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NURSING
Lydia Hall
Outline
Level
The frst is Second
that nursing
functions
differently inthe
three
interlocking
Third
Outline
circles that constitute
Level aspects of the
patient 1
Fourth Outline
Fifth Outline
CARE - The patients body2
Level
CURE -The diseaseaffecting
Sixth the body3
Outline
CORE -The person of the patient
which is being affectedLevel
by each of the
Types of theories
Grand theories
Examples
Leninger
Newman
Situation specifc
NURSING PARADIGM
NURSING
PERSON
HEALTH
ENVIRONMENT
2.
3.
4.
Florence Nightingale
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outline
Developed and
frst
text format
Nursing Theory
Second
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Nightingale believed
that
diseaseLevel
was
a reparative process
that the
Thirdand
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manipulation
of Level
the
patients
surroundings-ventilation,
warmth,
Fourth Outline
light, diet, cleanliness, and noise
Level
She focused on changing and manipulating the
environment
Fifth
Outline
in order to put the patient in the best possible
conditions
Level
for nature to act.
Sixth
She provided the nursing profession the legacy
of caring
Outline
Florence Nightingale = Environment
Level
13 Canons
She identifed the following aspects as major areas of the physical, social, and psychological
environment that the nurse could control:
Health of houses
Light
Noise
Variety
Personal Cleanliness
CONCEPTS
Application
Miss angel gonzaga is a 25 year old female who had been admitted to the
medical unit with the chief complaint of frequent, watery stool since last
night. This is accompanied by abdominal cramps, N&V. her VS are as follows:
T=38.6, P=98, RR23, BP=100/70. she complains of weakness, thirst, dryness
of mouth. Her skin is warm, fushed, and dry. Her urine is dark yellow in
color
She claims, she had eaten oysters for dinner. She lives in a crowded
community close to landfll and shares toilet with 4 other families. Their
source of drinking is from pump well in the community. She does not
practice good handwashing after using the toilet. SE revealed salmonellosis
She is tearful. She express great concern over her absence from her job in
a garment factory and over her health and expense for hospitalization
A. Assessment
1.
2.
3.
4.
B. Plan
Fluid and electrolyte losses
1.
1.
3.
Provide small frequent feeding. This better tolerated by patients with nausea
3.
Render TSB
B. Physical Environment
2.
Cleanliness.
1.
Cleanliness
1.
3.
Pure air. Assess for ventilation, offensive odors, eg. Odors of the
garbage and landfll
Drainage. Assess the home and workplace for means to keep the
areas clean, and freedom from excessive dust, mold, mildew, pet
droppings (from cats and dogs), offensive odors, dust catcher
things (fles of papers, unused jars, plastic container, unused old
clothes, etc)
Bed and bedding. Assess the bed for space and comfort. Assess
the bedding for cleanliness and availability of areas for laundry
and drying of bedding (for home environment only).
Noise. Assess the area for loud, offensive and unnecessary noise
C. Psychological Environment
2.
Critical Thinking
Miss Sarah Alonzo, a 22 year old female had consulted the health
center because of fever since three days ago. This accompanied by loss
of appetite to eat, body malaise, headache, abdominal pains, dizziness.
Her VS sre as follows T=38.7, PR=86, RR=21, BP=90/60. Miss alonzo
claims that she had lost weight because of her fever and loss of
appetite to eat. She lives in a crowded community which is constantly
submerged in water due to foods. This causes severe problems in
sanitation and source of water supply. Laboratory test and physical
examination revealed DHF
1.
Assessment
Plan
Physical environment
1.
Psychological environment
1.
1.
Nutrition
Virginia Henderson
Third
Outline
function of theLevel
nurse is to assist the
client sick or well in the
Fourth
Outline
performance of those
activities
Levelor its
contributing to health
recovery, that clients Fifth
wouldOutline
perform
Level
unaided if they had the
necessary
Sixth
strength, will or knowledge*
Outline
Virginia Henderson =Level
14 Basic
Needs
14 Basic needs
Breath Normally
Maintain body temperature within normal range by adjusting clothing and modifying the environment
Keep body clean and well groomed and protect the integument
Introduced
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patientthe outline
centered
text format
Approaches to
Nursing Model
Second Outline Level
She identifed
21 nursing
Third Outline
problems
Level
Outline
She defnedFourth
nursing
as a
service to Level
individuals and
Fifth to
Outline
families; therefore
the
Level
society*
Sixth
Faye Glenn Abdellah= 21
Outline
Level
21 Nursing Problems
Dorothy Johnson
Conceptualized
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Behavioral
the outline
System Model
text format
Third Outline
Ingestive
Level
Eliminative
Fourth Outline
Level
Affliative
Fifth Outline
Dependence
Level
Achievement
Sixth
Sexual and role identityOutline
behavior
Level
Dorothea Orem
behalf in maintaining
health and
Third life,
Outline
well being. Level
Outline
She conceptualizesFourth
three Nursing
systems as follows:Level
Fifth Outline
Wholly compensatory
Level
Partially compensatory
Sixth
Outline
Supportive educative
Level
Madeline Linenger
Developed Transcultural
Nursing Model
concepts include
care, caring,
Sixth
cultural values Outline
and cultural
variations
Level
Imogene King
Fifthand
Outline
on transactions occurLevel
and goals are
achieved
Sixth
Imogene King = GoalOutline
Attainment
Level
Theory
Myra Levin
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to edit
the outline
proposed
conservation
text format
principles
of nursing which are
concerned with unity and
Second Outline Level
integrity of the individual.
Third Outline
Described the
LevelFour
Conservation Principles
Fourth Outline
Conservation Level
of Energy
Fifth Outline
Conservation of Structural
Level
Integrity
Sixth
Conservation of Personal
Outline
Integrity
Level
Hildegard Peplau
Introduced
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editInterpersonal
the outline
Model
text format
Second nursing
Outline Level
She defned
as an
interpersonal
process of
Third Outline
therapeutic
Level interactions
between an individual whos
Fourth Outline
sick or in need of health
Level
services and a nurse
Fifth Outline
especially
educated
to
recognize and Level
respond to
Martha Rogers
Human Field*
Environmental Field*
Third Outline
Level feld in constant
Unitary Man is an energy
interaction with the environment
Fourth Outline
Level
The unitary human being and the
Fifththerefore
Outline
environment are integral and
Level
viewed as a whole*
Furthermore, she believed that human being is characterized
by
Sixth
the capacity for abstraction and imagery, language and
thought,
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sensation and emotion
Level
Third Outline
Level
Fourth Outline
Level
Fifth Outline
Level
Sixth
Outline
Level
Clickperson
to edit
outline
She viewed each
as the
unifed
textsystem
formatin constant
biopsychosocial
interaction with a changing environment1
Third
Outline
process, output and feedback
Level
Fifth Outline
Accordingly she believed that adaptive human behaviorLevel
is directed as an
attempt to maintain homeostatis or integrity of the individual
by
Care nurturance
and exclusive
to nursing*
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to edit
the outline
format
Core involves thetext
therapeutic
use of self and
emphasizes the use of refection*
Third
Outline
related to the physicians orders*
Level
Fourth Outline
As the patient needs less medical
Levelcare, he or she
needs more professional Nursing
care and teaching
Fifth Outline
Third , wholly professional nursing care will hasten recovery
Level
Describes the concept of team nursing, which gives
the
Sixth
care of less complicated cases to caregivers with less
Outline
training
Level
Lydia HALL CaRE, CoRE, CuRE
Conceptualized
Click toThe
edit Dynamic
the outline
Nurse text
Patient
format
Relationship
Model
Second Outline Level
She believedthat
theOutline
nurse helps
Third
patients meet aLevel
perceived need
that the patients cannot meet for
Fourth Outline
themselves
Level
Fifth
Outline
She observed that the
nurse
Level to
provides direct assistance
meet an immediate need
Sixthfor help
in order to alleviate distress
Outline or
helplessness*
Level
Jean Watson
Click toHuman
edit the
outline
Model (Nursing:
Science
and
text format
Human Care).
Second
Outlinethe
Level
She emphasized
that nursing
application of theThird
art and
human
Outline
Science through Level
transpersonal caring
transactions to help person achieve
Fourth Outline
mind-body soul harmony*
Level
She included health promotion
and
Fifth Outline
treatment of illness in nursing
Level
She believed that a person is valued being to be cared
for,
Sixth
respected, nurtured, understood and assisted; a fully
functional
Outline
integrated self
Level
Jean Watson Science and Philosophy of Caring
Introduced
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the Science
to edit the
of human
outline
Becoming text format
Second
OutlineofLevel
She emphasized
free choice
personal meaning
in relating
value
Third
Outline
properties, co-creating
Level of
rhythmical patterns, in exchange
Fourth Outline
with the environment, and
Level
contrascending in many dimensions
Fifth Outline
as possibilities
unfold*
She believed that each choice
open certain
opportunities
Level
while closing others
Sixth
Since each individual makes his or her own personal choices,
Outline
the role of the nurse is that of guide, not a decision maker
Level
Joyce Travelbee
She advocatedSecond
that theOutline
goal ofLevel
Nursing is to assist
individual
or
Third
Outline
family in preventing
or coping with
Level
illness, regaining health, fnding
Fourth Outline
meaning in illness, or maintaining
Level
maximal degree of health
Outline
She further viewed that interpersonal process isFifth
a human
Level
to human relationship formed during illness and
Sixth
experience of suffering*
Outline
The H2H in nursing situations, is the means through which
Level
the purpose of nursing is accomplished
She postulated
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to Interpersonal
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aspects of Nursing
text format
Model.
Extreme anguish
Patricia Benner
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Dr PatriciaClick
Bennerintroduced
textthat
format
the concept
expert nurses
Outline Level
develop skillsSecond
and understanding
of patient care over
Third time
Outline
through a soundLevel
educational
Fourth Outline
base as well as a multitude
of
Level
experiences.
She further explains that the development of knowledge
Fifth Outline
in applied disciplines
such
as
medicine
and
nursing
is
She proposed that one
could
Level
composed of the extension of practical knowledge
skills
gain
knowledge
and
Sixth
(know how) through research and the characterization
Outline
("knowing
how")
without
and understanding of the "know how" of clinical ever
Level
learning
the
theory
("knowing
experience.
Stage 1: Novice
Stage 3: Competent
Stage 4: Profcient
The profcient nurse can now recognize when the expected normal
picture does not materialize.
This is not to say that the expert never uses analytic tools. Highly
Rozzano Locsin
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text format
Credentials
PhD: University
Third Outline
Level
Teaching
Nursing Research
Research interest
Awards
University Research of the Year - Professor, Scholarly & Creative Works, FAU
2006