Section

Defect

Acceptance

9.3

Radio Graphic Testing

Note: All densities reffered to in 9.3.1 through 9.3.13 are based on negative images

9.3.1

Inadequate
a. The length of an individual indications of IP not exceeds 1in. (25mm)
Penetration
b. The aggregate length of indications of IP in any continuous 12in. (300m
without High-low 1in.(25mm)
c. The aggregate length of indications of IP not exceeds 8% of the weld le
(300mm) in length

9.3.2

Inadequate
Penetration Due
to High-low

9.3.3

Inadequate Cross a. The length of an individual indications of ICP not exceeds 2in. (50mm)
Penetration
b. The aggregate length of indications of IPD in any continuous 12in. (300
2in.(50mm)

9.3.4

Incomplete
fusion

a. The length of an individual indication of IF not exceeds 1in. (25mm).

b. The aggregate length of indications of IF in any continuous 12in. (300m
1in. (25mm)
c. The aggregate length of indications of IF not exceeds 8% of the weld le
(300mm) in length

9.3.5

Incomplete
fusion Due to
Cold Lap

a. The length of an individual indications of IFD not exceeds 2in. (50mm)

b. The aggregate length of indications of IFD in any continuous 12in. 300
2in. (50mm)
c. The aggregate length of indications of IFD not exceeds 8% of the weld

9.3.6

Internal
Concavity

Any length of concavity is acceptable, provided the density of the radiog

concavity does not exceed that of the thinnest adjacent parent material,
then applicable.

9.3.7

Burn Through

a. The maximum dimension not exceeds 1/4 in. (6 mm) and the density in
not exceeds that of the thinnest adjacent parent material.
b. The maximum dimension not exceeds the thinner of the nominal wall
density in any portion of the BTs image not exceeds that of the thinn
c. The sum of the maximum dimensions of separate BTs whose ima
BTs not exceeds that of the thinnest adjacent parent material and not exc
continuous 12 in. (300 mm) length of weld or the total weld length, which

a. The length of an individual indications of IPD not exceeds 2in. (50mm)

b. The aggregate length of indications of IPD in any continuous 12in. (300
3in.(75mm)

9.3.8

Slag Inclusions

Pipe outside dia 2.375in. (60.3mm) and above

a. Length of ESI Indications not exceed 2in. (50mm),
b. Aggregate length of ESI indications in any continuous 12in.(300mm) le
(50mm)
c. Width of ESI indications not exceed 1/16in.(1.6mm)
d. Aggregate length of ISI indications in any continuous 12in.(300mm) len
(13mm)
e. Width of ISI indications not exceed 1/8in.(3mm)
f. More than four ISI indications with the max. width of 1/8in.(3mm) are no
(300mm).
g. Aggregate length of ESI & ISI indications not exceed 8% of the weld le
Pipe outside dia Less than 2.375in. (60.3mm)
a. Length of ESI Indications not exceed three times the thinner of the nom
b. Width of ESI indications not exceed 1/16in.(1.6mm)
c. Aggregate length of ISI indications not exceed two times the thinner of
joinned and the width exceeds one-half the thinner of the nominal wall th
d. Aggregate length of ESI & ISI indications not exceed 8% of the weld le

9.3.9.2

Individual or
scattered
porosity (P)

a. The size of an individual pore not exceeds 1/8 in. (3 mm).

b. The size of an individual pore not exceeds 25% of the thinner of the no
c. The distribution of scattered porosity exceeds the concentration perm
25 to 26)

9.3.9.3

Cluster porosity
(CP)

a. The diameter of the cluster not exceeds 1/2 in. (13 mm).
b. The aggregate length of CP in any continuous 12 in. (300
mm) length of weld not exceeds 1/2 in. (13 mm).

9.3.9.4

Hollow-bead
porosity (HB)

a. The length of an individual indication of HB not exceeds 1/2 in. (13 mm

b. The aggregate length of indications of HB in any continuous 12 in. (30
exceeds 2 in. (50 mm).
c. Individual indications of HB, each not greater than 1/4 in.(6 mm) i
less than 2 in. (50 mm).
d. The aggregate length of all indications of HB not exceeds 8% of the w

9.3.10

Crack

a. The crack, of any size or location in the weld, is not acceptable.

b. The crack is a shallow crater crack or star crack with a length t
Note: Shallow crater cracks or star cracks are located at the stopping po
result of weld metal contractions during solidication.

9.3.11

Under Cutting

a. The aggregate length of indications of EU and IU, in any combination,

mm) length of weld exceeds 2 in. (50 mm).
b. The aggregate length of indications of EU and IU, in any combination,
length.
Note: See 9.7 for acceptance standards for undercutting when visual and
employed.

9.3.12

Accumulation of a. The aggregate length of indications in any continuous 12 in. (300 mm)
Imperfections
(50 mm).
b. The aggregate length of indications not exceeds 8% of the weld l

9.4
9.4.2

MAGNETIC PARTICLE TESTING

a. Linear indications evaluated as crater cracks or star cracks not excee
b. Linear indications are evaluated as cracks not acceptable other than c
cracks or star cracks.
c. Linear indications are evaluated as IF and not exceed 1 in. (25 m
continuous 12 in. (300 mm) length of weld or 8% of the weld length.

Rounded indications shall be evaluated according to the criteria

applicable. For evaluation purposes, the maximum dimension of a ro
considered its size.
Note: When doubt exists about the type of imperfection being disclosed by an indication, verication may be obtained by using other
nondestructive testing methods.
9.5
9.5.2

LIQUID PENETRANT TESTING

a. Linear indications are evaluated as crater cracks or star cracks a
length.
b. Linear indications are evaluated as cracks not acceptable, other than
c. Linear indications are evaluated as IF and not exceed 1 in. (25 m
continuous 12 in. (300 mm) length of weld or 8% of the weld length.

Rounded indications shall be evaluated according to the criteri

applicable. For evaluation purposes, the maximum dimension of a ro
considered its size.
Note: When doubt exists about the type of imperfection being disclosed by an indication, verication may be obtained by using other
nondestructive testing methods.

9.6
9.6.2.1

ULTRASONIC TESTING
a. Indications not determined to be cracks (C).
b. Individual indications with a vertical height (through-wall) dimension
than one quarter of the wall thickness.
c. Multiple indications at the same circumferential location with a summ
wall) dimension not exceeding one half the wall thickness.

9.6.2.2

a. The aggregate length of LS indications in any continuous 12 in. (300 m

in. (25 mm).
b. The aggregate length of LS Indications not exceeds 8% of the weld len

9.6.2.3

a. The aggregate length of LB indications in any continuous 12 in. (300 m

in. (50 mm).
b. The aggregate length of LB indications not exceeds 8% of the weld le

9.6.2.5

Maximum dimension of VC indications not exceeds 1/2 in. (13 mm).

9.6.2.6

Maximum dimension of VI indications not exceeds 1/8 in. (3 mm).

9.6.2.7

a. The maximum dimension of VR indications not exceeds 1/4 in. (6 mm)

whichever is less.
b. The total length of VR indications not exceeds 1/2 in. (13 mm) in any c
length.

9.6.2.8

a. The aggregate length of indications above evaluation level not exceed

mm) length of weld.
b. The aggregate length of indications above evaluation level not exceed

9.7
9.7.2

VISUAL ACCEPTANCE STANDARDS FOR UNDERCUTTING

When visual and
mechanical means
Depth
are used to
determinedepth,
undercutting
> 0.031 in. (0.8 mm) or >
adjacent to the
cover or root bead 12.5% of pipe wall
thickness, whichever is
shall not exceed
smaller.
the dimensions
given in Table
> 0.016 in. (0.4 mm) but
0.031 in. (0.8mm) or > 6%
but 12.5% of pipe wall
thickness, whichever is
smaller.
0.016 in. (0.4 mm) or 6%
of pipe wall thickness,
whichever is smaller.

Acceptance

gh 9.3.13 are based on negative images

dual indications of IP not exceeds 1in. (25mm)

of indications of IP in any continuous 12in. (300mm) length of weld not exceeds

of indications of IP not exceeds 8% of the weld length in any weld less than 12in.

dual indications of IPD not exceeds 2in. (50mm)

of indications of IPD in any continuous 12in. (300mm) length of weld not exceeds

dual indications of ICP not exceeds 2in. (50mm)

of indications of IPD in any continuous 12in. (300mm) length of weld not exceeds

dual indication of IF not exceeds 1in. (25mm).

of indications of IF in any continuous 12in. (300mm) length of weld not exceeds

of indications of IF not exceeds 8% of the weld length in any weld less than 12in.

dual indications of IFD not exceeds 2in. (50mm)

of indications of IFD in any continuous 12in. 300mm length of weld not exceeds

of indications of IFD not exceeds 8% of the weld length

s acceptable, provided the density of the radiographic image of the internal

ed that of the thinnest adjacent parent material, the criteria for a burn through is

sion not exceeds 1/4 in. (6 mm) and the density in any portion of the BTs image
hinnest adjacent parent material.
sion not exceeds the thinner of the nominal wall thicknesses joined, and the
the BTs image not exceeds that of the thinnest adjacent parent material.
ximum dimensions of separate BTs whose image density for any portion of the
he thinnest adjacent parent material and not exceeds 1/2 in.(13 mm) in any
m) length of weld or the total weld length, whichever is less.

(60.3mm) and above

ons not exceed 2in. (50mm),
SI indications in any continuous 12in.(300mm) length if weld not exceed 2in.

ns not exceed 1/16in.(1.6mm)

I indications in any continuous 12in.(300mm) length if weld not exceed 1/2in.

s not exceed 1/8in.(3mm)

cations with the max. width of 1/8in.(3mm) are not present in any continuous 12in.

SI & ISI indications not exceed 8% of the weld length.

an 2.375in. (60.3mm)
ons not exceed three times the thinner of the nominal wall thickness joinned.
ns not exceed 1/16in.(1.6mm)
I indications not exceed two times the thinner of the nominal wall thickness
ceeds one-half the thinner of the nominal wall thinknessess joined.
SI & ISI indications not exceed 8% of the weld length.

ual pore not exceeds 1/8 in. (3 mm).

ual pore not exceeds 25% of the thinner of the nominal wall thicknesses joined.
attered porosity exceeds the concentration permitted by Figures 19 or 20. (Page

uster not exceeds 1/2 in. (13 mm).

of CP in any continuous 12 in. (300
xceeds 1/2 in. (13 mm).

idual indication of HB not exceeds 1/2 in. (13 mm).

of indications of HB in any continuous 12 in. (300 mm) length of weld not

s of HB, each not greater than 1/4 in.(6 mm) in length, are separated by not

of all indications of HB not exceeds 8% of the weld length.

or location in the weld, is not acceptable.

ow crater crack or star crack with a length that not exceeds 5/32 in. (4 mm).
cks or star cracks are located at the stopping point of weld beads and are the
ontractions during solidication.

of indications of EU and IU, in any combination, in any continuous 12 in. (300

eeds 2 in. (50 mm).
of indications of EU and IU, in any combination, exceeds one-sixth of the weld

ance standards for undercutting when visual and mechanical measurements are

of indications in any continuous 12 in. (300 mm) length of weld not exceeds 2 in.

h of indications not exceeds 8% of the weld length.

aluated as crater cracks or star cracks not exceed 5/32 in. (4 mm) in length.
evaluated as cracks not acceptable other than crater

e evaluated as IF and not exceed 1 in. (25 mm) in total length in a

mm) length of weld or 8% of the weld length.

s shall be evaluated according to the criteria of 9.3.9.2 and 9.3.9.3, as

on purposes, the maximum dimension of a rounded indication shall be

about the type of imperfection being disverication may be obtained by using other
methods.

e evaluated as crater cracks or star cracks and not exceed 5/32 in. (4 mm) in

evaluated as cracks not acceptable, other than crater cracks or star cracks.
e evaluated as IF and not exceed 1 in. (25 mm) in total length in a
mm) length of weld or 8% of the weld length.

ns shall be evaluated according to the criteria of 9.3.9.2 and 9.3.9.3, as

on purposes, the maximum dimension of a rounded indication shall be

about the type of imperfection being disverication may be obtained by using other
methods.

mined to be cracks (C).

with a vertical height (through-wall) dimension determined to be not greater
e wall thickness.
t the same circumferential location with a summed vertical height (througheeding one half the wall thickness.

of LS indications in any continuous 12 in. (300 mm) length of weld not exceeds 1

of LS Indications not exceeds 8% of the weld length.

of LB indications in any continuous 12 in. (300 mm) length of weld not exceeds 2

of LB indications not exceeds 8% of the weld length.

VC indications not exceeds 1/2 in. (13 mm).

VI indications not exceeds 1/8 in. (3 mm).

sion of VR indications not exceeds 1/4 in. (6 mm) or the nominal wall thickness,
indications not exceeds 1/2 in. (13 mm) in any continuous 12 in. (300 mm)

of indications above evaluation level not exceeds 2 in. (50 mm) in any 12 in. (300

of indications above evaluation level not exceeds 8% of the weld length.

UNDERCUTTING
Length
Not acceptable.

2 in. (50 mm) in a continuous 12 in. (300 mm) weld length or one-sixth the
weld length, whichever is smaller.

Acceptable, regardless of length.

7.8.2

Reinforce 20
ment
Height

Max 1.6 mm (1/16)''.

7.8.2
7.8.2
7.8.2

Reinforce 20
ment
Incomplet
20
Appearan
e
Filled
Inadequat
20
ceWeld
Groove
e
Width

Shall be uniform
Not permitted
The competed weld
should be
approximately 3mm
wider than the
original groove