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BIOLOGY (LEGACY)
AS/Advanced
SUMMER 2009
INTRODUCTION
The marking schemes which follow were those used by WJEC for the Summer 2009
examination in GCE BIOLOGY (LEGACY). They were finalised after detailed discussion at
examiners' conferences by all the examiners involved in the assessment. The conferences
were held shortly after the papers were taken so that reference could be made to the full
range of candidates' responses, with photocopied scripts forming the basis of discussion.
The aim of the conferences was to ensure that the marking schemes were interpreted and
applied in the same way by all examiners.
It is hoped that this information will be of assistance to centres but it is recognised at the
same time that, without the benefit of participation in the examiners' conferences, teachers
may have different views on certain matters of detail or interpretation.
WJEC regrets that it cannot enter into any discussion or correspondence about these
marking schemes.
PAGE
BI1
BI2
BI4
BI5
1
8
15
23
AS MODULE BI1
Question
1.
Answers/Explanatory Notes
Marks
Available
(a)
Structure
Plant cell
Animal Cell
Centrioles
Mitochondria
Chloroplasts
(i)
[2]
[1]
[2]
(ii)
[1]
(iii)
[1]
(iv)
[1]
[Total 8 Marks]
2.
(a)
(b)
(i)
[3]
[1]
[1]
[2]
[Total 7 marks]
1
Question
3.
(a)
Answers/Explanatory Notes
Marks
Available
(i)
(b)
[1]
[1]
[1]
(ii)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
[1]
[2]
[1]
[Total 9 marks]
Question
4.
(a)
Answers/Explanatory Notes
Marks
Available
(i)
Fluid Mosaic.
[1]
(ii)
[1]
(b)
(c) (i)
[4]
(ii)
[2]
[1]
[Total 9 marks]
Question
Answers/Explanatory Notes
5.
B. Cell wall
C. Cytoplasm
E. Vacuole
F. Plasmodesma(ta)
(a)
Marks
Available
[2]
(c)
(d) (i)
[1]
[1]
(ii)
Zero.
[1]
(iii)
P 700 kPa.
Q 600 kPa.
[2]
(iv)
[1]
[Total 10 marks]
Question
Answers/Explanatory Notes
6.
[3]
(ii)
[1]
(iii)
Water.
[1]
(iv)
Condensation.
[1]
[1]
(a) (i)
(b) (i)
(ii)
Marks
Available
(iii)
(iv)
[3]
[1]
[2]
(vi)
(Any 3)
[3]
[1]
[Total 17 marks]
Question
Answers/Explanatory Notes
7.
A.
(a)
Marks
Available
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
I.
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[Total 10 marks]
Question
Answers/Explanatory Notes
7.
A.
(b)
B.
Marks
Available
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
E.
[1]
F.
[1]
[1]
[1]
I.
[1]
J.
[1]
K.
[1]
L.
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[Total 10 marks]
AS MODULE BI2
Question
Answers/Explanatory Notes
Marks
Available
1. (a) (i)
(ii)
[2]
(b)
[2]
[1]
[Total marks 5]
2. (a)
(b)
[2]
[2]
(i)
xerophytes
[1]
(ii)
(iii)
[3 max]
[3 max]
[Total marks 11]
Question
3.
(a)
Answers/Explanatory Notes
Marks
Available
[1]
[1]
[2]
vein;
valve shown; (not: semi lunar valve)
[2]
(c)
Blood vessel
Aorta
Vena cava
Pulmonary artery
Pulmonary vein
Carries blood to
Oxygenated/
deoxygenated
Pressure
high/low
Left ventricle
Body / tissues
Oxygenated
high
Body / tissues
Right atrium
Deoxygenated
low
Right ventricle
Lungs
Deoxygenated
high
Lungs
Left atrium
Oxygenated
low
[3]
[Total 13 marks]
Question
Answers/Explanatory Notes
4. (a) (i)
Marks
Available
60;
0.7
85/86 beats per minute
(ii)
[3]
[2]
(b) (i)
B;
[1]
(ii)
C;
[1]
(iii)
D;
[1]
(iv)
A;
[1]
(c)
[2 max]
[Total 11 marks]
10
Question
Answers/Explanatory Notes
5.
(a) (i)
Marks
Available
[2]
(iii)
plateau/goes higher;
takes longer to reach zero, must reach zero after day 5;
(iv)
[4 max]
[2 max]
[3 max]
[Total marks 11]
11
Question
6. (a) (i)
Answers/Explanatory Notes
Marks
Available
(ii)
[2]
growth;
amino acid production;
protein / enzyme (production);
nucleic acid (formation).
(b) (i)
[2 max]
habitat / shelter/protection
provides anaerobic conditions;
supply of carbohydrate;
and amino acids; (not: nutrients)
(ii)
[2 max]
(c)
[2]
[1]
[Total 9 marks]
12
Question
Answers/Explanatory Notes
7.
(a)
Marks
Available
13
[10]
Question
Answers/Explanatory Notes
7.
(b) (i)
Marks
Available
[5 max]
[5 max]
[Total 10 marks]
14
AS MODULE B14
Question
Answers/Explanatory Notes
Marks
Available
1.
Plasmodium
[1]
Antigenic
[1]
Female/ Anopheles
[1]
[1]
Endemic
[1]
[1]
[Total 6 marks]
2. (a) (i)
(ii)
red / pink
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(b)
[1]
(c)
[1]
[1]
[Total 7 marks]
15
Question
3. (a)
(b)
(c)
Answers/Explanatory Notes
(columnar) epithelium/epithelial tissue
[1]
goblet cell;
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
Z
(d)
Marks
Available
[1]
[1]
16
Question
4. (a)
Answers/Explanatory Notes
Marks
Available
axes correct - colorimeter readings vertical, axis at 0, -ve below, +ve above
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(c)
Compensation (point)
[1]
(d)
[1]
(e)
(b)
[4]
[Total 12 marks]
17
Question
5. (a)
(b)
(c)
Answers/Explanatory Notes
Marks
Available
A sequence of dilutions;
10 fold or 100 fold
Any correct description / diagram of how this is carried out eg 9+1
Any 2
[2]
[2]
Glucose is a monosaccharide;
(and so) can be used instantly for respiration/directly into glycolysis;
Lactose is a disaccharide;
And so needs hydrolysis into monosaccharides / eq;
Which requires synthesis of lactase;
Any 3
(d)
[3]
[4]
[Total 11 marks]
18
Question
Answers/Explanatory Notes
Marks
Available
6.
Oxidative
phosphorylation
Cyclic
photophosphorylation
Non cyclic
photophosphorylation
Requires
light
NO
YES
YES
Requires
oxygen
YES
NO
NO
Produces
oxygen
NO
NO
YES
Source of
Electrons
Red NAD or
Red FAD
PS I
Water / PSII
(not: chlorophyll)
Final
electron
acceptor
Oxygen
PS I
NADP /NADPH+
Number of
proton pumps
involved
[6]
19
Question
7. (a)
Answers/Explanatory Notes
Marks
Available
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(c)
Flu
[1]
(d)
(b)
being foreign/non-self;
Cloning/division of Lymphocytes (with matching receptors);
Memory cells produced;
Recognise same Ag if challenged with it subsequently (not: disease);
Very rapid / decreased latent phase and increased immune response;
A secondary response;
Any 4 points in correct context
(e)
[4]
[3]
(alternative answer: use antibiotics (1); prevent cell wall synthesis(1); prevent
protein synthesis.)
[Total 12 marks]
20
Question
Answers/Explanatory Notes
8. (a)
A.
Marks
Available
B.
C.
D.
E.
TP is converted to Pyruvate
F.
I.
2 x ATP overall
J.
2 x Pyruvate
(8 max.)
Anaerobic conditions yeast
K.
L.
21
Question
Answers/Explanatory Notes
8. (b)
A.
Marks
Available
B.
C.
D.
Eg of a named antibiotic
E.
F.
G.
H.
I.
J.
K.
L.
M.
To promote growth
N.
O.
22
AS MODULE BI5
Question
Answers/Explanatory Notes
1.
A Hypothalamus
[1]
B Medulla oblongata
[1]
C Cerebellum
[1]
[1]
(a) (i)
(ii)
Marks
Available
(b)
receiving
amplifying
transducing
Malleus, incus,
stapes
Oval window
Sensory hairs
pinna
23
Question
Answers/Explanatory Notes
2.
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
(a)
(b) (i)
(ii)
Marks
Available
[1]
[1]
[3 max]
(iv)
[1]
(v)
Placenta;
[1]
(vi) Prolactin;
[1]
24
Question
Answers/Explanatory Notes
3. (a) (i)
Marks
Available
A = Cortex
B = Medulla
C = Pelvis
D = Ureter correct spelling
E = Bladder
F = Urethra correct spelling
(ii)
(b) (i)
[1]
(ii)
[3 max]
Microvilli;
large number mitochondria;
basal folds in membrane or description;
acc. ref to co-transport proteins/carrier proteins/pumps;
(not: ref. short diffusion pathway)
(c) (i)
[3 max]
(ii)
[1 max]
25
[1]
Question
Answers/Explanatory Notes
4. (a)
(b) (i)
(ii)
(c)
Xn
Marks
Available
[2]
[1]
A4
B3
XnY
XnXN
Xn
XnXn
XnXN
female colour
blind
1
female normal
(carrier)
1
[1]
XN
XnY
[1]
XNY
male colour
blind
1
male normal
1
XNXn
Yn
XN
XnXn
Female normal
1
female c. blind
1
[1]
XNYn
male normal
1
[1]
Xn
XnYn
male c. blind
1
(ii) XNXn
(d)
[1]
B3
XnYn
XnXN
[1]
[1]
Xn
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
26
[1]
Question
Answers/Explanatory Notes
5.
A.
B.
(a)
Marks
Available
D.
E.
F.
Ref H zone
I.
Ref M line
J.
Sliding filaments
K.
evidence for sliding I band shortens, H zone narrower, A band stays same;
L.
cross bridges;
[4 max]
27
Question
Answers/Explanatory Notes
5.
Darwin
(b)
Marks
Available
28
Question
6. (a) (i)
(ii)
Answers/Explanatory Notes
Marks
Available
[1]
(b) (i)
[2 max]
(ii)
[2]
Meiosis variation;
Meiosis halves the number of chromosomes/makes haploid cells
(allowing sexual reproduction)/number restored when gametes join;
[2]
[1]
[3]
(ii)
[1]
(d) (i)
[1]
(c) (i)
(ii)
29
[4]
Question
(e)
Answers/Explanatory Notes
Marks
Available
(f)
[2 max]
30
[2 max]
Question
Answers/Explanatory Notes
7.
(a)
Marks
Available
[3]
(ii)
[5 max]
(iii)
[2]
(c)
[1]
[1]
31
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