Extruder

Classification of Extruders

Classification of Extruders-Types of construction

Classification of Extruders

A) Single screw extruder, cross section of the feed

zone. A1) Smooth (conventional), A2) Grooved
Sleeve
B) Pin barrel extruder
C) Co-Kneader, a Screw, b Kneading teeth, c Barrel
D) Single screw extruder with cavities in the barrel
E) Co-rotating twin screw extruder, intermeshing
F) Counter-rotating twin-screw extruder, intermeshing
G) Counter-rotating twin screw extruder,
nonintermeshing
H) Planetary roller extruder, a Melting and feed
section, b planetary screws and sun screw
I)

Cross section of a 4-screw degassing system

K) Gear pump
L) Plunger extruder, L1) Ram extrusion, L2)
Hydrostatic extrusion: a Plunger, b Barrel, c Billet,
d Extruded strand, e Hydraulic fluid
M) Single roll extruder, a Inlet, b Housing, c Roll, d
Adjustable knife, e Die
N) Disk pack extruder. N1) Cross section
(perpendicular), N2) Cross section (along the
shaft), a Rotating disks, b Shaft, c Barrel, d
Channel block

Machine parts for single screw extrusion

Schematic of a single screw extruder

Machine parts for single screw extrusion

Hopper design

Good hopper

Poor hopper

Machine parts for single screw extrusion

Geometry of feed opening in the feed throat

Machine parts for single screw extrusion

Vented extruder barrel with a two stage screw

Machine parts for single screw extrusion

Screw zones main dimensions
Mixing
part
(optional)

Metering zone

compression
(plasticizing zone)

Feed Zone
(Solid conveying zone)

A) single-flighted screw,
B) B) double-flighted
screw
b Channel width,
D Barrel diameter Outer
screw diameter
e,e* Flight width
h Channel depth
t Lead
Flight clearance
j Helix angle

Machine parts for single screw extrusion

Screw zones main dimensions
Mixing
part
(optional)

Metering zone

compression
(plasticizing zone)

Feed Zone
(Solid conveying zone)

Machine parts for single screw extrusion

Dispersive and distributive mixing elements
Dispersive mixing elements

Type Maddock

Type Egan
(with barreir flight)

Distributive mixing elements

Pin mixing sections

Type Saxton
Blister ring

Type Dulmage

Pine apple mixer

Type Mailleffer

Slotted screw

Type Berstorff

Specialties of twin screw extrusion

Machine parts for single screw extrusion

Schematic of a single screw extruder

Machine parts for single screw extrusion

Screw zones main dimensions
Mixing
part
(optional)

Metering zone

compression
(plasticizing zone)

Feed Zone
(Solid conveying zone)

A) single-flighted screw,
B) B) double-flighted
screw
b Channel width=pitch
D Barrel diameter Outer
screw diameter
e,e* Flight width
h Channel depth
t Lead
Flight clearance
j Helix angle

Machine parts for single screw extrusion

Screw zones main dimensions

Machine parts for single screw extrusion

Dispersive and distributive mixing elements
Dispersive mixing elements

Type Maddock

Type Egan
(with barreir flight)

Distributive mixing elements

Pin mixing sections

Type Saxton
Blister ring

Type Dulmage

Pine apple mixer

Type Mailleffer

Slotted screw

Type Berstorff

Melting process
Barrier screw
A barrier flight is used to separate the solid material from the melted material.
A barrier screw has two flights: a main flight and a barrier flight

Melting process

Melt Model of a Screw

Advantages
(1) The barrier screw achieves more stable extrusion than a one.
(2) With a barrier screw, there is virtually no chance of unmelted
material beyond the flight
(3) There is a certain amount of dispersive mixing that occurs as
the plastic melt flow over the barrier flight into the melt channel.
Disadvantages
(1)Barrier screws are no better in performance than nonbarrier
screws
(2) Barrier screws are more expensive than nonbarrier screws,
(3) Because the solid material is restricted to the solids channel,
the barrier is more susceptible to plugging
7

Specialties of twin screw extrusion

Feeding and transport of solid materials

Grooved Sleeve

Feeding and transport of solid materials

Grooved Sleeve types

Machine parts for single screw extrusion

Vented extruder barrel with a two stage screw

Metering and pressure built-up

Devolatilization extruder
a)Feed section
b) Compression
section
c) Metering
d) Decompression
e) Extraction
f) Compression
g) Metering II
h) Valve
i) Die

Machine parts for single screw extrusion

Schematic of a single screw extruder-barrel heating or cooling

Cast film die

Cast film die
Manifold

Inlet channel

Preland design

Extrusion Technologies
Pipe and tube extrusion

Extrusion Technologies
Cast Film Production

Extrusion Technologies
Cast film production

Extrusion line for film production

a) Extruder b) Feeder c) Filter d) Adapter e) Cast Film Die

f) Chill roll g) Thickness Control h) Confectioning
i) Treatment k) Take off l) Wind up

Extrusion Technologies
Blow film Extrusion

Machine parts for single screw extrusion

Dispersive and distributive mixing elements
Dispersive mixing elements

Type Maddock

Type Egan
(with barreir flight)

Distributive mixing elements

Pin mixing sections

Type Saxton
Blister ring

Type Dulmage

Pine apple mixer

Type Mailleffer

Slotted screw

Type Berstorff

Melting process
Barrier screw
A barrier flight is used to separate the solid material from the melted material.
A barrier screw has two flights: a main flight and a barrier flight

Melting process

Melt Model of a Screw

Advantages
(1) The barrier screw achieves more stable extrusion than a one.
(2) With a barrier screw, there is virtually no chance of unmelted
material beyond the flight
(3) There is a certain amount of dispersive mixing that occurs as
the plastic melt flow over the barrier flight into the melt channel.
Disadvantages
(1)Barrier screws are no better in performance than nonbarrier
screws
(2) Barrier screws are more expensive than nonbarrier screws,
(3) Because the solid material is restricted to the solids channel,
the barrier is more susceptible to plugging
4

Machine parts for single screw extrusion

Vented extruder barrel with a two stage screw

Metering and pressure built-up

Devolatilization extruder
a)Feed section
b) Compression
section
c) Metering
d) Decompression
e) Extraction
f) Compression
g) Metering II
h) Valve
i) Die

Machine parts for single screw extrusion

Schematic of a single screw extruder-barrel heating or cooling

Cast film die

Cast film die
Manifold

Inlet channel

Preland design

Extrusion Technologies
Pipe and tube extrusion

Extrusion Technologies
Cast Film Production

Extrusion Technologies
Cast film production

Extrusion line for film production

a) Extruder b) Feeder c) Filter d) Adapter e) Cast Film Die

f) Chill roll g) Thickness Control h) Confectioning
i) Treatment k) Take off l) Wind up

Extrusion Technologies
Blow film Extrusion