EXPERIMENT No.

CORIOLLIS COMPONENT APPARATUS

AIM :

To Measure the various parameters comprising the coriollis component of

acceleration.

THEORY :
The apparatus has been designed to enable the student to measure the various
parameters comprising the coriollis component of acceleration. To maintain this
acceleration long enough for measurements to be taken the conventional slider
mechanism is replaced by two streams of water flowing radially outwards from an
inverted T shape tube which rotates about its vertical axis so that the water in
passing along the tube is subjected to coriollis component acceleration
Consider the motion of the slider B on the the crank OA . Let OA rotates with
constant angular velocity rad / sec. and slider B have the velocity v radially
outwards relative v outwards relative to the crank centre O . The velocity diagram
for the slider in two position separated by angular displacement d
On the same diagram V1 represents the resultant choice of velocity of slider .
This velocity has two components vu and vu in radial and tangential directions
respectively.
Tangential Component = vu = vs + s
= r sin 0 + w ( r + r )
= r 0 + 0 r

.. ( 1 )

Rate of change of tangential velocity = r 0 + r

t

= r+r= 2r

( 2 )

Equation ( 2 ) represents the coriollis component of acceleration .This acceleration

is made up of two component , one due to the increase of radius and other from
changing direction of the crank.
HYDRAULIC ANALOGY :
Consider the diagram , short column of fluid if length dr at a distance r from axis
of rotation of the tube ,as shown in fig . then velocity of fluid relative to the tube r
and the angular velocity of the tube is , the coriollis component of acceleration
of the column is 2r in a direction perpendicular to , and in a place of rotation of
the tube .The torque dT applied by the tube to produce this acceleration is then

 2r
g
Where is the weight of the short column of fluid

If w is the specific weight of the fluid and a is the cross sectional area of the tube
oulet , then
= a r
T = 2r w a r r
g
and the complete torque applied to column of length 1 is given by
T =
T =

2r w a r r
g
w r a I2
g

or coriollis component of acceleration

Ca = 2 g T

( Considering both tubes )

a I2

APPARATUS :
The apparatus consist of two brass tube , projected radialiy from centra Perspex
header tube , are rotated by direct D.C motor , mounted vertically in a ball
bearing housing . The torque supplied by the motor is measured by a voltmeter
and ammeter provided in the central panel. The speed of rotation of the motor is
measured by RPM meter . Water from the pump flows to the header tube through
the flow control valve. A rotameter is provided to measure the water flow rate.
The water leaving the radial tubes returns to the via pump via sump . The splash
tank and all the accessories mounted on the fabricated frame

PROCEDURE :
1. Check the bypass valve is fully open
2. Check the position of dimmer stat . it must be zero position
3. After switching the main switch , with the help of dimmerstat increase the
speed of motor up to certain speed.
4. Now start the water pump and with the help of bypass valve adjust water
level constant ( any level ) in the vertical header tube.
5. Take the reading on the voltmeter , ammeter , rpm indicator , rotameter .

6. Now switch off the pump and take reading of voltmeter and ammeter
7. Repeat the procedure by varying speed of the shaft and take the readings.
OBSERVATIONS :
1. Length of Rotating Arm : 0.3 m
2. Dia of the tube outlet = 9mm
-6
3. Cross Sectional area of tube = 6.36 X 10
4. N = No of Revolutions ( RPM Indicator )
5. V = Velocity through the tube
6. P = Power
7. T= Torque
8. = Density of water
9. L = Length of tube
10. v = Voltmeter reading
11. I = Ammeter reading
12. a = area of the tube
13. g = gravitational constant
14.
1. OBSERVATION TABLE : PUMP ON POSITION

SR. NO.

SPEED ( RPM )

FLOW RATE
LPH

VOLTMETER

AMMETER

VOLTMETER

AMMETER

2. OBSERVATION TABLE : PUMP OFF POSITION

SR. NO.

SPEED ( RPM )

FLOW RATE
LPH

CALCULATION :
Torque T1 ,
We have , P = 2 N T Watts
60
T1 = v X I X 60
2N
FRICTIONAL TORQUE ( T2 ) =
T2

= v X I X 60
2N

Net Torque T = ( T1 -- T2 )

Now Coriollis Component of Acceleration

Ca =

m / sec

2g a L

Now calculating coriollis component of Acceleration theoretically :

V = q/a

m/sec

Where
V = Velocity through the tube
q = Volumetric flow rate
a = Cross Sectional area of tube
Ca theoretical = 2 X X V

= 2 N / 60

rad /sec

SAMPLE CALCULATION :
1. OBSERVATION TABLE : PUMP ON POSITION
SR. NO.

SPEED ( RPM )

1.
2.
3.

120
200
173

FLOW RATE
LPH
1000
800
750

VOLTMETER

AMMETER

68.3
87
78

1.65
1.95
1.7

VOLTMETER

AMMETER

71.5
92.5
80

1.25
1.33
1.15

2. OBSERVATION TABLE : PUMP OFF POSITION

SR. NO.

SPEED ( RPM )

1.
2.
3.

330

FLOW RATE
LPH

CALCULATION :
Torque T1 ,
We have , P = 2 N T
60
T1 = v X I X 60
2N

watts

T1 = 1.65 X 68.3 X 60
2 x 120
= 2.57 N-m
FRICTIONAL TORQUE ( T2 ) =
T2

= v X I X 60
2N

T2

1.25 X 71.5 X 60
2 x 330

= 2.57 N-m

Net Torque T = ( T1 -- T2 )
= ( 8.97 2.57 )
= 6.4 N-m
Now Coriollis Component of Acceleration

Ca =

m / sec

2g a L
Ca =

6.4
-5
2
2 X 1000 X 6.36 X 10 X 0.3 X 9.81

= 56.98 m /sec

Now calculating coriollis component of Acceleration theoretically :

V = q / a m/sec
Where
V = Velocity through the tube
q = Volumetric flow rate
a = Cross Sectional area of tube
-3
-5
V
= 1000 X 10 / ( 3600 X 6.36 X 10 X 2 )
= 2.18 m /sec
Ca theoretical = 2 X X V

Ca theoretical

= 2 N / 60 rad /sec
= 2 X 120 / 60 = 12.56 rad /sec
= 2XXV
= 2 X 12.56 X 2.18
= 54.76 m /sec

m / sec