TLP PRNT PDF

Think, Learn & Perform (TLP) Synopsis Day 1 | IASbaba
1 of 12
http://iasbaba.com/2015/09/think-learn-perform-tlp-synopsis-day-1/
Think, Learn & Perform

(TLP) Synopsis Day 1
September 1, 2015
Written by IASbaba
24 Comments
Archives
Must Refer Comprehensive Mains Strategy
Day 1 Art, Literature and

Architecture GS 1
Q.1) Architecture traditionally, i.e., before the

arrival of British on the Indian soil, was from the
social point of view, a creation of spectacular
sculptural forms hewn out of stone. Analyze.
Understanding the question is of a very high
importance in such complicated questions. We
need to identify the main keywords of the question
to see what exactly they are asking. Here the key
phrases are traditionally, social point of view,
spectacular and stone.
So, what the question demands is this Before the
arrival of Britishers in India, most of the stone
architecture was a spectacle to behold, but their
main
purposes
were
just
for
socio-religious
gatherings and were not much of practical use.

Whereas most of the British architecture were of
daily use, like administration, post of ces or railway
stations.
An analysis of this phenomenon was required. But,
this is only 3/4th of the answer. One should also go
9/6/2015 8:16 PM
2 of 12
An analysis of this phenomenon was required. But,

this is only 3/4th of the answer. One should also go
further and say that the statement is not completely
correct, as some of the old architecture were used
for practical purposes also, like building of viharas
as residential buildings, usage of temples for dance
competitions and many more.
So, a balanced ending with the right examples at
the right places was needed. Some of you have
written such answers, but the
Top Answer goes to Ashoka
Ans) Traditional stone architecture of India is
perceived as a creation of spectacular sculptural
forms without much social relevance, supported by
the following examples:
Initially started with creation of grand and
magni cent stupas adorned with beautiful
carvings and images.
Gandhara, Mathura and Amravati
produced beautiful images of Buddha.
schools
Temple architecture began during Gupta period,

latter ourished under various rulers. They were
built to show the wealth and power of rulers.
Mughal
emperors
built
tombs,
minarets,
mausoleums, arches which re ected their

wealth and glory.
However various other architectural forms have
shown their importance for other people
Monolithic pillars erected by Asoka, carried his
message to people.
Chaityas,
viharas
and
monasteries
served
Budhha and Jaina followers.

Temples became centre of social activities in
towns.
When we compare it with the British architecture in
India, we see that most of the latter ones have
served many other purposes, but not all of them.
They built churches, administrative and residential
9/6/2015 8:16 PM
3 of 12
served many other purposes, but not all of them.

They built churches, administrative and residential
buildings such as Parliament house, Connaught
place, Victoria terminus of Mumbai.
But some others like India Gate, Gateway of India
and Victoria memorial re ect mainly imperial glory.
Architecture in India during every period had some
sort of social importance, which kept on increasing
with time.
Q.2) Hindi is a direct descendant of the Sanskrit

language through Prakrit and Apabhramsa.
Narrate the evolution of Hindi as a language until
modern times, giving suitable literary examples
wherever necessary.
This is a straight forward answer, mainly asked the
evolution of Hindi as a literary language. The
various phases or kal should be mentioned,
alongwith the various important authors in Hindi,
like Prem Chand and examples of their works too.
Also, one should explain how Hindi is related to
Prakrit, Apabhramsa, Sankrit and Urdu. This would
complete the answer and give a complete closure
to the question.
The Top Answer goes to Vicks. Introduction is by
Manpreet
Ans) Hindi, a part of Indo-Aryan family of languages,
is a descendent of Vedic Sanskrit. Prakrit that
evolved from Vedic Sanskrit, and Pali that from
Prakrit gave birth to another language, Apabhramsa
which later gave way to Khari Boli, the dialect on
which todays standard Hindi is based. Evolution of
the Hindi literature can be divided into four stages.
a) Adikal Period between 10th century-14th
century A.D. During this period the hindi poetry
highlighted religious ideas and praised the heroic
deeds of rulers and warriors. Ex: Chandbardais
Prithviraj Raso.
b) Bhaktikal Period between 14th century-17th
century A.D. Bhaktikal poetry is divided between
9/6/2015 8:16 PM
4 of 12
b) Bhaktikal Period between 14th century-17th

century A.D. Bhaktikal poetry is divided between
Nirgunas and Sagunas. Nirgunas believed in a
formless God and Sagunas believed in human form
of God.Nirgunas were further divided into two more
groups. First group believed in a single God ex.
Kabir,Guru Nanak, whereas other group believed
that through love one can realise God ex. Jayasi. On
the other hand Sagunas were the followers of Rama
and Krishna ex. Tulsi Das, Surdas, Meerabai.
c) Ritikal- Period between 17th century-19th century
A.D. During this period sanskrit rhetorical tradition
was emulated on aspects like rasa, alankara, nayaknayika bheda. In addition to this Brajbhasa was also
used in the hindi poetry.
d) Adhunikkal- Around mid of 19th century A.D.
Khariboli was very much prevalent during this
period. Ordinary writing in hindi too evolved during
this period. Eg., Bharatendu Harishchandra, Mahavir
Prasad Dwivedi, Suryakant Tripathi Nirala, Prem
Chand and Harivansharai Bachchan.
Two general but effective answers
Sepoy No 1446
Hindi as its modern form developed during 18th
century.Prior to that it was evolving in some forms
during medieval era like Brajbhasa(Surdas),
Rajsthani dialect(Mirabai),Avadhi (Tulsidas) etc.
Sanskrit is the pristine old classical language of
India.It had gone many changes with time.So Pali
evolved
as
peoples
language
to
teach
Buddhism,Prakrit for Jainism and Apabhramsa as

north India offshoot.The early forms of Hindi
language
had
element
of
these
local
languages.During Bhakti movement new form of

Bhajans and Kirtans were made using these
forms.This period is called Adikala of Hindi.
Major events in development of modern Hindi
language:
The
traditionalists:
Bhartendu
Harishchandras
contribution during late 19th century. He is called
9/6/2015 8:16 PM
5 of 12
The
traditionalists:
Bhartendu
Harishchandras
contribution during late 19th century. He is called

father of Modern Hindi language. Premchanda
depicted contemporary realism through Gaban,
Godan, Karmbhoomi and other creations.
Chhayawad: it was a romantic upsurge helped by
Jayshankar Prasad, Nirala, Sumitranandan Pant and
Mahadevi verma.
Pragtivaad and Prayagavada: It was in uenced by
Marrxist ideology. Yashpal and Ageya come under
it. Ageya was a proli c travel writer.
Nakenwad: It developed post independence. It
takes it name from three writers: Nalin Vilochar,
Kesari Sharma and Naresh Mehta.
Modern Hindi language is fraught with original
creativity. With globalization there is a visible
impact on Hindi language and sustained efforts are
needed for maintaining its originality and strength.
Indushree
Sanskrit is considered to be the mother of many
Indian languages including Hindi. The grammar and
formal vocabulary in Hindi is largely borrowed from
Sanskrit.
Hindi developed from Apabhramsha between 7th
and 8th century A.D. under the patronage of
Rajputs. Prithviraj Raso is one of the earliest books
of Hindi which belongs to this age of heroic poetry.
Braj Bhasha, Rajasthani, Bhojpuri, Magadhi, Awadhi
are all different forms of Hindi. The Bhakti saints
like Kabir, Surdas, Tulsidas, Mirabai and others are
noted for their works in these various dialects.
Hindi as we know today is Khari Boli, a dialect
spoken around Delhi. Amir Khusrau is credited with
extensive use of Khari Boli during the 13th century.
However it was only in 19th century that Hindi
became prominent owing to its contributions to the
nationalist movement. Several newspapers and
books were published in Hindi like the Calcutta
Samachar and Bharat Mitra. Satyartha Prakash by
9/6/2015 8:16 PM
6 of 12
books were published in Hindi like the Calcutta

Samachar and Bharat Mitra. Satyartha Prakash by
Swami Dayanand Saraswati popularised literary
Hindi. Munshi Premchand, Mahadevi Verma,
Jaishankar Prasad are also prominent writers of
this time.
After Independence, Hindi was accorded the status
of of cial language of India under the Article 343 of
Indian Constitution. Being the of cial language of
most of the states in northern India, Hindi enjoys
both popularity and signi cance in recent days.
Q.3) Besides entertainment, puppetry serves as

an
applied
art
form,
conveying
meaningful
messages and stories, thus creating a more moral

and value-laden society. Examine the various
forms of puppetry and their in uence on the Indian
history as an art form.
The various art-forms are of a very high importance.
Puppets and their traditional forms have been
coming in the newspapers since 2013, and we were
expecting a question on puppets for the past 2
years, but it has not come. There is a very high
chance of a 10-marker coming on puppetry this year
(or next), so reading everything about puppets is
recommended.
In this question, the various types should be
enumerated along with examples and places where
they are used. This will take up 100 words. The rest
of the answer should speak about how pupperty is
used as a medium to convey moral stories. They
were also used as propaganda during the Indian
National Movement, using plays like Neel Darpan
etc. They have also been used to portray scenes
from mythology like Ramayana etc., which had a
great in uence on the people.
Such in-depth analysis, along with the facts should
be the crux of the answer. Such answers were
written by many, but the Top Answer goes to
Niranjan P
9/6/2015 8:16 PM
7 of 12
Niranjan P
Ans) India, considered as the land of puppets
showcases different kind of puppetry, both for the
purpose of entertainment and conveying moral
value laden messages to the society. Earliest
reference of puppetry is traced to the Tamil epic
SILAPPADIKARAM.
India hosts 4 categories of puppetry
1. String puppetry Here the limbs are connected
with strings which help for faster movements of
hands and legs. Eg-Kathputhli (Rajasthan)
2. Rod puppetry- An off shot of string puppetry but
rods are used instead of strings .Eg-Putulnauch
3. Shadow puppetry Here straight gures are
created and are projected towards screen with the
help of light. Eg-Ravanachaya
4. Glove puppetry Material from cotton or leather
are used. They are the smallest of all puppets.
Eg-Paavakoothu (kerala)
Their themes are mainly centered around epics and
puranas which gives an account of Indias rich
culture and heritage. During the national movement
they acted as crowd
communicated message
pullers and often

regarding freedom
movement. eg, Neel Darpan.

The major audience is children and an impact on
them is eventually an impact on the society. It acts
a morale booster for physically and mentally
challenged children. It showcases our expertise on
handicrafts sector.
Even now on many tourism programs puppetry is an
inevitable part. TARANG tv program in Doordarshan
and its viewer ratings stands testimony to this.
Q.4) The dance-drama of Kerala, Kathakali which

originated in the 17th century, literally means
story-play. Enumerate the various classical dance
forms of India, and compare and contrast each
dance form with Kathakali.
9/6/2015 8:16 PM
8 of 12
story-play. Enumerate the various classical dance

forms of India, and compare and contrast each
dance form with Kathakali.
This is supposed to be a very long answer, and such
questions wont come in the exam paper, especially
comparing eight dance forms! But, we wanted to
cover a wide range of syllabus, and in the same
time, have an in-depth understanding also. So, this
question was designed in such a way that, within
200 words, the eight dance forms are compared,
contrasted and the various unique special features
are explained. This needs a lot of intelligence to
satisfactorily write within the word-limit.
Also, do mention Sahitya Natak Akademi, as it is
the institution which confers this classical status.
The Top Answer goes to Nikitha
Ans) Indian Classical Dance has evolved from
dancing rituals at the temples and have basically
3 components Nritta (pure dance), nritya
(expressive dance), and Natya (abhinaya). There are
eight dance forms recognised by Sahitya Natak
Academi
1.Bharatanatyam is practiced by both male and
female dancers. Kathakali is practiced by only male
dancers. Both say stories of two epics Ramayana
and Mahabarata.
2. Kathak recounts moral tales from scriptures.
Costume wise Kathakali is rich, vibrant but Kathak
bit simple. Both dances use hand gestures and
facial expression. Kathak has fast rhythmic
foot movement.
3.Mohiniyattam performed by female dancers, they
were white sari embroidered with golden brocade.
Here performer use eyes in a very coy, sensual
manner. Kathakali has erceful eyes also.
4.Odissi is older than Kathakali. Jewellery used
made of intricate
ligree silver jewellery
pieces. Kathakali dancers use golden jewellery.
Both dances uses costumes of bright colours.
5.Sattriya presents mythological teachings. Earlier
9/6/2015 8:16 PM
9 of 12
Both dances uses costumes of bright colours.

5.Sattriya presents mythological teachings. Earlier
only male performed now even women perform this
dance. Uses costume made of silk.
6. Manipuri has raslila has its central theme.
Dancers feet never strike the ground hard. This is
not the case with Kathakali. Movement of body and
feet and facial expression are subtle and aim
at devotion and grace in Manipuri.
7.Kuchipudi older than Kathakali has themes of of
bhagavadpurana.
Usually
single
performace. Kathakali is performed in group and is
usually performed at night.
Top Answer- Nishant
Originating from Kerala, Kathakali is one of the
eight classical dances of India. The others are:
Bharatnatyam Tamil Nadu
Kuchipudi Andhra Pradesh
Odissi Odisha
Sattriya Assam
Manipuri Manipur
Kathak Uttar Pradesh
Mohinattam Kerala
Unique features of Kathakali can be compared with
other forms under the following headings:
Costumes:
Unlike other dance forms, the use of elaborate
makeup and costumes are central to Kathakali.
They used to differentiate between different
characters in story telling such as a Noble, a
Royalty, an evil etc.
Facial expressions:
While most other dance forms like Bharatnatyam
and Odissi focus on hand gestures and body
postures, a Kathakali dancer emphasizes on their
facial expressions instead to depict various
9/6/2015 8:16 PM
10 of 12
postures, a Kathakali dancer emphasizes on their

facial
expressions instead
to
depict
various
emotions. Here body movements are speci cally

controlled.
Music:
Heavy use of drums to create an overwhelming and
loud environment to showcase the con ict
between good and evil. Most other dance forms
such Kathak or Kuchipudi are accompanied by
soothing music.
Though it lacks the grace of Bharatnatyam, the
contours of Odissi, the romance of Kathak, the
innocence of Manipuri but its unique features have
made Kathakali stand out from other classical
dances. The face of a Kathakali dancer being the
logo of Kerala tourism underlines the point.
Q.5) Indian pottery has an ancient tradition dating

back thousands of years and has never ceased to
exist in its 4000 year old history. Discuss the
various forms, styles, stages and evolution of
pottery as a skilled traditional Indian handicraft.
This is also a straight-forward question. Not many
questions have been asked from the handicrafts
portion of the syllabus, so this also has a high
chance of being asked in this years Mains. Pottery
is one such art form, which has been known for a
very long time and has been always practiced
continuously. There was no break in the Indian
history, at least regarding pottery as an handicraft.
This unique feature gives it a special place, so
understanding
mandatory.
everything
about
pottery
is
The answer for this question must contain the

various forms, explanation of those forms and the
styles used in them, some examples of places can
be mentioned along with the era they were made in.
200 words would be more than enough then.
The Top Answer goes to Silverlining and Baboi
Silverlining
9/6/2015 8:16 PM
11 of 12
The Top Answer goes to Silverlining and Baboi

Silverlining
Ans) The evolution of Indian Pottery can be traced
back to the time when agriculture made its way in
human civilization i.e. neolithic age in 4000 BC
onwards. The need arised with the problem of
foodgrains storage and as the time passed it was
used as decorative item which was patronised by
various rulers who ruled over India at different
times.
1. IVC While prevalent use of pottery for the rst
time was seen in Indus Valley Civilization for
storage purpose and decoration as well as stainer.
It was painted grey ware pottery where red colour
formed the base with black colour on it.
2. Mauryan age The pottery found here was
Northern black polished ware(NBPW) which was
highly nished pottery and other colours were also
used.
3. Kushan period(1st AD) Indian architecture took
swift positive change with the advent of many
foreigners and development of Mathura and
Gandhara Art which had greeco-roman in uence.So
pottery also took a way ahead due to patronage of
Kushana rulers and foreign in uence.
4. Gupta Era(4th century AD) Gupta period saw
the beginning of temple architecture and revival of
hinduism which also saw the pottery prevalence as
rulers supported it.
5. Delhi Sultanate and Mughals- They brought with
them Iranian in uence, like glazed style and were
lovers of art.
6. Present day- It is used as means of livilihood by
poors. They are still important can be understood
by the fact that some areas are marked as
geographical indicators. Even today people use it
as decorative item in their homes and sometimes
as a gift item.
Baboi
The ancient pottery of a country speaks volume
9/6/2015 8:16 PM
12 of 12
Baboi
The ancient pottery of a country speaks volume
about its civilisation. A large quantities of pottery
excavated from different sites enable us to
understand the gradual evolution of various design
motifs as employed in different shapes and styles.
The real beginning of Indian pottery began with the
Indus valley civilisation which consisted primarily
of Plain pottery more than painted ones. Plain
pottery is generally of red clay while Black painted
ware (BPW) has a ne coating of red slip on which
geometric and animal designs are executed in
glossy black paint.
The Ochre coloured pottery is a culture of
Indo-Gangetic Plain. It is contemporary to and a
successor of the Indus valley civilisation. The OCP
marked the last stage of the North Indian Bronze
Age and was succeeded by the PGW culture.
PGW culture lasted roughly from 1200 BCE -600
BCE. PGW primarily consisted of bowls and dishes
characterised by a style of ne grey pottery painted
with geometric pattern in black.
NBPW: Roughly 6th Century marks the beginning of
the NBPW phase and also the beginning of second
urbanisation in India. NBPW is a glossy, shinning
type of pottery which was made of very ne fabric
and apparently served as the table ware of richer
people.NBPW became abundant during Mauryan
period.
Red Pottery techniques became prominent during
central Asian invasions.
Glazed Pottery: This era of pottery began in the 12th
century AD. This type of pottery contains a white
background and has blue and green patterns.
Today, pottery thrives as an art form in India with
diverse styles re ecting the local culture of each
and every place.
9/6/2015 8:16 PM
1 of 8

(TLP) Synopsis Day
2
September 2, 2015
Written by IASbaba
7 Comments
Archives
Day 2 The Constitution, Comparison and Features

GS 2
Q.1) Critically examine the extent to which the

Directive Principles of State Policy have been
implemented in India. Examine their relevance in
the era of liberalization and globalisation.
This is a straight-forward question, so the selection of
the Top Answer would be strict, as almost everyone
will write a similar answer.
For this, mentioning of the relevant Constitutional
articles is mandatory, where the DPSP are mentioned.
Even mention of Ireland is helpful. Then one
paragraph dealing with the legislation which have
implemented the DPSPs and another paragraph which
talks about the negative aspects is a must.
Then a last paragraph showing the impact of LPG and
DPSPs relevance would be more than enough.
The Top Answer for this question is written by
Pushkal
9/6/2015 8:11 PM
2 of 8

Pushkal
Ans) Directive Principles of State Policies (DPSPs)
enumerated in our Constitution(Art.36-51) are based
on Ireland model. DPSPs serve to provide citizens their
social and economic rights and to make India into a
welfare state.
Successive govts. have been successful in granting a
legal framework to a majority of DPSPs . Few of these
are listed below:
1) Providing free legal aid through National Free Legal
Service Act.
2) Right to work through MGNREGA.
3) Organisation of village panchayat through 73rd
Amendment Act 1992.
4) Protection of Environment through Environment
Act 1986.
5) Providing free and compulsory education to children
through RTE via 86th Amend. Act.
But as far as implementation of these legislation is
concerned,
govts.
have
remained
unsuccessful.
Implementation of these requires political will that

comes
under
the
Governance.
There
is
no
accountability of the implementing agencies, there is a

lack of infrastructure, resources required, lack of
financial decentralization , etc.
Art. 39 provide for equal distribution of resources
among the people to ensure social and economic
equality. But after the LPG reforms of 1991, rather
than providing more opportunities to the people in
open market, reforms have resulted in more inequality.
The Indian market favored the foreign goods and
compromised indigenous industries.
So, observing the results of LPG reforms, there is a
need
today
that
govts.
should
strive
towards
implementing the objectives of the DPSPs rather than

merely enacting the legislation on them.
9/6/2015 8:11 PM
3 of 8
implementing the objectives of the DPSPs rather than

merely enacting the legislation on them.
Q.2) Fundamental duties are only ethical or moral

duties and should not form a part of the
Fundamental law. Critically comment.
Always remember that for such Polity questions, a
mention of the relevant Constitutional Articles is a
must. And for this particular question which has
critically comment has its directive, there are two
aspects on top of just pros and cons
a) The need for making F.Ds a part of the fundamental
law Pros and Cons.
b) Some of the F.Ds are already a part of various
legislations while some are not.
So, covering thes two dimensions would be more than

enough.
Meera Kelkar
Ans) Fundamental duties were added to the Part IV A
of the constitution under Article 51A by the 42nd
amendment 1976, on the recommendations of Swaran
Singh Committee.
Over the years, many important laws have been
enacted out of them which plays a major role in the
present scenario. Some of them are the Prevention of
Insult to National Honour act, National Flag code,
Protection of civil rights act, Wildlife protection act,
forest conservation act, other criminal laws dealing
with punishment for encouraging enmity etc.
Some of the fundamental duties from which these
legislations are formed play a major role in the
development of the nation.If they were to remain mere
moral duties, then the nation would have seen chaos
and
destruction
of
biodiversity
by
now.
The
Fundamental duties therefore act as an implicit
9/6/2015 8:11 PM
4 of 8
and
destruction
of
biodiversity
by
now.
The
Fundamental duties therefore act as an implicit

warning / obligation on the people and thereby helps in
maintaining harmony and integrity between them.
But, all the Fundamental duties cannot become a part
of Fundamental law since that would lead to too much
ambiguity and wastage of national income by long
court hearings. Some of these are developing scientific
temper, cherishing the noble ideas that inspired
freedom struggle, Collective activity etc. An act on
these duties would be too vague and confusing.
The existing laws should be amended at regular
intervals and more stringent laws should be framed to
safeguard Public Property and abjure violence.
Q.3)
Enumerate
the
political
philosophies
enshrined in the Indian Constitution. How far are

they mutually reconcilable?
The crux of the question is mutually reconcilable, as
one can enumerate whatever political philosophy one
wants, but one should give more importance in
ensuring that the philosophies which are mentioned are
mutually reconcilable.
Sepoy No. 1446
Ans) The Indian constitution is an expression of a wide
range of political philosophy enshrined in one big
document.
Six Major political philosophies can be traced into
Indian
constitution
Republicanism,
Socialism,
Federalism,
Liberalism,
Feminism
and
Environmentalism.
Socialism looks for socio-economic equality which
comes
under
conflict
with
liberalism
sometimes,especially after introduction of economic

liberalization. In pursuance of liberalism government is
amending certain laws to provide more autonomy to
facilitate individual freedom and openness. Federalism
9/6/2015 8:11 PM
5 of 8
liberalization. In pursuance of liberalism government is

amending certain laws to provide more autonomy to
facilitate individual freedom and openness. Federalism
also comes into this conflict war. There are mechanism
like NITI Ayog and National development council to
iron out differences. But this continues to be a
challenge,especially for liberalism.
Republicanism strengthens democratism which in turn
strengthens socialism and feminism. The last one is
getting more emphasis these days due to increasing
women participation, gender budgeting and gender
parity
in
occupational
achievement.
Political
mobility
gender
and
education
parity
remains
elusive,partly to be blamed for patriarchal structure of

Indian society. The last one, Environmentalism, has
also grown in stature and size,especially under aegis of
UNFCCC and Indias national action plan of climate
change. Environmentalism strengthens feminism but
sometimes creates problem in federal relations.
Thus there are occasional incompatibility in some of
the philosophies but as a living document constitution
continues to foster these philosophies with varying
success.
Q.4) The present Indian Constitution is an

amalgamation of various British provisions and
Acts introduced in the previous two centuries.
Narrate the evolution of the various British
legislations right from 1773 until 1947 and critically
comment on their influence on the present
Constitution.
Commenting on the philosophy of each British
legislation and how it contributed to the Constitution is
what is demanded in this question. One-Two line
explanation for each legislation from 1773 till 1947 is
more than enough.
The Top Answer is written by Samudra Gupta
Ans) The evolution of British legislation from 1773 to
1947 are as follows:
9/6/2015 8:11 PM
6 of 8
Ans) The evolution of British legislation from 1773 to

1947 are as follows:
Until 1858 the acts were mainly intended to shift the
control of power the company to the british govt
though
they
did
make
attempts
to
facilitate
administration in the country.

-Pitts Act 1784 created a board of control to check the
activities of the company,
-Charter Act 1813 removed monopoly of the company
in trade with the East,
-Charter Act 1833 created a centralised administrative
structure in the country
Post 1858 ,the legislations mainly aimed at improving
the administration in the country and they finally
culminated in responsible government.
-Councils Act 1861 created a wing for legislation while
that of 1891 expanded it.
-Act 1909 created separate electorates
-Act 1919 created bicameralism, dyarchy at provincial
levels etc
-Act 1935 had provisions of federalism, separate
electorates, provincial autonomy etc
Indian connstitution in its present form draws heavily
from the act 1935 in terms of divison of powers
between center and states, bicameralism at the centre,
more powers to Governor etc. At the same time we
incoroporated provisons to suit the needs of an
independent india such as Universal adult franchise,
Removal of untouchability etc
Though an amalgamation of previous acts,our present
constitution incorporates only those provisons which
match the ideals of freedom struggle.
Q.5) How are the Fundamental Rights different

from other legal and constitutional rights? What
makes them so special?
9/6/2015 8:11 PM
7 of 8
from other legal and constitutional rights? What

makes them so special?
Though a very simple question in literal sense but
deceptive for most of you. Could have been handled
easily but it was not the case. Except one or two, no
one did justice to this. Here, rather than mentioning the
features of FR, you have to compare and contrast it
with legal and constitutional rights. It should include
examples in case. Like, if you are talking about
enforceability then do mention the rights for FR as well
as Legal & constitutional. For the first part of the
answer, you shouldnt take more than 100 words.
Next part is where only special features need to be
mentioned. Not everything!
The Top Answer is written by Nishant
Ans) Fundamental Rights are those which are
important for the well-being of an individual. They are
guaranteed and protected by the Constitution. They are
fundamental for two reasons:
a) They are mentioned in the Constitution itself.
b) They cannot be taken away by ordinary legislation
except in rare circumstances.
On the other hand Legal and Constitutional Rights are
granted and not preexisting such as the right to vote.
An individual cannot move the Supreme Court for their
violation or curtailment through appropriate legislation.
Certain features which make Fundamental Rights
special and different from other rights are:
They are absolutely essential for an individuals all
round development. It makes them most vulnerable
towards a tyrannical government and hence needs
highest protection
They facilitate establishment of Rule of Law by
respecting individual freedom and liberty. For eg.
Article 21 encompasses all necessary conditions
required for a meaningful life.
9/6/2015 8:11 PM
8 of 8
Article 21 encompasses all necessary conditions

required for a meaningful life.
Act as a natural check on the absolute authority of
the government and abuse of power, like implementing
populist measures to further self-interest. Thus they lay
foundation for social justice and equality
Provide heft to the Directive Principles to be
followed by the government
Hence, where legal and constitutional rights are merely
privileges extended by the state, Fundamental Rights
go much beyond their stated meanings.
9/6/2015 8:11 PM
1 of 9
http://iasbaba.com/2015/09/think-learn-perform-tlp-synopsis-day-2-2/

(TLP) Synopsis Day
3
September 3, 2015
Written by IASbaba
3 Comments
Archives
Day 3 Indian Economy GS 3

Q.1) What is Special 301 report? Why is India kept
in the Priority Watch List, in this report? Discuss
the various IPR issues and their role in promoting
foreign investment in India.
Background: IPR issue is one of the most trending
segments
of
World
news
in
contemporary
times especially between India and USA. Apart from

Pharma issues, there are other areas to look upon
Theme of the Question:
First two parts are very easy and direct. You shouldnt
waste more than 80 words there. Second part is the
most important one. When we talk about IPR issues,
here in Indian context, most of you have written only
about ongoing issues.
This is a simple question to answer, as the structure of
the answer can be found in the question itself. Just
answering one paragraph on each sub-question will
bring out a very logical, coherent structure to the
answer.
9/6/2015 8:13 PM
2 of 9
bring out a very logical, coherent structure to the

answer.
Start off with what the Special 301 report is and who
makes it. And then explain what the Priority Watch
List is all about, after which explaining why India is a
part of it.
Then the report gives a list of IPR issues regarding
India. Discussing about those issues and then
commenting if that would be a problem for the foreign
investment should suffice for this question.
For India, there is no National IPR Policy or Law for
addressing IPR other than Patent Law. And hence
many other domains falling under TRIPS gets
unaddressed due to lack of clarity on technical issues.
One line conclusion regarding a robust national law to
deal with IPR issues would be very good.
Somesh
Ans) Special Report 301 is prepared annually by the
Office of US Trade Representative reviewing IPR laws
in various economies. India is in the Priority List
because US observes that Indian Patent Law is
inadequate, hindering entry of US companies relying
on innovation.
Various IPR issues highlighted by the Report:
Inadequate
legislative
and
administrative
framework to protect IP
Trade
secrets
unprotected
in
case
of
non-contractual violations
Audio-Visual content piracy over wireless, cable,
media devices and CDs
Biomedical and Chemical industry affected because:
Section 3(d) of Patent Law says, mere innovation
of new drugs not patent-worthy unless there is
significant
enhancement
of
efficacy
(Glivec/Novartis)
Compulsory Licensing criteria are not objective
and predictable
9/6/2015 8:13 PM
3 of 9
Compulsory Licensing criteria are not objective

and predictable
Rampant trademark violations and counterfeiting
Foreign investment in areas of green technology,
defence technology, R&D and pharmaceuticals will
certainly be encouraged if the IPR laws protect
commercialization of innovation, since they involve
massive investment in R&D. As pointed out in the
report, there is scope for improving IPR laws to make
them predictable, objective, non-discriminatory and for
better administrative framework for enforcement.
However, Indias stance against evergreening of
patents and compulsory licensing of certain drugs
comply with TRIPS and reflects our commitment to
public interest which cannot be compromised. There is
a need to balance public welfare with protection of
IPR which can protect commercial interests without
curtailing developing worlds access to life-saving
drugs.
Q.2) Why is the Poverty Line methodology so

controversial in India? Is the criticism justified?
Narrate the evolution of various methodolgies and
critically comment on each of them.
Background: An all time favorite topic of UPSC.
Prepare it specifically for Rangarajan Committe report
or Tendulkar Povery Line or overall Poverty
Estimation and related criticism and way ahead related
to it. Every now and then, you will encounter news
paper articles citing poverty numbers, socio-economic
datas etc. Prepare some facts from Standard reports,
Eco-Survey etc and be ready with some ready made
pointers. Any question on Poverty will not be out of
your reach once you prepare it holistically.
Theme of the Question: In the first part, two aspects
are to be dealt.
First, Why PL Methodology is controversial? Write
about Methodology of present time and explain the
9/6/2015 8:13 PM
4 of 9
First, Why PL Methodology is controversial? Write

about Methodology of present time and explain the
negatives of it. If you cite 4 negatives then you have to
use them for addressing the next part of the question
which is Is the criticism justified?
Now most of you have right away said, yes it is
justified, rather some of you have written, Completely
Justified
Buddy, never do it. Even if question
asked for Critical Comment, you need to present both

sides and be optimistic. Our Socio- Economic Framers
are not stupid to run the system. There are flaws but
the flaws are not the limitations of formulation or
methodology only. There are many other reasons that
should become your postives saying, criticsims are
valid but not justified al together.
When you follow exactly the format of the question
asked, you dont need to break your heads for good
structuring and all. It will come automatically.
Ashwini
Ans) Poverty estimation in India has been a sensitive
issue. It is used as a benchmark for identifying
beneficiaries for various schemes of government.
Controversy over the estimation of poverty line:
Does not take into account various vulnerable
groups such as women and senior citizen and low
castes.
Does not address the concerns of population
marginally above the poverty line.
Seemed to have come under political influence.
Not revised at regular intervals to take care of
changing trends in consumption basket.
Very low compared to international standard of
$1.25 per day at PPP.
Does not cover the indicators to reflect standard of
living.
Eg: As per UNDPs Multi Dimensional Poverty Index,
approximately 52% of the Indians would be poor.
9/6/2015 8:13 PM
5 of 9
Eg: As per UNDPs Multi Dimensional Poverty Index,

approximately 52% of the Indians would be poor.
Is the controversy justified? Not entirely
Estimation is for a family of 5 on a monthly basis.
It works on the principle of economies of scale.
Subsidies are not taken into account.
Under reporting of consumption expenditure.
Evolution of various methodologies:
DadabhaiNaoroji was a pioneer figure in nutrition
based poverty line.
Dandekar and Rath Committee 1971: First
calorie based poverty line. Uniform for rural and
urban areas.
Alagh Committee 1979 : calorie based. Separate
for rural and urban areas.
Lakdawala Committee 1993 : poverty es ma on
at na onal level and at statelevel. But s ll had an
outdated consump on basket.
Tendulkar committee- 2009 : uniform poverty line.
Reduced the weightage given to calories. Updated
the consumption basket. Which increased the
number of poor falling below poverty line.
Rangarajan Committee 2012: yet to accept its
recommendations. Improved consumption basket.
Considers non calorie components such as rent,
education etc.
Q.3) Discuss the major weaknesses in agricultural

price policy of India. Suggest suitable remedial
measures.
This is a direct question. Two parts. But then again, if
you point of 5 weaknesses then remedial measures
should address them for sure. You shouldnt mention A
as weakness and the then give remedy for Z which was
not at all your point of discussion. Take care of these
small writing tricks.
The Top Answer for this question is written by BS
Ans) Indias agricultural pricing policy have two-fold
9/6/2015 8:13 PM
6 of 9

Ans) Indias agricultural pricing policy have two-fold
objective: supporting farmers through MSP and
ensuring affordable price for consumers by providing
food grains through PDS.
Major weaknesses and their consequence:
MSP:
High MSP: distort market as well cropping pattern.
It does not take into consideration the fact that
cultivation cost vary from region to region: For
example they are higher in Punjab, Haryana due to
high wage, land value & end up creating
dissatisfaction among farmers.
PDS:
High
procurement
of
grains
leading
to
accumulation in store house and subject to rotting,

attack from rodents.
Fuels inflation.
High storage is a problem for India Under WTO
AoA.
Price subsidies can distort markets in ways that
ultimately hurt the poor as pointed out by
Economic survey.
Remedial measures:
Support vs procurement price: Swaminathan
committee
suggested
differentiating
between
Support & procurement price. MSP should be a

tool to only avert distress sales, while government
procurement should be at market-determined
prices.
Shanta Kumar committee recommendations to
reform FCI should be implemented
Moving
from
agro-subsidy
regime
to
agro-investment.
Reforms in agricultural policy that is making it more
market oriented based on supply-demand logic will not
only avert market distortion but also provide us with
9/6/2015 8:13 PM
7 of 9
market oriented based on supply-demand logic will not

only avert market distortion but also provide us with
more capital to reinvest in ensuring food security, high
yield and framer prosperity.
Q.4) Discuss the reasons as to why outsourcing has

become an economically beneficial mechanism for
both rich and poor countries?
Outsourcing is a very common phenomenon
which you see almost everywhere these days.
Inter-country outsourcing is what made Indias
economy have a boom in the 90s, so this is an
important concept to understand.
In this question, it has not asked whether the
countries have been bene tted, but has instead
asked the reasons why it has been bene cial to
both the countries. The question already assumes
that outsourcing is bene cial, so no need to delve
on the pros and cons of outsourcing. Some of you
have done that.
Santhosh Venkatesh
Ans) Outsourcing refers to entrusting or contracting
certain processes of business functions to another
party. Outsourcing to foreign countries is a byproduct
of Globalisation and has created immense benefits for
both rich and poor countries.
Benefits for Rich countries
i) Poor and developing countries have cheap labour
outsourcing which help in cutting production and
overhead costs for rich countries.
ii)
With
certain
non
core
business
processes
outsourced, companies can concentrate on their core

functions thereby increasing efficiency
iii) With outsourcing more work gets completed in a
day due to timezone differences giving rise to round
the clock businesses
9/6/2015 8:13 PM
8 of 9
the clock businesses

Benefits for poor countries
i)With Good working age population , countries benefit
in getting employment opportunities .
ii) Since the advent of outsourcing, In relatively poor
countries GDP and Personal disposable income have
risen. This has boosted domestic demand and provided
impetus to growth.
iii) There is a possibility of creating a knowledge based
economy as a result of IT process outsourcing.
iv) Increase in Foreign investments ,thereby reducing
deficit in Balance of payment.
v)The benefits of outsourcing for one sector create
spillover benefits for other sectors and industries
With competition from SE Asian economies and other
South American and African countries, India needs
skilled labour and a conducive environment for
Investment to have a competitive edge over other
countries.
Q.5) Critically evaluate the utility of the JAM

initiative in facilitating financial inclusion.
Direct Question- Evaluation is the key here. What is
Evaluation?
It means to estimate or determine the nature, value,
quality, ability, extent, or significance of anything.
Now here the crux is JAM Trinity and that too
critically Break the theme of evaluation into Nature,
Value, Quality, Ability, Extent and significance
associated with JAM trinity. When you talk about
JAMs Value (positive), at the same time talk about its
negative value. This is critical evaluation. Same for
others like ability, extent and significance and there is
your answer
9/6/2015 8:13 PM
9 of 9

Nishant
Ans) Financial Inclusion is the delivery of financial
services at affordable cost to disadvantaged and low
income segments of the society. The JAM trinity as
announced in Budget 2015 can play the perfect role in
Indias quest for financial inclusion.
With telecom operators obtaining payment bank
licensing, people can keep deposits and carry out
e-transactions via their mobile phones. This removes
the necessity of having bank branches in remote areas,
a traditional caveat in this regard.
Aadhar Card facilitates seamless and near foolproof
identification of beneficiaries. People can now receive
subsidy cash transfers, MGNREGA salaries directly
into their accounts. The success of PAHAL scheme of
LPG cylinder subsidy is a positive sign.
The Jan Dhan program has empowered over 12 crore
people with bank accounts and more are being added.
This combined with the potential of 1.5 lac post offices
acting as bank correspondents completes the JAM
trinity.
The JAM trinity is not without legitimate concerns.
Lack of financial literacy, non-use and duplicity of
accounts remain a possible impediment. There are
fears of JAM becoming a potential target of money
laundering activities. Also, the legal issues regarding
Aadhar Card need to be sorted out. Bottomline is if
JAM works at it should, India would have achieved
more than just financial inclusion. Removal of subsidy
leakages is one such added benefit.
9/6/2015 8:13 PM
Think Learn & Perform (TLP): Synopsis Ethics [Day 4] | IASbaba
1 of 9
http://iasbaba.com/2015/09/think-learn-perform-tlp-synopsis-ethics-day-4/
Think Learn & Perform

(TLP): Synopsis Ethics
[Day 4]
September 4, 2015
Written by IASbaba
17 Comments
Think Learn & Perform (TLP):

Synopsis Ethics [Day 4]
ARCHIVES
In writing answers of Paper IV, there is a lot of

confusion.
Should one incorporate moral thinkers and their
theories and thoughts or should one be focusing
on rationality and logic? When one listens to
toppers, confusion gets perpetuated further as
they say different things. So what is the right
approach? The answer is no one knows what
UPSC has in mind while evaluating the answers.
But one thing can be said with certainty- if you are
able to impress the examiner by your answers no
matter what approach you are following; good
marks are there for the taking. So stop asking the
question whether one should use philosophical
jargon or be simple and logical. It is like asking
what dress one should wear. No one but you
know your taste and strengths. A T-shirt might
suit you or a Kurta may work wonders to your
personality. So you get the idea- irrespective of
your way of dressing if you are able to carry
yourself well, you get appreciation from your
friends and relatives. Similarly it doesnt really
matter whether you write in points or in
paragraphs, follow thinkers or day to day logic. If
9/6/2015 8:15 PM
2 of 9
matter whether you write in points or in

paragraphs, follow thinkers or day to day logic. If
your answer speaks for itself, your job is done. So
relax and identify your strengths. Dont imitate the
toppers or your friends. Write regularly and build
upon your own USP.
It is not possible to provide a single answer to
these questions. The TLP platform provides you
the golden opportunity to have access to
hundreds of answers. Build on the collective
strength of this fraternity and learn from each
other.
Corruption in India is systemic and deep

rooted. People often take recourse to the fact
that it is impossible to ensure ethical public
conduct in a milieu that is replete with people
of low ethics. Many young recruits in the
government departments are counseled by
their colleagues about how common and
normal it is to earn some extra money and
favour by manipulating the public. If these
young of cers dont get assimilated in the
milieu, they are discarded by their own
colleagues or even targeted by their bosses. In
such a situation, what path would you take to
act ethically? How would you tackle the
challenges imposed by your own colleagues
and seniors?
Directives: Such questions are meant to test your

attitude as well as temperament. The question is
asking for the most amicable and viable
alternative to be followed in given scenarios. It is
dif cult to resist the temptation of writing
something that will give an impression as if you
alone would change the system. Options like
complaining to the higher authorities, taking
action against the subordinates, moral preaching
to your colleagues etc sound ideal but arent
9/6/2015 8:15 PM
3 of 9
action against the subordinates, moral preaching

to your colleagues etc sound ideal but arent
realistic. You can mention some ideal approach
but only when some of your strong stands are
practical enough. One never expects an
over-enthusiastic idealistic approach from to be
an IAS of cer neither it is possible. You will
kicked out if you are not strong enough to react to
such situations instantly
Moreover, almost
everyone would follow the same approach. Your
approach has to be innovative.
Think something out of the box but be within your
limits. One should start by thinking that why
being ethical or not corrupt is good for individual
as well as society? This itself will create some
practical solutions to your answers. You must
show certain amount of optimism in your
answers. For example, you may start by
reiterating the fact that even though the majority
of your colleagues are corrupt, there would be
few honest of cers also. You can try to build a
social capital of such like minded people to
create public awareness. A modest start like this
would go a long way in setting a precedent in an
otherwise corrupt milieu.
Similarly, you must display your administrative

and scienti c acumen. It is a fact that what is
there in your mandate, no one can interfere in.
You can use your powers to set things right in
your jurisdiction. Even if you face opposition from
within your department no one can go against
you if you are following the rules. Any pressure
from your superiors can be thwarted with due
courtesy. In such situations what comes handy, is
your communication skills. Use your pen
frequently for communicating with the seniors
and keep a track of them. You can always insist
upon written orders. If such an approach is
followed initially, without exception that would
send a strong signal about your uprightness and
9/6/2015 8:15 PM
4 of 9
followed initially, without exception that would

send a strong signal about your uprightness and
integrity.
You can also take help of ICT for speci c
exchange of critical information against national
interest.
There are shining examples of honest and upright
of cers in India who have worked wonders in
similar situations. The best lesson they teach you
is that if you embrace all that comes in your way
be it transfers or punishment postings, you wont
feel depressed and demotivated. We can take
inspiration from them. Dont name these of cers
in your answers though.
Hardly anyone of you mentioned family support
and friends. They are your assets. You go to them
with all your pains and sufferings and they heal
you with all their support and blessings. But in
your answers, they didnt nd any place. Rather
most of you mentioned Nagpal & Khemka! Are
you following ethics?
TOP Answer by Indushree
Ans) The true test of honesty occurs only when a
person is surrounded by the corrupt. Even an
honest person may lose the ability to differentiate
between the right and wrong and become a part
of the system. Hence retaining an ethical
behaviour is crucial.
There could be two approaches :
Radical
Keeping oneself away from corrupt, rejecting all
unethical practices outrightly, staying true to
beliefs, excel in the eld.
Although it is an ideally expected situation, it
could lead to victimisation.
Direct confrontation may lead to targeted
violence, fake complaints and in extreme cases
suspension too. This deprives the opportunity to
be able to continue honest work.
9/6/2015 8:15 PM
5 of 9
suspension too. This deprives the opportunity to

be able to continue honest work.
Rational
Accepting the situation at hand, do not rebel
against the practice altogether but make a
judicious choice of options available. It is an act
of diplomacy to maintain good relationships with
colleagues and seniors, yet retaining ones
individuality by
Requesting for written orders from seniors
Creating awareness about citizens charters
Encouraging citizens participation through
social audit and RTIs
Complaining to super seniors in case of
extreme oddities
Just as a swan when offered a mixture of milk
and water, doesnt reject the mixture altogether
but judiciously separates milk from water(hamsaksheera nyaya) a young recruit has to make right
moves to avoid con icts while retaining the
opportunity to work for the society.
Why do you think there is an asymmetry of

perception and attitude with regards to almost
everything in the society? Why some people
appreciate art while others vandalize art
exhibitions? Why the young generation seeks
independence but the older generation wants
restraints in behaviour and conduct? Give a
reasoned response.
Directives: This question intends to test your

understanding about the society. A certain level
of intellectual faculty is expected in you. The
central argument that you have to build upon is
the fact that not all the sections of society
undergo similar levels of transformation. While
the values are changing, their pace may be faster
in some places and at the same time too slow in
9/6/2015 8:15 PM
6 of 9
the values are changing, their pace may be faster

in some places and at the same time too slow in
others. It is this differential secularization of
thoughts, values and public mores that create
ssures and tension in the society. You can
conclude by saying that we are living in a tricky
transition period of history when everything is
undergoing a transformation. Additionally, one
needs to understand that every change has
certain level of mutual existence. The asymmetry
of perception and attitude is subjective and open
to various interpretations. Most importantly, one
has to take lessons from differentiated opinions
and individuals without discarding them
altogether. Mutual respect even if the thoughts
are poles apart will be best for the larger good of
society.
Top Answer by Subhas Tadala
Ans) Asymmetry exists in the human existence
itself. Perception and attitude both seem to be
similar words, but a small line of difference still
exists.
Perception is a direct input, it may or may not be
same for everybody. For example:If we see a
sculpture, one may like the way the shape was
made. Other may like the mechanical structure i.e
where the centre of gravity is, or how it balanced
perfectly.Hence it is the input what we take as
perception
Attitude usually says appears as output in
behavior. Our mind takes the perceived input,
weigh along the predetermined choices, then
gives out a behavior that may be different for
different persons. In the above example, if I am
expert in sculptures, I may say that the structure
needs still perfect balancing, but to a lay men it
was perfectly balanced. With the same
perception, one is criticising and the other is
praising.
Now some appreciate/ vandalize art because the
9/6/2015 8:15 PM
7 of 9
praising.
Now some appreciate/ vandalize art because the
perceived information about the same thing may
be different and if it is same, their past
experience/knowledge varies their behavior
towards the input. The case with the old/ young
generation also determined by their beliefs and
experience. Old people may consider absolute
freedom as against qualitative development, but
the young may feel freedom is pre-requisite for
development.
Case study: As chairman of the Genetic

Engineering Appraisal Committee, you are
faced with an ethical dilemma. The western
most part of the country is facing a severe
drought and people are dying of hunger. Since
such conditions are prevailing for the past 3
years, supplies from other parts of the country
are inadequate for the dying population. You
are reviewing the possibility of giving approval
to a genetically modi ed variety of wheat
which can sustain severe drought conditions.
The modi ed variety has shorter growing
period and can prevent the appalling
conditions from getting worse. However, the
health and environmental impacts of the
variety are unknown. There is pressure on you
to grant approval for full time farm production
to the modi ed variety without examining its
possible health and environmental effects. If
you grant approval, there might be severe
health
and
environmental
implications.
However, if you delay the approval any further,
the death toll would rise substantially in the
coming few months. What options do you
have? Which of these options would be most
suitable? Substantiate by giving their merits
and demerits.
9/6/2015 8:15 PM
8 of 9
Directives: For case studies, we have in store

something special for you. We will provide a
detailed write up on dealing with case studies.
We are not providing any directives for this case
therefore.
For your reference , TOP answer by Ashish

Mishra
(He gave merits and demerits of each option)
Option 1: To allow the introduction of modi ed

variety of wheat
Merit :
1. This will solve the immediate crisis of death
due to starvation.
2. This would maintain law and order situation.
Demerit :
1. Might endanger health and environment in
future.
Option 2 : Ban the introduction of wheat till
approval.
Merit :
1.This approach justify the following of rules and
regulation.
2. Long term health and environmental effect
would be saved.
Demerit :
1. Imminent food crisis may lead to loss of life of
poor people.
2. Law and order situation may deteorate.
3. Loss of faith in administrative machinery.
Option 3: Restrict the introduction of wheat,
expediting study of health and environmental
9/6/2015 8:15 PM
9 of 9
Option 3: Restrict the introduction of wheat,

expediting study of health and environmental
impact and exploring other approved improved
variety, alternative way of food grain supply
Merit :
1. Immediate relief to people through alternative
means.
2. Long term implication on health and
environment could be prevented.
3. Law and order situation would be maintained.
4. Process as per rules and regulation.
Demerit :
1. Delay in alternative arrangement of supply may
lead to loss of some life or deteoriate law and
order situation.
2. Hasty research on health and environment may
lead to subverting of rules
9/6/2015 8:15 PM
Think, Learn & Perform (TLP): Synopsis [Day 5] | IASbaba
1 of 8

(TLP): Synopsis [Day
5]
September 5, 2015
Written by IASbaba
10 Comments
Day 5 Ancient and Medieval

History GS 1
ARCHIVES
Q.1) Critically analyze the contributions of

Buddha to the religion and philosophy of India.
What were his main principles and how did he
manage to have such a large following?
One should read the questions very carefully. This
question speci cally asks for the contribution of
Buddha to the religion and philosophy, and not
Buddhism. Also, it asks for a critical analysis. So,
the rst 100 words should take care of pros and
cons of his contributions.
Then, his philosophy should not take more than
50 words. The basic tenets like 8 fold-path,
compassion etc. Here in second part one should
not try to present all the principles. Question asks
for Main Principles. So do focus on such key
words and frame your answers accordingly.
Moving on, the last part of the question should
deal with the psychological aspects of crowdpulling. One should explain why exactly did he
have such a large following throughout the world.
If one answers each sub-question systematically,
9/6/2015 8:15 PM
2 of 8
have such a large following throughout the world.

If one answers each sub-question systematically,
the structure would also be brilliant.
Todays Top Answer is by Pooja
Ans) Buddha emerged as a spiritual leader during
6th century BCE and was the contemporary of
Mahavira. He had profound in uence in the
religion and philosophy on India :
Religion :
1. Buddha gave rise to a new religion Buddhism
2. Rejected the dominance of Brahmans and
opened the gates of his religion to all people.
3. Preached Nirvana that is freedom from the
cycle of births and death.
4. Attacked idolatry.
5. Later, due to internal problems the buddhist
sect in India broke and this was lled in by the
Bhakti movement.
Philosophy :
1. He gave the doctrine of Ahimsa. Which was
followed by great leader like Mahatma Gandhi to
achieve independence.
2. Promoted the middle path.
3. He taught tolerance, compassion and equality.
Buddhism as a religion rose alongwith Jainism ,
however, Buddhism is more widespread in other
Asian countries other than India because the
Hinduism was already prevalent in India and
because other regions did not have a well formed
religion.
He managed to have such a large following
mostly in Eastern Asia :
1. It had patrons like the Ashoka and Kanishka
who promoted Buddhism both in India and
surrounding regions.
2. The simplistic nature of the religion appealed
to the masses.
3. Use of language like Pali and Prakrit
popularised it.
9/6/2015 8:15 PM
3 of 8
3. Use of language like Pali and Prakrit

popularised it.
4. The kstariyas and the vaishayas were averse to
the dominance of the brahmanas ,hence,
supported Buddhism with huge patronage.
5. Gave a better social standing to the Shudras.
Q.2) How does Abul Fazl describe the socioeconomic and religious life of Medieval India?
Are there any inconsistencies in his analysis?
This question is a disguise for What are the
contributions of Akbar or How was the life during
Akbars time. So watch out for such tricky
questions in UPSC. Most of you have written
good answers point-wise, so we have
concentrated on the structure and the way you
have written for giving marks.
A very simple question to answer, once you know
who Abul Fazl is and what his contributions were.
Todays Top Answer is by Somesh
Ans) Abul Fazals Ain-e-Akbari has a vivid account
of the socio-economic and religious life in
medieval India. Salient points are discussed
below
Socio-Economic life:
1. Caste system was prevalent and 16 different
sub-castes arose from intermarriages
2. Choice of occupation was still limited by caste
credentials
3. Land was the major source of revenue. Raja
Todarmals lad measurement and assessment
improved tax collection
4. Literature,music, art and architecture
commanded royal patronage
Religion
1. Religious discrimination was ended by Akbar
as Jaziya and Pilgrim Tax were abolished.
2. There was greater religious freedom. Akbars
Din-e-Ilahi tried bringing people of different faith
9/6/2015 8:15 PM
4 of 8
2. There was greater religious freedom. Akbars

Din-e-Ilahi tried bringing people of different faith
together.
3. Abul Fazals attempt at nding common ground
between Hindu practices and Islamic beliefs
betrays the existing differences.
4. Hindus were tried under Hindu laws.
Abul Fazl enjoyed royal patronage of Akbar so
one can imagine he was under obligation to
eulogize about the emperor. In such an attempt,
he bestowed occult powers upon Akbar. Eg. he
said Akbar could control rain at will. On the other
hand Fazal emphasizes on the need of rationality.
This was a major inconsistency.
Despite its shortcomings, Abul Fazls profound
scholarship gives a great insight into the history
of medieval India.
Q.3) Give an account of the impact of Islam on

the Indian Culture in respect of society, religion
and ne arts.
Another simple question to write. Any straightforward answer would get good marks. Just
ensure that you are not writing anything
controversial or political.
The Top Answer for this question is by Nishant
Ans) Islam had a great impact on all major
aspects of Indian Culture. It can be understood
under the following sub-headings:
Social Life
Brought visible changes to ceremonies, dresses,
mannerism etc. For eg. Purdah System became
widespread among upper caste women,
marriages became extravagant. New interests
like perfumes and scents were introduced. New
fabrics from Persia were picked up by Hindu
rulers and elites. Urdu as a common language
became popular
9/6/2015 8:15 PM
5 of 8
became popular
Religion
Islam and Su sm introduced elements of love,
brotherhood and equality. These assimilated into
the Bhakti Movement later popularized by Kabir,
Guru Nanak etc. Sikhism can be considered a
direct offshoot of Islam. Though against Hindu
caste system, Islam couldnt break it down
completely.
Fine Art
A new culture that gave lavish patronage to
artisans. Musicians like Tansen became
courtmen and new styles such Ghazal and Tarana
were introduced giving Hindustani music a
different avor. Glazed pottery made Indian
potters world renowned. Miniature paintings
synonymous with Mughal period later spread to
different regions.
Architecture
Added a distinct Persian touch through new
features like Arch and Dome style, Jali Work for
lighting inside halls, Chaar Bagh construction
style later picked up by the British. Polished stone
like marble or sandstone was used for the rst
time. Intricate geometrical design replaced
human gures.
An in uence to begin with, Islam soon
assimilated completely into the India culture and
co-exists till date.
Q.4) Harsha governed his empire on the same

lines as the Guptas did, except that his
administration had become more feudal and
decentralized. Narrate the spectacular rise and
imminent fall of the rule of Harsha.
Many of you have asked whether the quote is
anyway related to the question asked. Well, the
answer should have the following structure.
The rst 100 words should introduce Harsha and
9/6/2015 8:15 PM
6 of 8
answer should have the following structure.

The rst 100 words should introduce Harsha and
talk about his phenomenal rise and how he went
on to become one of the greatest rulers in
Medieval India. Then, use the quote given and
comment on the administration falls. From which,
one should start writing an answer on his sudden
fall which was rooted in some administrative
inconsistencies.
If you know your history well, this is an excellent
question to attempt.
Todays Top Answer is written by Somesh
Ans) Harsha is credited for bringing peace and
stability after post-Gupta chaos that gripped
India. His ascension to the thrones at Thanesar
and Kannauj was amidst tragic circumstances
but he turned out to be a great conqueror.
He formed alliance with Varmans of Kamarup and
defeated Shashanka of Gauda (Bengal). In the
following six years he extended the boundaries
from Kashmir to Narmada river and Gujarat to
Assam valley by forming alliances and relations.
The administration of Harsha modelled on the
lines of Gupta ensured that his rule lasted over
four decades. However, to facilitate his conquest
he needed to raise a large army that was not
possible to do centrally. Thus many feudal lords
emerged with their own army battalions. Paid
with land grants, they became even more
powerful. Also, Harsha failed to leave a worthy
successor. These reasons led to the imminent fall
of his dynasty.
In his long reign, Harsha successfully brought
peace and stability in the region. He also
patronized art and culture of the Ancient India
and uplifted the status of Shudras, bringing social
change.
Q.5) Though not very useful from the point of
9/6/2015 8:15 PM
7 of 8
Q.5) Though not very useful from the point of

view of a connected political history of South
India, the Sangam literature portrays the social
and economic conditions of its time with
remarkable vividness. Comment.
Sangam literature was a very important phase in
understanding the contemporary society, but not
in understanding the political scenario. This
brilliant question was asked in 2013 Mains, so we
dont think that it will be repeated in the 2015
Mains. But, do ensure you know the basics of
Sangam and also ensure that you know how to
handle such questions.
The Top Answer is written by Sepoy No 1446
Ans) Sangam literature refers to a body of
classical Tamil literature that developed in
Ancient south India.The works like Tolkappiyam,
Pottupottu, Silappathikaram and Manimekalai are
examples of Sangam literature.
Though the sanagams were held under political
patronage, the literature was never meant to
glorify any one kingdom or ruler. These were free
expression and hence major focus was on
depiction of culture,society,economy and life of
people.But in doing so,it also provided some
references to the polity of the region.One can nd
references of chola,pandya,chera kingdom but no
detailed description was there. The description
was not a chronological and continuous historical
accounts and its utility should be seen only in that
context.
On the other hand, Sangam literature provided a
more detailed description of socio-economic
structure:
-The ve fold division of land mentioned in
Tolkappiyam describes associated occupations
also.For example:On kurinji land(hilly tracks)
people followed honey collection and hunting,on
9/6/2015 8:15 PM
8 of 8
also.For example:On kurinji land(hilly tracks)

people followed honey collection and hunting,on
Marudam (Agricultural land) people followed
agriculture etc
-The four castes mentioned in Tolkaappiyam
describes social strati cation.
-Agriculture was the chief occupation and rice the
principle crop.
-Cotton clothes has been compared as slough of
snake,indicating weaving as an occupation.
-Handicrafts,ship-building was prevalent.
-Trade was practiced with Roman empire.
Thus there is more clarity and vividness in
depiction of socio-economic system of the
region,as compared to depiction of political
system.
9/6/2015 8:15 PM
Think Learn & Perform (TLP): GS Mains Synopsis [Day 6] | IASbaba
1 of 5
iasbaba.com
http://iasbaba.com/2015/09/think-learn-perform-tlp-gs-mains-synopsis-day-6/
Think Learn & Perform (TLP): GS Mains Synopsis [Day 6]

IASbaba
TLP: GS Mains Synopsis [Day 6]
ARCHIVES
Day 6 Federalism and Seperation of Power GS 2
Q.1) Critically examine the impact of coalition-politics on the Indian Political System. Make a case on the
need for cooperative federalism in todays world.
A very common question these days. We wanted to start off this day with a simple yet important question. We hear
cooperative federalism everywhere these days and including with coalition politics is a very interesting phenomenon
to study.
The demand of the question is straight-forward too. The first 100 words would deal with the pros and cons of the
coalition politics and the next 100 words would deal with cooperative federalism.
We have two top answers this time because they both have approached the question in different, unique and
innovative ways.
The Top Answer is written by Sarthak Garg and Indushree
Indushrees answer
Ans) The slow decline of national parties and emergence of regional parties led to the evolution of coalition politics
in India. Its influence on Indian Political System is one of degree than of kind.
Democratic Base :
Providing representation to regional and sectoral groups strengthens democracy. But, post poll alliances do not
necessarily represent peoples will.
Policy formulation :
Prevents extreme measures and checks tyranny through consensus based politics. At the same time leads to policy
paralysis, suppression of individual dissent through whips
International Relations :
Considers the regional stake holders in formulating foreign policy but can adversely affect foreign relations. Ex
West Bengal delaying Teesta pact with Bangladesh.
9/8/2015 9:26 AM
2 of 5
Accountability :
While increasing intra-alliance accountability, it also provides opportunities for corruption defection for want of
share in executive power
Government formation :
Assists formation of government in case of hung assembly and prevents expensive electoral process.But such
governments are threatened by instability.
Representation of regional parties in Central government assists co-operative federalism where strong center
supports strong states and vice versa. 14th Finance commission recommendations, NITI Aayog and Interstate
councils stress the importance of co-operative federalism as it ensures
collective responsibility for solving conflicts.
dispersion of power to provide multiple access points to affected citizens.
effective policy formulation through negotiations and implementation through greater financial devolution.
Sarthalk Gargs answer
Ans) Coalition politics means forging of alliance between 2 or more political parties for the purpose of establishing
and maintaining governments. Coalition politics first arrived in the Political Scene in the form of Janta Parivar in
1977 in wake of emergency, and since then it has been the dominant theme of Indian political system.
Advantages of coalition politics:
1. More representation to smaller and regional parties enhances their voice and sensitize governments about
regional issues. Thus, it strengthens democratic set-up of governance
2. Inclusion of parties with diverse ideologies, helps in checking the tyranny of majority and force government to
tread broadly acceptable path.
Disadvantages of coalition politics:
1. It generally have destabilizing influences on government, and many times coalition members seems to arm twist
government on certain issues.
2. It also hinders fast decision making, as its tough to bring all parties on board in limited time.
3.Creation of multiple power centres, thus eroding authority of the executive.
A co-operative federalism is a set-up in which central and state authorities work together cohesively on policy,
administrative and developmental issues. It is required in todays world because of :
1. With increasing globalization, economies of states are directly interconnected to rest of world. co-operative
federalism would help in monitoring and enabling such relationships.
2. States are responsible for the last mile implementation of government schemes,thus co-operation would ensure
effective and speedier development.
3. With schemes like make in India, states would need to co-operate on stting up of special zones and building up
ecosystems.
4, Boundary and other international issues could be resolved easly by prompt co-operation between centre and
states eg teesta issue with bangladesh, tamil issue with sri lanka.
To become a strategic and economic power , India need to present a homogeneous picture to rest of world and for
that co-operative federalism is indispensable.
Q.2) Differentiate a political party from a pressure group. Explain the role of RSS and Bajrang Dal units of
the Sangh Parivar as a pressure-group in the contemporary Indian Political System.
We deliberately asked this question as we wanted to conduct a social experiment. We wanted to see how many of
9/8/2015 9:26 AM
3 of 5
you would be a true administrator in dealing with sensitive topics. We wanted to see who will be vocal enough to
write controversial answers and who will act neutral and give an unbiased answer. The true acumen of a bureaucrat
is tested when he is confronted with such sensitive topics.
Some of you have praised the role of RSS and some of you have criticised it vehemently. We wanted a good,
balanced and neutral answer. We also wanted to see who would give real life examples of various controversial
places, and who would shy away from doing so.
The Top Answer for this question is written by Santhosh Venkatesh
Ans) A pressure group is a group of Individuals who means of organised activity work for protection and promotion
of their interests. Their activities may include Electionieering, Propagandazing or Lobbying. Examples of Pressure
groups are FICCI, Student Unions, RSS, Narmada bachao Andolan etc
Differences between Political parties and Pressure groups
Objectives :Pressure groups work for their own interests while Political parties work for National Interests.
Life span: Pressure groups may be ad-hoc or permanent depending on their objectives and
goals. Political parties are permanent and are recognized by Election Commission
Scope of Power : While Pressure groups influence Public policy, Political parties create public policies.
Means for achieving Objectives : Political parties follow Constitutional methods while pressure groups occasionally
resort to legal methods like lobbying and illegal methods such as strikes.
Role of Bajrang Dal and Rashtriya swayamsevak Sangh RSS in Indian political system
i)RSS has been the ideological mentor for some political parties and has had profound influence in its Ideology and
creation of vote banks .
ii) Some of Leaders of political parties are former members these Organisations.
iii)RSS supported the Human Rights and Pro Democracy movements during emergency
iv) Certain religious issues that have influenced politics such as Religious conversions ,cow protection movement,
Establishment of temples at Disputed sites such as Ram temple at Ayodhya arose due to these pressure groups.
Q.3) How far do regional groupings pose a threat to the stability of the Indian federalism. Trace and analyze
the working of such regional groupings.
When we framed this question, we have the Zonal Councils and Inter-State Councils in mind and that is what we
meant by regional groupings. But this was too ambiguous so a whole range of very interesting answers had come,
right from political parties to naxalites. Excellent innovation and novelty we see daily in these answers.
We do apologize for the ambiguity created but we are very impressed by the type of quality answers each one of
you had produced.
The Top Answer for this question is written by Stalin
Ans) Regional groupings are a mixed blessing.
Pros
Formation of Regional groupings means increased social consciousness as well as right awareness among
people.
It leads to strengthening of democracy. Forcing the legislative to incorporate the public opinion; Enforce
accountability and in precise leads to citizen-centric governance.
Leads to representation of minority interests/excluded.
9/8/2015 9:26 AM
4 of 5
However, the other side of the formation of regional groupings has following demerits
Too many number of Regional groupings means more divisive politics. It leads to political instability, delayed
decision making due to lack of consensus.
It may lead to different political parties with varying ideologies at state level. This results in coalition center with
contrasting ideologies. This makes running of govt difficult. Thus it may pose threat to federalism by weakening
position of center vis-a-vis states.
To make this working cooperative federalism model, following may be needed.
Form coalition at center with parties having coherent ideologies.
Constitution of Empowered group of ministers(EGOM), inter state bodies like Inter-state council, making proper
use of zonal councils and other coordination mechanisms.
Center to respect state autonomy by minimising interference in state list and framing policies related to concurrent
list only through states consultation by making use of coordination mechanisms like Inter-state council etc.
Q.4) Explain the concept of Judicial Activism and examine its impact on the relationship between the
executive and judiciary in India.
A very simple straight-forward question again. We were expecting to see a lot of real-life examples in the answers.
The Top Answer for this question is written by Nishant
Ans) Judicial Activism is the use of judicial powers to restrict Legislative Adventurism and Executive Excesses.
Judiciary self-assumes the role to strike down any legislation or executive action which is against the Constitution.
This is done either suo-moto or through public interest litigations (PIL). SC order to remove photographs of political
leader from government ads is a recent example of judicial activism
The practice has gained steam due to the growing public frustration with parliamentary dysfunctioning and executive
lethargy in cases like environmental pollution. Its impact on relationship between the 3 organs of Indian democracy
is examined below:
Started a game of one upmanship. Eg. after Kesavananda verdict in 1973, legislature assumed even greater
power via 42nd amendment, only to turned down again in Minnerva Mills 1980
Retaliatory response by Executive such as by taking part in judicial appointment through the newly formed NJAC
Over-interpretation of the Constitution by the Judiciary to force the issue. Taking away Presidential powers to
appoint higher judges in Second Judges Case is one example.
As a result the relationship between the Judiciary and other two has suffered massive trust deficit. Both the
legislative and executive vouch for judicial restraint instead of overreach (activism). While the efforts of the
Judiciary should be applauded, at the same time judicial activism shouldnt be treated as a pill for every ill.
Q.5) The Central Government frequently complains on the poor performance of the State Governments in
eradicating suffering of the vulnerable sections of the society. Restructuring of the CSS across the
sectors for ameliorating the cause of vulnerable sections of population aims at providing flexibility to the
states in better implementation. Critically evaluate.
2013 Mains had asked this question. The crux of this question lies in its directive critically evaluate, so all those
who bashed CSS would get lesser marks if they did not give the other side of the story too.
9/8/2015 9:26 AM
5 of 5
The Top Answer for this question is written by Sepoy No. 1446
Ans) Centrally Sponsored Schemes are target based intervention policies which aim to improve socio-economic
conditions of people. These are implemented by states but are formulated and funded by central government.
Examples include MNREGA, Mid day meal, SSA etc
Many of the CSSs are based on one size fits approach. It doesnt consider difference in priorities and problems
faced by states. This poses two challenges:
1. Misdirected efforts: For example, schemes like MDM and SSA are more effective in states like Bihar and
Jharkhand compared to a State like Kerala.Hence proper appropriation of fund can be done by understanding the
ground realities.
2. Inflexible approach: The framework and guidelines are prepared by center which states have to comply. The
states have limited options to amend the policies.
In wake of these inconsistencies and structural problems,now center has de-linked many CSSs from central funding
and have changed funding pattern for many others.This gives more autonomy and flexibility to states to design their
own programmes. The enhanced funding as proposed by 14th FC(42% funding) complemets this move.
But there are limitation of above restructuring. Not all polices can be de-linked. Few important CSSs which represent
National priorities like those targeting poverty alleviation will continue to be funded by center. Also,Concerns like
central oversight,states performance, actual field execution will have to be manged for an effective outcome.
9/8/2015 9:26 AM
iasbaba.com

IASbaba

ARCHIVES
Day 8 Agricultural Issues GS 3

Q.1) Urijit Patels Committee had recommended for the removal of administered prices and subsidies in
agriculture. What are the different forms of farm subsidies in India and what is their justification?
The Top Answer for this question is written by Indushree
Ans) Farm subsidies in India have twin objectives of achieving socio economic equality and modernising
agriculture. They can be categorised as follows.
Input subsidy:
Agricultural yield in India is low when compared to global standards. The bridging of yield gap needs quality
seeds, improved soil quality, and timely availability of water and irrigation facilities. Hence, Government subsidises
seeds, fertilizers, water and power.
Administered Prices:
The seasonal nature of agriculture makes it vulnerable to demand-supply variations.
Government uses minimum support prices to assure income to producers and to provide food security to poor.
Credit subsidy:
Technologies like farm mechanisation, micro irrigation are crucial for efficient utilisation of inputs and timely
completion of activities. Being capital intensive, they are assisted by state through interest subvention schemes.
Kisan credit cards and credits against Negotiable warehouse receipts are aimed at avoiding distress sale by
producers.
Insurance subsidy:
Indian agriculture is gamble with monsoons. Hence government promotes crop insurance through schemes like
MNAIS.
Infrastructure subsidy:
development of irrigation projects, roads and storage facility are necessary for timely delivery of services and
better utilisation of land and labour.
Instead of doing away with administered prices and subsidies as recommended by Urijit Patel Committee,
Government has to focus on rationalising the subsidy regime and allocating the resources to research institutes
like ICAR and Agricultural Universities for development of technology which suits the local needs.
Q.2) How is the multi-brand FDI relevant from food-processing point of view? Critically comment.
The Top Answer for this question is written by Sepoy No. 1446
Ans) Introduction of Multi-brand FDI in retail has been a topic of debate in India. The term retail is closely
related to food processing. Majority of Indians buy agro-processed products like packaged milk, pickles,
vegetables, fruits, jam, breads etc from local vendors and kirana shops. Loss of employment to such people
remains central to the given debate.
Other concerns of multi-brand FDI are: monopolistic market tendencies, higher prices in future, unfavorable
competition for small and medium enterprises etc.
However, FDI is needed in this sector for following reasons:
1. The 42 mega-food park (MFPs) are based on PPP financing. FDI will be an essential component of it.
2. FDI will bring technology and investment in front and back end infrastructure like cold storage,reefer vans and
processing centers which will significantly reduce the post harvest losses
3. Multiple actors will provide more options to the customers. This in a way will actually decrease the prices.
4. All these activities will also provide jobs to many.Moreover it will also bring skilled employment in foodprocessing industry.This can be utilized under Skill India programme.
Food processing is a priority sector industry under National manufacturing policy. Given its importance
government is following a public-partnership approach to develop the sector. There are some concerns with this
model as discussed above. Few of them have already been resolved. Further a stringent regulatory framework
will ensure compliance to safety norms and control of monopolistic tendencies. This should be the way forward for
this sector.
Q.3)What are the roles of skill development, training and entrepreneurship for both post-harvest
management and food processing industry? Examine.
The Top Answer for this question is written by Rahul Agarwal
Ans) Post harvest management are the set of activities from the harvest of crops to their palcement for marketing
to final consumers eg sorting and grading, cold stroages, cold chain etc. On the othe rhand food processing
means any activity to boost the value of food product. This may be to increase shelf life like pickles, enhancing
taste like pulpy juices or ease of cooking like ready made batters
In face of wastage of almost 25% of food products in transit to markets and lowering incomes from farm produce,
it is imperative to boost the post harvest management and food processing activities.For this, skill development,
training and entrepreneurship plays a key role.
Role of skill Development:
Most of the workers in these two sectors have shifted from the agricultural sector. Thus, they lack the basic skiils
for effective harvest management and food processing. There are institutes like NIFTEM to augment the skills of
such people
Role of Training:
Training is necessary for capability building of people involved in these indusrites. Since both harvest
management and food processing industries use technologies like controlled enthronement management,
irradiation technologies etc, these skills can only be inculcated by effective training
Role of developing entrepreneurship:
Due to heavy pressure on land in agriculture, harvest management and food processing present themselves as
ideal sectors for shifting surplus labour from agriculture. Government should ensure proper policy framework,
access to credit, incubation support for enabling the entrepreneurial ventures in these sectors.
Q.4) Although India is the second largest producer of food in the world, but its share in worlds expots is
very low despite its inherent strength in tea, spices and rice. Why?
The Top Answer for this question is written by Harshit Ladva
Ans) India has made significant progress in achieving food security after green revolution but Indian Food exports
are far from being significant due to following reasons
1) Domestic Demand : Indias first priority is meeting domestic demands and hence exports are given second
priority.
2) Packaging and Processing Indias sub-standard packaging industry and few scattered processing
industries restricts Value-added food exports. Ex Banana and other fruits are exported to Bangladesh and
Myanmar from Assam & Arunachal Pradesh but re-enter in India as canned foods.
3) Less Productivity of Farm-lands Indian farms are less productive comparatively due to fragmented holding ,
rain-fed irrigation , low mechanisation and pest infestation. This limits farm produces.
4) Policy measures Govs policy to increase export duties to combat domestic food inflation. eg :- hike in export
duties for Onion and Pulses.
5) Prejudicial Lobbying by EU and Western Countries To support their local peasants , developed countries
sometimes violates WTO trade norms and FTAs and restricts Indian imports under false pretences. Eg:- Mango
ban by EU.
6) Inherent quality and Branding India has failed to achieve high nutrient content and branding of it products. Eg
Japanese green tea v/s Indian tea.
7) Untapped potential of Horticulture and Pisciculture : Indias share of horticulture exports is minimal and
pisciculture caters to local demand only.
This can be remedied by structural and Infrastructural reforms.
Q.5) Is agriculture the backbone of the Indian economy? Critically examine.
The Top Answer for this question is written by Annapurna Garg
Ans) Agriculture, as an economic activity holds an immense value for the Indian economy. This is because of
followng reasons:
1. It supports about 55 to 60 percent of population. It even absorbs unskilled labour.
2. Village economy revolves about Agriculture. For example, the year in which agriculture productivity is low, the
sales of motorbikes in rural areas gets badly hit.
3. Food security comes from robust agriculture. For example, cereal production in India is sufficient and milk
production is also quite good.
4. Food processing is a related industry which can revolutionise the Indian economy.
5. Agriculture, being a primary industry supports many secondary industries, such as cotton, jute, sugar mills etc.
However, there are certain limitations of agriculture in India:
1. It contributes only 14 pecent to GDP

2. It is highly prone to seasonal risks and hence contribute to temporal instability
3. It alone doesnt guarantee food security.
4. Poverty of farmers
Thus, to take Indian economy on a higher path of growth trajectory, followng steps need to be taken:
1. It should be made climate resilient by using technologies such as drip irrigation, drought resistnant crops and
diversification of crops
2. Flaws in MSP Poilcy need correction.
3. All agricultural land need to be brought under irrigation.
4. APMC laws need to be implemented in amended form, and national market should be established as laid down
in the budget.
5. Moreover, farmer education, and agriculture research needs to be given a boost.
Thus, right kind of support to agriculture can work wonders to Indian economy and would lift many above the poor
indicators of financial, social and human conditions.
iasbaba.com

IASbaba

ARCHIVES
Day 9 Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude

Q.1) Explain with examples the different components of attitude and how they affect the overall behaviour
of a person.
The Top Answer for this question is written by Meera Kelkar
Ans) Attitude defines action. All humans actions are based on attitude, like a human body which follows the brain.
But like different processes in a body, there are different components of attitude which defines it.
We would have encountered bullying. When we think of the bully or see him ,it sends shivers down the spine, or a
sense of repulsiveness. This is emotional reaction towards the attitude object, here the bully. This is the Affective
component of attitude. This type of attitude is used to express and validate our belief; positive,negative or neutral.
Now, suppose we encounter the bully, what would be our reaction? We would run away. This attitude towards him
is either out of our previous personal encounter with him, or with some other bully. This is the behavioural reaction
towards the attitude object and is called the Behavioural component of attitude. Only this component of attitude
is visible, while others can only be inferred.
The third part deals with the stories we have heard about the bully, or the general trepidation about bullies. We
avoid him as possible as we can. This attitude is partly based on our information and beliefs about bullies , and is
the informational or Cognitive component of attitude. Here it makes little difference if the information is correct or
incorrect.
The above model is known as the ABC Model of attitude. Although every attitude has these three components,
any particular attitude can be based on one component more than another.
Q.2) Beliefs, values and attitudes are different but are related to each other. Explain.
The Top Answer for this question is written by Richa Shukla
Ans) Beliefs and values define our attitude or sometimes our attitude leads to corresponding beliefs and actions.
A belief is an idea that a person holds as being true, can be same or different. Everyone tries to evaluate his or her
belief. Values are stable long-lasting beliefs about what is important to a person, such as honesty, integrity,
lawfulness,impartiality, accountability etc. It helps people to make choices and take decisions. Attitudes are views
of a person, place, things or event based on experiences, emotions or prejudice.
All the three originate differently, but together forms the basis of our behaviour.
Decisions within an organisation are value based and proper identifications of values helps a public servant to
understand why certain decisions are taken and why some are not.
With increasing demand on the public service, factors like desire to please and political correctness do influence
ones attitude, without being a belief or value. There arise a conflict of values and are higher when someone is not
clear about his beliefs. It further leads to ethical and decision making dilemmas, affects team spirit and public
opinion.
It, therefore becomes a paramount role of the Public Service to cover all developmental goals by placing a
balance between values and beliefs and approaching it with right attitude to be harnessed for the common good.
Q.3) Devyansh is a young man who has grown up in a religions family. His familt has been practising religious
rituals and organising sermons as well as discourses on holy books like the Ramayana and Bhagwad Geeta at the
community level also. However, apart from ritualistic learning of the religious scriptures, his parents never
encourage him to understand or follow the essential meaning, message and ideas of the scriptures. All that he has
been told is to prepare himself for success in a cut-throat competitive world. His philosophical dissection, creative
explorations and interest in humanitarian values are discouraged and even ridiculed by his parents as well as by
his peer group. Parents are anxious about his examination results and career, so they motivate him to focus on
material goals. His peers also talk about the pulls and pressures of a competitive world and the charms of material
attainments and sensuous enchantments.
In the world of material rat-race, Devyansh is told that only success mattes and the question of means or ethics
and morality are irrelevant. Devyansh is an introvert person with a philosophical bent of mind and wants to
understand the conflicting influences religion practices as ritualistic tokenism at home, socialisation with family,
institutions and peer group as primary agents expecting him to chase material success and his own though
process making him to contemplate about the world around.
Q) What do you think should be the core ideas driving Devyanshs actions and value system? Is it
necessary for him to define his ethics in terms of different expectations from him or should he carve the
path he naturally belongs to? Justify your views.
The Top Answer for this question is written by Manpreet Kaur Mankoo
Ans) The situation of Devyansh as described in the given scenario is very much similar to that of Arjuna described
in Bhagwad Geeta. Like Arjun, he finds himself in an intense dilemma between the family whom he love,
community, institutions, peers whom he respect and his own quest for understanding the world around, for
morality, for ethical values, for right and wrong. Just as Lord Krishna lead Arjuna through victory by being his
charioteer, in the same way, the message inspired from Bhagwad Geeta should form the base for driving
Devyanshs actions and value system. That is:
-To rise above goodness, ignorance- for allowing him to not bother about others expectations of him
-Self realization- for attending to and exploring his philosophical thoughts and creativity
-Fight for your right as your duty- for persuading and helping him in speaking out (him being an introvert)
-Righteousness- for showing him the moral and ethical path
-Follow path of selfless service- for encouraging him to act on his humanitarian thoughts
-Should not waver from duty- For preventing him from getting weak and straying from his actions
Therefore, Devyansh should listen to his inner self that is constantly trying to call out to him doing which will help
him in understanding the conflicts around him. He should definitely carve out a way he naturally belongs to.
iasbaba.com

IASbaba

ARCHIVES
Day 10 Modern History and INM

Q.1) The rise of Arya Samaj may quite logically be pronounced as the outcomes of conditions imported
into India by the West. Evaluate.
Ans) Arya Samaj was necessarily a Hindu revivalist movement of 19th century. While it accepted a few
progressive western ideas, it opposed the foreign nature of British rule and their cultural dominance.
1. As a revolt against intrusion of colonial culture and ideology, Arya Samaj chose to revive traditional culture with
Vedic knowledge as its foundation.
2. Opposing the foreign rule, Arya Samaj called for Aryavartha for Aryans.
3. Christian missionaries used education and healthcare to encourage conversion. Recognising this, Dayanand
Anglo Vernacular schools were started to promote western scientific education.
4. In retaliation to proselytising activities of Christians and Muslims, Arya Samaj launched Shuddhi Movement.
This reconversion movement also sowed the seeds of communalism.
5. The awakening lead by Western rationalism necessitated a relook into Indian society. Arya Samaj opposed
social evils like polytheism, idolatry, caste system, untouchability and superstitions. But, it sought to revive varna
system based on occupation as prevalent in Vedic times.
6. Also, progressive ideas like equality to women, widow remarriage, intercaste marriages, universal brotherhood
which found their way into Arya Samaj were influenced by western ideas of liberty, equality and fraternity.
Arya Samaj incorporated the best ideas from past and West to reform Indian society. But, its over-zealous attempt
to protect Hindu society led to revival of communalism too.
Q.2) The Charter Act of 1833 rung own the curtain on the companys trade and introduced a new concept
of government in India. Substantiate.
The Top Answer for this question is written by Santosh Gupta
Ans) After stopping the commercial activity of EIC by asking it to close its trade entirely in India, the charter Act of
1833 made provisions for introduction of new concept of government of India, through:
Centralisation of power: The Governor General of Bengal was made the Governor General of British India and all
financial and administrative powers were centralized in the hands of Governor General-in-Council. He could
repeal, amend or alter any laws or regulations in any part of British territory in India.
Concept of Acts: The Act provided that all laws made in India were to be laid before the parliament and be known
as Acts.
Establishment of Indian Law Commission: To codifying the laws, the GG-in-Council was directed to set up an
Indian law Commission to inquire into the Jurisdiction, powers and rules of the courts, judicial procedure, nature
and operation of all kinds of laws.
Indians in Administration: The Act provisioned to admit the natives of India to share administration in the country.
Social Measures: The Act directed the GG-in-Council to give due consideration to personal laws and work towards
mitigation of the state of slavery.
Thus, the Act changed a commercial body to administrative setup and laid the initial foundation for introduction of
colonial government in India.
Q.3) The tribals revolted more often and far more violently than any other community including peasants
in India. Enumerate the causes and consequences of all these intense tribal revolts.
The Top Answer for this question is written by Razm
Ans) Tribal revolts even with their local in character were much violent and traditional in nature. Their general
causes and aftereffects of those revolts are enumerated below.
Causes
1. Famine and economic hardships because of higher land revenue were the major reasons for uprisings such as
Sanyasi revolt , Chuar uprisings, Bhil uprisings etc.
2. Excessive land transfers, external interferences etc sowed the seeds of Kol Mutiny, Santhal uprisings, Khasi
uprisings etc.
3. Ramosis revolted against the imposition of British pattern of administration.
4. British efforts to end the practice of human sacrifice aroused the feelings of Kandhs.
5. New restrictive forest rights imposed resulted in Rampa rebellion.
Consequences
1. Colonial authorities in general recognized the tribal autonomy and thereafter interference were minimal from the
British side in 20th century
2. Many tribal rights were recognized in principle
3. In totality these rebellions were able to set the tradition of local resistance to authoritarianism and hence can be
considered as a precursor to all the later organized struggles against the empire.
Although the tribal uprisings were massive they were often localized and isolated and were for local grievances.
Hence their resistance wasnt powerful enough to represent a social alternative.
Q.4) Examine the major factors shaping the British Land-Revenue Policy in India. How did it affect the
Indian society?
Ans) British Land revenue system was essentially based on Mercantilism policy. EIC collected tax to finance its
exports of raw material to British without requiring gold, silver.
The major aims of land-revenue system were: maximum revenue, continued supply of raw material, making
market for British goods and ultimately continuation of British rule.
EIC used the old tax system and local zamindars, jagirdars were assigned the task as they were accustomed to
the prevailing tax system.
Three types of systems:
1. Permanent settlement: Tax was to be collected by zamindars and revenuewas fixed
2. Ryotwari: Government to collect tax and the land-revenue system was flexible
3. Mahalwari System: Taxation was imposed on village community
Consequence on society and culture:
Class society: Divided society into different classes: zamindar, tenant, share-cropper etc. This also introduced
many oppressive practices: beggar, forced labor
Impact on agriculture: made Indian agriculture mono-cultural, only cash crops were cultivated, earlier practice of
cultivating food, fodder, and fuel alongside disappeared.
Cash economy: As they had to pay revenue in cash and not in kind unlike earlier. This led to money lending.
Village culture: practice of common land, co-operative relations destroyed and led to problems like land
fragmentation, competition based village, low scale production and food insecurity. Self-sufficient villages became
dependant on British goods, law and justice system.
Q.5) Examine the main aspects of Muslim League politics from 1937 to 1947. Was the partition of the
country unavoidable?
The Top Answer for this question is written by Sepoy No 1446
Ans) Muslim league intensified its demand for Pakistan in last leg of Indian National movement.From 1937 to
1947,three different trends can be observed:
1937 to 1942:This was characterized by consolidation of two nation theory.This was comparatively a calm period
in terms of violence and direct clashes.By 1940,the idea of Pakistan has almost taken shape.Next few years were
spent in its active pursuance,using both violence and politics.
1942 to 1946:ML and Congress engaged over Cripps mission,Cabinet mission,Wavell plan etc where ML claimed
itself to be the sole representative of Muslims of India.This had a major bearing during negotiation process and
almost all missions came to a halt.On field level,incipient form of communal clashes were brewing.
1946 to 1947:This was marked by violent confrontation.Congresss frustration with leagues non-cooperation in
interim cabinet and MLs call for direct action were major events.Political talks almost broke down which
ultimately led to Partition.
1937-1947 era made partition unavoidable.Congress refusal to share power with ML in united provinces was the
turning point.By mid-40s ML had become annoyingly adamant.Communal clashes had halted general life,led to
breakdown of law and machinery,peoples morals were down and leaders had lost energy.British were also in a
hurry.All these made partition a necessary evil.
iasbaba.com

IASbaba

ARCHIVES
Day 11 Parliament and the State Governments GS 2

Q.1) Examine the demand for greater state autonomy and also its impact on the smooth functioning of the
Indian polity.
A very straightforward answer where you need to enumerate the various demands which are usually made for
demanding greater state autonomy and then a one-line examination for each demand would suffice.
In the next part, the various impacts of such autonomy on the functioning of the Indian polity should be discussed.
The Top Answer for this question is written by Vidhu
Ans) India has been described as a quasi federal state where the power is divided between the Union and the
state governments. Of late there has been a great demand for bringing greater autonomy to the states. The
reasons may be:
1 Planning Commission did not become very successful . The plans worked in top down manner leaving the
states to implement schemes by depending on the Centres help and guidance
2. There is too much dependence of the states on the Centre for funds which is 42% at present. The domain of
raising revenue is lesser for states as compared to Centre
3. The domain of law making is less for states (State and concurrent list) and even then the Union can dominate
4. Presence and dominance of All India Services creates conflict between states and Centre
5. Inequalities among states in terms of social/economic development, education, infrastructure demand localized
solutions for solving local problems
The impact of greater autonomy for states can be:
1 More funds for states leading to more money for development and reduction in unnecessary red tapism
2. The states will have a wider domain to make laws providing solutions for local problems.
3. States become more accountable to the people
4. This might create rationalistic tendencies among the states which might hamper national unity.
Q.2) Bring out the aberrations of the Parliamentary System of Government of India. Is it time to change to
a different governmental system? Critically analyze.
Another simple question. Note that the question is not asking for the demerits of the parliamentary type of
government. It is asking for what has gone wrong with the Indian Parliamentary system, and if by changing the
system, these aberrations will be removed or not.
The Top Answer for this question is written by Santosh Venkatesh
Ans) Indias experiment with the parliamentary form of government started with the Charter act of 1853 and got
final shape with the Constitution of India.
But there have been deviations or aberrations from the system in the following aspects
After coalition politics came in political ideological homogeneity was lost.
Formation of government by Minority parties with least representation of people by means of coalitions.
Accountability of Executive to legislature undermined by extensive use of extraordinary devices such as
Ordinances, National emergencies etc.
Autocratic tendencies of the prime minister and dictatorship of cabinet thus bringing in despotism.
Moral deviations criminalisation of politics, disrespect to parliamentary conventions, parliamentary disruptions
and improper conduct of members.
The presidential form of government Advantages
Faster consensus, better efficiency, coherent, long term policies, faster decision making and hence faster
development.
Independence of executive, Legislature and Judiciary would provide better use of checks and balances.
But India is better suited for parliamentary government because
Conflict of executive and Legislature, Unaccountability of former to latter would prove very costly of India.
Past Indian governments have shown Resilience in taking tough decisions and consensus eg LPG reforms.
Familiarity with parliamentary form of government.
Thus along with the above reasons the very nature of India with many religions, castes, languages demands a
parliamentary form of government which is more inclusive.
Q.3) Comment on the financial relations between the Union and the States in India. Has the post-1991
liberalization in anyway affect it?
Ans) Two provisions govern the Centre-State financial relations in Indian federal setup:
1. Constitution : Under Article 280 Finance Commission (FC) provides for devolution of taxes between the Centre
and States.
2. Extra-Constitutional : Planning Commission gives funding via Central Plan Assistance to States and Centrally
Sponsored Schemes (CSS)
In this regard, states have raised two major issues:
1. Demand for greater financial autonomy via FC devolution to meet non-plan expenditures.
2. Faulty designs of CSS and their profligation has shrunk the share of untied funds. State plans have suffered
due to this.
Post 1991 Liberalization has added its own impact:
1. Naturally endowed states gained from increased investment inflow. This widened the inter-state financial divide.
2. On the positive side, improved fiscal condition gave more voice to states. Some became prominent
stakeholders in regional development. Eg Tamilnadu.
3. Multiplication of CSS via increasing funds from World Bank etc.
Taking cognizance of the demands, the devolution of taxes has steadily increased from 29% in 10th FC to 42% by
14th FC. The Planning Commission has been done away with and CSS rationalized and delinked to free up funds
for the States. Setting up of NITI Aayog shows Centres commitment to inculcate a spirit of cooperative federalism
and rectify its past mistake of a unilateral policy regime.
Q.4) The freedom of speech available to the members on the floor of the House is different fro that
available to the general citizenry under Article 19. Comment.
The basic difference between Article 19 and Article 105 is all that is needed.
Ans) The freedom of speech given to member of parliaments or citizens is an essential feature of democracy.
However there are many differences between them:
1. Source: Freedom of speech to citizens comes under article 19 and to MP comes under article 105. However
both are constitutionally granted.
2. Nature: Freedom of speech under 19 is a fundamental right of citizens; however that granted to MP is not a
fundamental right.
3. Scope: The right for citizen extends to whole country and that for former only inside the parliament and its
committees.
4. Restriction: Restriction for article 19 can be put on reasonable grounds mentioned in article 19 itself and no
other ground. However the freedom granted under 105 is subject to provisions of constitution and also to rules and
standing orders regulating procedures of parliament.
5. Amendment: Only a constitutional amendment can bring change in article 19. However the freedom of speech
can also be affected through parliamentary rules and orders.
One other fundamental difference is freedom under article 19 facilitates expressing individual view and opinions
whereas that under 105 helps to express popular views through peoples representatives. However both facilitate
mass democracy.
Q.5) Constitutional mechanisms to resolve the inter-state water disputes have failed to address and solve
the problems. Is the failure due to structural or process inadequacy or both? Discuss. (2013 Mains GS 2)
Ans) Parliament enacted the Interstate Water Disputes Act, 1956 under Art 262 to resolve interstate water
disputes and River Boards Act to regulate interstate waters. The recurrent nature of water disputes, highlight
structural and procedural flaws in these legislations.
Structural Reasons:
1. Advices of River boards are not binding

2. Tribunals under IWDA are Ad hoc bodies set up under the discretion of Centre upon request by States. This
leads to politicisation of the dispute. Ex- Cauvery Dispute between Tamilnadu and Karnataka
3. Absence of permanent mechanisms and punitive measures to enforce the decisions of tribunal makes the
process ineffective.
Procedural Reasons:
1. Inordinate delays in setting up of tribunal, Adjudication of dispute and notification of decision in official gazette
Narmada tribunal took 9 years for resolution.
Negotiating personnel change with changes in State and central governments. This makes the process more
cumbersome.
2. Absence of standard operating procedures and definition of factors influencing conflict resolution.
3. Emphasis on legal adjudication over negotiations.
While tribunals such as Godavari and Narmada have been successful, Cauvery and Ravi-Beas Awards are still
disputed. IWDA Amendment Act, 2002 aimed to fix these issues by prescribing a time limit of 5 years and
providing suo moto power to Centre in creation of tribunal as per Sarkaria Commission recommendations.
However, these mechanisms are still marred by lack of co-ordination between the parties necessitating better
definition of both structure and process for resolution.
iasbaba.com

IAS
baba

ARCHIVES
TLP: GENERAL STUDIES 3 SYNOPSIS [DAY 12]
Q.1) In every progressive economy, there has been a steady shift of employment and investment from
the essential primary activities to secondary activities of all kinds and to a still greater extent into tertiary
production. In the light of the current initiatives taken for the revival of MSMEs, comment on the
statement with your opinion on the burgeoning signs of distress and the disequilibrium of employment
present amongst the three sectors.
We need to understand that manufacturing sector is crucial for employment generation and development of an
economy. However, when we look at the present state of employment opportunities in India, we find India still
maintaining the imbalance, resulting into diminishing returns that can only be cured by diverting the extra
workforce to remaining sectors i.e. secondary and tertiary.
Mention the GDP and employment data of all the three sectors quickly enumerating the signs of distress thats
working towards this imbalance. The third part should be focussed on the recent initiatives taken for the revival of
the MSMSs to tackle the employment disequilibrium.
Todays Top Answer is written by Ramdas

Ans) The statement raises the question if the Indian economy can really be called progressive especially in the
light of employment related challenges and role of MSMEs in providing solutions.
The Indian economy is in the phase of transition and hence investment is rising in secondary and tertiary
sectors and there is gradual shift of employment away from agriculture.
However, employment generation away from agriculture was below the potential due to jobless growth of last 2
decades in spite of LPG reforms after 1991 aiming at structural adjustment.
Though contribution of agriculture to GDP has come down to 18% of GDP, its contribution to the employment is
still 47%(Economic survey 2015). This creates distressful employment in agriculture.
Additionally disequilibrium is created as India has moved from agriculture dominant to service sector dominant
stage while skipping the stage of manufacturing dominance which could have generated massive additional
employment.
Service sector contributes 51% of GDP but only 27% to the employment. This means despite higher
investments, it is not able to absorb excess labour force.

Industry sector, on the other hand is at equilibrium with contribution of 31% to GDP and 24% to employment.
Faced with the challenges of gainful employment creation to reap demographic dividend, Govt has identified
MSME sector as catalyst due to its advantages like
Low initial capital.
Higher employment per unit of investment.
Low gestation period.
Easier compliance with labour laws.
Potential for balanced regional development and inclusive growth.
Govt has launched schemes like MUDRA yojana, Start up India- Stand up India, venture capital fund for
entrepreneurs, technology upgradation and marketing support schemes.
Successful implementation of these programs along with Skill India and Make in India can help India become a
progressive economy with high quality of employment.
Todays Top Answer is written by Strenuous

Ans) No country can dream of becoming an advanced economy without treading the path of industrial boom. The
Indian story is perplexing in a way that it missed industrial path to make a huge leap to service sector from
agriculture sector. Composition of these three sectors in employment and GDP share itself speaks of Indian
economic structure lacunae.
Agricultural sector employs 50% of countrys population with just 14% share in GDP. The magnitude of
disguised unemployment is evident from the figures.
-Industries contribute 26% in GDP with just 20% employment. It shows the potential of this sector to give a huge
push to our GDP if resources are employed.
-Service sector too is indispensable for economy for its huge share in GDP i.w 57% with just 31% employment.
In order to give impetus to industrial sector in general and MSME in particular, various schemes have been
launched:
National Skill Development Mission to reap demographic potential.
MSME cluster development for holistic cooperation in value added and supply chain.
MUDRA bank for easy financing.
Marketing assistance.
Dedicated schemes to encourage khadi, handloom etc.
In order to fix disequilibirium in employment, surplus labour from agriculture should be off loaded to be employed
in manufacturing sector complemented by enabling environment for industries to flourish.
Q.2) Couched in the terms of protecting women, the factory laws have essentially protected men.
Critically examine the statement and make a case for elimination of women being an afterthought for the
future policymakers.
The process of amending the laws has been underway since 2011 and the trend shows that the most vulnerable
of the workers (big or small factories) have been lawfully deprived of even their basic rights as workers. Try going
back a bit in time and observe that post Second World War, laws disallowed women form working in certain
occupations and sectors, to ensure that men returning from the war would be able to get jobs in factories. Women
used to do the same work when men were out their fighting. Therefore, these age-old restrictions having their
genesis in that historical time, have found a place in most of the factory laws of the world.
This question leads you to even question what holds true for dangerous operations due to which women arent
allowed Shouldnt all the workers be protected from these life-threatening operations?
Mention some of the steps taken for the betterment and the third part should address the policy issues to be taken
care of for the future betterment of women working conditions and treating them at par with their male
counterparts.
Todays Top Answer is written by Sepoy No 1446

Ans) Women make half of population.But their participation in Indian labour market remains highly skewed. Some
of the labor laws actually contribute to this situation.
Indian labour laws have made specific provisions with respect to working condition for women.For
example,Factory laws 1948 has provisions like restriction on doing night shifts.This acts as a discouragement to
wider women participation.This in a way helps men to gain more employment opportunity.Further women are not
allowed to operate certain machinery and their parts.This creates legally sanctioned disability,and hence gives
more opportunity to male workers.
However few acts are more effective.For example,Maternity benefit act 1961 has provision of paid leave during
pregnancy. This helps in adjustment of work-life balance and prevents many women from quitting jobs.
Today,women are as capable as men and the laws of 60s and 70s that were made keeping in view the
protectionist and patriarchal views of society wont work.Any delay in this front will delay Indias progress, both in
terms of women empowerment and in terms of India empowerment,as such their contribution to GDP growth has
been well accepted by recent IMF research.In the view of social transformation and globalization and to further
strengthen women empowerment, women should be made a first-thought in all future labour laws,instead of
doing later addendum and amendments.
Todays Top Answer is written by Vidhu

Ans) Women, the fairer sex, has always been considered as fragile and fit for mainly non-hazardous works. No
matter how much effort women put in order to break this misconception, the traditions, customs, laws of the world
make the situation which cannot be considered as equal for men and women.
Factory / Labour laws have in the same sense been a bit a inclined towards the men. There are provisions like
men getting more wages than women, women not allowed to operate certain machines in factories are a few. The
governments instruction that women should not work beyond 8 pm in IT industry although for their safety
can also be seen as form of discrimination which deprives them of some extra money. Women have also been
struggling to get permanent commission in armed forces which deprived them of better work opportunities.
But there are certain provisions like extended maternity leave and bonus, Vishakha guidelines for anti sexual
harassment , crche facilities for mothers which help create a holistic environment for women to work.
History proves that be it in fields, household or in times of war, women have helped in the cause. The government
needs to ensure that they are treated and paid equally as men are. The permanent commission for women in
navy can be the 1st step. We have major world and corporate leaders as women which should be an eye opener
and foundation for more gender neutral labour laws.
Q.3) Has the Drugs and Cosmetics Act been stretched far beyond its breaking point? Suggest a way
forward for its much-needed overhaul.
It is a direct question dealing with the issues still present as a patch on the bill and the various lacunae that it still
hosts.
You should mention about the efficacy and effectiveness, Clinical trials, Challenges of the Fixed Dose
Combination Drugs (number of approvals + WHO guidelines).
The much needed overhaul requires one to provide inputs to strengthen the countrys drug regulatory system.
Todays Top Answer is written by RKM

Ans) Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940 regulates the import, manufacture, distribution and sale of drugs and
cosmetics.
Reasons for it reaching to brittle point
1.India is on the threshold of becoming the hub of clinical trials because of abundant availability of vulnerable
people at low cost. There is no penalty of violating clinical trail provision in 1940 Act rules.
2.Lack of proper standards for testing of Drugs.
3.Lack of regulator for licensing of Drugs.
4.Narrow definition of Drug and Clinical trail.
Way forward is to implement Mashelkar Committee recommendations such as1. Enhanced penalties for clinical trial and other offences and provision of special courts to try offences
related to spurious and adulterated drugs.
2. Replace the Drugs Technical Advisory Boards with the Central Drugs Authority (CDA) which shall be the
licensing authority for the manufacturing, distribution, sale, import and export of drugs and cosmetics.
3. Expand the definition of drugs to include medical devices. Also Define clinical trial, and all clinical trials
shall require the approval of the CDA. Clinical trial means systematic study of any drug or cosmetic [not
just new drugs as per 1940 Act].
4. Government shall set up a CDA of India Fund. It shall be used for salaries of the members and employees
of the CDA and for the implementation of the Bill.
Todays Top Answer is written by Somestuff

Ans) A burgeoning pharmaceutical sector in India and the emergence of online market-place models have posed
challenges to the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, which seem to render it obsolete in attending todays challenges.
Some of the issues with this Act are:
1. It does not address the concerns of online sale of drugs this was highlights in the recent issue of Flipkart
selling prescription drugs
2. The regime of pharmaceutical pricing for essential drugs has led to many companies levying charges of
regulatory over-reach against NPPA
3. Drug testing seems to be a grey zone due to little protection for the vulnerable sections. The HPV trials in
Chhattisgarh and Telangana, where consent was not properly obtained highlights this issue
4. The failure of popularizing generics in the public is another instance where the act has failed
Steps required tending to these issues
1. Strictly enforce prescriptions for select drugs at stores and online. The culture of impunity with which
people purchase any drugs off-the-shelf should be removed
2. NPPA should consult pharmaceutical companies before bringing any drugs under the NLEM. Otherwise it
would lead to shut down in production of drugs that are not remunerative
3. Awareness programmes should be carried out to ensure that people dont fall for false claims of dug testing
companies and that they are fully cognizant of possible consequences
4. Doctors should be asked to prescribe generics, at least in rural areas. Further Jan Aushadi stores need to
be revamped to allow people to purchase generic equivalents of drugs they know.
Given the increasing size and scope of the Pharma sector, there is a need to revamp it in tune with changing
times.
Q.4) Is green the colour of growth? Comment in the light of the US-India energy relationship.
One should write about Green being the present colour of growth as the central THEME, in the first part of the
question as it will help one stick to the question asked and will help provide a proper framework to the question.
In the conclusion, a short analysis of how does the world see this cooperation or how important it holds for the
other States to follow the same should be written to give it a complete picture. While commenting, you need to
bring the other side of this as well. Whether Green is the color of growth? Hint- Indias major energy dependency
is still on the non-green side.
Top Answer by Samudragupta

Reports and surveys have repeatedly made a case for mass extinction if problems like climate change,global
warming pollution etc are not tackled.This awareness of the problem has meant that green definitely should be the
colour of growth.
India and countries world over are engaging themselvs in several initiatives like kyot protocol,montreal
protocol,anti desertification to rein in climate change.In this context indo-US energy relationship can be
summarised as follows:
The relationship grew from a normal energy dialogue in 2005 to promotion of clean energy
Recent breakthrough in nuclear liability would further clean energy development through US supply of
nuclear reactors.
A joint R&D center has been established to research on clean energy and connect policy makers and
industrialists in both countries.
A clean energy promoting fund called PACE setter fund has been established.
US vowed to reing its emmission and we are trying to come up with workable figures of INDC to be
adhered to
The above ind0-US energy relationship definitely makes a case for clean and greene nergy.But on the downside
our growth cannot be all the green because
We are still a developing country and green growth I costly.This would deter out process of development.
Most of the systems in place be it in enery,manufacturing or otherwise are pollutin.It will be sometime
before growth becomes green enough.
US is developed and it can afford green growth whereas india cannot.SO US-India relationship in energy
and their emphasis on less pollution should be taken with a pinch of salt.
Overall though green definitely is the colour of growth,it should occur gradually for India.
Todays Top Answer is written by Peeku

Ans) Recently, the US ambassador to India Richard Verma called Green the colour of growth. Green is not only
the colour of growth but also symbolizes harmony, nature and most importantly sustainability-the most important
dimension of development. In the light of US-India energy relationship, GREEN has become the dominant theme:
1. In 2009, President Obama and then-Prime Minister Singh launched the U.S.-India Partnership to Advance
Clean Energy. Now, Prime Minister Modi and President Obama have committed to strengthen and expand
the initiative.
2. The US Embassy and the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy launched the India Clean Energy
Finance Forum ( high level policy discussion) and the U.S.-India Task Force on Clean Energy Finance.
3. Joint Clean Energy Research and Development Center supports cutting-edge research in solar energy,
advanced biofuels, and energy efficient buildings.
4. Promoting Energy Access through Clean Energy (PEACE) program to greatly accelerate the deployment of
off-grid clean energy.
5. Recent breakthrough understandings in the civil nuclear sector will allow building of low-carbon base-load
nuclear power plants.
With issues like dependence on coal for energy and energy poverty and inequality, the US India energy
relationship holds immense potential. The challenge for India however will be to pick the right technologies and to
define the level of support that the government should provide and what incentives might be put in for the private
sector to augment the governments involvement.
Q.5) India has been attempting to promote high technology industries. What do you mean by high
technology industries? Examine with the help of recent examples if India is capable of walking down this
path.
Features should be written about High-tech industries as it forms the base of this question.
This question has to be answered with the examination of the recent strides taken by India and so one needs to
restrict oneself with the deficiencies which can just be lightly put in the conclusion, as issues to be worked upon to
achieve the same.
Todays Top Answer is written by Peeku

Ans) High technology industries are those which employ cutting edge or the most advanced technology available.
Such industries need highly skilled personnel and high investments in R&D. Qualcomm in wireless chips, Intel in
computing, and Airbus are some examples.
India has many assets to build such an industry. It has strong core engineering skills. In sectors like automobiles
and pharmaceuticals, India is beginning to have global presence.This has deepened Indias management skills.
Knowledge of English has been a big advantage too.The IITs and NITs graduate a sizable number of students in
science and engineering. Recent examples proving this stand are:
1.ISRO successfully launched GSLV-D6 carrying GSAT-6 satellite. Also, more satellites are planned to be
launched during 2015-16. These include GSAT-15; IRNSS-1E, IRNSS-1F & IRNSS-1G; and Space science
satellite ASTROSAT.
2.Biotechnology is developing at a fast pace with India being 3rd biggest biotech industry in the Asia-Pacific
region. Recently, Indian biotech firm Stempeutics Research gets China Patent for its novel stem cell drug. It is the
only company in the world to get a patent from the Chinese patent office.
3. India-based Neutrino Observatory Project has been recently approved for non-accelerator based high energy
and nuclear physics research in India.
4. Microelectronics is also developing with projects as Digital Programmable Hearing Aids going on.
Although there are issues like brain drain and many projects are done with foreign help, India seems to have the
potential of walking down this path. Building a world class and globally competitive high technology industry is a
huge task, but India has most of the ingredients for success.
Todays Top Answer is written by Nishant

Ans) High Tech Industries have three broad features:
1. Need highly skilled labor
2. Large investment in R & D
3. Access to and demand in global markets
Indias traditional PSU model to promote high tech industries has largely failed to deliver good results. But recent
examples have given a more optimistic view in this regard:
1. ISRO With the emphatic success of its Mars Mission and rapidly improving satellite launch technology
has become the cynosure of all eyes. It is now launching satellites for other advanced countries
2. Pharmaceutical Industry Indian generic drug makers showcase our skills in frugal reverse engineering.
They have huge demands in African countries where drug delivery is scare.
Additionally, India has strong core engineering skills that have huge scope in semiconductor chip design,
computing etc. To illustrate, 1/4th of all engineers at Intel are Indian. But the positive signs arent without certain
caveats:
1. Capital investment is hard to come by domestically. Advanced countries attach conditionalities to their
funding with an aim to derail Indias attempts at high tech industries. A clear policy and tough stand at WTO
is needed on Indias part to prevent cases like dumping of cheap mobiles by China into India markets.
2. Retention of local talent and promoting to original R&D work to prepare a strong domestic base.
iasbaba.com

IAS
baba

ARCHIVES
TLP: GENERAL STUDIES 4 SYNOPSIS [DAY 13]
Q.1) One cannot legislate or codify for integrity. At the end of the day, integrity is a question of
uncompromising moral reasoning. Discuss this statement with suitable examples and arguments.
The crux of the question should be in examples, because the statement made is straight-forward and to justify it
usage of a lot of examples is necessary. Even while giving counter-arguments, one should complement it with
factoids and real-life scenarios.

Ans) A researcher is carrying out a research on a drug. He is under time constraint to complete his study and
submit it. He has the option of fudging the data and complete his work. But his integrity makes his avoid this and
go by the moral principles of not getting trapped by such short cuts. Though, no one is watching him, but he
follows the right path.
This is what we call integrity. Its the quality of being morally sound even when no one is watching. Its a personal
quality of adhering to morally right principles in most of the situations one comes across. Its a virtue which
develops in an individual from various factors such as parents, siblings, community, cultural values, media etc.
Since its an abstract concept, its difficult to codify it. For example, in above case, even if the person fudges the
data, its highly unlikely anyone would come to know about it. However, its also true that the laws concerning
violation of ethics can definitely be brought to light. For example, a road contractor who uses sub standard
material for construction and hence roads breaks within few months. Thus he deceives public as wells as
government. Here his morality can be questioned and investigated also.
Thus, laws can increase ones compliance with the ethical principles. But this can happen at a superficial level.
Overall a person would not change and may act unethically where laws do not apply.
Q.2) Are objectivity and neutrality always desirable in administrative decision making? What are the
conditions in which other values may come in conflict with objectivity?
Any question which says always desirable should be dealt with carefully, because there are always exceptions.
There might be some scenarios in life where it is prudent to not be objective or neutral for the greater good. So,
such universal generalizing questions should be given a balanced answer with good examples.
The second part should enumerate the other values alongwith examples.
The Top Answer for this question is written by Ravi

Ans) Preamble and Fundamental Rights of our constitution established the values that all individuals are equal
and subjected to laws in equal nature. Objectivity and Neutrality are fundamental in realising the goals of the
Constitutional values and ideals, and making ethical, rational decisions according to the rules and regulations. But
administration involves facing many challenges and issues and is dynamic in nature and circumstances where
subjectivity is to be considered are as follows:
a)To realise social and economic justice to downtrodden as enshrined in Directive principles, administrators has to
consider subjective paths but their actions should be in their jurisdiction and judicious, reasonable and have
humanitarian values. For instance, recently the PM of India has ordered AIMMS to provide treatment to an 8 year
old girl suffering with cancer on humanitarian grounds.
1. b) Administrator life is involved with instances of risk and need taking decisions on the spot. Innovativeness
needs certain element of subjectivity to achieve peace and stability in administration.
2. c) Administration has to flexible to realise the welfare of the people. Though Supreme Court awards death
sentences on objective basis, Constitution has provisions to pardon death sentences subjectively based on
good moral conduct during period of sentence.
Though objectivity and neutrality are fundamental in administration, certain other values like sympathy,
benevolence, responsiveness also required according to situations.
Q.3) Case Study The government has rolled out a massive financial inclusion plan that aims to open
savings bank accounts for all the citizens of India. You are a branch manager in a reputed commercial
bank. There is immense pressure on you to meet the monthly target of the total number of bank accounts
to be opened in your branch. However, you are faced with certain problems. Firstly, your area was badly
hit by a flood few months back. Thousands of people were dislocated and only now coming back to their
homes. In a situations like this, it is difficult to target the required number of people. Secondly, your
branch is severely under staffed. You have already made representations to your seniors to augment the
manpower in your branch but to no avail. When you intimated your zonal head about these handicaps, he
insisted that you work out the solution yourself and in no case target is to be missed.
In this situation, what options do you have? State their merits and demerits. Which option would you
follow and why? (250 words)

Ans) An Organizations values are its lifelines. The manager faces the problem of ensuring an ethical work culture
and meeting the targets in light of the difficult constrains. His personal integrity and strength to withstand external
pressure will also be tested in the process. As such he has two broad options discussed below:
1. Adopt unethical means to achieve the targets

This solves the immediate problems at hand but murders the core values of public service probity, accountability,
transparency, neutrality and upholding the law. In such a case, the service wouldnt be reaching out to those who
need it. Hence, there goes compassion and empathy towards the vulnerable. Additionally, it sets a bad precedent
for work culture and weakens the value system of the organization. The real problem of understaffing remains
unsolved too.
2. Think Out of the Box
Here, the manager can truly showcase his dedication to public service delivery. Since the people are still settling
into their lives again, it is difficult for them to come to the bank branch. As a solution, the manager can take help of
local SHGs, NGOs sponsored by the bank to reach out to the people. If possible, digital accounts employing ICT
can atleast be opened and extensive paperwork can be done later. But he must not compromise legality and
security at any time
Option 2 should be followed as it will ensure target is met without undermining service values. Lastly, a good
public servant never leaves the job half done. Using the details of this case, he should make sterner requests for
staffing so that quality and timely service can be ensured in the future.
iasbaba.com
http://iasbaba.com/2015/09/tlp-general-studies-mini-testrevision-day-14/
TLP: General Studies- MINI TEST/REVISION [DAY 14]

IASbaba
Weekly Plans
Archives
Note- We regret for the inordinate delay. Due to some technical issues (under process) we couldnt manage to
initiate TLP as we wanted and promised. But plan should run in any case hence this Revision Test. Hope you
revise well and take this seriously
Thank You for the support.
Note- Click on the questions and write on the respective posts
Password TLP2015
Q.1) The Alvars and Nayanars of Tamil Nadu led an inclusive Bhakti Movement where they accommodated the
women and the lower caste communities at the same time opposing the traditional religions of the time.
Comment.
Q.1)

Q.2) The period between 600 BC and 200 BC is important not only for political unity of the country but also for its
cultural unity. Analyze.
Q.2) 600 200

Q.3) Do you think Mahatma Gandhis support to the Khilafat Movement had diluted his secular credentials? Give
your argument based on the assessment of the events.
Q.3) ?

Q.4) Looking back, I am surprised at their achievements during a brief period of two years and a quarter, despite
the innumerable difficulties that surrounded them. Discuss the legislative and administrative record of the
Congress Ministries between 1937-39 in the light of this statement.
Q.4) ,
1937-39
Q.5) The Constitution should be amended and amplified substantially, by inserting in it the numerous various
provisions that include all the conventions, traditions and customs of the various governmental bodies that the
Constitution is silent on. Critically comment.
Q.5.) ,

Q.6) The Supreme Court of India keeps a check on the arbitrary power of the Parliament in amending the
Constitution. Discuss critically. (2013 Mains GS 2)
Q.6)
(2013 Mains GS 2)
Q.7) Give your views on the right to freedom of religion as enshrined in the Indian Constitution. Do they make
India a secular state?
Q.7)
Q.8) Examine the lack of financial inclusion as a factor responsible for inequality of income in India. What
measures are being taken to address this issue?
Q.8)
?
Q.9) How is GST different from VAT? What is the grand bargain suggested by the 13 th Finance Commission for
the implementation of GST?
Q.9) ? 13
Q.10) Why do the petrol and diesel prices increase in India frequently? What impact does this price rise has on
the economy?
Q.10) - ? ?
Q.11) Which are the various non-economic factors that play a significant role in economic development?
Enumerate with examples.
Q.11) - ?
Q.12) Along with carrying ethical worth, value systems are also important for efficiency and quality of work.
Discuss.
Q.12) -
Q.13) Political ideology of an individual often determines his attitude towards the politics of the day. Critically
analyze.
Q. 13)

Q.14) What do you understand by impartiality and non-partisanship? Explain with the help of suitable examples.
Q. 14) ?
iasbaba.com

IAS
baba

ARCHIVES
TLP: Post-Independence India upto 1991 GS 2 [DAY 15]

Q.1) Jawaharlal Nehru was the architect of Indias Policy of Non-Alignment. In light of the statement
analyze Indias relations with the two Power Blocs between 1947-1964.
The main crux of the question is the relationship of India with the two power blocs, with the background of NAM.
That is all. Do give various dimensions to it, you would get good marks.
The Top Answer for this question is written by Ramdas

Ans) Indias relations with two power blocs during 1947-64 can be analysed on the basis of following factors
1. Strategic autonomy of Indian foreign policy
This was maintained through neutrality towards both the groups despite the immense pressure to join.
India resisted temptation of joining any military alliance despite Pakistan joining the western bloc.
2. Role of India as mediator and bulwark of peace between two blocs
Due to Indias neutral stance and high moral ground, both blocs looked up to it whenever tensions ran high.
India mediated in Korean war.
3. Opposition to colonialism
India strongly supported freedom movements in Asia and Africa against the formerly colonial powers UK,
France which were part of western bloc.
India opposed the British policy of Suez intervention, USAs Phillipines policy, Frances Vietnam policy.
However, Hungary fiasco blemished Indias record.
4. Policy of cooperation
Being newly independent country, India maintained cooperation with both the blocs as it was imperative to
solve the challenges before the nation.
It received aid from both the blocs.
5. Respect for international law and UN

Despite unfavourable resolution of Kashmir in 1949 due to the hegemony of western bloc, India decided to
respect it.
It was a delicate balancing act template which is relevant even today.
Q.2) With great skill and masterful diplomacy and using both persuasion and pressure, Sardar
Vallabhbhai Patel succeeded in integrating hundreds of princely states with the Indian Union. Discuss.
This is an oft-repeated question, and dont forget to include V.P Menon and give names of the important states
which made trouble.
The Top Answer for this question is written by Santhosh Venkatesh

Ans) Sardar Patels role in the integration of princely states was in some ways similar to Bismarck of Germany.
After Independence the Princely states were given a choice to join either of two dominions of India and Pakistan.
Sardar Patel was not in favour of forced annexation as communal violence was possible. Hence as a first step he
used diplomacy and appealed to the patriotic feeling of princely states rulers .He asked them to join the Indian
dominion by signing the Instrument of Accession in the matters of defence, communication and external affairs
which were area that fell under paramountcy of crown. To ensure their continued cooperation each ruler was
offered a Privy Purse.
Although Sardar Patel was the prime force behind the integration of princely states the role of VP Menon
secretary of Ministry of states and Lord Mountbatten cannot be undermined. While Mountbatten used the two
nation theory itself to get Jaisalmer and Jodhpur acceded to India, VP Menon aided Patel in integration of
Junagadh, Kashmir and Hyderabad. In Junagadh, Hyderabad and Kashmir plebiscite, Military action and
Instrument of accession were used respectively to integrate these princely states to India.
Hence Sardar Patel along with VP Menon and Lord Mountbatten made use of ground realities, diplomacy and
timely intervention by force to integrate hundreds of princely states in a timely manner.
Q.3) The Temples of Modern India consisted not only of steel and power plants, irrigation canals and
dams, but also included institutions of higher learning, especially in the scientific field. Elaborate.

Ans) Immediately after independence, India was a chaos. There was virtually no industry in steel and power
considered the lifeline of any nation. Agriculture was inefficient and productivity inadequate. Literacy was a mere
12%. With this backdrop, Jawaharlal Nehru went about building the temples of modern India.
1. The Maharatna PSUs covered the trinity of coal, power and steel and provided large scale employment
2. Massive dams added to Indias deficient power infrastructure. Canals ensured irrigation to drylands.
Institutes of higher learning established after independence form the third type of temples. Their significance is
often understated. They were setup to improve Indias poor literacy numbers and make the country self-reliant in
SnT in long run. Nehru realized very early that Indias socio-economic development was impossible without
providing a solid foundation for education, research and advanced learning. A skilled labor was critical for India to
move from primary to secondary and tertiary activities.
IITs, IIMs, central universities produced an enviable class of researchers, engineers, doctors and policy makers
now known world over. The present service sector in India owes a lot to these institutes.
Through advanced research organizations like IISc, BARC, and DRDO India made rapid strides in the field of
Science as well. Recent success of ISRO in space technology fully proves this point.
Q.4) Discuss the objectives of Bhoodan and Gramdan movements initiated by Acharya Vinobha Bhave.
How far these movements could succeed?

Ans) Bhoodan and gramdan movement hold a significant place in the history of land reforms. These were
initiated by Acharya Vinobha Bhave based on the Gandhian principles of trusteeship. The main objective of these
movements were:
1. Land reforms through movement rather than legislation
2. Social transformation by creating a sense of social responsibility.
The movement first began as bhoodan movement and later took the form of gramdan movement. Initially the
movement was highly successful and received land in considerable numbers. However, very soon it lost its
momentum. Moreover, the land which was received was of poor quality unfit to be cultivated. Its usefulness was
limited to those villages which had not developed class differentiation.
Despite these shortcomings, following can be said to be the success of these movements:
1. It was first movement which aimed at land reforms through social means than legislation.
2. Trusteeship model used was a creative idea in attempting land reforms.
3. Rather than tangible outcomes, it have country a positive atmosphere towards this pressing issue of land.
Thus, these movements, despite failure in achieving actual land reforms, gave much intangible benefits to India.
Q.5) Write a critical note on the evolution and significance of the slogan Jai Jawan Jai Kisan.
The criticality of this question had its basis in the OROP and farmer suicides issue. So we made this question
with that background, and anyone who can integrate Current Affairs with History would surely get outstanding
marks.
The Top Answer for this question is written by Ramdas

Ans) This slogan rightly demonstrates the importance of armed forces and agriculture to the national security of
our nation.
Evolution
1. This slogan was first coined by our 2nd PM Lal Bahadur Shashtri during 1965.
2. Reasons were two fold.
3. After suffering debacle from China in 1962, their morale had suffered. PMs slogan motivated them to
prepare for 1965 war against Pakistan.
4. The country was suffering from prolonged droughts and severe foodgrain shortage. This created
dependence on foreign nation(e.g. US food aid PL480) which compromised strategic autonomy in our
foreign policy. Green revolution had been launched and Farmers were needed to be motivated.
5. Since then this slogan has become popular.
Significance
1. Indian defence forces not only could successfully repel Pakistani attack but also showed extraordinary
valour to capture territories inside Pakistan
2. Green revolution succeeded and country soon became sufficient in food production.
3. This slogan also motivated armed forces during subsequent wars of 1971, 1999
Current significance:
Amid the tussle over OROP, this slogan will go a long way to assure jawans of nations committment to
their cause.
Amid the drought and farmer suicides in Marathwada, North Karnataka, etc, slogan can at least provide
psychological support to the distressed farmers
iasbaba.com
http://iasbaba.com/2015/09/think-learn-perform-tlp-upsc-gs-mains-day-16/
Think, Learn & Perform (TLP) UPSC GS Mains [Day 16]

IAS
baba
Read Below for NEW REGULATIONS!!

Archives
Weekly Plans
Day 16 Executive and Judiciary, GS 2
Note- Click on the Questions to write answers. Password TLP2015

Word Limit- 220
From now onward we will follow these guidelines for sustainable run of this initiative.
For every question we will try our best to review ONE BEST ANSWER and ONE NOT SO GOOD
Why ONE BEST- So that for everyone it act as reference for improvement.
Why ONE NOT SO GOOD So that others can realize and correct their mistakes
For everyone to get reviews we have zeroed on following scheme of reference:
Marking Scheme
If
7/10
Best Answer
Within Word Limit
Brilliant Structure & writing style along with super content
This is the answer, others have to look for as a bench mark other than our Synopsis and Review
6/10
Very Good answer
A bit of improvement is required
Do look for this answer for additional points and different approach if any
5/10
Decent Answer
Word Limit Exceeded
Some improvement in structure but content wise very good

3-4/10
Poor answer/average
Word Limit Exceeded
Needs lot of improvement
1-2/10
Very Poor answer/below average
Structure wise, content wise, writing style wise
Q.1) Although, the Constitution very well enshrined the tenet of direct parliamentary control of the executive, the
last decade was testimony to the limitations of parliament to check executive corruption. Do you agree?
Elaborate.
.1) ,
?
Q.2) Present your views on the need and suitability of the proposed Judicial Appointment Commission. Do you
think that the proposed body for appointing SC and HC judges undermines judicial independence? Discuss
2) SC
HC ?
Q.3) The Judicial Standards and Accountability Bill tries to lay down enforceable standards of conduct for judges.
Mention the important provisions of the bill. How far can the provisions of the bill ensure judicial accountability?
Critically examine.
3)

?
Q.4) In the light of the recent SC judgements directly or indirectly affecting the provisions of the Representation of
the Peoples Act, analyse the impact of these judgements on the Indian polity and on the relationship between the
judiciary and the executive.
4)

Q.5) The role of individual Members of Parliament(MP) has diminished over the years and as a result healthy
constructive debates on policy issues are not usually witnessed. How far can this be attributed to the antidefection law, which was legislated, but with a different intention? (2013 Mains GS 2)
5) ( )
, , ?

TLP PRNT PDF

Transféré par

Informations du document

Description originale:

Titre original

Copyright

Formats disponibles

Partager ce document

Partager ou intégrer le document

Options de partage

Avez-vous trouvé ce document utile ?

Ce contenu est-il inapproprié ?

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

TLP PRNT PDF

Transféré par

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

Think, Learn & Perform (TLP) Synopsis Day 1 | IASbaba

Think, Learn & Perform

Must Refer Comprehensive Mains Strategy

Day 1 Art, Literature and

Q.1) Architecture traditionally, i.e., before the

gatherings and were not much of practical use.

Think, Learn & Perform (TLP) Synopsis Day 1 | IASbaba

An analysis of this phenomenon was required. But,

Temple architecture began during Gupta period,

mausoleums, arches which re ected their

Budhha and Jaina followers.

Think, Learn & Perform (TLP) Synopsis Day 1 | IASbaba

served many other purposes, but not all of them.

Q.2) Hindi is a direct descendant of the Sanskrit

Think, Learn & Perform (TLP) Synopsis Day 1 | IASbaba

b) Bhaktikal Period between 14th century-17th

Buddhism,Prakrit for Jainism and Apabhramsa as

languages.During Bhakti movement new form of

contribution during late 19th century. He is called

Think, Learn & Perform (TLP) Synopsis Day 1 | IASbaba

contribution during late 19th century. He is called

Think, Learn & Perform (TLP) Synopsis Day 1 | IASbaba

books were published in Hindi like the Calcutta

Q.3) Besides entertainment, puppetry serves as

messages and stories, thus creating a more moral

Think, Learn & Perform (TLP) Synopsis Day 1 | IASbaba

pullers and often

movement. eg, Neel Darpan.

Q.4) The dance-drama of Kerala, Kathakali which

Think, Learn & Perform (TLP) Synopsis Day 1 | IASbaba

story-play. Enumerate the various classical dance

Think, Learn & Perform (TLP) Synopsis Day 1 | IASbaba

Both dances uses costumes of bright colours.

Think, Learn & Perform (TLP) Synopsis Day 1 | IASbaba

postures, a Kathakali dancer emphasizes on their

emotions. Here body movements are speci cally

Q.5) Indian pottery has an ancient tradition dating

The answer for this question must contain the

Think, Learn & Perform (TLP) Synopsis Day 1 | IASbaba

The Top Answer goes to Silverlining and Baboi

Think, Learn & Perform (TLP) Synopsis Day 1 | IASbaba

Think, Learn & Perform (TLP) Synopsis Day 2 | IASbaba

Think, Learn & Perform

Must Refer Comprehensive Mains Strategy

Day 2 The Constitution, Comparison and Features

Q.1) Critically examine the extent to which the

Think, Learn & Perform (TLP) Synopsis Day 2 | IASbaba

The Top Answer for this question is written by

Implementation of these requires political will that

accountability of the implementing agencies, there is a

implementing the objectives of the DPSPs rather than

Think, Learn & Perform (TLP) Synopsis Day 2 | IASbaba

implementing the objectives of the DPSPs rather than

Q.2) Fundamental duties are only ethical or moral

So, covering thes two dimensions would be more than

Fundamental duties therefore act as an implicit

Think, Learn & Perform (TLP) Synopsis Day 2 | IASbaba

Fundamental duties therefore act as an implicit

enshrined in the Indian Constitution. How far are

sometimes,especially after introduction of economic

Think, Learn & Perform (TLP) Synopsis Day 2 | IASbaba

liberalization. In pursuance of liberalism government is