Alcatel Lucent Umts Link Budget Methodology v1!0!150430233042 Conversion Gate02

UMTS Link Budget Methodology
Sylvestre Demonget
Wireless BG / W-CDMA BD /
Post-Sales Support & Technology Introduction / W-CDMA Network Engineering
April 2nd, 2007
Agenda
1. Uplink Link Budget Methodology

2. Downlink Link Budget Methodology
3. Capacity and Throughput Calculation Basics
2 | HSUPA Link Budget | February 28th, 2007
All Rights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent 2006
Introduction
UMTS Link Budget methodology:
Uplink: Cell Range derivation based on a specific UL dimensioning service
Downlink:
Calculation for each DL service of transmit power necessary to reach cell edge
Comparison with maximum allowed power for this DL service
Aspects covered in this presentation:

Link budget methodology (UL and DL) applicable to both Release 99 and HSPA
Cell Range comparisons for multiple:
R99 UL services
HSUPA user throughput targets
UL and DL Capacity calculation using analytic formulas

HSPA Throughput computation using static simulation:
Throughput map
Throughput Vs. Distance from Site
Agenda

UMTS Uplink Link Budget

Methodology, Cell Range Comparisons
Body
Loss
Max.
Max.Allowable
Allowableair
air
interface
Path
Loss
interface Path Loss
(MAPL)
(MAPL)
Penetration
Loss
Uplink Interference
Margin
Cables
Loss
BTS
Antenna
Gain
Shadowing
Margin
Fast Fading
Margin
MAPL Calculation (Release 99)
MAPL (i ) = UE Max. Tx Power NodeB Sensitivit y (i )

Body Loss Penetratio n Loss + BTS Ant . Gain Cables Loss
Shadowing Margin Fast Fading Margin UL Interferen ce Margin
Aim: used to derive Cell Range

Depends on:
UL dimensioning service i (usually CS64)
Propagation environment
UE and Node-B performances
Shadowing Margin, Fast Fading Margin, UL Interference Margin
( depends on UL service i )
UE Max.
Tx Power
MAPL Calculation (1/3: R99)
Node-B Sensitivity
Uplink Link Budget Methodology (1/8)

MAPL Calculation (2/3: Impact of HSDPA)
MAPL Calculation (Impact of HSDPA)

Mandatory channels for data transfer on HSDPA:
Presence of HS-DPCCH impacts MAPL:

UE transferring on HSDPA must feed back CQI
and ACK/NACK to Node-B on HS-DPCCH
UE available Tx power for
dimensioning UL service i diminishes
MAPL diminishes
Handled in the UL link

budget as an increase in
UL Eb/N0 Target (Vs. w/o
HS-DPCCH case):
UL
Eb
N 0 Target
c2 + d 2
= 10 log 2
2
2
c + d + hs

MAPL Calculation (3/3: HSUPA)
MAPL Calculation (HSUPA)

Cell Range definition:
R99: Cell Range derived assuming a specific UL R99 dimensioning service i
E
NodeB Sensitivity (i ) = NodeB Thermal Noise + c
(i )
N 0 Target
HSUPA: Cell Range may be derived assuming either:
a specific UL R99 dimensioning service i
a specific E-DCH user throughput at cell edge r
HSUPA Ec/N0 according to E-DCH user throughput at cell edge r:
E-DCH
User Throughput
1. For several E-TFCs, E-DPDCHs Ec/N0 is

given by L1 curves:
2. For each E-TFC, HSUPA Ec/N0 is derived

from E-DPDCHs Ec/N0 :
HSUPA
Ec
n + ec + d + c + hs
= ed ed
2
ned ed
2
N 0 Target
E DPDCHs
E-DPDCHs Ec/N0
Ec
N0
3. Criterion for choice of E-TFC:

E-TFC giving best Ec/N0
or E-TFC giving best BLER
1Tx
Body
Loss
Max. Allowable air

interface Path Loss
(MAPL)
Shadowing
Shadowing
Margin
Margin
Penetration
Loss
Cables
Loss
Uplink Interference
Margin
BTS
Antenna
Gain
UE Max.
Tx Power
Shadowing Margin
Node-B Sensitivity
Fast Fading
Margin
Shadowing Margin
Aim: Compensation of Shadowing, i.e. variation in signal strength due to obstacles
modeled by a Log-Normal law, for mobiles close to cell edge.
Value computed so that UL service i can be statistically offered within AR% of cell
area (AR: Area Reliability).
Calculation Method:
1. Assumption on Log-Normal law Stand. Dev. : Shad = Shad Outdoor + Indoor Penetration
2
2. Jakes Formula for Soft Handover with 2 servers (R99)

Inputs: Shad, AR, Attenuation Exponent, Correlation coeff. between Shadowing of the 2 legs
HSUPA-specific: Jakes Formula for 2 servers without SHO

(SHO not supported in Alcatel-Lucent UA5.0 Release)
Body
Loss
Max. Allowable air

interface Path Loss
(MAPL)
Penetration
Loss
Uplink Interference
Margin
Cables
Loss
BTS
Antenna
Gain
Shadowing
Margin
Fast
FastFading
Fading
Margin
Margin
Fast Fading Margin

Aim: Compensation of Fast Fading, i.e. variation in signal strength due to
multi-path Rayleigh channel profile, for a mobile close to cell edge.
Value computed so that a mobile at cell edge can do efficient Power Control,
i.e. combat the Fast Fading.
Calculation Method:
Fast Fading Margin = UL
Eb
N 0 Target
(TPC = Off ) UL Eb N
Currently, same calculation method for R99 and HSUPA

0 Target
(TPC = On )
UE Max.
Tx Power
Fast Fading Margin
Node-B Sensitivity
Body
Loss
Max. Allowable air

interface Path Loss
(MAPL)
Shadowing
Margin
Penetration
Loss
Uplink
UplinkInterference
Interference
Margin
Margin
Cables
Loss
BTS
Antenna
Gain
UE Max.
Tx Power
Uplink Interference Margin (1/2)
Node-B Sensitivity
Fast Fading
Margin
Uplink Interference Margin

Aim: Compensation of interference generated by other mobiles on the uplink.
Value computed for each UL service i so that i transmitted by a mobile can be
received at Node-B with sufficient SINR even at maximum UL Cell Load.
Calculation Method: UL Interf . Margin(i ) = Total UL Noise Rise User UL Noise Rise(i )
Total UL Interference
1
=
BTS Thermal Noise 1 UL Cell Load
User Rx Power
BTS Thermal Noise
UL Interf . Margin(i ) dB = Total UL NRdB 10 log[1 + User Rx Power (i ) (Total UL Interf . User Rx P.(i ) )]
(i )
UL Interference Margin(i ) dB = Total UL Noise RisedB 10 log1 + c
N 0 Target

Uplink Interference Margin (2/2)
Reminder: UL Interference Margin(i ) dB = Total UL Noise RisedB 10 log1 + Ec

N
(i )
0 Target
Total UL Noise Rise value setting in the link budget:

or
Set to the maximum allowed value: Max. UL Noise Rise

Set according to an iterative process:
Functional point between {Cell Range = UL Link Budget( Total UL NR )} and
{Total UL NR = Traffic Model(
Model Cell Range )}
Number of subscribers per km2
Call Profile
Grade of Service (GoS) for each UL service
Total UL Noise Rise<Max. UL Noise Rise must be true
Max. UL Noise Rise is set by below UTRAN parameters:

Limit applied on R99 traffic only: rtwpMaxCellLoadNonEdch
(Default in UA5.0: 50%)
Limit applied on total UL traffic (R99+HSUPA): totalRotMax
(Default in UA5.0: 6dB)
Body
Loss
Max.
Max.Allowable
Allowableair
air
interface
Path
Loss
interface Path Loss
(MAPL)
(MAPL)
Penetration
Loss
Uplink Interference
Margin
Cables
Loss
BTS
Antenna
Gain
Shadowing
Margin
UE Max.
Tx Power
Cell Range Calculation
Node-B Sensitivity
Fast Fading
Margin
Cell Range Calculation basing on MAPL

Relationship Cell Range MAPL:
2100 MHz: COST-Hata propagation model
Path Loss[dB] = 46 .3 + 33 .9 log( f [ MHz ]) 13.82 log( BTS Ant . Height [ m ]) UE Ant . Height Corr . Factor [ dB ]
+ ( 44.9 6.55 log( BTS Ant . Height [ m ]) log( d [ km ]) + Environmen t Corr . Factor [dB]
900 MHz: Okumura-Hata propagation model
Path Loss[dB] = 69.55 + 26 .16 log( f [ MHz ]) 13.82 log( BTS Ant . Height [ m ]) UE Ant . Height Corr . Factor [ dB ]
+ ( 44.9 6.55 log( BTS Ant . Height [ m ]) log( d [ km ]) + Environmen t Corr . Factor [dB]
Site Coverage for 3-sector case (surface covered by 1 Node-B):

Site Coverage
3 Sectors
[ km 2 ] = 9 3
Cell Range [ km ] 2

Tower Mounted Amplifier (TMA) Benefits and Drawbacks
TMA Aim: Reduce the impact of Cables Loss in the UL increase Cell Range
Simplified
vision
BTS
Antenna
Gain
Without TMA
Cables Loss
with TMA
Node-B
Sensitivity
Cables Loss
Node-B
Sensitivity
TMA impact
on the UL:
BTS
Antenna
Gain
With TMA
TMA handling in Alcatel-Lucent link budget:

UL:
Cables Loss = 0.4dB (jumper before TMA),
Friis Formula for the Noise Figure of {TMA, cables after TMA, BTS}
DL: +0.8dB on Cables Loss compared to without TMA case

(1 additional jumper + TMA insertion loss)
Cell Range Comparisons (1/2)

Dense Urban Environment
Main Assumptions:
Channel Profile = Pedestrian A 3km/h
HS-DPCCH impact included in UL R99 services Eb/N0
E-TFC chosen according to best Ec/N0 criterion
Penetration Loss = 18dB, Hata Env. Corr. Factor = 0dB, TMA = On
UE Max. Tx Power = 21dBm for all services (conservative)
0.7
DCH 128
E-DCH 128
DCH 384
E-DCH 384
E-DCH 1024
Cell Range [km]
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0
Max. UL Noise Rise [dB]

Cell Range Comparisons (2/2)

Suburban Environment
Main Assumptions:
HS-DPCCH impact included in UL R99 services Eb/N0
E-TFC chosen according to best Ec/N0 criterion
Penetration Loss=10dB, Hata Env. Corr. Factor = -12dB, TMA = On
UE Max. Tx Power = 21dBm for all services (conservative)
2.3
DCH 128
E-DCH 128
DCH 384
E-DCH 384
E-DCH 1024
Cell Range [km]
2.1
1.9
1.7
1.5
1.3
1.1
0.9
0.7
0
Max. UL Noise Rise [dB]

Agenda

UMTS Downlink Link Budget

Methodology, Impact of HSUPA DL channels
Cables Loss
( depends on
DL service j )
Required DL
User Tx Power
BTS Ant. Gain
DL
DLMax.
Max.Air
Air
Path
Loss
Path Loss
Penetration
Loss
Body Loss
Shadowing
Margin
Fast Fading
Margin
Downlink Maximum Air Path Loss

DL air interface path loss at the cell edge,
i.e. for Cell Range derived from UL link budget
Aim: used to derive Downlink Maximum Total Path Loss
Calculation Method:
COST-Hata-1( Cell Range, DL f )

MAPL + Frequency Shift( DL f UL f )
Depends on:
R99: UL R99 dimensioning service i
HSUPA: i or specific E-DCH user throughput at cell edge r
DL Max. Total
Path Loss
UE Sensitivity
Downlink Maximum Air Path Loss Calculation
( depends on DL service j )
Downlink Link Budget Methodology (1/3)
Cables Loss
( depends on
DL service j )
Required DL
User Tx Power
BTS Ant. Gain
DL Max. Air
Path Loss
Penetration
Loss
DL
DLMax.
Max.Total
Total
Path
Loss
Path Loss
Body Loss
Shadowing
Margin
Fast Fading
Margin
UE Sensitivity
Downlink Maximum Total Path Loss Calculation
Downlink Maximum Total Path Loss

DL total path loss at the cell edge, from BTS PA to UE
Aim: used to derive Required DL User Tx Power, HSDPA throughput
Calculation Method:
DL Max . Total PL = DL Max . Air PL

+ Cable Loss BTS Ant . Gain + Pene . Loss + Body Loss
+ Shadowing Margin + Fast Fading Margin
Remark: DL Max. Total PL does not take into account any DL interference margin.
Indeed, DL interferences are directly taken into account in
the following formula giving Required DL User Tx Power.
Cables Loss
( depends on
DL service j )
RequiredDL
DL
Required
UserTx
TxPower
Power
User
BTS Ant. Gain
Penetration
Loss
DL Max. Air
Path Loss
DL Max. Total
Path Loss
Body Loss
Shadowing
Margin
Fast Fading
Margin
UE Sensitivity
Required Downlink User Tx Power
Required Downlink User Tx Power

Required transmit power at BTS PA so that DL R99 service j can be received with
sufficient SINR by a mobile at cell edge.
Allows to know if DL coverage can be assured at cell edge for service j,
by comparing with maxDlTxPower(j), i.e. max. power allowable for j per user.
Calculation Method:
OVSF Codes
Orthogonality Factor
(depends on channel
profile)
Ii : Intra-cell interference
(before despreading, includes own signal)
Ie : Extra-cell interference
( DL
Req. DL User Tx Power ( j ) =
Ie
+ OF ) PA + UE Th. Noise DL Max. Total PL
Ii cell edge
E
OF + DL c
( j)
N 0 Target
Power Available for HSDPA (1/2)

Computation Method in UA5.0 Release, for Shared Carrier scenario
Power Available for HSDPA (HS-DSCH+HS-SCCH, all HSDPA users in cell)

Computation Method in UA5.0 Release:
DL Power Available for HSDPA
= Min { PA SHO Margin P. CCC P. HSUPA , PA P. Non HSDPA DCH Margin }
RNC view
Node-B view
Tx Power for each common control channel: set relatively to CPICH Tx Power
CPICH Tx Power : set according to CPICH Ec/I0 Target , Cell Range,
Area Reliability, environment parameters
P. HSUPA : room power reserved for HSUPA DL channels. Constant, tunable.
P. Non HSDPA : transmit power for non-HSDPA traffic, i.e. R99 traffic,
common control channels and HSUPA downlink channels.
Updated within Node-B every 100ms.
DCH Margin: room power for DCH used to prevent fast increase of DCH power
due to Power Control. Proportional to (P. Non HSDPA CPICH Tx Power)
Power Available for HSDPA (2/2)

Impact of HSUPA Downlink Channels
Power for HSUPA Downlink Channels Link Budget model:

DL HSUPA Tx Power is assumed constant:
E-RGCH not
supported in
UA5.0
DL HSUPA Tx Power = E AGCH E AGCH Tx Power + n E HICH E HICH Tx Power

E-AGCH : coefficient (0~1) chosen according to supposed amount of HSUPA traffic.
Assumption: only 1 absolute grant sent at one time.
Default value in Link Budget: 1
E-AGCH Tx Power : Tx power for 1 E-AGCH channel.
UTRAN default value: CPICH Tx Power - 2.5dB
nE-HICH : Average number of signatures used on E-HICH
Default value in Link Budget: 2
E-HICH Tx Power : Tx power per signature of E-HICH.
E-HICH channel Tx power is proportional to #signatures used.
UTRAN default value: CPICH Tx Power 18.6dB
Agenda

Capacity and Throughput Calculation Basics

Method presented: calculation via formulas/static simulation
Uplink Capacity Calculation (1/2)

Mono Service
Pole Capacity:
Maximum theoretical number of active users on the UL supported per cell,
when no limit on UE Max. Tx Power and Max. UL Noise Rise
N Pole (i ) = 1 +
FR
E
AF (i ) UL c
(i ) G SHO
N 0 Target
channel Activity Factor

(only for Speech service)
UL Cell Capacity:
May also be Ec/N0

Target for E-DCH
with a specific
throughput r
Frequency Reuse Efficiency

Ii
FR =
I e + I i UL
Soft Handover Gain on capacity
(not considered for HSUPA)
Max. # active users on the UL supported per cell

(all using same UL service i)
UL Cell Capacity(i ) = N Pole (i ) UL Cell Load

Assumed equal to the

maximum allowed value, i.e.
1-1 / Max UL Noise Rise
or
Set according to an iterative
process, thanks to
Traffic Model
Uplink Capacity Calculation (2/2)

Traffic Mix
UL Cell Capacity in Traffic Mix:

Maximum number of users (including non-active users) on the UL
supported per cell, assuming a specific Call Profile
UL Cell Capacity in Traffic Mix =
Average user throughput in

Busy Hour for UL service i
as given in the Call Profile
Rate for service i
(e.g. 64kbps for CS64)
UL Cell Load
#UL services
UL (i )
N Pole (i )
i =1
CP throughput (i )
R (i )
UL (i ) = #UL services
CP throughput (k )
R (i )
k =1
Formula may
account for
some UL
services
defined as
E-DCH with a
specific
throughput r
Dowlink Capacity Calculation
Asymptotic Capacity:
Maximum theoretical number of active users on the DL supported per cell,
when no limit on BTS Power Amplifier (all using same DL service j)
E
OF + DL c
(i ) G SHO
N 0 Target
1
N Asymp ( j ) =
+
Ie
AF (i )
DL
+ OF
Ii mean
DL Cell Capacity in Traffic Mix:

(HSDPA traffic not present, analytic calculation)
Max. #active users on the DL supported per cell
DL Cell Capacity in Traffic Mix =
DL Cell Load
# DL services
DL ( j )
N Asymp ( j )
j =1
PA CCC Tx Power
UE Th. Noise DL Mean Total PL
PA +
Ie
DL
+ OF
Ii mean
HSDPA Throughput Computation via Static Simulation (1/2)
Distance
Serving Node-B
UE
DL Total
Path Loss
HS-DSCH
Rx Ec/N0
CQI
reported
HSDPA User
Throughput
UE Speed
HSDPA UE
Category
Shadowing at UE
BTS Ant. Diagram
Power Available
for HS-DSCH
Channel
Profile
HSDPA User Throughput Map Computation via Static Simulation

1. Generate DL Total Path Loss map for each cell.
For each location {x,y} , find the serving cell.
Serving Cell ( x, y ) = c,
PL( x, y, c) = Min [PL( x, y, c)]
2. Calculate Power Available for HS-DSCH

a)
For each location {x,y} :

3. Calculate HS-DSCH Rx Ec/N0
4. Calculate CQI reported by the mobile
DL Power Available for HSDPA

PA SHO Margin P. CCC P. HSUPA ,
= Min
PA P. Non HSDPA DCH Margin
b)
Estimate and subtract HS-SCCH Tx Power
5. Calculate HSDPA User Throughput

HSDPA Throughput Computation via Static Simulation (2/2)
Distance
Serving Node-B
UE
DL Total
Path Loss
HS-DSCH
Rx Ec/N0
CQI
CQI
reported
reported
HSDPA
HSDPAUser
User
Throughput
Throughput
UE Speed
HSDPA UE
Category
Shadowing at UE
Power Available
for HS-DSCH
BTS Ant. Diagram
Channel
Profile
HSDPA User Throughput Map Computation via Static Simulation

4. Calculate CQI reported by the mobile:
CQI reported = speed + HS DSCH Rx
Ec
N0
UE Speed speed
[dB]
3 km/h
50 km/h
120 km/h
# HS-PDSCH(s)
Modulation
Transport
Block Size
# MAC-hs PDU(s)
per TB
RLC Throughput
QPSK
931 b
288 kbps
10
QPSK
1262 b
432 kbps
CQI
CQI Table for

UE Category 6
5. Calculate HSDPA User Throughput:
15.5
14.3
13.3
Derived from TBS, MAC-d PDU size (=336b),

MAC-hs header size (21b)
Derived assuming
BLER 1Tx=10%
HSUPA Throughput Computation via Static Simulation
Distance
Serving Node-B
UE
Shadowing at UE
BTS Ant. Diagram
UL Total
Path Loss
Max. UL
Noise Rise
(totalRotMax)
E-DCH
Rx Ec/N0
UL Noise Rise
Available for
user
E-TFC
E-DCH User
Throughput
Channel
Profile
HSDPA UE
Category
UE Speed
HSUPA User Throughput Map Computation via Static Simulation

1. Generate UL Total Path Loss map for each cell.
For each location {x,y} , find the serving cell.
totalRotMa x
UL Noise Rise other users
E-DCH
User Throughput
2. Calculate UL Noise Rise Available for User

For each location {x,y} :
3. Calculate E-DCH Rx Ec/N0
4. Derive E-TFC
5. Calculate E-DCH User Throughput
E-DPDCHs Ec/N0
HSUPA Throughput Computation via Static Simulation (1/2)

User Throughput Map
Main Assumptions:
HSUPA dedicated carrier (no R99 UL traffic)
Penetration Loss = 18dB, Hata Env. Corr. Factor

= 0dB, TMA = On
Shadowing standard deviation = 8dB
UE: Max. Tx Power = 21dBm, HSUPA Category 3
Cell Range
dimensioned
on E-DCH 128
Cell
Range:
+20%
HSUPA Throughput Computation via Static Simulation (2/2)

User Throughput Vs. Distance from Site
Penetration Loss = 18dB, Hata Env. Corr. Factor
= 0dB, TMA = On
Shadowing standard deviation = 8dB
UE: Max. Tx Power = 21dBm, HSUPA Category 3
Main Assumptions:
Shared carrier R99/HSUPA
E-DCH MAC-e User Throughput [kbps]
1300
No R99 UL traffic
R99 UL Cell Load = 50% * Max. UL Cell Load
1200
1100
Cell Range = 450m
1000
Cell Range: +20%
900
Cell Range = 540m

800
700
0
100
200
300
400
Distance from Serving NodeB [m]

500
600
Presentation Summary
UMTS Link Budget methodology:
Uplink: Cell Range derivation based on specific UL dimensioning service
Downlink:
Calculation for each DL service of required power necessary to reach cell edge
Comparison with maximum allowed power for this DL service
UMTS Link Budget tool usage:

Main objective: derive Cell Range assuming a dimensioning UL service
Other features: UL and DL Capacity calculation via formulas
Gives an idea of capacity without running any simulation
Gives inputs for Radio Dimensioning and Cell Planning

Used to study impact of features on RF aspects
www.alcatel-lucent.com

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UMTS Link Budget Methodology

1. Uplink Link Budget Methodology

2 | HSUPA Link Budget | February 28th, 2007

All Rights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent 2006

Aspects covered in this presentation:

UL and DL Capacity calculation using analytic formulas

All Rights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent 2006

1. Uplink Link Budget Methodology

4 | HSUPA Link Budget | February 28th, 2007

All Rights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent 2006

UMTS Uplink Link Budget

5 | HSUPA Link Budget | February 28th, 2007

All Rights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent 2006

MAPL Calculation (Release 99)

MAPL (i ) = UE Max. Tx Power NodeB Sensitivit y (i )

Aim: used to derive Cell Range

All Rights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent 2006

MAPL Calculation (1/3: R99)

Uplink Link Budget Methodology (1/8)

Uplink Link Budget Methodology (2/8)

MAPL Calculation (Impact of HSDPA)

Presence of HS-DPCCH impacts MAPL:

All Rights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent 2006

Handled in the UL link

Uplink Link Budget Methodology (2/8)

MAPL Calculation (HSUPA)

HSUPA Ec/N0 according to E-DCH user throughput at cell edge r:

1. For several E-TFCs, E-DPDCHs Ec/N0 is

2. For each E-TFC, HSUPA Ec/N0 is derived

3. Criterion for choice of E-TFC:

Max. Allowable air

Uplink Link Budget Methodology (3/8)

2. Jakes Formula for Soft Handover with 2 servers (R99)

HSUPA-specific: Jakes Formula for 2 servers without SHO

All Rights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent 2006

Max. Allowable air

Fast Fading Margin

Fast Fading Margin = UL

Currently, same calculation method for R99 and HSUPA

All Rights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent 2006

Fast Fading Margin

Uplink Link Budget Methodology (4/8)

Max. Allowable air

Uplink Interference Margin (1/2)

Uplink Link Budget Methodology (5/8)

Uplink Interference Margin

BTS Thermal Noise 1 UL Cell Load

11 | HSUPA Link Budget | February 28th, 2007

All Rights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent 2006

Uplink Link Budget Methodology (6/8)

Reminder: UL Interference Margin(i ) dB = Total UL Noise RisedB 10 log1 + Ec

Total UL Noise Rise value setting in the link budget:

Set to the maximum allowed value: Max. UL Noise Rise

Total UL Noise Rise<Max. UL Noise Rise must be true

Max. UL Noise Rise is set by below UTRAN parameters:

All Rights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent 2006

Cell Range Calculation

Uplink Link Budget Methodology (7/8)

Cell Range Calculation basing on MAPL

900 MHz: Okumura-Hata propagation model

Site Coverage for 3-sector case (surface covered by 1 Node-B):

13 | HSUPA Link Budget | February 28th, 2007

All Rights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent 2006