PROBLEMS in COMBINED STRESS

1. Derive for a thin cylindrical pressure vessel expressions symbolically

for determining the safe values of:
a) minimum thickness t given p, F, T and D
b) maximum internal pressure p given t, F, T and D
c) maximum axial load F given t, p, T and D
d) maximum twisting moment T given t, p, F and D
e) maximum diameter D given t, F, T and D (this may end up in a
cubical equation in D2 to solve. One of the 3 values will be the
right one)
2. Using data given in Example 4, find numerical solutions for problems
1 (b) to (e), for t = 4 mm.
3. In Example 1, if the shaft is hollow with outer dia 100 mm & inner dia
50 mm, solve it.
4. A solid circular shaft of diameter d is subjected to a bending moment
of 15000 N-m, a twisting moment of 25000 N-m and an axial thrust
(compressive) load of 500000 N. Find the minimum safe diameter d,
for each of the five theories of failure, if the factor of safety required
is 1.25, the yield strength of the material is 500 MPa (equal for
tension and compression) and the Poissons ratio is 0.25.
5. A circular hollow shaft of outer diameter 100 mm and inner diameter
40 mm is subjected to a bending moment of 15000 N-m, a twisting
moment Mt N-m and an axial tensile load of 500000 N. Find the
maximum safe value of twisting moment Mt, for each of the five
theories of failure, if the factor of safety required is 1.25, the yield
strength of the material is 500 MPa and the Poissons ratio is 0.25.
6. A solid circular shaft of diameter 100 mm is subjected to a bending
moment M N-m, a twisting moment of 25000 N-m and an axial
tensile load of 500000 N. Find the maximum safe value of bending
moment M, for each of the five theories of failure, if the factor of
safety required is 1.2, the yield strength of the material is 500 MPa
and the Poissons ratio is 0.25.

7. A circular hollow shaft of outer diameter 100 mm and inner diameter

60 mm, is subjected to a bending moment of 15000 N-m, a twisting
moment of 25000 N-m and an axial tensile load P N. Find the
maximum safe value of tensile load P for each of the five theories of
failure, if the factor of safety required is 1.25, the yield strength of the
material is 500 MPa and the Poissons ratio is 0.25.
8. A cantilever beam of length L and of rectangular cross section of
B(breadth) and D (depth), having a tip load P. Derive expressions for
the save value of the maximum load P, for five theories of failure, in
terms of beam geometry, yield strength SY, Poisons ratio , Modulus
of elasticity E.
(a) A thin cylindrical vessel closed at ends, subjected to an internal
pressure p, has the internal diameter D and thickness t. It is further
subjected to an axial tensile force P and a twisting moment Mt. Set up
the expression for the principal stresses in the following form. mm1,
2 = (3X + Y)/2 [(Y X)/2]2 + (Z) 2]
where, X= pD/4t; Y = P/Dt; Z = 2Mt/D2 t
9 (a) A thin cylindrical vessel closed at ends, subjected to an internal
pressure p, has the internal diameter D and thickness t. It is further
subjected to an axial tensile force P and a twisting moment Mt. Set up
the expression for the maximum shear stress theory of failure in the
following form.
Sw = [(Y X)2 + 4(Z) 2]
where, Sw = Working Stress,
X= pD/4t; Y = P/Dt; Z = 2Mt/D2 t
b) If D = 100 mm, t = 4 mm, P= 20 kN, Mt = 5 kN-m, yield stress =
600 MPa, for a factor of safety of 2, find the maximum value of p that
can be applied, using the maximum shear stress theory of strength

10 (a) A thin cylindrical vessel closed at ends, subjected to an internal

pressure p, has the internal diameter D and thickness t. It is further subjected
to an axial tensile force P and a twisting moment Mt. Set up the expression
for the maximum strain energy theory of failure in the following form.
2

Sw2 = [9 4(1+)]X2 + Y2 + [6 4(1+)]XY + 2(1+)Z 2

where, Sw = Working Stress,
X= pD/4t; Y = P/Dt; Z = 2Mt/D2 t
Note: If we put = 0.5, then we get the distortion energy case as
Sw2 = 3X2 + Y2 + 3Z 2 , because in distortion, there is no volume change.
b) If D = 100 mm, t = 4 mm, p = 10 MPa, P= 20 kN, yield stress = 600 MPa,
for a factor of safety of 2, find the maximum value of Mt that can be applied,
using the maximum strain energy theory of strength
(5 marks)
(11) a) Prove that for small strains, the change in volume per unit volume
dV/V is the sum of three principal strains.
b) Prove that for small strains, if volume constancy is assumed,
Poisons ratio = 0.5
12) A hub is shrink-fit on a circular shaft. In a cubical element on the outer
fiber of the shaft the the stresses caused fy shrink fit are:
y = 75 MPa and z = -75 MPa. The shaft is subjected to bending causing x =
90 MPa at the extreme surface of the shaft. The transverse shear is
neglected. Hence all these stresses can be considered as principal
stresses. Consider modulus of elasticity E = 200 GPa and Poisons ratio =
0.3. Determine
a) three principal strains
b) the maximum shear stress
c) the strain energy
d) the distortion energy
e) the volumetric strain dV/V (see problem 11)