Phn loi ph t v v tr ca tng loi

1. Ph t ch cch thc (adverbs of manner)

V d: bravely, fast, happily, hard, quickly, well
V tr:
Thng ng sau ng t hoc sau tn ng (nu c)
She danced beautifully.
They speak English well.
Khi verb + preposition + object, ph t cch thc c th ng trc gii thoc sau tn ng
He looked at me suspiciously = he looked suspiciously at me.
Nu tn ng qu di, chng ta t ph t trc ng t:
She carefully picked up all the bits of broken glass.
He angrily denied that he had stolen the documents.
They secretly decided to leave the town.
i vi nhng ph t ni v c tnh, tnh cch hoc tr tu, nh foolishly, generously, kin
ch rng hnh ng l ngu ngc, tt bng, ho phng.
I foolishly forgot my passport > it was foolish of me to forget
He kindly waited for me > It was kind of him to wait
"Somehow c th t v tr u cu hay sau mt ng t khng c tn ng hoc sau tn ng
Somehow they managed
They managed somehow
They raised the money somehow.
2. Ph t ch thi gian (adverbs of time)
V d: now, soon, still, then, today, yet, recently, afterwards
V tr:
Thng t u cu hoc cui mnh
Eventually he came = he came eventually.
Then he went home = he went home then.
"Before, early, immediately, late t sau mnh .
He came late
Ill go immediately
Nu before v immediately c s dng nh lin t th c t u mnh .
Immediately the rain stops well set out.
"Yet thng t sau ng t hoc sau ng t + tn ng
He hasnt finished (his breakfast) yet.
"Still c t sau ng t be nhng trc cc ng t khc.
She is still in bed.
He still doesnt understand.
3. Ph t ch a im (adverbs of place)
V d: away, everywhere, here, nowhere, somewhere, there
V tr:
Nu khng c tn ng, nhng ph t ny thng t sau ng t
She went away
Bill is upstairs
Nu c tn ng, chng t sau tn ng
She sent him away
I looked for it everywhere.
Here, there + be/come/go + noun:
Heres Tom
Theres Ann
Here comes the train
There goes our bus.
Here, there t v tr ny c ngha nhn mnh hn so vi chng t sau ng t.
Nu noun l i t nhn xng, n thng c t trc ng t
There he is
Here I am
Trong vn vit, nhng ng trng t bt u bng gii t(down, from, in, on, over, out of, u
yn ng, ng t m ch v tr (crouch, hang, lie, sit, stand) v mt s ng t khc.
In the doorway stood a man with a gun
On the perch beside him sat a blue parrot.
4. Ph t tn sut (adverbs of frequency)

 V d: always, frequently, often, sometimes, occasionally, usually, continually, eve

r, never, rarely, seldome, hardly ever.
V tr:
Sau ng t tobe ( cc th n gin)
He is always in time for meals.
Trc ng t thng:
They sometimes stay up all night.
"Often nu t cui th thng i cng quite hoc very
He walked quite often.
"Hardly, ever, never, rarely c th c t u cu nhng phi dng o ng ca ng t
Hardly/ scarcely ever did they manage to meet unobserved.
5. Ph t ch mc (adverbs of degree)
V d: fairly, hardly, rather, quite, too, very, absolutely, almost, really, extreme
ly, only, rather, completely, just
V tr:
Ph t ch mc b ngha cho mt tnh t hoc mt ph t khc. N c t trc tnh t
You are absolutely right.
Im almost ready.
Nhng ph t mc sau y c th b ngha cho ng t: almost, barely, enough, hardly, ju
early, quite, rather, really
He almost/nearly fell.
Im just going.
Tom didnt like it much but I really enjoyed it.
V mt l thuyt, only c t trc ng t, tnh t v ph t, trc hoc theo sau dan
He had only six apples.
He only lent the car.
I believe only half of what he said.
Nhng trong vn ni, ngi Anh thng t n trc ng t
He only had six apples.
I only believe half of what he said.
"Rather c th s dng trc alike, like, similar, different v trc tnh t so snh h
Siamese cats are rather like dogs in some ways.
The weather was rather worse than I had expected.
rather a c th i vi mt s danh tdisappointment, disadvantage, nuisance, pity, shame
Its rather a nuisance that we cant park here.
Its rather a shame that he has to work on Sundays.
"Hardly, scarcely, barely mang ngha ph nh. hardly thng c s dng vi any, ever
I hardly ever go out.
It hardly rained at all last summer.
Her case is so heavy that she can hardly lift it.
Hardly cng c th s dng vi cc ng t khc.
I hardly know him
Scarcely c th thay th hardly trong cc trng hp trn.
Barely c ngha l not more than/only just
There were barely twenty people there. (only just twenty)
6. Ph t nghi vn (interrogative)
V d: when, where, why, how
V tr: ng u cu
When did you see her?
Why was he late?
7. Ph t quan h (relative)
V d: when, where, why
V tr: ng sau danh t
I remember the day when they arrived.
The hotel where we stayed wasnt very clean.
The reason why Im phoning you is to invite you to a party.
Ch : trong mt cu, c c ph t cch thc, a im, thi gian, th trt t thng l ph
V d: He spoke well at the debate this morning.
She prepared her lessons carefully at home yesterday.

Bi tp: t nhng ph t trong ngoc vo ng ch ca n trong cu.

1. He has read that book (already)
2. This book is interesting (extremely)
3. I havent been there (before)
4. He is on time (seldom)
5. The elevator operates (automatically)
6. He arrives (never, on time, at the meeting)
7. I saw Dan (at the lecture, last night)
8. He left the office (early, this afternoon)
9. They stayed (all day, quietly, there)
10. I shall meet you (outside your office, tomorrow, at 2 oclock)
11. He was born (in 1396, at 10a.m, on July 14th)
12. She will return the book (next week, to, the library)