Course:Histology/CellBiologyThread

Topic:CellMembranes,Organelles

Question1
Selectthesinglebestanswertothenumberedquestion.

Anintegralmembraneproteinthatspansthebilayermultipletimes
A. doesnotrequireasignalsequencefortargetingandinsertionintotheERmembrane
B. doesnotnecessarilyinsertintothebilayerwiththesameorientationeachtimeitissythesized
C. canchangeitsorientationbyflipflopafterinsertionintotheERmembrane
D. canonlybeinsertedintotheERmembraneposttranslationally(ie:afteritssynthesisiscomplete)andnotco
translationaly(duringsynthesis)
E. canbeglycosylateduponinsertionintheERifitcontainsthecorrectsequenceforoligosaccharideattachment
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Question2
Selectthesinglebestanswertothenumberedquestion.

TheinnermitochondrialmembranesupportstheproductionofATPby
A. facilitatingimportofpyruvateandfattyacidsintothematrix
B. organizingarespiratorychainthatgeneratesatransmembraneproton(H+)gradient
C. providingaspecificchannelthatenablesprotonstomovedownagradient
D. couplingtheenergygeneratedbyprotonmovementtosynthesisofATP
E. alloftheabove
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Question3
Selectthesinglebestanswertothenumberedquestion.

Whichofthefollowingistrueforbiologicalmembranes?
A. Proteinmoleculestypicallyoutnumberlipidmolecules.
B. Bothproteinsandlipidsreadilyflipfromonesurfaceofthebilayertotheother.
C. Watersolublemoleculesdiffusefreelythroughthemembrane.
D. Thechargedresiduesonthemembraneproteinsandlipidsareusuallyfoundwithinthemembraneinteriorandnot
onthesurface.
E. Membraneproteinsthatspanthebilayerseveraltimesfacilitatethetransportofspecificmoleculesbetween
compartments.
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Question4
Selectthesinglebestanswertothenumberedquestion.

Likemitochondria,peroxisomes
A. Usemolecularoxygenasanelectronacceptorinoxidationreductionreactions
B. synthesizeATP
C. haveaninnerandanoutermembrane
D. containmRNAs

E. releasecytochromecduringapoptosis
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Question5
Selectthesinglebestanswertothenumberedquestion.

Cellularmembranes
A. havethesamephospholipidcompositionineachleafletofthebilayer
B. containnumerousintegralproteinsthattopologicallyreorient("flipflop")inthebilayer
C. allowunrestrictedmovementofwatersolublemoleculesbetweencompartments
D. donotattachtothecytoskeleton
E. containdomainsthatsupportspecificfunctions
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Question6
Selectthesinglebestanswertothenumberedquestion.

Theoutermitochondrialmembranecontains
A. proteinsthatweresynthesizedinthecytosolofthecell.
B. phospholipidsthatweresythesizedintheendoplasmicreticulum.
C. bindingsitesformicrotubulemotorproteins.
D. receptorsformitochondrialproteintargetingsignals.
E. alloftheabove
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Question7
Selectthesinglebestanswertothenumberedquestion.

Whichofthefollowingappliestoproteinsoftheinnermitochondrialmembrane?
A. Theyaresynthesizedexclusivelyonmitochondrialribosomes
B. Theyinteractwithsignalrecognitionparticleduringsynthesis
C. MostaresythesizedashighermolecularweightprecursorsthatundergocleavagetoremoveNterminaltargeting
signals
D. TheirNterminaltargetingsignalsareidenticaltothetargetingsignalsfoundonnewlysythesizedlysosomal
membraneproteins
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Question8
Selectthesinglebestanswertothenumberedquestion.

Whichofthefollowingistrueregardingthemobilityofcomponentsoftheplasmamembrane?
A. phospholipidsandproteinsreadilytranslocatebackandforthfromonesideofthebilayertotheotherby"flipflop"
B. phospholipidsdiffuselaterallyintheplaneofthemembranebutproteinsareallimmobile
C. mostphospholipidsandmany,butnotall,proteinsdiffuseintheplaneofthemembrane

D. glycolipidsandglycoproteinsdiffuselaterallyintheplaneofthemembranebutnonglycosylatedphospholipids
andnonglycosylatedproteinsdonot
E. phospholipidsandproteinsindividuallyexittheplasmamembrane,diffusethroughthecytoplasmandinsertinto
intracellularmembranes
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Question9
Selectthesinglebestanswertothenumberedquestion.

Whichofthefollowingistrueforproteinsthatarecomponentsofcytoplasmicribosomes?
A. Theyinteractwithsignalrecognitionparticle(SRP)duringtheirownsythesis
B. Theyareassembledintofunctionalribosomalsubunitsinthecytoplasm
C. Theyaresynthesizedentirelyonfreecytoplasmicpolyribosomes
D. TheycanbeglycosylatedbyglycosyltransferaseslocatedintheGolgicomplex
E. Theyundergonuclearimportcotranslationally(duringsynthesis)
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Question10
Selectthesinglebestanswertothenumberedquestion.

Phospholipidsarewellsuitedasthemajormolecularcomponentofmembranesbecausethey
A. adherestronglytomostcytoplasmicproteinsandimpartstabilitytothemembrane
B. facilitatefreeexchangeofionsandmetabolitesacrossthemembrane
C. areamphiphilicandreadilyformbilayersthatseparateaqueouscompartments
D. arestiffandgenerallyimmobileinalldimensions
E. areverywatersolubleandthuseasilymovetonewsitesofmembraneassembly
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Question11
Selectthesinglebestanswertothenumberedquestion.

Asymmetryinthestructureoftheplasmamembraneisreflectedin
A. differencesinthelipidcompositionontheinnerandoutlerleafletsofthebilayer
B. presenceofcarbohydrateattachedtolipidandproteinontheoutersurfacebutnottheinnersurfaceoftheplasma
membrane
C. nonrandomorientationsforspecificintegralmembraneproteins
D. presenceofspecifickindsoflipidanchoredproteinsonlyonthecytoplasmicsurfaceoftheplasmamembrane
E. alloftheabove
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Question12
Selectthesinglebestanswertothenumberedquestion.

Duringtheirbiosynthesis,allofthefollowingproteinsusethesametypeoftargetingsignalEXCEPT
A. mannosidase,aGolgienzyme
B. cathepsinD,alysosomalprotease

C. cytochromeC
D. insulinreceptor
E. cadherin
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Question13
Selectthesinglebestanswertothenumberedquestion.

Phospholipidsarewellsuitedasthemajormolecularcomponentofmembranesbecausethey
A. arewatersolubleandmoveeasilytonewsitesofmembraneassembly.
B. areamphiphilicandreadilyformbilayersthatseparateaqueouscompartments.
C. readilycarryionsandmetabolitesbetweenseparateaqueouscompartmentswhentheyflipflopacrossthebilayer.
D. bindtightlytomembraneproteinsandthusaregenerallyimmobile.
E. don'tundergoturnover.
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Question14
Selectthesinglebestanswertothenumberedquestion.

Lipidspresentintheendoplasmicreticulum
A. canbetransportedtotheGolgi,plasmamembrane,mitochondria,andperoxisomes.
B. areusedtoanchortheoligosaccharidesubstratethatisusedforNglycosylationofproteins.
C. areusedinthesynthesisofglycophosphatidylinositol(GPI)linkedproteins.
D. areabletomoveintothenuclearenvelopebypassivediffusion.
E. alloftheabove
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Question15
Selectthesinglebestanswertothenumberedquestion.

Whichofthefollowingservesasasynthesisandtransportrouteforporin,aproteinoftheouter
mitochondrialmembrane(OMM)?
A. synthesisonmitochondrialribosomes>exportthroughpores>associationwithOMM
B. synthesisonmitochondrialribosomes>insertionintotheinnermitochondrialmembrane>vesicularbuddingand
fusionwiththeOMM
C. synthesisonfreecytoplasmicribosomes>posttranslationalbindingtoareceptorontheOMM>insertioninto
theOMM
D. synthesisonribosomesattachedtotheOMM>cotranslationalinsertionintotheOMM
E. synthesisonribosomesattachedtotheendoplasmicreticulum>entryintovesiclesbuddingatERexitsites>
fusionoftransportvesicleswiththeOMM
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Question16
Selectthesinglebestanswertothenumberedquestion.

Allintegralproteinsoftheplasmamembrane

A. areimmobilizedbyinteractionwiththecytoskeleton.
B. containoligosacchiridesattachedtotheirextracellularandcytoplasmicdomains.
C. facilitatethetransmembranefluxofwater.
D. cannotberemovedfromthebilayerwithoutdisruptingmembranestructure.
E. promoteflipflopofphospholipidsfromonesideofthemembranetotheother.
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Question17
Selectthesinglebestanswertothenumberedquestion.

PlasmamembraneglycoproteinshaveNlinkedoligosaccharidesattachedtotheirextracellular,but
nottheircytoplasmic,domains.Thisreflects
A. absenceofsitesforNlinkedglycosylationinthecytoplasmicdomain
B. selectiveremovalofoligosaccharidesattachedtothecytoplasmicdomain
C. locationofenzymesfortransferofoligosaccharidesfromdolicholphosphatetoproteinsinthelumenoftherough
endoplasmicreticulum(RER)
D. bindingofthecytoskeletontopotentialglycosylationsitesonthecytoplasmicdomain
E. presenceofglycosyltransferasesontheexternalsurfaceoftheplasmamembrane
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Question18
Selectthesinglebestanswertothenumberedquestion.

Proteinsthatareconcentratedinthenucleoplasm(nuclearmatrix)
A. aresynthesizedonribosomesthatareattachedtothenuclearenvelope.
B. areabletocyclebetweenthenucleoplasmandthecytoplasmiftheycontainnuclearimportandexportsignals.
C. canbeNglycosylatedbyenzymesassociatedwiththeroughendoplasmicreticulumandnuclearenvelope.
D. arestableforthelifetimeofthecellbecausetheyneverhaveaccesstolysosomes.
E. areallstructuralproteins.
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Question19
Selectthesinglebestanswertothenumberedquestion.

AllofthefollowingstatementsaboutplasmamembranesarecorrectEXCEPT
A. allplasmamembranecarbohydrateisassociatedwiththeexternalsurfaceofthemembrane
B. endocytosisremovesbothlipidsandproteinsfromtheplasmamembrane
C. glycolipidsarefoundonlyintheexternalleafletoftheplasmamembranelipidbilayer
D. lipidsrarelyflipfromtheinternalleaflettotheexternalleafletofthelipidbilayer
E. alltransmembraneproteinsdiffusefreelywithinthelipidbilayer
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Question20
Selectthesinglebestanswertothenumberedquestion.

Repeateduseofbarbituratesandrelateddrugsincreasestheamountofwhichoneofthefollowing

cellorganelleswithinliverhepatocytes?
A. peroxisomes
B. mitochondria
C. Golgicomplex
D. roughendoplasmicreticulum
E. smoothendoplasmicreticulum
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Question21
Selectthesinglebestanswertothenumberedquestion.

ProteinsinthelumenofperoxisomesdonotcontainNlinkedoligosaccharidechainsbecause
A. theseproteinsdon'thavetherightaminoacidsequencesforoligosaccharideaddition
B. theoligosaccharidechainsareremovedasaprerequisitetoentryintoperoxisomes
C. theproteinsneverhaveaccesstotheenzymesthataddtheoligosaccharide
D. theenzymethatattachesoligosaccharidechainsisinhibitedinperoxisomes
E. peroxisomesmaketheirownproteinsbutdon'tglycosylatethem
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Question22
Selectthesinglebestanswertothenumberedquestion.

Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthecellsurfaceistrue?
A. Allintegralmembraneproteinsarefreetodiffuseintheplaneoftheplasmamembrane.
B. Allcarbohydrateisassociatedwiththeexternalsurfaceoftheplasmamembrane.
C. Allplasmamembraneproteinsareembeddedinthelipidbilayerbydomainsofhydrophobicaminoacids.
D. Thelipidcompositionofthetwoleafletsofthebilayeristhesame.
E. Allcellsurfacereceptorsaretransmembraneglycoproteins.
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Question23
Selectthesinglebestanswertothenumberedquestion.

Whichofthefollowingistrueregardingthestructureand/ordistributionofmitochondriainhuman
cells?
A. theyhaveauniformsizeandshape
B. theyarealwaysevenlydistributedthroughoutthecytoplasm
C. theyareimmobilewithinthecytoplasm
D. innermembraneshavealargersurfaceareathanoutermembranes
E. theyareabsentinspermbutabundantineggs
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Question24
Selectthesinglebestanswertothenumberedquestion.

Theelectrontransportchaininmitochondria
A. iscomposedexclusivelyofproteinssynthesizedinsidemitochondria
B. generatesanelectronchemicalpotentialacrosstheinnermitochondrialmembrane
C. transportsATPfrominsidemitochondriatothecytoplasm
D. ismadeupofsolubleproteincomplexespresentinthemitochondrialmatrix
E. functionsinreplicatingmitochondrialDNA
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Question25
Selectthesinglebestanswertothenumberedquestion.

Nlinkedoligosaccharidesarepresentonproteins(orportionsofproteins)foundatwhichofthe
followinglocations?
A. Nuclearmatrix
B. Inner(cytoplasmic)surfaceoftheplasmamembrane
C. Innersurfaceofthelysosomalmembrane
D. Mitochondrialinnermembrane
E. Cytoplasmic(cytosolicsurfaceoftheRER)
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Question26
Selectthesinglebestanswertothenumberedquestion.

Freecytoplasmicpolyribosomesfunctioninthesynthesisofproteinsforallofthefollowing
destinationsEXCEPT:
A. nuclearmatrix
B. mitochondrialmatrix
C. mitochondrialoutermembrane
D. peroxisomalmatrix
E. extracellularmatrix
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Question27
Selectthesinglebestanswertothenumberedquestion.

AnalysisofZellwegerSyndromehashelpedtoillustrateallofthefollowingpropertiesofperoxisomes
EXCEPT
A. peroxisomesmetabolizelongchainfattyacids
B. peroxisomesareessenetialorganelles
C. peroxisomesareformedbybuddingfromtheGolgicomplex
D. importofperoxisomalproteinsrequirestargetingsignals
E. importofperoxisomalproteinsrequiresreceptors
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Question28
Selectthesinglebestanswertothenumberedquestion.

Whichofthefollowingistrueregardingtheorganizationoftheplasmamembrane?
A. Cholesterolispresentonlyintheexternalleafletofthebilayer
B. Phospholipidsflipflopfreelybetweentheouterandinnerleaflets
C. Someproteinsareanchoredtotheouterleafletbycovalentlyattachedlipid
D. Individualphospholipidsintheouterleafletdissolveinextracellularmediumandreadilymovebetween
neighboringcells
E. Proteinandlipidcompositionarealwaysthesameovertheentirecellsurface
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Question29
Selectthesinglebestanswertothenumberedquestion.

Iniontransportingepithelia,allofthefollowingeventspositivelyimpactproductionofenergyforion
transportEXCEPT
A. localizationofmitochondriaclosetotheplasmamembrane
B. exportofATPfromthemitochondrialmatrixtothecytosol
C. useofatransmembraneH+gradienttosynthesizeATP
D. acidificationofthemitochondrialmatrix
E. uptakeofpyruvateandfattyacidsfromthecytosolintothemitochondrialmatrix
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Question30
Selectthesinglebestanswertothenumberedquestion.

Perioxisomalmatrixproteins
A. aretranslatedfrommRNAsinsideperoxisomes
B. areglycosylatedonasparagineresidues
C. aresynthesizedonmembraneboundrobosomes
D. encodesignalsequencesthatarethesameasthoseonplasmamembraneproteins
E. undergoposttranslationalimportintoperioxisomes
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Question31
Selectthesinglebestanswertothenumberedquestion.

Proteinsfoundwithinthenucleus
A. areallsynthesizedonribosomesthatareboundtothenuclearenvelope
B. areimportedintothenucleuscotranslationally(duringsynthesis)
C. cancontainnuclearexportsignalsaswellasnuclearimportsignals
D. requireattachmentofNlinkedoligosccharidestobeproperlyfolded
E. canalsobedetectedatlowlevelsintheGolgi
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Question32
Selectthesinglebestanswertothenumberedquestion.

AllofthefollowingaretruestatementsaboutmitochondrialDNAEXCEPT
A. mutationscanaffectthefunctionoftheelectrontransport(respiratory)chain
B. encodestRNAsusedforproteinsynthesiswithinmitochondria
C. exhibitmaternalinheritance
D. canbeexchangedbetweenmitochondriabecausemitochondriafusewithoneanotherandalsoundergofission
E. mutationsinmitochondrialDNAarenecessasryforprogrammedcelldeath(apoptosis)
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Question33
Selectthesinglebestanswertothenumberedquestion.

ZellwegerSyndromehascontributedtounderstandingperoxisomalfunctionby
A. facilitatingidentificationofdiseaserelatedgenesonDNAlocatedwithinperoxisomes
B. demonstratingdeficienciesinATPsynthesisbyperoxisomesfrompatients
C. helpingtoidentifydefectivereceptorsinvolvedinperoxisomalproteinimport
D. leadingtothediscoveryofglycoproteinsthatfailtoreachperoxisomesinvesiclesoriginatingfromthetransGolgi
network
E. clarifyingthatmitochondrialandperoxisomalfunctionslargelyoverlap
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