Proportional, Priority, Pressure

Compensated Hydraulic Systems

Objectives:
Provide students with a comparison of a basic PPPC
hydraulic system to a basic LS/PC hydraulic system
Explain PPPC hydraulics as it is used on representative Cat
products

FLOW CONTROL VALVE

PRESSURE
REDUCING
VALVE
ORIFICE

PRESSURE COMPENSATION
LOAD
ENGINE
FIXED
DISPLACEMENT
PUMP
DOUBLE
CHECK VALVE

50 PSI
SPRING

3000 PSI
SPRING
PRESSURE
REDUCING VALVE

CLOSED CENTER
CONTROL VALVE

Definition:
Pressure Compensation
A control system which results in constant
implement speed for a given lever displacement.
The system does this by maintaining a
controlled pressure drop across the main
control or directional spool in each circuit.

LOAD SENSING WITH SIGNAL NETWORK

ENGINE

RESOLVER

LOAD

300 PSI
SPRING
RESOLVER
LOAD
FLOW
CONTROL
VALVE
RESOLVER
3000 PSI
SPRING

A
RELIEF
VALVE

SIGNAL NETWORK

BOOM

ENGINE

SWING

LEFT
RIGHT
STABILIZER STABILIZER

BUCKET

STICK
PRIMARY
RESOLVER
SECONDARY
RESOLVER

300 PSI
SPRING

FLOW
CONTROL
VALVE

3000 PSI
SPRING

RELIEF
VALVE

TO IMPLEMENT
CONTROL VALVES

Definition:
Load Sensing
A control system that maintains a pump supply
pressure at a fixed value above the highest
system pressure requirement.

VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT PUMP

PUMP OUTPUT
LARGE ACTUATOR

YOKE PAD
SWASH PLATE

DRIVE
SHAFT

FLOW COMPENSATOR
( MARGIN SPOOL)

PRESSURE
COMPENSATOR
(PRESSURE CUT-OFF)

SMALL ACTUATOR
& BIAS SPRING

LOAD SENSING / PRESSURE COMPENSATION

LOAD
ENGINE

FIXED
DISPLACEMENT
PUMP
DOUBLE
CHECK VALVE

300 PSI
SPRING

FLOW
CONTROL
VALVE

3000 PSI
SPRING

50 PSI
SPRING

PRESSURE
REDUCING VALVE

CLOSED CENTER
CONTROL VALVE

LOAD SENSING / PRESSURE COMPENSATION

PUMP
CONTROL
VALVE

LOAD

ENGINE

VARIABLE
DISPLACEMENT
PUMP

DOUBLE
CHECK VALVE

50 PSI
SPRING

PRESSURE
REDUCING VALVE

CLOSED CENTER
CONTROL VALVE

LOAD SENSING
TWO VALVE OPERATION
MOTOR

LOAD

LOAD
300 PSI
SPRING

3000 PSI
SPRING

LS Only - Pressure Differentials

Flow Needs Met
Maximum Pump Flow = 30 gpm
Valve A desired flow = 10 gpm
Valve B desired flow = 10 gpm
Margin Pressure is normal
System Pressure = Valve A load plus margin pressure = 2300 psi

Valve A @ 2000 psi

Valve B @ 1000 psi

P Directional Spool
2300 - 2000 = 300 psi
2300 - 1000 = 1300 psi
Pressure P Varies

If Valve A load stayed the same and Valve B would vary as the load on the circuit
varied, the operator would have to constantly shift the lever to maintain implement
control.

LOAD SENSING / PRESSURE COMPENSATION

TWO VALVE OPERATION
ENGINE
LOAD

300 PSI
SPRING

LOAD
50 PSI
SPRING

3000 PSI
SPRING

50 PSI
SPRING

LS/PC - Pressure Differentials

Flow Needs Met
Maximum Pump Flow = 30 gpm
Valve A desired flow = 10 gpm
Valve B desired flow = 10 gpm
Margin Pressure is normal
System Pressure = Valve A load plus margin pressure = 2300 psi

Valve A @ 2000 psi

Valve B @ 1000 psi

P Compensator
2300 - (2000+50) = 250 psi
2300 - (1000+50) = 1250 psi

P Directional Spool
2050 - 2000 psi = 50 psi
1050 psi - 1000 psi = 50 psi

P Varies

P the Same

LS/PC - When Flow Demand Exceeds

Available Pump Flow
Maximum Pump Flow = 30 gpm
Margin Pressure less than normal
Desired Flow
Valve A @ 2000 psi
30 gpm
Valve B @ 1000 psi
20 gpm
Valve C @ 500 psi
10 gpm
Total

60 gpm

Available Flow
0 gpm
20 gpm
10 gpm
30 gpm

PPPC HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

TWO VALVE OPERATION / FLOW NEEDS MET
2000
PSI

1000
PSI
10 GPM
FLOW
REQ'D

10 GPM
FLOW
REQ'D

VALVE B

VALVE A

PRESSURE
COMPENSATING
CHECK VALVE

FEEDER
PASSAGE

BRIDGE
PASSAGE

50 PSI
SPRING

PILOT OIL

DIRECTIONAL
SPOOL

PILOT OIL
SIGNAL
LIMITER
VALVE

300 PSI
MARGIN
SPRING
PUMP
3500 PSI
CUTOFF
SPRING

50 PSI
SPRING

30 GPM
MAXIMUM
FLOW

3000 PSI
SPRING

PPPC - Pressure Differentials

Flow Needs Met
Maximum Pump Flow = 30 gpm
Valve A desired flow = 10 gpm
Valve B desired flow = 10 gpm
Margin Pressure is normal
System Pressure = Valve A load plus margin pressure = 2300 psi

Valve A @ 2000 psi

Valve B @ 1000 psi

P Directional Spool
2300 - (2000+50) = 250 psi
2300 - (2000+50) = 250 psi

P Compensator
2050 - 2000 psi = 50 psi
2050 psi - 1000 psi = 1050 psi

P the Same

P Varies

PPPC HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

TWO VALVE OPERATION / HIGH FLOW DEMAND
2000
PSI

1000
PSI

20 GPM
FLOW
REQ'D

20 GPM
FLOW
REQ'D

VALVE A

VALVE B

PRESSURE
COMPENSATING
CHECK VALVE

FEEDER
PASSAGE

BRIDGE
PASSAGE

50 PSI
SPRING

PILOT OIL
300 PSI
MARGIN
SPRING

50 PSI
SPRING
DIRECTIONAL
SPOOL

PILOT OIL

SIGNAL
LIMITER
VALVE

PUMP
3500 PSI
CUTOFF
SPRING

30 GPM
MAXIMUM
FLOW

3000 PSI
SPRING

PPPC - Pressure Differentials

Flow Needs Not Met
Maximum Pump Flow = 30 gpm
Valve A desired flow = 20 gpm Proportioned Flow = 15 gpm
Valve B desired flow = 20 gpm Proportioned Flow = 15 gpm
Margin pressure less than normal
System Pressure = Valve A load plus reduced margin pressure = 2200 psi

Valve A @ 2000 psi

Valve B @ 1000 psi

P Directional Spool
2200 - (2000+50) = 150 psi
2200 - (2000+50) = 150 psi

P Compensator
2050 - 2000 psi = 50 psi
2050 psi - 1000 psi = 1050 psi

P the Same

P Varies

PPPC - When Flow Demand Exceeds

Available Pump Flow
Maximum Pump Flow = 30 gpm
Margin pressure less than normal
Desired Flow
Valve A @ 2000 psi
30 gpm
Valve B @ 1000 psi
20 gpm
Valve C @ 500 psi
10 gpm
Total

60 gpm

Available Flow
15 gpm
10 gpm
5 gpm
30 gpm

Definition:
Proportional, Priority, Pressure
Compensated Hydraulic System
Provides precise multiple circuit flow control
whenever pump flow is exceeded. This is
accomplished through post main spool pressure
compensation, which results in proportional
flow division.

PPPC HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

TWO VALVE OPERATION / CUTOFF CONTROLS MAX. PRESSURE
3500
PSI

1000
PSI
10 GPM
FLOW
REQ'D

VALVE B

VALVE A

PRESSURE
COMPENSATING
CHECK VALVE

FEEDER
PASSAGE

BRIDGE
PASSAGE

50 PSI
SPRING

PILOT OIL

DIRECTIONAL
SPOOL

PILOT OIL
SIGNAL
LIMITER
VALVE

300 PSI
MARGIN
SPRING
PUMP
3500 PSI
CUTOFF
SPRING

50 PSI
SPRING

30 GPM
MAXIMUM
FLOW

4000 PSI
SPRING

PPPC - Pressure Differentials

Pressure Cutoff Controls Maximum System Pressure
Maximum Pump Flow = 30 gpm
Valve A desired flow = Stalled
Valve B desired flow = 10 gpm Actual Flow = 0 gpm
Margin pressure = 0
System Pressure = Controlled by Pressure Cutoff = 3500 psi

Valve A @ 3500 psi

Valve B @ 1000 psi

P Directional Spool
3500 - 3500 = 0 psi
3500 - 3500 = 0 psi

P Compensator
3500 - 3550 psi = -50 psi
1000 - 3550 psi = -2550 psi

P the Same

Neg P Varies = No Flow

Telehandlers
PPPC Hydraulic System

IMPLEMENT AND STEERING SYSTEM

COMPENSATING
CYLINDERS

HYDRAULIC
PUMP

BOOM
EXTEND/RETRACT
COMPENSATING
BOOM
VALVE
RAISE/LOWER

FORKS

SIGNAL
LINE
DIRECTIONAL
CONTROL
VALVES

JOYSTICK
ATTACHMENT
CARRIER
ROTATE TILT

FILTER

FRAME
LEVEL
CONTROL
VALVE

HMU
TANK

SELECTOR
VALVE MANIFOLD
TO BRAKE
BOOST CYLINDER

DIFFERENTIAL LOCK

FRAME
LEVEL

MANUAL
OVERRIDE

BOOM
RAISE

BOOM
LOWER

BOOM
RETRACT

BOOM
EXTEND

TILT
BACK

TILT
FORWARD

HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

RETURN FROM
OTHER VALVES

SIGNAL
RELIEF
VALVE
STEERING
VALVE

BOOM
RAISE/LOWER
CONTROL VALVE

BOOM
RETRACT/EXTEND
CONTROL VALVE

TILT
CONTROL
VALVE

SIGNAL FROM
OTHER VALVES

PRESSURE
REDUCING
VALVE

TO OTHER
VALVES
DIFFERENTIAL
LOCK

PUMP
SERVICE BRAKE
BOOST CYLINDER

SELECTOR
VALVE
MANIFOLD

JOYSTICK
PILOT
CONTROL
VALVE

STEERING AND IMPLEMENT PUMP

COMPENSATOR VALVE

CONSTANT FLOW

BIAS
SPRING

ACTUATOR
PISTON

SWASHPLATE

SIGNAL
PRESSURE

TO CONTROL
VALVE GROUP

PRESSURE
CUTOFF SPOOL

MARGIN
SPOOL

RESOLVER

BOOM
RAISE

BOOM
LOWER

BOOM
RETRACT

BOOM
EXTEND
TILT
BACK

HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

TILT
FORWARD

IMPLEMENTS IN HOLD

TO
HMU
RETURN FROM
OTHER VALVES

SIGNAL
RELIEF
VALVE

SIGNAL FROM
OTHER VALVES

PRESSURE
REDUCING
VALVE

TO OTHER
VALVES

STEERING
PRIORITY
VALVE

PRESSURE
COMPENSATING
CHECK VALVE

DIFFERENTIAL
LOCK

PUMP
SERVICE BRAKE
BOOST CYLINDER
SELECTOR
VALVE
MANIFOLD

JOYSTICK
PILOT
CONTROL
VALVE

RETURN
TO TANK

DIRECTIONAL
CONTROL
SPOOL

IMPLEMENT
CONTROL VALVE
HOLD

BRIDGE
PASSAGE

PUMP
SUPPLY

PORT A

FEEDER
PASSAGE

PORT B

RESOLVER
VALVE

A
SIGNAL
PASSAGE
TO NEXT
VALVE

FROM PILOT
SYSTEM

PRESSURE
COMPENSATING
CHECK VALVE

RESOLVED
SIGNAL

FEEDER
PASSAGE

RETURN
TO TANK

DIRECTIONAL
CONTROL
SPOOL

IMPLEMENT
CONTROL VALVE
SHIFT

BRIDGE
PASSAGE

PUMP
SUPPLY

PORT A

FEEDER
PASSAGE

PORT B

RESOLVER
VALVE

A
SIGNAL
PASSAGE
TO NEXT
VALVE

FROM PILOT
SYSTEM

PRESSURE
COMPENSATING
CHECK VALVE

RESOLVED
SIGNAL

FEEDER
PASSAGE

TELEHANDLER IMPLEMENT VALVE GROUP

SIGNAL
RELIEF VALVE

PRESSURE
REDUCING
VALVE

PUMP SUPPLY

PILOT OIL

AUX.
VALVE

TILT
VALVE

BOOM
EXTEND/RETRACT
VALVE

BOOM
RAISE/LOWER
VALVE
STEERING
VALVE
RESOLVER

SIGNAL TO
PUMP CONTROL

LINE
RELIEF
VALVE

RESOLVER

BOOM
RAISE

BOOM
LOWER

BOOM
RETRACT

BOOM
EXTEND
TILT
BACK

HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

TILT
FORWARD

BOOM RAISE

TO
HMU
RETURN FROM
OTHER VALVES

SIGNAL
RELIEF
VALVE

SIGNAL FROM
OTHER VALVES

PRESSURE
REDUCING
VALVE

TO OTHER
VALVES

STEERING
PRIORITY
VALVE

PRESSURE
COMPENSATING
CHECK VALVE

DIFFERENTIAL
LOCK

PUMP
SERVICE BRAKE
BOOST CYLINDER
SELECTOR
VALVE
MANIFOLD

JOYSTICK
PILOT
CONTROL
VALVE

'H' Series Motor Graders

PPPC Hydraulic System

STEERING AND IMPLEMENT HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

HAND
METERING
UNIT

LEFT
VALVE
BANK

RIGHT
VALVE BANK

ACCUMULATOR

PUMP

TANK

COMBINATION COMPENSATOR
VALVE
VALVE

H-SERIES
HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

RIGHT
VALVE
BANK
HAND
METERING
UNIT

TO IMPLEMENT
CYLINDERS

STEERING
ACCUMULATOR

COMBINATION
VALVE
TO STEERING
CYLINDERS

IMPLEMENT
SIGNAL LINE

TO IMPLEMENT
CYLINDERS
LEFT
VALVE
BANK

STEERING
SIGNAL LINE

COMPENSATOR
VALVE
FILTER

PUMP

PUMP AND COMPENSATOR OPERATION

CONSTANT FLOW

SIGNAL

PUMP OUTPUT
REDUCED PRESSURE

SIGNAL NETWORK
RIGHT BLADE LIFT
LEFT
BLADE LIFT

SIDE
SHIFT

CIRCLE
DRIVE
BLADE TIP

CENTER
SHIFT
ARTICULATION

WHEEL
LEAN RIGHT
BLADE LIFT

TO
COMPENSATOR
VALVES

SIGNAL RESOLVER VALVE

FROM STEERING
HAND METERING UNIT

FROM PRIORITY AND

STEERING RELIEF VALVE

SIGNAL
CHECK
VALVE

TO SIGNAL BLEED
AND SIGNAL PRESSURE
RELIEF VALVES

COMBINATION VALVE

TO PUMP
COMPENSATOR VALVE

LEFT IMPLEMENT CONTROL VALVES

HOLD

SIDE
SHIFT

BLADE
TIP

LEFT BLADE LIFT

CIRCLE DRIVE

RIGHT IMPLEMENT CONTROL VALVES

HOLD

ARTICULATION

CENTER SHIFT

WHEEL LEAN

RIGHT BLADE LIFT

LOCK VALVE SEATS

PORT A

LOCK VALVE
PISTON

TYPICAL
IMPLEMENT VALVE
PORT B

LOCK VALVE
POPPET

HOLD
LOCK VALVE POPPET
COMPENSATOR VALVE

TO TANK
TO TANK
CENTERING SPRING

ROTARY
ACTUATOR
COUNTERBALANCE CONTROL FROM
SPRING
STEM
PUMP

SIGNAL
CHECK BALL
TO
COMBINATION
VALVE
MANIFOLD

LOCK VALVE
POPPET

LOCK VALVE SEATS

TO
TO
HEAD END
ROD END
LOCK VALVE
PISTONS

BLADE LIFT VALVE

HOLD
LOCK VALVE
POPPET

COUNTERBALANCE TO
SPRING
TANK

COMPENSATOR
VALVE
ROD END LINE
RELIEF VALVE
TO TANK

ROTARY
ACTUATOR
DETENT
SPRING

CONTROL
STEM

FROM
PUMP

SIGNAL
CENTERING
CHECK BALL
SPRING

TO COMBINATION
VALVE
MANIFOLD

PORT A

PORT B

BLADE LIFT VALVE

FULLY SHIFTED TO THE RIGHT

COMPENSATOR
VALVE

CONTROL
STEM

FROM
PUMP

SIGNAL
CHECK BALL

TO COMBINATION
VALVE
MANIFOLD

TYPICAL
IMPLEMENT VALVES
IMPLEMENT VALVE WITH
LOWEST LOAD

IMPLEMENT VALVE WITH

HIGHEST LOAD
PORT A

PORT A

PORT B

PORT B

COMPENSATOR
VALVE

COMPENSATOR
VALVE

TO TANK

FROM PUMP

SIGNAL
CHECK BALL
(OPEN)

CONTROL
STEM
FROM PUMP

SIGNAL
CHECK BALL
(SEATED)
TO
COMBINATION
VALVE
MANIFOLD

924G/924Gz Wheel Loaders

PPPC Hydraulic System

FROM
STEERING

TO
STEERING

924G IMPLEMENT
HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

RIDE
CONTROL
GROUP

COUPLER
QUICK
CONTROL
COUPLER
VALVE

RETURN
RESTRICTOR

TILT
CYLINDER

COMBINATION
COMBINATION
VALVE
VALVE

MANIFOLD

LIFT
CYLINDERS

THIRD
FUNCTION

FOURTH
FUNCTION

SIGNAL
LIMITER

SIGNAL
DRAIN
VALVE

TILT
CONTROL
VALVE

LIFT
CONTROL
VALVE

TANK

PRESSURE
REDUCING
VALVE

HYDRAULIC
LOCKOUT
VALVE

WIRED TO
CONTROLLER

TILT
PILOT
VALVE

PILOT CONTROL VALVES

AUXILIARY
CONTROL
VALVE

AUXILIARY
CONTROL
VALVE

FROM
STEERING

QUICK
COUPLER
RIDE
CONTROL
GROUP

COUPLER
CONTROL
VALVE

924G IMPLEMENT
HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

COMBINATION
VALVE

HOLD

TILT
CYLINDER

RETURN
RESTRICTOR

MANIFOLD
TO
STEERING

LIFT
CYLINDERS

THIRD
FUNCTION

DEAD ENGINE
LOWER VALVE

SIGNAL
LIMITER

PRESSURE
COMPENSATOR

LOCK
VALVE

THROTTLE
PIN
SIGNAL
DRAIN
VALVE

TANK
PRESSURE
REDUCING
VALVE

MAKEUP
VALVE

REGEN.
VALVE

LINE RELIEF
AND MAKEUP
VALVES

BACK PRESSURE
CHECK VALVE

SHOCK
REDUCING
VALVE

HYDRAULIC
LOCKOUT
VALVE

WIRED TO
CONTROLLER

TILT
PILOT
VALVE

LIFT
PILOT
VALVE

AUX
PILOT
VALVE

AUX
PILOT
VALVE

FOURTH
FUNCTION

IMPLEMENT PUMP
CONSTANT FLOW

ACTUATOR
PISTON

SIGNAL
PRESSURE

BIAS
SPRING

ORIFICES

SWASHPLATE

TO CONTROL
VALVE GROUP

MARGIN
SPRING

PRESSURE
CUTOFF SPOOL

MARGIN
SPOOL

CONTROL VALVE
HOLD

SIGNAL
TO / FROM
ATTACHMENT

TO / FROM
ATTACHMENT

LINE RELIEF /
MAKEUP
VALVE

SHOCK REDUCING
CHECK VALVE

PRESSURE
COMPENSATOR
VALVE
LINE RELIEF /
MAKEUP
VALVE

LOAD CHECK
VALVE

FEEDER
PASSAGE

PUMP
SUPPLY

SPOOL

TRAVEL LIMITER
SCREW

PRESSURE COMPENSATOR OPERATION

TO PUMP,
SIGNAL LIMITER,
AND
SIGNAL DRAIN
VALVE

SIGNAL
VALVE A

VALVE B

VALVE C
PRESSURE
COMPENSATOR

SLOTS
LOAD CHECK
VALVE

FEEDER
PASSAGE
PUMP
SUPPLY

HOLD

SPOOL
PUMP
SUPPLY

LOW PRESSURE

SPOOL
PUMP
SUPPLY

HIGH PRESSURE

IMPLEMENT HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

RAISE / DUMP

SIGNAL
LIMITER

PRESSURE
COMPENSATOR

TILT
CYLINDER

LIFT
CYLINDERS

LOAD CHECK
VALVE
TANK

SIGNAL
DRAIN
VALVE

LINE RELIEF
AND MAKEUP
VALVES

BACK PRESSURE
CHECK VALVE

924G TILT VALVE

TILT BACK

FROM
HEAD END

SIGNAL
TO ROD
END

LINE RELIEF /
MAKEUP
VALVE

PRESSURE
COMPENSATOR
VALVE
LINE RELIEF /
MAKEUP
VALVE

SPOOL
LOAD CHECK
VALVE

PUMP
SUPPLY

PILOT OPERATED
LOCK VALVE

924Gz IMPLEMENT
HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

RIDE
CONTROL
GROUP

HOLD

MANIFOLD

TILT
CYLINDER

RETURN
RESTRICTOR

LIFT
CYLINDERS

TO
STEERING

DEAD ENGINE
LOWER VALVE

SIGNAL
LIMITER

LS

THIRD
FUNCTION
PRESSURE
COMPENSATOR

LOCK
VALVE

THROTTLE
PIN
SIGNAL
DRAIN
VALVE

TANK
PRESSURE
REDUCING
VALVE

REGEN.
VALVE

LINE RELIEF
AND MAKEUP
VALVES

FLOAT
POSITION
VALVES

BACK PRESSURE
CHECK VALVE

SHOCK
REDUCING
VALVE

HYDRAULIC
LOCKOUT
VALVE

WIRED TO
CONTROLLER

TILT
PILOT
VALVE

LIFT
PILOT
VALVE

AUX
PILOT
VALVE

AUX
PILOT
VALVE

FOURTH
FUNCTION

M300 Wheeled Excavators

PPPC Hydraulic System

M300 SERIES EXCAVATOR HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

GENERATION 2 AND 4 MACHINES
PILOT AND IMPLEMENT HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS

STICK

BUCKET

BOOM

SWING
MOTOR

STEERING
VALVE

TO DOZER
BLADE/
STABILIZERS

TRAVEL
MOTOR

MAIN CONTROL VALVE GROUP

TRANSMISSION

TRANSMISSION
SHIFT
PARKING
BRAKE
CONTROL

STICK
DOZER
AND
PILOT SWING
VALVE PILOT
VALVE

TO
BRAKES

TO
SWING
PUMP

TRAVEL BOOM AND

BUCKET
PILOT
PILOT
VALVE
VALVE

WHEEL BRAKE
VALVE

TO LOW FLOW
ATTACHMENT

GOVERNOR
ACTUATOR
MOTOR
OIL
COOLER
BRAKE
AND
STEERING
PUMPS

ENGINE

MAIN
PUMP

SWING
PUMP

RETURN
MANIFOLD

PILOT MANIFOLD

LOW
FLOW
ATTACH

M312/M315/M318
MAIN PUMP CONTROLS

LOAD
SENSING
SPOOL

MARGIN PRESSURE
ADJUSTMENT SCREW

COMPONENTS

PUMP
SUPPLY

LOAD SENSING
ORIFICE SPOOL

POWER SHIFT
PRESSURE
FROM MAIN
PUMP PRV

LOAD SENSING
ORIFICE ADJUSTMENT
SCREW
LOAD SENSING ORIFICE

A
HORSEPOWER
ADJUSTMENT SCREW
HORSEPOWER
CONTROL SPOOL
MAIN RELIEF
VALVE

LEVER

MINIMUM ANGLE
PISTON

POWER SHIFT
PRESSURE PISTON

ACTUATOR PISTON
MAXIMUM ANGLE PISTON
PIVOT PIN

SIGNAL
LIMITER VALVE

LEVER
MAIN CONTROL
VALVE

LOAD SENSING
SIGNAL

HORSEPOWER CONTROL SPOOL

TO IMPLEMENTS

SECTION A - A

CONTROL
PRESSURE

CONTROL VALVE
NEUTRAL
LOAD SENSING SIGNAL
PORT

COMPENSATOR VALVE
LOAD CHECK VALVE

PORT A

LINE RELIEF AND

MAKEUP VALVE

PORT B

TRAVEL LIMITER
SCREW

FROM
JOYSTICK

CONTROL
SPOOL

FEEDER
PASSAGE

PUMP
SUPPLY

FROM
JOYSTICK

SHOCK REDUCING
VALVE

TO SIGNAL
LIMITER VALVE

COMPENSATOR VALVES
SIGNAL

TO NEXT
COMPENSATOR

LOAD
SENSING
PORT

TO PUMP
CONTROLS
PASSAGE TO
CYLINDER

CROSS-DRILLED
PASSAGE

FEEDER
PASSAGE

SUPPLY
OIL

CONTROL
SPOOL

NEUTRAL

LOW CIRCUIT
PRESSURE

HIGH CIRCUIT
PRESSURE

CONTROL VALVE
HIGH PRESSURE
SIGNAL

COMPENSATOR VALVE
LOAD CHECK
VALVE
PORT B

PORT A

FROM
JOYSTICK

LINE RELIEF AND

MAKEUP VALVE

FEEDER
PASSAGE

PUMP
SUPPLY

SHOCK REDUCING
VALVE

CONTROL VALVE
LOW PRESSURE
SIGNAL

COMPENSATOR VALVE
LOAD CHECK
VALVE

PORT A

FROM
JOYSTICK

LINE RELIEF AND

MAKEUP VALVE

PORT B

FEEDER
PASSAGE

PUMP
SUPPLY

SHOCK REDUCING
VALVE

'B' Series Telehandlers

PPPC Hydraulic System

IMPLEMENT HYDRAULIC SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM

HOLD

LOAD CONTROL
VALVE
TELESCOPING
CYLINDER
LOAD CONTROL
VALVE

LOAD CONTROL
VALVE

HAND
LOWERING
PUMP

IMPLEMENT CONTROL
VALVE

COMPENSATING
CYLINDERS

BOOM CYLINDER
LOAD CONTROL
VALVE

LINE RELIEF VALVES

PRIORITY
VALVE

PILOT MODULE
FROM STABILIZERS
CIRCUIT
LOAD SIGNAL FROM
STABILIZERS CIRCUIT

SUPPLY TO STEERING

INLET
MANIFOLD

STEERING
PRIORITY SIGNAL

TELESCOPING
CONTROL VALVE

AUXILIARY
CONTROL VALVE

TILT
CONTROL VALVE

BOOM
CONTROL VALVE

PRESSURE
REDUCING
VALVE (PILOT OIL)

IMPLEMENT
SIGNAL
LIMITER
SUPPLY OIL TO
STABILIZERS CIRCUIT

PUMP
CONTROL
VALVE

SIGNAL
DRAIN VALVE

HYDRAULIC PISTON
PUMP

PILOT MODULE
PILOT OIL TO
STABILIZERS CIRCUIT

PHS ECMs

TO TRANSMISSION
PUMP

SUPPLY OIL TO
BRAKE CIRCUIT
MACHINE ECM

HYDRAULIC
TANK

IMPLEMENT
ELECTRONIC
JOYSTICK

STEERING AND IMPLEMENT PUMP

CONSTANT FLOW

MARGIN
SPRING
ACTUATOR
PISTON
BIAS
SPRING

SIGNAL
PRESSURE
ORIFICE

ORIFICES

SIGNAL
LIMITER

SWASHPLATE

TO CONTROL
VALVE GROUP

PRESSURE
CUTOFF SPOOL

MARGIN
SPOOL

PROGRAMMABLE HYDRAULIC SYSTEM (PHS)

ELECTRICAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
PHS DATA LINK PHS DATA LINK +
ADDRESS LINE OUT
ADDRESS LINE IN
+10 V POWER SUPPLY

IMPLEMENT
ELECTRONIC
JOYSTICK

PWM
SIGNAL

MACHINE
ECM

% VALVE
COMMAND
PHS CAN
DATA LINK

% NORMALIZED
CAT
LEVER POSITION
DATA
LINK
% VALVE
COMMAND
CATERPILLAR
ELECTRONIC
TECHNICIAN
(ET)

+12 V BATTERY
GROUND
PHS
ECM

CURRENT

PHS
SOLENOID
PHS PILOT MODULE

IMPLEMENT CONTROL VALVES

BOOM UP

TELESCOPING
CYLINDER

COMPENSATING
CYLINDERS

LOAD CONTROL
VALVES

BOOM
CYLINDER
LOAD CONTROL
VALVES

TILT
CYLINDER

LOAD CONTROL
VALVE
AUXILIARY
QUICK DISCONNECTS
LINE
RELIEF
VALVES

PUMP (MANUAL
LOWERING)

100 MICRON
SCREEN

IMPLEMENT
CONTROL
VALVE

OUTLET SECTION

INLET
SECTION

RETURN PILOT OIL

FROM STABILIZER
CIRCUIT

PRIORITY
VALVE
FROM STABILIZER
CIRCUIT
100 MICRON SCREEN

LOAD SIGNAL FROM

STABILIZER CIRCUIT

SUPPLY TO
STEERING

PRESSURE REDUCING
VALVE (PILOT)

STEERING PRIORITY
SIGNAL

PILOT SHUTOFF
SOLENOID

PUMP SUPPLY
LOAD SENSING
TO PUMP

SUPPLY OIL TO
STABILIZER CIRCUIT,
FRAME LEVEL, REAR
AXLE LOCK

LOAD SENSING
FROM STEERING
SIGNAL
LIMITER
100 MICRON SCREEN
TO TANK

PILOT OIL TO
STABILIZER CIRCUIT
RETURN OIL FROM
BRAKE CIRCUIT

TO TANK
SIGNAL DRAIN
VALVE

PHS SOLENOID

TELESCOPING
CONTROL VALVE

AUXILIARY
CONTROL VALVE

TILT CONTROL
VALVE

BOOM RAISE/LOWER
CONTROL VALVE

PRESSURE
COMPENSATOR

SUPPLY OIL TO
BRAKE CIRCUIT

CONTROL VALVE
HOLD

PORT

ORIFICE

PORT
PRESSURE
COMPENSATOR

SIGNAL
PASSAGE

FEEDER
PASSAGE

CHECK
VALVE

PILOT
CHAMBER
PUMP SUPPLY
PASSAGE
PILOT CHAMBER

MAIN SPOOL

SPOOL CHAMBER

CONTROL VALVE

HIGHEST CIRCUIT LOAD SIGNAL

ORIFICE
PORT

PORT
PRESSURE
COMPENSATOR

SIGNAL
PASSAGE

FEEDER
PASSAGE

CHECK
VALVE

PILOT
CHAMBER
PUMP SUPPLY
PASSAGE
PILOT CHAMBER

MAIN SPOOL

SPOOL CHAMBER

CONTROL VALVE

LOWER CIRCUIT LOAD SIGNAL

ORIFICE

PORT

PORT
PRESSURE
COMPENSATOR

SIGNAL
PASSAGE

FEEDER
PASSAGE

CHECK
VALVE

PILOT
CHAMBER
PUMP SUPPLY
PASSAGE
PILOT CHAMBER

MAIN SPOOL

SPOOL CHAMBER