If the TIME switch was pressed, then the Instrument will continuously display
the real-time clock until the OFF-RUN-HOLD switch is switched to OFF.
upright to the shirt on the center of the shoulder. If this is impractical, clip the
microphone facing upward on the shirt collar. To protect the microphone in dusty
or windy environments, place the windscreen over the microphone before attaching it to the shirt.
2.3
Warranty
The Simpson Electric Company warranty policy is printed on the inside front
cover of this manual. Read it carefully before requesting warranty repairs. For all
assistance, including help with the Instrument under warranty, contact the factory.
Give full details of any difficulty and include the Instrument model number and
date of purchase. Shipping instructions will be mailed promptly. If an estimate of
charges for nonwarranty or other service work is required, a maximum charge
estimate will be quoted. This charge will not be exceeded without prior approval.
2.4
Shipping
Pack the Instrument carefully and ship it prepaid and insured to the proper destination.
4.6
4.6.1
4.6.2
a.
b.
3. APPLICATION
This section contains the basic information required for effective application of
the 897. To understand the operation of the Instrument, the following paragraphs
discuss its function in relation to some of the subtleties of sound.
3.1
c.
Decibel Scale
The human ear has a sound sensitivity range of greater than one million to one,
from the lowest level that can be detected to the highest level that can be tolerated without pain. Because of the large ratio involved, a linear meter scale marked
in sound pressure units becomes impractical. A scale based on logarithms, called
a decibel (dB) scale, is used. This scale expresses the ratio between the sound
pressure level being measured, with respect to a reference level and converts
large ratios into smaller convenient numbers. For example, a million-to-one pressure ratio can be compressed on a 0 to 120 dB scale. The zero dB is the low limit
reference which the human ear can barely perceive.
3.2
Criterion Level (Lc), Threshold Level (Th), Exchange Rate (rt), Leq Upper Limit
(H), Unit ID Number, Baud Rate and Time are easily programmable using the
buttons located on the front panel.
1.
Criterion Level (Lc): 70, 80, 84, 85, or 90 dB. Factory set at 90 dB as
recommended by OSHA.
Example:
2.
12
3.
4.
Leq Upper Limit (H): 115 or 130 dB. Factory set at 115 dB as recommended
by OSHA.
21
The approximate required time to fully charge the battery pack, in hours, is linearly proportional to the operating time of the dosimeter. See graph (Figure 4-3)
below.
+5
A
0
RELATIVE RESPONSE DECIBELS
16
CHARGE
TIME
(HOURS) 10
2
0
15
40
OPERATING TIME
(HOURS)
Example:
4.5.1
The display will indicate ur if the SPL is underrange; i.e., under 50 on the 50 to
100 dB range or under 80 on the 80 to 130 dB range.
4.5.2
30
35
40
A
50
100
500
200
1000
2000
Overrange Display
The display will indicate - - - - if the SPL is overrange, i.e., over 100 on the 50 to
100 dB range, or over 130 on the 80 to 130 dB range.
4.5.3
FREQUENCY RESPONSES
FOR SLM WEIGHTING
CHARACTERISTICS
FREQUENCY (Hz)
3.3.1
Underrange Display
20
25
20
3.3
Set the OFF-RUN-HOLD switch to the RUN position. When the unit is first
turned on, a display segment test is performed. Next, the 897 will display in
sequence given:
Lc nn
(Criterion Level)
th nn
(Threshold Level)
rt n
(Exchange Rate)
SPL
Display
B
15
50
The Instrument will operate from the battery for approximately 40 hours between
charges in the RUN position or approximately 60 hours between charges in the
HOLD position, however, this time will vary according to use.
Preliminary Checks
10
45
Figure 4-3
4.5
B AND C
20
Sound Level, dB A
SLOW Response
8
6
4
3
2
1 - 1/2
1
1/2
1/4 or less
90
92
95
97
100
102
105
110
115
13
Sound level
dB A
Slow response
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
1 00
1 01
102
103
1 04
105
Duration
per day
in hours
0.87
0.76
0.66
0.57
0.50
0.44
0.38
0.33
0.29
0.25
0.22
0.19
0.16
0.14
0.125
0.11
0.095
0.082
0.072
0.063
0.054
0.047
0.041
0.036
0.031
4.3
Sound level
dB A
Slow response
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
2.
3.
4.
RANGE switch: A 2-position switch that selects the operating range for
sound level measurements. The available ranges are 50
to 100 dB and 80 to 130 dB. The data logger records the
position of the switch and the time of any changes in the
position.
SPL (CAL)
adjust:
Used with a calibrator to set the correct level.
EXT DC:
Used with the supplied battery charger to recharge the
internal nickel-cadmium batteries. The Dosimeter may be
operated while connected to the charger.
DATA OUTPUT
CONNECTOR: Use with either parallel or RS-232 Serial accessory cable
to obtain data.
RANGE
DATA OUTPUT
50/100 80/130
SPL
CAL
EXT DC
4.4
Battery Charging
When daily noise exposure is composed of two or more periods of noise exposure at different levels, consider their combined effect rather than the individual
effect of each. The total dose is computed by the expression:
D + C1 + C2 + + Cn
T1 T2
Tn
Where: D is the noise dose; C1, C2 Cn are the actual segments of exposure
time at different noise levels; and T1, T2 Tn are the allowed time intervals (see
Table 4-1) for the mentioned segments of exposure. Unlike a sound level meter,
a dosimeter computes automatically the exposure, D, and displays the accumulated percentage of the allowed exposure.
B
Duration computed from 2 exp (L-90) rt where L = dB level, and rt = exchange
rate = 5 dB, in this example table.
*From the Federal Register, Vol. 46, No. 162, August 21, 1981.
14
The 897 is designed to be used with the Simpson Battery Charger(part no. 6115095) which is insulated well enough to permit use of the 897 while being
charged. This charger has a rated input of 108V AC to 264V AC at 50/60 Hz. Use
of any other charger may be hazardous to the operator or the 897.
The self-contained, rechargeable nickel cadmium battery pack should be charged
before operating the Instrument for the first time, or when the Low Battery Indicator LO BATT is displayed, or before extended use where a power source is not
available.
The Instrument may be operated with the battery charger connected and thereby
maintaining its charge, however, cycling of the charge is healthy for Ni-Cad
batteries and extends their life. Do not attempt to keep them fully charged all the
time.
19
are suspended and printouts will indicate HOLD during the time SPL is
selected.
HOLD: In HOLD mode all data is retained without any modification except
that the elapsed time clock is kept running. The display will alternately flash
between HOLD and the presently selected function.
2. Control Switch LOCK:
A spline head screw is used to lock the control switch. Locking the control
switch, together with the keyboard switch lockout feature, provides protection against unauthorized tampering with control settings. To activate the
keyboard lockout, slide the OFF-RUN-HOLD switch to HOLD, then select
the desired function and while still holding that function button down, slide
the OFF-RUN-HOLD switch to RUN.
NOTE: The display will indicate four dashes (- - - -) for approximately five
seconds. At this point, none of the touch switches will respond. The keyboard may
be reactivated by again sliding the OFF-RUN-HOLD switch to HOLD.
3. Readout Display:
Four-digit LCD display plus eight special functions/units.
4. SPL (CAL):
When selected, the Instrument functions as a sound level meter. It reads the
incoming sound pressure level on a real time basis, and displays the Aweight dB reading.
NOTE: All dosimeter functions are suspended, and the printouts will indicate
HOLD during the time SPL is selected. The SPL mode is also used to calibrate
the Instrument when its microphone is inserted into the Model 887 Calibrator.
When the SPL (CAL) button is held down for three seconds until CAL is displayed, the reading will be retained in memory along with the time, date, and
position of the RANGE switch. The latest two such readings are always stored.
These saved readings are only viewable with the data output printout.
5. DOSE/PEAK:
Alternately displays the DOSE in percent or the number of 140 dB (or greater)
peaks that have been detected since entering RUN.
6. TIME:
Alternately selects an elapsed time display of minutes:seconds or
hours:minutes since the Dosimeter was first switched into RUN mode.
Hours:minutes is displayed with a flashing color indicator.
7. INT (60 sec):
Displays the sound pressure level integrated average over a 60 second time
period. The 60 second time period begins whenever the Dosimeter is switched
into RUN from either OFF or HOLD. It then updates continuously using
the latest 60 seconds of accumulated sound pressure levels. Additional depressions of this button will sequentially display the latest settings of the
programmable options, namely: cirterion level, threshold level, exchange
rate, time weighted average upper limit, serial output format, unit ID, baud
rate and time clock. Notice that it is not possible to change the settings here,
only to observe them. Refer to paragraph 4.6 for programming procedures.
8. Leq/Max:
Alternately displays Leq, based on eight hours, in dB or the maximum sound
pressure level in dB since entering RUN.
9. Print:
Instrument prints out one of the two output formats available from the data
logger depending on which accessory cable is presently connected. This
switch only functions while the Dosimeter is in the HOLD mode. (See paragraph 4.9 for further information.)
18
3.3.2
Impact Noise
For compliance, exposure to impulsive or impact noise must not exceed 140 dB
A peak sound level.
3.4
Dosimeter
To accurately determine a dosage level using a sound level meter is a tedious
procedure, as the total length of exposure at each dB level must be weighted and
summed (accumulated). The dosimeter function of the 897 automatically and
continuously performs these mathematical manipulations while it is operating
and provides the dosage readout directly in percent of allowable exposure.
3.5
Dosimeter Equation
The dosimeter function is defined by ANSI S1.25 as:
q=
T
10
L - Lc
q
dt (when L > Lt)
rt
log 2
Thus:
D = 100
Tc
T
2
L - Lc
dt
rt
Since the A/D converter is performing continuous integration, the computer must
only resolve:
D = 100
Tc
L - Lc
rt
2
15
3.6
Sound Fields
3.6.1
3.8
Free Field
NOTE: When the 897 is exposed to a dusty or windy environment, the windscreen
should be used to protect the microphone diaphragm from damage, and to assure a correct reading.
The windscreen will reduce the effects of wind noise by approximately 20 dB
without seriously affecting the frequency response of the microphone.
Grease and dirt on the windscreen may affect the accuracy of sound measurements. Under severe conditions the windscreen should be cleaned often. To
clean, wash with a mild detergent, thoroughly rinse and dry before placing over
the microphone.
This field contains no reflecting objects. Ideally it is a point sound source located
in free space; however, it can be considered to exist whenever the sound level
being measured is caused mainly by the sound waves coming directly from the
sound source. This can occur even if there are reflecting objects.
3.6.2
Windscreen
Reverberant Field
This field is more common and exists whenever the sound level being measured
contains a significant amount of direct sound waves and a relatively small amount
of reflected sound waves.
3.7
Microphone Orientation
4. OPERATION
3.7.1
This section provides the instructions required for the operation of the 897.
When the Instrument is used as a fixed monitor in a free field or in a semireverberant field, the axis of the microphone should be oriented at approximately
70 with incident sound waves. Furthermore, the microphone should ideally be
placed as far from reflecting sound surfaces as possible. (See below.)
SOUND
SOURCE
AXIS OF
MICROPHONE
SOUND
WAVE
4.1
Safety Precautions
Read Section 3 before performing dosage measurements. Section 3 contains
important information pertaining to sound and noise measurement terminology,
standards, operating techniques and precautions.
4.2
70
3.7.2
3.7.3
For a practical and efficient application, clip the microphone to the shirt, on the
shoulder just below the ear, with the microphone diaphragm facing upward.
NOTE: The user of the Instrument disturbs the sound field near the microphone at
the upper limit of frequencies. For many practical situations, the measurement
error is relatively small, typically 1 to 3 dB higher than would occur with a fixed
monitor position. Since the fixed monitor cannot easily follow the motion of a
mobile individual, the personal dosimeter is the most accurate, practical means
of measuring individual noise dosage.
16
1.
OFF-RUN-HOLD Control
Switch:
A 3-position slide switch used to
activate the Instrument and
hold accumulated data.
OFF: Power is removed from
the Instrument and all accumulated data is erased. When 1
switching from RUN to OFF,
there is a minimum three second delay before the 897 actually goes off. This will aid in preventing accidental loss of accu- 4
mulated data. During this three
second period, the display may
appear dim; this is normal op- 5
eration.
RUN: In RUN mode all data 6
relating to DOSE, Leq, INT (60
sec), MAX and PEAK is continuously monitored, updated and
stored, except when in SPL
mode of operation. In the SPL
mode, all dosimeter functions
17
897
DOSIMETER
% DOSE
dBA
LO BATT
SPL MAX
INT 60s
LOCK
SPL
"CAL"
INT
(60 sec)
TEST
SETUP
DOSE
PEAK
Leq
MAX
TIME