NBSS - RNC Architecture and Functionalities - v0.1

RNC
Architecture & Functionalities
Synchronous Classroom v.01

RSO EFLM
1
5 Feb. 2014
For internal use

RSO - NBSS
2013 Nokia Solutions and Networks. All rights reserved.
Content
RNC Release versions & Mechanics
IPA2800 Platform description and comparison with DX200
Redundancy Types
RNC2600 Block diagram & ATM Switching Functionality
RNC2600 Computer units & Functionality
Radio Resource Management

RNC2600 Hardware plug in units capability & interfaces
WCDMA Protocol & Traffic Flow Scenarios
RNC Preventive Maintenance & Troubleshooting
RNC SW Build Safe-copying & Restoration
For internal use
2

RSO - NBSS
RNC Product Naming
initial
Release version is associated with particular hardware release.

All type of RNCs can be upgradable to capability of higher releases with some H/W and S/W up-gradation.
For internal use
3

RSO - NBSS
Controllers- RNCs
RNC196
RNC 196: First WCDMA

RNC and have 8 step upgradation steps with latest
RU30 SW.
RNC 450
Three capacity steps

150 Mbit/s,
300 Mbit/s
450 Mbit/s
RNC 2600
RNC is built on IPA 2800

platform.
Scalability and flexibility for
network evolution.
2000 Mbps in download,
600Mbps upload
mcRNC
Highly scalable & compact.

Data capacity upto
50 Gbps.
(Iub interface throughput )
Up to ~30,000 cells.
Scalable : 2-8 modules
For internal use

4

RSO - NBSS
Mechanics
M2000
M80 & M90
MSC, HLR
M98 (M98N,
M98F, M98F2,
M98A)
MSCi, HLRi, Transit MSCi, MSS, SGSN, BSC3i, TCSM3
M2000
RNC 196, RNC 450, RNC 2600
ATCA
ATCA MSS, ATCA SGSN, Flexi NS

(Advanced Telecommunications Computing Architecture)
Box HW
ATCA
Box
mcBSC, mc RNC
For internal use

Dept. / Author / Date
RSO - NBSS
IPA2800
Modular
IPA2800 is a SW and HW
Platform for Network
Elements
Refers to the design of any system composed of

separate components that can be connected
together.
Independent smaller parts (modules) and use them in
different systems to drive multiple functionalities.
The opposite of a modular architecture is
an integrated architecture, in which no clear divisions
exist between components
IPA2800 is Modular,
Scalable and Redundant
Personal Computers ( PCs) are classic example of a modular

system . Processors, main boards, graphics cards, hard drives, power
supply units, optical drives, etc are independent units assembled to get
a compelte system
For internal use
6

RSO - NBSS
IPA2800
Scalable
IPA2800 is a SW and HW
Platform for Network
Elements
Refers to how well a hardware or software system can

adapt to increased demands.
IPA2800 is Modular, Scalable
Redundant
and Redundant
N+1 Principle:
Units which are used in call setup and not critical for calls in
progress.
2N Principle:
Units which are critical for calls in progress
SN+ Principle:
Units can have load sharing mode.
For internal use

7

RSO - NBSS
IPA2800 Basic Principle

Network Interface
Switching
Load sharing based on

functional distribution
Subscri
ber
lines
Network of independent
computers
Trunk
circuit lines
Operation and
maintenance
High speed Ethernet

connectivity for intercomputer communications
Fault tolerance achieved by
hardware redundancy
Control Part
For internal use
8

RSO - NBSS
Platform : IPA2800 (RNC) vs. DX200 (BSC) Hardware Platform
Mechanics Type
IPA2800 M2000 & Box HW

DX200 M92, M98 & Box HW
System Internal
Communication
IPA2800 - ATM
DX200 MB & LAPD
Hardware
Management
System
IPA2800 - HMS
DX200 Wired Alarms
Improved & new hardware for computing & processing to adapt with new interfaces.
In an IPA2800 network element, each functional unit usually consists of one plug-in
unit, which has a fixed capacity.
For internal
use new system communication and advanced applications.
Compatible
with
RSO - NBSS
Platform : IPA2800 (RNC) vs. DX200 (BSC) Computing & Swithching

Platform
Basic Switching
Technology
Computing
IPA2800 ATM
DX200 TDM
IPA2800 Improved POSIX
DX200 POSIX
Both Platform support some common features:

Distributed Processing Architecture
Modularity
Common Hardware
Modular Software
Fault Tolerance
For internal use
10

RSO - NBSS
Computer System
For internal use

11

RSO - NBSS
Redundancy Types
Used in the RNC
2N
N+1/R
Redundancy
Types
N+1
N+1/L
No Redundancy
For internal use

12

RSO - NBSS
Redundancy principles : 2N
Active
Faulty
Hot Standby
Active
Spared unit is ready to take over the action all the

time. - SFU, RSMU, TBU, NPGEP etc.
For internal use
13

RSO - NBSS
Redundancy principles : N+1/Replaceable
Active
Active
Active
Active
Active
Faulty
Active
Active
Active
Stand by
Stand by
Active
In case of failure, information of WO unit must be loaded into the SP one before SP starting the
operation- ICSU
For internal use
14

RSO - NBSS
Redundancy principles : SN+ or N+1/Load sharing
33%
25%
Active
25%
Active
Active
0%
Active
Active
Faulty
33%
25%
Active
Active
Active
33%
25%
Active
Active
Active
The same as n+1, but the redundant unit is used to shared the load of each WO unit.
i.e. DMCU in RNC
For internal use
15

RSO - NBSS
Sub rack, Rack,

Cabinet, Functional
unit, PIUs, Cards.....
??
For internal use

16
RSO - NBSS
Mechanics
C A R TR I D G E
SIDE COVER
PLATE - SCP
OR
EMC GASKET
FRAME
1/ 2
1/ 1
POWER SUPPLY
CONNECTOR GROUP
COVER FOR
POWER SUPPLY
FILTER
FUSE UNIT
(PDFU)
CARTRIDGE
1/ 3
1/ 4
1/ 6
DOOR RIGHT
P L U G - IN U N IT
DX 200
RAIL FOR
SHELVES
DOOR LEFT
RA C K
CARTRIDGE
SHELF
CABLE
SUPPORT
VERTICAL
GROUNDING
BAR
HORIZONTAL
GROUNDING
BAR
ADJUSTABLE FEET
WHEEL
COVER FOR WHEEL BOX
Racks can be equipped with four or five shelves on which the cartridges are laid
Cartridge sizes 1/1, 2/3, 1/2, 1/3, 1/4 or 1/6 of the shelf width
Cartridge has typically its own power supply
For internal use
17

RSO - NBSS
Mechanics (M2000)
Cabinet mechanics for indoor use
Cabinet contains 4 subracks, 4 fan trays,
and power distribution equipment
EMC shielding at subrack level rather
than at cabinet level
Front and back cabling
Based on metric dimensioning (IEC/ETSI)
Old hardware mechanics (prior to A5):
IC186-B
Indoor Cabinet, 1800*600*600 mm
SRA1 Subrack, ATM, type 1
FTRA Fan Tray
New hardware mechanics (A5HW):
EC216 Equipment Cabinet, 2100*600*600 mm
FTRA-B Fan Tray 1200W
For internal use

18

RSO - NBSS
Generic Block Diagram of IPA2800

IPGO/GE
STM-1
TDM
IWS1E/T
E1/T1/JT1
ATM
Computing
Platform
NIP1
E1/T1/JT1
TDM
IPFE
Ethernet
100M
NIS1
STM-1/VC-4 STM1/VC-3
ATM
NPGE
Ethernet
1G
NPS1
ATM
MXU
NIWU
SFU
Ethernet
CU*
A2SU
CU*
CU*
100Base-TX
MXU
MXU
CU*
OMS
Ethernet
100Base-TX
For internal use
19
SWU
SPU*
OMU
FDU
Ethernet
1G
TBU
WDU

RSO - NBSS
Switching
Platform
Generic Functional Architecture of IPA2800

ATM E1/T1/JT1
1.5-2 Mbit/s
NIP1
TDM STM-1
155 Mbit/s
Switching Functions
lower traffic
capacity
IWS1E
IWS1T
MXU
Interface Functions
ATM STM-1
155 Mbit/s
higher traffic
capacity
TDM E1/T1/JT1
1.5-2 Mbit/s
TBU
For internal use

20
ISU
/ICSU
Signaling
RSMU
/CACU
Resource
mangement
Ethernet
1G (optical/
electric)
Ethernet
100M
MXU
DMCU
/TCU
System Functions
IPGO/GE
NPGE
IPFE
A2SU
Signal Processing
NIS1
NPS1
SFU
NIWU
Control Functions
OMU
FDU
SWU
Ethernet
10/100 Mbit/s
OMS
WDU

RSO - NBSS
Looks COMPLEX
& COMPLICATED ?
Actually it is NOT
21
5 Feb. 2014
For internal use

RSO - NBSS
ATM VCI & VPI
22
5 Feb. 2014
For internal use

RSO - NBSS
ATM VCI & VPI
23
5 Feb. 2014
For internal use

RSO - NBSS
Switching
1.
2.
Well, that requires a input and output device,

The transportation of information from an incoming logical channel
to an outgoing logical channel
VCI : Virtual channel identifier

VPI : Virtual path identifier
Outputs
Inputs
VCI/VPIs
Physical Ports
VCI/VPIs
24
5 Feb. 2014
For internal use

RSO - NBSS
Switching
1.
Well, that requires a input and output device Ethernet / STM-1 / E1 connectivity
VCI : Virtual channel identifier

VPI : Virtual path identifier
Outputs
Inputs
VCI/VPIs
VCI/VPIs
Physical Ports
25
5 Feb. 2014
For internal use

RSO - NBSS
Switching
1. Well, that requires a input and output device - Ethernet / STM-1 / E1 connectivity
2. Input and output alone will not work right ? We need a switch to connect these two.
And here we call it as
SFU Switch fabric unit

SFU
Outputs
Inputs
VCI/VPIs
26
5 Feb. 2014
For internal use

RSO - NBSS
VCI/VPIs
Switching
1. Well, that requires a input and output device - Ethernet / STM-1 / E1 connectivity
2. We need a switch to connect these two, and here we call it as Switch Fabric Unit SFU.
SFU
Outputs
Inputs
VCI/VPIs
27
5 Feb. 2014
For internal use

RSO - NBSS
VCI/VPIs
Switching
We need a switch to connect these two, and here we call it as Switch Fabric Unit SFU.
We all know that a switch wont
We need somebody to
work
independently
Outputs
Inputs
VCI/VPIs
28
5 Feb. 2014
Operate\Control it
For internal use

RSO - NBSS
SFU
VCI/VPIs
Switching
We need a switch to connect these two, and here we call it as Switch Fabric Unit SFU.
RSMU
Outputs
Inputs
VCI/VPIs
SFU
VCI/VPIs
RSMU
29
5 Feb. 2014
For internal use

RSO - NBSS
Lets review the BASIC functionalities of a BSC

1. Switching
Input device
SFU
Output device
switch
Switching platform
RSMU
Controlling\
computing unit
30
5 Feb. 2014
For internal use

RSO - NBSS
Computing
platform
Switching
Circuit Switching
Guaranteed Capacity
Constant Transmission Delay
Packet Switching
Flexibility
Efficiency for Intermittent traffic
ATM
Switching
31
5 Feb. 2014
For internal use

RSO - NBSS
ATM Switching Functionality
Circuit Switching
ATM
Switching
32
5 Feb. 2014
For internal use

RSO - NBSS
Switching
Packet Switching
Guaranteed Capacity
Constant Transmission Delay
Flexibility
Queuing
Efficiency for Intermittent traffic
ATM
Time
Switching
space switch
Functionality
ATM Switching
ATM
Switching
x
MXU
3
Line change
Switching
SFU
MXU
Queuing
Time Slot
change
y
n
Time Stage
Space Stage
Any Inputs can be connected to any output.

Both time slot & lines can be switched.
33
5 Feb. 2014
For internal use

RSO - NBSS
MXU
Time space switch
Cell x
1
3
Line change
VC / VP
change
Cell y
Time Stage
Space Stage
ATM Switching :
Time slot is replaced with
Virtual Connections / Ports
Any Inputs can be connected to any output.

Both virtual connections & ports can be switched.
In ATM technology, it is easier to design switching devices with high capacity and low delay.
For internal use
34

RSO - NBSS
ATM
Switching
Switching
35
5 Feb. 2014
For internal use

RSO - NBSS
Queuing
Queuing
FIFO
First in First out
Who comes earlier
leaves earlier
36
5 Feb. 2014
For internal use

RSO - NBSS
The number of input staying in the system including the ones being under
service. The service discipline determines the rule according to the next
input is selected. The most commonly used laws are :
LIFO
Last in First out
Who comes later
leaves earlier
RS
Random service
Input is selected
randomly
PRIORITY
Customized
Preferences
Input is selected
as per the priority
settings
ATM Switching
ATM Switching
Ports
Comp
uter /
Proce
ssing
Units
Via MXU
MXU
Extern
al
Interfa
ce
Units
SFU
MXU
Via MXU
Comp
uter /
Proce
ssing
Units
SFU
For internal use

37

RSO - NBSS
NPS1
/
NPGE
Generic Block Diagram of IPA2800

IPGO/GE
STM-1
TDM
IWS1E/T
E1/T1/JT1
ATM
Computing
Platform
NIP1
E1/T1/JT1
TDM
IPFE
Ethernet
100M
NIS1
ATM
NPGE
Ethernet
1G
NPS1
ATM
MXU
NIWU
SFU
Ethernet
CU*
A2SU
CU*
CU*
100Base-TX
MXU
MXU
CU*
OMS
Ethernet
100Base-TX
For internal use
38
SWU
SPU*
OMU
FDU
Ethernet
1G
TBU
WDU

RSO - NBSS
Switching
Platform
SFU Switching Fabric Unit

Switching Fabric Unit (SFU) are required for switching
both circuit and packet-switched data channels.
Also used for connecting signalling channels and for the
system's internal communication.
Provides redundant, fully accessible and non-blocking
connection at ATM level.
With a total of 32 ports, the
Ports
Com
puter
/
Proc
essin
g
Units
Com
puter
/
Proc
essin
g
Units
39
5 Feb. 2014
Exter
nal
Interf
ace
Units
Via MXU
Via MXU
SFU
For internal use

RSO - NBSS
SF20H provides a 1.655 Gbit/s

serial switching fabric interface
with single port.
Ports can be combined for
higher capacity ports.
The port redundancy of the
ports is implemented by
mirroring two fabric ports
together
Test
Purposes
SF20H
MXU Multiplexer Unit

Multiplexes/de-multiplexes traffic from tributary units to
the ATM switching fabric vice versa.
Enable connection of the low-to-medium bit-rate signal
processing units and computer units, as well as low-bitrate network interface units, to the ATM switch fabric.
Ports
Trib
utar
y
Unit
s
.
Trib
utar
y
Unit
s
Exter
nal
Interf
ace
Units
<160
Mbps
M
XU
Netw
ork
Proc
esso
r
1.65
Gbps
SFU
Test
Purposes
The port redundancy

of the ports is
implemented by
mirroring two fabric
ports together
MX1G6-/A
20
Note : The MXU does not support traffic concentration, that the total capacity of tributary units connected to one MXU (pair) must be less than 1.65 Gbit/s.
40
5 Feb. 2014
For internal use

RSO - NBSS
RNC 2600
RNC 2600
STEP-2
RNC 2600
STEP-1
RNC 2600
STEP-3
For internal use

41

RSO - NBSS
RNC 2600 Capacity
For internal use

42

RSO - NBSS
RNC 2600 Units Redundancy Type
For internal use

43

RSO - NBSS
RSMU Resource and Switch Management unit

RSMU
Switch
Management
Functions of the ATM Switch Management

controls and supervises the SFU, MXUs.
Transmission resource management
finds free circuits (hunting), connects and
releases all Connections
Call Connection
Resource
Management
44
5 Feb. 2014
For internal use

RSO - NBSS
Functions of DSP Resource Management

Supervision & management of DMCU.
Management of ATM connections within
DMCU.
Allocation of DSPs & associated
computer resources to different tasks.
Software dowloading of DMCU.
Call Connection:
It also performs the call
connection related
functions according to
requests received from
signalling computer units
(ICSU).
Having ATM interface with
MXU
DMCU Data and Macro Diversity Combining unit

DMCU
L1
Functionalities
Handling of the L1 Functionalities like

WCDMA L1 functionalities
Macro diversity combining
Outer loop Power Control
CDSP & Macro

Diversity
L2
Functionalities
45
5 Feb. 2014
For internal use

RSO - NBSS
Handling of WCDMA L2 Functionalities

WCDMA L2 protocol processing
RLC-U & RLC-C, MAC-C & MAC-D protocol
processing.
Packet data convergence protocol
processing : Header compression
HSPA signal Processing : MAC-SH & EDCH
It uses configurable dynamic

signal processing platform
in which signal processing
tasks can be configured and
altered dynamically for each
DSP.
DSPs and RISC processors of
the unit are automatically
allocated within the RNC
according to the capacity
need.
Encryption, ciphering
related tasks are performed
by DMCU.
It also handles GPRS
Tunneling protocol
termination
Micro Diversity Combining
Transmitted signal
UE
46
Received signals (+noise)
Time and phase

adjustment
WBTS
For internal use

RSO - NBSS
Combined signal (+
residual noise)
Macro Diversity Combining
Active
Set
The aim is to combat fading and

to increase the received signal
strength and signal quality.
WBTS1
Macro Diversity Combining Point
UL
Direction
WBTS2
SRNC
UE
Core Network
WBTS3
DRNC
For internal use

47

RSO - NBSS
OMU
HMS
Houses to
mirrored Hard
disks
Interface for
USB I/O
Controller
Collects
hardwired
alarms within
the RNC
OMU
OMS
Service
Terminal
For internal use

48
Localizes faults
& Initiates
recovery

RSO - NBSS
OMU: Operational and Management Unit

Functions:
- Cellular management
Handles all RNC's crucial upper-level system maintenance functions
Serves as an interface between OMS and the other units of the network element
Maintains radio network configuration and recovery
Houses radio network database and ATM/IP configuration database
Has dedicated storage devices
- Basic maintenance
Hardware configuration management

HMS supervision
Centralised recovery functions
Type: Computer unit with a dedicated storage device unit as a sub-unit

Interfaces of OMU :
49
Ethernet interface to OMS.

SCSI interface for mass memory devices (when not using HDS-C).
Service Terminal Interface.
Hardware management System (HMS) Interface.
5 Feb. 2014
For internal use

RSO - NBSS
ICSU Interface Control and Signalling unit

ICSU
Signalling
Handling of the Signalling part

Signalling protocols to Iu, Iub, and Iur
interfaces.
Handling all layer 3 protocols in RNC like
RANAP, NBAP etc.
Monitoring and recovery of the signalling
links.
Location based
services
Radio Resource
Management
50
5 Feb. 2014
For internal use

RSO - NBSS
Functions of Radio Resource Management

Admission control, Handover control.
Load Control, Power Control
Packet Scheduler control
Allocation of DSPs & associated
computer resources to different tasks.
Location calculations for

location based services.
Transport network level
singalling protocol - ALCAP.
Radio Resource Management

Radio Resource Management (RRM) is responsible for optimal utilization of the air interface resources.
Target for RRM is to ensure the RAN offers:

The planned coverage for each targeted service
High capacity i.e. low blocking (new calls, handovers)
The required Quality of Service (QoS)
Optimize the use of available capacity (priorities)
By continuously monitoring/adjusting how the available resources are used in accordance with user
requests
For internal use

51

RSO - NBSS
RRM Functional Split

RRM is made up of a number of closely interdependent functions (i.e. algorithms)
These functions can be divided into;
Cell Based
LC
- Load Control (LC)

- Admission Control (AC)
PS
RM
AC
- Packet Scheduling (PS)

Cell based functions
- Resource Manager (RM)
PC
Connection Based
- Handover Control (HC)
- Power Control (PC)
HC
Connection based functions
For internal use

52
RRM Functionalities Network Element Level
MS
NodeB
RNC
Power Control
Power Control
Power Control
Load Control
Load Control
Admission Control
Packet Scheduler
Handover Control
For internal use

53
CCP18
Main Control Processor unit in IPA2800 Platform.
ATM connections to other plug-in units. This is done by an
interface to the ATM multiplexer (MXU).
Common H/W platform for RSMU, ICSU & OMU (with
SCSI).
Com
puter
/
Proce
ssing PCI Bus
Units Interfaces
CCP18
-A
USB
1.1
Interf
ace
I/O
Controller
Interfaces
54
5 Feb. 2014
HMS
Mast
er/Sl
ave
Node
For internal use

RSO - NBSS
CCP18-C
CCP18-C :
No SCSI Interface
No HMS Master Node
No USB Interfaces
Up to 16 Ultra
units
2/3
SCSI
Interf
ace
CCP18-A
CCP1D-A
CCP1D-A
Main Control Processor unit in IPA2800 Platform R6.

ATM connections to other plug-in units. This is done by an
interface to the ATM multiplexer (MXU).
Common H/W platform for RSMU, ICSU & OMU.
Com
puter
/
Proce
ssing
/
HDS- PCI Bus
Interfaces
C
Units
HMS
Mast
er/Sl
ave
Node
CCP1
D-A
USB
2.0
Interf
ace
Seria
l
Interf
ace
I/O
Controller
Interfaces
55
5 Feb. 2014
For internal use

RSO - NBSS
HDS-B : OMU's Storage Device

- New plug-in unit HDS-B, consist of two
Hard Disk Drive (HDD): One for OMU and
another for OMS
- 73 GB formatted storage capacity/disk
- Redundancy type : 2N
- External devices: USB memory stick, one
for each OMU (for CCP18-A only)
HDS-B
OMS
HDD 0
(OMS)
WDU 0
(OMU)
SCSI 0
SCSI 0
SCSI 1
OMU 0
HD: B
HD: A
HDS-B
56
5 Feb. 2014
HDD 1
(OMS)
WDU 1
(OMU)
HD: B
HD: A
For internal use

RSO - NBSS
HDS-B
Connectivity
Principle
OMU 1
SCSI 1
Operations and Maintenance (O&M)

- Operations and Maintenance (O&M)
Provides the means for operations personnel to maintain the RNC and Radio
Network in optimal condition
- Easy to use Graphical User Interfaces (GIUs) for
Configuration
Fault Management
Performance Management
- Accessible via Local Management System (LMS) or Network Management
System (NMS)
Configuration
Reconfiguration of the RNC
Reconfiguration of the WBTS
Reconfiguration of the Radio Network Parameters
Support for remote software upgrades to the RNC and WBTS
For internal use
57
Operations and Maintenance (O&M)

- Fault Management
- Continuous checking of the network to detect any irregularities in the operation of
the Network Elements
- Identification of faulty units in the RNC and notifying the NMS and recovery
system of the problem
- Isolates the faulty unit/s from the system and places spare units into operation if
they exist
- Fault diagnosis system pinpoints the exact nature of the problem and verifies the
status of the faulty unit and the system as a whole
- Maintains an alarm and events history
- Performance Management
- Continually monitors and collects performance statistics from the network and
network elements
- Provides the ability to set triggers in order to identify possible problem areas in
the network before they become a real problem
For internal use
58
OMS : O&M Server

Performs RNC element management
tasks.
Provide platform for different O&M
applications.
OMS offers adaptation, post processing
& value adding functions between NMS &
RNC.
It provides high availability, security,
flexibility & uses the LINUX operating
system.
Sharing Hard disk drive with OMU through
SCSI Interface.
Communication between OMS & other
RNC units is through Ethernet switch card
(ESA24).
Duplicated SCSI & Ethernet interfaces.
For internal use
59
Network Interface Unit NPS1(P)

-
60
Functions:
Provides 8 SDH STM-1/STM-4 interfaces and an RJ45

connector, and handles multiprotocol packet processing
at wire speed and network connectivity
Maps ATM cells to/from transmission frame structure of
SDH/Sonet.
Performs AAL2 minipacket switching.
Translates ATM header.
Performs UPC/NPC, traffic management, performance
management and performance data collection.
Provides optional reference clock for timing and
synchronisation.
Redundancy type: NONE or 2N
Plugin unit type
NP8S1, NP8S1-A, NP8S1-B (two slots wide)
5 Feb. 2014
For internal use

RSO - NBSS
Network Interface Unit NPGE(P)

-
Functions:
Redundancy type: NONE or 2N

Plugin unit type
61
Provides Ethernet interfaces and handles multiprotocol packet

processing at wire speed.
Two 1000Base-LX/T (optical or electrical) Gigabit Ethernet
interfaces and two 10/100 Base-T (electrical) Fast Ethernet
interfaces
Maps IP packet to/from transmission frame structure of
Ethernet.
Translates IP header.
Performs traffic management, performance management and
performance data collection.
Terminates GTP protocol when used at Iu-PS.
5 Feb. 2014
NP2GE, NP2GE-A, NP2GE-B

For internal use
RSO - NBSS
RNC2600 - Physical Interfaces
The physical network interfaces provide the means to connect to external

elements and execute
Physical layer functions
ATM layer functions
- Policing
- Statistics
- O&M
- Buffer management
- Scheduling
If IP transport QoS is used the O&M statistics are handled at IP level and the IP
packets then mapped to the Ethernet frames
One network interface unit may include more than one physical interface
depending on the type
Any interface unit can be configured as an Iu, Iub or Iur interface
In addition to the network interfaces, synchronisation and Local Area Network
(LAN) interfaces are also provided
For internal use
62
RNC2600 - Physical Interfaces
STM-1 / OC-3
- The NPS1 or NPS1P functional unit offers ATM over SDH/Sonet interfaces
The NPS1P offers MSP 1+1 and APS 1+1 protection
- Plug in unit type is NP8S1-B for both NPS1 and NPS1P
- Each plug in unit contains 8 x SDH STM-1/Sonet OC-3 optical interfaces
Gigabit Ethernet
- The NPGE or NPGEP functional unit offers IP over Ethernet interfaces
The NPGEP supports 2N redundancy
- Plug in unit type is NP2GE for both NPGE and NPGEP
For internal use

63
RNC2600 - Capacity licensing

The RNC2600 capacity licensing allows for capacity configurations based upon
the actual RNC2600 traffic
This allows for cost efficient usage of the RNC2600 resources in different
networks
Capacity is licensed using three capacity parameters
Iub PS data throughput in Mbps
AMR capacity in Erlang
Number of required carriers
The license keys are required to be installed in the RNC2600
The initial RNC2600 capacity is defined when ordering the RNC2600
The corresponding license file will be delivered with the RNC2600
RNC2600 capacity upgrades can be performed by ordering new capacity license
files and activating them via
NetAct
Local Element Manager
For internal use

64
RNC2600 - Capacity licensing

Capacity can only be upgraded to a level supported by the hardware that is
already available in the RNC2600
The hardware requirements of certain features may affect the overall capacity
capability of the RNC2600
The capacity figures are calculated without considering any of the optional
features
For internal use

65
RNC2600 - Power Redundancy
Power to the RNC2600 is protected by a duplicated power supply feed from the rectifier/s
and Battery/ies
At cabinet level the duplicated power is distributed via MCBs to each sub rack in the
same cabinet
At sub rack level each duplicated power feed is received by the PD30 unit that
distributes 4 duplicated 5A power feed lines to the plug in units via the backplanes
For internal use

66
RNC2600 - Forced Cooling System Redundancy

Each sub rack and fan tray is connected to separate thermal circuits
A failure in one cooling system does not affect the cooling system for other
sub racks
The Fan trays are supervised by the PD30 supervisory block in each sub
rack
In case of a single fan unit failure the remaining fans are switched to full
rotational speed in order to maintain sufficient cooling under the specified
environmental conditions
For internal use

67
Timing and Synchronisation - Line Timing
RNAC
NPS1P 0/
NPS1 0
The Synchronisation unit has 5

interface inputs available
The synchronisation unit
inputs are connected via
cable to 3 selected
network interface units
(NPS1 or NPS1P)
Two External interfaces
can also be provided.
The synchronised timing signal is
then delivered to the other timing
units and then distributed to all
the other RNC2600 plug in units
Line timing is also supported on
E1/T1 interfaces
RNBC
0
0
TSS3 0
TBUF
0
Subrack 1
NPS1P 1/
NPS1 1
TBUF
TBUF
TBUF
Subrack 2
TSS3 1
NPS1P 2/
NPS1 2
1
1
TBUF
TBUF
TBUF
TBUF
TBUF
Subrack 3
TBUF
Bus 0
term.
TBUF
Bus 0
term.
Subrack 4
TBUF
Timing signal distribution can also be provided in star topology.
Bus 1
term.
For internal use

68
1
TBUF
TBUF
Bus 1
term.
Traffic Flow
Permanent signalling links
ATM Iub/Iu/Iur
NIU - NPS1(P)
ICSU
IP Iub/Iu/Iur
NIU - NPGE(P)
DMCU
SFU
RSMU
SWU
ICSU
OMU
DMCU
OMS
TBU
EHU
HDD
PDU
WDU
Standalone or Integrated
For internal use
69
Traffic Flow
Common control channel
ATM Iub
NIU - NPS1(P)
ICSU
NIU - NPGE(P)
IP Iub
DMCU
SFU
RSMU
SWU
ICSU
OMU
DMCU
OMS
TBU
EHU
HDD
PDU
WDU
For internal use
70
Example of Traffic Flow

Dedicated control channel
NIU - NPS1(P)
ATM Iub
ICSU
NIU - NPGE(P)
IP Iub
DMCU
SFU
RSMU
SWU
ICSU
OMU
DMCU
OMS
TBU
EHU
HDD
PDU
WDU
For internal use
71
Traffic Flow
CS user data
NIU - NPS1(P)
ATM Iub
ICSU
NIU - NPGE(P)
IP Iu-CS
DMCU
SFU
RSMU
SWU
ICSU
OMU
DMCU
OMS
TBU
EHU
HDD
PDU
WDU
For internal use
72
Traffic Flow
PS user data over DCH
NIU - NPS1(P)
ATM Iub
ICSU
NIU - NPGE(P)
IP Iu-PS
DMCU
SFU
RSMU
SWU
ICSU
OMU
DMCU
OMS
TBU
EHU
HDD
PDU
WDU
For internal use
73
Traffic Flow
PS user data over FACH/RACH
NIU - NPS1(P)
ATM Iub
ICSU
NIU - NPGE(P)
IP Iu-PS
DMCU
SFU
RSMU
SWU
ICSU
OMU
DMCU
OMS
TBU
EHU
HDD
PDU
WDU
For internal use
74
Traffic Flow
HSPA user data
NIU - NPS1(P)
ATM Iub
ICSU
NIU - NPGE(P)
IP Iu-PS
DMCU
SFU
RSMU
SWU
ICSU
OMU
DMCU
OMS
TBU
EHU
HDD
PDU
WDU
For internal use
75
RNC Preventive Maintenance & Trobleshooting

Prm, Alarm handling, Health Check & ST
76
5 Feb. 2014
For internal use

RSO - NBSS
System Maintenance
Mechanisms to guarantee high availability and required performance in fault

situations
Maintenance tasks
preventive maintenance
fault control
fault correction
For internal use

77
System Maintenance Principles
Fault
Detection
Recovery
system
Alarm
system
Supervision
system
Alarm
message
Failure
Alarm
printouts
Activation
of
recovery
Fault
elimination
Fault location
system
Activation
of fault
location
Updating of
failure
information
HW supervision
SW supervision
Real time supervision
Alarms collection
Uses redundancy/restarts
Alarm storage
Controls restarts
Output alarms
Starts Automatic fault
Control alarm output
location
Startup recovery
Informing about an alarm
Locates fault
Uses HW config data
Provides alarm printout
and LED alarms
For internal use

78
Fault
elimination

RSO - NBSS
Alarms Classification
- The alarms arriving in the Network can be divided into various classes
depending upon the criterion chosen.
a. Network Element Environment
Alarms division in Mobile
Communication System is based
on:
b. Network Architecture
c. Severity of Alarm
d. Network Service Alarms
For internal use

79
Types of alarms:
Network Element Environment
Network Element Environment
i. External Alarm
ii. Internal Alarms
These alarms are not caused by Network Element itself.

They can effect the operation of Network Element in many ways.
External alarms can be configured on a Network Element in
accordance with the Network Provider preferences and requirements.
Example:
7415 ***
On_air_N
PROP_82110B
;; ; ;
PLMN-PLMN/RNC-1017/WBTS-33917
EXTERNAL AL 15
Started 2007-03-06 10:36:17
Notif ID 20465
Suppl Info Mains Break
Object 82110B
Ctrl NE RNOREBR2
EQUIPMENT
Orebro
On_air_N
These alarms are generated by the Network Element itself.

These alarms represent some malfunction in the operation of
Network Element.
Both HW and SW alarms come under this category.
Example:
7653 ***
On_air_S
25154A
RNJONKP1 IF15/P2
PLMN-PLMN/RNC-1011/WBTS-16027/WCEL-2016029
CELL FAULTY
Started 2007-03-06 08:27:59
Notif ID 9373
Suppl Info Cell power monitoring
User info
Diag Info 02 03 03 0125WPAJ 03 00
Object 25154A3
EQUIPMENT
Ctrl NE RNJONKP1
Jonkoping
On_air_S
For internal use

80
Types of alarms:
Severity of the Alarm
Severity of Alarm
Notice Alarms
These alarms only inform about an event giving information about the situation in the Network
Element. For example the user is informed of a unit state change by a notice.
Disturbance Alarms
Disturbance alarms are used for informing about temporary disturbance situations that means
informing about a short failure event that does not have any permanent effect on service.
Minor Alarms
Minor alarms ( one star alarms) give information to help the operator to decide that measures
should be taken to remove the alarm.
Major Alarms
Major alarms ( two stars alarms) dont threaten the operation of the system; the fault
requires operator action during normal working hours.
Critical Alarms
Critical alarms (
three stars alarms) require immediate FM group action at all times.
For internal use

81
Alarms Classes and Numbers

MML: command class "A
Alarm Number
Notice
Disturbance
Alarm
Diagnostic
External 4000-5999
BTS
0-999
1000-1999
2000-3999
3700-3999
OMS
70001-71999
Alarm Classes
Notice
Disturbance
Alarm *
Alarm **
Alarm ***
7000-7999
For internal use

82
Alarm system in NSN RAN Equipment

1. Alarm blocking:
2. Alarm canceling:
3. Alarm history:
block incoming alarm & alarm printing to avoid excessive repetitive

alarms, use "AF"
can by done by system or user (except external alarm that user
must do it), use "AA"
- in WDU / Hard disk of OMU
- use "AH"
4. Operation instructions: - extra info in alarm printout, e.g.. Who takes care of
this alarm
- use "AO"
5. External alarm:
- use "AQ : External alarm connections handling

- e.g.. Room temperature
For internal use

83
Alarm system in NSN RAN Equipment

Alarm Handling
Alarm Printing Handling <AT
operator can define what alarm printout to be printed in a certain
equipment
printing time of active alarm can be set up to 3 times a day
Alarm History <AH
No matter which alarm is printed, all alarms will be stored in alarm history
in a ring buffer system, except for those alarm that are block by <AB
For internal use

84
Alarm System
Structure of the alarm
2. Consecutive
alarm number
6. Event
type
3. Exchange
COMM communication failure

QUAL quality of service
PROCES processing failure
EQUIPM equipment failure
ENVIR environmental failure
7. Recovery Info
*RCY* - send to system, if
requires recovery action to
perform
4. Remote Object
8. Date
1. Type of
alarm printout
9. Time
12. Alarm Object
10. Urgency level
Alarm Text
*** requires immediate actions

** requires actions during working
hours
* no actions required
11. Printout type
ALARM fault situation
CANCEL fault terminated
DISTUR disturbance
NOTICE notice
Supplementary text
Supplementary text
Supplementary information fields
Supplementary information fields
17. Computer
Sending the Alarm
14. Alarm number
18 to 23 : Provide diff. Info

like flow control etc.
13. RNW Object Name
16. Program Block :

Related to alarm
Example:
HST
..
(19437)
CANCEL
7654
OBH_QX
For internal use

85
NBSS01
EQUIPM
2014-01-25
WBTS-1402 WCEL-14028
U_KAN_Nirmalagi
CELL OPERATION DEGRADED
OMU-0
64 0B 64 2010FRGP 01 00
Failure in optical RP3 interface
21:14:15.00
expressed either as a
single object or in the
form of an object
hierarchy. WBTS WCEL
etc.
5. Location of Alarm
Object
a. Rack
b. Shelf
c. Plug-in unit location
d. Plug-in unit type
e. Unit
f. Subunit
NSN Definition of Maintenance procedures

Preventive Maintenance
Maintenance
Provide regular maintenance to the RNC in order to

reduce the possibility of failures or decreasing of
performance
Corrective Maintenance
The activity in order to rectify or solve faults
happened in the network. This usually carried out
after a trouble shooting procedure.
Troubleshooting
Detecting, tracing and analysing the mistakes
of fault in the system networks
For internal use

86

RSO - NBSS
Preventive Maintenance
Daily HC
Comp unit status
Status of all links
Signaling load
Unit status
SYNC Status
Disc unit status
Active alarms
Blocked alarms
Monthly PrM
Pre festival
Physical visit
External Power supply
Environmental conditions
TXN redundancy
Unit working status

Processor load
Status of links
Load distribution
Service affecting alarms
Call handling parameters &
timers.
Half Yearly
Unit diagnostician
Unit Switchover
Pre festival and Half yearly activities are Major activities

severity level thus CH permission to be obtained
before carrying out the activities.
For internal use
87

RSO - NBSS
RNC health Check report
Comp unit State
Software consistency
Unavailable
Signaling Links
SW and CD level
RNC Synch and Control word value
Hard Disk State
Alarm Status
Blocked
Command
calendar
Measurement status
For internal use

88

RSO - NBSS
Functional unit states
For internal use

89

RSO - NBSS
RNC Synchronization Handling : DYI
CURRENT OPERATION MODE OF ACTIVE SYSTEM CLOCK IS:

SYNCHRONIZED
CURRENT VALUE OF CONTROL WORD OF SYSTEM CLOCK OSCILLATORS ARE:
ACTIVE:
2066
SPARE:
1886
SITUATION OF EXTERNAL OUTPUT SQUELCHING:
DISABLED
SITUATION OF REVERTIVE SWITCHING:
ENABLED
SITUATION OF SPECIAL CONFIGURATION:
DISABLED
SSM VALUES USED DURING REFERENCE SELECTION:
YES
For internal use

90

RSO - NBSS
State changes in computer

No redundancy
Ex: OMS in RNC

SE-NH
SE-OU
TE-EX
WO-RE
For internal use

91

RSO - NBSS
WO-EX

2N redundancy
Ex: RSMU in RNC
SP-UP
SE-NH
SP-RE
SP-EX
WO-RE
WO-EX
TE-EX
SE-OU
For internal use

92

RSO - NBSS

N+1/R redundancy
Ex: ICSU in RNC
SE-NH
SP-RE
SP-EX
WO-RE
WO-EX
TE-EX
SE-OU
For internal use

93

RSO - NBSS
SP-UP
Unit State Handling in MML

WORKING STATE AND RESTART HANDLING COMMAND <US_>
< ZUSI;
LOADING PROGRAM VERSION 6.12-0
WORKING STATES OF UNITS
UNIT
OMU-0
OMU-1
MXU-0
MXU-1
...
DMCU-0
DMCU-1
...
PHYS
0000H
0001H
0017H
001CH
>
>
LOG
4002H
4002H
4242H
4242H
2010-02-24
STATE
WO-EX
SE-NH
WO-EX
SP-EX
INFO
-
WO-EX
WO-EX
12:45:26
COMMAND EXECUTED
For internal use

94
Interrogation of Child Unit States

WORKING STATE AND RESTART HANDLING COMMAND <US_>
< USI:DMCU,0::FULL;
LOADING PROGRAM VERSION 6.12-0
WORKING STATES OF UNITS
UNIT
DMCU-0
DMPG-0
DSP-0
DSP-1
DMPG-1
DSP-2
DSP-3
...
PHYS
000CH
0010H
2010-02-25
10:49:13
LOG
STATE INFO
WO-EX 4470H WO-EX WO-EX WO-EX 4471H WO-EX WO-EX WO-EX -
For internal use

95
Disk Handling
Two main choices to interrogate disks and copy info:
- MML
Interrogation Command IW
Copying Command IBC
- Service terminal
Interrogation/Copying with MASHAN
For internal use

96
MASHAN
0000-MAS> X:W0-/;
Interrogation
VOLUME DIRECTORY .DIR

CREATED 89-01-01 LAST WRITE 89-01-01
DIRECTORY OF /
CREATED 89-01-01 LAST WRITE 89-01-01
NUM NAME
EXT VER DATA SIZE CREATED
YY-MM-DD
0001 DISK
.DATA:01 FFFFFE00 97-12-11
0002 DISK
.TEST:01 FFFFFE00 97-12-11
0003 SECTORS
.MAP :01 FFFFFE00 97-12-11
0004 SECTORS
.BAK :01 FFFFFE00 97-12-11
0007 080110
.dir :01 00000000 10-01-18
0008 121009
.dir :01 00000000 09-10-12
TOTAL
FFFFF800
LISTED LABELS
LAST MOD
YY-MM-DD
97-12-11
97-12-11
97-12-11
97-12-11
10-01-18
09-10-12
ATTR
DW
DW
DW
DW
D
D
00000045
DISK SIZE 08376D74H BLOCKS
Copying
MAS> M:W0-ABCDEF.ABC:2,F0-FEDCBA.CBA;
ABCDEF.ABC:
0010H BLOCKS COPIED
For internal use

97
Show Software Package Information

MMI command
< ZWQO:CR;
Printout Description
PACKAGES CREATED IN OMU:

SW-PACKAGE
STATUS
DIRECTORY
ENVIRONMENT
PACKAGE-ID (REP-ID) DELIVERY
CD-ID
RNCHOT
FB
RNCHOT
C2 7.15-1
Build_Name
ACT
Q1 1.24-0
CID000QX 1.1-0
Q1012400
BU
Q1012400
C2 7.15-1
Q1 1.24-0
CID000QX 1.1-0
FB010726
UT
FB010726
C2 7.15-1
Q1 1.24-0
CID000QX 1.1-0
TRAINING
UT
TRAINING
C2 7.15-1
Q1 1.24-0
CID000QX 1.1-0
TEST
UT
TEST
C2 7.15-1
Q1 1.24-0
CID000QX 1.1-0
For internal use

98
Build_Dir
DEF
Statuses of Created SW Build
Fallback copy ZWKS...
FB
Switch active package ZWSS...
BU
Rollback statuses ZWSR
Change
of status
ZWSC...
Rollback
statuses
ZWSR
UT
Change of status ZWSC...
UT
UT
NW
Switch active package ZWSS...
Rollback statuses ZWSR
Fallback copy with parameter "FULL" ZWKS...
For internal use

99
...
Safecopying Recommendations
Take fallbacks during low traffic, e.g. at night

Avoid database updates or other changes during the fallback copying
Check recent FB build prior major changes in soft- or hardware
Take safecopies and backups systematically, the system generates an alarms (2518) if fallback
is too old
Note that automatic fallback via command calendar assumes that the network element is stable
Have initialized hard disks available
Train at least two persons to take safecopies, backups and to restore SW build from fallback or
backup
Note command calendar files are not copied to Fallback build
For internal use

100
Verify Fallback Build

ZWKP...
DISPLAY FALLBACK LOGFILE
-> displays phases, files and errors of the fallback process

ZWQB ...
VERIFY SOFTWARE PACKAGE
-> verifies that SW build corresponds to the MAFILE

Related Alarms concerning Fallback build:
-
Notice 0027 displays the state of the fallback copying during the process
Alarm 2393 "Fallback copying terminated in error"
Alarm 2394 "Error in finishing fallback copying"
Alarm 2518 "No valid fallback copy for default package"
For internal use

101
Backup Copying FB Build to Optical Disk or USB Stick

IWY:S:UNIT=OMU,PATH=/FB080801,DRIVE=WDU-S,;
-> define Source directory
WDU-S
MMI
commands
IWL::F0,NODEF::FB080801:;
-> create destination directory on FDU
FB_build
IWY:D:UNIT=OMU,PATH=/FB080801,DRIVE=FDU-N0,;
-> define Destination directory
IBC:,,%,%,,,,,,DIR::;
-> copy all files and directories
/
FDU-N0
FB_build
For internal use

102
COPYING IPA2800 OMU WDU-S: --> IPA2800 OMU FDU-0:

NODEF:FB080801/ --> NODEF:FB080801/
.
.
.
SUCCEEDED
:
1287
Example for a successful printout !
FAILED
:
0
TOTAL
: 131212976 BYTES
Whole FB_build Backup takes about 15 minutes !

Thank You
For internal use
103

NBSS - RNC Architecture and Functionalities - v0.1

Transféré par

Informations du document

Titre original

Copyright

Formats disponibles

Partager ce document

Partager ou intégrer le document

Options de partage

Avez-vous trouvé ce document utile ?

Ce contenu est-il inapproprié ?

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

NBSS - RNC Architecture and Functionalities - v0.1

Transféré par

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

RNC

Architecture & Functionalities

Synchronous Classroom v.01

For internal use

2013 Nokia Solutions and Networks. All rights reserved.

Radio Resource Management

2013 Nokia Solutions and Networks. All rights reserved.

RNC Product Naming

Release version is associated with particular hardware release.

2013 Nokia Solutions and Networks. All rights reserved.

RNC 196: First WCDMA

Three capacity steps

RNC is built on IPA 2800

Highly scalable & compact.

For internal use

2013 Nokia Solutions and Networks. All rights reserved.

M80 & M90

MSCi, HLRi, Transit MSCi, MSS, SGSN, BSC3i, TCSM3

RNC 196, RNC 450, RNC 2600

ATCA MSS, ATCA SGSN, Flexi NS

For internal use

Dept. / Author / Date

Refers to the design of any system composed of

Personal Computers ( PCs) are classic example of a modular

2013 Nokia Solutions and Networks. All rights reserved.

Refers to how well a hardware or software system can

IPA2800 is Modular, Scalable

For internal use

2013 Nokia Solutions and Networks. All rights reserved.

IPA2800 Basic Principle

Load sharing based on

High speed Ethernet

2013 Nokia Solutions and Networks. All rights reserved.

Platform : IPA2800 (RNC) vs. DX200 (BSC) Hardware Platform

IPA2800 M2000 & Box HW

Platform : IPA2800 (RNC) vs. DX200 (BSC) Computing & Swithching

Both Platform support some common features:

2013 Nokia Solutions and Networks. All rights reserved.

For internal use

2013 Nokia Solutions and Networks. All rights reserved.

Used in the RNC

For internal use

2013 Nokia Solutions and Networks. All rights reserved.

Spared unit is ready to take over the action all the

2013 Nokia Solutions and Networks. All rights reserved.

Redundancy principles : N+1/Replaceable

2013 Nokia Solutions and Networks. All rights reserved.

Redundancy principles : SN+ or N+1/Load sharing

2013 Nokia Solutions and Networks. All rights reserved.

Sub rack, Rack,

For internal use

Dept. / Author / Date

COVER FOR WHEEL BOX

2013 Nokia Solutions and Networks. All rights reserved.

For internal use

2013 Nokia Solutions and Networks. All rights reserved.

Generic Block Diagram of IPA2800

2013 Nokia Solutions and Networks. All rights reserved.

Generic Functional Architecture of IPA2800

For internal use

2013 Nokia Solutions and Networks. All rights reserved.

For internal use

2013 Nokia Solutions and Networks. All rights reserved.