Académique Documents
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1 1993
Australian Standard
Methods of testing concrete
Method 1: Sampling of fresh concrete
PREFACE
This edition of this Standard was prepared by the Standards Australia Committee on
Methods of Testing Concrete as part of its ongoing program to revise the AS 1012 series
of Standards on the testing of concrete. It supersedes AS 1012.11981.
CONTENTS
Page
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
SCOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
DEFINITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . .
APPARATUS . . . . . . . . . . . .
TEST SAMPLES . . . . . . . . . .
SAMPLING LOCATIONS . . .
SAMPLING PROCEDURE . . .
MIXING THE TEST SAMPLE
RECORDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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1
2
2
2
2
3
3
4
5
METHOD
1 SCOPE This Standard sets out the method for obtaining samples of freshly-mixed
concrete
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
COPYRIGHT
AS 1012.11993
DEFINITIONS For the purpose of this Standard, the definitions below apply.
3.3 Sample incrementthe basic unit of sampling. Sample increments are taken in
approximately equal volumes so that three or more sample increments constitute a
composite sample (see Clauses 4, 6 and 7). Each sample increment is not less than
0.005 m3 (5 L) of concrete.
4
APPARATUS
4.1
Sample container
NOTE:
4.2 Scoop A scoop, shovel or other receptacle used for sampling concrete, which shall
have a capacity of not less than 1 L.
4.3
Thermometer
4.4
(a)
(b)
A square surface measuring 0.75 m 0.75 m with raised edges would be suitable.
Where wheelbarrows are used, they shall have a minimum capacity of 170 L (6 cu. ft.).
5 TEST SAMPLES The test sample shall be a composite sample, except that
individual samples may be taken when
(a) the batch volume being sampled is less than 1 m 3; or
COPYRIGHT
AS 1012.11993
(b) unless otherwise specified in Clauses 7.3 and 7.4, the test is for consistence only.
The volume of the composite sample shall be sufficient to carry out all the tests required,
but in any case shall be not less than 0.015 m 3 (15 L) of concrete.
NOTE: Where the range of tests being conducted on the composite sample requires a volume
of concrete greater than 0.015 m 3 (15 L), references may be made to Appendix A which
tabulates minimum working volumes for each of the tests covered by this series of Standards.
SAMPLING PROCEDURE
7.1 General Where sample increments are to be obtained using a scoop, no more than
five scoops of concrete shall be used.
The operation of taking the sample increments and mixing the composite sample shall be
completed as quickly as possible. In no case shall the elapsed time between the
commencement of taking the sample increments and the completion of mixing the
composite sample exceed 20 min.
7.2 Sampling from central and work-site mixers, truck mixers and agitators by
gradual discharge (e.g. chute)
7.2.1 Uninterrupted discharge The procedure for taking samples of concrete from
central and work-site mixers, truck mixers and agitators by gradual discharge is as
follows:
(a) Do not take sample increments during the discharge of the first 0.2 m 3 or from the
last 0.2 m 3 of the batch.
(b) Take each sample increment by diverting the entire stream so that it discharges into a
sample container or by using a scoop to otherwise obtain a representative sample of
the concrete being discharged.
NOTE: The rate of discharge may be slowed in order to enable sampling of the entire
discharge stream.
(c) Do not regulate the rate of discharge to permit sampling by suppressing or diverting
a part of the discharge stream.
(d) Take three or more sample increments at regular intervals throughout the discharge
period except that, from batches of 1 m 3 or less, take an individual sample at about
the halfway point of discharge. Alternatively, where it can be shown that the mixer
uniformity complies with AS 1379, three or more separate sample increments may be
taken at any time during the discharge, provided Item (a) is complied with.
7.2.2 Sampling for consistence test only
Where a batch is to be sampled for
acceptance on a consistence-control basis, unless otherwise specified in Clause 7.3 or 7.4,
an individual sample shall be obtained from the batch immediately after the discharge of
the first 0.2 m3 of concrete.
COPYRIGHT
AS 1012.11993
7.2.3 Slow discharge If it is expected that the time of discharge will exceed 30 min,
the procedure is as follows:
(a) Sample the discharge during the first 30 min in accordance with Clause 7.2.1 (see
also the requirements in Clause 7.1).
(b) If tests are required on the remainder of the discharge, separately sample the
discharge for each subsequent 30 min, or part thereof, in accordance with
Clause 7.2.1.
7.2.4 Terminated discharge Where the discharge of concrete from a mixer is
terminated at a stage when insufficient sample increments are available to form the
composite sample, take the required additional sample increments from the concrete at or
adjacent to the placing point, in accordance with Clause 7.4 (see also the Note to
Clause 7.2.5).
7.2.5 Interrupted discharge Where the discharge of concrete from a mixer is
interrupted at a stage when insufficient sample increments are available to form the
composite sample, take the required additional sample increments either from the concrete
at or adjacent to the placing point in accordance with Clause 7.4, or discard any original
sample increments and sample the subsequent discharge of the mixer in accordance with
Clause 7.2.1.
NOTE: Situations which are not covered by Clauses 7.2.4 and 7.2.5 may occur on site. In
these instances a sampling procedure should be used which will provide, within a reasonable
period of time, a representative sample of the concrete concerned.
7.3 Sampling from non-agitator units Irrespective of the size of the batch, samples
obtained from concrete transported in a non-agitator unit, including those samples
required for consistence shall be
(a)
(b)
obtained from three or more equally spaced points along the centre-line of the unit.
The top 100 mm of concrete in the unit shall not be incorporated into the sample.
7.4 Sampling from specified locations Irrespective of the size of the batch, all
samples obtained from locations specified in Clause 6(d), including those required for
consistence, shall be composite samples.
Sample increments shall be taken from the concrete prior to any further handling or
compaction. Care shall be taken to ensure that the concrete to be sampled remains
completely representative, notwithstanding the effects of handling.
NOTES:
1 Concrete deposited in readiness for casting may not necessarily be representative of the
concrete supplied.
2 If it is considered that handling, placing or compaction techniques are affecting the concrete
to be sampled, the sample should be obtained from quantities of concrete deposited on a
smooth, clean waterproof horizontal surface immediately adjacent to the forms.
8 MIXING THE TEST SAMPLE To form each composite sample, the sample
increments, obtained as set out in Clause 7, shall be mixed as follows:
(a)
Moisten the mixing surface with a damp cloth prior to depositing the sample
increments.
(b)
Protect the mixing surface and the sample increments of concrete from adverse
weather conditions such as hot sunshine, drying wind and rain.
(c)
(d)
AS 1012.11993
Where individual samples are used they shall be remixed as set out above to obviate
segregation prior to testing.
9
(a)
Job site.
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
(i)
(j)
(k)
(l)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
Slump.
(iv)
(v)
(vi)
Name of sampler.
COPYRIGHT
AS 1012.11993
APPENDIX A
1012.3:
1012.4:
Volume, m3 (L)
0.006 (6)
0.010 (10)
Method 3:
Method 4:
0.006 (6)
0.006 (6)
VEBE test
Compacti bili ty index
1012.5:
1012.6:
1012.8:
0.006 (6)
0.010 (10)
150 mm 300 mm
1012.13:
1012.16:
1012.17:
1012.18:
0.006
0.010
0.003
0.015
0.016 (16)
(6)
(10)
(3)
(15)
AS 1012.11993
This Austr alian Standard was prepared by Commit tee BD/42, Methods of Testing Concrete. It was approved on behalf of
the Council of Standards Australi a on 19 Apri l 1993 and publi shed on 12 July 1993.
Review of Australi an Standards. To keep abreast of progress in industry, Australian Standards are subject to periodic
review and are kept up to date by the issue of amendments or new editi ons as necessary. It is important therefore that
Standards users ensure that they are in possession of the latest edit ion, and any amendments thereto.
Full details of all Australi an Standards and related publications wil l be found in the Standards Australi a Catalogue of
Publications; this informati on is supplemented each month by the magazine The Australi an Standard, which subscribing
members receive, and which gives detail s of new publications, new editi ons and amendments, and of wit hdrawn Standards.
Suggesti ons for improvements to Australi an Standards, addressed to the head offi ce of Standards Australi a, are welcomed.
Noti fi cati on of any inaccuracy or ambiguity found in an Australian Standard should be made wit hout delay in order that
the matter may be investigated and appropriate action taken.