VOCABULARY

OI'

GRUB

THK

LANGUAGE,

COMPILED

NATIVE

CROWTHER,

SAMUEL

REV.

MISSIOXARY

TIIK

BY

OF

TOGETHER

SOCIETY.

MISSIONARY

CHURCH

THE

WITH

REMARKS,

INTRODUCTORY

BY

Til

ft.
,

REV.

0.

DESIGNATE

IJISHOP

SEELEYS,
AND

HANOVER

E.

STREET,

VIDAL,
OF

FLEET
HANOVER

1852.

.SIERRA

M.

A.

l.EONE.

STREET,
SQUARE,

LONDON.

UCRC
pi

ADVERTISEMENT.

10"

N.

Benin, has been,

for

6" and

long,and
of

Country, lying

Yoruba

The

between
due

lat.,and
than

more

of the African

and, amongst

them, Mr. Crowther,

of

Church

work,

British

of the

cruisers

Leone,

where

schools

of the Church

of these

3000

the land

to

bless the

Mission

labours

amongst

3, 1846, and

birth

the

it has

returned

since

also

pleased God

of

hundred

several
at

once

community.
supplying.
St. Luke,

St. Paul's

Epistleto

the

St.

Peter, and

selections

and

less than

No

commenced
Aborigines,

present

in the

in the

Missionaries
Society's

literature became

is at

Sierra

at

education

to the establishment

Gospel according to

James

and

of the

rising Christian

Crowther

landed

the

Romans,

converts.

desideratum
want

Yoruba

the

of the

ing
flourish-

August

This

Acts

the

by

slavers

Christian

numbering

now

Christian

for this

Brazilian

of

following

the

MissionarySociety.

Abbeokuta,

chief town,

received

of

involuntaryemigrants have

of their

to

the

they

century,

Clergyman

now

squadron, and

Bight

Many Negroes,

compiler

re-captured from

were

6" W.

of the

north

slave-trade.

the

England,

and

2"

quarter of

the chief seat

the

the

Mr.

Primer,

of the

stles,
Apo-

Epistlesof
Book

St.

of Com-

iv

(
Prayer, embracing

nioii

it,except

just received

and

new

is

the
do

toward

much

a
settling

rich

but

race,
to

since
and

taken

were

in the
here
but

they

are

this very

these

this work

is

reader

the

whose

thus

amongst
Word

subjectof

to

duced
re-

by

Mr.

the proverbial

lipsof

the

his

the

are

language

national

of the

trymen
coun-

They

as
ethnologically,

the

pen

ting
elucidamind

first act

associated

Yorubans,

which

will be

of

once

among

both

on

which

of the best

one

ing
liv-

Bishop Designate

enteringon
for

measure

in their
at

article with

of

upon

with

details

the

"

the

of

able

languages

all his ministrations

system

valuable

the

in the very

enriched, from

Leone,

will be

The

can
Afri-

never

land, and

genius of

the

characteristics

in African

scholars

Sacred

of the

conversation.

common

illustrate

pointscontained

of Sierra

eupho-

people.
interesting
refer

We

and

collected

were

from

him

less valuable

no

of the

many

by
of

course

to

3000

near

years

is

it

sayingsinterspersedthroughout the

down

introduced

ten

to his native

his return

idiomatic

last

the

materials

The

writing.

Crowther

book

till within

Mr.

havinsj

And

language,spoken, probably,by 3,000,000

nous

of

press,

containing

work,

present

the

at

edition

corrections.

of

already

obtained

in the

now

and

revision

Gospels, are

improved

Grammar

his

vocables,may

see

tiler's Yoruba

that

important parts

more

them, be

of

most

may,

Society'sHouse.

hoped

the

Psalms, Epistles,and

the

published, and

-Crow

all

the

new

fusion
dif-

tongue, of that

own

the

his

standard

and

the

them.

phonography employed

in the Vocabu-

the

contains

also

which

lary

analysis

of

derivation

or

"

several

each

word

that

is

Rules

for

in

writing
the

Roman

Missionary
attempted

form

to

practical
under

of

be

that

the

at

Church

on

do

now

much,

of

the

as

the

efforts

bears

12,

sent

in

Gospel
and

House,

Missionary

April

it

the

on

the

the

but

most

one

dient
expeA

case."

present

been

not

system,
as

of

has

subject,

mary
sum-

will

(40).
is

may

suggests

it

'^

to

Church

the

to

phonetic

circumstances

far

p.

progress

claims

the

as

work

it

perfect

especially

which

in

its

alphabetical

to

appended

1848-49,

experience

all

it,

found

The

for

Report

in

Society

reference

with

Africa,"

in

spoken

this

languages

characters,

languages

which

unwritten

reducing

by

adopted

"

"

1852.

forth

with

God's

hand,
in

sympathies

the

prayerful

facilitating

towards

which

land

of

hope

has

England.

peculiar

REMARKS

INTRODUCTORY

TIU-;

ON

LAjNGUAGE,

YORUBA

BY

REV.

O.

E.

TFIE

VI

DAL,

M.A.

INTRODUCTORY

is with

It
the

diffidence

much

public

REMARKS.

the

has

been,

in

the

The

full

in

giving

demands
it than

case

of the

the

of the

kindred

Yoruba.

difficultyis incomparably
analogies
such

have

formed

language

of

his

on

analogies,
probable;
random.
such

analogies

what

even
we

have

ever

beautiful

may

be,

light upon
want

should

in

left to

them

the

by

one

known

clue

the

its

one,

guide

as

its

if

with
us

the

Kafir, the

the

very

his

to

first
ther
fur-

to

mind

as

at

where

case

it were,

ing
feel-

of knowing

advantage

vocabulary

after

example,

researches

is,as

of the

this

learner

is the

is the

study

affinities
to

he

there

Such

the

wdth

the

to

his

pursue

without

feel

at

difficultywdiich
Yoruba.
or

How^-

construction

perfections, and

by chance,
other

through

those

inquiries as

of this

for.

perfect

or

of those
be

dark,
seek

to

are

we

not

w^anting

are

him

themselves

reverse

very

for

up,

with

suggests

does

encounter

to

and

strikes

approve

he

the

in

way

which

the

But

his

studies,

that

so

prefixes

analogies

supposing

Sicuana,

of

Europeans

it is where

taking

previous acquaintance

analogous system
entrance

the

as

In

the

than

greater

traceable.

are

the

yet undiscovered,

as

are

in

ance
acquaint-

of

lot

where

tures,
fea-

genius

familiar
the

My

investigation.

and

more

And

dialects

cognate

or

further

to

guishing
distin-

leading

interest

character

yet fallen

has

of its
an

to

and

longer

with

stimulus

the

on

language.

few

aw'akening

of

appreciation

language

remarks

before

lay

to

Yoruba

the

of

illustrate

to

hope

of

subject, and

I venture

following scanty

peculiarities
design

that

from

tongues
the

to

the
which

labyrinth.

Failing,however,
to

by

analogiesvvliich

those

Yoruba

the

connect

languages of Africa, we
of those analogies,come
exclude

it from

families

whose

that

utmost

offer

Hamitic

the

very

want

at

we

to

one

or

which

two

the

of the
Yoruba

limitingto
search

some

grand

to

exclusions,

families
be

cannot

extent

have

now

of this series of

foundation

manner

must

attempt in the remarks

can

the

of the

referred,
area

over

for its affinities.

peculiarityof the Yoruba

language to which
shall refer,is,the complete and regular system of
fixes
preformed.
This is a proare
by which substantives
minent
feature in the language,and renders
it susceptible
The

stock,

in this

which

the

so

lay the
marking out

and

positionamongst

negative conclusion, and

of those ethnological
and
another
one
features are
characteristic
prominent and

is to

thus

us

so,

still,from

may

enable

clusions,
perhaps eventually,after a series of exthere
arrive at a satisfactory
result,from which
no
escaping. But at present our knowledge of
possible
utterly imphilology is so scanty, that it were
far.
The
to continue
so
our
negative process

defined, and

African

its

would

dialects,and

its kindred

with

inference, to lay down

direct

will be

first

of increase
contained

to

in

an

indefinite

the

simple

extent.

verb

may

The
be

originalidea
modified

in

varietyof ways, and carried through numerous

relations,
without
addition
of prefixes,in
by the mere
periphrasis,
such
take
a
regular system that it is scarcelypossibleto misthe meaning of the compound.
have
1. We
first the radical word, expressing the simple
idea of acting or suffering
do ;" fe,
love ;"
; as se,
know
;" lo, "go."
MO,
"

"

"

2.

The

substantive
action

idea

contained

form,

denoted

in which

by

the

in this

radical

it expresses

word

assumes

abstractedlythe

verb, by taking the

prefix

?;

(
the action

"

thus, isE,

loving,love ;"
the

"

iLo,
3.

"

mo,

of

act

in the

regarded

denoted
abstract

particularrelations,so
To
aye,

; as

it

general idea
'^

living;"

possessing
much
is

prefix a
state

afe,

in the

is very

limitation, the

this

always

also

us

definite,as

more

of

be

cannot

before

comes

that the

state

the verb

by
:

express
"

used

"

act

it becomes

concrete, when

limited.

the

the act of
doing ;" ife,
of knowing, knowledge ;"

going."

action

The

of

act

or

of loving,"

going." These words apply to particular

particulartimes, generallyimplying that the
"

ALO,

agents
acts

be

at

they describe may come

used
convertiblywith iye,

love, going, in
stated

be

might

the

an

end

ife,

ilo,

to

abstract.

; and

which

the

i denotes

thus, that

cannot

denote

the

Perhaps

tbey

life,

distinction

act, a the fact,

expressed in the verb.

tended
action as in4. The
prefix ati describes the same
or
commencing, and may be called the inchoative
the
the
of going," atife,
act
prefix. Thus, ATIL9,
act of loving,"considered
not
as
yet in exercise.
abstract idea of the action
5. The
expressed in the verb
be negatived, or converted
into its opposite,by the
may
"

"

prefixingof a to the abstract prefixi.

want
ignorance/'aigbon,
"

"

Thus,
of

"

aimo,

wisdom,"

knowing,
un-

aigbo,

unbelief."
To

verb
G.

describe
the

"

agent

followingmodes

The

pejja,

the

prefix
a

a;

as

fish," AKONRiN,

of the

contained

action

of formation

^'

observed.

are

fisherman,"

"a

apejja,

singer," from

in the

konrix,

from
"

to

sing.
7.

The

reduplicationof

fisherman,"
8.

From

"

konrinkonrin,

the

noun

by prefixingthe

again
verb

verb,

the

singer."

is formed

Nf,

"

pejjapejja,

as

"to

verb of possession,

have," which, before

beginning

nouns

its vowel

drops
the

or

And

owo,

hence
vowel

"

determinate

prefixed

vowel

initial vowel

"

one

who

"one

who
or

the

form

other

"

onidajo,

ignorant;"elese,
money;"
possesses

"

ESE,
LESE,

sin," the

"

sin,"the

"

to have

EL^sE,
iLESE,

"

sin," verb
has

"

the

having

"

to

not

who

complete and
being exhibited

nouns,

as

the

as

thing

alaimo,

who

"one

sesses,
pos-

frcedom

perfect is
in

degree

they

have

of

tabular

formation
of the

of

nouns.

verb.

irregularformation.
of

possession.
of

possession.

sin."

from

having sin."

freedom
this

from

system

form, as

having

that

follows

similaritytraceable

been

will throw

se

sin."

possesses

So

having

possess

one

is

has sin ;" olowo,

from

sin," noun

of

ALAiLESE,

There

an

noun,

the act

"

same

judges ;"

who

to

retained, the

denotes

of derivatives

"

LAiLESE,

possess

according

olorun,

originalidea

who

one

ailese,

to

in, heaven."

"

SE,

"

it is the

cases

one

"to

LAIM9,

money."
formed
by prefixing

is

ni

who

one

in, the

possess

which

noun

is

is

to

light u])on the above-described

more

of

in

following list

The

lowo,

the

of the

possessed ; thus,

"

be

or

lese,

possession are
varies
verb, which

Where

is

sin,"

of

this

rule.

to possess,

"

li, and

"judgment,

idajo,

"ignorance,"

ese,

money,"

nouns

to

"

into

changed

find, from

we

from

ignorance ;"

sin ;" from

the

thus

is

e, o,

judging," nidajo,
judging;" from almo,

possess

9.

a,

of

act

of

act

with

called, of the

it admits
:

in the
M

pong

sin."

verbal
we

Ian-

(
instance, there

For

^uage.

verb,

the

from

"

abstract

are

lovc

"

iTONDA,

by prefixing o; as, from

liar;" and frequentative
nouns,

formed
"a

of the final
much

"

verb

the

abstract,

Kafir

every

40

pp.

and

Mandingo,

the

of agency,

similar

"

Vide

"A

I Vide

"A

5; Vide

"

Dr.

the

By

by

fixes
pre-

slight

verbal,

nouns

heard

never

of the

meaning
Archbell's
the

as

of

words.

;|:

of formation

modes

abstract,

as

are

Krapf
language,

Dr.

as

nouns,

of that

grammar

word

account

same

concrete

simple

his

in

but

would

Grammar
Grammar

Outline

J. L. Krapf.

use

of the

Gaboon

M.

of

of

instrument, of quality,

either from

always by

verbs

suffixes

Mpongwe

Mission,

be said

Africa,

"

the

17.

in

nouns,

other

Language," by

Western

or

instead

of suffixes, where

employ prefixes,may

Grammar

B. C. F.

+ Vide

from

formed

are

manner;

languages

A.

well

of

readily understood

in almost

too, nouns

Indeed, the

the

as

mood

44."

"

In

or

fully explained

has

verbs,

from

derived

form

his

which

sometimes

language, also, has

substantives,

which

by

given

is

Kisuaheli

The

the

imp.

and

in

says

derived.

be

derived. '"t

are

formations

Sicuana

would

understood

who

they

whence

from

and

Kafirs

that form,

in

change

Kafir

from

root
are

nouns,

the

"c., which, though

concrete,

before

nouns

the

as

the

the

in

sing, of

verb,

the

termination,

in

change

the

lie,"nokini,

"to

noka,

person

considered

part of

this

to

by

former, Boyce

the

words, especiallythe

other

by

Of

second

be

may

formed

agency,

lie,"onoki,

"to

noka,

is observable

thing

The

"

Grammar,

of

nouns

languages.

Sicuana

;"

from

as,

lying."

same

very

from

as,

ini;

habitual

or

The

into

"

derived

nouns,

Yoruba, by prefixing i ;

in

a"^

love,"

to

TONDA,

of prefixes.
African
to

be

Missionaries

of

p. 14.

Boyce, " IL 4. p. 6.
Language," by
of the Sechuana
Language," by Archliell,p. 8.
of the Kisuaheli Language,'' by the Rev.
the Elements

Part

of the

IL

Ch.

W.

Kafir

IL

" 4.

his elaborate

in

tile value

that

languages, is
Something
remarkable
such

of

understood.

being

affirmer

pouvons

habitues

this respect

of the other

any

without

excepting

of this

kind,

in

operation

all

feature
and

formative
80

the

et

it is true,

in

the

"

us

in

as

researches

our

Macbrair, "

stock.

subject,a

our

"A

Grammar

But

of the

there

fact to be

of the

Yoruba

referred,
A

be

ciple
prin-

found

in

guishing
distin-

beautiful

pleteness
com-

characterize

its

have

proceeded

Yoruba

language

jMandingo Languago,"

by

will

the families

is, in relation

noticed, which

at

this

to

will enable

the Rev.

R.

M.

19"21.

t Vide^'

The

J Vide

Dictionnairc

"

sens

ils sont

the

assigningits positionamongst

llamitic

Vide

le

process.

help

part of

but

the

perfect regularitywhich

far, however,

of the

is

the

Sicuana.

necessityto

Yoruba

nous

mots."|
I have

assez

; et

tant

to

which

polysyllabic tongues

livres

saisiront

les

and

is of

Wo-

Nos

"

woloiTs

nearer

the Kafir

fail of

not

traduits

etre

composer
comes

nised
recog-

Dictionnaire

methode,

languages to

present, this leading feature

not

"

negres

cette

Woloff

even

would

negres

memes

d'apr^s

decomposer

done

des

langage
ces

Inch

in his

peuvent

que

formes

mots

than

le

according to

unequivocally;

most

says,

dans

exactement

Dard,

fact
"

fran9ais,"he

roots,

Yoruba,

M.

this

lofF,"states

In

known

in the

as

process,

des

from

to

before,

heard

never

most

indeed

Woloif,

the

words,

new

that

pervades

dialects,

that

be formed

might

kind,

in dilFerent

formation

character

same

African

extent,

an

of this

distinction

servatio
ob-

an

great importance.f

no

of the

of

of

of inflexional

the methods

between

has
pliilolo(";y,

African

on

paper

however,

Latham,

Dr.

^landingo.*

in the

rule

universal

17th

Rej)ort of
Woloff-

the British

Fraii^aisct

Association,"

p. 218.

Fran^ais- Woloff/' ]jar M. Dard.

(
to

US

take

with

that

mean,

there

is

all this

total absence

by

manner

this
African

of that

elaborate

in

whole

family;

which

by

governed

an

first developed

Kafir

language,*
philosophical

works.

He

of the

halves, of which

two

"

divides, as it

"

solves
re-

South-

of nature.

contemplation
African," he says,
into

guishes
distin-

was

action

its

creation

of classification

system

prefixes,which

grand peculiarityinto

mind

exclusion.

perfect regularityof formation

South-African

of the South

the

of

process

of the
by Boyce in his Grammar
been recentlyexplained in a more
by Dr. Krapf in his Kisuaheli

has

mind

our

of formative

means

the

and

step in

first

the

The

were,
is

one

the

principleof spontaneityof movement,

of creative
and
activity,whilst the other follows the
can
principleof passivenessand necessity. The South-Afrimind

the animate
creation
from
the
distinguishes
inanimate
and, again, distinguishesin the animate
;
creation
rational and
irrational beings, men
and brutes.
creation
it distinguishes
Furthermore, in the inanimate
between

life and
the

that

seem

death,

South-African

modifications."

or

described

by

of formative

prefixes.

classification
it from

I have

Vide

"

"

Outl.

And

the

in the Yoruba

that

extensive

W'hole

of Africa

mental

II. 5. et

and

the

in various

itself in

general

of

means

system

of

absence

fullysufficient
family of languages

the

the

dations
gra-

thus
distinction,

entire

south

and

impression

is

recently discovered

cognates, the Sherbro

two

This

Krapf, developed
nouns
substantive, by

of

the

would

in the formation

Dr.

classification

which

mind,

general,it

language,was guided by
pervades the whole creation

of life which

occupies

In

were.

of its

cultivation

such

it

as

of the

to

(with

to be

Language."

Part

II. Ch.

II.

of
its

branch.

passim.

of El. of Kisuaheli

clude
ex-

which

line,and

Temneh

BiiUom)

any

p. 30.

(
The

claims

which

regulatesthe concord
personal pronoun

our

but

the

pronoun.

used

That

of which

depends
with

sound

vowel

has

nately,
indiscrimi-

of the verb

sound

in construction.

are

be

cannot

vowel

and

singular number

the

in

appropriateness

the

upon

they

of tlie verb

forms, which

distinct

language
euphonic system

notice, is,the curious

which

three

of tlie Yoruba

strikingfeature

second

Each

clusively
ex-

which

affects

the

alteringit so as to make it of the

kind or quantity. The
first,indeed, of the three
same
of general form, being
to is a sort
forms
just alluded
of
of the pronoun
the use
the originaland full form
; but
sound
of
latter is wholly regulated by the vowel
the two
of the pronoun,

vowel

verb.

the

this purpose

For

to form

apparently made

are

closeness

the

to

Close

vowels

the

...

Then, according

which

vowel

personal pronouns
they
and

the

before

The

the

are,

9,

being

Yoruba

between

The
iwo,

full forms
The

on.

mo,

o,

The

ith the

acute

the second
with

third

an

language abounds

accent,

and

"

of the

sound
the

pronoun

of the three
forms
are,

which

mo,

o, 6 ;

personal pronoun,
to show

that

third consists in the

elevation
in these

of the

voice.

intonations.

It is

negative particle is subject to

changes, its originalform being ki, before close

same

vowels

Ko,

which
may

open

first class of vowels

enunciated

observable, also,that
the

emi,

the

is marked

or

thus

governing verb,
o.

open

second,

distinction

latter

or

before

assume

6,

in the

occurs

the close

assumes

close

the

to

language

of their sound

o
...

vowels

Yoruba

the

ing
separate classes,accord-

two

openness

or

vowels

Open

of

be

and
I

exhibited

the

before

open,

ko.

would

call

the

in the

This
Vocalic

following table

system

Euphony
:

"

of mutations,

System,

(
relation

obtains

which

10

between

the

parts of

component

sentence.

observed

I have

that

the

of this

appearance

of

to connect
seems
euphonic concord
the langua,^esof Africa generally. I

that

affords

it

clue

no

us

the

to

principle

the Yoruba

with

add, however,

must

which

position

this

them, except it be negatively,

language holds amongst
by pointing out to what classes it does not belong. The
the
simple fact, that in the Yoruba
euphonic changes
affect

tlie vowel-sound

alone, whilst in those

effected

generally throughout Africa

by consonantal
changes,furnishes

marked

distinction,sufficient

prevail

from
is

other

found;

still be

may
the

I know

of but

Yoruba,
the

that is in the

and

which

vowel

Ni

several

persons
a

verb

And

upon

the

resemblance,

no

between
*

Vide

p. 25.

"

there

/sou,

tense.*

ta

and

verb

the

mu

^soii,

varies
that

; so

pronoun

noun
proThere

language.

auxiliary to
of the

of the

euphony

of the verb

Haussa

thing

is any

for the

f/soH,

Here, however,

we

we

may

whereas, in the Haussa, the noun

prothe verb, in the Yoruba, on the contrary,

this is the

resembling

ki

of that

distinction

acts

an

as

y/soii,

influences
the

the

very

this

speech.

vocalic

concord

vowel-sound

ka

/sAii,

observe

serves

the

according to
have

only in

tense

one

the

connecting link, in

in which

closelyresembles

very

as

of human

instance

one

the

regarded

with

is

language
euphonic principle
of the principle in

existence

larger families

tracingout

in

the

concord

us

exclude

to

in which

classes

although

shape

that

the

so

the

any

systems which

; for

the

pronoun.

only

instance

Yoruba

except

euphonic
in the

this vocalic

Vocabulary

of any

of the Haussa

concord

bare

change,

thing
;

existence
and

Language,"

the
by

nearly

very

for there
of

is

principle,
regular har-

the Kev.

J. F.

Schon,

(
monious

system which
of that

construction

the

appropriate
The

applied.
been

divided
the

Damara,
be

added

to

stock

one

them

and

confirm

and

in

in

us

already led by

is,however,

known

long

instance

here

But

the WolofF.

of that

depending on
This phase of
yet bear

does
to the

I would

of the

class

whatever

Vide

the

"

Dictionnaire

signe

le

prove

Woloff-

la

and

it defines.t

languages,

be,

it bears

than
And

euphony system

from
to

forms

connected
though totallyun-

to that

the

western

which

the

of

the

alliteral

vast

that

hence

family,
Woloff,

at

unconnected, distinguishedas

langue Ouolof,"

Franoais

de

which

it from

also

mean,

single
particleto
position,"*

in the Yoruba.

vocalic

hibits
ex-

in the

different

seven

noun

South-African

the

to

language,

concord

"

of the

exclude

only

sur

we

pervades

Coast, which

efTective

Dard, has

trace

we

south, but

"Rech"rches

belong

to which

and

resemblance

nearer

that

it may

in

other

all to

presents itself

title of

of

that

present standing alone

*

euphonic

euphonic concord,

not

the

in the latter of

West

the

argue,

latter does

them

initial

and

each

to

the

now

may

Kisuaheli

the

which

phase

the

on

unique

most

with

which

remarkable

very

it only

which, according to

and

Congo,

by prefixeswhich

the

Roger gives the

which

have

total want

other

one

peculiarityof

the

great class

conclusion

the

the

Europeans

to

been

former.

distinguishesthe

There

to whicli

existing between
dissimilarity
the particularwe
now
sidering,
conare

the

will

whole

has

to

resemblance

system of classification

that

Kafir,

the

clearly proves

Yoruba,

been

have

general

the

south,
Class

of that

others, the

tw^o

; whilst

the

separate families, the

four

construction

the

Alliteral

dialects

least

Their

point of

the

Sicuana, and

at

Temneh.

of

known

in

family

vast

directs

and

pervades

name

into

11

et

par

M.

le Baron

Fran^ais-Wolotf," par

Roger.
M.

Dard.

12

(
many

be

traced.

The
is

shall
extraordinary peculiarities,

by

it is

of

those

feature

third

one

still

which

used

There

the

themselves,

and

few

ticles
parof

single exception,
in
future auxiliary vio, are
significant
consequently separable from the verb

; but

tense

of

of

distinctions

mark

to

of

total absence

it is true,

are,

Yoruba
either

than

It is the

preceded.

ally
eventu-

the

in

character

auxiliaryverbs,

as

and

perhaps,

negative

the verb.

notice

1 shall

which

more

have

in
conjugation

mood

the

these, with

they are employed to modify. Thus we have le and ma,

;
denoting a potentialand a subjunctivemood respectively
for

also

as

there
:

is

nothing that presents

the
verb
always appears

The
it

grand peculiarityof
respects the

which

they

Chev.

Bunsen

have

has

in each

which

form,

its root

in

the

"

which

the

is intended

the

effected

by
by

the

consonants,

or

radical

the

either

suitable

"Seventeenth

Report

Ethnology, and

t Vide

berg, Ch.

"

Grammar
IV.

the

he

to mark

"

IL

the

of

an

Sanscritic

Egyptian

jugation,
con-

of

the modifications
mode

and

time

cations
modifi-

form

of the

of the

of vowels

addition

Association,"

researches

Language," by

ters
let-

p.

con-

seven

282, in

in reference

classification of Languages,

the

in

of servile
The

vowels.f

of the British

of the Amharic
3.

by

definition,

own

the

change

mere

tained
predicatecon-

languages,these

alteration

an

this

By

Semitic.

of the

calls

Semitic

change

results of the recent

African

what

In

originalverb,

Vide

of

kind

copula is capable,according to

are

with

that

perfectionto
conjugationwhich

extreme

modification

to

of existence."*

same

languages generally,

adjectiveverb," to give his

which

"

the

denominated

in contradistinction

on

ion
of inflex-

appearance

African

verb, is
carried

is denoted

name

the

But

future.

yio,

varies.

never

as

tenses, ti, past, and

the

by C. C. J.

the Rev.

paper

to Asiatic

and

Bunsen.

C. W.

Isen-

"(

jngationsof
verb

will

the

at

described.

above

manner

has

Semitic,

of

ten

Amharic, which

belonging
that

states

regular

to the

the

old

forms

Egyptian

perfectverb.
shows

Chev.

much

Newman

so, that

primitive verbs
exactly

on

the

same

He

Syro-Arabian."t

and
forms

derivative

of these

that

process,

he

which

to

respect

in the

germ

*
auxiliary.

the

Berber

modified

From
ing,
mean-

principleas in the Ethiopian

three
subsequently mentions
verbs
"

says,

Causative, with

1. The

This

verb,

causative

Bunsen

grammar,

with

others

derived

are

of form

"

in his

says

in the

of this Semitic

germ

conjugation; but the developement of that

Coptic is not organic, being effected by an
in
extent
The
same
system prevailsto some
so

the

Africa, Isenberg

twenty-fourvariations

and

in

whilst

with

Semitism

less than

no

Arabic

Ethiopiclanguage,strictly

different

these

the

minds, all formed

our

The

connects

exhibited

has

to

occur

of

the thirteen

and

Hebrew,

once

13

is

it would

entirelya living

so

may

seem,

always

risk of
from
given verb, without
any
safelybe invented
and,
being misunderstood.":!: 2. The Passive or Neuter;
forms
derived
more
3. The
Reciprocal ; adding that
"

exist, but

these

than

yet be

cannot

methodized.""

As

proceed southward, however, to the large alliteral

family already so often mentioned, we find this system of
fully,at least
conjugation developing itself,if not more
and
of definiteness
with
regularity. To mention
more
we

of

few

some

the

many

family,the Kafir exhibits

"

"

Seventeenth
Vide

"

I Ibid. p. 314.

^ Ibid.

Siciiana

eleven, and

Mpongwe
*

the

verb,

the

p. 315.

Report
Grammar

the

of the

of the

dialects
at

least

six,

the

Temneh

which

eight

compose

modifications

Kisuaheli
an

seven,

equal number.

British Association," p. 282.

Berber

Language,"

p.

313.

that

of
the
The

14

called by some
the Objective,*by
conjuojation
marks
all
Relative,!is a peculiaritywhich
is not

to

extends, in

any

and

It denotes

that

for
does

not

in

or

less

the
and

another.

Wololf,

the

in

the

Intensive

any

further

family.
tively,
rela-

conjugation

which, however,
of the

other

is

verb,

of these

many

markably
re-

ing
count-

peculiar to

languages ;

as,

for

stance,
in-

Iterative, the Diminutive,

the

Preparatory,

this

performed

This

its modifications

place

no

is

guages,
lan-

ledge
know-

my

to

the

these

as

belong

described
of

far

as

not

eleven, and

than

itself,having

does

that

behalf
in

appear

with,

met

the action

in
prolific
no

be

others

Negative conjugations; thus servingto

which
keep up that character for singularity
distinguishes
this unique specimen of human
in the
speech. Even
in this
a
Mandingo there seems
slighttouch ofSemitism
be formed
from
respect, as a causative conjugation may
the radical by an
organic change ; but to the best of my
of the predicate are
not
belief,these modifications
ried
carAnd

in that dialect.

after

now,

families

taking this

of Africa, in respect

when

of any

trace
slightest

in

add, that

shall feel constrained

view

summary

of this

the Yoruba

admit

that

the

to

cipal
prin-

teristic,
charac-

grand

there

thing approaching
to

of the

is not

it,I

the

think

we

total absence

of

of necessityexclude
distinguishingpeculiaritymust
from
direct relationship to the
the Yoruba
any
families possessingit. Thus
led again,by a third
are
we
sion
argument, independent of the two former, to the conclusuch

that

teral
our

this

language

family of
former

WolofF;

and,
*

Boycp,

t American

south

the

view

has

of its

Kafir

to

Grammar"

Missionaries'

also

are

we

with

the

this,we
"

"

VI.

now

alli-

strengthened

complete separation from

in addition

"

connexion

no

find

that

n. p. 49.

Mj)()ngwe Grammar,"

"

57

in

the
it is

and

northern

If

the

that

of

which

over

area

Yoruba

of the

to

either

Nile

the

whole

fifteenth

fifth and

ten

degrees

W.

and

is another

There

for

sea

space

either

on

Guinea

tinent.
con-

perceive
ties
affini-

the

side of the

coast, which

mysterious river,

kingdoms

; the

the

the

of the inland

side

shall

search

the tract

of that

course

line of Mahommedan
on

but

Niger, with

the

by

Africa, we

must

we

for this purpose

banks

of

of the

minished
language is very considerably diremains
to be
fact, nothing now
plored
ex-

that,in

the map

to

turn

the

Semitic
families
strictly
portions of the African

more

north-eastern

now

we

the

from

equally far

15

which
of

closed
en-

the

and

stretches

eastward

Tchad, from

being

is

the

included

Niger

between

degrees of N. latitude,and between

thirtydegrees E. of longitude.

very

strikingfeature in the
unwilling to pass over

Yoruba

I feel
in this
language, which
memoir, although,at the present stage of our
knowledge
the subjectof African
on
philology,it will not afford any
help in assigningto this language its proper position on
the ethnologicalchart.
The
adverb
is a part of speech

in which

of

of the
the

Yoruba

commonly

there

of this

use

eventually
in

not

recognise

ristic
characte-

any

sufficiently
prominent to become
a distinctive
specific. But
any language, either generic or

case

in

do

we

prove

general terms,

is

most

observable

part of speech, wiiich

to be
we

such

may

distinctive

say, that each

mark
in

the

peculiarity
I

must,
mark.

think,

Speaking

individual

adverb

of

an
qualificationpossesses
idiosyncrasy of its own
which
altogetherincapacitatesit from
supplying the
It contains
within itself the idea of the
place of another.

word
form
In

which
and

it is

employed to qualify,although,as to
with tliat word.
derivation,totallyunconnected

this way

"

almost

every

adjectiveand

verb

has its

own

(
peculiar adverb

to

16

its

express

quality/'*or

rather

its degree.

This

peculiaritymust
certainly greatlyincrease
the expressiveness
of the language. Thus, for example,
in sentences
where
should
we
employ the word
"veiy"
let the subject of which
we
were
speaking be what it
would
the same
might, the Yoruban
meaning
express
of definiteness
with far more
and precisionby a separate
adverb

in each

vertibly.

no

case,

We

should

say,

tlie bird

veri/

high ;"

veri/

yellow ;"

"

"

the

two

of which
for

instance,

flies vcri/

scarlet

could

high ;"

is veri/ red

be

used

con-

"

The

tree

is

"

this

cloth

is

;"

"

glass is

the

would
dazzling." But the Yoruban
vary his adverb
in
;"
eiyefo tianexample ; thus
iggi ga Jiqfio
every
ododo
tian;'
aso
pipa roro;"
yi pon rokirokif
It is true, we
have adverbs
awojijinndan maratimaran"
which
can
only be applied to certain classes of subjects,
the
word
as
beautifully"can only be used concerning
here the tendency to generaleven
objectsof sense
ize
; but
is observable
:
beautifully"belongs of course, in its
the
original acceptation,only to objects of sight,as,
cloth is beautifully
yellow ;" but we employ it constantly
in reference
to objects of hearing, speaking of harmony
In the
the
Yoruba, on
as
beautifullysoft,and so on.
the working of a principlethe very
contrary, we observe
fiofio,"
oppositeof this generalization. Thus the word
used above, can
only apply to the idea of height, and
the subjectof which
that,too, only when
height is predicated

vety

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

is connected

with

the

ground,

and

stands

it

upon

height implies distance from the

ground and separationfrom it, another distinct adverb,
be employed.
roSo, too, the adverb
must
tiantian,"
kiroki" can
only be used of a yellow colour, although the
roro" only of a
word
itself does not mean
yellow; and

for when

the

idea

of

"

"

"

Vide

"

Vocabulary

of the Yoruba

Language," by

S. Crowther,

p. 29.

18

dency. It is true that this concise and pointed method

to all nations
of speech is,in a degree, common
amongst
civilization

whom

but

made

has

little progress

for, as

proverbial expressionsare
justlyremarked,
peculiarlyadapted to a rude state of society,and more
likelyto produce effect than any other ; for they profess
to
but to command
to persuade, but
not
to dispute,
; not
compel : they conduct men, not by circuitous argument,
tegrity
but immediately, to the approbation and practiceof in"

been

has

virtue."*

and

the

In

is

there

however,

Yoruba,

of these sententious sayings,

extraordinaryexuberance
confined
to any
particularcaste undertaking to be
of
guide of the rest ; but everywhere in the mouths

an

not

the

all,imparting

character

to

than

ordinary shrewdness,
If brevity and elegance
excellencies
of a proverb,

marking out a people of more

and discernment.
intelligence,
be regarded as the two
main
the Yoruban
aphorisms may
of any

those

other

besides

the

into

small

them,

compass,

is,for

contrivance

the

of taste

modern

or

rank

with

times

; for

equal

an

of the

discriminatingsentiment

which

is

always observable

part, also

most

greater than

almost

an

parts, which

of the

construction

or

claim

in ancient

condensation

there

refinement

nation

conversation,and

common

should

we

in

poetical
marks

naturallyhave

expected.
1 believe

that

the

number

proverbialsayingswill
the

national

the

existence

and

hunting

the

southern

Vide

II. Ch.

Home's
I. ^ vi.

almost

songs,

tribes,and

"

Introduction

bear

us

of any

them
such

the

character

those

as

of which

to

in

out

Yorubas.

poetry of the
among

and

am

heroic
which

of these

callingthem
not

of

aware

pieces,or

war

prevail amongst

Casalis

has

given

the Scriptures," Vol. II. Part

us

II. Book

(
remarkable

several

if I may

kind, probably evincing a

diiferent

the

call it

people

us, both

remind

which

; and

in sentiment

in

the

first

object of

Some

intended

is

in

place, they are

is

sense

selected,to

attributed, and

features

to

of

of notice.

metaphorical.

which

the

character
dent,
acci-

other

quality,or

some

of

of the

some

two

main

the

of the

character

style,of

poeticalbooks of scripture.
I would
proceed to point out one or
the Yoruban
proverb which are worthy
In

be

to

the

fail,I think,

cannot

and

of

poetry

rather

in

mind

The

specimens.*
such, seems

Yorubas,
didactic

ly

signed
predicated of that object of sense, which is deto figurethe intended
tion
predicate. As an illustraquote the proverb,
my meaning, I may

is

of

Agbe
^'

which

calabash

A
is

ni

receives

explained

forbearance;"

to

omi,

of

sediment
An

"

elder

water,"
exercise

nmst

or,
O

always flyback

Ashes

the

mean,

EnNITI
"

egbin

ije

da

in

ERU

LI

ITO,

face

the

of him

that

throws

them,"
i. e. the

calumnies,

another

will recoil

style is
say

may

on

which
injuries,
his

essential

not

it is

or

essential,or

head.

own

to

most

aims

man

This

proverb ;

at least

but

at

cal
metaphoriI think

we

highly conducive,

served
proverb. Casalis has obin the Sisuto
the same
proverbs in the south.
Les
Bassoutos,"he says, "me
paraissentavoir ete tout
dans ce genre
de composition.
particulierementheureux
Leur
langue, par sa precisionenergique se prete admirablement
au
stylesententieux,et I'elementmetaphorique

to the

poeticalcharacter

of

one

"

est

entree

Vide

p. 32.

"

si abondamment
'Etudes

sur

la

dans

sa

langue Sechuaiia,"

formation,
par

qu

'on

Eug. Casalis,Partie

ne

III.

20

revetir
a
parlersans s'habituer insensiblement
de quelque image qui les fixe dans la meses
pensecs
of this metaphorical style,we
moire."*
As an
instance
find amongst his catalogueofSisuto
proverbs, La pointe
la premiere," meaning, "Be
doit passer
de I'aiguille
by
direct in your discourse, avoid disguisingthe truth
kind
words."
Another
evasive
example of the same
la

saurait

"

the Yorubas

amongst

Ate

Multitudes

Yoruban

similar

didactic

pointed out

to

friend, the

Rev.

which

and

by

might

which

which

to

tioned.
men-

to

which

first

w^as

and
same

valued
feature

racteristi
grand chaproved to be the

of the

one

has

of Hebrew
characteristic,
poetry.
system of parallelism,and by this word

distinctive

call it the

the

regardedas

be

It is that

Bishop Jebb

be

gives

esteemed

considered

there, is

road."

the

feature

my

Venn.

Henry

Lowth

Bishop

sole

notice

my

upon

character

poetry, is

onna,

trodden

proverbs their peculiarclaim

national

be

characteristic,however,

The

oju

ekuro

ite

palm-nut lying in

of

more

here, to

upon

fate of the

the

li

wa

ate

be trodden

To

"

yun

is,

We
Me

equality,resemblance, or relationship,
between
the members
of each
period ; so that in two
of the same
lines,or members
period,thingsshall answer
and
words
if fitted to each other
to things,
to words, as
This
parallelismin
by a kind of rule or measure."!
Hebrew
poetry has been stated to consist of four species,

denote

"

which

certain

the
termed
the gradational,
respectively
The
the introverted.
and
synthetic,
gra-

been

have

antithetic,the
*

"

'Etudes

sur

t Vide Home's
II. Ch.

la
"

lang.Sech."
Introduction

II. 1x496. To

invaluable

subject.

work

am

Part
to

the

the examination
indebted

fur

III. p. 84.
Vol.
Scrii^tures,"
of Scripturepoetry

the

arrangement

II. Part
contained

II. Book
in that

of this part of my

by
of the

sentences,

of

noun

be

which, whatever

so

and

of

second

expression;
synthetic

construction
verb

and

noun,

introverted

to

is that

clauses, the first is

the last but

to

nected
con-

are

the

in the

the

rises

and

one,

on.

Of

with
meet
a
gradational parallelismwe
the Yoruban
proverbs ; thus, in
amongst

the

instances

ONIBUJE

k6

PE

ISAN,

ONINABl

k6

JU

ODUN

OSO
OsO
"

"

made

with

buje

Marks

made

with

inabi

AlIERE

'AtTA

do

"

ILLE.

KEHIN

The

ridge of the
descending

roof

will be

scale

farm,

after the

will be

farm-house

year."

OKO,

KEHIN

YIO

than

more

days,

nine

than

more

last

not

YIO

NI

last

not

do

NI

The

in the

And

the

LO.

"

"

Marks

"

few

have,

ascending scale, we

"

in

clauses

two

the number

last, the

the

parallelto

clause

similarity;

artificial ;
verb, being strictly
in

second

parallelismlies
answering to

the

which

in

is that

the

instead

contrast

the

significanceor

in which

is that

antithetic

the

in

the first,either

above

which

speciesin

is that

dational

^1

the

notice

may

we

house."

after the

two

lowing
fol-

"

Bi

Bl
"

If you
If you

1W9
IWO

have
cannot

LI

owe,

k6

LI

ENA,

visit,you

of the

NI

IBE

IKU,

AbEBBE

NI

IBE

ORAN

BA

ORU

NI
"

RERE

LI

may

pay

kind

AbEBBE

"

send

may

AbEBBE

CHUN

LI

the character

Bl

"

ENA

LI

(to give),you

money

no

partakes of

This

k6

ENNU.

visits

messages."

logicalsorites.
;

MU
E.

IBE
"

pleader (with the gods) wards

pleader(with the judge)wards

off death,
off

punishment

(
is

If the heat

Of

with
some
parallelismwe also meet
indeed, this species is peculiarlyadapted
aphorisms. The followingare specimens

antithetic

the

examples ;
adages and

ALAPA

AsE

CHUN

LI

OSO,

GBOGBO

GBO

FU

IGGI,

useless

will be

bestowed

all trouble

KO

wall

mud

ruined

trouble
But

to

"

ASE

However

"

oppressive

off that."

fan wards

22

;
O

YE

IGGI.

be

may

garnished, the

things made

upon

of wood

is

advantageous."
Jl

OTTI,

AGBA

EnNITI
"

The

owner

ti

fl
who

He

about
he

But

its

his

Enia

lassan

Enni

rere

the

not

mo

iwi

with

Yoruba
in any

broach

barrel

of

the

cask."

molle.

well

knows

how

to

talk

won
are

ju

igbe

ju

oju

as

are

potsherd."

po

Book
xv.

of

peculiaritiesof

lo.
as

dearer

some

are

than

to

an

word

in

the

second

in the first. Examples

found

Proverbs;

eye."
Scriptureproverbs

the

word
be

grass

as,

in

for

almost

every

instance,xi.

1.

G,20. xxi. 12. "c."c.

abounds
other.

to

common

us

style of
being antithetic
of the

or
licpiid,

re

ti

faults

good people

xiii. 3. xiv. 34.

than

it dares

of
forcibly
composition ; each

chapter

AGBA.

of

bo

own

of this character

The

IJI

last reminds

This

clause

them

covers

But

in

apadi

Ordinary people

"

KI

enni

another's

sees

WA

ETTU

his cask

with

Ari

"

AGBA

is sent

who

he

But

broach

may

powder

ARAN

JI

A
the

in the

syntheticparallelism
few examples will serve
to show
species.
more

(
Kl

SUSU

ADABA

KI

"

Kl

WI

Let
Let

bird

ko

woodpecker,

When

the master

baje;

ille

di

ahoro.

elders, the

no

are

illu

si,

ku,

there

dies,the

house

Bebbe

ki

ri

okose

Sagbe

ki

ri

awon.

is ruined

town

is desolate."
:

Beg

for

help, and

you

will meet

with

refusals

Ask

for

alms, and

you

will meet

with

misers."

this class

Under

which

with

studied

in which

the

similarityto

guage
explanation of the figurativelanfirst employed.
Thus,

AwA

li

iba

wa

bo

proverbs

the

the

Aji

find

often

we

clause, constructed

contains
first,

the

'

tell bird."

When

second

"

"

tell the

pigeon

Balle

"

JEDIEDIE,

EIYE.

FU

"

the white

Agba

"

FU

"

"

"

**

WI

"

KI

EIYE

23

KO

aba

ila

enni

MO

li

ti

atellewo,

6 ;

ko

"'
"

Aji

bo

wa

awa
We

wake,
We

do

not

We

do

Abere
Oran
^'

If

needle

bo
ba

who

lowo

it

is before

great matter

them

our

hand.

debt,
it."

di

ete;

ero.

it

leper'shand,

(to pick
If

di

of

palm

contracted

fall from

"

the

adette,

ille,

e.
"

made
old

an

"

je

on

who

know

not

o
"

know

wake, and find

We

tl

"

find marks

and

"

adasan,

enni

mo
"

"

owo

li

iba

ko

"

"

up)
the

sideration
requirescon-

council, it requiresdeep

thought."
AkI
AkI

IGBA

AKAKA

IGBA

lowo

ILLE

BABBA

AKITl

ENNI

LOWO
"

"

"

No-one
So

no-one

can

cure

can

monkey

deprive a

man

of

ENNI.
"

"

squatting;
of his birthright."

(
k6

AsTSORi
Otosi

24

ni

ikun

lowo

ko

pistolhas

"

poor

not

has

man

bore

not

oloro.

bi

"

"

aobX

bi

"

like

"

cannon;

his command

at

money

the

as

rich."
^Imado
Eru
'*

wild

jobba,

iba

eledde,

abilluje

enia

kun.

ko

pig,

would

the

ravage

made

slave

Elubo
se

As

the

elubo

So

the

slave

ogbodo
ni

"

nobody."

ille

babba

re.

"

"

once

was
was

spare

ri,

ommo

"

would

king
se

Eru
"

bi

boar, in the place of

town

And

se

iba

soft

once

child

twenty-sixth chapter of
aphorisms of this class,in which

unripe

yam,

in his father's house."

The

Proverbs
the

is

second

full

clause

of
plains
ex-

the first.
the introverted

Of

parallelismthe

followingis

cimen
spe-

"

Ibaje

Ibaje
Bi

apa

but

we

order
clauses

ja,

aballe.

injuryof a bag
Is (caused by) the injuryof
the pack-rope breaks.
The
bag will go down."
part, however, the Yoruba

the most

the

pack-rope ;

proverbs are

display this species of parallelism;

notice something similar to it in the inverted
may
in the two
of the
corresponding words
parallel

long enough

not

The

If

For

apa
ba

^\po
"

ni

apo

which

we

to

often meet

Eleke

Ohun

LI
ti

eke
aba

with
iye
se

; thus

;
ni

iye

'ni.

(
The

^'

is

world

Mankind
One

Ocean,

an

is the

(lagoon)Ossa,

swim, So

cannot

IW9

IBA

IWO

KO

:^"

to

as

the

cross

world."

Rl,
GBODDO

WI

I
-^

"

"

Nl
''

i. e.

strong

of his

not

speak ;

death

of the

must

is the

which
man

see,

may

You
It is that

AKONI.

I PA

You

perish for

may

of

want

being apprised

biribiri,

Okunkun

biribiri

Okunkun
"

darkness
the

ni

yio

;
igbo.

sette

The

forest is very

dark,

The

night is

dark

of the

very

night is deeper

the

than

Erin

ntu

ekuru,

Efon

ntu

ekuru:

ekuru

b6

ajannaku

ti

darkness

"

The

elephant

The

buffalo

of the

Ete

"

makes

iko

Mouth

that

of the

ete,

oran

ba

ereke.

keeping

to

mouth,

Lip keeping to lip,

Bring trouble to the jaws."
EwuRE

je,

Agutan
Aje

iWA

je,
ille

re
o

Ba

re

ille,
ille;

eledde

"

dust,

'nNU,

IMG
imo

"

"

dust

elephant Hides
EnNU

Ni

makes

molle.

efon
"

dust

forest."

titu

The

strong man."

danger.
Igbo

The

"

je.

buffalo."

of

(
"

Not

27

When

the

goat has fed, it

When

the

sheep has fed, it returns

after

returning home
the pig.

home,

returns

home

of

the character

feedingRuins

"

It is observable

the

concluding

others,and

line

these

The

foxes

And

the birds of the

have

have, however, examples

hath

"

Ada

ebo

fun

Ada

ebo

fun

Ada

ebo

fun

Sacrifices

were

Sacrifices

to

refused

to

cases,

li

Akalla,

li

eiyelle,

gbe

gunugun,

to the

head."*

disposition

all the

lines

last

is in

the

thus,
apposition";
kg

on
on

ru,

ru,

kg
ebo

grubo.

turkey-buzzard,But

it

vulture,But

it

them.

offer

the Akalla

them.

prescribedto

were

where

in

are

prescribed to

were

Sacrifices

others

offer

different

such

in

prescribed

refused

of

layhis

to

Yoruba,

triplestanza in the
parallel,although,even
two

nests.

where

not

of the

the

may

guage
Scripture lan-

which

air have

We

of Man

contrast, whilst

We

two.

holes.

the

are

of the

But

Son

length

part,

viii 20,

Matt,

as.

the
into

being divided
in
the triplets

frequentlyruns;
"

stanzas, for the most

double

is about

of

admits

with

compare

that in these

the

pigeon,And

it offered

them."

this,and

In
the

in
The

or

examples already given,

are

Yoruba
lines

to three

three

other

evidentlybi-membral,
Scripturepoetry.

lines

case

in several

lines

line ; for

stanzas, however,
:

there

are

Vide

Home's

"

is

not

constantly the

confined

or

to

two

in which
quatrains,
preceded by an odd

of

instances

followed
parallel,
example,
are

are

as

Introduction," Vol. II.

p. 508.

NiBO

LI
"

But

28

Eru

yio

esu

yio

mo,

esu

yio

lo

will eat,

The

locust

will drink,

The

locust

will go

away;
will the grasshopper hide

metta

isi

ki
OKAN
ani

Eketta
elders cannot

of
an

of

ipe

one

itself?"

EKULU,
ekulu,
ekulu.

ani

the word

all fail to pronounce

ekulu

ekiilu.

says

The

as

ekulu

PE

Ekeji

second

But

w6,

YIO

locust

where

If

ALATAMPOKO

Bl

Three

je,

The

Agba

"

say

may

ekulu.
ekulu."

will say

the third

of four,
find them
we
Occasionally
passingthe number
in the followingvery simple but reallypoetic stanza
seven

odd

lines,which,
line,and

\ve

observe,

may

three

itself into

divides

then

with

commences

strictly
parallellines,graduallyincreasingin
Bl

OJUMO

MO,

Olowo
Iranwu

agbe

IWONSO

When

gbe

"

Aji

OmMO

apata,

abere
"

^AgBE

"

kekke,

agbe

Ajagun

"

owo,

gee

"

TI

ON

TI

ARUKO,

aji

TI

APO

TI

ORON.
"

"

the

assa,

"

ODDE
"

couplets,
length :

"

"

day dawns,
his money.

takes

The

trader

The

spinner takes

her

spindle,

The

warrior

takes

his

shield,

The

weaver

takes

his

batten,

The

farmer

wakes, himself and

The

hunter

wakes

with

his

his hoe,

quiver and

his bow."

(
above

The

the

amongst
other

of

of nations.

point,I

will

sufficient

to

proverbs

to

seem

Yoruba

the

poetry

this

longer on

would

remarks

claim

the

29

notice

to

place

without

But

proceed

tiate
substan-

dwellino;
two

or

one

features.

distinctive

might expect in a nation yet

in its infancy,and scarcely risingout of barbarism
that
often lies in the fact of
the point of the proverb very
words
two
having a very similar sound, with a wholly
different sense, making the proverb in such cases,
a
play
One

what

is

"

indeed

we

"

the

upon

OjO

Yoruba

the

amongst

NI

BATA

AJALUBATA,

rain

to

BATTA

IGGI,

quote

b'aTA

BATTA

of this

instances

numerous

adages :

B'ATA

BATTA

pa

have

We

word.

LI

few

"

APATTA

ORI

ODE

LT

AWO.

LI

batta

the

ter,
(shoes)goes patter,patter,patthe apatta (rock): in the street of the ajalubata
as
on
(head drummer), the bata (drum) is wood, the batta
(shoes)are skin."
is designed as a play on the word
This sentence
apatta,
of b and
t sounds.
containinga frequentrepetition
obvious; as,
But there are others whose
meaning is more
The

bo

of

hand

the

adette,

lowo

leper, he

One

ete.

DI

who

di

ete

di

pick it up, because his hand

is
The
play in this sentence
o

If

"

Abere
from

on

needle

falls

requires consideration" to
is mutilated
by the disease.
in

words,

the

is

ette,

"

and

adette,

leprous,must

di

come
be-

ete,

thoughtful.
Igun
lance

ti

is not

resemblance

k6

mi

ogun

like

three

the

between

gives a peculiar liveliness

Bi
the
"

"

with

piercing me
to

the

apa

wounds"

tree

DA

oRi

KAN

APA,

it
insolently,
is the

same

as

APA

wounds
the

name

Here

thorn."

words

ogun,

igun,

the
egun,

expression.
"

OMMO

with

Piercing me

"

egun

ti

jo

"

him."

If

child

The

of the tree.

word

trcats
apa

(
Ague

Ore

Agbe

did in Olfa

word

denoting

He

is said

the

Yorubas.
Iraje

apa.

injury of

"The

"

injury of

the

The

loss.

is become
;" lit.,

the

pack-rope." Xpo

the

is

bag
and

apa

similar.

are

Baba
matter

bo

baba

out

of

Bl

into
ALAGBATA

"

sight."

ALAPATA

When

"

molle

the

by
""

been

ibaje

which

good

The

"

egbe"

egbe',similar in sound to Agbe.

noted
a
philanthropistamong

is

loss

ni

apo

di

is wasted

have

to

(caused by)

Offa

li

se

30

great
and

Baba

matter

puts

guished
distin-

only

are

baba

small

accent.

BA

animal,

kills the

of

more

but the

examples

above

given

are

LI

AJAN

retailers

cut

it

and

alapata

might

character

similar

the

between

resemblance
pieces." The
obvious.
is Sufficiently

Multitudes

ABU

ALAGBATA

ERAN,AWON

PA

butcher

the

enough
figure of

be

lected,
colshow

to

rhetoric
to the
tendency of the Yorubas
commonly called paronomasia ; in which characteristic
again,as in the parallelismalready described, there is a
and
striking similarityto the poetry of the Hebrews
the

other

nations.*

oriental

I must

omit

not

Yoruba

to

mention,

proverbs,that

observable

in

them

and
connexion
of the

with

universe

comment

on
"

hearts, their

which

the

the

conscience

Vide

Home's

the

''

moral

presents us

of the

work

real

in

government
with

concerning
law

value

written

lively

the

tiles,
Gen-

in their

bearing witness, and their

accusing or else excusing one

also

thouglitsthe meanwhile
another."
(Rom. ii. 1.5.)
*

it

add,

of St. Paul

words

show

as

light
terestin
peculiarlyin-

them

renders

inasmuch

of moral

degree

gives them, I may

the inquiry into
;

which

is

there

of the

in this brief account

These

proverbs,in

Introduction," Vol. II. p.

292.

many

in-

display ideas concerning

stances

of

rectitude

moral

the

virtues, which

expected

to

(to say
find in

influences, direct

the
God
of

Casalis,with

my

opinion even

bas.

Dieu

"

le

Sous

confie

bon

providence of God,
practice of

the

or

should
hardly
least)we
people so wholly separated
or

from

The

words

of Himself
the

to

conscience

la direction

et

have

which

to

man.

proverbs,are

Sisuto

those

of the

de

qu'iln'est
entre

mauvais,

moralement

intelligente.

creature

discerner

sache

Yoru-

universelle,a laquelle

toute

la la certitude

in

d'observer

rapport moral, il est interessant

cette

social

indirect,of that revelation

applicableto

more

Nousacquerons par
la terre
sur
qui ne
ralement

the

the

reference

vestigesde
a

actions,

make

pleased to

was

les

31

et

pas d'homme

qui est moquent

qui par consece

condamnation
la
susceptible d'encourir
des lois divines."*
la transgression
attachee
Amongst
a
that exwith
his list of Sisuto proverbs we
meet
some
press
La
moral
sentiment
trappe
a
; as, for example,
Le
prend le grand oiseau aussi bien que le petit;"t
est pesant, il empeche celui qui I'a repandu
sang humain
meurtrier
de fuir ;"
Le
dit,Je n'ai tue qu'une bete,
mais I'animal
sans
poil (I'homme) ne peritpas sans etre
est
L'homme
une
;"
aiguillea deux
trompeur
venge
strikingin the
pointes."]: But there is something more
in the sayings of
of morality observable
high standard
the Yorubas, displaying as it does a conscious
tion
recogniof those
of the intrinsic excellence
peculiarvirtues
which
we
commonly regard as being appreciatedonly in
this people by
to
civilized society. Were
measure
we
soit

ne

"

"

"

"

the standard
to

the

of their

conclusion

"

that

'Etudes

should

proverbialmorality,we
they
sur

t Ibid. p. 87.

I Ibid. p. 89.

la

had

attained

lang. Sech."

Part

no

come

inconside-

III. p. 84.

(
rable height in the

passed

lives for

individual

which

being, in

is

another

on

of social

virtues

the

the

into

alone,

higher

mutual

as

of moral

sort

few

member

the

exercise

and

man

to
owes
duty which man
man,
acknowledged in the brief sentence,

"

The
which

se

excellence
are

to

in such

of the

ara

tinctly
dis-

are

re.

of

existence

sin of
pe

eke

virtues

"

dently
society,is evidemnatory
following,con-

the

as

lying.
ko

long, but

of those

one

as

proverbs

yio

ni

be very

may

the

antithetic

Pipe
time

ibaje

se

of truthfulness

essential

implied

The

enia,

and

injuresanother, injureshimself"

who

He

ibaje

explain

man,

consequent

of

state

one

will suffice to

between

every

for the safeguard

compact

instances

relation

mutual

Enniti

"

in which

dependence of
for
recognised,giving room
the

society. A
meaning.
Thus

ing
relations,hav-

barbarism,

savage

himself

of

my

of social

developement

of that

out

32

mu

ra.

lie will be

detected

at last."

Dr.

Krapf, in

unable

was

in

to

his laborious

find

researches

the

expressing the

word

any

on

east

idea

coast,
of gratitude

the

tribes,a fact
language of all the Suaheli
significant
enough as to the total absence of the moral
Amongst the Yorubas, on
feelingdenoted
by that name.
the contrary, not only is the word
to give thanks,"
dupe,
but
of constant
word
and daily occurrence,
a
they have
proverbs relatingto ingratitudesufficient to show that,
in theory at least,its turpitude is acknowledged to the
'^

full.

"

He

Thus

to whom

they

say,

Enniti

ase

Aba

se

kindness

thanks,

li
ni

ore,

ibi,

is

ko

ti
don

shown,

kg

dupe

o.

and

he

does

not

turn
re-

(
Another
which

remarkable
notice

we

the

respect of persons
Tl)is

lookingon
to

the

be mentioned,
in
proverb may
same
implied reproof of a partial
often
which
find in Scripso
we
ture.

proverb

erection

be

not

long enough

the

Bl

OTOSI

EKKE

If the poor

"

We
the
in

the

chapter

words,

of

ORO,

his w^ords

LI

reach

not

moral

from

which

"

LI

DON

LI

animal

the

are

accustomed

rous
genefarthest

the

gratification

NBA

ORE

JE

EFO

to

view

TI

ILLE

ENNI

the untutored

one

who

utterly disregards the

Yet

even

amongst

expressions which

Yorubas

more

TO

friend's
entertainment,
partake of our
is pleasant,not because
we
(friendship)
house."
enough (toeat) in our own

We

We

of

love

mere

the savage

marks

DiDON

that

than
spised,
is de-

wisdom

proof that
following is an evident
capable of appreciating the higher and
of refined society,
such as are
sentiments

removed

given

is better

The
are

is

in

heard."

not

are

top in the

the

strikingparable

man's

poor

ALLE.

evening."

I, Wisdom

the

verb
pro-

of that

manner

ATO

of the

said

strength ; nevertheless,
and

history the

This

Ecclesiastes,whose

Then

"

purpose

length : his advice is at

but eventuallyadopted

it in the

it will reach

forciblyreminded

are

ninth

LI

OKE

is discovered

plan of splicing

brief sententious

rafter does

man's

morning,

its

man

poor

rafter

the

plans.

TO

KO

for its intended

he is poor,

gives,in the usual

of composition,

class

house:

increase

of all other

failure

of

case

to recommend

ventures

together,to
first despised,because
on

of

the

rafters

two

the

supposes

at

man

poor

34

the wild
show

Basuto

that

they

are

are

IJE.

because
have

barbarian

life of his
there

NI

not

as

fellow-man.

proverbial

conscious

of

its

(
value

this remarkable

have

SUGBON

which

show

formed

in

how

like

the

manner

Yo-

ADIYELE,

I YE

in

EJJE

ARA

its

ARA

price.
blood

price upon

ENNI.

;"

every

apply

may

the

Holy Writ,

by

power

and

things

the

Godhead

"

claratio
unqualifiedde-

the

invisible

the

that

are

made,

so

that

they

things

clearly

are

have

attributes

and

character

world

of the

creation

understood

that

Yorubas

the

Being, thereby proving

proverbs

those

to

estimate

an

respects of

Divine

the

MO

correct

some

of
from

LI

observation

same

which

les

of Christ.

blood

of the

the

preach

to

The

look

secretement,

point of view, especially

from
it as a self-suppliedtext
upon
Gospel of redemption by the precious

saying

we

is

tue

another

"

set

can

no-one

remarkable
when

noticed

saying

Every thing has

"

But

In

GBOGBO

ENNITI

SI

KO

et6

ie diront."*

OhUN

already

homme

un

paillesdes champs
rubas

been

have

effect,"Si

this

to

such

two

35

being

seen,

His

even
are

of Him

nal
eter-

without

ex-

cuse.f"
they have

That

and

following
as

same

God's
Bl

for all His

care

very

beautiful

of the

that

idea

true

creatures,

is evident

proverb, whose

English adage,

"

Man's

dence,
provifrom

the

import is the
extremity is

opportunity."
KUN

ONl,

KUN

OLLA,

KI

OGBE

Agilitiwill die to-day

water), rain will surely come."

"

watchful

of God's

If the

Vide

t Horn.

"

'Etudes
i. 20.

sur

la

KI

or

AGILITI,

PA

to-morrow

lang. Secb."

p. 8!'.

OJO

(forwant

ARO.

of

(
The
said

Agilitiis
live for

to

There

is

such

of God,

of

that it
O

"

Leave

very

FI

of the
time

long
to

chiefs

present

lesson

another, said

of the

one

animal

an

"""

of

IJA

not

to

the

be

battle to God, and

the

which

conveys

guiding providence

omitted

here

FOWOLE

JA,

of

saying

favourite

very

on

OlORUN

FUN

water.

Abbeokuta,

dependence

ought

without

be

is

tribe,which

guana

rest

"

ERAN.

head

your

upon

your

hand."
But

only

not

with

fact

the

do

tlieythus

that

as

applying

too,

as

they

viewed

least,it

service

is difUcult

proverb

that

as

The

(i.e.

ar9

in the

give any
following

the

circumstances

relation
and

that,

conclusion

the

us

upon

to

that

lightof a privilege. At
other explanation of such

"

Arc
"

and

force

to

relation

farther

times

all

to

almost

as

so

providence superintends all

that
is dependent on
that man

speak of man's
servant, evidentlyregarding that

His

God

acquaintance

God's

things upon earth, and

overruling power;
they
to

their

prove

orisa.

idena

with

man

ni

withered

is the

limb)

ter
por-

(at the gate) of the gods."

I understand
cannot

he

is still God's

it
be

as

if

denoting that

engaged
servant,

in the

and

through

man

active

service

fulfil his

may

firmity
in-

of God,

obligations

passively.

Surely
of moral
that

these

truths, and

in closeness

in shrewd

indications

are

of

sufficient

The

to

no

ordinary perception
the

warrant

inference,

observation, in depth of thought, and

the
intelligence,

ordinary man.

of

Yoruban

existence

of

is

ov

tvx^ov

proverbs

such

dvr}p
"

as

no

these

(
amongst

with

pregnant
and

may

in all

interest

of the

sympathies
the

an

see

now

little w^ay

of that

people, which

notice

as

the

butt

slave-trade, and
dive

now

the

and

in the

chains

of

fain have

great interest

people,

civilized

attach

must

for

now

in the

world,

foreign
the

of

and

estimating

the

him

in
rendering intelligible,

ideas

of

another, wholly diverse

of

inquiry
nature

philologistthis

inquiries which

of those
to
;

in which

merely point
language

forth

set

out

; tlius

I
the

in

these

profess to

furnished

to

the

of
the

of the most

one

and

has

undertaken,

attends

the

upon

language, the

new

alien.

presents
it

field

new

suggests

few
have

way,

done

no

more

features

trust, in

some

of

The

have

introductory

principal distinctive

preparing

Surely

deeply interestingcharacter.

most

work

like

mind

he

which

of

the

it.

long acquaintance with

capable of appreciating

task

To

wholly
the

by

which
difficulty

the

thou

of old

flee before

us,

Da-

bound

monarch

first time

work

shalt

insightinto

an

before

work

of the

importance

to

army

can

the

fain have

the Persian

to

renders

civilization

would

our

we

which

to

We

expiring

efforts:

mind,

he

them, whose

amongst
intelligent

those

the

fettered,risingup

forcinghis proud

flood, and

be

to

by

feelings

before

cried,Hitherto

which

and

thoughts

of
of

sea

the

already directed

effol-ts of

last

slavery,like

refused

which

the

may

whom

prominently

come

that

farther

no

the

repeller

little into

come,

such

of

tyrant would

homian

but

has

and

politicalhistory.

recent

into

fact

theologian

towards

been

have

the

advantage

nation

is

are,

which

on

with

in

of their

exciting events

can

dwell

public

Yorubans

the

as

thoughts

many

moralist

the

awaken

situated

people

37

deavoured
en-

vations
obserthan
of the
little

for

measure,

ban

in

future

connexion
with

African

other

Hamitic

of

surveys

shall

Yoru-

when

dialects,

philology

the

our

become

have

enlarged.

more

Mean

time

the

recommend

to

those

Egypt"

and

speak
of

already

work

day,

in

when

but

in

all

the

language

villages,
the

of

Canaan,

Hosts."*

Isa.

xix.

18.

long

cities"
not

of

tribes

who

and

"

that

in

for

the

of
the
but

only,
land

of

continent,

dark
and

sufficient

perusal

the

to

"five

not

and

towns

Africa,

be

will

given

accompanying
interest

an

that

only,

shall

Lord

feel
of

cities

all

remarks

the

who

coming

"

extended

more

with

acquaintance

38

swear

to

the

VOCABULARY

OF

YORUEA

THE

LA^^GUAGE,

"c.

"c.

The

vowels,

five

Italian,as lieard

There

words

in the

also

are

e, a sound

closelyto

and

vowels

of bat
the

from

ear

dipthongs

two

"

bait, hardly distinguishable

and

sound

latter

English interogativeaye?

tlie

usually termed

"

the sounds

English

an

sounds

represent the

ti,

modified

two

between

by

i, o,

e,

a,

approximating

or

the

German

a,

Vdter.
sound

between

ai, nearly equivalent

the consonants

Among
is

it is

always hard,

bought,

a.

mile.

English /, in

has

always

P^ip

the

"

in

to

necessary

that

notice

"

join,

its distinct

hard

only

in gate,

as

j is always soft,as
h

by

laiv, water,

in voice.

oi, as

the

to

in

heard

as

o,

Swedish

in

represented

not;

and

sound,

sound,

as

which

to

an

aspirate.

gb

is the

as

in

soft correlative.

s=:sh.

the

Of
the

cases

long syllable,e.

The
e.

(') and

acute

rise

of the

g.

Q)

grave

accents

voice

contraction, which

from

dabobo,

fall of the

or

English, merely

to

mark

particularsyllable.

on

usually indicates

circumflex
a

employed,

are

none

laid

be

to

stress

The

i.

accents,

are

in all

da-abo-bo.

simply

often, as

"

is also

of intonation

marks

in the

Chinese

"

language,

affectingthe signification.

Words
whose

not

word

is

merely

divided

When

there

word;
needs

e.g.

by

hyphen

uncompounded

are

roots,

or

words

is uncertain.

etymology

When
is

divided

compounded

by

is such
Iforiballe

elucidation,

e.

g.

hyphen
a

without
into

any

change

its component

change, an analysis is
of
(fi-ori-ba-ille)
; or

asennu-enni

(se-ennu

of the

simple, it

parts.
added

the

).

of the

whole

syllable which

ABA

community assemble, but find no sacrifice

againstmortification."
tor,
calumnias. a despiser,
Abanije, Obanije, (Ba-enia-je),
a slanderer.
Obaniaje obaara re je, "He who
despisesanother despiseshimself."
whole

"

Abanije,

ba ni

nijema

who

He

"

'

partakes of the same

ifa enia,enniti o jedidon

se

his friend's

shares

hand

move

he

who

one

s.

who

to

ni

in

his

sweet

should

Aba-

"

ijekikan,

but
prosperity,

help him

the

eats

dish.

does

not

work, is selfish ; for

be

ready

to

eat

the

bitter."

se),s.

/^Abanise

"

Abanise

"

help

ma

si

fellow-worker.
a
helper,coadjutor,
banise m9,
would
A helper who
"

more."

no

^Abanigbele

inmate.
s. an
( gbe-ille),
as
Abanigbele ma
personified
"

Fire

"

which

inmate

"An

casual
/^Aba-pade,
s.
ti ari

ohun

is proverbially

oju enni,"

mo

be tamed."

cannot
occurrence.

Ohun

"

telle," An accident

is not

abapade ko J9
like an expected

result."

Abara,
Abata,

Aba.

see
s.

park ;

an

place

open

in

the

front

of the

palace.
/- Abata, s.

marsh

in

plain,a pool.
"

^Abata

takete

bi

ennipe ko ba odo tan, A pond appears like a selfsupportedbody of water, whereas it is dependent on
unseen
springsor drainage:" appliedto persons who
not.
to be what they are
seem
^^Aba-ti, s. the missingof a thing,insecure holding,not
stickingfast to. "Abati alapa,aba a ti aba a re, "A
wall appears
ready to fall ; we cannot throw it down ;
A common
seek its shelter."
we
proverbialsaying.
"

"

^^

Aba-w^on,
ire,

"

Abba,

s.

s.

white

cloth and

incubation.

sitting."
2

stain, a blot.

"

Adire

"

Aso
stain
nsun

funfun
never

on

abawon

ki

agree."

abba, "The

hen

is

ABA

Abba,
Abba,

stack,rick,pileof

s.

5.

an

fast

iron hook

on

block

which

by

of

Abba

"

bikose enniti
but

Abbe,

they
s.

abe

li

wo

for

good

the lower

ko

buburu,"The

nse

are

platform,store.
feet are
made
prisoners'
on

wood, the stocks;

padlock is hung.

corn

abbe,

ikan

se

stocks

ni li esse,

mo

pleasant,

not

are

which

on

rogue."

part,beneath.
If

"

hook

Bi

"

be

matter

ba

oran

okunkun

sii

dark, dive

to the

bottom."
Abbelle

(Abbe-ille),
adj.private,secret.

fe ki enia
wished

ki

to be

Abbeya, Abbiya
Abe,

s.

s.

pleader.
"

oru

ba

the

abbelle, What

cool

Abebbe

off death

not

armpit.
abe

imu,

themselves

"

Wrapping
gentlemen
advocate,a

; an

iku, abebbe

ni ibe

is

in secret."

Didi niimu

"

abebbe

mu

wards

is done

iya),s.

"

stir the air and

to

:,

li

ase

ti ako

"

its sharpness."
preserves
fan made
of hide,used by African

razor

Abebbe,

known

lancet.

razor,

up

li

omo

Ohun

"

ni ibe oran,

bi

pleaderwith the gods

pleaderwith the judge wards off

ni ibe e, "A
a

punishment ; a fan wards off the heat when

sultry."
incessant solicitation.
A-be-i-yannu, s. importunity,
mbe
abeiyannuyi9 ri ohun ti nfe gba lowo
He who begs with importunitywill get
ware,
"

"

it is

niti
Enolu-

what

he wants."
Abekuluje-odan
neck

and

ekulu,

white bird, with long

s.
a
(Ba-ekulu),
generallyaccompanies the
legs, which

speciesof

Ab-ennu-gbagba,
^^Abere,

s.

path

s.

the deer.
of loose trousers.

kind

needle, pin. Ipa abere

"

of the needle

which

the

li okun

thread

It is the

ito,"

is accustomed

to

follow."

Abese,

s.

good-for-nothing
person.
used

"

You
3

to

inferiors

abuse

fellow."
good-for-nothing
B

"

This
; as,

word
I wo

quently
is fre-

abese

yi,

ABE

/
Ahetelle

Abetelle

"

ni ifoiu onidaio
bribe

idajo otito,"A
bribes

Abetu,

s.

judge'seyes;

the

s.

the

Abi-ku, s.

with

woman

breed

mixed

of
spirit

children

or

rivulet.

infant.

an

of

who

die in

who

die under

town, being sometimes

small

largeand

children

Abiku,

called

old, are

"

abehin
a

for

having a young child,a parent.

dressing
in adused
jija;a playful name

woman

Abiamo

Abiga,

blinds

speak the truth."

brook, running water,

ki ile ise

nitori abetelle

never

s.

Abiamo,

hand, a bribe.

before

5. a begging
te-ille),

"

and

are

ten

infancy.
twelve

or

buried

never

thrown

even

horse.

away

fants,
In-

years
in the

bush,

in the

punishment.They are supposed to have had evil

for their companions,who
have enticed them
spirits
dren
The evil spirits
are
supposedto punishthe chilaway.
w^ith cruel whippings,if they do not give them
If a child
the thingswhich
they requireof them.
affirmed to be
are
thin,his companion spirits
grows
taking away his food from him ; hence, to appease
sacrifices are resorted to ; and to frighten
these spirits,
the spirits
are
hung about the child,
away, charms
of
and iron rings are
put on his feet,the jingling
which
is supposed to drive the spirit
far away.
as

last born,

Abi-keiiin, adj.younger,

varied
Abila, adj.striped,
abila

gbogbo

li

li

in

colour, checkered.

oruko,

Each

"

coloured

"

Aso

cloth has

its name."
s. a
(Ille-oko),

Abilleko

with

married

Abino-ku-enni,

s.

calumniator.

"

malicious

Enniti

person, a
fe oran
enni

ko

"

kuenni,

"

He

who

"

does

not

"

love

ki
4

living

an

infirm

his

persecutor,a
ni ise abino"

"

neighbouracts
'^

ly^ maliciously."
s.

is

husband.

"^

Abiron,

who

woman

person,

ri aki irerin abiron,

person.^" Bi o ti wCi
ti o se e loni. ase
ohun

sick

boya

ABO

iw9 lolla, A

sick person

"

because

what

happens

should
him

to

be

never

laughed at,
happen to

to-day may

to-morrow."

you

coming back, cessation. Oku

abo, salutation on one's returning. Ayun abo mi, o
di emeffa loni, My goings and returningsare six."
I have travelled the road six times to-day." Ko

Abo,

s.

returning,a

"

"

"

"

"

dekun

Abo,

ko

dabo,

"

It does

half,moiety. Emi

s.

'o li abo

je fun

ko

"

cease."

not

ottotto," I will not give you

half

isu bikose

but

yam,

whole

one."

musquito,also called yamto all little stinging

flies.
common
yam, a name
Aboggibope
s. a heathen, an
idolater,lit.a
(Bo-iggi-ope),
worshipperof wood and palm.
fed for the slaughter.
Abo-pa, adj.fatted,
Aborisa
s. a worshipper of false gods,
idolater,
(Bo-orisa),
the same
as
indiscriminately
Aboggibope, a name
given to all idolaters.
^Abose
done by a person
in his own
s. work
(Abo-ise),
farm
after his master's
work
is done, job work.
Abogan, Ab-owo-gan,

s.

the

"

Abose

Job-work

"

the

babba

ise ise oio, ise

ki

master's

work

igba ojo enni,

chief business

the

is not

ni

has

;
(ofa servant)
his
claim
on
(first)

the

time."
the
s.
(Ba-osse-je),

Abosseje

violator

of sacred

time,

sabbath-breaker.

Abo,

s.

which

tree

custard-

bears

apple, from

fruit like the

the

stick

sweet-sop, or

of which

natives

the

produce fire by friction.

Abo, s. a bag to keep clothes in. Bi asp pe li abo a hu,
If clothes remain
long in the bag they rot."
Abo, adj.female of beasts,also applied to infants ; as
female?"
Never
Abo mbi ako 1 "Male
or
appliedto
Abo-ewure,
Abo-agutan,anewe
persons.
grown-up
"

"

"

"

she-goat Abo-esin,
"

mare

"

Abo-eledde,

cow

"

ABO

Abo-galla,adoe
a

Abo,
^

cow

Abo-kenniu, a lioness
Abo-ri,a female lizard,"c. "c.

"

"

Abo-malu,

"

refuge,shelter.

s.

Abojuwo,

Ibojuwo

after.

Iwo

"

You

"

rere,

well

s.

ndi

bundle

abo

oka

iti

owo

absence

the master's

superintendin

see

the house."

to

^Abo-oka,

ing
looka
s. superintendence,
(Ba-oju),
ni nse abojuwo lehin babba, toju ille

of

ino

iwa,

"

"

re

He

because

guinea-corn. Nigbatiagbe ba
adon, nipa abo oka ni yangidi
bundles
up
of corn
bundles
come

who

from

of

ties

corn

joices,
re-

bundles

of

money."
^'

Abu-

short

s. a

A,

words.

cut

Enniti

"

of another's
place,anticipation

ba

"

abuja eke,

to

"

He

idi

mo

"

who

telle

oran

"

"

"

knows

ni ibu

on

"

beforehand

matter

founds
con-

the liar."

Abuja-onna, s.
Abu-ka, s. the
abuka

lane,a

of

act

ari eranko

the animals

"

"

re

pa,

road.

or

encompassing.
ino

in it

street

cross

bu

Bi aba

If a bush

igbe li

is surrounded,

easilykilled."
A ki isipeinaro fu abuke, "A
Abuke, s. a hunchback.
hunchback
is never
asked to stand upright.
Abu-kon, s. an addition to, a blessing.
disgrace,
contempt.
^^,Abu-kun, 5. a remainder,a deficiency,
are

"

Chun

"

ti ise
"

ennikejienni,
done

Abula,
/

towards
s.

Abu-le,
Abule

ohun

abukun

ki

se

ama

si

"

"

"

act

contemptuous

cm

mo

"

should

"

be

never

fellow-man."

adulteration.

s. a

patch,a piece sewed

ni imu

aso

to

on

ilo to, enniti ko ba

cover
se

hole.

itoiu abule

"

yio

"Patchingmakes clothes wear long,

and he who does not care
to patchwill lose his clothes."
exaggeration.
Abu-mo, s. a piece put to, additional,
Abu-ran-owu, s. cotton carded and prepared to be spun.
Aburo
(A-bi-iro),a6^'.
erect, upright. Filla pupa aburo,
A cap standingerect."
se

ara

re

liofo aso,

"

"

ABU
"

relative.

Abu-ro,s. a younger
"

The

teach

cannot

young
a bush

Aburo

"

ki

ipaegbon ni\tan,

traditions

the elders."

to

adjoiningthe town spared for its shelter.

of one's own
Abuso
invention.
s. falsehood
(Ru-iso),
handle^ mostly used by
Ada, s. billhook with wooden

Abu-si, s.

farmers.
^

Adaba, Ataba,
ko

with

to

^Adaba

"

is

kekeluke

for its circulation

*^DABA-susu,

speciesof white

s. a

is

cowry

current

oja ti

the dove

traded."

not

as

si

ko

in which

market

no

prominent breast has

expressionby which

the

dove

There

"

tan,

na

dove.

s.

verbial
pro-

compared

money.

pigeon.
"

Ki adaba

susu

ki eiye ki owi fu eiye, Let the

jedi'edie,
be spread abroad," lit. Let
the pigeon tell
matter
the woodpecker, (?)and bird tell bird."
Adabo-boni
(Da-abo),s. a defender,a succourer.
fu

ki owi

"

"

Ada-bo-oja, s.

the

(Bo-owo),5.

Ada-bowo

market, the second

small

one's self.

ti

Bia

"

ran

taking responsibility
upon

'ni ni ise li aie

"

si ise

adab9wo

deliver it

so

with

ara

re,

if you

day'smarket.

**

vary

As

"

bi iwo

"

"

is

ba seni
"

givento you,

message
it,the consequences

will rest

you."

Ada-do, Erekusu, s. an island.

Ada-gun, s. a lake, a pool or pond.
Ada-gunle-apo
Eb7ri, 5.
(Ada-gun-ille),

large quiver,

generallyplaced in the ground in battle,from which

the soldiers are
suppliedwith arrows.
Ada-ji, Ada-jiwa, 5. the time of the second cock-crowing.
Adajo
5. a judge,an
umpire, one who decides
(Da-ejo),
matters.

Adakadeke,

s.

Ada-ma-le-se,
Ada-mo,

s.

Ada-moran,
^

Adan,
7

s.

s.

mischievous
one

unable

person,
to

liar.

perform what

takes.
he under-

mistaken

view, heresy.
counseller, a suggester.

5. a

bat.

"

Adan

dorikodo

nwo

ise

eiye gbogbo,

'
-

^3

ADA

bat

"The

watches

but
suspends itself,

the

other

birds."
Adaniduro

s. a detainer.
(A-da-enia-duro),
( laga),s. he who wearies one,

Adanilaga

nate
importu-

an

"

person.
Adanilara

who mortifies,
or
s. one
( lara),
disappoints
;
does
a thingto vex
designedlyor purposely
"

who

one

another.
Adanilaraya

ya),s.

"

another.

who

one

enlivens

Bi opo enia ba kuro

li
ni ifo ni jojo,
"Though many

egbe

"

he

only who
Adanilekkun
(

enlivens

the

cheers

up
ofo raya
adanila-

guests

absent,

are

party is missed."

s.
li-ekkun),

"

or

forbids,a prohi-

who

one

bitor.

Adaniloju
ko

ifiehin

se

ti, He

to be
(

Adaniloro
ko

(
"

ni,

"

"

trusted."

oro),s.

He

who

"

disappoints.Adaniloju
another is unworthy
disappoints

who

s. one
li-oju),

"

who

tormentor.

fi agbara
him

(only)teaches

another

torments

strengthenhimself."
Adaniniji
s. one
( ni-ji),

Adaniloro

"

to

"

who

one

[^ Ada-pe,

s.

the

contraction

ki ii'eki

ore

conceals

raises

alarms
or
frightens
sudden
expectation.

who

of words

names.

Adape

"

of words

oruko, "Contraction

itumo

amo

or

ther;
ano-

the sense."

ni isette ejo,
forgives.Adarijini
He who
ends the dispute."
forgives
lizard, so called
Adaripon, ( ori-pon)s. the male
because
of its yellow head.

I Ada-ri-ji-ni,s.

who

one

"

"

"

Ada-ru-da-po, adj.indiscriminate.
Ada-san, s. an old debt incurred by
Aii bo

"

wa

iba li aba ila li atellewo,awa

ti o ko o, ajibo
ti o je e, " We
have

wa

iba li
wake

not

know

who

adasan,

owo

and

marks
consciousness)
do

we

distant relative.

some

find
on

made

(we

the
the

awa

find

palm
marks

ko

mo

enni

ko

mo

enni

soon

as

of, our
:

we

as

we

hand:
wake

ADI

thingdried over
prepared by warriors for

Adin-gbe,
corn

s.

any

fire,such

their

as

or

marauding expeditions.

vessel
s. a pierced-bottomed
(Lokiti-aro),

Adiro

meat

used

for

straining.
distant relative.

s. a
(Da-itan-mo),

Aditanmo

ti

esuo

li ekulu

li

bi

with
seeking relationship
of

born

was

Adi-gba-ro,

s.

s.

who

one

medicines, as

"The

deer, says his mother

deaf person.
remains

in

grape shot.
small-sized calabash,
used

Adiri,s.
Ado, s. a
Ado,

the

on,

Aditanmp
antelope

deer."

s. a
(Di-eti),

Aditi

iya

"

standingposture.

for

keeping powdered

vial.

adulterer,a whore.

an

and ten.
(Ewa-di-effa),
adj.one hundred
s. one
Adogunsille, Adottesille
(Da-ogun-si-ille),

Adoffa

creates

war,

disturbance,or

who

revolution.

(Ewa-di-oje),
adj.one hundred and thirty.
Adorin
The
( orin),adj.seventy. Adorin eso,
venty
seprincipalor head guards of the country."
Adorun
( orun),adj.ninety.
Adotta (Ewa-di-otta),
adj.fifty.
Adottesille
s.
a
(Da-ottesi-ille),
an
revolutionist,
gressor,
agAdoje

"

"

"

"

Adottotta

person.

in
(Ewa-di-otta-9tta),
adj.by fifty,
fifty

Adossan

mischievous

"

ossan),
adj.one

who

hundred

and

pany.
com-

seventy.

is very

black,jetblack.
few.
Adu enia ki o wa
Adu, adj.small,little,
nibe, Not
a few
people live there."
sweetness
Adun, Adon, fiavour,fragrance,
; grace, beauty,
Adura, Adua, prayer, supplication.
Adugbo-lu, Idugbolu, s. a stumbling-block,
an
object
Adu,

one

"

"

stumbled
Afaimo
10

by falling
upon it on a sudden.
adv. not unlikely,
not impossible.
(Fi-aimo),
at

AFA

from
bridge; two sticks rubbed together,
fire is produced by friction.
Afara, s. slowness, sluggishness.
Afara
s. the honeycomb.
oyin,

Afara,

9. a

Afe,

s.

kind

Afe-imojo,

s.

of white-bellied rats.
animal

an

of the rat

by the king of
generallyholds the

kind, the tail of which

is used

Yoruba

he

tail before his mouth

abroad.

walks

"

Obba

as

si iruke,

"

the

which

"

tail;" /.e. from

"

his

"

signof royalty:

The

"

Enni

ti

o
"

Afe-ju,

off

pa afeWhoever

re
imojo,ki omu
Qyo, eda li ara oko ije,
kills afe-imojo
take it to Oyo ; eda only is
must
to the people of the provinceto eat."
A-fe, s. pleasure,
pride.
A-fe-fe, s. wind, breeze, gale.

Afehinti,

he

king takes

"

mouth.

when

due

support, prop.

s.

who

distorts his face,especially

in

working.
Afemojumo
dawn.
s. morning,twilight,
(fe-mo-ojumo),
be driven away
Afe-no, s. chaff, that which
may
by the
fan.
Afeno
ni ti lyangbo, Chaff is to be fanned
s. one

"

"

away."
Afere,

s.

very

like the cork

lightwood,

betrothed
s. a
(fe-si-onna),

Afesonna

Afe-tan,

wood.

person.

perfectlove.

s.

ki

yio duro afibi o

ba yara,
I will not wait unless he is quick."
Afibipore
who
s. an
ungrateful
(fi-ibi-pe-ore),
person, one
evil for good.
returns
Afi-han, Ifihan, s. the act of shewing,an exhibition.
Afi-ji,Ifiji,s. remission, forgiveness.
Afin, s. the king'spalace. From this is derived Alawofin,
contracted Alafin, He who enters the palace,"
Afi, Afibi, conj.unless, except.
"

Emi

"

"

"

Afin,

s.

an

albino.

Afingba

s. one
(fin-igba),

Afin-ju,

s.

Afinosajere,

11

decent

clean

who

cuts

figureson

calabashes.

person, cleanliness,neatness.
."'.
AFIN9S0DE (fi-ino-se-ajere),

Afinosehin,
c

AFI

unfaithful,treaclierous

an

hin

ikoko,

se

words) in
back

Afirese

An

"

(which

instead

afeAfinosajere

"

(receivesyour
keeps behind his

perforatedvessel, but

the vessel

his back

person.
unfaithful
man

retain

would

them),or,

turns

of his face."

s. an
(fi-ire-se),

act of wantonness

Af-iyanju-se, s. the doing

thingby

irreverence.

or

constraint

or

pulsion,
com-

reluctance.

Af-iye-si, s.
Afo,

s.

an

space,

oversight,a thing to

room.

^Afo, s. pig'smire.

dirtyperson,

Bu

"

"

one

mi

li

"

or

perintended.
su-

space."

me

Apa

afo bi eledde, this is said of

who

wallows

in the mire.

yio fi
seeks

"

Eledde

yi,
"

ara
a

pig

clean person

against."

Afo-ba-je,
Afoforo,

noticed

Give

afo,

enni rere
ti
pa afo tan o nwa
which
has wallowed
in the mire
to rub

be

s.
s.

an

overthrow, utter destruction.

the cork

wood.

Afogbo

s. disobedience, petulance. AwTgbo

(fo-ma-gbo),
Disobedience
will
omi,
afogbo ti ifi owo
ajae mo
drink water
with his hand
tied up."
Afogun, Opalaba, s. a flat bottle having four corners.
Afoju
Ohun
ti afojufi oju
s. a blind
(fo-oju),
person.
"

"

"

re
"

ri ki
What

fo,

the blind

sighthe
Afojudi,

oto

will

ever

li ori

on

saw

mo,

before

ko

he

ton

was

omiran

ri

mo,

blind is the last

see."

insolence
obstinacy,
adj.obstinate,
petulant,
impudent.
Afojusonna
earnest
s.
(fi-oju-si-onna),
expectation,a
lookingon the road for.
ko li egbo,iggigbogbo
Afo-mo, s, the parasite. Afomo
ni ibatan, The parasite
has no root ; it claims rela- '-^
with every tree."
tionship
Afonnahan
rector.
a
s.
(fi-onna-han),
guide, a leader, a dis.

"

"

"

Afonrugbin

11*

sower.
.9. a
(fon-iru-gbin),

AFO

Aforanlo

inquirer into

an
s.
(fi-oran-lo),

seeks

who

Aforan-mo,

case,

one

advice.

Iforan-mo,

Aforesibi, Foresiggi
who

one

suspecter.

unthankful

s. an
ore-se-ibi),

(
"

does

suspicion
;

s.

kindness.

value

not

son,
per-

Afo-se, 5. soothsaying.

depraved vision,a defect in

Af-owo-b6, s. secret, a thingnot to be
Afo-ta,

s.

Afowo-ta,
^

s.

Onifura

Afura,

Onifura

search.

careless

fu-ara),s.

(
"

the eye.
made
known.

alejoti itete

suspiciousperson.
of suspicious
pelle,"A man

"

ise onille

(found in a house) is first to salute

(insteadof waitingto be saluted)."

character
the master

Aga,

moveable

elevated

chair, an

5.

seat.

Aga-itisse,

"

footstool.

Agabagebe,
Agada,

s.

s.

short

Agadagodo,

shows

ori

mo

respect for

no

lock, padlock. Agadagodo ko

5.

the

lock

Agalamasa,
a

Agangan,
Aganju,

s.

deceit,device, trick

s.

barren
the

s.

the wards

know

does not

the

stone

who

one

woman,

which

on

ara

of another."

double

dealer.

bears.

never

beads

ino

mo

"

''One

won,

s.

sword

ko

Agada

"

of it."

maker

Agan,

scimetar.

sword,

The

"

alagbedde,
"

dissembler.

a
hypocrite,

an

ground.

are

king'spalace.

Aganju, Aginju,

wilderness, the depth of

s.

forest

or

ocean.
grass-field,

Aganran,
Aganwo

s.

aw^o,

of green

kind

s.

used

tall tree

fruit of this tree

The

butter

parrots.

nuts, sold

by

the

for boards

yields butter
Mandingos in

Also, the horny substance

on

the head

and

like

planks.
the

shea

Sierra

Leone.

of the

guinea

fowl.

Agara,

Agba,

Agba,

Aga,
6'.

s.

12

s.

weariness, fatigue.

adult ; manhood.

barrel,cask.

"

Ji

'Agba-agba, Man by man."

agba 9ttiji agba ettu, enniti
"

"

AGB

aran

of

ki

vva

ijiagba,

who

is sent

Agbagba,

s.

Agba-bo,

s.

of

barrel

liquidor

with

The

"

owner

his cask

broach

may

but

powder (ifhe please);

it dares

the cask."

broach

not

he

plantain.
Agbagba-eiyelle,s. a spottedpigeon.
foster-child.

Agbabon

cannon.
s. largegun,
(agba-ibon),
o baje,
Agbada, s. a loose garment. Agbada ya li oron
"An
agbada torn at the neck is spoilt."
Agbado, s. maize, Indian corn.
Igba dodo li agbado
igbani, Indian corn is the true support of a people."
"

^/

"

"

Agbadu, Sebe, Owon,

red
Agbagun

of

names

s.

stripeon the neck.

s. that
(gba-ogun),

which

with

snake

black

causes

gatheringof

warriors.
Agbaiye

world.
s. the whole
(agba-aiye),
band, sash
Agbaja, (aba-oja),
Igbaja, s. girdle,
girds himself.
Agbaja gba talla,"One
himself with a white girdle."

who

"

Agbakankan,

s.

forest-bird ;

girds

its cry.

coming in contact ; meeting.

carryinga load,usuallyof bamboo.

Agba-k6,s.

exact

time ;

Agba-ku,

frame

for

s.

from

called

so

who

one

use.
Agbalaja, s. a kind of small country shirt in common
Agbala, s. court-yard,
yard,walled garden.
Agbalagba, s. an aged person,
Agballe, s. a kind of insect. Aid igba agballelowo
arabi, ko si enniti igba ille babba enni lowo enni,
"

No

"

can

one

separate the agballefrom

together)
; and

(two insects always found

deprivea
Agballu,

s.

man

the whole

olowo
12*

the midst
who

the

kan,

natives
"

The

of the

can

an

to be

ocean.

assistance.

renders

the rhinoceros

supposed by

one

city.

s.
(agba-omi),
Agba-ni, s. helper,one
s.

no

of his inheritance."

Agbami

Agbanrere,

arabi

the

animal
the

one-horned

with

unicorn.

one

horn,

Agbanrere
agbanrere."
"

AGB
of

ancient

days.
y Agbara
s. strength,
might,ability
(gba-ara),
; a
bush-rope used for tying rafters together.
Agba-ojo,

s.

kind

"

ma

babba

ero

mo

olle, "A
be

spendthrift,
(may
Agba-ra,

wooden

s.

The

"

sono

strong

ni

pullsdown

modunmodun,

Agbarigba,
streaks

"A

each

on

in

with

to the

thingbelongingto
Agbassa,
\.-Agba-tan,

has

brains in it"

no

long horns,

Agbari ko

"

and

white

two

female

sheep,goat,
of a shepherd,who receives
offspring
; oversightof any

care

another.
of rock.

mass

"

Agbassa

babba

okuta,

is the father of stones."

rock

"

solid

s.

otte

side.

part of the

payment

ja agbara

of the head.

Agba-si, s. accumulation,addition.
Agba-sin, Agba-to-ju,Agba-wo, s.
"c., entrusted

fortification."

the

(mere) skull

animal

an

s.

Ogun

"

5. skull,crown
(igba-ori),

Agbari

is

called)the father of idleness."

fortification.

enemy

Ao-bara

who

man,

of

entire

s.

help,complete

agba olle, You

(ifyou help him

li

"

help
all)."

must
at

Agbayon, Agbayonkon,

s.

assistance.
idle

an

the miraculous

man

Agbatan
thoroughly

"

berry; (a plant

called

by Europeans).
Agbe, s. a gourd, a calabash not cut into halves, but
simply pierced at the top, used for carryingwater,
palm-oil,or palm-wine. Agbe ni ije egbin omi,
agbalagbani ijiyaoran, "As a calabash receives the
so

"

sediment

of water,
Bi

"

omiran

Agbe,
Agbe,
"

omi

When

spillit,if

elder

an

bi

one

exercise forbearance."

must

dano, bi agbe ko ba fo
is

and

carryingwater,

the calabash

be

aton

pens
hap-

broken, you

not

get more."

can

Agbe,

"

pon,
to

apon

so

s.
s.
s.

You
13

forgetfulness,
slipof
one

who

kind
ask

takes

; one

of woodcock

alms."

"

Agbe

memory.
who
;

resides
alms.

"

in

Iwo

ni ida aro, aluko

place.
nse
agbe,

ni ikosun,

AGB

lekeleke
is
{lit.

li alalia

the

dyer

painterof

red

funfun, " The

in

dye);

Agbe-bo,

s.

hen.

si i

gere
met

hen

her

not

have

Agbede

ira,iba

se

been

she

oluwa

rere

market, and

in the

had

but the lekeleke

is the
(Jit.
(lit.is the

white

ba agbebo adire

I wo

"

has red

cloth)."

of the white

owner

the aluko

blue) ;

blue feathers

agbe has

worth

re

li oia iwo

ko

je

ta

a,

nta-

You

"

purchase

hastened

to

keeping the

owner

would

sold her."

s.
(gbe-ede),

Agbede-meji,

the

wise

clever

or

middle.

person.

Agbedemeji esse
ekun, The knee is the middle of the leg."
Agbegbe, s. neighbourhood; region.
Agbeji
s. a hat.
(gba-eji),
Agbe-jollo, s. a long-neckedcalabash.
s.

"

li ori

"

Agbelebu,

s.

Agbe-ni, s.

one

Agbe,

s.

one

Agbe,

s.

cross.

who
who

kind

helps,or speaks on
sharpens.

of native

s.

"

batta

ro

of,another.

sword.

farmer, agriculturist.
Agbedde, s. smith's shop. Ogun ko

Agbe,

behalf

; oko

soro.iro

ko

(the god of smiths)does

blacksmith

does

not

hard

w^ork

not

make

hoes

not

in

make

r9

agbedde pa

ike,agbedde ko
okko

manufacture

not

shoes ; and

the
agriculture,

ta,"Ogun

ivory;
if there

blacksmith

the

were

would

to sell."

before other
eaten
s. an
earlypumpkin, much
^''Agbe-je,
in season.
When
it becomes
are
vegetables
over-ripe
bitter.
la ani ki apa a ni pansa,
Agbeje gba won
from starvation,
it
(After)the agbejehas saved men
is judged fit to be cut into a common
calabash."
(A
proverbagainstingratitude.)Agbeje ko koro ni ille
bitter in a largefamily."
nla, The agbejeis never
Agbe-kuta
s. a stone-cutter.
(gbe-okuta),
Agbe-ma-ye, s. a hen which does not lay.
Agbin-yi-kagba, Akogba, s. hedge.
"

"

"

"

13*

AGl
L

Agidi,

Agidi ti on ti iyonnu,
implacableperson.
ti on ti lya, "An
implacableperson is always
is sure
of trouble, a pliableperson
to

s. an

"

akurete
a

source

suffer."

Agiliti,s.

animal

an

of the

tribe.

guana

Bi

"

oni

kun

If the agiliti
ogbe ki o pa agiliti
ojoaro,
will die to-dayor to-morrow
(forwant of water),rain
will surelycome."
because
A proverbial
expression,
the agiliti
is said to be able to live without water for
considerable
time.
a
yiyi, The
Agilitiabi ara
with a rough skin."
agiliti
Applied to people with
olla ki

kun

"

"

"

disorders.

cutaneous

Agisa, Akisa, s. rags.

mbe

kan
make

nwon

s.

illu

pe
:"

li afi isu osuka.

aso

ni illu

na

is

there

Illu
^'

alagisa, Rags
called

town

"

The

Town."

Ragged
Ago,

ama

pad

up

Akisa

"

cup,

Ago, Agoro,

5.

and

mug, jug.
of stripedrat,remarkable
a kind
and
swiftness,

the

care

tiness
for craf-

it takes of its young

ebiti pa a ambotori

Agoro ti o gbon sasa

malaju, The Ago (a very clever animal) is caught
in a trap : how
much
the Malaju (a very stupid
more
ones.

"

^'

animal)."
Ago, first salutation
the inmates

that

they may
Agogo,

not

the

s.

be

approaching a house, indicating

should keep themselves
that
so
tidy,
taken
by surprise.
of

name

"

tallness

no

Eiyelleko

tallness.
is

in

among

loftier than

tree

li agogo

kiki

arupe,

pigeons;

they

the

rest;

"There
all

are

dwarfs."

Agogo,

s.

Agogo

kan,

struck

bell,an hour.
one
bell,one
one

o'clock

hour.

"

Agogo

kan

lu,

"

It

"

s. pointof a
(gon-go-ori),
thing,extreme
point
of a sharp thing.
Agoro, s. the hare.
Aja ti ire re ba danilojuli ade si

Agogori

"

14*

AGO
The

"

agoro,
set

Agoro,
^

dog

to catch
s.

s.

ba

s.

swift is

hare."

honour,

"

to build

once

house, a shed is first erected."

shroud, a winding-sheet
; a
Ago, the prince of fishes.

Ago,

be very

"

le

able at

to

grade below that of Asipa.

shed.
Bi
a
tent, a temporary building,
If one
itete kgWe ago li apa na,
is not

title of

Ago, Aggo,
ako

the

is known

which

fish,
"

Ago

olu

eja.

over
person who neglectsdue discipline
his dependants,and allows them
to fall into slothful

Ago, Agoni,

s.

An
de
ehin,
ara
Ago (suffers
Ago won
shall come
tillsome
his dependantsto be slothful)
one
them)."
(who shall awaken
to another.
Agon, s. a settled grudge, bad feelings
Aguala, Ajaosu, s. the planetVenus ; a dogstar. Aguala
sebi aja re ni ise. ^Agualaki ise
mba
irin nwon
osu
Venus
travels with the moon;
they suppose
aja osupa,
is not the moon's
it to be her dog. Venus
dog."
'Ajude, s. an iron armlet worn
by hunters.
Agufon, s. a kind of long-neckedcrested bird : it is a
and must
that its bones cannot
common
superstition

habits.

"

"

"

"

not

be broken.

runningplant.
Agutan, s. a sheep. Agutan enia, a stupid person.
Aha, s. a small calabash, used for givingchildren water.
difficulty.
Aha-mo, s. the state of being enclosed, strait,
who
on
Ahamora
; one
( ara),s. he who puts armour
entangleshimself with many things.
Agun-monna,

s.

"

"

Ahanna,

s.

Ahariya,
Ahere,

s.

s. a

wild, obstinate person.

bird-shot.
farm-house.

"

Ahere

ni

yio kehin

remains
yio kehin ille, The farm-house
(upon the ground),and the ridge of the
"

the

that
at last.

15

building:"
person

will be

oko,

atta

to the

roof

ni

last

pletes
com-

ting
proverbialsaying,intimacompelled to seek a shelter

AHO

expression,signifying,I

a
Alio, interj.
contemptuous

do

"

care."

not

Ahon, Awon,

s.

the

Ahon

tongue.
"

ni

ipinleennu,

"

The

tongue is the end of the mouth."

AiioRo, s. ruins, deserted houses, desolation.

Ahoto,

s,

Ahusa,

s.

Ahu-so-oro,

small
fruit
s.

tighttrousers, or

drawers.

resemblingwalnut.

falsehood,invented

story.

with
used in combination
chiefly
negativeparticle,
and i
It is compounded of a privative
other words.
the nominal
formative prefix.
AiBERu
adj.without fear,fearless.
(Ai-ba-eru),
not stopping. Aida
Ai-DA, adj.not ceasing,
ojo ni, It
is rain without stopping."
unsound
state of health.
AiDA-ARA, s. infirmity,
not growing slack.
AiDERA
(de-ara),
adj.not negligent,
AiDiBAJE
s. incorruption.
( da-ibaje),
reluctance.
Ai-FE, s. unwillingness,
uncharitableness.
AiFENi
(Fe-enni),5.
Ai-Fo, adj.unbroken, sound, whole.

Ai,

"

"

"

Ai-FO,adj.unwashed.
s. boldness, fearlessness.
(Fo-aiya),
Ai-GBA, s. non-receiving.
of understandingor
AiGREDE
ledge
knows. want
(Gbo-ede),
of a language.
Ai-GBo, AiGBORAN, s. unbclicf, disobedience.
Aigboran
the
"Disobedience
father
babba
is
of insolence."
afojudi,

AiFOYA

"

Ai-GBo,

s.

motionless

Ai-JE,AiJEUN, without

to
state, unwillingness

food.

"

Aije aimu,

not

move.

eating,not

drinking.
Ai-JE, adj.not answering,not effectual.
AiJEBBi
(Je-ebbi),
adj.uncondemned, guiltless.
AiJiYAN
(Ja-iyan),
adj.without denying,undeniable.
AiKOLA
(Ko-ila),
adj.not tattooed,not circumcised.
Ai-KON, adj.without grumbling,not murmuring.
16

AIK
AiKossE

out
(ko-esse),
adj.not trippingor stumbling,withoflence.

Ai-Ku, adj.not liable to die,alive.

Ai-KUN, adj.not remaining,finished.
AiLABAWON
no

(ni-abaw9n),
adj.undefiled,having

spot

Ai-LEGAN

or

stain,

no

blemish.

egan),adj.having no blame, blameless.

Ai-LERA
s. infirmity,
( le-ara),
bodilyweakness.
AiLERi ( eri),
5. purity,
cleanness,freedom from filth.
Ai-LERi, adj.having no witness,without a witness.
AiLESE
(ni-ese),
adj.without sin,righteous,
innocency.
AiLEwu
( ewu), adj.having no danger,safe.
AiLOMMo
(ni-ommo), adj.childless.
Ai-LU, s. a plant; adj.not having a hole, not bored.
Emi
Ai-MA, adv. two negativesmaking an afTirmative.
"

"

"

"

"

ko

Ai-Mo,

le ise aima
of

want

s.

lo,

I must

"

go."

knowledge,ignorance,a.

unknown.

Ai-Mo, Ai-Mu, adj.without drink.

Ai-Mo, adj.unclean, filthy.
AiMOYE

(mo-oye), s. wanting knowledge, ignorance;

adj.not wise.
Ai-Mu, adj.not sharp, dull,not catching.
destitution.
Ai-Ni, adj.not having ; s. need, necessity,
AiNiPEKUN
( ipekun),adj.having no end, everlasting.
AiNiYE
( iye),adj.innumerable, countless,myriads.
AiNiYENiNO
of understanding,
dulness
( nino),s. want
of apprehension.
AiNiYiN
ing
want( iyift),
adj.dishonourable,disreputable,
honour
or
reputation.
"

"

"

"

Ai-PADA, adj.not
Ai-PE,adv.

not

returning.

long,of

no

Ai-PERi, s. the mushroom,

corruptionin

long duration.
a

disease

common

to

children,

wounds.

Ai-REKOJA,s. soberness,self-controul.
Ai-RiNAN, AiRiRAN,

s.

Ai-Ri-wi,adj.inexcusable
17

of

dimncss
;

blindness.
sight,
lit.having nothingto
u

say.

AIR

Ai-Ro, adj.without
AiROJu, AiRowo

consideration,
thoughtless.
5. business,
cupation.
ri-oju),
employment, oc-

(
"

picked up,

Ai-SA, adj.not

scattered.

Ai-sAN, s. sickness,disease.
want of compassion.
5. unmercifulness,
se-anu),
Ai-SE, adj.not coming to pass, unfulfilled.
Ai-sE,AsE,s. a largedoor, a gate.

AiSANu

(
"

Ai-SE,

inaction.

s.

Ai-SE, adj.
AisEGBE

sinning,not offending
; having

not

ginning.
be-

no

s.
( se-egbe),
equity,impartiality,
equality,
justice.
AisEMELLE
activity.
( imelle),Aisimelle,s. diligence,
Ai-SETTAN, adj.or s. void of deceit,simplicity,
openness,
sincerity.
Ai-si,
adj.not being,not present.
Ai-si-Mi,s. indefatigableness,
perseverance.
Ai-siN,s. independence.
not doubleAisiYEMEJi
s. or
adj.certainty;
(se-iye-meji),
"

"

doubt.

without

minded,

s. injustice,
unrighteousness.
se-ododo),
AisojusAju
(oju-isaju),
adj.or s. showing no respect ;
impartiality.
ArsoTO
( otito),
adj.not dealingtruly,untrue, unjust.
AiTARA, followed by yo, s. or adj.equality,
equal. Esin
/
meji sure li aitara won yo, Two horses ran equally,or
inequality;"i.e. without either surpassingthe other.
crookedness, not durable.
Ai-To, s. or adj.absurdity,

AisoDODo

(
"

"

"

"

AiwuKARA,

AiYA,

s.

or

adj.unleavened

cake, not

breast,bosom, heart, stomach

s.

Bi ako

"

stomach

Aiya-f6,

v.

is not
to

li

fermented.
courage,

aki ijeay
aiya rindorind9,

strong, do

not

eat

ence.
influ-

an, "If the

cockroaches."

fear,to be discouraged.

panic-struck. Ijaiya, 5. fearfulness,

discouragement.

AiVA-jA,
18

V.

to

be

AIY

AiVA-LA,

V.

to be

be

panic-struck.
terrified,to be frightened.
deviatingfrom the rightpath.
s. integrity
; not
separated; undivided

to
fearful,

AiYA-PA, V. to be
Ai-YAPA, adj.not
Ai-YATTO, adj.or
state.

Ai-YE, adj.lifeless.
AiYE, s. the world, earth
time
ki
an

condition, state,time

of

life,

reign. Aiye li Okun, enia li Ossa, aki imo iwe

ako
aiyeja, The world is (may be compared to)
is the lagoon Ossa.
ocean
However
; mankind
;

"

"

well

swims, he cannot
person
It is presumptuous
for man
(i.e.
a

the world

cross

to

attempt

to

;"

pass
com-

the whole

world.)
understood, unintelligible
; not

Ai-YE,adj.not
not

ceasing,

stopping.

Ai-YE,Ai-GBo,

s.

not

givingway, unyielding.

udv.
AiYERAiYE,AiYE-TiTi-LAi,

world

for cvcr,

without

end, eternally.

adj.or s. immovable
; stedfastness.
(yi-esse),
Aja, s. a dog. Aja egberun ko gbo oruko, "A dog valued
at half-a-crown(i.e.
old dog;half-a-crown
an
being the
priceof a full-growndog) cannot be taught." OkTpa
aja li afi ib9 Ogun, "An old dog must be sacrificed
to Ogun ;" (i.e. Ogun
claims the best). Aja ti ko
let! ko se idegbe,^^A stupiddog will not do for the
If a dog
chase."
Bi aja ba li enni lehin apa obbo,
AiYEssE

"

"

"

"

"

has
the

master

after him, he

largemonkey."

Aja, s. attic,uppermost
Aja,

s.

be afraid to kill

will not

fairy,said

floor.
be

to

of

diminutive

human

and
carries persons into the wilderness
them in magic and all kinds of medicines.
who

Aja, Ajara, Ogbolo,

wild
houses

when

by the natives
newly plasteredwith

narrow

instructs

running plant, resemblinga

vine, used

Aja-bo, Ijabo,
19

s.

form,

escape

with

to

varnish

their

mud.

much

struggleand

AJA

difTiculty.
Ajabo ni
The
frog (iw^)is

iwe, bi

ti

"

''

of
V

iwe

ja ab9 I9W0 oloko,

from

to escape

sure

the

hands

the farmer."

Ajadi, adj.having the bottom

olara, ^'A basket

odi

broken

off.

Ajadi agbon
broken through
"

its bottom

with

is useless."

Ajae,

Ajaga,
I

cord

which

AjAGAJicr, adj.firm

as

enniti
Ajagajigi
tries to shake

Ajagbon,
Ajagun,
Ajaille,

over,

agba

dislike

"

re,

"

who

He

tree,onlyshakes himself"

and

fruit.

which

thorns

are

put and carefully

thief falls into

over
ceiling

it,his

foot

dead; vaulted

the

s.

(from the loud talkingof the labourers

the task),
and the sightof a vault makes

tremble."

men

Ajako,

'ra

tree.

"

lewd

fellow,a

Ajaka, Ajakalle,
V

mi

of

stem

warrior.

that when

so

deal of noise

Ajaje,

neck.

to the

ba
Pansa ille o li ariwo nin9ajaille
grave.
li eru, '* When
is made
there is a great
a grave

roof of

old

of
tree

severelywounded;

who

is bound

the

or

kukute

the stem

pitinto

s.

covered
is

mi

a
soldier,

5.

rock

the tamarind

s.

the hand

for the neck.

shackle

s.

with

s.

an

s.

animal

mean

an

very

person.

epidemic, an infectious disorder.

much
resembling a dog. Ogbo"

ni bi

"

ajako, He who kills an ajakois sure

to suffer for it" (a superstition).
lighting.
Ajala, Ijala, s. escape throughmuch
Ajan, s. meat cut in small piecesfor sale. Bi alapataba
the
awon
alagbataabu u li ajan, When
pa eran
gbo

awon

"

"

kills the

butcher

animal, the

retailers

it into

cut

pieces."
'Ajanapa,

s.

ajanapa ki
oko

li

20

li o,

agbe

business
The

bird

has

farmer

mu

imu

aso

the

farmer
'

says,

wa

ilo,^'

aso

of cloth.

made

snare

How

ise li oko.
The
to

"

Aparo jare

Ajare aparo

partridgesays,
bring his cloth

could

come

to

my

'

li

What

here?'
farm

AJE

Ajeti, s.

left after

remnant

the full.

eatingto

Ajeyo, adj.having eaten to the full,satisfied.

a priori.
Ajibowaba, adj.existing
Ajigbese, s.

debtor.

observed as sacred by the Mahommedans.

Ajimo, 5. Friday,
Ajin, 5. profound silence,darkness, depth of night.
"

it is midnight."
profounddarkness:
Ajina, s. the act of spending,
marketing.
dailyexpenditure,
^Ki Ajinde olla
Ajinde, Agbende, s. the Resurrection,
(my hopes)!"
"May a future resurrection answer
kioje,
an
expressionprobablylearntfrom the Mahommedans.
"There
Ajinjin,

is

"

Ajisinsin,s. concealment,a concealed

'Ajo, s. journey.

matter.

Ajo, s. anxiety,solicitude,carefulness.
Ajo, s. assembly,a meeting,a gatheringtogether.
Ajoku, adj.unquenchable.
or
Ajo-mo-po, Ajo-je-po, s. a feasting
drinkingtogether,
a banquet.
Ajo-ran, the act of catchingfire. Bi ille ko kan ille ki
catch
not contiguousdo not easily
ijoajoran,"Houses
"

fire."

Ajo-rin, i'. companionshipon a journey.

Ajo r6, s. a mutual
combination,bargain,agreement.
a talking
talk,consultation,
together.

Ajo-so, a mutual

in joy.
participation
Ajuba, s. newly cultivated grassfield.
Ajumo, s. combination, co-operation.

Ajo-yo,

Aka,
A

s.

the

s.

of

name

tree, the

gbe odan, igbo ni igbe, The

and not in a plain." Two
forest,
"

"

bashful

are

Aka,

s.

by

armadillo.
armadillo
bi
li ojuti

"

Aka
dwelt

ko
in

aka, "You

like the armadillo."

storehouse, built in the shape of a V, supported

four

sticks,with

three

or

four

apartments

for

stores.

Akabbe
while
22

aso,

s.

the

weaving.

pole

on

which

the

cloth

is wound

AKA

Akaka,

or
posture of squatting,

the

s.

I wo

legged.
"

squat like

an

sittingcrossdakaka
yekete bi agbalagba, You
lowo akiti,
old person." 'Aki igbaakaka
"

"

igbaille babba enni lowo enni,

one
no
; and
monkey of squatting

aki
a

one

can

cure

can

deprive a

ba ku

laiyeakala

of his inheritance."

man

Akala,

s.

li orun,

the

carcase,

Akalambi,

s.

Akamo,

sack is used to

soldiers

of

act

; a

naval

or

plunder with

given to

name

camp."

war

the

rounding.
sur-

by

epauletworn

officers.
to

order,

bread, cake, of which

s.

at

or
encompassing,enclosing,

made
adj.special,

Akanse,

Akara,

"

the crab

s.

7s

(akalaagbe orun mo), The akala smells

however
high in the air he may be."
Akalambi
li afi ipiye li
bag, a sack.

the

s.

Bi oku

"

"

"A

ogun,

bird.

carnivorous

amo

Akan,

No

"

uncommon.

latter there

various

are

in imitation
fancy cake made
in
of a net.
Akara-bowo-bowo,
fancy cake made
made
imitation of a ring. Akara-fule,
a soft cake
of white beans and the vegetableoccro.
Akara-ku,
of beans, and used by warriors
cake made
hard
a
for provisionin their war
expeditions.Bi o ba /K'
he
Whenever
gbo ogun mi, ki iduro din akaraku,
waits to make
hears of my w^ar, he never
provision."
at another's
This is said of a busy-body who rejoices
kinds.

Akara-awon,

"

"

"

"

"

"

trouble.

Akara-lapata,

"

made

of

garment, from

the

cake

Indian

corn.

Aka-so,

5.

Akaso-ewu,

ladder, steps.
kind

waist,which

the

loose

Aka-su,
babba

;
s.

23

may

either be drawn

neck

or
tight,

singly.
large lump of agidifor familyuse.

to
orn

generallyworn
a

ekko,

know

"

Akasu

is the father of all other

"
He who
bi lyan mu,
that a famine
prevails."

Ajakasu ko
not

of short

mo

"

Akasu

loaves."

eats akasu

does

AKA

^Akata,s.

broad-brimmed

to ward

off rain

by

the natives

rays of the sun, instead

the

or

hat used

straw

of

an

umbrella.

Akatapo,
^

Akatanpo,

5.

cross-bow.

ko

Akatanpo

"

to

ta li o mu
iggiwa iko loju,"A cross-bow is
ijaija,
with (sincethe introduction
not enough to go to war
whom
of fire-arms)
do you
dare to face with
:
a
stick ?"
Alakatanpo fi oju woke, A cross-bowman
Iis obligedto look upwards."
Aka-we, Akawe-oran, s. similitude,comparison of words
or
matter, signification.
Akayin
who loses his teeth.
s. one
(ka-eyin),
"

"

Ake,

s.

Ake,

s.

an

Akede

crier.
See Akeke.

axe.

publiccrier.
publiccrier does

(ke-ode),s.

gbona,

The

"

because

s.

Ake-ja-onna,
Akeke

s.

ti nke
axe

axe.

iggiko

the

tree

which

from

kan

his

meat

; we

Akeke,

s.

hear

ettu

sound.

si
The

atari,
axe

afraid,but the carpenter

defence."
(There are some

is not

it is considered
a

igbo agbo okiki,

wo

gbenagbena mbu

se

for his

of
protection

Akerekere,

Ake

"

forest

performs charms
the

food,"

warm

street,lane.

cross

enters

cuts

trees

eat

jiyangbi-

old hoe.

an

Akeke, Ake, s. the

that

not

ko

moment.

Akegun-oko,

An

Akede

he is liable to be called away

at any

"

"

dangerousto

fell without

charm.)
the

scorpion.
"

Akeke

Ojogan

fi

ijaara, ille fi oju di ni, akeke ko se idi ni ibo, A

scorpionstingswith his tail ; a domestic is apt to
hide a scorpionin the hand."
be insolent: one
cannot
Akeri, Yonyon, s. a plant used for washing, also for
"

id

sauce

; a

hater.

Ake-si, Ikesi,s. the

akesi

mi

anna,

yesterday."
24

act of
"I

calling
upon,

thank

you

for

visiting.Oku
callingupon me

or

"

AKE
^

Akete^ 5. bed,
"

small

Akette, s.

bedstead,
bed

will not

kekere

hold

ko

gba enia meji,

persons."

two

hat.

Akettox, Akettun,
y

Akete

"

5. a

new

hoe, a bough,branch

Akije, (ki-ma-je),
s. dumbness,

of

tree.

answeringsalutation.
Ille kan wa
li Oyo nigba atiJ9ti anpe
li akije,
There is a house in Oyo which was
called of old
time the place of silence."
is a tradition that
There
not

"

"

white

died

man

and

buried

was

there.

Aki-lo, s. partingsalutation,farewell.
Aki-molle, Ikimolle,s. the act of pressingdown.
Akiri, s. a wanderer, rover.
Akisalle, s. a running plant,with a pod very much

like

Aki itiehin akisalle iwure, " One cannot

pea.
the gods without using the word
akisalle."
a

"/

bless

"

Akisa, Agisa,

s.

rags.
handsome

Akisa

"

ba

enni

je, Rags
"

rere

disgracea
person."
Akiti,s. monkey.
Akiyesi (ko-iye-si),
s. the act of takingnotice or
observing.
Akke, s. bush-rope used for tying rafters together; a
largeshe-goat. O bun mi li akke ewure
kan, He
presented me with a largeshe-goat."
^Akko ploron ejo,
Akko, s. a swan, sheath, scabbard.
"

"

\y

"

"

bird

The

iku

bo

si akko
hides
wdll

Ako-ja,

akko, with

si akko

ida,

himself

snake-like

ida ; or, ]\Io

He

"

runs

in the

away

sa

osa

from

neck."

iku,
the

scabbard, (intowhich

"

mo

sure
si

sword,

bo
and

the sword

return)."

completion,bringingto a point,termination.
Ako-jo, s. accumulation,pilingup.
Ako-ki, 5. the act of saluting
on
meeting on the way.
ti mo
Akoko
setan
Akoko, s. time, season, exact time.
came
justas I was ready."
ge ni iwo de, You
s.

"

"

Akoko,

s.

sucked
who
25

the
;

tooth.

receive

juiceof whose flower is

The leaf of this tree is givento those
a sign of great honour.
as
title,

of

name

new

tree, the

AKO

Ako-kun,

after

remnant

s. a

been

large quantityhas

taken.

Ako-po, Ikopo,
Ako-so,
Ako,

boar
y^

completion;

s.

the

s.

rule.

Ako-malu,

"

entire removal.

of beasts

male

s.

birds.

or

Ako-eledde,

"

bull, bullock

s.

Ako-pepeiye,

"

a
s.

drake.

^Akobi, (ko-bi),
s.
"

draught; gatheringtogether.

control,government,
restraint,

s.

Ako-tan,

s.

the

first-born.
"

first-born is due

The

to the

Akobi

owner,

shepherd who takes care of it)."

Ako-ju, s. superiorlearning,
learningto

ni

eleran,

ti

(and not

to

the

excess.

foremost.
Ako-kan, adj.the first,
Ako-le, s. a superscription,
direction, address

of

letter.

Ako-mu,

that which

s.

kind

of beads

s. a
(ako-enia),

teacher.

Akon, Akun,
Akoni
*^

is first taken.

s.

made

of shell.

I wo
iba ri,iwo
brave,bold, stKong person.
ko gboddo wi ; ni ipa akoni, You
see, but not
may
dare to speak (ofthe danger): it is that which is the
often
death of the strong man
;'i.e. (The strong man

Akoni,

s.

"

"

perishesfor want of warning.)

Akonrin
s. a
(kon-orin),
singer. Akonrin
The
singerhas no one to take part

ko

"

"

li

in the

elegbe,
chorus

him."

with

Akonron,

s.

closet,privateroom.

s. a murmuring, muttering.
(si-ino),

Akon-sino

ing,
overflows.
(kpn-wo-si-ille),
(Applied to dry measure.)
believed to be
fifth day,superstitiously

Akonw^osille, Ikonwosille
brimful.

Ako-ojo,
a

bad

success

Akorira

5.

every

day, in which nothing is undertaken

wished.
is particularly
who hates,a hater.
5. one
(ko-irira)

Ako-ro,s. the firstrain intheyear,commencement

first made, beginning.
Ako-se, s. the first,
26

in which

of rains.

AKO

^*5^ossEBA

s. that
(ko-esse-ba),
Akosseba
eyi ti ijeodun,

will have

to wait

wliich is met
"

waits

who

He

chance.

by

"

for chance

year."

instructed.
Ako-tan, adj.perfectly
built,perfectly
Akow^e
s. a scribe,
writer, clerk,secretary.
(ko-iwe),
^

AkudTn,

the

s.

ake,

The

"

M.KUKO,s.

heart

of

heart

of

cock.

tree.

ni

gagara

ko

asapa

fears

(the tree)asapa

Akuko

"

-Akudin

"

no

axe."

idajo funi

oganjo,"A large cock crowing in

the nightsettles the dispute (as to
night).
"

the

li arin

middle

the time

leaf of the shea tree.

the young
with
^Okun,5. a dull stupidperson ; a worm

Akumalapa,

Akun,

konno

of

of the

s.

many

feet.
flatterer.
5. a bard,drummer,
(kon-iyin-gba),
Akurette, Akunrette, s. a sluggishstupidperson.
Akuro, s. a garden by the waterside.
Al, a substitute for oni, one who has ;" used as a prefix.
Ala, 5. boundary of a farm, limit of a territory.
Akunyungba

"

Ala,

dream, vision.

s.

s.
a
messmate,
(oni-ibaje),

Alabaje
of the

one

who

partakes

dish.

same

of the
oracle ; the name
s. an
( ba-ni-ase),
goddessObbatalla,who foretels what is coming to pass.
Ala-ba-pa, s. partner of a fisherman, partner in killing.
Alabalase

"

Alaba-pade,
Alaba-pin,
Alaba-rin,

chance, luck.

s.

sharer
participator,
partaker,

s. a
s.

thing.

fellow-traveller.

Ala-bino-ku-enni,

s.

s.
(oni-abo),

Alabo

in any

enemy,

an

defender, a

persecutor,an

accuser.

succourer.

ownerof the bundle of cowries.

ALABO-owo(oni-abo),5.the
who
adds
s. one
to,
(oni-ibukon),
Alabukon, Olubukon
one

who

blesses.

Alabukon-fit,

s.

Alabu-kun,

one

s.

Alabukun-aron,
27

who

one

who
s. a

blesses.

one
despises,

maimed

person.

who

contemns.

ALA

Alabu-si, s.

bestower

upon.

s.
(oni-ada-m9),

Alada-mo
mistaken

Alada-si,

is led

who

one

astray with

notion,a heretic.

s.

meddler.

who

responsibility.
spoke on his own
5. a king ; the
(oni-ade),
royal family,consisting

Alada-so,
Alade

5.

one

of several

persons
viz. Obba

Yoruba,

who

rule

different districts of

over

Yoruba, Onikoyi,Olugbon,Aressa,
Asehin, Alado, Alake, Olowu, Alagura,Alaketu, Olu.

neighbour,one livingnear.
olla, A near
neighbour need

Al-adugbo,
ki

5.

ida

"

"

Aladugbo
not take (a

till to-morrow."

leave
final)

Ala-feiiinti,s.

supporter, sustainer,one

on

whom

dependence is put.
Alafia,

health.

s.

peace,
of
father
the

Alafi-han,

Alafia

"

babba

ore,

Peace

"

is

friendship."
who

s. one

shows, a revealer, a betrayer,a

traitor.

Alafin,

s.

Alafiyesi

Alaw9fin.
s. an
seer,
overinspector,
(fi-iye-si),
superintendant,
see

observer.
of things;
a
place between
group
vacant
ravine, crevice.
space ; a valley,
who
Alafo JUTO,
one
s.
an
looks
over(fi-oju-to),
overseer,
of a thing.
has an oversight
or
of respect, a
Alagba
elder, a person
an
s.
(enia-agba)
the people.
person of honour, rulers among

Alafo,

s.

an

Al-agbada,
called

s.

the

s.

Al-agbara,
"

s.

an

the

loose

garment

agbada.
linen,one

strong able-bodied

who

makes

ni

lya, ki

person,
o

fi erin

mighty
si,"If

you, smile at him."

who hires himself
one
farm-labourer,

to till the land.

28

has

washes

alagbaraje'o

Bi

s.

who

makes

trade.

powerful man
Ala-gbaro,

who

one

washing a
man.

tailor who

agbada ; one

Al-agbafo,
.

open

ill treat

out

ALA

Alai-mo,

that which

s.

clean,a filthy
thing,a polluted

is not

thing.
Alai-more,

unthankful

an

s.

ALAI-M9WE, adj.unlearned,
Alai-moye,

s.

who

one

valuingkindness.

person, not
illiterate.

has

no

of

power

perception,a

dull, sluggishperson.
thoughtless,
Alai-ni, s. a needy, indigentperson.
Alainigbagbo
s. a faithless
( ni-igbagbo),
"

Alai-ri-wi,

Alai-si,s.

s.

inexcusable

an

who

one

person.
to

ceases

person.

who

be, one

is

absent,an

absentee.
who does not act justly
s. one
or
(se-ododo),
with equity,
an
unrighteousperson.
not true, not acting uprightly.
Alai-soto, adj.unjust,

Alaisododo

Alai-ye,
Alai-yo,

who

one

s.

or

unw^orthyperson.

hungers,one

who

satisfied

is not

food.

with
^

unfit

an

s.

s.
a
(oni-ajapa),
petty trader who generally
purchases from one town and sells at another with
li eran
li aiya, A petty
a little profit. Alajapako
trader has no flesh upon
her chest" {i.e.
self
herwears
to a skeleton).
Alaje, 5. a nick-name
given to one's self.

Alajapa

"

"

Alajo-pa,

s.

fisher.
or
partner, a fellow-hunter,

Alakatanpo,
ita

eran

pa,

cross-bow

Alakara,
lives

He
can

small

s.

man.

who

has

kill

cakemaker,

animal."

baker.

bird

an

Alakatanpo oju ko le
only his eye (brow) for a
"

of the

palm-bird tribe

the

s.

alakele,

"

head

Papa

weaver."

noisy weaver,

who

li

s.

Ala-kon,
Alako-se,
30

visitor.

s.
s.

half; part of
a

beginner.

assa

imitates

alakele."

Alakesi,

which

figs.

on

Alakele,

"

never

s.

Alakelle,

cross-bow

s.

thingadded.

bi
awonsp
man)
(hishead-

ALA

AlakotT,
Alami,

s.

s.

disobedient

spy

person.

anxious

observation

secret

or

Alamo, Alamgba, Alamo-rt, Adaripon,

'^Oko nla

"

se

another

is accustomed
the

s.

How

"

Alaniyan

s.

does

that

"

whose

him.'

clay

"

"

title of

Alansasa, Alanta-kun,
'o

ka

ja ata

s.

the

ni

ti

"

the

mud

things.
bi

Alantakun

spider.

you with
has mercy,

person,

the issue of

about

pieces of old

broken

Alapa, s.
alapa

solicitous,anxious

lara," When

assault you, it surrounds

Alanu
s. he who
(enni-anu),

Alamori

"

stand ?"

concern

is disturbed

mind

secret.

concern,

s.
ani-iyan),

ba 'o

best

of the

owner

towards

to act

goddess Obbatalla.

Alamo-ri, Alamo,

one

lizard.

'

Al-amo-rere,

ri ?

the male

5.

"

the male

the

thing.

alamgba pensan o ni behe li enni ti o

ise ni, A largestone (beingthrown) crushed
lizard. It replied,So one
who
is stronger

ju 'ni lo
than

of

spiderintends
web."
(its)
a

merciful

yio
to

person.
Ase

walls, ruins.

"

gbo, ase ohun gbogbo fu iggi9 ye

iggi. (However) a ruined mud wall may be garnished,
be
useless
all
trouble
the trouble will
; (but)
geous."
bestowed
of)wood is advanta(thingsmade
upon
li

ko

oso

"

"

Alapa-ta,

s.

butcher

The
Alapata ko mo iru eran,
regard to any particularbreed of

butcher.

no

pays

"

"

animals."

Alape-je,

s.

who

one

Alara, Omnira,
-

s.

invites to

feast.

free person.

s.
a
purchaser for ftimilyuse, one
(9ni-iraje),
Alaraje ko mo odun, abi isu ita bi
having no farm.
of the year,
iggi,"A buyer knows nothing of seasons
cause
bemust
but his yam
always be as large(as a billet),"

Alaraje

"

his money
every

to

purchase

the best of

thing.

Ala-ran-se,

s.

Alarekereke,
31

enables him

helper.

5. a

rogue,

double-dealer,a prevaricator.

ALA

Alarena,

s.

agent who

an

in

employed

is

engaging a

woman.

young

AlarT, Alari,
Alari

kind

s. a

Alarin-jo, Arin-jo,
Alarobo,

s. a

s.

rover

who

one
or

cotton

"

decorations."

about.

dances

about.

wanderer

sells off at

and

buys

petty trader,who

in Haussa.

grown

princeof

is the

"Alari

babbaaso,

Alarin-kiri, s.

of red

little profit,
commissioner.
a

Ala-ro-ye,

great talker.

Alaru

s.
(oni-aru),

Alasa,

s.

Alase,
a

cook

male

Alaso,

Iya-lase,a female

"

s.

Alasa, s.

talker

Alasodon,

"

"

Babba-lase,

ti ita

alasara

inferior rank

alasa; Osin

alasa; Oton
s.

exaggerator.

an

quarrelsomeperson.
title ; captainof an

Alasara, Alasa,

dealer

in snufF

igbo ku gbogbo

all of them

professto

in the army.

alasa.

in snufF likes to confess

dealer
but

cook

cook.

s.

Are

of burdens.

a bearer
carrier,

king'smessenger.

s. a

Alaso,

s.

sell

tobacco.

or

Ko

"

ni ita

won

she sells

si

oyin, No
bad tobacco,
"

(tobacco as

as)

sweet

honey."

'^^^LASE-ju,
s. a self-willed
"

An

obstinate

Alase-ran,
a

Alaso

s.

who

one

pestilent
person,
s. the
(oni-aso),

clothes,a
^

man

Alatampoko,

yio mo

esu

Alaseju pere ni
person.
falls into disgrace."
soon

ite,

"

infects

with

another

his

of the clothes;

owner

actions,
seller of

weaver.
s.

kind

of

yio lo, nibo

"

li

locusts will eat, drink, and

Esu

yioje,esu
The
alatampoko yio wo,

grasshopper.

"

go away,

grasshopper conceal itself?"

who
bringsa matter
Alaton-se, s. one
mediator, umpire.
Alawi-ye, s. one who explainsa matter
understood.
to be perfectly

but

where

will

the

32

right,an
to another

agent,
so

as

ALA

AlawTve

s. one
(wi-ma-ye),
5. a
(wi-ma-gbo),

ALAwfoBo
person

who

wizard,

Alawopupo

called

faithless person

sorcerer,

coloured.
many
in leather or hides,

he

s.

pron.

this,this

plant.

Alebu,

s.

evil treatment,

Alejo,

s. a

Alkurani,

s.

the

s.

palace.

inferior person.

; an

one.

unjustusage.

white

Koran.

cloth,calico,muslin.
cloth

gods" (becauseit is

is

Alia

objectof

an

out

worn

"

in their

funfun

hatred

otta
to the

service).

concubine.

Alle, Asalle,

s.

afternoon,evening.

Almagaji, Alumagaji,
s.

the

enters

the secrets

horse.
spirited

orisa, " A white

Alo,

who

tanner.

guest,stranger,visitor.

Aligarima,

s.

acquaintedwith

cheats

who

s.

life.
living,
possessing

s.

Alayi, dem.

Alle,

Aje, s.

s.
(awo-pi-p9),

Alayan-je,

Alla,

Oso

witch.

(awo),s. a dealer
Alawo
one
(awo),5. a priest,
of the gods.
Alawofin, s. a king,lit.one

s.

obstinate

an

Alawi-rin, Aronika,

Alawo

Ale,

speak intelligibly.

Alawi-ka, also

Alaye,

cannot

district

kind

; a

scissors.

s.

flame

of

fire,combustion.

of

trowsers.
tight-legged
Alore, s. a look-out,
placeto look out, gibbet,
spy, watch.
Alo, s. a riddle,enigma ; that which is turned or inverted.
Alolekke
5. beadmaker, beadgrinder.
(lo-ilekke),
Alonilowogba
s.
an
a
extortioner,
(lu-enia-li-owo-gba),
wringerfrom the hand of another.

Alongo,

5.

Alu-bata,
Alubossa,

s.

Alu-dondon,
Alufa,

s. a

beater

s. a

of the

(drum)

the onion.
s.

beater

Mahommedan

of the

(drum)

dondon.

of
a priest
priest,

God.
33

bata.

the

onlytrue

ALU

Alugba,

the

s.

frame

closes when

the door

which

upon

shut.

Alu-gba,

s.

Alugbon,

beater of the calabash

that which

5.

is

of

It is said that rain

Alukasafa,

s.

s.

black

with

crow

babba

"

slender

s.

pricklyplant.
"

aluki," When
for the

Aluko,

fire burns

plantaluki."

5.

kind

Alu-koso,

s.

up

ina

Bi

s.

"

jo abowp

The

fun

bush, it has respect

the

(A superstition.)

of woodcock.

beater of the

(drum)

koso.

"

Aluwala,

sleeves.

assa,

s.
( pa-eyi-da),
sleightof hand,
changing,deception.
with brass knob.
Aluse, 5. a spring-lock
Alusin, s. damage, distress,misfortune.

Alupayida

neck.

the father of the saddle."

stirrupis
Aluki,

laysits eggs.

of upper

Alukawani, s.
Alukembu, s. the stirrup. Alukembu

it

falls where

never

white

garment with short

promise, bargain,agreement.
kind

is

brother

elder

An

"

"

father."

Kanakana,

Alukanrin,

to, resemblance.

akin

near

Egbon iwaju alugbon babba,

resemblance

drum.

ablution.

Omi

"

aluwala,

"

The

the act of

water

for

ablution."

Aluwasi,

s.

Ama, adv.

parade,show, exhibition.
or
particledenotingcustom

verbs).

I wo

"

Amala,

s.

Amala,

s.

Am

ama

You

lo,

^'

of
interpreter

an

food made

used

habit

to

from

what
AmbosIn, Ambotori, co?{j.
s.

Ami-kan,

one
s.

who

go."

dreams.

flour.
yam
accustomed
APE, |Mr^. being called,

Amewa,

(used with

knows

breathingwhich

the

to be

called.

else.

beauty.

touches

or

influences

thing.

Amen, so be it.
Ami-po, Imipo,s. a shakingtogether.
Ami-si,Imisi,s. a breathinginto,the act of breathinginto.

Amin,

s.

Amkan, Amukan,
34

s.

sorrel

plant,leaf

AMM

Amma,

conj.(Hanssa)but.
Ammi, AmI, s. a sign,omen.

AmmOjS. a largewater-pot set

in the house

keep water

to

cool.
Amofin

5.
(mo-ofin),

the

law, a

lawyer,one who
professorof law.
a

knows

and

fesses
pro-

Amore

(mo-ore),s. a thankful person, one who feels and

acknowledgeskindness.
Amove
(mp-oye),s. a wise person, a sage.
Amo, s. white claywith which country pots are made.
Amodun
(mo-odun),s. next year, a return of the season.
Amodun
ko riri,
ki asise, The coming
je ki amura
year is not out of sight; let us be up and work."
to gbangba gbangba, "By
Woyi amodun
ma
this

i^

"

"

"

time

next

year

I shall become

great person."

Amohungbogbo

(mo-ohun),s. or adj.all-knowing.
Amo-ja, s. a guess, conjecture.
Amo-je
s. a plant.
(mo-eje),
Amoje-w^ewe, s. a plantwith very small leaves,used for
healingswellingsor tumours.
Amoje, s. one who tries by water.
Amo-ju, s. superiorknowledge.
Amo-ju, s. excessive drinking,drunkenness.
Amojukuro
which
is to be overs. that
(mu-oju-kuro),
looked
passed over.

or

Amokun,s.
lori,ni

lame

Amokun
person.
ille li o ti wo
lo,"A lame

ni

"

man

W9, ki ise
said his load

answered,
upright,and was
began from the ground' (fromyour
not

was

"

ness

Amolle

s.
(mo-ille),

s.

Amonna

guide, leader.

Amonna,

s.

"

onna), s.

soldiers who

to

'

Its

uneven-

lame

take

Hence

came

booty, to

the w'ord Jama

plunder.

plunder.
Amope, conj.though,althougli,
notwithstanding.
35

foot).

assassination.

booty,plunder.

Jeamonna,

on

conspirator.

Amolle-pa, Imollepa,

for

eru

Jama,

AMO
enness.
drunkto stupefaction,
s. drinking
(mo-pa-ara),

Amopara

knowing man, a counseller."

who
ni ilajuoran,
counseller
A
Amoran
mowe
understands
proverbs(soon)sets matters to rights."
Amo-se, 5.a wilful action,wilfulness,obstinacy.
Amo-tan, s. pretendedknowledge.
Amouan

(mo-oran), s.

"

Jakumo, (to-ekkun)

Amotekkun,

5.

of

animal

an

the

leopardkind.
Amotelle, s. foreknowledge,previouscognisance.

Amu, 5.

confusion,

"

damn

upsets (or,confuses)

mi, "He

me.

Amu-ba,

that which

s.

Amu-pada,

s.

AxMu-RAN, s.

is

brought to

one

; means,

tunity.
oppor-

restitution.
restoration,
hook

used

by

hold

tailors to

cloth when

sewing.
Amuron,
Amure,

s.
s.

bleedingof the nose.

a
girdle,
girdingof the

loins

; a

small

kind

of lizard.

Amu-wa,

Imuwa,

s.

that which

is

brought forth
produce.

thing,issue,ultimate
in Sierra
Amgbadu, s. the vegetablecalled cranecrane,
The
Leone.amgbadu is the
Amgbadu obbe onse,
of messengers." (Messengers are
tertained
sauce
usuallyenmade
of this vegetable.)
with a sauce
of debts due.
Amuya, s. seizure of goods in room
K6
se
anfani,
Anfani, s. advantage,ease, convenience.
Not easy, (or, advantageous)."
Angeli, s. (Gr.)an angel.
Angere, s. a wooden
leg.
Ani, v. it is said,they say.
Ani-ani, s. doubt, uncertainty.
Anidopin
s. completepossession.
(ni-de-opin),
full possession.
completion,
Ani-tan, s. perfection,
Ani-yan
s. carefulness,
anxiety.
(ni-ayan),
matter

or

"

"

\/

from

"

"

36

APA

5. barrenness
(saidof land).
(pa-ara),
abbe, A balds. bald.
(pa-ori),
Apari fojiidi

A PARA,

SALLE

"

Apari

"

for a razor."
person does not care
bird very like the partridge. Ennu

headed

Aparo,

s.

11 aparo

"

With
ifi ipe ora, ani kiki ora, kiki ora,
the mouth
the Aparo proclaims its fatness,crying (kikiora),
"

Nothing
Aparon, s.
Apata, 5. a
'/

but

fat,nothingbut

cane.

shield.

Apata

"

'ni li ogun, " When

flyfrom it,but)turns
a

shield is

Apatta,

s.

shield

li ehin

apatta li ode
the

play on

awo.

not

it ;

the front of the battle."

akan, "The

rock

^"Ojo
pa batta bata
ajalubatabata ni iggi
ing
word
Apatta,contain-

back."

crab's

the

death, it (does

sees

its outside {lit,

back) to meet

Apatta

"

batta bata li ori

li

si,apata ni igba

ri iku kehin

in
protection

rock.

{i.e.shell)on

batta

fat."

"

"The
frequentrepetitionof h and t sounds.
the batta (shoes)goes
rain on
ter,
patter,patter, patthe apatta ; in the street of the ajaluon
as
bata
(head drummer), the bata (drum) is wood, the
batta
(shoes) are skin."
(See a similar instance
a

"

under

Kanakana.)

Apeja, Pejapeja

Ape-je-ase,s.

s. a
(pa-eja),

fisher.

feast,dinner.

Apeje-iiun,Apeje, 5. guest, the

act of

eatingwith

another.

assembly,a meeting.
Ape-jure, Ijure,5. sign,mark, direction,
pattern. Apeise, The
jure li agbedde iro ; or, Apejure li onna
smith or artisan always follows a pattern."
Ape-

JO,

s.

an

"

"

Ape-le, 5.
Apena,

that which

Ena

is

s.
(pe-ina),

added,
the

surname.

act

of

pins
stretching,

on

!^

which
who

oda
'

Do

spun cotton is wound

calls an assembly.
Ma
"

fu apena
not

always
38

on

hang
the

owu,

your

"

for sale
fi ti

re

ko

(The pin says

trouble

disputebetween

on

my

the cotton

title of

; a

mi

li

to the

neck.'
and

oron

one

li

cotton,)
This

the

is

pins."

APE

Apere, s.

rider's

also used

portableseat;

for

travelling

box.

Ape,

clappingof bands.
Apere, s. a sign,direction,pattern,token.
amo
By degreesone understands
apere,
s.

Die

"

"

Apetta,

die

li

sign."

s. a part of the dead, remains.

(pa-etta),
of a place in Oyo, the head
of the
Apinni, s. name
priestscalled 'Oje.

Etta

Apixti, s.
n

t/

ykpG,

kind

of drum.

bag, pocket. Ijajeenia

s.

rascal

closes the mouth

di

ko

"

apo," "A

ennu

bag." Ibajeapo
ni ibajeapa, bi apa ba ja,
of
apo aballe, The injury
a
bag is caused by the injuryof the pack-rope: if
the pack-rope breaks,the bag will
go down."
Apo, s. a quiver.
Apo-agadagodo, s. a kind of leathern bag like a scrip.
never

of his

"

"

Apo-agbado, Awo-agbado,

Apo-isana,5.

or

of

stack

corn.

bag containingfire
flint-bag,

the chief of the archers.

piece (of cloth),pod (of fruit). Apopo

Apopo
a
pod of
piece of velvet
obi, a

s.

"

ARAN,

"

kola

nuts.

Aporo,

s.

Aporo,

s.

shock

the tinder and

apparatus.
Apofin, Aporiki,
Apopo,

s.

antidote

s.

Apoti, 5.

beds

between

walk

in

farm

or

garden.

againstpoisonousarrows.

bench, stool,box.

Apoti-itisse,s.

footstool.

Apo-ju, Ipo-ju,Opo-ju,s. the

more

part,the greater part,

abundance, over-abundance.
A

s.

PON,

very

Apon,

s.

Apon, s.
Apon,

s.

fruit of

39

tree

slimy when
an

unmarried

called oro, used for palaversauce,

ground and mixed with water.
man

; a

adj. restlessness
doing.

or

bird with

Apon-obiri,s.
"

woman

widower.

busy here

and

ways
there, al-

red beak.
who

has weaned

an

infant.

ARA

Ara,

limb, kind.

boch^ member,

5.

belongsto its kind."

hy da, v.?/.
kRxfolloivcd
mi

Ara

"

da, " I

blame

(ofany

It is also
da

used

Ara

Gbekan,

Ara

Ara,

mi

gbekan,

Ara,

ko ri
bird.

s.

the bird

Ara,

s.

;" "

recover

clear

am

mase

(toa

"

see

person or place).
relative."
my

eiye ti ijeara,

pa

pains.

feels sore."

I do not

"

or

"Do

not

kill

called ara."
"

send

to

kuku

si mi

ranse

rara

at all ?"

me

thunder.

loud

very

K6

all.

at

he not

Does

mi,

E'

"

to be clear.

recover,

to feel soreness

v. w.

My body

"

ara

Ara, Rara, adv.

"

;" ^'

kindred
relative,relation,

s.

Emi

"

well

am

well,to

"This

m,

re

lit.my body is clear.

responsibility),"
to express
disappointment,as Ara
expectation,
disappointed;""Your

or

are
'9,"You
hope, fails."

or

to be

Ara

"

"

Ara

"

san

wa,

It thunders

loud."

Ara,

fashion,custom, form

5.

eyi?

ki li

Ara

"What

of journeys.
repetition

"

is this?"

fashion

Oniruru

"

alarabara," Of various kinds, (or,fashions)." Eyi li

"

[/

di

Ara-nfu,

This

"

kejiwa,

ara

to be

uneasy
be suspicious.Ase
X).

"

ara

ifu bi enni

secret

action

abi
a

(when

he

uneasy,

as

Araba,

sees

one

the

s.

gbake,

"

the handle

under

"

"

He

who

Araba

an

nla

largearaba

receives

and

together."

the

axe

on

done, to
li ambawi,

(hascommitted)
be
himself
to
spoken of
being
conversingtogether),

ohun,

tree.

bi

se

persons
who has committed

cotton

journey."

of wrong

sense

ikoko

oran

supposes

second

our

offence."
omm9

(intoits

agberu
substance)

agballe,o kun
arabi, When
(the insect)agballeis overpowered,
there remains
only the power of (theinsect)arabi
always
(to be conquered)." These two insects are

Arabi,

[^'

se

is

kind

s. a

of insect.

"

found
40

together.

"

'O

bo

lowo

ARA

Ara-binri,Arabiri (ara-obiri),
5. a female
relative,sister.
female relative on the mother's side.
ARA-BiNRi-iYEKAN,5.a

\^

the ftither's
side.
a female relative on
Ara-binri-obbakan,5.
Araiyara
s. natural
(ara-eyi-ara),
body, material body,
the body itself.
Araiye
s. the people of the world, mankind.
(ara-aiye),
scribed
Araiye abi oju pete, "Mankind
presents a circum(lit.
countenance)."(A proverb
appearance
expressingthe limited nature of human
things.)
"

Arajo

traveller.
(re-ajo),5.

Ara-konri, 5.

male

ARAK9NR1-1YEKAN,5.

relative,brother.
male

Arakonri-obbakan, s.
Aralle

relative

male

5. he
(ara-ille),

relative

who

the mother's

on

side.

the father's side.

on

belongsto

house

family,

or

inmate.

an

Arallu

s. countryman,
( illu),

Arallu

country.
"

Aramori

Aran,

inhabitant

"

mi

ni,

s. a
(ra-mo-ori),

velvet.

s.

"

Aran

ni

is my

He

"

kind

town

or

countryman."

of close

ipari oso,

of

country
"

Velvet

cap.

gives

finish to dress."

J/ Aran,

decay

s.

Babba

nse

of mental

aran,

"

The

faculties

through old

father's mind

age.

"

wanders."

in children.
Aran, s. worms
Aranbatta, Onibatta
s. shoemaker.
(ran-batta),
Aranilowo

assistant.
s. helper,
(ran-enia-li-ow9),
Aran-kan, s. malice,malignity.
infectious.
Aran-mu, s. catching,

Aratubu,
Aran-se,
Aranso
[^

s.
5.

prisoner.
communication

s. a
(ran-aso),

Aran-wu,

Iranwu,

of

things,help.

tailor.

spinner. Bi ojumo mo, olowo

gbe owo, iranwu agbe kekke, ajagun agbe apata,
iwonso abere gbe assa, agbe ajiti on ti aruko, ommo
the day dawns,
When
9dde ajiti apo ti 9ron,
every
trader to his trade, the spinnertakes her spindle,
the warrior his shield,
the weaver
stoops to his batten,
s.

"

"

"

41

ARA
the farmer

arises with

his bow."

(i.e.

Arara, Rara, adv.

"

It does

Arara,

.?.

his

hoe, and

the hunter

person should be
all,in the least.

No
at

"

idle.)
Ko

not

appear
diminutive
person,

It is you who hurt

On
j^^'on.third pers. sing.
"

li o

I wo

se

yourself."
li

se

arare,

"

It is he

injuredhimself."

who

Arawo,
Are,

rara,

dwarf.
"

Arare,

han

at all."

one's self.
Arare, pron. second j7ers.sing,
self,
arare,

takes

bird.

carnivorous

6-. a

the
eldership,

state of

principal,
beingolder; chief,
first in rank.
Mo se are iwo, "lam
older than you."
Are, s. fatigue,
weakness.
Are mu
mi, I am
weary."
the side of.
on
Are, ,9. rightin dispute,
justice
Arekakanfo
s. the
(kakan-fo),
generalof the army.
double dealing,
Arekereke, s. dishonesty,
unfairness^pers.

"

"

"

verseness.

Arekunda,

s.

deceit.
the

(are-ommo),s.

Aremo

eldest

child,whether

male

or

female.
Arenije

s. a cheater.
(re-enia-je),
stillness.
Arere, s. perfectsilence,
Areregbosun
s. a
(rere-gba-osun),

small

bird

with

red

beauty,comely

son.
per-

feathers.
X

(re-ewa),s.

Arewa

Enniti

"

ries

Ari,

fe

who

sees

of

person
arewa

or

fe

iyonnu, "He

who

mar-

trouble."

beauty marries

a
one

s.

finds.

Aridiji, s. fright,
terror, apparition.

thingvery hot. Denge tutu lehin ino re

"
face
gbona bi arifi,
Though the pap is cold on the sur{lit.
back),yet the inside is very hot."
Ariiiun-gbogbo, or Aroiiun-gbogbo
(ri-ohun),
adj.allseeing.

Arifi, 5.

any

Arin,

the

s.

Arinjo
42

"

middle,

centre.

s. dancer.
(rin-jo),

ARI

Arin-k6, s.
Ariwo,

time.

exact

noise,uproar.

s.

merriment.
s. joy,gladness,
(ri-ya),
Aro ni idena orisa,
Aro, s. one having a withered limb.
The aro is the porter at the gate (a stationary
vant)
serness.
to the gods." (Cf.
Milton's Sonnet on his blindwho only stand and wait.")
They also serve
is to you
The matter
Ejo ba 9 bi oran ikunle ba aro,
of withered limbs."
what the task of kneelingis to one
Aro, s. smith's profession.
Aro, s. a kind of calabash used for a quiverby hunters.
Aro, s. a small bird with glossyblue feathers.

Ariva,

(X

chance

Ariyo

"

"

"

"

"

"

Aro,

blue

s.

dye.

to children.
restlessness;appliedchiefly
playfulness,
or
lumps
; three stones
l^ Aro, s. the hearth, fire-place
Aro ki
of clayused to support a vessel over
a fire.

A Ro,s.

"

iru

ki

eru

Aro,

Abba,

in the

Arobo,

s.

"

The

aro

does

not

always

of

inverted.

funnel

petty trade.

Aroje, s. a placeof refreshment,a market-placeon

road, where travellers halt.
Arokan

5.
(ro-kan),

Arokin,

s.

or

head

5.

servant

last
an

tells ancient

or

of

stories.

farm, a

farmer.

latter rain.

inheritance.

s. great-grandparents.
(ri-omm9-bi-ommo),

Aromobimo

Aron,

overseer

s. the
(ro-kuro),
s. heir to
(r9-ille),

Arolle

who

the

painfuloccurrences.

reflection upon

one
traditionist,

Aroko, s.the
Arokuro

bear

will be

shape

s.

so,

(sooneror later)."
put down
storehouse, barn, garner ; a granary built

; it

its load

ma

sickness,disease.

ophthalmia.
Aroni, s. a fairy,an elf supposed to have but one leg.
s.
a
bargain,an
(ro-si-ille),
Arosille, Ajoso, Asotelle
understood
thing.
complaint,excuse,
talk, explanation,
Aro-ye, s. much
Aron-oju,

s.

reasoning.
43

ARU
sacrifice.
acceptable,
propitiatory
Arufin
s. transgressorof the law.
(ru-ofin"),
old person.
Arugbo
s. an
(ru-gbo),
Arugborugbo, adj.very old,full of days,aged.
of a hoe.
s. handle
Aruko, Ako (eru-oko),
Arukon
(ru-kon),s. rising to fulness,as water
well ; fulness,a full or perfectsacrifice.
Arun, adj.five.

Aruda,

5.

s. a shrub
(run-je-eran),

Arunjeran,
for

one

s.

medicine

It bears black
berries,not
eyes.
has short thorns on the stem.

Arun-odun,
ko

as

eatable,

sore

and

Arupe,

used

in

May, the fifth month of the year.

adj.dwarf, short,equal in height. Eiyelle
s.

or

"

kiki arupe,
have no
The
pigeon-tribe
them) of a high stature,but they(areall)
"

li agogo

(among

dwarfs."

Asakani-ille,
Asase,
AsAsiN

Alase

the square of
s. cook.
(se-ase),
s.

s. an
(sa-sin),

father to live with

house;

unsteady person
and

square.

who

forsakes his

another.

serve

AsE, AisE, s. largedoor, door.

AsE, IsE,IsASE,s. feast,dinner

the act of

cooking.

Osu
Some
call it Ese.
u
paint,colour.
li ese,
You
paint,or colour, it."
A.SE-ALLE,s. supper, feast made in the evening.
AsE-iJO,s. feast for an assembly.
AsE-iYAWo, s. wedding feast.
AsE-ossAN, s. dinner,feast made in the daytime.
AsENJE
s. a cook.
(se-onje),
AsENo
woman.
s. barren
(se-ino),
AsEPON
s. barren
woman
(se-pon),
(used when speaking
contemptuously).
AsiKi,s. luck ; good luck, success.
of
to the messengers
s. presents made
AsiNGBA(sin-gba),
the king,which
he carries back
to his sovereign
;
the custom
of passingon presents from town
to town.

AsE, or AsE,
"

44

s.

"

ASS

he arrests
when
a
man
or
justice,
tipstaff,
neglectsto pay the king'stax ; a shield.
AssAN, s. vanity,emptiness.
AssE, s. a small basket made for straining.
silver platingwith
AsuBo
s. gildingor
(su-bo),

who

of

another

metal

AsuNwoN,
for

s.

is covered.

shrub

; a

Asa,

s.

fashion,custom.

Asa,

s.

small

hawk

li adire

for their

noted

are

ko

Asa

"

of birds."

Nufi

ni

Tapa eiye,
(The Tapa or
"

ohun

mo

ti

se,

chicken, will not

my
that it has done (wrong.)"

The
Nufi

gbe

"

hawk, having caught

it knows

serves

swiftness.)Asa

nitori ti

duro

which
strings,

called.

so

of hawk.

kind

is the

people

with

bag, closed

small

purse

which

"

mi

The

cause
stay,be-

beggar.
Asa-enia, s. vagabond.
Asa-ju
leader.
s. forerunner,
(se-iwaju),
AsAGBE, Alagbe,

s.

fashion.

s. old
(asa-lai-lai),

AsALAiLAi

land.
s. barren
(sa-ille),
ground, worn-out
AsALLE, s. evening,dusk, afternoon,twilight.
meat.
or
AsAN, s. plainvegetablediet,without sauce
Asan
ni mo
je sun lanna, I ate asan last night."
Asalle

"

"

i\sAPA,s.
of

hard-wood

rich

charcoal
in

the

over

corpse
Joists,roofs, rafters,
posts, and

person.
made
are

canopy

of this tree ; the leaves

are

used

curing the small-pox,

AsARA,

tobacco, snuff.

s.

AsARo,
AsATi

tree ;

s.

porridge.
that

s.
(sa-ti),

AsATi-AGBADo,

s.

s.
(sa-wi),

AsAwi
se

are,

"

a
a

which

shock

is
of

put aside,set

nought.

corn.

selection of words.

one-sided

at

statement

Asawi

"

of

case

eJ9ennikan
words
{lit.

dispute)always appears right."

AsAYA, s. a jest,
joke. Asaya ki ijeki ommo
oya ki 9
gbon, (The dog) playingwith the young hedgehog
selected

in

"

"

46

ASA

it off its guard (lit.

does not suffer it to be

throws

j^SAYAN,5.athingselected from the

AsE,

s.

the

wise)."
rest,pickedout,chosen.

menses.

coming to pass ; law, commandment

effect ; imprecation.
AsE-HAN, s. a thingdone for show, a pretence.
AsE,

s.

AsE-Ju,

extravagant action.

an

s.

virtue

AsE-KAN,

s. a

AsE-KUN,

s.

final

action,a winding-up.

unfinished

remains

work, that which

yet

to

be done.

AsE-SA, s. disgrace.
AsE-TAN, s. perfection,
completion.

thingnot completed,not broughtto perfection.

obstinate
selfAsE-TiNO-ENNi
s.
an
a
(se-ti-iuo),
man,
AsE-Ti,s.

willed

person.
AsEHiNDENi

AsEHiNDE,

in his

another

s.
(se-ehiu-de),

absence, an

olojuko jo oju enni,

like

eye is not
numerous."

ko

acts

overseer.

"Another's

wopo,

I thank

"

for

Oju

"

(faithful)
agents

own

asehinde,

ku

"

agent, an

asehindeni

one's

who

one

are

for

you

not

acting

absence."

in my

dissembler, hypocrite,
s.
a
(so-eiye-sc-ate),

AsEiYESATE

double

dealer.
who

(sc-eunu ),5.a spokesman,one

AsENNU-ENNi

"

speaks

for another.

AsESE-KosE,

Asi-Ri,s.

secret.

s. pistol. Asisori
(se-ori),

Asi-soRi

"

cannon

ko ni ikun

pistolhas

has

not

asiwere

jo

for the

hands
fool."
"

fool

Asiwere

grandmother was

li
a

to
o

dance
bi

fool."

is

bi

agba,

bore

like

(at his
Enniti

"

asiwere, 9kan,

on

not

money

(se-iwere),s. fool,madman.

AsiwERE

47

"

9l9ro,

poor man
the rich."

;
as

fun

bi

lowo

otosi ko
a

beginning,commencement.

s.

"

no

iya obbo,

He

mand)
com-

nsape

who

claps
the

better

than

"The

monkey's

ASO

Aso,

peevishperson

morose,

s.

Aso-ENiA,

look.

sour

obstinate

headstrong

s.

easily

not

person,

overcome.

elephantfeedingsingly.
left in charge of
s. one
(se-oju-enni),
during his absence.

Aso-ERiN, s.
Asoju-ENNi
affairs

an

another's

s. benefactor.
(se-ore),

AsoRE

AsoRiN, Igginla, s. the

babba iggi,"Asorin
"Asorin

da osusu,

of

Asorin
very largetree.
Asorin ko
is the father of trees."

name

"

"

trees

form

never

asorin tree commands

Olodo, " The

is

that
superstition

at

distance.

grove."

Asorin

the brook."

There

"

begins to
cut the asorin tree he is chased
by the spiritthat
dwells in it. The woodman
accordingly
drops palmoil on
the ground, that the spiritmay
lick it up
whilst he makes
This tree is worshipped
his escape.

AsoRo,

as

ni

(se-owo),s.

cloth, clothes.

s.

who

one

lently
acts vio-

provocation.

Isowo

Asowo,

one

any

pointedknife.

s.

upon

Aso,

soon

(se-oro),s. troubler,tormentor,

AsoRo

as

Aso

"

iballe," Cloth

trader.

has

lowo

lekanna, enia ko

ko

hands,
length,(lit.

the

si

sure
mea-

(has
being by hands) but no fingers; so a man
hands, but) no flowingtrain (likethe cloth)."
Aso-DUDU,

s.

Aso-ETTU,

s.

black

cloth,blue cloth.

check

cloth,so

in imitation

Aso-iRON,

of the

called

(wo-iUc)

s.

cloth

or

clothes

in

use.

Aso-ojo,

s.

cloth used

Aso-oso,

s.

dressingcloth,robe.

Aso-TALLA,

s.

as

defence

muslin,calico,white

from

s.

small bird

which

feeds

the

rain,cloak.

of

town.

cloth.

s. magistrate,
(s9-illu),
manager

'48

being made

feathers.
guinea-fowl's

Aso-iYiLLE

common

Asoso,

its

hair cloth.

s.

Aso-iwoLLE,

AsoLLu

from

on

a-

figs.

ASO
AsoTTE

s. a revolter,
a revolutionist.
(se-otte),
(su-kan),(alsocalled Moimoi), s.

AsuKAN

kind

of

cake.

Ata,

s.

thingpungent

any

Ataba, A.DABA,s.

pepper.
See Adaba.

dove.

Ataba-Orenkere,

s. a

of wild

kind

pigeon,stripedon

the

neck.

"Ataba-susu,
s. a

larin

kind of dove.
Fearless

"

asa,

Ko

"

of

ka iku ataba-susu

death, the

ti ije

pigeon feeds
jo ataba-susu

ijoti ina ba
ni il9larin igbe,bi ina ba palo,elebu ama
ire ebu,
When
from
the bush is on fire,the pigeon removes
the grass-field
the flame is extinguished,
when
; and

amongst the hawks."

Ni

"

"

every

to his home."

returns

one

Ataba-gbegbe,s.

of wild

kind

pigeon.

a whitlow.
finger-nail,
from
world
to
Ataiyeraiye
adv. {lit.
(ti-aiye-re-aiye),
world),everlasting.
beast of every kind.
"Atajateran
s. cattle,
(ti-aja-ati-eran),
Atampako, s. the thumb.
A.tampako ko se ijurepkancannot
kan, The thumb
pointstraightforward."
who
Atamora
entangleshimself with
s. one
(ta-m9-ara),
things; a man
fullyarmed.
many
atan
Atan, Akitan (ki-tan),
a
s.
dunghill. Agbasi mu
gele, Continual sweepingsmake a high dunghill."

Atafo,

s.

tumour

the

on

"

"

"

"

Atan,

s.

Atano

fish

which

or

meat

from

is dried.

yesterday

now.

(ta-no),
adj.cast off,useless.

'Atanroko,

s.

disease in fowls

part. ^tanroko
"

with
^

on

adv.
(ati-anna-m9-anna),

Atannamanna
until

scaffold

small

atarere

Atari,

s.

Ate,

49

adire

mi,

"

My fowl

is infected

atanroko."

Atarere,5.

s.

mu

swells their back

which

kind

is

never

the

"

of the head.

crown

beaver

of pepper.
Atarere
used in sauce."

or

black

hat.
H

ew9

9bbe,"The

:ate

Ate, 5.

birdlime.

of

is the death

Ate,

5.

ate

^Ate

"

eiyeku,

peiye mu

"

The

birdlime

bird."

reproach.
disgrace,
insipidity,
flatness,
lu mi,
They disgraceme."
"

bii

Nwon

"

Atete, adj.that which

is

first,
prior. (Always used

as

prefix).
Atete-ba,

Atete-bi, Akobi,

s.

outer
first,
frontier,

of

beginning,the

which

in

rank,next

follows.

s. a hump
(te-li-ehin),

Ateleiiin

the

s.

thing.
adj.a thingnext in order,next

commencement

Ate-le, s. or
born, that

court.

first-born.

Atete-se, Ipille-se,

Atete-kose,

or

crooked

back.

outer
Isabotti, s. a threshold,
( bo-si),
the
sole of the foot.
s.
(te-ille-esse),

Atellebosi

is met

that which

5.

"

Atellesse

"

lesse ni

"

ijeegbin onna,

to all the

"^Atellewo (

The

court.

Atel-

sole of the foot is

posed
ex-

filth of the road."

Atellewo
palm of the hand.
deceives
ki itan 'ni je, The palm of the hand
never
one,"denotingthe safetyof a thingin hand.
Apamora
Atemora
s. patience,
(te-mo-ara),
(pa-mo-ara),
long-suffering.
AtewogbX
(te-owo),
adj.acceptable,
propitiatory.
Ati, s. purpose, intention,conception.(Frequentlyused
in compositionwith verbs,as a formative
prefixfor
See Ati-ko,"c.)
substantives.
Ati, adj.both; conj.and, likewise; p*"?p. from.
shelf.
to such
as
Atibaba, s. scaffold,
(Applied chiefly
"

9W0), s.

the

"

"

fish and

meat

are

dried

on

over

Atibabbadebabba, adv. from father

Ati-bo,s. a coming, returning.
Ati-de, s.

an

fire.)
to father.

arrival,coming.

Ati-gba,s. reception.
Atijeffawa
Atijarunwa
Atijedogunwa
50

six days ago.

(ati-ijo-effa-wa),rtc?i5.
adv. five days ago.
(ati-ijo-marun-wa),
),adv. fifteen days ago.
( medogun
"

"

ATI

Atijejilawa

niejila ),adv.

(
"

Atijerinwa

"

erin

(
"

Atijerinlawa

(
"

Atijettawa

"

twelve

days ago.

), adv. four days ago.

erin-la

fourteen

),adv.

"

),adv.

days ago.

three

days ago.
Atijettalawa
adv. thirteen days ago.
( etta-la),
ATrjEJ9WA ( ijo-mejo ),adv. eight days ago.
Atijokanlawa
( mokanla
),adv. eleven days ago.
Atijewa
( iJ9-me ),adv. ten days ago.
Atijejewa
( ijo-meje ),adv. seven
days ago.
Atijessanwa
( messan
),adv. nine days ago.
Atijo ( ojo),
adv. of old time, long ago.
ing.
Ati-ko, s. the process of teaching;the process of buildetta

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

Ati-la,

salvation,the

s.

act

of

being

saved

the

act

of

gettingrich.
Atillende

s. a
(nti-ille-nde),
youth,justarrivingat
age of puberty.
Ati-lo,s. departure,the act of going.
Ati-ni,s. attainment,possession.
Atioro, s. tassel ; bird ; plant.
Ati-pillese
s. beginning.
(pa-ille),
Atipo, s. resident,sojourner.
Atisinsin-yi-lo
adv. henceforth.
(ati-isinsin),
Ati-wa, s. the act of coming.
the east.
Atiwa-ojo, 5. sun-rising,
Atiwo-orun, s. the west.
[Haussa: Yama.)

the

Ati-se, s. action.
adv. all day long. (Used in
(ati-oni-mo-oni),
or
distress,to denote the lengthof
difficulty

Atonimoni

of

cases

time

they occupy.)
Aton-wa, s. a returning.
Atori,

s. a

tree

very

remarkable

for its

used
elasticity,

for bows.

AT9RUNWA
heaven

x\toto,
51

s.

adj. heavenly,proceeding from

(ati-orun),
; untainted.
; original
used by the public crier to
noise ; the word

A TO

enforce

silence,when
Atoto

"

"

A.TO,s. that

which

heals

fractured

necked

to deliver

tion
proclama-

"

about

makes

medicine

straight
; a

bone

limb

or

kind

which

of

long-

calabash.
adv.
(atiojo-mo-ojo),

Atojomojo

long

atojomoio ko

le isini li eti bi

story does

open

not

the

ear

as

time

Oro

"

titton," An

oro

ago.

new

old

does."

one

s. superintendent.
(to-oju),
Atokun
s. leader,
(to-okun),
guide.
Atokko
helmsman.
s. pilot,
(to-okk9),
Atommodommo
(ati-ommp-de-ommo),adv.

Atojuenni

to

children's

children.

Aton-bi, s. regeneration.

regeneration.
of behaviour; a
a repetition
Aton-iiu,5.
walks
who
Atonna
one
s.
^(to-onna),
Aton-da,

s.

spy ; watchman.
that
Atowowa
s.
(ati-owo-wa),

Atta,

ridge which

the

s.
s.

shootingout.

about

which

the

road

originatesfrom

self; personalaction.

one's

Atta,

fresh

resinous

the

covers

top of the roof.

splitand

tree, commonly

used

for

torches.

Atte,

s.

fan to winnow

(tu-okko),s.

Atuko

Atubo-se,

s.

corn.

bringsany thingto

termination.
"

Aton-:SE,s,

"

God

Ki olorun

ki

completion.
fu ni li atu-

happy end !"

from the Mahommedans.)
restoration,repairs.

May
b9tan rere,
expressionborrowed
Atun-se,

or

sailor.

that which

s.

Atubo-tan,

rice

give us

AwA, pers. pron. we.

iVwADA, 6". jest,
joke.
Awa-mu,
AwA-NA,

AwA-No,

s.

adherence, attachment.

pers. pron.
,v. a

we

ourselves.

waster, waste.

AwA-Ti-KARA-WA, pers. pron.

52

we

of

our

own

selves.

(An

AWO

Awo-OBBE,

Awo-oMiTORo,

AWO-GBORO,

AWO-OKKO,

hawk.

s.

soup-platc.

s. bason
(oni-9mmo-ori),

Awo-oLOMMORi

AwoDi,

s.

nra

cover.

AWO-POKKO,

AwO-OGBON,

^A.wodi

"

with

ino ahidire

disll.

S.

baje,"When

the

of the fowls
(over the yard) the owner
uneasy.":Li oju awodi ki ako adire re apatta,
hovers

hawk
feels
"No

"

fowls

would

one

the

sightof

has

eyes that

expose
hawk."

Awodi

"

can

top of

the

on

"

olojuina,

rock

in

awodi

The

bear the fire."

s. glass,
looking-glass.
(wo-ji-ijin),
s. spectacles.
AwojuiN-oJu,
Aw OKO, s. colic,spleen.
Mo
kon igba lalle mo
kon
AwoKo, s. the mock-bird.
ki mto
fi ayindayinda
igba li oro mo kon igbali ossan
lu u,
I sang 200 songs in the morning,200 at noon,
and 200 in the afternoon
(saysthe mock-bird, " as
besides many
frolicsome notes (for
my ordinarytask),

Aw^ojuiN

"

"

"

my

amusement)."

own

( wo-ille ),s. a fabricated rumour.

woNi
Alake-si,s. a visitor.
(wo-enni),
Awo-RAN, s. picture,
image, likeness. Bi aba gbe

AwoLLEiiu

oRO

"

"

awo-

"

ran,

aki isa ima

fi,owe

re

te

image may be made, it

stand upon."
a\ a small
AwoROJOBi
( ^je-obi),
an

must

"

Awo-se,

s.

Awo-TAN,

s.

perfectcure,

Awo-VE

Awo,s.

hide, skin,leather.

"

^Aw^o,s.

However

have

well

something to

bird.

pattern.

gbogbo, He
Alore
(wo-oye),

won

nkan,

"

colour

cures

entire
them

healing.
"

se

awotan

all."

s. a
(enni-ore),

outward

appearance

looker

out,

spy.

tude,
likeness,simili-

image.
Awo-wiLiKi,

leather ; unwrought leather.

very coarse
about the waist.
worn
6'. leather

Aw^o-sANMAj

s.

Awo-PALA,

Awo-TUTU,
54

s.

s.

the clouds.

raw

hide.

AWO

AwoiiiN

(wo-ebin),s. hump

AwoN,

land

s.

back.

crooked

tortoise;greediness;
a miser; adj.
sparing,

scanty, parsimonious. Eje aw9n

{/

"

blood

The

tortoise

may

ya yo ta ni
call at the house

who

will call at the house

os9n9

of the

kon

ko

"

is not

handful."

of

miser

to salute him

lUe aw9n
ko gba aw9n, 9dedde aw9n
ko ille oyo 9dde ni ibadi, " The
aw9n

having

built its

part of the
AwoN

OKUN,

accommodate

sea

gba olojo,
of the

house

of

verandah

guest; the tortoise

house, makes

shell that

s.

ko

the
largeenough for itself,

tortoise wall not

lile

"

ki aw9n, " One

ya ille aw9n
of the liberal and be filled,
(but)

"

tortoise is not

H own,

je

ni

the verandah

(i.e.

the

it."

overlapsthe tail)behind

turtle.

Aw^oN, pers. pron. they.

AwoN, Ahon, s. the tongue.
'AwoN,

s.

net.

AwoN-EKUN,

severe
hairy plant,whose touch causes
pard's
itching so called from its being rough,like a leoused
tongue ; also, a very watery plant,much
by thirstyhunters, who cut it asunder and drink the
s.

"

sap.
AwoNNiwoNNi

s. a
Cvv9-enni),

called Awonwon;
To-Lo
a

pers. pron.

AwoN-so,

s.

water

for

s.

well-worked
of

s.

the midst

Awuju,
Aya, s.

s.

confusion.

s.

a
a

When

leather

soft leather.

assembly.

an

wife.
kind
a

monkey. Aya be
monkey jumps down
of

jumps into the

be caught.
55

they themselves.

weaver.

Awujo,

"

be able to live without

supposed to

long time.

Awo-RiRUN,

1/

Aiianhan;

AwoN-NA,

Aya,

of guana ; otherwise
Alegba
Ale; Alegba

kind

"

house

sille 9 be
from
the

(ofhis pursuer);"Le.

si sille,

tree, he
is

sure

to

AYA

s.
(aya-obba),

AvABHA

queen,

king'swife.

Ayamo-pe, Ayamo-bi, C071J.

otherwise,unless.

Bi

"

babba

emi
ko so otito, " Unless
ayammope
father has come
1 have not spoken the truth."

ba

ko

Ayan,

s.

de

tree, from

which

of

club

the

my

Sango (thegod

is made
lightning)
; the cockroach.
Ayan ko gba edon, The Ayan tree resists an axe."
smell.
O
Ayan, s. inquisitiveness
; stench, ofTensive
of thunder

and

"

"

"

It stinks."

"

nsayan,

Ayan-fe, s. or adj.a friend,one

chosen,beloved.

selected

the rest,

among

inferior.
to an
threatening
Ayan-je, Iyan-je, s. cheat,imposition.
done to order.
Ayan-se, s. any thingdone specially,
Aya-sebi,conj.unless,except, otherwise.
Aye-agba, chief room, seat of the
Aye, s. room, space.

Ayanga,

5.

word

of rebuke

or

elder.

Aye, Awe,

breadth

s.

of cloth.

Aye, adj.alive, living,

quick.
full conception.
Aye-tan, s. perfectunderstanding,
Ayi-da, s. a change ; round of time ; next season
; year.
Ayida-yida, s. much
talk,chattering.
Ayi-ka, s. a surrounding; circle ; halo.
A YIN, s. a very hard tree with oilysap.
Ayin,

of bamboo.

made

mats

s.

bamboo

Ille

house

ayin,

of

mats.

Ayinrin,s. lightblue.
Ayinuin,

s.

small

animal

like

fox, which

the

catches

fowls.

Ayo, 5.

choice

person

or

thing; adj.most beloved,most

valued.

\^y

Ayo, Awo,
"

e,

5.

When

called the warry.

game
the game
is won, it cannot
"

Ayo
be

ki

ijeki aye
disputed."

Ayo, adv. plentifully.

Ayo,

s.

Ayoluwo
56

joy,gladness.
a spy
(yo-illu-wo),s.

sent

to survey

town.

AYO

(aya-ommo),s. the wife of a prince.

Ayoniwo
who
watches
the actions
s. a spy
(y9-enni-wo),
of an individual ; an eaves-dropper.
Ayo-san, s. money
paid for sacrifice.
Ayo-se, s. doinghy stealth ; that which is done by stealth.
ri nko ri abo,
Ayun,5. a going,departure. Ayun ni mo
I saw
the departure,but not
the return."
Kun
be busy here
To
and
'yun kun 'wa bi iko era,
of the ant (era)."
there,like the messenger
Onsonna
fi ayun re iggi, The
Ayun, Avon, s. a saw.
o
Ayommo

"

"

"

"

"

"

artisan

cuts

tree

Ayun-abo, Ayun-awa,

with
s.

saw."

going and returning.

B.

Ba,

v.

a.

ni

Bk

meet, overtake,find

ille,"They

onna,

mi

to

"

You

meet

me

nibe, " They will find

ba mi

lo,

to

a.

Do

"

Ta

"Who
So

li

ba

mi

Awon

"

to

li
oba

"Do
"

K6

Ma

"

se

me."

accompany

advise,
givecounsel.
ro

iru

to

behe'?

oran

in such

YOU

v. n.
(squabble),

bamisomo,

accompany.

iwo

advised

any more."

ba

I wo

road."

not

a.
Ro(consider),v.
"

"

ba mi

there."

me

followedhy Lo (to go),v.

"

the

on

Nwon

place.

home."

at

me

overtook

at

matter?"

quarrelwith.
with
not quarrel
"

ye ki aba

"

so,

Ma
me

It is

with him."
good to be quarrelling
iJ. ;i. to lie with.
(sleep),
(Thisword
should be always used in translating
the Scriptures,
it beinga more
decent
expressionthan Do.)

not

Sun

Tan

to be
v. n.
(connected),
Gbogbo araiyeli 9 ba

"All

mankind

are

related to.
ara

related

"

tan,

won

to

one

another."
Wi

57

(talk),V.
I

a.

to

rebuke,

blame.

"

BA
mi

Babbaba
me."
"

Ba

followedhy Wuo

Ma

"

se

wi,"(My)
ba

ommo

not rebuke

Do

father blamed
wi to

re

child

your

so

behe,

much."

Olorun
xi. a. to judge.
(dispute),
yi oba gbogbo aiyewijo, God shall
"

"

judge the whole world."

Ba, v. a. {primary
idea,to bring into contact with,hence)
be exact ; hit
to sit or alighton
a tree, as
a bird ; fit,
the rightmark
to the point; bespeak ; plait
; come
coarsely{i.e.
bring the grass fibres into contact with
contact
each other); strain through (/.
e. bring into
birds
with) a sieve. Eiye meji ba li ori iggi, Two
the tree."
O ba a patapata, It comes
on
are
sitting
right to the point." Emi ti ba malu na sille, I
have
fu mi,
Plait
Ba
esu
bespoken the cow."
some
esu
lya mba aro, '^(My)mother
grass for me."
is straining
potash."
KAfoIloived
by Je {tvithout
meaning,exceptin comj^osition),
V. a. to corrupt, spoil,
defile,
destroy.
O ba ommo
mi j^, He spoilsmy
tion,
child"
(by indulgence,demoralizabodilyinjury).
"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

LoRUKOJE

the

(ni-oruko,to

to slander.

"

Emi

name),

ba oruko

v.

a.
"

je,

re

will slander

you."
NiNOJE
in or to the mind),v. a. to
(ni-ino,
grieve.^E' ma je ki aba
displease,
babba ninoje,"Don't
let us
grieve
"

father."

our

Ti

miss
w. to fail,
(failure),!?,
a

small distance.

"

The

'Oko
*'The

arrow

ti

mo

stone

bird, missed
Ba,

v.

n.

58

to be

bent

"

which
so

si

Ofa

one's aim
ti

ta ba

by
a

he shot,missed

eiye na

which

threw

ba

ti,
it."

ti,
the

at

it."

inwards, to be bent.

"

Ehin

re

ba,

BA

His

"

back is crooked."

is bent

Ba,

v.

igbe,

"

"

stick

The

little."

to

n.

ba die,

Iggi na

lie close to the

The
"

ground,hide.

thief hides
The

hen

bush."

in the

sits over

"

nino

ba

Ole

"

ba

Adie

le

her

young."
shall,should, would; ought. NiBa, mix. V. (defective),
he goes (lit.
gbatiyio ba lo, emi o fi fu 'o, When
should go) I will give it to you." Emi
ni iba I9,
I ought to have gone." (With the prefix
it assumes
the sense
of
to.")
Ba, aifx. V. (defective),
should, might. IW9 nse behe
re,

omm9

"

"

"

"

"

"

ki emi

ki oba

lo,

'"

You

thus

act

in order

that I

might go."
in composition).
Ba, j'jre^j.
with, against;(frequently
"

Ommo

ba

wa

lo,

won

children

Our

"

went

with

all
Gbogbo W9n mba wa ja, They were
us."
fighting
against
used only in composition.
Ba, (Lat.con); particle
ko ha se e
Emi
Ba, adv. with Ha, (emphatical)
never.
!" IW9 ko je I9 ba,
ba, I did not do it ; no, never
You would
never
go."
them."

^'

"

"

"

"

Baba,

the red

s.

Baba, s.

corn

; copper.

great thing; Baba, s.

in the

"

Guinea

puts a smaller
Babba

"

at home."

"

words

ployed
em-

m9lle,
sight."

Baba bo baba

"

master.
Babba, s. father,

thing;

small

proverb
following

great matter

father is not

out
ko

wa

of

si ni

"
ille,

Our

Father
ataiyeraiye,

Babba

"

everlasting."
of Ifa.
s. a priest
(babba-ni-awo),
babBabba-nla, Babb7\la,s. grandfather.IW9 ko mo
banla wa,
You did not know
our
grandfather."
Babo, s. a tree, the leaf of which is much used in tying
up agidiand kola-nuts.
thwart.
Babuja
v. a. to cross,
(bu-abuja),
Babbalawo

"

"

Bada,

s. a

Ba-de, v.
59

n.

title.
to agree, suit.
"

bade,

"

It agrees ;" " It suits.'"

BAF
there were
s. eunuchs, of whom
(iba-afin),
palace of the King of Yoruba; they are

Bafin, Ibafin
six in the

called Ivveflfa.

Bai, Bayi
Emi

adv. thus, so ; only;no more

; very.
(bi-eyi),
me."
ni iw9 se bai si, Do you act thus towards
"

"

Ille re mbe
Bai, adv. yonder, somewhere, thereabouts.
thereabouts ;" His
nibai, His house is somewhere
house is yonder."
baibai,"The sun shines
Bai-ba\,adv. dimly. Orun nran
"

"

"

"

dimly."
s. a
(ba-le-aga),

Balaga

young
host,landlord.

Balle-ero, s.
The

"

host

coming

man,

Balle

"

to

li o

ero

maturity.
mi

mu

wo,

lodged me."

the ground.
to touch
v. n.
(ba-ille),
Balle
s. governor.
(ba-ille),
of a house ;
Balle
s.
householder, master
(obba-ille),
Balle mi,
husband."
'Agbako si illu
My husband."
there are
no
baje,balle ku ille di ahoro, When
Balle

"

"

"

elders,the
house
Balogun

town

the master

is ruined ; when

dies,the

is desolate."

Ibalogun, 5.
(obba-ni-ogun),

officer.
chief,

war

Balogun-orun, s. a centurion.
s.
Baluwe, Ibaluwe,(ibi-alu-we)
apartment in a
for washing or necessary resort.
Banabana, Benabena, .v. a plant having small

house

leaves

which

fold

which

is used

to

mates
put the in-

of

to

attempting

as

soon

as

the

sets,the

sun

by thieves,as a charm
house
to sleep,
previous

robbery.
Bambam, s. a piece of wood,

powder

of

flattened

for

beatingmud floors,to make

Bans {Eng.),
bans of marriage.
s.
adv. how ? in
Bao, Bawo, (bi-ewo)
ki
"

ase?

How

Baptisi
60

"How

should

we

is it ?"

{Gr.),v.

a.

to

baptize.

on

side,used

one

the foundation

what

act?"

way
"

Bawo

"

solid.

Bawo
li

ni
ori?

BEB

bebbe

Avva

"

Bebbe

ki

help,and
and

Bebe,

bar.

brink

of

entreat

saojbe ki ori

"

awon,

him."

of

"

Beg

with refusals ; ask for

you will meet
will meet
with misers."

Mase

"

We

"

re,

ri okose,

you
brink

s.

loddo

for

alms,

pitor precipice; verge, edge ; shoal,

ni bebe

duro

of the river."

odo, "Do

Bebe

"

stand at the

not

ya, "The

bank
(river's)

is

broken."

"

Bebe-idi, s. rump.
Bebe-oju,

eye-brow.
s. earthen
Bebeyara, (bebe-iyara),
s.

Behe, adv. thus, so.

Beiie-ko,adv.

no,

Behe

neither,nor.

ni, coty.

ki

ise

behe

not

ni ki ise

eyini,
"

ki ise

Beheni

"

emi, behe
Ki

you."

nor

"

It is neither

this

rain-clouds

Bende,
"

fire is

"

s.

are

blow

beautiful

eyi,
"

beleje,djo
yellow; the

"

bolojo, The

ise

ni

that."

nor

thin.
Belebele, adj.flat,elastic,
pliant,
Beleje, adj. beautifully
yellow. Ina pupa
dudu

tification.
for-

so.

is neither

iw9, "It

againsta

ni, " So it is."

^Behe

"

mound

beautiful black."

with

the

fist. -Yio

ki

nibende,

iwo

will box

He

you."
Bebe, v. a. to begin,commence,
stoop.
Bere, adj.low, fiat,not high. Orule
yi here, This
roof is flat." Also used as an impers.
It is flat."
v.,
Bere, adj. even, s. gentle slope; slightelevation,in
Nwon
ille gbogbo pallebere,"They
rows
wo
; level.
levelled the houses all along."
of which
there are vaBere, s. grass used for thatching,
rious
"

"

"

"

kinds

Bere-mene,

Bere-pasi,s.
to
v.
a.
Beri, (be-ori),
ALOLo

opopo,

"

The

to the

kinds

of

behead,

king beheaded

yellowgrass

coarse

"

him

Obba
on

grass.
beri
the

re

Bere-

li

oju

ing
highway lead-

town."

Beru, (ba-eru),
v.
62

fine

s.

a.

to

fear,be afraid of,be daunted.

"

BER
"

beru

Ma

enni

kan,

Fear

"

no

man."

Olorun,

Bern

"

God."

"Fear

v. to be apt to fear,to be timid.

(ba-eru-ki-eru),
and adv. according as, if, although,whether,
Br, conj.
just. Bi behe ba ni, If it be so." Bi babba ti wi li,

Beri^keru

"

"

"

"

se,

awa

As

father has said, so will

(my)

do."

we

"

Bi ko tille fe awa
yi, He isjustcome."
ose, "Though he be not willing,
yet we shall do so."
breed (appliedto mammiferous
mals).
aniBi, V. a. to bear,beget,
Malu mi bi lanna, "My cow
calved yesterday."
^i followedhy Si (towards),
to multiply,
increase,
v. n.
replenish. Glare mbisi,"His riches
Bi

tide ni

"

"

"

"

increase."

Bi,v.

to

a.

ask, question. Obi mi li oran

about

me

"

na,

"

He

asks

that matter."
with a question),
to
v. a.
(ni-ere,
question,
interrogate.Okon-ri na bi
The
mi li ere,
man
questionsme."
Lejo (^ ejo,
judgment),v. rt. to question
a man
a chargebroughtagainst
upon

Bi, followedhy Lere

"

"

"

him.
LoHUN
a

"

person
"

make

Bi

for

( ino,in

Nino

Bi, v.

ohun, voice),
v.

to

a.

reproach

ingratitude.
the inward) v. a.

to vex,

angry.

push violently
; vomit, spew.
followedhy Subu, v. a. to push headlong,overthrow.
a.

fo

Bi-ATi, adv. how.

Ko

"

mi

biati ise, " Teach

me

how

to

do it."

Bi-ATi-N^\^,adv. immediately,instantly
were
{lit.as we
talking). Biatinwi behe li ode, "He came
justas we
"

were

Bi-BAWo

talking."
adv. whereby, in
(bi-bi-ewo),

BiBi, adj.begotten;

BiBO, adj.boiled.

"

5.

Eran

that which

way,

how.

is born.

bibo, " Boiled

BiBU, adj.broiled,by being heated

63

what

meat."

under

hot

ashes

or

BI-E

embers

roof.

s.

Isu

"

patched by inserting
grass ; mended
bibu,"Broiled yam." Ejjabibu,"Broiled
roof

"

fish."
should

say, as if.
(bi-eran-oko),
adj.brutal,like a beast.

if one
Bi-ENNi-PE, conj.
as
BiERANKO

BiKiTA, V.

to

a.

notice,regard. Emi

notice

do not

bikita si won,

ko

"

"

them."

but, except, unless.

Bi-KOSE, Bi-KOSE-PE, Bi-KOSE-Bi,conj.
lo, ki yi ofi fu 'o," Unless I go, he
Bikosepe mo
"

give it to you."
(lit.to
to give place,as in a crowd
BiLA
v. n.
(bi-ila),
push an opening). Bila fu mi, Give placeto me."
Bi-Lu, v. a. to push heavilyagainstanother.
BiNA-BiNA, s. abusive language.
O bino si mi poju,
BiNo
v. n. to vex, be angry.
(bi-ino),
will not

"

"

"

"

He

with me."
angry
be sorry.
to feel grieved,

is very

BiNo-jE, V.

n.

godly.
Bi-OLORUN, adj.godlike,
like
in a semicircle,
Bi-osuMARE, ^6/;.
BiRi, adj.occupying a small space

rainbow

; within

; archlike.

small

pass
com-

(appliedto land). Ille biri, A circumscribed

pieceof land."
Mo
BiRi, adj.occupying an extensive circular space.
ille biri,"I bought a largepieceof ground."
ra
particleusuallyfollowed
BiRiiuRi,adv. very ; (intensive
"'The land
by the v. Su, to be dark). Ille su biribiri,
okunkun
is utterlydark."
biribiri,
Igbo biribiri,
ni yio sette igbo, The forest is very dark ;
okunkun
of the night is
the night is very dark : the darkness
deeper than the darkness of the forest."
BiRiGAMi, s. a square bag or wallet used by travellers and
"

"

"

"

"

"

traders.

place.
(Gr.),s. blasphemy.
and n. to peel,depriveof coveringor

BiRi-KOTO, s.
Blasffmi

Bo, V.

a.

make
64

small

noise like

narrow

he-goat. Joseph
"

bark

bo ille babba

; to

re,

BO

"Joseph strippedhis father's house."

The bark of the tree peels." Ara
peels."

"

"

"

"

Bb,v.n.to
dudu,

be full of
"The

rich
leaves,

Epo iggina bo,

mi bo, My skin

foliage.^Aba

in

ode mi bo

"

banyan-tree in

is full

street

my

of

leaves."

Bode,

custom-house.

s.

the

king who

BojiN, s.

shade.

Obba

"

ni

igba owo

receives

custom,"

Joko

bojin,

"

ni

"

bode,

"

It is

Sit in the shade."

BojiN, Boji (ibi-oji),

s. grave,
place of interment.
Bojuwo, Boju-To
to have
v. a.
an
(bu-oju-wo),
oversight

of,take
"

Take

notice

of at

of my

care

v. a.
(bo-ille),

Bole

confiscate.

house

BoLE-BOLE,
bole

5.

"

yi olo

robber

The

"

confiscator.

house

king
"

Ole

fiscates
con-

bole-

of

reproach appliedto robbers.

adv. if possible.Bole(bi-ole-sc-bi),

term

BoLESEBi, BoLESEPE
sepe

house; rob

enniti 9 se,
of the offender."

thatcher

ejikan

bole

the house

ille fu mi,

Bojuwo

"

for me."

thatch,cover

to

Obba

"

intervals.

"

iba

daraju,

"

If it be

possiblefor

him

to

go, it will be well."

with water.
v. a. to sprinkle
(bu-omi-won),
Bomo
corn.
BoMO, Okabomo, s. white-grainedGuinea
"The
bomo
is conspicuous
(white-grained)
yo larin baba,
baba."
in the midst of the (red-grained)
BoMUBOMU, s. a tree, the leaf of which is pounded, and
BoMiwoN

"

used

to

ferment

Bora,
BoRi

v.

n.

ore

plant is

to

cakes.

akara
to cover

a.
v.
(bo-ori),
bori oda, One
"

milk, as the leaf of the

curdle

body (as with

the

cloth).

IJ9 kan ojo

surpass.
day'srain makes up for many days'

to

overcome,

to

be

"

drought."
BoRi

v.
(bo-ori),

have

n.

the upper

head,

be

superior;

to

; over.

v.
followed63/Je (ba-oruk9),

65

to

hand.

BoRi-GBOGBo, pre}), above

/ BoRVKo

the

a.

to slander.

"

Otta

BOT

enia ni iba oruko

V.

an

who

enemy

slanders

name."

one's

BoTi,

is

He

"

je,

re

to

n.

half-wayopen.
talkatively.Ommode

tear

BoTi-BOTi, adv.

botiboti,
yi nsoro
"This
child prates very much."
'Qrp botiboti ko ye
fun agbalagba, Pratingis unbecoming in an elder."

i^

"

"

"

Bo,

V.

of

to beat

feed,maintain,support ;

to

a.

house

wash

the mud

floor

slightly.B9JU (bo-oju)v. to
the body.
wash
the face.
to wash
Bora
v.
(bo-ara),
Bo, V. n. to drop, as a leaf or fruit from a tree ; drop
fall from a loft ; slip; to fail in carryingout one's
or
point. Awo bo lowo mi, The plate sliptfrom my
hand."
Ewe
the
bo lori iggi,"A leaf drops from
Ommo
kan
bo si kanga, A child fell into
tree."
a

to

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

the well."

'Oran

"

bo

na

lowo

mi,

"

I failed

in that

dropped from me). (This

is not applied to dropping of liquid.)
word
Bo, V. a. to take off any thing suspended looselyon a
pin or on the body. Bo aso si ille loriekan,"Take
from
the peg." O bo aso lara mi,
the clothes down
business

(lit.that

matter

"

"

"

took

He
a.

to adore

Awon

Keferi

Bo,

V.

clothes."

off my
; to
ama

worship false deities by sacrifices.

bo iggi bo okuta, "The
Gentiles
"

and

worship wood

stone."

Bofolloived hy Laso,
Do

"

stripme
BoLOWo
v.
(bo-ni-owo),
(theenemy's)hand.
escaped the hand of
not

"

Bo,

V.

a.

to insert ;

hands.
Bo

"

"

Bo,

V.

"

sokoto

Shake
n.

Bo

my

of my

"

bp

mi

laso,

get free from

enia buburu, "You
or

escape

bolowo

I wo

se

clothes."

to

n.

Ma

strip.

to

a.

v.

the wicked."

pierce ;

gbogbo

eran

re, "Put

on

boil

put

na,

"

on

trowsers

all the

Boil

trowsers."

your

"

meat."

mi

Bo

shake

lowo,

hand."

to return.

"

x\won

ero

bo

lanna,

"

returned

yesterday."
to wash
V. n.
Boju, (bo-oju),

The

caravan

'
.

the

face.

"

Bi

ko

se

ob9n

BOK

ibajilo

enia,ta

ni

would

awake

face,unless
BoKiNNi,

s.

in
he

ki 9

oro

boju re mo sasa, "Who

morning without washing his
dirtyperson T'

the

were

neat, decent

ma

person.

to respect honour, regard. Bolla

V. a.
(bu-olla),
ni babba
enni, Respect the elders ;
agba,awon

BoLLA

"

fun

"

they are

fathers."

our

(used of intense blackness). ^"Ojo

BoLOJo, adv. beautifully
"

rain-clouds

bolojo,"The

dudu

are

beautifully
jet

black."

BoNNi,

speciesof

s.

v.
(bo-ara),

Bora

acacia

used

to wash

n.

by tanners.
body slightly
; to strip

the

body of clothes, Emi nlo ibora li odo, I

going to wash myselfin the brook."
Boro, adv. soon, immediately. K6 de boro, It does
"

the

"

"

"

am

not

soon."

come

wasteful
adj.profligate,

Borukonu,
Bosi,'y.

to

a.

enter.

stupid.
drop into)the
ille, Enter {Jit.

Bosi

"

"

house."

BowA,

V.

to

n.

onward

come

towards

move

one.

(bo-owo),V. n. to shake hands together.

Bowo
V. a. to regard,
(bu-owo),
pay respect to, honour.
Gbogbo illu li o bpwo fun wa ni ille yi, All people
Bowp

"

"

respect us."

in this town

adv. perhaps,peradventure. Boya

(bi-oya),
Ilorin ki nto pada si ehin,
Perhaps I may

BoYA

"

ma

"

Ilorin before

Bu,

v.

bu

Mo

"

BujV.w. to
Bu,
Bu,

V.

a.

rot

to

some

i^7

nino

metta

the hot

under

abuse, censure

hot

ashes

gbigbona,

eru

embers.

or
"

I baked

ashes."

by mouldering,spoilthrough damp, decay.

cry ; to send out

out
V. a. to take

thingin

under

bake

or

isu

three yams

reach

I return."

to broil

a.

de

a
a

mass).

water

"

to

; v. n.

to burst

out

into

stinkingsavour.
of water, rice,
portion{e.g.
or
Bu

omi

drink."

"

fun mi
Bu

ki nmo,

agbado

fun

"

Give
esin

loud

any
me

wa,

BtJ
Fetch

"

some

for the horse."

corn

Bii isu die

"

fun

for this child."

yi, Cut some
yam
to pour upon;
followedby Lu(beat),BuLU,'y.".
ply
suplargely; blow upon vehemently;
(usedof the sensation produced by an
oppressiveatmosphere). Oru bulu

omm9

^h

de

"

"

mi

]/

ti, The
Busi, V.
(to),

Si

"

to);

heat

{primaryidea, to put

a.

to,bestow upon

to add

me."

overpowers

bless.
"

Olprun yi obusi i fun o, May God

bless you!" or, "God
will bless you!"
to bite.
V. a.
(eat),
IW9 bu mi je,
"

Je
'

"

You

"

KuN

bite me."

to lessen
v. a.
(deficient),
Gbogbo enia li o bu
"All peopledespisehim."
(completed),v. n. to be

"

Se

finished.
is

Ise mi

"

nearly done."

"

bu
Ise

ma

ran

work

been

"

se,

kun,

almost

My

ibama

re

"

"

spise.to de-

work
bu

"

se
"

lowo, "Had

not

your
nearlycompletedI would

have

helped you."
ambuscade
s.
(ibi-iba),
; lurking-place.Ahu

BuBA

"

ni

buba, nwon

sa

lo, "We

discovered

them

won

in their

hiding-place;they ran away."

BuBURu, adj.lewd, wicked, evil.
BuDO
s. camp.
(ibi-ido),
fruit. The
soft
BujE, s. a plant which bears a round
part of it turns black when exposed to the air,and is
used by the natives to give the appearance
of tattooing.
Os9 onibujeko pe isan,oso oninabi ko ju odun
made
with buje do not last more
than
lo, Marks
made
with inabi (a plant which
nine days ; marks
blisters the skin)do not last more
than a year."
Bu-JE (ibi-je),
s. a place to feed at ; stable ; manger.
BujoKo
s.
abode, dwelling,seat. Ommode
(ibi-ijoko),

\J

"

"

"

68

DA

followedhy

Da

(tostop),to

Duro

detain.

to pass over, neglect.

(over),
(away),to release,redeem, acquit.

KojA

KuRO

Odamikuroninoewon,

redeems

"He

(makes me away) from prison."

weariness),to
(ni-aga,under

me

Laga

weary.

( ara, under (?) the body), to

disappoint(causedepression(?)).
to enliven.
Laraya
( ya, to be lively),
to justify,I wo
Lare
( are, justice),
me."
da mi lare, You justify
Lebbi ( ebbi,wrong), to condemn.
to forbid.
Lekun
( ekun, cessation),
to stop from
Lesse ( esse, foot),
going
to a place.
Loju
( oju,the eye),v. n. to be sure ;
V. a. to disappoint. Ommo
yi da mi
loju, This child has disappointed
{i.e. by its earlydeath)."
me
Lara

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

torment), to torture.
Masedaenialoro, "Tormentnoman."

LoRo
.

(
"

to
(agreement),

Majemu

Meji
"

oro,

make

"

nant.
cove-

to divide,
break, cut, mould.
(two),
divides the
O da isu meji, "He

in two."

vams

alarm), to raise
idagiri,
"War
fears.
Ogun dii illu nidagiri,
frightenedthe inhabitants."
to beat.
under a stick),
NiGGi (ni-iggi,
in
to throw down
NiJA ( ija,
wrestle),
wrestling. O da mi nija, He
(

NiDAGiRi

"

"

"

"

"

throws
NiJiN

(
"

da mi
70

me

down."

to frighten.Eranko
fear),
iji,
"A beast frightened
me."
nijin,
"

DA

Da

followedhy Oruko
Si

mention

(name), to

one's

(by),to spare, reserve.

irugbinsi, Tiie farmer

Agbe

"

"

puts aside

to the ground),to
(si-ille,

SiLLE
be

the

asfsrressor.

Enia

"

wicked

sille,"A

oran

dispute."
to mention.
(talk),

So

da

of his seed."

some

^^".

name.

da

oran

na

"You

so,

buburu

da

creates

man

gb9dd9

ko

Iwo

"

cause,

dare

not

men-

tion tlie matter."

.

to be whole, clever,wise.
SASA(soundly),
This
yi da sasa,
Oju ommode
"

"

child
sasa,

Da,

v.

n.

be

Ara
is very clever."
"I am
well."
perfectly

of this verh appears

"); hence, to be a time

(The primary idea

scarce

or

rare

da

mi

"

to

"

be,

to

of dearth

from

from a cloud);
raining; flash (aslightning
be intelligent
; flower,blossom
; be well ; ferment.
Oda
da li odun
ni, There is a famine this year."
Manamana
nda, It lightens."
Da, v. a. to cast, pour ; hence, to betray a trust ; slipa
cease

"

"

"

"

child under
"

friend

My

re

ki

fun

the

from

arm

betraysme
u

li

ommo

the

casts
{lit.
"

mu,

and give it suck."

your arm,
\yk followed
hy No (away), to

Ore

"

mi

da mi,

off)." Da

me

ommo

"

Slip your
pour

buburu

omi

back.

away,

no,

"

babe

under

waste.

Pour

"

Da
the

out

dirty water."
Po

Ru

(many),to mingle,join.
confuse.

to
(stir),
They
ru,

confound

"

Da,

v. n.

to

upset,on

direction
71

Nwpn

; to

the

blood

"

eke

fice
sacri-

of the sacrifice is

ground);to

bend.

da

the liar."

as
upset,be poured out, be acceptable

(becausethe
or

"

Okko

be turned

da,

"

The

poured out,
out of the right

boat

upsets."
"

DA

Ada

mi

da

Also used

"

as

before

for the sake

all consonants.

i,o, and

e,

very badly."When
used in this

subs.,to become.

changed into Di,

it is

sense

v.

bends

billhook

ida, My

of

euphony,

Kokoro

"

di laba-

grub becomes a butterfly."

(denotinga change of position),
over,

laba, " The

Da, prep,
mi

Pa

da,

Turn

"

v.
(da-aba),

Daba

Dabi,

v.

Dabo,

v.

to

imagine,think.

n.

to

resemble, be like.

n.

to

cease

does

-On

coming.
"

dake

ko

to defend, shelter.
(da-abo),!;.^.

ni, " A house

Dagbere,
Dahun

v.

to take

a.

(da-ohun),v.

Daja,

v.

Daji,

v.

dabo,

"

It

Ille ni idabobo

"

affords shelter."

v. n.
(di-agba),

Dagba

ko

cease."

not

Dabobo

"

round."

me

n.

round.

n.

a.

to serenade.

n.

to rise

to grow

to age, be

come

of,bid farewell

leave
to

up,

old.

to.

reply.
before

great while

day.
matter, to judge ; appoint

to settle a
v. a.
(da-eJ9),
a day, fix a time.
demonstrative,
Daju
plain,
(da-oju),
adj.shameless ; certain,
quick of discovery; v. to be sharp. O dajudanu,
'o ko mo
essan
(Though) you (appear)very
messan,

Dajo

"

"

sharp,you

tell nine

cannot

times

nine."

Daju-daju, adv. plainly,

evidently,
assuredly.
v.
(da-akaka),

to sit

cross-legged.
to hush;
Dake
w. tobe
silent,
(da-akke),^.
adj.silent (an
euphemism for dead.") Babba dake, (My) father
Dakaka

n.

"

"

"

is dead."
Omi
(da-akke),adj.very still,
very calm.
dakeror9, The water is very still."
Dako
to circumcise
v. n.
(da-oko),
(an expressionto be
Dake-roro

"

"

avoided
Da-ku

v.

Dakun

n.

in translations.
to faint away,

v.
(da-okun),

Dala,

.s'.a

72

coarse

a.

grass

See

to be

Kola).
at the

to prepare

used

for

spun

pointof
cotton

death.
for sale.

fences.
plaiting

DAL

Dalare

in the right,
to pronounce
v. a.
(da-are),
justify.
Damoran
v. a. to give counsel,propose.
(da-imp-oran),
with a stick.
Da-mo, v. a. to strike violently
Da-mu, v. a. to confuse,perplex,confound.
Dan, v. n. to shine, glitter
; be
slippery; be good, be
right; v. a. to make bright.
Da^n foUoived
hy Wo, v. a. to attempt, try ; tempt. Mo
"

dan ise

na

wo,

the work, but

emi

ko le

was

ise, I tried

unable

"

to

plish
accom-

it."
Dana

v. a.
(da-ina),

Dandan,

s.

kind

to make

of

fire.

used
talc,

for mirrors

by

the natives

of the interior.
Jankare

of
s. soldiers,
men
(ja-ka-re),
to vex, annoy, mortify.
v. n.
(li-ara),

Dankare,
Danilara

war.

evident.
v. n. to be sure, certain,
(da-enia-li-oju),
v. n. to be able to speak fluently
(da-ennu),
; to be

Daniloju
Danu

talkative.
Dapara

v. n.
(da-ipara),

Dapara,

v. n.

Dapo,

v.

n.

Dara,

v.

a.

to

to

at, make

sneer

callous.

to grow
a

jestof

one.

mix, mingle.

to make

fashion.

new

Dara

(da-ara),
adj.good, handsome, fair.
Dara-dara, adv. well ; very good.
Daran
pass.
sin,transgress,tres(da-oran),v. n. to commit
cheerful,
v. n. to be
lively.
(da-ara-ya),
v. a. to forgive,
followedhy Ji (da-ori-ji),
pardon.
to be a dyer of blue.
v. n.
(da-aro),
about
( aro), v. n. to be anxious or concerned

Daraya
Dari

Daro
Daro

"

one.

indiscriminately.
ment.)
Daru-daru, adv. entirely,
(appliedto verbs of concealbo illu molle
Ikuku
darudaru, "The
fog
Darudapo.

v. a.

to mix

"

covers

Daruko

entirely."
u. a. to name,
(da-oruko),
the town
'

73

mention

one's

name.

DAS

L^
Dasa,

5.

small

dish with

nla li 9pon

enni

meddle

to

v. a.

bowl

more)."
with, intrude
from

to cease
v. w.
(da-esse),
place,cease, stop.
at
Dasa
v. n. to aim
(da-asa),

too

coming
;

or

iyin,
stew

great men

also,to

much

ni

givesthe

best for

answers

Dasse

abbe

mu

dasa

iye, (Though) a

appearance,
(becauseit holds

Da-si,

Dasa

"

"

neat

cover.

spare,

serve.
re-

going to

to introduce

custom.

new

(da-owo),v.

Dawo

Dawo-esu,

a.

to

a.

to pay

money

v. a.

to pay

tax

v.

together,to

put money
into

bute.
contri-

club.
savings'

See

Itadogun.

Dawo-ode,

publicrate.

or

v. a. to prepare
(da-owu),
spun cotton for sale.
Dawole
v. a. to lay hands
on, undertake.
(da-owo-le),
v. a. to put or
chargea price
Dayele, Diyele (da-iye-le),

Dawu

upon

De,

v.

nt

rate, estimate.

; to
to

to, arrive at, reach

come
"

Ojo-de,

"

De, p*e^. for.

"

mi,

de

De,

v.

a.

"

to

Do

There

is rain

Duro

de

bind, shackle.

with

cover

lid.

coming."

mi,

the work

; to

for me."

"Wait

"

Sise

na

for me."
"

Nwon

de

mi

ni

sekeseke,

They put me in fetters."

to condemn.
Debbi
v. a. to pronounce
guilty,
(da-ebbi),
end a journey.
Debe
v. a. to arrive at a place,
(di-ibe),
Debipa
Febipa, v. a. to famish,starve.
(da-ebi-pa),
Dede, adr. all right; adj.alike,agreeable,
corresponding.
Ose dede,
It is agreeable."
gain,
to close words ;)to agree, barv. n. [lit.
Deiiun, (de-ohun),
promise.
Dena
v. a. to keep the road,stop the passage,
(de-onna),
"

"

"

lay wait.
Dewo
(da-ewo),v.
74

a.

to forbid

(saidof

ceremonial

tions).
prohibi-

DE

De,

tempt, bait,hunt, encourage,

to ensnare,

v. a.

Ode

nde

igbe,

The

"

is

hunter

pursue.

hunting

in, tlie

busii."
T)e

followedby

Wo

(tosee),v

to

.a.

try, watch, tempt,

entice.

De,

v. a.

to

loosen,slacken.

De,

v. n.

to

ripen,to

Dede,

or

ti

awa

be

soft,to

be easy.
distance.

short

Dedde,

jorep, near, at at a
yio lo kun si dede, " The

day

of

OJ9
departure

our

"

is near."
Dedo

to hunt the water).

v. a. to fish {lit
(de-odo),
to go out hunting,to engage in
v. n.
(de-igbe),

Degbe

the

chase.

Dehun,
Deja

v.

to sink

n.

the voice.

to lay a dog
( eja),
(de-aja),

the scent ;

on

"

v. n.

to

"

fish.
Dekun

Dekun

to
n.
(da-ekun),v.

okun), v.

"

Deni,

v.

a.
"

lara,

a.

to set

cease,

snare.

stop, yield.

relieve,ameliorate,facilitate.

to

"

You

make

us

Desse

deni

comfortable."

gruel made of Indian corn.

Deredere, adv. (hanging) looselyand
ready to fall of
Denge,

IW9

s.

v. n.
(de-esse),

duro

fu u,

"

Wait

to

stop, slacken

slovenly as

one's

pace.

"

if

'Desse

for him."

v. a. to pack, to load.
(di-eru)
Deruba
a. to frighten,
discourage.
(da-eru-ba),u.
Dese (da-ese),
to sin,transgress.
v. n.

Deru

Deti

v. n.
(de-eti),

Deti,

v.

n.

to

to

listen,incline

fail,come

the

ear.

short of,be unable

to

perform,be

difficult.

Di,

Di,

v.n.

See Da.

adj. less, short,

deficient ;

gled.
complicated,entan-

Di, prep, used with v. Sa, which see.

Di, V. a. to shut, close up ; parch,fry.
75

DI

Di

Di,

followedbi/Mo

V.

a.

v. a.
(close),

tie,bind, unite

to

TS\,
hy Mu
followed

in, enclose, encompass.

shut

to

pack ; coagulate;

(layhold on),v.

to grasp,

a.

chew

bacco.
to-

hold fast.

RiKisi

cert,
conv. w. to conspire,
(conspiracy),
plan,plot.
DiBAJE
to die,perish; get
v. n.
(da-ibaje),
corruption,
spoiled,
corrupt.
Did A, adj.(from Da), that which
is to be delivered,released,
made, created ; creation,the act of creating.
DiDA-ARA, 5. health,soundness of body.
DiDA-JO, ( ejo),s. decision of a case;
appointment of
"

time

day.

or

Dtdan, adj.shining,
bright.
DiDE, adj.that which is to be bound, shackled,watched.
v.
DiDE, defect,
arise,get up.

"

DiDE, adj.that which is to be baited

DiDE, adj.soft,ripened.
DiDi, verbal adj.(from Di),that
DiDi,

s.

hair

the

act

kind

of

5.

naro,

s.

right."
up-

hich is to be tried.

tying or bindinga thing; plaitingof

of game.
eye,

taste, or

any

sweetness, flavour.

verb. adj.(fromDu), that which

DiDLlf,

DiDURA,

Stand

chased.

or

DiDON, adj.sweet, pleasant(to the

sense);

"

Dide

elfort made

to

keep

from

is to be

grasped.
one
fallingwhen

trips.
DiDURo,

5.

detention.

Die, adj.few, some, little; adv. awhile.

DiFE, V. n. to blossom, flower.
DiGBOSE

adv. by
(da-igba-ti-ose),

and

bye, tillanother

time.

Dioi,s. glass,
looking-glass.
Died

s. piece of
(da-igo),

apron.
^6
t

cloth

tied round

the

waist,an

DOD

strate one's self and

elbows

the

keep

does
close,

thing
some-

to benefit a man)."
is sure
{i.e.
the qualityof Ro, cool).
Dodo, adv. very (describing
Ewe
na
ro
dodo, The leaf is quiteshrivelled."
Don, Dun, v. n. to be hurtful to, grieve,cause
regret,be
painful. Oran na don mi poju, That matter grieves

for

one

"

"

"

"

much."

me

Don, Dun, adj. sweet, pleasant,handsome

(used as

participle),
pleased.
Dunmo,

DoNMO,

Ohun

"

v.

to be

n.

ti nwon

se

they did pleasedme

DoNDON,
DoGBA

s.

kind

v.n.

to be

Du,

r. a.

to

of drum.
to be

equal,right,correct,

exact.

black.

deny

request.

to
v. n.
(da-ibu-ille),

DuBULLE

which

iojo, " That

mi

donmo

much."

v.n.
(da-ogba),

Du,

agreeable,
delightful.
pleasant,

lie down.

DuDu, adj.black.
DuDU, adv. very fully,thickly. 'Ojo o

su

"

dudu,

''

The

rain clouds

gatherquickly."
v. a. to strike againstanother
(da-egbo-lu),

DuGBOLU

in the dark.

as

DuLUMo,

s.

kan,

"

calumny,

Do

againstany

slander

li

epa

"

any

one,

to

Ma

gba

dulumo

one,"{lit. Do
''

him

accuse

not

enni

receive

falsely
").
"

lumo'
Du-

"

sese,

the sese's neck

shall fall upon

who
; he

se

der
woti, The slanajebbioran
(sese)againstthe ground-nut(epa)

oron

of the bean

slander.

slander

not

intentionally
un-

is in the

(shallrecoil

w-rong

e.
{i.

upon
deserves

self)
itthe

censure)must sit quietlyapart." The bean sese is a

climbingplant,the ground-nuta small herb.
for kindness shown
Dupe
or
v. n. to givethanks
(da-ope),
Enniti ase li ore ti ko dupe aba se
benefit received.
"

'^

ni ibi ko

and does

don

not

"

o,

return

He

kindness

thanks, if evil is done

will not feel that either

78

to whom

is shown,
to him

he

{i.e.heis devoid of all feeling)."

DUR
Dura

effort so as to keep from

v. n. to make
an
(du-ara),
at a
an
falling
trip. Mo dura gidigidi, I made
effort to recover
myself"
DuRo
to stand, stay,wait.
Duro
de mi,
v. n.
(da-iro),
"

"

"

Wait

"

DuRu,

for me."

harp,fiddle,guitar.

s.

Iwo

"

njo duke-dnke,
fiddle you

Before

"

commenced

you

ko

ti igbo idi duru

heard

the strain

of the

dancing merrily."
E.

is used
/:

as

contains

the

noun,

;
"

prefixin

nominal

Ba,
g.verh,

e.

use

to touch ;

Elo

noun,

"

ointment

to

the

be

same

way

A and

as

Eba, the vessel which

touched

verb,L6,

to

utensils.

E, jjer5.pron. he, she,it.

E-BA,

Ebe,

ointment-jar,
oil-jar.
heap of earth for the purpose

.9. an
s.

of

planting;

hillock.

E-Bi,

s.

vomit, matter

thrown

"/Ebi,s. hunger ; journey.

"

ino

up

Ebi

ko

from

the stomach.

je ki

apa owo
not allow

mo,

ebi

papala, Hunger does

savingof
the body lean."
Ebi ko pa
; hunger makes
money
Imalle o li on ki ijeaya.
When
is
a Mahommedan
not pinched with hunger,he
eat monkey
says, I never
;' which is ceremonially
(flesh
forbidden).
Ebi-npa
to be killed by hunger).
v. n. to be hungry {lit.
Ebo, 'Abo, ^Edi, s. the act of bindingor tying.
Ebolo, s. an herb used as a vegetable.
mu

"

se

"

"

"

"

E-BU,

s.

abuse,censure.

E-BU,

s.

yam

seed.

wharf.
landing-place,
Ede, s. language,dialect.
Ede, s. crawfish,lobster,
shrimp.
5. reason,
Edi, Idi (ere-idi),
cause, origin.
Edi, s. the act of binding,

Ebute,

s.

Edi-di,

s.

79

cork, stopper.

EFA

Efangelisti,s. (Gr.)evangelist.

tickling.Oke mi li agake;
tickled me."
or, Iwo rin mi li eginni, You
Egbe, s. perdition,
loss,eternal loss. Ore Agbe se li
OiFa
odi egbe,
The
good, which Agbe (a wellknown
the Yorubas) did in (the
philanthropist
among
town) OfFa,is wasted (becausetheydid not appreciate
it)."
tion,
Egbe, s. a blessing,
encouragement, support ; vindicacontiguity
; profit
; benediction.
abroad at
Egbere, s. an evil spirit,
supposed to wander
of a small
night,and to frequentthe woods ; name
Egake, Eganni, Eginni,

s.

"

"

"

"

animal.

Egbin, s.

of deer.

kind

Egbo,

s.

root

Egbo,

s.

husk

of

and

the husk
of

off

rubbed

peeled or
from

cleansed

adj.sore.

tree ;

corn

or

beans

corn

prepared for eating.

plant.
ki
tick.' -Egbpn so mo
ani
Egbon, s. flea,
ayinrinli ennu
adire ki o wa
iyan a je,adire mo pe ontikara on onje
"
A tick having fastened itself on the mouth
ayinrin,
Egbodo,

name

s.

"

of

fox, a fowl

fowl well knew

desired

was

that she

to

remove

food for the

was

it; but

fox, as well

the tick for her."

as

bo

Egede, adv. only. Mo

"

kun,

"

covered

1 have

ille tan,
the

house

egede ki nye e
; it only remains

complete the ridge."

Egun, Egungun,
E-gun,

s.

an

s.

Iha,

Egungun

bone.

oath.
abjuration,
imprecation,

Egungun-Aiya,
Ehase

the

s.

s.

the breast-bone.

rib,rib-bone.

adv. why
(eyi-ha-se),

? wherefore

? how

so

EiiiN,Eyin, s. tooth,tusk.
tooth.
Ehin-erin,s. ivory,elephant's
Ehin-ndon,

v.

n.

Ehin-okankan,
80

s.

to be

troubled

the fore tooth.

with

tooth-ache.

li

to

EHO

Ehoro,

hare

s.

animal

; an

producing two
for

and
swiftness,

which

last is used

fire.

Ehoro

"

said,* I

Ehu,

Ehu-iyan,

has

large

the natives

by

li o soro,

for

but

care

nobody

it is remarkable
and

ears
as

"

kind, usually

The

soft

fur,
charm
against
-ehoro
(swift)

the archer.'

"

palm kind, generallyfound

in flocks.

cold

pounded yam.
passion,passionatefeelings.

Ejano, s.

s.

Eje, adj.seven.
Eje-odun, s. the seventh
settled
and

birth

ni ti Oloffa

birds of the

s.

at

ones

young

rabbit

of the

periods for

months

notation

in the

month

the

July.

are

no

of the weeks

commencement

Yoruba

There

country.

The

English

will be introduced.

Eji,s. rain.
Eji, adj.two.
Eji

odun,

s.

Ejidilogun

the second

month

February.
(eji-di-ni-ogun),
adj.eighteen.
;

Eji-la, adj.twelve.

Eji-LA-ODUN,s.
Eji-ka,

s.

the twelfth month

December.

the shoulder.

robber.
Eji-kan, s. thief,

Ejire, Ejie, s. twins.

I Ejo,

serpent, snake.

s.

ki

ase

titi ako

le

oniwere, bi o ti wu
Ejd ommo
iba ejo re, iggi ni gbogbo araiye
"

snake
much
one
a
try, no
iy9 si i, However
may
child of
will be friendlyto that creeping thing(lit.
the
take up
contrary, all mankind
; on
writhing)
"

sticks to
Ejono

it."
(strike)

(internal).
claw.
finger-nail,

s. worm
(ejo-ino),

Ekan, Ekanna,
Ekan-awodi,

s.

s. a

pricklyshrub

used

as

medicine

destroyingtape-worms.
Ekan-Ekun, s. a prickly plant,so called
claws.
pricklesresemblingleopards'
Ekan,

s. new

81

shoots

from

the stem
M
.

or

root

from

of trees.

for

its

ekA
Ekan,

which

pin on
])in.
s.

falsehood,

woof

the

is

wooden

adjusted;any

downright lie. Eleke li eke iye,

ohiin ti aba se ni iye'ni, (As) any thing which a man
is (in the habit of)doing is natural to him, (so)a lie
is natural to a liar." Pipe ni yio pe eke ko mu
ra,
be very long,but a lie wall be detected
The time may
will not go to oblivion)."
at last ; {lit.
Ekeje
adj.the seventh.
(ek9n-eje),
Ekeji (ekon-eji),
adj.the second, the next.

Eke,

s.

"

"

"

"

Ekiri,

s.

kind

of

goat.

E-Ko, adj.hard, not soft,not

tender

the herb

(appliedto

Ila, called also Okro). Ila ko. " Okro gets hard."
E-k6,I-ka,E-ka-odun, s. the last month ; December
; {lit.
"

the

Eko, Oruko,

s. name.

ti a?o

Ekolo,

s.

given to

name

brooks,but

^KULu,
s.

bi okan
Three

kind

great numbers

in

destroyedby the
crawl along the road.

of deer.

i\gba metta
ekulu, ekejiani ekulu,

by

the

heat of the

ekulu

third

(but) the
counsellors

Ekun, Ekunkun,

s.

(not appliedto

all of them

; one

wdll
is

one

sure

or

of

protractedsickness.
then, to sit up
trying,

"

se

dide

ekun

die, " You

little duringyour

okete

li

illness ?"

ifi ekuro

ilo.

stranger,like the ground pig,is entertained

palm-nuts,"(which
li

ite
*

82

cutlass ;

axe).

"

wa

fail to

knife,sword, or

Ekun, Erukun, s. the knee.

Ekuro, s. palm-nuts. Alejo bi
'*A

ekulu,

ani

"

s.

are

eketta

ipe,

pronounce
another
ekulu,
say ekiilu,
may
of many
out
e.
{i.
say ekulu
to be right).

handle
hoe

ki isi ekulu

"

pe
elders cannot

(the word)

Ekun,

natural to it."

rat.

s.

"

li

ommo
"""

soon

if attemptingto

sun

ni imo

ommo

child becomes

found

long worms,

side of

year).

""""

ara, "The

'w/

Oruko

"

""'

"

Eku,

of the

closingor winding up

ekur9 oju
'

fare).

but poor

are

"

onna,
'

"

To

be

Ate

trodden

with

yun

ate

upon

EKU

pahu-nut
Ekuru,

of very dry cake made

otherwise called Kuduru.

bean) ;
bi

"

tedious
s.

Ekuru,

s.

chokes

He

like

me

of the

ere

fon

mi

"

ekuru,

Ekuru,

trodden

kind

s. a

li

oron

ekuru," (saidof

the mange
in dogs ; the itch.
Erin
ntu
dust, fine dust.
"

elephant makes

ajannaku bo

ekuru, efon

Ekuse, s. a disease common

Ekute, Eku, s. rat, mouse.
ille,

"

'ra won,

The

dust

theelephant."

to children.

domestic

s.

m9lle,

dust,and the buffalo makes

ntu

The

"

ti efon

but the dust of the buffalo is lost in that of

han

(white

visitor).

ekuru, titu ekuru

Ekute

fate of the

there, is the
upon
(lying)in the road."

liere,to be

rat.
rat

does

not

fi ibi

ille ko

Ekute

"

show

its

ajaji

companion

in the

(into which it may fall)."

ceiling,
Ekute
ille ko ri ennuba
ologbo wijo, The rat has
no
{lit.
voice)to call the cat to account."
power
Ekuya, s. an herb used as cabbage.
the hole

"

"

Ele,

s.

force,violence

; hardness.

Ele,

5.

interest ; that

which

is

paid

in addition

the

to

principal.
Ele,

5.

layer or

eminence
ele
my
Elegbe
a

in mud

course

of

iron,instruments

kejile ille mi,

"I have

house."

cry

The

or

added

of ^Ele

walls; height,

stone

iron,weapons.
the second

denotes

"

s.
(ni-egbe),
supporter, encourager

chorus

Elegede,

s.

; one

who

makes

All
;

Mo

"

course

to

arms

fi
to

!"

repeater of

responses.

pumpkin.

Eleke

s. liar.
(ni-eke),
calumniator, backbiter.
Ele-ni-ni,s. despiser,
s. headman.
(enni-ori),
Eleri
s. unclean, pollutedperson.
( eri),
Elerupe
( erupe),s. he who
possesses
earthly; having earth.
Elevi ( eyi)detn. pron. this person.

Eleri,

Olori
"

"

"

83

earth

adj.

ELE
fruits.

abundant
Eleso-pipo, adj.possessing

Elo,
-^

furniture.
utensils,

s.

used in cookery.
spiceor other ingredients
Elubo
made
into flour.
se
Elu-bo, s. prepared yams
ni ille babba
(As) the
ogbodo ri,eru se ommo
re,
elubo was
once
a
soft,unripe yam,
(so) the slave

Elo

obije,

s.

"

"

was

child in his father's house."

once

pers. pron. I.

Emi, Mo, Mo, Ng,

Emina, 2)ei's.
pron. I myself
Emi-na,5. a trailing
plant,bearinga fruit
called the black

the

on

stalk,

potato.

sand-fly. Emirin nje 'ni ko to iya, The

(stingof the) emirin is not so sharp as poverty."
Emi-ti-kara-mi, refl.
pron. I myself,I.
Emirin,

Emo,

s.

s.

"

the

"

strange thing,wonder.

wonderful

de, "A

Emo

"

ni Ibese, ki
ki o mo
thing happens." Ki emo
de Ijanna, Let the wonder
omase
stop at Ibese,and
let the matter
not proceed to Ijanna;" (i.
e.
proceed
were
no
destroyed,
further).Ibese and Ijanna,now
frontier towns
travellers enteringthe
at which
two
Yoruba
paid tribute.
country successively
"

"

Emo,

s.

seeds

of wild

grass

which

adhere

to clothes ; any

thingadhesive.
Emo-agbo,

s.

grass,

called

so

sheep when grazing.

the legsas
Ena,5.(/zY.
stretching
to

its

stickingon

visits
walking); frequent
signof regard. Bi ivvo ko li owo o 11

person, as a
ena, bi iwo ko li ena
a

no

from

"

(to give to

money

in

li ohun
a

rere

person

li ennu,
in

"

If you have

distress),
you

may
send

frequentvisits ; if you cannotvisit,

you may
kind messages
(lit.
good words of the mouth)." Hence
arises the title of Apena
One m ho calls together."

pay

"

"

Ena-Awon,

s.

the

under

of a rarefied atmosphere
flickering
appearance
the sunshine ; supposed to be an underground

fire made

burning them
84

by

the tortoise to kill the

at the roots.

trees

by

ERI

Eri, Erin,

dirt
filth,

s.

to feed

after it

corn

cattle.

the head.

s.

Eri-Ekun,

of Indian

the husk

ground,used

has been

Eri, Ori,

the

s.

knee-pan.

Erigi, s. the gums.

Erin, s. the elephant. Ak\ iru

lori ki

erin

eran

"

fi

ama

bearingelephants'flesh
his head should seek for crickets under
ground ;"
on
phants'
rich should
not
e. The
(^".
stoop to petty gains; eleflesh here denotingthe portionof the wealthy,
tan

esse

Erinmi,

s.

s.

whale

caravan

"

poor).
hippopotamus.
travellers ; traders ;

^"Ero ko

nit.

pondering;

one

crickets that of the

and

Erg,

nille,"No

ire

"

trader

i, ali oferi die, "The

has sold all his

goods ;

(Trade) is

say,

jewo

imota

Prov.
[fif.

of
s. a kind
Erokojikasi, (ero-ko-je-ikasi),

r^

Eru,

s.

Eru,

s.

li

eru

of him

Erukuku,

li opo

all others
order

5.

s,

erun,

"

The

s.

the

ant
ant

swarms
irregular

of the ika; multitude

da

(face)

black

tribe.
"

ika

moves

Owo

which

li

owo

in ranks

order is the
;"{lit.

is the multitude

of

erun)."

ant.

dust, earth.

EsA, s. the red

Ese, s. cat.
EsE,

for the

in

move

Erun-Dudu,
Erupe,

in the

pigeon; (more usuallycalled Eivele,

see.)
Erun, s. generic name

ika,opo

plum.

them."

that throws
s.

he

14.)

xx.

Enniti

"

flyback
(always)

ito,"Ashes

eru

that

sweet

adj.ash-coloured,grey.

ba bi

dealing,craft.

deceit,double
lime, ashes

asked, he will (only)

little better."

tan, bi

confesses

never

but when

consideration

shea

ant.

nut.

EsE, s. provision,
preparationfor

the future.

EsEj'EsE,."?.coloured liquidused by tanners; dye; paint.

EsE-iVEYE,s. yellow colour.
86

ESI

Esi, s.

kind

EsTn, s.
Eso,

reply.

answer,

of

tree.

bulb

(ofa tree),opposed to Eta, a

lyan ni imu 'ni ijeeso iggiki iggi,
fruit

s.

EsuE, s.

wild grass, not unlike

disordered
stomach
;

Esuo,

antelope.

Esu,

s, a

5.

EsuRu,

s.

of

kind

and

colour

EsE,

s.

does

it be

is the

of very

yam,

yellow^
is the

? what

?) adv. why
?

reason

See ^Ese.

gleaning. Ommo
glean in the farm."

EsE,

bitterish taste.

? what

matter

sugar-cane.

nausea.

potato like

how
(eyi-ti-se,

EsE

the

pels
com-

of trees."

fruit of all kinds

the

to eat

one

tuber,

Famine

"

"

or

s.

wa

"

li

pese

oko,

"

Our

children

Esi, s. mistake, accident,casualty.

EsiNsiN, EsiN,
*'

The

5.

fly.

flyheeds

"

Esisi, s. the leaf of

not

Esinsin

death

ko

mo

iku, jijeni ti

eatingis

all to him."

plantwhich, if touched, blisters

re,

the

skin.

si

ita,
his
the devil has no
As
(kindliness
of)disposition,
for him in the street (by itself)."
house is made
previous
Esu, s. the w^hite ant : after undergoing two
about
the comits perfectform
mencement
changes, it assumes
when
it is furnished
of the rainyseason,
with wings. These
wings drop off*after a few hours,
the prey of birds and
and the helpless
insect becomes
reptiles,besides affordinga favourite food to the
ki o yin eiye,esu
Also ; a locust.
Ki esu
natives.
The white ant may well
fo ni ijokan soso
iye re re,
the bird,for after flyingone
admire
day, it loses its

Esu,

s.

devil

Satan.

"

'Esu

ni

ko

iwa

ille

ako

re

"

"

"

wings."
a

ba

"

li oko,

locusts

si ohun

Ko
"

There

they meet

Esusu, Esusu, s. leech.

'87

ti 6 po
is
you

to esu,

nothing so
in the town

bi

numerous

and

ba 'o ni ille
as

the

in the field."

ESU

Esusu,

running pricklyplant.
EsuwA, s. former time, adj.the former.
Eta, Eta, s. rough parts of flour separatedby sifting
;
s.

in the gums.

soreness

Ete,

s.

intention,thought,consideration.
li aburo, opbon

ero

Is the

Aimete

"

"

s.

aimero
of

Want

egbaffa,
Ete,

se

calculation
first-born,

third."

six brothers

made

ino 11

"

ereke, " (A) mouth

nl imu

enla

"

beach,

isinirba

forethought

ni iko

oran

ba

to mouth),and
keepingshut {lit.
to lip),
(lit.
bringtrouble to the

not

"

s.

melFa

the

for six dollars."

ete

lipsnot keeping close

jaws."
Ete, 5. morsel, fragment. Ki yio fun
not give you a fragment."
Eti, s. the ear, edge,brink, brim ; name
gbo ekejiki o to daJ9, Ear, hear
before you decide."
the question)
Eti-0d6,

Consideration

and

themselves

'nu, ete imo

"

11 egbon,

next, wisdom

consideration

pawn

imo

Ennu

lip.

eketta,
the

Ete

"

water

'o li ete," He

of

tree.

the other

shall

"

Eti,

(sideof

side.

s. neighbourhood,environs.
(eti-ille),
Etu, s. an old farm nearlyexhausted.
off; discoveryof a plot.
Etu, s. that which is stript
ment,
atoneEtutu,5. that which givessatisfaction,
propitiation;
pacification.

Etille

Etutu,

s.

kind

the small

of white

ants.

childhood,childishness.
Ewe, s. leaf,foliage.

Ewe,

s.

Ewe-Eti,

s.

convolvulus

called

because

its sap,

remedy for sore ears.

Ewe-Ina, s. a shrub with a hairyleaf,producingsevere
for
the ingredients
blisters if touched; used among
cines.
poisoningarrows, and in preparingvarious medimixed

with

nut-oil,is

so

herb

Ewo, pron. which

EwEKEWE,
88

s.

(generalname

for)leaves.'

EWO

Ewo,

time, season.

5.

Ewo-ERUN,

dry season.
Ewo-ojo, 5. rainyseason.
to eat ; aversion to.
Ewo, s. prohibition
Ewu, s. danger,imminent danger ; narrow
Ewu, s.
EwuRA,

kind

of soft yam.

EwuRE, s. goat. Ewure

je o
ajeiwa ille ba eledde je,

"

home

home

; not

character

EwuRo,

5.

when

"

the

sheep

has

returninghome
of)the pig."

bitter herb

the*
Take

what

ille,

goat has fed it

fed

it returns

feeding,ruins (the

after

one.

who

which;

one

ore

for food.

used

Eyina, dem. pron. that ; he

Eyini,pron. that,that one.
omu,

When

the

Eyi, Eyiyi, pron. this,this

Eyin, Ehin, s. tooth,tusk.

Eyiti, pw?.

ille,agutan je

re

"

returns

escape.

hair.

gray
s.

s.

any

the

same.

one.

"

Eyitio

ri ni ki

see."

you

Eyitatinwiyt, adv. immediately; lit.as

we

were

talking.

E.

ohj.case ; him, her, it.

'E,pron.
Eba, s. brink,edge.
Ebado,

sand-beach.
river-side,
sea-side,

s.

Ebbe,

s.

entreaty,supplication.

Ebbi,

s.

wrong,

condemnation.

EbTri,

s.

largequiver.

Ebiti,

s.

kind

Ebo,

s.

ko

of stone

snare

ebo fun gunugun,

li on
ko ru, ada

"

ebo fun 'Akalla

cliff.

an

sacrifice,offering.Ada
ru, ada

insecure

li

ebo

on

fu

orubo, Sacrifices were

o gbe ebo
prescribed
eiyelle,
but it refused to offer them
to the turkey-buzzard,
;
sacrifices were
prescribedto the 'Akalla vulture,but
"

it also refused:
the
89

pigeon,it

when
offered

sacrifices

were

them."

prescribed to
tradition

said

to

EBO
for

account

the

while

order

conceal

to

for

ofFered

the

whole

Eburu,

basket),s.

called in
so
sacrifice,
it is

nation, when

occasionally
is

victim

the

kept alive

in chains

temple.
; kiln.

back

s.

flower,blossom

path,back

interest

propensities
; inclination
Eda,

for sacrifices.

door.

gift.

s.

s.

with

human

house, placeof abode

Eburu, 'Onna

Eda,

used

its real character

the idol's

sweep

JEbun,

and

killed,and sometimes

sometimes

s.

remaining unclean,

(enni-akato,
persons

basket-sacrifice.

The

Ebu,

former

two

last is domesticated

Ebo-Alakoto,

to

the

Edda, Ida,
Eledda

s.

nature

edda

the

act

li Olorun

; natural

money

instinct.

kind of rat, remarkable

s. a

paid on

breeding.
creating; creature.

for fast
of

ida 'ni," God

difTerently."
the Ogboni staff.
s. traitor,
one
guiltyof

made

"

difTerent

creatures

Edan,

s.

Edalle,
Ede,

s.

Ede,

s.

breach

liver

s.

ko

eru,

inward

edo

ra

of faith.

tree.

ripefruit ; adj.soft,yieldingto
adj.fifteen.
(arun-di-ogun),

Edogun

Edo,

of

name

of affection.

motion

ommo,

"

the touch.

bino

K6

"

is not

He

angry on account
of children."

of

slaves,nor peevishon account

Edofofo, s. irascible,
easily
provoked.
Edun,

Edon,

twins
Edon

s.

; ape

Dudu,

twins
;

Edun

generallygiven
monkey.
four-fingered
; a name

Oriokun,

s.

kind

agile monkey, generallyfound

among

Edon,

s.

mangroves.
axe, hatchet.

Edon,

s,

grief,
pain of

Efa,

s.

kind

of black

by

mind.

of trousers.

Effa, adj.six.

Effa-odun,
"

90

5.

the sixth month

", June.

the

to

and

one

of

very
sea-side or

'EFF
Effe,

fun,jest,
joke,mockery.

s.

Efe,

fault-finding,
captiousness.

s.

Efi, Efin,

smoke.

5.

EFo,5.a kind of herb used

si efo,"You

have

food.

as

yet obtained

not

to prepare

ko ri akasu

I wo

"

npata

gan
loaf,and you be-

the

Didon li 9 don li a nba

your efo stew."
"
Because
is
9re jeefo ti ille enni to ni ije,
(friendship)

pleasant,we
because

Efokko,
Efon,
corn

Efon,

leaves

s.

entertainment,not
our

surround

the

of

ear

Efun,
Ega,

s.

s.

buffalo.
"

Aobara

to

efon

la iwo,

ma

as

"

man

horns."

no

chalk.
the

npatoto

palm

bird.
"

ennu,

Enniti

"

He

who

ko

does

palm-bird's
note, complains of
EgaApaso,
Ega,

Indian

for crossbows.

strong as the buffalo,

yet he has
Efufu, s. breeze,
gale,tempest.
Efufu
Nla, 5. storm, tornado, tempest.
may

house."

own

rib.

s.

be

friend's

enough (toeat)in

which

used

; arrow

Efon-Iha,

our

wreck.

the

s.

partake of
have not

we

s.

"

speciesof palm

s. a

gbo
not

ti ega ali ega

understand
the

the noise it makes."

bird.

Elenga, s. common
Alampara,
poKo,

Ega

Egan,

Oris
s.

a, 5.

dense

Egan-Osusu,

grasshopper. ^Ega Alatams.

a
large kind of grasshopper.
speciesof grasshopper.

native

never
forest,

cultivated.

pricklyforest.
Egan, 5. backbiting; contempt.
Eganran, s. raw, unripefruits.
s.

Egba, adj.two
Egba,

s.

Egbara,

the
s. a

thousand.

palsy;
kind

disease

which

of rat, remarkable

withers

the

limbs.

for swiftness.

dirt.
Egbin, s. filthiness,
Egbe, s. prepared beans.

Egbe,

s.

company
;

91

equal.

rank

party ;

band

of soldiers ;

panion
com-

EGB

Egbe,

the

s.

adv.

side

from

the

alongside.
adj.five

Egbedogbon,
Egbera,

thousand.

equality.

s.

Egberi,

s.

uninitiated

one

into

the

egberi,

^'

concerninga
puzzle you."

itch

s.

matter.

Mo

"

gods ;
iwo

pa

thousand.

Egberun, adj.one
Egbessin,

of the

secrets

in darkness

one

li

waist,loin

the

-pitto

arm

measles

used

tree

for

medicine

as

pimples.
thousands.

by

adv.

Egbegberun,

Egbon, adj.elder, eldest.

^'An

s.

that which

Owu,

Egbon

Egboro,

Egge,

brother is like

elder

Egbon,

s.

snare

touch
abbe

re

whatever

Eggi, s.

ko

"

and

tree

okl, enniti

The

mane,

prepared and

dog's

neck

the

as

worn

collar

bo

si

fails

an

for

by

it if it

never

egge
it is struck dead."

under

set

under

comes
so

patapata, '^

ku

on

calf,lamb, kid.

kills whatever

comes

ram

strinoj. E^ore
pa

ning.
prepared for spin-

trap suspended on

; a

the

off; shaken.

cotton, cotton

dog

string,which

father."

is to be shaken

carded

s.

young

s. a

Egbon iwaju,alugb9nbabba,

"

ment
orna-

dog's

neck.

Eggo,

of

name

s.

plant.

of the Bara.

Egusi,s.

seeds

Egun,

thorns, prickles. Enni

s.

laka

to

limp
ko

se

alabbe,

he is

"

off to him

He

who

who

has

lassan,bi iwo
does

man

not

run

ko

of

thorns

arrow-heads.
s.

92

le

jacket,waistcoat.

"

Asare

ejo,ejo

thorns

or

s.

egun

lancet."

among

chasinga snake,

Egun-ikoko,
Eha,

ni ise lakagun
is piercedwith thorns must

"

for

li

nino egun
nle

nothing ;

'o,"

either

chasinghim."
plant, used by hunters

snake

is

as

EKK

because

is poor, but eventuallyadopted on

failure of all other plans. Cf.Eccl. ix. 16.)
he

Ekke-aja,

s.

the

beam, joist.

Ekke,

s.

trust,confidence,affiance.

Ekke,

s.

cheek, jaw.

See Ereke.

(ekon-ejo),
adj.the eighth.
Ekerin( erin),adj.the fourth.
Ekessan
( essan),
adj.the ninth.
Eketta
( etta),
adj.the third.
Ekettadilogun
( di-ni-ogun),
adj.the
Ekewa
( evva),adj.the tenth.
Ekejo

"

"

"

"

seventeenth.

"

Eko,

s.

Eko,

s.

Indian-corn

meal, also called Agidi.

doctrine.
instruction,
teaching,
adj.the eleventh.
(ekon-okan-le-ewa),

Ekokanla

supplement.
made
of bush-rope.
Eku, s. snare
like Ajara.
Eku, s. a runningplant,very much
Ekuku, s. a very viscous vegetable.
Ekule, 6*. back yard.
Ekun, s. cry, weeping.
Ekun, s. cessation,prohibition,
pause.
Ekun, s. the leopard; region,neighbourhood,waste.
ekun o riiiyonnu, It is difficult to encompass
Akamo
a leopard."
of a kiln.
Elebu, s. occupierof a house, tenant ; owner
Ela, s. a small piece severed from a larger; adj.cloven.
Elebbe, s. advocate,intercessor,
pleader.
Eledde, ,s'. domesticated
pig, swine. "''Imado iba se bi
eledde abilluje,
iba jobba enia ko kiin,"A wild
eru
boar, in place of a pig, would
; and
ravage the town
a slave, made
king,would spare nobody."
Ekon, Ekun,

s.

"

"

"

Elefi,

that

s.

which

produces smoke, chimney

ship.
Elefo,
Elegan,

Elegba,
'

94

one

s.

s.
s.

who

deals in the herb

slanderer.
despiser,
saviour,helper,succourer.

Efo.

steam

ELE

Elegba

s. a
(enni-igba),
paralytic(lit one

been

have

Elegbara,

s.

Elegbe-Ina
when

god of mischief,Satan.
( egbe),s. a bird that
"

the

s.

linibs

seized).

the bush

Elegbe,

whose

is

hovers

over

the flame

burning.

owner

sustainer

or

of

company.

Elege, adj,delicate,tender.

Elegodo, s. a coarse
plaincalico.
Elekerede, adj.infirm, weak, delicate.
Elekun,

s.

mourner.

Elemmi,

s.

livingman

(because his
Elemo

(oni-emo)s.

Elemoso

(lithe who

master's

seller of

(enni-mo-oso),s.

breath

palm

is at

wine.

who

one

vant
breath); serhis mercy).

owns

has

taste

for

neat-

judge of dress and decoration.

Elenga,
s. grasshopper.
of soft Indian corn.
Elepe,Elepere (enni-ipere),
s. a kind
Eleri
( eri),s. witness,eye-witness. Eleri ni iwajo,
eleri ki ise elegbe, A witness
speaks the truth ; a
witness does not take (the liar's)
part."
Elessenille
ing,
s. one
( esse-ni-ille),
having a firm foota

ness,

"

"

"

"

powerful person.
Elese, s. sinner,offender.
Elesin, s. rider,horseman.
Elettan, s. deceiver,dissembler.
Eleya
( eya),s. ridicule,
contempt.
a

"

Eleye,

s.

s.
(eyin-oju),

Eleyinju

with

one

Elewa,

for whom

person

s.

prominent
handsome

of Indian

Elew^on,

s.

who

one

Eliri, Eluru,

s.

clothes
person

are

made

to order.

having large eyeballs,

eyes.

person

one

who

sells

ration
prepa-

corn, called ^Ewa.

wears

chain,a prisoner; jailor.

mouse.

Elomtran, Eloml, /jraw. another.

Elu, s. indigo; mixture.
Elu-iwase,

s.

small-leaf

digo.
in-

Elu-ogbo,s.broad-leaf indigo(aclimbingplant).
*

95

'

'

ELU

Elulu,
Emeji

Emi,

kind

5.

of brown-feathered

bird.

(ara-meji),
adj.twice.
shea-butter,tree and

s.

The

"

Emmi,

"

influence.
life,
breath,spirit,

'9li emmi
Emmi

gigun,*^ May

abata

fountain
s.

makes
kind

ni imu

God

odo

isan,

the brook

of brown

long life !"

The

'^

ki ofu

Olorun

"

of

influence

flow."

rat.

s.

Emu,
"

Ki

"

give you

palm wine.
EmewX
(enni-mo-ewa),s. prime
the mind).
knows

Emo,

iso,

fruit of the shea- tree is round."

s.

Emmo,

li emi

Kuduru

fruit.

minister

tongs ; capture, seizure.

s.

The

En, adv. yes, so.

Ena, s. an inversion

words,

of the

letters, syllables,

of

order

which

sentences, under

or

agbede,
shop."

in the smith's

the governor

tongsare

who

balle

Emu

"

he
(lit.

the

is

sense

cealed
con-

employed by parties,
changed : occasionally
and to disguise
who may
wish to communicate
privately,
mi
the
from the bystanders; e.g. De
sense
babba, "Cover
father,"employed to signify
me,
or

Babba

Eni,

s.

for

mi

mat.

de, " My
Te

"

father is come."

eni fun mi

ndubulle,

ki

"

Spread a

mat

to lie on."

me

Enni, pi'on. Enniti, jwon.

w'hich.

person

iberu enniti
sends

'ni

aran

on

you

Enniti

"

he

one,
o
"

si,

who,

person,

the

ran

'ni ni ise li a iberu, aki

He

ought to
he

not

message,

to

be

feared

who

you

are

whom

sent."

Ennikan, 2)ron.
two,

one,

one,

any

certain

person

one

of many.

one

partner,companion, neighbour.
Ennikenni, Ennitowu, pron. whosoever, whoever,

Ennikeji,

either.
see."

"

Enni-Ipe,
96

of

s.

Ennikenni

"

Ennitowu
s.

person

ti iwo
ki

"

se,

ba

ri,

"

Whoever

called,summoned,

Whomsoever
it be."
or

invited.

any,
you

ENN

Ennirere,

good

s. a

Enniti-adatan,
made,

person.

that

insomuch

perfectly

completely or

adj. (lit.one

is bestowed

favour

every

on

him), happy, blessed.

Ennu,

mouth

s.

opening.

^N^\jfollowedhy Ra, (toperish)v.

"

mi

Ennu

"

to have

n.

no

My

ra,

tite.
appe-

appetite

(lit.
mouth) fails."
Si

(open),v.
food.

(open),V.

mi

"

mouth

;" (lit.my

returns

Ya

mi

Ennu

"

enjoy
appetite,
si, My appetite

to have

n.

n.

opens).

wonder.

to

Ennu

"

"

(siunderstood)
won,

ya

They

at me."

wonder

(See the previousword.)

Ennu-kokoro, s. bill,beak.
s. gate, doorway.
Ennu-Onna,
Ennu-ya,

v.

n.

Ennu-osoro,
"

"

"

"

s.
"

Ennu-soro,

Enyin, pron.

the

eaves.

s.

long beak.

ye, you.

Enyin-na, pron. yourselves.

refl.
(enyin-ti-ika-ara-nyin),
pron.

Enyintikaranyin

yourselves,you.
Epa, s. ground-nut ; ^Epa Bisan, s. the
^Epa Roro, s. the red ground-nut.
Epox,

s.

ground-nut ;

testicle.

ripeness; flattery.
Mo
Eran, s. the templesof the head.
li oju, I rest my
nwo
won
temple
watch their proceeding."
Epon,

oil

you

s.

fi

"

"

Eran,

s.

meat,

flesh,beasts

Eran-Eledde,
RiN,

s.

venison

Eran-Abekanna,

pork

s.

Eran-Agutan,

Eran-Galla,

Eran-malu,
s.

carnivorous

s.

my

hand

s.

mutton

to

Eran-Agbon-

beef.
animals

those which
from
(distinguished
of the
s.
Eranfun,
a largeanimal

97

upon

le eran,

owo

have

with

claws

hoofs).

buffalo kind.

ERA

Eranko,
Eranla,
Eri,

wild

s.
s.

beasts.

bull,cow.

ox,

witness, testimony. Eri

s.

bears

Eri-Eke,

mi

je

"

nso,

The

"

dence
evi-

out."

me

false witness.

s.

times ;"e.g.
Erin, adc. (usedonlyin composition),
three times. Cf.
^Erinmeji, "Emeji, twice; 'E.metta,
'^

Ara.

Erin, adj.four.

Erin-Odun,
Erin,

"

tan

laughter; when
falls a-dozing."
Erindilogun, adj.sixteen.
creates

'Eru,

followedby Ba,
dismayed. ^Eru
fell upon

s.

5.

oso,

bi
irin,

aba

to the

full,he

to

ba

be

mi,

'^

afraid,to fear,to
I

be

afraid,"(lit.fear

am

me).
of

handle

the

other

Eru,

joke is uttered, it

has eaten

one

v.n.

"

Eru,

erin li

fear,dread.

s.

^Eru

April.

sor9 tan
'ni," When

ni ikon

orun

month

aba

laughter. Bi

s.

yo

the fourth

s.

an

axe

or

hoe ;

(notappliedto

any

tool).

load, cargo, goods. Aki

"

"

What

is

ipe e

li

a load,should
(really)

ki ape e li
not be called an
eru

ornament."

Eru,

s.

slave,captive. Erii
"

ko

se

ku

iggi,eru

ommo

iya ko gbo
re

ri,"A

of

ku igbe ta, eru

ni ille iya
se
ommo
omm9
slave is not a senselessblock of wood (//^.
child

when

tree):
of

it,but when

lamentation

his mother's

house."

Eru,

s.

kind of

/
.Ereke,

Eke,

s.

s.

is the house
98

was

once

is

child in

home-born

slave.

cheek, jaw.
"

of

thing
no-

bound
plant used for washing hidemedicine
provocativeof appetite.

spice;
; a

hears

child dies,there
(free-born)

yet the slave, too,

animals

Eru-ibille,

slave dies his mother

Ereke

laughter."

ni ille

erin,
"

The

jaw

ERO

Ero,

s.

skill,art, contrivance.

s.

softness,easiness,gentleness.Bi iwo

^Ero,

"

afe li ele," If you do not

(be compelled)by force."

"

"

pesse ko
that it is

the snail."

recollect that it hurts

mud, marsh, bog.

s.

Ewo-erun,

Erun,

s.

Erun,

s.

the

also

and

as

There
bark

s.

both

dose

acts

in

coal,
making charand externally
internally

as

poison,against

and

s.

payment

vengeance,
; law-suit.

accusation

revenge,

Essan, adj.nine.
s. the ninth
Essan-Odun,
Esse,

used

much

antidotes.
as
palm-oilserve
that a fumigationmade
of the
is a superstition
and sickness.
of this tree drives away evil spirits

Esan, Essan,
s.

medicine

shea-butter

which

tree

excessive

an

season.

pieces,crumbs.

of

name

dry

the

s.

chip,broken

Erun,

^Eson,

month

retaliation.

September.

foot, path, track.

thingsarrangedin a line.
in rows.
regularly,
Esse-Esse, adv. orderly,
EssiN, Essi, s. shame, reproach,ridicule ; secret.
Esse,

s.

order

row,

s.

han,

dealt

EsE,

s.

Do

"

not

agbara mu
gently,is sure
with

the

to prosper;

vexation

causes
violently,

blow

ni ini 'ni lara," A

ti afi

with

Ma

"

reveal
"

ohun
ibaje,

with

my secret."
ti afi esso
carefulness, gentleness.Ohun

fi essi mi

Esso,

will

exceedinglygentle. Ero pessenkan

bi ara
mo
igbin, (You may say
only a) gentle(stroke; but) you do not
adv.

Ero-pessepesse,

Erre,

fe li ero

readily,you

consent

iw9

ko

ki

mu

matter,

matter, dealt

(to its author)."

fist; a broken

part of any

thing

slender.

EsiN, s. spear.
the

sight of

sightof
EsiN,

'99

s.

Esin

"

the

ri ogun jo,oko ri ogun

o
yo,
battle the spear
quivers: at

the battle the lance

horse

Esin-Oye,

s.

rejoices."

grey

horse.

"

At
the

ESO

Eso,

smelted

s.

iron.

Esse, s. sin, crime, offence, iniquity.

Esse-Obra, s. treason, crime againstthe sovereign.

Eta, s. bulb, tuber, under-ground fruit,as the yam and
of maize

potatoe ; head

the act of extension

; coarse

flour.

Etta, adj. three.

Etta-Odun, s. the third

Ettala, adj.thirteen.
Etta,

s,

ki

yi

kind
ota

of

mi,

month

Mo

leopard.
"

I have

"

tied the

remains

s.

okere

apa

of

etta

dead

re

wa

the

I have

my

tion
protec-

involve

in

me

ba

Bi enia enni

When

idi, o

mo

round

skin

cannot

"

"

etta

(i.e.

body.

ille,

etta

awo

so

waist ; you cannot

sell me
:"
of powerful friends; you
ruinous law expenses.)

Etta,

March.

li

ku

relative dies at

(such

distance,a small fragment of his remains

as

his

funeral
which
is brought home," over
nails)
rites are performed.
Ettan, ^Etan, 5. enticement, decoy,deceit,dissimulation,
guile.
di ette,
Ette, s. disgrace,shame, reproach. Asonmo
tance
okere ni idon, "Familiaritybreeds
contempt; dissecures
respect."
hair

or

"

^Ette, s. leprosy.
"

agogo
attacks
who

imo,
him

"

Amu

'ni

se

ette

ti imu

'ni li

Leprosy, desiringto disgracea man,

the tip of the nose
;" (said of one
on

tells another's

faults in

failure in
difficulty,
standingstill.
Etton, 6". branch, bough.
Ettu, s. guinea fowl, check

Ett],

essin

s.

public.)
performing one's

cloth.

See

wish

Aso-ettu

and

Awo.

Ettu,
Etu,

s.

s.

100

kind

of deer.

gunpowder
pain.

medicinal

powder

; that

which

lieves
re-

FA'

F.

Fa,

to

X). a.

"I

mi,

wipe, shave, clean, scrape.

shave

olori,"You

child's head."

my

shave

cannot

ommo

Ako

le ifa'ri lehin

head

in his absence."

"

man's

fa 'ri

Mo

"

to gatherearth into small

VkfollowedbyIlle (ground),
heaps (forthe purpose of cultivation).
Ille oko ti awon
agbe fa o po, The
ground which the farmers have prepared
"

"

is sufficient."
to lick up, lap. Imogunju9 li
(lick),
afi ifa pbbe la, With
the fore-finger
licks up the palaver-sauce."
one
draw, lead, pull; crawl (as a snail)
;

La

"

"

Fa, v.

and

a.

be viscous
"\

to

n.

ebb, abate,

diminish.

(mo-ara,close

followedh\jMora

the

to

body), to

embrace.
towards
(si-ehin,

Sehin

Ti

draw

back.

draw

the wood

'ni,abu 'ni

abu

ko

fa li

"

You

back."

eyi ti ako

Fa

"

that

which

we

aside."

without
Fa, Fati, rt6?i;.
freely,
Arin

back),to

iggisehin,

aside.
to draw
(aside),
fe ti si apakan, "Draw
don't want

"

fa

I wo

"

the

restraint; leisurely;
exceedingly.

oju akegan, ayan

li okowo

ni

ille,
"

man

kasa

li

walks

oju
at

of his defamer
in the presence
steps
; a man
of his abuser ; (when he
proudly in the presence
the abuser has
knows
that)neither of them has {Jit.

his

ease

not) twenty
Fadaka,
/

s.

"Silver

Fajere,

s.

cowries

silver.
"

in his house."

is the father of
the dawn.

babba

Fadaka

oje,wura

102

ide,

lead,gold is the father of brass."

(So

called

by

the

to look sad, be
v. n.
(fa-oju-ro),
the head.
Fari (fa-ori),
to shave
v. a.
Fari, s. display,
parade,boast.

Fajuko

babba

Mahommedans.)
displeased.

FAS

Fasehin, v.
Fati,

v.

keep back, abstain from.

ko
aside,keep aside. Bi nwon

to draw

n.

to draw

n.

or

fati si
ni 1S9 nwon
you in their company,
Fatelle, s. a small canoe.

apakan,

Fe, adv. for

"A

ever

ba

"

they do

not

want

aside."

go

time.

long,a long

If

"

fe

Kanrinkanrin

"

f6,

long time."

very

Febipa, Debipa,

v.

Fefe,

s.

confident

Fere,

s.

asthma.

Fere,

v.

a.

a.

to famish.

boasting.

sip.

to

Fere, Ifere, s. flute,

trumpet.
Ferese,

air-hole,aperture in

s.

house, window.

to surrender
{lit.to put
v. n.
(fi-eri-ba-ille),
to ; worship,adore.
the head), submit

Feriballe

down

Feribo, Foribo
iku

bo), v.

(
"

feribo o,

water

The

"

to

n.

is not

spoon

to endure
v. a.
Feriti,Foriti (fi-ori-ti),
Fetisi (
to listen,hearken.
v. a.
eti-si),

Ipon

"

ri

afraid of
its head

(lit.
seeingdeath, ventures

dare.

venture,

scalding
into it)."

persevere.

"

"

like,love
agree, be willing,
wish, incline,desire ; woo, court.
v.

a.io

Je

hy
folloived

Fe

KuN

to

ara

"

v.

I missed

tutu, "The

fe

bellows

The

the

blow

distort the face at work

n.

"

103

mi

ewure

kun

ni

thing,
ijetta,

blows; the body is cool."

fire.
"

the
;

Few

of

our

days

remain."

Ewiri ni ife ina

blacksmith's

breathe

Fefe, Ferefere, adv. nearly (usedof

fefe,

miss

to

my

wind

fan,winnow, blow

agbede,
Fe,

to

"

Afefe nfe
v. a.

Mo

something

goat three days ago."

blow (as the wind); love,wish,will,consent.
"

Fe,

listen

meals.

a.
v.
(deficient),
"

to

take

to

lose.

x". n.

ear,

consent, want,

for

to seek

v. a.
(eat),

eat;

Fe,

the

listen, incline

to

great attention.

with

Fe,

v. n.
ille),

Fetisille

fire."

heavily.
time). Ojo wa kun
"

"

(fe-efe),
v. a.

Pefe

to seek

FEF

to find

occasion

Feiiinti

lean
v. n. to recline,
(fi-ehin-ti),
Fe-idi, v. a. to investigate
matter.
a secret

fault; be

the back

sorious.
cen-

on.

Fejefeje, food,provision,subsistence.
V, n.
(fe-oju),

Feju

Feju,

v.

to look

n.

Afeju

"

does

not

toto

blow

to

blow

much,

vehemently.

sternlyor with distortion of the face.

ko mo
okonri, (Much) gesticulation
"

manliness."

prove

Felefele, adj.soft,of fine and delicate texture.

Felefele, Belebele, adj.thin and fiat,elastic.
Fennukonu

v. a. to kiss ; agree.
(fi-ennu-ko-ennu),
Fennusi
( si),V. a. to answer, reply to ; meddle with.
not heavy ; adv. almost, nearly.
Fere, adj.light,
Fe-rekoja, v. n. to blow vehemently. Afefe anna
ferewind
of yesterday blew
koja,"The
sure."
beyond mea"

"

Feri,

v.

n.

to

be less

hot,cool

little.

Fi, verbal prefix,used

only in composition,conveying
the idea of putting,
or
leavingin a place. It givesa
definite verbal meaning to the word
in conjunction
with which
it is employed ;
"Put
the
e.g. Fi aso sille,
clothes down."
farm."
ETisi,

Y\

The

"

fi mi

si oko,

i often is contracted

to listen

to, incline the

followedhy Balle

Bun

He

V. a.
(dip),
v.
(give),

FojuAiYE

in the

me

Fetisi,for Fi-

ear.

the

with, to put

away

Eran-rubo,

left

; e.g.

to touch
(ba-ille,

to do

Bo

"

ground)v.

away.

to

soak, steep,dip.

n.

give,grant.

v. a.

to

sacrifice

beast.

to give up
(fu-oju-aiye,

world),V.

a.

to deliver

a.

up

to be

to

the

gazed

by
public.
upon
Fun
v. a. to give to, to ofier.
(give),
the

"

FuNi(giveto one).iJ.a, togive,to present

"

to one.

104

FI

at the fire),
to warm
v. a.
(gbo-ina,
Fi/oUoivedb^GBO'NA
a thingat the fire.
Ha (suspend),
to hook
v. a.
on, hang on

pin
Han

between

or

(appear),v.
discover

Ji

v.
(to),

Jewo

forgive,
give as a favour.
to
a prohibition
(je-ew9-aiye,
to

world), V.

V.
(eat),

burn

the

in

; make

eat, devour

to

a.

life.
fire ;

to ashes.

consume

headman

or

Ka

to

a.

the

prive
death, de-

to

of
privileges

(burn), v.

scorch

condemn

to

a.

of the

Je

show, exhibit,reveal,

to

a.

stick.

; direct.

a.

aiye

Jona

forked

king,
post of authority
;

placein

reign,govern.
(upon),V. a.

thing

place one

to

upon

another.

K6

(hang),v.
hook

or

KoN

Le

"

(on),V.
Okonri
"

on.

to add

put, lay upon

le mi lowo,
Fi kinni na
a.

na

to

to,augment.
deliver

;
"

Deliver

hand."

that into my

Mo

pin,rope,

on

up

v. a.
(addition),

V.
(place),

up.

hang

to

; hook

KuN

or

a.

to

a.

fi oran

suspect; attach
na

mi,

mo

"

"

"

to.

The

"

man

"

of that matter."

suspects me

OW9-TA (touch slightlywith

V. a. to search
slightly
; touch

the

hand),

carelessly.
to curse, execrate; imprecate.
RE(curse),v.a.
Ro (swing),
V. a. to hang, suspend.
to sprain.
Ro (sprain),
v. a.
Ron

(chew),v.

a.

; masticate

to devour

(dip),V. a. to dip into sauce.

make
RuBO
v. a.
sacrifice),
(ru-ebo,
105

p
,

Ron

fice.
to sacri-

FI
Fi

San
followedbi/

(estimateat

San-owo-kan

with

treat

contemn,

You

'^

owokan,

cowry),v.

to

a.

lence.
si-

contemptuous
oliun,o fimi

ko da mi li

Iwo

"

estimate, value.

to

(pay),v,a.

did

not

despisedme."
V. a. to put, add
(to),

san

me,

answer

you

Si

Put

"

die si i,

Fi omi

"

to it."

little water

to.

to the ground),v. a. to put

(si-ille,
down
release,leave,forsake.
; acquit,
to the mind), v. a. to put into ;
SiNO (si-ino,

SiLLE

in mind,

keep

eyi sino

Fi
Sin

"

re,

SiNsiN

07'

in any

dash on
(so-ille,
strike down
lay
;

"

the

hide

to

v. a.
(secretly),

SoLLE

mind.

the

this into it."

Put

not to be traced

as

in

harbour

way,

conceal.

ground),v.
foundation

the

so

a.

to

of

house.

Son
Se

to accuse, complain of.

v. a.
(accuse),
(do),v.a.to change,constitute,appoint,

establish.
to ridicule),
v. a. to
(se-eleya,
fi mi selleya, Do
mock.
Ma

Selleya

"

"

not

me."

mock
Sessin

cule,
ridi-

v.a.to
cause
disgrace),
(se-essin,
bringinto publicdisgrace.

spise,
de-

(su-ara,collect near),i^ a. to treasure

up, lay by.
ter
(by),v.a. lean against; suspend a mat-

Sura

Ti

Tore

fix

finally.

(ta-ore,detach

away

as

v.
gift),

present,make

(twist),V.

We

a.

to

a.

to

give

present of.

resemble,

compare,

illustrate ; enwrap.

Fi, v.a.
to

to
one

106

to
swing, wave
side.
Iggiti mo
"

and
ru

fro, be unsteady,incline
fi

siwaju,spn

sehin

die,

FI

"

The

push it back
Fi,

wi

fun,

Nigbati

carryingis

am

did.

Nigbati iwo yio

were
going,whom

"

you
ofi fi fun

mi,

did give)it to
{lit.
by, to, with

gave

Fi, prep,

too

far forward

little."

When

"

"

were,

aux.v.

which

wood

me,

iwo

ha

fi

li

I9,ta

did you tell?"

he
ri i, " When

ko

did not

you

see

it ?"

to sit down.
v.n.
(idi-ba-ille),
FiFAYA, adj.torn, rent in pieces.
FiFi, FiNFiN, adv. dimly,darkly; s. the dawn, twilight.
FiFO, adj.blind ; broken as a vessel.

FiDiBALLE

the white

Fi-FUN, s. FuN-FUN, adj.whiteness,

part

adj.

white
.

FiFUNi,

v.a.

Fi-K

AK

ANN

to
ANNA,

grant,vouchsafe,give.
V.

a.

to

sliuga sHng.

cap, country cap like a

Abeti, Eti Aja, a cap with two

FiLLA,

s.

Filla

Fin,

hunter's cap.
mark
calabashes
to engrave,

Jofolo,

v.a.

with

hole

Fin

night cap.
flapsfor the

ears.

smoke,

smother

something.
A, s. a thin piece of
is inserted

Filla

; seek

leather

in the handle

of

so

as

fill a

bowls

to

find

out

length-wise(such
umbrella).

cut
an

or

as

{Eiig.),
Vinegar.
to be clean,neat, snuggy,
FiNJu (fin-oju),
V. n.
tidy.
to aggress, seek occasion for dispute.
FiNRAN
( oran),u.w.
with the adjective
FiOFiOjacZv.exceedingly
high,(conjoined
Ga). llle giga fiofio,An exceedinglyhigh house."
verbal adjectives.
FiRi, adv. far, greatly,much
; qualifying
llle yi ga ju tiwa lo firi, This house is much
higherthan ours."
Fitilla, s. lamp.
to be patientunder
FiYEDENo
tion
vexav. a.
(fi-iye-de-ino),
or
grievances.
to attend
to.
FiYESi (fi-iye-si),
v. a.
Fiyesiohun ti o
Mind
what you are doing."
nse,
Finiga,

s.

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

107

FIY

vouchsafe,
l\
h.
(fi-iye-si-ni),
To fiy(as a bird),jump, skip,leap; beat (as
from
heart
fear),pass or break off (as rainy

FiYEsiNi

Fo,

n.

V.

the

clouds),pass over."
Aiya fo mi, My
"

"

Fo,

V.

beats."

loneliness).Ofo

(emptinessor

9mm9
child's

"

mi," I feel loneliness

fo

mi

feel

to

a.

"

heart

rain passes off."

The

^Ojoo fo,

of my

account

on

absence."

FoFo,

s.

foam.

fo li

Fofo

"

oju omi,

floats

foam

The

"

on

the surface of the water."

njo fofo nino awo

silver plate glistens."

FoFO, adv. glittering,

dazzling. Wura
"

the

gilding inside

fadaka, "The

Yon followedhy Son,

(fi-oji-son).
for adultery.

FojisoN
accuse

to
-y. a. to be saucy,
(fi-ojudi),
Foju-KAN-wo
(fi ),V. a. to squint.
Foju-PE
(fi ),V. a. to wink with the
Foju-To
(fi ),V. a. to superintend
Fojusi (fi ),V. a. to attend to.
FoLOFOLo, s. the lungs,the lights.
bow
FoRiBALLE
v. n. to
(fi-ori-ba-ille),
adore, worship.

FojuDi,

a.

v.

to

sue

or

be insolent.

"

"

eye, beckon.

"

"

FoRi-si,V.

a.

to pay

attention

the

head, submit

to.

s. an
ungratefulperson ; one
(fi-ore-se-iggi),
evil
who does not acknowledge kindness, but returns
for good.
FoRiTi, Feriti (fi ),V. a. to endure, persevere.
to jump, skip,float.
v. n.
Omm9de
FosoKE, (fo-si-oke),
The
child jumped for joy."
fosoke fun ayo,
FoYA, V. n. to fear, be dismayed. Mo foyajojo, I was

FoRESiGGi

"

"

"

"

"

very

Fo,

afraid."

much
to wash

v.a.

rub

hard

with

V.

a.

108

and

n.

to

and

water

plants; speak,talk
Fo,

by rubbing or scrubbing,

clothes ; wash

break

brush

or

fibres of

the

language.
a

vessel

destroy

town

or

FOW
tFowoLE

le),V.

"

hand, place the

in

take

to

a.

hand

O fi ijafun Olorun
ja fowole eran,
upon.
the battle to God, and rest your head
"Leave
upon
of the Yoruba
favourite proverbof one
your hand;" a
Chiefs.

againstor

"

againstthe temple
while the elbow rests on the thighor on the table.
! Patience ! F9worano, ma
Hush
je ki
FowoRANO, interj.
let not the matter
Be patient,
ki o don 'wo,
na
oran
grieveyou."
Dide, to arise).
Fu, adv. at once, quickly (qualifying
FovyroLE-ERAN,

V.

11.

hand

placcthe

to

"

"

"

quickly."
brag, empty proud boasting. ^Mase
fu, " Arise

Dide

FuJA,

s.

Do

"

fuja mo,

"

boast

not

more."

any

to
pit-a-pat(used with the verb njo,
action of the
the increased
to describe
palpitate,"
heart produced by running). Aiya mi njo fukefuke,
My heart is palpitating."
FuLE, adj.soft.
softly.
FuLEFULE,[ac?v.
"

ach.

FuKEFUKE,

"

"

FuLUFULu,

the

s.

appliedto

Epo, Aso)

called

(sometimes

corn

enclose

leaves which

it when

this

Do

to me."

"

thingfor
Ofi fun

of Indian

head
term

usually

ripeand dry.

Fun, Fu, prep, for,to, on behalf

"

me."

mi,

"

"

He

of.
"

Se kinni

wi fun

gave

mi,

^'

yi fun mi,
He

told

Often

it to me."

it

used

O fun mi li
Fun mi, (Give) to me."
elliptically.
aso
meji," He (gave)me two piecesof cloth." Fun
li owo
u
oja re, (Give) him money for his goods."
Fun, Fu, followedhy Nisese, v. a. to employ, to give
"

"

"

"

"

work

one

Fun,

-y. a.

to do.

to be white.

"

Owu

na

fun

"

rekoja,

The

cotton

exceedinglywhite."
Funfun, Fufun, adj.white.
is

fuu-olorun, lit. for the earth's

(fun-illc,
accord, of one's
sake and for God's), adv. of one's own

FuNLE-FOLORUN

110

FUN

choice.

own

choice."

Fun, Fon,
bind

"

strew, scatter,

to

v. a.

se

sew

it of my

do

funle-folorun,I
"

Mo

own

squeeze, choke,

tight.
v. a.
(fun-ikon),

FoNKON

FuN-KON,

FuN-WARA,

FuN-OMMO,
Fun, Fon,

v.

V.

dischargemucus.

to milk.

a.

thin,abate.

to grow

n.

to

Ommo

"

fun

na

poju,

child is very thin."

be suspicious.O nfura bi elefo tette,
FuRA(fu-ara),v./2.to
The

"

"

the seller
as
suspicious
FuRA, FuLA, s. a cool beverage made
He

"

or

FuRU,

is

with

rice mixed
adv.

"

the verb

break,"

to

"

ja,

is
texture
with wdiich any fragile
njafutefute,"The cloth tears very easily."

Aso

load is

My

corn

ease

heavy.

not
FuYE, adj.light,
"

Indian

from

honey.

(usedwith
easily

describe the

torn).

tette."

of the herb

quietly.
silently,
adv.

FuTEFUTE,
to

as

"

ti emi

Eru

fuye ju ti re lo,

lighterthan yours."
G.

Ga,

s.

Ga,

v. n.

title of office.
to

adverb

"

"

FioFio,
tree

by the
high, tall,lofty(qualified
very "). Iggi arere
ga fiofio, The
very lofty."
be

"

is

Gagaje, Adere-odo,

s.

tree

found

the water, many

near

above

ground.
the verb Ha,
Gaga, adv. closely(qualifying
The
room
squeeze). Aye ha gaga,
of W'hose roots

are

arere

"

"

to

press
is crammed

or

full."

Gagalo,

5.

stilts made

six to

from
"

of bamboo

twelve

Gagalo

subu

feet
owo

'

made) ;" appliedto

awhile
111

some

desired

other

kind

of

wood,

men.
by native showopako, (When the man
hand
(of another)gets
the stilt was
(of which

long,used
te

then the
the) stilt falls,
possession of the bamboo
on

or

"

aspirantwho monopolisesfor
which, on his overthrow,
object,

any

GAL

falls into the hand

have

of

Pride

'

Cf.

else ;

one

some

will

fall.'

deer,stag.
Gamugamu, s. a long sharp hatchet used by warriors.
strike with
a
forest,
; cut
Gan, v. a. to sew coarsely

Galla,

s.

pointof
fun mi,

thing;take by little at

Stitch this cloth for me."-

"

time.

"

Gan

"

the

yi

as9

gan obbe,
the dish ; (lit.

'ma

dip your sop too deep into

Awa
are
by little)."
Dip the sauce
ngan igbo, We
cuttinga forest." I wo gan mi li okoto, You struck
with the pointof your top."
me
Enniti a ko fe
Gan, v. a. to contemn, despise,backbite.
li a igan, E[e who is not loved will be despised."
perpendicularly
exactly,
Gan, Gangan, adv. upright,straight,
middle
of the day ; very.
Balogun
; the
war-chief stood upduro
loju ogun, "The
right
gangan
li ossan
in the face of battle."" Alejo ba mi
"

Do

not

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"A

gangan,

to

stranger came

me

of the

in the middle

"
The knife is very sharp."
gangan,
Gangan, s. a small bit or drop (appliedto soup, sauce,
"
or
stew). Bu omitoro gangan si i fun mi, Give me

Obbe

day."
"

mu

"

little

him

Gangan,
"

"

drum,

s.

The

w^ar

drum.

"

Gangan

is destitute of ornament

gangan

adj. very

Ganganrangan,

"

Akuko

le

li 9 wo,

"Give

bit."

small

Son gangan

soup."

more

ganganrangan,

ko

ni

saworo,

(lit.
bells)."

large; bulky and

A very largecock."

high.
"

contemner.
despiser,
Ma
lo li okankan
direct.
Ganran, adv. straight,
ganran,
forward."
Go on straight
been
rowed
borto have
(This word seems
Gari, s. saddle.
from the Haussa
or
Nufi.)
Gariki, Ganiki, s. (Haussa)shield.

Ganigani,

s.

"

"

Gba,

and

v. a.

stick

omi,
112

or
"

cleanse ; slap, strike with a

sweep,
something flat ; drift. Iggi ngba kiri nin9
n.

to

"

The

about
stick is drifting

in the water."

GBA'
Gb.\

followedby

(about)to

Kmi

be

driven

or

body),v.

a.

tossed

about."
Mora

(closeto

Mu,

seize.
"

a.

to

help ;
Gba

in leaves.
wrap
v.
followedby Adura (prayer),

obbe
man

knife."

take, admit, deliver, save,

strain

of

brace.
em-

gripe,

grasp,
enniti o yo

lay hold

not

has drawn

who

Gba, v.

Do

to

to

gba

Mase

"

mu,

hold,

to

a.

V.

the

rescue

receive

God

to

to pray

n.

to false gods).
(notapplicable
DuLUMo
to slander, accuse
v. a.
(slander),
falsely.See Dulumo.
Gbo
(to hear),v. a. to believe,obey.
Idaraya
to take exercise.
v. n.
(exercise),

La

(to save),v.
apoti ti

li

I fell into

which

I held

gba

the

saved

omi,

sino

b9

mo

liver.
de-

rescue,

save,

dimu

mo

When

box

to

Nigbati

"

""

a.

mi

la,
the

water,
me."

by blood),v. a. to bleed,
(ni-ejje,
Onisegun gba okonri na
cup.
^' The
doctor cupped the man."
lejje,
liver
Lowo
(by the hand),t\". to help, de-

Lejje

"

Shake

"

shake
my

NiYANJU

Pada

"

Gba

ada

billhook

your

re

door
113

slammed

door).
"

when

Mo

se

illekun

I shut it."
Q

a.

to receive

pada,

Take

^'

back."

Gba, adr. loudly, (describingthe sound

a

lowo,

exhort.

v.
(back or return),

back.

slamming

mi

hand."

to encourage,

a.

Gba

"

(ni-iyanju,
encouragement),

V.

hands.

produced by
ro
gba, The
"

GBA

Gbagbandidi,

Gba-gba-ro,

calabash.

dry uncut
the edges of

s. a
s.

the

roof

projectingover

the

walls,eaves.
to
(gba-igbe,

Gbagbe

receive

v.
oblivion),

to

a.

forget,

neglect.

vociferously,
loquaciously.Obiri
is always brawling."
gbai, The woman
oneself with a girdle.
v. n. to bind
(gba-oja"),

Gbai, adv.

very,

"

na

"

nso

Gbaja

Gbajamo,

s.

trade of

Gbejje

Gbaje,

barber.

v.
(gba-ejje),

blood, cup,

take

to

a.

bleed
=

Gbajumo

( oju-mo),adj.neat, decent, clean (applicable

persons only). Gbajumo enia, He is a tidyperson."
"

"

to

"

Gbako, adv. exactly,fitly,

suitably,
precisely.Mo
"

ibe

li odun

one

year."

I remained

v. n.
(gba-ille),

Gbille

Gballe,

gbako,

kan

"

to

there

gbe
exactly

increase,
overspread,

extend.
adv.

Gbamgbam,

tightly,compactly. Di okete re
gbamgbam, Tie your load togethertightly."
hall.
Gbangan, s. a spaciousairyroom,
Gbangba, s. a plain,open place ; demonstration
; adj.
plain,open, evident.
(used also to signify)
a
Gbani, Igbani,s. (proi)erly)aspan,
ni gbani meji, I
lu aso
cubit.
Mo
tw^o
na
gave
"

"

"

"

to

measures

Gbara,

v.

a.

the cloth."

to boil

parboil.
slightly,

after.
V. a. to crowd
(gba-ti),
for the dead ; fast.
to mourn
Gbawe
v. n.
(gba-aiwe),
to move,
accomGbe, v. a. and n. (jminaiyidea, to lift),
[^ plish; be, abide ; be lost,perish. Aki ida owo le
le igbe, A thing which
be acohun
ti ako
cannot
complished
should never
be undertaken."
(lit.
lifted)
Igbo li eranko igbe, Beasts inhabit the forest."
mi gbe, My child is lost."
Ommo
Gbati

"

"

"

"

"

"

'

114

GBE

Ghi

followedhi/Ga

(to be high),v. a. to raise or

make
much
up, magnify, exalt,
(tosuspend),r.
upon.

mi
load

my
of the tree."

(upon) V.

Ka

boxes

kalle, " I do

wish

not

to

put down

basket."

(away) v.
Gbe

"

and

a.

absorb, be lost in

n.

to

way."

swallow,
of other

midst

the

move.
re-

oju onna,

of the

out

stone

(toswallow),V.

li

kuro

okuta

from,

take

to

a.

the

"Remove
Ml

the

"Place

won,

ground),v. a. to put
ko fe igbe agbon mi

Emi

"

place upon.

or

another."

upon
(upon the

down.

KuRO

ara

one

Kalle

my

set

to

a.

apotika

Gbe

"

hang or place
ha li pripalaka,
the bough
upon

to

a.

Gbeeru

"

Suspend

"

of,

in rank.

advance
Ha

lift

things. Adire gbe owokan mi, "The

fowl has swallowed
a cowry."
Soke
on
top),v. a. to lift up,
(si-oke,
hoist,set up, exalt,magnify;support.
to dash),v. a. to dash
Sanle
(san-ille,
"

with violence.
ti 9 pa
on

sanle," The

so

much

killed

v.

n.

to

be
be

annex

'^The

houses

rat

offended
me,

as

to

on

ti enniti 6
'

said,

with

I do not feel

the

with

him

gbe
who

man

dashed

who

"

ground afterwards :' (i.e.

who
added insult to the injury).
contiguous,advantageous, helpful to ;
ko ille gbe ara
difficult. Nwon
won,
me

Gbe,

ko don

on

ille ni ti enni-

Ekute

"

on

the

"

are

built close to each

other."

"

Ohun

"A delicate thing is easily{lit.

not
elege ki igbeibaje,
difficult to be) injured."
115

GBE

awa

(Thisparticle
givesthe force of the past
it precedes.) -Niwaju afin li
to the verb which
It was
in the front of the palace
gbe ko'ra wa,

that

we

that.
Gbe, conj.
tense

"

"

met

one

another."

n. to understand
a language;
(gbo-ede),!;.
be sagacious.
Gbedegbevo
s. an
( gbo-eyo),
interpreter.
farewell,salutation.
Gbere, s. leave-taking,
Gbero
v. a. to consider,
intend,purpose,
(gba-iro),

Gbede

know

"

late,
calcu-

reckon.

Gbe, adj.dry.
"

brook

Gbe,

v.

is

n.

like

to

gbe

li odo

dry."
sharpen (a stick)
; to

Sokori,
make

"

The

noise,or

Sokori

cackle

hen.

Gbedu,

Omi

s.

drum

beaten

in honour

of the

king or great

men.

water.
water

"

adv.

extensively
; coveringa largespace, as
Omi
'Ogun kon gbedugbedu, "The'Ogun
spreadsextensively."

Gbedugbedu,

v. a. to bleed.
(gba-ejje),
to trust or depend
Gbekkele
v. a.
(gbe-ekke-le),
upon.
Gbenagbena
s
.
a
(gbe-onna), carpenter,sawyer; one who

Gbejje

works

in wood.

Gbengbe, adv. flatly,

evenly. O
"

te aiya

gbengbe,

"

He

well-expandedchest."
Gbengbe, adv. largely. Adire gbengbe ige,"A fowl with
a largebreast."
Gbengbegbengbe,
adj.very large,bulky,fat,heavy ; (applied
to fowls or other birds.)
Gbessan
to take
v. a.
(gba-essan),
vengeance,
revenge,
has

"

retaliate.
v.
(gba-ese),

Gbese

n.

to incur

Gbi-gba, verbal adj.that wliich

in leaves,or strained.
Gbi-gbe, verbal adj.that which
Gbi-gbo, verbal adj. that which
116

guilt.
is to

be

received,folded

is to be carried ; s. a loss.
is ripe; s. maturity.

GBO

to fix the

v. a.
(gbe-oju-le),

Gbojule

confidence

; to

upon

eye

put

trust in.

or

word.
word, a mere
s. a
(gbo-ni-ohun),
gbolohun kan, I spoke a singleword."
to be warm,
hot.
v.n.
(gbo-ina),

Gbolohun

Mo

"

"

fo
Gbona

Gbongbo,

root

s.

v.
(gbo-ennu),

Gbonu

of

bottom

deny, insist

to

n.

matter.

opposition

in

on

to advice.

broad.

adj.wide,

Gboro,

Gboro, Igboro,
Gbonju,

v.

s.

for beasts.

snare

to arrive at

n.

develope itself; (a

to

marking

term

begins

the memory

age when

an

particular

periodof childhood.)
Gbo,

v.

Gbo,

v.

hear, attend, listen.

to

n.

Gboddo,

aitw.

Gbon,

n.

v.

Enniti

is

who

"

Ifa, (The priest)

"

iu 'ni lo ni ite 'ni ni

induces

craftythan another,
worship of Ifa."

more

bale

out

hy
foiloived

Lese

v.

not.

wise, clever, sensible,cunning,crafty.

gbon

adopt the
Gbon,

not, shall not, must

dare

V.

to be
o

luxuriantly.

flourish,grow

to

n.

to

n.

with

strike

water;

him

to

stick

or

fist.

Gbon

v.
fist),
(ni-ese,

with

to smite

a.

the fist,box.

Gbon,

v,

n.

to shake

be
violently,

agitate.Mo gbon
"

reduced

am

feet

G'"h^

to

li 9W0

extreme

poverty

shaken.")
followedhy Kanakana,
mi

v.

moved

a.

to

move

lesse

temi

tan, " I
and

hands

My
(lit.

to

a.

to

sling.

On gbon
surpass, exceed.
lo, " He is greater than I."

a.

to

tears.

"

"

Ekun

gbon mi,

"

was

to tears."

GB0NGB9N, adv.
gb9ngbon,

"

very

The

Gbongbon-Gbongbon,
118

gbon

mo

circumstances,

are

Lo, v.
Gbon,

in adverse

(appliedto depth).
pitis very deep."
"

adj.clumsy.

Koto

na

jin

GBO

Groro,

sprouts of the pumpkin, called also Isi.

s.

Gboro,

adj. long

slender

"

heard

We

Iggi gboro,

"

"A

long

stick."

v. a.
(gbo-iro),

Gburo

slender.

and

to hear

of.
"

Awa

gburo won

lanna,

of them

yesterday."
without
cessation.
Gburu, adv. in torrents, violently,
'Ojonro gburu, The rain pours in torrents."
Go, V. a. to puzzle,perplex. Oran na go mi jojo, That
word
puzzled me very much."
dull.
Go, adj.stupid,
Go, V. n. to be long and slender (as grass)
; stoop, hide
in a stoopingposition. O go lehin okuta nla, "He
hid himself behind
the largerock."
of lots (a children's
GoGGO, -5. horse's mane
; casting
game
with
of
is bent:
played
pieces
one
grass, of which
he who draws the bent one is called guilty)
; a hooked
stick used for pluckingfruit off trees.
"

"

"

"

"

GoGGOwu,

s.

large country cloth,a

sheet.

GoiGOi, adv. untidily,

sluggishly.
GoMBo,

5.

GuDEGUDE,

small
s.

iron spoon

used

for

snuff.
retailing
cloudiness, damp atmosphere. Gudegude
"

Clouds
from
je orun ki 9 ran,
prevent the sun
shining."
a poisonouswild
s.
GuDUGUDU,
Gudugudu kan li
yam.
egbo kanrinkanrin, The gudugudu is very acid at
root."
the
The
Gudugudu ko se ibe elubo,
"

ko

"

"

"

"

gudugudu
Gudugudu,

s.

will not
a

kind

do

to be

of small

made

into flour,"

drum

producing a

tenor

sound.
Gudugudu,

adv. in

GuFFE,

to

Gun,

V. n.

Gu,

v. a.

pierce;
Okko

belch,eruct.
to

u. n.

meji

beat, pound, stick with

to

gun

Gun, Gu, adj.long ;

119

scramblingway.

come

to

loni,

v. a.

harbour,

"Two

to mount.

pointedthing,

anchor,

vessels

land.

arrived

"

day."
to-

GUN
GuNLE

v.
(gun-ille),

land

to

n.

aground.
GuNRON
v. n. to recline
( iron),
GuNUGUNU, s. the turkeybuzzard.
"

on

ashore

run

cushion.

to be fledged. A won
v. n.
(gun-iye),
ommo
ko to ifo,sugb9n gbogbo W9n gunye," All the
but they cannot
birds are fledged,
flyyet."
Gusu, s. {Hanssa)south.

GuNYE

run

eiye

"

young

H.

Ha,

I wondered

"

Ha,

astonishment.

amazement,

s.

v.

a.

to

woods

in

straitened.

\{k

si

oran

na,

house, get entangledbetween

be

to
passage,
fu mi
gaga,

narrow

ha

Aye

"

straitened

mi

se

at the matter."

lock, wattle
or

Ha

"

"

crowded
I

or

much

am

for room."

followed hy Laye

v. a.
(ni-aye),

to

throng,squeeze,

of room.
press for want
ha mi laye,nko le iwo

Awon

"

pressedby

the

enia

ille, I
"

people,I

am

cannot

go

into the house."

Mo,
Ha,

v.

a.

to

V.

a.

lock,block up, keep in,enclose.

to

bruise,scratch, scrape.

Ha, adv. indeed, then

in interrogative
(usedemphatically
and negativesentences.)Nkan
wonyin ha ri behe
bi, Are these thingsindeed so '?" Nkan wonyin ko
ha ri behe ba, No indeed,they are not."
no
indeed,{alwaysfollowedhy Ba).
Ha, adv. {emphatic)
;

"

"

"

"

"

Ki

ihci se

emi

ba,

"

Not

I;

no

indeed."

of surprise.
iw^er/.expression

Ha!
Halle

Hamora

Han,

v. n. to boast,brag.
(ha-ille),
to put on armour,
v. n.
(ha-m9-ara),

v. n.

to be

gently.
120

unfruitful,
sandy,worn

out ;

be

v.

a.

bered.
encum-

to scrape

HAN

Han,

v.

Han,

to appear,

n.

v.

child
Han

to

n.

be in

scream.

Ommo

"

de

visible.
ban

yi

"This

goro,

shrill scream."

gave

sight,be

followedhy

Lemo

(ni-emo),v. a. to treat one badly.

Hanahana,
Hanyiiianyi, adj. coarse, rough, uneven.
Hanna, s. an
idiot,madman, fool ; a wicked
a
person,
vile person.

Hantuuu,

He,

v.

by

one

write.

{Haiissd)to

v. a.

gather togetherthingsscattered,to pick

to

a.

Hantu,

or

one.

^Awa

"

nhe

li

ere

oko,

We

"

up

ing
gather-

are

beans in the farm."

He, E,

Sir, Madam

s.

females

Hevi,

to elders

to elders

superiors).

or

Sir,Madam;

s.

by

made

(respectfulanswer

made

answer
(respectful

by

males

superiors).
HiiiA, verbal adj.that which is to be scraped; scraped.
Hiiia, verbal adj.narrow.
^n\^, verbal adj.that which is to be picked up.
is to be stripped off, or
HiHo, verbal adj.that which
or

peeled as
Hinu,
Ho,

the fibre of trees.

conduct, behaviour.

s.

to

v.n.

boil, ferment, bubble, froth,foam;

noise,shout.
H6,

V.

Ho,

Ha,

a.

"The

Ho,

V.

to

Ose

"

putu, "

of yams

strait.

-^Onna

adj.narrow,
and

n.

"

to admit

narrow

to scratch

two

lathers well."

Tiie soap

peel off (the rind

path is too
a.

nho

make

fruits).

or

ho,

feet

peel off bcirk

gba eji,
(sideby side).''
ko

esse

turn

; run,

tail.

Ho, adv. not, (used often for Ko).

exclamation.
a contemptuous
Ho, inierj.

Hoiio, s.abirdlike
Hoiiu, Howu,

V.

a w
interj.

streaks

the head.

on

expressingsurprise. Holm
akun
u ;
(a play on the word

ord

"

untranslateable).

Hohu

Hu,

with white

crow

ti ohii li esin

Iho

HoNRUN

the

to snore.
v. n.
(h9n-orun),
to shoot, germinate; rot,
n.

wood
121

; come

to notice.
H

as

clothes,rope,

or

HU
lit

IwA, IIuwa,
followedbi/^

v.

to

n.

behave, conduct

oneself.

Hu,

V.

to

a.

ground, disinter

of the

pull out

which

that

buried.

was

folloivcd
hy Iko, Huko, v.n. to cough.
to
think, meditate, originatea
V. n.
(hii-imo),

Hu
HuMO

thought.
Hun, s. the grunting of

the

pig ;

(hu-iwa),v.

HuYE

v. n.
(hii-iye),

pression.
ex-

Iwa.

followedhy

See above, Hu

HuwA

contemptuous

fledge.

to

I.

T,used

as

it is

which

prefix,givingto the radical verb to

of an action still
prefixedthe signification

nominal

in

progress ; e. g,
hiding. See E.

v.

"

Ba,

to

hide,
"

s.

Iha, the

of

act

a verb
ohj.case,{?iheY
\,2iron.
ending with i) him, her, it.
fi iggiti i, I pushed it with
Ki i
Mo
stick."
a
"

"

"

"

molle, Press
Iba, s. a hit, the
with

it down."
act

meeting, a coming

chance.

lucky

of

ojurere, I did not meet

v.
Iba, defect,
had, would
"

"

Iba,

he

Had

lati

him
have.
have

(gbo-ina),s.

Igbona-ara

bulle

I would

come

Iba

"

anna

wa,

"

Fever

bii

ti

mo

in

happy

On

iba

"

in

contact

ko

iba,

se

condition."

de

emi

alo,

gone."
fever.

"

has

Iba

li

prostratedme

da

mi

since

yesterday."
Iba, s. the
or

act

of

hiding,ambuscade;

weaving coarse

grass

into

the

act of

plaiting

mat.

Ibade, s. accordance,suitability.
IbadI

of
s. hip,joint
(iba-idi),

Ibafin,s. eunuchs.
Ibaiyeje

122

world

thigh.

See Bafin.

the
s.
(ba-aiye-je),

turning the

the

act of

upside down.

spoilingthe

world

IDA

witli.
s. the act ofeating,associating,ordealing
InAJE,(ba-je),
Ibaje, s. the act of destroying,
or
corrupting;
spoiling,
injury,corruption. Ibajeisu ni ibajeobbe. Enniti o
se
ibajeenia, o se ibajeara re, The badness of the
is (laidto) the badness
of the knife (but it is
yam
discovered
that it is the yam
that is in fault ; so)
soon
"

"

(only)injureshimself."

he who

injuresanother
Ibaje-Ino, s. grief,
sorrow.
Ibaka, s.

mule.
as

Ibakasie,s.

O' ni ika nino

"

bi

is

He

"

ibaka,

as

born
stub-

mule."

camel

{Haussa).

also called Rakumi

part of

Iballe

loose

Iballe-oko,s. a stone's cast.

Ibalogun, Balogun
s.
(9bba-ni-ogun),
war-chief.
warrior,officer,

captain, head

flow of a garment, the

s.
(ba-ille),
settlement,
dress,a train ; quietness,

Ibalogun-orun,

s.

centurion, captainof

hundred.

accompaniment.
Ibaluwe
Ibaluwe, s. a wash-house.
gbe ille se bi akuro,
A sculleryis a part of the house, but (yet)it is (as
wet
as)a garden by the waterside."
Ibamolle
s. ambuscade.
(ba-mo-ille),
of polluting
Ibanije
or
corrupting.
s. the act
( enia-je),
Ibanise ( se),s. the act of helpingor actingwith.
Ibante, s. an apron worn
by males ; Ibante Alayekan,
s. the
(ba-lo);

Ibalo

of

act

going with

"

'^

"

"

s.

a-

kind

Etiaja, s. an
apron ; Ibante
in imitation
of a dog's ear ; Ibante

of

narrow

made

apron

Gambari,
Haussa

kind

two

introduced
of apron
Ibante
Olojumeji, s.

from

kind

country
with

apron

s.

openings;

of apron.

"

Salala

Ibante

babba

Salala,

the

kind

a
s.

of

rior
supe-

ibante, "Salala

is

{Ut.father)of all aprons."

Ibapade
s. a chance
(ba-pade),
meeting.
Ibaptismu, s. (Gr.)baptism.
of beingfriendly
Ibare (ba-re),
with,friendship.
s. the state
the chief

Ibasopo
123

(
"

so-po),s. communication,

communion

with.

IB A

tan),s. a being related to, belongingto the

line of a family; relation, kindred.
the act of callingto judgs.
Ibawi, Ibawijo
(wi-ejo),
ment
; judgment ; rebuke.
s. prime minister.
Ibasorun, Basorun
(obba-se-orun),
with,or dwellingtogether.
5. theactof living
iBAGBE(ba-gbe),
Ibeji (bi-eji),
5. twins.
Ibepeje (ba-epe-je),
s. oath-breaking,
perjury.
Ibere (bi-ere),
s.
inquiry. ^"Ibere ki ije ki enni ki 6
quiry
sinna, enni ti ko le ibere li o npmi 'ra re li ojn, In-

Ibatan

[y^

(
"

"

"

saves

from

man

inquirygets himself

mistakes

makes

he who

no

into trouble."

Ibe, adxi. there.

Ibebbe, (be-ebbe),s. prayer,
of

^Ibekke,s. name
Ibepe, SFbo,s.

supplication.

bird.
bi

and fruit. O ha
tree
mora
pawpaw
"
himself like the pawpaw
ibepe, He encumbers
(when laden with fruit)."
"

s. beginning,commencement,
(be-ere),

Ibere

tree

stooping.

dread.
6-. fear,
(ba-eru),
Iberubojo
s.
fear, dread, trembling.
(ba-eru-ba-ojo),
Iberubojoni mo fi pe e, ** With fear and tremblingI
Iberu

"

called him."
s. bribery,
(be-te-ille),
beggary.
visit,a peeping at.
''Ibewo,s. visitation,
Ibi,s. the act of pushing or vomiting,a violent push.

Ibetelle

'

Ibi, s. evil,ill use, ill treatment.

ki afi ibi
should

"/

su

u,

"

He

who

"

has

Enia
done

ki ise 'ni ni
a

you

kindness

be ill-used."

never

Ibi,5. inquiry,
question; place.
Ibi,s. birth,child-bearing.Ibi k"iijuibi,bi ati bi
"

abi ommo,

Ibille
Ibille

"

Birth does

differ from

not

birth

born, so was the slave."

s.
one
home-born, a domestic.
(bi-ille),

freeman

w^as

s. aborigines.
(bi-ille),

IbI-mbf,.9.
124

as

rere

one

is

born, in

state of nature.

eru
as

li
the

IBU

Iijuuu,ado. sidewise,obliquely,alongshore. Ibubu

li

"

liatu'Ossa,ibi ti a
must
navigatethe

Okun, ododo

atu

"Alongshore you
channel
where

Iiju,s.

Oyan,

atu

ocean

down

the

navigate the (lagoon) Ossa :

Oyan."
may navigatethe (river)

must

you

ba li

you pleaseyou
abstraction of a part.

abode.
s. a dwelling-place,
(ibi-ijoko),

"luujoKo

kon

postsand doors.
increase.
Ibu(bu-kon),5.adding to; a blessing,
ille,ibukon oja ki 9 ba '9, May the increase of

the

house

Ibuke, s.
Ibukon

of

carver

"

"

of the market

the increase

and

befal you

!''

subtraction.
s. deficiency,
(bii-kun),
Ibulle
s. a recumbent
position.
(ba-ille),
Ibun, s. the act of giving or rewarding; donation,presentation

^Ibukun

(bu-ara),s. oath, the

Ibura

act of

swearing or

taking

oath.

perjury,false swearing.
Iburu, s. wickedness,evil.
Ibusi (bu-si),
addition to, a blessing.
s. an
Ibuw^on (bu-won),
s. aspersion,
sprinkling.
Ibura-Eke,

s.

Ida, 5. creation,formation
decision

Ida, s.

payment

bees' wax,

tar ;

wax,

ing,
cessation,division,a breakof taxes

Ida-Eti,

Ida, s. time, interval,season,

yi anna

ti

d^,

"About

good
ear

given

this

time

health.

wax.

space.

"

Ni

yesterdayhe

ida
rived."
ar-

sword.
Ida, .y. cutlass,

Ida-Assa,s.

remnant

cloth

patch

to

Idado, Adado,

s.

Ida-duro,

Idacuri,s.
Idagudde,

s.

an
s.

Idaiioro, s.
12G

from

the

loom, remnant,

piece of

with.

an

island.

being stopped

or

hindered,

alarm.

cold,gloomy, damp weather.

desolation.
the state of being desolate,

tion.
deten-

IDA

reply.
half,moiety; a flaw in cloth.
Idaji,Idameji (da-meji),s.
Idajo (da-ejo),
5. judgment, sentence
pronounced.
Idajo (da-jo),
gether.
s. a collecting,
a
collection,a putting toIdaiiun,s.

answer,

Idajo-lu, s. the

of

condemning.
Idakoja
of passing over
act
s. the
a thing by
(da-koja),
the foot over
tree
it,(as over
a
lifting
lyingacross
act

road).

the

Idake, Idakke, Idake-je, Idake-roro,

s.

rest, quietness
;

a calm.
stillness,
silence,
Idakkoro, s. anchor.
Ida-meji, s. half,moiety.

Ida-merin,

s.

Ida-mewa,

s.

a
a

fourth
tenth

part, a quarter.
part.

s.
(da-mo-oran),

Idamoran

Ida-mo,

mistaken

s.

view, an

device,a plan.

opinion supposed

affirmed.

and

Ida-mu,

the

s.

act

of

sion.
perplexing,perplexity,confu-

a knot
sleightof hand ; a joint,
gloss,brightness
; a piece of cloth

Idan,

correct

s.

of native

of grass
sewn

to

or

straw

tom
the bot-

trowsers.

feast,the

act of

cooking.
of being reIdande
s. redemption,the state
deemed
(da-ni-ide),
from bondage.
appointing,
act of diss. the
Idanilara, Idaniloju
(da-enia-li-ara)
annoying ; certainty,
mortifying,or

Idana,

s.

surety.
s. exercise,exertion.
(dan-ara-wo),
Idan-wo, s. attempt, trial,temptation.
^Ida-po,s. mixture ; union ; communion, fellowship.
Idaran
offence, trespass.
s. transgression,
(da-oran),
offence againstthe sovereign).
Idaran-Obba, s. treason [lit.

Idanrawo

Ida-ra,

s.

127

goodness,beauty.

IDA
liveliness
cheerfulness,

agility,
activity.
.s. forgiveness,
(da-ori-ji),
pardon.
( aro),s. anxious concern, anxiety.

Idaraya,
Idariji

Idaro

s.

"

s. that
aron-si-ille),

Idaronsille

"

which

creates

disease

pestilence.

or

Ida-ru-da-po,

5.

the act of

mingling

in

confused

mass,

confusion.
Ida-si

s.

Idasille

remnants
; officiousness.
gleanings,
s.
(si-ille),
commencing, invention ;

Ida-se, Adase,

Ida-w6, s.

s.

venture,

consultation

ordinance.

risk,hazard.

of the

gods,or

oracles.

Ida-wo, Ida-ro, s. iron dross.

union.
joiningof hands together,
^Ide,s. the act of being confined,bondage,bond.
s. starvation.
Idebipa, Ifebipa (da-ebi-pa),
Idehun
s. bargain,
(de-ohun),
agreement.
for family
Idele
s.
(de-ille),
guardianship; medicine

Idawopo,

s.

use.

after the
officer who
s. a resident
sees
(de-onna),
tory
interest of his sovereignwithin the limit of his terriof watching the road ; ambuscade
act
;
; the

^Idena

custom-house
Ideri

; hinderance.

s. cover,
(de-ori),

lid.

IdetI

s. the
(idi-eti),
temple of the head.
Ide, s. chase, game,
hunting, baiting; settinga
tempting,decoying.

trap,

Ide, 5. brass.

^Ide, s.

the

of

or
slackening,loosening,softening,
ripening; glass bottle holding from three- to five
called by sailors a demijohn.
gallons,
Idebbi (da-ebbi),
s. judgment,sentence.
Idegbe (de-igbe),
chase.
s. a hunting,
Ideru
See Jdi.
s.
(di-erii),
s. alarm
iDERUBA(da-eru-ba),
; discouragement.

Ideti

act

(deeti),s.
128

inclination

of the ear,

ing.
hearkenlistening,

IDE
Ideti

to accomplish.
s. failure,
(di-eti),
inability
Idewo
trial,snare.
(de-wo),s. temptation,
Idi,s. eagle. Idi babba
eiye, idi babba akosa, The
eagleis the princeof fowls ; the eagle is the prince
of birds of prey."
'Idi,Edi, the act of binding or packing ; bundle ; bud ;
"

"

sheaf.

IdI,s. waist, rump

; cause,

; diminution.

conclusion,end

reason,

So idi

"

re

fun mi.

"

Tell

dation
foun-

me

the

reason."

Idi-agbado, Apo-agbado,
Idi-de,s. the
Idijii

s.

shock

of

corn.

resurrection.
rising,
alarm.
s. fear,
(da-iji),
fright,
act

of

Idi-mu,s. grasp.
Idin, Idi, s. name

of

tree, the

of

root

which

is

chewed.

Idin, s. maggot.
Idina

s.
(di-onna),

that

which

shuts

road

the

hinder-

obstacle.

ance,

Idino

s. anger,
(di-ino),
passion.
Idinu (di-ennu),
s. the act of binding the
^Idi-po,5. union, unity,combination.
s. neck-band.
(di-oron),
the
Idiron,s. the act of plaiting

mouth

fasting.

Idiron

5. the
(da-iye-le),
s.
(da-igba-ro),

Idiyele
Idigbaro

hair.

valuation.
estimating,
continual
standing,an erect
of

act

position.
colonization

Id6, s. invasion, encampment,

Ido, ^Idoro, s. the plantcalled the Indian

Idodo,

s.

the

heap, copulation.

shot.

navel.
kind

of

plum-tree.
^Idugbolu, Adugbolu, s. stumbling-block.
Iduro, s. erect position.
anchor.
s. cable,
Idokkoduro, Idokkoro
(da-okk9-duro),
Idon, s. the bug.
Idofun,

129

s.

IDO

Idon,

of

the act

5.

sounding,a sound,

as

cry

of

bird

or

beast.

flavour,beauty,grace.

^Idon, s. sweetness,

stumbling-block.
^Ifa, s. ebbing,crawling; good luck,advantage,gain.
^Ifa nla ni iya oluwa
li apo,
Inordinate
re
gain
in the pocket." Cf.Haggai i. 6.
makes
a hole
is scraped ofT,shaving,the act of
Ifa, s. that which
wiping ; the god of pahn-nuts; a tool with two handles
(usedto scoop out the pulp of green calabashes).
bi 9 ba ko
Ifani (efFa-oni),
5. six days.- Ifani li ojo esu
^Idugbolu,

s.

"

"

"

tan

wi

hence

days
let

fumi,
:

club

The

"

when

collection
have

you

will be due

taken

six

share

your

know."

me

of
discovering

5. appearance,
(fi-ara-han),

Ifar.\han

one's

self,a vision.
Ifara-pa, s. the

of

act

hurtingor bruisingthe body.

Ifaraw^e,s. emulation, variance.

iron guard
s. an
Ifaron, Ifarun (fa-orun),
used

for the

assist in

drawing the bow with

(calledImatiko by the Igbomna tribe).
Ifasse (fa-esse),
s. a withdrawing of the foot.
Ife, s.

to

eiye,

"

among
in the

Ifefe, s.

sized

small

The

bird.

-Bi ife fo

"

ife is noted

birds."

by

feather

The

its

on

li

as
flight

fingers

full force

amo

the

is said to be much

li akko

bravest
valued

Egba country.
kind

of hollow

Ifere, s. flute,
pipe ;
Iferu, Feru,

s.

reed.

sip.

the bush

trailing
plant,used
binding.

rope,

for

all purposes
of tying or
Ifetisi (fi-etisi),
s. obedience, attention.

Ife, s. love,wish,will,desire.

^Ife,5. belch,eructation.
Ifojupe
s. a
(fi-oju-pe),
beckoning,a winking
eye.
Ifosoke

5. jump, leap.
(fo-si-oke),

130

with

the

IFE

Ife,s.

tribe from

Yoruba

whole

which

the human

said to have

nation,are

as

race,

well

the

as

sprung.

desire.
s. lust,
irregular
(fe-ki-ife),

Ifekufe

s. brotherlylove.
(fe-9mm9-enia-keji),
Ifeni (fe-enia),
s. charity.
of putting
act
Ifennukonu
s. (Ut. the
(fi-ennu-kd-ennu),
mouths
mutual
agreement, kiss.
together),
of sins.
Ifeseji,s. forgiveness
Ifi-bun,Ifi-fun,s. gift,
present.
absolution.
Ifiji,s. the act of forgiving,
forgiveness,
a
s. suspicion,
fastening
Ifi-mo,Iforanmo
(fi-oran-mo),

Ifemonikeji

upon.

Ifi-son,s. accusation.
Ifitore

s. gift,
(fi-ta-ore),
present.

^Ifiwo
^

s. bait.
(fi-iw9),
Ifo,s. the act of flyingas
rainycloud.

Ifofo,
Ifole,

s.

bird,

passing off

or

as

foam, froth.

s.

stock
Iforiballe

home-born
of the

slave,

not

born

from

the

original

family.

s. submission, obedience.
(fi-ori-ba-ille),

'Ifo-ri-fo,s. flake,sparks.
dread.
s. fear,
(fo-aiya),
;
Ifo, s. a breaking,as of a vessel ; plenty,abundance
bawling,a loud cry.
Ifokko, s. wreck of a ship or canoe.
^Ifo, s. the act of washing or speaking; utterance.
Ifoju (fo-oju),
s. blindness.
Ifokkansin
s. devotion, soul-service.
(fi-okkan-sin),
Ifokkanso
(
so),s. confidence,reliance.
Ifolle
5. house-breaking.
(fo-ille),
Ifon, Ifun, 5. bowels, tripe.
Ifonfon, s. a kind of small flywhich makes honey.
the hearth ; one
s. a takingof fire from
(fon-ina),
^ Ifonna
the
hearth.
fire from
takes
who
Apadi ni isaju
live coals are
potsherd (on which
ifonna, The

^Ifoya,Ifoiya

"

"

131

jFO

in front of him

usuallycarried)goes
the

fire from

have

must
as

Ifoavoba,

s.

Ifowota",s.

prise
enter-

it

touch, the

withstand

can

act

of

showing

the way,

of

act

touching.

embrace,
careless search.

Ifun, Ifuni,

the

s.

of

act

giving,a gift; Ifun,

Iga, s. height,stature.
'Iga, s. a stretchingforth,full stretch,in order

object. Emi

an

used

crowd.

s.

Ifowoko,

it ;" i. e. every

fire.)

s. the
(fi-onna-han),
guidance.
s.

taken

because

Ifonnaiian

Ifon-po,

has

(the potsherdbeing

of courage,

of

the action

with

leader

emblem

an

hearth

the

who

na

"

"

iga,

I stand

ness.
white-

to reach

at full stretch."

'Igan, s. the act of contemning or reproaching.

''Igan-^Imaddo,s. male wild boar.
of

kind

yellowyam.
bulky.
Igangan, a(^.gigantic,
Iganna, s. w^alls around premises,a

Igangan,

s.

enclosure.

walled

robber.
Igara, 5. thief,
Igara-Okun, s. piracy.

'Igba,s. admittance,reception,time ;
interval,duration ; opportunity.
Ikokojo

^Igba

Oko,

^Igba-Ipallemo

harvest
gathering,

definite

Oko,

s.

period,
time

of

time.

^Igba-Irugbin,s. seed-time.
Igba, s. calabash

cut

calabash

may

"A

into halves.
be cut

into

"

Igba li apa akrpaawo,

parts,but

not

an

earthen

vessel."

Igba-Ogodo,
grows

Icba-Ori,

Igbaje,5.
W

s. a

in the
5.

large and strong

provinceofOgodo, a

calabash

which

tribe ofYoruba.

the skull.

largecalabash.

Igba, s. the acacia

132

very

or

locust tree and

fruit ;

tide,current

IGB

Igberi

proximity.

s. nearness,
(gbe-ori),

vindication.
ara),s. self-defence,
( ori-ko),s. neighbourhood; province.

Igbera

"

Igberiko

"

iyawo), s.

Igbeyawo

"

act of

the

taking a

wife

riage.
; mar-

Igbe, s. bush, field,grassfield.Enia lassan po o ju igbe

6 ju oju lo, Ordinary people are
as
enni rere
won
"

\y

"

grass, but

as

common

dearer

good people are

than

an

eye."
Igbe, Igbonse, s. faeces,
(a decent
the

Igbe, s.

expression).

of

drying,dryness.
the last time,
s.
(gbe-ehin),

'Igbeiiin

act

latter

part;

adt.

afterward.
s. trust, confidence,reliance.
(gbe-ekke-le),
Igbetu, s. a fibrous plant,having red sap.
Igbesin, s.fem.a female captive.
Igbessan, s. the act of retaliating,
recompensing,or paying

Igbekkele

back, vengeance.
Igbimo

(gba-im9),^-

IgbIn, s. snail, conch.

"

\^

Had

"

not

would

have

twenty cowries."
"

When

"

the snail

Bi ati yin
with due

Igbin

the snail known

never

awon

ko

Igbinikon
Igbiro

ije ato

mo

to feed

where

in

okowo,
it
safety,

so
large as to be worth
grown
ate le e,
Bi igbinba nfa kawon
re

crawls, its shell accompaniesit."

li ayin

"

"

igbin,

regard,so should the

Igbin, 5. planting,
sowing.
effort to remove
Igbin, s. retching,

'

adviser.

counsellor,an

As

the tortoise meets

snail."

any

inward

tion.
obstruc-

s. inflamation,festering.
(gba-ini-kon),
s.
a
reckoning,calculation, counsel,
(gba-iro),

consultation.
Igbiyanju

.s.
(gba-iyan-oju),

perseverance,

exhortation,

encouragement.
Igbiyele

s. trust, confidence,reliance.
(gbe-iye-le),

Igbo, s. forest,
wood, grove.
134

IGB

Igbo, s. old age

the

of

barking like a dog.

eat
je ito, May you enjoy many days ; {lit.
and longevity)."
;

act

'Igbo, s.

of

name

birds.

bird,which

-'Igbo wa

"

searches

Igbo, Egbo,

ille

the nests
s.

of

igbo,

old

age,

feeds

the eggs of other

igbo
ei'yekeiyotu, " The

of other

the act

Je

"

"

on

birds

rubbing

plunder them."
to peel off the
as

to

so

husk.

Igbo, s.

idol-sacrifice

an

food

Igbodu,

s.

Igbogian,

s.

Igboiya
Igboju

ship
assembly of priests
; idol-wor-

of the sacrifice.

to the
grove dedicated
the name
of a bird.

gods

and

Odu

Ifa.

boldness.
s. courage,
(gbo-aiya),
( oju),s. boldness,audacity,
ferocity.
(gba-oku),s. a stale article ; that which has
"

Igboku

its scent

or

flavour.

okun), s. sail,canvass.
s. heat,warmth, fervency.
(gbo-ina),

Igbokun

"

Igbona

Igbona-Ara,

s.

heat

^Igboro, s. old farm

Igboro,
Igbose

lost

of the

with

overgrown

adv. by
(igba-ti-o-se),

Igbonwo, Igbon-ron
Igbonwu

fever.

jungle.

street.

5.

the

body ;

(gbon-owo),s.
middle
fingerto

tip of the
( owu), 5.
"

and

bow

used

bye, till another

elbow

from

; a measure

the elbow

son.
sea-

; cubit.

for the purpose

of carding

cotton.

Igbo, s. attention,trust, obedience.

Igbonra

s.
(gbon-ara),

one's self of
Igboran

shaking of

the

body, (to

free

dust, "c.)

s. obedience,attention.
(gbo-oran),
Igbonse
See Igbe.
s.
(gbon-esse),
Igbokkanle
s.
confidence,trust,affiance.
(gbe-9kkan-le),
token.
^' witness, pledge,
Igbowo, (gba-ow9),
Igburo
s. news,
(gbo-iro),
intelligence.
Igede, s. mystery (appliedonly to superstitions,
charms,

135

IGE

Babbalawo

"c.).
"

"

nfo

igede,

priestis speaking

The

mystery."
^Igere,5. fish-pot.
Ige, s. breast,chest.
a

Igepa, s. bird-snare.

Ige, 5. the act of sitting

(asa bird on
Iggi damo mi,
Iggi,s. tree, wood.

"

stick strikes

it,"{lit."The
Iggi-^ Ogedde,

s.

tree).

a
"

made

am

to

feel

me.")

the banana.

Iggi-Ope, s. the palm.

Iggimo

s. snout, prominent nose.

(iggi-imo),
Iggina ( ina),
s. fire-wood,brand.
which poisonsthe
Igiso,s. a hairyworm,
"

foot if trodden

on.

^Igo, s. bottle,decanter.
of

climbingup, ascension.
found in dunghills,
eaten
^Igongo, s. worm
by natives.
^Igongo-Ofon, s. throat, windpipe,trachea.
Igunle, 5. landing-place,
wharf; the act of landing.
Igo, s, perplexity. See Isu.
Igo-Iggi,s. largeroots, which spring from the trunk
^Igoke, s. the

act

of the

trees

mimosa-tribe, at

ground, and

the

serve

distance

some

supports

as

to

the

of

above

parent

stem.

\y

Icon, Ojugon,
6 li

gpn

on

s.

the shin

do not

s.

Igon-Ille,

the

Igun, s.

the act

"

act

Igun

(me with
thorn."
136

apt

to

arise
think

the wattle

Igon-Ehoro,

the

corner.

"

^"Oran ko

ba

oju-

li eran,
the shin is not hurt, it
When
it has no
flesh (to protect it);" i. e. When
ko

he is

^Igun,s.

the

"

says that
circumstances

s.

corner

to

call forth

he has

man's

sources,
re-

none.

tree.

of the house.

of

climbingup.
of pounding or
ti ogun

lance) is

mi
not

zard.
piercing; turkey buzko J9 ti egun,
Piercing
like piercingme
with a
"

IGU

i/

Igun iyan ko jo ti elubo, mimii ni iyan imu kiku

li elubo iku, The
pounding of iyan is not like the
adhesive ;
more
pounding of elubo ; iyan becomes
elubo separates into powder."
in state.
Igunwa, s. a sitting
for torturing,
a
Iguso, s. a tobacco pipe ; an instrument
"

"

forked

stick.

"Iha,s. side,loin, region.

''Iha ibo

"

side

which

shall

turn?"

we

li

awa

^^Iha

"

side

mi, "My

so

To

si, "

oyi

pains me."
Iha, s. the

of

act

the

locking,crowding,pressing;

act

strippinga house of its roof.

Iha-epo, s. palm-nut,chaff.
of

Iha-gaga, s. press, crowd.

I have

"

ihagaga,

Emi

"

to

room

no

ri aye

ko
go

wolle

nitori
cause
be-

into the house

of the crowd."
Ihaho

s. the
(iha-ih9),

the

pot

[y Ihalle

or

crust

burnt

or

part adhering to

saucepan.
Ihalle

^.need,necessity,
poverty, strait.
(ha-ille),
enia je, Poverty destroys a man's
oso
"

ba

"

tation."
repu-

s. empty
boast,brag.
( ille),
Ihamora
war
equipment.
( mo-ara),s. armour,
Li ennu
declaration,narration.
^Ihin, 5. news, tidings,
from the
is interesting
onihin ni ihin idon, News

Ihalle

"

"

"

"

mouth

of him

Ihlnrere, s. good
Ihinyi

tells it first."

who

glad tidings,
gospel.
hither,here.
Ihinyini mo

news,

adv.
(ihin-eyi),

si,iwo

se

d6

ran

"

ohun,

"

I sent

here

you

; how

came

you

there'?""
Iho,

5.

noise, boiling
;

brook

5.
wa

"

Iho

odo

noise of the river drowns

"The

wind,

river.

or

bubbling noise

hole, pit. Enni

"

nino

ewu

fields is in
137

ti

nsure

bo

iho

like

ijoenia

the noise of the

kiri ni

ati

running
molle,

people."

on
papa
about
runs

jisi iho, He w^ho

into a pit."
danger of falling
"

li

the

''Iho,'Ihoho/Ihoriho,
J

Ih6-imo, s.

the nostril.

aise,bi

ille li

the nostril is
at

nakedness.

s.

"

'Ti

ba dake

aje pe

always at

work:

imo

gbe
6 pin,"Day and night
is
wlien it stops, (life)
ti

ossan

iho

oru

ko

end."

an

Iho, s. grass field spared for

^Ihuhu, s. feather down.

the sake

of

hunting.

first beginning.
s. origin,
(hu-ille),

Ihulle-hulle
Ihura

(hu-ara),s. weakness.
'Ihuwa
5. conduct, behaviour.
( ^iwa),
ni ije pe illu
^Ija, 5. strife,war, fight,battle,evil. -''Ija
in the
li o ni oruko, "Every one
npe'o gbogbo won
summoned
when
are
assembly has a name
; but
you
in the name
of the assembly
(instead of being
"

"

'

'

summoned
be

may

ki

in the

that)evil

sure

Strife

"

ro,

the action

s.
'Ija-iji,

of

name

never

individual

some

awaits

in

it,you
bimmo

you." 'Ijako
begetsa gentlechild."
"

of the whirlwind.

s. trouble,annoyance.
(ja-ba),
Ijadan
of fruits eaten
(je-ada),s. remnants
by
gleaning. Awa ko ri ese he, ijadanli ansa kiri
had
shea-nuts
to gather ; we
no
iggi, We
obligedto seek about to pick up the remnants
by the bats."
Ija-du, s. scramble, eager contest
for a thing.
Ija-fara
s. negligence,
(ja-ifa-ara),
sluggishness.

Ijaba

"

bats

labbe

"

Ijaje,

eaten

rascal,scoundrel.

s.

s.

wrestling,a struggling.
coming into the way ; return

s.

bit ;

Ijakadi,s.
Ijanna,

w^ere

to

the

right

course.

Ijannu,
called

ko

Kanga).

li

kan

amo

fe adoni

made
when
138

instrument

one

the

iwa

"

used

in

kidnapping ; (also
Ologbon ogbon li aro ijannu,oko-

enia

aba

jojobi abajo,"On
men's
by one
character

of

man

mo

enia

iwa

different
characters
is

once

aba

bun

plans bits
are

known

'o
are

known

(to be

IJA

he to be

bad, even) were

.

would

you
as

have

not

for he

lor

you

is

as

present,

painfulto

you

matter."

vexatious

him,

given to

^Ija-pati,
s. pitchedbattle,struggle.
Ija-pati,s. the
Ijaro,

s.

wrist

snatchingsuddenlyfrom

the hand.

of falsehood.

detection

s.

Ijasan,

of

act

by archers on the left

leather-guardworn
to prevent the bowstring from
injuringthe

hand.

Ije, 5.

kind

of

cane

used for

shafts.

arrow

Ije, s. the seventh

day.
competition. Bi

ndijeni bi ise owo

we
compete in working, we
ya ni, When
faster {lit.
hands quicken)."
our
twelfth day.
Ijejila (ijo-eji-la),
s. the
Ijeni (ije-oni),
s. seven
days hence.
of eating:
act
or
s. manner
Ije,Ijeun (je-ohun),

C^Ije, s.

race,

"

aba

ama

work

"

sion.
corro-

Ije, s. effect produced,answer.

'Ije,Ijesin,s. fodder, hay.
the flower

^Ije,Ijere,5.

of Indian

corn.

"Ijeka,s. snoring.
of

bearingwitness, testimony.
fourteen
s.
days ago,
(ijo-erin-le-ewa),

Ijeri, s. the
Ijerinla

Ijesin,

.?.

Ijeun,

s.

act

night.
fort-

See "Ije.
See Ije.

Ijew^o, s. confession.

Ijin,s. shadow, shade.

Iji,s. fear,dread ; any thingstartling,
surprise.
I J I,

Iji,s.

the act

of

waking, either

from

Iji,s. whirlwind
; tornado.
Ijiandudu, Ejinrin, s. a plant used

as

ravine.
s. valley,
(ji-gonron),

'Ijigonron
139

sleep,or

medicine

ness.
sluggish-

for infants.

IJI

Ijila, Ijinla, s.
in

good

or

famous

bad

notorious

or

person, (used both

sense).

s. depth,profundity.
Ijille, Ijinle (jm-ille),
s. suffering,
passion.
(je-iya),
the time the
s. afternoon,
Ijisepalle (iji-se-pa-ille),
(lit.
shadow
beginsto increase as the sun declines).
^Ijin,Jijin,^Ijinna,s. distance,depth.
head worshippersof the gods.
'Ijigbo,5. chief priests,
ni ise
Ti ijoti ayo ni ise idin,wuye
wuye
Ijo,s. dame.
"With
1/
banabana ure oko iggi,
igongoanjoanyo ommo
gling
; wrigalongthe reptile
dancing and with joy moves

"Ijiya

"

to and

fro

moves

along the

worm

(such a

ment
move-

; but be
being considered indicative of pleasure)
the child of banabana
there dancing or rejoicing,
(?)
(probablyan insect constantlycarryingabout small
chipsof wood) toils on at its woodcutting;" /. e. others

themselves, but

amuse

may

the

poor

has

man

no

holiday.
^Ijo, s. the act of leaking.
Ijogun
GUN,

Ijoko,

to an
inheritance;
s. succession
(je-ogun),
Ajagun
s. soldier, warrior.
(ja-oguii),
5.

settlement,abode,

Ijo-

estate.

Ijoko-je, 5. quietness.

plant.
trailing
5. jealousy.
(je-owu),
of title ; the
man
s. a
(je-oye),

^Ijokun,s.
Ijowu
Ijoyf

of

name

with

Ijo, Ajo,

ly

the

act

of

being

vested
in-

title of rank.

assembly, meeting, congregation. Ijoni

s.

"

illu,obba
to

ti

agbo,"Tiie publicassembly belongs

(but) a select council belongs to the

li o li

town,

king."
Ijo, s. day, a singleday.
Ijo-agba,s. meeting or assemblyof the elders.
adv. seldom, now
Ijokanlegbon
(ijo-kan-le-ni-ogbon),
and
then, (lit.the space or interval of thirty-one
days).
140

IKA
violence.
severity,
s. sorrow,
grief,
(ko-anu),
repentance.
Enniti
Ika, s. garden, square.
(ka-ara),

Ikanno,
Ikanu
Ikara

s.

ikara

li

is the
^

aba

"

li ateteba,"He

who

the inner

owns

ni

square

of the outer."

owner

Ikasi, adj.stale,not

(ka-iwe),s.
book).

Ikawe

Ikawe, Akawe,

s.

cooked

new

the

act

the

of

of

act

day before ; sour.

reading; (/Itcounting
the

winding

thing

any

on

roller.

(ka-9wo),s.
ivory,bone

Ikawo

Ike, s.

control, governance.
power,
in imitation of ivory.

; division ;

partitioning.
Ikede (ke-ode),
s. proclamation.
Ikede-afiji, s. proclamation of the repealof a
Ikede-ofin, s. proclamationof prohibition.
Ikele
s. partition.
(ke-ille),
termination.
Ikehin (ko-ehin),
s. end, issue,
Ike, s. cry

Ikekun,

s.

law.

snare.

Iki,s. salutation.

compression; laudatory recital of

lineage.
Ikigbe (ke-igbe),
s. cry, howling.
Ikillo (ki-iUo),
s. warning,exhortation.
Ikimolle
5. pressingtight down,
(ki-m9-ille),

^Iki,

s.

family

sion.
compres-

Ikiri,s. rovingabout, wanderinsj^.

s. prayer
; (lit.
salutingheaven).
Ikir9\ (ki-oron),
Ikiweje
s. wrinkle.
(ka-iweje),

Ikka, s. finger,toe.
s.
'Ikki,

which
ikki
you

animal

an

lives
bi?

an

on

with
the

"You

5.

142

the

kola

are

nut.

Iwo

"

small

erect

le iie obi

always eatingkola

nuts:

ears,
o

ise
are

ikki ?"

Ikko, s. bamboo-fibres
Ikko,

and

largeeyes

woven

red tail of the

by

women

parrot :

into cloth.
stroke

on

the head

IKO

^"Ojopa odide aluko ny6, aluko

bi ikko
(When) the
se
baje ojo niu ikko woso,
the parrot, the woodcock
rain beat upon
rejoiced,
but the rain
spoilt,
thinkingthat his red tail was
kan aburo
mi ni
only increased its beauty." Mase
the knuckles.

with

"

"

"

ikko

Do

"

mo,

not

hand

of your

any

brother

strike my
more."

with the knuckle

ther.
togetakinga largenumber
gathering,
Iko ekuru
Ife,aja ki igbo ni ibojiekun,
ewo
(As)carryingdust is forbidden in Ife,(so)no dog
lair."
the leopard's
dares to bark near
of faults
account
Iko-anu-Ikanu, s. sorrow
; (whetheron
of affliction).
committed
in consequence
or
the

Iko, 5.

of

act

"

"

Ikobe,

s.

silk tassel-band.

s. spoils,
trophy,any thing taken
(iko-ogun),

Ikogun

in

battle.
Ikojo

s. the
^J9),

(
"

Ikojo-oko,

of

act

lation.
gatheringtogether,accumu-

of farm produce.
harvesi,in-gathering

s.

Ikoko, Ikoriko, s. wolf.

Agbara odo ko J9 agbaraikoko,

bi agbe odo ka ina ajo,bi asi gun iyan ni ikoko alu,
is not like the
The strengthof a (wooden) mortar
strengthof an (earthen)pot ; place a mortar on the
fire,and it will burn ; pound a yam in a pot, and it
will break through (thebottom)."

"Ikoko, s. pot, saucepan.

"

"

"Ikoko-isa,

s.

^Ikoko-taba,

a
s.

small

pot.
of

pipe, bowl

pipe, (calledalso

Ogunso).

carryingaway.
Ikonkoso, s. rat trap (baitedwith
Ikolo,

s.

Ikokuko,

s.

bad

teaching,false

Ikoti, s. pin of iron, bone,

combing
Iko,

s.

the head

and

Oniko

ko

cough.

with
143

"

cough

can

never

or

or

corn

doctrine.

by

wood, used

the
adjusting
sa

yams).

lumo,

hide

women

for

hair.

"A

himself."

man

troubled

IKO

Iko, s.

the

act

oifroofingor erectinga building

; the

of

act

Mo
teaching; entanglement ; skein of cotton.
se,
I bought four skeins of cotton."
iko own
merin,
Iko, s. the act of cryingaloud ; cock-crowing; the act of
; the act of writing.
shovelling
^Iko,s. refusal.
Iko, s. messenger, ambassador, delegate.
secret
s. privatecorner,
"/^Ikoko,
place. "'Ikok9aiye ya
in the world
corner
lo,"The
ju ikoko ti orun
(of
of the world of spirits."
sense) is better than a corner
Ikola
s, the act of tattooing
(ko-ila),
; circumcision.
"

"

"

^Ikolle

s.
ille),

"

Ikollu

head

farmer.

( lu),s. assault, attack.

Ikon, Ikun, s. squirrel.
addition.
Ikon, Ikun, s. fullness,
rising,
swelling,
Ikondo
of a brook, flood.
s. swelling
(ikon-odo),
"

Ikon, Ikun,
Ikoni,

s.

s.

mucus.

instruction.
s. overflow.
(kon-wo-si-ille),
revolution.
s. rebellion,
(ko-si-ille),

Ikonwosille
Ikosille

s. the
IK9SSE(ko-esse),

act of

tripping; stumbling-block
;

hinderance.

Ikosse-ba,Akosse-ba,s. chance, unexpected occurrence.

death ; a
Iku, s. death ; that which
cause
may
which

'^

eats

worm

the kola nut.

s. gable end.
""Iku,
Ikudu, s. a claypitfilledwith

(alsocalled 'Ogoddo).
Ikudu pa esin e' nyo o mb9wa ipa ommo
enia,"(When
horse falls into a pityou should not
your neighbour's)
rejoiceat it,for (your own) child may fall into it
water

too."
hand.
clenched
Ikuku, s. fist,
Ikun, s. belly,stomach, abdomen.

chief of the

"The

belly is

claims

the first attention.

Ikun,

s.

144

See Ikon.

the

"

Ikun

babba

orisa,

gods;" because

it

IKU

Ikun,

5.

See Ikon.

Ikunle

s. the act of kneeling.

(kun-ille),
smoothness
Ikun-na, s. fineness,
(usedin describingfine

flour).
Ikunra, Ipara, s. ointment

to rub

(kun-ara),Ikonra,

Ikunra

fatigue.
^Ikusa,s. neighbourhood.

ni ikusa

te

sensation

mi,

"

Do

of

not

me."

near

come

weariness,

s.

Ma

"

with.

death is rightor may be justified),

(iku-je-are,
s.
the gatheringof the locust fruit ; (so called because
an
exceedinglydangerousemployment). See Igba.
"Ila,s. state of salvation ; escape from danger ; the act
of splitting
through a
; fissure ; making one's way
See
crowd ; opening ; risingof the sun
; riches.
Ikujare

Ola.

Ila, s. tattoo,national mark ; circumcision.

of a vegetable
Ila, s. name
; (also called Okro).

Eko

"

ila

gba

ti akokiki
bi

mo

bear

not

"

Ila ti akokiki

ife mi

fa,ommo

ko

ti ro,

obbe

lowo

re

ara

ti

Ila,which

The

fruit; the pumpkin,

does

not

trail

; the

does

expected so much,

not

gbekke

mo

was

which

answer

so,

gboro

le ko

se

celebrated,does

so

beloved

ko

was

so

brated,
cele-

child,of whom
my

hopes."

Ilasa, 5. the ila leaf.

Ilasado, s. the

of

name

plantused

for

sauce.

plant of the ilasa tribe.

Ila, s. the act of lickingup with the tongue.
Ila-orun, s. dawn, sun-rising,
day-spring.
Ilasagun,

s.

wild

s. proof,
explanation.
(la-idi),
Iladon
s. first-fruits.
(la-odon),
fearlessness.
Ilaiya ( aiya),
s. boldness, courage,
s.
peace-making,reconciliation ;
j^'^Ilaja
(la-ija),
reconciler.
^Ilajani igba 9gbe, A

Iladi

"

"

"

(often)receives

wounds."

^Ila-kaka,s. forcible compression.

145

maker,
peacemaker
peace-

^ILA
5. a
(la-imo-oran),
suggestion.

Ilamoran

^Ilanna

onna),s.

"

proposer,

of

marking out

who

one

path

makes

or

road ;

ordinance.

Ilara,

5.

envy.

Ilari,s. king'smessenger,
Ile, s. addition.
s.
(le-oke),

Ileke

Ileri

"

home,

room,

ati

ni ille awodi

Ibara

of the

abode
but

is

uppermost, top stone,

s. promise,agreement, boasting,
assuranceeri),

"

Ille, s. house,

which

garment.
ara),5. health,strength.

upper
Ilera

that

herald.

Iwo

"

ni

ille ode,

ipe ille

parrot, Ibara

is the

where

abode.

"Iwo
is the
aganran,
is the land of the hawk
;

of
territory

the green

parrot ?"

Ille-abere, s. needle-case.
Ille-ase, Ille-idana, Ille-onje,

s.

kitchen, cooking-

house.

Ille-ato,s.

bladder.

Ille-ero,

inn.

s.

Ille-idana, s. kitchen.
Ille-ide,s. custody,place of security.
Ille-Igbejo,s. court, judgment hall.
Ille-iso,s. watch-house,watch-tower, tower.

Ille-ikewu,Ille-iwe, s. school-house.
Ille-iyawo,s. bride-chamber.
Ille-emu, s. lock-up house, cell where
for debt, "c. are
kept.
s. stall,stable,fold.
Ille-iso,
Ille-ejo,s. court, court- room.
s. bird's nest, cage.
Ille-e'iye,
Ille-enni, Ille-eyin, s. war-tent

Ille-oyin,s.
a

Illeru,

s.

146

kind

of mats.

beehive.

Ille-orisa,s. house
Ille, s.

made

persons

of the

of bird snare,

iron furnace.

gods.
baited

with

cricket.

rested
ar-

ILL

Illeto, s. town, village.

earth,land,ground,a
Ille-babba,5. fatherland.

Ille,

s.

Illedudu, Illedu,

town.

black

manure,

5.

earth.

Ille-ini,Ille-nini,s. inheritance,a possession.

Ille-obba, s. a kingdom, territory.
up, surface

Illepa-oku,s.
Ille-oku, s.

grave covered
burial ground.

of

grave.

beginning,commencement.
v. it is dark.
Ille-su,defect,
Illese,

s.

Illewu,

soft

s.

hair; soft down

on

palm

tree.

Illeke, s. beads,
Illeke-opolo,

frogs'
spawn.
li oju, Frogs'spawn
(which
s.

"

"

not

attract

the

Illeke

opoloko yinole
resembles
beads) does

of the robber."

attention

s. door.
(ille-ekun),

Illekun

Illu, s. nation,country, town, village,

language,a people;

assembly of

the elders, court.

Illu-aigbede, s.
a

not

one

understandinganother's

guage,
lan-

barbarian.

Illu-nla, Illu-obba,

capitalcity.
Illu-keje.
s. hamlet, village.
^Ilo,5. the act of using,
elasticity.
usage; the act of bending,
of a compound
Ilo, Iloro, s. porch at the entrance
or
square.

"

Iloro

li

s.

awo

ki ato

wolle,

"

One

must

go

before

enteringthe square."
through the porch
Iloso (loso)s. a peculiarsitting
posture.
Ilo, Alo,

departure.

deviation from
a
twistingor wresting,
the rightpath,
Ilo, s. warning ; publicinquiryafter a thing. Bi ankilo
When
are
warned,
fun'9,ki okilo fun 'ra re,
you
warn
yourself."
gling.
s. the act of stranIloloron, Iloloronpa
(lo-ni-or9n-pa),

Ilo, s.
y

s.

the

act

of

"

"

Ilora, s. sloth, tardiness.

147

ILO
"

Iloro,

6'.

drum

'luj,s.
Ilu,

s.

wealth, riches,

stroke,blow.

Iluiia,Ilumo, s. being hidden

Akanse
"Imado, s. wild boar.

ipa

aso,

must

be

will not

Imalle, 5.
V^

enni

The

"

made

to order

kill that savage

Mahommedan.

j%an

li ofFa imado
for

intended

arrows

with.

; concealment.

"

to bore

awl, gimlet,any instrument

; a

boar

wild

the

ki

oro

poisonedarrow

common

(animal)."
Bi

"

ti wu'

ni li

ase

imalle

je sari, Any one may practise

his Mahommedan
worship as it is 'most convenient :
he may
his breakfast off a pig'sfoot."
make
Imaraduro
.v. continence.
(imu-ara-duro),
with
to assist in drawing a bow
Imatiko, s. an instrument
fi apa

eledde

"

greater force.
Imawo,

Imelle,

s.

the act of

s.

takinga

form

or

incarnation.
likeness,

idleness, indolence.

Imeri, Imu-eri,

of

removal

s.

filth,
purification.

of

shaking.
Imille
Iselle (se-ille),
a
s.
(mi-ille),
shaking of the
earth, earthquake.
s. a shakingtogether,
'Imi-p9,
Imi, s. the act of breathing,
respiration.
into,inspiration.
Imisi,Amisi, s. the act of breathing
Immi, s. dung. See Igbe.
s. the fore-finger.
Imojuo, Imogunjuo
(mo-gun-ju-o),
I move,
s. providence,
perception.
foresight,

^Imi, s. the

act

Lmo, 2"e7's.
pron. I.

Imo, s. the nose.

Imo, Imu, s. the act of drinking; the act
Tu
^Imo, s. knowledge ; interpretation.
the word to me
le iye'
ni, Interpret
"

"

of
imo

building.
oro

na

that it may

ki

be

intelligible."
Imo-oson,
and

in

s.

mountain
that

148

plantfound by the waterside

dicate
to inregions(used symbollically,

small-leaved

miatter

is well

known).

INA

Ina-eweko,
Ina,

s.

blossom.

s.

expenditure of

Inabi, s.

;
money
of plantwhich

kind

Inaja, s. trade

ajebabba

barter,bargain,trade.

produces blisters.
trader,merchant.
Oyibo babba inaja,

"

teni

teni, The
"

white

is the father of

man

merchants,(want of) money is the father

Inaki, Iro, s. the baboon, the Uran-utan.

of

disgrace."

s. wastefulness,profligacy.
(ina-ki-ina),
Inan, Iran, s sight,
seeing; vision. Mo ri iran,

Inakuna

"

"

saw

vision."

iro),s. standingposture. Naro, Stand up."

mbe
ni inaro, They are
all standing."
Gbogbo won
Oku
Inawo, Ina
(na-owo), s. expenditure of money.
Inaro

"

(
"

"

"

"

inawo,

"

for your kindness."

out the hand.
the act of stretching

Thank

you

0W9),s.
Ini,s. possessions,
goods.
InIla (ni-ila),
vastness.
s. magnitude,size,
Inira, Ilara ( ara),s. freedom, liberty.
Inira, s. difficulty,
strait,
perplexity
; need ; poverty.
Iniran ( Iran),
s. reminiscence, remembrance.
Ino, Inu, s. the inside,mind, thought,womb.
Iso foUoived
hi/Baje, v.n. to be sorrowful.
Inobibi, adj.irascible.
Inawo

(
"

"

"

Ino-buburu,

wicked

s.

heart.

Ino-didon, s. gladness.
Ino-dudu, s. a bad heart.
Ino-funfun,

s. a

pure

heart.

Ino-nibini, s. persecution,
unprovoked annoyance.
Ino-nron, s. pain in the stomach.

candour, benevolence,
(lit.
good heart).
Ino-y6,Inuyo, liso followedbi/Y6, v. n. to feel a melting
Ino -HERE,

of the

s.

bowels, yearn,

Ipa, s. track, way,

Ipa-Galla,
Ipa,

s.

s.

the act of

150

feel

be
compassionate,

path,footstep
;

the

slot,or

track

murder
killing,

hearted.
tender-

course.

of

deer.

; the act

of

hatching or

IPA

producing; peeling off

of

the bark

tree;

slovenly

execution.

Ipa-Imolle,

Ipa, s. kick

s.

assassination.

; epilepsy,
rupture, strength,force,ability

(calledalso Warapa).
Ipa,

of

name

s.

Ipa-da, s.

bird.

return.

s. a meeting,a coming together.

(pa-ade),
air ; recreation.
Ipafefe
s. the act of takingthe
(pe-afefe),
of sharpeningthe teeth.
s. the act
Ipaiiin,
Ipallemo
s. preparation.
(pa-ille-mo),
a
s.
Ipakara, Ipaka
spacious back yard
(ipa-ika-ara),

Ipade

enclosed

with mud

walls.

s. gnashing the
(pa-ehin-keke),
Ipaiya
s. panic,
(pa-aiya),
great fear.
5. cornfloor, barn.
IpAKA(pa-okka),

Ipahinkeke

Ipako,

the hollow

s.

between

back

the

teeth.

of the head

and

the neck.

Ipapa, Papa,

s.

leaf of the

Keke

plant

(used for palaver

ifi 9ran ipapa

sauce); plain,grassfield.Aki
odd ilo afe, No one
ask
should
lo eja,aki ifi oran
should
the fish of what takes placein the plain; nor
takes placein the water."
the rat be asked of what
Ipallemo-oko
s. harvest,in-gathering.
(pa-ille-mo),
Ipa-mo, s. act of keeping a thingsecurely,act of hiding.
Ipamora
( mo-ara), s. forbearance.
murder.
s. manslaughter,
Ipani, Ipania (pa-enia),
Ipankoro
Ommo, s. girl,lass ; a plant,called also Ko"

"

"

ROPOMU.
s. place,room.
(ipa-onna),

Ipanna

You

"

mi,

traders.

pasture-ground.
grassfield,
s. the act of mingling.

s.

151

mbe

ni

ipanna

room."

s.

any
between

Ipa-po,

in my

Iwo

bargain; arrangement by which the price of

article is fixed by all traders ; mutual
agreement

Ipanpa,

Ipapa,

are

"

I PA

s. suicide
(pa-ara),

Ipara

of

the act

anointingoneself;

rust,corrosion.
5. lowliness, submission.
(pa-ara-mo).
of completion,
Ipari ( ori)^
s. the act
termination,end,
point.

Iparamo

"

Ipari, s. baldness.
Iparubo

(
"

Ipa-run,

s.

s.
pa-ru-ebo),

the act of

killingfor

sacrifice.

destruction,annihilation.

Ipasse

s. track, footpath.
(ipa-esse),
the horn used for that purpose.
Ipe,s. call;act of calling;
Ipe, s. a state of being right,
or
perfect; perfection.
IpEji (pa-eji),
front
the upper
s. an
opening between
teeth ; a flaw in cloth, produced by dropping the

thread

in

weaving.

s.
(pa-ele),

Ipele

Ipele,

s.

distant relation.

addition,that

which

is

put in the top of other

things.
Ipeje, s. invitation

to

feast.

to judgment.
s. act of calling
(pe-ni-ejo),
Ipe-npe-ju, s. eyebrow,eyelash.

Ipelejo

Ipere,

small

s.

snails.

^Ipese

s. provision,
(pa-ese),
providence.
Ipete (pa-ete),
s. intention.
"Ipe,s. supplication,
entreaty.
of Indian
the act of staying; ear
Ipe, s. sojourn,

fish scale ; small

flat stick

on

which

raw

corn

; a

cotton

is

capital;

wound.

Ipepe, s. fish-scale
Ipefon

scab.
of

s. name
(pa-efon),

officer in the

an

constable.

Ipefongbese,

5.

petty debts.

forth branches.
s. shooting
(pa-eka),
Ipekun
s. end, termination.
(pa-ekun),
sea-shell ;
Ipepekun
s. small
(pepe-okun),

Ipeka

Ipere, s. younger

members

such
especially
152

as

of
are

shell.

community

unmarried.

; young

ple,
peo-

IPE

Ipeta,s.

name

of

tree, the

of which

root

is used

for

washing and bleaching cloth. Ipeta li ose

apon,
The
ipetais the bachelor's soap."
of wild beast snare.
s. kind
^Ipeti,
Ipille,Ipillese (pa-ille),
s. foundation.
I PIN, s. the sand-leaf tree
; a good genius.
'IpiN,Ipinfuni,Iwari, s.the act of dividing,
share,
division,
"

"

lot,distribution.
Ipinhun
Ipinle

s
(pin-ohun),
agreement, bargain.
mark.
lands. the boundary of a
(pin-ille),
a
territory,

Ipinnu

(pin-ennu),s. end, conclusion, bargain, agreement,

determination,purpose.

traditions ; oral tradition.

'Ipitai:^
s. act of telling
(pa-itan),
Ipo, 5. place,room.
Ipo-oku,s. placeof departedspirits
; hades, hell.
Ipo-Olla,s. place of honour, chief room.
'Ipojo (pa-ojo),
as
s. cloak,cloth used
protectionagainst
rain.

Ipo,s. abundance.
^Ipo,^Ipon,s. irony. Emf
?"
speak ironically

ni iwo

Ipon,

yi

"

thickness.

s.

Awo

"

ni

ran

ipon

ip9n,

si?

"This

"

Do

you

place

is

crowded."
wooden

Ipon, s.

spoon.

affliction,
s. difficulty,
distress,
necessity,
(pon-oju),
adversity.
Ipori
s. the
(ipo-ori),
great toe, (worshipped by the
Yorubas).
Iposi ( si),
worthlessness, meanness.
s. contempt, scorn,
holds me
Okonri
man
na
yan mi ni iposi, That
in contempt."

Iponju

"

"

"

^Ira,

s.

the

'Ira, 5. the

name

act of

(calledalso Wusma).
buying ; decay ; rottenness ; depression,
of

tree

discouragement.
Ira, s. morass, bog, fen.
153

IRA

Ira, s. the

of

name

speciesof horse

the

act of

rolling

Esin mi nyi ira

ground like the horse.
yanrin,"My horse rolled on the sand."
^Iraddo,s. tender emotion, livelycompassion.
the

on

Iralle,
Iralle,

Iran,

evening,afternoon.

is

Ojo di

"

iralle

race,

dedde, "The

eventide."

near

vision
exhibition,
sight,spectacle,

s.

nino

laths.

s.

s.

day

"

progeny.

Ati iran di iran babba

"

generation,
ko

wa

bo iru

generationof our fathers

to another
we
never
worshipped such a God as this."
Irandiran, s. generationafter generation.
s.
Iranlowo, Iranw'o (ran-ni-owo),
help,aid,assistance.
^Iranna,s. the act of purchasinga right of way ; passport.
orisa

Iranu,

"

From

wonyi ri,

loss of

s.

appetite.
constable
servant, officer,

Iranse, s. messenger,
of

one

sendingor despatching;

mission.

of

who

Iranso,

the act

s,

sewing ;

one

sews

the

act

; tailor.

Iranti,s. remembrance.
Iranwu

''Ira-wo,s.
osupa,
so

owu), s. spinner.

"

star.

"

Irawo

san

See Aranwu.

san

alommo

san

lehin

bi

Twinkling,twinkling,twinklingstars,like

"

chicken

many

behind

the moon."

Iraw^o-titan,s. brightstar.
Ira-wo-ille, Iwaje, s. plantused

as

medicine

for infants.

wellgoodness,favour, benefit, a blessing,

ti
wishing. Ire ki li orisa se fun abuke ti obi omm9
li Orisagbemi, "What
so
0
good have the gods
o

Ire, Ore,

s.

"

done

to

the

hunchback,

to make

him

name

his child

Orisagbemi (The gods have blessed me)?" i.e. Why

I have
should
I acknowledge kindness where
only
experiencedevil ?
imprecation; the act of springIre, s. curse, execration,
ing
the lock of a gun.
or
or
going off,as a snare
Ibon mi re ire ojiji,My gun w^ent off suddenly."
"

"

1*54

IRE

act of

Ire,s. play,amusement
; the
Irede-oru, s. revelling.
Iregun,

s.

of

term

running.

reproachapplied to

ungrateful

an

^^Oro ti emi
ki ise iregiin
ki ise ire,
nso
person.
"The
I have
word
nor
spoken is neither a curse
a
"

reproach."
Ireke, s. sugar
/

ise omi

cane.

Ireke

"

si 'ni li ennu,

"

ni
The

ju

iwa

sugar
there are

qualitythan the bullrush :

which can
{lit.
trees)
supplythe
Ire-koja, s. a passing over,
pass

esu, adu

has

cane

better

plants
many
with such saj)."

not

mouth
over

iggi ki

transgression,

transition.
s. four days hence.
(re-oni),
Ire-pa, s. trespass; transgression.
of cloth.
Ire-pe,s. fragmentsor remnants
Irera (re-ara),
s. pride.
Ireti (
of
s. hope,expectation
eti),
; a cleansing

Ireni

"

'Ire,s.

kind

of

burrows

cricket,which

under

the

ear.

ground

weariness : fall of the

consolation,comfort ; fatigue,
leaf; gloominess. ^lyan mu ire yo, lyan ro ire rii,
"

"

When

the cricket is fat ; when

the
the cricket is poor." This sentence
is

there is famine

famine

is

over

simply a play upon various sounds difhcult to pronounce

in rapidsuccession.
Kanakana.
Cf.Apata,
Ire, s. friendship,
agreement, concord ; adhesion; the act
of cuttingwith a knife ; carving.
Ire,

s.

the

of

name

tree.

Ire-je, s. cheat, deception,

imposition.
state
-s. the
(re-ille),
humility,humiliation.

Irelle

Irepo,

"^

s.

of

being low, submission,

concord, agreement, friendship.

vision.
Iri, s. sight,
Oni
^Iri,s. dew, mist.
"

li

egbon olla,iri

egbon ojo, To-day is the

and a copiousdew is the
"

ni ise

elder

brother

elder

brother of the rain."

Iriju,5. trustworthyservant, steward.

155

wowo

of

to-morrow,

IRI

conversation,conduct
^Irin,5. walk, life,

ticklinjsj.

travel.
"Irtn-opa-ipo,s. rapidjourney,expeditious

Irin, 5. iron,iron nail.

Irin,s.

trap ; fruit of

of rat

kind

certain

trailing

plant (sometimescalled Agbarin).

s. sight,
spectacle.
Irinan, Ihiran (ri-iran),
of the liver).
a tickling
'Irindo,s. nausea, sickness ; (lit.
Irinle,

s.

Irira, s.

dampness, moisture.
hatred.
dislike,

^Iro,Irono,
;

Iro,

calculation

the act of

s.

; consideration

narration

s.

tion
agitation
; vexa-

cdunsel, advice.

dropping or dripping.

Iro, Inaki, s. the Uran-utan.

by

made

Iro, .9. sound, noise

collision

gence
intelli-

news,

standingposture ; erection of a roof.

Irobinoje
s.
anguish.
pain,grief,
(r9-ba-ino-je),
remorse,
cision
Iroju
s.
sorrow
; inde(ro-oju),
; perplexity
; vexation
;

Iroko,

s.

labour

farm

^Iroko, .S-.a speciesof

Iroko,

s.

agriculturist.

the Okro.

leaf is used

for

building. Ni

ke-

running vegetable,whose

sauce.

Iroko,

s.

the

of

name

tree

used

in

"

sprout of the iroko

ipa ekan iroko, "The
it is yet tender."
be plucked when
tree must
evil desire.
Irokuro
s. concupiscence,
(ro-ki-iro),
act of meeting by appointment;
'Irona
5. the
(ro-onna),
reconnoitres
who
an
a spy
enemy'sposition.
Irono, s. consideration,or stirring
up the mind,
li ati

kere

Ironopiwada,

repentance.

s.

or
aches,pains,produced by wounds
^Irogba,s. assembly of the elders,consultation

Irora,

s.

bruises.
of elders.

Iro, s. equal,companion,fellow.

^Iro,s.

Ani
"

The
1.56

of

kind
ki

aie
iro

was

iro

cake
ki

;
oro

comfort,
'ni

presentedto

o
us

See

ease.

si nfon
as

Irora.

"

'ni li oron,

something which

IRU
ila seed.
or
s. the okro
(iru-ila),
the
act of stirring
s. the
(iru-illu),

Irula
Irullu

insurrection.
uproar;
Irummo, Iru-ommo
(iru-ommo),s.

Iru-omi,

town

into

an

seed,offspring.

wave.

s.

of the mind).
s, indignation
(ru-ino),
stirring
; (lit.
s. the act of undermining the
(run-ille),
ground

Iruno
Irunle

in order to rob.

vexation,displeasure
; healthygrowth.
different kinds.
Iruru, Iruuru, s. variety,
^Iruya
s. emetic.
(ru-aiya),
Irugbin
s. seed
(reservedfor sowing).
(iru-igbin),
of a running
IsA,s. hole,rat's hole,burrow, grave ; name
Iru-pepe,

s.

plant.
IsA, s. flight
; the act of drying;
diggingearth. See Isa.
s. outer
(sa-boti),

IsABOTi

IsAKODO, IsAKO, s.

IsA,s. attempt made

Mo

"

by

ku isa si

i,"

plantused

weak

used

for

See Atellebosi.

court.

of

name

pointedstick

for

to attack

I made

an

sauce.

stronger person.

attempt

at him."

adv. down, below, beneath.

''IsALLE,

IsAN, s. payment, retaliation.

or
IsAN, .s. the act of splitting

making

fissure ; thundering.

of a snake.
Isan, s. nine days'space ; name
s. improved health, convalescence.
''IsAN,
s. nine
(isan-oni),
days hence.
deserter.
Isansa ko yan egun,
s. fugitive,
IsANSA (sa-sa),
isansa ko ikawo obbe, "A fugitive
never
stops to pick

IsANNi

"

the thorns

from

his

foot,neither

does

he make

choice

of his sauce."

IsA-OKU,

s.

IsA-PA-MO,

Isi,s.

new

tomb.
sepulchre,
concealment.
the act of hiding,
thing invented or created ;

grave,
s.

memorable

time.

^IsE,s. inquiryof
158

like dew.
stranger; distilling

ISE

^IsELLE

s. earthquake.
(se-ille),

Isi-Mi,s. rest,pause.
IsiMi,s. rest,cessation from

work.

serving another ; the act of

tendingcattle ; religion.
IsiN,s. the act of buryingor hiding.
IsiNKU
funeral, burying of the dead.
s. burial,
(sin-oku),
adv. lately,
now.
Isi-si-Yi,
Iso,s. the act of tying; the state of being tied.
Iso,5. a breakingwind.
IsoFiN (so-ofin),
s. prohibition.
that by which
IsoKO
s.
ships are
(so-okko),
moorage,

'IsiN,s. service,the

of

act

fast.

made

Iso-Yi-Gi,s. marriage.

throwing with the hand; a telling

forth ; a shootingforth ; a joining
togetherof divided
of a person
or
parts, (asof a calabash or the wound

Iso, s. the

of

act

tree).

^Is9,s. quarter, station,place allotted to a person

thing; quarrel; murmuring, grumbling. Aki

or

iwa

"

ni

alaso

alia

never

looked

Iso-AGBA,

s.

"

iso

elepo,

for in the

the resort

man

white

linen

is

palm-oilmarket."

seat of the

or

in

elders.
"

Kuro

ni

is9

place of the elders."

s.
IsoDOMMO
adoption.
(so-di-omm9),
set with guinea-corn.
s. bird-snare
IsoKA, (so-oka),
s. descent, a going down.
IsoKALLE
(so-ka-ille),
s. a
mourner
(a name
(son-ekuu),
plied
apIsoKtJN, IsoNKUN
chief
the
female
children, as they are
to
of a parent). O bi is9kun,o
the death
on
mourners
{L e. a daughter)and
bi iwalle, He begat a mourner
"

agba, Away

from

the

"

"

(i.e.
grave-digger

IsoKuso

son)."

(so-ki-iso),
s. mischievous

unmeaning

1.59

evil word, idle

tale,

talk.

foundation
s.
(so-ille),
mud).

"IsoLLE

or

(whether

of

stone

or

ISO

IsoYE, AsoYE

IsoN, s.
i/

s. explanation.
(so-ye),
fountain,spring ^Aki ire ni ison

lo ida si

"

No

"

draw

should

one

supply the abyss;" /.e.

himself

of his small

from

water

No

poor

property

naan

to

ibu,

the

spring to
should deprive

make

presents

to

the rich.

^IsoN,s. accusation.
IsoNNU

(so-ennu),s.

the first meal

of the

Mahommedans

days.
evening of their fasting
^IsoTTE (se-otte),
s. rebellious
act, sedition.
Isu, s. the act of puzzling,perplexity,wearisomeness
;
scorbutic eruption; retailing
of liquor.
^IsuN,s. act of sleeping;(an euphemism for "death") ;
in the

accusation.

running plantused medicinally.

'IsA,Oru, s. a pitcherfor conveying water ; the
gatheringthingsscattered by pickingthem up
Is A,

IsA,s.

act

of

vidually
indi-

; choice.
s. anxiety,
perplexity.
(se-ajo),
IsAJu (se-iwaju),
adj.the foremost.
of a plant.
IsA-GERE, s. name
IsALOGBE (sa-ni-ogbe),
s. a
being wounded,
steel.
IsANA (sa-ina),
s. flint and

IsAJO

wound.

^IsAN-OMi,s. tide,current.
IsA-OGBUGBu,

of

kind

of

plant.
of pityor compassion.
s. manifestation
IsANu, (se-anu),
the act of being emptyIsANWO
s. emptiness,
(san-owo),
of the hand in walking.
handed
; the motion
s.

name

IsAPA,s. the sorrel.

the act of

clappinghands.
isasun
IsAsuN, s. a sauce-pot. ^lya ni ti ommori
iya
The
nje didon ommo
nje oru,
pot-lidis always
badly off ; for the pot gets all the sweet, and the lid
nothingbut the steam."
IsEKusE, IsEKisE (se-ki-isc),
s. unlawful
action,wicked
Is APE

s.
(sa-ape),

"

"

deed.
160

ISE

IsE, s. character,action, custom, fashion,

ki ifiise

dwell,his
IsEUN

ebi, " Wherever

sille re

re

s.
(se-ohun),

goes
kindness.

Ise,s. work, labour, duty,business.

Ise,s. trouble,hardship; victory. Ise
o

ma

visits

9mmo,
husband

has

man

poor

asise ki ili ara,

ran

"

laya

Poverty

his
visiting

without

to

goes

ko muokko

"

ki

man

Onise

"

him."

with

character

deed.

never

children

relatives."

no

^IsE,s. offence,transgression.
IsE-AMMi,s. sign.

See 'Ese.

IsE-ASE,5. miracle.
"

"

"

"

IsE-iPA,s. hard

labour, toil.

s. rough
IsE-iPA,

work.

IsE-iRiJu

s. stewardship.
(ri-oju),
who
to one
IsE-IsiN,
s. duty assigned

Ise-Iyannu,

serves.

wonder.

s.

IsEGUN

s. victory,
(se-ogun),
conquest.
IsEJu, s. twinklingof an eye, moment.
kan, In the twinklingof an eye."
IsEKisE (ise-ki-ise),
work ; any
s. wicked
IsE-KEKE,s. castingof lots.

Ni

"

igba iseju

"

IsENo

(se-ino),
s. abortion.

IsEPE

s.
(se-pe),

IsE-po, s.

*"

twigs,or branches.
twin.
double,repetition,

IsEPOLOHUN,

Ise-Ogero,s.
Ise-Olorun,
Iseti

of work.

kind

5.

withered

of

name

tree

kind

of grass.

easy work.
work.
5. God's

s. hem.
(se-eti),

Isi,5. kind of fruit

Isi-AGBUGBo,s.

tree.

spccicsof Isi.
opening,removal, change
a

Isi,5. the act of

^Isi,s. paleness,discoloration.
IsiGUN, s. aromatic

root

of

of

place.

trailingplant

found

forests.
IsiKKO

5. the
(si-okko),
*

161

state of

'

being under weigh.

in

ISI
s. See
(isi-oko),

IsiKo

s. remainder,
(si-kun),

IsiKUN

IsiN,

Isiagbugbo.

s.

of

kind

remnant.

running plant;

kind

of

kin.
pump-

s. error,
(si-pnna),
missingof the road.
^IsiNNu (si-ennu),
s. appetite.
s. account, reckoning.
Isiro,^Iro(se-iro),

^IsiNNA

IsiSE

5. wrong
(si-se),

action.

s. doubtfulness,
scruple.
(se-iye-meji),

IsiYEMEJi

Iso,5. iron nail.

s. passion,
peevishness.
(so-ino),
'Isowo
the act of trading; trader.
s. trading,
(se-owo),
bourer
li orun
mbe
ni iboji, The laIsowo mbe
nawonawo
is always
is always in the sun, the landowner

IsoNO

"

"

in the

shade

;" i. e.

toils,the

one

other

the

reaps

fruit.
5. difficulty.
(se-oro),
IsoRO, s. severity
; provocation.
Iso, s. watch, guard ; governance,

IsoRo

superintendence
;

ward.

(se-okan)(se-okan),s. concord, union,

IsoKAN

^IsoNNA

(s9-onna),s.

the

act

of

doing

ment.
agree-

mechanical

any

work.
'IsoNNA-AWO

who

5.
(se-onna),

tanner

leather-

worker,

one

in leather.

works

^IsoNNA-ASO,5.

tailor.

watchfulness.
s. caution,
(s9-ara),
"IsoRAN
s. a
faultyperson, one
(se-9ran),
himself.
'Isoran ni ise ajo,
IsoRA

"

"

himself

is

Isu, s. emission,evacuation.
162

act

of

of any thinground
soft part of a fruit,
pulp.

Isu,s. ball,or lump

Isu, s. yam

He

has

who

mitted
com-

commits

always anxious."

'isoTTE (se-9tte),
s. sedition,the
^

who

making
;

loaf.

sion.
divi-

ISU

Isu,

the

s.

of

state

dark

being

cloud); darkness.
IsuRA (su-ara),
s. treasure;

(as a

the act of

condensed

rainy
one's

entrustingto

care.
s. fall of
(se-ibu),

IsuBu

heavy thing.
Isu-ODDE, s. a wild yam, eaten by hunters.
Isu-OPE,s. palm-cabbage.
sale ; a kind of yellow ant, called
Ita, s. act of selling,
also

Otta, or^lTTA,

formidable

foe to the

white

ant.
,'

Ita, s. street, an

placein

open

front

the

of

building;
The junction

ko konno
Itta metta
the open air.
ebo, "
sacrifices."
of the roads does not dread
"

intended
in

calamity

to avert

several ways
place where
impending evil is supposed to
a

Ita, s.

of tree

name

heat

(ofthe sun) ;
of clothes

up

sail

always exposed
meet, whereby the
pated.
be altogetherdissi-

are

used for firewood.

much

Ita, s. woof, the thread

fices
Sacri-

that

the warp ; warmth

;
ing
(asof pepper) ; the hang-

crosses

pungency
curtains
or

the

act

of

hoistinga

fulness.

Ita, Itani,s. sting,

pain.
of seventeen
s. a space
days.
(etta-di-ogun),
Itadogun li ajoEgba, A round of seventeen
days is
the
are
meeting of the Egbas." There
many
clubs among
the Egbas : the members
meet
savings'
to deposittheir contributions
tain
(calledEsu) at a cerfixed interval of time, usually
every fifth marketin turn
takes the whole of the sum
day : each member
contributed
on
a single
pleted.
day,until the rotation is com-

Itadogun

"

"

Those
way

been
resources

who

first on

able

to
; and

command

from

the members
the

common

in this

the list secure

to disposeof
largercapital

to
by contributing

163

come

than

their
whose

they would
own

turn

stock, have

have

unassisted
comes

saved

late,
the

ITA

which

sums

otherwise

they would

trifles by little and

The

little.

have

expended

markets

occur

from
fifth day,reckoninginclusively
;

day
both

fourth

the

to

the
inclusive,

the

The

proverb.
is reckoned

made

of

interval is seventeen

day
a

second

series.

new

which

on

time

the

is

ment
commence-

See Dawo-esu.

the state
s. sailing,
(ta-igbokun),
sail,being under canvass.
^Itaje
s. bloodshed.
(ta-ejje),
of worm
Italle (ta-ille),
s. a kind
or
grub bred
attacks any

Itallema, Itallemo

hence

payment

Itagbokun

floor, which

last

the

days :

the
as

every

market-

one

first and

succeeding,the

on

who

lie down

of

setting

on

mud

there.

ancients;
s. the
(ta-ille-ma),

tors,
ances-

forefathers.

Ita-ma-ha,
Itametta
meet.

"

(Haiissa),
hope,expectation.
three
5.
a
(ita-mo-etta),
place where
5.

Pere

mo

junctionof

the

Ihamora

Itamora,

ja itametta, '' On
the three

sudden

ways

came

to

ways."

mour.
(ta-mo-ara),s. war-equipment, ar-

lightingfire,
spreadingabroad
shining,
(soas to lay open what is hidden); narration of old
traditions; recordingpast events.
IW9 ko le ipa

Itan,

the act of

5.

"

mi

ni itan

struct

Itan,

s.

Itan,

5.

me

nkan

wonni,

"

in those ancient

thigh,lap.
completion.
s. the
(tan-ina),

You

not

are

able

to

in-

things."

of

lightinga lamp ; flowers,

(so called from their brilliant colour).
Itanje
s. deceit,guile.
(tan-je),
Itara
(ta-ara),s. hastiness ; anxiety for another's
safety; zeal. Itara mi po ju, " My anxiety is
Itanna

act

"

'

1/

great."
Iti,s. timber,any largepieceof

porting or propping.
"

164

wood

Bi iti ko

w6

the

9W0

act

of sup-

ki iba

isepe,

ITO

Itori, s. share.

overlooking.
s. superintendence,
(t9-oju),
5. the act of being a guide.
(to-okun),
of bringsmall creek ; straightness
ing
; act
spittle,

Itoju
Itokun

Ito, s.

^Ito,s.

; old age.
up ; endurance
urine ; the act of following
;
s.
(to-okko),

Itokko

approach,arrival.

rudder.
s. recovery
(ton-ri-iran),

Itonriran, Itonrinan

of

sight.

s. present, gift.
(ta-ore),
foretaste ; first-fruit,
of tasting,
Itowo
s. the act
(to-wo),
earnest, anticipation.
^Itu, s. ease, comfort, cessation from acute pain.
Itu, s. the act of loosening,
(as a knot tied); budding or
burstingof a flower ; appearance of the ear from the
stalk ; eruption (on the body) ; adjournment of an
assembly.
overthrow
of a plan.
Itu, s. eradication,
of a cool
Itura (tu-ara),
s. comfort, ease
; the refreshment

Itore

breeze.

Itu-eddo,

consolation.

s.

See

Ituno.

dispersion.
the act of
Ituno
s.
comfort, consolation,(lit.
(tu-ino),
making easy in the mind).
^^Iwa
character.
^IwA, s. conduct,behaviour, disposition,
ni ijooniwa loju, Every man's character is good in
his own
eyes."
Itu-ka,

s.

"

"

^IwA, s. creation,a

of

state

being,existence

the

act

of

^digging.
IwA, Awa',
metta,
IwA,

s.

s.
"

the
He

act

made

of

coming. Ayun awa

four journeysbackward
"

re

di eriand

ward."
for-

trembling.

IwABUBURu,

s.

wickedness.

examination.,
s. investigation,
(wa-idi),
IwAJE
act of seeking something to
s. the
( ^je),
gain,profit.

IwAui

"

166

eat ;

IWA

oju),s. presence, front.

unsteadiness.
IwAKUWA, s. caprice,
^IwALLE ( ille),
s. a digger,one
(

IwAJu

"

"

male

child).
"

^IwA-Mi-MO,

IwARA,

See Isokun.

s. the
( ille),

IwALLE

digs,(appliedto

who

of

act

searchingthe

house.

holiness,sanctity.

s.

hastiness,rashness,impatience.

s,

IwA-Ri, s. homage, worship (renderedto

IwA-wi, AwAW^i,

king).

s. excuse.

close combat, agony.

IwA-YA-iJA, s. struggle,
IwAsu, s. preaching,address.

IwA-SE,

finest

the

s.

grain;

fine

very

powder

the

menses.

IwE,

book, paper

s.

; a

of

passing

kidneys.
silliness.
foolishness,

IwE, Ollo-ino,
IwERE,

act

another.

thing round

one

the

comparison;

s.

s.

the

s. headband.
(we-ori),
IwiN, s. ghost,spirit,
spectre.
^IwE, s. the act of washing the body.
IwE, s. a speciesof frog; fineness (appliedboth to grain
and cotton);the act of bruisingor crushing (as of
grain,or any hard substance).
IwEFFA
s. eunuch, chamberlain.
(iwe-efFa),
washing.
"IWE-N9,IWE-N9-M0, s. purification,

IwERi

'Iwo,

s.

look, appearance

carnivorous

bird, raven

(a

supposed to be an intimation
or
a recent
impending war in the neighbourhood).
of
-'I
wo
ologbonko J9 ti asiwere, The appearance

flock of these birds is

of

"

"

differs from

the wise

Iw6, Owo,

s.

disease

prevents them
Iwo, Owo,

s.

Iwo, Orogbo,

from

that of the fool."

in

the

of

mouth

suckingthe

infants,which

breast.

horn.

s.

tree, the fruit of which

is called the

bitter kola.
'

Iwo,

s.

167

the act of

(as a
falling

house

or

tree).

^IWO
the act
s.
(wo-lu-iile),
a house.
destroying
"IwoRo, s. a worshipperof the gods.
IwoLULLE

^IwoRo-oRisA, s.

fellingtrees

of sacrifices ;

eater

an

of

worship.
IwoYE
(wo-oye),s. a look
forethought.
Iwo-Yi, s. the present time
Iwo, s. poison which may

out

or

providence,
foresight,

season,

be

in food ;

administered

tree, the sap of which produces blisters.

Iwo, Idodo, s. navel ; crookedness
; the act
the

along on

ground,or

fitness
"Iwo, s. suitableness,

from

of

dragging

another.

placeto

one

; fishhook.

; entrance

thou.

\vfOypers.pron.

s.
(wo-9fFa),

becomes

who

has

idols to

taken

IwoFFA

who

one

or

for

one
a

insolvent debtor
in pawn
; an
certain period the property of his

creditor.

^IwoN,

s.

measurement

measure,

quantity
;

certain

adj.so
IwoN,

s.

many.
act of weaving ; act

IwoN,

s.

dearth
scarcity,

called

IwoN-iGBA

thrown

before

of

the

the

descendingon

act

it falls to the

of

neck

narrow

as
a

of

curse.

calabash,

catching any
ground.

thing

of water, the act of

(won-odo),s. measurement
sounding.
Iwo-NA, pers. pron. thyself.
stick.
of a tree, broomIwoN-woN, s. dry twig,small branch
IwoNDO

s. greediness,
ravening.
(w9-ara),
Iwosi, s. contempt, wrong, injury.
drawn
s. heap of cotton
(wo-asp),
IW9S0,Okuku

IwoRA

the

towards

whilst at his work.

weaver

Iwo-TiKARAWO, IW9-TIKARA-RE, reflec.

pvon.

thou

thyself,

thou.

^Iwu,

Iwu,

s.

s.

168

choice,love,desire, pleasure.
act

of

swelling
; act

of defilement

(saidof water).

IWU

IwuKARA

s. leaven.
(wu-akara),
^IvA, s. calamity,loss; innocent sufferingof evil; the
Tse ko don
act of giving way, turning aside.
iya
''
fobun
ko
ki amo
enniti iya ndon
li ara,
Calamity
has no voice ; suffering
cannot
speak to tell who is
reallyin distress,(and who is complainingwithout
cause)."
Iya, s. madam, mother, mistress ; pot, basin,calabash,
covered vessel ; haste, quickness.
Iyagba (iya-agba),
s. matron, elderlywoman.
Iya-la, 5. grandmother.
Iyalle
wife ; the first or elder
s. mistress,
(iya-ille),
"

wife.

The

Iyalle-ero,
Iyalode

(
"

Iya- wo,

Iya, s.

s.

s.

other

wives

hostess, landlady.

s. title given to wise

ni-ode),
bride.
newly-marriedwoman,

tree, the leaf of which

called Iyawo.

are

is used

in

women.

wrapping

up

Agidi.

the early part of the morning,

s.
( ille-ta),
about eightor nine o'clock.
Iyan, s. pounded yams.
^Iyan, s. act of neighinglike a horse, act of gaping.
Iyan-rindide, s. quicksand.
contradiction.
Iyan, s. fear,anxiety;denial, negation,
Iyalleta

"

"

"

diyan,

Ma

Fear

not."

of
^Iyan,s. famine, dearth, scarcity
of
Iyanju

food

choice, the

act

choosing.
s. encouragement,
exhortation,perse(iyan-oju),
verance.
s. wonder,
(ya-ennu),

Iyannu

^Iyangbo,

s.

amazement.

chafT.

Iyangbe, adj.dry,void of moisture.

Iya-pa, 5. division,separation.
liveliness.
activity,
Iyari, s. vivacity,
activity
; manifestation
^Iyatto (ya-otto),
s. difference.

Iyara,

s.

169

of

pleasure.

lYE

Iye,

s.

number, value, price,cost.

Iye,

s.

mind, faculty,
understanding,
memory.

Iye, s. reed

which

on

is wound.

cotton

life.
living,
adj.valuable,of great price,pre(iye-bi-iye),
cious.

^Iye,s.

of

the act

Iyebiye

s. female
(iye-kan-obiri),

Iyekanbiri

relative

the

on

ther's
mo-

side.
Iyekankonri

(
"

s.
okonri),

male

relative

the mother's

on

side.
dust ; adj.of the dust.
s. the very
(eyi-ekuru),
Iyemeji (iye-meji),
s. doubt, uncertainty,
suspense.
ings. interpretation
Iyeni, Awi-\;e (ye-enni),
; understand-

Iyekuru

kind

of

spice.

Iyere, s.

Iyere,

.s.

the locust-seed

Iyeye,

s.

Iye,

fitness,comeliness,meetness.

s.

kind

of

in its

state.

raw

plum.

sour

Iye, s. booty,forage.

^Iye,5.

dust of worm-eaten

Iye,

feathers, quill,pen,

s.

of.

much

"

hawks

go

trees.

Awodi

lo ire

away

for the

ignorant) suppose

that

dow^n

iye

the

of

act

making

li eiye si lo, " The

nwon

moulting
these

season,

birds

are

and

(the

gone

for

ever."

prepared from yams

parboiled and
dried ; flour in general.
^Iye-wo,s. investigation,
examination,visit.
honour.
Iyin, s. esteem, praise,
Iyi-pada, s. turning,conversion.
the pin inserted through a hole in the
Iyiso (yi-aso),
s.
Iyefun,

s,

weaver's
with
Iyoju

flour

beam

in order

170

he

may

turn

it round

ease.

s. appearance,
(yo-oju),
Iyoku, s. (Eng.)yoke.

IvoKiJN

that

showing the

s. the rest,remainder.
(eyi-ti-okun),

face.

iyO
IvoN, 5. coral.
IvoNo

s. yearning of
(yo-ino),

Iyonu

trouble.
s. difficulty,
(yo-ennu),

Iyo, s.

salt.

bowels, tender

the

white
Ivo-oviBo, s. refined sugar (lit.
I^oKONRi

s. the
(eyi-9konri),

very

man's

man,

the

passion.
com-

salt).
same

man.

J.
J A,

V.

break

to

a.

break

(as a rope); separate by

the road
Ja

(a rope) ; drop (from aloft)

; v.

find out

followedhy

violence

to

n.

to

come

snatch.

Lekanna

to pinch with
(ni-ekanna),
of the fingers. 0 ja mi
He pinched me."

nails

the

"

kanna,
le-

"

Lennu-Ommo
from
J A,

(ni-ennu),v.

a.

to

wean

the breast.

fight,
quarrel,
war,
dispute.
v. a. rob,plunder.
JAfolloived
hy LoLE (ni-ole),
NiKORo, V. a. contradict,gainsay,oppose.
V.

to

n.

J A, adv.

through.
Jade
to walk, go out.
i\ n.
(ja-ode),
Jagan, adv. roughly,cuttingly,
vexatiously,
harshly.
Jagudapali, adv.
Jagudujagan,
Jafara

account, any how.

Jagidijagan, s. evil-doer.
on

any

v. n. to be negligent.
(ja-ifa-ara),
to fight
v. n.
a battle.
(ja-ogun),

Jagun

Jagun,

s.

title of

warrior.

from
Jahin-jahin, a(/y.throughout,

one

extreme

another.

Jaka,

s.

Ja-koro,
J

ALE

cup, mug.
v.

a.

to

contradict,oppose

V. a.
(ja-ole),

rob.
steal,
through.
to

Jalle,

v.

n.

to

Ja-lu,

v.

a.

to attack

171

go

unawares.

by

answer.

pointto

JAM

See Amonna.
marauders.
s. soldiers,
(je-aniona),
Jamba
5. damage, mischief.
(ja-ba),
Janjan, adv. intensely
(appliedto the heat of the sun).
hot."
'Orun
mu
janjan, The sun is intensely
Jama

"

"

wicked

Janduku,

s.

Jankavvo,

s.

soot.

JannajA.nna,
Janu

s.

of

name

s.

(jaennu),v.

Jangboro,

person.

n.

disease.

boast, brag.

to

knee-cap.

Jaoke

See Aka.
of a shrub.
s.
name
(ja-si-oke),
Jare (je-are),
be just,please.
to be in the right,
v. n.
Ja-si,v. a. to lead to, drop into.
Jagba (ja-ogba),
v. n. to
perform the task assignedone
who

is in pawn.
Jagbajagba, adv. in

Jata,

d.

n.

to

See Iwoffa.

great confusion, confusedly.

about.
unconcerned
negligent,
childishly,
unmeaningly.

be

Jegbejegbe, adv.

Jenia-jenia, Ajenia, s. cannibal.

Jere

v. a. to deserve, gain.
(je-ere),
Jerejere, adv. sparklingly,
dazzlingly.Ide na ndan
" The
brass is very brilliant."
jerejere,
Je, v. n. to answer
; be ; comply with, be willing.
bi/MA,atix.v. must, ought." Emi ko je ma
jE/olloived
ise na,
I ought not to refuse doing the work."
se
Je, v. a. to permit, let. Je ki nlo, Let me go."
Je, v. a. to eat, dine ; owe ; deserve, gain.
Je, Jeje, adv. quietly,easily,
gently. Se jeje,
softly,
Deal gently,"
Jeballe
and n. to receive the title of
v. a.
(je-obba-ille),
"

"

"

"

"

"

governor;
govern.
Jebbi (je-ebbi),
v. n. to be

guiltyin

was

Je-die-die,
s.

Jeguduragudu,

the matter

bird
s.

See Je.

verv

jeje,

adc.

"

172

so

"

and

then sat in

called from

worthless,

JiIje,adv.
e

guilty. O jebbioran
a

won,

"

corner."

its cry.

good-for-nothing
person.

gently,very softly.

lie

JO

Jo,

V.

suck
JoGUN

leak

out, drop from

V. n.

burn

JoBBA

ceased
property of the de-

the fire.
to what

ti atejumo

Ohun

"

is

roastingit will

be burnt."

not

Jo, V.

at

attend

"

Jowu

the

sit,abide, stay,dwell.

to

to
v. n.
(jo-ina),
ki ijona, If you

JowERE

crack,

opening or

an

out.
v. a. to inherit
(je-ogun),
of.
; take possession

JoKo,
JoNA

to

n.

endeavour.
to try hard, struggle,
v. u.
(ja-6were),
to be jealous.
V. n.
(ja-owu),
n.

alike, be similar,resemble.

to be

reign,be king over, govern.

Jojo, adv, very, much, exceedingly(always after a
of abundance). Enia po jojo,"The
people are
v. n.
(je-obba),

to

verb
very

"

numerous."

enjoy the honour due to another.

JoLLo, 5. a kind of long-neckedcalabash.
Jowo
V. a. to let,
permit. J0W9 mi I9W0, Let
(je-owo),
me
(go)."
be more
than ; differ.
Ju, V. a. to throw, cast, fling,
is
The superlative
Ju, sign of the comparative,more.
formed
by the addition of Lo, Julo, most.
IW9
See Buru.
than I."
ju mi lo, You are more
JoLLA

V. n.
(je-olla),

to

"

"

"

"

"

Ju,

V.

n.

to

be

worm

eaten.

to have
a
v.a.
gratefulremembrance
(je-iba),
respect, regard,think of
JuDi-juDi, adj.not having a clear head, confused.

JuBA

JuFU,

s.

armlet

or

bracelet

of silver

or

white

by the royalfamily).
Juju, adj.confused, chaotic.
JuMO
in company.
(J9-imo)adv. together,
Jure, v. a. to point out, direct,show.
Juwo, (j11-9wo), V. n. to beckon with the

174

met?^

hand.

of,

(worn

KA

K.

Ka,

Ka

Ka,

count, reckon

to

v. a,

ille," Sit

v. a.to

on

the

read ; sit upon,

upon.

K'a,aclr.round, around,

in

the tree, roll,fold; fail.

circle.

Kabakaba, adv. irregularly,

roughly,unevenly.
Kabiyesi, defect,
v.
(a respectful
expressionused

approach

of

"

ground."

pluck fruits from

reap,

set

king

great personage);

or

the

on

Let

us

be

all attention.

Kadun,
Kafo,

v.

s.

kind

Kahoro,

the

s.

the space of
with
of tiglit
trousers

to be

n.

Kainkainka,

5.

about

of

name

year.

long legs.

shrub.

guineacornleft after threshing.

Kaka
ki okuku
wipe, Instead of

husk of the

Kaka, adv. instead of

"

"

his

saying."
rally
presumptuously(geneKaka, adv. forwardly,
officiously,
I wo
la kaka lo li oddo agba,
V. La).
qualifying
Did
push presumptuouslyin to the rank of
you
"

"

elders ?"

Kakanfo,
Kakara,

title of
war-captain,
pieceof shell,shell.

s.

s.

war-chief.

adj.strong, violent, forcible ; stiff,unyielding,

Kaka,

stubborn.

"

Agbara

kaka

li afi

"

mu

u,

We

it

took

great violence."
Kakansenla, s. plantcalled the monkey-kola(named also
with

Obiaya).
Kako,

v.

a.

to

curl,twist.

Kalle

v. n.
(ka-ille),
deposit.

adv.

Kalle,

around,

to

down, sit

set

abroad

v. let us
defect,
(ki-ama-lo),
go
Kan, adj.(contraction
"9/*0kan),
one,

of

175

; may
a

we

certain

ground,
;

riously.
noto-

go?
one,

one

many.

adj. sour, acid, morose,

peevish,sore, painful, v. n.

Kan,

the

spreading abroad

Kalo

out

on

rough, violent, cross,

to ache.

KAN

Kan,

adj.last,ultimate (appliedto words of action).

Ase kan re li eyi, This is your last action."
Kan, v. n. to drop as rain,drip; pluck,nip off.
"

"

Kan,

v.

reach, touch

to

a.

knock

hammer,

at the

nail,drive

at ;

in

with

door.

(okan-na),
adj.the same.
Kanakana, s. a sling. Enyi ni
Kanna

ki

"

'^

le ogun, Kanakana
shoot
should
not

li ofi le
arrows

repelthe enemy?
repelledthe Boko
Kanakana,
neck.

s.

kind

oni

say that
with what, then, shall

Boko,

with

'Twas

"

You

slingthat

of

with

crow

ti

eyi

ise kuku

Ibara

nre

The

"

ya,

white

on

ni,efufii

ta

the
ni

going to
will help

was

That
sprang
w\) behind :
famously,'
(saysthe crow)." Kanakana

on

we

of old

one

streak

crow

breeze

we

people."

Kanakana

"

idi pa,
Ibara ;
me

ki ni ki afi
taffii,

ama

'

ba kanakana

"

Odi-eni ! The crow

ja,kanakanada kanakana.
conquered the crow.
foughtwith the crow, the crow
'Once !" It is a favourite Yorubagame
to repeat as
without
times as possible,
tences
taking breath,senmany
such as the
rence
foregoing,containinga recur"

"

"

of

similar

sounds.

is announced
repetitions

number

The
is

each

as

of

completed.

the
See

Apatta.

Kanga,

well.

s.

Kangara,

s.

handle.

kind

Enia

"

kan

others :" i. e. every

Kangi,

v. n.

to

ni iro

billhooks

makes

man

of billhook

come

to

man
a

with

kangara bo
to

put

ni li 9W0, " One

into the hands
of

has his
hard

trade.
particular
point,be difficult.

Kangun, v. n. to be at the end, be last.

Kanju, v. n. to be hasty,or in a hurry.
haste
who
makes
Kanju-Jaiye, s. one
covetous

176

to

be

rich

man.

Kanmukanmu,

Kankan,

perforatediron

adv.

adv.

sweetly,with

hastily,
quickly,fast.

sweet

flavour.

KAN

Kaniiun,

rock-salt.

5.

Oyibo,gombo li
produce of Haussa
men
beyond the sea

ommo

the
the

mixture

of rock-salt

produce of
Kankan,
Kanki,

s.

Kankun,

Kanno,

v.

Kanra,

v.

Kanri,

n.

to be
to

for sacrifice

Kanrin,

be

in the

the

of sponge.
used by rich farmers.

room

at

the door.

peevish.
ill tempered,peevish; fret.
or

severe,

the

touch

nail the skull to

head

with

the victim

tree.

"

of

quiteout

"

ni kansoso

On

li o

lo,

alone."

went

Kantikanti,

s.

the

gnat, small

(supposedto make
liquor,
oran
akeregbeli pron,

"

with

the

soft,and used for the

sight."
Kansoso, adj.alone, only,singly.

of

far off, beyond the

adv. very
of sight,
clean gone.
O lo kanrinkanrin," He

is gone

He

produce

Kanrinkanrin,

reach

"

salt is

(withwhich
retailed)is

is

li

of Ire."

morose,

to strike

a.

tobacco

tighttrowsers

to knock

n.
n.

v.

of

kind

v.

is the

; the spoon

fibres beaten

s.

of ablution
a

tobacco

Rock

"

adj.sweet-scented.

Kanikan,

purpose

Haiissa,asara

Onire,

ommo

and

the Chief

Kanhunkanhun,

li ommo

Kanhun

"

the calabash

it
The

flies which

sour.)
"

Kantikanti

gnats have

;" i.e. they swarm

about

swarm

about

no

it

ko li

quarrel

onlyfor

of the sweet

liquorwhich it may contain.

done.
Kanu, v. n. to be sorry, feel grieffor wrongs
Kara, s. a thorny plantof the acacia tribe ; gland.
the v. la,
to split
Kara, adv. (usuallyqualifying
"),on
a sudden, precipitately
dashingly.
; loudly,
the sake

"

Karo,

s.

bird,so

named

from

its cry.

speak ?
Is there any thingthe matter?
I
'KAs,n"iKK,mt"rrog.adv.
hope there is nothingthe matter : (a questionalways
put when somethingis suspected).
and down
in the piazza;
as
Kasse, v. 11. to walk
up
walk slowly and leisurely
; measure
by pacing.
v. may
Karo, defect,

177

we

KAS

Kasse,

terminate, come

to

v.n.

a(h. here

Katakata,

and

to

there,

end.

an

tered
widely dispersed,scat-

about.

Karawon,

s.

See Kawon.

shell.

the conch

after the words

all,whatever ; (usedchiefly
st). Kd si kati nibe, There is nothingwhatever

Kati, adv.
Ko

at

"

"

there."

Kawo, v. n. to observe thingsprohibitedby

Kawon, Karawon, s. the conch shell.
Karun,

v.

n.

to be

adv.

proudly.

Kasa,

v.

71.

to recite the

Kasa,

v.

n.
a

used

Ke,

v.

Kede,

v.

See.

v.

Yan.
of the

names

gods.

adopt a new fashion.

running pricklyplant,the
to

exclaim,howl.

to

v.

a.

is

cut, chop.

to

proclamationabout

make

to

n.

fibre of which

calabashes.

to mend

n.

gods.

fifth.

the

Kasa,

Kasan,

the

the

town.

See

Akede.

Kede, adj.scarce, unfrequent.

Keferi, s. unbeliever, heathen, pagan.
to associate,
Kegbe
walk
v. n.
(ko-egbe),

friends,keep

as

company.

Kegio, Kegiro,

kegio ko
reach

Keke,

v.

bird, so called from

de orun,

"

The

cry

the

sky ;" (saidof

weight).

much

Keje,

5,

to

n.

s.

be the seventh

small

pieces

ticket ; the reed

cotton

ticket

by

is

which

or

whose

voice

has

not

in order.

of grass
grass

on

used
which

for

castinglots ;

carded

or

pared
pre-

suspended preparatory to spinning;

custom

is collected.

the sound
Keke, adv. (representing
struck

"

of the

one

its cry.
Ohun
kegip does not

of hard

substances

qualityis tested.)
Keke-Idi,Adilu, s. mode of castinglots (a child's game).
of an esculent
Kekeke, adj.small,little (ones),s. name
plant.
178

by
together,

which

their

KEK

Kekelenje, Okelenje, s. a
small.
Kekere, adj.little,
ki o ko, A largecock

kind

small

nla

Akuko

"

"

does

of lizard.

je

ko

suffer the

not

ki keker6

small

one

crow."

to

to be little.

Kerb, v. n.
Ke-pe, v. a.

to invoke

Kere-owu,
Kerora

loudly.

cotton-seed.

s.

v. n.
(ke-iro-ara),

for

cry out

to groan,

call on, call at.

Ke-si,v. a. to visit,
Ketiri,KetT (ko-etiri),
adj.benumbed,

pain.

of sensation.

void

Kewu

(ke-ewu),v. n. to read ; (term used by the Mahommedans).

in a delicate
Ke, v. a. to indulge; set a snare
; leave
state ; cherish.
Ake omm9
bi oju, He indulgesthe
child as (ifhe were) an
dulgent
over-ineye ;" (saidof an
"

"

parent).
Ke,

v.

to

n.

hoarse.

(as a sore); extend; glow;

worse

grow

Egbo ke, ina ke, ohun

spreading; the fire is glowing ;

Kedogun,
Kegan

"

v.

n.

to

v.

71.

to

turn

u.

to
despise,

to

sore

be
is

is hoarse."

or

row.

contemn.

the back.

the cry of the hen ;

birds ; adv.
preys
upon

Keke,

The

the throat

be the fifteenth in order

v.
(ko-egan),

Kehin,

enia ke,

"

s.

kind of black

which
squirrel

to cackle
Gbe,
(qualifying
as
a hen").
Agbebo ngbe keke, "The hen cackles."
Keke, adv. gradually.
li ennu
Keke
Keke, s. profound silence.
;
W9n
pa mp
There
is perfectsilence."
or, Keke
pa rere,
Kekke, s. wheel ; instrument used in spinningmade of a
small ball of baked clay,surroundinga small pointed
stick on which
the thread is wound
; spindle.
dumb.
Keke-pa, v. n. to be quiet,still,
Keko
to be learned.
v. n.
(ko-eko),
"

"

"

"

Kelekele,
Kelleku,
leku

s.
5.

tan

'179

spy, traitor,vanguard of an army.

printedmuslin or calico in general. Kel"

okun

je,ki ije behe,

okun

re

don,

"

(The

KER

.1

printedpattern of) the calico deceives the country

cloth, (which is usuallyonly dyed to conceal its
flaw in it); (the calico)is
texture
or
some
coarse
what (thecountry cloth)
takes it to be :
not in reality
(forwdiilst the fact of its being dyed might make it
the thread is (found on
tigation
invesa coarse
seem
fabric),
often
to be) fine ;" i.e.Further
acquaintance
corrects first impressions.
Ma se ba
Kerb, s. fool,one
easilyenticed or deceived.
li oron,
Do
not
mi sire ti kere ifi igba okun
play
the fool gets a rope round
the trick by which
me
"

"

his neck."

Ketta,

v.

n.

to

Kettala,

v.

n.

be the third in rank

to be

v.
(kon-ewa),

Kewa

\l Ki, V.

Ki

on

ni la ?
"

e' ku

adano

the tenth in order.

salute, greet.

to

a.

his

"

ille,

He

in

"

ever,
;) whosocomposition

What

Enniti

ko

does

not

who

from

return

ass.

[rel,
pron.

"

the

s.

to be

n.

pron. what
whatever.

Ki, mter.

order.

the thirteenth.

Ketekete,

Kettekette,

or

?"

ki 'ni abo,
salute

journeyforfeits

him

(usuallyoffered) to

who

(hisfriend)

the

salutation

remained

has

pa

at

home."
v.

n.

to be

Ki, V.

a.

to press

Ki,

term.

"

Ki, conj.that
that my

thick.

Mo
;

tight;
kitta,"

though ;

father

may

load

recite one's

I fulfilled three

KI

fulfil

days."

ki ole fu mi, " In order

babba

give

praises;

me."

(The latter
ilo, That we

ki

is

ole
omitted.) Ki awa
frequently
may
be able to go." In interrogative
it often
sentences
of
the sense
ki oma
lo ?
takes
may." Ki awa
be going)." Ki aga, ki ago, ede
May we go ? (lit.
li ako
different
ara
wa
gbo, "We
may
express
talk this and that),
opinions(^llt.
(but)it is because
do not (clearly)
understand
another."
we
one
Ki, adv. before a certain time, previously. Ki nto lo,
"

"

"

"

"

"

180

KIN

GiNGiN, adj.very

KiNKiN,

little ;

s.

ki

iso

oma

s.

Kinniu

lion.

"

je,kinniu

ko

small

very

elewon

di

ikasi

je eran

ki erankoki
Bi

yio ba

ani, bikose erin,bi-ko-se enia, bikose ohun

ko beru

ennikan,

the forest

"

The

let every
for the lion does not
:

lion is the

beast
eat

tion.
por-

What
KiNLA, inter. }iron. {emphatic)

KiNNiu, Keniu,

how

he

When

stale meat.

on

{lit.net) of

snare

take heed

dudu,

don

feeds,

he

roars

he

except
says, Except the elephant,except man,
black
Uran-utan
the
{lit.the
body."
thing) I fear no-

KiNRiN,

v.

a,

to rub

mi li ehin," Rub

KiREJE,

KiwEJE
or

KiRi, KiRiKiRi,V.

KiRiBiTi,adv.

See

KiRiBiTi, adv.
V.

n.

my

sponge.

"

Kinrin

back."

?;. w.
(ko-iweje),

like thread

Kmi-Mo,

with

slightlyas

twist,entangle; curl

to

silk.
to

n.

wander,

about

rove

at

large.

Cf.Adagun.

Kibiti.

See Kibiti.
to press, insist upon,

be

tunate,
urgent, be impor-

apply hard at. Okonri na kirimo ise aso ise,

The
man
appliedcloselyto his weaving."
KiRON
to salute the heaven).
v. n. to pray
{lit.
(ki-oron),
KisAN
to fulfilnine days.
v. n.
(ki-isan),
KiTTA (ki-etta),
to fulfilthree days.
v.n.
KiuN, adj.very little.
KiwEJE, V. See Kireje.
dide kiyan lo si ibe, I started
Mo
KiYAN, adv. at once.
"

"

"

"

at

once

and

went

there."

v. a.
followedh\)Si (ko-iye-si),

KiYE

to

serve.
notice,behold, ob-

of oneself
to take care
v. n.
(k-oiye-si-ara),
Ko, y. a. to meet, come
togetherface to face ; confront,
a
fire,by heaping togetherthe
oppose ; re-kindle

Kivesara

half-burnt
Ko

wood.

followed
hifLojr
182

on
(ni-oju,

the

v.
face),

a.

confront,

KC3
face to face.

meet

Emi

"

ko

loju,

"

confronted

him."

K6,

to

V. a.

K6,

V.

in

largequantity.
overripeness.Ila

from

harden

to

n.

by Jo, v.
Kofolloived
So,

y.

has grown

hard."

gather together.

to

a.

restrain.

to govern,

a.

ko li oko,

"

ila at the farm

The

"

gather,take

Ko, Ko, Ho, Ki, Ki, adv.

is the

Ko

not.

of the
ko
"We

non-existence.
Babba
negative,
merely stating
Awa
ko ja,
de, "(My) father does not come."
did not
Awon
fight.""
agba ko dide, "The
"

"

elders

did

saw

stir."

not

attributed
"

form

simple

to

by

one

out."

you

Ko

another.

Emi

"

denies

state

Iwo

"

ko, elomiran

ni

action

or

ri lode,

mo

ni, " Not

it

me,

as the last,
somebody else." Ki, same signification
but used generally,
before a
by euphonic attraction,
word beginningwith i. Emi ki ijebi o pe mi,
I am
was

"

"

such

not

as

as

you

took

Ki

Ki.

is

you

saw

out

"

Iwo

Ho,

cation
signifi-

same

used instead

commonly

sentences.
interrogative

it not

be."

to

me

ki

of Ko

ri lode ?

mo

"

in

Was

?"

Ko, adv. (expressingthe sound

of

hard

of the mode
KoBiKOBi, adv. (expressive

hollow

stance).
sub-

of the

eruption

of the

eruption

of

pimples).
of
KoBiKOBi, adv. (expressive
of boils).
KoBiTA,5.a rider's shoes
KoiTO

adv.
(ko-ti-to),

KoDEDE,

adv.

no

or

boots

on

which

yika,"All
praises."
re

the world

speak your
KoKO, KoRiKO, s. grass.
Koko-Gbigbe, s. straw, dry grass.
183

fixed.

K6-JIN, adj.not far,not deep, shallow.

KoKiKi, V. a. to magnify,speak the fame

aiye kokiki

are

spurs

yet,not enough.

not

wonder

the mode

of.
"

over

Gbogbo
do they

KOK

KoKo,
KoKO,

s.

(an esculent root).

the cocoa,

s.

knot

on

K6ko-Ow6,

tree.

knuckles.

s.

KoKo-EssE, KoKosE,

anklc.

s.

ni mi

KoKO, adv. very, much, exceedingly. Ara

"

koko,

exceedinglystraitened."
KoKORo, s. worm,
grub, insect. Kokoro jiwojiwo,kokoro jobijobilara obi li o wa, enniti nseni ko gbon
'ni lo, (As) the grubs eatingthe iwo, and the grubs
eatingthe obi, lodge within the iwo and the obi
nut ; so he that betraysyou is not far from your person."
1

"

am

"

"

a.
f
(ko-ille),

KoLE

steal in

to

dwelling-house,
carry

to carry away
house, (lit.
feeble,weak, infirm.
KoLERA, aclj.

from

away

v.n.
(ko-ololo),

KoLOLO

KoLOFiN,

5.

lawless

house).

stutter,stammer.

to

person.
unthank-

KoMOREKOMORA.

(ko-mo-ore-ko-mo-ora),

ful person.
KoMOKUN, s. the

which joinsthe rightand

cartilage

s.

an

left

breast.

Ko-Ni-BABBA,s. Orphan

the father

on

side.

Ko-Ni-LEKOLONNA

Asa, 5.
(ko-ni-ille-ko-ni-onna),

KoNKOTO,

of

name

s.

play

at

to

orisa

Konkoto

plant;

bond.
vaga-

dren
thing used by chilworship of idols.
Konkoto
is the play-god

any
represent the
The

"

ewe,

"

of children."

KoNwoKO,
KoRiKO,

s.

s.

bird

called from

so

its cry.

grass, herb.

s. to
abhor, abominate, hate.
(ko-iri-ara),

KoRiRA

rira ko

ni nkan

is unfit

man

grass

KoRo,

V.

for

ko

n.

the envious

for trowsers."

to be bitter.

Akere

"

but he is

sian sokoto, " As

Ako

society(lit.has nothing),so

any

mattingis unfit

little man,
184

odun

"

as

koro

bitter

as

bi

''

idapa,
gall."

He

is

KOU

KoRo, Akoso,

smelting-pot.
v. Jalle, to go
tlirough).
very ; {qualifying
la jallekoro, "The
rock
splitto the very

adv.

KoRO,

s.

"

"

Okuta
bottom."

KoROKORo,

5.

KoROPOMU,

s.

brass bells put

of

name

KosiAN, KosuAN,

horses' necks.

on

plant.

(ko-son-ewa),
adj. improper,

KosuwA

indecent.

Ko-si-NKAN, adv. there is nothing; it is empty.

Koso, s. drum.
KosoRo

(ko-se-oro),
adj.easy, possible.
KoTnro, Koito, adv. not yet.
Koto, adv. not enough.
Koto,

pit,hole,

s.

ditch.

the hollow

KoTo-AiYA, s.

between

the breast-bone

and

the stomach.

KoTO-jiGONRON,
Koto-Oke,

KowE,
Ko,

V.

Ko

s.

s.

bird

valley.
so

called from

its cry.

to

v.a.

V. a.

call

"

I learnt

to emit

"

ko

si 'o li oko

Mo

ko

you

in the farm

build.

"

light(as lightning)
; be

distance, write, make

Manamana

Mo

ko

work."

flashes of

at

one

tattoo.

See Ko.

not.

teach, instruct
learn,acquire,

to

ise kan,

Ko,

ravine.
deep valley,

rebel, revolt.
refuse,be unwilling,
to abandon, refuse.
followedhy Sille (si-ille),
v. n.
71.

Kd, Ho, adv.

Ko,

s.

"

san,

It

ngko gbohun

but did not

hear

marks

vivid

upon,

lightensvividly."
"

re,

"

your

I called out

for

voice."

Kofolloived
hy Nila, v. a. to tattoo, circumcise.
in the king'spalace,projecting
buildings,
KoBBi, s. buildings
palace. Enia lassan ko ni kobbi olowo ko ni
ilari, As no (subject,
however) rich, may possess a
herald, (a privilegebelonging exclusivelyto the
"

"

king) ;

so

it is not

every

man

palace."
185

who

may

possess

KOB

adv. with many

KoBRi-Konni,

soft.

adj.not ripe,not

Ko-DE,

Ko-FE, v.a.
KoiiAN,

dislike,refuse.

to

V.

not

n.

projections.

to shew.

not

to appear,

Koi-Koi, adv. indirectly,

suspiciously.Agalamasa
"

koikoi", A rogue

suspiciously."
of the way)
(ko-ja-onna),
adj.{lit.ywi

KojANNA

V.

the face to, pay

to turn

si

towards

me."

Obba

The

king looks

"

mi,

The

"

koju

at the

attention

father

"

looks

buburu

rebels with

to, face.

si

favourably

aw

on

evil

an

to

withstand, face,oppose.
resist,

Ko-KARA,

to

howl

v.

V.

to

a.

KoLERu,
Kolla,

aloud.

Ikokara,

"

tattoo, circumcise

in translation instead

he used
v.

n.

s.

olotte,

eye."

KojujAsr,v.a.

Kola,

by, omit.
above, beyond.

koju rere

Babba

Kola,

absurd

to pass

a.

Ko3A, prep,
Kojusi, V. a.

"

rm

ria:ht.

not

KojA,

walks

"

loud

howl-

{a decent express'mito

of Dako).

be circumcised.
tattooed,
having no fear.
adj.fearless,
to be

n.

s.

of bitter fruit.

kind

KoLOKOLO,

fox.

s.

l9kol9 ko gba
fowls

adire

mourn

never

iba ku

Kolokolo

"

sin,
;

"

adire ko sokun

When

for the

the

fox

never

fox

ko-

dies, the

rears

up

chicken."

KoLOFiN,
KoLu,
K6n"

confined

5.

V. a.
v. n.

to attack

or

place,corner.
impetuosity.

secret

with

be full.
fill,

to

assist.
followedbi/Lowo, v. a. to strengthen,
Ko'niko'ni,Ko'ni, v.a. to teach, instruct.
Km

KoNKOsso,
ku

"

KuN,

some
V.

KoN, KoNRiN,
186

one

n.

to

v.n.

s.

sieve

The

elubo,

without

KoN,

KoKOsso,

straw-sieve.
never

to hold

"

Konkosso

sifts flour
it."

grumble, murmur,
to sing.

hum.

ko

da

i. e.
by itself,

KON

KoRo,

KoNRON,
KoKOROGUN

s.

the bed

of

brook

iron wire used to wind

,5.an

river,valley.

or

the warp- thread

on.

KoKiJ,adj.green.
KoN-SA,

dart, pounce

to

v.n.

bird

(asa

upon
full force.

its

upon

prey),descend with
be unfriendly.
KoRE, V. n. to disagree,
to move
towards {lit.
turn
v. a.
K9RISI(ko-ori-si)

the head

towards).
KosiLLE, (ko-si-ille)
v. n. to refuse.
to strike the foot,
KossE, (k9-esse),
v. n.
trip,stumble.
KossEBA

ba), V.
accidentally.
(

KosoKO,

s.

bird

to

a.

"

by chance,

meet

called from

so

the motion

come

upon

of its tail.

with reluctance.
KoTi, ado. heavily,
gloomily,sullenly,
Koto, adj.wrong, crooked, contrary.
of salutation.

Ku,

s. a

Ku,

V.

n.

to

Ku,

V.

a.

to sift.

word

die, wither, be blunt.

V.

low, blow

n.

into dust.

go in and out ;"

there ;" Re oke

V.

to

n.

idon
'*

'

'I

am

to be

adv. in

KuFE-KUFE,
Ku-GBE,

V.

s.

n.

si

si ihin lo si ohun, "To

re

odo, "To

go

fond

and

up

go here

down,"
"

to

be

and
are

busy."

be
mo

small

round

body.
boasting.

undone, perish. Mo
"

mu

short.

of,like very much.

owo

ra

li aparo

is the cry
perishing,'
is the
spendthrift,'

top of the barn."

Ku-GBU, V. a. to sallyforth upon,

kiigbeli ehoro

idon

of the hare
of the

cry

rush

to make
Kuiiu, adv. (qualifijing
v. 116,

187

"

L9

confident

li oko,
am

Ku

der
there,to thunille ku si ode,
To

terminate,end suddenly,come
wool, blanket.

KuBusu, s.
KuDON, V. a.
KuDURu,

"

and

It thunders."

'Ojo kii,

"

Ku,

busy here

all signifying,
"to
expressions,

synonymous
"

to be

upon

noise

li abbababa,
in the field;

partridgeon
without

as

of

sideration.
con-

great

KUK

iniiltitude
"

They

or

KuKU, adv. rather.

KuKU,

the

s.

nho

"

kuhu,

great noise."
Kukii lo, Go rather (thanstay),"

making

are

Nvvon
water-fall).

vast

"

"

part of the Indian

which

on

corn

the

grain

grows.

KuKUMO,

KuKUNDUKU,

potatoe, the

s.

KuKURu, adj.short.
KuKUTE, s. stem, stock.

KuMo,

K'jN,V.

n.

to remain

KuN,

a.

to

KuN

V.

potatoe.

See Ajagajigi.

rub, daub, paint.

to

; v. a.

burn, set

KoN

or

sweet

sleeves.

short stick for self-defence.

s.

coat with

shirt,
country

5.

fire to, enkindle.

followedhy Loju,

v.

to

a.

value,
appreciate,

regard.
adv.

KuNKUN,
KuNLE,

loudly,aloud.

to kneel

V. n.

KuNUNKoiio,
KuNLE,

of

name

fine

to be

V. n.

adv. away,
kuro, " Take

KuRu,
"

Ki

Ri

This
BA,

KuRuiiu,
a

to be

it

child is shorter

than

"

"

lo,

the other."

the

{ivordadopted
from
of alarm

way." -Mu u
nibe, He is away

yikiiru ju ti ohun

Ommode

"

Give

"

to

s.
coast)
pail,bucket.
fowls at the approach of

bird of prey.

KuRUKu,

KuKu,

s.

fog,vapour,

v. a.
(ku-isa),

KusA

tree.

the knees.

kuro

"

short.

6'. sound

like the cotton

kuro,

Ya

"

away."
place."

the

V. n.

very

(aspulverizedflour).

oiF.

KuRo,

from

tree

down, fall upon

to kneel

V. n.

KuN-NA,

down.

Ku-si, V.

a.

bad

attempt.

courageous

to terminate.

v. a.
(kii-ita),

KiiTA

to make

mist,

to

experiencea

dull

market, find

sale.

ki
very earlyin the morning. Kutukutu
iji*ni li erin meji,kutukutu ni ije owuro, biri ni ije

KuTUKUTU,

s.

alle," The
the dawn
188

"

dawn
is the

does not
time

to

come

twice to wake

begin work

man

the earliest
{lit.

LAI
adv. without defilement,purely.
( ni-eri),
Lailo, adj.unused.
Laimore
( mo-ore), adv. ungratefully.
invisible.
Lairi, rtr^".
unseen,
Lainipekun
adv. without
end.
(ni-ai-ni-ipekun),
Laisettan
adv. without deceit,
( se-ettan),
unfeignedly.
Laiya
adj.bold,brave.
(ni-aiya),
Laiye
adv. in the world.
(ni-aiye),
Laiye, adj.unfit,unworthy.
Laja (la-ija),
v. a. to reconcile,make
peace.
Lajo ( 'ejo)
settle
to
V. a.
a dispute.
La-kaka, v. n. to strive with all one's might, press,
struggle; presume, intrude.
in which
dren
chilLakalaka, s. a hop on one
leg; a game
tombo, lakalaka tombo," as
sing, Lakalaka
they hop along,
babba
Lakari
Lakari, s. patienceunder vexation.
iwa,
bi o ni suru
ohun gbogbo li o ni, Patience is the best
of dispositions
: he who
patience,possesses
possesses
all things."
Laill:ri

"

"

"

"

'''

"

"

Lakise, adv. however.

win a race.
v. a. to gaina prize,
(ni-ako),
adv. punctually
Lakoko
(ni-akoko),
; exactly
; precisely
(asto time or place).

Lako

La-ku-egbe,

s.

of rheumatism.

kind

adv. finally,
(ni-ako-tan),
totally,
altogether.
the
Lala, s. trouble,distracting
care, solicitude ; agitation,
act of wronging ; labour.

Lakotan

to dream

Lalla

v. n.
(la-alla),

Lamoran

v. a.
(la-im9-oran),
to make
v. n.
(ni-anna),

Lanna

to

dream.

propose,
road or
a

advise, plan.

path;

suggest; ordain, order.

adv. yesterday.
(ni-anna),
Lara, prep, in ; by, through; on;

Lanna

kind of cake

Lapata,

Massa, ."?. a

Lara,

the castor-oil

s.

100

plant.

'

among.
made
of maize.

propose,

LAR

(ni-ara),
adj.stout, bulky.
Lara, prep, from, by, in (Ut.on the body)
Larin
( arin),
jyrep. between, amidst, among.
Larinka
rat.
s. domestic
(oni-rin-ka),
Lare
adj.tiresome, wearisome, fatiguing.
(ni-ire),
Larekereke
adj.crafty,
(ni-areke-reke),
cunning.
Lassan
adv. in vain, for nothing,to no
(ni-assan),
pose.
purLara

"

Latetekowa,
Lati

beginning.

adv. in the

Latetekose,

adv. at the first coming.

from
ati),
j;rej;.

(
"

(a place

or

time); to;

in order

that.

Latihinyilo, Latinhilo, Latisisiyilo

(ni-ati-ihin-eyi-lo

adv. from

henceforth,hereafter.
conj.on account of,because,for.
(ni-itori),
Rawani
s. belt,
(ni-iwa-ni),
girdle.
the
to
adv. all 's well.
(An answer

Latori
Lawani

Lawu,

ko?

Alalia

"

Are

you

well ?

"

?")
Laye
adj.to be alive.
(ni-iye),
Laye
( aye),adj.capacious,
roomy.
Le, adj.able, powerful,possible.
"You
Le, aux. V. can, may, might. Iwg le ilo,
go." On le ipada, He may return."

tation,
saluIs

"

or,

it

peace

"

"

are

able to

"

"

Le,

v.

n.

blister,

boy

v.

moon), appear on the surface,

Osu
drive,pursue.
le, "The

new

to

a.

"

appears."

moon

new

(as a

to appear

"

drove

the

Ommode

birds off from

Le,

v.

n.

to be

more

Le,

v.

n.

to be

hard, strong.

v.

n.

Leke,

to be

Legungoko,
into

and

s.

crane.

Lepolepo,

s.

name

v.
(le-ara),

191

"

The

specified;exceed.

above, be prominent.

Lekeleke,
Lera

ei'yeli oko,

the farm."

than the number

s. name

powder

le

of

used

of
n.

tree, the leaf of which

and

for

is

pounded

sauce.

plantbearing a yellowflower.
be strong.
adj.to be healthy,

LER
Leri

v. n. to promise ; boast,brag.
(le-ori)
adv. above,on the top.
Leri, Lori (ni-ori),
Le-ti (ni-eti),
prep, near, by, close to, on the border of.
Lewu
( ewu), adj.dangerous,perilous.
Le, v. n. to replenish
elastic,pliable. Le
; patch, be
"

"

sokoto

Le,

mi

fun

mi,

"

Patch

my

to be

lazy,indolent.
Le, Lo, v. a. to transplant,
ingraft
;
flat lightlyon
any thing soft or
Night is come."
v.

for me."

trousers

n.

to be

night;

another.

"

to

lay

Alle

le,

"

JLebbe,

pendant.-^Bi
When

"

flat thing,used as
fish ; any
apeja tan, lebbe eja ni iha ejali ennu,

fin of

the

s.

fish is killed,its tail is inserted

mouth," appliedto those who

own

their

own

Leiie,adv.

misdoing.
well;
(a word of approbation),

have

you
Leiiin

reap

into its

the

that

fruit of

is

right;

hit the mark.

(ni-ehin),
pre}), after,behind, on the
Leiiinleiiin,adj.backward, further back.
adv. once,
(ni-ara-okan),
Lerinkan, Lekan

back.

at once,

once

still.

more,

adv. fifthly,
the fifth time.
(ni-ara-kon-arun),
Lekeji
adv. second time, secondly.
( eji),
Lekerin
adv. fourthly.
( erin),
Leketta
adv. thirdly.
( etta),
in the first place.
Lekinni
( ekinni)adv. first,
Lekun
s. door.
(ille-ekun),
Lelle, adj.bending,pliant,yielding(appliedgenerally
Lekarun

"

"

"

"

to the

wind).

Lemeji, adj.twice.
Lemarun, adj.five times.
Lemerin, adj.four times.
Lemetta, adv. thrice,three
Lesse-esse,Lesse
Lewit,

s.

tinder
192

down
when

times.

in
Lesse, adv. orderly,

palm tree, used

with
a light
striking

of the

by

row.

the natives

flint and steel.

for

LI

words

for

"

of the verb Ni,

chanrje
eiqiho)iic

Li, L',an

with
beginning

Mo

ni aso,

ni
"

"T

owo,

He

a, e, e, o, o,

have,"before

li owo,
e.g. Mo
On
li aso^/or On

money."

have

to

clothes."

has

as
from,
Li, h\pre]).
above),
changefrom '^ijprep.
{euphonic

at, in.

LiLE_,adj.solid,hard.

s.

hardness.

LiLE, verbal adj.that which is to be driven.

LiLE, verbal adj.that which is to be transplanted.
LiLE, verbal adj.that which is to be increased
LiLo, Ilo, 5. a going,departure.

elastic.

porcupine tribe which lodges

Lili ommo
abbe
under
rocks.
(Hence the song,
LilT,a child from under the rock.")
okuta,

LilF,s.

of the

animal

an

"

"

LiLiLi,adv.
Ld,

v.

a.

and

LoBOTUJE,

and

little here
n.

to

make

use,

little there.

a
use

of; be elastic,bending.

5. the
fignuttree.
(ui-ibo-tu-ejje),

Olobotuje

adv. outside,without.
(ni-ode),
( odi),adv. on the contrary.
5. monkey.
( ogido),
the
(ni-oju),
prep, before,in

Lode

LoDi

"

LoGiDo

"

Loju

face

of,in presence

of.
adv. suddenly,abruptly.
(ni-ojiji),
LojojuMo, adv. day by day, daily.
in the
before,in front,in presence {lit.
L,oju,prep.
graciously.
LojuRERE, adv. favourably,
LojiJi

LoKE, prep, upon,

LoKiTi, Olokiti,

s.

of).

top, above.

the

on

eye

bottomed

false

vessel

used

for

potash.
straining
LoNi,

s.

to-day.

LoRi,

v.

a.

to whirl

round.

LoRi, Leri, jyrep. above,

LoRU
LoTO
L6wo
LoYUN

top.

on

adv. by night,during the night.

(ni-oru),
adv. surely,
truly,verily,
justly.
(ni-olit9),
( owo),V. n. to be rich,possess money, be wealthy.
v. n. to be
pregnant,conceive.
(ni-oyun),
"

193

LOS

Loso,

V. n.

Lo,

n.

V.

Lo, adv.

squat like a clog.

go, depart,leave, be

to

to

away.

than, most.

more

to engraft.
transplant,
Lo, adj.contrary, deviating;twisted, not direct;

Lo, Le,

v.

to

a.

moderately
The

"

Lo,

V.

to

lukewarm.

"

Omi

na

16

wowo,

is lukewarm."

water

a.

warm,

to be

grind;

institute

an

inquiry;

cry out

for lost

goods.
play the fiddle. See Luduru,
Logan
immediately.
(ni-ogan),adv. instantly,
adv. there,yonder.
LoHUN, LoiiuNYi (ni-ohun),
to
LoDDO
(ni-oddo),
prep, from, with, by, at (applied
Lo-DURU,

V. n.

to

persons).
adv. yearly,
(ni-odun-odun),
year by'year.
adv. on board, aboard.
LoKKo
(ni-okko),
LoLLA
s. to-morrow.
(ni-9lla),
LoLLA, v.n. to be honoured, be in authority.
adv. lately,
LoLo, Lowo-Lowo, adj. lukewarm, fetid,
recently.
Lopoiio, V. n. to increase in growth as the ear of Indian
full. Agbado wonyi lopoho
before it becomes
corn
gbogbo, The ear of corn increases in bulk."
LoRA
v. n. to be slow, linger,
delay.
(lo-ara),
to be rich.
LoRo
v.n.
(ni-or9),
adv. by day,during the day.
LossAN
(ni-ossa),
adv. weekly.
LossELossE, LossossE (ui-osse),
adv. monthly.
Lososu
(ni-osu),
the influence of.
Lowo
(ni-9wo),
prep, from, in, at, under
LowoLowo, adv. lately. See Lolo.
LoDODUN

"

"

Lmvowo,
Lu,

adj.lukewarm.

bore, perforate,v.
discovered; appear.
V.

to

a.

Lu,

V.

Lu,

V. a.

a.

194

to

beat,strike,knock.

to

mingle,put

several

n.

to be

be
perforated,

thingstogether;

rate.
adulte-

LUD

LuDURu,

V.

with
LuHA

by beating the string

fiddle

the

play

to

a.

stick.

easilysolved, difficult,

(lu-iha),verbal adj.not

knotty.
Luju, LuREKOJA,
Lu-KORO, V. n. to
order

hint

provoke

to

LuLLE

V. n.
(lu-ille),

Lulu,

adv.

or
severely.
excessively
speak evil againstanother in

or

him.

to strike

the

on

ground.
"

son,
entirely(qualifying
iggina lulu, We burnt the

.V

the

s.

dried

and

Okitipo, Egungun,

LuwE,

V.

"

to ashes."

hidden.

pulverizedleaves
Ose, used

and

for

of the

trees

sauce.

bathe.

to

n.

; be

oneself,hide

to hide

n.

Awa

burn").

to

wood

"

son

LuMo,
LuRu,

to beat

V. a.

M.

Ma,

defect,
v.

to

be

doing, be

the idea of

continued

going." Behe ni inia

daily." Ma k9Jirsiise
"

ise

"

action).
"

"

lojojumo,
gidigidi, Be

Ma

lo,

"

So

he

does

"

re

Be

tive
atten-

very

work."

to your

Ma,

practiceof (conveying

the

in

adv.

(a negativeparticleused only in imperative

Ma
with se added), not.
sentences, and frequently
"

rufin

"

mo,

pania,

"

Do

You

not
must

break

kill."

not

used, SE is understood.)
Ma, adv. indeed, truly,very.
"

are

indeed
you

ba

ma

won

very
must

kind."
not

lo si

them

"

be

law

the

(When

I wo

Ma

ma

ma

insolent

igbe ole,

"

more."

any

ma

alone

jogo,

seun

Mase

"

yaju si mi,

to

me."

Pray

do

"

not

Ma

You

"

se

^'

ma

go

is

deed
Inse

with

kidnappinginto the bush."

Madekoso, s. a beggar who goes from house to house to
tell news, by which
he gainshis livelihood.
Madimilorun
s. a
(ma-di-mi-ni-orun),
dropsicalperson
(so called from his desire to enjoythe heat of the
sun).
195

See Asonkon.

MAD

Madofun,

Magaji,

cry of a beast of prey.

burnt
Bi ina ba jo oko
grass ; flake.
in the fields,
fire burns
ille, When

Maiiurumaiiuru,

s.

soot ;

s.

majala afo

"

"

wa

the town."

flyto

the flakes

Majemu,

leather.

heir, the first-born.

s.

Majala,

of white, well-dressed

kind

s.

agreement

covenant,

s.

between

persons

as

to

specified
particulars.
saddle-band.
s. girth,
Majere,

certain
Majew

E,

Malu,

bull, cow,

s.

indeed.

adv. not

Mama,

ox.

Mam9ja

(mo-amo-ja),v.

Malaju,

5.

of water

kind

conjecture.
remarkable
for stupidity.

to guess,

n.

rat

See Ago.

Mana,

s.

of

name

bird

kind

Manamana,

s.

lightning.

Manamana,

s.

Maranmaran,
ndan

fowl.

kind

of snake.

adv.

dazzlingly,glisteringly.
Awojiji
The glassglisters
brightly.
"

"

maranmaran,

adj.the

Mararun,

of white

W'hole of the five,all five.

Marimaje, s. one who makes no choice of food.

Mariv/6, *. slipsof palm leaves.
Massa,

s.

of

kind

pancake.

Masso, adv. only,even.

Mate,

6-. a

Mato,

adj.not

Mayafi,
Mayami,

for birds and

snare

to be

sash, belt.

s.

small

s.

beasts.

sacred.
touched, respected,
See Law^ani.

nition.
bag used by hunters, containingammu-

v. n. to contain, endure.
(mu-ara-duro),
adv. (two negativesequivalentto an
Masai
(ma-se-ai),
You
Masai wa,
must
emphaticaffirmative).
surely
Masai
tell
come."
must
wi, "You
(me)."
Masegbin, 5. a speciesof deer.

Maraduro

"

"

"

Mbe,

v.subst.

Mbe-nibigbogbo
"

196

to

be, exist,live.
s. omnipresence.
(mbe-ni-ibi-gbo-gbo),

MIN

abbe;

The

"

of

keenness

MiNA,

burning heat

of the

like

is not

sun

the

razor."

(Gr.)pound.

s.

M7, adj.another, something

from Omiran.)

{Contracted

else.

MiRAN,

Mo, pers.proti. I.
v. n. to take off one's
(ms-oju-kuro),
and
know
(m9-ore),v. n. to be grateful,

Moju-KURO
More

kindness

done

to

attention.
ledge
acknow-

one.

(mu-oru),adj.sultry,
close,warm.
Mo YE
of perception
(mo-oye),v. ?i. to have power
;
prudent,discreet.
short vowels.) I.
Mo, pers.pron. {forMo before
Mq,v.n. to be clean, clear, lightas the day. v. a.
MoRu

stick on,

adhere, cleave

-y. n.

Mo,

V.

a.

to build.

Mo,

V.

a.

to

to

to.

know, perceive,
recognise;

Mo, adv. again,any

Mase).

Mase

"Do

not

mo,

more

lo mo,

"

understand.

precededhy Ma or
{frequently
Do
not go again." Ma
duro
longer." Ma wa mo, "Do
"

stay any

"

again."
Mo, prep, against. Okonri na se illekun
shut the door againstme."
man
with walls.
Modi, v\ n. to fortify
not

to

drink, suck.

Mo, Mu,

"

be

come

"

MoNUMONu,

MoDU-MODUN,

m9du

babba

"

ejje,

s.

braiu

Marrow

Modumodun-Egungun,

s.

mo

marrow.

is the father

marrow

and

mi,

"

"

The

Modu-

of blood."

fatness

of the

bone.

(mo-ohuu-gbo-gbo),
adj. knowing

MoiiuNGBOGBO

things,omniscient.
Moi-Moi", s.
MojE
MojuMo

kind

of cake.

to undergo the
v. n.
(mo-aje),
(mo-oju-mo),v. n. to dawn,

ordeal
be

by water.
light.

MoKANLA,

adj.eleven.
Mokokanla,
adj.the whole
198

of the eleven.

all

MOK

to make

v.n.
(ino-iko-ko),

MoKOKO

country pots; smoke

pipe.
lame.
to halt, walk
MoKUN
v. n.
(mi-ikun),
to conspire,bargain secretly
MoLLE
v.
n.
;
(mp-ille),
shine, givelight.
adv. close to the ground, adhering to
MoLLE
(mo-ille),
the ground.
Fa ommo
to.
near
Mora
(mo-ara),adv. closely,
mora,
the child near
Take
(you)."
to.
hard to, hard by, near
MoTi-MOTi, adv. closely,
a

"

"

Omotti,

MoTTi-MOTTi,

drunkard.

s.

drink

drink

in

hole

as

mo

drunkard
ijaba,"The
calabash,though he may

forgethis trouble."
be drunken;
to
v.
7i.
(mo-otti-yo),

so

MoTTiYo,

ko

ise

agbe ji,9motti gbagbe

cannot

Mottimotti

"

to

have

to

to the full.

drunk

take,bring,hold, seize,catch.
Mis/ollowedhy Kuro, v. a. to take away.

Mu,

V.

a.

to

Pada, v.
back,
Wa,

v.

Jena,

thing,bring

any

restore.

fetch,bring.

to

a.
v.

return

to

a.

to heal

a.

wound

or

sore.

Mu, adj,sharp,acute, keen.

Mu,

V,

n.

to
a

among

Mu,

s.

or

crowd.

{Haussa, Sinkafa), rice.

MuLLE,

V. n.

MuNu,

V.

n.

MuRA,

V.

a.

to strike
to be
to

the

firmlyon

oneself

prepare, make

make

"

Emi

ground.

fiery.

active,warm,

ready ").
ready."
Muse, v. a. to bring to
"

in water

immersed

sink,disappear,be

ti

mura

pass, make

ready; {Imp.mood,
tan,

"

been

I have

effectual,perform.

N.

N, signo{ presentpart.

Na,

adv.
199

already,so

soon

; in the first

place,first.
"

I wo

NA

te de

na

"

this first."

Do

Are

"

you

that.

pron. the same,

man."
same

Na,

Na, Ne,

v.

Na,

ko

na

v.

san

rin, The

Ovvo

"

ni,
ti

not

Balle

re

"

"

na

spent much
money
"
mi, My trade does

flog,whip.

to

a.

Okonri

"

Tete

"

spend, trade.

I have

"

jojo,
m9

to

a.

already?"

come

esin

na

of the house

master

eyina,

se

That

"

mo

is the

lonl po

na

to-day." Oja

ti

"

pay me."
ni pa san

floggedhis

me-

horse

with

four

stripes."
Na, Ne, v. n. to spread,extend.
stretched

out

hand

my

"

M9

na

you." Na
to dry for

to

"

si'o,"I

owo
ni

as9
me."

mi, "Spread out that cloth

to stretch oneself
v.n.
Naga, Nega
(na-iga),
reach

Naja
\J

s.

full trowsers

very

Enniti

round

the foot.

"

to

market, and

confined

to

mba

attend

must

business

your

to the

not

with

the vendor

in the

noise of the market."

Naro

ring used by archers for drawing their

v.
n. to stand
upright.
(na-iro),

Nani,

v. a.

Namai,

s.

to

Na-tantan,

for,be

care

v.

to

a.

or

Nawo

v.

n.

concerned

about, make
stretch with violence,throw

bow.

much
into

of.
vulsion
con-

spasm.

(na-owo),v.

Nawo,

to

as

employ oneself in trading; to trade.

inajali awo aid iwo ariwo oja, You

v. n.
(na-oja),
"

so

object.

an

Nagudu,

fun

sa

to

n.

to stretch

spend

the hand

money.
;

pass from

one

hand

to

another.

spendthrift.
profligate,
Nan, Ndan, adv. (used at the end of a questionto giveit
emphasis). IW9 le ise iru ohun behe ndan, "Are
you able to do such thingsthen ?"
Nawo-nawo,

s.

"

Ndawo,
Nega,

adv.
v.

no,

never.

See Naga.

Ng, Ing,jjers. pron.

Mo.)
200

used
{frequently

instead of Emi

and

NI
stood).
underNi, dem. jDrow.'that
to somethinq
{referring
previously
Kinni

"

ni

with Bi
emi

ko

enyin

*'

se,

would

Ni,

i\

a.

ship

not

"

fiUa

ni
Awa

good caps."
"

in

finitely.)
(usedinde-

one,

rebuked

father

He

"

yioI9,

on

Mo

canoe).

or

two

told

that he

us

load (as
possession,
meji daradara, "I
loaded

have

We

niko, "

See Li, L'.

to say.

n.

ti

all

yet 1 know

go,

Enni, one, some

ba 'ni wi, "(My)

fun 'ni pe

wi

the canoe."
V.

I could

gbogbo

ohun

mo

go."
to have, possess, get, put

have

Ni,

mo

"

of

Babba

"

sense

pounded
thing?" {Como/*though.) Bi

did."

"

one."

sugbon

Though

contraction

pron.

the

assumes

ti le ilo ni,

that you

Ni,

it

is that

Where

"

nko,

Mo

"

ni ki

"

wa,

will

that he

I say

come."

Ni,

be, is, it is,being. ( Used

subs, to

v.

Ko, "Not.")" Emi

not

^i

ni, "It

v. n.
(ni-ara),

Lara

to be

is

"It

ko,

NiRAN,

v.

Ni, prep, at,by,from,in,on,

which

"

Mo

see

determines

top."

the

NisALLE

"

lowo

wa

hand."

the

"

or

word

ni

(My)

"

"

loddo
"

"

more

^-^

very

it is

iio ni,

"

except i);

;''

Loke

the

It is

commonly

l,

much

in

used

or
joined modifies

"on
(li-oke),

bottom."
cloth

"Fetch

re,
re,

brance.
remem-

oro

the vowels

state,are

signification;
e.g.
at
(ni-isalle),

mbe

in

father is in the farm

Lr, and

to which

(li-owo)

niran

beforeall

"

condition

:
composition

is

work

(you) of that day'sword."

to. (Ni is changed,
for euphony,

mbe li oko,
wa
e.g. Babba
instead of Ni oko.
Ni,
a
expressing

lara, " The

remind, put

to

a.

"I remind

L'

mi

ni

na

"

or

hard, uneasy,

easy for me."

not

ifitoLi

to be

uncomfortable, be inconvenient.

Ise

"

201

Emi

is I.""

I."

followedhy

aso

to
opposition

in

by

him."

"

from

Gba
his

NIB

NiBAYi, adv. there, yonder.

NiBi, prep, in

at

place,

placeor locality.
adv. anywhere, whithersoever,
(ni-ibi-ki-ibi),

NiBi-KAN, adv. somewhere

NiBi-KiBi

; in

one

wherever.
NiBiTi

(
"

NiBE

adv. at the placewhich, where.

ti),
be),adv. there, thence.

(
?
interr. adv. Where
NiBO
(ni-ibo),
to be broad.
v. n.
NiBo, adj.wide, broad,
adv. elsewhere, in
NiBOMiRAN, NiBOMr
(ni-ibi-omi-ran),
another place.
s. a cross.
NiBu, NiBUBU
(ni-ibu),
Nidi, prep, concerningabout.
N

"

IDA-

Y ED

adv.

AYE,

now

and

then.

time.
adv. while, when, at a particular
(ni-igba),
times.
Nigbarugb'
adv. oft, often, always,often( ku-igba),

NiGBA

"

adv. sometimcs,
NiGBA-MiRAN,NiGBA-T\iT,
Ni-gbangba, adv. publicly,
openly.
NiGBAWo

time

"

ewo) ?

adv.

inter,

adv.

at times.

when

? at what

?
adv. by and by.
( igba-ti-o-se),
adv. when, while, at the time
( ti),

NiGBosE

"

NiGBATi

"

NiGBA-GBOGBo, adv. always,at all times.

NiGBANi

ado.
(ni-igba-ni),

in

time

of

old, in

ancient

times.
ado. now,
(ni-igba-eyi),

NiGBAYi
NiGBEiiiN

at this time.

adv. hereafter, afterwards.

about a place,on the side of.

( iha),
I?/""?/".
adv. hence, here.
NiiiiN, NiiiiNYi (ni-ihin-eyi),
adv. here in this place.
NiiiiNYiBAYi
(bi-eyi),
NiJETTA
s. the day before
yesterday.
(ni-ijo-etta),
adv. seldom.
NiJOKANLOGBON
( okan-le-9gbon),
NiJOKETTA
s. the third day.
(kon-etta),
Nijo-GBOGRO, adv. daily,every day.
Ni-KAN, adj.alone, single.

NiiiA

"

"

202

NIK

NiKAN-soso, adv. solely,

singly.
NiKEiiiN

adv. afterward, finally.

(ni-iko-ehin),
then,
NiKo, Nko, adv. (usedat ike end of a question),
how

then.

mother

is your
is this then ?"

lya re nko,

"

How

"

Eyi ha nko, How

NiKOKo (ni-ikoko),
adv. in secret, secretly.
adv. of old,in time past.
Ni-LAi-LAi,
of late.
Ni-LOLO, adv. lately,
This
NiLA, adj. large, big. Illugi nila,
large."
Nina (ni-ina),
v. n. to have
length,to be long.
Ni-ni,s. owner
; property.
to
NiNi, adv. very, exceedingly
v. tutu,
{qiiaUfying
"

"

"

"

mi

"

NiNi, s.

nini,

This

''

tutu

is very

water

then ?"

is

town

be

cold).

cold."

hailstone.

NiN6,j9?'ep.
among,

from,inside,from

within.

NiNo-NiNo, adj.inmost.
NiPA, NiPASsE, prep, by,through,in,according.

NipEKUN,
Nipo

to have

V. n.

end, terminate.

an

the

(ni-ipo),
prep, instead, in

NiPON,
NiRAN

V.

to be

n.

recollection

NiRiN,

s.

NisALLE

Nisi, V.
ko

kind

edge (as a plank).

thick at the

v. n.
(ni-iran),

to

of.

room

remember,

call to

mind, have

of.
of rat.

(ni-isalle),
prep, underneath, beneath, below.
about
to
a
n.
thing Emi
care, be concerned
"

nisi,
"

I have

no

about

care

it."

justnow, directly.
adc. before,formerly.
(ni-isa-ju),

adv.
Ni-si-si-Yi,
NiSAJu

soon,

now,

NiTi, adv. in that,because

that.

cause,
conj.beNiTORi, NiTORiNA, Ntori, Latori
(ui-itori),
account
on
of, wherefore, for the sake of.
"

Nitori

mi

Nitori

"

NiTosi,
Nitoto
203

li

se

ki ni ?

wa,
"

On

"

He

came

account

on

account

of what

neighbourhood.
adv. in truth, truly.
(ni-ti-oti-to),

s.

?"

of me."

NIW

NiWA,

have

to

V.71.

be affable,be
good disposition,

good quality.See Ireke.

yNiWAJu
son'^
(ni-iwa-oju),
pre}), (iised beforea place or perNwon
from.
forward ; before, beyond, in,
koja
niwaju ille wa, " They passed before our house."
Niwaju li ati ijogun ehin li ati ise agba, A man
be born to a (large)inheritance ; but wisdom
may
with lengthof days."
only comes
Niw^oYi
adv. now, about this time,
(ni-iwo-eyi),
kind

have

"

"

"

NnvoNBi, adv. inasmuch

as.

have
v. n. to
a
(ni-iye-ni-ino),
good memory,
understanding.
( iyin),
adj.grand, famous, (lit.having fame).

NiYENiNO
be

NiyIn

"

Njebi, Nje, adv. if then, if so, therefore.

Okan), s. a certain thing,

a thing,
something; goods.
Nkan-ki-nkan, 'pron. any thing,whatsoever, whatever.
Nko
(on-ko),adv. not, (lit.it is not that).
Nla, adj.great, large.
Nla-nla, adj.very great, very large.
used
in exclamations) No !
Nn, adv. not, (frequently
(contracted from Oiiun

Nkan,

No!
'^0

followedby No,

No,

to be

v.n.

cannot

lost.

be lost like

Nso,
us

NwoN,

da no,

"

NsoKALO,

ki ino

n.

bi eranko,

"

child

beast."

Gbe

"

Gather
V.

wipe off,erase.

to

a.

Ommo

"

No, adv. off,away.

o

v.

them

ju
and

no,

"

throw

Cast

it

them

away."
"

-Ko

away."

{imp.mood) proceed, go

on,

let

go.

AwoNG,

they.
'NYiN,|;e?*5.
of lEtNYi^),
jjron. (contr.
you.
pers. pron.

instead of Iwo beO, j^ron. 2d yers. sing,(usedfrequently

fore
O ri mi,/or, Iwo rimi,
long vowels i,e, o),thou
"

204

OBO

Obo,

hint,privateinformation.

5.

foster-parent.
Obo, s. an instrument used for cleansingcotton seed.
Obotuje
Olobotuje, s. the fignut plant.
(bo-tu-ejje)
of life,
Obu, adj.having no principle
insipid,
unsavoury,
Obo,

s.

nurse,

flat.

iyo,
"

to

Ode,
(/ Ode

s.

of small

kind

will do

Odi,

instead;"^.e.

(lit.the
malicious

Odi,

s.

dumb

^Odi,

who

one

person,

5.

Odino,

man

will

be

fort; a

town,
of

power

speech.

of any thing.
cluster of banana-fruit.

bunch, cluster,the whole

5. a

s.

passionateperson.

ODd,s. brook, river.

stream

Enniti

He

who

Odo,

"

dry

may

name.""
"

If

"

one

the

has lost the

one

for the deed,

odi, odi ani ino,

fortification round

Odidi-Ogedde,

1/

takethewill

must

one

for sacrifice,
a small

contrariety,
perverseness.

s.

Odidi,

largebat

sebo,

afi ode

adan

ri

mind) is not malicious, some

againsthim."

walled

Bi ako

"

Bi ino ko li

malice."

s.

bat.

obtain

Ifyoucannot

"

t/

"

out-of-doors,street.

s.
s.

Obu
ko
stale egg ; a kind of saltish rock.
Obu
is not to be compared to real salt."

enters

W9 odo li
river may

"The

gbe oruko,

ma

but the water-course

up,
o

gbe

nko

onno

retains its

aiya ko

fo odo,

fear,but the river itself

fears not."

Odo,

5.

district,party, a division.

Odo,

s.

mortar.

"

lya

odo

dija sille fun won

lassan, The pestleand

li

on

them

; it

was

re

odo

ommo

the

"

between

ommo

the

mortar

farmer

ko
ki

had
that

ni

ija,agbe

ina
no

iya

re

quarrel

caused

the

for
pounding) ;
quarrel (by supplying the yam
the child of the mortar) does not beat
the pestle(lit
for nothing." Bi iwo oku iwo a la odo
its mother
If you are about
to die, need
ya'na?
you split
up
the (wooden) mortar
for fire-wood (instead
of leaving
it for the use
?
of the survivors)
"

"

"

206

ODO

Ododo,

s.

scarlet.

Ododo,

s.

truth, fact,justice,
equality
righteousness.
; right,

Odoui, Odorodi, adv.

"Odu,
Odu,
Odu,

least.

boiler,caldron.

s.
s.

not in the

never,

companion of Ifa, the god

s.

of

name

is not

herb.

an

unknown

'Odua, Odudua,

to

s.

called

palm

ki ise aimo

the

Odudua.

nuts.

oloko,

Odu

"

farmer."

goddessfrom Ife, said

goddessin
also

Odu

"

of

world.

Heaven

to be the

and

preme
su-

earth

are

Odudua

igba nla meji ade isi,

Heaven
and earth are two largecalabashes,which
be opened ;" referring
to the
being shut can never
to touch
apparent concavitycf the sky,which seems
"

"

the earth

at the horizon.

Ofe, 5. parrot ; clever person.

Agbede

"

bi

ofe,amo

ire

ara

bi odide.

Adeb9 fun ofe,ofe ko ru aganran gbe ebo

o rubo, asinwa
asinb9ofe di ara Oyo aganran di ara
bi ofe ko gbon, "Sacrifice
oko; nwon
se
being pre-

*^

scribed

to the

parrot,he

refused

to offer it ; but

green parrot took the sacrifice and

all the parrot is a citizen of the
green

parrot

an

inhabitant

people)thought that
green

the

parrot is counted

sacrifice,while

the

of the

parrot
a

clean

the

offered it ; after
and
capital,

the

province: (and yet

was

not

bird

and

parrot is unclean,

wise."

The

offered
and

in

never

molested.

morning star ; the hour

cockcrowing,before the risingof the sun.
Ofi, s. the loom ; that which swings.
'Ofiji, s. that which is forgiven,
forgiveness.
commandment.
Ofin, s. law, prohibition,
Ofo, s. emptiness.
""Ofo, s. loss,calamity,
damage.
Ofofo, 5. busybody, talebearer, traitor. Ase ofofo
gba egba ni ibi ope li o mo ; ofofo li egbon ororo
Ofere, Ofe,

s.

Venus,

as

the

"

207

of

ko
li

OFO

talebearer

"A

aburo,

thanks

cowries);

2000

squirrel.Ennu
meji 6 ko W9n

s.

oforo ni

"

omm9

all his reward.

are

mouth

that

brought forth
the road-side

eti

wa

'

"

:'

sound

very

bi

mi

ye

squirrel's

carried

(the

them

very

are

word

had

she

for when

children

said, My

the

was

she

ones,

young

oforo

oni, Ommo

onna

betrayed her

two

and

sound,

very

ing
Talebear-

ipa oforo,

korokoro, korokoro, korokoro, "It

own

not
(Jit.

payment

no

brother, bitterness the younger."

is the elder

'Oforo,

receives

to

sound,
'

korokoro

resembles

Ofua,

the cry of the squirrel).

of a tree
kind of kola nut ; name

s.

used

cinally
medi-

for ablution.

1/

Ofurufu ko
emptiness ; the firmament.
ifiehin ti, One
lean upon emptiness."
cannot
^Ogbigbi, s. a speciesof owl.

Ofurufu,

5.

se

"

"

old age ; a
Ogbo ko li ogun,

Ogbo,
/

5.

There

"

with

of sword

kind

is

no

edges.
againstold

two

medicine

"

age."
Ogbo,

s.

its

small animal

of the

sharp teeth,which

Ogbodo,

cat

kind, remarkable

said to be able to cut iron.

are

See Elubo.
yams.
of a tree, whose
leaf is very
s. name
Olugbogbo, 5. club,mallet.

s.

Ogbogbo,
Ogbogbo,

for

new

useful
.

s. bold
(gbo-oju),
daringperson,
Ogbologbo
(gbo-ni-ogbo),
rt^'.
very old,of longstanding.
Bi ogboya ba
Ogbova, s. a beast about the size of a cat.

Ogboju

"

fi iru

na

ille li erimnetta

the

Ogboya

any

town,

Ogbugbu,

s.

ni illu,illu

strikes its tail thrice

that

wild

town

duck;

will be

kind

on

na

atii," When

the

in

ground

deserted," (a superstition).

of grass;

cotton

dyed

fore
be-

spinning.
Oge, s. coxcomb, fop.
Ogede, adv. only.
\y/Ogedegbe, Ogedemgbe, adv. headlong, precipitately.
"

208

^OGI
ida ni si lyewu
gbangba ni ida
headlong fall of a liar is not concealed,

iro ki

Ogedemgbe
si," The

ni

but is
"

Ogi, s.

1/Ogi,

s.

exposed

of Indian

starch

old

an

corn.

dog, mastiff; an

ogi o saro,
he
makes

"

When

his

has become

an

fireplace
; i. e.

has

man

own

bachelor.

old

-Apon

"

di

old bachelor
his

cook

to

food."

own

Ogidigbo, s.

\/

view."

to

kind

Ogidigbo pari ilu gboenniti o ye ni

li alii ogidigbo,
gbo. Bi owe bi owe
ijoo. Gbc5, Ajagbo, gbo, obba gbo, ki emi ki osi
gbo, The ogidigbo is the best of all drums ; the
derstands
ogidigbo has a meaning in its sound ; he who una

of drum.

"

"

the

sound

old, King Ajagbo, may

I also be

old,may
wall

Ogiri, s

dance

can

be

you

old.'

to

it

May

"

king be

the

old, may

be

you

"

(ofmud, stone, or brick).

simultaneous
Ogiri, s. gallop,

rush.

"

Esin

"

dogiri,

The

horse

galloped."
made
^Ogiri,5.
preparation

from

Yonmoti

seed

to

flavour

stews.

1/ Ogo,

s.

ko

glory,praise; wonder ; a
mo
ajagun,kufekufe ko mo
Boasting at home
ogo,

valiant

^'

amo

battle

is not

when

is

war

man.

Ileri ille

"

ari ogun
li
valour ; parade

ija,
ijo ti
is not

the valiant

seen

will be

known."

^Ogo,

placed at

c"f.one

of

Ogodo,

"Ogodo,
Ogodo,

debt

calf; colt

s.

of

name

s.

s.

name^of

the debtor's

house

ment
pay-

bailiff.
; the

young
disease.

of beasts in

district of Yoruba

compel

to

"r//".
(ogun-eji),
forty.
'Ogongo, s. ostrich. ^"Ogongobabba

general.

famous

for calabashes.

Ogoji

"

is the father of birds."

Ogudugbe,
209

s.

dropsy.
2

''

eiye,

The

ostrich

OGU

Ogufe,

wether.

s. a

Ogumo, s. an esculent herb.

Ogun, s. that which is obtained
^

by inheritance, bequest;

adj.twenty. See Iwaju.

Ogun, -v. the god supposed to preside over
of war,

and

Ogun,

6'.

Ogun,

s.

hunting.
medicine
; poison.
sweat, perspiration.

Ogun,

s.

i/ Ogun,

round

iron,implements

stick,bamboo.

Ija ni ipa onitijuogun ni

fatal
will prove
''(As)a street-quarrel
ipa alagbara,
ful
to a man
afraid of being thought a coward
(lit bashs.

army,

battle.

war,

man),

will

so

"

kill

war

man

for

renowned

valour."

Ogungun,

s.

name

Ogurodo,

s.

the

of

tree.

of

name

bird,whose

nest

the

natives

dread of touching.
superstitious
Ogurodo, s. standingposture.
have

^Oguro,
Oguso,
Oiio-o

s.

wine

from

made

pipe.
! interj.
a word

the sap of the bamboo.

s.

of exclamation.

OiiuN, s. voice, sound, note, cry.

lamentation, bitter weeping,loud cry.
thing,something. Afi ohun we ohun, afi oran

Ohunrere,
OiiuN,

s. a

"

fi oran

oran,

we

s.

thingsand
be

may

you

ji ki

"

niyino, Compare thingswath

with words, and then forgivethat
words
praised."
a

articles for
OnuN-'^lLO,s. utensils,

ever.
(ohun-ki-ohun),
j^^'on. whatsoever, what-

Ohunkoiiun

OiiuN

Onna,

Ohun-^Osin,s.
OiBo, Oyibo, 5.
the

s.

one

of trees.

Oje,

s.

sap

Oje,

s.

lead.

tools

(Jit.
working implements).

domestic

sea.

210

use.

who

creature, herd, cattle.

comes

from

the country

beyond

^Oji, adj.forty.

guiltof adultery.
of trees.
Ojia, 5. gum
Iggi iya ni ison ojia,
tree produces gums."
debtor.
s. a
(je-gbese),
Ojigbese, Ajigbese
of a house, gable.
"Ojigbon, s. corner
Ojiji, adv. suddenly, without
previous notice.
Oji,

fine

s.

for the

imposed

"

"

The

iya

Ojiji,s. On, shadow, shade.

Ojiji,
^Ojiya

fish,electrical eel,

electrical

an

s.

s.
(je-iya),

sufferer,an

innocent

an

oppressed

person.
s. a denier, reasoner,
(ja-iyan),

Ojiyan

/^*Ojo,3.

rain.

djo

"

si

ro

and

ditch

into

the

those

Ojo,

who

dicts.
contra-

Gegele li o bi gegele koto li o bi koto,

rises after bank,
koto gegele nroju, Bank
"

foUow'S

after ditch

ditch,the
are

banks

when

; a

the

envious

are

satisfied w'ith their

not

cowardice, fear

s.

who

one

rain

falls

;" said

positionin

of
life.

coward.

(je-ogun),s. heir.
^Ojojo, s. ague-fit.
adv. (from) house
Ojojulle
to house.
(oju-oju-ille),
Ojojumo
( mo), adv. daily,every day.
cheats at play.
who
Ojoro, s. one
Ojowu
Ojowu ko li eran
(je-owu),s. a jealousperson.
is always
A jealouswoman
li aiya iba jowu ko yo,
flesh upon
her breast)
has no
thin {lit.
; for however
feed upon
she
much
jealousy,she will never
may
have enough."
of title.
Ojove
( oye),5. a ruler, a man
Ojo, adj.daily; lastingfor the day, ephemeral.
Ojogun

"

'^

"

"

"

[/Oju,

s.

aperture (as the eye of a needle); appearance,

face, look, front ; edge of a knife or sword.

eye;

"

Ojiibabba
eye
to be
211

ara,

awon

is the father

bi

of the

purchased,so

oju,asoro
body ; as

it is hard

ida bi
the

eye

to act wellan

agba,
is too

"

The

dear

elder'spart."

OJU

Oju,

s.

scar.

sore,

Oju-aganju,

Oju-Aiye,

in

of the

front

called Aganju

god

the

where

place

s.

was

palace in Oyo
worshipped.

sky, firmament.

s.

Oju-Agbara,

s.

gutter; wide road leadingfromthe palace.

equal,companion.
Ojugon
s. fore part of the leg,shin.
Ojugon
(oju-igon),
the brook to resound
odo fohiin,"The
leg causes
mu
(when wading through it)."
ad'\ instantly,
Ojukanna
immediately.
(oju-okan-na),
Oju-ko-bire
s. bird called the cricket-catcher,
( ba-ire),
Ojukokoro babba okanjua,
Oju-kokoro, s. covetousness.

Ojugba,

s.

"

"

i/

"

"

Ojulafeni
.

*'

"

(
"

"

the

that the

day

day

dawns

of death

you
is so

{lit.
big
satisfied).

Oju-nla,

s.

never

Oju-Oui,

s.

0ju-0w6,

envy,

principalon

s.

Oju-Orun,

s.

s.

je ki

way,

an

eye

which

is

ki

oku

interest is

paid.

gate, road.
o

be

onna

the

sky,so

Oju-9run ko huko, illepa

"

"

wo,

dead

As

cannot

the grass

look

out

cannot

of the

into the road."

grave

ipo),s.

(
"

sits to take

Oju-pon,

v.

Ojuran

i.e.

which

sky,firmament.

in the

grow

the nearer?"

much

eye

mo

grave.

Oju-^Onna,

Ojupo

nyo ojoiku ndi?

: do
rejoice
you not know

dawn, daylight. Ojumo

s.

When

ko

s. time-server.
ni-fe-enni),
s. acquaintance.
ni-"imo),

Ojulumo

// Ojumo,

[^

is the father of unsatisfied desire."

Covetousness

"

n.

placein

the

palace where

the

king

the air.
to suffer

trouble, get into difficulties.

iran),s. dream,

vision.

s. respect,honour, regard.
(oju-isa-oju),
Oju-sika, s. keyhole.
which water
Ojuson
springs,
s. aperture from
( ison),

Ojusaju

"

spring,fountain.
Ojuwa
( iwa),s-. sharer,divider.
"

212

OKI
an
OkFpa-aja, .S-.mastiff,

Okiribiti,

be

where

seen

^Okiti-Alapini,

hill made

s.

the

s.

corn

or

yam

Okitipo, s. the

ant.

of

name

as

may

placein Oyo the capital.

vessel used in strainingpotash.
for plantabeds ; hillock
tion.
of

name

'OKiTi-AROyV.false-bottomed
Okiti-Ebe,

the white

divide.

roads

s.

by

headlong fall ; hillock,such

summerset,

s.

dog.

circle,encompassed space.

s.

^Okiti, Okiti-ogan,
'Okiti,

old

leaf is dried

tree, whose

and

pulverizedfor palaversauce.
Okiyan, s. an animal which lodgesunder rocks.
; province; dependent districts,
Oko, s. farm, plantation
towns.

or

Oko,

s.

'Oko,

the

glans;

three young
afternoon's

breeding
Oko-Alle,

s.

be thrown

to

stone

s.

foreskin

of

lock

at

ones

Oko-Euu,

s.

bondage,slavery.

eunuch.

Okobo,

s.

lie,falsehood

Oko, Oruko,

Okoto,

s.

s.

Okuku,
the

gun

birth.

or

; liar.

land

snail,a small
s.

sea

shell.

shell.

Okuku,

s.

which

name

same

he goes

on

name

the

weaver

draws

to

himself

weaving).
of tree

valuable

for

healingsores.

ability,
strength,
power.
Okun, s. cord,rope, string.
fibres
Okun-erewe, s. running plant,whose
for making cord.
of a running plant.
Okun-ole, -v. name
Okun,

disease;

savourless.
adj.useless, insipid,
corpse, carcase,
s. the woof
(foldedup and laid upon a stand of

s.

as

of

name.

Okoto-Okun,

Oku,

name

musket.

lock

s.

gun.

work.

s.

Okobo,

cast;

or

Oko-Ibon,

of

s.

Okun-Tinrin,
214

-s.

twine.

are

\ibed

^OKU

'Okun, 'Okunkun,
Okun,

darkness.

s.

sea, salt water.

s.

road
s. old path ; forsaken
(oku-onna),
Okunfa
attraction;that which encourages.
an
(okiin-ifa),5.
Okunjanu
s. the reins.
( ija-ennu),
Okunko, s. hemp or flax plant(?).
Okuna

"

^Okunron,

illness.

s.

s. any
thingrotten.
(okii-ira),
Oku-ruro, s. an austere, hard, ill-tempered
person.
from guinea corn.
Okusa, s. liquorbrewed
and
exhausted
Okiisalle
s.
unproductive
(ku-sa-ille),

Okura

land.

Oku-su,

refuse from

s.

Okuta,

dying vats ; name

(ingeneral).
s.
quartz, granite; any
loose stones.
s. gravel,

stone

s.

Okuta-Ako,
Okuta-wewe,

s.
(ku-iye),

Okuye

Ola,

s.

Ola,

5.

Ole,

s.

moth

the

robber
thief,

Olo-fere,

"

married

5.

Olobinri-meji,

s.

Olododo,

s.

cautions

who

mi,

so

hint

"

another,
has

been

an

formant.
in-

given

me."

righteousperson.
true, just,
Olodumaye,

Olodumare,

busy body.

bigamist.

thrown) to
{lit.

of salvation.

cause

person.

Olobo

"

dunce.

bird.

s. one
(enni-obo),

Olobo

stone.

house.

5. traitor
ofofo),

Olofofo, (
'Olobirt,

of

s. name

animal.

robbery,theft.

roof of

5.

the
salvation,

saves,

an

hard

of dull memory,
person
frets garments.
which

that which

Ole, Orule,

of

s.

God,

the

Almighty,

Self-

existingBeing.
J^"

Ologbo,
who

5. a

title of

also acts

ancient

215

s.

traditions.
"

cat.

king'sprivatecounsellors,

part of chronicler

the

is the father of the

Ologini,

of the

one

Ologbo

babba

chroniclers."

or

narrator

of

arokin, "Ologbo

OLO

/ OlogTri,

speciesof palm bird (also called 'Enu).

A multitude
of warriors
Owo
eliin ti li ogiin,
ologiri
behind
their leader is like a flock of palm birds."
Ologo
s. dun.
(enni-ogo),
a

s.

"

"

Ologo,

5. an

honourable

Ologose, Ologonse,
Onisegun

Ologun,
Ologuxsese,

name

s.

man,

s.

Oloiiun

s.

kind

s. doctor, physician.
(ni-ogun),
of a tree dedicated
to the god

of small

ohun), s.

"

in honour.

sparrow.

hunting.
Ologuro
s. dealer
(ni-oguro),
Olo-guru,

had

one

of

in bamboo-wine.

bird

generallyfound

in flocks.

of influence.

man

See Awon.
s. stranger.
Olojo, Alejo, (enni-ajo),
Oloju
of a thing.
s. oneself; the owner
(enni-oju)^
5. one-eyed
(ni-oju-kan),
person.

Olojukan

Oloju-kokoro,

s.

miser.

Olo-kiti-Ar6,

s.

false-bottomed

vessel

in which

potash

is strained.
Olokun

s. rope-maker.
(ni-okun),
( okunron), s. a patient;

Olokunron

"

from

illness.

s.
( ila),

Olola

suffering

one

"

Olopir"!,s.

who

one

kind

makes

of small

his
tattooing

trade.

bird.

ore),s. benefactor.
Olori
s. oflicer,
headman, chief.
(enni-ori),
Olori-Ille-Iwe, Olori-Ille-Kewu, s. schoolmaster.

Olore

(
"

Olori-Ogun,
()lori-Okk6,
Olori-Eso

captainof a ship.
s. captainof a guard.
( ori),
Oloriko
( ori),
fern.s. head of
s.

"

on), s.

"

wife

of

great person

by any man).
s. owner
(ni-ori-ison),

Olorison
Oloro

war-officer.

"

Olori-Egbe,
OlorI

s.

oro),s.

"

Olorisa

Oloruko(
216

venomous

of

(not

fountain

or

company.
to be approached

spring.

animal.

s. idolater,worshipper of
(ni-orisa),
"

who
oruko),.5.afamous
person (//^.he

idols.
has

name).

OLO

faithful person.
s. a
true,just,
(ni-otito),
Olowo
5, a rich person.
(ni-owo),
of honour
title.
Oloye
or
s. person
(enni-oye),
Oloye, Amoye
(m9-oye),5. a wise prudent person ; a
of forethought.
man
Oloyo, s. the yellowmonkey (alsocalled Tolo, Awere,
Gbege^ and Alegba) : there are
superstitions
many
concerningthis monkey.
Olo, s. powder ; that on which any thing is pounded or
ground ; one who grinds; a moth.
Olu, s. carpenter or smith's hammer, mallet,any thing
used for hammering.
Olu, s. the chief of any thing; queen of the white ants ;
Oloto

mushroom.
s.
(enni-ibukon),

Olubukon

who

one

adds

to ;

who

one

blesses.

OlubojuW'O, Olubojuto

( bo),s.
employed to

Olubo

"

solid

"

s. inspector.
be-oju-wo),

maintainor

beat

mud

supporter

floor into

feeder ;

compact

one

and

mass.
s.
ibu-si),

Olubu-si

"

one

blesses

who

or

s.
redeemer,
(enni-ida-ni-ide),

Oludande

Olufison, Oluson

s. accuser,
( fi-son),
"

adds
one

one

to.

who

who

soms.
ran-

raises

complaint.
Olufe
( ife)s. one beloved ; one who loves,lover.
who
Olufokkansin
scientiously,
s. one
worships con( fi-okkan-sin),
a

"

"

devout

Olufuni

w^orshipper.
s. giver,
bestower,benefactor.
fu-enni),

(
"

who saves.
s. saviour, one
(enni-igba-la),
Olugbani
( enni),s. he who delivers,liberator.
Olu-gbo-ngbo, s. round
tives
piece of wood used by the natheir clothes after washing,by beating
to smoothe
with it upon a large wooden
block.
them
Olu-gboro,
s. small
piece of stick by which a blow is
given.
Olugbala

"

217

OLU
.9. a
(enni-igbo),

Olugik)

Ani-Ku,

Olu-kolo,

believer.
evil

s. an

believed
spirit,

See Ariku.
wandering about.
Olukojoyele
s. a
( ko-je-oye-le),
"

to be

title of the

always
king

of

Ife.
s. teacher,instructor.
(enni-iko-enni),
Oluku-luku,
adj.every, each. adv. individually.
Olumoran
s. an
(enni-imo-nran),
understandingperson.
Olupani
slaughter.
man( ipa-enni),s. murderer
Olupa,
;

Olukoni

"

pa-mo),s. preserver.
author.
OnTpiLLESE
s. beginner,
( pa-ille-mo),
s. sharer,divider.
Olupin, Ojuwa
(ipin-iwa),
Oluponju
s. poor
(enni-ipon-oju),
person, pauper.
(

Olupamo

"

"

Oluranse,

s.

Olu-ra-pada,

one

s.

who

sends

redeemer,

another.
one

who

ransoms.

5. comforter.
(enni-ire),
Olureron
s. shearer, hair
( re-iron),

Olure

"

Olurora

(
"

ro-ara), one

who

eases,

cutter.
one

who

gives

bodilycomfort.
servant.
Olu-sin, s. worshipper,
Oluse
s. doer, actor.
(enni-ise),
Olusoro
who
s. speaker; talker ; one
(so-oro),
prates.
relative.
Olutan, Olottan
s. a
(enni-itan),
Oluto
a
( 19),s. instructor,
master, mistress,governor,
"

raiser up.
Olutuno
(
"

Olusette

s.
tu-ino),

he

who

calms

the

victor.
s. conqueror,
( se-otte),
Omso
( so),s. watcher, guard,sentinel.
Oluso-Agutan, s. shepherd.
Olusogba
s. a
(so-ogba),
gardener, the

mind

forter.
; com-

"

"

watcher

garden.
Oluwa

5.
(ni-awa),

Oluware,
Oluwoju
218

5.

(
"

lord,owner.

individual,a certain person.

wo-oju),s. a respecter of persons.

an

of

OMI

I/'Omi,

water.

s.

is

water

Bi abii omi

"

siori

upon
to the feet."

down

Omidan,

fowl

young

s.

U^MiRAN,

s.

giant,a

Iwo

ko lu

not

first strike

strike him

water,

unusuallystout

person
li

omiran

the

oru

nlu

giant in

day ?

in the

When

"

woman.

young

Omije, OiMioju,s. tear.

Omi-kikan, Omikan, s. foul

nwaesseibo

head, it will fhid its way

the

poured

li

the

and
?

tall.
"

Do

you

night,before

you

ossan

"

"

Omiran, Omi, adj.another, other.

OxMiRiN, s. the

act

of

swallowing any thing with

facility,

throat.

Omi-toro,

s.

soup,

broth.

Omnira

freeman,
s.
(oni-ni-ara)
bondage.

On,
"

Onde

ni

ore

"

imu

Competitionand reward induce

in
one
s. prisoner,
(enni-ide),

in leather and

Ongbe,

6'.

worn

from

See O.

pron, he, she,it.

conj.and.
Ije on

'pers,

//On,

delivered

one

about

the

ise

ommo

ise,

child to work."

bond

charm

sown

person.

thirst.

adj.bloodthirsty.
igo),s. stupidperson, dunce,

Ongbe-Eije,
Ongo

(
"

Oni, adv. to-day. Oni

"

ki

gbin ahusa,

emi
"

{lit.to-day I

to-morrow

n' nlo

nlo, oUa

Intended
am

blockhead.

removal

going,)gives the stranger no

to plant the ahusa, (although it
rapidly)."
Oni-bode,

s.

Onidajo

despiser; one

creator, maker,

219

encouragement
bears

fruit very

"

who

blesses.

originator.

who
s. judge,one
( da-ejo),
s. justifier.
( ni-are),
"

Onidalare

or

collector of custom.

s.

s.

to-day

shoemaker.

Oni-busi, s, contemner,
Oni-da,

ijeki ajeji

going, to-morrow

am

Oni-batta,

ki

settles

disputes.

ONI

Onidamoran

mo-oran),

"

Onidande, Oludande
from

s.

counsellor,adviser.

s.
ni-ide),
redeemer,

(
"

deliverer

bondage.
( dan-wo),s. tempter, trier.
vvhose parents
s. child, one
(ni-idi-okan),

Onidanwo

"

Onidikan

is

the other free.

slave,and

( idodo),s. a person having a largenavel.

whom
Onifarauo
s.
on
( fi-ara-ro),
supporter ; one
another leans or depends.
Onifarawe
lator.
( we), s. one who imitates another; emuOnidodo

"

"

"

Oni-fefe,

vain

s.

Oni-fo, Alagba-fo,

Onigan,

of Orisa.

s.
( gba-enni),

Olugbani

Onigrani,

washer.

s.

catechumen

s.

boastful person.

and

Oni-gbajamo,

"

saviour.

barber.

s. a

Onigbagbe-enni-igbagbe,

s. a

person

of bad

memory,

getful
for-

person.

Oni-gbagbo,
Oni-gbese,

who

s. one

listens ;

s. one

afflicted with

( gba-owo) s.
"

Oni-gegge,

believer.

obeys;

creditor.

s.

Oni-gbodogi,
Onigbowo

who

one

s.

person

prosperous
afflicted with a

s. a poor
Oniiialle, (oni-iha-ille),

scorbutic disorder.
person

surety.

swellingin
person,

the neck.

one

in poor

circumstances.

Onilaja, Ilaja
Onilera

s. peace-maker,mediator.
la-ija),
s. a strong,healthyperson.
le-ara),

(
"

"

wanderer, rover.

Onikiri,

s.

OnIni,

possessor.

s.

Onino-didon,
natured

s.

person

of amiable

a
disposition,
good-

man.

Oninonibini

s. persecutor.
ino-enni-bi-enni),

Onino-rere,

s.

kind, benevolent,graciousperson.

Oni-oloni
Onipa

"

adv. this very day.

oni-oni),
s. one
(ni-ipa),
having a share in any thing.

(
"

Oni-para-mo,
220

s.

humble

person.

ONK

Onka,

Olonka,

On

6'.

LA,

counter, accountant.

s. a

that which

saves.

herself,itself.
Onna, rejiec.
2)ron.\umse\i,
On

fearful

s.

NO,

of

fear
expectation,

thinoj. Onno

nko

"

Oniiouo

mi,

s.
(oni-iroro),

"

regards the

as
am

afraid."

hard,

austere,

an

result

morose

person.

^Ope, s. puzzle; simple and

li ope,

Opepe,

s.

"

ignorantperson.

"

pa 'o

Mo

puzzleyou."

young
person.
bird noted for

sleepiness.O le isun bi opere,

You
sleep like the oper^."
de opin, The
Opin, s. termination, point. ^"Oran na
is come
matter
to
a
point (lit to the highest

Opere,

s.

"

"

"

"

pomt).
s. termination
(opin-ille),

Opinle

earth, land, or

of the

territory.

place where the king makes his appearance

in the palace,bank of earth for sleeping
on.
Opo, s. post, pillar
; widow.
Opo-okko, s. mast of a ship.
^Opopo, s. kind of banyan.
Opopo, s. wide road leadingimmediatelyinto a town.
Opo,

s.

the

^Oporo, adj.common.
I

Ora,

buyer,purchaser. Ko mo ore ko mo dra, ti igiin

esin apatta,
Regardlessof kindness, regardlessof
s.

"

"

the

purchaser,(theungratefulman) rides
(which has been lent him) over the rocks."
Ora,

s.

bitter tree much

Ore,

s.

kindness,favour, benevolence.

Orere,

/
I

Ore,

s.

Ore,

s.

s.

act

same

of

used

in

curingsickness.

Opopo.
as
signification
watching from a tower

porcupine.
"

Ki

ire

ore

the horse

ki

or

loft.
re

sinsin

idi

re,

Though the porcupinemay be weary, yet the (quills

of its)
tail will not be weary." There
is a tion
superstithat the porcupinealways shakes its quillsbe-

"

222

ORI
fore

order

in
feeding,
with

meet

divine what

it will

success

in its excursion.

Ori,

s.

kind

of wild

Ori,

s.

kind

of black

Ori, Oyi,

to

pigeon.
plum.

giddiness. Ori

nkon

mi

loju,"I am giddy;
(lit.
my
eyes are filled with giddiness)."
talent ; highestpointof any thing,
Ori, 5. head, faculty,
s.

"

termination.

hijSi, Ya, v. n.
folloived
pleased.

Ori

Wu,

V.

n.

to

beloved

Ori,

shea

s.

s.

lively,be

feel sensation

action done

or

feel

unexpected good

some

Ori-Ekun,

to

by

an

of

joy at

words

said

inferior person

to yearn.

of the knee.

the cap

butter.

butter,milk butter.
of any thing.
s. the joint
(ori-ike),

Ori-Amo,
Orike

Orike-ikka,

s.

s.

knuckle.

tribe.
Ori-^Eya, 5, division,

Ori-Oya,

largehedgehog.
Orille, Ole, s. familyname.
Orille-ede, 5. people of a different language; nation.
Orin, s. pieces of stick or root used by the natives for
cleaningtheir teeth by chewing and rubbing them
with

Orin,

s.

s.

it.

singing;

song

tune.

Orin-mi-mo, s. holy song, psalm, hymn.

Oriso

tied
creatures
s. place where
are
(ori-iso),
the night; stable,stall.
Orison, s. spring,fountain.
Orisa, 5. deity,objectof worship; gods,idols.

Orisala,

s.

Orise-Alufa

the

up

for

great goddess Obbatalla.

work
of a priest,
s.
(ori-ise),
priesthood.
'Oro, s. stalk of guinea-corn,used for stirringbeer ;
honey. See Agbon.
223

ORO

Oro,
Oro,

of

hardness, name
dilTiculty,
provocation,

s.

fashion,habit

custom,

s.

Aja yi

"

fierceness,
sauciness,provocation.

gidigidi, This
"

roro

tree.

dog

is very

fierce."

Oro,

poison,torture, torment.

s.

'Oro, s. an erect posture.

Orobo, s. good hick.
Orofo,
Orogbo,

of wild

kind

5.

the bitter kola nut.

s.

lime, lemon.

Oromro,

s.

Oronto,

Elewuwu,

largestripedlizard.
of small bird ; pimples on
a kind
gall.
busybody ; bitterness,

Orore,

s.

Ororo,

s.

Ororo,

s.

5.

morning, forenoon.

s.

heat, steam,

s.

the face.

oil.

Oro, Owuro,
Oru,

pigeon.

vapour.

sultry)."
Oru, s. pitcher.
Oru, s. night,darkness.
" The
night is dark

Oru

"

Oru

"

iwg

ru

will

you

is hot

"It

mu,

ki

yio le

not

be

ilo si

able

{or

ille,

to

go

home."

Oru,

Orun,

Oruganjo,
Oruka,

s.

Oruko,

s.

s.

of

name

s.

possessinga healingproperty.

tree

midnight.

ring.
discriminative

name,

of
appellation

any

thing;

he

goat.
Oruko-Ivoruko,
Orukun,
Orun,

Erekun,

s.

"The

s.

Orupa,
224

s.

"

sun

"

s.

Orun

sound

of

"

"The

mu,

mi, *^

sleep.

scent, smell, stench.

name

rises.

sun

sun

Orun

tree.

am

ran,

is hot."

sets."
nkon

Orun

sleep.

Orun-Ijeka,
Orun,

The

"

s.

la, "The

shines."

wo,

(notsurname).

name

knee.

s.

Orim

"

sun

Orun

Orun,

sun.

proper

5.

drowsy."

"

ORU

Oruwo,

of which

tree, tlie timber

brimstone

s.

is mucli

for boards.

used

of a tree.
Oruwon, s. name
OsE, OsE, s. hippopotamus.

OsE,

paint.
OsiN, adj.the left. s.
s.

post of honour.

^OsiN-IwEFFA,s. a eunuch of the third degree.

^Osin-Iyama,s. the south with the face to the west.
^Osin-Iyalode,s. a title next to Otton-Iyalode.
of

OsE,

s.

name

OsE,

s.

club

OsE,

s.

tree.

of Sango.

by smacking the lipsexpressiveof

made

sound

See Abamo.

grief.

OsESE, s. meat of
'Osi, s. misery.

superiorquality.

miserable

s. poor,
OsTsE, Otosi (se-ise),
OsipT,s. tree, in the leaf of

wrapped
Oso,

s.

new

Osu,

s.

s.

OsuMARE,

up.

s.

sour,

morose
passionate,

moon,

s.

man.

month.
around.

of hair shaved

lock

the rainbow.

the

Oy9

mo

which

witch,sorcerer.

OsoNo,
Osu, s.

1/ OsuPA,

person.
snuff is frequently

moon

obba

in advanced

gbe

age.

ille mp

"

Osupa gbe

oko, "As

ara

the

oke

moon

the
stationaryabove, and yet shines over
the
knows
so
whole
Oyo, the capital),
capital{lit.
king remains at home and knows (what) his subjects
remains

(aredoing)in

the

province."

Osusu,

s.

cluster,grove.

Osusu,

s.

kind

See Asorin.

pricklybush.
weight.
measure,
of

OsuwoN, s.
Ota, 5. seller.
Otito,

s.

truth,faithfulness.

fellow who
Otonpanyan, s. mean
"Otolo, s. a speciesof deer.
225

causes

much

trouble.

^OTO

sebi otosi ko
Nwon
person.
ni o gbon iba ilowo ? "Men

gbon

\)()oy,miserable
bi oloro,nwon

think

that the ])()or is not

1/'Otosi,

.v.

"

as

wise

for if
ricli,

the

as

wise,why is he poor ?"

fact. adj.
6to,Otito, .v. trutli,
true, faithful,
just.
reality,
lie

were

Otumo,

breaker.

s. covenant
(tu-imp),

Otudimo

disease.
illness,
cold
It is cold,(lit.
v.
Otutu-mu, defect,

Otutu, Otu,

cold ;

s.

is sharp)."

"

Owe,

5.

parable,riddle.
li afi iwa

owe

owe

a,

li esin

Owe

"

on

nro

"

irin,

ni

oro

is lost),
a proverbrevives
flags(lit

""Owe, s. young

berries of which

boil.

Ow6,

money,

"

Owo-NLA,
OwosE

of

name

red and

are

oneself.

recover
a

shrub,the
trailing

black.

owl.

6wo, s.
,s.

proverbsand

it :

plantErewe.
runningtrefoil.

OwEREjEJE, IwEREJEjE,s.

iwi,s.

proverb

leaf of the

^OwE-AwoN, s. a kind of
efTort to
^Ow^ERE,
s. struggle,

Ow

s.

Owo

mi,

so

"

by

attacked

am

boils."

cowTy.

largepieceof

money,

dollar.

s. work-money,
(owo-ise),
wages.

Own,

5.

wick.
cotton, tliread,

Own,

s.

jealousy.

Owu-Akese,
small

s.

kind of very fine white cotton

bearing

pods.

Owu-'Ogodo,
OwuYANWuRE,

s.

kind of cotton

bearinglargepods.
white cotton used chiefly

kind of very
by the Fulahs,with red flowers and
s. a

OvvuRo, AwuRo, Oro,

small seeds.

morning. See Kutukutu.

Owusuwusu, s. mist, fog, cloud,gloominess.Owiisuwusu
mu
ojuorun bajegudegude ko je ki oriin ki o
The fog spoilsthe face of the sky ; gloomiran,
ness
prevents the sun from shining."
5.

"

no

other."

follow each

conversation

ba

oro

the conversation

; when

is tliehorse of conversation

bi

"

^OvA, 5.

that which

divides

or

separates;

226

."t-

comb.

OYE

OvE, OvE,
look

s.

understanding
; comprehension,inspection,
providence. Oye

out,

ko

"

"

mi,

ye

I did

not

understand."

OvE,

title of honour.

5.

Oyibo, Oyinbo,

contracted

appliedmostly

waters,

of the natives who

Oibo,
to white

the

people beyond

s.

and

men,

also to any

have

adopted their customs.

They
thus distinguishedOyibo-funfun,
are
man
a white
;
who has adopted European
OviBo-DUDU, a black man
"

customs,

or

OviN,

yet been
bee ;

s.

from

came

derivation
proper
ascertained.

Oyun,

^O,

salt

s.

s.

man's

of this word

has

in

country pots.

(?).

pregnancy.

'O,

or

white

honey.

Oyin-Alugbe, s. bees domesticated

Oyo, s. speciesof small owl.
Oyu,

the

The

country.
not

who

one

pers. pron.

2d

pers.

sing,(contractionof I wo),

thou, thee.
O, pers. pron. 'Mpers. sing,he, she, it ; him, her, it.
short voivels for O),
v. {usedby attraction before
O, defect,
Emi
olo, for Emi old.
shall,will, must.
"

Obaiyeje,

s,

busybody,talebearer.

See Abaiyeje.

s. Lord,
Obangiji,Obangissi, {HausscL)^

Obba,

s.

king,monarch.

Obbakan,

s.

relative

Obea-kan-bi-keji,

Obba-kuso,
Kuso,

s.

the

s.

on

the father's side.

the first cousin

god of thunder
spot where

and

Sango

on

the

the father's side.

the kingof
{lit.
lightning
is said to have descended

ground, and whence

Sango
took its origin).
Obballe
s. prostration,
a mark
(ba ille),
superiorsby males.
Obba-Ogo, s. King of glory,God.
alive into

227

master.

the

of

worship of

respectpaid to

OBB

Obbatalla,

great goddess of Yoruba, supposed to

the

s.

body in the womb.

Obanije
5. busybody.
(ba-enia-je),
Obaua, s. cord, pack-thread.
Obbe, s. sauce, palaversauce.
i^^Obbe,s. knife, penknife,clasp knife. Ta li oje fi obbe
'yio no je isu, No one confesses that he has eaten
be the fruiiier of the Imman

"

"

with

yam

knife that is lost."

dagger,knife with
aclj.
(obbe-odo),
green (socalled

Obbe-Olojumeji,
Obbedo

s.

the green

p/^ Obbo,

monkey,
monkey

5.

The

"

matter

ape.
is sure

bi obbo

to tear

edges.

because

it

sembles
re-

stagnant water).

over

'Enia

"

tw^o

li

obb9 iya li aso,

the cloth of any

who

one

is like himself."

Obbo, s. a kind of white country cloth.

obon ni ifi owo
ti o wu
Ohun
),/'Qbon, .9. a filthy
person.
re
ira,ohun ti o wu
afinjuni ifi ow^o re ise, The
"

"

man
filthy

him

; so

lays out
also does

his

the gay

in whatever

money
man

with his

pleases

money."

umbrella, parasol; beetle,humming insect.

Oboro, adj.plain,
having no mark or engraving.
; a castrated
Oda, s. dearth, drought,need,necessity
goat
or
dog ; old wine, stronglyfermented.
''Oda,s. tar,wax.
Odaju
adj.shameless.
(da-oju),
Odan, Odanko, s. a kind of banyan commonly planted
Obonbon,

in the

^Odan,
Odan,

s.
s.

s.

street

to afford

shade.

plain,grassfield.
vain

empty

talker,empty

word,

inconsistent

narration.
adv. about,near
(luith
i^rep. Si,Ni, or L'),
"Emi
nl9si 9ddo babba,"I am going to
of cloth in the sleyor
Odi-apassa,s. remnant
Oddo

"

Ode,

s.

hunter

'Odedde,

Odo,

"v.

s.

young

228

; to ;
our

with.

father."

batten.

also the wasp.

piazza,verandah. See Awon.
;

of animals

sheep,goats,dogs).
(especially

OGA

Oganjo,

of the

darkness, middle

s.

Oganjo-Meje,

darkness);

severe
(lit.

darkness

thick

s.

night.

depth of the night.

in a rightline.
Oganran, adv. straightforward,
Ogba, s. fence, garden ; pawn, the state of beingin pawn.
rank ; snare
;
'Ogba, s. companion,equal,one of the same
I
balance.
Awa
ise egbe tabbi ogba 1 "Am
equality,
your equal or companion ?"
middle

or

"

Ogbangan,
Ogbagba,

driven

pin

s.

mallet.

or

hand-bell,so called from

s.

is driven

into

ground

the

Ogbagba wolle
into the ground ;

"

the sound.
with

ati yo,

kun

hammer

The

"

is,how

questionnow

the

pin

pullit out."

to

Ogbe,

wound,

s.

Ogbe-Ino,
Og]j6,s.

cut.

See Osan.

bleedingfrom the bowels.

trailing
plantwhose fibres are
s.

used

for

making

cords.

Ogbon,

s.

ditch, corner,

end, steep, valley.

extreme

"

Agarawu yi si ogbon ko ku, Though an Agarawu

(a tribe of the Popo nation)may fall into a ditch, yet
"

he

will not

die."

Ogbon, adj.thirty.
Ogbon, s. sense, art, cunning.
ti ino okun
'Ogbon-Oyibo, .9. gauze.
^"Ogbon-oyibo

la

"

ki li o bori akese,

aso

wa,

all the

compared
'Ogboxgbon,

Ogbogba,

the tender

cotton

leaves of

came

gauze

cloth

what

yet

sea,

cloth of akese

to

s.

.9.

the

over

way

Thou";h the

"

be

may

?"

Egungun

boiled.

balance, equality.
craft,double
(ogbon-kiogbon),s. subtilty,

Ogbonkogbon

dealing.
''Ogedde, s. the banana.

gbe
its

forth

'

the

banana

by

so

sinsin ;

the water

moisture, so the fish in the

water

eja

side
retains

beauty."

Ogegge,
^

dara, "As

ino omi

sends

'Ogedde sbe odo

"

'

230

s.

the

cassada.

"

Ogegge

ko li ewasa

li o fi ara

OGE

isu, " The

we

(poisonous)cassada

in vain does

it appear

has

like the

"^Ogero, adj.easy gentle,soft. Ise

ise agbara, "A
ko je mu
lazy
"

s.

short

believed

to

knotted

stick

be

by

used

called

Agongo oggo,
^Oggo-Ivo, s. a package
^

OgoddO,

s.

pitfull

of

"

or

the

The

man

li ole

9gero

club

lities
qua-

ise

iwa

for

seeks

man

choose
employment: he would never
^Ogevi, s. cold, damp, gloomy weather.

Oggo,

good
yam."
no

easy

an

one."

laborious

for self-defence

is therefore

devil,who

of the knotted

club."

of salt.

dirtywater,

OG9FFA, adj.one hundred and twenty.

Ogorin
adj.eighty.
(ogun-erin),
Ogorun,

Orun

(
"

orun),adj.one

hundred.

Ogorun-Odun, s, one hundred years, a century.

Ogotta
( etta),
adj.sixty,the sixtieth.
^Ohan, adv. yes.
^Ohe, adv. stupid,dull,ignorant person.
j3hun, ado. yonder, beyond.
Bi
1/0ja, s. market, trade; goods,merchandise
"

"

'ni si oja,
ojaki iran 'ni si ille, If you send
to the market, the market
will send no one
to

ran

Oja,

iwo

ko

"

s.

no

one

you."

sash.
band, girdle,

Oja-gari, s. girth.
of pine-apple
used for healingsores.
Oja-Ikoko, s. species
Oja-Ovibo, s. European goods,goods from beyond sea.
"

Oyibo

oja ta oruko, 'Egan ta aso ta edidi,

European trader sells his goods (to the Popo)

"

ta

the label

^Egun)

(Jit.
name)

attached

sells them

to them

; the

The

with

Popo (or

againjust as he received them

with the stringround
(lit.
them) :" i. e. neither of
them
seeks to make
gainby petty retail.
Ojehun, s. eater, glutton. Ipin ojehun ki ijeina ki o
The
ku,
good geniusof every man
(lit.
eater)does
not
permit fire (with which food is cooked) to depart
from the earth :" a superstition.
"

"

231

OJE

OjERE,

s.

leaf is used

plant,whose

in

preparinga

rage
beve-

for children.

Ojo,

s.

day, date

sun,

weather.

evening,afternoon.
Ojo, s. place,settlement,lodging. O so mi li ojo, He
appointedme a settlement,or lodged me."
Ojo-Ibi, s. birth-day.
Ojo-Ijo, s. day of assembly,day in which some
grand
festival takes place,memorable
day.
Ojo-'Iwa, s. the day of creation,the beginning of
tide aiye ni iwa ti se,
From
Li ojoalaiye
creation.
of the world appeared in the
the time that the owner
world, the world began."
Ojo-Isi,s. notable day, on which any great event took
place.
market
Ojo-Jakuta, 5. the day on which the Jakuta
was
formerlyheld.
Ojo-Ejo, s. com't day.
Ojo JO, adv. day by day, daily.
Ojo-jojo, 5. many days ; ancient time ; a longperiod

Ojo-Alle,

s.

"

"

"

"

of time

past

or

future.

Ojo-lailai,s. ancient time, old time.

from
Oka, s. Guinea corn ; food made

the

flour of prepared

yams.
Ok

AN,

adj.one, single.

Okandilogun
/^

(okan-di-ni-ogun),
adj.nineteen.
Okanjua
5. avaricious
( oju-wa),
person ; avarice,coveCotousness, insatiableness.
Okanjua babba aron,
is the father of disease."
vetousness
Iggiokanjuaso
eso
pipo,kaka ki ama ka a, o yo ake ti i ike lulle, A
bore abundantly,
tree belongingto an avaricious man
but instead of gatheringthe fruit (by littleat a time),
he took an axe
and cut it down
(that he might get
"

"

"

"

"

all at

once.)"
Oka'nkan, adv. straightforward,
openly.
"

\koko
ibi,
232

li

ase

Okankan

imolle, bi atoiu imolle

li

ase

tan, ki atoju

OKA
ibi

must
pellu,bi aba ku ara enni ni isin 'ni,"A man
openly practisethe duties of relationship,
though he
privately
belong to a secret club : when he has
may

attended

to

the

club, he

secret

attend

must

to the

duties of

he dies,it
also, because when
relationship
is his relatives who
must
bury him."
in front.
Okankan, j9re/).against,
opposite,
Okanla
(okan-le-ewa),
adj.eleven.
Okanla-Odun, s. the eleventh month, November.
Okan-soso, adv. singly, adj.alone, undivided.
^Okka, s. a child's disease ; name
of a plant used to cure
the

disease.

same

Okka-Iku,

s.

okka

npe

last

life and death.

O
strugglebetween
iku, He is strugglingbetween life and
"

"

death."

Okkan,
Okkan,

of

running plantused medicinally.

s. soul,spirit,
conscience,heart.
Okkan-tutu, s. calm soul,meekness.

Okkin,

s. name

of

s. name

valued.

bird, whose

white

Okkin

"

9kkin

is

9bba eiye,okkin
king of birds, and

beautiful white

feathers
elewa
the

owner

are

much

alia, " The

of

the

feathers."

of a bird that lives on crickets.

Okkinrin, s. name
Okke, s. largestraw bag.
Okkere, s. the squirrel.Okke re goriiggi iroko oju da
^' When
the (hunted) squirrel
sasa,
gets on the top
of the iroko tree, there is an end (ofthe chase)."
Okko, s. a shuttle,canoe, boat, ship.
^Okko, s. spear, dart,harpoon. See Esin.
"

Oko,

5.

hoe.

Oko, Okko,
death

of

s.
a

husband.
husband

"

Okp

kiku

m9
is the widow's

Oko-Assa, s. stirrup.
Oko-Ejika,

s.

Okokan, adv.

Oko-Iyawo,
233

s.

shoulder-blade.

by one.
pron.
bridegroom.

one

each.

li osi

obiri,
anguish."
"

The

OKO
"

Okoloriri, Okolaya

Okonri, Okonrtn,
Okose

(ko-ise)

"

s. a
(ok9-ni-obiri),
s.

man.

male.

man,

refuses to bear

who

s. one

married

errand,

an

or

to work.

^Okun,

supposed
ki

re

to

before

y]

it

enniti
ni

of

name

s.

to

be

blind.

fo," The

okun

blind."

was

iba hu ele ko

igbaesse

have

nhu

used

the person
force ; the

his
who

Okun

"

have

Enniti

known

bii hu

ipa ko

ti oni

ele,okun

hu

onna

mo

must

"

feet,
many
telle ki oju

reptilewith

harmless

the
hii

igbaowo

way

ipa,
ti o

pelle, The person who might

strength,did not use his strength;
might have used force,did not use
"

iwa

okun, which

has

200

hands

gently."
^Okun-Enia, s. stupid,dull, harmless

and

200

feet,

acts

Ola, s. wealth,riches.
Olara, s. envious person
^Olaja, s. peace-maker.

^Olelle,s.
Olla,
OllX,

See Ilaja.

to-morrow.

honour, respect,dignity,
authority.

s.

Ollanla,
/^

freeman.

kind of cake.

the morrow,

s.

Olle,
Qlle,

person.

s.

majesty,great honour, dignity.

embryo.

s.

idleness, indolence

kon

s.

; an

indolent

Olle
person.
ijogbogbo ni ifi ire ni,
"

li agba
I0W9,iyanjii
Laziness lends a helpinghand to fatigue
must
: one
be felt every day."
persevere, because fatiguemust
millstone.
Ollo, s. a largenether millstone,
Ologanran,
s. the screaming cricket.
of a garden ; a gardener.
Ologba
( 9gba),s. owner
Ologbon
( 9gb9n),s. prudent person.
are

"

"

"

Oloja, s.
Olokko

person

of rank

; executioner.

s. owner
(oni-9kk9),

Ololla, s. nobleman, person

Olommu-Eko, 5. a young woman
234

or

in

master

of

ship;

man.
spear-

authority.
justapproachingpuberty.

OLO

Olonna,

s.

mechanic.
artisan,

Olopa

Olopaga-Obba,

s.

bearer

king'sstaff,constable,

of the

bearer

s. a
(ni-opa),
policeman.

of the staff of

royalty.

donor.
s. giver,
(ni-ore),
Olorun
the Supreme Being. Olorun
s. God,
(ni-orun),
tobi li obba, God
is the great King."
of wealth ;
Oloro
( or9),s. possessingheaven ; a man
of a plant.
name
Olosa
his chief by
( osa),s. robber, one who serves
Olore

"

"

"

"

robbery.
Olotan,

s.

distant relative.

Olotte

s. a seditious
a revolutionist.
(enni-otte),
man,
Olotti
seller of beer or any liquor.
s. maker
or
(ni-otti),
and rich person.
Olotto, s. a respectable

Oloyumbere,

^Omm9,

s.

small

s.

leaved

broad

lizard.

streaked

banyan kind.
Bi ojuommp
; kernel.
child is not old enough

of the

tree

servant
s. child,
offspring,
^^"--Gmm9,
ato awigbo, If a
ko to oran
of ancient
to be an
eye-witness
with hearsay."
content
"

Ommo-Adire,
/

iku

chicken.

s.

je ki

li ako

on

"

matters, he

Angba

"

ki

re

atan

adire

ommo

Ommo-Owo,

Ommo-^Agutan,
Ommo-Alade,
Ommo-

5.

Alle,

child of

Ommo-Binrin,
Ommodan,

s.

s.

s.

s.

lowo

"

not

mitted
per-

infant.

lamb.

prince,princess.
bastard, child

born

out

of

wedlock,

concubine.

Ommobiri,
young

s.

girl,daughter.

woman.

Majesi, s. child ; state of childhood.

Ommode, j)l.
little toe.
Ommodin, s. little finger,
235

be

ije, A chicken,
death,
hawk
(lit.

lo

having been delivered from the

by being shut up),complained that it was
to feed openly on the dunghill."
Ommo-Agadagodo, s. key.
Ommo-Agbo,

must

OMM

Ommodo,

brook, rivulet.

s.

Ommo-Ewure,

Ommo-Eiiin,

s.

Ommo-Esin,

follower.
inferior,

younger,
colt.

s.

Ommogun,

kid.

s.

(pmmo-ogun), s.

Ommo-Kewu,

soldier,
war-man.

scholar,learner.

s.

Ommo-Kinniu,

lion's

5.

Ommo-konri,

s.

son,

whelp.
boy, youth, lad,

man,

young

of valour.
mighty man
OMM9-LALA, s. great grandchild.
Ommole
s. salamander.
(ommon-ille),
Ommoloju
s, grandchild.
( ni-oju),
O^niOLOjuBiNRi
s. granddaughter.
( obinri),
Ommolojukonri
( okonri),s. grandson.
"

"

"

Ommo-Malu,

calf.

s.

Ommo-Oju,

s.

pupil of

OMM9-OKU,

s.

orphan.

Ommo-Ologinni,

Ommo-Obba,

s.

s.

Ommo-Ommokonri,
s.
"

needed

king.

granddaughter.
grandson.

blacksmith's hammer.
cover,

lid,any small part of

complete it.

to

vessel with

s.
s.

ori),s.

0"ni9Ri (

of

grandchild.

OMM9-OMM9BINR1,
Ommo-Owu,

kitten.

child
prince,princess,

s.

Ommo-Ommo,

the eye.

"

Ti ommori

sel
ves-

ti iye,"A

its cover."

s. top
OMM9RIKA (omm9-ori-ika),
Omm9ri-Od6, s. pestle.
OMM9R1-OLL9, s. smaller or upper
OMM9SSE ( esse),s. toe.

tipof

or

the

finger.

millstone.

"

Ommo-te,
"

v.
"

"

n.

Ommo-Waiiari,
for

in

s.

weaving to

Omotti, Omottiyo
'

'

236

travail,to labour in child-birth.

5.

the

child

of

female

slave

taken

instrument

used

wife.

Ommo,

Ommu,

to

'

"

breast,udder, milk
divide

the woof.

s. drunkard.
(m9-9tti-yo),

ORA

Ora, s fat,tallow,lard.
Oua-Egungun, s. marrow,

See Aparo.

'Ora, s. purchase; purchaser.

'Oran,
'Ore,

s.

matter,

case.

friend.

s.

^y^ORE,s.gift,
present.
"

"

motopo,

giftis

; but

Ore

no

one

ije9re, oraije ora, aki idupe

and a purchase is a purgift,
chase

will thank

you

for

I have

sold it

"

cheap.'

very

Ore-Anu,

Orekese,

alms, charitable gift.

s,
s.

very

small

straw

bag

in which

cowries

are

kept.
'Orere,

slisfhtfits.

5.

small

whip, whip.
of a tree (alsocalled
the name
Oredan
s.
(ore-odan),
Ore-Odan) : the bark of this tree pounded and washed
is used as leaven for fermentin water, beingviscous,
ing
Ore,

s.

Akara.

Orere,

salt.

s.

Orin, adj.eighty,

'Orin,5. dysentery.
^Oro,

word, conversation; clay for building;evil

s.

spirit,
ghost,fairy.
'Oro-Ijinle,5. profoundspeech,profundity,
mystery.
Oro,

s.

riches,wealth.

Oro-Ille,

Oro,
Oro,

s.

in lands.
inheritance,possession

deceit.
unfairness,
equivocation,
cactus
s. the
or
euphorbia,whose

s.

are

named

Oro-Agogo,

various

Oro-Ennukopiye,

species

Oro-Sapo

Satipo.

or

Orun,

s.

bow.

Orun, Qron, 5. neck.

Orun, adj.one hundred.
Orun, s. heaven, sky,cloud.
Orun-Apadi
of

the invisible world of potsherds),

s. place
(lit.

punishment, hell.

238

ORU

Orunla,

dried

s.

okro.

discomfiture.
OsA, s, flight,
'OsA,s. space of time, time

periodand

another.

interveningbetween
li

Duro

"

osa

kan,

agogo

one
"

Wait

for the space of an hour."

'OsA,s. act of robbing,robbery.

OsAN,

of

name

s.

and

tree

its fruit.

OsANHAN, adj.straightforward.
.

the

OsANniN, s.
'OsiN,s.

"

of

water-bird.

are

medicine.

physic;
^"Osin

"

osin

the

Because

birds

god

knows

ino mbi

iwe

mo

how

swim,

to

eiye oko,
the

other

envious."

OsEGGE, s. cloth of great width.

Oso, s. much speaking,exaggeration.
OsoN, OsuN, s. speciesof herb.
s. liberal,
hospitable
(son-ino),
person.

Ososo

Ososo,
'OssA,

s.
s.

of

kind

name

of the

and

found in brooks

worm

lagoon near

Badagry.

OssAN, s, daytime.
OssAN-GANGAN, s. midday, noon.
from
OssE, s. holy day, periodintervening
to another

U^

; space

of

rivers.

one

holy time

week.

Ale koko bi osan

bowstringmade of raw hide.
jina, (A cutting word is as)
9gbe jina ohun ma
be
cannot
tough as a bowstring; a cutting word
healed,though a wound may."

OsAN,

s.

"

"

Osan-Enia, s. thin,slender
OsE, 5. soap.
OsE,
,

//

s.

/Osin,
"

s.

person.

crane.

one

who

makes

mistake.

"

"Though

Osin

ki isin

ennu,

""""7

"

man

may

miss

other

things,he

never

misses his mouth."

neatness, furniture.
finery,
elegance,
^Oso, s. thorns used in pitfalls
; pickaxe.
Oso,

s.

Osoro-Adire, s. chicken.
'OsoRO, s. cascade, cataract
*

239

droppingsfrom

the

eaves.

oso
"

OsoNSON, OsuNsuN,

"

"

rat-trap;

s.

bard

often used

wood

for staffs.
well.

indeed,very

Otan,

adv.

Otta,

s.

gunshot,bullet,ball.

Otta,

s.

enemy,

Otti-Oloja,

Otti,

s.

opponent.
executioner.

s.

beer,ale,any spirituous
liquor.

rum,

vinegar.
liquor,

Otti-Kikan,

5.

sour

Otti-npa,

n.

to be

v.

Otti-Oda,

intoxicated

(lit.liquoris killing).

old fermented

s.

sweet
Otti-Ojo, s. new
Otte, s. revolt,revolution,

liquor.
liquor.
rebellion.

privateinformer.
alone, separate.
'Otto, adj.difrerent,
Otton, adj.right,dexter.
Otton, Omi-otton, s. holy water used
Ottonla, s. the day after to-morrow.
Ottesse,

s.

Otton-' IwEFFA,

Otton-Iyalode,
Otton-gabaz,

'Ottoto,
Owa,

s.

s.

OwARiRi,

Owo,

title next

the north

of

with

of any

palm

to Iyalode.

the face to the west.

thing.

tree.

of rain ; any

shower

thingthrown

or

scattered.

trembling.

club

s.
5.

s.

the whole

branch

'OwARA, s.
^OwE,

s.
s.

chief eunuch.

the second

s.

in libations.

or

company,

summoned

to assist in labour.

cattle ; multitude, class;

flock of birds, beasts,or

of travellers,
caravan
; herd, assortment.
company
of people followed
Owo
multitude
"A
enia gbatii,
"

him."

Owo,

s.

hand;

Owo-^OsiN,
Owo-Otton,

branch; spray.
6'.
s.

the left hand.

the vm\\i hand.

OwoDiNDiN, 6". a bird so called

Owo-Ina, s. flame of fire.
Ow(),s. broom, besom.
'Owo, *. honour, respect.

'240

from

its cry.

owo
"

"

(9W9-de-owo),adv. (from)hand
( ille)s. time, opportunity. Bu

OwoDowo
OvvoLLE
"Give
5.
s.

li

mi

"

"

OwoN,
OwoN,

to hand.

owolle^

time."

me

blame.
retaliation,
vengeance,
recompense,
black snake, which
its opemits spittle
ponents.
upon

OwoN, s. scarcity,
dearth,a wicked person.
Owowo, s. a bird which generallylodgesin holes.
Oya, s. hire, wages ; hedgehog.
the
Ova, 5. the wife of thunder,a goddessto whom

Niger

is

Oya

The

"

OviVN,s. the
"Ogun.
Oye,

therefore

dedicated,which
river of
of

name

river

is called

Odo

Oya.

small

running into

stream

the

the harmattan-wind.

s.

Ovo-GOHO-GOHO,

bird, so called from

s.

its motion.

expressionof respect to the elders of Oyo,

beru nyin,
beru nyin,illu mo
e.g. Gbogbo agba mo
Oyo misi mo beru nyin, I present my respects {lit.
fear)to the elders in general,I present my respects

OvoMisi, s.

an

"

the

to

respects to all the

town, I present my

whole

of

leadingelders

Oyo."
P.

Pa,

sively
{primaryidea,to make to feel or suffer ; extenused in composition),
to kill,murder, put out of
ruin,slay; betray; quench fire,extinguish;
existence,
v. a.

bruise

rub

scrub

; cut

into halves ; break

a

tree ; beat

new

Pa

at

(yam seeds); cut calabashes

hard
nut ; peel the bark of

any
play; hatch

grassfield
; be

tell fables ; cultivate

drunken.

^^^Abemo (tent,shed), v.n.

yb//ow(?t?
or

Adano
or

Agbo
241

to

make

tent

tabernacle.
V. n.
(loss),

to

suffer

loss in trade

merchandise.
v. n.
(a circle),

2i

to make

circle.
.

PA

followedhi/Alo

V\

v. n.
(riddle)j
v. n.
(flame),

Alo

puzzle with riddles.

cease
burning in a

to

to

flame.

(law),V. n. to give law, command,

make
proclamation.
v. a. to alter,change, convert.
(turn),
I cannot
Emi
ko le ipa ipo mi da,

Ase

Da

"

"

change my
V.
(close),

De

de,

re

situation."

Close

"

shut, close up.

to

a.

to be

v. n.
(intention),

Ete

intend
^Imo

iwe

book."

your

up

Pa

"

about

to

do,

to do.

v.
(counsel),

hint (lit.
to hatch

consult, suggest,

to

a.

counsel).
Iye, v. n. to go throughthe farms in search
of provision
in time of war
; forage.
Lara
(ni-ara,
body),v. a. to hurt, bruise.
Lerin
u
". to excite to
( erin,laughter),
laughter.
Mo
to keep,reserve, prev. a.
(adhesive),
serve.
a

"

(mo-ara,close to the body),v. a. to

bear patiently.
NivE
in memory), y. "". to confuse,
(ni-iye,
Mora

confound.
Niveda

da, turn),v.

(
"

(month), v.
(a grove),v.

Osu-JE
Osusu
form

a
v.

Po

plenty),v.

"

Run

persuade,

n.

to miss

n.

to stand

the month.
in

grove,

grove.

Ojo-je,

to

a.

n.

to miss

a
a.

(to destroy)v.

a.

day or days.
to join,mingle
to

gether.
to-

destroy,annilii-

late,erase.
Pa, adv.
.

up

at once,
at once."

242

in

an

v.

n.

instant.
to be

"

gbe

bald,void

pa,

of

"

He

took

hair,barren.

it

PA

of exclamation.
a word
Pa, inte'ij.
back, change,alter.
Pa-da, v. n. to return, come
Padaseiiin
v. n. to return
back, relapse.
( si-ehin),
Pade
v. a. to meet
(pa-ide),
with, come
together.
"

Padegun

Pafa,

v. n.
(pade-ogun),

s.

butcher's

table,board.

Pafo

v, a. to
(pa-afo)
Paiiin (pa-ehin),
v. n.

Pahin-keke, v.

n.

in battle.

to meet

wallow
to

in the

mire.

sharpen the

to chatter

with

the

teeth.
teeth

as

when

one

shivers.

Pajo, Pejo
Pakaja,

v.

to the

v. n.
(pe-ijo),

to pass

a.

to assemble

together.

country cloth from

s.

bamboo.

Pako,

s.

board.

Pakunrete, s.

kind

of dove

(alsocalled Orofo).

Pakuta, s. small stewpan.

effort,with difficulty.
Pala, adv. with much
Palai, adv. not at all,not near, far from.
Palaka, s. the division of the fingers
; bough of
Palapala,
v.

Pa:m6, v.
Pamolle
"

rough,rugged crevices of rocks.

n. to puzzle with
enigmas.
concealed.
to hide ; be out of sight,
n.
ko oran
s. viper. Pamolle
(pa-mo-ille),
viperallows no insolence."

Panhun,
Pania

adv. at once,

calabash

Pansa-Ille,
Pansaga,

s.

afojudi,

stroke.
murder.

murderer..

s.

Pansa, dry

in

to commit

v. n.
(pa-enia),

Panipani,

tree.

s.

"

The

arm

shoulder.

Pako,

Palo,

the

under

5.

uncut, with the seeds in it.

grave, tomb.

fornication.
harlot,prostitute
; adultery,

(used for carrylargecalabash with a cover

ing
and
other
articles when
food,wearing apparel,
travelling).
Panti, PANxiRi,s. a trailing
plant.
Papa, s. grass-field,
plainnewly burnt ; pasture land.
Pansuku,

243

s.

PAP

tremble).
quiverlike one

Papa, adv. violently

v. Wa,
{qualifying
wa

papa
has been

Papagori,s.

bi enniti ina

jo,

"

You

to

"

Onwho

burnt."
a

bird, superstitiously
regardedby the

small

worshippers of Sango, who pretend to understand

the meaning of its cry.
to parch).*
Papala, adv. flatly,
v. Gbe,
drily{jiaalifying
O gbe papala, It is shrivelled up flat."
Pape (pa-ape),
to clap hands.
v. n.
Pa-po, v. n. to unite, mingle.
"

"

Para, adv. with sudden

noise.

s. the upper
(pa-ara),
part of the platewhich rests
the posts supportingthe piazza.
on
Vara folloived
hy M9, v. a. to keep oneself close,take
heed.
Para re mo,
Keep yourself

Para

''

"

close."

Da,

v.

to

a.

disguise,
change, turn

oneself.

Parada,
Pari

v.

n.

disguise,
change.

to

v.n.anda.
(pa-ori)
over, be superior.

to

come

to

be
end, finish,

an

Pari, v. n. to be bald.
Par"],s. jaw-bone.
Paro

exchange, barter. Awa

exchange words for words."
paro ohun, We
Pa-run, v. n. to extirpate,
destroy.
Pasi, s. a kind of coarse
grass for thatching.
(pa-aro)v.

a.

to

"

fi ohun

"

Pasan,

s.

Pasan,

5.

(alsocalled Papasan).
oyster-shells

whip.
Pasi-paro,
s. exchange,barter.
Pase (pa-ase),
law.
v. a. to issue a prohibitive
head.
Pataki, adj.chief,principal,
Patako, s. wooden
shoe, clog; hoof.
Patapata,adv. with the whole, altogether.
violent.
Pati, afZ/.
forcible,
a"^?y.
with force,with violence,forcibly,
Patipati,
violently.
244

PER

bustle.

Pe re, advi. quietly,

without

Pesse, adv. gently,easily.

Perepere, adx). raggedly,[quaUfy'mgv. Ya,
fa

aso

ya

"

perepere,

He

to

"

cloth

the

tears

tear).

into

rags."
adv. very

Perepere,

to be

v. Du,
{qualifying

yi du

This cloth is very

perepere,
Petelle, s. level ground,plain.
"

black). As9
"

black."

Petepere, adv. comfortably.

Petepete,
ma

mud,

s.

"

won,

mire.

"

If the mud

Petepete liesa
in

the

ta

si 'ni lara

^Ijesacountry

adheres

off."
washed
(easily)
catcher.
Petupetu
5. fowler,guinea-fowl
(pa-etu),
Pi, adv. entirely,
wholly,without exception.
of hand.
PiDAN (pa-idan),
v. n. to perform sleight
to commence,
PiLLESE, PiLLE (pa-ille-se),
v. a.
begin;
(usedwith reference to mechanical work).
it will not

to one,

Pin,

v. a.

to

PiN-FUNi, V.
Pin,

v.

a.

be

share,divide.
distribute.
a. to divide,

to

end, terminate.

PiNLE

v. a. to terminate.
(pin-ille),
PiNPiN, adv. fast,
tight.
verbal
PiPA,
adj.slain,killed, not dying of itself.
Pipe, avj.long,tedious ; old,ancient.
to argue
PiTAN (pa-itan),
v. n.
or
disputeabout one's
by adducing old facts.
PiWADA
to change one's behaviour
v. n.
(pa-ivva-da),

age
and

conduct, to repent.
v, n. to changethe mind.
(pa-iye-da),
PiYE ( iye),V. a. to plunder.
PoiiuNRERE
to cry aloud,to lament,
v. n.
(pe-ohun-rere),
bewail, cry out dolefully.

Pi

VEDA

"

PopoRo,

s.

Polo,

snare

s.

PoNSE,
for

stem

.s. name

making

246

of Indian

or

Guinea

corn.

for beasts.
of

tree, the shell of whose

snufT-boxes.

fruit is used

POP

PopoLA,

s.

of

name

the fruit of which

PopoNDo,

PoRi, PoRiRi, V.

a.

flowers,

is esculent.

of bean.

kind

s.

scarlet

bearingrich

tree

to

turn

round, whirl.

PoRiN

iron
v. n. to smelt
(po-irin),
PoROPORo, adv. talkatively.

ore.

Posi, s. coffin.
cold.
to endure
v.n.
(pa-otutu),
Po, V. n. and adj.to be plentiful,
cheap,common
;
many,
great, mighty ; wealthy; able,powerful; increasing.

PoTUTU

Po,

emit, to throw

to

v.a.

Po-ju, adv. much,

than.

more

PojuLo, adv. most, above

PoKO,

s.

kind

back.

all.

of calabash.

make
sharpen an iron instrument ; flatter,
much
of. V. n. to ripen; get yellow; be red.
PoN folloived
to afflict,
v.
a.
trouble,
hy Loju (ni-oju),

PoN,

V.

a.

to

torment,

PoN,

V. a.

PoNGA,

s.

to

carry

the back.

on

piecesof

stick

placed crosswise
from

in the grave to prevent the earth

clean.
PoNGA, adv. entirely,

PoN-Rusu-Rusu,

adj.brown,

V. n.
(pon-otti),

PoNTi

Indian

to

make

or

brew

s.

beer

(as from

Guinea

"

PoTOPOTO,

body
touchingit.

brownish.

corn).
PoNso
( aso),V. n. to ripen (as Indian
PosiLLE-PosoDE, adj.busy in and out.
or

the

over

corn).

mud, bog, mire.

O tu pu,
He runs
Pu, adv. precipitately.
precipitately."
Pupa, adj.red, scarlet,yellow.
PuPA-EviN, s. yelk,yolk of an egg.
Pupo, Pipo, adj.many, much, numerous.
Pupo-pupo, Pipo-pipo,adv. abundantly,numerously.
PuRO
to tell a lie (Jit.
to hatch
a lie).
v,n.
(pa-iro),
"

"

PuTU,

adv. well

putu,
247

"

The

v. Ho,
{qual[f(/ing

soap lathers well."

to

lather).Ose
"

nho

RA

R.

Ra,

Ra

to

a.

v.

buy, purchase;

followedby Di, v. n. to
/
'Eddo, V. w.

laths.

tie ; furnish with

retaliate.
repay, recompense,
or
to feel compassion,
ing
yearn-

of the bowels.

Ra,

to

n.

v.

perish,be lost,go

to

nothing;

slightly,

ache

(as the head).

'Rk

Ra,

to make
in memory),!?,
n.
(ni-iye,
stupefy.
one
forgetful,
as
a bird.
n. to rot, putrefy
; hover
Okonri
rub upon.
to struggle
n.
; creep, crawl ;
man
struggleswith great
nra
pala, The

followedby

v.

Ra,

Niye

"

v.

"

na

effort"

pieceof AlarT.
to shelter, defend; gather as
v. a.
(ra-eddo-bo),

Rabita, AlarT,
Radobo
a

does

hen

s.

her

brood.

child
.s-.a
(ron-agan-bi),

Raganbi

born

after

long season

of barrenness.

to

v. n.
(re-ajo),

Rajo

v. n.
(ra-ako),

Rako

Ram-ram,
Kenniu
v.

a.

adv. very
k6 ramram,
to

slow

v.
{qualifying

Ran,

a.

v.

to

disease);
in

v.

business.

or
"

wound
Ore

a.

mi

to

command,

cry,
very

roar)."

loudly."

charge ;

to remind.

(asan

be

infectious

"

ran

(as

instrument); help,aid
mi
lowo,
My friend

helped me."
Ran, v. a. to spin,twist cord or line.
Ra'n- Ipo, v. n. to speak ironically.
to be perplexed.
v. n.
Ranhun-raniiun,
Ranju
sternlyor fiercely.
v. n. to look
(ran-oju),
248

sew.

hide-bound.

;
(as fire)

communicate
cut

to

growing,be

RLn followedby Leti,

ke,

lion roared

The

"

in

advisedly
un-

crawl.

creep,

send, despatch;

to be

'y. n.

go

to

complain,speak

murmur,

grief
on
a journey,sojourn.

much

from

Ran,

to

v. n.
(ra-ohun),

Raiiun

RAN
Ranti
Ranse

(ran-eti),
v.
n.
v.
(ran-onise),

Rara,

adv.

to

remember,

n.

to send

call to mind.

message.

v. ke,
{qualifying
loudly,vociferously
out). Nigbati mo soro na fun u, o ke rara,

to

"When

"

I told him

Ra'ra,s.

and

Rare,

n.

v.

cried out."

he

long and tedious sickness

life
attention,struggle between

suffer
linger,

to

and

care

at all.

nothing,none

adj.none,

without
and

the word

cry

death.

Rau-rau, adv. entirely,

totally.
Re, v. n. to change feathers as birds,moult, fall off
hair

as

leaves.

or

Re,

v.

n.

to go,

Re,

v.

n.

to go

as
ho).
depart (same sic/nijlcation
off",
springas a trap or snare.

Rebi

on
a journey,
v. n. to go
(re-ebi),
sojourn.
Rede-rede, adv. foolishly.
Red! (re-idi),
the tail upward, as a bird
v. n. to move

it sits upon
bird sits

tree; wag

the tail.

tree)and
v. n. to
(ru-ofin),

(upon

Refix, Rufin

Eiye

"

the

ba

redi,"The

its tail

moves

break

or

when

upward."

transgress the

law.
adv. to

Reke,

Re-ko-ja,
cross,

an

adv.

eminent

beyond

degree.

measure,

traverse, go alone.

bridge."
Reku
v. a.
(re-iku),
trap).

v.
"

Mo

a.

to pass

over
"

rekojaafara,

; omit

I crossed

the

Rera

ara),v.

(
"

Rere, adv. well.

kill,
despatch,kill (as a

Re,

v.

with
a.

249

to

or

to be

time,

fruit on.
having no more
more
out of sight,
no
Reru, adv. entirely
to hope, expect, wait
Reti
v. a.
(re-eti),
ear

snare

proud.
adj.good,devout.

n.

great distance.
be past harvest
v. n. to
(re-ori),

Rere, adj.at
Reri

to

feather

or

an

ear-pick.

shear, cut short, cut,

2

smear.

verbal

to be

for

adj.

seen.

clean

the

RE
Ke

followedhy Je,

a.

v.

to cheat

IVIeyanmeyan,

Re,

to agree,

v. v.

Thorns

"

re,

be

do

a.

v.

stick
friendly,

not

to
to.

crush

to atoms.

Egiin

"

eat).
ba

ko

esse

the foot."

with

agree

and

to cut
{l.\t.

Re, pers. pron. reflect,

thyself.

Re,

v.

dye,steep in water, tinge.

io

a.

Re, jiers.jjron.his,himself.

Re,

feel

be tired, weary
fatigued,
; cast leaves (as
in autumn); hush, comfort; fade, wither; intrees
crease,
multiply; be deeply red.
for ; watch
Regge
to set a snare
for,wait
v. n.
(re-egge),
for an opportunity
; find fault.
Relle
oneself,make
v. a. to go
(re-ille),
down, humble
v.

to

n.

oneself low.
Rerin

v.
(rin-erin),

Rerin-wesi,v.

smile.

to

n.

Rere, adv. very

laugh.

to

n.

verbs of pursuing or
[qualify'mg
le mi

towards). Nw9n
"

"They

rere,

motion

pursuing

are

me.

Rere-Oju,

afeni

oju, oju li
ship
eye-servant promises friend-

eye-servant,eye-service.Rere
"

suti

lehin,

An

"

but he

despisesyou behind your

v. n. to take
(re-oyin),
honey from a
;

Reyin

Ri, v.

a.

and

woof

Ri,

s.

V.

a.

to

n.

sink, drown,

for the loom

insertion

by

find,discover,

to see,

immerse

v.

n.

in the
to

back."
hive.
prepare

the

sley.

be,

seem,

appear;

be defiled,

Ri, adv.

eyi ti ako
was

Wi
RiDi

at

never,

never

ri

time.

no

ri,

"

"

Nwon

mu

They brought the

esin

V.

a.

irii
like

seen."

to

from.

receive,obtain.

RiKisl,5. conspiracy,
plot. Nw9n
"

plottedagainstme."
RiN, V. n. to laugh.
250

wa,

horse ; the

followedhy Sa, v. a. to shun, avoid, run

the end.
v. a. to ascertain,
see
(ri-idi),

Ri-GB^

na

di rikisi si

mi, "They

RIN

RiN,

V.

be

to

n.

damp,

soaked

or

down

press

to the

ground.
RiN,

and

V. a.

Bi

"

tickle

to

n.

ati

sail ; walk, go, move,

gress.
pro'ni," As one is walking so

li ako

rin

he is met."
to have

v.n.
RiND9 (rin-eddo),

to

sensitive

ject
sub-

stomach

nausea.

heavy).
Okuta
na
wuwo
rinrin, The stone is very heavy."
RiRAN
sight.
t\ n. to see, see
a wonderful
(ri-iran),
to tremble).
RiRi, adv. exceedingly{ciualifying
v. Wa,
I
vva
riri, When
Nigbati mo
gbo orp na, mo
heard the word I trembled
greatly."
to
v. WX,
RiRi, adv. somewhat
tremulously{qualifying
ommode
nwa
na
o
riri, The
shake). Otutu mu
to be

v. Wuwo,
(quaJifying

RiNRiN, adv. very

"

"

"

"

"

"

child

is

RiRi, s. the
I have

cold, he shivers
of

act

"

RiRO, Iro, s.
RiRU, Iru, s.

the act
the act

of smoke

issue

ti riri

ti ri

mo

i," Seeing,

of

the act

s.

Ni

seeing.

it."

seen

RiRO, Iro,

little."

rushing.
of manufacturingiron.
of issuing
forth from a dry spring;
from

fire kindled

the

sprout of

vegetable.
Riru-Omi,

s.

fuke,

"

Rd,

V.

a.

think

Ro,

V.

a.

Ro,

V.

a.

r. a.

The

waves

and
251

"

omi

Riru

ndide

fuke-

are

to
to

V. n.

cultivate,till;
acute

cause

v.

n.

to

pain (as a

drip.
sore

or

wound),to give

pain.
to drain

RoHiN, (ro-ihin),
v. n.
Ro

waves.

stimulant.

constant

RoGUN,

of the

risingvery high."
to tell,relate ; conceive, imagine, meditate,
deeply; stir up ; plague,trouble.
to sound ; place in an
erect
position
; excite,

render

Ro,

swell

Loju,

v.

a,

to

into

pond

or

pit,collect by

to tell news

appear

difficult.

tillation.
dis-

ROJ
Roju

V. n. to look sad,or
(ro-oju),
displeased.
verbal adj. Pon,
RoKi-ROKi, adv. biilliantly
{qualifying

red).

Aso

"

na

cloth

fully
is beauti-

deceased

head

rokiroki, " The

pon

red."
RoLLE

v. n.
(ro-ille),

family;to

inherit property

v.
(ro-onna),

RoNA

to the

succeed

to

to

a.

stop

of

houses).
(especially
road

mind, think, meditate

or

block

up

the

clear the road.

RoNo

v. n.
(ro-ino),

be

to

stir the

sorrv.

RoNo-RONO,

s. a

thinker.

V. n.
RoN9-pi:\VADA,

to

change

one's

conduct, opinion,or

behaviour,after consideration,
repent.
RoRo, adj.austere, severe, harsh, fierce.
verhal adj Pon, red).
RoRO, adv. beautifully
{qualifying
RoRo, adv. very beautifully
Pon).
{qualifying

RoRE, s. pustule,pimple appearingon the face.

v. a.
Ro, -y. w. to gush, give way.
push, push forcibly,
break

edge, pervert, turn aside ; to

collect a confused mass
of things; translate,
explain.
Ro, V. n. to wither (asthe hand or a limb),be scorched or
slacken,cool
v. a. weaken,
blighted(asgreen leaves),
bend

or

at the

the ardour.

Ro,

V.

to

a.

constrain,press

urge,

give time, hang

upon,
be soft ; rain.

RpBi, (ro-ibi),
v. n.

to

v.n.
upon;
suspend; feel easy,

to

be

ease,
fortable,
com-

be in the painsof child-birth.

travail,

expound by a lengthenednarrative.
RoGUN, V. a. to lay wait for,set a watch for ; produce seed
(as yams).
Ro-BERE,

Rojo, V.

n.

Rojo,

V. n.

Roju,

v.n.

Roju,

to

V. a.

to

rain,pour

to wither

down

(as a green herb).

persevere, be
adj.tame, mild, soft.

RoKiN,
RoKON,
252

V.
V.

to

n.

to relate

n.

to rebel.

rain.

patient.

tell old stories,

traditions,

RUL

RuLLu-uuLLU,

seditious

s.

person,

disturbs

who

one

the

town.

RuRU, adv. confusedly.

(ru-ewe),v.

RuwE

forth leaves.

shoot

to

n.

S.
time.

Sa, s.
Sa, v.
Sa, v.

in the

a.

to

expose

n.

to

flee,run.

to

sun

dry.

^A

followedbj/Di, v.n. to seek protection.

Sa, adv. (a particleprefixedto verbs to call immediate
ti wi, Now
Sa gbo bi mo
now.
see
attention),
now,
"

"

hear

what

for.
Sa, coitj.
v.

to

a.

say."

Yio

"

Sa,

make,

aim

Sa, adv. awhile, for

Sa

se,

sa

at,

it shall

For

"

point,apply

medicine.

time.
make

foUoivedbj/Lami

(ni-ami),v. a. to
make
a
sign upon.
LojA, V. a. to slipfrom

Pamo,
Sabba

pass."

to

come

v. n.
(siin-abba),

v.

to

n.

hide,

to

incubate,

mark

or

; forget.
memory
conceal oneself.
set

eggs ; hide

on

away.

Sa-di,

v.

to

n.

take

refuge

under

the

protectionof

another.
Sagadagba

v.
(so-agada-gba),

n.

to

become

pitched

battle.
Sagati

v. a.
( 'aga-ti),
"

to encamp

against.

Sagun

charms
to make
or
v. n.
(sa-ogun),
greegrees.
Sakani, s. neighbourhood.
Sakasaka, s. hay, groundnut leaves dried, provender.
Sakusa, s. black, long-tailed
bird,said to be one of the
morning songsters.

Sa-kuro, v.
Salo,

v.

11.

a.

to

to
run

Salaiia, Salala,
Ibante.

abandon, forsake,run

away

from.

away.
y.

kind

of

napkin used by

men.

See

SAL

Salubatta,
Samisi, v.

a.

San,

to

sandals.

s.

to

put

mark

gird,tie

distinguish.

on,

thunder.
crack,
v. n.
split,
San, adv. aloud, straightforward,
directly,
vividly. MaIt lightens
ko san,
namana
vividly."
San, adj.better.
v.

a.

round

"

"

/^AN,
^

V.

reward, benefit.

to pay,

a.

isan akan

loke
the

prospers
the bank

ode,

of the

or

to

claim

in each

of his

man
own

head, and

not

fortunate

man's
who

one

another.

on

that each

San

river."

represent

li ori isan

Olori

"

ki

(The good geniusof the)head

of the

owner

to reside

used

"

brain

has

the crab

spiritis
:
"

posed
sup-

crab

The

connection

no

on

is

with

proverb therefore signifies

has an exclusive rightto the products
and
forethought
industry.
The

followedhy Telle,

to

v. n.

advance

money,

pay

beforehand.

Sandie, Sanju, adj.a little better.

Sanra

to be

v. a.
(san-ara),

healthyor well looking.

slips{quaUfyingv. Be, to split).

Sansan, adv. in small

Sanyan,

s. raw

Sa-pa-mo,

v.

n.

silk,coarse

silk,silk

woven

cloth.

hide, abscond.

to

SapaUa, Sapadi,v.

to be

barren

(appliedonly to land).
a
Sapere, v. n. to make
sign,give direction,token, or
mark, make a figure.
Saraha, s. alms, charitable gift. (As used by the Mathese gifts
hommedans
akin to actual
are
very much
^'
sacrifice. Ore-anu, meaning unequivocally
"alms,"
has been therefore employed in translation).
Saraha
n.

"

babba

ebo,

Sare, Sure

Sare,

"

Saraha

v.n.
(sa-ire),

is the father of sacrifice."

to

square inclosed by
Sarepegbe, s. the messenger
s.

Sari, s. the earlymeal

during
s^ri

their

run.

buildings.
of

company.
of the Mahommedans

fast-days.Babba
"

"

je, Father, rise, that

255"

you

may

eat

before
dide

ki

sari."

break
dayo

mii

SAT

Sata, Kusata,
the

of a
inspection
to
v. n.
(se-ase),

^Sase

int. behold

Sawo-o,

Sagbaraka,

v.

Se,

be

v.

to

n.

buildingsunder

headman.
make

feast.

! lo !
with
fortify

to

a.

of

lioiisehold,
group

s.

shut,close, be

fence.

wooden

barren

miss

mark

or

one's aim.

^E

Se,

followedhy Mo,
v.

cloth
Sebo

v. a. to
(se-ibo),
Segiri (se-egiri),
-y. n.

Sese,

s.

Si, 'G.

n.

ni

kind

or

unfruitful.

of bean.
babba

lya ko si mo,
itojumi, (My) mother
"

yio se

no

; who

more

shall take

Si, prep, against,

to, at, into,used
motion

is

"

father is

fat.

with

gross, to overpower
to be chilly.

be, exist.

to

towards.
house."

to our

victuals,to dye

prepare

wax

to be barren

n.

and

up.

leather.

or

Sepon, v.

enclose,block

to

a,

cook, dress

to

a.

v.

"

Ogun

no

more

of

care

am

taiTa si

^'

wa,

The

(my)

?"

me
a

"

ta

mo

always with

nlo si ille wa,

Emi

"

si

ko

verb

of

going
shot

enemy

againstus."

arrows

Si, Sin, co}ij.

and, also, likewise.
Sii, adv. awhile, for

time.

some

"

sii, He
"

pe

stopt

awhile."

SiAN, Stox, Suwa, adj.good,fair,pleasant,well.

SiBE (si-ibe),
adv. still,
yet.

SiHA, prep, toward,

on

the side of

Sille

ad"'.down
(si-ille),
SiKsiK,s. hiccough.
Si MI,

V.

to

n.

rest,pause

Srx, adv. before, first

mi,

Six, V.
V.

"

He

a.

to
to

n.

SiN, V.

a.

due
256

came

to the

in

hush,

ground.
hush
interj.

pointof

time.

"

tete

de

sin

before me."

fillon
string,

beads

stringas

or

cowries.

sneeze.

to accompany,

lord over,

lead

domineer

on

the way

; serve

demand

debt

superior,
worship,

SIN
adore

domestic

doing ; keep

prevent from

cease,

animals, raise cattle.

Sin

followedhy Je, x". a.

SiNHU, SiNwiN,
SiNiKA,

to be

V. 71.

metal

white

s.

to

imitate,mock.

be deranged.
silly,

sold

the coast.

on

SiNisiNi

s. tyrant,lord.
(sin-enia),
into,among.
SiNO,p'ej?.
to hide,conceal.)
SiN-siN, adv. closely
v. pamo,
{([ualifi/ing
SiPA (si-ipa),
2)rep. in the track of.
SisiN,s. that which is to be served, worshipped,or taken

of.

care

Siso,s. that which

be

adv.
(si-iwaju),

"Forwards
V.

thrown,

to

a.

and

word

away;

to

forward.

more,

tie,hang,suspend, v.
a.

to tie

SoBiA, s. the guinea worm,

which

to break

V. n.

"

Siwa

sehin,

backwards."

hy Mo,
Sofollovjed
So,

cast

spoken.

SiWAJu

So,

is to be

v.

n.
or

to bear

fruit.

hang upon.

wind.
causes

ing.
painfulswell-

V. a. to prohibit.
(so-ofin),
adv. to the top, on
Soke (si-oke),
top.
SoPANFA
s. to
(so-ipanpa),
mutually
agree
goods for the market.
So-Ro, V. 71. to hang so as to swing,suspend.
Se, v. a. to strain ; deny, negative.

SoFiN

in

Se, (adv. denoting earnestness

practice),
now,

to
now,

at any

in

puttingone's

valuing

resolution

rate,at any hazard, surely,

indeed, truly.

drop like dew ; put a questionto a stranger,

make
inquiry; quake as the earth.
So, V. n. to speak,talk,tell,
; shoot out of the
pronounce
mend, patch.
stem, join,
So follotved
by Asodon, v. a. to exaggerate.

Se,

v.

71.

to

AwiYE,

Di,
257

V.

a.

to prove,

V. a.

to turn
2

make

to, reduce

certain.
to.

so

So

to

v. a.
(di-ahoro),

followedhy Daiioro

turn
desolate,

to ruins.

Dassan

v.
assan),

(
"

a.

Di-RANiiuN-RANiiuN, V.
No,

V.

a.

to

lose,throw

to annihilate.
a.

to

pcrplex.

away.

orDm'i,t;. 7^. toplay a game.

to charge, command,
LoFiN
v.
a.
(ni-ofin),
prohibit.
to lodge,assignto a
Lojo (ni-ojo)
V. a.
place.
Telle
to foretell,
a.
(te-ille),v.
ticate.
prognosLiLi

put a load down from the head.

/So,v.a, to heave, throw, cast at, turn, make to come.
ti aso
Ohun
siwaju li aba, ohun ti asi gbln,li awa ;
nigbatiako so siwaju,ti ako gbin sille ki li abba, " A
So,

V.

to descend

n.

"

"

will surely be overtaken, a

forward
thing thrown
thingplantedin the ground will be there to be dug
thrown
forward, what
up ; but if nothing has been
? and if nothing has been planted,
shall be overtaken
what shall be dug up ?"
scold, complain.
So, V. n. to quarrel,
SoDi (so-idi),
V. a. to explain,
prove, declare.
S9FFA,V. n. to pawn, pledge.
SoLLE (so-ille),
to place or lay the foundation.
v.a.
SoMiDOLOTTO, s. the solitaryyellow monkey (also called
Oloyo).
Son, v.a. to broil by placingimmediately on the fire.

Son,

v.

a.

SoNMO,

Son,

V.

v. a.

to

shove, move.

n.

to

move

to accuse,

close to.
sue

aim

at.

excitement.
s. irritation,
(s9n-ina-si),
ment
sonasi si mi,
nse
They are rousingan exciteagainstme,"

SoNAsr, SuNAsi
Nwon

^'

S9NIDI (so-enia-di),
v. n.
SoNo,

V.

258

"

n.

to

to make

lose,be lost.

or

constitute.

SON

SoNKi, SuNKi, v.a.to shrink,contract, shrivel,

shun.
SoKALLE, V. n. to descend, come
down, go down, disembark.
y

SoKUN,

SoNKUN,

sonkun

V.

ba ti

(who

weeper

V.

her

to hold

n.

condole

to

comes

goes
painfulrecollections

SoRO,

"

"

re

and

weeps

bewail.
Elekun
cry, weep,
lo arokan
iba sokun
ko dake,
A
to

71.

way
weeps

with

but

one

and

never

her

who

friend)

dwells

on

ceases."

conversation,
talk,speak.

V. 71. to whisper.
S9R0-JEJE(so-oro),
v. a. to
S9ROLEHIN (so-oro-ni-ehin),
backbite, calumniate

in one's absence.

SoRo-WEREWERE,

V. ".

to

talk
chatter,

SoTELLE

v. a.
(so-te-ille),
prophesy.

Su, V.

to

a.

the

retail oil

sow,

tell

to

socket, stand,or handle

from

pain

wura

su

of
"

u,

the

foot;

ing.
mean-

beforehand, foretell,

liquor;

or

much

without

take

of

thing out

tire,weary

; walk

lame

fi omi
gild. Nwon
with
washed
gilded,{lit.
gold

It is

sow,

"

water)."
in numbers

appear

Su,

V.

forth

to break

Su, v.n.

to fail of

n.

of the

edge

(as any eruptionon

on

making

the

to
skin),

the surface.
an

instrument

impressionfrom the blunt

ing.
wound; fail in cuttingor

Sua, adj. universal,extensive, comprehending

wide

SuB9,V.

very

range.
a.

to

gild; overlaywith

thin

coat

of

gold or

silver.
SuFE

V. a. to whistle.
(su-ofe),
Sun, v. n. to sleep; congealas

Sun,

Son,

Sun,

adv.

look
with
259

v.

a.

to sue,

oil.

complain of.
v. Wo,
surprise{qualifying

accuse,

with
strangely,
The
deaf
at). Aditi wo 'ni li ennu
sun,
surpriseat the mouth (ofthe speaker)."
"

"

to

look

SUN

SuNMO,

near.
approach, draw
ille sa, awa
we
pade, When
sonm9
met
the house we
(one another)."

SoNMO,

V.

a.

to

"

mo

to

SuNYE, V. n. to doze, take

v. n.
Sure, Sare (sa-ire),
SuRU, Suuru,

near

haste.

make

to run,

blessingupon.
under

patience,perseverance

s.

drew

short nap.

to wish

v. a.
(so-ire),

Sure

Nigbati

"

vexation.

(san-iwa),
adj.good, well, nice.
contemptuous poutingof the lips.

SuwoN, SuwA
SuTi, s.

s.

Sa,

v.

a.

Sa,

v.

n.

to fade

Sa,

v.

a.

to

to

cut, wound, snap

(as the

pick up
ni ki

Babba
said

ase

colour

by

one

Sa, adv. in any wise,

at

one,

cloth).

choose.

rate, only,merely, but.

bi o ti wu
ki ori," My father
"

do it at any rate."
the red wattle tree ; the colour

must

we

Saffa-pupa,

s.

Saffa, s. iron ring worn

ni ike ode,
Safin

of

any

sa

(a gun).

"

The

Saba, s.

on

the wrist

saffa is

chain

by

hunter's

yellow.

hunters.

"

Saffa

ring."

the wrist

by hunters.
Safojudi, v. n. to be saucy, insolent,impudent.
Safowora
v.a.io
steal,pilfer.
(se-fi-owo-ra),
Sagalamasa
to
v.
n.
( agala-mo-asa),
play tricks, be
guiltyof double dealing.
Sagbe, (se-agbe),
v.
a. to beg, borrow.
Sagbe-sagbe,s. a beggar,borrower.
Saho
( aho),V. n. to despise,contemn.
Sajo ( ajo),
to be anxious.
v. n.
Saju ( iwaju),
to go before,precede.
v.a.
Sa-jo,^AfoUoivedhy Jo, v. a. to gathertogether.
Sai ! interj.
(a word of defiance).
Saka, Sasa, adv. clearly,
thoroughly. Ara mi
entirely,
da saka, "I am
clear (ofany harm
or
blame)."
or

worn

on

"

"

"

"

"

Saka,
V

s.

Sakata,
260

name
s.

of

kind

of trousers.

fen,bog,morass,

miry ground.
"

Sakata

ni ida

SAN

Sangbo

(
"

igbo),V.

n.

to cut

forest for cultivation.

small-pox.
used for making quivers.
Sapo, s. name
Sape (sa-ape)v. a. to clap hands.
to give direction,
Sapere
v. a.
token,or sign.
(se-apere),
Sapa-sapa, adv. not decentlyor neatly,
roughly,abruptly.
Sapejure
to give a direction.
v. n.
(se-p^-jure),
Saran
v. n. to speak unconnectedly
(asan aged
(se-aran),
Sanpanna,

person

5.

cow-pox,
of a tree

from

of memory

weakness

loss of mental

or

powers).
talk much,
to dispute,quarrel,
Saroye
v. n.
(se-ro-ye),
complain,argue, reason.
to be older than.
Sare (se-are),
v. n.
Sata, Sata,

5.

mud,

mire,

morass.

from
to remove
one
v. n.
(se-atipo),
country to
another, sojourn.
Sawada
(" awada),v. n. to jest.
Sawo
( awo),V. n. to.make a secret bargain,
conspire,
plot.
Saworo, s. small brass bells with narrow
openings.
Sawotan
v. a. to heal,cure.
(se-wo-tan),
Sasa, s. scars made by the small-pox. Sasa se mi li oju,
I am
pittedon the face with the small pox."
SXsA, adv. only a few, here and there, scantily.
Sasa, s. worn-out
palm-broom, broom.
Sasabaku, s. coffee plant.
Satipo

"

"

"

Se, v. a. to do, act, cause, make, execute,

Se fun mi,
Give
Se, v.n. to give way.
Temi
to.
ni ise,
Se, v. n. to be,answer
^E followedby Iregun, v. n. to reprove

manage.

"

me

"

It is mine."

"

"

an

person by reminding him

done to him.

Afojudi,
saucy

Lalejo,
Lewa

a.

to

ungrateful
of kindness

insult, affront,be

to.
v.

a.

to entertain

v.
(ni-ewa),

decorate.
262

v.

way."

a.

to

strangers.
adorn, beautify,

SE

^Y.followedby Loso

v. a,
(ni-oso),

NiBUBURU,

RuBUTU,

Sebe,

s.

Sebi,v. n.
Sefefe,v.

treat.
en-

to

n.

provoke,urge

to provocation,

excite to anger.
V, n. to think, consider.

dim, be dim.

to grow

black

evil

to write.

v.n.

Tamahan,

Sebaibai,v.n.

hurt,
injure,

v.a.io

SuNASi, V.

adorn, furnish.

to

emits

which

snake

saliva.

to suppose.

Se-gafara,

brag,boast.

to

n.
v.

respect for.

have

to excuse,

a.

Segbe

to be lost,perish,
v.n.
(se-egbe),
Segbedegbeyo
v. n. to
( gbo-ede-gbo-eyo),
of an interpreter,
interpret.
"

Se-Irona,

v.

to tell a lie.
v. n.
(se-eke),
or
v. n. to trouble
( enia),
annoy.
to givesomething over
v. n.
( eni),

Seke
Sent

part

of.

in search

to go

n.

the

act

"

Seni

"

money.
Senewo
s.
(se-na-owo),

Kakawo).
Seriju
v.
( ri-oju),
"

to

n.

of

name

bird

purchase-

(also called

steward

as

serve

the

worthy
trust-

or

servant.

Se-pansaga,

v.

Se-pasi-paro, v.
Sepe

Sepe,

aux.

V.

it been

to

n.

v.
(se-epe),

prostitute.

to

a.

n.

had

barter,make

take oath.

to swear,

it been.

"

exchange.

Iba

sepe

behe

li

"

ri,

so."

mock.
v. n. to ridicule,
(se-esin),
Se-tan, v. n. to be ready,be completed.
Sesin

Setan, adv. after all.

Seun

v.
(se-ohun),

n.

to be

come
fulfilled,

Se,

v.

n.

to be

Se,

v.

a.

to break

to

pass ;

happen.

stick; break, conquer,

^'kfollowed
hy Keke,
263

kind, be benevolent.

v, a.

to

subdue.

reckon, number.

Had

SE

^E followedbi/Loju, Lekanna, v. a. to wink

of hint,hint,beckon.
NiFON, V. a. to suit,rub,

Se,

v.

to

a.

by

at

scratch

body of another to indulge him

pleasure.
NisE, r. a. to punish.
begin; sin, ofTend, commit
commence,

way

the
in

trespass,transgress.

Se, adv. greatly,

very much

Gbogbo wa nyo se,

v. a.
Sebo, Sebbo (se-ebo),

"

"

Sedda,

silk.

s.

Sedda-

v. Yo, to rejoice).
{qualifying
We
all greatlyrejoice."
to sacrifice,
propitiate.

YoRiYORi,

s.

white silk.

silk.
s. purple-shaded
(ni-efin),

Sedda-Elefin

to jest,
v. n.
joke.
(se-eire),
the road towards
the
Segge, s. high grass bending over
enni obba, ojo ko mo
Segge ko mo
dry season.
does not regard the
enni owo,
As the grass segge
king'smessenger, so the rain does not respect great

Seffe

"

"

men."
to break
war), to overcome,
(se-ogun),v. a. (lit.
have the victory.
revolt from.
to rebel against,
Seive (se-eiye),
v. n.
the eye.
Seju (se-oju),
to wink
V. n.
Se-keke, v. a. to give account, reckon
by tickets ; cast

Segun

lots.

Seke-seke,

Sekere,

s.

s.

fetters.

calabash
and

used

with

covered
as

cowries

plaitedin

work,
net-

drum.

Sekete, s. beer made from Indian corn.

a blaze of light).See
Sembe, adv. (characterising

Imun-

MUNA.

Seno, v.

n.

to

miscarry.

Senifinran, Etutupuye,
Seri

v.
(se-ori),

direction.
264

n.

to

s.

divert

thorny shrub.
the

course,

take

another

SE
"

Se-Orun,

s.

the

of
setting

"

the

sun

it appears

when

as

globe.
Sepolohun

pricklyshrub

tree.

or

Sete

otte),V.

"

SI,V.
S\

of

s. name
(se-pa-oni-ohun),

subdue, conquer.

to

miss, mistake,fail.

to

a.

n.

followedby Fisi,v.
No,

v.

rinse,cleanse.

to

a.

misplace.

to

a.

to sight
Si,Sin,v. a. to open, expose
;
place ; be guilty; borrow, lend ; run

^ifollowedby l^xiYKyv.

to

n.

remove,

with

discover

the

change
tation.
precipimind;

alienate.

Laje,
NivE,
Se, v.
SlBI

5.

v.

a.

to condemn.
to remind.

V.

a.

a.

to do

wrong,

misbehave.

spoon.
the pawpaw

tree and fruit.

SiBO, s.
but, yet.
SiGBo,SiGBON, SuGBON, conj.
SiGiDi,adj.moderately short and bulky.
SiGiDi,SuGUDU, s. earthenware
image.

SiGUN

to set out for war.

V. n.
(si-ogun),
SiGUN, s. the fig-nut
plant.
Siji ( iji),
V. a. to shade, cast
a shade, screen.
SiJiBO ( iji-bo),
to overshadow.
V. a.
Siju ( oju),V. n. to open the eye ; be daring.
"

"

"

Siju-w^o,V.
Si-KUN, V.
SiKKo

a.

n.

to look

upon,

behold.

to remain.

okkp),V. n. to get under weigh.

to open a door, grant
v. n.
( illekun),

(
"

Sillekun

"

SiMORAN

v.
(se-mo-9ran),

a.

consider

to

tance.
admit-

counsel.

piercingly.Egun gun mi li esse

firmly,
The thorn piercedmy foot very deeply."
sin,
fastly.
Sin, Sinsin, adv. upright,firmly,steadily,
fast,steadSFn,adv.

very

"

"

265

SIN

SiNiKA, s. pewter

compositionof

silver.

palaver sauce.
SixA, V. n. to err, miss the road, stray.
Sio ! intoj.(a word
expressingcontempt).
SiNsiN-OBBE,

s.

sweetmeat

lay open, expose to view

SiPE (se-"ipe),
v. n. to beg pardon for.
Sire( ire)v.n. to play.
SiREGUN
( iregun),v. n. to rebuke or
SiPAVA,

to

v.n.

"

remind

"

of kindness

person
V.
( iro),

SiRO

a.

"

SiRO, s.

of

name

SiRi,-s.

bird.

SisE

to

mistake

v. n.
(se-ise),

to

SisE

n.

to

guinea corn
the

move

act

foot ;

wrongly;

rice with

make

the

haste,

or

do amiss.

labourer.

labour, do hard

v. w.
(se-ise),

or

work, labour.

SisESiSE,s. workman,
SiSEPA, V.

of

singlestock

to

done.

reckon, calculate.

to

grainin the ear.

SissE (si-esse),
v. n.
speed.
SisE, v.n.

grateful
un-

an

to

suffer

work.

trouble, labour

under

some

difficulty.
SisiNiGUN,s.

bird.

SisoRO, adj.difficult.
Sisu,s. the act of being darkened.
SiwERE
Si wo

to be silly,
be a fool.
v.n.
(se-were),
intcrj.
(an expressionof defiance).

SiYEMEJi

So, V.

a.

to doubt, hesitate ; (lit to

v. n.
(si-iye-meji),
two minds). O nsiyemeji, You
are
doubting."
to be rough,passionate,
peevish,sour.

So, V.

a.

to be

make

"

"

slackened, or

So, adv. justa touch,

loosened.
touch

mere

touching,or dipping).
"

fibo

verbs of
{qualifying
He justdipped
so,
"

it."

So,

V.

to look

n.

SoFO

stern, surly,or

V. n.
(se-ofo),
SoFOFO ( fo),
V. n.
"

266

harsh,

to suffer loss of
to reveal

property.

secrets,tell tales.

SOG

SoGO

V. n.
(se-ogo),

SojoRO,

to cheat

V. n.

SojuKOKORo

SoKOTo,

perform worthy actions

to

in

n.

covet, be covetous.

to

trousers.

s.

S6koto,K6to,"^'.very
room.

glory.

play.

v.
oju-kokoro),

"

space or room, as
kiki ekan,"A small

Ille sokoto, or Ille koto

"

confined

confined

narrow,

of (almost)
consisting
nothingbut pins;"
(a riddle, meaning the mouth with its many teeth).
Solo, s. small brook or spring.
SoLORi
to command, head.
v. a.
(se-olori),
SoNO
V. n. to be froward,surly,
(so-ino),
cross, passionate,
peevish.
SoNso, s, a point; the highestpointor tip of any thing.
Sore (se-ore),
v. n. to do good, act kindly.
SoRO, verbal adj.hard, difficult.

SoRO

room,

oro),v.

"

be

to

n.

furious, be

irritation.
or
indignation
Soso, adj.only,single, On
"

"

Sowo

So,

He

is the

owo;,

"

V.

n.

V.

li

soso

mbe

from

ni

ille,

in the house."

one

trade.

to

guard, watch.
V. n. to mourn
ofr9),

to

a.

SoFFO

only

nikan

act

severe,

(
"

SoFFON-DiN,

s.

of

name

SoHOMBiA, SoROMBiA,

s.

for the dead.

herb used

an

pair of

for

sauce.

boots.

( okan),v. n. to be one, unite, agree.

little at a time.
Son, v. a. to take by small quantities,
with a plunge {qualifying
Wo,
Son, adv. precipitately,
v.
ino re son,
It plunged into it altogether."
to enter). O wo
SoKAN

"

"

"

Son, adv. coolly,

calmly. O
"

mi

son,

"

He

calmly."

me

S9RE ( ore),V.
"

Soso

wo

oso), V.

"

SoTTE

Sowo,

V.

SowoN,

n.

V.
9tte),

"

a.
V.

*267

to hand
n.

to

n.

to be

associate,be friends.

to adorn
n.

to
over

oneself.

rebel,revolt.
;

send

rare, scarce,

over.

dear.

looks

upon

su

Su,

V.

Su,

V. n.

into balls, knead.

to make

n.

to

locusts

Su, V.

n.

to

Su,

V.

a.

to

Su,

v.n.

gather together in a great multitude

or
grasshoppers).
gatherblackness as rainyclouds, darken.
speak,hold a speech ; intrust.
throw

to evacuate,

out.

v. a.
(ni-ohun),

Lohun
Svfol/oivedbi/

(as

vituperate.
Si,D. rt. to answer

to

severely,

censure

about,

be concerned

notice.

Su-Bo,
SuBu

to

V. a.

in a crowd.
upon
to fall down.

come

v. n.
(se-ibu),

but, yet.
co})j.
s. image
SuGUDU, SiGiDi,
SuGBON,
Su-jo,
SuKU,

V.

SuKURA,

Su-MO,

come

kind

s.

to

n.

s.
V.

of basket.

partridge.{SeeAparo.)

of the

name

to

a.

worship made of clay.

togetherin a dense crowd.
for

come

in

upon

crowd.

from
to be suffering
v.a.
(su-ino),
Supo
( ipo),V. n. to marry a widow.
SuRi^,adj.small (appliedto heaps). Ebe

diarrhoea.

SuNo

"

"

suru,

"

A small

hillock."

Sltru,adj.large(appliedto the tail of

turkey,or
Susu, adv.
V.

Run,

to

a
a

to

bunch

peacock, cock,

of any

thing).
utterly,
great degree, greatly,
{qualifying
destroy),
"

greatlyexcited."
utterlydestroyedthe
was

"

Ino

ru

Nwon

mi
run

susu,

"

My passion

illu nasusu,

"They

town."
T.

T \, inter.jpron. W

Ta,

v.

a.

hot

"

Ta

to kick ; burn

ni

nse

behe ? "Who

is doingso?"

smartly (as pepper);

shoot

at ;

shed ; shine upon.

sting; open a boil ; spill,
T x followed
by Ire, v. a. to imprecateevil upon.
Laiya
v. a. to strike the breast,
(ni-aiya),
oppose,
268

be

contrary to.

"

Afefe

ta okko

TAN

lighta lamp or torch, shine

deceive, decoy ; spread,scatter.

Tan,

v.

Tan,

to be

n.

v.

ba

to

n.

to be

n.

v.

Tan,

and

a.

done,

cease,

related

to.

"

iwo

re,

with

be at

ba

related

neither

am

iwo

ko

in friendship

you."
fruit is used

tanninghides.'
? m^^r.p'ow. who

Tani

tan, emi

to, nor

of a bird.
Tangala, s. name
Tangiri, Tagiri, s. a running plant,whose
in

entice,

end.

an

ko

Emi

"

Tan-je,

v.

to

a.

? whom?

deceive, entice.

at.
to look sternly
v. a.
(tan-oju),
Tantan, adv. violently
v.
Na,
{qiiaUfying

Tanju

Emi

na

mi

esse

'^

tantan,

I stretched

to

stretch).
"

legsto

my

their

full extent."

Tantasi,

s.

in the
Tapa

the

to appear

ara),v.

"

Tar

the

hasty,be

be

to

n.

gravel clay, used

s.

A,

(as

ear

of Indian

corn

stalk).

Tara

bear

to kick.

"

on

and

hole,

same

v. a.
(ta-ipa),
( ipe),v. n.

Tape

but left to
grow

pulledup,

not

yam

in

too

cerned.
anxiouslycon-

to
giving solidity

mud

floors.
adv.

"^1
ARA,

straightforward.

v. a.
(ta-ori),
( ase),v. n.

Tari
Tase

to

"

Tase

( ase),v.
Taso
( aso),V.
reels).
"

Tassa,

s.

pan,

Tasse

Tayo,

Taw^o

"

270

imprecateevil

to

a.

to arrange

upon,

(thewoof

ther.
ano-

curse.

on

pins from

the

pewter plate.

v.
esse),

warry.
adv. on

or
push violently
headlong.
fail,miss the mark, miss one

n.

"

Te,

to

a.

to

kick, kick

( ayo),v.
"

the

very

n.

to

with

play

the

the foot.
game

called

the

verbs signifying
to
top {qualifying

TE

upon). Eiye ba le ori iggi t^,"The

bird sits righton the top of the tree."
spect.
Te, v. a. to worship,adore ; rear ; indulge,fondle,reti
-'Orisa ti akeke ti ko gb'ike,orisa ti atete
ni igbe, The
ko gbite,oju popo
god who would
i^
be pleased,
not
when
they tried to please it,the god
when
be propitiated,
who
would
not
they tried to
in the hightake up his abode
way."
propitiateit, must
put

rest

or

"

"

"

Teatre,
Tede,

theatre.
(Gi'.)

s.

s.

of

kind

destructive

parrot very

to

Indian

corn.
.

Tefe-tefe, adv. the whole, entirely.

care
V. a. to take
of,mind, have the
(to-oju),
oversightof.
Temi
of me,
mine.
(ti-emi),
^;?"o"^.
Tete, adv. soon, quickly,first,in the first place. Ise
temi ni ki atete kose, My w"ork is to be done first."
with a quick pace.
Ommode
tete
nsure
Tete, adv. fast,
child is running fast on the highli oju opopo,
The
way."

Teju, Toju

"

"

"

"

Tete,

5,

leg (ofa goat

from

such

called

animal

an

Ipa).
"

Ewure

inferior

other

or

(that of

yan

mi

animal);

man

or

ni tete, "A

kick

horse

is

goat kicked

me.

Te, adj.and

v.

n.

to

to

come

disgrace;

be

level,be flat ;

be tasteless,be

insipid.
Te, v. a. to beat,outdo ; lay,place gentlyon.
Te followedhy L0R9N (ni-oron),
to make
v.
a.
be satisfied
Te

v.

Te

with, satisfy.

trample,tread ; bend ; castrate.

to bend
v. a.
followedhi/Balle (ba-ille),
a.

level

to

Id6, Tedo,

v.

to

n.

encamp

down.
;

form

an

establishment.
Lesse

v.
(esse),

givea
271

hint.

a.

to

inform

privately,

TE

t". a.
(mo-iile),

hi)Molle
T\folloived

to

foot, tread upon.

Na, adv. already. Iwo

te de na,

"

Ri, V.
Tebere,

\\

Tegun,

-y.w.

TEI11NB9RUN,s.
Teiiinghesa,
Teju

s.

of

name

lay wait.

tree.

crust.

n.
(te-oju),
( mo),

Tejumo

low.

set in battle array,

to

put under, hide.

suppress,

level, make

to make

a.

to

a.

Are

"

already?"

come

you

trampleunder

"

a.

to be

V.

a.

flat,level.

to fasten

the

eye

look

upon,

nestly,
ear-

attend to.

Tele,

v.

to follow.

a.

saju,sugbon

Mase

"

before,but follow
to tread
v.n.
(te-ille),

not

"

ri,

"

beforehand

knew

We

v.
(te-ennu-mo),

Tennumo

Tentere,

of

s. name

the

on

ti

previously.Awa

"

won,

Do

them."

go

Telle

tele

a.

ground ; adv.
behe

telle,pe

mo

that

so

it would

hand,
beforeni

yio

be."

to affirm.

carnivorous

bird.

(ti-enyin),
poss. pron. yours.
Teriba
to stoop, bow
the
v. n.
(te-ori-ba),
ground.
seller of
Teruteru
s. slave-dealer,
(ta-eru),

Tenyin

Tete,

s.

Tete,

s.

s.

of
species

slaves.

"

to be

held

(used as cough-medicine).

cane

Tetere, adv. carelessly.Aki

is not

the

to

of chance.

game
herb.

Tete-Egun,

head

imu

ibon

tetere, " A

gun

carelessly."

Tetu, s. executioner.
adj. acceptable,approved,
TEW9GBA (te-9wo-gba),
V.

Ti, V.

a.

lose

to

a.

to take

thump,

strike

wi

mo

has
272

in hand.
with

heavy

substance

fade,

colour.

Ti, r el, pron. who, whom,

ri ti

ceived.
re-

ti

which, the

pada de,

returned."

"

The

one
man

which.
whom

"

OkonI

tioned
men-

TI

Ti, conj.yet.

Emi

"

Ti, V.

I do not go
support, cast, push, shine

to prop,

a.

Ti illekiin ki

"

ko ti ib,

to

"

jade,

Lock

"

Ma
ti ommode
se
you go out."
to fall)."
the child down
(lit.

followedby Saju,

v.

to

a.

"

adv.

Ti,

Do

not

not

ille ti,

"

the

door
Do

"

before

push

not

fore.
put forward, place be-

Ti, 'prej).against,
at, to, with, by,

mi,

fasten,lock,

subu,

"

Ti

yet."

near.

Ma

"

duro

se

ti

stand

by me."
Babba
(denotingfailure,inability).

k9

"

able

father is not

My

finish the

to

building."
heavily,vehemently, with

house, or

fails in

Ti, adv.

Ti, aux.
"

gone." Eyi

have

"

v.

to

n.

gnaw.

pari,

ti

"

Orun

"

me."

overpowers

been.

have, have

v.

We

smell

i\,"The

bi lu mi

na

great force.

This

"

Awa

has

ti

been

to.
Ti, prep, signof the possessive
case, of,belonging

ti 'wa
"

"

wo,

is not

This

T\,prep.from.
come

Ti, adv.

"

Iwe

ti emi

ko

complished."
ac-

Ille

'yi,

book."

Bi iwo

"

ti ti ibe de m,

place."
Eyi ti ri?

"You

have

just

the

from
how

my

fell."

house

Our

"

lo,

?"

is this ?"

How

"

charm

book, letter.
TiAN, TiANTiAN, adj.distant,long. Oniye ni iranti ojo
the comtian tian, Long as the time is,it is within
pass
has number
in remembrance)."
of memory
(Jit.
TiA, TiRA,

Mahommedan

s.

"

"

abundantly, profusely, plentifully

tiantian,
v.
fo, to fly). Eiye fo soke
{qualifying
bird flew up to a very great height."
"The
adv.

TiAN-TiAN,

"

Tiantian,

s.

bird

so

called from

TiBAYi, dem. pron. the

its cry.

yonder.

one

to blush, be ashamed.
V. n.
(ti-oju),
TiKARARE
belonging
reflect,
(ti-ika-ara-re),
pron. thyself,
to thyself
to himself.
TiKARARE,
reflect,
p'on. himself,belonging

Tiju

273

TIK

TiKO, adv. heavily,

reluctantly.
unwillingly,
TiLLE, couj.
even,

though,although. Bi awa
wa,
Though we should
"

ki ni

yio

could

he do to us?"

se

ko

"

go, what

not

adhesively.
TiM0-TiM9,adv. closely,
cushion.
TiMTiM, s. pillow,
TiNABo
to kindle,set on
fire.
v. a.
(te-ina-bo),
adv. with the heart,
Ting, Tinotino
(ti-ino),
heart,heartily,p-ep. within.
Tiui, V.

against,
oppositeto.
^r"?;9.once
TiRiNMOLLE
to stand
v. n.
(ti-irin-mo-ille),

Ti

from

the

stoop, to look downwards.

to

n.

tille lo

HI-SI,

Tiro

v. n.
(ti-iro),
high object.

stand

to

on

firm.

so
tiptoe,

as

reach

to

TiROTiRo, adv. with consideration,advisedly.

TiSA

adj.foremost,former,
(ti-isaju),

ju

a.

ward
put for-

to

foremost.

or

? 2)ro)i.whose

TiTANi

v.

adj.that which is to be trampled upon or

castrated ; trampled,castrated.
ever.
TiTi,conj.until,till.adv. continually,
verbs of shaking or
TiTi, adv. tremulously,{qiialifymg
earth
quaking of the earth). lUe mi titi,"The
quaked violently."

TiTE,

s.

and

"

TiTi-LAi, adv. until

ever

; never.

direct,
Tito, adj.straight,

s.

T1T9N,TiTTON, adj.young,

fresh,new.

Tiwa, Taw a, poss.

TiwoN, 2^oss.pron.
TiwoNwoN,

s.

wart

hun

emi

is to be

ened.
straight-

pron. ours.
theirs.
of

; name

To, ToTo, ToTOHUN, adv.

wdien

that which

bird.

(emphatical,used only
Tototransgressor promises amendment).
never

"

ko

se

behe

"

mo,

Never

never

will I do

so

again."
To,

V.

u.

274

to be

reach
enough,be sufficient,be capacious,
1

at.

TO
the
(expressing

sound

of

dropping).
water
Omi nkan to,to,to, "The
drop,drop."
goes drop,
; be
To, V. n. to stand in a line, muster, place in rows
restored (asa broken limb).
of satisfaction,
used mostlyby
To, adv. well (expressive
Mahommedans)
To,

adv.

manner

or

"

degree,insomuch, in such wise.

ToBi, adj.and v. n. to be big,great, supreme.
ToBiJu, adj.and v.n. to be biggerthan,largerthan.
ToBiJULo, adj.biggest,
largest.
ToBEHE, adv.

ToBi,

to such

napkin,wrapper.

s.

Tobi-Inowo,

s.

Togbe,

v.

n.

ToGBo,

s.

name

ToLOTOLO,

to

towel.

slumber, doze.
of

forest bird.

turkey.
Tojubo, v. n. to plunge the
ToNiTONi, adv. cleanly.
s.

into,look into,view.

eye

ToNiTONi, Teniteni, couj until

.

ToNTORo,

now.

a
little,
a^. {used respecting
liquids)
; a very
small drop. Bu omi tontoro
si obbe,
Pour a
drop of water into the sauce."
"

very
small
Tori

"

v. n.
(to-ori),

Tori-Oju,
ToRO,

s.

n.

v.

to

of

name

to

fall to one's share.

satiate.
satisfy,
a

kind

country coat, used

of rat,noted

as

an

upper

garment.

(asdirtywater) ; be still,be at
be at peace,
be tranquil.Ule toro, or Aiye
*'The country is at peace."
To-si,s. neighbourhood,nearness, proximity.
ToTO, adv. clearly,
serenely.

ToRo,

V.

n.

to settle

rest,
toro,

"

ToTO

! ToTOiiuN

gods

or

! adv.

word

superiorpower,

of

for fatness ; kind

of humiliation

before

denotingsubmission

the
and

to do so
more.
repentance, and a promise never
ToTo, adv. {qualifying
Fe, to distort the face),very.

Gbogbo
faces ;"
275

oju toto, They all distort

phrase describingthe expressionof

won
a

fe

"

"

their
coun-

TOT
assumed

tenance

imposed upon

who

have

laborious

task

See Fe.

them.

adv.
(ti-oti-to),

ToTo

those

by
of

truth,in truth,truly.

to be of equal value,
v. w.
ac^.meritorious.
(to-iye),
TovETovE
(ti-oye),
adj.with observation, considerately,

ToYE

discreetly.
To,

V.

a.

correct,bringup, educate

to

trouble

annoy,

To, adj.andv.
durable

n.

touch

to be

splitinto
bonnets).
To

To,

V.

n.

to make

To,

V.

a.

to

enrage.

straight,
right,true ;
small slips
(as straw

folloived
hy EJ9, v.
Wo,

V.

a.
a.

to

trace
settle,

long ;

be

for hats

or

matter.

water.

follow, go to, resort

toho," Well

seun

be

to taste.

to.

Toiio, adv. expressionof praiseto

O

; direct ; straighten
;

younger

person.

"

done, lad."

to take care
of,watch, see after.
v.a.
(to-oju),
ToKKANTOKKAN
adv. with the soul,heartily.
(ti-okkau),
to steer,guidea ship,
Tokko, (to-9kko),
v.a.
canoe, or boat.
more
press
Ton, adv. again,once
(used in compositionto exrepetition).
1lCm followedhy Gbe, v. a. to take again,resume.
Ka, v.a. to count again,repeat.
Mu, V. a. to hold again.
So, Wi, V. a. to say over
again.
Wo, V. a. to look again,review.

To.iu,Teju

the road ;
to take the lead,go on
v. n.
(to-onna),
follow,trace the path.
to trace, follow a track
or
v. a.
(t9-ipa),
T9PA, ToPAssE
footstep.
Tore
See "\ followed
v.
hy Tore.
(ta-9re),
ask a loan.
ToRo, V. a. to borrow, beg of,petition,
ToRDN
adj.of or from heaven, heavenly.
(ti-orun),

ToNNA

TossE,

V.

a.

to trace

out.

T9TT9, adj.whole, complete.

276

TUT
cold ; cool ; meek,

adj. green ; raw, wet, damp,

quiet;fresh (opposed to salt).

Tutu,

U.

U,

])7'on.3d pets.

'pers.

sing,ohjec.
case, him, her, it

(iised

eiqyJtonicallij
afterverbs commencing tvith the vowel u.
le itu u,
mi tobi, emi ko
See O)." Okko
"My
unable to navigateit."
is large; I am
canoe
W.

Wa,

v.

for,search

to seek

a.

WkfoUoived
hy Idi,Wadi,
KiRi,

Wa,

v.

be, exist

to

n.

V.

a.

divide,share.

v.

V^XfoUoivedhy Laiya,

v.

a.

nation.
close exami-

about, search

to seek

for.

boat.

dig ; pulla

make

to

a.

strengthen,encourage,

to

embolden.
'

contr.fromAwa

Wa, Wa,

2?row.

Wa,

to come,

v.

Wad!

n.

v.
(wa-idi),

Wagi,

s.

shake, tremble.

into,scrutinize.

to examine

hurriedly,
takingno time.
(rock salt)
; soda.
parcelof Kaniiun

butter.

s.

Wagun

adv.

Waduwadu,
Waga,

towards

move
7i.

; us.

(wa-ogun),v.

Waiialla,

s.

n.

to set in battle array.

trouble, affliction.

Waiiari, s. female
Wai
or
Wayi, adv.
Wain

{Eng.),s.

Waji,

s.

slave taken

for

wife.

at this time.

now,

wine.

Waju,

dye, blue stain from dyed

Iwaju, s. face, front,forehead.

Wajo,

v.

blue

a.

to

settle

matter,

cloth.

search

into

cream,

cheese.

matter

avenge.

Wakasi, Warakasi,

s.

sour

milk,

Wakati, s. time,hour, period of time.

Wala, s. a board used for writingon by
dans.
278

the Mahomme-

WOH
WoiiiN

v.n,
(vvo-ehin),

hunch

from

the

on

back,have

back.

Wallami,
Walle

to be crooked

paddle.
to be sober, recover
oneself (as
v. n.
(wa-ille),
drunkenness). Oju re walle wai, "You
are
s.

oar,

"

sober."

now

Walle,

dig the ground.

Wanran-wanran, adv. foolishly,
irregularly.
Wapa, Warapa, s. epilepsy.
v.

to

a.

Wapakan

i?. n.
(w^o-apa-kan),

Wara,

s.

Wari,

shower.

s.

Hari,

blink, look sidelong.

cheese.

cream,

Wara-^Ojo,

to

v.

a.

share, divide

to

do

homage

the

neck.

to

king,worship.
Wa-riri,
Waronki

enia

tremble

greatly.
to stiffen
v. n.
(wa-oron-ki),

v.

ni

n.

to

iwaron

ki le

kakaraka,

"

"

Agidi

haughty person

stiffens his neck."

Haha, s, the leaf of Indian or Guinea corn.

(wa-owo),V. n. to cease
raining,
cease, abate.

Wawa,
Wawo

Wayi, Wai, adv. now, at this

to a
Waya-'Ija, v.n. to come
We, v.n. to twist,curl ; wean
WifoIIoived hy Po, v. n. to
Wele,

adv.

close contest;
a

of leaves

Afefe

oko

wele,

and

twist

"

grass
The wind

struggle.

child.
or

with lively
motion
lively,

motion
se

time.

at

makes

curl round.
of the
(expressive
gentlebreeze).
"

the grass rustle."

foolish.
adj.silly,
Were, adv. with a quick livelymotion.
Werew^ere, adv. nimbly,quickly.
Werepe, Wepe, s. running plant like a bean, bearinga
hairypod which stingsthe hand when touched.
We, adj.and v. n. to be fine (appliedto grainsor fibre).

Were,

"

Owu, ti mo

ra

we,

"

The

cotton

which

fine."

We,

v.

n.

279

to

sport (aswife and husband)-

purchased is

WE

We,

v.

to criisli grain

a.

grind,masticate,smash.

; to

ehin

ko le iwe,

v.

and

a.

swim

to

n.

adorn
We

It is as

"

le

tion)
by masticabi oju eja ti

as

wash

"

or

the eye of
break."

hard

the teeth cannot

fish,which
We,

mills

by
(either

the

(smoked)

rate,
body ; dress,deco-

; cleanse.

followedbi/No,

v.

Lewa

a.

off,purify,cleanse.

wash

to

(ni-ewa),v.

to castrate.

a.

Weno, v. a. to wash, cleanse.

cleanse thoroughly; sanctify.
We-no-mo, v. a. to purify,
small, dwarf.
Werewere, Wewe, aclj.
Were, adj.small-sized.
Wi, V. n. to say, speak, tell. ^Wi kan fun mi ki nri wi
"

ba

nigbatimo

ille,"Tell

de

repeat it when

may

I reach

me

thing that

one

home."

Wifolloived
hy Fu, v. a. to tell to.
Wi, V. a. to burn the hair slightly,
singe.
Wijo

V. n. to complain.
(wi-eJ9),
WiKiRi, V. a. to publishabout.
WiLTKi, Sr leather worn
by males.

Win,

V, n.

ow6
^

win,

more

lend

to
"

from.

to ; borrow

borrower

The

who

Awin

"

does

not

isan
pay

ko

"

Our

house

gets

ri
no

lent him."

money

next
the body.
WIndi, s. inner coat worn
WiNHiN, adj.near, approximate. Ille vva
"

ko

is not

winrin,

near."

WiRnviRi,"6/i5.hastily,
hurriedly. Ju

"Take
vvirivviri,

"

it up quickly."
WiRiw
iri-Alle,s. evening,dusk.

WiwA,

s.

of

coming.

WiwE,

adj.w^ashed.

See We.

the act

See Iwa.

See Wo.
Wiwo, adj.crooked.
Wiwo, adj.puttingon, enteringin.
Wiwu, s. abscess, swelling.

Wo,

V.

a.

to fell

structure,

280

v.

a
n.

tree, break
to

down

fall down

walls

(as

or

any

tree);

upright

fall

(as a

wo

horse

any
father's horse

W6

babba

largeanimal). Esin
fell ;" (i.
e. is dead).

or

"

hy Balle, Lulle, Palle,

folloived

v.

"

wo,

to

a.

My

break

down.

Wo,

behold, visit,see ; take

sick person,
v. n. to look, appear.

V.
a

Wo

Wo,

look here

To

"

to

a.

to look

with

JiNA, V.

n.

to heal

Last

"

WoDU,

V.

WoL?,

s.

to doze.

Li

"

nightI
n.

anna

oru

neither

sleptnor

wound

emi

ko

sun

glance.
sore.

or

emi

ko

wo,

dozed."

dark, blacken,

to grow

wohun,

there."

and

a.

n.

Wohin

"

folloived
bi/Firi, v.

V.

of, attend

care

assume

dark

pearance.
ap-

{Haussa) prophet.

to fall with the face to the ground

v, n.
(wo-ille),
(throughfear or reverence); worship.
from
WoLUHA, s. family prayer
(expressionborrowed

Wolle

Mahommedans).

the

to see, sight; indulge the sense

v. n.
(wo-iran),
of seeing.
WoRO, 5. grain.
Wove
take notice,perceive.
look out,observe,
(wo-oye),s.to
Wo, X). a. to drag,pullalong.

WoRAN

Wo,

to be

v.n.

Iwo,

s.

Wiwo,

Wo,

from

crookedness.

to

the

set

skin);

followedhy

the

(as

clothes ; hollow
Wh

bent.

adj.crooked.

n.

V.

crooked,be

roost
;

be

Loron

sun) ; disappear(as pimples

(asfowls)
; go in, enter ; put on

be
suitable,

convenient.

v. a.
(ni-oron),

to press down

(as

heavy burden).

Wobia
tan o
greediness,lasciviousness.
yo
The gluttonhaving eaten to the full
pe egbe re wa,
calls his companions also
(inthe house of a friend),
house," instead of beingsatisfied
to come
(tothe same
he has received).
with the hospitality

WoBFA,

s.

"

"

281

2o

WOK
WoKKo

(wo-okko),V. n. to embark, enter into a ship.

WoLLE
into the ground, sink
to
enter
V. w.
(wo-ille),
down
into the ground.
Won, adj.and v. n. to be dear, be scarce, not common.
Won, v. a. to catch a thingthrown from a distance; wean;
sprinkle.
Won,

v.7i.io

adire

knit; blame,

weave,

bi iti

kolokolo

won

the fowls

which

vengeance

imprecateon
Wgs,

pers. pron.

Won,

v.

fi

mo

won

"The

o,

the

imprecateon

Owon

"

fox, do

you."
obj.case,

{contr.from Awon,

them

weigh ;

to measure,

a.

ni

retaliate.

they).

pick olF,aim

prune,

at.

Wonni, dem.pron. those.

WoNo

to enter
v. n.
(w9-ino),
to weave
v. a.
W0NS9 (won-aso),
Wo'SY I, dem.pron.these.

WoRiN,

V.

W0R9WORO, Wowo,
The

"

W9ro,

Woso-woso,
"

"

"

"

"

"

adv.

n. to

of

5. name

Omi

v. Lo).
{qualifying
is only lukewarm."

water

V.
W9S0 (w9-aso),

clothes.

nails.

to make

a.

in.

"

put
a

on

lo wor9-

clothes.

bird.

W9-T1,V. n. to draw aside,sit by.

W9W9, s. copious.
Wu, WuNi, V. a. to please,give pleasure. ^"Iwa re wu
mi
conduct
exceedgidigidi, Your
pleases me
"

''

/ngiy."
Wu,

V.

up

n.

to swell

; look

gloomy

increase,multiply; stir

the sediment.

maid.
WuNDiA, Ommodan, s. virgin,
WuRA, s. gold. Enniti o m9 wura
"

should

be

sold to him

WuRE

who

li

knows

ita

fun,

the value

"

of it."

from
to wish a blessingupon
v. n.
(wu-ire),
gods,imploreblessings
; censure.
in a
adv. higgledy-piggledy,
WuRu-wuRu,
Wuwu,
mass.

Wuwo,
282

adj.heavy,dull.

Gold

the

fused
con-

yA

Y.

Ya, a^. andv. w.

Ya, v. a. to hold

to be in

haste,be quick,soon, early.

in pawn
; purchasean image to worship.
Mo ri ere mejiti iwo ya l9ddo gbenagbena, I saw
the two imagesyou purchasedfrom the image maker."
"

"

Y k

followedby Ere, v. a. to make

Ibeji,Yabeji, v.
of the

NiHA, V.

god
a.

an
n.

to

image.
purchase images

of twins.

to

sistent
incon-

by

vex

or

annoy

conduct.

Ya,

to

n.

v.

the

warm

oneself

(at

the

or
fire,

in the

rays of

sun).

YkyV-ti.to giveway.
out

way

"

Ya

fun

mi

kuro

"Give

of the road."

Ykfollowed hy Ahanna, Yahanna,

and

li onna,

become

v.aAo

wild

obstinate.

\k,v.a.

to

separate; comb;

Ya,

to

tear,rend, pluck Indian

i;. a.

adjust;divide.
corn,

break

off.

See

Agbada.

Yabode

to
v. n.
(ya-ibi-ode),
enteringthrough the custom

smuggle goods,

avoid

house.

to be childless,barren.
"y. n,
(ya-agan),
v. n. to evacuate.
(ya-igbe),
overforward.
adj.officious,
(ya-oju),

Yagan
Yagbe
Yaju

Yalla,

cory. whether.

Yamyam,

se
fiijali aili
musquito,sandfly. Yamyam
The
musquito makes a bold attempt, without
apa,
arms) to accomplish it." The buzzing of
(/iV.
power
the musquito is supposed to resemble
the word
Gbe,
To carry away."
Yan, i;. n. to gape, yawn, neigh,kick.
Ykn, followed
hy Nitete, v. a. to kick.
Yan, v. a. to choose,select take any thingfrom a larger
s.

"

'*

(/

"

number
re,

"

283

The

without
load

choice.
is

heavy

"

Eru

put

po, yan
some

on

die sille nino

the

ground."

YAN
Orun
Yan, adv. brilliantly.

boju yan,

"

"

The

shines

sun

brilliantly."
Ya^ followed"y Niposi

to contemn,
v. a.
(ni-ipo-si),
despise.
Owe, Yanwe
(yan-iwe),v. n. to be
protuberant(likea young bird).
make
oneself
Yan, v.n. to walk proudly,walk leisurely,
of greatimportance.
Yan, v. a. to bake, fry,parch.
oneself at the fire.
Yana
v. n. to warm
(ya-ina),

Yangan,
Yangi,

5.

Indian

corn.

red soft stone

s.

(commonly

for

used

buildingin

Leone).
Yangidj, s. package of money.
Sierra

Yaniiun,

cat ;

s.

v.

threaten, promisehostility.

to

n.

adj.fair,beautiful.

Yanju,
Yankoto,
Yanna

v. a.
(ya-onna),

Yanuan,

be

to

n.

v.

The

"

Yanrin,

s.

giveway,

to

avoid.

not easilycorrected
tenacious,

adv.

Yanranyanran,
yanran,

herb.

esculent

s. an

sun

disease

vised.
ad-

or

Orun
nran
brilliantly.
yanranis shiningbrilliantly."
in fowls,generallyaffecting
their
"

mouth.

Yanr\n,

s.

sand.

Yanrin-Yiyinrin,

Yanrin-Mimi,

s.

quicksand; {lit.
yielding

sand).
Yanrin,

s. name

Yanyan,

adv.

illu

na

of

herb

similar to

cabbage.

entirely,
completely,to
yanyan,

"War

atoms.

destroys

the

fo

Ogun

"

town

tirely."
en-

Yanyan, adv. roughly,unevenly,not smoothly.

Ya-odi-yadi,v.

n.

to be

deaf and

dumb.

n.io
turn
v.
divide,be different,
(ya-ipa),
path,err, stray.

Yapa

Yara,

s.

284

trench

behind

fortification.

to

ther
ano-

YIG

YigbI,adj.and

v. n.

dull,slow, heavy,(appliedto

to be

hearingor believing).
YiGi, IvjGi,s. marriage,(a word
hommedans).

adopted

from

the Ma-

of respect (suchas is
to make
a mark
v. n.
(yi-ika),
encircle.
adoptedby females); surround, encompass,
; lay eggs.
Yin, v. n. to move, shake slightly

YiKA

Yin,

v.

Aso

attention,attract

to attract

a.

yin

na

mi

cloth

loju,"The

desires.

covetous

attracts

my

"

atten-

tion.

admire
praise,
; fire a gun.
to praise,
glorify.
YiTSifoUoived
v.
a.
bi/Loco
(ni-ogo),
fire at,
to
NiBON
a.
v.
(ni-ibon),

Yin,

v.

to

a.

shoot.
v. n.
YiNBpN (yin-ibon),
YiNFiN
to
v.n.
( ofin),

to fire

break

"

gun.

the

law, transgress.

hailstone.

YiNYiN, s.
Yio,

future,shall,will; defect,must.

aux.

Yi-PADA, v.

a.

to turn

be converted

from

one

thing to

another; incline towards.

Yi-po,

Yi

followedhy Po,

v.

n.

to

pervert,

turn

to

the

contrary.

YiVAN, adj.and s. that which

YiYAN, adj.fried,
parched.
YivE,

s.

that

causes

let

is

chosen,picked out.

hindrance, failure in pointof

or

time.

Yivo, adj.and.
Y6,

V. n.

to be

s.

that which

be
full,

Yo, adv. deeply red.

"

satisfied with
Aso

na

melted, melted.

is to be

be yo,

food.
"

The

cloth is deeply

red."

Yo,

adv.

Yo,

melt; slipoff; walk

followedby Se, Yose, v.n.
to

v.n.

Yo

Yo,

{Haiissa)well, very good (a

be glad,be
rejoice,
be viscous.
slippery,

v.n.

be

286

to

word

of

tion).
approba-

gently;go by stealth.
to do by stealth.
slide,
glide;
slip,
merry;

YO

Y9, V.

a.

V. n.

out
j)ull
slipout

to
to

deliver from

(as the
appear
sword from the

(asa knife or
followed
by Lohun

out

Yo

dischargefrom duty.
new

moon)

draw

sheath).

v. a.
(ni-ohun),

to seek

to

ensnare

in conversation.

Lennu,

v.
(ni-ennu),

a.

to

harass,annoy,

vex.

SuTi,v.w.

to express
out

Yoju

to
v.n.
(y9-oju),
distinguished.

Yoju-Opollo,
YoN,

Hon,

show

Indian

s.

to

v. a.

the

lips;

the

ing
contempt by drawderide.

face; be

prominent

in flower.

corn

itch, be irritable (as any

cutaneous

disorder).
Yon, adv. precipitately
(describingthe noise
The
by a fall).Okuta b9 si ino ogbon yon,
fell precipitately
into the deep."
A
YoN, adv. in a swarm.
^"Qpo enia nto 9 yon,
is following
you in a swarm."
YoN, V. a. to cut, saw rightoff.
Y9NM9TTI, s. a kind of oilyplant.
the mouth;
to wash
v. a.
v. n.
Y9NNU (y9-ennu),
"

"

"

"

troublesome.

Mo

"

bu

s.

name

YoRO, Iyoro,

Y9Y9, 5.
many

of

stone

tude
multi-

to

be

li odo, " I took

yonnu
in the brook."
my mouth
for washing horses.
the

head, be prominent.

bird.

louse found

s.

caused

omi

(some)water and washed

Y9NY9N, Akeri, s. plantused
YoRi (yo-ori),
v. n. to rise high, show
YoRi,

or

fowls.

on

Adire ol9mmo y9yo, " A hen which has

group.
chickens."
The milky way is called 01omm9
"

y9y9^

YuN,

V.

n.

to

go ; be

pregnant.

"

go.
THE

287

END.

Emi

ko yun,

"

I do not

Vw/

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