Rizal Technological University

Boni Ave., Mandaluyong City

Written Report in
Industrial Materials and Process Management:

Glass and Ceramics

Submitted by:
San Miguel, Jielyn Jane D.
Salud, MaryAnn
Domingon, Trixie Marie
Garcia, Venus
Giltendez, Rachel Ann

Submitted to:
Engr. Maria Victoria Lazaro

GLASS AND CERAMICS

1. The main component of both glass and ceramic is silica or silicon dioxide, SiO 2.
2. Both glass and ceramic have the same properties as follow
a) Hard and brittle
b) Inert to chemical reactions
c) Insulators or poor conductors of heat and electricity
d) Withstand compression but not stretching
e) Can be easily cleaned
f) Low cost of production
3. A brief comparison of Glass vs Ceramics
a) Glass is a type of ceramic.
b) Ceramics have crystalline or semi crystalline or non crystalline atomic
c)
d)
e)
f)

structure; atomic structure of glass is non crystalline.

Only glass exhibits glass transition behavior out of all ceramics.
Most ceramics are opaque while glass is transparent.
Glass is cheaper than the other ceramics.
Ceramic can withstand a higher temperature than normal glass.

Glass
The major component of glass is silica or silicon dioxide, SiO 2 which found
in sand

In silicon dioxide, every silicon atom is bonded covalently to 4 oxygen

atoms in a tetragonal shape. Every oxygen atom is also bonded to 2
silicon atoms to from a gigantic covalent molecule.
MAJOR GLASS TYPES AND THEIR USES
Glass Type
Properties
Soda lime
Inexpensive; easy to

Limitations
Poor durability; not

Uses
Windows; bottles; light

melt and shape; most

chemically resistant;

bulbs; jars

widely used glass

poor thermal shock

Lead glass (often

High density; brilliant;

resistance
Poor durability; easily

Fine crystal radiation

2030% Pb oxide)

very easy to melt,

scratched

windows; TV tube parts

shape, cut, and

Borosilicate

engrave
Very good thermal

Not suitable for long-

Labware; kitchenware;

(usually 513%

shock resistance and

term high temperature

special light bulbs; glass

B 2O 3)

chemical durability;

use melt and shape

pipe; sealed

Aluminosilicate

easy to
Excellent thermal

More difficult to melt

beam headlights
Top-of-stove cookware;

(usually 510%

resistance; durability

and shape than

high quality fiberglass

Al 2 O 3 )
High silica (Vycor

Outstanding thermal

borosilicate
Difficult to make; very

Spacecraft windows;

96.5%; fused

resistance

expensive

labware; fiber optics

quartz 100%)

Ceramics
Ceramic is manufactured substances made from clay that is dried, and heated in
a kiln at a very high temperature
The main component of clay is aluminosilicate (aluminum oxide and silicon
dioxide) with small quantities of sand and feldspar. Unlike glass, ceramic cannot
be recycled.
Kaolinite is a high quality white clay that contains hydrated aluminosilicate,
Al2O32SiO22H2O
When the clay is heated to a very high temperature, it undergoes a series of
chemical reactions and is hardened permanently to form ceramics.

 These chemical changes are not reversible and the ceramic cannot be melted
and remoulded.

Properties and Uses of Ceramics

Properties

Uses

Example

Hard and strong

Construction

Tiles, cement, bricks

Withstand high pressure

materials
Construction

Furnaces, nuclear reactors

and heat

materials

Resistant to chemicals,

Ornamental articles

do not corrode and long-

Plates, bowls, vases, porcelain,

toilet wall tiles, floor

lasting
Good electric and heat

Electrical

Ovens, toasters, fuses, spark

insulators

appliances

plugs

Have semiconducting

Semiconductors

Microchips

properties and can store

charges

References:
http://www.differencebetween.com/difference-between-glass-and-vs-ceramic/
http://www.chemistryexplained.com/Bo-Ce/Ceramics.html
http://www.chemistryexplained.com/Ge-Hy/Glass.html
https://www.scribd.com/doc/15102759/Chemistry-Folio-Chapter-9-SPM
https://www.scribd.com/search-documents?query=glass+and+ceramics