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BSSA Guide to Stainless
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Schaffler Diagram
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Stainless Steel
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This gives a diagram that is useful for the austenitic steels, except those with nitrogen additions. The values for
typical 304(1.4301) and 316(1.4401) compositions are shown below.
.
304(1.4301)
316(1.4401)
Ni (equiv)
10.15
13.15
Cr (equiv)
18.92
19.83
Structural Sections in
Stainless Steel
Stainless steel fasteners
European Standards Referenced Standards for
Stainless Steel Products
European EN Standard Grade
Summary
Stainless Steel Grades
Datasheets
Selection of stainless steels
for the food processing
industries
Stainless Steel Pipe
Fabrication
Stainless Steel in Indoor
Swimming Pool Buildings
BSSA Stainless Steel Surface
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Page 1 of 2
3/11/2011
Delong Diagram
This refines the Schaffler diagram by taking account of the strong austenite stabilising tendency of nitrogen. The
chromium equivalent is unaffected but the nickel equivalent is modified to
Ni (eq) = Ni + (30 x C) + (0.5 x Mn) + (30 x N)
The diagram, identifying the phase boundaries is shown below. This shows the ferrite levels in bands, both as
percentages, based on metallographic determinations and as a ferrite number 'FN', based on magnetic
determination methods.
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3/11/2011