Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
2011
SECTION
3.1
3.3
3.5
5.1
Shape
Flaw indications are to be classified as either linear or rounded.
i)
Linear flaw indications are classified as having a length equal to or greater than 3 times (3x) the width.
ii)
Rounded flaw indications are classified as having a circular or elliptical shape and the length of the
ellipse is less than 3 times (3x) the width.
5.3
All valid indications formed by magnetic particle examination are the result of magnetic
leakage fields. Flaw indications may be relevant, non-relevant, or false.
5.3.1
Relevant indications are produced by leakage fields which are the result of
discontinuities. Relevant indications require evaluation with regard to the acceptance
standards stated below.
5.3.2
False indications are not the result of magnetic forces. Examples are particles held
mechanically or by gravity in shallow depressions, or particles held by rust or scale
on the surface.
5.5
5.5.1
ii)
Welds are to be free from excessive overlap, excessive convexity, and undersize weld or underfill.
iii)
Thorough fusion shall exist between adjacent layers of weld metal and between weld metal and base
metal.
iv)
v)
For welds exhibiting undercut, refer to 8/5.5.5 below. At the discretion of the Surveyor, undercut
considered non-conforming is subject to be inspected further by other nondestructive test methods
such as magnetic particle method, liquid penetrant method, radiographic method, or ultrasonic
method.
vi)
Arc strikes outside the weld groove are to be dressed and removed.
5.5.2
Cracks
Incomplete Fusion
Welds are to be free of any lack of fusion between weld metal and base metal.
5.5.4
Porosity
i)
Complete joint penetration (CJP) groove welds in butt joints transverse to the members subject to
tensile stress are not to have piping porosity. For all other complete joint penetration (CJP) groove
welds and full penetration fillet welds, the frequency of piping porosity is not to exceed one in each
100 mm (4 in.) of length and the maximum diameter is not to exceed 2.5 mm (0.1 in.).
ii)
For fillet welds connecting stiffeners to web and partial penetration fillet welds, the sum of the piping
1
3
porosity 1 mm ( /24 in.) or greater in diameter is not to exceed 10 mm ( /8 in.) in any linear 25 mm (1
3
in.) of weld and is not to exceed 19 mm ( /4 in.) in any 300 mm (12 in.) length of weld. The maximum
3
diameter of the piping porosity is not to exceed 2.5 mm ( /32 in.).
Undercut
Undercut refers to a groove melted in the base metal adjacent to a weld toe at the face or root of
the weld. In addition to visual inspection requirement on undercut in 8/5.5.1 above, undercut revealed from
VT, MT or PT have the following acceptance criteria for butt welds and fillet welds:
5.5.5
i)
In primary members, undercut is to be no more than 0.25 mm (0.01 in.) deep when the weld is
transverse to tensile stress under any design loading condition.
Section
ii)
iii)
Undercut depth up to 0.8 mm ( /32 in.) with a maximum continuous length of 90 mm (3 /2 in.) is
acceptable. Adjacent undercuts separated by a distance shorter than the shortest undercut should be
regarded as a single continuous undercut.
Assessment of depth is to be done by visual and mechanical means, and assessment of depth using
magnetic particle or liquid penetrant method is not acceptable