Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
2.
Communication
Scarce Resources
Diverse Backgrounds
Orientations to
Task Accomplishment
Substance
Resolution
Basic Elements of
Constructive Conflict
Mutual Interpersonal
Concern
Interdependence
Equifinality
Collaboration
Negotiation
Accommodation
Compromise
Competition
Avoidance
Styles
Problem Solver
Integratorfocused on Us
Looking for Consensus
"Win/Win" Solutions
Participation of all members
Resolutions Combine or Most Perspectives
Friendly Helper
Suppressor of self for harmony
One-Sided concession; giving In
"Lose/Win"
Use for non-significant, superficial conflicts
Results may be positive or negative
Positive if constructive compromise
Negative if coalition building; trading Issues
Conciliator; Negotiator
Split the difference; give up half
"Lose/Lose"
Use for small issues; save time & energy
Members must be willing to concede
Destructive if compromise forced
May reduce later cooperation & agreement
Tough Battler
Power OrientationWe/They
"Win/Lose"
Self Interest rather than mutual
interest
ConstructiveLimited to Issues
DestructivePersonal Attacks
Need Mutual Respect and Trust
Impersonal Complier
AvoidWithdraw
"Lose/Win"
Constructive: lack of Information,
Expertise
Destructive: if Habitual; or
Represents
Unexpressed
Dissatisfaction
Competition
Collaboration
(Consensus)
Negotiation
Compromise
Avoidance
Accommodation
C O O P E R AT I V E N E S S
Small Group and Team Communication, 2nd edition, Harris & Sherblom, Copyright Allyn & Bacon 2002
Constructive
Listen Attentively to
diverse opinions
Understand
Persons &
Look for agreement under
Perspectives
disagreement
Use supportive, Not defensive, communication
Generate alternatives before final resolution
Accept responsibility for thoughts & feelings
Types of Power
Expert Power
Interpersonal Linkage Power
Reward and Punishment Power
Positional (Legitimate) Power
Referent Power
Charismatic (or Personal) Power
Avoidance Power
Power In Context
Group