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7/9/2015

MAPPINGOFLOGICALCHANNELSONTOPHYSICALCHANNELSTel3pedia

MAPPINGOFLOGICALCHANNELSONTO
PHYSICALCHANNELS
HomeUnlabelledMAPPINGOFLOGICALCHANNELSONTOPHYSICALCHANNELS

Logical channels are transmitted on physical channels. The method of placing logical channels on physical
channels is called mapping. While most logical channels take only one time slot to transmit, some take more. If
so,thelogicalchannelinformationiscarriedinthesamephysicalchanneltimesloton
consecutive TDMA frames. Because logical channels are short, several logical channels can share the same
physicalchannel,makingtheuseoftimeslots
more efficient. DCCH on TS1 or TS2? Over years TS1 had been used for DCCH and even today most of the
operators are using TS1. However some of the operators are using Extended Cells with diameter longer than
35km(up to 120km) as described in chapter 3 under heading TIMING ADVANCE. These extended cells require 2
timeslotsperchannelotherwisetheadjacentTSwillexperienceinterference.This applies also to BCH and DCH,
henceEricssonrecommendTS2forDCH(note:thisisonlyarecommendation,eventhoughTS1 is used today
allovertheworld).ThiswouldallowTS0/1forBCHandTS2/3forBCHinextendedcells.Inthisbook however
TS1willbeshowninexamplesandfigures.TheradiochannelandthetimeslotsforDCHaredefinedintheBSC
data.Thefigurebelowshowsthecarrierfrequenciesforasamplecell,includinganadditionalallocationofatime
slotforDCCHinC1
(duetoahighcallsetuploadinthecell).

Mappingofcontrolandtrafficlogicalchannelsto
physicalchannels

CARRIER0,TIMESLOT0
Timeslot0ofthefirstcarrierfrequencyinacellisalwaysreservedforsignalingpurposes.Inthisway,whenan
MS is determining whether a carrier frequency is a BCCH carrier, it knows where to look. On the downlink, BCH
andCCCHinformationistransmitted.TheonlylogicalchannelontheuplinkisRACH.Byhavingtheuplinkfreefor
RACHonly,amobilesubscribercaninitiateacallatanytime.

CARRIER0,TIMESLOT1
Generally,timeslot1ofthefirstcarrierfrequencyinacellisreservedforsignalingpurposes.Theonlyexceptions
to this is cells with high or low traffic load. As can be seen in Figure, if there is a high traffic load in a cell, it is
possibletoassignasecond(ormore)physicalchannelforthepurposeofcallsetup(using DCCH). This may be
anyphysicalchannelotherthantimeslots0and1oncarrierfrequency0.Similarly,ifthereisalowtrafficloadin
acell,itispossibletousephysicalchannel0oncarrierfrequency0forallsignalinginformation:BCH,CCCHand
DCCH.Bydoingso,physicalchannel1canbesparedfortraffic.Eight SDCCH's and 4 SACCH's can all share the
samephysical
channel.Thismeansthat8callscanbesetupsimultaneouslyononephysicalchannel.

CARRIER0,TIMESLOT27ANDALLTIMESLOTSONOTHER
CARRIERSINTHESAMECELL
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7/9/2015

MAPPINGOFLOGICALCHANNELSONTOPHYSICALCHANNELSTel3pedia

Alltimeslotsinacellotherthanthoseassignedforsignalinginformationareusedfortraffic,i.e.speechordata.
Logical channel TCH is used. In addition, at regular intervals during a call, an MS transmits to the BTS
measurements it has made about signal strength and quality. Logical channel SACCH is used for this, replacing
oneTCHtimeslotatatime.

SAMPLETRAFFICCASE:CALLTOANMS
ThefollowingtrafficcasedescribesacalltoanMSandhighlightstheuseofsomelogicalchannelsduringthecall.

CalltoanMS
1.TheMSC/VLRknowswhichLAtheMSislocatedin.ApagingmessageissenttotheBSC'scontrollingtheLA.
2.TheBSCsdistributethepagingmessagetotheBTS'sinthedesiredLA.TheBTS'stransmitthemessageover
theairinterfaceusingPCH.
3.WhentheMSdetectsaPCHidentifyingitself,itsendsarequestforasignalingchannelusingRACH.
4.TheBSCusesAGCHtoinformtheMSofthesignalingchannel(SDCCHandSACCH)touse.
5.SDCCHandSACCHareusedforcallsetup.ATCHisallocatedandtheSDCCHisreleased.
6. The MS and BTS switch to the identified TCH frequency and time slot. The MS generates ring tone. If the
subscriber answers, the connection is established. During the call, signals can be sent and received by the MS
usingSACCH.

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