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INTRODUCTION TO DISEASES
Disease- a disturbance of structure or
function of the body; a harmful change
in the bodys normal activities.
Terms Related to Disease:
2. Inflammatory Diseases
Result of developmental
disturbances
Caused by genetic
abnormalities, abnormalities in
the numbers and distribution of
3. Degenerative Diseases
4. Metabolic Diseases
Classification of Diseases:
1. Congenital and Hereditary
Diseases
chromosomes, or interaction of
genetic and environmental
factors.
Ex: hemophilia: a rare bleeding
disorder in which the blood
doesnt clot normally.
5. Neoplastic Diseases
b) Influenza- family
orthomyxoviridae
c) Hepatitis- hepatotropic
virus (inflammation of the
liver)
Examples of diseases:
a) Malaria- Plasmodium
b) Trypanosomiasis
(sleeping sickness)trypanosome
Types of Pathogens:
1. Bacteria- unicellular prokaryotic
microorganisms.
Examples of diseases:
a) TuberculosisMycobacterium
tuberculosis
b) Urinary Tract Infection
(UTI)- Escherichia coli
c) Typhoid FeverSalmonella typhi
2. Viruses- multicellular microscopic
agents that can only reproduce inside
a host; made up of a tiny bundle of
genetic material, either RNA or DNA,
but never both.
Examples of diseases:
a) Measles- morbillivirus
Arteriosclerosis- thickening
and hardening of the walls of
the arteries.
Atherosclerosis- accumulation
of plaques in the walls of the
arteries.
Treatment for CV
Diseases
Lifestyle changes
Medicines
Medical and
surgical procedures
Types of Medical and Surgical
Procedures:
Surgery
4. Pneumonia-form of acute
respiratory infection where the alveoli
are filled with pus and fluid.
Taking shortcuts
1. Angioplasty- a nonsurgical
Ignoring safety procedures
procedure that opens blocked arteries.
Poor housekeeping, etc.
Cardiac
2. Coronary Artery
Bypass Graftingrehabilitation
6. Tuberculosis- an infectious disease
a healthy blood vessel from the body is
caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis
connected
to the blocked coronary
3. Malignant
Neoplasms
which commonly affects the lungs.
artery.
*benign- noncancerous and not
Pulmonary- in the lungs
progressive
Extrapulmonary- outside the
lungs
*malignant- cancerous and
progressive
8. Diabetes Mellitus
9. Diseases of the Kidney
10. Perinatal Period Conditions
THE IMMUNE SYSTEM
Immune System- bodys defense
against disease-causing organisms,
Thymus Gland
Spleen
Tonsils
Lymph Systems
Antibodies