A REPORT ON

HEAT RATE AND PERFORMANCE OF STEAM TURBINES

AND
STUDY ON 800 MW SUPER CRITICAL TURBINE

A PROJECT REPORT SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY

OF

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
OF
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, HYDERABAD

IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE

AWARD OF THE DEGREE

OF
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BY
P.VISWANATH

V.SUNIL KUMAR

K.VENKATESHWARLU

H.VIJAY NAG

P.RAMADEVI

P.YASHODA

S.MANOHAR

UNDER THE ESTEED GIDENCE OF

R.RAMACHANDRA

Assistant Professor, Mechanical Engineering

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

INTELL ENGINEERING COLLEGE

(Affiliated to JNT University, HYDERABAD)

ANANTAPUR 515001, A.P

(2006-2007)

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

INTELL ENGINEERING COLLEGE

(Affiliated to JNT University, HYDERABAD)

ANANTAPUR 515001, A.P

(2006-2007)

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project work entitled HEAT RATE AND
PERFORMANCE OF STEAM TURBINES AND STUDY ON 800 MW
SUPER CRITICAL TURBINE is the bonafide work done by

P.VISWANATH

03741A0359

V.SUNIL KUMAR

03741A0355

K.VENKATESHWARLU

03741A0356

H.VIJAY NAG

03741A0357

M. RAMADEVI
G.YASHODA
S.MANOHAR

03741A0339
03741A0360
04745A0304

Department of mechanical engineering, Intell engineering college, Anantapur

and is submitted to Jawaharlal Nehru technology university, Hyderabad in partial
fulfillment of the requirement for the awarded of the degree of BACHELOR OF
TECHNOLOGY IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING.

This work has been carried out under my guidance and has not been
submitted the same for any University/Institution for award of any Degree/Diploma.

Date:

R.RAMACHANDRA

V.VENKATARAMANA

Guide

Head of Department

Assistant Professor

Professor

Dept. Mechanical Engineering,

Dept. Mechanical Engineering,

INTELL ENGG COLLEGE,

INTELL ENGG COLLEGE,

ANANTAPUR.

ANANTAPUR.

CONTENTS
TITLE
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION TO R.T.P.P
1.1 GENERAL
1.2 LOCATION
1.3 PROJECT COST
1.4 RAW MATERIAL
1.5 PRODUCT
1.6 OPERATIONAL DATA
CHAPTER 2. WORKING CYCLES
2.1 RANKINE CYCLE
2.2 REGENERATIVE CYCLE
2.3 REHEAT CYCLE
2.4 TYPICAL VALUES OF EFFICINCY

2.5 IMPROVEMENTS FOR THERMAL CYCLE EFFICENCY

2.6 PLANT LOSSES
2.7 CYLINDER EFFICENCY
CHAPTER3. STEAM TURBINES
3.1 INTRODUCTION
3.2 DEVELOPMENT OF STEAM TURBINES
3.3 CLQASSIFICATION OF STEAM TURBINE
3.4 WORKING PRINCIPLE OF STEAM TURBINE
3.5 CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS
3.6 COMPONENTS OF STEAM TURBINE
CHAPTER4. DATA COLLECTION
4.1 TECHNICAL DATA OF 210MW TURBINE
4.2 GENERAL DATA
4.3 HEAT RATE VALUES

CHAPTER5. PERFORMANCE CALCULATION

5. 1HEAT RATE
5.2STEAM RATE
5.3HEAT RATE CALCULATIONS
5.3.1 DESIGEN VALUES
5.3.2 ACTUAL VALUES

5.4 EFFICIENCY CALCULATIONS

5.4.1 ACTUAL VALUES
5.4.2 DESIGN VALUES
5.5 MASS FLOW RATE CALCULATION OF HEATERS
5.6 EFFECT OF EFFICIENCY OF IP TURBINE WITH THE INCREASE OF RADIAL
CLERANCE
CHAPTER6. TURBINE LOSSES
6.1 LOSSES IN REGULATING LOSSES
6.2 NOZZLE FRICTIN LOSSES
6.3 BLADE FRICTION LOSSES
6.4 DISC FRICTION LOSSES
6.5 PARTIAL ADMISSION LOSSES
6.6 GLAND LEAKAGE LOSSES
6.8 EXTERNAL LOSSES
CHAPTER7. DESIGN UPGRADATION
7.1 INTRODUCTION
7.2 HIGH PRESSURE AND INTERMEDIATE PRESSURE BLADING
7.3 FUTERE BLADING
7.4 CONCLUSION
CHAPTER8. C PROGRAME
CONCLUSION
BIBLOGRAPHY

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We are deeply obliged and indebted to our guide Sri.R.RAMACHANDRA

Assistant professor Department of Mechanical Engineering of our institute for the
keen interest shown and guidance offered in an amicable and pleasant manner
through the period of this project work.

We express our in deep sense of guidance to our professor and Head of The
Department Sri.V.VENKATARAMANA, for giving free hand to us to make use of the
laboratories and various equipments. Our sincere thanks to our principal
Sri.P.RAMA MURTHY for permitting us to carryout this project work.

We express our sincere thanks to Sri.L.NARASIMHULU, D.E., RTPP for the

guidance offered during our project work.

We express our sincere thanks to Sri.P.RAMA KRISHNA, ADE, RTPP for the
guidance offered during our project work.

We express our sincere thanks to Sri.R.GURUVAIAH, Assistant Engineer in

Rayalaseema Thermal Power Project (R.T.P.P), Muddanur for his great support and
encouragement in carryout this project work.

We express our sincere thanks to Sri.P.NAVANESWAR REDDY, AAE, RTPP for

the guidance offered during our project work.

Lastly we thankful to all our friends who have helped us directly and indirectly
in bringing out this project to the present shape.

SPECIFICATION

KM

Kilometer

MW

Mega watt

MU

Million units

Temperature

Entropy

HP

High pressure

IP

Intermediate pressure

LP

Low pressure

HPT

High pressure turbine

LPT

Low pressure turbine

Ata

Atmospheric technical absolute

TPH

Tons per hour

Ksc

kg/cm2

HPH

High pressure turbine

LPH

Low pressure turbine

D/A

Deaerator

Boiler

BFP

Boiler feed pump

CEP

Condensate extraction pump

GEN

Generator

SH

Super heater

RH

Reheater

ECO

Economizer

TX

Twisted blades with integral shroud

ABSTRACT

The development of country depends on the amount of power

production. Thermal power plant plays a major role in power
production. In thermal power plant steam turbine is one of the

essential components and it produces rotational work which is

important for production.

Limited

primary

energy

resources

and

awareness

of

environmental pollution has led to ever increasing endeavor to develop

new steam turbine power plants with the highest possible efficiencies.
Even small step increase in efficiency can result in major saving for the
customer. As overall cycle efficiency is strongly dependent on steam
turbine performance the efforts are directed primarily towards
improvement in reducing the losses.

The main objective of our project is to calculate the heat rate and
performance of steam turbine and analyze the effects of radial
clearance and reheat spray. We have developed a programme in c
language to calculate the heat rate and steam turbine efficiency.

We have done this project in Rayalaseema thermal power project,

muddanur, kadapa (Dist).