Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Materials to be procured or obtained from selected portions of any area of matls sources
such asmentioned aboveshould be known in advance so that the required tests can be made or
arrangement for testing the matls involved may be done to avoid unnecessary delays in const.
due to rejection of unacceptable quality of materials.
2 Handling & Storage of Materials
Handling & storage of delivered construction matls should be carefully & properly planned
to avoid damage & maintain the desired quality. It should be palced or deposited in a safe
place protected from contamination or tha action of weather. The proposed source of matls.
to be used should be accessible to the project.
Conditions for Acceptance of Materials:
a.
b.
c.
No matls shall be incorporated into the work until tested & found satisfactory.
The approval of preliminary samples shall not be considered as a guarantee of acceptance
of all matls. from the same source, as to the quality or quantity of such materials.
Any matls w/c had been sampled & passed as satisfactory may be resampled and
retested anytime before, during & after incorporated into the work.
a.
by the Contractor is prepared by the DPWH. The plan include provisions on how the
work & matls should be inspected & the nature & amount of testing to be done.
Likewise, the DPWH provides a team to monitor the quuality control
activities in the project like : sampling, testing, laboratory procedures, equipment
calibration & quality control reporting.
b.
c.
1.27 mm/minute
2
Free Water
Size of sample of Item 310 taken for each full days operation
6
7
8
9
10
11
5 to 8
3 to 5
5
+ 0.4%
92 to 95%
4
disloading of aggregate
2%
Raveling
steel
Untreated Base is
Prime Coating
Vicat Needle
12
13
14
15
100
concrete
the result CBR
11 bags
0.53
Subgrade
6 mm
16
concrete
except,
End - Dumping
Bellafontaine, Ohio
17
18
19
240 kg/cum
Shrinkage Factor
Materials Engr.
36 Liquid Limit of unsuitable materials
80%
55%
134
Paving
3.8 @ 14 days
9.1 for 40 kgs/bag
76.2 mm (3")
1
CF
1
9.1
0.10989
40
3.10x1000
0.0129
181 - 4.7
9.1x100
176.3
9100
0.01937
0.0129
0.01937
0.03227
0.10989
0.03227
0.07762
= 42 (from Table V)
W
C
181 - 4.7
9.1 x 40
0.48
0.48 - 0.57
(-) 0.09
(0.09 x 1%)
0.05
(-) 1.8
2.77 - 2.75
(+) 0.02
0.02 x 1/2%
0.1
(+) 0.1
37.5
18
2.82
1.6
1.1
1,432
Sibalom River
(-) 3
=
=
(-) 1.8
(+) 0.1
=
=
(-) 3
(-) 4.7
42% - 4.7%
Total Correction:
W/C
FM
For less workable concrete as pavement
Total Correction:
Corrected % of Sand
Cement
Fine Aggregates
Coarse Aggregates
Water
Absolute
Volume
cu.m.
Specific
Gravity
0.01290
0.02895
0.04867
0.01937
3.10
2.49
2.82
1
Unit Weight
Uncorrected
Corrected
of WaterWeight Weight
kg./cu.m. kg.
1000
1000
1000
1000
40
72
137
19
269
ADJUSTMENTS:
CA
Absorption 1.10
MC
0.17
FA
2.46
0.92
CORRECTED WEIGHTS base on the actual MC of coarse and fine aggregates in the jobsite.
1) Uncorrected wt. x [ 1+% free water ]
100
If MC is greater than
the absorption
Corrected Weights:
CA = 137.25x [1 - 1.10 - 0.17] = 137.25 x [1-.0093] = 135.97 kg.
100
FA = 72.09x [ 1-2.46 - 0.92] = 72.09 x [ 1-0.0154] = 70.98 kg.
100
H2o = 19.37 + [H2o req'd. for Abs. (CA)] + [H2o req'd. Abs. (FA)]
H2o = 19.37 + (137.25 - 135.97) + (72.09 - 70.98)
H2o = 19.37 + 1.28+1.11 = 21.76 kg.
4.0
= 0.01290
3.10 x1000
176.3 = 0.01937
91000
Specific
Unit Weight
UncorrectedCorrected
Gravityof Water Weight
Weight
kg./cu.m.
kg.
0.01290
0.02895
0.04867
0.01937
3.10
2.49
2.82
1
1000
1000
1000
1000
40
72.09
137.25
19.37
268.71
ADJUSTMENTS:
Absorption
MC
CA
FA
1.10
0.17
2.46
0.92
CORRECTED WEIGHTS base on the actual MC of coarse and fine aggregates in the jobsite.
1) Uncorrected wt. x [ 1+% free water ]
100
If MC is greater than
the absorption
100
% Free water = moisture content - absorption
% H2o required absorption = absorption - moisture content
Corrected Weights:
CA = 137.25x [1 - 1.10 - 0.17] = 137.25 x [1-.0093] = 135.97 kg.
100
FA = 72.09x [ 1-2.46 - 0.92] = 72.09 x [ 1-0.0154] = 70.98 kg.
100
H2o = 19.37 + [H2o req'd. for Abs. (CA)] + [H2o req'd. Abs. (FA)]
Cement
FA
CA
H2o
Uncorrected
Weights kg.
(SSD Condition)
40
72.09
137.25
Corrected
Weights kg.
(Actual Field Condition)
40
70.98
135.97
19.37
268.7
21.76
268.71
Total Weigh
6"
6"
21"
Beam mold
NOTE:
Condition of aggregates in saturated surface dry
Corrected as often as moisture content of aggregates varies
Corrected for free water or water required for absorption in field mix.
(Uncorrected wt.) x (1-% of free water) or
(Uncorrected wt.) x (1-% of water required for absorption)
100
Uncorrected weight minus total weight of free water or
plus total weight of water required for absorption.
The proportions are for starting mix only. In the course of mixing operations the quality of
of the concrete will be periodically checked as to the following, net water content and cement as per
yield test. If found not meeting the requirements in the Matls Manual, necessary adjustments should
be made before proceeding further to insure uniform quality of concrete throughout the structure.
Table V
APPROXIMATE SAND AND WATER CONTENTS PER CUBIC METER OF CONCRETE
Based on mix having a water - cement ratio of 0.57 by weight 24.7 liters per sack of cement, 76.2
slump and natural sand having a fineness modulus of about 2.75.
For mixes having either proportions, see adjustments below
Maximum ROUND
si
COARS AGGREGATES
ANGULAR COARSE AGGREGATES
of coarse Sand, % of toNet Water
Sand % of toNet Water
aggregates aggregates bcontent per
aggregate b content per
mm. (inch) absolute vol. cubic meter
absolute vol.cubic meter
m3
kg.
liter
m3
kg.
liter
12.7 (1/2)
51
199
199
56
214
214
19.0 (3/4)
25.4 (1)
38.1
(1-1
50.8
(2)
76.2
(3)
152.4 (6)
46
41
37
34
31
26
184
178
166
157
148
131
184
178
166
157
148
131
51
46
42
39
36
31
199
192
181
172
163
146
199
192
181
172
163
146
Effect on values in
Table V
Percent
Net Water
Sand
Content
+1
0
+ 1/2
+ 3%
+ 8.9 kg.
-3
- 4.7 kg.
CONCRETE
Slump - workability/Consistency
Slump Cone Height = 12" (0.30m)
top dia. 4"
bottom dia. 8"
Flexural / Beam :
Transverse Cracks (Prevent):
= 63 blows
= Width not more than 6 mm
= 2 layers
= depth not less than 50 mm
= 3.8 MPa (500 psi) (third - point)
= max. 1.5 mm depth (brooming)
= 4.5 MPa (650 psi) (mid - point)
= 14 days
Compressive /Cylinder:
= 25 blows
rate of loading = w/in 20 - 50 psi / sec.
= 3 layers
= 16 mm (5/8") rod in dia.
= 600 mm (24") in length
= 24.1 Mpa (3,500 psi)
= 28 days
FM:
Concrete Strength Deficiency:
3/8
Less than 5
100
4
10 - 15
80
8
15 - 20
70
16
20 - 25
60
30
25 or more
50
50
0
100
DIMENSION & TOLERANCE:
= + 3 mm diameter
ABSORPTION & MC
110 + 5 oC not less than 24 hrs.
25 - 35 oC for 24 hrs. - immersed
Allowable Variation
+ 1/2"
+ 1"
agrams_73
CONCRETE
1 The first PCCP was laid in the year 1893 in
Bellafontaine, Ohio
2 The workability of concrete is measured by what means
Slump Test
3 How much is the spacing required of vibrators used in compacting
concrete for PCCP
60 cm
4 Sawing of transverse contraction joints is done within what duration
Within 24 hrs.
5 If you place one layer reinforcement on the concrete pavement,
how much is the allowable distance from the top slab pavement
2" (50 mm)
6 Concrete paving, what is the frequency thus the vibrators operate.
8,300 to 9600 impulse/min
7 What is the allowable duration of vibration be operated in any
one location
15 sec.
8 What transverse joint to be provided in order that the ends of
pavement slab can protrude when slabs lengthen or shift
position
Transverse Expansion Joint
9 If concrete pavement texture is be finish by belting. What is the
required materials & size
2-ply canvas belt not less than 20 cm
wide and at least 100 cm longer than the pavement width
10 For unreinforced concrete pavement, how cracking is
accommodated
By providing weakened sections @ least 4.5 spacing
11 How much is the tolerance of smoothness of concrete pavement
More than 3 mm but not exceeding 12 mm
12 If longitudinal sawed joints is called on a plan. What is the allowable time required to start sawing
allowable time required to start sawing
Before the end of curing period
or before any equipment or vehicles are allowed on the pavement
the mixing speed shall not less than 4 rpm nor more than 6 rpm
Concrete Technician
agrams5254/2004
are wired to the legs of the "Z" the stiffness of the layer
69 Suppose the span length of a beam sample is 18". What is the
maximum length of the crack that can still be considered
that the beam samples for evaluation
18" x 0.05 = 5.1" (max.)
70 Test specimen for concrete paving
At least 1-set consisting of three (3) concrete beam test
specimen 150mm x 150 mm x 525 or 900 mm shall be taken from
330 m2 of pavements 230 mm depth or fraction thereof placed each day
(4) if the length fast unit is shorter than 1/2 of the normal lot length it shall be
included in the previous lot.
73 What is the approximate amount sample of aggregate to be
Gravel
= 45 kilos
shipped & water to the laboratory
Sand
= 23 kilos
Mix Sand & Gravel
= 68 kilos
100
80
70
60
50
0
agrams5254/2004
PILES
1
2
3
4
= 3.0 m
= 5.0 m
5
6
7
8
What is the minimum depth that concrete pile be embedded to the footing
300 mm
What is the minimum diameter required side or any pile to the
nearest edge of the cap
Not less than 200 mm
A cast - iron point on the foot or a timber or concrete pile to
facilitate penetration of the ground
Pile Shoe
In splicing pre cast concrete piles, How much concrete be cut
away at the end of pile
If corrugated reinforcing steel is
used 40 bars dia. if plain bars is used 60 bar diameters
Underpinning
Quarter Points
If it has a visible crack extending around the four sides of the pile
17 If high early strength cement is used, How many days a pre cast regular piles be moved, transported or driven
7 days after casting
18 What is the clearance of sheet piling from edge of footing
when used as cofferdam on bridge construction
30 to 45 cm on all sides & 90 cm at the sump end
Viaduct
Not less than 200 mm
agrams5254/2004
ROCK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
of the pipe
PIPES
1
2
6
7
8
(1/2) sieve & not less than 95% retained on a 4.75 mm (#4)
and selected sandy soil passing 9.5 mm (3/8) sieve not more than
shall be done by
16 When top of the pipe is flushed to the ground, how much is
backfilling of materials on the trench be done
California Method A or B
21
22
23
agrams5254/2004
agrams5254/2004
DESIGN MIX
NOTE:
- Condition of aggregates in saturated surface dry
- Corrected as often as moisture content of aggregate varies
- Corrected for free water or water required for absorption in field mix
(Uncorrected Wt.) x ( 1- % of free water)
100
OR
(Uncorrected Wt.)
- Uncorrected weight minus total weight of free water or plus total weight of water required for absorption
The proportions are for starting mix only. In the course of mixing operations the quality of the concrete will be
periodically checked as to the following: Workability, net water content and cement as per yield test. If found not meeting
requirements in the Materials Manual, necessary adjustments should be made before proceeding further to ensure
uniform quality of concrete throughout the structure.
TABLE V
APPROXIMATE SAND & WATER CONTENTS PER CUBIC METER OF CONCRETE
Based on mix having a water - cement ratio of 0.57 by weight of 24.7 liters per sack of cement, 76.2 mm slump
and natural sand having Fineness Modulus of about 2.75
For mixes having either proportions, see adjustments below
ROUNDED COARSE AGGREGATE
Maximum Size of Sand, % of total agg. Net water content per
Coarse aggregate by absolute volume
cubic meter
mm
inch
cu.m.
kgs
liters
12.7
19
25.4
38.1
50.8
76.2
152.4
1/2
3/4
1
1 1/2
2
3
6
51
46
41
37
34
31
26
199
184
178
166
157
148
131
199
184
178
166
157
148
131
56
51
46
42
39
36
31
214
199
192
181
172
163
146
214
199
192
181
172
163
146
ABRASION TEST
(AASHTO 96)
LOSS ANGELES ABRASION SPEED: 30 - 33 rpm
SIEVE SIZE:
PASSING
RETAINED
NO. OF SPHERES
WT. OF CHARGE, g
NO. OF REVOLUTION
75.0 mm
3.00"
63.0 mm
21/2"
63.0 mm
21/2"
50.0 mm
2.0"
50.0 mm
2.0"
37.5 mm
11/2"
37.5 mm
11/2"
25.0 mm
1"
25.0 mm
1"
19.0 mm
3/4"
19.0 mm
3/4"
12.5 mm
1/2"
12.5 mm
1/2"
9.5 mm
3/8"
9.5 mm
3/8"
6.3 mm
1/4"
6.3 mm
1/4"
4.75 m
#4
4.75 mm
#4
2.36 mm
#8
% ABRASION LOSS =
A
12
5000 + 25
1250 + 25
1250 + 25
1250 + 10
1250 + 10
-
X 100
The test sample shall consist of clean aggregates w/c has been oven-dried to constant weight/mass at 110 0C.
The abrasive charge shall consist of cast -iron spheres or steel spheres approximately 46.8 mm in
diameter and each weighing between 390 & 455 grams
TABLE V
APPROXIMATE SAND & WATER CONTENTS PER CUBIC METER OF CONCRETE
Based on mix having a water - cement ratio of 0.57 by weight of 24.7 liters per sack of cement, 76.2 mm slump
and natural sand having Fineness Modulus of about 2.75
Maximum Size of
Coarse aggregate
mm
inch
12.7
19
25.4
38.1
50.8
76.2
152.4
1/2
3/4
1
1 1/2
2
3
6
51
46
41
37
34
31
26
199
184
178
166
157
148
131
199
184
178
166
157
148
131
56
51
46
42
39
36
31
214
199
192
181
172
163
146
214
199
192
181
172
163
146
ABRASION TEST
(AASHTO 96)
A
12
5000 + 25
1250 + 25
1250 + 25
1250 + 10
1250 + 10
-
X 100
The test sample shall consist of clean aggregates w/c has been oven-dried to constant weight/mass at 110 0C.
The abrasive charge shall consist of cast -iron spheres or steel spheres approximately 46.8 mm in
diameter and each weighing between 390 & 455 grams
LL
PI
CBR
ABRASION
COMPACTION
LAYER
% NWC
DENSITY
80
50
-
Selected
104
200
aggregate
Borrow
embankment
sub-base
for
course
Topping
30
6
100%
150 mm
80
55
95%
200 mm
201
aggregate
base
course
202
203
204
205
206
4 - 10
100 min.
50 max.
35 max.
4 - 10
100 min.
50 max.
100 kg/cum
800 kg/cum
G.I. =
[ F-35] [0.20+0.005 (LL-400] + 0.01 (F-15) (PI-10)
F= % Passing No. 200
Grouted Riprap
3 PARTS :
1. Duties & Responsibilities
2. Project Implementation
3. Policies & Issuances
Class A
B
C
D
Stone Masonry
300
crushed
lime stabilized portland cement
asphalt
portland cement agg. Surface
aggregates
road mix
stabilized road
stabilized road treated plant
sourse
base course
course
mix base course mix base course mix base course
1:3; interval 25 mm
=
=
=
=
300 mm
500 mm
600 mm
800 mm
=
=
1:2; interval 50 mm
min. size of stone 150 mm
=
=
=
=
min. 15 kg
min. 30 kg
min. 60 kg
min. 100 kg
max. 25 kg
max. 70 kg
max. 100 kg
max. 200 kg
agrams5254/2004
35 max.
4-9
45 max.
* GUARDRAILS
* G.I. Sheets*
C= M1 - M2 x GXK
M2
* GABIONS*
L = x2 or 4x the width
W=
H=
sampling
60 mm + 0.25
60 mm
C= wt. of coating
RCCP:
M1 = original
M2 = wt. after stripping
Rate of Loading
= 20 - 50 psi/sec.
Rate of Loading
= 125 - 175 psi/min.
5. Pipes : (Sampling)
= 1 Pipe/ 50 1.m.
= 1 set or 3-CCS/25 l.m.
Reinforced = 2% / No. of Pipe
Non- Reinforced = 0.5% / No. of Pipe
agrams5254/2004
105
200
201
Agg. Base
Course
202
311
404
405
Structural
Concrete
500
203
Lime Stabilized
Pipe Culvert
Road Mix
Base Course
204
205
206
GRADING
Quality Test 1500 m3
1500 m3
1500 m3
1500 m3
1500 m3
1500 m3
300 m3
300 m3
300 m3
1500 m3
1500 m3
300 m3
300 m3
300 m3
300 m3
300 m3
300 m3
2500 m3
1500 m3
3
25
500 m2
20 cm
1500 m3
1500 m3
5
56
500 m2
15 cm
2500 m3
2500 m3
1500 m3
1500 m3
5
56
500 m2
15 cm
2500 m3
2500 m3
1500 m3
1500 m3
LL/PL
COMPACTION
Quality Test 2500 m3
Field Test 1500 m3
# of Layers
3
# of Blows
25
DENSITY
500 m2
THICKNESS
20 cm
CBR
ABRASION
Coarse Agg.
FA (grading)
CA (grading)
CBS
# of Layers
# of Blows
CCS
# of Layers
# of Blows
Pipe Culvert
RSB
1500 m3
75 m3
75 m3
1500 m3
75 m3
75 m3
75 m3
2
63
75 m3
1500 m3
75 m3
75 m3
75 m3
75 m3
3
25
every 10,000
kgs/size
1-CCS for
every 25 pcs
3
25
1 RCPC
every 10,000
kgs/size
agrams5254/2004
207
Aggregate
Stockpile
105
200
201
Agg. Base
Course
202
311
404
405
500
1-CCS for
every 25 pcs
3
25
1 RCPC
-
1500 m3
1500 m3
1500 m3
1500 m3
1500 m3
300 m3
300 m3
300 m3
1500 m3
1500 m3
300 m3
300 m3
300 m3
300 m3
300 m3
300 m3
2500 m3
1500 m3
3
25
500 m2
20 cm
-
1500 m3
1500 m3
5
56
500 m2
15 cm
2500 m3
2500 m3
-
1500 m3
1500 m3
5
56
500 m2
15 cm
2500 m3
2500 m3
-
1500 m3
1500 m3
1500 m3
75 m3
75 m3
-
1500 m3
75 m3
75 m3
75 m3
2
63
75 m3
1500 m3
75 m3
75 m3
75 m3
75 m3
every 10,000
kgs/size
3
25
-
LL/PL
COMPACTION
agrams_73
205
Lime Stabilized Portland Cement Asphalt StabiPipe Culvert Road Mix Stabilized Road lized Road Mix
Base Course Mix Base Course Base Course
# of Layers
# of Blows
Pipe Culvert
RSB
204
Structural
Concrete
GRADING
203
* GUARDRAILS
* G.I. Sheets*
C= M1 - M2 x GXK
M2
* GABIONS*
L = x2 or 4x the width
W=
H=
sampling
60 mm + 0.25
60 mm
C= wt. of coating
RCCP:
M1 = original
M2 = wt. after stripping
Rate of Loading
= 20 - 50 psi/sec.
Rate of Loading
= 125 - 175 psi/min.
5. Pipes : (Sampling)
= 1 Pipe/ 50 1.m.
= 1 set or 3-CCS/25 l.m.
Reinforced = 2% / No. of Pipe
Non- Reinforced = 0.5% / No. of Pipe
agrams_73
agrams_73
206
207
300
301
302
303
Portland Cement
Treated Plant
Mix Base Course
Aggregate
Stockpile
Aggregate
Surface
Course
Bituminous
Prime Coat
Bituminous
Tack Coat
Bituminous
Seal Coat
304
305
306
307
Bituminous
Bituminous
Bituminous
Bituminous
Surface Penetration Maca- Road Mix Sur- Plant-Mix SurTreatment
dam Pavement face Course face Course Gen.
308
Bituminous
Plant-Mix Surface,Cold-Laid
309
310
* GUARDRAILS
* G.I. Sheets*
C= M1 - M2 x GXK
M2
* GABIONS*
L = x2 or 4x the width
W=
H=
sampling
60 mm + 0.25
60 mm
C= wt. of coating
RCCP:
M1 = original
M2 = wt. after stripping
Rate of Loading
= 20 - 50 psi/sec.
Rate of Loading
= 125 - 175 psi/min.
5. Pipes : (Sampling)
= 1 Pipe/ 50 1.m.
= 1 set or 3-CCS/25 l.m.
Reinforced = 2% / No. of Pipe
Non- Reinforced = 0.5% / No. of Pipe
agrams5254/2004