DAFTAR PUSTAKA

1. Attilio Orazi, MD.Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Journal of American

Society for Clinical Pathology. 2009;132:290-305 Acessed on May, 10th
2014
2. Strom SS, Velez-Bravo V, Estey EH (2008)
myelodysplastic syndromes. Semin Hematol 45:813

Epidemiology

of

3. Warlick ED dan Smith BD. Myelodysplastic Syndromes: Review of

Pathophysiology and Current Novel Treatment Approaches. Current Cancer
Drug Targets, 2007, 7, 541-558.
4. Tefferi A, Lim KH, Levine R. Mutation in TET2 in myeloid cancers. N Engl
J Med 2009; 361: 11171118.
5. Bejar R, Stevenson K, Abdel-Wahab O et al. Clinical effect of point
mutations in myelodysplastic syndromes. N Engl J Med 2011; 364: 2496
2506.
6. Shen J, Wang S, Zhang YJ et al. Genome-wide aberrant DNA methylation
of microRNA host genes in hepatocellular carcinoma. Epigenetics 2012;
7:12301237.
7. Will B, Zhou L, Vogler TO et al. Stem and progenitor cells in
myelodysplastic syndromes show aberrant stage-specific expansion and
harbor genetic and epigenetic alterations. Blood 2012; 120: 20762086.
8. Jiang Y, Dunbar A, Gondek LP et al. Aberrant DNA methylation is a
dominant mechanism in MDS progression to AML. Blood 2009; 113:
13151325.
9. Vardiman JW, Thiele J, Arber DA et al. The 2008 revision of the World
Health Organization (WHO) classification of myeloid neoplasms and acute
leukemia:rationale and important changes. Blood 2009; 114: 937951.
10. Greenberg P, Cox C, LeBeau MM et al. International scoring system for
evaluating prognosis in myelodysplastic syndromes. Blood 1997; 89: 2079
2088.
11. Greenberg PL, Tuechler H, Schanz J et al. Revised international prognostic
scoring system for myelodysplastic syndromes. Blood 2012; 120: 2454
2465.

12. Fenaux, P, Haase D, Sanz F, Santini V dan Buskes C.Myelodysplastic

syndromes: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and
follow-up. Supplemen 3 2014;25: iii58-69
13. Foran JM, Sekeres MA. Myelodysplastic syndromes. In: Abeloff MD,
Armitage JO, Neiderhuber JE, Kastan MB, McKenna WG, eds. Abeloffs
Clinical Oncology. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone, 2008:22352260.
14. Barzi A, Sekeres MA. Myelodysplastic syndromes: a practical approach to
diagnosis and treatment. Cleve Clin J Med. 2010;77:37-44.
15. Bejar R, Stevenson K, Abdel-Wahab O, et al. Clinical effect of point
mutations in myelodysplastic syndromes. N Engl J Med.
2011;364(26):2496-2506.
16. Bejar R, Stevenson KE, Caughey BA, et al. Validation of a prognostic
model and the impact of mutations in patients with lower-risk
myelodysplastic syndromes. J Clin Oncol. 2012;30(27):3376-3382.
17. Tiu RV, Gondek LP, OKeefe CL, et al. Prognostic impact of SNP array
karyotyping in myelodysplastic syndromes and related myeloid
malignancies. Blood. 2011;117(17):4552-4560.
18. Mohamedali A, Gaken J, Twine NA, et al. Prevalence and prognostic
significance of allelic imbalance by single-nucleotide polymorphism
analysis in low-risk myelodysplastic syndromes. Blood. 2007;110(9):33653373.
19. Matsuda A, Germing U, Jinnai I et al. Difference in clinical features
between Japanese and German patients with refractory anaemia in
myelodysplastic syndromes. Blood 2005; 106: 26332640.
20. Qu S, Xu Z, Zhang Y et al. Impacts of cytogenetic categories in the Revised
International Prognostic Scoring System on the prognosis of primary
myelodysplastic syndromes: results of a single-center study. Leuk
Lymphoma 2012; 53: 940946.
21. Foran JM, amile MS. Clinical presentation, diagnosis and prognosisof
myelodysplastic syndromes. The American Journal of Medicine
2012;125(7A):S6-13.
22. Cogle CR, Craig BM, Rollison DE, List AF. Incidence of the myelodysplastic
syndromes using a novel claims-based algorithm: high number of uncaptured
cases by cancer registries. Blood. 2011;117:7121- 7125.

23. National Cancer Institute. Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results

(SEER) Program. SEER*Stat Database: IncidenceSEER 17 Registries
Research Data _ Hurricane Katrina Impacted Louisiana Cases, National
Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Control & Population Sciences,
Surveillance Research Program, Cancer Statistics Branch, released April
2011, based on the November 2010 submission. Ma X, Does M, Raza A,
Mayne ST. Myelodysplastic syndromes: incidence and survival in the United
States. Cancer. 2007;109:1536-1542.
24. Ma X, Does M, Raza A, Mayne ST. Myelodysplastic
syndromes: incidence and survival in the United States.
Cancer. 2007;109:1536-1542.
25. Rollison DE, Howlader N, Smith MT, et al. Epidemiology of myelodysplastic
syndromes and chronic myeloproliferative disorders in the United States,
20012004, using data from the NAACCR and SEER programs. Blood.
2008;112:45-52.
26. Sekeres MA. The epidemiology of myelodysplastic syndromes. Hematol
Oncol Clin North Am. 2010;24:287-294.

27.

Warlick ED. Epidemiology of myelodysplastic syndromes: many

questions remain. Leuk Lymphoma. 2011;52:163-164.

28.

Warlick ED dan Smth BD. Myelodysplastic Syndromes: Review of

Pathophysiology and Current Novel Treatment Approaches. Current Cancer
Drug Targets 2007;7:541-58.

29. Ogawa, T, Kitagawa, M, Hirokawa, K. Age-related changes of human bone

marrow: a histometric estimation of proliferative cells, apoptotic cells, T
cells, B cells and macrophages. Mech. Ageing Dev. 2000, 117(1-3), 57-68.
30. National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN). (2011).
NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN
Guidelines). Myelodysplastic Syndromes Version 2.2011.
31. Nguyen PL. The myelodysplastic syndromes. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am.
2009;23:675-691.
32. Vardiman JW, Thiele J, Arber DA, et al. The 2008 revision of the World
Health Organization (WHO) classification of myeloid neoplasms and acute
leukemia: rationale and important changes. Blood. 2009;114:937-951.
33. Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Harris NL, et al. WHO Classification of Tumors of
the Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissue. Lyon: IARC, 2008.

34. Greenberg P, Cox C, LeBeau MM, et al. International scoring system for
evaluating prognosis in myelodysplastic syndromes. Blood. 1997; 89:20792088.
35. Greenberg PL, Tuechler H, Schanz J, et al. Revised international prognostic
scoring system for myelodysplastic syndromes. Blood 2012;120:245465.
36. Lyons RM. Myelodysplastic syndromes:therapy and outlook. The American
Journal of Medicine 2012;125(7A):S18-23.
37. Malcovati L, Hellstrom-Lindberg E, Bowen D, et al. Diagnosis and treatment
of primary myelodysplastic syndromes in adults: recommendations from the
European LeukemiaNet. Blood 2013;122:294364