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LATTICE Technology
Pl G. Bergan, CTO
Job career
2012 ~ Now CTO LATTICE Technology
2009 ~ Now Invited professor, KAIST
2005 ~ 2008 Senior Vice President, DNV
2001 ~ 2004 Vice President, DNV Research
1998 ~ 2001 Head of Corporate R&D Management
1986 ~ 1997 President, DNV Research AS NTNU
1971 ~ 1986 Professor, NTH(NTNU), Norway
Education
Ph.D., UC Berkeley (Structural Mechanics), 1971
M.S., NTH(NTNU) (Structural Analysis), 1965
Contents
Overview
Lattice Pressure Vessel (LPV)
Pump-free Booster
BOG Spray Recondenser
Pile-guided Floater
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Research areas
Computational mechanics
Structural design and analysis
Energy storage systems
Materials technology
New types of floaters and ships
Overview
LATTICE Technology is a R&D company ready to collaborate with partners who are willing to develop
some of the core technologies into specific applications. Various forms of collaboration are conceivable based on mutual interest, ranging from base technology development to commercial applications.
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Pump-free Booster
Technological Challenges
Two schemes are conceivable for boosting such a cryogenic liquid as LNG: pump-based and PBU (pressure
boosting unit)-based boosting. In the former, the turbo-cryogenic machine, the pump, is often a source of
great concern due to the following reasons:
-Large fixed capital cost
-Complicated operation including cooldown
-High failure rate and subsequent maintenance
-No maintenance onboard
In the PBU-based scheme, part of the liquid inventory is vaporized by the PBU to pressurize the whole storage
tank. This scheme is difficult to apply to a large tank because
-The design pressure of the storage tanks has to be increased.
-All fluid in the tank needs to be heated to create sufficient pressure; this takes unduly long time for a
large tank.
-It is not easy to control pressure of a large storage tank by heating.
So, the PBU scheme is applicable only to small storage tanks.
Pump-free Booster
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There are two process configurations: parallel and series. In the former, the two boosters operate in an
alternating way; one is exporting the pressurized LNG while the other is charged with low-pressure LNG.
To the contrary, in the latter configuration the first booster sends pressurized LNG in an intermittent way,
and the second boost continuously exports the pressurized LNG.
The pump-free boost can be used for generator engines as well as the DFDE engine. It can also replace
the priming pump of the MEGI engines.
Parallel configuration
Series configuration
The synergic effect magnifies if the pump-free booster is combined with the LPV LNG fuel tank for the
LNG fuel gas supply system.
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Operation of the BOG Spray Recondenser is continuous and steady. The incoming BOG during the
BOG transfer sub-operation is mixed with the sprayed LNG. This leads to increase in the pressure and
temperature of the LNG. Consequently, the pressure of the BOG recondensing unit increases on over the
sub-operation. As the BOG supply is stopped for the LNG transfer sub-operation, the low-temperature
LNG from the LNG subcooling unit, which is typically a nitrogen refrigeration system, starts to cool down
the LNG and finally brings the
pressure and temperature back
close to the initial state. Over the
both sub-operations, the rate of
the LNG circulation and the load
of the LNG subcooling unit are
kept constant to attain the steady
operation.
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Pile-guided Floater
Technological Challenges
Two solutions have been employed for large installations offshore: the GBS (gravity-based structure) type and
the floating platform type. Since the GBS type stands on the seabed, it can be applicable only to shallow to
medium depth waters.
The floating type usually looks like a ship or a rectangular platform. It is normally kept in place by a series of
mooring lines. It has almost no limitation regarding the water depth. The floater motion, however, is the critical
weakness of this type. The dynamic motion due to waves may cause large fluid motion within storage tanks
(sloshing) which lead to severe fluid impact (slamming) against the tank walls creating damage. This is particularly a problem for LNG tanks of the membrane type. These problems may prevent this type of tanks from
being used out at sea with partial filling; which typically prevent such tanks from being used in connection
with FPSOs and floating LNG terminals (FLNG). Yet another floating platform type should also be mentioned,
the tension leg platform (TLP), which makes use of pre-tensioned, straight anchoring cables (tethers). These
platforms can typically be used for water depth ranges of 300 to 1000m; unfortunately they are not suited for
carrying large storage tanks.
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A major advantage of the Pile-guided Floater is that it provides satisfactory conditions for ship-to-ship
cargo transfer even in rather rough sea conditions. A shuttle tanker is moored to the guiding piles or the
floater itself. The relative motion between the shuttle tanker and the floater becomes negligible in horizontal direction and small in vertical direction. If necessary, the seabed frame can be strengthened by an
additional structure to withstand all the horizontal loads from the floater and the shuttle tanker.
LNG Carrier
LNG-BT
LNG-BS
(Bunkering Terminal) (Bunkering Shuttle)
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LATTICE Technology
Eureka Building (N27), KAIST (Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology)
291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
www.lattice-technology.com
contact@lattice-technology.com