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Introduction
These are liquids, solids or gases that are harmful to human beings, our surroundings
and property. These harmful goods could be that they are highly flammable; they
corrode, explode, are radioactive, toxic or cause allergies. They may also be those goods
that contain chemicals or other substances that cause them to be hazardous in specific
circumstance. To mitigate the risks related to harmful materials requires appliance of
safety precautions when they are being used, stored, and transported or being disposed
(Education Resources, 2006).
People handling these harmful goods will often wear protective equipment. Fire
departments usually have a response team who are trained to deal with accidents and
spillage. People who are exposed to these harmful goods are subject to often monitoring
and health observation so that they do not exceed occupational exposure limits.
Laws and regulations have been put up on how these materials should be handled
depending on their status and activity. Due to these laws and regulations, companies
have been forced to put extra measures on the way they handle these goods (Education
Resources 2006).
Environmental responsibility
This is a cost incurred by a company which covers the potential liability for violations of
liability laws. These costs cover a third party and air borne contamination (MHMIs).
Emergency response
This is incurred in cost of emergency and the equipment.
Disposal
Any hazardous material is not supposed to be disposed on the ground, in the sewer or in
the trash. A company will have to incur costs of operating an industrial waste water
treatment plant, contractor disposal, waste collection and handling and classification of
hazardous waste and their analysis in order to dispose these harmful materials. Waste
products must be well labeled with the correct names and contents. Before disposing
them, they must be stored in safe containers which are none leaking. As a result of
disposals, a company will incur a facility disposal fee which is charged by the disposal
company in order for them to accept the waste. It will also incur a tax charge in terms of
the tones of waste disposed (MHMIs).
Support equipment
These are special equipments that are used to handle harmful materials and hazardous
waste. These equipments may include laboratory equipment and sensing devices. They
are very sensitive equipments hence have to be monitored all the time to ensure they are
effectively functioning. This takes a company's time and extra care on them (HWM).
Facilities.
This involves cost of construction and maintaining facilities for hazardous materials and
waste. The facilities have to be strategically placed where they are easily accessed and
regularly checked by trained personnel of a company in order to ensure that the
materials are not tampered with hence pose no danger to no one. Perimeter controls,
liners, covers and containment structures, have to be constructed. These facilities add to
the costs of a company since the hazardous materials cannot be put together with the
less harmful (HWM).
Medical
Medical costs to a company emanate from occupational physical exams which also
includes the lost time while the examination is being administered. Another cost is
medical observation. This involves cost due to loss of time while undergoing the regular
check up and also costs as a result of injuries caused by the hazardous materials.
Another medical cost incurred is that of surveys of industrial hygiene. It takes a lot of
resources for a company including time and money for the regular inspection of the
industries (MHMIs).
Procurement
This is the actual purchase price of materials and the cost incurred to transport to the
site of use. The costs are usually very high because they have an extra and special
packaging and also the materials have to be taken extra care of (ED; DG).
Storage
The storage of hazardous material is based on their compatibility rather than the
alphabetical order. Materials of the same hazard are stored together i.e. those highly
flammable stored together, the oxidizers together with oxidizers as dangerous
conditions may result when incompatible materials are put together (ED; DG).
The house where the materials are stored should be well kept. They should be labeled
properly. Date of receipt, date of expiry and the exact content should be included.
Storage of these harmful materials increase costs to the company since the company will
require responsible store man whom the company will have to pay, the company will
also require extra storage places in order to separate the incompatibles from the
compatibles. A lot of time and money is also consumed when determining the right
content of the materials (ED; DG).
Companies dealing with hazardous materials incur extra costs to ensure their
continuity. They have to educate their employees on how to store and dispose of the
waste materials. They are also educated on the dangers that the substances expose to
human life and the environment. Special training is also done on safety procedures in
constructing the facilities for storage and disposal of the materials. Warning signs are
also installed to warn people of the dangerous substances and are also an expense to a
company (HWMC).
Before a company starts to operate on these materials, it has to be inspected and verified
suitable to handle such operations. It also has to a pay a generation fee per year payable
according to the tons of hazardous material generated (HWMC).