135engineering Mathematics

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GATE SOLVED PAPER - EE

YEAR 2013
Q. 1
Q. 2
Q. 3
ONE MARK
Given a vector field Fv = y2 xavx - yzavy - x2 avz , the line integral

along a segment on the x -axis from x = 1 to x = 2 is
(A) - 2.33
(B) 0
(D) 7
(C) 2.33
2 - 2 x1
0
The equation >
= > H has
H
>
H
1 - 1 x2
0
(A) no solution
(C) non-zero unique solution
# Fv : dlv evaluated
x1
0
(B) only one solution > H = > H
x2
0
(D) multiple solutions
n
i
.
o
c
Square roots of - i , where i = - 1 , are

(A) i , - i
(B) cos d- p n + i sin d- p n, cos b 3p l + i sin b 3p l
4
4
4
4
.
a
i
d
o
(C) cos d p n + i sin b 3p l, cos b 3p l + i sin d p n

4
4
4
4
(D) cos b 3p l + i sin b- 3p l, cos b- 3p l + i sin b 3p l
4
4
4
4
Q. 4
.n
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The curl of the gradient of the scalar field defined by V = 2x2 y + 3y2 z + 4z2 x is
(A) 4xyavx + 6yzavy + 8zxavz
(B) 4avx + 6avy + 8avz
(C) ^4xy + 4z2h avx + ^2x2 + 6yz h avy + ^3y2 + 8zx h avz
(D) 0
Q. 5
A continuous random variable X has a probability density function f ^x h = e-x ,

0 < x < 3. Then P "X > 1, is
(A) 0.368
(B) 0.5
(C) 0.632
(D) 1.0
YEAR 2013
Q. 6
Q. 7
TWO MARKS
When the Newton-Raphson method is applied to solve the equation

f ^x h = x3 + 2x - 1 = 0 , the solution at the end of the first iteration with the initial
value as x 0 = 1.2 is
(A) - 0.82
(B) 0.49
(C) 0.705
(D) 1.69
A function y = 5x2 + 10x is defined over an open interval x = ^1, 2h. Atleast at one
point in this interval, dy/dx is exactly
(A) 20
(B) 25
(C) 30
(D) 35
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Q. 8
# zz
, is
2
2
- 4 dz evaluated anticlockwise around the circle z - i = 2 , where i =

+4
(A) - 4p
(C) 2 + p
Q. 9
(B) 0
(D) 2 + 2i
.
a
i
d
1 2
(B) >
- 2 - 4H
o
n
-1 0
(C) >
0 - 2H
0 1
(D) >
- 2 - 3H
.
w
YEAR 2012
Q. 11
ONE MARK
Two independent random variables X and Y are uniformly distributed in the

interval 6- 1, 1@. The probability that max 6X, Y @ is less than 1/2 is
(A) 3/4
(B) 9/16
(C) 1/4
(D) 2/3
If x = - 1, then the value of xx is

(A) e- p/2
.
a
1 - 2 . If C is a counter clockwise path in the z -plane

z+1 z+3
such that z + 1 = 1, the value of 1 # f (z) dz is
2p j C
(B) - 1
(A) - 2
(C) 1
(D) 2
Given f (z) =
i
d
Q. 13
in
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(B) e p/2
(D) 1
(C) x
Q. 12
in
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1
A Matrix has eigenvalues - 1 and - 2 . The corresponding eigenvectors are > H
-1
1
and > H respectively. The matrix is
-2
1 1
(A) >
- 1 - 2H
Q. 10
o
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With initial condition x (1) = 0.5 , the solution of the differential equation
t dx + x = t , is
dt
(A) x = t - 1
(B) x = t 2 - 1
2
2
2
(C) x = t
2
(D) x = t
2
YEAR 2012
Q. 14
Q. 15
-1
TWO MARKS
-5 -3
1 0
Given that A = >
, the value of A3 is
and I = >
H
2 0
0 1H
(B) 19A + 30I
(A) 15A + 12I
(C) 17A + 15I
(D) 17A + 21I
The maximum value of f (x) = x3 - 9x2 + 24x + 5 in the interval [1, 6] is
(A) 21
(B) 25
(C) 41
(D) 46

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Q. 16
A fair coin is tossed till a head appears for the first time. The probability that the
number of required tosses is odd, is
(A) 1/3
(B) 1/2
(C) 2/3
(D) 3/4
Q. 17
The direction of vector A is radially outward from the origin, with A = krn .
where r2 = x2 + y2 + z2 and k is a constant. The value of n for which d:A = 0 is
(A) - 2
(B) 2
(C) 1
(D) 0
Q. 18
Consider the differential equation

d 2 y (t)
dy (t)
dy
+2
+ y (t) = d (t) with y (t) t = 0 =- 2 and
2
dt
dt
dt
dy
The numerical value of
is
dt t = 0
(A) - 2
(B) - 1
(C) 0
(D) 1
.
a
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YEAR 2011
Q. 19
ONE MARK
Roots of the algebraic equation x3 + x2 + x + 1 = 0 are

(A) (+ 1, + j, - j)
(C) (0, 0, 0)
Q. 20
=0
t = 0-
(B) (+ 1, - 1, + 1)
(D) (- 1, + j, - j)
in
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A point Z has been plotted in the complex plane, as shown in figure below.
i
d
.
a
o
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The plot of the complex number Y = 1 is

Z

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Q. 21
With K as a constant, the possible solution for the first order differential equation
dy
= e-3x is
dx
(B) - 13 e3x + K
(A) - 13 e-3x + K
(C) - 13 e-3x + K
(D) - 3e-x + K
in
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co
YEAR 2011
Q. 22
.
a
TWO MARKS
Solution of the variables x1 and x2 for the following equations is to be obtained

by employing the Newton-Raphson iterative method.
i
d
Equation (1)
10x2 sin x1 - 0.8 = 0
Equation (2)
10x 22 - 10x2 cos x1 - 0.6 = 0
Assuming the initial values are x1 = 0.0 and x2 = 1.0 , the jacobian matrix is
10
(A) >
0
0
(C) >
10
Q. 23
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- 0.8
- 0.6H
- 0.8
- 0.6H
10 0
(B) >
0 10H
10 0
(D) >
10 - 10H
The function f (x) = 2x - x2 - x3 + 3 has

(A) a maxima at x = 1 and minimum at x = 5
(B) a maxima at x = 1 and minimum at x =- 5
(C) only maxima at x = 1 and
in
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(D) only a minimum at x = 5

Q. 24
A zero mean random signal is uniformly distributed between limits - a and + a

and its mean square value is equal to its variance. Then the r.m.s value of the
signal is
(A) a
(B) a
3
2
(C) a 2
(D) a 3
.
a
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Q. 25
Q. 26
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2 1
The matrix [A] = >
is decomposed into a product of a lower triangular
4 - 1H
matrix [L] and an upper triangular matrix [U]. The properly decomposed [L] and
[U] matrices respectively are
1 0
1 1
2 0
1 1
(A) >
and >
(B) >
and > H
H
H
H
4 -1
0 -2
4 -1
0 1
1 0
2 1
2 0
1 1.5
(C) > H and >
(D) >
and >
4 1
0 - 1H
4 - 3H
0 1H
The two vectors [1,1,1] and [1, a, a2] where a = _- 12 + j

(A) Orthonormal
(C) Parallel
3
2
i, are
(B) Orthogonal
(D) Collinear
YEAR 2010
Q. 27
ONE MARK
1
The value of the quantity P , where P = # xex dx , is equal to

0
(A) 0
(B) 1
(C) e
(D) 1/e

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Q. 28
Divergence of the three-dimensional radial vector field r is

(A) 3
(B) 1/r
t)
t
t
t
(C) i + j + k
(D) 3 (ti + tj + k
in
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YEAR 2010
Q. 29
A box contains 4 white balls and 3 red balls. In succession, two balls are randomly
and removed form the box. Given that the first removed ball is white, the
probability that the second removed ball is red is
(A) 1/3
(B) 3/7
(C) 1/2
Q. 30
Q. 31
.
a
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(D) 4/7
J1 1 0N
K
O
An eigenvector of P = K0 2 2O is
K0 0 3O
(A) 8- 1 1 1BT
L
P
T
(C) 81 - 1 2B
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(B) 81 2 1BT
(D) 82 1 - 1BT
2
For the differential equation d x2 + 6 dx + 8x = 0 with initial conditions x (0) = 1
dt
dt
and dx
= 0 , the solution is
dt t = 0
(B) x (t) = 2e- 2t - e- 4t
(A) x (t) = 2e- 6t - e- 2t
(C) x (t) =- e- 6t + 2e- 4t
(D) x (t) = e- 2t + 2e- 4t
Q. 32
TWO MARKS
in
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For the set of equations, x1 + 2x2 + x 3 + 4x 4 = 2 and 3x1 + 6x2 + 3x 3 + 12x 4 = 6 .

The following statement is true.
(A) Only the trivial solution x1 = x2 = x 3 = x 4 = 0 exists
(B) There are no solutions
i
d
.
a
(C) A unique non-trivial solution exists

(D) Multiple non-trivial solutions exist
Q. 33
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At t = 0 , the function f (t) = sin t has

t
(A) a minimum
(C) a point of inflection
(B) a discontinuity
(D) a maximum
YEAR 2009
Q. 34
ONE MARK
The trace and determinant of a 2 # 2 matrix are known to be - 2 and - 35

respectively. Its eigen values are
(A) - 30 and - 5
(B) - 37 and - 1
(C) - 7 and 5
(D) 17.5 and - 2
YEAR 2009
Q. 35
TWO MARKS
f (x, y) is a continuous function defined over (x, y) ! [0, 1] # [0, 1]. Given the two
constraints, x > y2 and y > x2 , the volume under f (x, y) is
(A)
(C)
y=1
x= y
#y = 0 #x = y
y=1
x=1
f (x, y) dxdy
#y = 0 #x = 0 f (x, y) dxdy
y=1
x=1
(B)
#y = x #x = y f (x, y) dxdy
(D)
#y = 0
y= x
#x = 0
x= y
f (x, y) dxdy

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Q. 36
Assume for simplicity that N people, all born in April (a month of 30 days), are
collected in a room. Consider the event of at least two people in the room being
born on the same date of the month, even if in different years, e.g. 1980 and 1985.
What is the smallest N so that the probability of this event exceeds 0.5 ?
(A) 20
(B) 7
(C) 15
Q. 37
in
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(D) 16
A cubic polynomial with real coefficients

(A) Can possibly have no extrema and no zero crossings
.
a
(B) May have up to three extrema and upto 2 zero crossings
i
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(C) Cannot have more than two extrema and more than three zero crossings
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(D) Will always have an equal number of extrema and zero crossings
Q. 38
Q. 39
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Let x2 - 117 = 0 . The iterative steps for the solution using Newton-Raphons
method is given by
(A) xk + 1 = 1 bxk + 117 l
(B) xk + 1 = xk - 117
2
xk
xk
(C) xk + 1 = xk - xk
(D) xk + 1 = xk - 1 bxk + 117 l
2
xk
117
F (x, y) = (x2 + xy) at x + (y2 + xy) at y . Its

(x, y) = (0, 2) to (x, y) = (2, 0) evaluates
(A) - 8
(C) 8
line integral over the straight line from

to
(B) 4
(D) 0
in
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YEAR 2008
Q. 40
Q. 41
ONE MARKS
.
a
X is a uniformly distributed random variable that takes values between 0 and 1.

The value of E {X3} will be
(A) 0
(B) 1/8
(C) 1/4
(D) 1/2
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The characteristic equation of a (3 # 3 ) matrix P is defined as

a (l) = lI - P = l3 + l2 + 2l + 1 = 0
If I denotes identity matrix, then the inverse of matrix P will be
(A) (P2 + P + 2I)
(B) (P2 + P + I)
(C) - (P2 + P + I)
(D) - (P2 + P + 2I)

Q. 42
If the rank of a (5 # 6) matrix Q is 4, then which one of the following statement

is correct ?
(A) Q will have four linearly independent rows and four linearly independent
columns
(B) Q will have four linearly independent rows and five linearly independent
columns
T
QQ
(C)
will be invertible
(D) QT Q will be invertible

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YEAR 2008
Q. 43
TWO MARKS
Consider function f (x) = (x2 - 4) 2 where x is a real number. Then the function
has
(A) only one minimum
(B) only tow minima
in
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(C) three minima

Q. 44
(D) three maxima
Equation ex - 1 = 0 is required to be solved using Newtons method with an

initial guess x0 =- 1. Then, after one step of Newtons method, estimate x1 of the
solution will be given by
(A) 0.71828
(B) 0.36784
(C) 0.20587
(D) 0.00000
.
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Q. 45
A is m # n full rank matrix with m > n and I is identity matrix. Let matrix
A' = (AT A) - 1 AT , Then, which one of the following statement is FALSE ?
(A) AA'A = A
(B) (AA') 2
(C) A'A = I
(D) AA'A = A'
Q. 46
A differential equation dx/dt = e - 2t u (t), has to be solved using trapezoidal rule

of integration with a step size h = 0.01 s. Function u (t) indicates a unit step
function. If x (0 -) = 0 , then value of x at t = 0.01 s will be given by
(A) 0.00099
(B) 0.00495
(C) 0.0099
(D) 0.0198
Q. 47
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in
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Let P be a 2 # 2 real orthogonal matrix and x is a real vector [x1, x2] T with length
x = (x12 + x22) 1/2 . Then, which one of the following statements is correct ?
(A) Px # x where at least one vector satisfies Px < x
.
a
(B) Px # x for all vector x
i
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(C) Px $ x where at least one vector satisfies Px > x

(D) No relationship can be established between x and Px
YEAR 2007
Q. 48
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no
ONE MARK
x = 8x1 x2 g xn B is an n-tuple nonzero vector. The n # n matrix

V = xxT
(A) has rank zero
(B) has rank 1
(C) is orthogonal
(D) has rank n
T
YEAR 2007
TWO MARKS
Q. 49
1-x
The differential equation dx
dt = t is discretised using Eulers numerical integration
method with a time step 3 T > 0 . What is the maximum permissible value of 3 T
to ensure stability of the solution of the corresponding discrete time equation ?
(A) 1
(B) t/2
(C) t
(D) 2t
Q. 50
The value of
C
(A) 2pi
-1
(C) tan z
where C
# (1 dz
+ z2)
is the contour z -
i
2
= 1 is
(B) p
(D) pi tan - 1 z

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Q. 51
Q. 52
The integral 1
2p
(A) sin t cos t
(C) 12 cos t
2p
#0 sin (t - t) cos tdt equals

(B) 0
(D) 12 sin t
in
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A loaded dice has following probability distribution of occurrences

Dice Value
Probability
1/4
1/8
1/8
.
a
1/8
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1/8
1/4
If three identical dice as the above are thrown, the probability of occurrence of
values 1, 5 and 6 on the three dice is
(A) same as that of occurrence of 3, 4, 5
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(B) same as that of occurrence of 1, 2, 5
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(C) 1/128
(D) 5/8
Q. 53
Let x and y be two vectors in a 3 dimensional space and < x, y > denote their
dot product. Then the determinant
< x, x > < x, y >
det =< y, x > < y, y >G
(A) is zero when x and y are linearly independent
(B) is positive when x and y are linearly independent
in
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(C) is non-zero for all non-zero x and y

(D) is zero only when either x or y is zero
Q. 54
.
a
The linear operation L (x) is defined by the cross product L (x) = b # x , where
T
T
b = 80 1 0B and x = 8x1 x2 x3 B are three dimensional vectors. The 3 # 3 matrix
M of this operations satisfies
R V
Sx1 W
L (x) = M Sx2 W
SSx WW
3
T X
Then the eigenvalues of M are
(A) 0, + 1, - 1
(B) 1, - 1, 1
(C) i, - i, 1
(D) i, - i, 0
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Statement for Linked Answer Question 55 and 56
Q. 55
Q. 56
Cayley-Hamilton Theorem states that a square matrix satisfies its own

characteristic equation. Consider a matrix
-3 2
A ==
- 2 0G
A satisfies the relation
(B) A2 + 2A + 2I = 0
(A) A + 3I + 2A - 1 = 0
(C) (A + I) (A + 2I)
(D) exp (A) = 0
A9 equals
(A) 511A + 510I
(C) 154A + 155I
(B) 309A + 104I

(D) exp (9A)

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YEAR 2006
TWO MARKS
The expression V =
Q. 57
#0
(A)
#0
pR2 (1 - h/H) 2 dh for the volume of a cone is equal to
pR2 (1 - h/H) 2 dr
(B)
#0
pR2 (1 - h/H) 2 dh
in
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2
2prH`1 - r j dr
R
A surface S (x, y) = 2x + 5y - 3 is integrated once over a path consisting of the
points that satisfy (x + 1) 2 + (y - 1) 2 = 2 . The integral evaluates to
(B) 17 2
(A) 17 2
#0 2prH (1 - r/R) dh
(C)
Q. 58
(C)
(D)
.
a
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2 /17
o
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#0
(D) 0
Two fair dice are rolled and the sum r of the numbers turned up is considered
(A) Pr (r > 6) = 16
Q. 59
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(B) Pr (r/3 is an integer) =
5
6
(C) Pr (r = 8 ; r/4 is an integer) = 59

(D) Pr (r = 6 ; r/5 is an integer) = 161
Statement for Linked Answer Question 60 and 61
Q. 60
VT
R VT
R VT
R
S2 W
S- 2 W
S- 10 W
P = S 1 W , Q = S- 5 W , R = S- 7 W are three vectors.
SS12 WW
SS 9 WW
SS 3 WW
X
T X
T X
T
An orthogonal set of vectors having a span that contains P, Q, Ris
V R V
R V R V
R V R
S- 6 W S 4 W
S- 4 W S 5 W S 8 W
(B) S 2 W S 7 W S 2 W
(A) S- 3 W S- 2 W
SS- 6 WW SS 3 WW
SS 4 WW SS- 11WW SS- 3 WW
TR VX RT V RX VT X
RT VX RT VX R V
S 4 W S 1 W S5 W
S 6 W S- 3 W S 3 W
(C) S 7 W S 2 W S 9 W
(D) S 3 W S31W S3 W
SS11WW SS 3 WW SS4 WW
SS- 1WW SS- 2 WW SS- 4 WW
X T X vector
T X
T X is linearly dependent upon
T X TtheX solution
The Tfollowing
to the previous
problem
R V
R
V
S8 W
S-2 W
(B) S- 17 W
(A) S9 W
SS3 WW
SS 30 WW
TR V X
RT VX
4
S W
S13 W
S
W
(C) 4
(D) S 2 W
SS5 WW
SS- 3 WW
T X
T X
.
a
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Q. 61
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YEAR 2005
Q. 62
ONE MARK
In the matrix equation Px = q , which of the following is a necessary condition for

the existence of at least on solution for the unknown vector x
(A) Augmented matrix [Pq] must have the same rank as matrix P
(B) Vector q must have only non-zero elements
(C) Matrix P must be singular
(D) Matrix P must be square

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Q. 63
If P and Q are two random events, then the following is TRUE

(A) Independence of P and Q implies that probability (P + Q) = 0
(B) Probability (P , Q) $ Probability (P) + Probability (Q)
(C) If P and Q are mutually exclusive, then they must be independent
(D) Probability (P + Q) # Probability (P)
Q. 64
Q. 65
If S =
#1
x dx , then S has the value
.
a
(B) 1
(A) - 1
3
4
1
(C)
(D) 1
2
The solution of the first order DE x' (t) =- 3x (t), x (0) = x0 is
(A) x (t) = x0 e - 3t
(B) x (t) = x0 e
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(D) x (t) = x0 e - 1
YEAR 2005
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-3
(C) x (t) = x0 e - 1/3
Q. 66
in
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3 -3
TWO MARKS
V
R
S3 - 2 2 W
For the matrix p = S0 - 2 1 W, one of the eigen values is equal to - 2
SS0 0 1 WW
T is anXeigen vector ?
Which of the following
R V
R V
S3 W
S- 3 W
(B) S 2 W
(A) S- 2 W
SS 1 WW
SS- 1WW
TR V X
RT VX
1
S W
S2 W
(C) S- 2 W
(D) S5 W
SS 3 WW
SS0 WW
T RX
T X
V
S1 0 - 1W
If R = S2 1 - 1W, then top row of R - 1 is
SS2 3 2 WW
X
T
(B) 85 - 3 1B
(A) 85 6 4B
(C) 82 0 - 1B
(D) 82 - 1 1/2B
.
a
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Q. 67
Q. 68
A fair coin is tossed three times in succession. If the first toss produces a head,
then the probability of getting exactly two heads in three tosses is
(A) 1/6
(B) 1/2
(C) 3/6
Q. 69
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(D) 3/4
For the function f (x) = x2 e - x , the maximum occurs when x is equal to

(A) 2
(B) 1
(C) 0
(D) - 1

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Q. 70
Q. 71
2
y2
For the scalar field u = x + , magnitude of the gradient at the point (1, 3) is
2
3
13
9
(A)
(B)
9
2
(C) 5
(D) 9
2
For the equation x'' (t) + 3x' (t) + 2x (t) = 5 ,the solution x (t) approaches which of
the following values as t " 3 ?
(A) 0
(B) 5
2
.
a
i
d
(C) 5
in
.
co
o
n
.
w
***********
o
n
.
w
in
.
co
.
a
i
d
(D) 10

*Shipping Free*
*Maximum Discount*
SOLUTION
Sol. 1
in
.
co
Option (B) is correct.

Given, the field vector
Fv = y2 xavx - yzavy - x2 avz
.
a
i
d
For the line segment along x -axis, we have

dlv = dxavx
o
n
So,
Fv : dlv = ^y2 x h^dx h
Since, on x -axis y = 0 so,
Fv : dlv = 0
or,
Sol. 2
.
w
Fv : dlv = 0
Option (D) is correct.

Given the equations in matrix form as
2 - 2 x1
0
>
H> H = > H
1 - 1 x2
0
So, it is a homogenous set of linear equation. It has either a trivial solution
^x1 = x2 = 0h or an infinite no. of solution. Since, for the matrix
2 -2
H
A =>
1 -1
we have the determinant
A =0
Sol. 3
o
n
.
w

We know that
i = eip/2
- i = e-ip/2
or,
.
a
i
d
Hence, it will have multiple solutions
in
.
co
(In phasor form)
- i = !ê-ip/2h = ! e-ip/4
= !=cos d p n - i sin d p nG
4
4
So,
1/2
= cos d p n - i sin d p n ; - cos d p n + i sin d p n

4
4
4
4
= 1 - i ; -1 + i
2
2
2
This is equivalent to the given option (B) only.
Sol. 4

Given the scalar field
V = 2x2 y + 3y2 z + 4z2 x
Its gradient is given by
dV = ^4xy + 4z2h avx + _2x2 + 6yz i avy + ^3y2 + 8zx h avz
So, the curl of the gradient is obtained as

*Shipping Free*
*Maximum Discount*
d # ^dvh =
avx
avy
2
2x
2
2y
avz
2
2
2z
4xy + 4z 2z + 6yz 3y + 8zx

= avx ^6y - 6y h - avy ^8z - 8z h + avz ^4x - 4x h = 0
Note : From the properties of curl, we know that curl of gradient of any scalar
in
.
co
field is always zero. So, there is no need to solve the curl and gradient.
Sol. 5
Option (A) is correct.

Given, the PdF of random variable x as
.
a
i
d
f ^x h = e-x
P ^x > 1h =
So,
Sol. 6
Option (C) is correct.

Given, the equation
#e
dx = :e D = e-1 = 0.368
-1 1
.
w
o
n
3-x
0<x<3
-x 3
f ^x h = x3 + 2x - 1 = 0
as initial condition is x 0 = 1.2
so, from N - R method we obtain
f ^xn h
xn + 1 = xn f l^xn h
Here
x0
f ^x 0h
f l^x h
f l^x 0h
= 1.2
= ^1.23h + 2 ^1.2h - 1 = 3.128

Also,
= 3x2 + 2
So,
= 3 ^1.2h2 + 2 = 6.32
Hence, 1 st iterative value is
f ^x 0h
x1 = x 0 = 1.2 - 3.128
6.32
f l^x 0h
= 0.705
Sol. 7
.
a
i
d
o
n
.
w

Given the function
in
.
co
y = f ^x h = 5x2 + 10x in the internal x = ^1, 2h

Since, function y is continuous in the interval ^1, 2h as well as its is
differentiable at each point so, from Lagranges mean value theorem there exist
at least a point where
f ^b h - f â h
f l^c h =
b-a
Here, we have
a=1,b=2
So, for x = a = 1, we obtain
y = f â h = f ^1 h = 5 ^1 h2 + 10 ^1 h = 15
and for x = b = 2
y = f ^b h = f ^2 h = 5 ^2 h2 + 10 ^2 h = 40
Therefore,
f l^c h = 40 - 15 = 25
2-1

*Shipping Free*
*Maximum Discount*
Sol. 8

Given the contour integral
2
- 4 dz
+4
It has two poles given as
# zz
in
.
co
z = ! 2i
Now, the contour is defined by circle z - i = 2 which is shown in the figure
below
.
a
i
d
o
n
.
w
So, it can be observed that the given contour enclosed z = 2i while z =- 2i is

out of the contour. So, we obtain the residue at z = 2i only as
2
^2i h2 - 4 - 8
residue = z - 4
=
=
= 2i
z + 2i z = 2i
2i + 2i
4i
Hence, contour integral is given as
2
# zz2 -+ 44 dz = 2pi (sum of residues)
= 2pi ^2i h
=- 4p
Sol. 9
.
a
i
d
o
n
.
w
in
.
co

We know that the characteristic equation is given by
6A@6X@ = l 6X@
where 6A@ is the matrix as l is the scalar which gives eigen values. Now, we
consider the matrix
a b
^2 # 2 matrixh
6A@ = >c dH
1
For eigen value - 1 as eigen vector is > H, so, we have
-1
1
a b 1
>c d H>- 1H =- 1 >- 1H
or,
Similarly, for
a
>c
or,
a - b =- 1
....(1)
c-d = 1
....(2)
1
eigen value - 2 with eigen vector > H, we obtain
-2
1
b 1
=- 2 > H
H
>
H
-2
d -2
a - 2b =- 2
c - 2d = 4
....(3)
....(4)

*Shipping Free*
*Maximum Discount*
Solving Eqs. (1) and (3), we obtain

a = 0, b = 1
and solving Eqs. (2) and (4), we obtain
c =- 2, d = 3
Thus, the required matrix is
a b
0 1
>c d H = >- 2 - 3H
Sol. 10
in
.
co
.
a

Probability density function of uniformly distributed variables X and Y is shown
as
i
d
o
n
.
w
P &[max (x, y)] < 1 0

2
Since X and Y are independent.
P &[max (x, y)] < 1 0
2
PbX < 1 l
2
Similarly for Y :
P bY < 1 l
2
So
P &[max (x, y)] < 1 0
2
in
.
co
.
a
i
d
o
n
.
w
Alternate Method:
= P b X < 1 l P bY < 1 l
2
2
= shaded area = 3
4
=3
4
=3#3= 9
4
4 16
From the given data since random variables X and Y lies in the interval [- 1, 1]
as from the figure X , Y lies in the region of the square ABCD .
Probability for max 6X, Y @ < 1/2 : The points for max 6X, Y @ < 1/2 will be inside
the region of square AEFG .
So,
P &max 6X, Y @ < 1 0 = Area of 4AEFG
2
Area of square ABCD

*Shipping Free*
*Maximum Discount*
3
3
#2
2
=
= 9
2#2
16
Sol. 11

x=
- 1 = i = cos p + i sin p
2
2
in
.
co
x = ei 2
So,
x = ê h & ê h = e- 2
Sol. 12
.
a
given
1
2p j
# f (z) dz
C
i
d
1 - 2
z+1 z+3
f (z) =
ip i
2
ip x
2
o
n
= sum of the residues of the poles which lie inside the
.
w
closed region.
C & z+1 = 1
Only pole z =- 1 inside the circle, so residue at z =- 1 is.
(z + 1) (- z + 1) 2
-z + 1
f (z) =
= lim
= =1
2
z "- 1 (z + 1) (z + 3)
(z + 1) (z + 3)
1
So
f (z) dz = 1
2pj #C
Sol. 13
in
.
co
t dx + x = t
dt
dx + x = 1
t
dt
dx + Px = Q (General form)
dt
.
a
i
d#
IF =
Integrating factor,
e # Pdt
o#
n
.
w
x # IF =
Solution has the form
x#t =
= e = e lnt = t
1
# dt
t
^Q # IF h dt + C
(1) (t) dt + C
xt = t + C
2
Taking the initial condition
C =0
2
xt = t & x = t
2
2
So,
Sol. 14
x (1) = 0.5
0.5 = 1 + C
2

Characteristic equation.
A - lI = 0
-5 - l -3
=0
2
-l
5l + l2 + 6 = 0

*Shipping Free*
*Maximum Discount*
l2 + 5l + 6 = 0
Since characteristic equation satisfies its own matrix, so
A2 + 5A + 6 = 0 & A2 =- 5A - 6I
Multiplying with A
A 3 + 5A 2 + 6 A = 0
A3 + 5 (- 5A - 6I) + 6A = 0
A3 = 19A + 30I
Sol. 15
in
.
co
.
a
i
d
f (x) = x3 - 9x2 + 24x + 5

df (x)
= 3x2 - 18x + 24 = 0
dx
df (x)
= x 2 - 6x + 8 = 0
dx
&
o
n
.
w
x = 4, x = 2
d 2 f (x)
= 6x - 18
dx 2
d 2 f (x)
For x = 2,
= 12 - 18 =- 6 < 0
dx2
So at x = 2, f (x) will be maximum
Sol. 16
f (x)
max
= (2) 3 - 9 (2) 2 + 24 (2) + 5

= 8 - 36 + 48 + 5 = 25
in
.
co

Probability of appearing a head is 1/2. If the number of required tosses is odd,
we have following sequence of events.
i
d
.
a
H, TTH, TTTTH, ...........
Probability
Sol. 17
Sol. 18
o
n
.
w
3
5
P = 1 + b 1 l + b 1 l + ..... = 2 1 = 2
2
2
2
3
1- 4

Divergence of A in spherical coordinates is given as
d:A = 12 2 (r 2 Ar ) = 12 2 (krn + 2) = k2 (n + 2) rn + 1
r 2r
r 2r
r
n-1
= k (n + 2) r = 0 (given)
n+2 = 0
n =- 2

d 2 y (t) 2dy (t)
+
+ y (t) = d (t)
dt
dt 2
Taking Laplace transform with initial conditions
dy
2
;s Y (s) - sy (0) - dt
E + 2 [sy (s) - y (0)] + Y (s) = 1
t=0
&
2
6s Y (s) + 2s - 0@ + 2 6sY (s) + 2@ + Y (s) = 1
Y (s) [s2 + 2s + 1] = 1 - 2s - 4
Y (s) = 2- 2s - 3
s + 2s + 1

*Shipping Free*
*Maximum Discount*
We know If,
y (t)
dy (t)
dt
then,
Y (s)
sY (s) - y (0)
2
2
(- 2s - 3) s
+ 2 = - 2s - 32 s + 2s + 4s + 2
2
(s + 2s + 1)
(s + 2s + 1)
s
2
s
1
1
1
+
+
sY (s) - y (0) =
=
+
= 1 +
s + 1 (s + 1) 2
(s + 1) 2 (s + 1) 2 (s + 1) 2
in
.
co
.
a
Taking inverse Laplace transform

dy (t)
= e-t u (t) + te-t u (t)
dt
dy
At t = 0+ ,
= e0 + 0 = 1
dt t = 0
or
and
Sol. 20
sY (s) - y (0) =
So,
Sol. 19
i
d
o
n
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w
x3+x2+x+1
x 2 (x + 1) + (x - 1)
(x + 1) (x 2 + 1)
x+1
=0
=0
=0
= 0 & x =- 1
2
x + 1 = 0 & x =- j, j
x =- 1, - j, j
.
a
i
d
o
n
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w
in
.
co
Z is Z = 0 where q is around 45c or so.

Thus
Z = Z 45c where Z < 1

1
= 1 - 45c
Y = 1 =
Z
Z
Z 45c
Y > 1 [a Z < 1]
So Y will be out of unity circle.

Sol. 21

dy
= e-3x
dx
dy = e-3x dx

*Shipping Free*
*Maximum Discount*
by integrating, we get
y =- 1 e-3x + K , where K is constant.
3
Sol. 22
in
.
co
f 1 = 10x2 sin x1 - 0.8

f 2 = 10x 22 - 10x2 cos x1 - 0.6
Jacobian matrix is given by
V
R
S2f 1 2f 1 W
10x2 cos x1
10 sin x1
2x 2x
J = SS2f 21 2f 22 WW = >
10x2 sin x1 20x2 - 10 cos x1H
S2x1 2x2 W
X
T
10 0
For x1 = 0, x2 = 1,
J =>
0 10H
Sol. 23
.
a
i
d
o
n
.
w
f (x) = 2x - x 2 + 3
f l (x) = 2 - 2x = 0
x =1
f m (x) =- 2
f m (x) is negative for x = 1, so the function has a maxima at x = 1.
Sol. 24

Let a signal p (x) is uniformly distributed between limits - a to + a .
.
a
i
d
o
n
.
w
sp =
Variance
in
.
co
-a
x 2 p (x) dx =
-a
x2 : 1 dx
2a
3
2
3 a
= 1 :x D = 2a = a
6
3
2a 3 -a
It means square value is equal to its variance
2
2
= sp = a
p rms
3
p rms = a
3
Sol. 25

We know that matrix A is equal to product of lower triangular matrix L and
upper triangular matrix U .
A = 6L@6U @
only option (D) satisfies the above relation.
Sol. 26

Let the given two vectors are
X1 = [1, 1, 1]
X2 = [1, a, a 2]

*Shipping Free*
*Maximum Discount*
Dot product of the vectors
R1V
S W
X 1 $ X 2 = X1 X = 81 1 1BS a W = 1 + a + a2
SSa 2WW
T X
a =- 1 + j 3 = 1 - 2p/3
2
2
T
2
Where
.
a
i
d
o
n
.
w
so,
in
.
co
X1, X2 are orthogonal

1 + a + a2 = 0
Note: We can see that X1, X2 are not orthonormal as their magnitude is ! 1
Sol. 27
Sol. 28
w#
P =
xex dx = 6x # e
= 6xe
@0 - #0
x 1
dx @0 - # 1 : d (x) # ex dx Ddx
0
dx
1
(1) ex dx = (e1 - 0) - 6e
in
.
co
= e1 - [e1 - e0] = 1

t
Radial vector r = xti + ytj + zk
@0
x 1
.
a
Divergence = 4$ r
t : _xti + ytj + zk
ti
= c 2 ti + 2 tj + 2 k
2x
2y
2z m
2y 2z
= 2x +
+
= 1+1+1 = 3
2x 2y 2z
Sol. 29
Sol. 30
i
d
o
n
.
w

No of white balls = 4 , no of red balls = 3
If first removed ball is white then remaining no of balls = 6 (3 white, 3 red)
we have 6 balls, one ball can be choose in 6 C1 ways, since there are three red balls
so probability that the second ball is red is
6
P = 3 C1 = 3 = 1
6
2
C1
Let eigen vector
X = 8x1 x2 x 3BT
Eigen vector corresponding to l1 = 1
8A
R0
S
S0
SS0
T
I BX
Rx V
S 1W
Sx2W
SSx WW
3
T X
x2
x 2 + 2x 3 = 0
- l1
1 0VW
1 2W
0 2WW
X
=0
R0V
S W
= S0W
SS0WW
T X
=0
& x 3 = 0 (not given in the option)

*Shipping Free*
*Maximum Discount*

8A - l2 I B X = 0
R- 1 1 0V Rx V R0V
W S 1W S W
S
S 0 0 2W Sx2W = S0W
SS 0 0 1WW SSx WW SS0WW
3
X T X T X
T
- x1 + x 2 = 0
2x 3 = 0 & x 3 = 0 (not given in options.)
8A - l3 I B X = 0
R- 2 1 0V Rx V R0V
S
W S 1W S W
S 0 - 1 2W Sx2W = S0W
SS 0 0 0WW SSx WW SS0WW
3
T
X T X T X
- 2x1 + x2 = 0
- x2 + 2x 3 = 0
in
.
co
.
a
i
d
o
n
.
w
Put x1 = 1, x2 = 2 and x 3 = 1
So Eigen vector
Sol. 31
Rx V R1V
S 1W S W
X = Sx2W = S2W = 81 2 1BT
SSx WW SS1WW
3
T X T X
in
.
co

d2 x + 6 dx + 8x = 0
dt
dt2
Taking Laplace transform (with initial condition) on both sides
i
d
.
a
s2 X (s) - sx (0) - x' (0) + 6 [sX (s) - x (0)] + 8X (s) = 0

s2 X (s) - s (1) - 0 + 6 [sX (s) - 1] + 8X (s) = 0
X (s) [s2 + 6s + 8] - s - 6 = 0
no
.
w
By partial fraction
X (s) =
(s + 6)
(s2 + 6s + 8)
2 - 1
s+2 s+4
Taking inverse Laplace transform
Sol. 32
X (s) =
x (t) = (2e- 2t - e- 4t)

Set of equations
x1 + 2x2 + x 3 + 4x 4 = 2
3x1 + 6x2 + 3x 3 + 12x 4 = 6
.....(1)
.....(2)
or
3 (x1 + 2x2 + x 3 + 4x 4) = 3 # 2
Equation (2) is same as equation(1) except a constant multiplying factor of 3. So
infinite (multiple) no. of non-trivial solution exists.
Sol. 33

Function f (t)= sin t = sin ct has a maxima at t = 0 as shown below
t

*Shipping Free*
*Maximum Discount*
Sol. 34
in
.
co
.
a
i
d
o
n
.
w
a b
A => H
c d
Trace of a square matrix is sum of its diagonal entries
Let the matrix is
Determinent
Eigenvalue
Trace A = a + d
ad - bc
A - lI
a-l b
c d-l
=- 2
=- 35
=0
in
.
co
=0
.
a
(a - l) (d - l) - bc = 0
l - (a + d) l + (ad - bc) = 0
l2 - (- 2) l + (- 35) = 0
l2 + 2l - 35 = 0
(l - 5) (l + 7) = 0
2
i
d
o
n
.
w
l1, l2 = 5, - 7
Sol. 35

Given constraints x > y2 and y > x2
Limit of y : y = 0 to y = 1
Limit of x : x = y2 to x2 = y & x =
So volume under f (x, y)

*Shipping Free*
*Maximum Discount*
V =
Sol. 36
Sol. 37
Sol. 38
x= y
f (x, y) dx dy

No of events of at least two people in the room being born on same date = n C2
three people in the room being born on same date = n C 3
Similarly four for people = n C 4
n
n
n
n
Probability of the event, 0.5 $ C2 $ C 3 $ C 4 g Cn & N = 7
N
in
.
co
.
a
Option ( ) is correct.
Assume a Cubic polynomial with real Coefficients
i
d
P (x) = a 0 x3 + a1 x3 + a2 x + a 3
P' (x) = 3a 0 x2 + 2a1 x + a2
P'' (x) = 6a 0 x + 2a1
P''' (x) = 6a 0
Piv (x) = 0
o
n
.
w
a 0, a1, a2, a 3 are real

An iterative sequence in Newton-Raphsons method is obtained by following
expression
f (xk )
xk + 1 = xk f' (xk )
f (x) = x2 - 117
f' (x) = 2x
f (xk ) = x k2 - 117
f' (xk ) = 2xk = 2 # 117
2
xk + 1 = xk - x k - 117 = xk - 1 :xk + 117 D
2x k
2
xk
So
So
Sol. 39
y=1
#y = 0 #x = y
in
.
co
.
a
i
d

Equation of straight line
y - 2 = 0 - 2 (x - 0)
2-0
o
n
.
w
y - 2 =- x
F $ dl = [(x2 + xy) at x + (y2 + xy) at y] [dxat x + dyat y + dzat z]

= (x2 + xy) dx + (y2 + xy) dy
Limit of x : 0 to 2
Limit of y : 2 to 0
Line
So
y - 2 =- x
dy =- dx
2
# F $ dl = #0 [x2 + x (2 - x)] dx + #2 y2 + (2 - y) y dy
=
Sol. 40
# F $ dl = #0 (x2 + xy) dx + #2 (y2 + xy) dy
2 2
2 0
#0 2xdx + #2 2y dy = 2 :x2 D + 2 ;y2 E = 4 - 4 = 0

2

X is uniformly distributed between 0 and 1
So probability density function

*Shipping Free*
*Maximum Discount*
1, 0 < x < 1
fX (X) = )
0, otherwise
1
3
E {X } = # X3 fX (X) dx =
So,
Sol. 41
#0 X3 (1) dx
in
.
co
4 1
= :X D = 1
4 0
4

According to CAYLEY-HAMILTON Theorem every non-singular square matrix
satisfies its own characteristic equation.
Characteristic equation
.
a
i
d
a (l) = lI - P = l3 + l2 + 2l + 1 = 0
Matrix P satisfies above equation
P 3 + P 2 + 2P + I = 0
I =- (P3 + P2 + 2P)
-1
Multiply both sides by P
P- 1 =- (P2 + P + 2I)
o
n
.
w
Sol. 42

Rank of a matrix is no. of linearly independent rows and columns of the matrix.
Here Rank r (Q) = 4
So Q will have 4 linearly independent rows and flour independent columns.
Sol. 43

Given function
f (x) = (x2 - 4) 2
f' (x) = 2 (x2 - 4) 2x
To obtain minima and maxima
f' (x) = 0
So,
.
a
i
d
4x (x - 4) = 0
x = 0, x2 - 4 = 0 & x = ! 2
x = 0, + 2, - 2
o
n
.
w
in
.
co
f'' (x) = 4x (2x) + 4 (x2 - 4) = 12x2 - 16

x = 0, f'' (0) = 12 (0) 2 - 16 =- 16 < 0
x =+ 2, f'' (2) = 12 (2) 2 - 16 = 32 > 0
x =- 2, f'' (- 2) = 12 (- 2) 2 - 16 = 32 > 0
So f (x) has only two minima
For
Sol. 44
(Maxima)
(Minima)
(Minima)

An iterative sequence in Newton-Raphson method can obtain by following
expression
f (xn)
xn + 1 = xn f' (xn)
We have to calculate x1 , so n = 0
x1 = x 0 -
f (x 0)
, Given x 0 =- 1
f' (x 0)
f (x 0) = ex - 1 = e- 1 - 1 =- 0.63212
f' (x 0) = ex = e- 1 = 0.36787
0

*Shipping Free*
*Maximum Discount*
x1 =- 1 -
So,
(- 0.63212)
(0.36787)
=- 1 + 1.71832 = 0.71832
Sol. 45
in
.
co
A' = (AT A) - 1 AT = A- 1 (AT ) - 1 AT = A- 1 I

Put A' = A I in all option.
-1
AA'A = A
AA- 1 A = A
A =A
option (A)
option (B)
(AA')
(AA- 1 I) 2
(I) 2
A'A
.
w
option (D)
i
d
o
n
option (C)
Sol. 46
.
a
=I
=I
=I
=I
(true)
AA- 1 IA = A =
Y A'
(false)

dx = e- 2t u (t)
dt
in
.
co
.
a
# f (t) dt ,
i
d
0
t = .01 s
From trapezoid rule
o
n
.
w
t0
# e- 2t dt
f (t) dt = h 6f (0) + f (.01)@

2
1
e0 + e- .02@, h = .01
#0 f (t) dt = .01
2 6
t 0 + nh
= .0099

P is an orthogonal matrix So PPT = I
cos q - sin q
Let assume
P =>
sin q cos q H
cos q - sin q
x x T
PX = >
sin q cos q H8 1 2B
cos q - sin q x1
x1 cos q - x2 sin q
=>
=
sin q cos q H>x2H >x1 sin q + x2 cos qH
PX
PX
Sol. 48
(true)
A- 1 IA = I
I =I
AA'A = A'
x = # e- 2t u (t) dt =
Sol. 47
(true)
(x1 cos q - x2 sin q) 2 + (x1 sin q + x2 cos q) 2
x 12 + x 22
= X

*Shipping Free*
*Maximum Discount*
x = 8x1 x2 g xnBT
V = xxT
R V R V
Sx1W Sx1W
Sx2W Sx2W
=S W S W
ShW ShW
SxnW SxnW
T X T X
So rank of V is n .
Sol. 49
Sol. 50
# dz
Given
Contour
Sol. 51
Sol. 52
in
.
co
.
a
i
d
# (z + idz
) (z - i)
1 + z2 C
z- i = 1
2
o
n
.
w
P(0, 1) lies inside the circle z - i = 1 and P (0, 1) does not lie.
2
So by Cauchys integral formula
1
(z - i)
# dz 2 = 2pi lim
z"i
(
z
+
i
)
(z - i)
1
+
z
C
1
= 2pi lim
= 2pi # 1 = p
2i
z"i z + i

Probability of occurrence of values 1,5 and 6 on the three dice is
in
.
co
P (1, 5, 6) = P (1) P (5) P (6)

= 1#1#1 = 1
8
128
4
4
In option (A)
i
d
.
a
P (3, 4, 5) = P (3) P (4) P (5) = 1 # 1 # 1 = 1

8
8
8
512
o
n
.
w
In option (B)
P (1, 2, 5) = P (1) P (2) P (5) = 1 # 1 # 1 = 1

8
8
256
4
Sol. 53

x$x x$y
det >y $ x y $ yH = (x : x) (y : y) - (x : y) (y : x)
= 0 only when x or y is zero
Sol. 54
Sol. 55

For characteristic equation
-3 - l 2
> - 1 0 - lH = 0
or
(- 3 - l) (- l) + 2 = 0
(l + 1) (l + 2) = 0
According to Cayley-Hamiliton theorem
(A + I) (A + 2I) = 0

*Shipping Free*
*Maximum Discount*
Sol. 56

According to Cayley-Hamiliton theorem
(A + I) (A + 2I) = 0
A2 + 3A + 2I = 0
A2 =- (3A + 2I)
or
or
or
in
.
co
A 4 = (3A + 2I) 2 = (9A2 + 12A + 4I)

= 9 (- 3A - 2I) + 12A + 4I =- 15A - 14I
.
a
A8 = (- 15A - 14I) 2 = 225A2 + 420A + 196

= 225 (- 3A - 2I) + 420A + 196I =- 255A - 254I
i
d
A =- 255A - 254A
=- 255 (- 3A - 2I) - 254A = 511A + 510I
Sol. 57
o
n
.
w

Volume of the cone
V =
#0 pR2 b1 - Hh l dh
2
Solving the above integral

V = 1 pR 2 H
3
Solve all integrals given in option only for option (D)
R
#0 2prH a1 - Rr k2 dr = 13 pR2 H
in
.
co
Sol. 58
Sol. 59

By throwing dice twice 6 # 6 = 36 possibilities will occur. Out of these sample
space consist of sum 4, 8 and 12 because r/4 is an integer. This can occur in
following way :
(1, 3), (2, 2), (2, 6), (3, 1), (3, 5), (4, 4), (5, 3), (6, 2) and (6, 6)
i
d
.
a
o
n
.
w
Sample Space
Favourable space is coming out of 8
Probability of coming out 8
=9
=5
=5
9
Sol. 60
Sol. 61
Sol. 62

Matrix equation PX = q has a unique solution if
Where
Sol. 63
r (P) = r (r)
r (P) " rank of matrix P
r (r) " rank of augmented matrix [P]
r = 8P : qB

for two random events conditional probability is given by
probability (P + Q) = probability (P) probability (Q)
probability (P + Q)
probability (Q) =
#1
probability (P)
so
probability (P + Q) # probability (P)

*Shipping Free*
*Maximum Discount*
Sol. 64

S =
Sol. 65

We have
xo(t)
or
xo(t) + 3x (t)
A.E.
D+3
Thus solution is
x (t)
From x (0) = x 0 we get
C1
Thus
x (t)
Sol. 66
-2 3
x
=1
# 3 x- 3 dx = :2
2D1
1
=0
=0
.
a
= C1 e- 3t
= x0
i
d
= x0 e
- 3t
o
n
in
.
co
=- 3x (t)
.
w
For eigen value

l =- 2
V Rx V R0V
R3 - (- 2)
2
2
W S 1W S W
S
0
1
- 2 - (- 2)
W Sx2W = S0W
S
SS
0
0
1 - (- 2)WW SSx 3WW SS0WW
T
R5 - 2 2VX TRx VX TR0XV
W S 1W S W
S
S0 0 1W Sx2W = S0W
SS0 0 1WW SSx WW SS0WW
3
X T X T X
T
5x1 - 2x2 + x 3 = 0
Sol. 67
in
.
co

C11
C21
C 31
R
= 2 - (- 3) = 5
=- (0 - (- 3)) =- 3
= (- (- 1)) = 1
i
d
.
a
= (1) C11 + 2C21 + 2C 31 = 5 - 6 + 2 = 1
Sol. 68

If the toss produces head, then for exactly two head in three tosses three tosses
there must produce one head in next two tosses. The probability of one head in
two tosses will be 1/2.
Sol. 69
o
n
.
w
f (x) = x2 e- x
f' (x) = 2xe- x - x2 e- x
= xe- x (2 - x)
f'' (x) = (x2 - 4x + 2) e- x
Now for maxima and minima,
f' (x) = 0
-x
xe (2 - x) = 0
or
x = 0, 2
at x = 0
f'' (0) = 1 (+ ve)
at x = 2
f'' (2) =- 2e- 2 (- ve)
-2
Now f'' (0) = 1 and f'' (2) =- 2e < 0 . Thus x = 2 is point of maxima
We have
or
Sol. 70

4 u = cti 2 + tj 2 m u = ti2u + tj2u = xti + 2 ytj
3
2x
2y
2x
2y

*Shipping Free*
*Maximum Discount*
4u =
At (1, 3) magnitude is
Sol. 71
x2 + b 2 y l = 1 + 4 =
3
2

d2 x + 3dx + 2x (t) = 5
dt
dt2
Taking Laplace transform on both sides of above equation.
s2 X (s) + 3sX (s) + 2X (s) = 5
s
5
X (s) =
s (s2 + 3s + 2)
From final value theorem
in
.
co
i
d
.
a
lim x (t) = lim X (s) = lim s
o
n
t"3
.
w
s"0
5
=5
2
s (s2 + 3s + 2)
***********
o
n
.
w
in
.
co
.
a
i
d
s"0

*Shipping Free*
*Maximum Discount*

135engineering Mathematics

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