Review Exercises for Chapter 10

100. 




2
2

104. 0  2

102. 0  2
2 r 4

0 r 3




4
2

z 2 r 2  6r  8

0 z r cos 

503

0  1

z
z

4
3

4
3

5
4

2
x

106. Cylindrical: 0.75 r 1.25, z  8

108. Cylindrical
1
2

110.   2 sec   cos   2 z  2 plane

r 3

  4 sphere

0  2

The intersection of the plane and the sphere is a circle.

 9  r2 z 9  r2

4
y

4
x
4

Review Exercises for Chapter 10

2. P  2, 1, Q  5, 1 R  2, 4
\

4. v  v cos  i  v sin  j 

1
1
cos 225 i  sin 225 j
2
2

(a) u  PQ  7, 0  7i, v  PR  4, 5  4i  5j



(b) v  42  52  41

2

i

2

(c) 2u  v  14i  4i  5j  18i  5j

6. (a) The length of cable POQ is L.

OQ  9i  yj

L  292  y2

Tension: T  c  OQ   c81  y 2

250
250
81  y 2 T 
y
L24  81
Domain: L > 18 inches
cy  250 T 

(c)

2

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

780.9

573.54

485.36

434.81

401.60

377.96

360.24

(d) The line T  400 intersects the

curve at

1000

L  23.06 inches.
25
0

18 in.

250L
L2  324

18

500 lb

Also,

(b)

L2
 81  y
4

(e) lim T  250

L 

The maximum tension is 250

pounds in each side of the cable
since the total weight is 500 pounds.

504

Chapter 10

Vectors and the Geometry of Space

8. x  z  0, y  7: 0, 7, 0

12. Center:

10. Looking towards the xy-plane from the positive z-axis.

The point is either in the second quadrant x < 0, y > 0
or in the fourth quadrant x > 0, y < 0. The z-coordinate
can be any number.

0 2 4, 0 2 6, 4 2 0
 2, 3, 2

Radius: 2  02  3  02  2  42  4  9  4  17

x  22  y  32  z  22  17

z

14. x2  10x  25   y 2  6y  9  z 2  4z  4  34  25  9  4

x  52   y  32  z  22  4

Center: 5, 3, 2
Radius: 2

6
4
2

4
6
8
x

16. v  3  6, 3  2, 8  0  3, 5, 8

(3, 3, 8)

8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1

1
2

Since v and w are not parallel, the points do not lie in a

straight line.

(6, 2, 0)

20. 8

18. v  8  5, 5  4, 5  7  3, 1, 2

w  11  5, 6  4, 3  7  6, 10, 4

6, 3, 2
8
48 24 16
 6, 3, 2 
, ,
49
7
7
7 7

22. P  2, 1, 3, Q  0, 5, 1, R  5, 5, 0

\

(a) u  PQ  2, 6, 2  2i  6j  2k,

\

v  PR  3, 6, 3  3i  6j  3k
(b) u
v  23  66  23  36
(c) v
24. u  4, 3, 6, v  16, 12, 24
Since v  4u, the vectors are parallel.

v  9  36  9  54

26. u  4, 1, 5, v  3, 2, 2

u

v0


is orthogonal to v.


2

28. u  1, 0, 3

30. W  F
PQ  F PQ  cos   758cos 30

v  2, 2, 1

 3003 ft
lb

v  1

u  10
v  3
cos  

u
v 
u v

 83.9

1
310

Review Exercises for Chapter 10

<

>

<

>

<

>

In Exercises 3240, u  3, 2, 1 , v  2, 4, 3 , w  1, 2, 2 .

32. cos  

u
v 
u v

  arccos

11

34. Work  u

1429

w  3  4  2  5

141129
56.9

 
 

i
36. u  v  3
2

j
2
4

k
1  10i  11j  8k
3

i
vu 2
3

j
4
2

k
3  10i  11j  8k
1

Thus, u  v   v  u.

 

i
38. u  v  w  3, 2, 1  1, 2, 1  3
1

 
 

i
uv 3
2
uw

j
2
4

i
3
1

k
1  10i  11j  8k
3

j
2
2

j
2
2

k
1  4i  4j  4k
1

k
1  6i  7j  4k
2

u  v  u  w  4i  4j  4k  u  v  w
5
1
1
40. Area triangle  v  w  22  12 
(See Exercise 35)
2
2
2

 

2
1
42. V  u
v  w  0
2
0 1

46. u  v 

i
2
3

j
5
1

0
1  25  10
2

k
1  21i  11j  13k
4

Direction numbers: 21, 11, 13

(a) x  21t, y  1  11t, z  4  13t
(b)

y1 z4
x


21
11
13

44. Direction numbers: 1, 1, 1

(a) x  1  t, y  2  t, z  3  t
(b) x  1  y  2  z  3

48. P  3, 4, 2, Q  3, 4, 1, R  1, 1, 2

\

PQ  0, 8, 1, PR  4, 5, 4

 

i
n  PQ  PR  0
4
\

j
8
5

k
1  27i  4j  32k
4

27x  3  4 y  4  32z  2  0
27x  4y  32z  33

505

506

Chapter 10

Vectors and the Geometry of Space

52. Q5, 1, 3 point

50. The normal vectors to the planes are the same,

n  5, 3, 1.

u  1, 2, 1 direction vector

Choose a point in the first plane, P  0, 0, 2. Choose a

point in the second plane, Q  0, 0, 3.

P  1, 3, 5 point on line

\

PQ  6, 2, 2

PQ  0, 0, 5

  

 

i
j k
PQ  u  6 2 2  2, 8, 14
1 2 1
\

PQ
n
5
35
5
D



 n
7
35
35

D

54. y  z 2

PQ  u 264
 211

6
u
58. 16x 2  16y 2  9z 2  0

56. y  cos z
Since the x-coordinate is missing,
we have a cylindrical surface with
rulings parallel to the x-axis. The
generating curve is y  cos z.

Since the x-coordinate is missing,

we have a cylindrical surface with
rulings parallel to the x-axis. The
generating curve is a parabola in
the yz-coordinate plane.

Cone
xy-trace: point 0,0, 0
xz-trace: z 

yz-trace: z 

4y
3

z  4, x 2  y 2  9

1
2

z
4

y
2

y
3

3
x

60.

4x
3

x2
y2
z2
 
1
25
4
100

2 3

62. Let y  r x  2x and revolve the curve about

the x-axis.

z
12

Hyperboloid of one sheet

xy-trace:

64.

y2
x2
 1
25
4

xz-trace:

z2
x2

1
25 100

yz-trace:

z2
y2

1
4
100

43, 34, 3 2 3
, rectangular


(a) r 

 43
 34

(b)  

 43
 34
 3 2 3

3

,   arctan3 

30

, 


33
, z
,
3
2

23, 2 , 3 2 3
, cylindrical



3
,   arccos
,
3
10

30 

3
, , arccos
, spherical
3
10

Problem Solving for Chapter 10

66.

81,  56, 273, cylindrical

  6561  2187  543
5

6

2754 33   arccos 21  3

68.

12,  2 , 23, spherical



r 2  12 sin



  arccos

543,  56, 3 , spherical

23

r  63


2

z   cos   12 cos

23  6

63,  2 , 6, cylindrical

70. x 2  y 2  z 2  16
(a) Cylindrical: r 2  z 2  16
(b) Spherical:   4

Problem Solving for Chapter 10

2. f x 

t 4  1 dt

0
y

(a)

(b) f x  x 4  1
f 0  1  tan 

4
2
4




4

u

(c)

22,  22 

1
2

i  j 

(d) The line is y  x: x  t, y  t.

4. Label the figure as indicated.

PR  a  b
a

SQ  b  a

a  b
b  a 
b
2 
a
2  0, because

a

b
in a rhombus.
\

22, 22 

6. n  PP0   n  PP0 
Figure is a square.

Thus,
PP0

n
and the points P form a circle of radius

n
in the plane with center at P.

n + PP0

n PP0

P0

507

508

Chapter 10

Vectors and the Geometry of Space

 r 2  x2 dx  2 r 2x 

8. (a) V  2

x3
3

r
0

4
 r 3
3

(b) At height z  d > 0,

x2
y2
d2
 2 2 1
2
a
b
c
x2
y2
d 2 c2  d 2
 21 2
2
a
b
c
c2
x2
y2
 2 2
 1.
2
  d  b c  d 2
2
2
c
c

a2

c2

Area  

a c c d b c c d   cab c

2

 d 2

ab 2
2
2 c  d  dd
0 c
c

V2


2ab 2
d3
cd
2
c
3

c
0

4
 abc
3
10. (a) r  2 cos 

(b) z  r 2 cos 2
z2  x2  y2

Cylinder

Hyperbolic paraboloid

1
12. x  t  3, y  t  1, z  2t  1; Q  4, 3, s
2
(a) u  2, 1, 4 direction vector for line
P  3, 1, 1 point on line
\

PQ  1, 2, s  1
\

PQ  u 
\

D
(b)

i
1
2

j
k
2 s  1  7  si  6  2sj  5k
1
4

PQ  u
7  s2  6  2s2  25

21

(c) Yes, there are slant asymptotes. Using s  x, we have

10

Ds 
11

10
4

The minimum is D 2.2361 at s  1.


y

1
21
5
21

105

21

5x2  10x  110 

5
21

x  12  21

x2  2x  22

215 x  1

s  1 slant asymptotes.

Problem Solving for Chapter 10

14. (a) The tension T is the same in each tow line.
6000i  Tcos 20  cos20i  Tsin 20  sin20j
 2T cos 20i
T

6000
3192.5 lbs
2 cos 20

(b) As in part (a), 6000i  2T cos 

T

3000
cos 

Domain: 0 <  < 90

(c)

(d)

10

20

30

40

50

60

3046.3

3192.5

3464.1

3916.2

4667.2

6000.0

10,000

90
0

(e) As  increases, there is less force applied in the

direction of motion.
16. (a) Los Angeles: 4000, 118.24, 55.95
Rio de Janeiro: 4000, 43.22, 112.90
(b) Los Angeles: x  4000 sin 55.95 cos118.24
y  4000 sin 55.95 sin118.24
z  4000 cos 55.95

1568.2, 2919.7, 2239.7

Rio de Janeiro: x  4000 sin 112.90 cos43.22
y  4000 sin 112.90 sin43.22
z  4000 cos 112.90

2685.2, 2523.3, 1556.5

(c) cos  

u
v
1568.22685.2  2919.72523.3  2239.71556.5


u

v

40004000

 91.18 1.59 radians

(d) s  40001.59 6366 miles
CONTINUED

509

510

Chapter 10

Vectors and the Geometry of Space

16. CONTINUED
(e) For Boston and Honolulu:
a. Boston: 4000, 71.06, 47.64
Honolulu: 4000, 157.86, 68.69
b. Boston: x  4000 sin 47.64 cos71.06
y  4000 sin 47.64 sin71.06
z  4000 cos 47.64

959.4, 2795.7, 2695.1

Honolulu: x  4000 sin 68.69 cos157.86
y  4000 sin 68.69 sin157.86
z  4000 cos 68.69

3451.7, 1404.4, 1453.7

(f) cos  

u
v
959.43451.7  2795.71404.4  2695.11453.7


u

v

40004000

 73.5 1.28 radians

(g) s  40001.28 5120 miles
18. Assume one of a, b, c, is not zero, say a. Choose a point
in the first plane such as d1a, 0, 0. The distance
between this point and the second plane is
D


ad1a  b0  c0  d2

a2  b2  c2

d1  d2

a2  b2  c2

d1  d2

a2  b2  c2

20. Essay.