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SELL
Exchange: NSE
Industry: Banks
RELATIVE
Rs.583
Target Price
Current Price <19 Oct 2012>
Rs.628
Downside
7.2%
PERFORMANCE
GROWTH
RETURN
VOLATILITY
P/BV
127.52
EPS
22.02
4.3
0.68
ROE
18.69
ROA
1.68
MARKET DATA
Market Capitalization(Rs. Cr)
137566
53 wk H/L (Rs.)
639/400
194204
76.90%
Circuit Limits
762.35/508.25
NSE code
HDFCBANK
500180
FORWARD 12 m RATIOS:
P/BV
4.25
P/E
23.84
P/Total Assets
0.0015
BVPS
148
Source:Moneycontrol.com
Investment Summary
Consistent earnings and quality business but expensive valuation - HDFC bank is a consistent performer in the Indian
banking sector and has distinguished itself from the rest of the pack consistently. The banks FY13 Q2 numbers were
in line with our expectations and going forward we expect slight pressure on account of increase in delinquency,
moderation in CASA, increased competition from private & public sector banks and moderation in other income.
Considering its superior business quality, its relative value compared to its peers is most obvious during challenging
times. However, given that its current valuations are above the intrinsic value and the multiples well above the intrinsic
levels, we expect the stock to moderately correct from current levels. The stock has had an excellent run up in the near
past and has consistently outperformed both the Nifty and the sectoral index. We expect the prices to correct and the
stock to trade at its long term average 1 year forward P/ABV multiple of 3.9x which gives a target price of Rs 583.
Concerns amid strong fundamentals - Although the banks business looks formidable with strong fundamentals and
the bank has given excellent performance numbers, we believe current valuations more than reflect these positives,
but ignore risks. We see the following key risks going forward: a) The past performance of the bank could prove to be
an impediment for it in the future. With the high base, the growth in assets and operating profit at historical levels of
30% looks difficult to sustain. We expect a likely slowdown in asset growth and operating profit to mean levels of 20%
on an average. b) potential downside to profitability due to increased competition from private and public sector banks
which target the same business (as the other focus sectors like infra have nearly dried out) and increased delinquency
rates on account of unfavourable macroeconomics. c) moderation in CASA growth at around 16% levels compared to
its own excellent past growth numbers, as market share stagnates due to expansion of branches in lower yielding
rural/semi-urban areas and competition from smaller banks that are expanding at a faster pace.
According to our estimates, we expect HDFC bank to trade in the 3-4x P/BV band in the longer term. Any valuation
which offers an upside from current expensive levels would depend on a sustained ROE improvement outlook over
20%+ or an extremely favourable macro condition, which we do not foresee in near term.
The key upside risks to our target price lie in: (1) any positive news on asset quality; (2) sudden revival in the economy
due to turnaround in macro environment; (3) more than expected growth in loan book of the bank in spite of sluggish
economic outlook; and (4) changing risk perceptions of private banks and they getting perceived as less riskier
compared to public sector banks. If any of these factors has a greater impact than we expect, the stock could have
difficulty achieving our target price.
Business Overview
Shareholding Pattern
Promot
er
23%
Others
35%
DII
10%
FII
32%
Mar-09
Mar-10
Mar-11
Mar12
528
779
996
1399
Branches
1412
1725
1986
2544
ATMs
3295
4232
5471
8913
Cities
New
Pvt
Banks
Avg
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
ROA
All Pvt
Banks
Avg
HDFC
Bank
Deposits
All
SCB
Avg
Business Comparison
Advances
HDFC Bank
5,87,294
24,67,064
7,50,426
1226708.
623
4,83,209
19,54,200
5,90,067
1051890.
677 Source: RBI website,
Team Estimares
Industry Overview
(see Appendix 1)
Below 20
20-50
50 and above
51.1
50
45.144.7
38.2
36
13.9
2001
Asset quality management Net NPAs for the private banking sector
have been falling since 2008-09, however, we notice that that rose
during crisis period. There is a possibility of NPAs rising going forward.
Also, rising SME loans in their portfolio tend to be sticky and can be
harmful in a volatile interest rate scenario.
17.9
16.3
2011
2016
80
70
60
50
40
16000
14000
12000
180
BANKEX
160
WPI
10000
8000
80
6000
60
4000
40
2000
20
0
Mar-04
Dec-04
Sep-05
Jun-06
Mar-07
Dec-07
Sep-08
Jun-09
Mar-10
Dec-10
Sep-11
Jun-12
Bankex and WPI The Bankex and the WPI show a strong positive
correlation. However, we observe that the Bankex or inflation tends to
move about the WPI in the short run. In other words, we see the
Bankex coming back to the WPI line after deviating in the short run.
We expect Bankex to rise in the medium run as the inflation is not
expected to come down due to the aforementioned factors.
Competitor Analysis
(see Appendix 2)
ROA%
5year
3year
2year
1year
HDFC Bank
1.51
1.57
1.63
1.68
ICICI Bank
1.19
1.30
1.41
1.47
Axis Bank
1.46
1.58
1.61
1.61
Yes Bank
1.51
1.52
1.47
1.42
Kotak
Bank
SBI
1.52
1.80
1.86
1.86
0.93
0.85
0.82
0.91
ROE%
5year
3year
2year
1year
HDFC Bank
17.33
17.25
17.72
18.69
ICICI Bank
9.68
9.61
10.43
11.20
Axis Bank
19.10
19.59
19.82
20.29
Yes Bank
20.82
21.49
22.10
23.07
Kotak
Bank
SBI
12.32
14.25
14.61
11.37
15.39
14.38
14.17
15.72
GNPA %
5year
3year
2year
1year
Growth in
CASA
Deposits %
Growth in
Business
%
HDFC Bank
1.37
1.16
1.03
1.02
18.40
19.96
ICICI Bank
3.75
4.06
3.85
3.58
9.20
11.44
43.50
2273.3
11.47
Axis Bank
1.05
1.13
1.07
1.04
16.30
17.54
42.00
14
1228.0
10.41
Yes Bank
0.30
0.24
0.22
0.22
8.52
16.30
20
1544.5
8.45
Kotak Bank
2.17
1.70
1.49
1.29
41.00
30.70
32.20
799.5
16.4
SBI
3.03
3.36
3.64
4.18
14.10
13.99
46.60
1196.6
19.01
71.50
2
0
Threat of new
entrant
Source: Team Estimates
Threat of
substitutes
Bargaining
power of
customers:
Score
Bargaining power
of suppliers
Threat of
substitutes
Bargaining power
of customers
Threat of new
entrant
Industry rivalry
Rationale
The Brand name HDFC coupled with the
fact that it's one of the industry
leaders, leads to a low bargaining
power of suppliers
HDFC
faces
tough
competition
from the other top banks. For almost
every HDFC product, there is a substitute
in ICICI and to a great extent in Axis as
well
Financial Analysis:
Operating performance and revenue:
25000
NII
PAT
20000
CAGR~20.72%
15000
CAGR~26.08%
10000
5000
2.0%
1.5%
100%
1.95%
82.51%
78.42%
80.48%
82.38%
68.43%
1.41%
78.76%
79.51%
90%
80%
70%
60%
1.14% 1.19%
50%
1.0%
40%
0.63%
0.5%
30%
0.31%
0.25%
0.19% 0.18% 0.21% 0.24%
0.0%
20%
10%
0%
GNPA(%)
NNPA(%)
Provision Coverage Ratio
Textile
Iron and
Steel
Power
Roads
Total
HDFC Bank
2.2%
6.1%
1.0%
2.9%
3.4%
0.9%
1.9%
18.3%
ICICI Bank
5.4%
5.7%
NA
5.5%
4.7%
0.7%
4.1%
26.2%
Axis Bank
3.3%
2.0%
1.2%
4.7%
2.0%
1.8%
2.3%
17.3%
Yes Bank
3.0%
4.7%
1.4%
3.7%
1.1%
0.4%
1.6%
15.9%
3.6%
NA
NA
9.6%
2.0%
NA
0.2%
15.3%
Source:
Annual Reports
Dividends - The Bank has a defined policy of distributing 20-25% of its PAT as
dividends to its shareholders.
52.03%
52.69%
46.47%
45.31%
45.82%
48.40%
As on March 31, 2012, HDFC Banks total balance sheet size was Rs. 337,909
cr an increase of 21.8% yoy over Rs. 277,353 cr as on March 31, 2011.
60%
40%
Total Deposits increased 18.3% from Rs. 208,586 cr as on March 31, 2011 to
Rs. 246,706 cr as on March 31, 2012. Savings account deposits grew by 16.6%
to Rs. 73,998 cr while current account deposits were stagnant at Rs. 45,408 cr
as on March 31, 2012.However CASA deposits stood at 48.4% of total deposit,
down from 52.7% in FY11.
20%
0%
CASA(%)
Our expectation for FY13 is a growth of 15% in Demand deposit, 16-18% growth
in Savings deposit and a 20% growth in term deposit. This will lead to CASA
deposits reducing to 45% levels .FY13 will see a continuing shift towards term
deposits as the interest rates are not expected to subside significantly.
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
FY08
FY09
FY10
FY11
FY12
Wholesale Loan Book
Retail Loan Book
Source: Annual Report
Banks loan growth was driven by an increase of 33.7% in retail advances to Rs.
107,126 cr, and an increase of 10.5% in wholesale advances to Rs. 89,764 cr.
Advances are expected to improve by 20% YoY due to increased focus on
growing the retail loan book . However other private sector banks like Axis bank
and ICICI bank have now shifted their focus on growing their retail loan portfolio
which would result in moderation of HDFC banks loan book. The Bank has a
market share of 3.9% in total system deposits and 4.3% in total system
advances. The Banks Credit Deposit (CD) Ratio was 79.2% as on March 31,
2012 and is expected to improve to 79.54% by FY15.
Valuation
We initiate the coverage of HDFC bank with a SELL rating and a price target of Rs 583
Advances
82%
80%
78%
76%
74%
72%
70%
68%
66%
64%
HDFC Bank has outperformed its peers over the last few years in terms of high
NIM(4.2) , low NPA(net NPA 0.2%) and growth in EPS(30%) .However due to
deteriorating macro economic conditions and the expansion of the bank into
semi urban areas , we believe that there will be an incremental increase in NPA
levels which will exert pressure on the bottom line . A valuation of P/ABV of 3.9x
and P/E of 22x in FY 2013 are a result of the following expectation:
-Decrease in growth of CASA deposits as the bank has opened around 70% of
the new branches in Tier II to Tier VI cities. The growth in deposits from these
new branches will be lower than traditional values as these branches will have
lesser number of transactions and also a lower balance.
-Increasing competition from new private sector banks as they are expanding
rapidly, especially in the urban areas. This will put pressure on the already
stable and dominant banks.
-Increase in NPA levels from historic low levels which will be difficult for the bank
to maintain. We expect slippage to increase by 10 bps in comparison to 0.81%of
net advances in FY12.
V aluat ion:
Basis
Multiple
Stake(%)
Value
HDFC Bank
RI and
Gordon
Growth
3.5x
100%
589
DCF
63.02%
2.17
Gordon
Growth
97.03%
2.13
HDFC
Securities
HDB
Financial
Total Value
of HDFC
Bank
Rs.
593
The value per share using two stage residual income method is Rs 583. The
methodology followed to arrive at the intrinsic price is as follows:
We have valued the stock using 3 methods: Residual Income method, Gordon
growth Model and Relative valuation. The Residual income analysis is based on
sum of parts method where we have valued the main business of the bank and
its two subsidiaries HDFC Securities (HDFCsec) and HDB Financial services
separately. We have followed this approach as the two subsidiaries are
relatively small in size and the risk in their line of business is very different from
the parent bank.
18.69%
25
20%
20%
Profit after Tax (PAT) : The growth in PAT is estimated to be around 20% YoY
during FY2013-2015. We expect some pressure on PAT due to increase in
provisioning on account of increasing NPA in the coming years.
Stable Firm
Growth till perpetuity
3%
Payout ratio
Equity Cost: The book value is expected to increase 17% , in line with FY 12 .
84%
cost of equity
16.72%
Target P/BV
3.8x
148
Rs. 561
Target Price
P/B vs ROA
HDFC
Bank
The value per share using Two stage Gordon growth model is Rs 568. The
methodology followed to arrive at the intrinsic price is as follows:
Kotak
Bank
P/BV
4
3
2
Yes Bank
Axis Bank
ICICI Bank
SBI
Two stage is appropriate to value the bank as its revenues are growing at more
than 20% YoY .We expect the high growth to continue for at least 25 years as
there is huge potential for the Indian economy to grow and mature. The
perpetual growth rate is estimated to be 3%.
1
0
0.80
1.30
1.80
2.30
Growth in EPS
ROA
Source: Annual Report
Rs.
561.
391
20%
21%
22%
23%
24%
25%
15%
239
245
251
257
263
269
16%
282
289
295
302
308
315
17%
334
341
349
356
363
370
18%
396
404
413
421
429
437
19%
471
480
489
499
508
517
20%
561
572
582
592
603
613
We have compared HDFC bank with ICICI bank and Axis bank as these banks
are comparable in terms of the customers they cater to within the Indian
markets. The multiples used to value the bank are P/BV , P/E and P/Total
Asset as these are primary drivers for a bank.
We have not considered the price from relative valuation in the final value as
HDFC bank commands a premium compared to its peers in all the three
multiples used .
Final Price:
Residual income model is a stable model which gives maximum value to the
current book value and the impact of terminal value is minimal. However
Gordon growth model is extremely sensitive to its inputs and sensitivity
analysis shows volatility in the target price. Hence we assign a weight of 70%
to the value using Residual income model and 30% to Gordon growth model.
HDFC
ICICI
Axis
55%
67%
55%
Complied
Complied
Complied
Complied
Complied
Complied
Complied
Complied
Complied
Complied
Complied
Complied
Available
Available
Available
Available
Available
Available
Available
Available
Available
(see Appendix 5)
(see Appendix 6)
HDFC bank should not have much issues to comply with the BASEL 3 guidelines issued by RBI. With a CRAR of 16.52% of which tier
1 accounts for 11.60% HDFC bank is almost sufficiently capitalized. Based on our estimates of growth in risk weighted assets at a
CAGR of 21% (FY13E -FY17E) and a growth in tier 1 capital at CAGR of 18% the bank would just be able to comply with the CRAR
requirement of 11.5% in FY17. The tier 1 capital estimated in FY17 which includes the capital conservation buffer ( CCB ) of 2.5% is
9.98% which is also above the 9.5% requirement stipulated by RBI.
Risk Analysis
(see Appendix 7)
To understand the risk from a holistic perspective, we have analysed both the company risk and investment risk.
(see Appendix 8)
In this section we analyze the main upside risks that could affect our target price
60%
Strategic Risk
10
50%
40%
30%
20%
Strong growth in retail loan book - A strong growth in the retail loan
book of the bank, which has been its focus area, in spite of increasing
competition would help the bank maintain the 30% plus growth in PAT
with robust loan growth. This would also help the bank to negate the
impact of wholesale loan growth which can affect the NIM negatively.
Both the above factors would impact the price positively.
Improvement in the NPA from historic low levels - An improvement in
the NPL of the bank from historic low level of 0.9% GNPA in Q2FY13
would ensure that the provisioning required can be further reduced
resulting in a strong increase in PAT, positively impacting price. The
provisions for the quarter ended September 2012 were at historic low
levels of Rs 292.9 cr with a decrease of about 20% yoy.
Continued and sustainable growth in non-interest income - Healthy fee
income growth of 20% plus, strong forex income and higher trading
gains would support the strong growth in non-interest income which
would positively impact the price.
GDP Growth
12
GDP
AdvGrowth %
10%
0%
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Source: RBI
12%
10%
Macro risks
8%
6%
4%
Inflation (CPI)
2%
Sep-12
Jul-12
Mar-12
May-12
Jan-12
Nov-11
Jul-11
Sep-11
May-11
Jan-11
Mar-11
0%
Source: CSO
Financial risks:
Fluctuations of exchange rates - Since HDFC banks operations are
confined to India, fluctuations in exchange rate wouldn't have a great
impact on the banks balance sheet in terms of transaction or
translation adjustments. On the revenue front in terms of non-interest
income it would have a positive impact on the forex income of the bank
as clients would use more forex and derivative products for hedging
the foreign exchange risk.
Source: RBI
Model Risk
Valuation risk - DCF valuation using Excess earning is used for the
valuation of HDFC bank. The assumption regarding the estimated P/BV
does have a major impact on the target price. For arriving at the
estimated P/BV we have taken the historical and the one
year average P/BV and calculated the weighted average of it. To
mitigate the risk, a Monte Carlo simulation was done with estimated
P/ABV and the weights assigned as the variable parameter assuming
log normal distribution and it was found that there is no major variation
in the calculated target price. The mean and median values being Rs
590 and Rs 583 respectively.
In order to understand the impact of various risks getting triggered, on the valuation and hence the target price, we performed a
Monte Carlo simulation by assigning probability distributions to each risk affected parameter. Examination of analysis shows that the
standard deviation of target price is only Rs 20 with mean value of Rs 583 and median value of Rs 585. Details in Appendix 8B
10
Appendices
Appendix 1 A: Demographic Profile of India
A look into the demographical structure of the client base of the Indian banking industry shows very prominent trends
which can be used a fair estimate of the forthcoming scenario.
Firstly, an overview of the age-distribution of population predicts a younger population. Along with that it also shows an
expanding labour force, i.e. a growth in the working age group. Referring to the theory of demographic transition, we
see that India is poised at the growth phase. If we look at the graph given in the main text, we see a marked shift in
population towards working age. As of 2016 projections, India peaks in working age population. The high 0-4 age
group percentage implies a further expected increase in working age population in the next 15 years or so.
Largely for demographic reasons, urbanization in India is on a firmly upward path. And urban population growth is
occurring at the relatively fast pace that it is because the country is still at an intermediate stage in the demographic
transition.
New geographical markets are emerging. While the tier-I cities represent 6% of the population and account for 14% of
Indias GDP, tier-II represents about 7% of the nations population and contribute about 13% to GDP. Expansion into
these cities can be expected in the immediate future.
The fastest growing segment is the households earning more than Rs. 500,000 per annum. And the by scale the
largest sector in the coming decade will most likely be the households earning between 90000-200000 INR per
annum. This will contribute to income inequality in a particular band of incomes.
This shows the emergence of two very distinct (in terms of preference patterns) and important customer segments.
The former will increase the demand for wealth management and other related services. We can also expect the
number of HNIs to rise commensurately. The latter will want banks to provide easily accessible, mass-produced and
affordable products and services. The latter will also facilitate the need for expansion into tier II and III cities where the
growth in such populations can be expected.
Appendix 1 B
Macroeconomic Snapshot:
inflation, rising interest rates and policy impediments pulled down credit growth from 23% in 2011 to 16% in
2012
Poor infrastructure project execution and subdued capex in areas such as power took infrastructure loan
growth lower to 18.8% in February, 2012 from 40.0% a year ago.
The Indian Economy is at a pivotal position in light of the political and economic issues it faces or is likely to face. The
trickle-down from the global economic crisis has affected the financial sector directly and the other sector indirectly
through the linkages.
The lack of confidence of the economic agents in the economy is compounded by expectation failure working through
the adaptive expectations framework. Constantly frustrated expectations are reflected in the popularity of the catchphrase policy paralysis. This has built in uncertainty and fickle sentiments in the system. This behavioural impact on
the economy could cost us dearly.
However, efforts to remedy this are in place by bona fide reforms and reshuffling of pre-existing signalling agents. This
is supposed to provide positive signals to global investors; however, many are sceptical about its immediate efficacy in
re-establishing the signalling framework. The government credibility will take time to get restored enough to improve
confidence, reinforce expectations and improve economic conditions.
The private banking sector in India has less or hedged exposures to external disturbances. The confidence in the
robustness of the banking sector has not led to any bank runs. Also, the faltering stock markets make the safe
instruments offered by banks more attractive.
In the long term, however, banks have other prospects and issues to tackle with.
Appendix 1 C
Mortgage Market
1.
There could be a bourgening market for real estate and hence for mortgages. The India Infrastructure Report
2006 predicts a growth in Urban population which could be a contributing factor to increase in mortgage
business. FICCI-BCG predicts that mortgages will cross 40 trillion by 2020. The reasons why this forecast may
be creditable is:
a. Total mortgages have grown from 1.5% to 10% of total bank advances from 2000-20101
b. Mortgages are 7.7% of GDP currently, with the demographic trend towards urbanisation and rise in
the working-age population; we can expect a significant rise in this percentage. If this crosses 20%
by 2020, mortgages could grow to 40 trillion while currently the entire loan book of the banking
sector is 30 trillion.
c. Demographic reasons as discussed above.
Appendix 1 D
Sectoral Review
Power Sector
The CCEA has approved a restructuring plan that will remain open, in the first instance, till December 2012. Under this,
participating states will take over half the distribution companies outstanding debt; the rest will be restructured by
lenders. The immediate effect of the restructuring is the stress on banks. According to Standard & Poors, bank credit
to the power sector rose to Rs 3.3 lakh cr in March 2012 7.2 per cent of all bank lending. Meanwhile, SEB
distribution companies have run significant losses, casting doubt over their ability to repay and thus over financial
sector stability. In the same month, March 2012, the accumulated losses of discoms stood at Rs 2.46 lakh cr; and the
short-term debt of the seven states that accounted for 75 per cent of total debt liability (Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh,
Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana and Tamil Nadu) was Rs 1.2 lakh cr.
These restructurings necessitate tariffs to be linked to the costs. However, how likely the SEB discoms are to honour
their debt is uncertain owing to the political nature of tariff revisions and the risk of moral hazard.
Auto Sector
Due to many and varied factors such as high inflation, economic uncertainty and high fuel prices the September 2012
auto sales in the country have shown the steepest monthly fall in four years. This implies that the Auto Industry can
miss the governments Automotive Mission plan Target for FY16. SIAM has revised the growth forecasts from 11-13%
to 5-7%.
This does not spell well for the bank lending to auto sector and especially HDFC Bank which has around 40% exposure
of loan portfolio to this sector.
HDFC Bank
ICICI Bank
AXIS Bank
YES Bank
Kotak Bank
SBI
0.76%
0.15%
0.16%
0.09%
1.31%
0.66%
5.54%
4.68%
4.21%
3.68%
3.09%
5.04%
2003.17
10,607.00
1,806.30
83.86
699.74
49,648.70
1.02%
3.58%
1.04%
0.22%
1.29%
4.18%
NNPA
354.19
2,692.00
472.64
17.46
273.43
21,095.09
0.18%
0.92%
0.28%
0.05%
0.51%
1.81%
1.20
1.11
1.18
1.09
1.31
1.14
32.68%
20.29%
28.56%
25.92%
23.19%
29.71%
2,46,706.45
2,81,950.47
2,19,987.68
49,151.71
36,460.73
14,14,689.40
3,07,631.05
5,68,979.64
263991.58
66334.54
83015.26
1738927.21
Working funds
3,37,909.50
6,04,191.41
2,85,416.51
73,662.11
92,349.39
18,29,956.17
Net profits
5,167.02
7,937.63
4,218.51
977.00
1,850.53
15,973.31
Operating profits
8,950.35
12,092.99
7,413.02
1,540.22
2,755.24
40,857.24
Total debt
2,70,552.95
4,43,247.10
2,54,059.35
63,308.19
65,655.42
15,72,680.76
Net worth
29,924.37
61,276.50
22,681.71
4,676.64
12,935.87
1,06,230.01
9.04
7.23
11.20
13.54
5.08
14.80
1,95,420.03
2,92,125.42
1,69,759.54
37,988.64
53,143.61
11,63,670.21
Invest-ments
97,482.91
2,39,864.09
92,921.44
27,757.35
31,658.43
4,60,949.14
Interest income
27,286.30
37,994.86
21,994.90
6,307.36
8,470.42
1,47,197.39
8.87%
6.68%
8.33%
9.51%
10.20%
8.46%
5,243.69
28,663.42
5,487.19
857.12
4,543.40
29,835.44
1.80%
5.04%
2.08%
1.29%
5.47%
1.72%
8,590.06
29,552.05
6,099.89
932.53
5,716.62
46,856.03
8.42%
7.46%
7.46%
9.19%
10.22%
6.88%
8,950.35
12092.9851
7,413.02
1,540.22
2,755.24
40,857.24
2,41,896.32
4,41,488.00
2,31,711.39
51,982.63
74,279.29
11,12,982.46
GNPA
GNPA to Gross
advance
Interest income to
average working funds
Non-interest income
Non-interest income to
average working funds
Operating expenses
Interest spread
Net spread
Risk weighted assets
Net profit to awf
1.68%
1.40%
1.60%
1.47%
2.23%
0.92%
17.27%
12.95%
18.60%
20.89%
14.31%
15.04%
29.91%
19.74%
32.68%
32.93%
21.30%
38.46%
16.52%
19.60%
13.66%
17.90%
17.92%
13.68%
Tier I
11.60%
12.80%
9.45%
9.90%
16.54%
9.65%
Tier II
4.92%
6.80%
4.21%
8.00%
1.38%
4.03%
4,42,126.48
574075.89
389747.21
87,140.35
89,604.34
25,78,359.61
Business
Equity multiplier
1129.21%
9.86
12.58
15.75
7.14
17.23
3.92
2.26%
2.90%
2.33%
4.45%
3.30%
12,296.72
12,981.61
8,025.72
1,615.64
3,928.46
57,877.83
48.40%
42.13%
41.55%
14.96%
31.36%
40.69%
0.98%
1.22%
1.09%
0.17%
0.67%
2.90%
0.08
0.09
0.14
0.2
0.09
0.05
ROA
1.68
1.47
1.61
1.42
1.86
0.91
ROE
18.69
11.2
20.29
19
11.37
15.72
NIM
Net Interest Income
CASA Ratio
Slippage Ratio
Profits per employee
(Rs. Cr.)
Appendix 3 A
Income Statement (Rs. Cr.)
(Rs in Crs)
Year
FY 07
FY 08
FY 09
FY 10
FY 11
FY 12
FY 13 (E)
FY 14 (E)
FY 15 (E)
Interest Earned
6,648
10,115
16,332
16,173
19,928
27,286
32,681
38,869
46,644
Interest on advances
AVERAGE YIELD ON
ADVANCES
4,334
6,967
12,137
12,098
15,085
20,537
24,010
27,914
33,198
12.62%
14.96%
10.77%
10.56%
11.56%
11.18%
10.87%
10.86%
Income on investments
AVERAGE YIELD ON
INVESTMENTS
Interest on investment with RBI
and Banks
2,058
2,872
4,008
3,981
4,675
6,505
8,484
10,768
13,259
7.18%
7.41%
6.78%
7.22%
7.72%
7.51%
7.38%
7.28%
253
272
184
81
148
137
137
137
137
1,516
2,283
3,291
3,983
4,335
5,244
6,469
7,540
8,509
3,179
4,887
8,911
7,786
9,385
14,990
17,800
20,149
23,670
4.64%
5.86%
4.32%
4.21%
5.54%
5.44%
5.19%
5.10%
2,695
4,383
8,015
6,998
8,028
12,690
15,309
17,450
20,743
274
242
885
746
1,336
2,253
2,433
2,628
2,838
Other interest
210
262
11
43
20
47
58
71
89
3,468
5,228
7,421
8,387
10,543
12,297
14,881
18,719
22,974
INCOME :
Other Income
II. Expenditure
Interest expended
COST OF FUNDS
Interest on Deposits
4.10%
4.24%
3.91%
4.05%
4.20%
4.06%
4.20%
4.29%
Net Income
4,985
7,511
10,712
12,370
14,878
17,540
21,350
26,260
31,483
Operating expenses
Operating Profit - pre
provisioning
2,421
3,746
5,533
5,940
7,153
8,590
10,664
12,934
15,689
2,564
3,765
5,179
6,430
7,725
8,950
10,686
13,326
15,793
46.86%
37.54%
24.15%
20.15%
15.86%
19.39%
24.70%
18.51%
1,485
1,880
2,141
1,907
1,437
1,629
2,367
2,684
60.5%
26.6%
13.9%
-10.9%
-24.6%
13.4%
45.3%
13.4%
2,281
3,299
4,289
5,819
7,513
9,057
10,959
13,109
497
690
1,054
1,340
1,892
2,346
2,828
3,423
4,094
1,141
1,590
2,245
2,949
3,926
5,167
6,228
7,537
9,015
% growth
39.31%
41.17%
31.36%
33.15%
31.60%
20.54%
21.00%
19.62%
12.83%
11.44%
14.63%
16.18%
15.88%
15.91%
16.24%
16.35%
1.70
2.00
2.40
3.30
4.30
5.28
6.34
7.52
% growth
Provisions & Contingencies
925
% growth
Pre Tax Profit
Provision for Tax
PAT
1,639
1.40
FY07
FY08
FY09
FY10
FY11
FY12
FY13
FY14
FY15
319
354
425
458
465
469
469
469
469
6114
11143
14221
21062
24911
29455
34438
40467
47679
0.30
0.30
0.30
400.92
6433
11497
15053
21522
25379
29925
34907
40937
48149
68298
100769
142812
167404
208586
246706
296769
351447
417370
2815
4479
9164
12916
14394
23847
30160
36954
46300
13689
16432
16243
20616
28993
37432
43443
52330
60417
TOTAL LIABILITIES
91236
133177
183271
222459
277353
337909
405280
481668
572236
5075
12553
13527
15483
25101
14991
14255
11366
11819
3971
2225
3979
14459
4568
5947
3876
3365
2574
Investments
30565
49394
58818
58608
70929
97483
128541
163147
200888
61.6%
19.08%
-0.36%
21.02%
37.44%
31.86%
26.92%
23.13%
Advances
46945
63427
98883
125831
159983
195420
234243
279141
331982
35.11%
55.90%
27.25%
27.14%
22.15%
19.87%
19.17%
18.93%
1175
1707
2123
2171
2347
2644
2927
3251
ASSETS:
Cash & Balances with RBI
Balances with Banks & money at
Call
Fixed Assets
Other Assets
TOTAL ASSETS
967
3713
4403
6357
5955
14601
21722
21722
21722
21722
91236
133177
183271
222459
277353
337909
405280
481668
572236
2013(E)
2014(E)
2015(E)
4.20%
4.06%
4.20%
4.29%
Deposits
18.28%
20.29%
18.42%
18.76%
Loans
22.15%
19.87%
19.17%
18.93%
16.63%
21.01%
25.80%
22.73%
18.87%
15.00%
15.00%
10.00%
31.04%
60.43%
21.50%
21.39%
Operating Revenue
17.89%
21.72%
23.00%
19.89%
Operating Expense
20.09%
24.14%
21.29%
21.31%
15.86%
19.39%
24.70%
18.51%
31.60%
20.54%
21.00%
19.62%
PAT
31.60%
20.54%
21.00%
19.62%
EPS
22.11
26.42
31.70
37.61
DPS
4.30
5.28
6.34
7.52
ROA
1.68%
1.54%
1.56%
1.58%
YOY Growth
11.29
11.61
11.77
11.88
18.69%
17.84%
18.41%
18.72%
GNPA (%)
1.02%
1.05%
1.14%
1.19%
NNPA (%)
0.18%
0.21%
0.24%
0.25%
0.81%
0.91%
1.00%
1.00%
38.84%
39.67%
39.28%
39.09%
28.79%
30.00%
30.00%
30.00%
Upgradations (%)
0.10%
0.10%
0.10%
0.10%
CAR (%)
16.52%
15.48%
15.33%
15.22%
Tier 1 (%)
11.60%
11.48%
11.33%
11.22%
Tier 2 (%)
4.92%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
11.3
11.6
11.8
11.9
76.34%
75.00%
75.00%
75.00%
0.18%
0.21%
0.24%
0.25%
82.38%
80.48%
79.51%
78.76%
48.40%
46.47%
45.82%
45.31%
0.85
0.86
0.86
0.86
41.28%
38.24%
38.43%
38.00%
3.64%
3.67%
3.89%
4.01%
1.55%
1.60%
1.57%
1.49%
669
7.82
719
772
850
8.43
9.23
10.22
ROE
Asset Quality
Leverage (x)
Risk weighted assets / Total Assets
(%)
Solvency Ratios
Net NPA
Provision Coverage Ratio
Liquidity Ratios
CASA Ratio
Funding volatility Ratio
liquid Asset to Total Asset
Profitability Ratios
NII/Working Funds
Non Interest Income / Working
Funds
Productivity
Business per employee (in lakhs)
Profit per employee (in lakhs)
8.20%
9.00%
Beta
0.95
Cost of Equity
16.75%
Year of Valuation
2012
3%
Source:Team Estimates
Residual Income Calculation :
Cost of Equity
Net Income
FY
FY
FY
FY
2012
2013(E)
2014(E)
2015(E)
16.75%
5,167.02
6,228.49
7,536.57
9,015.28
5012.4
5847.0
6856.9
8064.9
154.64
381.49
679.66
950.33
Beginning BV of Equity
29,924.7
34,907.5
40,936.7
48,148.9
16.75%
16.75%
16.75%
16.75%
5012.4
5847.0
6856.9
8064.9
39,645.9
588.7
2.2
2.1
593
We see that
is akin to the
formula:
Assumptions:
HDFC Securities Ltd:
Revenue Growth: Growing at 10% for first four years and then declining linearly to 3%.
Terminal Growth: 3% p.a.
For calculating WACC, we have used CAPM model in which beta has been taken of comparable brokerage houses
(edelweiss) i.e. 1.1
HDB Financial Services Ltd:
Loan Book Growth: Over the past couple of years it has grown substantially at over 100%, but because of higher base
effect we have factored a growth of 50%, 40% and 30% for the next three years.
CMP
2012
2013(E)
2014(E)
628
2015(E)
P/E
28.40
23.77
19.81
16.70
P/BV
4.90
4.24
3.65
3.13
BVPS
128.06
148.08
172.20
200.85
DPS
4.30
5.28
6.34
7.52
FY 07
FY 08
21,477
37,836
52,687
16,359
14,851
-799
3,864
37.3
30.1
28.1
761
1,412
1,725
77
651
Addition
Branch Addition
1,605
ATM Addition
2,289
Growth
FY 12
FY 13(E)
51,888
55,752
66,076
73,876
FY 14(E)
FY 15(E)
7,800
7,800
6,500
26.0
26.00
26.00
1,986
2,544
2,844
3,144
313
261
558
300.00
300.00
250.00
85.55%
22.17%
15.13%
28.10%
11.79%
10.55%
7.95%
1,977
3,295
4,232
5,471
8,913
372
1,318
937
1,239
3,442
2,738
4,707
5,957
7,457
71.9%
26.6%
25.2%
11.26%
ATM
FY 11
88,176
49.7
684
FY 10
81,676
Branch Wise
Branches
FY 09
19.6%
10,324
11,457
53.6%
12,413
3500.00
15,257
33.2%
2. Deposits
16,413
4000.00
19,557
28.2%
26.00
3,394
20,413
4000.00
23,807
21.7%
(Rs in cr)
Demand deposit
19,811.8
From Banks
695.4
From Others
19,116.5
Growth %
Savings Depo
19,584.8
Growth %
CASA Depo
39,396.7
Growth %
Proportion%
57.7%
28,901.3
Term Depo
1,505.3
27,396.0
Growth %
Proportion%
TOTAL DEPOSIT
Growth
42.3%
68,298
28,444.9
759.2
27,915.0
27,685.7
45.2%
-1.1%
26,153.9
34,914.7
33.5%
33.5%
54,913.6
63,359.7
39.4%
15.4%
44.4%
54.5%
45,855.0
1,519.6
0.9%
Growth %
From Others
844.7
58.7%
Growth %
From Banks
28,759.7
44,335.4
79,451.9
73.3%
1,630.5
7.3%
77,821.4
37,227.1
46,460.5
1,055.5
1,018.5
36,171.6
45,442.0
30.9%
49,876.8
42.9%
24.8%
63,447.8
45,407.8
912.2
44,495.6
-2.3%
73,998.0
52,082.2
912.2
51,170.0
15.0%
85,837.7
912.2
58,845.5
15.0%
1,01,288.5
27.2%
16.6%
1,09,908.3
1,19,405.9
37.5%
26.2%
8.6%
15.5%
16.8%
52.0%
52.7%
48.4%
46.5%
45.8%
87,103.9
16%
59,757.7
1,37,920
18.0%
1,61,046.2
80,300.6
98,678.1
1,27,300.6
1,58,849
1,90,400.7
1.1%
22.9%
29.0%
24.8%
19.9%
1,382.4
1,426.8
1,384.0
1,453.2
-15.2%
3.2%
-3.0%
5.0%
5.0%
78,918.1
97,251.4
1,25,916.6
1,57,396
1,88,874.9
1,525.8
68,584.5
912.2
67,672.3
15.0%
1,20,533.3
19.0%
1,89,117.8
17.4%
45.3%
2,28,252.0
19.9%
1,602.1
5.0%
2,26,649.8
61.8%
75.5%
1.4%
23.2%
29.5%
25.0%
20.0%
20.0%
45.5%
55.6%
48.0%
47.3%
51.6%
53.5%
54.2%
54.7%
1,67,404
2,08,586
2,46,706
2,96,769
3,51,447
1,00,769
47.5%
1,42,812
41.7%
17.2%
24.6%
18.3%
20.3%
18.4%
4,17,370
18.8%
3. Borrowings
(Rs in cr)
In India
2,815.4
RBI
Other Banks
4,478.9
925.6
9,163.6
-
886.8
Other Insti
155.7
Growth %
Sub-ordinated debts
0.2
14,394.1
1,043.9
-4.20%
12,915.7
17.72%
5,645.1
120.0
1,908.0
82.78%
7,526.3
2565844.7%
33.3%
48.4
-66.67%
10.0%
10.0%
-63.05%
23.30%
6,947.1
36,953.6
44.0
869.3
-87.7%
30,160.3
40.0
705.1
927.0
-99.9%
23,846.5
2,818.2
204.0%
10,596.9
1,043.2
20.0%
3,241.0
15.0%
1,251.8
20.0%
3,727.1
15.0%
46,299.6
53.2
10.0%
1,502.2
20.0%
4,286.2
15.0%
10,596.9
10,596.9
10,596.9
15,235.3
21,329.4
29,861.1
52.54%
Outside India
1,734.1
3,591.9
107.1%
Total Borrowing
2,815.4
4,478.9
2,474.6
-31.1%
9,163.6
3,481.4
40.7%
12,915.7
5,694.9
63.6%
14,394.1
9,522.0
67.2%
23,846.5
60.0%
30,160.3
4. Other Liabilities
and Provision
Bills Payable
36,953.6
40.0%
46,299.6
(Rs in cr)
3,678.1
Growth %
Interest Accrued
% of Term Deposit
and Borrowing
Others (including
provisions)
40.0%
3,157.2
-14.2%
1,703.8
1,674.8
2,922.4
-7.4%
3,323.9
2.4%
1.6%
2.2%
8,307.2
11,600.0
9,996.5
8.7%
5.5%
16,431.9
16,242.8
% of total assets
13,689.1
Growth %
-1.2%
5,925.7
102.8%
1,996.8
1.1%
12,693.4
5.7%
20,615.9
26.9%
5,636.1
-4.9%
2,793.7
1.3%
20,563.0
7.4%
28,992.9
40.6%
5,465.7
-3.0%
5,207.1
1.9%
26,759.1
7.9%
37,431.9
29.1%
5,739.0
5.0%
5,281.5
1.4%
32,422.4
8.0%
43,442.9
16.1%
5. Fixed Assets
A. Premises (
including land)
6,026.0
5.0%
5,362.5
1.5%
40,941.8
8.5%
52,330.3
20.5%
6,327.3
5.0%
5,449.9
1.6%
48,640.1
8.5%
60,417.3
15.5%
(Rs in cr)
Gross Block
Opening
314.5
367.7
524.4
716.1
979.7
Additions/Deductions
53.2
156.7
191.6
263.7
47.6
24.7
% of opening
16.92%
36.54%
36.83%
4.86%
2.40%
42.62%
Total
367.7
524.4
716.0
979.8
Depreciation
65.3
81.5
141.7
177.8
210.7
248.9
19.80%
18.15%
20.51%
574.2
802.0
816.7
% of gross block
Net Block
17.76%
302.4
15.54%
442.9
1,027.3
1,027.3
1,052.0
1,052.0
1,073.0
1,094.5
21.0
21.5
21.9
2.0%
2.0%
1,073.0
2.0%
1,094.5
1,116.4
253.9
259.0
264.1
23.66%
23.7%
23.7%
803.1
819.2
835.5
23.7%
852.2
B. Other Fixed
Asset (including
furniture and
fixture)
Gross Block
Opening
Additions/Deletions
1,231.1
274.9
22.33%
Total
Depreciation
% of gross block
Net Block
1,506.0
842
55.89%
1,506.0
312.7
20.76%
1,818.7
1,087
59.74%
664.3
732.2
43.8
43.8
1,818.8
2,779
960.4
494.4
488.7
661.4
52.81%
17.79%
14.93%
17.58%
2,779.2
3,273.6
3,273.6
3,762.2
3,762.3
4,423.6
4,423.6
1,648
1,961
2,408
2,879
59.30%
59.89%
64.01%
65.09%
1,131.1
1,313.1
1,354.1
1,544.2
5,087.2
5,850.2
663.5
763.1
877.5
15.0%
15.0%
15.0%
5,087.2
5,850.2
6,727.8
3,306.7
3,802.7
4,373.1
65.0%
1,780.5
65.0%
65.0%
2,047.6
2,354.7
454.7
454.7
454.7
C. Assets on
Lease(Plant and
machinery)
Gross Block
Opening
Additions
Total
43.8
461.4
417.5
-7
454.7
454.7
43.8
43.8
461.4
454.7
454.7
454.7
11.8
11.8
11.7
409.3
402.6
410.4
397.6
-6.7
7.8
409.3
402.6
410.4
410.4
44.25
Depreciation
Opening
charge for the year
Total
11.8
Lease adjustment
account
32.08
32.08
52.07
52.07
44.25
44.25
44.25
44.25
1917.58
2386.96
3956.51
4708.06
5244.27
5930.31
6614.90
7399.43
8298.86
998.77
1207.18
1757.38
2167.14
2214.96
2391.51
2643.91
2927.37
3251.22
Gross Block
Net Block
11.8
6. Investments
Government Sec
(Rs in cr)
22,544
31,666
40.5%
Approved Sec
Shares
64.7%
51,050
53,651
76,218
1,02,894
1,33,762
-2.1%
5.1%
42.1%
35.0%
30.0%
1,67,203
25.0%
0.7
0.6
1.3
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
58.3
34.5
39.7
103.5
93.5
83.6
92.0
110.4
132.4
160.56%
-9.69%
-10.57%
10.0%
20.0%
534.8
962.8
-40.90%
Debentures/Bonds
52,157
7,389.9
6,251.7
-15.4%
15.30%
1,942.8
1,139.3
1,444.3
1,660.9
-68.9%
-41.4%
-53.1%
80.0%
50.0%
15.0%
155.1
155.1
745.1
754.8
754.8
754.8
Subsidiaries/JV
21.6
123.8
Others
550.0
11,317.2
4,521.8
1957.8%
-60.0%
6,112.1
35.2%
15,815.8
158.8%
19,462.7
23.1%
23,355.2
20.0%
26,858.5
15.0%
20.0%
1,910.0
15.0%
754.8
30,887.3
15.0%
Net value of
investments
30,565
Growth %
Held to Maturity
49,393
58,817
58,560
70,841
97,482
1,28,541
1,63,147
2,00,888
61.6%
19.1%
-0.4%
21.0%
37.6%
31.9%
26.9%
23.1%
19493.79
26010.11
39919.68
41754.32
41936.49
60424.25
77125
97888
120533
64%
53%
68%
71%
59%
62%
60%
60%
60%
10642.80
12407.46
12888.25
12125.58
26504.97
27775.37
38562.26
48944.23
60266.40
35%
25%
22%
21%
37%
28%
30%
30%
30%
428.21
10975.97
6009.62
4727.72
2487.91
9283.29
12854.09
16314.74
20088.80
1%
22%
10%
8%
4%
10%
10%
10%
10%
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
OUTSIDE INDIA
Shares
Debentures/Bonds
Net value of
investments
Total value of
investments
0.2
0.2
0.2
47.2
87.8
0.2
0.2
0.2
47.2
88.4
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
1,28,541.5
1,63,148.0
2,00,888.6
30,564.8
49,393.5
58,817.5
58,607.6
70,929.4
97,482.9
7. Advances
(Rs in cr)
TYPE
Bills Purchased
804.8
1,637.4
4,855.3
6,361.5
9,711.2
12,212.4
14,523.1
17,306.7
20,582.9
Growth %
103.5%
196.5%
31.0%
52.7%
25.8%
18.9%
19.2%
18.9%
Share %
2.6%
4.9%
5.1%
6.1%
6.2%
6.2%
6.2%
6.2%
15,437.7
21,597.2
Growth %
49.2%
39.9%
11.1%
123.2%
28.2%
20.1%
19.2%
18.9%
Share %
24.3%
21.8%
19.1%
33.5%
35.1%
35.2%
35.2%
35.2%
46,351.8
72,430.5
1,14,580.4
1,37,266.6
1,63,576.4
Growth %
29.5%
56.3%
31.8%
1.3%
18.5%
19.8%
19.2%
18.9%
Share %
73.1%
73.2%
75.9%
60.5%
58.6%
58.6%
58.6%
58.6%
42,662.9
73,467.8
1,17,492.9
1,42,059.8
1,70,294.9
2,02,935.3
Growth %
29.9%
72.2%
21.5%
31.7%
20.9%
19.9%
19.2%
18.9%
Share %
Covered by Bank/
govt guarantee
67.3%
74.3%
70.9%
73.4%
72.7%
72.7%
72.7%
72.7%
Cash Credits
Term Loans
Secured by
Tangible Assets
10,344.5
35,795.5
32,845.4
522.4
1,752.5
2,495.6
23,985.3
95,483.9
89,232.8
2,946.2
53,541.9
96,729.6
3,313.7
68,627.2
5,555.3
82,453.6
6,558.8
98,257.5
7,815.9
1,16,857.7
1,94,541.5
2,41,350.9
9,295.5
Growth %
235.5%
42.4%
18.1%
12.5%
67.6%
18.1%
19.2%
18.9%
Share %
2.8%
2.5%
2.3%
2.1%
2.8%
2.8%
2.8%
2.8%
19,011.5
22,919.6
Growth %
40.0%
20.6%
46.8%
16.4%
22.0%
20.0%
19.2%
18.9%
Share %
SECTOR (
Advances in India)
30.0%
23.2%
26.7%
24.5%
24.5%
24.5%
24.5%
24.5%
17,426.3
29,781.6
Growth %
-1.5%
70.9%
48.3%
24.1%
16.6%
22.5%
20.0%
19.0%
Share %
37.1%
47.0%
44.7%
43.5%
39.9%
40.0%
40.1%
40.0%
Unsecured
13,577.0
Priority Sector
Public Sector
Banks
17,683.1
205.2
477.2
3,083.1
33,651.6
44,157.6
5,263.5
39,176.0
54,781.2
5,400.1
47,805.0
63,863.0
7,053.9
57,389.6
78,232.2
7,759.2
68,389.5
93,878.6
8,535.2
81,335.6
1,11,715.5
9,388.7
Growth %
132.6%
546.1%
70.7%
2.6%
30.6%
10.0%
10.0%
10.0%
Share %
0.8%
3.1%
4.2%
3.4%
3.6%
3.3%
3.1%
2.8%
366.7
622.9
28.6
371.4
375.1
378.9
38.3
8.8
382.7
Growth %
-77.2%
4090.5%
69.9%
-95.4%
1198.5%
1.0%
1.0%
1.0%
Share %
0.0%
0.4%
0.5%
0.0%
0.2%
0.2%
0.1%
0.1%
45,514.7
64,818.3
1,18,210.2
1,41,852.2
1,70,222.7
Growth %
56.8%
42.4%
13.9%
28.9%
24.3%
20.0%
20.0%
20.0%
Share %
Total Advances
from India
Advances outside
India
71.8%
65.6%
58.7%
59.5%
60.5%
60.6%
61.0%
61.5%
46,944.8
63,426.9
98,049.7
1,23,852.2
1,55,329.1
1,89,498.5
2,28,218.8
2,73,015.3
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1380.99
1841.86
1859.18
1876.65
1894.29
0.86%
0.94%
0.94%
0.94%
0.94%
3272.55
4079.70
4165.37
4248.68
4333.65
2.0%
2.1%
2.1%
2.0%
2.0%
Others
29,018.2
Total advances
0.00
46,944.8
Growth %
Credit Deposit Ratio
8. Cash and
Balances with RBI
Cash in hand
(including foreign
currency)
68.7%
639.28
0.00
833.38
73,808.2
1978.43
95,119.2
2,04,267.2
3,25,754.1
63,426.9
98,883.0
1,25,830.6
1,59,982.7
1,95,420.0
2,34,243.3
2,79,140.7
35.1%
55.9%
27.3%
27.1%
22.2%
19.9%
19.2%
18.9%
62.9%
69.2%
75.2%
76.7%
79.2%
78.9%
79.4%
79.5%
940.09
1,586.19
2,435.26
2,997.95
4,306.96
4,684.9
2,791.4
3,31,982.0
3,319.8
% of Advances
1.5%
1.6%
1.9%
1.9%
2.2%
2.00%
1.00%
1.00%
Growth %
47.1%
68.7%
53.5%
23.1%
43.7%
8.8%
-40.4%
18.9%
12948
22002.86
10484.13
4335.97
11513.09
11841.02
% of Advances
9.24%
18.15%
11.97%
10.29%
13.75%
5.36%
In other account
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
200.00
200.00
200.00
5075.25
12553.18
13527.21
15483.28
25100.82
14991.09
14254.60
11365.63
Total
10. Interest
Received
Interest On
Advances
% of Advances
% of Net
Investments
Growth %
Interest on
investment with RBI
and Banks
Growth %
Total Interest
Received
4.00%
8374.22
3.00%
8299.55
2.50%
200.00
11819.37
(Rs in cr)
4,334.15
6,966.73
9.2%
11.0%
12.3%
60.7%
74.2%
Growth %
Income on
investments
9369.73
12,136.75
15,085.01
20,536.60
9.6%
9.4%
10.5%
10.25%
10.00%
10.00%
-0.3%
24.7%
36.1%
16.9%
16.3%
18.9%
5.81%
6.81%
6.80%
6.60%
6.67%
6.60%
6.60%
6.60%
39.6%
39.6%
-0.7%
17.4%
39.1%
30.4%
26.9%
23.1%
6,644.6
7.69%
-32.35%
10,111.2
16,329.0
80.96
-56.06%
16,160.5
148.08
82.91%
19,908.5
6,504.50
137.10
8,483.70
10,767.73
33,198.2
6.73%
184.26
4,675.44
27,914.1
2,872.04
272.39
3,981.29
24,009.9
2,057.53
252.94
4,007.96
12,098.28
137.10
137.10
32,630.7
38,818.9
13,258.61
137.10
-7.41%
27,178.2
46,593.9
(Rs in cr)
1,292.4
Growth %
P/L Investments
1,714.5
32.7%
-68.4
241.8
% of Investments
P/L Assets
P/L Exchange
transaction
0.5%
-1.1
190.4
Growth %
0.7
283.1
48.74%
2,457.3
2,830.6
15.2%
382.6
345.1
0.7%
0.6%
4.2
4.0
598.6
610.2
920.8
111.43%
1.94%
50.91%
37.41%
0.4
1.2
Total
0.8
-0.1%
-
103.0
Growth %
Non interest Income
27.1%
52.6
43.0
-58.2%
223.9
1,516.2
Growth %
568.7
2,283.2
50.6%
4,275.5
43.3%
Dividend Income
Misc Income
3,596.7
129.4
18.9%
4,916.8
15.00%
5,654.3
15.00%
6,219.8
10.00%
-195.9
134.4
163.1
-0.2%
0.10%
0.10%
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1,822.1
2,186.6
1,265.4
20.00%
20.00%
1.2
102.9
1.2
101.9
0.10%
20.00%
1.2
-152.0
17.7
-453.3%
111.7%
-830.3%
19.7%
1.00%
1.00%
1.00%
833.30
977.02
737.99
967.03
1551.41
1884.89
2288.08
3,290.6
44.1%
3,807.6
15.7%
-104.0
1,518.5
200.9
4,335.2
13.9%
5,243.7
21.0%
6,469.4
23.4%
-100.9
7,540.4
16.6%
8,509.0
12.8%
2,695.3
4,382.7
8,015.5
6,997.7
8,028.3
12,689.7
15,309.0
17,450.4
20,742.8
% of Deposits
4.5%
5.7%
4.2%
3.9%
5.2%
5.20%
5.00%
5.00%
Growth %
62.6%
82.9%
-12.7%
14.7%
58.1%
20.6%
14.0%
18.9%
884.76
745.5
274.05
242.43
1,336.4
2,252.9
2,433.1
2,627.7
2,838.0
% of Deposits
27.3%
37.0%
30.6%
54.7%
98.1%
102.9%
107.8%
112.9%
Growth %
-11.5%
265.0%
-15.7%
79.3%
68.6%
8.00%
8.00%
8.00%
10.89
43.1
20.3
47.0
58.1
71.3
7.3%
0.1%
0.4%
0.1%
0.2%
0.20%
0.20%
-95.8%
295.6%
-52.8%
131.4%
23.6%
22.6%
25.5%
4887.12
8911.10
7786.30
9385.08
14989.58
17800.22
20149.49
23670.22
Other Interest
210.08
% of Deposits
261.96
Growth %
Total
3179.45
13. Operating
Expense
Payment to
Employees
776.9
Growth %
Depreciation
67.5%
219.6
% of Gross Block
Other Opex
1424.30
Growth %
2,420.8
Growth %
1,301.4
2,238.2
2,289.2
2,836.0
3,399.9
4,079.9
4,895.9
89.5
0.20%
5,875.0
72.0%
2.3%
23.9%
19.9%
20.00%
20.00%
359.9
394.4
497.4
542.5
595.3
665.9
11.4%
9.1%
8.4%
9.5%
9.1%
9.00%
9.00%
9.00%
2172.52
2934.70
3080.88
3984.54
4864.71
5988.46
7371.79
9067.30
52.5%
35.1%
5.0%
29.3%
23.1%
23.10%
23.10%
23.00%
271.7
3,745.6
54.7%
5,532.8
47.7%
5,764.4
4.2%
7,318.0
27.0%
8,807.1
20.3%
10,663.7
21.1%
12,933.6
21.3%
20.00%
746.9
15,689.2
21.3%
14.Provisions and
Contingencies
Provision for wealth
tax
Provision for NPA
% of Net Advances
Provision for
diminution in value of
non performing
investment
Provision for
standard assets
other provisions and
contingencies
Total
Provision for Income
tax
0.40
0.45
0.61
0.55
0.60
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
691.15
1026.37
1605.80
1938.93
763.02
651.58
936.97
1674.84
1991.89
1.62%
1.62%
1.54%
0.48%
0.33%
0.40%
0.60%
0.60%
0.00
0.00
0.00
93.40
0.00
0.00
0.00
169.86
189.66
120.48
0.00
0.00
150.50
150.50
150.50
150.50
63.75
268.30
152.82
201.11
1143.09
541.22
541.22
541.22
541.22
925.16
1484.78
1879.71
2140.59
1906.71
1437.25
1629.24
2367.11
2684.16
497.30
690.45
1054.31
1340.44
1892.26
2346.07
2828.50
3422.52
4094.04
30.27%
31.96%
31.25%
32.52%
31.23%
31.23%
31.23%
31.23%
2175.23
2934.02
3481.03
3798.97
3783.32
4457.74
5789.64
6778.20
1.41%
1.95%
1.41%
1.05%
1.02%
1.05%
1.14%
1.19%
0.47%
0.63%
0.31%
0.19%
0.18%
0.21%
0.24%
0.25%
% of Operating Profit
Total Provisioning
1422.46
Opening balance
Additions during the
year
% of Advances
Sub Total
508.9
657.8
778.6
1,202.8
1.66%
1,287.5
1.90%
1,860.5
907.0
1,951.5
1,816.8
1,694.3
1,999.4
2,492.2
3,208.1
3,413.3
2,610.9
1,451.0
1,574.9
2,131.6
2,791.4
3,319.8
3.45%
4,320.3
2.07%
4,562.4
0.91%
3,267.7
0.81%
3,269.2
0.91%
4,131.0
1.00%
5,283.6
1.00%
6,527.9
Less:
Upgradations
66.21
252.35
197.08
234.24
279.14
331.98
0.1%
0.2%
0.1%
0.10%
0.10%
0.10%
144.83
430.76
152.53
131.45
165.24
211.35
261.11
3.4%
9.4%
4.7%
4.0%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
2187.37
2248.67
1168.52
941.32
1239.30
1585.09
1958.36
50.6%
49.3%
35.8%
28.8%
30.0%
30.0%
30.0%
% of Advances
Recoveries
% of Gross NPA
Write Offs
% of Gross NPA
Reductions during
the year (including
technical write off)
Closing balance
Provision Coverage
GNPAs to Total
Advances (%)
Movement of NPAs
(NET)
Opening balance
Net Additions during
the year
% of Gross NPA
Addition
(629.73)
(953.55)
(2332.20)
(2745.64)
(1573.40)
(1269.85)
(1638.78)
(2075.57)
(2551.46)
48.9%
51.3%
54.0%
60.2%
48.1%
38.8%
39.7%
39.3%
39.1%
657.8
1.38%
907.0
1,988.1
1,816.8
1,694.3
1,999.4
2,492.2
3,208.1
3,976.4
37.89%
119.20%
-8.62%
-6.74%
18.00%
24.65%
28.72%
24.0%
67.09%
68.43%
78.42%
82.51%
82.38%
80.48%
79.51%
78.76%
1.41%
1.95%
1.41%
1.05%
1.02%
1.05%
1.14%
1.19%
155.2
202.9
298.5
627.6
392.1
296.4
352.3
486.5
657.2
54.7
98.1
400.4
35.1
176.5
255.8
335.0
398.4
2.42%
11.21%
12.00%
12.00%
7.02%
8.16%
11.73%
0.00%
12.00%
Reductions during
the year (including
technical write off)
% of Net NPA
Addition
Closing balance
NNPAs to Net
Advances (%)
6.97
202.9
0.43%
2.47
298.5
0.47%
71.32
235.57
130.76
120.55
121.62
164.29
211.11
10.20%
37.53%
30.61%
25.49%
20.00%
20.00%
20.00%
627.6
392.1
296.4
352.3
486.5
657.2
0.63%
0.31%
0.19%
0.18%
0.21%
0.24%
844.4
0.25%
Movement of
provision for NPAs
Opening balance
Provision made
during the year
353.7
454.9
723.9
1,104.7
% of advances
Write offs/ Write
backs
% of Total provision
for NPA
1.5%
1.7%
3.0%
2.1%
0.9%
0.7%
0.90%
0.90%
0.90%
622.76
951.08
2260.87
2550.45
1442.64
1149.30
1502.10
1906.17
2338.84
57.8%
61.0%
62.4%
64.2%
50.8%
41.1%
40.00%
40.00%
40.00%
Closing balance
454.9
608.5
608.5
1,323.9
1,424.7
1,397.9
1,647.1
2,253.2
2,859.3
3,012.9
2,651.3
1,415.9
1,398.4
2,108.2
2,512.3
2,987.8
1,360.5
1,424.7
1,397.9
1,647.1
2,253.2
2,859.3
3,508.3
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
Year
Revenue
Growth
10
10.0%
10.0%
10.0%
10.0%
9.0%
8.0%
7.0%
6.0%
5.0%
4.0%
Opeating
Expense/Sales
48.2%
48.2%
48.2%
48.2%
48.2%
48.2%
48.2%
48.2%
48.2%
48.2%
33.9%
33.9%
33.9%
33.9%
33.9%
33.9%
33.9%
33.9%
33.9%
33.9%
62.2%
62.2%
62.2%
62.2%
62.2%
62.2%
62.2%
62.2%
62.2%
62.2%
75.8%
75.8%
75.8%
75.8%
75.8%
75.8%
75.8%
75.8%
75.8%
75.8%
Tax Rate
Current
Assets/Sales
Current
Liabilities/Sales
Cost of Capital
Terminal
Growth Rate
19.0%
3.0%
Discounted
Cash Flow
Sales
231.011
254.1121
279.52331
307.47564
335.14845
361.96032
387.29755
410.5354
431.06217
448.304657
COGS + S&A
111.24078
122.36486
134.60135
148.06148
161.38701
174.29797
186.49883
197.68876
207.5732
215.876128
Operating Profit
119.77022
131.74724
144.92196
159.41416
173.76144
187.66235
200.79872
212.84664
223.48897
232.428529
Taxes
40.602104
44.662315
49.128546
54.041401
58.905127
63.617537
68.070764
72.15501
75.762761
78.7932712
NOPAT
79.168115
87.084926
95.793419
105.37276
114.85631
124.04481
132.72795
140.69163
147.72621
153.635258
Change in NWC
-31.38661
-34.52527
-37.97779
-41.77557
-45.53537
-49.1782
-52.62068
-55.77792
-58.56682
-60.909489
110.55472
121.61019
133.77121
147.14833
160.39168
173.22302
185.34863
196.46955
206.29303
214.544746
Capex, net of
Dep.
Terminal Value
1381.1318
Total Flows
110.55472
121.61019
133.77121
147.14833
160.39168
173.22302
185.34863
196.46955
206.29303
1595.67655
PV
92.903127
85.87684
79.381953
73.378276
67.212034
60.999157
54.847982
48.856185
43.108399
280.204592
Enterprise Value
as on 31 March
2011
886.76855
Less: Current
Debt
Equity Value as
on 31 March
886.76855
Equity Value on
30 September
2012
812.89939
HDFC Bank's
holding
0.6302
Value of HDFC
holding
512.2892
Intrinsic value
per share
25
0.00%
Growth in EPS
20.00%
Stable Firm
Growth till perpetuity
3%
Payout ratio
82%
ROE
17%
cost of equity
21.65%
Final P/BV
0.5
915
236
97.03%
Bv per share
4.00
2.13
Independent Committees : The composition of all committees and their roles are disclosed very
effectively
Transparency and Accountability: The cardinal principles such as independence, accountability,
responsibility, transparency, fair and timely disclosures, credibility, etc. serve as the means for
implementing the philosophy of corporate Governance.
Whistle Blower Policy: The Bank has adopted the Whistle Blower Policy pursuant to which
employees of the Bank can raise their concerns relating to fraud, malpractice or any other activity
or event which is against the interest of the Bank or society as a whole
Compensation Structure: The Compensation structure is disclosed adequately
Means of communication: Half yearly reports, Quarterly reports, Annual report are made available.
Governance
Environment
Board
Product
Compensation
and benefits
Policy and
Reporting
Leadership
ethics
Human Rights
and Supply Chain
Diversity and
Labor Rights
Resource
Management
Transparency
and Reporting
Training, health
and safety
Community
development
Overall
Community
Employees
Environment
Governance
46
47
52
37
48
41
48
42
34
40
47
49
57
35
50
49
51
50
45
50
41
47
48
36
35
2013-14(E)
2014-15(E)
2015-16(E)
2016-17(E)
Minimum Tier I
6.000%
6.500%
7.000%
7.000%
7.000%
Minimum Tier II
3.000%
2.500%
2.000%
2.000%
2.000%
0.000%
0.625%
1.250%
1.875%
2.500%
Tier I + CCB
6.000%
7.125%
8.250%
8.875%
9.500%
Total
9.000%
9.625%
10.250%
10.875%
11.500%
3,12,147.19
3,77,698.10
4,57,014.70
5,52,987.79
6,69,115.22
34,898.38
40,866.68
48,134.63
56,695.13
66,778.09
12,270.78
12,270.78
11,856.78
10,654.78
10,244.78
11.18%
10.82%
10.53%
10.25%
9.98%
3.93%
3.25%
2.59%
1.93%
1.53%
15.11%
14.07%
13.13%
12.18%
11.51%
The rating A indicates that the institution is basically sound in every respect and it gives no
cause for supervising concern
The rating B indicates that although the insitution is fundamentally sound and its operation are
satisfactory, it does reflect modest weakness for which the supervisory response is limited to
minor adjustments.
The rating C exhibits a combination of financial, operational and compliance weakness ranging
from moderately severe to unsatisfactory
HDFC BANK
Ratios for CAMELS
CRAR
C
L
S
D/E
Weights
70%
Total
Weight
18%
15%
COVERAGE RATIO
15%
NNPA
10%
GSEC/Total Investments
HDFC
Score
Score
16.52%
B1
B2
9.04
8.75%
B2
0.18%
A1
10
30%
78.19%
A3
60%
98.30%
A2
25%
6.54
C2
25%
0.08
B3
CDR
50%
0.33%
A3
ROA
25%
1.53
A3
NII/Total Assets
25%
3.60%
A3
25%
2.65%
A3
Cost / Income
25%
49%
A3
25%
4.40%
A2
25%
22.60%
A3
50%
8.49%
B2
100%
A3
18%
18%
10%
18%
18%
W*IS
Ind
Score
W*S
6.7
B2
1.206
8.8
A3
1.584
B2
1.08
A3
0.8
7.25
B1
1.305
A3
1.44
7.5
7.4
Rating
B1
Rating
B1
Adjusted
B1
Adjusted
B1
ICICI BANK
Ratios for CAMELS
CRAR
C
D/E
70%
Total
Weight
18%
15%
ICICI
Score
Score
19.60%
A2
A3
B1
7.23
9.70%
COVERAGE RATIO
15%
NNPA
10%
0.92%
B3
GSEC/Total Investments
Standard Adv / Total
Advances
30%
41.42%
B3
60%
95.54%
B2
25%
7.08
C2
25%
0.09
B3
CDR
50%
1.25%
C2
B1
B3
ROA
E
Weights
25%
18%
18%
10%
NII/Total Assets
Operating Profit / Total
Assets
25%
1.47
2.15%
25%
2.00%
B2
Cost / Income
25%
70.96%
B3
25%
3.43%
B1
25%
16.44%
B2
50%
14.60%
A1
10
100%
18%
18%
A3
W*IS
Ind Score
W*S
8.55
A3
1.539
5.6
B3
1.008
3.5
C2
0.63
5.75
B3
0.575
8.25
A3
1.485
A3
1.44
6.6
6.7
Rating
B2
Rating
B2
Adjusted
C1
Adjusted
C1
AXIS BANK
Ratios for CAMELS
CRAR
C
D/E
70%
Total
Weight
18%
15%
Axis
Score
Score
13.66%
B3
B3
B3
11.20
7.78%
COVERAGE RATIO
15%
NNPA
10%
0.28%
A2
GSEC/Total Investments
Standard Adv / Total
Advances
30%
62.87%
B1
60%
97.97%
A3
25%
12.76
B2
25%
0.14
A3
CDR
50%
0.77%
B3
A3
B2
ROA
E
Weights
25%
18%
18%
10%
NII/Total Assets
Operating Profit / Total
Assets
25%
1.61
2.81%
25%
2.60%
A3
Cost / Income
25%
45.14%
A3
25%
3.75%
A3
25%
20.47%
B1
50%
6.33%
B3
100%
18%
18%
A3
W*IS
Ind
Score
W*S
B3
0.9
7.8
B1
1.404
B2
1.08
7.5
B1
0.75
6.25
B2
1.125
A3
1.44
6.76
6.70
Rating
B2
Rating
B2
Adjusted
B2
Adjusted
B2
YES BANK
Ratios for CAMELS
CRAR
C
D/E
70%
Total
Weight
18%
15%
Yes
Score
Score
17.90%
A3
C2
C1
0.05%
A1
10
13.54
6.33%
COVERAGE RATIO
15%
NNPA
10%
GSEC/Total Investments
Standard Adv / Total
Advances
30%
58.29%
B2
60%
99.62%
A1
10
25%
17.48
A3
25%
0.2
A2
CDR
50%
0.22%
A2
B1
B3
ROA
E
Weights
25%
18%
18%
10%
NII/Total Assets
Operating Profit / Total
Assets
25%
1.42
2.19%
25%
2.09%
B2
Cost / Income
25%
37.71%
A2
25%
3.17%
B1
25%
21.96%
A3
50%
7.29%
B3
100%
A3
18%
18%
W*IS
Ind Score
W*S
6.65
B2
1.197
8.8
A3
1.584
8.75
A3
1.575
6.75
B2
0.675
6.25
B2
1.125
A3
1.44
7.53
7.60
Rating
B1
Rating
B1
Adjusted
B1
Adjusted
B1
KOTAK BANK
Ratios for CAMELS
CRAR
C
D/E
70%
Total
Weight
18%
15%
Kotak
Score
Score
17.92%
A3
A2
A1
10
0.51%
B2
5.08
13.71%
COVERAGE RATIO
15%
NNPA
10%
GSEC/Total Investments
Standard Adv / Total
Advances
30%
57.14%
B2
60%
98.29%
A2
25%
6.13
C2
25%
0.09
B2
CDR
50%
0.02%
A1
10
B2
A2
ROA
E
Weights
25%
18%
18%
10%
NII/Total Assets
Operating Profit / Total
Assets
25%
1.22
4.25%
25%
2.98%
A2
Cost / Income
25%
67.48%
B2
25%
2.20%
B3
25%
19.59%
B1
50%
9.81%
A3
100%
A3
18%
18%
W*IS
Ind Score
W*S
8.45
A3
1.521
7.8
B1
1.404
7.25
B1
1.305
7.5
B1
0.75
B1
1.26
A3
1.44
7.67
7.68
Rating
B1
Rating
B1
Adjusted
B1
Adjusted
B1
SBI
D/E
70%
Total
Weight
18%
15%
SBI
Score
Score
13.68%
B3
C3
C3
1.81%
C3
14.80
4.65%
COVERAGE RATIO
15%
NNPA
10%
GSEC/Total Investments
Standard Adv / Total
Advances
30%
78.11%
A3
60%
94.37%
B3
25%
7.98
C1
25%
0.05
B3
CDR
50%
0.80%
B3
C3
B1
ROA
E
Weights
25%
18%
18%
10%
NII/Total Assets
Operating Profit / Total
Assets
25%
0.91
3.16%
25%
2.23%
B2
Cost / Income
25%
53.42%
B1
25%
4.33%
A2
25%
19.68%
B1
50%
9.02%
B1
100%
A3
18%
18%
W*IS
Ind
Score
W*S
4.1
C1
0.738
5.6
B3
1.008
4.75
C1
0.855
5.5
B3
0.55
7.5
B1
1.35
A3
1.44
5.91
5.94
Rating
B3
Rating
B3
Adjusted
C1
Adjusted
C1
Appendix 8A
MONTE CARLO SIMULATION - P/BV estimate
For arriving at the estimated P/BV we have taken the historical and the one year average P/BV and
calculated the weighted average of it. The one year average P/BV was given a weight of 60% and the
historical average P/BV has been given a weight of 40%. This is done mainly because HDFC Bank has
always commanded a premium over the other banks due to its superior business quality. Further to
mitigate the risk the below Monte Carlo simulation was done with estimated P/BV and the weights
assigned as the variable parameter assuming log normal distribution and it was found that there is no
major variation in the calculated target price. The mean and median values being Rs 590 and Rs 583
respectively.
Forecast: Target Price
Statistics:
Trials
Mean
Standard Deviation
Coeff. of Variability
Minimum
Maximum
Forecast
values
10,000
590.47
27.04
0.0458
536.77
991.81
Risk
Affected parameter
Distribution
St Dev
Comments
Log Normal
2%
GNPA improvement
GNPA Improvement
from 0.9%
Normal
0.3%
NII Growth
expectation
Normal
2%
Log normal
2%
CASA
estimate
growth
Log normal
2%
Advances growth
Advances
estimate
Growth
Log Normal
2%
Moderate Inflation
Reduced
funds
of
Normal
0.5%
Forex
Normal
2%
Strategic Risk
above
Macro Risk
Deposits growth
cost
Financial Risk
Increased Forex gains
Increase
Gains
in
Statistics:
Trials
Mean
Forecast values
10,000
583
Median
585
Mode
Standard Deviation
---
Variance
406
-0.4761
3.51
0.0345
Skewness
Kurtosis
Coeff. of Variability
Minimum
20
482
Maximum
644
Range Width
162
Appendix 9
SWOT Analysis
Strength
Weakness
Opportunities
Threats
1y
2y
3y
1Y
2Y
3Y
1.2
Beta Values
Monthly
Weekly
1.056591
0.943765
0.726818
0.8051
0.768971
0.86445
R2 Value
Monthly
Weekly
0.88972
0.58492
0.063762
0.066837
0.086893
0.026377
Beta Values
1
0.8
0.6
Monthly
0.4
Weekly
0.2
0
1y
2y
3y
R sq Values
0.8
0.6
Monthly
0.4
Weekly
0.2
0
1Y
2Y
3Y
Disclosures:
Ownership and material conflicts of interest:
The author(s), or a member of their household, of this report does not hold a financial interest in the
securities of this company.
The author(s), or a member of their household, of this report does not know of the existence of any
conflicts of interest that might bias the content or publication of this report.
Receipt of compensation:
Compensation of the author(s) of this report is not based on investment banking revenue.
Position as a officer or director:
The author(s), or a member of their household, does not serve as an officer, director or advisory
board member of the subject company.
Market making:
The author(s) does not act as a market maker in the subject companys securities.
Disclaimer:
The information set forth herein has been obtained or derived from sources generally available to
the public and believed by the author(s) to be reliable, but the author(s) does not make any
representation or warranty, express or implied, as to its accuracy or completeness. The information
is not intended to be used as the basis of any investment decisions by any person or entity. This
information does not constitute investment advice, nor is it an offer or a solicitation of an offer to
buy or sell any security. This report should not be considered to be a recommendation by any
individual affiliated with IAIP, CFA Institute or the CFA Institute Research Challenge with regard to
this companys stock.