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TELEMARKETING

La red permite que la comunicacin rebase barreras econmicas y culturales.


La ventaja de las TIC frente a los medios de comunicacin tradicionales,
permite emitir y recibir mensajes de forma instantnea, rpida y masiva.
El marketing no se ha mantenido indiferente ante los progresos de la
comunicacin y del comercio. El desarrollo de las nuevas tecnologas lleva
consigo avances en este terreno, como es el caso del telemarketing.
El telemarketing hace referencia a una forma de marketing directo, asociado
a los elementos de la telecomunicacin. Es una herramienta de comunicacin
contempornea que trata de conseguir la venta del producto o del servicio.
De esta forma se accede a un mercado sin lmites, tratando de aumentar
las ventas exponencialmente y ofreciendo una atencin personalizada.
El objetivo que se persigue con este manual es que el lector adquiera los
conocimientos tericos y prcticos necesarios para crear listas de distribucin,
captar y fidelizar clientes, etc., utilizando las diversas herramientas infor
mticas como el mailing y las pginas web.

ISBN 978-84-934547-4-6

EDITORIAL

www.ideaspropiaseditorial.com

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