Bao Phan

02/23/2015

ME 322
HOMEWORK 5
Problem 12.15:
Given: Sketched in Figure are the upstream [section (1)] and
downstream [section (2)] velocity triangles at the arithmetic mean
radius for flow through an axial-flow turbomachine rotor. The axial
component of velocity is 50 ft/s at sections (1) and (2).

Find:
Label each velocity vector appropriately. Use V for absolute
velocity, W for relative velocity, and U for blade velocity.
Are you dealing with a turbine or a fan?
Calculate the work per unit mass involved.
Sketch a reasonable blade section. Do you think that the actual
blade exit angle will need to be less or greater than 15 ? Why?
Solution:
Velocity diagram of the flow at the entrance and exit of the blade
U

W1

W2

V
1

U
2

From the diagram, the absolute velocity of the flow at the exit
has changed its direction downward along with the blade velocity
compare to itself at the entrance. Therefore, the work is done on the
fluid so the device is a fan.
The work per unit mass:

Bao Phan
02/23/2015
w=U 2 V 2U 1 V 1
Continue problem 12.15
where absolute velocity:
V axial
50
V 1=
=
=51.76
cos ( 15 ) cos (15 )
V 1=

ft/s

V axial
50
=
=57.73 ft/s
cos ( 30 ) cos (30 )

tangential component of absolute velocity:

V 1=V 1 sin ( 15 )=13.39 ft/s
V 2=V 2 sin ( 30 )=28.8 ft/s
and the blade velocity:
U 1=U 2 =V 1+|V 2|=42.2 ft/s
Hence,

w=U 2 V 2U 1 V 1 =1780.4

ft2/s2

Blade section:
Blade entrance angle:
1 U 1 +V 1
1=tan
=48.03
V axial

48.03

15

The actual blade exit has to less than 15 for being

able to achieve the required flow angle which is 15 . If the
blade angle is greater than 15 , the fluid from the exit will have
larger flow angle due to the boundary layer generated on the blade
surface.

Bao Phan
02/23/2015

Problem 12.19
Given: A centrifugal water pump having an impeller diameter of 0.5 m
operates at 900 rpm. The water enters the pump parallel to the pump
shaft.
Find: If the exit blade angle, 2 is 25 , determine the shaft power
required to turn the impeller when the flow through the pump is 0.16
m3/s. The uniform blade height is 50 mm.
Solution:
Power required by the shaft:
=T shalf
W
Since, T shalf = Q(r 2 V 2r 1 V 1)
so T shalf = Q r 2 V 2

and

V 1=0

Q
cot 2
2 r2 b 2
0.16 m 3
0.5 m
900 rpm
s
V 2=
(2 )

cot 25 =19.19 m/s

2
60 s /min
0.5 m
2
0.05 m
2

where

V 2=U 2V r 2 cot 2=r 2

T shalf =

999 kg 0.16 m3
3
s
m

)(

)( 0.52m ) V

=766.96

=T shalf (2 N ) = T shalf ( 2 ) 900 rpm

W
60 s /min

W =72284.03W =72.3 kW

Hence,

Nm

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02/23/2015

Problem 12.25:
Given: The performance characteristics of a certain centrifugal pump
having a 9-in.-diameter impeller and operating at 1750 rpm are
determined. The following data were obtained during a series of tests
in which z2 z1 = 0, V2 = V1, and the fluid was water.

Find: Based on these data, show or plot how the actual head rise, ha,
and the pump efficiency, , vary with the flow rate. What is the
design flow rate for this pump?
Solution:
Actual head rise:
Energy balanced equation:
2
p1 V 1
p2 V 2 2
+
+z = +
+ z h
2g 1 2g 2 a
Since z2 z1 = 0, V2 = V1
2 2

( )

( p 2 p1 )
ha =

12
2
ft

Pump efficiency:
Q

Q ha

550
W

[ ftlb f ]
s
hp

100 =

2 2

( )

0.133681 ft
12
p2 p1 )
(
2
gal
ft

550
W

[ ftlb f ]
s
hp

(100 )

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02/23/2015
As a result:
( p2 p1 )
Q(gpm)
(psi)

(hp)
W

20

40.2

1.58

40

40.1

2.27

60

38.1

2.67

80

36.2

2.95

100

33.5

3.19

120

30.1

3.49

140

25.8

ha (ft)

92.769230
77
92.538461
54
87.923076
92
83.538461
54
77.307692
31
69.461538
46
59.538461
54

29.683642
99
41.218932
93
49.943986
27
57.265727
11
61.259346
82
60.372693
56
52.675175
13

Continue problem 12.25

Plot of the actual head rise, ha, and the pump efficiency,
vary with the flow rate:

head rise and efficiency of

the centrifugal pump

"

"

The design flow rate occurs at the highest efficiency, and the
highest efficiency is about 63%. Therefore, the design flow rate is
about 110gpm.

Bao Phan
02/23/2015

Problem 12.30:
Given: Water at 40 C is pumped from an open tank through 200 m
of 50-mm-diameter smooth horizontal pipe as shown in Figure and
discharges into the atmosphere with a velocity of 3 m/s.

Assumption: Minor losses are negligible.

Find:
If the efficiency of the pump is 70%, how much power is being
supplied to the pump?
What is the NPSHA at the pump inlet? Neglect losses in the short
section of pipe connecting the pump to the tank. Assume
standard atmospheric pressure.
Solution:

Bao Phan
02/23/2015

1
2

Power supplied to the pump:

= Pf
W

where power gained by fluid:

Pf =Q h a

for the actual rise head:

Energy balanced equation:
p1 V 12
p2 V 2 2
+
+z = +
+ z h +h
2g 1 2g 2 a f
since

p1= p2=V 1 =z2 =0

V 2
fl V 22
ha = 2 z 1+
2g
2 gD
as f =0.0153 for
V2 D
3(0.05)
5
=
=
=2.2710
7

6.5810

2
3m 2
( 0.0153 )( 200 m ) 3 m
s
s
ha =
3 m+
=25.53 m
9.81 m
9.81 m
2
2
( 0.05 m )
s2
s2
Continue problem 12.30

( )

( )

So,

Pf = V 2 A ha = 9.731103

N
3
m

() 3sm ) 4 ( 0.05 m ) 25.53 m=1459 W

2

Hence,
= 1459 W =2084 W =2.08 kW
W
0.7
The net positive suction head available (NPSHA) at the pump
inlet:

Bao Phan
02/23/2015

N
N
7.376103 2
2
p
p
m
m
NPSH A = atm + z1 =
+3 m

N
N
9.731103 3
9.731103 3
m
m
10110 3

NPSH A =12.6 m

Problem 12.35:
Given: A centrifugal pump having a 6 in diameter impeller and the
characteristics shown in Figure is to be used to pump gasoline through
4000 ft of commercial steel 3 in diameter pipe. The pipe connects two
reservoirs having open surfaces at the same elevation.
1

2
Pum
p

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02/23/2015

Find: Determine the flow rate. Is this pump a good choice? Explain
Solution:
Energy balanced equation:
p1 V 1 2
p2 V 2 2
+
+z = +
+ z h +h
2g 1 2g 2 p f
p1= p2=V 1 =V 2=z 1z 2=0
l V2
h p =hf =f
D 2g
3
12
1 ft

since
( 2]

4

Q Q
V= =
A
where,

( )

Bao Phan
02/23/2015
12
1 ft

3
4000 ft
h p =f

Continue problem 12.35

for Reynolds number:
=

and

VD
=

20.382Q

4.9106

4
=5.810
D

As a result,
Q(gpm)
Q(ft3/s)
0
0
0.0891203
40
7
0.1782407
80
41
0.2673611
120
11
0.3564814
160
82
0.4456018
200
52
0.5347222
240
22

( 123 ) ft =1.0410 Q
2

ft
s

Re
0
92685.185
22
185370.37
04
278055.55
56
370740.74
09
463425.92
61
556111.11
13

f
0
0.0208
0.0193
0.0187
0.0184
0.0182
0.0181

hp(ft)
0
17.051089
06
63.285772
87
137.96626
39
241.33849
14
372.99257
33
534.15815
55

10

Bao Phan
02/23/2015

11

System curve

The intersection of the system curve with the pump having

a 6 in diameter impeller head curve give that,
Q 160 gpm
Since the efficiency at this flow rate is about 60%, this
pump is a good choice

Problem 12.37:
Given: A centrifugal pump having the characteristics shown in Figure is
used to pump water between two large open tanks through 100 ft of 8in.-diameter pipe. The pipeline contains four regular flanged 90
elbows, a check valve, and a fully open globe valve.

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02/23/2015

12

Assumption: Other minor losses are negligible. The friction factor f =

0.02 for the 100-ft section of pipe.
Find: If the static head (difference in height of fluid surfaces in the two
tanks) is 30 ft, what is the expected flow rate? Do you think this pump
is a good choice? Explain.
Solution:
Energy balanced equation:
p1 V 1 2
p2 V 2 2
+
+z = +
+ z h +h
2g 1 2g 2 p f
p1= p2=V 1 =V 2=0z1 z2 =30 ft
KL
l
f +

h p =30 ft +h f =30 ft +
where,

[(

100 ft
h p =30 ft + 0.02
+ ( 4 )( 0.3 )+10+ 2
8
ft
12

Continue problem 12.37

[ ( )]
Q
8
ft
4 12

](

2 32.2

ft
s2

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02/23/2015

13

3 2

( )

Q ft
h p =30 ft +2.06
s

the system equation:

h p =30 ft +1.02105 ( Q gpm )2

System curve

The intersection of the system curve with the pump head

curve give that,
Q 1700 gpm
Since the efficiency at this flow rate is near peak efficiency,
this pump is a good choice

Problem 12.43:

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02/23/2015

14

Given: A centrifugal pump with a 12-in.-diameter impeller requires a

power input of 60 hp when the flow rate is 3200 gpm against a 60-ft
head. The impeller is changed to one with a 10-in. diameter.
Find: Determine the expected flow rate, head, and input power if the
pump speed remains the same.
Solution:
d 1=12
d 2=10

Qd =3200 gpm

had =60 ft

If the pump speed remains the same,

the expected flow rate: Q d 3
Qd
d 3
= 1
So,
Qd
d2

( )
( ) ( )
1

d2 3
10 3
Qd =
3200 gpm
Qd =
d1
12
Qd =1852 gpm
2

the expected head: ha d2

had
d1 2
=
So,
had
d2

( )
( ) ( )
1

d2 2
10 2
had =
60 ft
d1
12
had =41.7 ft

had =
2

d 5
the expected input power: W
5
d
W
d1
So, =
d2
Wd

( )
( ) ( )
1

d2 5
10 5

W
=
W
=
60 hp

d
d
d1
12
d =24.11 hp
W
2

d =60 hp
W
1