Académique Documents
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0GR.463.354-2010
1
Technical characteristics
Capacitor voltage tranformers (hereinafter referred to as CVTs) have the
following characteristics
aIron core C technology makes CVTs more stable and reliable.
bRapid-saturable damp technique can effectively suppress ferro-resonance and keep
three-phase open-delta residual voltage below 1V.
cResidual voltage of transient response can be below 5%. This is able to meet the
requirements of quick relay protection device.
dThe quality is reliable due to good dielectric and insulation material, advanced
design and vacuum impregnation, and excellent partial discharge.
eCVTs do not need to be made maintenance, oil filter and oil change, oil sample
inspection during normal service.
2.1
Purpose
CVTs series is used for high-voltage, extra-high voltage, ultra-high voltage power
system at rated frequency 50Hz. They are intended to provide voltage signal for electrical
measurement instrument, protection and control device, and as a coupling capacitor for
carrier coupling device for power line.
2.2 Applicable range
CVTs are installed outdoor. Ambient air temperature for installation and operation
area is -40 to +55. Altitude does not exceed 2000m.if altitude exceeds 2000m, CVTs
can be specially manufactured in accordance with the purchaser after agreed between the
purchaser and manufacturer. Wind velocity is not more than 150km/h. Earthquake
intensity does not exceed 8 without serious pollution, vibration and bump.
3
3.1
YD
66/ 3
0.02
F
non-effectively earthed neutral
antipollution
rated capacitance F
rated phase voltage kV
serial number of design
capacitor voltage transformer
equipment
Note: Serial number of design represents that number of secondary winding. In case of 3, represents
that number of secondary winding of the product is 3. In case of 13, represents that the product is
equipped with intermediate earthing switch and number of secondary winding is 3.
3.2
3.2.1
effectively earthed neutal system can operate for 30s at 1.5 times rated primary voltage.
CVTs for auto tripping non-earthed neutral system without earth fault can operate for 8h at
1.9 times rated primary voltage.
3.2.2
1/1/1/1-12-12-12 or 1/1/1/1/1-12-12-12-12
3.2.3
Creepage distance of the product having a H in the type is not less than 25mm/kV
3.2.5 Accuracy class and corresponding voltage error, phase angle error, and operating
conditions of CVTs are given in Table 2.
Table 1
kV
35/ 3 66/ 3 110/ 3 115/ 3 132/ 3 150/ 3 220/ 3 230/ 3 275/ 3 330/ 3 400/ 3 500/ 3 765/ 3 1000/ 3
35
110
115
132
150
220
230
275
330
400
500
750
1000
123
145
170
252
245
300
363
420
550
800
1100
66
1300
95
160
200
230
275
325
395
460
460
510
520
740
975
200
350
480
550
650
750
950
1050
1050
1175
1425
1675
2100
2400
850
950
1050
1175
1550
1800
5 min
r.m.s1min
Rated lightning impulse
withstand voltage
peak1.2/50s
Rated switching impusle
withstand voltage
peak250/2500s
Table 2
Item
Error limit
value
Operating
conditions
Protection accuracy
0.2
0.5
1.0
3.0
3P
6P
Voltage error
0.2
0.5
1.0
3.0
3.0
6.0
Phase displacement
error
10
20
40
Not
specified
120
240
Voltage
80120
5150 or 5190
Permissible frequency
range
99101
96102
Permissible temperature
range
Burden
Burden power factor
25100
0.8lagging
NoteThe value in brackets is applied to CVTs for neutral non-effectively earthed system.
3.2.6
Tangent of loss angle of capacitor divider ( tan) is not more than 0.0012.
3.2.8
3.2.9
voltage to secondary voltage. The sum of reactance of compensation reactor and leakage
reactance of CVT, and equivalent capacitive reactance [
1
] in serial resonance can
(C 1 + C 2 )
eliminate voltage variation due to capacitive reactance voltage drop with the change of
secondary burden. This can make voltage stable. The electrical principle diagram is given in
Figure 1.
4.2
Main structure
CVTs have two kinds of structure of combination single stack and separation. Both of them
consist of capacitor divider and electromagnetic unit. The capacitor divider consists of one or
more section capacitors in series. Line terminals are on the top of capacitor divider.
erection, etc. For CVTs having a 220kV and up to 220kV, it is not permissible that more
section capacitors are stacked to lift.
5.2 During transportation and storage, CVTs have to keep right side up, preventing from
collision and other mechanical hurt. CVTs shall be stored a place where ambient air
temperature is -40 to +55, without flammability, explosion, corrosion and vibration.
6
6.1
Connection between CVTs and the base is fixed by screws, nuts and washers. Connection
between capacitors is also fixed by screws, nuts and washers.
6.2 Line terminals on primary side of CVTs is connection board on the top cover of
capacitor divider. Terminal N, in secondary outgoing box, is connected with carrier coupling
device or directly
for the CVT testings at site. The handle of intermediate earthing switch during CVT service
5
Internal terminal in secondary outgoing terminal box has connected with the tank.
7.3 After CVTs are cut off power supply to remove service, touch them after the electrical
conductive part is discharged many times by earth rod.
Maintenance
8.1 It is suggested that capacitance and tan value are checked once each year. During
inspection, ambient air temperature is 2510. The device of capacitance and dielectric
loss measurement is higher than class 3. When the tolerance between capacitance and
measured value in certificate of product exceeds 5% or tan exceeds 0.3%, CVTs shall
be stopped service.
8.2 CVTs are hermetically internally filled in insulating oil. Sealing state of CVTs is usually
checked during service. Inspection location is joint position among upper and lower cover
plate of the capacitor and porcelain bushings, and joint position between outgoing plate
inner secondary outgoing box and the tank. In case of leakage, CVTs shall be stopped
service.
8.3 Oil level in a visual window shall be usually checked during service. When CVTs are
operating at maximum ambient air temperature +55, it is natural that oil level does not
exceed maximum position of the window. When CVTs are operating at minimum ambient
6
air temperature -40, it is natural that oil level does not exceed minimum position of the
window. Once oil level exceeds maximum or mimimum position of the window, detect
whether capacitance and temperature rise of CVTs are abnormal. If the tolerance between
two measured capacitance of single section capacitor is 1%, CVTs shall be removed service
to make an inspection. Temperature rise of the same capacitor and electromagnetic unit of
the same product is compared, using infrared temperature measurement device. In case of
abnormal, CVTs shall be removed service to make an inspection.
During service, do not need to make oil filter, oil change and oil sample inspection.
8.4 Testing principle diagram of capacitance and tan measurement are given in Figure 9
to11. Capacitance and tan inspection are carried out by other correct methods.
Electrical principle diagram of capacitance and tan measurement on CVTs equipped
with intermediate earthing switch are made according to Figure 9 and 10. Electrical
principle diagram of capacitance and tan measurement on CVTs without intermediate
earth switch is given in Figue11. The measurement is carried out by other correct
methods.
At measurement, strictly conform to testing principle diagram and explanation.
8.5 CVTs are enclosed products, capacitor divider can not be separated from electromagnetic
unit unless the manufacturer agrees. During acceptance and service, do not make a withstand
voltage test on forming the whole of connecting lower section capacitor and electromagnetic
unit.
8.6 Burden of secondary windings shall be in the range of 25% to 100% of corresponding
rated burden. Residual voltage windings shall be equipped without burdens during normal
operation, otherwise error limit value of secondary output voltage do not guarantee a
specified range in Table 2.
8.7 During service, usually check whether mechanical and electrical joints of CVTs are
normal and reliable.
8.8 After CVTs are cut off power supply to remove service, touch them after the electrical
conductive part is discharged many times by earth rod.
rated capacitance of
0.01F, 3 secondary windings, respective voltage of 0.1/ 3 kV, 0.1/ 3 kV, 0.1 kV
corresponding accuracy class/burden: 0.2/50VA, 0.5/50VA, 3P/50Vthen item 11 CVT
TYD3110/3-0.01H in Table 3 can satisfy the requirments. In case of equipped with
intermediate earthing switch, please select TYD13110/ 3 -0.01H.
Special design is able to be carried out in accordance with the purchaser.
SN
Type
Rated
voltage
kV
1*
TYD235/ 3 -0.01HF
2*
TYD335/ 3 -0.01HF
TYD235/ 3 -0.02HF
TYD335/ 3 -0.02HF
4
TYD366/ 3 -0.01HF
5*
TYD366/ 3 -0.015HF
6*
TYD366/ 3 -0.02HF
7
TYD2110/ 3 -0.007H
*
TYD12110/ 3 -0.007H
TYD3110/ 3 -0.007H
*
TYD13110/ 3 -0.007H
TYD2110/ 3 -0.01H
10
TYD12110/ 3 -0.01H
TYD3110/ 3 -0.01H
11
TYD13110/ 3 -0.01H
12
TYD4110/ 3 -0.01H
TYD14110/ 3 -0.01H
TYD3110/ 3 -0.015H
13*
TYD13110/ 3 -0.015H
35/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/3
35/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/3
35/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/3
35/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/3
66/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/3
66/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/3
66/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/3
110/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1
110/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1
110/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1
110/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1
110/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1
110/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1
Rated
capacitance
Accuracy
class/
secondary
burden VA
0.01
1a1n0.2/20
dadn3P/100
0.01
1a1n0.2/10
2a2n0.5/20
dadn3P/100
0.02
1a1n0.2/30
dadn3P/100
0.02
1a1n0.2/20
2a2n0.5/20
dadn3P/100
0.01
1a1n0.2/10
2a2n0.5/20
dadn3P/100
0.015
1a1n0.2/20
2a2n0.5/20
dadn3P/100
0.02
1a1n0.2/20
2a2n0.5/20
dadn3P/100
0.007
an0.2/50
dadn3P/100
0.007
1a1n0.2/50
2a2n0.5/75
dadn3P/100
0.01
an0.2/50
dadn3P/100
0.01
1a1n0.2/50
2a2n0.5/75
dadn3P/100
0.01
1a1n0.2/50
2a2n0.5/50
3a3n0.5/50
dadn3P/100
0.015
1a1n0.2/75
2a2n0.5/100
dadn3P/100
Outline
and
installation
hole
Outline
dimensionmm drawing
LW1H
AL1W2
7606851490
425
Pitch of holes
500500
CG
Weight H Height
kg
h
mm
480
610
642
800
Figure 2
7606852100
425
Pitch of holes
500500
6705902040
425
Pitch of holes
480480
7606852100
425
Pitch of holes
550550
6705902040
425
Pitch of holes
480480
7606852100
425
Pitch of holes
550550
480
800
490
800
480
800
490
800
510
800
500
800
Table 3continued
SN
Type
Rated
voltage
kV
Rated
capacitance
Accuracy class/
secondary burden
VA
110/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1
110/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1
110/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1
110/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1
110/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1
TYD2115/ 3 -0.01H
115/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1
0.01
20*
TYD3132/ 3 -0.015H
132/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1
0.015
21*
0.0035
an0.2/50
dadn3P/100
220/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1
0.0035
1a1n0.2/50
2a2n
0.5/100
dadn3P/100
220/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1
0.005
TYD3110/
3 -0.02H
14
TYD13110/ 3 -0.02H
15
16
17*
TYD4110/ 3 -0.02H
TYD14110/ 3 -0.02H
TYD3110/ 3 -0.025H
TYD13110/ 3 -0.025H
TYD4110/ 3 -0.025H
TYD14110/ 3 -0.025H
TYD3110/ 3 -0.04H
*
18
TYD13110/ 3 -0.04H
19*
TYD3220/ 3 -0.0035H
*
22
TYD13220/ 3 -0.0035H
TYD2220/ 3 -0.005H
23
TYD12220/ 3 -0.005H
TYD3220/ 3 -0.005H
24
TYD13220/ 3 -0.005H
TYD4220/ 3 -0.005H
25
TYD14220/ 3 -0.005H
220/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1
220/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1
Outline
and
installation
holes
Outline
dimensionmm drawing
LW1H
AL1W2
7606852100
425
Pitch of holes
550550
0.02
1a1n0.2/100
2a2n0.5/100
dadn3P/100
0.02
1a1n0.2/50
2a2n0.5/50
3a3n0.5/50
dadn3P/100
7606852120
425
Pitch of holes
550550
0.025
1a1n0.2/100
2a2n0.5/100
dadn3P/100
7606852100
425
Pitch of holes
550550
0.025
1a1n0.2/75
2a2n0.5/75
3a3n3P/75
dadn3P/100
7606852080
425
Pitch of holes
550550
0.04
1a1n0.2/100
2a2n0.5/100
dadn3P/100
an0.2/50
dadn3P/100
1a1n0.2/75
2a2n0.5/100
dadn3P/100
an0.2/50
dadn3P/100
0.005
1a1n0.2/50
2a2n0.5/75
dadn3P/100
0.005
1a1n0.2/50
2a2n0.5/50
3a3n0.5/50
dadn3P/100
7606852130
425
Pitch of holes
550550
6705902000
425
Pitch of holes
480480
7606852335
430
Pitch of holes
550550
6705903354
425
Pitch of holes
480480
7606853390
425
Pitch of holes
550550
6605903354
425
Pitch of holes
480480
7606853390
425
Pitch of holes
550550
7606853390
425
Pitch of holes
550550
Weight
kg
CG
Height
h
mm
610
800
715
800
610
800
715
800
740
1000
460
800
740
1100
668
1340
780
1375
668
1340
780
1375
780
1375
Figure 2
Figure 3
10
Table 3continued
SN
Type
Rated
voltage
kV
26
27
28
29
30
31*
32*
33*
34
35
36*
37*
220/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
TYD13220/ 3 -0.0075H
0.1
220/ 3
TYD3220/ 3 -0.01H
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
TYD13220/ 3 -0.01H
0.1
220/ 3
TYD4220/ 3 -0.01H
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
TYD14220/ 3 -0.01H
0.1/ 3
0.1
220/ 3
TYD3220/ 3 -0.0125H
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
TYD13220/ 3 -0.0125H
0.1
220/ 3
TYD4220/ 3 -0.0125H 0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
TYD14220/ 3 -0.0125H 0.1/ 3
0.1
220/ 3
0.1/ 3
TYD3220/ 3 -0.02H
0.1/ 3
0.1
TYD3220/ 3 -0.0075H
TYD2230/ 3 -0.005H
230/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1
275/ 3
TYD3275/ 3 -0.0075H 0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1
330/ 3
TYD3330/ 3 -0.005H 0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
TYD13330/ 3 -0.005H
0.1
330/ 3
TYD4330/ 3 -0.005H 0.1/ 3
TYD14330/ 3 -0.005H 0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1
330/ 3
TYD3330/ 3 -0.0075H 0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
TYD13330/ 3 -0.0075H
0.1
330/ 3
TYD3330/ 3 -0.01H
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
TYD13330/ 3 -0.01H
0.1
Rated
capacitance
F
Accuracy
class/
secondary
burden VA
0.0075
1a1n0.2/100
2a2n0.5/100
dadn3P/100
0.01
1a1n0.2/100
2a2n0.5/100
dadn3P/100
0.01
1a1n0.2/50
2a2n0.5/50
3a3n0.5/50
dadn3P/100
0.0125
1a1n0.2/100
2a2n0.5/100
dadn3P/100
0.0125
1a1n0.2/100
2a2n3P/100
3a3n3P/100
dadn3P/100
0.02
1a10.2/100
2a20.5/100
dadn3P/100
0.005
an0.2/50
dadn3P/100
0.0075
1a1n0.2/75
2a2n0.5/75
dadn3P/100
0.005
1a1n0.2/75
2a2n0.5/100
dadn3P/100
0.005
1a1n0.2/50
2a2n0.5/50
3a3n3P/50
dadn3P/100
0.0075
1a1n0.2/100
2a2n0.5/100
dadn3P/100
0.01
1a1n0.2/100
2a2n0.5/100
dadn3P/100
Outline and
installation
holes
dimensionmm
LW1H
AL1W2
Outline
drawing
7606853440
425
Pitch of holes
550550
7606853410
425
Pitch of holes
550550
CG
Height
h
mm
Weight
kg
785
1375
860
1375
1025
1375
860
1375
1025
1375
1100
1580
668
1340
1441
2230
Figure 3
7606853440
425
Pitch of holes
550550
7606853410
425
Pitch of holes
550550
7606853530
425
Pitch of holes
550550
6605903340
425
Pitch of holes
480480
7606854770
430
Pitch of holes
550550
Figure 4
11
Table 3continued
SN
Type
Rated
voltage
kV
TYD3400/ 3 -0.005H
38
39
TYD3500/ 3 -0.005H
TYD13500/ 3 -0.005H
TYD4500/ 3 -0.005H
40
TYD14500/ 3 -0.005H
41
TYD3525/ 3 -0.005H
TYD13525/ 3 -0.005H
TYD4525/ 3 -0.005H
42
TYD14525/ 3 -0.005H
43
TYD3550/ 3 -0.005H
TYD13550/ 3 -0.005H
TYD4550/ 3 -0.005H
44
45
TYD14550/ 3 -0.005H
TYD13765/ 3 -0.005H
TYD14765/ 3 -0.005H
46
400/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1
500/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1
500/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1
525/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1
525/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1
550/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1
550/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1
765/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1
765/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1/ 3
0.1
Rated
capacitance
F
Accuracy class/
secondary burden
VA
1a1n0.2/75
Outline and
installation
holes
dimensionmm
LW1H
AL1W2
dadn3P/75
CG
Weight Height
h
kg
mm
7606855490
2a2n0.5/75
0.005
Outline
drawing
430
Pitch
of
holes
1825
2400
2020
2800
2020
2800
2360
2800
2020
2800
2020
2800
2020
2800
3220
3900
550550
1a1n0.2/75
0.005
2a2n0.5/75
dadn3P/75
1a1n0.2/75
2a2n0.5/75
0.005
3a3n3P/75
Figure 5
dadn3P/100
1a1n0.2/75
0.005
2a2n0.5/75
dadn3P/75
0.005
7606856185
430
1a1n0.2/75
Pitch of holes
2a2n0.5/75
550550
3a3n3P/75
dadn3P/100
1a1n0.2/75
0.005
2a2n0.5/75
dadn3P/75
1a1n0.2/75
0.005
2a2n0.5/75
3a3n3P/75
dadn3P/100
1a1n0.2/50
0.005
2a2n0.5/50
dadn3P/50
0.005
10077108265
1a1n0.2/30
6 34
evenly
2a2n0.5/50
distributed on
3a3n0.5/50
Figure 6
dadn3P/50
12
Table 3 (end)
SN
Type
Rated
voltage
Rated
capacitance
kV
Accuracy class/
secondary burden
VA
Outline and
installation
holes
dimensionmm
LW1H
AL1W2
Outline
drawing
CG
Weight Height
h
kg
mm
Capacitor divider
103571012600
6 34
47
1000/
0.1/
TYD 1000/ 3 -0.005H
0.1/
0.1/
separation
0.1
3
3
3
0.005
evenly
1a1n0.2/15
distributed on
2a2n0.5/15
the circle805
3a3n0.5/15
electromagnetic unit
dadn3P/15
1215810645
Figure 7
5880
425
Pitch
of
holes
550550
Note CG: centre of gravity.
Type with *in SN is irregular product, which is not recommended.
Accuracy class/secondary burden is made a commissioning in accordance with the purchaser.
13
5520
Electromagnetic unit
SN
Type
Single stack
Whole
Separation
Electromagnetic
unit
connector
divider
Lower section
capacitor
Middle
Upper
Line
corona
stud
section section
nut
Spring
Flat
washer
washer
terminal
Package
Instruction
case
manual
divider
TYD35
TYD66
TYD110
TYD115
TYD132
TYD220
TYD230
TYD275
1
1
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
32
32
32
TYD330
16
32
32
32
10
TYD400
20
40
40
40
11
TYD500
20
40
40
40
12
TYD500
30
60
60
60
13
TYD765
30
60
60
60
14
TYD1000
40
80
80
80
1
1
15
Note Each section capacitor is assembled on the basis of capacitor number and sequence on nameplate.
Stud of product 220kV is GB/T 901lineM12120,busbarM14130. Stud of product 330kV is GB/T 901M14130. Stud of 500kV product is GB/T 901M14
140. Stud of product 765kV is GB/T 901M16140.Stud of 1000kV product is GB/T 901M20160. Nuts and washers match to corresponding studs
Ex-factory line terminals has been mounted on the cover on upper section capacitor divider or put in the package case of corona.
Serial number of design is filled in . Please see clause 3.1 for details.
14
Figure 2
1 High-voltage capacitance C1
3 Intermediate-voltage bushing
5 Connection board
6 Electromagnetic unit
7 Low-voltage bushing
8 Line terminal
9 Connection sheet
D Damp device
L Compensation reactor
P Protection device
T Intermediate transformer
Figure 3
1 High-voltage capacitance C1
3 Intermediate-voltage bushing
5 Connection board
6 Electromagnetic unit
7 Low-voltage bushing
8 Line terminal
9 Connection sheet
D Damp device
L Compensation reactor
P Protection device
T Intermediate transformer
Figure 4
1 Corona
2 High-voltage capacitance C1
4 Intermediate-voltage bushing
Intermediate capacitance C2
6 Connection board
7 Electromagnetic unit
8 Low-voltage bushing
9 Line terminal
10 Connection sheet
D Damp device
L Compensation reactor
P Protection device
T Intermediate transformer
Figure 5
1 Corona
2 High-voltage capacitance C1
4 Intermediate-voltage bushing
Intermediate capacitance C2
6 Connection board
7 Electromagnetic unit
8 Low-voltage bushing
9 Line terminal
10 Connection sheet
D Damp device
L Compensation reactor
P Protection device
T Intermediate transformer
Figure 6
1 Corona
2 High-voltage capacitance C1
4 Intermediate-voltage bushing
Intermediate capacitance C2
6 Connection board
7 Electromagnetic unit
8 Low-voltage bushing
9 Line terminal
10 Connection sheet
D Damp device
L Compensation reactor
P Protection device
T Intermediate transformer
Figure 7
1 Corona
2 Line terminal
3 High-voltage capacitance C1
4 Intermediate capacitance C2
5 Low-voltage bushing
6 Pedestal
7 Intermediate-voltage bushing
8
Electromagnetic unit
9 Secondary outgoing box
10 Earthing board
11 Connection wire
P Protection device
L Compensation reactor
T Intermediate transformer
D Damp device
N Carrier communication terminal
A2 Primary voltage terminal of electromagnetic unit
XL Low-voltage terminal of compensation reactor
A1 Intermediate terminal of capacitor divider
1a1n Secondary 1a1n winding terminal 2a2n Secondary 2a2n winding terminal
3a3n Secondary 3a3n winding terminal dadn Residual voltage winding terminal
20
Figure 9-1
Principle diagram
Figure 9
Figure 9-2
Principle diagram
Figure 10-2
Principle diagram
21
Figure 11-1