Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Dictionary reference list used at http://bhagavata.org to the file that was loaded from:
sacred-texts.com and has been extended with definitions of the Monier-Williams
dictionary (indicated with an *=) and the ISKCON Vedabase (marked*V) and (partly)
adapted to the transliteration used at srimadbhagavatam.org (see also http://www.unikoeln.de/phil-fak/indologie/tamil/mwreport.html mwreport.html or the html-version).
Transliteration functions:
n with ~= J or n'; n with an accent is a G; A = aa or , I = ii or , U= uu or , T= th, z=s'
(alphabetically in this list positioned as sh), M=m/n (with dot), H=h (ha), N= n, 4=
stressed in pronunciation, S (s with lower dot)=sh, R= ri (the original list this list began
with sometimes spells the s' or z as sh, thus creating confusion on the spelling of the s
with a above; but this is not so for words from the MW dictionary with a *= behind
them). Apart from the transcription of Devangar letters care has to be taken of accents,
Udtta and Svarita, both represented by the digit 4. Furthermore in MW entries the
indication of vowel sandhi ("blending of short and long vowels'') by circumflex is

represented here by the number 7 if placed above a single vowel and by 9 if spanning two
vowels. The (rare) combination of two separate vowels in MW is represented by adding
the number 0 to the second vowel.
See here for a list of the abreviations used.
Updated: see bottom of the page (check for regular updates)

A
AUM = Primordial Sound
OMkaara = the syllable om
a = not
aa *= from all sides, up to, even, until, up to the limit, not, all over,
aa+ghraa = to smell
aa+char.h = to practice
aa+yaa = to come
aa+ruh.h = to climb

aaudau = in the beginning

aauM-kaara = the sound AUM
aaH = to sit
aabda = year
aabdaphala = yearly prognostication, also varshhaphala
aabhaa* =1 P. {-bhAti} (Impv. 2. sg. {A4-bhAhi} RV.; pf. {-babhau}) to shine or blaze
towards RV. AV.; to irradiate, outshine, illumine RV. AV. TB. BhP.; to appear, become
visible or apparent BhP. MBh. Hariv. Rjat. &c.; to look like Kaths. MBh. &c.
aa-bhaa* =2 f. splendour, light; a flash; colour, appearance, beauty MBh. Mn. Sus'r.
Pacat. &c.; a reflected image, outline; likeness, resemblance MBh. R.; (mfn.) ifc. like,
resembling, appearing R. Kvya7d. S'is'. &c. (e.g. {hemA7bha}, shining like gold); [cf.
Hib. {avibh}, `" likeness, similitude "'; {avibe}, `" neatness, elegance "'; {avibhcal}, `" a
spark of fire "' ?] [145,2]
aabhaasha * = m. speech, talking ; addressing R. ; a saying, proverb ; introduction,
preface L.
aabhaasa * = m. splendour, light R. Veda1ntas. 195 ; colour, appearance R. Sus3r.
Bhag. ; semblance, phantom, phantasm of the imagination ; mere appearance, fallacious
appearance Veda1ntas. S3a1n3khS3r. ; reflection ; intention, purpose ; (in log.) fallacy,
semblance of a reason, sophism, an erroneous though plausible argument (regarded by
logicians as of various kind) ; ifc. looking like, having the mere appearance of a thing

Gaut. Sa1h. &c.

aabhri * = P. {-bha4rati} (pf. {A4-jabhAra} RV.; aor. P. sg. {A74bhArSam} RV. &c.) to
bring towards or near; to carry or fetch; to effect, produce RV. AV. VS. S'Br. &c.; to fill
up, fill, attract (one's attention) BhP
aabrahmabhuvanaat.h = up to the Brahmaloka planet
aabhaj * = P. (Impv. 2. sg. %{A4-bhaja}; pf. %{A4-babhAja}; aor. Subj. 2. sg. %{A4bhAg} RV. viii, 69, 8) A1. (Impv. 2. sg. %{A4-bhajasva}, &c.) to cause to share or
partake; to help any one to anything, let any one have anything RV. AV. AitBr. S3Br. &c.;
to revere, respect BhP.: Caus. (Impv. 2. sg. %{-bhAjayasva}) to cause to partake Comm.
on Br2A1rUp. i, 3, 18.
aabhajanIya * = mfn. id. Sa1y. on RV.
aabharaNaM = ornaments
aabharaNam.h = (n) ornaments, jewellery
aabhaa = color
aabhaasaM = the original source * =
aabhaasa * = m. splendour, light R. Veda1ntas. 195; colour, appearance R. Sus3r. Bhag.;
semblance, phantom, phantasm of the imagination; mere appearance, fallacious
appearance Veda1ntas. S3a1n3khS3r.; reflection; intention, purpose; (in log.) fallacy,
semblance of a reason, sophism, an erroneous though plausible argument (regarded by

logicians as of various kind); ifc. looking like, having the mere appearance of a thing
Gaut. Sa1h. &c.
aabhaasha m. speech, talking ; addressing R. ; a saying, proverb ; introduction, preface
L.
aabhaashya * = 1 mfn. to be addressed, worthy of being spoken to or conversed with
MBh. Ragh. \\2 ind. p. having addressed, having spoken to.
aabhaasvara* = mfn. (Pn. 3-2, 175) shining, bright L.; m. N. of a class of deities,
sixtyfour in number; N. of a particular set of twelve subjects ({AtmA jJAtA damo dAntaH
zAntir jJAnaM zamas tapaH kAmaH krodho mado moho dvAdazA7bhAsvarA ime} T.)
aabhaata* = mfn. shining, blazing; appearing, visible MBh. Mn. &c.
aabhijaatya *= n. (fr. %{abhi-jAta}) , noble birth , nobility R. BhP. ; learning ,
scholarship L. ; beauty T.
aabhiikshNa * = mfn. (fr. {abhIkSNa}), repeated, frequent L.; ({am}) n. continued
repetition.
aabhUka* = mfn. empty, having no contents; powerless.
aabhuuta* = mfn. produced, existing.
aachar.h = to behave, interact
aaca* = m. N. of a man Rjat.; see {Aca-parAca} and {Aco7paca} ss.vv.

aacaksh * = A1. %{-caSTe} (Pot. 2. sg. %{-cakSIthAs} ; perf. %{-cacakSe}) to look at,
inspect RV. vii, 34, 10 ; to tell, relate, make a communication about (acc.), announce,
declare, make known, confess TS. vii S3Br. &c. ; to acquaint, introduce to (acc.) MBh.
xiii, 1986 R. ; to address any one (acc.) Das3. ; to call, name S3Br. A1s3vGr2. &c. ; to
signify Pa1n2. Sch.
aacar* = {-carati}, to come near to (acc.), approach RV.; to lead hither (as a path) TS. ii
[131,3]; to address, apply to (acc.) Pacat.; to proceed, manage, behave one's self. RPrt.
Mn. ii, 110, &c.; to use, apply p. RPrt.; to examine (a witness) Mn. viii, 102, &c.; (with
or without {saha}) to have intercourse with ChUp. Mn. xi, 180; to act, undertake, do,
exercise, practise, perform MundUp. Mn. (v, 22 impf. {A7carat}, `" has done it "') MBh.
&c.; to throw into the fire KtyS'r.
aacaara * = m. (ifc. f. {A} Yj. i, 87, &c.) conduct, manner of action, behaviour, good
behaviour, good conduct Mn. MBh. &c.; custom, practice, usage, traditional or
immemorial usage (as the foundation of law) ib.; an established rule of conduct,
ordinance, institute, precept; a rule or line MBh. iii, 166; = {AcArika} below Sus'r.; (with
Buddhists) agreeing with what is taught by the teacher Sarvad.; ({I}) f. the plant
Hingtsha Repens L.
aacara* = see {dur-Aca4ra}.
aacaara* = &c. see {A-car}.
acarama * mfn. not last, not least; said of the Maruts RV. v, 58, 5.
aacaraNa * = n. approaching, arrival (as of the dawn) RV. i, 48, 3; undertaking,

practising, performing Kd. Sh.; conduct, behaviour Vedntas., (cf. {sv-Ac-}); a cart,
carriage ChUp. (m. Comm.)
aacarataH = acting
aacarati = he does
aacaraan.h = performing
aacaaraH = behavior
aacaarya = a religious teacher
aacaarya(H) = (Masc.nom.S)teacher; preceptor
aacaaryaM = the teacher
aacaaryaaH = teachers
aacaaryaan.h = teachers
aacaaryopaasanaM = approaching a bona fide spiritual master
aacchaadakam.h = (n) covering sheet, chaddar
aacit* =1 (Impv. 2. sg. {-cikiddhi}; perf. 3. sg. {-ciketa}) to attend to, keep in mind RV.;
(Subj. 1. sg. {-ciketam}; perf. 3. sg. {-ciketa}, p. m. nom. {-cikitvA4n}) to comprehend,
understand, know RV. AV. v, 1, 2; to invent RV. viii, 9, 7; (Subj. {-cetat} or {-ci4ketat};

perf. . 3. pl. {-cikitre} or {-cikitrire}) to appear, become visible, distinguish one's self
RV.: Desid. (1. pl. {-cikitsAmas}) to wait for, watch clandestinely, lurk RV. viii, 91, 3. \\
=2 {t} f. attention to (gen.) RV. vii, 65, 1
aada * = mfn. ifc. taking, receiving (cf. %{dAyA7da4}.)
aadadi * = mfn. procuring RV. viii, 46, 8, obtaining, recovering RV. i, 127, 6 ; ii, 24, 13.
aadaana = taking
aadaara * =N. of a plant that can be substituted for the Soma.
aadaa * = 1. A1. %{-datte}, (Pa1n2. 1-3, 20), ep. also rarely P. (e.g. 1. sg. %{-dadmi}, or
%{-dadAmi}), Ved. generally A1. [Pot. 1. pl. %{-dadImahi} [136,3] ; impf. 3. sg. %
{A7datta} ; perf. 1. and 3. sg. %{-dade} ; perf. p. %{-dadAna4} RV. iv, 19, 9, or %{da4dAna} RV. x, 18, 9 AV.], but also P. (impf. sg. %{A7dam}, %{A7das}, %{A7dat}, and
1. pl. %{A7dAma} aor. 3. du. %{A7ttAm} VS. xxi, 43) `" to give to one's self "', take,
accept, receive from (loc. instr. or abl.) RV. &c. ; to seize, take away, carry off, rob ib. ; to
take back, reclaim Mn. viii, 222 seq. ; to take off or out from (abl.), separate from (abl.)
RV. i, 139, 2, &c. ; to take or carry away with one's self, KenaUp. (Pot. P. 1. sg. %{dadIyam@}!) Mn. ix, 92 MBh. ; to seize, grasp, take or catch hold of RV. &c. ; to put on
(clothes) RV. ix, 96, 1 S3vetUp. ; to take as food or drink (with gen.) RV. viii, 72, 17 and
(perf. Pass. 3. sg. %{-dade}) 19, 31 ; (with acc.) Ragh. ii, 6 ; to undertake, begin BhP. &c.
; to choose (a path) R. Ragh. iii, 46 ; (with %{vacanam} &c.) to begin to speak MBh. &c. ;
to begin to speak or to recite Ta1n2d2yaBr. La1t2y. (cf. %{punar-AdAyam}) ; to offer (as
oblations) Mun2d2Up. (irreg. pr. p. %{-dadAyat}) ; to perceive, notice, feel MBh. 4.
Ra1jat. ; to keep in mindN. ; to accept, approve of MBh. v, 7324 R. Ma1lav.: Caus. (ind.

p. %{-dApya}) to cause one to take S3a1n3khS3r.: Desid. A1. (impf. 3. pl. %

{A74ditsanta}) to be on the point of taking or carrying away from (gen.) TS. i ; to be on
the point of taking (the hand of) Das3. ; to be about to take to one's self Hcar.\\ 4. P. %
{A4-dyati}, to bind on, fasten to AV.
aadadi * = mfn. procuring RV. viii, 46, 8, obtaining, recovering RV. i, 127, 6; ii, 24, 13.
aadara * = respect, regard, notice; care, trouble Pacat. Hit. Ragh. Kir. &c.; {AdaraM-}
1. {kR}, to exert or interest one's self for; {AdareNa} and {AdarAt} adv. respectfully;
carefully, zealously.
aadaraH = (m) respect *= m. respect , regard , notice ; care , trouble Pan5cat. Hit.
Ragh. Kir. &c. ; %{AdaraM-} 1. %{kR} , to exert or interest one's self for ; %{AdareNa}
and %{AdarAt} adv. respectfully ; carefully , zealously.
aadarshaH = (m) ideal
aadatte = accepts
aadau = First (see aadi)
aadhara- * = of the lower position of something, of its foundation mfn. * = ifc.
supportable, tenable (cf. %{dur-}); see also adhara
aadhaara- m. support, prop, stay, substratum; the power of sustaining, or the support
given, aid, patronage AV. xii, 3, 48 MBh. Sus3r. Veda1ntas. &c.; that which contains (a
fluid &c.), a vessel, receptacle Ya1jn5. Sus3r. Pan5cat. &c.; a dike, dam Ragh.; a basin
round the foot of a tree L.; a reservoir, pond L.; (in phil. and Gr.) comprehension,

location, the sense of the locative case; ifc. belonging or relating to; the subject in a
sentence (of which qualities &c. are affirmed); N. of a lake; of an author.
aaDhyaH = wealthy
aadhi * =1 m. (for 2. see p. 139, col. 2) a receptacle BhP. xi, 13, 33; place, situation L.;
foundation Nyyam.; a pledge, deposit, pawn, mortgage RV. Mn. Yj. [138, 3]; hire,
rent p.; an attribute, title, epithet (cf. {upA7dhi}) L.
aadhi * =2 m. thought, care, anxious reflection, mental agony, anxiety, pain TS. MBh.
Yj. &c.; reflection on religion or duty L.; hope, expectation L.; misfortune L.; a man
solicitous for his family's livelihood L.
aadhii * =1 (cf. {A-dhyai}; according to Dhtup. xxiv, 68 Pn. 6-1, 6, &c., {-dIdhI}), P.
(Subj. 3. pl. {A4-dIdhayan}) to mind, care for RV. vii, 7, 6: . (Subj. 2. sg. {A4dIdhIthAs}) to meditate on, think about, care for, wish for AV. viii, 1, 8, &c.; (p. aor. {dhI4SamANa} mfn. RV. x, 26, 6) to wish for, long for.
aadhii * =2 f. (for 1. {A-dhI} see under {A-dhA}), eagerness, longing, care RV. AV. &c.
aadhii4 *= 2 f. (for 1. {A-dhI} see under {A-dhA}), eagerness, longing, care RV. AV. &c.
aaDi* = f. (= {Ati4} q.v.) N. of an aquatic bird MrkP.
aadi*= 1 m. beginning, commencement; a firstling, first-fruits; ifc. beginning with, et
caetera, and so on (e.g. %{indrA7dayaH@surAH}, the gods beginning with Indra i.e.
Indra &c.; %{gRhA7diyukta}, possessed of houses &c.; %{evamAdIni@vastUni}, such
things and others of the same kind: %{zayyA@khaTvA7dih} [Comm. on Pa1n2. 3-3, 99],

S3ayya1 means a bed &c.; often with %{-ka} at the end e.g. %{dAnadharmA7dikam}
[Hit.], liberality, justice, &c.); %{Adau} ind. in the beginning, at first.\\= 2 mfn.
beginning with %{A} Ra1matUp.
aadibhiH = by those
aadidevaM = the original Lord
aadidevaH = the original Supreme God
aadii*= 2. (3. sg. impf. %{A74dIdet} RV. i, 149, 3; 3. sg. aor. %{A4-dIdayat} RV. ii, 4, 3)
to shine upon, enlighten.
aadii* = 2. (3. sg. impf. {A74dIdet} RV. i, 149, 3; 3. sg. aor. {A4-dIdayat} RV. ii, 4, 3) to
shine upon, enlighten.
aadiM = the origin
aadiH = the origin
aadi-s'arIra * = n. the primitive body MBh.; (in phil. = {sUkSma-} L.)
aadi-s'aabdika * = [NBD.] m. an old grammarian.
aadI7s'vara * = m. N. of a prince.
aadiishvara = the primeval lord, a name of Shiva

aa-dis'ya * = ind. p. aiming at MBh.; announcing, teaching Ragh. xii, 68; having said L.
aa-dis' * = 1 P. {-dide4STi} [Subj. 3. sg. {-didezati} AV. vi, 6, 2, &c.], {-diza4ti} [3. pl. {dizanti} Impv. 2. sg. {-diza} impf. 1. sg. {A7dizam}, &c.], rarely {-dizate} [BhP. viii, 24,
51] inf. {-di4ze} [RV. ix, 21, 5] and {-deSTum} (aor. 3. sg. {A7dikSat} [Bhathth. iii, 3 see
Pn. 3-1, 45] fut. 1. pl. {-dekSyAmaH}, perf. {-dideza}) to aim at, have in view; to
threaten RV. ix, 21, 5, &c. AV. [137, 3]; to hit RV. ix, 56, 1; to assign RV. ii, 41, 17, &c. AV.
BhP. R. Ragh. &c.; to point out, indicate; to report, announce, teach ChUp. iii, 18, 1 BhP.
MBh. R. Ragh. &c.; to determine, specify, denominate S'Br. iii, 5, 8 S'nkhS'r. Lthy.
BhP. AitBr. &c.; to declare, foretell, Ratnv. Mlav. &c.; to order, direct, command
Gobh. s'vGri. Mn. MBh. BhP. Kaths. &c.; to refer any one to (loc.); to banish MBh.
S'ak. Kaths. &c.; to undertake, try MBh.; to profess as one's aim or duty RV. Yj.:
Caus. {-dezayati}, to show, indicate, announce, Ratnv. MBh. S'ak. Mriicch.: Intens. (p.
{-de4dizAna}) to have in view, aim at (acc.) RV. ix, 70, 5.
aa-di4s'* = 2 {k} f. aiming at, design, intention RV. x, 61, 3, &c.; N. of a particular
direction or point of the compass (enumerated with {diz}, {pra-}, {vi-}, and {ud-}) VS. vi,
19 (cf. inf. {A-di4ze} = dat.)
aadikartre = to the supreme creator
aadikeshhu = etc etc
aadis'akti * = f. the primeval powerN. of My L.
aadishhTa = ordered
aadishhTavaan.h = (he was)commanded

aaditya = a name of Sun, Vishnu is among twelve Aditya-s

aadityaH = the Adityas
aaditya* = (Pn. 4-1, 85) mfn. belonging to or coming from Aditi TS. ii, 2, 6, 1 S'Br. &c.
[137,2]; m. `" son of Aditi "'; ({As}) m. plN. of seven deities of the heavenly sphere RV.
ix, 114, 3, &c. S'Br. iii, 1, 3, 3 (the chief is Varuna, to whom the N. ditya is especially
applicable; the succeeding five are Mitra, Aryaman, Bhaga, Daksha, Ans'a; that of the
seventh is probably Srya or Savitrii; as a class of deities they are distinct from the {vizve
devAH} ChUp.; sometimes their number is supposed to be eight TS. Sy.; and in the
period of the Brhmanas twelve, as representing the sun in the twelve months of the year
S'Br. iv, 5, 7, 2, &c.); N. of a god in general, especially of Srya (the sun) RV. AV. AitBr.
S'Br. S'is'. &c.; N. of Vishnu in his Vmana or dwarf {avatAra} (as son of Kas'yapa and
Aditi) ChUp.; the plant Calotropis Gigantea L.; ({au}) m. du.N. of a constellation, the
seventh lunar mansion L.; ({A}) f. (?) the sun VS. iv, 21; ({am}) n. = {au} (cf. {punarvasu}); N. of a Sman ChUp.
aadityagataM = in the sunshine
aadityavat.h = like the rising sun
aadityavarNaM = luminous like the sun
aadityaan.h = the twelve sons of Aditi
aadityaanaaM = of the Adityas

aado* = P. {-dA4ti}, {-dya4ti} (Subj. 1. pl. {A4-dyAmasi}, &c.) to reduce to small pieces,
to crush AV.
aadritaH = having begun
aadrita* = mf({A})n. attentive, careful, zealous, diligent R. Pacat. BhP. Ragh. &c.;
respected, honoured, worshipped Mn. Kaths. &c.
aadritya* =1 mf({A})n. venerable, respectable R. Bhathth. \\ =2 ind. p. having
respected, having honoured
aadara *= m. respect , regard , notice ; care , trouble Pan5cat. Hit. Ragh. Kir. &c. ; %
{AdaraM-} 1. %{kR} , to exert or interest one's self for ; %{AdareNa} and %{AdarAt} adv.
respectfully ; carefully , zealously.
aadaravat *= mfn. showing respect , solicitous Ka1d.
aadhaaraH = support or base
adharaat.h = from below
aadhaaya = resigning
aadhatsva = fix
aadhipatyaM = (n) supremacy, ownership, overlordship
aadhipatya *= n. [Pa1n2. 5-1, 124] (fr. %{adhi-pati}), supremacy, sovereignty, power

RV. x, 124, 5 AV. xviii, 4, 54 VS. TS. AitBr. S3Br. Mn. Ya1jn5. Pan5cat. &c.
aadhiiparNa *= mf(%{A})n. `" winged with longing "' AV. iii, 25, 2.
aadhunika = (adj) modern
aadhyaatmikaM = super-natural, spiritual
aadhrita *= mf(%{A})n. contained (with loc.)
aadrita *= mf(%{A})n. attentive, careful, zealous, diligent R. Pan5cat. BhP. Ragh. &c. ;
respected, honoured, worshipped Mn. Katha1s. &c.
aadya = earliest
aadyaM = original
aaGYaa = commandaagachchhet.h = one should come
aagaadha * = `" a little deep "'
aagama = arrival: * = mf({A})n. coming near, approaching AV. vi, 81, 2; xix, 35, 3; m.
(ifc. f. {A}) arrival, coming, approach R. &c.; origin Mn. viii, 401 R. &c.; appearance or
reappearance MBh. ii, 547; course (of a fluid), issue (e.g. of blood) Mn. viii, 252 Sus'r.;
income, lawful acquisition (of property, {artha}, {dhana}, {vitta}, {draviNa}) Mn. MBh.
&c.; reading, studying Pat.; acquisition of knowledge, science MBh. Yj. &c.; a
traditional doctrine or precept, collection of such doctrines, sacred work, Brhmana Mn.
xii, 105 MBh. &c.; anything handed down and fixed by tradition (as the reading of a text

or a record, title-deed, &c.); addition Nir. i, 4; a grammatical augment, a meaningless

syllable or letter inserted in any part of the radical word Prt. Pn. Comm.; N. of a
rhetorical figure; ({am}) n. a Tantra or work inculcating the mystical worship of S'iva
and S'akti.
aagamana = coming
aagame = on the arrivalaajaanubaahuM = the one whose arms extend upto his knees
aagamya * = ind. p. having arrived or comeN.
aagata * = mfn. come, arrived RV. AV. &c.; come to or into (acc. [Mn. iii, 113, &c.] or loc.
[Pan5cat. Das3. &c.] or in comp. [Mn. vi, 7 Ragh. iii, 11, &c.]); come from (in comp.)
Ya1jn5. ii, 154; come into existence, born R. ii, 85, 19; coming from (abl.) Pa1n2. 4-3, 74;
returned S3Br.; (with %{punar}) Mn. xi, 195 and Hit.; meeting with an obstacle, pushed
against (in comp.) Mn. viii, 291; occurred, happened, risen Mn. ii, 152 MBh. &c.; entered
(into any state or condition of mind) MBh. R. Katha1s.; resulting (from calculation)
Su1ryas.; walked through (as a path) S3Br. vi; m. a new comer, guest S3Br. iii; (%{am})
n. anything that has taken place or has fallen to one's share (opposed to %{AzA4}, `"
anything still expected or hoped for "') S3Br. ii (cf. %{a4n-Agata} and %{sv-Agata}.)
aagataH = having attained
aagataaH = attained
aagraha * = m. insisting on, strong or obstinate inclination for, obstinacy, whim Kaths.
S'rng.; (= {grahaNa}) seizing, taking L.; favour, affection L., ({At}, {eNa}) abl. instr.
ind. obstinately Kaths.

aagrahAyaNaka* = mfn. to be paid (as a debt) on the day of full moon of the month
Agrahyana Pn. 4-3, 50.
aagrahAyaNika* = mfn. id. Pn. 4-3, 50; containing a full moon of Agrahyana (as a
month or half a month or a year) Pn. 4-2, 22.
aagrahArika* = mfn. one who appropriates to himself an Agra-hra or an endowment of
lands or villages conferred upon Brhmans L.
aagrahAyaNa* = {as}, m.= {agra-hAyaNa} (q.v.) Pn. 5-4, 36 Comm.; ({I}) f. (g.
{gaurA7di} q.v.; scil. {paurNamAsI}) the day of full moon in the month Agrahyana
S'nkhS'r. &c.; (ifc. ind. {-Ni} or {-Nam} Pn. 5-4, 110); a kind of Pka-yaja Gaut.
BhavP. i, &c.; N. of the constellation Mriiga-s'iras L.
aagrahAyaNa* = &c. see above.
aaha = said
aaha* =1 ind. an interjection; a particle implying reproof; severity; command; casting;
sending L. * =2 perf. 3. sg. of the defect. 1. {ah} q.v.
aahaaramf(%{I})n. ifc. bringing near, procuring; being about to fetch, going to fetch
MBh.; (%{as}) m. taking [163,1]; fetching, bringing near Ka1tyS3r. R.; employing, use
Ka1tyS3r.; taking food; food [e.g. %{A-hAraM} 1. %{kR}, to take food, eat MBh. &c.];
livelihood Hit. Pan5cat. R. Mn. Sus3r. &c.
aahaarasaMbhava* m. the juice produced by food, chyle, lymph, serum L

aahan *= P. %{-hanti} (Impv. %{A4-jahi} AV. &c. ; pf. %{A4-jaghAna} RV. &c.) A1. %{hate} (only if no object follows Pa1n2. 1-3 , 28 , or if the object is a part of one's own body
Ka1ty. ; Pot. 1. sg. %{-ghnIya} Pat. on Pa1n2. 1-1 , 62 Das3.) to strike at , hit , beat ; to
attack , assault RV. TS. A1s3vGr2. MBh. Katha1s. &c.: (A1.) to strike one's self (or any
part of one's body) BhP. Pa1n2. and Comm. Bhat2t2. ; to make away with one's self
Das3. 91 , 15 ; to fasten AV. S3Br. ; to beat or cause to sound (a drum &c.) TS. S3Br.
Katha1s. Bhat2t2. &c.: Intens. %{A4-jaGghanti} RV. vi , 75 , 13 , to strike at or beat
violently.
aaha4nana * = n. the act of striking at, beating KtyS'r.; killing (an animal) AV.; a stick
for beating a drum AV. xx, 133, 1.
aaha4nana-prakAra * = mfn. fit for beating pS'r.
aahananyA7 * = mfn. (fr. {A-hanana}), being in the act of beating (a drum &c.) VS. xvi,
35.
aahana4s * = mfn. to be beaten or pressed out (as Soma); to be skimmed (as milk) RV.;
to be beaten (as an unchaste woman); unchaste, wanton; obscene, lascivious, profligate
RV. v, 42, 13; x, 10, 6. 8.
aahanasya * = n. unchasteness, lasciviousness AitBr.; lascivious words, obscenity S'Br.;
({As}) f. pl. (scil. {Rcas}) verses of a lascivious character; a chapter of the Kuntpa
hymns in the Atharva-veda AitBr. s'vS'r. &c.; (with {an-} mfn. chaste, decent
S'nkhGri. HirGri.)
aahan * = P. {-hanti} (Impv. {A4-jahi} AV. &c.; pf. {A4-jaghAna} RV. &c.) . {-hate}

(only if no object follows Pn. 1-3, 28, or if the object is a part of one's own body Kty.;
Pot. 1. sg. {-ghnIya} Pat. on Pn. 1-1, 62 Das'.) to strike at, hit, beat; to attack, assault
RV. TS. s'vGri. MBh. Kaths. &c.: (.) to strike one's self (or any part of one's body)
BhP. Pn. and Comm. Bhathth.; to make away with one's self Das'. 91, 15; to fasten AV.
S'Br.; to beat or cause to sound (a drum &c.) TS. S'Br. Kaths. Bhathth. &c.: Intens. {A4jaGghanti} RV. vi, 75, 13, to strike at or beat violently.
aahara *= 1 mfn. ifc. bringing, fetching Ragh.; m. taking, seizing; accomplishing,
offering (a sacrifice) MBh. Ka1d.; drawing in breath, inhaling; inhaled air; breath
inspired, inspiration L.//2 (2. sg. Impv. forming irregular Tatpurusha compounds with
the following words):
aahartri = (m adj.) a performer
aahati = striking, hitting;
aahata *= mfn. struck , beaten , hit , hurt R. Ragh. Kum. Katha1s. VarBr2. &c. ;
fastened , fixed RV. AV. ; beaten , caused to sound (as a drum &c.) MBh. Hariv. Ragh.
&c. ; crushed , rubbed S3is3. ; rendered null , destroyed , frustrated BhP. VarBr2S. ;
multiplied VarBr2S. [162,2] ; hit , blunted (said of a Visarga , when changed to %{o})
Sa1h. ; uttered falsely L. ; known , understood L. ; repeated , mentioned L. ; m. a drum L.
; (%{am}) n. old cloth or raiment L. ; new cloth or clothes L. ; assertion of an
impossibility L.
aahavana *= n. offering an oblation , offering sacrifice , a sacrifice RV. vii , 1 , 17 ; 8 , 5.
[162,3]

aahavanIya *= mfn. to be offered as an oblation ; (%{AhavanI4ya}) m. (scil. %{agni})

consecrated fire taken from the householder's perpetual fire and prepared for receiving
oblations ; especially the eastern of the three fires burning at a sacrifice AV. S3Br.
Ka1tyS3r. A1s3vS3r. ChUp. &c.
aahave = in the fight
aahara *= 1 mfn. ifc. bringing , fetching Ragh. ; m. taking , seizing ; accomplishing ,
offering (a sacrifice) MBh. Ka1d. ; drawing in breath , inhaling ; inhaled air ; breath
inspired , inspiration L. \\ 2 (2. sg. Impv. forming irregular Tatpurusha compounds
with the following words):
aahata *= mfn. struck, beaten, hit, hurt R. Ragh. Kum. Katha1s. VarBr2. &c. ; fastened,
fixed RV. AV. ; beaten, caused to sound (as a drum &c.) MBh. Hariv. Ragh. &c. ;
crushed, rubbed S3is3. ; rendered null, destroyed, frustrated BhP. VarBr2S. ; multiplied
VarBr2S. [162,2] ; hit, blunted (said of a Visarga, when changed to %{o}) Sa1h. ; uttered
falsely L. ; known, understood L. ; repeated, mentioned L. ; m. a drum L. ; (%{am}) n.
old cloth or raiment L. ; new cloth or clothes L. ; assertion of an impossibility L.
aahna4 * = n. (fr. {ahan}), a series of days, many days S'Br. Pn.
aahaara = Diet
aahaaraH = eating
aahaaraaH = eating
aahita *= mfn. placed on, placed, deposited, put on Pa1n2. 8-4, 8 RV. AV. MBh. &c. ;

added (as fuel to the fire) ; one who has added ; deposited, pledged, pawned Comm. on
Ya1jn5. &c. ; given, delivered ; conceived ; performed, done, effected MBh. ; entertained,
felt L. ; comprising, containing.
aahrita * m= mfn. brought near, fetched, procured Mn. Ragh. Ya1jn5. Ma1rkP. &c.;
taken, seized, captivated Katha1s. Ya1jn5. MBh. &c.; taken (as food), eaten R. &c.;
uttered, spoken R. BhP. &c.
aahuH = are said
ahu* = mfn. only in {paro4-'hu} q.v.
aahu* = P. . {-juhoti}, {-juhute} (p. {-ju4hvAna}) to sacrifice, offer an oblation; to
sprinkle (with butter) RV. AV. TS. Hariv.
aahuu* = &c. see {A-hve}.
aahuu4* = f. calling, invoking (BRD.) ib.
aahuta* = mfn. offered as an oblation, sacrificed RV. AV. S'nkhS'r.; laid in the fire (as a
corpse) RV. x, 16, 5; offering made to men, hospitality (= {manuSya-yajJa} q.v.) L.;
nourishment of all created beings (considered as one of the five principal sacrifices of the
Hinds; cf. {bhUta-yajJa}) L.
aahuuta* = mfn. called, summoned, invoked, invited.
aahri = to eat

aaho = or else
aaja* = mfn. (fr. 1. {aja4}), coming from or belonging to goats, produced by goats
s'vGri. R. Sus'r.; m. a vulture L.; a descendant of Aja; ({A4}) f. (only used for the etym.
of {ajA4}) = {ajA4}, a shegoat S'Br. iii; ({am}) n. the lunar mansion PrvaBhdrapad
(presided over by Aja Ekapd) VarBriS.; clarified butter L.
aajagara * = belonging to a python, a boa
aajaa4na* = n. birth, descent VS. S'Br. iii; birth-place Comm. on VS. xxxiii, 72; ({A}) f.
place of conception (as a mother) Aitr.
aajaa4na* = {AjA4ni} see {A-jan}.
aajyaM = melted butter
aajIvya * affording a livelihood Yj. i, 320 MBh. xiv, 1330; ({am}) n. means of living
MBh. iii, 8452 BhP. (cf. {sv-Aj-}.)
aajaa *= 1 %{-jAnAti} (Impv. 2. pl. %{-jAnIta} ; perf. %{-jajJau} ; p. %{jAna4t}) to
mind , perceive , notice , understand RV. i , 94 , 8 ; 156 , 3 S3Br. Ta1n2d2yaBr. ; (cf. %
{a4n-AjAnat}): Caus. %{-jJApayati} , %{-te} (Inf. %{-jJaptum} R. iv , 40 , 8) to order ,
command , direct MBh. &c. ; to assure R. vi , 103 , 10. [133,2]\\ 2 f. order , command
Mn. x , 56 MBh. &c. ; authority , unlimited power Ba1lar. ; N. of the tenth lunar mansion
VarBr2. ; permission (neg. %{anAjJayA} instr. ind. without permission of (gen.) Mn. ix ,
199).
aakarNa = towards the ear

aakarNa\-dhanuraasana = the shooting bow posture

aakarshha = attracted
aakarshhaNa = attraction
aakaa.nkshaa = wish, ambition
aakaara = (masc) form, shape * = 1 m. (ifc. f. %{A} R. i, 28, 24 Ragh. xii, 41) form,
figure, shape, stature, appearance, external gesture or aspect of the body, expression of
the face (as furnishing a clue to the disposition of mind) Mn. MBh. &c.
aakaarikaa = (f) doorbell
aakaarita * = mfn. ifc. having the shape of Vedntas.
aakaasha = ether
aakasha* = m. ( {kaS}, `" to rub "'), a touchstone L.; (v.l. for {AkarSa} Pn. 4-4, 9 Siddh.
and v, 2, 64 Siddh.)
aakaas'a * = m. (Ved.) or (later) n. (ifc. f. {A}) a free or open space, vacuity AitBr. S'Br.
MBh. &c. [127,1]; the ether, sky or atmosphere Naigh. S'Br. Mn. &c.; ({am}) n. (in
philos.) the subtle and ethereal fluid (supposed to fill and pervade the universe and to be
the peculiar vehicle of life and of sound) Vedntas. &c.; Brahma (as identical with ether)
L.; = {AkAza-bhASita} below Comm. on S'ak.; ({e}) loc. ind. in the air (a stage direction
implying something said by or to a person out of sight) Mriicch. S'ak. &c.

aakaashaM = the sky

aakaashavaaNii = (f) radio
aakaashasthitaH = situated in the sky
aakaashaat.h = (abl.S)from space or sky
aakara * = m. one who scatters i.e. distributes abundantly RV. iii, 51, 3; v, 34, 4; viii, 33,
5; accumulation, plenty, multitude R. Sus3r. &c.; (ifc. f. %{A} MBh. iii, 1657, 16215) a
mine Mn. Ya1jn5. &c.; a rich source of anything Sa1h.; place of origin, origin; N. of a
country (the modern Khandesh) VarBr2S.; N. of wk. (quoted in Kamala1kara's
S3u1dradharmatattva); (mfn.) best, excellent L.
aakhu = mouse
aakhyaa (f) name* = 1 P. (impf. {-akhyat}) to behold RV. iv, 2, 18; (fut. p. {-khyAsya4t};
perf. 3. pl. {-cakhyuH}) to tell, communicate, inform, declare, announce S'Br. xiii, xiv
Mn. MBh. &c.; to call (with two acc.) Ragh. x, 22: Pass. {-khyAyate}, to be named or
enumerated S'Br.; to be called S'Br. x, xiv: Caus. P. (2. sg. {-khyApayasi}) to make
known, declare MBh. i, 7485: . (Pot. {-khyApayeta}) to cause to tell AitBr. S'nkhS'r. \\
2 f. (ifc. f. {A} Kaths. Snkhyak.) appellation, name Prt. Pn. Mn. vii, 157, &c.; (= {saMkhyA}) total amount Mn. ii, 134 MBh. iii, 12831 (cf. Hariv. 515) and xv, 671;
appearance, aspect R. vii, 60, 12 [129,2]; ({ayA}) instr. ind. `" with the name "', named
Kaths.
aakhya = named

aakhyaataM = described
aakhyaahi = please explain
aakraanta mfn. approached, frequented, visited Mn. R.; on which anything lies heavily,
pressed by (instr. or in comp.) Mr2icch. Pan5cat. &c.; overcome, overrun, attacked, in
the possession of (instr. or in comp.) Pan5cat. Katha1s. &c.; overcome or agitated (as by
feelings or passions) R. Katha1s. &c.; overspread with (instr.) Hit. &c. [128,2]
aakram.h = to attack
aakrama *= m. approaching, attaining, obtaining, overcoming VS. xv, 9 S3Br. xiv (cf. %
{dur-Akr-}.)
aakramaNa *= mfn. approaching, stepping upon VS. xxv, 3 and 6 ; (%{am}) n. stepping
upon, ascending, mounting AV. TS. &c. ; marching against, invading, subduing Katha1s.
Comm. on Mn. vii, 207 ; spreading or extending over (loc., %{dikSu}) Katha1s.
aakramaNam.h = (n) attack, invansion
aakritiini = forms
aakriti *= AkRti f. a constituent part RV. x , 85 , 5 (cf. %{dvA4dazA7kRti}) ; form ,
figure , shape , appearance , aspect Ka1tyS3r. S3vetUp. Mn. &c. ; a well-formed shape
VarBr2S. Mr2icch. [127,3] ; kind , species Sus3r. ; specimen RPra1t. ; a metre
(consisting of four lines with twenty-two syllables each) RPra1t. &c. ; (hence in arithm.)
the number twenty-two ; (%{is}) m. N. of a prince MBh. ii , 126 and 1165 (v.l. %{AMkRti}).

aakrita * = mfn. arranged, built (as a house) RV. viii, 10, 1; done (as evil or good) to any
one VarBriS.
aakrishhTa = (past part. of aa + kR\^ishh) attractedaaksha* = mfn. (fr. 1. {a4kSa})
belonging or referring to terrestrial latitude Comm. on Sryas.; ({am}) n. (fr. 2. {akSa4})
= {AkSakI} L.
aakShepaH = (m) objection
aakshi * = cl. 2. %{-kSeti} (3. pl. %{-kSiya4nti} and impf. %{A74kSiyan}; Pot. 1. pl. %{kSiyema}) to abide, dwell in (acc.), inhabit RV. AV.; %{-kSeti}, to possess, take
possession of (acc.) RV.: cl. 6. %{-kSiya4ti}, to exist AV. x, 5, 45.
aakshipta* =mfn. cast, thrown down; thrown on the beach (by the sea) Pacat.; caught,
seized, overcome (as the mind, {citta}, {cetas} or {-hridaya}) by beauty, curiosity, &c.,
charmed, transported BhP. Kd. Kaths. &c.; hung out or exposed to view (as flags &c.);
put into (loc.) MBh. iii, 3094; pointed or referred to, indicated Sh. &c.; refused, left (as
the right path) Km.; insulted, reviled, abused, challenged, called to a dispute (dat.)
Kaths.; caused, effected, produced Kaths. Comm. on Bd.; ({am}) n. `" absence of
mind "' see {sA7kSiptam}
aakula = full of
aakulitam.h = sad, worried
aakuuta * = intention, purpose, wish VS. S'Br. &c. (see {cittA7kUta4} and {sA7kUta});
incitement to activity, Snkhyak.

aakIrnam * = dense, filled with, covered, brimming, crowded

aakta *= mfn. (fr. %{A7Jj}) anointed AV. x , 1 , 25 (cf. %{sv-A74kta}.)
aakuuta * = n. intention, purpose, wish VS. S'Br. &c. (see {cittA7kUta4} and {sA7kUta});
incitement to activity, Snkhyak.
aakula =* confounded, confused, agitated, flurried MBh. &c.; confused (in order),
disordered ib.; filled, full, overburdened with (instr. or generally in comp.), eagerly
occupied ib.; ({am}) n. a place crowded with people R. iii, 43, 34; `" confusion
aalaapa * = m. speaking to, addressing; speech; conversation, communication Pan5cat.
Hit. Katha1s. S3ak. &c.; the singing or twittering of birds Katha1s.; statement of the
question in an arithmetical or algebraic sum; question; a lesson Jain.; (%{A}) f. (in
music) a particular Mu1rcchana1 or melody.
aalabdha A: embarrassed *= mfn. touched MBh.; killed, sacrificed; gained, conciliated
BhP.
aalamba = support
aalamb * = A1. %{-lambate} , to hang from Vikr. ; to lay hold of , seize , cling to ; to rest
or lean upon MBh. R. Katha1s. Pan5cat. &c. ; to support , hold R. Ragh. &c. ; to take up ;
to appropriate ; to bring near ; to get ; to give one's self up to MBh. R. Pan5cat. BhP. &c. ;
to depend Sa1h.
aalamba * = mfn. hanging down R. ; m. that on which one rests or leans , support , prop
; receptacle ; asylum MBh. R. Katha1s. &c. ; depending on or from ; a perpendicular L. ;

N. of a Muni MBh. ; (%{A}) f. a species of plant with poisonous leaves Sus3r. ; (%{am})
ind. holding , supporting Ka1t2h.
aalambana * = n. depending on or resting upon ; hanging from Pa1n2. ; supporting ,
sustaining Megh. ; foundation , base Prab. Kat2hUp. ; reason , cause ; (in rhetoric) the
natural and necessary connection of a sensation with the cause which excites it Sa1h. ;
the mental exercise practised by the Yogin in endeavouring to realize the gross form of
the Eternal VP. ; silent repetition of a prayer [W.] ; (with Buddhists) the five attributes of
things (apprehended by or connected with the five senses , viz. form , sound , smell , taste
, and touch ; also %{dharma} or law belonging to %{manas}).
aalambate = to recline
aalaya = house* = see %{A-lI}.\\m. and n. a house, dwelling; a receptacle, asylum R.
Ya1jn5. Katha1s. &c.; (often ifc. e.g. %{himA7laya}, `" the abode of snow. "')
aanuupa* = mfn. (fr. {anUpa} g. {kacchA7di} [Pn. 4-2, 133]), belonging to a watery
place; wet, watery, marshy Sus'r.; m. any animal frequenting watery or marshy places,
as fishes, buffaloes, &c. (cf. {anUpa}) ib.; a descendant of Anpa; ({am}) n. N. of a
Sman Lthy. iv, 6, 1.
aalasya = idleness
aali = maid
aaliina* = mfn. having come close to Katha1s. Hariv. Ragh.; dwelling or abiding in
Katha1s.; crouched, stooped MBh. R.

aalingati = to embrace
aalIna * = having come close to Kaths. Hariv. Ragh.; dwelling or abiding in Kaths.;
crouched, stooped MBh. R.
aalochate = to think, to contemplate
aalochaya = (verbal stem) consider
aam= yes * =; ind. an interjection of assent or recollection Mriicch. S'ak. Vikr. &c.; (a
vocative following this particle is anudtta Pn. 8-1, 55.)
aamarsha* = m. (for {a-marSa} q.v. T., with reference to Pn. 6-3, 137), impatience,
anger, wrath L.
aamars'a * = m see %{A-mRz}.\\ m. touching L.; contact; nearness, similarity
A1s3vS3r. ii, 2, 13, 32.
aamaatya * = m. (= {amAtya} q.v.), a minister, counsellor L.
aamanaska = the mind free from desire
aama *= 1 mf({A})n. raw, uncooked (opposed to {pakva} q.v.) RV. AV. Mn. Yj. &c.; N.
of the cow (considered as the raw material which produces the prepared milk). RV. iii,
30, 14, &c.; unbaked, unannealed AV. MBh. VarBriS. &c.; undressed; unripe, immature
Sus'r. &c.; undigested Sus'r.; fine, soft, tender (as a skin) BhP. iii, 31, 27; m. N. of a son
of Kriishna VP.; of a son of Ghriita-priishthha BhP. v, 20, 21 [146, 2]; m. or ({am}) n.
constipation, passing hard and unhealthy excretions Sus'r.; ({am}) n. state or condition

of being raw Sus'r.; grain not yet freed from chaff; [cf. Gk. $; Lat. {amrus}; Hib. {amh},
`" raw, unsodden, &45756[146, 2] crude, unripe "'; Old Germ. {ampher}; Mod. Germ.
({Sauer-ampfer}.] \\*=2 m. (probably identical with 1. {Ama}), sickness, disease L.
aamaa*= 2. P. (Pot. {-mimIyAt} Kthh. xix, 13) to bleat at
aamaavaasya *= mfn. (fr. %{amA-vAsyA} g. %{saMdhivelA7di} Pa1n2. 4-3, 16),
belonging to the new moon or its festival S3Br. AitBr. ; born at the time of new moon
Pa1n2. 4-3, 30 ; (%{am}) n. the new moon oblation.
aamana * 1 n. sickness, disease; (for 2. {Amana} see {A-man}.
aamana * 2 n. friendly disposition, inclination, affection TS. ii, 3, 9, 1 and 2 MaitrS.; (for
1. {Amana} see under 2. {Ama}.)
aamantraNa *= n. addressing , speaking to , calling or calling to S3Br. Sa1h. &c. ;
summoning ; inviting , invitation Ya1jn5. MBh. &c. ; deliberation , interrogation AV. viii ,
10 , 7 Ka1tyS3r. ; greeting , courtesy , welcome [146,3] ; bidding adieu , taking leave L. ;
the vocative case ; (%{A}) f. addressing , calling L.
aamarsha * = m. (for {a-marSa} q.v. T., with reference to Pn. 6-3, 137), impatience,
anger, wrath L.
aamaya = disease *= m. sickness, disease S3Br. Ka1tyS3r. Ya1jn5. R. &c.; indigestion L.;
(%{am}) n. the medicinal plant Costus Speciosus Bhpr.
aamii * = P. %{-minAti} (RV. vi, 30, 2, &c.) to destroy, neutralize, curtail RV.; to put
aside or away, cause to disappear or vanish, displace; to exchange RV. i, 92, 10, &c.; to

put or push out of place TBr.: A1. (impf. %{A74minanta}) to vanish, disappear RV. i, 79,
2: Intens. (p. %{-me4myAna}) to change, alter RV. i, 96, 5.
aamisha * = food, meat, prey, an object of enjoyment, a pleasing or beautiful object,
coveting, longing for, lust, desire; a gift, boon
aamisham SB: meat-eating, meat, fish, eggs and so on
aamoda *= mf(%{A})n. (%{mud}) , gladdening , cheering up S3Br. Ka1tyS3r. ; m. joy , serenity ,
pleasure R. ; fragrancy , a diffusive perfume ; strong smell , smell Ragh. Megh. S3is3. Katha1s. &c. ;
Asparagus Racemosus L.

aamraphalam.h = (n) mango (the king of fruits)

aamla = souraanrta* = untruthful, lying, false.
aamnaa* = P. {-manati}, to utter, mention, allege; to cite, quote; to commit to memory,
hand down in sacred texts; to celebrate KtyS'r. Lthy. BhP. Mlav. Kum. &c.
aamnaaya* = m. sacred tradition, sacred texts handed down by repetition; that which is
to be remembered or studied or learnt by heart; a Veda or the Vedas in the aggregate;
received doctrine VPrt. Mn. MBh. &c.; traditional usage, family or national customs;
advice, instruction in past and present usage; a Tantra; a family, series of families L.
aamush * = P. (impf. %{A74muSNAt} RV. x, 67, 6) to draw or pull towards one's self; to
take away RV.
aamushmika * = mf(%{I})n. (fr. %{amuSmin} loc. of %{adas}), of that state; being

there, belonging to the other world Sus3r. Sa1h. Das3. &c.

aamushmikatva * = n. the state of being there or belonging to the other world Nya1yam.
aamushyakulikaa * = f. (fr. %{amuSya-kula}), the being of that family Pa1n2. 6-3, 21
Ka1s3.aamushyaputrikaa * = f. (fr. %{amuSya-putra}), the being the son of that one ib.
aamushyaayaNa * = mf(%{I})n. (g. %{naDA7di} Pa1n2. 4-1, 99), a descendant of such a
one AV. S3Br. S3a1n3khGr2. &c.; m. a son or descendant of an illustrious person L.
aana* = m. (fr. {an}), face [NBD.]; mouth; nose [Sy.] RV. i, 52, 15; exhaling the breath
through the nose T.; inhalation, breath inspired, breathing, blowing L.
aanaksh * =to approach, obtain, reach, present L.
aanana = Face, mouth; the face; entrance, door
aananaM = face
aananda = happiness
aanandana = happiness
aanandamayaH = full of great happiness
aanata* = mfn. bending, stooping, bowed Ragh. Katha1s.; humbled, submissive,
obedient MBh. &c.; bent or curved inwards (as a bow) S3Br.; flat, sunk (not elevated)
MBh. R.; pacified, conciliated; saluted reverently. [140,2]

aanaya * = m. leading to T.; leading to a teacher = {upanayana} q.v.) L.

aanaaya * = {as}. m. a fishermas net Pn.
aanati* = f. bending, bowing, stooping VS. Katha1s.; submission, obedience, inferiority
Comm. on Ka1tyS3r. &c.; contentedness T.; saluting L.
aangirasapavitra = n. N. of the verse RV. iv, 40, 5 p.
aangirasezvaratIrtha = n. N. of a Tirtha S'ivaP. Rev.
aangiraa4 = mf({I4})n. descended from or belonging or referring to the Angirases or to
Angiras AV. VS. &c.; ({a4s}) m. a descendant of Angiras (as Briihatsman [AV.],
Cyavana [S'Br. iv], Aysya [S'Br. xiv], &c.) RV. AV. &c.; especially N. of Briihaspati RV.
AV. &c. [131,2]; the planet Briihaspati i.e. Jupiter; ({I}) f. a female descendant of Angiras
MBh. i, 6908; iii, 14128.
aangIrasa4* = mf({I4})n. descended from the Angirases or from an Angiras TBr.
aangla = English
aanglabhaashhaa = English language
aaNiH = nail
aanila * = mf({I})n. (fr. {anila}), proceeding from or produced by wind, windy L.;
belonging to Vyu or Anila T.; m. N. of Hanumat; of Bhma L.; ({I}) f. and ({am}) n. N.
of the constellation Svti.

aaniila * = mf({A})n. darkish Ragh. Vikr.; slightly dark or blue; m. a black horse L.; ({I})
f. a black mare T.; tin L.
aaninye *V= brought, cause to be brought
aajasa *= mf(%{I})n. (fr. %{aJjasA} q.v.) , immediate , direct Comm. on Ba1d.
aanris'amsya *= mf(%{A})n. merciful , mild , kind MBh. ; (%{am}) n. absence of
cruelty or harm , kindness , mercy , compassion , benevolence MBh. Mn. A1p.
aanrita* = mf({I})n. (fr. {an-Rta} g. {chattrA7di} Pn. 4-4, 62), untruthful, lying, false.
aantaradeshiiya = within the country mainly for transaction??
aanu 1 1. A1. (aor. 3. pl. %{A74nUSata} RV. i, 151, 6 and ix, 65, 14) to sound, roar
towards or near; (p. %{-nuvAna} Bhat2t2.) to cry; to twitter (as birds): Intens. (%{A4navinot} RV. vii, 87, 2) to roar towards.\\ 2 mfn. (fr. 2. %{an}), living, human T.
aanumaanika* = mf({I})n. (fr. {anumAna}), relating to a conclusion, derived from
inference, subject to inference, inferable, inferred p. S'nkhS'r.; making conclusions
BhP.
aanumata* = mf({I})n. belonging to the goddess Anu-mati (q.v.) TBr.
aanupuurva* = n. and {I} f. (fr. {anu-pUrva}), order, series, succession MBh. R. &c.; (in
law) direct order of the castes Mn. Yj. &c.; (generally only instr. {-eNa} and {-yA}, one
after the other, in due order.)

aanupuurvya* = n. order, succession KtyS'r. Mn. Yj. &c.; (generally abl. {-At}, in due
order.)
aanusUya * = mfn. given by Anu-sy (Atri's wife) Ragh. xiv, 14.
aanuSUka4 * = mfn. (probably fr. {anu-SUka}, `" after-shoot of rice "' [according to
native interpretation from {anu-sU}]), `" in the manner of the after-shoot of rice "' i.e.
shot after TS. ii, 3, 4, 2.
aanusuka * = mfn. studying or knowing the work Anus (q.v.) L.
aanusUka * = = {AnuSUka} (?) q.v.
aanvIkshikii *= f. (fr. %{anv-IkSA}), logic, logical philosophy, metaphysics MBh. Mn.
Gaut. &c.
aa pa* = 1 m. obtaining; (mfn.) ifc. to be obtained (cf. %{dur-}).
aa pa* = 2 m. N. of one of the eight demigods called Vasus VP. Hariv. MBh.; (%{I}) f. N.
of a constellation L.
aa pa* = 3 n. (fr. 2. %{ap} Pa1n2. 4-2, 37), a quantity of water, Mallina1tha on S3is3. iii,
72.
aapaa* = 1. P. %{-pibati}, (Impv. 2. du. %{A4pibatam} RV. ii, 36, 6; pf. %{-papau}:
Pass. %{-pIyate}, &c.) to drink in, suck in or up; to sip RV. MBh. Ragh.; to drink in with
ears or eyes i.e. to hear or see with attention, hang on BhP. Ragh.; to absorb, take away:
Caus. %{-pAyayati}, to cause to drink or suck in BhP.

aap.h = to obtain
aapad * = 1 A1. %{-padyate} (pf. %{-pede} aor. %{A7pAdi}, &c.) to come, walk near,
approach BhP. ; to enter, get in, arrive at, go into S3Br. La1t2y. R. &c. ; to fall in or into ;
to be changed into, be reduced to any state ; to get into trouble, fall into misfortune AV.
viii, 8, 18 ; xi, 1, 30 S3Br. AitBr. MBh. Mn. &c. ; to get, attain, take possession ; to
happen, occur S3Br. Ma1lav. &c.: Caus. %{-pAdayati} (aor. 1. pl. %{A74-pIpadAma} AV.
x, 5, 42) to cause to enter, bring on S3Br. ; to bring to any state Ragh. ; to bring into
trouble or misfortune R. &c. ; to bring near or towards, fetch, procure, produce, cause,
effect MBh. Sus3r. Ragh. &c. ; to procure for one's self, obtain, take possession BhP. ; to
change, transform.
aapaada* = 1 m. reward, remuneration ChUp.; arriving at L.; (for 2. {A-pAda} see
below.)
aapaada* = &c. see under 1. {A-pad}
aapadaa* = f. misfortune, calamity L.
aapaH = water
aapaNaH = (m) shop
aapana *= mfn. entered , got in S3Br. Ka1tyS3r. &c. ; afflicted , unfortunate S3ak.
Katha1s. &c. ; gained , obtained , acquired ; having gained or obtained or acquired.
aapaana * = 1 mfn. one who has reached; (for 2. see %{A-} 1. %{pA}.)

aapaNa * = m. a market, a shop MBh. R. Katha1s.; waves MBh.; commerce, trade L.

aapana * = &c. see under 1. %{Ap}.
aapaNikaH = (m) shop-keeper
aapad.h = calamity
aapadaaM = dangers
aapannaM = achieved
aapannaaH = gaining
aapah = water
aapanna * = mfn. entered, got in S'Br. KtyS'r. &c.; afflicted, unfortunate S'ak. Kaths.
&c.; gained, obtained, acquired; having gained or obtained or acquired.
aapaaDa* = m. (ifc. mf({A})n. L.) compressing, squeezing Sus'r.; giving pain, hurting L.;
a chaplet tied on the crown of the head MBh. R. Ragh.; N. of a metre.
aapi * = m. an ally, a friend, an acquaintance RV. VS. (according to Sa1y. on RV. ii, 29,
4, from the Caus.) causing to obtain [wealth &c.] ; (mfn.) ifc. reaching to, entering.
aapi * = &c. see under 1. %{Ap}.
aapI * = &c. see under %{A-pyai}.\\mfn. fat, enlarged, increased T.

aapta * = mfn. reached, overtaken, met S'Br.; received, got, gained, obtained S'Br. Mn.
Hit. Kaths.; filled up, taken S'Br.; come to Naish.; reaching to, extending; abundant,
full, complete; apt, fit, true, exact, clever, trusted, trustworthy, confidential Mn. R. Ragh.
&c.; respected; intimate, related, acquainted MBh. R. Ragh. &c.; appointed; divided
Sryas.; connected L.; accused, prosecuted L.; m. a fit person, a credible or authoritative
person, warranter, guarantee; a friend; an Arhat Jain.; N. of a Nga MBh.; ({A}) f. =
{jaTA} q.v. L.; ({am}) n. a quotient; equation of a degree L.
aapuurya = covering
aapuryamaaNaM = always being filled
aapuu *= A1. (Impv. %{A4-pavasva} RV. ix , 70 , 10 ; once P. %{A4-pava} RV. ix , 49 , 3
; p. %{-punAna}) to be pure ; to flow towards after purification ; to carry towards in its
course (as a stream) RV. VS.
aapUryamANa * = mfn. becoming full, increasing
aaprichchha = take leave of
aapoklima = The 3rd, 6th, 9th and 12th Houses
ApratI * = (%{A-prati-i}) P. (Impv. 2. pl. %{-e4tana} RV. vi, 42, 2) to go towards any one
to meet him. iishaM = Lord S'iva
aaptuM = afflicts one with
aapnuyaaM = may have

aapnuvanti = attain
aapnoti = achieves
aaplutaa = immersed
aapsara: = mfn. (fr. {apsaras}), belonging to the Apsaras.
aapuuryamaaNa* = mfn. becoming full, increasing.
aapya* = 2 mfn. (fr. 2. {ap}), belonging or relating to water, watery, liquid Sus'r.;
consisting of water; living in water; m. N. of several asterisms VarBri.; N. of a Vasu;
({As}) m. pl.N. of a class of deities BhP. Hariv.; ({am}) n. N. of a constellation; (for 1.
{Apya} see under {Ap}.)
aapya* = 3 n. N. of a plant, a kind of Costus L. (cf. {vApya}.)
aa-pyaayana * =mfn. causing fulness or stoutness Sus'r.; increasing welfare, gladdening
L.; ({I}) f. an umbilical vein MrkP.; ({am}) n. the act of making full or fat Sus'r.;
satiating; satisfying, refreshing, pleasing Mn.; increasing, causing to thrive MBh.;
causing to swell (the Soma) S'Br. &c.; satiety, satisfaction; advancing; anything which
causes corpulency or good condition; strengthening medicine Sus'r.; corpulency,
growing or being fat or stout; gladness L.
aaraadhita * =mfn. propitiated, pleased, solicited for a boon; worshipped, honoured,
revered; accomplished, effected.
aaraadhya = pleasable

aaraama = (m) garden *= m. delight, pleasure S3Br. TUp. Bhag. Bhartr2. ; place of
pleasure, a garden, grove Mn. Ya1jn5. MBh. R. Mr2icch. Katha1s. &c. ; N. of a particular
Dan2d2aka metre ; [cf. $ and $.]
aarath * P. (p. {-raTat}) to shriek, screech Kaths. Bhathth.
aaraa4t * = ind. (abl. of an ideal base {Ara} fr. {A-R}; cf. {Are4}) from a distant place;
distant; to a distant place; far from (with abl.) RV. AV. p. MBh. Kaths.; near Gaut.
Ragh.; directly, immediately Prab. Kaths. S'ak. 131 a; ({t}) m. N. of a village L.
aarabdhat.h = started
aarabdha * = mfn. begun, commenced, undertaken AitBr. MBh. R. BhP. Katha1s. &c.;
one who has begun or commenced, beginning, commencing R. BhP.; m. N. of a king.
aarabdham.h = started
aarabhamaaNa* = mfn. beginning, commencing resolutely (with a determination to
finish).
aarabhaTa* = m. an enterprising man, courageous man L.; (%{I}) f. boldness,
confidence, heroism Ra1jat.; (in dram.) the representation of supernatural and horrible
events on the stage.
aarabhate = begins
aarabhatha * = m. an enterprising man, courageous man L.; (%{I}) f. boldness,
confidence, heroism Ra1jat.; (in dram.) the representation of supernatural and horrible

events on the stage.

aarabhyate = is begun
aarakta* = mfn. reddish Sus'r. Vikr.; ({am}) n. red sandal-wood L
aarambha = beginning *= m. undertaking, beginning Mn. Pan5cat. Megh. &c.; a thing
begun; beginning, origin, commencement S3Br. Ka1tyS3r. Megh. &c.; (in dram.) the
commencement of the action which awakens an interest in the progress of the principal
plot Sa1h. 324 and 325; haste, speed; effort, exertion; pride; killing, slaughter (erroneous
for %{Alambha} see Zachariae, Beitrge, p. 20, l. 9)
aarambhaH = endeavor
aarambhashuura = one who shows active participation in the beginning
aarambhikaaH = beginners
aaraNya*= mf({A})n. (fr. {araNya}), being in or relating to a forest, forest-born, wild
RV. AV. KtyS'r. MBh. &c.; m. a wild animal ChUp.
aaraNyaka*= mfn. forest, wild, forest-born, produced in a forest, relating to a forest or a
forest animal, (the {AraNyakam parva} of the Mah-bhrata is either the whole third
book or only the first section of it); m. a forester, an inhabitant of the woods MBh. Ragh.
&c.; ({am}) n. N. of a class of religious and philosophical writings closely connected with
the Brhmanas and called ranyakas because either composed in forests or studied
there, (the Upanishads are considered to be attached to them.)

aarakshakaH = (m) policeman

aarakshikaa = (f) policewoman
aaratii = crying out of desperation for help, ritual
aaraadhanaM = for the worship
aarda * = mf({I} [gana {gaurA7di} Pn. 4-1, 41])n. ({Rd}), pressing hard, tormenting
exceedingly T
aardha* = in comp. optionally for {ardha-} (q.v.) Pn. 7-3, 2
aardita = parched, dry
aardra = wet * mf({A})n. ({ard} Un. ii, 18) wet, moist, damp RV. TS. S'Br. MBh. Mn.
Sus'r. Megh. &c.; fresh, not dry, succulent, green (as a plant), living AV. S'Br. R. Sus'r.
MBh. &c.; fresh, new Kaths.; soft, tender, full of feeling, warm; loose, flaccid Kaths.
Megh. Pacat. &c.; m. N. of a grandson of Priithu Hariv. VP.; ({A}) f. the fourth or sixth
Nakshatra or lunar mansion AV. MBh. VarBriS.; ({am}) n. fresh ginger Vishnus.;
dampness, moisture Hariv.
aardrachittaa = having emotional mind
aardraa = Sixth nakshatra
aarghya * = mfn. relating to or coming from the above bee Sus'r.; ({am}) n. its honey L.

aarhaaH = deserving
aarii * = P. ({A4-riNanti} RV. ix, 71, 6) to pour, let drop: . {A4-rIyate}, to trickle or flow
upon; to flow over RV.
aarita * = mfn. praised RV. i, 101, 4, &
aarjavaM = simplicity
aarjava* = mfn. (fr. {Rju} g. {pRthvAdi} Pn. 5-1, 122), straight; honest, sincere Kaths.;
m. N. of a teacher VP.; ({am}) n. straightness, straight direction Sh.; rectitude,
propriety of act or observance; honesty, frankness, sincerity ChUp. p. Gaut. MBh. R.
Mn. &c.
arjavaka* = mfn. straight, direct; m. N. of the ninth Sarga or creation MBh. xii, 11566.
aarjuna * = m. N. of Indra (= {arjuna} q.v.) Kthh. 34, 3.
aarka * = mfn. (fr. {arka}), belonging or relating to the sun BhP.; coming from the plant
Calotropis Gigantea VarBriS.
aarogya = health
aaroha * = m. one who mounts or ascends, a rider (on a horse &c.), one who is seated in
a carriage R.; ascent, rising, creeping up, mounting S3ak. Katha1s. R.; haughtiness,
pride Katha1s.; elevation, elevated place, altitude R.; a heap, mountain R.; increase
Sa1h.; a woman's waist, the swell of the body R. BrahmaP. S3is3.; length L.; a particular
measure L.; descending (= %{ava-roha} ?) L.

aarohaNa = climbing
aarohati = to climb, to ascend
aaropayati = to plant
aaropita*= mfn. raised, elevated Kum.; fixed, placed Kd.; made; charged with; strung
(as a bow); deposited, intrusted; interposed, supplied; accidental, adventitious L.
aarpita* = mfn. fastened to, annexed; dependent on RV. AV.
aarta = intensely troubled \\ * = mfn. (optionally also written {Artta}, whence
erroneously derived fr. {Rt} or even regarded as irreg. formation fr. {ard}; see also
Weber in S'Br. p. 339, l. 20 ff.) fallen into (misfortune), struck by calamity, afflicted,
pained, disturbed; injured; oppressed, suffering, sick, unhappy S'Br. TS. Mn. R. S'ak.
Ragh. &c.
aartha * = mf({I})n. (fr. {artha}), relating to a thing or object; material, significant
(opposed to {zAbda} q.v.) Sh.; resulting from or based on the possession of a thing Pat.
aartaH = the distressed
aarthika = (adj) economic, fiscal
aarthikaniiti = (f) economic policy
aaru* = 1 1. P. {-rauti} or {-ravIti} (Impv. {A4-ruva} RV. i, 10, 4) to shout or cry towards;
to cry out VarBriS. R. Bhathth.; to praise L.: Intens. {-roravIti}, to roar towards or

against RV. \\* = 2 m. a hog; a crab; the tree Lagerstroemia Regina L.; ({us}) f. a pitcher
L.
aaruDha = The sign which is as distant from the lord as the lord is from the house
concerned
aaruuDha * = mounted, ascended, bestridden (as a horse &c.) MBh. Hariv. BhP.; risen;
raised up, elevated on high VarBriS. Pacat. Hit. Kaths. &c.; undertaken; reached,
brought to (often used in compounds e.g. {indriyA7rUDha}, brought under the
cognizance of the senses, perceived) BhP.; having reached or attained, come into (a
state) BhP. Prab. S'ak. Kaths. &c.; ({am}) n. the mounting, arising.
aarurukshoH = who has just begun yoga
aaruhya = having climbed
aaruu* = mfn. ({R} [Un. i, 87]), tawny; ({Us}) m. tawny (the colour) L
aaruuDhasya = of one who has attained
aaruuDhaani = being placed
aaruudha = house
aaruNi * = m. (fr. {aruNa})N. of Uddlaka (a renowned Brhmana teacher, son of Aruna
Aupaves'i and father of S'veta-ketu) S'Br. AitBr. MBh.; N. of Auddlaki (= S'veta-ketu)
KathhUp.; N. of Suparneya, a son of Prajpati Tr.; of Vainateya MBh.; of Tathyu
Blar.

aarya = wise man* = m. (fr. {arya4}, {R}), a respectable or honourable or faithful man,
an inhabitant of ryvarta; one who is faithful to the religion of his country; N. of the
race which immigrated from Central Asia into ryvarta (opposed to {an-Arya}, {dasyu},
{dAsa}); in later times N. of the first three castes (opposed to {zUdra}) RV. AV. VS. MBh.
Yj. Pacat. &c.; a man highly esteemed, a respectable, honourable man Pacat. S'ak.
&c.; a master, an owner L.; a friend L.; a Vais'ya L.; Buddha; (with Buddhists [Pli
{ayyo}, or {ariyo}]) a man who has thought on the four chief truths of Buddhism (see
next col.) and lives accordingly, a Buddhist priest; a son of Manu Svarna Hariv.;
(mf({A} and {A4rI})n.) ryan, favourable to the ryan people RV. &c.; behaving like an
ryan, worthy of one, honourable, respectable, noble R. Mn. S'ak. &c.; of a good family;
excellent; wise; suitable; ({A}) f. a name of Prvat Hariv.; a kind of metre of two lines
(each line consisting of seven and a half feet; each foot containing four instants, except
the sixth of the second line, which contains only one, and is therefore a single short
syllable; hence there are thirty instants in the first line and twenty-seven in the second);
[cf. Old Germ. {e7ra}; Mod. Germ. {Ehre}; Irish {Erin}.]
aarurukshu *= mfn. desirous to rise or ascend or advance MBh. Ragh. Bhag. Ka1d.
aaryasamaaja = Aryan group
aaryaa = (f) a respected woman
aasaadana *= n. putting or laying down Ka1tyS3r. ; reaching , getting possession of
MBh. Ratna1v.
aasa*= seat, the lower part of the body behind, posteriors

aasaat * = ind. (fr. an ideal base {Asa}), from or in the proximity, near RV.
aa4sa*=ashes, dust, a bow
aasaJj *= P. %{-sajati}, to fasten on, attach, fix; to fasten on one's self, put on (as dress,
armour, &c.) RV. AV. Ka1tyS3r. R. Kum. &c.; to fix one's self to, adhere to Kir. xiii, 44;
to take up MBh. &c.; to take hold of, cling to AV. MBh. S3Br. BhP. &c.: Caus. %{saJjayati}, to cause to attach or put or fix on S3a1n3khS3r. Ragh.; to employ MBh.: Pass.
%{-sajyate}, to adhere, cohere, be attached: Desid. %{-sisaGkSati}, to wish to attach
S3Br. i, 6, 1, 12; 15.
aasan *= 1 n. (defective Pa1n2. 6-1 , 63) , mouth , jaws RV. AV. VS. S3Br. TBr. \\2 P.
(Impv. 2. sg. %{A4-sanuhi} AV. xiv , 2 , 70) to gain , obtain ; (for 1. %{Asan} and %
{Asanya} see under 3. %{A7s}.)
aasaM = exist
aasakta = attached\\* = mfn. fixed or fastened to; attached to, lying on or upon S'Br.
Kum. R. Kaths. &c.; attached strongly to, intent on; zealously following or pursuing
MBh. VarBri. Kaths. Pacat. &c.; wound round, encircled; accompanied or furnished
with; following directly, immediately proceeding from (acc.) MBh.
aasaktamanaaH = mind attached
aasana = seat
aasanaM = seat

aasanastham.h = (lotus like-)posture-stood

aasane = on the seat
aasaadaya = (causative of aa+sad) resort to
aasaadya = attaining
aasevita * = mfn. frequented; practised assiduously.
aasha.ns.h = to wish, to hope, to desire
aashaya = (masc) resting place
aas'aya * = m. resting-place, bed; seat, place; an asylum, abode or retreat S'Br. MBh.
Pacat. Bhag. &c.; a receptacle; any recipient; any vessel of the body (e.g. {raktA7zaya},
`" the receptacle of blood "' i.e. the heart; {AmA7zaya}, the stomach &c.) Sus'r.; the
stomach; the abdomen Sus'r.; the seat of feelings and thoughts, the mind, heart, soul
Yj. R. Kaths. &c.; thought, meaning, intention Prab. Kaths. Pacat.; disposition of
mind, mode of thinking; (in Yoga phil.) `" stock "' or `" the balance of the fruits of
previous works, which lie stored up in the mind in the form of mental deposits of merit or
demerit, until they ripen in the individual soul's own experience into rank, years, and
enjoyment (Cowell's translation of Sarvad. 168, 16 ff.); the will; pleasure; virtue; vice;
fate; fortune; property; a miser, niggard L.; N. of the plant Artocarpus Integrifolia L.
aashayasthitaaH = situated within the heart
aashaa = desire

aasha*= (1. {az}), reaching, obtaining (cf. {dur-} Aza m. food; eating S'Br. KtyS'r. &c.
(cf. {prAtar-Aza}, {sAyam-Aza}, &c.; {hutA7za}, {AzrayA7za}, &c.)
aashaa4 *=, desire, hope, expectation, prospect AV. S'Br. ChUp. R. S'ak. Kaths. Pacat.
&c.; Hope personified as the wife of a Vasu Hariv.; as the daughter-in-law of Manas
Prab.; (for 2. {A4zA} see s.v.)
aa4shaa*. (1. {az}; for 1. {AzA4} see {A-zaMs}), space, region, quarter of the heavens RV.
AV. TS. R. MBh. Ragh. &c.
aas'aasana *= n. asking, praying or craving for Comm. on Nya1yam.
aas'aasanIya *= mfn. to be wished or craved for Comm. on Nya1yas.
aashaapaasha = entanglements in a network of hope
aashaapiNDaM = AshA+pindaM, desire+lump(piNDaM also means rice-ball given
aas'aya *= m. resting-place, bed; seat, place; an asylum, abode or retreat S3Br. MBh.
Pan5cat. Bhag. &c.; a receptacle; any recipient; any vessel of the body (e.g. %
{raktA7zaya}, `" the receptacle of blood "' i.e. the heart; %{AmA7zaya}, the stomach &c.)
Sus3r.; the stomach; the abdomen Sus3r.; the seat of feelings and thoughts, the mind,
heart, soul Ya1jn5. R. Katha1s. &c.; thought, meaning, intention Prab. Katha1s. Pan5cat.;
disposition of mind, mode of thinking; (in Yoga phil.) `" stock "' or `" the balance of the
fruits of previous works, which lie stored up in the mind in the form of mental deposits of
merit or demerit, until they ripen in the individual soul's own experience into rank, years,
and enjoyment (Cowell's translation of Sarvad. 168, 16 ff.); the will; pleasure; virtue;

vice; fate; fortune; property; a miser, niggard L.; N. of the plant Artocarpus Integrifolia
L.
aas'i * = 1 f. eating Kaus'.
aas'ii * =1 f. = 1. {Azi4s} L.; (for 2. {AzI} see 2. {Azis}.)
aa-s'i * =2 P. (Impv. {A4-zizIhi}) to sharpen [Sy.] i.e. to make zealous RV. vii, 16, 6; viii,
21, 8 [to bestow, let partake BRD.]; (for 1. {Azi} see 2. {Aza}.)
aas'ii * =2 f. = 2. {Azis} L.
aa-s'ii * =3 . (irr. {-za4ye} [3. sg.] RV. AV.: Impv. 3. sg. {A-zayAm} AV. v, 25, 9; 3. pl.
{-zerate} Vikr.) to lie or rest on or round: P. (impf. 3. pl. {A7zayan}) to wish BhP. ix, 1, 37
[perhaps this form is rather a Nom. from 1. {AzA}?]: Caus. (impf. {A74zIzayat}) to lay or
put upon R.
aas'is *= 1 %{Is} f. asking for , prayer , wish RV. AV. VS. TS. S3Br. &c. ; blessing ,
benediction ; wishing for any other R. Ragh. Kum. S3ak. &c. ; a particular medicament ;
(for 2. %{Azis} see s.v.)
aashina = old (also heard as aashiina)
aashishhati = to give aashirvaad
aashu = fast
aashcharyaM = surprise

aashcharyamayaM = wonderful
aashcharyavat.h = with wonder, surprise
aashcharyaaNi = all the wonders
aashrama = a yoga centre or school
aashrayatva = dependence, leaning
aashrayaa = sheltor
aashrayet.h = must come upon
aashri = to take shelter
aas'rita * = mfn. attaching one's self to, joining ; having recourse to, resorting to as a
retreat or asylum, seeking refuge or shelter from ; subject to, depending on MBh.
Katha1s. Ra1jat. Kum. &c. ; relating or belonging to, concerning R. Hariv. BhP. Ma1rkP.
&c. ; inhabiting, dwelling in, resting on, being anywhere, taking one's station at MBh. R.
Ya1jn5. VarBr2S. &c. ; following, practising, observing ; using, employing ; receiving
anything as an inherent or integral part Mn. MBh. BhP. Kum. Pan5cat. &c. ; regarding,
respecting Bhag. R. ; taken or sought as a refuge or shelter Katha1s. BhP. Ra1jat. ;
inhabited, occupied Katha1s. Pan5cat. Ragh. BhP. ; chosen, preferred, taken as rule
Katha1s. Ra1jat. ; m. a dependant, subject, servant, follower Kum. Hit. Ya1jn5. &c. ; (%
{am}) n. (with Buddhists) an object perceived by the senses and %{manas} or mind.
aashritaM = assuming

aashritaH = taking refuge

aashritaaH = accepting
aashritya = taking shelter of
aashleshha = embrace
aashleshhaa = Ninth nakshatra
aashvaasayaamaasa = encouraged
aashvinii = First nakshatra
aas'u * = mfn. (1. {az} Un. i, 1), fast, quick, going quickly RV. AV. S'Br. &c.; ({us}) m.
Ved. the quick one, a horse RV. AV.; ({us}, or {u}) m. n. rice ripening quickly in the rainy
season S'Br. KtyS'r. L.; ({u}) n. N. of a Sman; ({u}) ind. quickly, quick, immediately,
directly Sus'r. Megh. Pacat. &c. (cf. Gk. $, $; Lat. {acu} in {acupedius}, &49452[157, 3]
{o7cissimus}: of the same origin may be the Lat. {aquila} and {accipiter}.)
aas'aya* = m. resting-place, bed; seat, place; an asylum, abode or retreat S'Br. MBh.
Pacat. Bhag. &c.; a receptacle; any recipient; any vessel of the body (e.g. {raktA7zaya},
`" the receptacle of blood "' i.e. the heart; {AmA7zaya}, the stomach &c.) Sus'r.; the
stomach; the abdomen Sus'r.; the seat of feelings and thoughts, the mind, heart, soul
Yj. R. Kaths. &c.; thought, meaning, intention Prab. Kaths. Pacat.; disposition of
mind, mode of thinking; (in Yoga phil.) `" stock "' or `" the balance of the fruits of
previous works, which lie stored up in the mind in the form of mental deposits of merit or
demerit, until they ripen in the individual soul's own experience into rank, years, and

enjoyment (Cowell's translation of Sarvad. 168, 16 ff.); the will; pleasure; virtue; vice;
fate; fortune; property; a miser, niggard L.; N. of the plant Artocarpus Integrifolia L.
aas.h = to sit
aas'ii *= 1 f. = 1. %{Azi4s} L. ; (for 2. %{AzI} see \\ 2. %{Azis}.) 2 f. = 2. %{Azis} L.\\ 3
A1. (irr. %{-za4ye} [3. sg.] RV. AV.: Impv. 3. sg. %{A-zayAm} AV. v , 25 , 9 ; 3. pl. %{zerate} Vikr.) to lie or rest on or round: P. (impf. 3. pl. %{A7zayan}) to wish BhP. ix , 1 ,
37 [perhaps this form is rather a Nom. from 1. %{AzA}?]: Caus. (impf. %{A74zIzayat}) to
lay or put upon R.
aasi* = P. (pf. %{A4-siSAya} RV. x, 28, 10) to wrap or pack up.
aasita* = mfn. seated, being at rest; one who has sat down, one who is seated or dwells
Kaths. R. &c.; ({am}) n. sitting, sitting down Sh. MBh.; a seat; a place where one has
lived, an abode R.; way or manner of sitting (cf. {dur--}); N. of several Smans.
aasit.h = was/existed
aasina = by the weapon
aasinaM = situated
aasinaH = eaters
aas'is * = 1 %{Is} f. asking for, prayer, wish RV. AV. VS. TS. S3Br. &c. ; blessing,
benediction ; wishing for any other R. Ragh. Kum. S3ak. &c. ; a particular medicament ;
(for 2. %{Azis} see s.v.) 2 f. a serpent's fang ; (for 1. %{Azi4s} see %{A-zAs}.)

aasiit.h = was
aasiita = does remain still
aasiinaH = situated
aaspada* = n. (ifc. mf[{A}]n. fr. {pada} with {A} prefixed, {s} being inserted), place,
seat, abode S'ak. Kaths. Mriicch. Bhartri. Das'. &c.; the tenth lunar mansion VarBri.;
business, affair; dignity, authority; power L.
aasphuT * = Caus. {-sphoTayati}, to split open, crush, grind Kaths.; to move, agitate
quickly; to shake MBh. Mn. BhP. &c.
aas'raya* = m. that to which anything is annexed or with which anything is closely
connected or on which anything depends or rests Pn. R. Ragh. Sus'r.; a recipient, the
person or thing in which any quality or article is inherent or retained or received; seat,
resting-place R. Kaths. Sus'r. &c.; dwelling, asylum, place of refuge, shelter R. S'is'.
&c.; depending on, having recourse to; help, assistance, protection Pacat. Ragh. &c.;
authority, sanction, warrant; a plea, excuse L.; the being inclined or addicted to,
following, practising; attaching to, choosing, taking; joining, union, attachment;
dependance, contiguity, vicinity RPrt. Yj. Mn. &c.; relation; connection; appropriate
act or one consistent with the character of the agent; (in Gr.) the subject, that to which
the predicate is annexed; (with Buddhists) the five organs of sense with {manas} or mind
(the six together being the recipients of the {Azrita} or objects which enter them by way
of their {Alambana} or qualities); source, origin; ifc. depending on, resting on, endowed
or furnished with (e.g. {aSTa-guNA7zraya} see under {aSTa}).

aasrij *V-S evolved. send forth *= = P. (Impv. 2. sg. {A4-sRja}) . (pf. 3. pl. {A4sasRjire}) to pour out upon, pour in RV.; to admit (a stallion to a mare) RV. ix, 97, 18; to
adorn, decorate RV. v, 52, 6; to carry near; to procure KtyS'r. aastikyaM = religiousness
aas'ru * = P. {-zRNoti} . {-zRNute}, to listen to; to hear; to perceive (with the ear) RV.
AV. TS. S'Br. BhP. &c.; to accept, promise Pn. 1-4, 40 R. Yj. L.: Caus. {-zrAvayati}
[but {A4-zravayatam} RV. vii, 62, 5; aor. {-azuzravus} RV. x, 94, 12], to cause to hear; to
announce, make known, tell RV. s'vS'r. MBh.; to address, speak to, call to (especially at
particular rites) RV. AV. TS. S'Br. ChUp. TUp. KtyS'r. &c.: Desid. {-zuzrUSati} [only P.
Pn. 1-3, 59], to wish to hear; to listen.
aas'ruta * = mfn. listened to, heard; audible TS.; promised, agreed Ya1jn5.; (%{am}) n. a
calling (at rites see %{A-zrAvaNa}) Ka1tyS3r. TS.
aaste = remains
aasthaaya = following
aasteya* = mfn. (Pn. 4-3, 56) belonging to something existent.
aasthitaH = being situated
aasthitaaH = situated
aastikya* = n. (fr. {Astika}), belief in God, piety, faithfulness; a believing nature or
disposition MBh. Bhag. BhP.
aasu * = to press out (Soma juice); to distil

aa-su * = 3. P. {-suno4ti}, (Subj. 2. pl. {-suno4tA} AV. xx, 127, 7 and {A4-sotA} RV. ix,
108, 7) to press out (Soma juice); to distil RV. AV. S'Br. ChUp.
aa-suu * = P. {A4-suvati} 1. (p. {-suvAna4}) to excite towards [161, 1]; to throw to, send
off towards; to assign to, bring quickly, procure; to yield, grant RV. AV. S'Br.
aasuraM = demonic *
aasura = 1 mf({I})n. (fr. {asura}), spiritual, divine RV. VS. AV.; belonging or devoted to
evil spirits; belonging or relating to the Asuras RV. AV. VS. KtyS'r. Prab. Das'. &c.;
infernal, demoniacal; m. an Asura or demon AV. AitBr. Pn.; a form of marriage (in
which the bridegroom purchases the bride from her father and paternal kinsmen)
s'vGri. i, 6, 6 Mn. iii, 31 (cf. {vivAha}); ({As}) m. pl. the stars of the southern
hemisphere Sryas. &c.; a prince of the warrior-tribe Asura Pn.; ({I}) f. a female
demon; a division of medicine (surgery, curing by cutting with instruments, applying the
actual cautery); N. of the plant Sinapis Ramosa L.; the urethra BhP.; ({am}) n. blood;
black salt L.
aasuraH = demoniac
aasuranishchayaan.h = demons
aasurii = demoniac qualities
aasuriiM = atheistic
aasuriishhu = demoniac

aas'u* = mfn. (1. %{az} Un2. i, 1), fast, quick, going quickly RV. AV. S3Br. &c.; (%{us})
m. Ved. the quick one, a horse RV. AV.; (%{us}, or %{u}) m. n. rice ripening quickly in
the rainy season S3Br. Ka1tyS3r. L.; (%{u}) n. N. of a Sa1man; (%{u}) ind. quickly,
quick, immediately, directly Sus3r. Megh. Pan5cat. &c. (cf. Gk. $, $; Lat. {acu} in
{acupedius}, &49452[157,3] {o7cissimus}: of the same origin may be the Lat. {aquila}
and {accipiter}.)
aasu *= 3. P. %{-suno4ti} , (Subj. 2. pl. %{-suno4tA} AV. xx , 127 , 7 and %{A4-sotA}
RV. ix , 108 , 7) to press out (Soma juice) ; to distil RV. AV. S3Br. ChUp.
aas'vaasa * = m. breathing again or freely, taking breath; recovery Sus'r.; cheering up,
consolation; relying on Kaths.; a chapter or section of a book Sh.
aas'vaasita * = mfn. encouraged, animated, comforted, consoled Das3. BhP. Pan5cat.
&c.\\mfn. reanimated, revived, refreshed &c. MBh. R.
aasvaada = tastingaatanka = horror, terror
aazvaasa * = m. breathing again or freely, taking breath; recovery Sus3r.; cheering up,
consolation; relying on Katha1s.; a chapter or section of a book Sa1h.
aasya = (m) mouth
aasyaa * = f. sitting Sus'r.; abiding, abode; state of rest L.
aasya4 * = n. [ifc. mf({A})n.] mouth, jaws RV. AV. VS. MBh. &c.; face Yj.; (mfn.)
belonging to the mouth or face, belonging to that part of the mouth or face, belonging to
that part of the mouth which is the organ of uttering sounds or letters Pn. Siddh. Ks'.

&c. [160, 1]
aasyand * = A1. %{-syandate} (p. %{-sya4ndamAna}) , to stream or flow towards or
near AV. iii , 12 , 3 S3a1n3khGr2. and S3r.
aaT* = ind. a croak (imitation of the sound uttered by a frog) Ta1n2d2yaBr.
aat * = ind. (abl. of 4. %{a}) afterwards, then (often used in a concluding paragraph
antithetically to %{ya4d}, %{yadA}, %{ya4di}. and sometimes strengthened by the
particles %{a4ha}, %{i4d}, %{Im}, %{u}) RV. AV.; then, further, also, and RV. AV. It is
sometimes used after an interrogative pronoun (like %{u}, %{nu4}, %{aGga4}) to give
emphasis to the pronoun RV.
aata *=nmfn. (Pa1n2. 7-4, 47) taken, obtained ChUp. Katha1s.; taken away or off,
withdrawn from S3Br. AitBr. &c.; seized, grasped ChUp. La1t2y. &c.; perceived, felt
Ma1lav.; undertaken, begun MBh. xiii, 3567.
aatataayinaH = aggressors
aatapa = heat
aatapatraM = sunshade* = n. `" heatprotector "' (ifc. f. {A} Megh. Kaths.), a large
umbrella (of silk or leaves) MBh. &c.; {AtapatrAyita} mfn. forming an umbrella (as the
branches of a tree) BhP.
aathavika *= m. a woodman, forester.
aathavika *= m. (fr. %{aTavI}), the inhabitant of a forest Mn. ix, 257 MBh. &c.; a

forester Sa1h.; (mfn.) consisting of inhabitants of the forest (as an army) Ka1m.
aathavin *= %{I} m. N. of a teacher Va1yuP.
aatishhTha = be situated
aatura = anxious * = mf(%{A})n. suffering, sick (in body or mind) RV. viii AV. xi, 101,
2, &c.; diseased or pained by (in comp.) MBh. R. &c.; desirous of (Inf.) (cf. %{anAtura4}.)
aatta = ready
aattha = have spoken
aatma = of the self * = (in comp. for {Atma4n}; also rarely ifc. e.g. {adhy-Atma}, {adhyAtma4m}).
aatmaa = soul- see aatman
aatmaanaM = the mind
aatmaani = in the pure state of the soul
aatmaasambhavitaaH = self-complacent
aatmaa.atattvamasi = Thou art That Not (self + Self are differnt:Duality)
aatmabhaava = within their hearts

aatmabhuutaatmaa = compassionate
aatma * = m. `" self-shower "', a mirror Ragh. vii, 65.
aatmadaa * = mfn. granting breath or life RV. x, 121, 2.
aatmadaana * = n. gift of self, self-sacrifice Kaths.
aatmaghosha * = m. `" uttering one's own name "', a crow L.; a cock L.aatmasaat * =
ind. with 1. %{kR} (ind. p. %{-kRtvA}) to place upon one's self Ya1jn5. iii, 54; %{-karoti}
(ind. p. %{-kRtvA} MBh. iii, 493 and 496; %{-kRtya} BhP.) to make one's own, attract,
turn to one's self, acquire or gain for one's self; to cause to become one with the supreme
spirit Nr2isUp.
aatmaiva = the very mind
aatmaja = son
aatmaja * = mfn. self-originated MBh. xii, 12449; m. (ifc. f. {A} R.) `" born from or
begotten by one's self "', a son Nir. Mn. &c.; N. of the fifth lunar mansion VarYogay.;
({A}) f. a daughter MBh. R. &c.; `" originating from intellect "', the reasoning faculty L.
aatmajaa = daughter
aatmajaH = son
aatmaja * = mfn. knowing one's self MBh. xii, 12440; knowing the supreme spirit
Vedntas.

aatmajaana = (aatmaGYaana) = knowledge of self* = n. self-knowledge MBh. v, 990

and 1167; knowledge of the soul or supreme spirit Mn. xii, 85 and 92 MBh. Vedntas.
aatmaka *= mf({ikA})n. belonging to or forming the nature of (gen.) MBh. xv, 926;
having or consisting of the nature or character of (in comp.) ChUp. [cf.
{saMkalpA7tmaka}]; consisting or composed of Mn. MBh. &c. (cf. {paJcA7tmaka} &c.)
aatmaka * = mf(%{ikA})n. belonging to or forming the nature of (gen.) MBh. xv, 926 ;
having or consisting of the nature or character of (in comp.) ChUp. [cf. %
{saMkalpA7tmaka}] ; consisting or composed of Mn. MBh. &c. (cf. %{paJcA7tmaka}
&c.)
aatmakaaraNaat.h = for sense enjoyment
aatmakaama * = (%{Atma4-}) mf(%{A})n. loving one's self, possessed of self-conceit R.
ii, 70, 10 ; loving the supreme spirit S3Br. xiv (Br2A1rUp.)
aatmakaH = possessing or controlling
aatmakaM = consisting of
aatma-krita * = ({Atma4-}) mfn. done or committed against one's self VS. viii, 13; done
of one's self, self-executed R. ii, 46, 23.
aatmamaayayaa = by My internal energy
aatman * = {A} m. (variously derived fr. {an}, to breathe; {at}, to move; {vA}, to blow; cf.

{tma4n}) the breath RV.; the soul, principle of life and sensation RV. AV. &c.; the
individual soul, self, abstract individual [e.g. {Atma4n}] (Ved. loc.) {dhatte}, or {karoti},
`" he places in himself "', makes his own TS. v S'Br.; {AtmanA akarot}, `" he did it
himself "' Kd.; {AtmanA vi-yuj}, `" to lose one's life "' Mn. vii, 46; {Atman} in the sg. is
used as reflexive pronoun for all three persons and all three genders e.g. {AtmAnaM sA
hanti}, `" she strikes herself "'; {putram AtmanaH spRSTvA nipetatuH}, `" they two
having touched their son fell down "' R. ii, 64, 28; the prayers of transcendental activity
[with for each of the four a type of priest or below s.v. {AtmanA}]; essence, nature,
character, peculiarity (often ifc. e.g. {karmA7tman}, &c.) RV. x, 97, 11, &c.; the person
or whole body considered as one and opposed to the separate members of the body VS.
S'Br.; the body Ragh. i, 14 RmatUp.; (ifc.) `" the understanding, intellect, mind "' see
{naSTA7tman}, {mandA7-}; the highest personal principle of life, Brahma (cf.
{paramA7tman}) AV. x, 8, 44 VS. xxxii, 11 S'Br. xiv, &c.; effort L.; (= {dhRti}) firmness
L.; the sun L.; fire L.; a son L.; [Old Germ. {tum}; Angl. Sax. {oedhm}; Mod. Germ.
{Athem}, {Odem}; Gk. $, $ (?).] &42279[135, 1]
aatmanaa* = instr. of {Atman}, in comp. [but not in a Bahuvrhi] with ordinals Pn. 6-3,
6 (cf. the Bahuvrhi compounds {Atma-caturtha}, and {-paJcama}.)
aatmasad * = mfn. dwelling in (my-) self AV. v, 9, 8.
aatmasama * = m. equal to one's self; (%{Atmasama}) %{-tAMnI}, to render any one
(acc.) equal to one's self, Ratna1v.
aatma-tattva * = n. the true nature of the soul or of the supreme spirit S'vetUp.;
({Atmatattva}) {-jJa} mfn. knowing or versed in the Vednta doctrines L.

aatmata * = f. essence, nature BhP.

aatmatva * = n. essence, nature Sh.
aatmatriptaH = self-illuminated
aatman.h = Soul *= %{A} m. (variously derived fr. %{an}, to breathe ; %{at}, to move ;
%{vA}, to blow ; cf. %{tma4n}) the breath RV. ; the soul, principle of life and sensation
RV. AV. &c. ; the individual soul, self, abstract individual [e.g. %{Atma4n}] (Ved. loc.) %
{dhatte}, or %{karoti}, `" he places in himself "', makes his own TS. v S3Br. ; %
{AtmanA@akarot}, `" he did it himself "' Ka1d. ; %{AtmanA@vi-yuj}, `" to lose one's life
"' Mn. vii, 46 ; %{Atman} in the sg. is used as reflexive pronoun for all three persons and
all three genders e.g. %{AtmAnaM@sA@hanti}, `" she strikes herself "' ; %
{putram@AtmanaH@spRSTvA@nipetatuH}, `" they two having touched their son fell
down "' R. ii, 64, 28 ; [see also below s.v. %{AtmanA}] ; essence, nature, character,
peculiarity (often ifc. e.g. %{karmA7tman}, &c.) RV. x, 97, 11, &c. ; the person or whole
body considered as one and opposed to the separate members of the body VS. S3Br. ; the
body Ragh. i, 14 Ra1matUp. ; (ifc.) `" the understanding, intellect, mind "' see %
{naSTA7tman}, %{mandA7-} ; the highest personal principle of life, Brahma (cf. %
{paramA7tman}) AV. x, 8, 44 VS. xxxii, 11 S3Br. xiv, &c. ; effort L. ; (= %{dhRti})
firmness L. ; the sun L. ; fire L. ; a son L. ; [Old Germ. {a1tum} ; Angl. Sax. {oedhm} ;
Mod. Germ. {Athem}, {Odem} ; Gk. $, $ (?).] &42279[135,1]
aatmana = (Masc.instr.sing.) thro' the self
aatmanaH = of the person

aatmanaa = by the purified mind * = instr. of {Atman}, in comp. [but not in a Bahuvrhi]
with ordinals Pn. 6-3, 6 (cf. the Bahuvrhi compounds {Atma-caturtha}, and {paJcama}.)
aatmani = in himself
aatmaratiH = taking pleasure in the self
aatmasa.nyama = of controlling the mind
aatmasa.nstutiH = and praise of himself
aatmasa.nsthaM = placed in transcendence
aatmasaat.h = to imbibe, to make one's own, to train oneself
aatmavantaM = situated in the self
aatmavashyaiH = under one's control
aatmavat *= mfn. having a soul Nr2isUp. ; self-possessed, composed, prudent Mn.
Ya1jn5. MBh. &c. ; ind. like one's self Hit. ; (%{Atmavat}) %{-tA} f. self-possession, selfregard, prudence Mn. xi, 86 Ragh. viii, 83 ; self-resemblance, proportion, analogy L.
aatmavaan.h = established in the self
aatmavinigrahaH = self-control

aatmavibhuutayaH = personal opulences

aatmavishvaasaH = (m) confidence
aatmayogaat.h = by My internal potency
aatmatattva * = n. the true nature of the soul or of the supreme spirit S'vetUp.;
({Atmatattva}) {-jJa} mfn. knowing or versed in the Vednta doctrines L.
aatma-tantra * =n. the basis of self MBh. xiii, 4399; (mfn.) depending only on one's self,
independent BhP. (cf. {sva-tantra}.)
aatma-ta * = f. essence, nature BhP.
aatmavadha * = m. suicide MBh. i, 6228.
aatmavat *= mfn. having a soul Nr2isUp. ; self-possessed, composed, prudent Mn.
Ya1jn5. MBh. &c. ; ind. like one's self Hit. ; (%{Atmavat}) %{-tA} f. self-possession, selfregard, prudence Mn. xi, 86 Ragh. viii, 83 ; self-resemblance, proportion, analogy L.
aatmavas'a * = mfn. dependent on one's own will Mn. iv, 159 seq
aatmiyataa = the feeling of oneness
aathopa * = m. puffing, swelling MBh. iii, 11587 Pan5cat. &c.; a multitude, redundancy
BhP.; flatulence, borborygmi Sus3r.; pride, self-conceit Mr2icch. &c. (cf. %{sA7topam}.)
aatura * = mf({A})n. suffering, sick (in body or mind) RV. viii AV. xi, 101, 2, &c.;

diseased or pained by (in comp.) MBh. R. &c.; desirous of (Inf.) (cf. {an-Atura4}.)
aatyantikaM = supreme
aatyantika *= mf(%{I})n. (fr. %{aty-anta}), continual, uninterrupted, infinite, endless
Mn. ii, 242 seq. Bhag. &c.; entire, universal (as the world's destruction &c.) BhP. Sarvad.
aavaapana * = n. a loom, an implement for weaving ; a reel or frame for winding
thread L.
aavaasaH = (m) residence, living quarters
aavaha * =mf({A})n. bringing, bringing to pass, producing; what bears or conveys Mn.
Bhag. R. Pacat. &c.; m. N. of one of the seven winds or bands of air (that which is
usually assigned to the {bhuvar-loka} or atmospheric region between the {bhUr-loka}
and {svar-loka}) Hariv.; one of the seven tongues of fire. [155, 2]
aavaaha * = m. inviting, invitation MBh.; marrying L.; N. of a son of S'vaphalka Hariv
aavali * = %{is} and %{I} f. (%{val} T.), a row, range; a continuous line; a series; dynasty,
lineage Vikr. BhP. Prab. Hit. &c.
aavaasa *= m. abode , residence , dwelling , house MBh. R. Pan5cat. Ragh. &c.
aavaasya* = mfn. ifc. to be inhabited by, full of BhP. viii, 1, 10.
aavaraNa = a veil *= mfn. covering, hiding, concealing Ragh. ; (%{am}) n. the act of
covering, concealing, hiding Sus3r. Ragh. ; shutting, enclosing ; an obstruction,

interruption Mn. Sus3r. Ragh. ; a covering, garment, cloth MBh. Kir. S3ak. Ragh. ;
anything that protects, an outer bar or fence ; a wall ; a shield ; a bolt, lock MBh. R.
Ragh. &c. ; (in phil.) mental blindness Jain.
aavartaH = (m) whirlpool
aavartate = comes back
aavartinaH = returning
aavartita* = mfn. turned round, stirred round Hariv. BhP. &c.
aavasatha4 * = m. (Un. iii, 114) dwelling-place, abode, habitation, night's lodging AV. ix,
6, 7 S'Br. ChUp. Mn. R. Hit. Ragh. &c.; a dwelling for pupils and ascetics; a village; a
particular religious observance L.; a treatise on ry metres T.
aavali = (f) line, row
aavapana * = n. the act of sowing, throwing, scattering, placing upon S3Br. Ka1tyS3r.
Gaut. ; instilling, inserting S3Br. Ka1tyS3r. ; capacity MBh. ; a vessel, jar, ewer MaitrS.
BhP. ; sowing seed, weaving L. ; a hempen cloth L. ; (%{I}) f. a vessel, jar AV. xii, 1, 61.
aavarta *= m. turning, winding, turning round, revolving R. Sa1h. Sus3r. ; whirl, gulf,
whirlpool S3Br. Megh. MBh. Ragh. &c. ; deliberation, revolving (in the mind) L. ; a lock
of hair that curls backwards (especially on a horse considered lucky), a curl R. S3is3. &c.
[156,2] ; the two depressions of the forehead above the eyebrows Sus3r. ; a crowded
place where many men live close together ; a kind of jewel L. ; N. of a form of cloud
personified ; (%{A}) f. N. of a river L. ; (%{am}) n. a mineral substance, pyrites,

marcasite L.
aavasatha * = m. (Un2. iii, 114) dwelling-place, abode, habitation, night's lodging AV.
ix, 6, 7 S3Br. ChUp. Mn. R. Hit. Ragh. &c.; a dwelling for pupils and ascetics; a village; a
particular religious observance L.; a treatise on A1rya1 metres T.
aavayoH = of ours
aaveza *= m. joining one's self Ka1tyS3r.; entering, entrance, taking possession of MBh.
S3ak. Prab. &c.; absorption of the faculties in one wish or idea, intentness, devotedness
to an object BhP.; demoniacal frenzy, possession, anger, wrath Ba1lar. Ka1d.; pride,
arrogance L.; indistinctness of idea, apoplectic or epileptic giddiness L.
aavi* = {is} and {I4} f. (perhaps {vI}), pain, suffering Sus'r. TS.; ({yas}) f. pl. pangs of
childbirth Sus'r.
aavii* = P. {-ve4ti} (but also {-va4yati} Nigh. ii, 8; pf. {-vivAya}, &c.) to undertake; to
hasten near, approach RV.; to grasp, seize AitUp.; to drive on or near RV.: Intens. (Pot.
3. pl. {A4-vavIran} TS. iii, 2, 9, 5) to tremble, be agitated; (for the noun {AvI} see {Avi},
and for {AvI} f. see {Avya}.)
aavidhya *= ind. p. having pierced &c.
aavirbhuutaM = having taken a physical form or incarnation
aavishya = entering
aavis'* =* = P. . {-vizati}, {-te} (inf. {A-vi4zam} RV. ii, 24, 6) to go or drive in or

towards; to approach, enter; to take possession of RV. AV. VS. S'Br. MBh. BhP. R. Mn.
&c.; to sit down, settle MBh.; to get or fall into; to reach, obtain; to become RV. MBh. R.
BhP. &c.: Caus. {-vezayati}, to cause to enter or approach; to cause to reach or obtain; to
deliver, offer, present; to make known RV. AV. AitBr. MBh. BhP. Ragh. Bhag. &c.
aavishh.h = to be possesed by
aavishhTaM = overwhelmed
aavishhTaH = overwhelmed
aavikshita = descendent of avikshit (i.e, marutta)
aavraj P. %{-vrajati}, to come near, proceed to S3Br. La1t2y. Mn. Ya1jn5. MBh. &c.; to
come back or home, return R. BhP. Sus3r. MBh. &c.aavriti * = f. covering, closing,
hiding.
aavrij * =. {-vRGkte} (Subj. {-va4rjate} RV. i, 33, 1; aor. {A74vRkta} RV. viii, 90, 16;
also P. aor. 1. sg. {A74vRkSam} RV. x, 159, 5) to turn or bring into the possession of,
procure for, bestow, give RV.; to turn or bring into one's own possession; to appropriate
RV. S'Br. BhP.; to be propitiated, favour BhP.: Caus. P. {-varjayati}, to turn over, incline,
bend Hariv. S'ak. Vikr. Ragh. Megh. &c.; to pour out Ragh. Kum.; to deliver BhP. Ragh.
&c.; to cause to yield, overcome; to gain one's favour, propitiate, attract Kaths. Das'. &c.
aavri * =1 1. P. {-vRNoti}, to cover, hide, conceal; to surround, enclose, shut,
comprehend, hem in; to keep off MBh. R. BhP. S'ak. Kaths. &c.: Caus. {-vArayati}, to
cover, enclose; to ward off, keep off MBh. R. BhP. VarBriS.

aavritya * =1 ind. p. 3. having covered &c. S'ak. MBh. &c.

aavrita = encircled/avrithA * = ind. not in vain, profitably L.
aavritaM = is covered
aavritaH = is covered
aavritaa = covered
aavritaaH = covered
aavrittiM = return
aavritya = covering
aavrishhthi = (fem) rain
aaveshita = fixed
aaves'ika *= mfn. own, peculiar ; inherent ; m. a guest, a visitor ; (%{am}) n. entering
into ; hospitable reception, hospitality L.
aaveshya = establishing
aavriyate = is covered
aavhayati = to call

aavya * =mf({AvI})n. (fr. {avi}), belonging to sheep TS.; woollen s'vGri.

aaya *= m. (fr. %{A-i}) , arrival , approach RV. ii , 38 , 10 ChUp. ; income , revenue ;
gain , profit Pa1n2. Mn. Ya1jn5. MBh. Hit. &c. ; the eleventh lunar mansion VarBr2S. ; a
die Jyot. ; the number four ib. ; N. of a kind of formulas inserted at particular occasions
of a sacrifice S3a1n3khS3r. Comm. ; the guard of the women's apartments L. [148,1]
aayaama *: extending, restraining, restrained, stopping
aayaata * = mfn. come, arrived, attained MBh. S'ak. Kaths. &c.; ({am}) n. abundance,
superabundance, Kir
aayaH = (m) income, earnings
aavyakta* = mfn. quite clear or intelligible R. vii, 88, 20.
aayaata *= mfn. come , arrived , attained MBh. S3ak. Katha1s. &c. ; (%{am}) n.
abundance , superabundance , Kira1t.
aayatana = place, position
aayatam.h = (n) rectangle
aayana *= 1 n. coming, approaching RV. AV. VS.; (for 2. {Ayana} see s.v
aayaana * =n. coming, arrival RV. viii, 22, 18 MBh. &c.; the natural temperament or
disposition L. (cf. {ayAna}.)

aayanaa.nsha = Precession of Equinoxes. Used to convert Tropical positions to Sidereal

aayaataH = have come
aayaatana = abode, resting place
aayata * = mfn. stretched, lengthened, put on (as an arrow); stretching, extending,
extended, spread over; directed towards, aiming at; extended, long, future MBh. R.
Sus'r. Ragh. S'is'. Kir. &c.; m. an oblong figure (in geometry); ({A}) f. a particular
interval (in music); ({am}), and ({ayA}) ind. without delay, on the spot, quickly S'Br.
aayatana n. resting-place, support, seat, place, home, house, abode TS. S3Br. ChUp.
AitBr. Mn. Ya1jn5. Kum. &c.; the place of the sacred fire (= %{agny-Ayatana}) Ka1tyS3r.
A1s3vS3r. and Gr2.; an altar; a shed for sacrifices; a sanctuary ChUp. R. Mn. Pan5cat.
&c.; a plot of ground, the site of a house; a barn Ya1jn5. ii, 154; the cause of a disease
Sus3r.; (with Buddhists) the five senses and Manas (considered as the inner seats or
A1yatanas) and the qualities perceived by the above (the outer A1yatanas).
aayu* = 1 2. A1. (%{A4-yuvate} RV. ix, 77, 2; pf. %{-yuyuve4} RV. i, 138, 1; p. %{yuva4mAna} RV. i, 582, and %{-yuvAna} S3Br. ix, 4, 1, 8) to draw or pull towards one's
self; to seize, take possession of RV. TBr. S3Br.; to procure, provide, produce TS.; to stir
up, agitate, mingle Ma1nS3r. and Gr2.: Intens. (p. %{-yo4yuvAna} RV. iv, 1, 11) to
meddle with.// 2 mfn. (fr. %{i} Un2. i, 2), living, movable RV. VS.; (%{us}) m. a living
being, man; living beings collectively, mankind RV.; son, descendant, offspring; family,
lineage RV.; a divine personification presiding over life RV. x, 17, 4; N. of fire (as the son
of Puru1ravas and Urvas3i1) VS. MBh. Hariv. (cf. %{Ayus}); N. of a man persecuted by
Indra RV.; N. of several other men MBh. Hariv. &c.; N. of a king of frogs MBh.; (%{u}) n.

[and (%{us}) m. L.] life, duration of life RV. iii, 3, 7; ix, 100, 1.
aayuH = [long] life
aayus * = n. life, vital power, vigour, health, duration of life, long life RV. AV. TS. S3Br.
Mn. MBh. Pan5cat. &c.; active power, efficacy RV. VS.; the totality of living beings [food
Sa1y.] RV. ii, 38, 5 and vii, 90, 6; N. of a particular ceremony (= %{AyuH-SToma} q.v.);
N. of a Sa1man; of the eighth lunar mansion; food L.; (%{us}) m. the son of Puru1ravas
and Urvas3i1 (cf. %{Ayu}) MBh. Vikr. VP.; [cf. Dor. $; perhaps also $.]
aayudhaM = weapons
aayudhadharmiNI* = f. the plant Sesbania AEgyptiaca (commonly called Jayant) L.
aayudhapAla* = m. the governor of an arsenal Hariv.
aayudhabhRt* = mfn. bearing arms; ({t}) m. a warrior VarBriS.
aayudhAgAra* = n. an armoury, arsenal Mn. MBh. Venis.; {-nara} m. governor of an
arsenal Hariv. {AyudhA7gArika} m. governor of an arsenal Hariv. [149, 2]
aayudha* = n. a weapon RV. AV. VS. R. Mn. MBh. Ragh. &c.; implement AV. x, 10, 18
AitBr. Kaus'.; gold used for ornaments L.; ({Ani}) n. pl. water L.
aayudhaanaaM = of all weapons
aayur* = (in comp. for {Ayus} below).

aayush* = (in comp. for {Ayus} below).

aayusha* = n. ifc. = {Ayus}, duration of life S'Br. Pacat. &c.
aayus* = n. life, vital power, vigour, health, duration of life, long life RV. AV. TS. S'Br.
Mn. MBh. Pacat. &c.; active power, efficacy RV. VS.; the totality of living beings [food
Sy.] RV. ii, 38, 5 and vii, 90, 6; N. of a particular ceremony (= {AyuH-SToma} q.v.); N.
of a Sman; of the eighth lunar mansion; food L.; ({us}) m. the son of Purravas and
Urvas' (cf. {Ayu}) MBh. Vikr. VP.; [cf. Dor. $; perhaps also $.]
aayushhkaaraka = Significator of Longevity which is Saturn
aayuta * = mfn. melted, mixed, mingled; ifc. combined with MBh. R. BhP.; ({A4yutam}) n. halfmelted butter MaitrS. AitBr.
aayojakaH = (m) organiser, sponsoraasava
abandhu = one who does not have any brothers / kinmen
abala = helpless (woman)
abalaa = (helpless) Woman
abuddhayaH = less intelligent persons
abodha = Ignorance
abda = Season of plenty

abdhi = sea
abdhii = (m) ocean, sea
abhaagin *= mfn. having no share ; not participating in , excluded from (gen.)
abhaavaH = changing quality
abhaavayataH = of one who is not fixed
abhaashhata = began to speak
abhadra * = mfn. inauspicious, mischievous; (%{am}) n. mischief.
abrahmaNya = Not kosher
abhajyamaana * = mfn. (Pass.) not being detached; not being vanquished, &c.
abhaashate - see aabhaasha
abhaktaaya = to one who is not a devotee
abhaankshu/abhaankta = have set apart *V = have given as share.
abhara: see abhr
abhavat.h = became

abraviit.h = spoke
abhavishhyat.h = will become
abhaya = freedom from fear *mf({A})n. unfearful, not dangerous, secure; ({a-bha4ya})
mfn. fearless, undaunted S'Br. xiv; m. N. of S'iva; of a natural son of Bimbisra; of a son
of Idhmajihva BhP.; of a river in Kraucadvpa BhP.; ({A}) f. the plant Terminalia
Chebula; ({a4-bhayam}) n. (ifc. f. {A}) absence or removal of fear, peace, safety, security
RV. &c. (cf. {a4bhaya-tama} below); `" safety "', (applied as proper name to) a child of
Dharma and his reign in Plakshadvpa BhP.; a kind of symbol procuring security Hcat.;
a sacrificial hymn recited to obtain personal security Kaus'.; the root of a fragrant grass,
Andropogon Muricatum.
abhayaM = fearlessness
abhaye = and fearlessness
abhi * = ind. (a prefix to verbs and nouns, expressing) to, towards, into, over, upon. (As
a prefix to verbs of motion) it expresses the notion or going towards, approaching, &c.
(As a prefix to nouns not derived from verbs) it expresses superiority, intensity, &c.; e.g.
%{abhi-tAmra}, %{abhi-nava} q.v. (As a separate adverb or preposition) it expresses
(with acc.) to, towards, in the direction of, against; into S3Br. and Ka1tyS3r.; for, for the
sake of; on account of; on, upon, with regard to, by, before, in front of; over. It may even
express one after the other, severally Pa1n2. 1-4, 91 e.g. %{vRkSaM@vRkSam@abhi},
tree after tree [cf. Gk. $; Lat. {ob}; Zend &18820[61,1] {aibi}, {aiwi}; Goth. {bi}; Old
High Germ. {bi1}].

abhibhavaat.h = having become predominant

abhibhava * = mfn. overpowering, powerful AV. i, 29, 4 [67,1]; m. prevailing,
overpowering, predominance Bhag. &c.; defeat, subjugation under (instr. or abl., or in
comp.); disregard, disrespect; humiliation, mortification.
abhibhuuya = surpassing
abhicara = m. a servant L.
abhichaara = black magic
abhicaara * = m. exorcising, incantation, employment of spells for a malevolent
purpose AV. &c.; magic (one of the Upapa1takas or minor crimes).\\ m. exorcising,
incantation A1p.\\ see %{abhi-car}.
abhidhaa *= 1 %{-dadhAti} , to surrender any one to (dat. ; aor. Subj. 2. du. %{dhAtam}) RV. i , 120 , 8 ; to bring upon (dat.) RV. ii , 23 , 6: A1. (rarely P.) to put on or
round , put on the furniture of a horse (cf. %{abhi4-hIta} below) RV. &c. ; to cover (a
country) with an army MBh. ii , 1090 ; to cover , protect RV. viii , 67 , 5 (aor. Pot. 2. pl. %
{-dhetana}) , &c. ; (in classical Sanskr2it generally) to set forth , explain , tell , speak to ,
address , say , name (cf. %{abhi4-hita} below): Pass. %{-dhIyate} , to be named or
called: Caus. %{-dhApayate} , to cause to name A1s3vGr2.: Desid. A1. %{-dhi4tsate} , to
intend to cover one's self RV. x , 85 , 30. \\ 2 f. name , appellation ; the literal power or
sense of a word Sa1h. ; a word , sound L. ; (%{A4s}) mf. surrounding VS. xxii , 3.
abhidhaana* = n. telling, naming, speaking, speech, manifesting; a name, title,
appellation, expression, word; a vocabulary, dictionary, lexicon; putting together,

bringing in close connection VPrt.; (compar. {-tara}) KaushBr.; ({I}) f. see s.v.
abhidhaasyati = explains
abhidhiiyate = is called
abhidhitsA * = f. desire of expressing or naming Kpr.
abhidhi * = 3. (impf. 3. pl. {abhy-adhinvan}) to satisfy Kthh. PBr.
abhidhii * = (perf. 1. sg. {-dIdhaya-}; p. . {-dI4dhyAna} RV. iv, 33, 9) to reflect upon,
consider RV. iii, 38, 1 and x, 32, 4.
abhigraha * = m. seizing taking hold of; attack, onset L.; defiance, challenge L.; robbing,
plundering L.; authority L.; a vow Jain
abhihitaa = described* = mfn. ( %{dhA}), harnessed or put to (as a horse) RV. AV.
S3Br.; named, called Mn. iii, 141, &c.; held forth, said, declared, spoken MBh. Mn. &c.;
spoken to Kum. &c.; m. N. of a chief L.; (%{am}) n. a name, expression, word.
abhii * = 1 mfn. fearless R. Ragh.\\ 2 ( %{i}), %{abhy-e4ti} (Imper. 2. sg. %{abhI74hi};
impf. 3. pl. %{-Ayan}, 3. sg. A1. %{-Ayata}; ind. p. %{abhI74tya}) to come near,
approach, go up to or towards (acc.) RV. &c.; (with %{sakAzam} or %{samIpam} or %
{pArzve}) id. Pan5cat.; to go along or after (acc.) RV. &c.; to enter, join, go over to Mn.
Bhat2t2.; (with a pr. p.) to begin to, (perf. 3. pl. %{abhI7yu4H}) S3Br.; to reach, obtain
RV. &c.; to get or fall into (acc.) MBh. &c.; to come to, fall to one's share (with acc.)
Bhat2t2.; (said of the sun) to rise (as if he came nearer; also with %{abhitarAm} [q. v.]
instead of %{abhi}) AitBr., (with %{astam}) to set MBh. i, 1797 (cf. %{abhy-aya}): Pass.

%{abhI7yate}, to be perceived, known BhP.: Intens. (1. pl. %{-Imahe}) to ask, request
RV. i, 24, 3.
abhiijya* = mfn. id. L.; m. a god L
abhiiksh * = ( %{IkS}) A1. (impf. 3. du. %{-ai4kSetAm}) to look towards (acc.) RV. x,
121, 6.
abhiikshNa *= mfn. (contr. of %{abhikSaNa} cf. Nir. ii, 25), constant, perpetual L. ; in
comp. for %{abhIkSNam} q.v. ; (%{am}) ind. repeatedly, again and again, perpetually,
constantly ; presently, at once ; very, exceedingly (in comp. %{abhIkSNa-}) Ra1jat.
abhiishtha *= mfn. wished , desired , dear TS. &c. ; m. a lover Pan5cat. Sa1h. (cf. %{tama} below) ; (%{A}) f. a mistress ; betel L. ; (%{am}) n. wish.
abhijaana* = n. remembrance, recollection; knowledge L.; ascertainment; a sign or
token of remembrance [62,3]; any sign or token serving as a proof for (loc. or {prati}) R.;
= {abhijJAna-zakuntala} q.v. Sh.
abhiipsita = desired
abhijanavaan.h = surrounded by aristocratic relatives
abhijaataH = born of
abhicaksh * =%{-caSTe} (2. sg. %{-cakSase} RV. v, 3, 9; Ved. Inf. %{-cakSase} RV.) to
look at, view, perceive RV. BhP.; to cast a kind or gracious look upon any one RV.; to
address BhP.; to assail with harsh language RV. vii, 104, 8; to call BhP.

abhicakshaNa* =n. conjuring, incantation AV. vi, 127, 2; (%{A}) f. (in augury or astron.)
observation (of the sky) AV. ix, 2, 21.
abhicakshya * =mfn. manifest RV. viii, 4, 7.
abhidaa * = 1. %{-dadAti}, to give, bestow (for a purpose) MBh. iii, 13309.
abhidadi * = m. an oblation of boiled rice (%{caru}) upon which ghee has been
sprinkled TS.
abhidah * = to singe, burn RV. ii, 4, 7 (aor.p. %{abhi-da4kSat} [Padap. %{-da4kSat}])
S3Br. &c.
abhihita * = mfn. ( %{dhA}), harnessed or put to (as a horse) RV. AV. S3Br. ; named,
called Mn. iii, 141, &c. ; held forth, said, declared, spoken MBh. Mn. &c. ; spoken to
Kum. &c. ; m. N. of a chief L. ; (%{am}) n. a name, expression, word.
abhijaa* = %{-jAnAti}, %{-nIte}, to recognize, perceive, know, be or become aware of;
to acknowledge, agree to, own; to remember (either with the fut, p. or with %{yad} and
impf.) Pa1n2. 2-2, 112 seqq. Bhat2t2.
abhija* = mf(%{A})n. knowing, skilful, clever; understanding, conversant with (gen. or
ifc.); (%{A}) f. remembrance, recollection Pa1n2. 3-2, 112; supernatural science or
faculty of a Buddha (of which five are enumerated, viz. 1. taking any form at will; 2.
hearing to any distance; 3. seeing to any distance; 4. penetrating men's thoughts; 5.
knowing their state and antecedents).
abhijaatasya = of one who is born of

abhijaananti = they know

abhijaanaati = does know
abhijaayate = becomes manifest
abhijita = A nakshatra between uttaraashhDhaa and shravaNa mainly centred on the
star Vega. For some reason it is not usually included in the 27 nakshatras although it
would make 28 if it was. adhipatii - Lord
abhijit * = mfn. victorious VS. xv, 7; born under the constellation Abhijit Pn. 4-3, 36,
(cf. {Abhijita}); ({t}) m. N. of a Soma sacrifice (part of the great sacrifice Gavm-ayana)
AV. S'Br. &c.; N. of a son [Hariv.] or of the father [VP.] of Punarvasu; of Vishnu L.; N. of
a star (a Lyrae) L.; of the 20th (or 22nd) Nakshatra AV. &c.; the eighth Muhrta of the
day (about midday) Kaus'. &c.
abhijin.hmuhuurta = the most auspicious moment
abhikshadaa * = [Padap. %{abhi-kSa-dA4}] mfn. giving without being asked RV. vi, 50, 1
; [according to the Padap. (cf. %{abhi-kSattR4}) `" destroying, a destroyer "' Sa1y.]
abhikrama = in endeavoring
abhimaana = self-importance * = m. intention to injure, insidiousness KtyS'r.; high
opinion of one's self, self-conceit, pride, haughtiness; (in Snkhya phil.) = {abhi-mati},
above; conception (especially an erroneous one regarding one's self) Sh. &c.; affection,
desire; N. of a Riishi in the sixth Manvantara VP. \\ see %{nir-abhImAna}.\\ see %
{abhi-man}. \\ see %{nir-abhImAna}.

abhimaanatA * = f. pride, arrogance.

abhimaanavat * = mfn. conceiving or having ideas about self ; proud, arrogant.
abhimaanazAlin * = mfn. proud, arrogant Kir. ii, 48. [67,2]
abhimaanazUnya * = mfn. void of conceit, humble.
abhimaati * = mfn. insidious RV. v, 23, 4 and x, 18, 9 ; (%{is}) f. striving to injure RV. ;
an enemy, foe RV. AV. S3Br.
abhimanaH = conceit
abhimanas * = mfn. `" having the mind directed towards "', desirous of, longing for
(acc.) R. &c.
abhimanaaya * = Nom. A1. (Opt. %{-manAyeta}) to long for, desire Bhat2t2. (cf. g. %
{bhRzA7di}): Desid. %{-mimAnayiSate} Pat.
abhimata * mfn. longed for, wished, desired; loved, dear; allowed s'vGri.; supposed,
imagined; ({am}) n. desire, wish.
abhimata * = mfn. longed for, wished, desired ; loved, dear ; allowed A1s3vGr2. ;
supposed, imagined ; (%{am}) n. desire, wish.
abhimatataa * = f. agreeableness, desirableness ; desire, love.
abhimati * = f. self reference, referring all objects to self (as the act of Aham2ka1ra or

personality) BhP.
abhimriSTa* = touched, struck
abhimukhaaH = towards
abhinanda * = m. the delight, pleasure (of sensuality) S3Br. xiv ChUp.; wish, desire for
(ifc.) Sus3r.; N. of the first month; N. of a commentator on the Amara-kosha; N. of the
author of the Yoga-va1sisht2hasa1ra; (%{A}) f. delight L.; wish L.
abhinandita * = mfn. delighted , made happy , saluted , applauded , &c.
abhinandya * = 1 mfn. = %{abhi-nandanIya} S3a1k. Ragh. v, 31.\\ 2 ind. p. having
rejoiced at; having gladdened.
abhinandatii = praises
abhinanda *= m. the delight, pleasure (of sensuality) S3Br. xiv ChUp.; wish, desire for
(ifc.) Sus3r.; N. of the first month; N. of a commentator on the Amara-kosha; N. of the
author of the Yoga-va1sisht2hasa1ra; (%{A}) f. delight L.; wish L.
abhinandana *= n. delighting L.; praising, applauding L.; wish, desire L.; (%{as}) m.
N. of the fourth Jaina Arhat of the present Avasarpin2i1.
abhinaya = acting * = m. (indication of a passion or purpose by look, gesture, &c.)
acting, dramatic action (expressive of sentiment)
abhinivesha = possessiveness

abhipaata *= m. hastening near Ka1d.

abhipravrittaH = being fully engaged
abhipraayaH = (m) opinion
abhiprayaa *= (Imper. 2. pl. %{-yAtha4na}) to come towards, approach RV. viii, 27, 6 ;
to set out, march off, go to battle MBh. &c.
abhipraaya *= m. aim Pa1n2. 1-3, 72 ; purpose, intention, wish R. &c. ; opinion Mn. vii,
57, &c. ; meaning, sense (as of a word or of a passage).
abhipracakS * =(Ved. Inf. %{-ca4kSe}) to see RV. i, 113, 6.
abhipreta * = mfn. meant , intended R. &c. ; accepted , approved Nir. &c. [66,3] ; to
whom one's heart is devoted , dear MBh. S3a1k. &c.
abhiraama * = mf({A}) n. pleasing, delightful, agreeable, beautiful; m. N. of Siva; 1.
({am}) ind. so as to be agreeable to (in comp.) S'k.; (for 2. {abhi-rAmam} see s.v.
below.)
abhiraamastrilokaanaaM = the laudable rAma for all the three worlds
abhirabh A1. (perf. 3. pl. %{-rebhire}) to embrace BhP.: Caus. perf. Pass. p. %{rambhita} see below.
abhirataH = following

abhirakshantu = should give support

abhirakshitaM = perfectly protected
abhirakshitam.h = who has been well protected
abhiram*= %{-ramate} , to dwell A1s3vGr2. ; to repose S3a1n3khGr2. Mn. iii , 251
Ya1jn5. i , 251 ; to delight in , be delighted MBh. &c. Caus. %{-rA4mayati} , to gladden
MBh. &c. ; to delight in , to be delighted.
abhirata * = mfn. reposing Ya1jn5. i, 251 ; pleased or contented with (loc.), satisfied ;
engaged in, attentive to (loc.), performing, practising.
abhirati * = f. pleasure, delighting in (loc. or in comp.) Ragh. ix, 7, &c. ; N. of a world
Buddh.
abhisamaagam *= to approach together Nir. ; to come to (acc.) MBh. xi , 445.
abhisaMhan * = (ind. p. %{-hatya}) to combine , confederate MBh.
abhisaMhata * = mfn. attacked , assailed BhP.
abhisaMhita * = see %{-saM-dhA}.
abhisaMhita * = mfn. aimed at ; agreed upon R. v , 82 , 5 ; acknowledged by (in comp.)
MBh. xii , 4793 ; overcome ; (ifc.) connected with , attached to MBh. &c.
abhisandhaaya = desiring

abhizam * = %{-zAmyati} , to be calmed , cease MBh. xii , 6020.

abhizaMs * = to accuse , blame , calumniate TS. &c. ; (2. sg. %{-zaMsasi} ; ind. p. %{zasya}) to praise R. ii , 11 , 16 and 23 , 8.
abhizaMsaka * = mfn. accusing L. ; insulting L.
abhizaMsana * = n. accusation ; insult (with gen.) Mn. vlii , 268 ; `" accusation "' ifc.
e.g. %{anRtA7bhizaMsana} [Gaut.] or %{mithyA7bhizaMsana} [Ya1jn5. ii , 289] a false
accusation.
abhizaMsin see %{mithyA7bhizaMsin}.
abhishhi.nchati = performs' puuja', by pouring water etc. on the idol
abhishhekaM = ablution
abhishthTava *= m. praise , eulogy BhP.
abhitaH = everywhere
abhitaD.h = to strike
abhivan *= (impf. 3. pl. %{-avanvan}) to long for , desire
abhivand * = . (rarely P.) to salute respectfully
abhivandaka* = mfn. having the intention to salute Jain.

abhi-vandana * n. saluting respectfully

abhivicaksh * =%{-caSTe}, to look towards RV. iii, 55, 9 AV. ii, 10, 4.
abhivikhyaa * = to look at, view VS. Gobh.
abhivikhyaata* = mfn. universally known, renowned, known as, called MBh. &c.
abhiviraaj * = (= %{vi-rAj}, `" to govern "') Nir. ; to shine, be radiant MBh. &c.
abhiviraajita * = mfn. quite bright or brilliant MBh.abhikSsham * = (Opt. %{kSameta} ; Imper. 2. pl. %{-kSa4madhvam}) to be gracious, propitious to (dat. or loc.)
RV. ; to pardon (perf. Opt. 2. sg. %{-cakSamIthAH}) RV. ii, 33, 7.
abhimaana m. intention to injure, insidiousness Ka1tyS3r. ; high opinion of one's self,
self-conceit, pride, haughtiness ; (in Sa1n2khya phil.) = %{abhi-mati}, above ;
conception (especially an erroneous one regarding one's self) Sa1h. &c. ; affection, desire
; N. of a R2ishi in the sixth Manvantara VP.
abhivyaJjana * = n. making manifest L.
abhiyaachanaa = (f) demand
abhiyuktaanaaM = fixed in devotion
abhivijvalanti = and are blazing
abhiyaata * = mfn. approached; attacked.

abhukta * = mfn. uneaten; unenjoyed, unused, unexpended; one who has not eaten,
enjoyed or expended.
abhuuta* = mfn. whatever has not been or happened.
abhyaacaksh * = (impf. %{-A7caSTa}) to look at (acc.) BhP.; to speak BhP.
abhyaakarsha 8 = m. ( {kRS}), a striking of the flat of the hand upon the breast in
defiance (a practice common to wrestlers and pugilists) MBh. i, 7109.
abhyaanana * = mfn. having the face turned towards BhP.
abhyaasa* = reaching to, pervading Yj. iii, 114; (with {yad} and Pot.) prospect, any
expected result or consequence ChUp.; proximity (with gen. or abl.) R. &c.; (mfn.) near
Kum. vi, 2; ({am}) ind. near, at hand AitBr. PBr.; ({e}) loc. ind. near (with gen. or abl.)
R. &c.; ({At}) abl. in comp. with (a perf. Pass. p., as) {Agata}, &c., arrived from near at
hand, &c. Pn. 2-1, 39 Sch. & vi, 3, 2 Sch.
abhyaasa* = 2 m. the act of adding anything, S'ulb.; (in Gr.) `" what is prefixed "', the
first syllable of a reduplicated radical Pn.; reduplication Nir.; repetition Mn. xii, 74,
&c.; (in poetry) repetition of the last verse of a stanza [Nir.] or of the last word of a
chapter [Comm. on AitBr.]; (in arithm.) multiplication; repeated or permanent exercise,
discipline, use, habit, custom [77, 1]; repeated reading, study; military practice L.; (in
later Vednta phil.) inculcation of a truth conveyed in sacred writings by means of
repeating the same word or the same passage; (in Yoga phil.) the effort of the mind to
remain in its unmodified condition of purity (sattva).
abhyaasha = outskirts

abhyaasa = study
abhyaasayoga = by practice
abhyaasayogena = by the practice of devotional service
abhyaasaat.h = than practice
abhyaase = in practice
abhyaasena = by practice
abhyaasa * = see ({abhy-} 1. {az} and) 2. {abhy-} 2. {as}.
abhyadhikaH = greater
abhyahanyanta = were simultaneously sounded
abhyam *= %{abhy-a4mIti} (VS. [quoted in Pa1n2. 7-2, 34 Sch. ; cf. also ib. 3, 95 Sch.]
; 2. sg. %{-a4mISi} ; 3. pl. Subj. %{-ama4nti} and impf. A1. %{-a4manta}) to advance
violently against, pain, hurt RV. i, 189, 3 ; vii, 25, 2 and x, 86, 8 VS.
abhyanunaadayan.h = resounding
abhyarchya = by worshiping
abhyard * = to oppress, afflict, pain R.: Caus. id. BhP.

abhyardha * = m. only (%{e4}) loc. ind. opposite to, in the face of (abl.) S3Br.
abhyardhas * = ind. apart, separate from (abl.) MaitrS. TS. [76,2]
abhyardhayajvan * = (6) mfn. (said of Pu1shan) receiving sacrifices apart or separate
ones RV. vi, 50, 5.
abhyardita * = mfn. (fr. Caus.) distressed, oppressed MBh. i, 4116 Pa1n2. 7-2, 25 Sch.
abhyarhaNa * = n. reverencing, honouring BhP.
abhyasanaM = practice
abhyasuuyakaaH = envious
abhyasuuyati = is envious
abhyasuuyantaH = out of envy
abhyavarsha: A* heaped with, showerd by, covered with, poured over
abhyutthaanaM = predominance
abhyudaya = rise, prosperity * = m. sunrise or rise of luminaries (during or with
reference to some other occurrence) Ka1tyS3r. Jaim.; beginning, commencing (as of
darkness, &c.) R.; elevation, increase, prosperity, happiness, good result Mn. iii, 254 R.
&c.; a religious celebration, festival Mn. ix, 84.

abhyupAyana * = n. a complimentary gift, an inducement BhP.

abhyupeta* = mfn. approached, arrived at (acc.) MBh. i, 3592 Ragh. v, 14; (with %
{gRham}) staying in a house VarBr2S.; furnished with (in comp. [VarBr2S.] or instr.);
agreed upon, assented to Das3.; promised Megh.
abhraM = cloud
abhr * = cl. 1. P. {abhrati} (perf. {Anabhra}) to error wander about Bhathth.
acara* = or {a4-carat} [RV.] mfn. immovable.
acaraM = and not moving
acarasya = and nonmoving
acala = (adj) still, stationary
acalaM = unmoving
acalaH = immovable
acalapratishhThaM = steadily situated
acalaa = unflinching
acalena = without its being deviated

acakshus.h = one without an eye

acaapalaM = determination
acetana* = mfn. without consciousness, inanimate; unconscious, insensible, senseless,
fainting, &c.
acetAna* =mfn. thoughtless, infatuated RV. vii, 4, 7.
acetas* =mfn. imprudent RV.; unconscious, insensible.
acintya = inconceivable
acintyaM = beyond contemplation
acintyaH = inconceivable
aciraad.h = without delay/in no time
aciraadbhava = in no time from the cycle of birth\&death
acireNa = very soon
acetasaH = without KRishhNa consciousness
acchedyaH = unbreakable
achyuta = O infallible one

achyutam.h = the who does not slip

acit* = mfn. without understanding RV.; irreligious, bad RV.; (the NBD. suggests to take
{a-ci4t} as a f. `" not-knowledge "' Sy. sometimes explains by {ci}, `" neglecting the
Agnicayana, irreligious); {a-cit} f. not-spirit, matter Sarvad.
aH = (v) to be
aD * = 1 cl. 1. P. %{aDati}, to endeavour L.
ad * = 1 cl.2. P. %{a4tts}, %{Ada}, %{atsyati}, %{attum}, to eat, consume, devour, Ved.
Inf. %{a4ttave} RV.: Caus. %{Ada4yati} and %{-te} (once %{adayate} [A1pS3r.]) to feed
[cf. Lith. {edmi}; Slav. {jamj} for {jadmj}; Gk. $; Lat. {edo}; Goth. root {AT} pres. {ita};
Germ. &5166[17,3] {essen}; Eng. {to} {eat}, Arm. {utem}].\\ad mfn. ifc. `" eating "', as
%{matsyA7d}, eating fish.
addhA * = ind. (fr. %{ad}, or %{a}, this), Ved. in this way; manifestly; certainly, truly.
ad.h = to eat
a-daara * = having no wife
adara * = not little, much.
adatta * = mfn. not given; given unjustly; not given in marriage; one who has given
nothing AV.; (%{A}) f. an unmarried girl; (%{am}) n. a donation which is null and void
Comm. on Ya1jn5.

acala * = mf(%{A})n. not moving, immovable; m. a mountain, rock; a bolt or pin; the
number seven; N. of S3iva and of the first of the nine deified persons, called `" white
Balas "' among the Jainas; of a Devarshi VP.; (%{A}) f. the earth; one of the ten degrees
which are to be ascended by a Bodhisattva before becoming a Buddha.
acara * = or {a4-carat} [RV.] mfn. immovable.
acarama * = mfn. not last, not least ; said of the Maruts RV. v, 58, 5.
acikara* V: let made, let be done
adadat.h = gave
adambha* = mfn. free from deceit, straightforward m. N. of S'iva; absence of deceit;
straightforwardness.
aadaahyaH = unable to be burneddambhitvaM = pridelessness
adarshaH = mirror
adas * = nom. mf. %{asau4} (voc. %{a4sau} MaitrS.) n. %{ada4s}, (opposed to %
{ida4m} q.v.), that, a certain, (%{adas}) ind. thus, so, there.
adatta V* assume, * n= mfn. not given; given unjustly; not given in marriage; one who
has given nothing AV.; ({A}) f. an unmarried girl; ({am}) n. a donation which is null and
void Comm. on Yj.
adakshiNaM = with no remunerations to the priests

adhika * = mfn. additional, subsequent, later; surpassing (in number or quantity or

quality), superior, more numerous; abundant; excellent; supernumerary, redundant;
secondary, inferior; intercalated; (%{am}) n. surplus, abundance, redundancy,
hyperbole ind. exceedingly, too much; more.
adbhuta = the sentiment of marvel* =mfn. extraordinary; see s.v. \\ [once {adbhuta4}
RV. i, 120, 4] mfn. (see 1. {at}), supernatural, wonderful, marvellous m. the marvellous
(in style), surprise; N. of the Indra of the ninth Manvantara, ({am}) n. a marvel, a
wonder, a prodigy.
adbhutaM = wonderful
adbhuutaM = wonderfull
addhaa V* = directly, *= ind. (fr. %{ad} , or %{a} , this) , Ved. in this way ; manifestly ;
certainly , truly
adesha = at an unpurified place
adhaH = (indeclinable) below
adhana = one without money
adhama = inferior* = mfn. (see {a4dhara}), lowest, vilest, worst, very low or vile or bad
(often ifc., as in {narA7dhama}, the vilest or worst of men); m. an unblushing paramour,
({A}) f. a low or bad mistress [cf. Lat. {infimus}].
adhamaaM = condemned

adhamaadhama = the worst among the inferior

adhara = Lip
adharaM = lips
adharaH = (m) lips
adhara- * = o the lower position of something *= mfn. (connected with %{adha4s}),
lower, inferior, tending downwards; low, vile; worsted, silenced; m. the lower lip, the lip,
(%{A4t}) abl. ind. see s.v. below; (%{asmAt}) abl. ind. below L.; (%{A}) f. the lower
region, nadir; (%{am}) n. the lower part, a reply, pudendum muliebre L. [Lat. {inferus}]
adharaya Nom. P. %{adharayati}, to make inferior, put under ; eclipse, excel.
adharma = breach of duty* m. unrighteousness, injustice, irreligion, wickedness;
demerit, guilt; N. of a Prajpati (son of Brahm, husband of Hins or Mriish); N. of an
attendant of the sun; ({A}) f. unrighteousness (personified and represented as the bride
of death).
adharmaM = irreligion
adharmaH = irreligion
adharmachaarii = adj. impious
adharmasya = of irreligion

adhas * = ind. (see %{a4dhara}), below, down ; in the lower region ; beneath, under ;
from under (with acc. gen., and abl.) ; also applied to the lower region and to the
pudendum muliebre [cf. Lat. {infra}].
adhastaat * = ind.= %{adha4s} q.v.
adhasgama * = m. or descent, downward movement, degradation.
adhasthita * = mfn. standing below ; situated below.
adhaupaasana* = n. sexual intercourse Comm. on BrirUp.
adhi * = 1 m. (better {Adhi} q.v.), anxiety, ({is}) f. a woman in her courses (= {avi} q.v.)
L.
a4dhi *=, as a prefix to verbs and nouns, expresses above, over and above, besides. As a
separable adverb or preposition; (with abl.) Ved. over; from above, from; from the
presence of; after AitUp.; for; instead of RV. i, 140, 11, (with loc.) Ved. over; on; at; in
comparision with; (with acc.) over, upon, concerning.
adhii * =, or {a4dhy-eti} (exceptionally {adhI7yati} RV. x, 32, 3), to turn the mind
towards, observe, understand RV. and AV.; chiefly Ved. (with gen. [cf. Pn. 2-3, 72] or
acc.) to mind, remember, care for, long for RV. &c.; to know, know by heart TS. S'Br.
Up. &c.; to go over, study MBh. iii, 13689; to learn from (a teacher's mouth abl.) MBh.
iii, 10713; to declare, teach S'Br. x Up.: . {adhI7te4} or (more rarely) {adhI7yate} (Mn.
iv, 125; Pot. 3. pl. {adhI7yIran} Kaus'. Mn. x, 1) to study, learn by heart, read, recite:
Caus. {adhy-Apayati} (aor. {-Apipat} Pn. 2-4, 51) to cause to read or study, teach,
instruct: Caus. Desid. {adhy-Apipa-yiSati}, to be desirous of teaching Pn. 2-4, 51: Desid.

{adhI7SiSati}, to be desirous of studying Pn. 8-3, 61 Sch.

adhiikaara* = (= {adhi-kAra}) m. superintendence over (loc.) Mn. xi, 63; authorization,
capability MBh.
adhiina *= mfn. (fr. %{adhi}) ifc. resting on or in , situated ; depending on , subject to ,
subservient to.
adhiira * = mfn. imprudent RV. i, 179, 4 AV.; not fixed, movable; confused; deficient in
calm self-command; excitable; capricious; querulous; weak-minded, foolish; (%{A}) f.
lightning; a capricious or bellicose mistress.
adhiraat V= acquired kingdom; {sastri} imperial
adhibhih *- etcetetera, and such, the combination or collection of things
adhibhuta = the principle of objective existence
adhibhuutaM = the material manifestation
adhidaiva = the principle of subjective existence
adhidaivaM = governing all the demigods
adhidaivataM = called adhidaiva
adhigaa * = 1. P. to obtain; P. (aor. Subj. 2. pl. %{-gAta}, or %{-gAtana}) to remember,
notice RV. and AV.; P. or generally A1. (%{-jage}, %{-agISTa}, %{-agISyata} Pa1n2.) to

go over, learn, read, study; to attempt, resolve: Caus. P. %{-gApayati}, to cause to go over
or teach: Desid. Caus. %{-jigApayiSati}, to be desirous of teaching Pa1n2. 2-4, 51.
adhigachchhati = attains
adhigaN* to enumerate, to value highly BhP.
adhigam* = to go up to, approach, overtake, to approach for sexual intercourse, to fall in
with, to meet, find, discover, obtain; to accomplish; to study, read: Desid. P. {adhijigamiSati}, to seek; . {adhi-jigAMsate}, to be desirous of studying or reading.
adhigamana * = n. acquisition; finding; acquirement, reading, study; marriage,
copulation.
adhigamanIya * = or mfn. attainable
adhigamya = having gone toadhigamanIyagamya * = mfn. attainable; practicable to be
learnt.
adhigantri* = {tA} m. one who attains or acquires. acquirement, mastery, study,
knowledge [21, 1]; mercantile return, profit, &c.
adhigartya* = (5) mfn. being on the driver's seat RV. v, 62, 7.
adhigata* = mfn. found, obtained, acquired; gone over, studied, learnt.
adhika *= mfn. additional , subsequent , later ; surpassing (in number or quantity or
quality) , superior , more numerous ; abundant ; excellent ; supernumerary , redundant ;

secondary , inferior ; intercalated ; (%{am}) n. surplus , abundance , redundancy ,

hyperbole ind. exceedingly , too much ; more.
adhikaara * = m. authority; government, rule, administration, jurisdiction; royalty,
prerogative; title; rank; office; claim, right, especially to perform sacrifices with benefit;
privilege, ownership; property; reference, relation; a topic, subject; a paragraph or
minor section; (in Gr.) government, a governing-rule (the influence of which over any
number of succeeding rules is called anu-vriitti q.v.)
adhika = additional* =mfn. additional, subsequent, later; surpassing (in number or
quantity or quality), superior, more numerous; abundant; excellent; supernumerary,
redundant; secondary, inferior; intercalated; ({am}) n. surplus, abundance, redundancy,
hyperbole ind. exceedingly, too much; more.
adhikaM = more
adhikaH = greater
adhikataraH = very much
adhikaaraH = right
adhikaariin.h = (m) officer
adhimaatra = superior
adhimaatraatama = the highest, the supreme one

adhipa = protector * m. a ruler, commander, regent, king.

adhipaa* = {As} m. Ved. a ruler, king, sovereign.
adhipati = lord
adhipa *= m. a ruler, commander, regent, king.
adhipA *= %{As} m. Ved. a ruler, king, sovereign.
adhipAMzula *= or %{-pAMsula} mfn. being dusty above ; dusty.
adhipatham *= ind. over or across a road S3Br.
adhipati *= m. = %{adhi-pa} ; (in med.) a particular part of the head (where a wound
proves instantly fatal).
adhipativatI *= (%{a4dhipati-}) f. containing the lord in herself MaitrUp.
adhipatnI *= f. a female sovereign or ruler.
adhishthhita* mfn. settled; inhabited; superintended; regulated; appointed;
superintending.
adhiyaGYa = the principle of sacrifice, incarnation
adhiyaGYaH = the Supersoul

adhivaasa = dwelling
adhiishtha* = mfn. (3. {iS}), solicited, asked for instruction (as a teacher) Pn.; ({as}? or
{am}) m. n. instruction given by a teacher solicited for it Pn. Sch.
adhishhThaana = seat, abode
adhishhThaanaM = sitting place
adhishThaana * = n. standing by, being at hand, approach; standing or resting upon; a
basis, base; the standing-place of the warrior upon the car Sa1mavBr.; a position, site,
residence, abode, seat; a settlement, town, standing over; government, authority, power;
a precedent, rule; a benediction Buddh.
adhishhThaaya = being so situated
adhiis'vara * = m. a supreme lord or king, an emperor; an Arhat J
adhisari = competent candidate
adhishthhita* = mfn. settled; inhabited; superintended; regulated; appointed;
superintending.
adhiita = studied
adhiitaa = studied
adhiiyaanaH = studied

Adhokshaja * = m. N. of Vishn2u or Kr2ishn2a; the sign S3ravan2a1.

Adhokshajam * =[Ka1tyS3r.] or ind. under the axle.
adhoksheNa * = [As3vS3r.] ind. under the axle.
adhomukha = face downwards
adhomukhashvaanaasana = the dog stretch posture
adhRta*= mfn. not held, unrestrained, uncontrolled; unquiet, restless TS.; m. N. of
Vishn2u (see also aadhRta)
adhunaa = recently *= ind. at this time, now. [23,1]
adhruva * = mf({A}) n. not fixed, not permanent; uncertain, doubtful; separable.
adhvan * = %{A} m. a road, way, orbit; a journey, course; distance; time Buddh. and
Jain.; means, method, resource; the zodiac (?), sky, air L.; a place; a recension of the
Vedas and the school upholding it; assault (?); ifc. %{adhva}, %{as}. [24,1]
adhvara * = mfn. ( %{dhvR}), not injuring AV. TS.; (%{a4s}) m. a sacrifice (especially
the Soma sacrifice); N. of a Vasu; of the chief of a family; (%{am}) n. sky or air L.
adhyaksha *= mf(%{A})n. perceptible to the senses , observable ; exercising supervision
; m. an eye-witness ; an inspector , superintendent ; the plant Mimusops Kauki (%
{kSIrikA}).

adhyayana = study
adhyayanaiH = or Vedic study
adhyaksheNa = by superintendence
adhyaksha* = mf({A})n. perceptible to the senses, observable; exercising supervision; m.
an eye-witness; an inspector, superintendent; the plant Mimusops Kauki ({kSIrikA}).
adhibhUta* = n. the spiritual or fine substratum of material or gross objects; the all
penetrating influence of the Supreme Spirit [21,3]; the Supreme Spirit itself; nature;
(a4m) ind. on material objects (treated of in the Upanishads) S3Br. xiv TUp.
adhidaiva* = or %{-daivata} n. a presiding or tutelary deity, the supreme deity, the divine
agent operating in material objects; (%{am}) ind. on the subject of the deity or the divine
agent.
adhyaapayituM = to teach (infinitive of causative of adhi+i, to study)
adhyaapikaa = (f) lady teacher
adhyaasa = a case of mistaken identity * = m. (2. {as}), imposing (as of a foot) Yj.; (in
phil.) = {adhy-Aropa}; an appendage RPrt
adhyaatma = the principle of self * = n. the Supreme Spirit; (mfn.), own, belonging to
self; ({a4m}) ind. concerning self or individual personali
adhyaatma* = n. the Supreme Spirit; (mfn.), own, belonging to self; (%{a4m}) ind.

concerning self or individual personality.

adhyaatmaM = transcendental
adhyaatmavidyaa = spiritual knowledge
adhyaas * = to sit down or lie down upon , to settle upon ; to occupy as one's seat or
habitation ; to get into , enter upon ; to be directed to or upon ; to affect , concern ; to
preside over , influence , rule ; to cohabit with: Caus. P. %{adhy-Asayati} , to cause to sit
down Bhat2t2.: Desid. (p. %{adhyAsisiSamANa}) to be about to rise up to (acc.)
Bhat2t2.
adhyopatya = Lordshipadhyeshhyate = will study
adhyas *= 2. to throw or place over or upon ; (in phil.) to attribute or impute wrongly.
adhruvaM = temporary
adhyuuh * = 1. to lay on, overlay ; to place upon, to raise above.
adhyuuDha * = mfn. ( %{vah}), raised, exalted ; affluent ; abundant ; m. the son of a
woman pregnant before marriage [cf. 1. %{saho7Dha}] ; S3iva ; (%{A}) f. a wife whose
husband has married an additional wife.
adhvan.h = road
adhvaan.h = (m) road, path, way

advayam * V: without a second

advitiiya * = mfn. without a second, sole, unique; matchless.
aditii = the mother of the gods
aditya = (m) sun
adrishhTa = Unseen, fortune, luck * = or mfn. unseen, unforeseen, invisible, not
experienced, unobserved, unknown, unsanctioned\\2[S3Br.] mfn. unseen, unforeseen,
invisible, not experienced, unobserved, unknown, unsanctioned; m. N. of a particular
venomous substance or of a species of vermin AV., (%{am}) n. unforeseen danger or
calamity, that which is beyond the reach of observation or consciousness, (especially the
merit or demerit attaching to a man's conduct in one state of existence and the
corresponding reward or punishment with which he is visited in another); destiny, fate:
luck, bad luck.
adrishhTapuurvaM = never seen before
adya = today
adri *= a stone, a rock, a mountain; a stone for pounding Soma with or grinding it on
adrohaH = freedom from envy
advaasana = the prone posture
advitiiyaH = the inseparable or the non-dual

adveshhTaa = nonenvious
advaita = non-duality of the universal spirit
agaccha* = mfn. not going L.; m. a tree L.
agaadha *: not shallow, deep, unfathomable m. a hole, chasm L.; N. of one of the five
fires at the Svadhkra Hariv.
agata = not past
agatasuuMscha = agata + asuun.h + cha:undeparted life + and (living people)
agatvaa = without going (from gam.h)
agama = proof of the trustworthiness of a source of knowledge
agama * = not going, unable to go m. a mountain L.: a tree [ef. {a-ga}].
agamya * = mfn. unfit to be walked in, or to be approached ; not to be approached
(sexually) ; inaccessible ; unattainable [4,3] ; unintelligible ; unsuitable.
agamyaa * = f. a woman with whom cohabitation is forbidden.
agastamaasa = month of August
agochara = (adj) unknown

agni = fire
agniH = fire
agniparvataH = (m) volcano, volcanic cone
agnipetikaa = (f) matchbox
agnishalaakaa = (f) matchstick
agnishhu = in the fires
agnitraya: n. or the three sacred fires, called respectively Grhapatya, havanya, and
Dakshina
agnau = in the fire of consummation
agra = (neut in this sense) tip
agra* = mfn. (fr. {aGg} Un.), foremost, anterior, first, prominent, projecting, chief, best
L.; supernumerary L.; ({A}) f. [scil. {rekhA}] measure of amplitude (i.e. the distance
from the extremity of the gnomon-shadow to the line of the equinoctial shadow) Sryas.;
({am}) n. foremost point or part; tip; front; uppermost part, top, summit, surface; point;
and hence, figuratively, sharpness; the nearest end, the beginning; the climax or best
part; goal, aim; multitude L.; a weight, equal to a pala L.; a measure of food given as
alms L.; (in astron.) the sus amplitude; ({am}) ind. in front, before, ahead of;
({a4greNa}) ind. in front, before (without or with acc.) S'Br.; (a4gre) ind. in front, ahead
of, in the beginning, first; further on, subsequently, below (in a book); from - up to ({A})

S'Br., before (in time) AitUp. &c. [cf. Gk. $].

agraahya* = mfn. not to be conceived or perceived or obtained or admitted or trusted, to
be rejected.
agrabIja* = mfn. (said of plants) propagated by cuttings m. a viviparous plant.
agrabhU* = mfn. being at the top, at the head of.
agraga* = m. a leader.
agrahasta* = m. = {-pANi}; the tip of an elephant's trunk Vikr.; finger R.
agrahAra* = m. royal donation of land to Brhmans; land or village thus given MBh.
agraha* = mfn. = {mukhya} (Comm.) MBh. iii, 14189 BR. propose to read {agra-ha},
destroying the best part m. non acceptance, a houseless man i.e. a Vnaprastha a
Brhman of the third class L.
agrahAyaNa* = m. `" commencement of the year "'N. of a Hind month ({mArgazIrSa},
beginning about the 12th of November). [6,3]
agrajAti* = m. a Brahman L.
agrajyA* = f. sine of the amplitude Sryas.
agrakara* = m. the fore &1592[6, 2] part of the hand, finger; first ray S'is'.

agrapA* = mfn. drinking first MBh.

agrapeya* = n. precedence in drinking AitBr.
agraM = at the tip
agretvan* = mf({arI})n. going in front AV.
agrii* m. a word invented for the explanation of {agni4}
agrajaH = elder
agrataH = (let the two go) before (me)
agre = in front of/ahead/beforehand
agrya * = mf({A}) n. foremost, topmost, principal, best; proficient, well versed in (with
loc.); intent closely attentive m. an elder or eldest brother L.; ({A}) f. = {tri-phalA} q.v.;
({am}) n. roof L.
agha * = mfn. bad, dangerous RV. ; sinful, impure BhP. m. N. of an Asura BhP. ; (%
{a4m}) n. evil, mishap RV. AV. ; sin, impurity Mn. &c. ; pain, suffering L. ; (%{A4s}) f.
pl. the constellation usually called Magha1 RV. x, 85, 13.
agha.MmanaH = (adj) evil-minded
agha.MmanaH = adj. evil-minded

aghaM = grievous sins

aghaayuH = whose life is full of sins
agrataHkR * = to place in front or at the head, to consider most important.
agrataHsara * = mf(%{I})n. going in front, taking the lead.
agratas * = ind. ; see col. 3.
agratas * = ind. in front, before ; in the beginning, first RV. x, 90, 7 VS. ; (with gen.)
before, in presence of
aGYa = the ignorant person
aGYaH = a fool who has no knowledge in standard scriptures
aGYataa = ignorance
aGYaana = ignorance
aGYaanaM = nescience
aGYaanajaM = due to ignorance
aGYaanasambhuutaM = born of ignorance
aGYaanaaM = of the foolish

aGYaanena = by ignorance
aha = said
aha* = 1 ind. (as a particle implying ascertainment, affirmation, certainty, &c.) surely,
certainly RV. AV. S'Br.; (as explaining, defining) namely S'Br.; (as admitting, limiting,
&c.) it is true, I grant, granted, indeed, at least S'Br. [For the rules of accentuation
necessitated in a phrase by the particle {a4ha} cf. Pn. 8-1, 24 seqq.] \\ =2 n. (only Ved.;
nom. pl. {a4hA} RV. AV.; gen. pl. {a4hAnAm} RV. viii, 22, 13) = {a4Har} q.v., a day;
often ifc. {aha4} m. (e.g. {dvAdazA7ha4}, {try-aha4}, {SaD-aha4}, &c.) or n. (e.g.
{puNyA7ha4}, {bhadrA7ha4}, and {sudinA7ha}); see also {ahna} s.v.
ahaM = (pron) I * = nom. sg., `" I "' RV. &c.; = {ahaMkaraNa} q.v., (hence declinable
gen. {ahamas}, &c.) BhP. [Zd. {azem}; Gk. $; Goth. {ik}; Mod. Germ. {ich}; Lith.
&38735[124,2] {asz}; Slav. {az}].
[aham]matya *V false ego
ahaH = of daytime
ahan *= the base of the weak and some other cases of %{a4har} , q.v. e.g. instr. %
{a4hnA} [once %{ahanA4} RV. i , 123 , 4] ; dat. %{a4hne} ; loc. %{a4han} (Ved.) or %
{a4hani} , or %{ahni} , &c. ; nom. du. %{a4hanI} (see also s.v. %{a4har}) and pl. %
{a4hAni} ; only Ved. are the middle cases of the pl. %{a4habhyas} [RV.] , %{a4habhis}
[RV. , nine times] , and %{a4hasu} [RV. i , 124 , 9] , while the later language forms them
fr. the base %{a4has} q.v.
ahanaa *= instr. with an earlier form of accentuation for %{a4hnA}. see before.

ah(a)na* = only (like {aha4}) ifc. for {a4han} (or {a4har}), q.v. e.g. {aty-ahna},
{aparA7hNa4}, {pUrvA7hNa4} &c., qq. vv.; ({Aya}) dat. ind. formerly Naigh.; instantly,
speedily MBh. Kum. Ragh.
ahanti * = f. id. VS. xvi, 18 [vv.ll. {a4-hantva} mfn. `" indestructible "' TS. iv, and {a4hantva} mfn. id. MaitrS. Kthh.]
ahanyamAna * = mfn. (Pass. p.) not being struck p. BhP.
ahanA4 * = instr. with an earlier form of accentuation for {a4hnA}. see before.
ahankara = tendency to identify oneself with external phenomena, 'the I-maker'
ahankaara = Egoism, selfishness, ignorance
ahankaaraM = false ego
ahankaaraH = false ego
ahankaaravimuuDha = bewildered by false ego
ahankaaraat.h = by false ego
ahankritaH = of false ego
ahanma = * selfhood, falsehood

ahanyA7 * = (4) mfn. daily RV. i, 168, 5; 190, 3; v, 48, 3.

aharsha = * mfn. unhappy, gloomy, sorrowful.
ahata * = mfn. unhurt, uninjured AV. xii, 1, 11 VS.; not beaten (as a drum) AdbhBr.;
unbeaten (as clothes in washing), unwashed, new S'Br. &c.; unblemished, unsoiled BhP.;
({am}) n. unwashed or new clothes "'
ahatvaa = not killing
ahamahamikaa = (f) competition, debate
ahaMkaara = false ego, identification with the body * = m. conception of one's
individuality, self-consciousness ChUp. &c.; the making of self, thinking of self, egotism
MBh. &c.; pride, haughtiness R. &c.; (in Snkhya phil.) the third of the eight producers
or sources of creation, viz. the conceit or conception of individuality, individualization;
({ahaMkAra}) {-val} mfn. selfish, proud L.
aharaagame = at the beginning of the day
aharnishaM = ahaH and nishaa:day and night
Ahavaniya: the fire prepared for receiving oblations; especially the eastern of the three
fires burning at a sacrifice
ahi = on earth
ahimsaa = non-violence* = f. not injuring anything, harmlessness (one of the cardinal

virtues of most Hind sects, but particularly of the Buddhists and Jains; also personified
as the wife of Dharma VmP.) ChUp. Nir. Mn. &c.; security, safeness S'Br. AitBr.
ahita = sorrow (antonym of hita) *= mfn. unfit, improper RV. viii, 62, 3 ;
unadvantageous S3Br. Ka1tyS3r. Mn. iii, 20, &c. ; noxious, hostile Katha1s. ; m. an
enemy Bhag. ii, 36 Ragh. ; (%{am}) n. damage, disadvantage, evil A1p. R. &c. ; (%{A}) f.
N. of a river MBh. vi, 328 ; N. of certain veins (cf. also %{hitA4}) Ya1jn5. iii, 108. (see
also aahita)
ahitaaH = enemies
ahituNDikaH = (m) a snake charmer
ahaitukaM = without cause
aho = Oh !, V*: alas, how, ah, or else *= (instead of %{ahA} [= %{a4har}] in comp.
before the letter %{r}). \\ 2 ind. a particle (implying joyful or painful surprise) Ah! (of
enjoyment or satisfaction) Oh! (of fatigue, discontent, compassion, sorrow, regret) Alas!
Ah! (of praise cf. Pa1n2. 8-1, 40 seq.) Bravo! (of reproach) Fie! (of calling Kum. iii, 20)
Ho! Halo! (of contempt) Pshaw! Often combined with other particles of similar
signification, as %{aho@dhik} or %{dhig@aho}, %{aho@bata}, &c.
ahoraatra = day and night
ahuta* = mfn. unoffered, not yet offered (as a sacrificial oblation) AV. xii, 4, 53 S'Br. Mn.
xii, 68; one who has not received any sacrifice AV. vii, 97, 7; (the fire) through or in
which no sacrificial oblation has been offered p.; not obtained by sacrifice AV. vi, 71, 2;
m. religious meditation, prayer (considered as one of the five great sacraments,

otherwise called Brahma-yaja) Mn. iii, 73 seq.

ahRta * = mfn. not captivated or carried away by (instr.) Ragh. viii, 68.
ahUta* = mfn. uncalled, unsummoned RV. x, 107, 9.
aicchika *= mfn. (fr. %{icchA}) , optional , arbitrary , at will Comm. on Pa1n2. Kuv. &c.
(see also iccha)
aihika *= mfn. (fr. %{iha}), of this place, of this world, worldly, local, temporal BhP.
Veda1ntas. &c.
aikaantikasya = ultimate
aikya = unity
aila * =a descendant of IlN. of Purravas (cf. 1. {aiDa4}) Hariv. MBh.; N. of the planet
Mars T.; ({As}) m. pl. the descendants or family of Purravas MBh. xiii; ({A}) f. N. of a
river (v.l. {elA}) Hariv.; ({am}) n. plenty or abundance of food or refreshment; a
particular number (Buddh.)
aichchhat.h = desired
airaavata* = m. (fr. {irA-vat}), a descendant of Ir-vat; N. of a Nga or mythical serpent
AV. viii, 10, 29 TndyaBr. MBh. Hariv. &c.; `" produced from the ocean "'N. of Indra's
elephant (considered as the prototype of the elephant race and the supporter of the east
quarter; cf. {nAga}, which means also elephant and serpent) MBh. Ragh. Megh. &c.
[234, 3]; a species of elephant R. ii, 70, 23; the tree Artocarpus Lacucha; the orange tree

L.; N. of a particular portion of the moos path; of a form of the sun VP. MBh.; ({as},
{am}) m. n. a kind of rainbow MBh. Ragh. &c.; ({I}) f. the female of Indra's elephant; N.
of a river MBh.; lightning L.; a species of fern Sus'r.; ({I}, {A}) f. a particular portion of
the moos path (including the lunar mansions Punarvasu, Pushya, and s'lesha)
VarBriS.; ({am}) n. the fruit of Artocarpus Lacucha Sus'r.; N. of a Varsha MBh.
aishvaraM = divine
ais'varya = desire for power; opulence {Sad-ais'varya-puurnam. The Lord is full in six
opulences] * = n. the state of being a mighty lord, sovereignty, supremacy, power, sway
S'Br. xiii MBh. Mn. &c.; dominion Kaths.; superhuman power (either perpetual or
transient, consisting, according to some, of the following eight: {aNiman}, {laghiman},
{mahiman}, {prApti}, {prAkAmya}, {vazitva}, {Izitva}, and {kAmA7vasAyitva}, qq.v.; or,
according to others, of such powers as vision, audition, cogitation, discrimination, and
omniscience; and of active powers such as swiftness of thought, power of assuming forms
at will, and faculty of expatiation Sarvad. &c.)
aitihya* = n. (fr. {iti-ha}), traditional instruction, tradition Tr. i, 2, 1 MBh. R
aj, Aj * to propel, drive forward
ajaa = (f) goat
ajaanaM = do not understand
ajaanat.h = knew
ajaanataa = without knowing

ajaanantaH = without knowing

aja = goat* = f. a she-goat
aja * = 1 m. a drove, troop (of Maruts) AV.; a driver, mover, instigator, leader; N. of
Indra, of Rudra, of one of the Maruts [{aja4 e4ka-pA4} RV., and {aja4 e4ka-pAda} AV.],
of Agni, of the sun, of Brahm, of Vishnu, of S'iva, of Kma (cf. 2. {a-ja}); the leader of a
flock; a he-goat, ram [cf. Gk. &2547[9, 2] $, $; Lith. $]; the sign Aries; the vehicle of
Agni; beam of the sun (Pshan); N. of a descendant of Visvmitra, and of Das'aratha's or
Drghabhu's father; N. of a mineral substance; of a kind of rice; of the moon; ({A4s})
m. pl.N. of a people RV. vii, 18, 19; of a class of Riishis MBh.; ({A}) f. N. of Prakriiti, of
My or Illusion see {a-jA} (s.v. 2. {a-jA}); a she-goat; N. of a plant whose bulbs
resemble the udder of a goat Sus'r.
aja4 * = 2 mfn. not born, existing from all eternity; ({a4s}) m. N. of the, first uncreated
being RV. AV.; Brahm, Vishnu, S'iva, Kma; ({A}) f. N. of Prakriiti, My or Illusion
(see also 1. {aja4} and 1. {ajana}).
ajaM = unborn
ajaH = unborn
ajagaraH = (m) python
ajaagara * = not awake, not wakeful
ajana* =1 m. ( {aj}), `" the instigator "', Brahm; ({am}) n. act of instigating or moving,
[10,1]

a-jana4* =2 mfn. destitute of men; desert; m. an insignificant person.

ajapa* = 1 m. ( {jap}), one who does not repeat prayers; a reciter of heterodox works L.;
({A}) f. the mantra or formula called hansa (which consists only of a number of
inhalations and exhalations).
ajapaa = involuntary repetition (as with a mantra)
ajasraM = the unborn one
ajaviithii * = f. `" goat's road "'N. of one of the three divisions of the southern path, or
one of the three paths in which the sun, moon, and planets move, comprehending the
asterisms %{mUla}, %{pUrvA7SADha}, and %{uttarA7SADha}.
ajaya * = m. non-victory, defeat; (mfn.), unconquered, unsurpassed, invincible; m. N. of
Vishnu; of a lexicographer; of a river; ({A}) f. hemp; N. of a friend of Durg; My or
Illusion.
ajita * = mfn. not conquered, unsubdued, unsurpassed, invincible, irresistible; m. a
particular antidote; a kind of venomous rat; N. of Vishnu; S'iva; one of the Saptarshis of
the fourteenth Manvantara; Maitreya or a future Buddha; the second of the Arhats or
saints of the present (Jaina) Avasarpini, a descendant of Ikshvku; the attendant of
Suvidhi (who is the ninth of those Arhats); ({As}) m. pl. a class of deified beings in the
first Manvantara.
a4-jIta * = mfn. ( {jyA}, usually {jina}), not faded, not faint AV. TS., &c.
ajina* = n. (probably at first the skin of a goat, {aja}); the hairy skin of an antelope,

especially a black antelope (which serves the religious student for a couch seat, covering
&c.); the hairy skin of a tiger, &c. m. N. of a descendant of Priithu VP.
ajman* = {a} n. career, passage, battle RV. AV. [Lat. {agmen}].
ajma* = m. ( {aj}), career, march RV. [cf. Gk. $]. &2960[10,3]
ajaas * = mfn. having no kindred RV. x, 39, 6.
ajaanin* = mfn. ignorant, unwise.
ajaataka* = mfn. unknown, (g.
ajaati* = m. not a kinsman, not related Mn.
ajaanakRta* = mfn. done inadvertently.
ajaanatA* = f. or ignorance.
aJNchalaH = (m) aanchal in Hindi
aJNjana = the name of the mother of Hanuman
aJNjaneyaasana = the splits
aJNjali = (m) folded hands, palms cupped in the form of a vessel
ajra = (m) field

ajushtha *= mfn. not enjoyed , unsatisfactory RV.

ajushthi *= f. non-enjoyment , feeling of disappointment RV.
akaanda * = without a trunk T.; causeless, unexpected; ({e}) ind. causelessly,
unexpectedly.
akalmasha *= mf(%{A})n. spotless.
akara * = mfn. handless, maimed; exempt from tax or duty, privileged; not acting; (%
{A}) f. Emblic Myrobalan, Phyllanthus Emblica. Bh Pur: accepted, has performed,
made, did exhibit, maintained, executed, created, carried out
akartaaraM = as the nondoer
akarma = inaction
akarman * = mfn. not working; not performing good works, wicked RV. x, 2 2, 8;
inefficient; (in Gr.) intransitive; ({a}) n. absence of work; observances; improper work,
crime.
akarmabhoga * = m. enjoyment of freedom from action.
akarmAnvita * = mfn. unoccupied; disqualified.
akarmaka * = mfn. (in Gr.) intransitive.
akarmaNya * = mfn. improper to be done; unfit for work; inefficient.

akarmakrit.h = without doing something

akarmaNaH = than no work
akarmaNi = in not doing prescribed duties
akalmashhaM = freed from all past sinful reactions
akalmasha *= mf(%{A})n. spotless.
akalmaaASa m. N. of a son of the fourth Manu Hariv.
akasmaat.h = by chance
akaaraH = the first letter
aakaarita * = mfn. ifc. having the shape of Vedntas.
akaaro = the letter `a'
akaarya = and forbidden activities* = mfn. not to be done, improper; ({am}) n. a
criminal action
akaaryaM = what ought not to be done
akaarye = and what ought not to be done
akalpa *= mf(%{A})n. not subject to rules, uncontrolled ; not admitting (any

comparison %{pratimA4nam}) RV. i, 102, 6 ; unable to (loc. or Inf. or in comp.)

akhaNDa * = mfn. not fragmentary, entire, whole, (%{am}), n. time L.; (%{akhaNDA@dvA@dazI}), the twelfth day of the first half of the month Ma1rgas3i1rsha.
[4,2]
akhila = entire
akhilaM = whole
akhilaguru = preceptor for all, also all types of long syllable letters
akiNchanaH = (m) a have-not
akicana *= mfn. without anything, utterly destitute ; disinterested ; (am) n. that which
is worth nothing.
akicanataa *= f. or voluntary poverty (as practised by Jaina ascetics).
akicanatva *= n. voluntary poverty (as practised by Jaina ascetics).
akicaniman *= %{A} m. utter destitution, (g. %{pRthu-Adi} q.v.)
akicana *= mfn. without anything, utterly destitute; disinterested; (am) n. that which is
worth nothing.
akiirti = infamy

akiirtiM = infamy
akiirtiH = ill fame
akka = mother
akrama * = mfn. not happening successively, happening at once Yogas.; m. want of
order, confusion.
akraanta * = mfn. unpassed, unsurpassed, unconquered, not doubled RV. Pra1t.; (%
{A}) f. the Egg plant. [3,1]
akriyaaH = without duty
akrodha = freedom from anger
akrodhaH = freedom from anger
akledyaH = insoluble
akrita * = mf({A}) n. undone, not committed; not made, uncreated; unprepared,
incomplete; one who has done no works, ({am}) n. an act never before committed AitBr.;
({A}) f. a daughter who has not been made {putrikA}, or a sharer in the privileges of a
son Pn.
akritabuddhitvaat.h = due to unintelligence
akritaatmaanaH = those without self-realization

akritena = without discharge of duty

akritvaa = without doing (from kRi)
akritsnavidaaH = persons with a poor fund of knowledge
aksh* = (perhaps a kind of old Desid. of 1. {az}) cl. 1. 5. {akSati}, {akSNoti} (Pn. 3-1, 75;
fut. {akSiSyati} or {akSyati} L.; aor. {AkSIt}, 3. du. {AkSiSTAm} or {ASTAm} L.; perf.
{AnakSa} [Pn. 7-4, 60 Comm.], but . p. [with the Vedic weak stem {AkS} cf. perf. {AzuH} 3. pl. &c. fr. 1. {az}] {AkSANa4}),; to reach RV. x, 22, 11; to pass through, penetrate,
pervade, embrace L.; to accumulate (to from the cube?) L.: Caus. {akSayati}, {AcikSat},
to cause to pervade L.: Desid. {acikSi}, {Sati} or {acikSati} L.
aksha* = 1 m. an axle, axis (in this sense also n. L.); a wheel, car, cart; the beam of a
balance or string which holds the pivot of the beam; a snake L.; terrestrial latitude (cf. {karNa}, {-bhA}, {-bhAga}); the collar-bone S'Br.; the temporal bone Yj.; N. of a
measure (= 104 angula); [cf. Lat. {axis}; Gk. $; Old Germ. {ahsa}; &634[3, 1] Mod.
Germ. {Achse}; Lith. {assis}.]
aksha* = 2 m. ( 1. {az} Un.) a die for gambling; a cube; a seed of which rosaries are made
(cf. {indrA7kSa}, {rudrA7kSa}); the Eleocarpus Ganitrus, producing that seed; a weight
called {karSa}, equal to 16 mshas; Beleric Myrobalan (Terminalia Belerica), the seed of
which is used as a die; a N. of the number 5; ({am}) n. sochal salt; blue vitriol (from its
cube-like crystals) L.
aksha* = 3 n. an organ of sense; sensual perception L.; m. the soul L.; knowledge,
religious knowledge L.; a lawsuit L.; a person born blind L.; N. of Garuda L.; of a son of

Rvana; of a son of Nara, &c.

aksha* = 4 n. [only ifc. (f. {I}) for {akSi}], the eye.
akshaanti* = f. impatience, jealousy, intolerance.
akshama = (adj) incapable* = mf({A})n. unable to endure, impatient; incompetent (with
Loc., Inf. or ifc.), envious; ({A}) f. or {-tA} f. impatience, envy; incompetence, inability
(with Inf.)
akSauhiNI* = f. an army consisting of ten anikinis, or 21, 870 elephants, 21, 870
chariots, 65, 610 horse, and 109, 350 foot. (Since an anikini consists of 27 vhinis, and
27 is the cube of 3, {akSauhiNI} may be a compound of 2. {akSa} and {vAhini}; or it may
possibly be connected with 1. {akSa}, axle, car.)
akshaara * = mfn. free from alkali or factitious salt.
akshara = Letter * = mfn. imperishable; unalterable; m. a sword L.; S3iva L.; Vishn2u
L.; (%{A}) f. see %{a4kSarA} below; (%{am}) n. a syllable; the syllable %{om} Mn.; a
letter [m. Ra1matUp.]; a vowel; a sound; a word; N. of Brahma; final beatitude religious
austerity, sacrifice L.; water RV. i, 34, 4 and i, 164, 42 [3,3]; Achyranthes Aspera.
aksharaa * = f. (cf. %{a-kSa4ra} n. above), word, speech RV.
aksharaaNaaM = of letters
aksharaat.h = beyond the infallible

aksharaM = indestructible
aksharaH = infallible
akshayaM = unlimited
akshayaH = eternal
akshepa * =m. drawing together, convulsion, palpitation Sus'r. Kum. vii, 95 Kd.;
applying, laying (as a colour) Kum. vii, 17; throwing away, giving up, removing Kum. i,
14, &c.; `" shaking about the hands "' or `" turning the hand "' (in pronouncing the
Svarita) RPrt.; charming, transporting Kd. &c.; (in rhetoric) pointing to (in comp.),
hinting Sh. Das'ar. &c.; (see also {AkSepo7pamA} below); reviling, abuse, harsh speech
BhP. &c. (cf. {sA7kSepam}); objection (especially to rectify a statement of one's own)
Sus'r. Kvya7d. Sh. &c.; challenge Kaths.; N. of a man VP
akshi = (n) eye * = n. (1. %{az} Un2.) [instr. %{akSNA} dat. %{akSNe}, &c., fr. %
{akSan}, substituted for %{akSi} in the weakest cases. Vedic forms are: abl. gen. %
{akSNa4s}; loc. %{akSa4n} (once %{akSiNi}!); du. nom acc. %{akSI4} RV., %{a4kSiNI},
%{a4kSyau}, and %{akSya4u} AV. S3Br. and AitBr.; instr. %{akSI4bhyAm}; gen. %
{akSyo4s} VS., %{akSyo4s} and %{akSo4s} (!) AV.; pl. nom. acc. %{a4kSINi} AV., %
{akSANi} RV.; ifc. %{akSa} is substituted see 4. %{ahSa}], the eye; the number two; %
{I4}) n. du. the sun and moon RV. i, 72, 10; [cf. Gk. $, $; Lat. &842[3,3] {oculos}; A.S.
{aegh}; Goth. {augo}; Germ. {Auge}; Russ. {oko}; Lith. {aki-s}.]
akta *= 1 mfn. ( %{aj}) , driven.
akta *= 2 mfn. ( %{aJj}) , smeared over , diffused , bedaubed , tinged , characterized.

Often ifc. (cf. %{raktA7kta}) ; (%{am}) n. oil , ointment.

aktaa *= f. night RV. i , 62 , 8.
akula * =not of good family, low
akuNTha * mfn. not blunted, not worn out; vigorous, fixed; ever fresh, eternal
akurvat.h = did
akurvata = did they do
akutas'cit *V= from nowhere
akuutha* = mf({A})n. having no prominence on the forehead TS.: not deceitful, unerring
(said of arms) Yj.; not false (said of coins) Yj. n.
akushalaM = inauspicious
akuupaara * = mfn. unbounded RV. v, 39, 2 and x. 109, 1; m. the sea VS. &c.; tortoise
BhP. &c. the mythical tortoise that upholds the world; N. of a man PBr.; N. of an A1ditya
L.; (%{A}) f. N. of an An3girasi1 PBr.
akuutha * = mf(%{A})n. having no prominence on the forehead TS.: not deceitful,
unerring (said of arms) Ya1jn5. ; not false (said of coins) Ya1jn5. (see also aakuuta)
akupya * = n. not base metal, gold or silver Kir.; any base metal (= %{kupya} see 3. %
{a}).

akupyaka * = n. gold or silver L.

alam *= ind. (later form of %{a4ram} q.v.), enough, sufficient, adequate, equal to,
competent, able. (%{alam} may govern a dat. [%{jI4vitavai4} (Ved. Inf. dat.) %{a4lam}
AV. vi, 109, 1, or %{alaM@jIvanAya} Mn. xi, 76, &c., sufficient for living] or Inf. [Pa1n2.
2-4, 66; %{alaM@vijJAtum} `" able to conceive "' Nir. ii, 3] or instr. [Pa1n2. 2-3, 27
Siddh.; %{alaM@zaGkayA}, enough i.e. away with fear!] or gen. [%{alaM@prajAyAH},
capable of obtaining progeny PBr.] or may be used with the fut. [%{alaM@haniSyati}, he
will be able to kill Pa1n2. 3-3, 154 Sch.] or with an ind. [Pa1n2. 3-4, 18; %
{alaM@bhuktvA}, enough of eating i.e. do not eat more, %{alaM@vlcArya}, enough of
consideration].)
2 alaM (in comp. for %{a4lam}).
alaM = especially
ala.nkaaradiiptaM = shining with adornments, decorations
alankrita = decorated / ornamented
alabdhabhuumikatva = the feeling that it is impossible to see reality
alabdha * = mfn. unobtained.
alabhya = Difficult
alasaH = lazy
alasya = indolence

alaka *= %{as}, %{am} m. n. (ifc. f. %{A}) a curl, lock Ragh. &c.; (%{as}) m. (= %
{alarka} q.v.) a mad dog L.; (%{As}) m. pl.N. of a people VarBr2S.; of the Inhabitants of
Kubera's residence Alaka1 MBh. iii, 11813; (%{A}) f. (g. %{kSipakA7di} q.v.) a girl from
eight to ten years of age L.; N. of the capital of Kubera (situated on a peak of the
Hima1laya inhabited also by S3iva) Kum. vi, 37, &c.; N. of a town in Nishadha Katha1s.
alakshamaana = one who disregards
alakshmiH = poverty (alaxmiH is opp. of laxmiH)
alaya* = m. ( {lI}), non-dissolution, permanence R. iii, 71, 10 (v.l. {an-aya}); (mfn.)
restless S'is'. iv, 57.
ali = a black bug
alika *= %{as} , m.= %{alIka} , the forehead Ba1lar. ; N. of a Pra1krit poet.
aliika = (adj) false, untrue *= mf(%{A} Naish.)n. unpleasing , disagreeable (as a
serpent) AV. v , 13 , 5 ; untrue , false , pretended MBh. &c. little L. ; (%{am}) n. anything
displeasing As3vS3r. R. ii , 52 , 25 ; falsehood , untruth Mn. xi , 55 , &c. ; the forehead
(cf. %{alika}) , heaven L.
aloluptvaM = freedom from greed
alpa = small, little2 *= mf(%{A})n. (m. pl. %{e} or %{As} Pa1n2. 1-1, 33) small, minute,
trifling, little AV. &c.; (%{am}) ind. (opposed to %{bahu}) little Mn. ii, 149 and x, 60; (%
{ena}) instr. ind. (with a perf. Pass. p. Pa1n2. 2-3, 33) `" for little "', cheap Dal. [95,3];
easily R. iv, 32, 7; (%{At}) abl. ind. (with a perf. Pass. p.) without much trouble, easily

Pa1n2. 2-3, 33; (in comp. with a past Pass. p.) ii, 1, 39 and vi, 3, 2.
alpaka * mf({ikA})n. small, minute, trifling Mn. &c.; ({a4m}) ind. little Naigh. S'Br.;
({A4t}) abl. ind. shortly after S'Br.; m. the plants Hedysarum Alhagi and Premna
Herbacea L.
alpaM = a few, little, inadequate
alpabuddhayaH = the less intelligent
alpaka* = mf({ikA})n. small, minute, trifling Mn. &c.; ({a4m}) ind. little Naigh. S'Br.;
({A4t}) abl. ind. shortly after S'Br.; m. the plants Hedysarum Alhagi and Premna
Herbacea L.
alpamedhasaaM = of those of small intelligence
alpavayaskaM = young (small) age
alpaayu = Short life between 8 and 32 years
alaukikatva * = n. rare occurrence (of a word) Sh.
a-laukika * = mf({I})n. not current in the world, uncommon, unusual (especially said of
words); not relating to this world, supernatural.
alaukika * see {a-loka}
a-laukika antika :* = (with gen. or abl.) near, proximate L. (compar. {nedIyas}, superl.

{nediSTha}); ({am}) n. vicinity, proximity, near e.g. {antikastha}, remaining near;

({a4m}) ind. (with gen. or ifc.) until, near to, into the presence of; ({A4t}) ind. from the
proximity; near, close by; within the presence of; ({e4}) ind. (with gen. or ifc.) near, close
by, in the proximity or presence of; ({ena}) ind. (with gen.) near.
antika * = (fr. {anta}), only ifc. reaching to the end of, reaching to (e.g. {nAsA7ntika},
reaching to the nose), lasting till, until.
anudhyaana* = n. meditation, religious contemplation, solicitude.
a(a)ntikA * = f. an elder sister
am* = 1 ind. quickly, a little, (g. {cA7di} q.v.) \\2 the termination {am} in the
comparative and other forms used as ind. e.g. {pratara4m}, &c., (g. {svar-Adi} q.v.) \\3
{amati}, to go L.; to go to or towards L.; to serve or honour L.; to sound L.; (Imper. . 2.
sg. {amISva}; aor. {AmIt}; cf. {abhy-am}) to fix, render firm TS.; (perf. p. acc. sg.
{emuSa4m} for {emivA4Msam}) to be pernicious or dangerous RV. viii, 77, 10: Caus.
{Ama4yati} (impf. {A4mayat}; aor. Subj. {Amamat}) to be afflicted or sick RV. AV. VS.
(cf. {a4n-Amayat}).
am* = n. the root of a fragrant grass (used for tatties or screens, &c., commonly called
Kaskas, Andropogon Muricatus).
ama*=1 m. impetuosity, violence, strength, power RV. VS. AV.; depriving of sensation,
fright, terror RV.; disease L.\\=2 mfn. (pron.; cf. {amu}) this AV. xiv, 2, 71 (quoted in
S'Br. xiv and s'vGri.) [The word is also explained by {prA7Na}, `" soul "' cf. Comm. on
ChUp. v, 2, 6.]

amaa*=1 ind. (Ved. instr. fr. 2. {a4ma} q.v.) (chiefly Ved.) at home, in the house, in the
house of (gen.), with RV. &c.; together Pn. 3-1, 122; ({A}) f. = {amA-vAsyA4} q.v.
Comm. on Ragh. xiv, 80 (in a verse quoted from Vysa) Comm. on Sryas; also
{amA7nta} m. the end, of the {amA} ({-vAsyA4}) night ib.\\2 (3. {mA}) f. (= {apramANa}) not an authority, not a standard of action Nyyam.
amaanin* = mfn. ( {man}), not proud, modest MBh.
amaanitA* = f. or modesty, humility.
amaanitva* = [Bhag. &c.] n. modesty, humility.
a-maatA putra * = mfn. (g. {kASThA7di} q.v.) `" having neither mother nor son "', only
in comp. e.g. {amAtAputrA7dhyApaka} m. a teacher who cares for neither mother nor
son (on account of being entirely absorbed in his work) Pn. 8-1, 67, Kls'.
amaatya * = (4) m. (fr. 1. {amA4} cf. Pn. 4-2, 104 Sch.) inmate of the same house,
belonging to the same house or family RV. vii, 15, 3 VS. As'vGri. KtyS'r.; `" a
companion (of a king) "', minister MBh. Mn. &c.
amaara *: non-destruction
amaanitvaM = humility
amaanana* = n. disrespect Hit.
amaanushha = (adj) inhuman, cruel

amaavaasya * = n. [NBD.] neighbourhood AV. iv, 36, 3 [perhaps for %{-vAztya}, `"
lowing (of cows) at home "', as the word is used together with %{A-gara4} and %{pratikroza}] ; mfn. born in an %{amA-vAsyA4} night Pa1n2. 4-3, 30 (cf. %{AmAvAsya4}) ; N.
of a Vedic teacher VBr. ; (%{-vAsyA4}) f. (scil. %{rAtri} ; fr. 5. %{vas}, `" to dwell "', with
%{amA4}, `" together "') the night of new moon (when the sun and moon `" dwell
together "'), the first day of the first quarter on which the moon is invisible AV. S3Br. &c.
; a sacrifice offered at that time ; N. of the Acchoda1river MatsyaP.
amaayaya* straight, straigh forward, unduplicious, well mannered sincere * =. not
cunning, not sagacious S'Br. AitBr.; free from deceit, guileless Bhathth.; ({A}) f. absence
of delusion or deceit or guile, ({ayA}), instr. ind. guilelessly, sincerely Mn. ii, 51 BhP. Hit.
amaaya mfn. not cunning, not sagacious S3Br. AitBr.; free from deceit, guileless
Bhat2t2.; (%{A}) f. absence of delusion or deceit or guile, (%{ayA}), instr. ind.
guilelessly, sincerely Mn. ii, 51 BhP. Hit.
amala = without rubbish * = mf({A})n. spotless, stainless, clean, pure, shining; ({as}) m.
crystal (cf. {amara-ratna}) BhP.; N. of a poet; of Nryana L.; ({A}) f. N. of the goddess
Lakshm L.; ( {amarA} q.v.) the umbilical cord L.; the tree Emblica Officinalis Gaertn.
L.; the plant Saptal L.; ({am}) n. talc L.
amalaM = clean
amalaan.h = pure
amama *= mfn. without egotism , devoid of all selfish or worldly attachment or desire
Buddh. Jain. ; indifferent , not caring for (loc.) Mn. vi , 26 ; m. the twelfth Jaina saint of

a future Utsarpin2i1.
aman'gala * = mfn. inauspicious, unlukey, evil Ragh. xii, 43, &c. ; m. the castor oil tree,
Ricinus Communis L. ; (%{am}) n. inauspiciousness, ill-luck Kum. Ven2is.
aman'galya * = mfn. inauspicious, unlucky L. ; (%{am}) n. inauspiciousness, ill-luck
BhP.
amani* = f. road, way Un.
amanI* = (for {a-mana4s} in comp. with {bhU} and its derivatives).
amani see {am}.
amaNiva* = mfn. [NBD.] having no jewels SnkhS'r.
amaniibhAva* = m. the state of not having perception or intellect MaitrUp.
amantra *= m. not a Vedic verse or text or any formula ; (mf(%{A})n.) , unaccompanied
by Vedic verses or texts Mn. iii , 121 ; unentitled to or not knowing Vedic texts (as a
S3u1dra , a female , &c.) Mn. ix , 18 and xii , 114 ; not using or applying Mantra formulas
Bha1m. (see also aamantraNa)
amanyata = believed
amara *: undying, immortal, imperishable
amaratva * = [MBh. &c.] n. the condition of the gods (i.e. immortality).

amarsha * = m. ( {mRS}), non-endurance Pn. 3-3, 145; impatience, indignation, anger,

passion MBh. R. &c.; m. N. of a prince VP.
amarshahaasa * = m. an angry laugh, a sarcastic sneer MBh.
amarshaja * = mfn. springing from impatience or indignation MB
amarshaNa * = mfn. = %{amarSa@vat} MBh. &c., impatient (cf. %{raNA7marSaNa})
; m. (= %{amarSa})N. of a prince BhP. ; (%{am}) n. impatience of (gen.) MBh. xiii,
2159.
amarshavat * = mfn. not bearing, intolerant passionate, wrathful, angry L.
amata * = 1 m. sickness, disease Un.; death L.; time L.; dust Comm. on Un.
a4-mata * = 2 mfn. ( {man}), not felt, not perceptible by the mind S'Br. xiv; not
approved of, unacceptable.
aama4-taa * = f. rawness; unpreparedness Sus'r.
ambaka * = n. S'iva's eye Blar. (cf. {try-ambaka}); an eye L.; copper L.
ambandha = relation / connection
ambara = aakaasha * = ambara n. circumference, compass, neighbourhood RV. viii,
8,14; (ifc. f. %{A}) clothes, apparel, garment MBh. &c.; cotton L.; sky, atmosphere, ether
Naigh. MBh. &c.; (hence) a cipher Su1ryas.; N. of the tenth astrological mansion
VarBr2.; the lip; saffron L.; a perfume (Ambra) L.; N. of a country MatsyaP.; (a1s) m.

pl.N. of a people VarBr2S.

ambaraM = sky, garment
ambaa = mother ambaa * f. (Ved. voc. {a4mbe} [VS.]or {amba} [RV.], in later Sanskrit
{amba} only, sometimes a mere interjection s'vS'r.), a mother, good woman (as a title
of respect); N. of a plant; N. of Durg (the wife of S'iva); N. of an Apsaras L.; N. of a
daughter of a king of Ksi MBh.; N. of one of the seven Krittiks TS. Kthh. TBr.; a term
in astrol. (to denote the fourth condition which results from the conjunction of planets?).
In the South Indian languages, {ambA} is corrupted into {ammA}, and is often affixed to
the names of goddesses, and females in general [Germ. {Amme}, a nurse; Old Germ.
{amma}, Them. {ammo7n}, {ammU7n}
aMbaa = mother
ambu = water
ambudhi = sea
ambuvegaaH = waves of the waters
ambhas.h = (n) water
ambhasaa = by the water
ambhasi = on the water
ambhuruhaM = lotus

amedhyaM = untouchable *: mfn. not able or not allowed to sacrifice, not fit for sacrifice,
impure, unholy, nefarious, foul S'Br. Mn. &c.; ({am}), n. faeces, excrement KtyS'r. Mn.
ix, 282 Yj. &c.
aMhas* =n. anxiety, trouble RV. &c.; sin L.; [cf. %{agha4}, %{A4gas}; Gk. $, $, $, $.]
aMhasaspati* =[VS.] m. lord of perplexity i.e. an intercalary month; cf. %{AMhaspatya}.
aMhasaspatya* =n. power over calamity TS. A1pS3r.
AMhaspatya* =mfn. belonging to the dominion of An6haspati (as the intercalary month)
Gobh.
aMhati* = f. anxiety, distress, trouble RV.; illness L.; [cf. Lat. {ango}]; a gift (also %
{aMhatI} f.) L
amiishaam SB: of those; among those; of these,of them;

amita * = unmeasured, boundless, infinite RV. &c.; without a certain measure S'Br.
Sus'r. &c.; ({a4-mitam}) ind. immensely RV. iv, 16, 5.
amitavikramaH = and unlimited force
amla = (m) sour
amogha * = mf({A}) n. unerring, unfailing, not vain, efficacious, succeeding, hitting the
mark, productive, fruitful; ({a4-mogha}, ) {as} m. the not erring, the not failing S'Br.; N.
of S'iva; of Vishnu MBh. xiii; of Skanda MBh. iii, 14632; of a minister of an Asura king at

war with Karttikeya SkandaP.; of a river L.; ({A}) f. trumpet flower, Bignonia
Suaveolens, Roxb.; a plant of which the seed is used as a vermifuge, Erycibe Paniculata
Roxb.; Terminalia Citrina Roxb.; N. of a spear MBh. iii, 16990 and R. i, 29, 12; (with or
without {rAtri}) `" the unfalling one "' a poetical N. of the night MBh.; a mystical N. of
the letter {kS} (being the last one of the alphabet); N. of Durg L.; of the wife of Sntanu;
of one of the mothers in Kanda's suite MBh. ix, 2639.
amrishaa *= ind. not falsely , certainly , surely S3Br. xiv BhP.
amrita = of ambrosia, potion to cause immortality *= (cf. Pa1n2. 6-2, 116) mfn. not
dead MBh. ; immortal RV. &c. ; imperishable RV. VS. ; beautiful, beloved L. ; m. an
immortal, a god RV. &c. ; N. of S3iva ; of Vishn2u MBh. xiii ; of Dhanvantari L. ; the
plant Phaseolus Trilobus Ait. ; the root of a plant L. ; (%{A}) f. a goddess RV. &c. ;
spirituous liquor L. ; Emblica Officinalis, Terminalia Citrina Roxb., Cocculus
Cordifolius, Piper Longum, Ocymum Sanctum ; N. of the mother of Parikshit MBh. i,
3794 ; of Da1ksha1yan2i1 MatsyaP. ; of a sister of Amr2itodana Buddh. ; of a river Hcat.
; of the first %{kalA} of the moon BrahmaP. ; (%{am}) n. collective body of immortals
RV. ; world of immortality, heaven, eternity RV. VS. AV. ; (also %{Ani} n. pl. RV. i, 72, 1
and iii, 38, 4) ; immortality RV. ; final emancipation L. ; the nectar (conferring
immortality, produced at the churning of the ocean), ambrosia RV. (or the voice
compared to itN. Ragh.) ; nectar-like food ; antidote against poison Sus3r. ; N. of a
medicament S3is3. ix, 36, medicament in general Buddh. ; the residue of a sacrifice (cf.
%{amReta-bhuj}) ; unsolicited alms Mn. iv, 4 and 5, water Naigh. ; milk L. clarified
butter L. (cf. %{paJA7mRta}), boiled rice L. ; anything sweet, a sweetmeat R. vii, 7,3 ; a
pear L. ; food L., property L. ; gold L. ; quicksilver L. ; poison L. ; a particular poison L. ;
a ray of light Ragh. x, 59N. of a metre RPra1t. ; of a sacred place (in the north) Hariv.
14095, of various conjunctions of planets (supposed to confer long life) L. ; the number,

`" four "' L.

amritaM = veritable nectar
amritattvaaya = for liberation
amritabinduu = a drop of nectar
amritabhujaH = those who have tasted such nectar
amritasya = of the immortal
amritodbhavaM = produced from the churning of the ocean
amritopamaM = just like nectar\
a4Msa*= *V: expansion, part of, m. the shoulder, shoulder-blade; corner of a
quadrangle; N. of a king; ({au}) m. du. the two shoulders or angles of an altar; a share
(for {aMza}); [cf. Goth. {amsa}; Gk. $, $; Lat. {humerus}, &124[1, 2] {ansa}.]
aMs'a *= m. (probably fr. 1. %{az}, perf. %{An-a4Mza}, and not from the above %{aMz}
fictitiously formed to serve as root), a share, portion, part, party ; partition, inheritance ;
a share of booty ; earnest money ; stake (in betting) RV. v, 86, 5 Ta1n2d2yaBr. ; a lot (cf.
2. %{prA7s}) ; the denominator of a fraction ; a degree of latitude or longitude ; a day L. ;
N. of an A1ditya.
aMs'aka* = 1 mf({ikA})n. (ifc.) forming part. \\2 m. a share; degree of latitude or
longitude; a co-heir L.; ({am}) n. a day L.

amu * = a pronom. base, used in the declension of the pronom. %{ada4s}, that (e.g. acc.
%{amu4m}, %{amU4m}; instr. %{amunA}, %{amuyA}; dat. %{amu4Smai}, %
{amuSyai}, &c.)
amushmin * = (loc. sg. of %{ada4s}) ind. in the other world L.; (forms the base of %
{AmuSmika} q.v.
amushya * = (gen.sg. of %{ada4c}), of such a one.amushyakula* = mfn. belonging to
the family of such a one, (ganas %{pratijanA7di} and %{manojJA7di} q.v.)
amushyaputra * = m. the son of such a one (i.e. of a good family, of known origin), (g. %
{manojJA7di} q.v.)
amutra = in the next life1 * = ind. there AV. S3Br. &c.; there above i.e. in the other
world, in the life to come VS. S3Br. &c.; there i.e. in what precedes or has been said
S3Br.; here Katha1s.
amuunii: *V = all those, all these, all such
amuurta * = mfn. formless, shapeless, unembodied S3Br. xiv Up. &c.; not forming one
body, consisting of different parts Su1ryas.; m. N. of Siva.
amuuDhaaH = unbewildered
aanga * = mfn. (in Gr.) relating to the base. ({aGga}) of a word Pn. 1-1, 63 Comm.; m. a
prince of the country Anga, (g. {pailA7di} q.v.); ({I}) f. a princess of that country MBh. i,
3772; ({am}) n. a soft delicate form or body L.

anana * =breathing, living

ananubhUta * = mfn. not perceived, not experienced unknown. (see also the affirmative
anubhUta)
antaraya* = 1 m. impediment, hindrance pS'r. (cf. {a4n-antaraya}.) //2 Nom. P. {ayati} see {antar-i}.
antaraaya* = m. intervention, obstacle.
anubhUta * = mfn. perceived, understood, apprehended; resulted, followed as a
consequeuce; that has experienced, tasted, tried or enjoyed.
anuvritta * = mfn. following, obeying, complying; rounded off; (%{am}) n. obedience,
conformity, compliance.
anuvritti *= f. following , acting suitably to , having regard or respect to , complying
with , the act of continuance ; (in Pa1n2ini's Gr.) continued course or influence of a
preceding rule on what follows ; reverting to ; imitating , doing or acting in like manner.
an.gamejayatva = unsteadiness of the body
ana* = m. breath, respiration S'Br. ChUp.
anaa* = ind. (fr. pronom. base {a}), hereby, thus, indeed RV.
anaadara = lack of respect

anaadi = without beginning

anaadiM = without beginning
anaaditva = non-beginning
anaaditvaat.h = due to eternity
anaagata *= mfn. ( %{gam}) , not come , not arrived [27,3] ; future ; not attained , not
learnt ; unknown ; (%{am}) n. the future.
anaakshArita * =mfn. unreproached.
anaakshit * =mfn. not residing or resting S'Br.
anaanasaphalam.h = (n) pineapple
anaanata* mfn. unbent, not humbled RV. m. N. of a Riishi of the SV.
anaamayaM = without miseries
anaapad* = {t} f. absence of misfortune or calamity Mn.
anaarambhaat.h = by nonperformance
anaarya = persons who do not know the value of life
anaatha * =having no master or protector; widowed; fatherless; helpless, poor; ({a4m})

n. want of a protector, helplessness RV. x, 10, 11.

anaatman * = not self, another; something different from spirit or soul; ({an-Atma4n})
mfn. not spiritual, corporeal, destitute of spirit or mind S'Br.
anaatmanaH = of one who has failed to control the mind
anaavrittiM = no return
anaashinaH = never to be destroyed
anaashritaH = without taking shelter
anaahata = unbeaten
anaahuta = (adj) un-invited
anaadritya * = ind. p. without respecting, regardless.
an-aadrita * = mfn. not respected, disrespected.
an-aadrita * = see {an-Adara}.
anaavrita* = mfn. uncovered S'Br. xiv, undressed; uninclosed, open.
anabhishvangaH = being without association
anabhiSaGga* = or %{an-abhiSvaGga} m. absence of connection or attachment

anabhisneha * = mfn. without affection, cold, unimpassioned

anabhisandhaaya = without desiring
anabhisnehaH = without affection
anadhishthhita * = mfn. not placed over, not appointed; not present.
anaha.nvaadi = without false ego
anahankaaraH = being without false egoism
anagha = O sinless one
anakshi * = n. a bad eye L. [24, 2]
anakshika * =mfn. eyeless TS.
anakshara * =mfn. unfit to be uttered; unable to articulate a syllable.
anakshasaGgam * =[MaitrS.] or {a4n-akSa-stambham} [S'Br.] ind. so as not to interfere
with the axle-tree.
anaksh* =(nom. {an-a4k}) mfn. blind RV. ii, 15, 7.
anAkula *= mf(%{A})n. not beset; not confused, unperplexed, calm, consistent, regular.
anala = fire

analaH = fire
analena = by the fire
anamiiva * = mf({A4})n., Ved. free from disease, well, comfortable; salubrious, salutary;
({a4m}) n. good health, happy stat
anaga * mf({A}) n. bodiless, incorporeal; m. N. of Kma (god of love, so called because
he was made bodiless by a flash from the eye of S'iva, for having attempted to disturb his
life of austerity by filling him with love for Prvat); ({am}) n. the ether, air, sky L.; the
mind L.; that which is not the anga.
ananta = infinite, a name of Vishnu* = mf({A})n. endless, boundless, eternal, infinite; m.
N. of Vishnu; of S'esha (the snake-god); of S'esha's brother Vsuki; of Kriishna; of his
brother Baladeva; of S'iva; of Rudra; of one of the Vis'va-devas; of the 14th Arhat, &c.;
the plant Sinduvra, Vitex Trifolia; Talc; the 23rd lunar asterism, S'ravana; a silken cord
(tied round the right arm at a particular festival); the letter {A}; a periodic decimal
fraction? ({A}) f. the earth; the number one; N. of Prvat and of various females, the
plant S'riv; Periploca Indica or Asclepias Pseudosarsa or Asthmatica (the root of
which supplies a valuable medicine); ({am}) n. the sky, atmosphere; Talc.
anantaM = unlimited
anantaH = Ananta
anantaraM = after
anantaruupa = O unlimited form

anantaruupaM = unlimited form

anantavijayaM = the conch named Ananta-vijaya
anantaviiryaa = unlimited potency
anantaaH = unlimited
anantaasana = Ananta's posture
ananya * = mf({A})n. no other, not another, not different, identical; self; not having a
second, unique; not more than one, sole; having no other (object), undistracted; not
attached or devoted to any one else
ananyachetaaH = without deviation of the mind
ananyabhaak.h = without deviation
ananyamanasaH = without deviation of the mind
ananyayaa = unalloyed, undeviating
ananyayogena = by unalloyed devotional service
ananyasvaamyam.h = (n) patent rights
ananyaaH = having no other object

ananyena = without division

anapades'a* = m. an invalid argument.
anapadhrishya* = ind, p. not having overpowered AitBr.
anaapad * = %{t} f. absence of misfortune or calamity Mn *VB when there is no
emergency;in the absence of danger;not in a calamit
anapaayin* = mfn. not going or passing away, constant in the same state; invariable.
anapeksha * = mfn. regardless, careless; indifferent; impartial; irrespective of;
irrelevant; (%{A}) f. disregard, carelessness; (%{a4n-ape7kSam}) ind. irrespectively,
carelessly S3Br.
anapeksha H = neutral
anapekshya = without considering the consequences
anartha* = m. non-value, a worthless or useless object; disappointing occurrence,
reverse, evil; nonsense; (mfn.), worthless, useless, bad; unfortunate; having no meaning;
having not that (but another) meaning; nonsensical.
anarthaM = purposeless/in vain/danger-productive
anas'nataH = abstaining from eating
anas'nan.h = without eating (having fasted)

anas'nat * = mfn. not eating RV. i, 164, 20, &c.

anas'nantsAGgamana* = m. the sacrificial fire in the Sabh (which is approached before
breakfast) S'Br.
anas'nAna * = mf({A})n. not eating.
anasuyave = to the nonenvious
anasuuyaH = not envious
anasuuya. * = not spiteful, not envious; ({A}) f. freedom from spite; absence of ill-will or
envy; N. of a daughter of Daksha; of one of S'akuntal's friends.
anasUyamfn. *= not spiteful , not envious ; (%{A}) f. freedom from spite ; absence of illwill or envy ; N. of a daughter of Daksha ; of one of S3akuntala1's friends.
anasuuyantaH = without envy
anas'vara *= mfn. imperishable.
anata * = mfn. not bent, not bowed down; not changed into a lingual consonant RPra1t.;
erect; stiff; haughty.
anati *= not very -, not too -, not past -. (Words commencing with %{an-ati} are so easily
analysed by referring to %{ati}, &c., that few need be enumerated.)=

anatmasa* A= inessential
anavaaptaM = wanted
anavabudhyamAna * = mfn. deranged L.
anavadya* = mf({A4})n. irreproachable, faultless; unobjectionable; ({A}) f. N. of an
Apsaras.
anavalokayaan.h = not looking
anavastha *= mfn. unsettled , unstable ; (%{A}) f. unsettled condition or character ;
instability , unsteady or loose conduct ; (in phil.) nonfinality (of a proposition) , endless
series of statements.
a-naya * =1 m. bad management; bad conduct (gambling, &c.)
an-aya * = 2 m. evil course, ill luck; misfortune, adversity (cf. {ayA7naya} s.v. {aya}.)
anayoH = of them
andha = blind
andhakaara = darkness
andhiikrita * = mfn. made blind.
andhiikritaatman * = mfn. blinded in mind.

aneka = Many
anekadhaa = into many
anekavachanaM = plural
anekadhaa *= ind. in various ways , often.
anekaani = many
anena = by thisa.ngaNa = field
anena* = V* by this, with Him by these; 1 mfn. without stags RV. vi, 66, 7 (cf. {enI4})
angaM = body
a.ngasa.nginau = with
a.ngaiH = limbs, body parts
a.ngaistushhthuvaa.nsastanuubhiH = having satisfied with strong limbs?
anga = a limb, or body part
anga* = 1 ind. a particle implying attention, assent or desire, and sometimes impatience,
it may be rendered, by well; indeed, true, please, rather quick; {kim aGga}, how much
rather!

a4nga* = 2 n. ( {am} Un.), a limb of the body; a limb, member; the body; a subordinate
division or department, especially of a science, as the six Vedngas; hence the number
six; N. of the chief sacred texts of the Jainas; a limb or subdivision of Mantra or counsel
(said to be five, viz. 1. {karmaNAm Arambho7pAyaH}, means of commencing
operations; 2. {puruSa-dravya-sampad}, providing men and materials; 3. {deza-kAlavibhAga}, distribution of place and time; 4. {vipatti-pratIkAra}, counter-action of
disaster; 5. {kArya-siddhi}, successful accomplishment; whence {mantra} is said to be
{paJcA7Gga}); any subdivision, a supplement; (in Gr.) the base of a word, but in the
strong cases only Pn. 1-4, 13 seqq.; anything inferior or secondary, anything immaterial
or unessential, see {aGga-tA}; (in rhetoric) an illustration; (in the drama) the whole of
the subordinate characters; an expedient; a mental organ, the mind L.; m. sg. or ({As})
m. pl.N. of Bengal proper or its inhabitants; (sg.)N. of a king of Anga; (mfn.), having
members or divisions L.; contiguous L.
angaM = limb(s)
angaani = limbs
anghri (aGghri) * = m. a foot; foot of a seat; the root of a tree [cf. %{aMhri}].
an'ghrinAmaka* =m. or a synonym of %{aGghri}, means always foot as well as root.
an'ghrinAman* =n. a synonym of %{aGghri}, means always foot as well as root.
an'ghripa* =m. (drinking with the foot or root), a tree.
an'ghripAna* =mfn. sucking the foot or toes (as an infant) L.

an'ghriparNI* =or f. the plant Hedysarum Lagopodioides.

an'ghriskandha* =m. the ancle.
an'ghrivalli* =or f. the plant Hedysarum Lagopodioides.
aghrivallikaa * =f. the plant Hedysarum Lagopodioides.
aniiha *= mfn. listless, indifferent ; m. N. of a king of Ayodhya1 ; (%{A}) f. indifference,
apathy, disinclination.
ajas * = %{as} n. ointment, a mixture RV. i, 132, 2 ; N. of a Sa1man A1rshBr. ; (%{as})
ind. quickly, instantly RV. BhP. ; see %{a4JjasA}.
ajasa * = mfn. straight, straightforward, honest L. ; (%{I4}) f. N. of a heavenly river
RV. i, 104, 4.
ajasA * = ind. straight on, right, truly, justly ; quickly, soon, instantly.
amrishaa * = ind. not falsely, certainly, surely S3Br. xiv BhP.
anaatha * = mf(%{A})n. having no master or protector ; widowed ; fatherless ; helpless,
poor ; (%{a4m}) n. want of a protector, helplessness RV. x, 10, 11.
a4ngira* = m. = {a4Ggiras} RV. i, 83, 4 and iv, 51, 4 MBh. Yj. (cf. Gk. $ and $.)
&2164[8,1] [8,2]
a4ngiras =, {As} m. N. of a Riishi, author of the hymns of RV. ix, of a code of laws, and of

a treatise on astronomy (he is said by some to have been born from Brahm's mouth,
and to have been the husband of Smriiti, of S'raddh, of two daughters of Maitreya, of
several daughters of Daksha, &c.; he is considered as one of the seven Riishis of the first
Manvantara, as a Prajpati, as a teacher of the Brahmavidy, which he had learnt from
Satyavha, a descendant of Bharadvja, &c. Among his sons, the chief is Agni, others are
Sanvarta, Utathya, and Briihaspati; among his daughters are mentioned Sinivl, Kuh,
Rk, Anumati, and Akpr; but the Riicas or Vedic hymns, the manes of Havishmat,
and mankind itself are styled his offspring. In astronomy he is the planet Jupiter, and a
star in Ursa Major); N. of Agni MBh.; ({asas}) m. pl. descendants of Angiras or of Agni
(mostly personifications of luminous objects); the hymns of the Atharva-veda TS.; priests
who by using the magical formulas of those hymns protect the sacrifice against the
effects of inauspicious accidents.
angirastama = ({a4Ggiras-}) mfn. having the luminous quality of the Angirasas in the
highest degree, said of Agni and of Ushas RV.
angirasvat = ind. like Angiras RV. VS.? ({a4Ggiras-vat}) mfn. connected with or
accompanied by the Angirasas RV. VS.
angirasAmayana = n. a Sattra sacrifice.
angirasa4 = m. an enemy of Vishnu in his incarnation of Paras'urma.
angula = a finger
angushhTha = the big toe
angushhThaH = (m) thumb

aniccha *= or %{an-icchaka} or %{an-icchat} mfn. undesirous , averse , unwilling ; not

intending.
anicchaa *= f. absence of wish or design , indifference.
anicchu *= mfn. = %{an-iccha} Vishn2us.
aniiDa *= mfn. having no nest RV. x , 55 , 6 , having no settled abode i.e. incorporeal Up.
; m. N. of Agni or fire L.
anidaana *= mfn. causeless , groundless.
anidra *= mf(%{A})n. sleepless, awake ; (%{A}) f. sleeplessness.
anichchhan.h = without desiring
aniiha *= mfn. listless , indifferent ; m. N. of a king of Ayodhya1 ; (%{A}) f. indifference
, apathy , disinclination.
aniika *= %{as}, %{am}, m.n. ( %{an}), face ; appearance, splendour, edge, point ;
front, row, array, march ; army, forces ; war, combat.
aniis'a *= mfn. one who has not a lord or superior, paramount; powerless, unable; m.
Vishn2u; (%{A}) f. powerlessness, helplessness Up.
aniishvaraM = with no controller

aniketaH = having no residenc* = or {a-niketana} mfn. houseless.

animisha * = mfn. not winking, looking steadily, vigilant RV. &c.; open (as eyes or
flowers); m. not winking, a god BhP.; a fish L., ({a4m}) ind. vigilantly RV. i, 24, 6.
animishaaksha * =mf({I}) n. one whose eyes are fixed.
animishaacaarya * =m. N. of Briihaspati.
animishat * =n. not winking, vigil mfn. not winking, looking steadily, vigilant RV. &c.;
open (as eyes or flowers); m. not winking, a god BhP.; a fish L., ({a4m}) ind. vigilantly
RV. i, 24, 6.
animishaaksha * =mf({I}) n. one whose eyes are fixed.
animisha * = mfn. not winking, looking steadily, vigilant RV. &c.; open (as eyes or
flowers); m. not winking, a god BhP.; a fish L., ({a4m}) ind. vigilantly RV. i, 24, 6.
animishat * =mfn. not winking, vigil
animiaacaarya * = m. N. of Br2ihaspati.
animishaaksha * = mf(%{I}) n. one whose eyes are fixed.
animishat * = mfn. not winking, vigilant RV.
animitta * = mf(%{A})n. having no adequate occasion, causeless, groundless ; (%{am})
n. absence of an adequate cause or occasion, groundlessness.

animittaliGganAsa * = m. `" unaccountable loss of distinct vision "'N. of an ophthalmic

disease ending in total blindness (perhaps amaurosis).
animittanirAkRta * = mfn. groundlessly rejected S3a1k.
animittatas * = ind. groundlessly Mn. iv, 144.
anilaH = (m) wind or air
aniiha* = mfn. listless, indifferent; m. N. of a king of Ayodhy; ({A}) f. indifference,
apathy, disinclination.
anila* = m. ( {an} cf. Trish {anal}), air or wind; the god of wind; one of the fortynine
Anilas or winds; one of the eight demi-gods, called Vasus; wind as one of the humors or
{rasas} of the body; rheumatism, paralysis, or any affection referred to disorder of the
wind; N. of a Riishi and other persons; the letter {y}; the number forty-nine.
aniiLa* = [RV. x, 55, 6] = {a4-nIDa} q.v.
anilachulli = (f) gas (LPG)
anirdes'ya* = mfn. undefinable, inexplicable, incomparable
anis'a *= mfn. `" nightless "', sleepless; uninterrupted, incessant (only in comp.); (%
{am}) ind. incessantly, continually.
anitya = uncertain/temporary/ephemeral/transient

anityaM = temporary
anityaH = nonpermanent
anirdeshyaM = indefinite
anirviNNachetasa = without deviation
aniruddha * = mfn. unobstructed, ungovernable, self-willed; m. a spy, a secret emissary
(?); the son of Pradyumna (a form of Kma, and husband of Ush); S'iva; N. of an Arhat
(contemporary of S'kyamuni); of a descendant of Vriishni; ({am}) n. the rope for
fastening cattle L.
anis'a *= mfn. `" nightless "', sleepless ; uninterrupted, incessant (only in comp.) ; (%
{am}) ind. incessantly, continually.
aniis'a *= mfn. one who has not a lord or superior, paramount ; powerless, unable ; m.
Vishn2u ; (%{A}) f. powerlessness, helplessness Up.
anishchayat.h = due to non-determination (having not decided)
anishhTa = and undesirable
anishhTaM = leading to hell
anishiddha *= mfn. unprohibited, unforbidden.
anivrita * = mfn. (1. %{vR}), unchecked, not impeded RV. iii, 29, 6.

a.njana = anointment
ajali* = m. ( {aJj}), the open hands placed side by side and slightly hollowed (as if by a
beggar to receive food; hence when raised to the forehead, a mark of supplication),
reverence, salutation, benediction; a libation to the Manes (two hands full of water,
{udakA7Jjali}) VP. &c.; a measure of corn, sufficient to fill both hands when placed side
by side, equal to a kudava.
ajalika* = as, {am} m. n. N. of one of Arjuna's arrows MBh.; ({A}) f. a young mouse L.
anjana* = ointment for the eyes
ajah *V easily, properly, as-it-is, directly
ajana * = m. a kind of domestic lizard L. ; N. of a fabulous, serpent ; of a tree Pan5cat.
; of a mountain, of a king of Mithila1, of the elephant of the west or south-west quarter ;
(%{A}) f. N. of Hanumat's mother ; of Pravarasena's mother ; (%{am}) n. act of applying
an ointment or pigment, embellishing, &c., black pigment or collyrium applied to the
eyelashes or the inner coat of the eyelids ; a special kind of this pigment, as lamp-black,
Antimony, extract of Ammonium, Xanthorrhiza, &c. ; paint, especially as a cosmetic ;
magic ointment ; ink L. ; night L. ; fire L. (In rhetoric) making clear the meaning of an
equivocal expression, double entendre or pun, &c.
ajanaka* = m. portion of a text containing the word {aJjana}, (g. {goSad-Adi} q.v.);
({I}) f. N. of a medicinal plant.
ajanii* = f. a woman (fit for the application of ointments, pigments, sandal, &c.) L.; N.
of two medicinaI plants.

ajasa *= mfn. straight , straightforward , honest L. ; (%{I4}) f. N. of a heavenly river

RV. i , 104 , 4.
ajasaa *= ind. straight on , right , truly , justly ; quickly , soon , instantly.
ajasaa *= ind. straight on , right , truly , justly ; quickly , soon , instantly.
ajasiina* = mfn. going straight on, straightforward RV. x, 32, 7.
ajaspA* = mfn. drinking instantly RV. x, 92, 2 and 94, 13.
ajasayana* = mf({I})n. having a straight course, going straight on TS. AitBr.
ajasIna* = mfn. going straight on, straightforward RV. x, 32, 7.
a.nkusha = a goad (metal stick used to control elephants)
a.nkushadhaariNam.h = bearing the weapon `ankusha' with which the elephant
a.nsha = part, angle
a.nsha-bhuutaM = has been a part of her
a.nshaH = fragmental particle
a.nshumaan.h = radiant

a.nshena = part
anrita = false
anrita*=not true, false; falsehood, lying, cheating; agriculture
anta = end *= m. end , limit , boundary , term ; end of a texture ; end , conclusion ; end
of life , death , destruction (in these latter senses some times neut.) ; a final syllable ,
termination ; last word of a compound ; pause , settlement , definite ascertainment ,
certainty ; whole amount ; border , outskirt (e.g. %{grAmA7nte} , in the outskirts of the
village) ; nearness , proximity , presence ; inner part , inside ; condition , nature ; (%{e})
loc. c. in the end , at last ; in the inside ; (%{am}) ind. as far as (ifc. e.g. %{udakA7ntam}
, as far as the water) ; (mfn.) , near , handsome , agreeable L. [cf. Goth. {andeis} , Theme
{andja} ; Germ. {Ende} ; Eng. {end}: with %{anta} are also compared the Gk. $ , $ ; Lat.
{ante} ; the Goth. {anda} in &13046[42 ,3] {anda-vaurd} , &c. ; and the Germ. {ent} e.g.
in {entsagen}].
antaM = or end
antaH = (adv) inside
antaHkaraNa = Mind
antaHpeTikaa = (f) drawer
antaHsthaani = within
antaka* = 1 m. border, boundary S3Br.\\2 mfn. making an end, causing death; m.

death; Yama, king or lord of death AV. &c.; N. of a man favoured by the As3vins RV. i,
112, 6N. of a king.
antakaale = at the end of life
antagataM = completely eradicated
antara = Sub-period in a Dasha
antara * = mf({A}) n. being in the interior, interior; near, proximate, related, intimate;
lying adjacent to; distant; different from; exterior; ({am}) n. the interior; a hole,
opening; the interior part of a thing, the contents; soul, heart, supreme soul; interval,
intermediate space or time; period; term; opportunity, occasion; place; distance,
absence; difference, remainder; property, peculiarity; weakness, weak side;
representation; surety, guaranty; respect, regard; (ifc.), different, other, another e.g.
{dezA7ntaram}, another country; ({am}), or {-ta4s} ind. in the interior, within [cf. Goth.
{anthar}, Theme {anthara}; Lith. {antra-s}, `" the second "'; Lat. {alter}].
antaraa * = ind. in the middle, inside, within, among, between ; on the way, by the way ;
near, nearly, almost ; in the meantime, now and then ; for some time ; (with acc. and
loc.) between, during, without.
antaraatmanaa = within himself
antaraatmaa = the inner self, residing in the heart
antaraaya = (m) obstacle* = m. intervention, obstacle.

antaraaraamaH = actively enjoying within

antaradeshiiya = among different countries mainly for transaction??
antaraM = between
antaranga = the practices of pranayama and
hara
antaraya * = 1 m. impediment, hindrance pS'r. (cf. {a4n-antaraya}.)
antariksha = (n) space
antarikshaM = space, sky
antardhaa * = 1 A1. %{-dhatte}, to place within, deposit ; to receive within ; to hide,
conceal, obscure ; to hide one's self: Pass. %{-dhIyate} to be received within, to be
absorbed ; to be rendered invisible ; to disappear, vanish ; to cease: Caus. %{-dhApayati}
; to render invisible, to cause to disappear.
antare = between
antareNa = without
antarjyotiH = aiming within
antaryutakam.h = (n) vest

antarsukhaH = happy from within

antavat.h = perishable
antavantaH = perishable
antike = near
ante = after
antevaasa *= m. a neighbour, companion AitBr.
antevasaayin *= m. a man living at the end of a town or village, a man belonging to the
lowest caste MBh. &c.
antyaja *= mfn. of the lowest caste ; m. a S3u1dra ; a man of one of seven inferior tribes
(a washerman, currier, mimic, Varud2a, fisherman, Meda or attendant on women, and
mountaineer or forester).
antyajagamana *= n. intercourse (between a woman of the higher caste) with a man of
the lowest caste.
antyajAgamana *= n. intercourse (between a man of the higher caste) with a woman of
the lowest caste.
antyajanman *= or mfn. of the lowest caste.
antyajaati *= or mfn. of the lowest caste.

antyajaatIya *= mfn. of the lowest caste.

annaM = (n) food
annaat.h = from grains
aniiha* = mfn. listless, indifferent; m. N. of a king of Ayodhy; ({A}) f. indifference,
apathy, disinclination.
aNiiyaa.nsaM = smaller
aNIyas = {an}, {as},, as (fr. {aNu} q.v.), or mfn. more minute than usual.
anaNIyas * = mfn. not at all minute; vast, mighty S3is3. iii, 4.
anirukta * = mfn. unuttered, not articulated ; not explained (because of being clear by
itself) [30,1] ; unspeakable TUp.
aniruktagAna * = n. indistinct singing ; humming (of hymns), a particular mode of
chanting the Sa1ma-veda.
aniyata * mfn. not regulated, uncontrolled, not fixed, uncertain, unrestricted, irreguIar,
casual; not unaccentuated RPra1t.
aNoH = than the atom
anutaapa *= m. repentance, heat.

anu = following
aNu * = mf(%{vI})n. fine, minute, atomic; (%{us}) m. an atom of matter; `" an atom of
time "', the 54, 675, 000th part of a muhu1rta (of 48 minutes); Panicum Miliaceum VS.
S3Br. xiv Mun2d2UP.; N. of Siva; (%{a4NvI}) f. `" the subtle one "'N. of the fingers
preparing the Soma juice RV.; (%{u}) n. (in prosody) the fourth part of a ma1tra1; (%
{aNu4}) ind. minutely S3Br.
2 aNU (with %{bhU}, &c.) see s.v.
3 aNU (for %{aNu} in comp. with %{bhU} and its derivatives).
4 anu 1 mfn. = %{aNu} q.v. L.
5 anu 2 m. a non-A1ryan man RV.; N. of a king (one of Yaya1ti's sons); of a nonA1ryan tribe MBh. &c.
6 anu 3 ind. (as a prefix to verbs and nouns, expresses) after, along, alongside,
lengthwise, near to, under, subordinate to, with. (When prefixed to nouns, especially in
adverbial compounds), according to, severally, each by each, orderly, methodically, one
after another, repeatedly. (As a separable preposition, with accusative) after, along, over,
near to, through, to, towards, at, according to, in order, agreeably to, in regard to,
inferior to Pa1n2. 1-4, 86. As a separable adverb) after, afterwards, thereupon, again,
further, then, next.
anubandha = (m) result, effect * = m. binding, connection, attachment; encumbrance;
clog; uninterrupted succession; sequence, consequence, result; intention, design; motive,
cause; obstacle; inseparable adjunct or sign of anything, secondary or symptomatic
affection (supervening on the principal disease); an indicatory letter or syllable attached
to roots, &c. (marking some peculiarity in their inflection; e.g. an {i} attached to roots,
denotes the insertion of a nasal before their final consonant); a child or pupil who
imitates an example set by a parent or preceptor; commencement, beginning; anything

small or little, a part, a small part; (in arithm.) the junction of fractions; (in phil.) an
indispensable element of the Vednta; ({I}) f. hickup L.; thirst L.
anubandhaM = of future bondage
anubandhiini = bound
anubandhe = at the end
anudars'ana * = n. consideration , regard.
anudars'in * = mfn. considering , foreseeing.
aNuubhva * = m. the becoming an atom Nir.
anubhava* = m. perception, apprehension, fruition; understanding; impression on the
mind not derived from memory; experience, knowledge derived from personal
observation or experiment; result, consequence.
anubhaava * = m. sign or indication of a feeling ({bhAva}) by look or gesture Kpr. &c.;
dignity, authority, consequence; firm opinion, ascertainment, good resolution, belief.
anubudh* = to awake; to recollect; to learn (by infurmation): Caus. {-bodhayati}, to
communicate, to remind, Sk.
aNuubhuu * = to become minute or atomic.
anubhuu * = to enclose, embrace ChUp.; to be after, attain, equal RV. &c.; to be useful,

to help S'Br. S'nkhS'r.; to turn or incline to RV. x, 147, 1 [36,3]; to notice, perceive,
understand; to experience, to attempt.
anubhuj * = to suffer the consequence of one's actions ; to enjoy successively Kum. ; to
enjoy, participate ; to pass (an asterism) BhP.
anubhuu * = mfn. perceiving, understanding (ifc.)
anubhuuta *= perceived, understood, apprehended; resulted, followed as a consequeuce;
that has experienced, tasted, tried or enjoyed
anubhUti *= f. perception; knowledge from any source but memory; (in phil.) knowledge
gained by means of the four Pramnas (perception by the senses, inference, comparison,
and verbal authority); dignity, consequence.
anubhUta* = mfn. perceived, understood, apprehended; resulted, followed as a
consequeuce; that has experienced, tasted, tried or enjoyed.
anubhUtiprakAza *= m. N. of a metrical paraphrase of the twelve principal Upanishads
by Vidyranya-muni.
anubhUtisvarUpAcArya *= m. N. of the author of the grammar Srasvat-prakriy.
anubhUya *= ind. having experienced.
anucar *= to walk or move after or along ; to follow, pursue, seek after ; to follow out,
adhere to, attend ; to behave: Caus. %{-cArayati}, to let or cause to traverse: Intens. p. %
{-carcUrya4mANa}, continuing following RV. x, 124, 9.

anucara *= mf(%{I4})n. following, attending ; (%{a4s}) m. companion, follower,

servant ; (%{I4}, rarely %{A}) f. a female attendant.
anucaritam V*= character, life story, characteristics, activities, pastimes
anuchaaraya = (causative of anu+car) follow
anuchintayan.h = constantly thinking of
anudarshanaM = observing * = n. consideration, regard.
anudinaM = daily
anuddishya = having targetted or aimed at
anudvignamanaaH = without being agitated in mind
anudvegakaraM = not agitating
anuga *= mf(%{A4})n. going after, following, corresponding with, adapted to ; a
companion ; a follower, a servant ; (ifc.) followed by ; (%{A}) f. N. of an Apsaras.
anugaa *= 1. to go after, follow ; to act in conformity to, or according to the wishes of
RV.
anugam *= cl. 1. P. %{-gacchati} , %{-gantum} , to go after , follow , seek , approach , visit , arrive ;
to practise , observe , obey , imitate ; to enter into ; to die out , be extinguished: Caus. %{-gamayati} , to
imitate cause to die out.

anugama *= m. or %{am} , following , going after in life or death

anugamana *= %{am} , following , going after in life or death ; postcremation of a
widow , imitating , approaching.
anugata * = mfn. followed by, having anything (as a skin) hanging behind; following; a
follower; acquired; extinguished; tallying with; (%{am}) n. moderate time (in music).
anugiitaa* = f. `" an after-song "'N. of part of the fourteenth book of the Mahbhrata
(chaps. 16-92).
anugraha * = m. favour, kindness, showing favour, conferring benefits, promoting or
furthering a good object; assistance; facilitating by incantations; rear-guard; N. of the
eighth or fifth creation VP.
anugrihiita * = mfn. favoured, obliged.
anuja * mfn. born after, later, younger; m. a younger brother, a cadet; the plant
Tryamna; ({am}) n. the plant Prapaundarika; ({A}) f. a younger sister TS.
anujaa* = 1 to permit, grant, allow, consent; to excuse, forgive; to authorize; to allow
one to depart, dismiss, bid farewell to; to entreat; to behave kindly: Caus. %{-jJApayati},
to request, ask permission, ask for leave to depart, to take leave: Desid. %{-jijJAsati} or
%{-te}, to wish to allow or permit Pa1n2. 1-3, 58.//2 f. assent, assenting, permission;
leave to depart; allowance made for faults; an order or command.
anujan * = cl. 4. . {-jAyate}, to follow in being born or produced or arising; to take after
(one's parents) Ragh.

anu-janman * = {A} m. a younger brother, younger.

anu-janam * = ind. according to people, popularly.
anujiivin* = mfn. living by or upon; dependent; (%{I}) m. a dependent, follower; N. of a
crow Pan5cat.
anujiivisaatkrita * = mfn. made wholly subservient Kir.
anujaa *= 1 to permit, grant, allow, consent ; to excuse, forgive ; to authorize ; to allow
one to depart, dismiss, bid farewell to ; to entreat ; to behave kindly: Caus. %{jJApayati}, to request, ask permission, ask for leave to depart, to take leave: Desid. %{jijJAsati} or %{-te}, to wish to allow or permit Pa1n2. 1-3, 58. \\ 2 f. assent, assenting,
permission ; leave to depart ; allowance made for faults ; an order or command.
anukalpa * = m. permission to adopt an alternative or substitute (e.g. instead of Kus3a
grass you may use Du1rba1) Mn. &c.
anukamp * = to sympathize with, compassionate
anukampaka * = m. `" sympathizer "'N. of a king; (mfn.) ifc. sympathizing with,
compassionating.
anukampana * n. sympathy, compassion.
anu-kampanIya * = mfn. pitiable.
anukampita * mfn. compassionated

anukampin * = mfn. sympathizing with.

anukampya * = mfn. pitiable, worthy of sympathy m. an ascetic L., expeditious
(explained by {tarasvin}, perhaps for {tapasvin}) L.
anukampaarthaM = to show special mercy
anukaroti = (1 pp) to follow, to mimic, to ape, to emulate
anukaari = like
anukrama *= m. succession, arrangement, order, method ; an index showing the
successive contents of a book ; (%{am}) or (%{eNa}) or (%{At}) ind. in due order.
anukramaNa *= n. proceeding methodically or in order ; following.
anukramaNI *= f. a table or chapter of contents, index to a collection of Vedic hymns
(giving the first word of each hymn, the number of verses, name and family of poets,
names of deities and metres).
anukramaNikA *= or f. a table or chapter of contents, index to a collection of Vedic
hymns (giving the first word of each hymn, the number of verses, name and family of
poets, names of deities and metres).
anukuula * = mf(%{A})n. following the bank (%{kUla}) or slope or declivity; according to
the current AV.; favourable, agreeable; conformable to; friendly, kind, well-disposed; m.
a faithful or kind and obliging husband; (%{A}) f. Croton Polyandrum; N. of a metre; (%
{am}) n. (in poetry) narrative of calamity leading finally to happiness.

anulipta = smeared
anulepanaM = smeared with
anuloma = with the grain, naturally* = mf({A})n. `" with the hair or grain "' (opposed to
{prati-loma} q.v.), in a natural direction, in order, regular, successive; conformable;
({A}) f. a woman of a lower caste than that of the mas with whom she is connected
Yj.; ({As}) m. `" descendants of an anulom "', mixed castes, (g. {upakA7di} q.v.);
({a4m}) ind. in regular order S'Br. &c.
anumaana *= 1 m. permission, consent TBr. Ka1t2h. / 2 n. the act of inferring or
drawing a conclusion from given premises; inference, consideration, reflection; guess,
anumaatuM = to guess
anumaanaat.h = (ablat.)from guessing or induction
anuman *= to approve, assent to, permit, grant: Caus. P. %{-mAnayati}, to ask for
permission or leave, ask for (acc.) Ya1jn5.; to honour. conjecture; one of the means of
obtaining true knowledge (see %{pramANa}).
anumantR *= mfn. consenting to, permitting TBr. &c.
anumantr *= to accompany with or consecrate by magic formulas; to dismiss with a
blessing.
anumantraNa *= n. consecration by hymns and prayers.

anumantraNamantra *= m. a hymn used in consecrating.

anumantrita *= mfn. so consecrated.
anumantaa = permitter
anumati = (f) permission * = f. assent, permission, approbation; personified as a
goddess RV. AV. &c.; the fifteenth day of the moon's age (on which it rises one digit less
than full, when the gods or manes receive oblations with favour); also personified as a
goddess VP., oblation made to this goddess.
anumata* = mfn. approved, assented to, permitted, allowed, agreeable, pleasant; loved,
beloved; concurred with, being of one opinion; ({am}) n. consent, permission,
approbation; ({e}) loc. ind. with consent of.
anumati* = f. assent, permission, approbation; personified as a goddess RV. AV. &c.; the
fifteenth day of the moon's age (on which it rises one digit less than full, when the gods or
manes receive oblations with favour); also personified as a goddess VP., oblation made to
this goddess. anumIyamAna* = mfn. Pass. p. being inferred
anumeya mfn. to be measured AV. vi, 137, 2; inferable, to be inferred, proved or
conjectured.
anumita * = mfn. inferred, conjectured.
anumimaana * = mfn. p. A1. concluding, inferring.
anumoda * = m. a subsequent pleasure, the feeling of pleasure from sympathy.

anumodaka * = mf(%{ikA})n. assenting, showing sympathetic joy.

anumodana * = n. pleasing, causing pleasure, applauding ; assent, acceptance ;
sympathetic joy.
anumodita* = mfn. pleased, delighted, applauded; agreeable, acceptable.
anumR * to follow in death
anumRgyadAzu * = mfn. granting all that is sought.
anumRgya * mfn. ( {mRg}), to be sought after
anumRtA * f. the woman who burns with a part of her husband's dress.
anumRj * = to rub lengthways for polishing or cleaning AV. S'Br. &c. Intens. part. {ma4rmRjAna}, stretching (the arms) repeatedly towards RV. x, 142, 5.
anumRz * =to grasp, seize RV. &c.; to consider, think of, reflect: Caus. {-marzayati}, to
touch or take hold of for the sake of examining Kthh.
anuniita * = mfn. disciplined, taught ; obtained ; respected ; pleased, pacified ; humbly
entreated.
anuniniishu * = mfn. desirous of conciliating.
anupaa* = 1 1. to drink after or there upon, follow in drinking, drink at; Caus. (Pot. {-

pAya4yet}) to cause to drink afterwards S'Br. [35, 2] \\* = 2 2. Caus. P. . {-pAlayati}, {te}, to preserve, keep, cherish; to wait for, expect.
anuupa* = mfn. (fr. 2. {a4p} q.v., with {anu}), situated near the water, watery L.; ({a4s})
m. a watery country Mn. &c.; pond RV.; bank of a river; a buffalo (cf. {AnUpa}) L.; N. of
a Riishi, teacher of the Sma-veda.
anupakaariNe = irrespective of return
anupalabdha * = mfn. unobtained, unperceived, unascertained.
anupashyati = one tries to see through authority
anupashyanti = can see
anupas'aanta *= mfn. not calm ; m. N. of a Buddhist mendicant.
anupas'aya *= m. any aggravating circumstance (in a disease).
anupashyaami = do I foresee
anuprapannaaH = following
anuprikta: = mfn. mixed with MBh.
anupuurva* = mf({A})n. regular, orderly, in successive order from the preceding;
({a4m}) ind. in regular order, from the first RV. &c.; ({eNa}) ind. in regular order or
succession, from the first, from the beginning, from above downwards.

anupuurvya* = mfn. regular, orderly KtyS'r.

anuraadhaa = Seventeenth nakshatra
anuraa * = to be brilliant or shine in accordance with (said of corresponding metres)
RV.
anurajyate = is becoming attached
anurata * = a mfn. fond of, attached to.
anurakta * mfn. fond of, attached, pleased; beloved.
anuraj * = to become red in imitation of ; to be attached or devoted: Caus. P. %{raJjayati}, to win, conciliate, gratify.
anurajaka * = mf(%{ikA})n. attaching, conciliating.
anurajana * = n. the act of attaching or conciliating affection, love ; pleasing.
anurodha * = m. obliging or fulfilling the wishes (of any one) ; obligingness,
compliance ; consideration, respect ; reference or bearing of a rule.
anuruupa * = mfn. following the form, conformable, corresponding, like, fit, suitable;
adapted to, according to; m. the Antistrophe which has the same metre as the Stotriya or
Strophe; the second of three verses recited together; (%{am}) n. conformity, suitability;
(%{am}, %{eNa}) ind. ifc. conformably, according.

anus'aasana * = n. instruction, direction, command, precept RV. x, 32, 7, &c.

anushakta *= mfn. closely connected with , supplied from something preceding.
anus'am * = to become calm after or in consequence of BhP.
anus'aMs* = to recite or praise after another TS. &c.; (Ved. Inf. (dat.) %{anu-za4se}) to
join in praising RV. v, 50, 2.
anuzs'ush *= to dry up gradually S3Br. &c. ; to become emaciated by gradual practice
of religious austerity Kaus3. ; to languish after another.
anusavanam * = ind. at every sacrifice TBr. &c.; constantly BhP.
anuzaya * = m. close connection as with a consequence, close attachment to any object;
(in phil.) the consequence or result of an act (which clings to it and causes the soul after
enjoying the temporary freedom from transmigration to enter other bodies); repentance,
regret; hatred; ancient or intense enmity; (%{I}) f. a4 disease of the feet, a boil or abscess
on the upper part; a boil on the head.
anusev * = to practise, observe.
anusevin* = mfn. practising, observing, habitually addicted to.
anushaasitaaraM = the controller
anus'ayin * = mfn. having the consequence of an act, connected as with a consequence;
devotedly attached to, faithful; repentant, penitent, regretful, sorry for; hating deeply.

31 anus'aayin mfn. lying or extending along Nir.

anushushruma = I have heard by disciplic succession
anushochanti = lament
anus'ocaka * = mfn. grieving , one who repents ; occasioning repentance.
anus'ocana * = n. sorrow , repentance.
anushochituM = to lament
anushhajjate = one necessarily engages
anushhTup.h = the format's name
anushhThana = (n) performance, execution
anusantataani = extended
anusaraNa* = n. following, going after; tracking, conformity to, consequence of; custom,
habit, usage.
anusaara = following, customary(masc)
anus'aasana * = n. instruction, direction, command, precept
anus'aya m. close connection as with a consequence, close attachment to any object; (in

phil.) the consequence or result of an act (which clings to it and causes the soul after
enjoying the temporary freedom from transmigration to enter other bodies); repentance,
regret; hatred; ancient or intense enmity; ({I}) f. a4 disease of the feet, a boil or abscess
on the upper part; a boil on the head.
anusmara = go on remembering
anusmaran.h = remembering
anusmaret.h = always thinks of
anusuu * = {Us} m. N. of wk., Pn Comm.
anu-suucaka * = mf({ikA})n. ( {sUc}), indicative of, pointing out.
anu-suucana * = n. pointing out, indication.
anu-suupam * = ind. in every condiment.
anusvaaraH = the accompanying sound or letter ( the letter form `.n' `M'?)
anutishhThanti = regularly perform
anuttamaM = the finest
anuttamaaM = the highest
anusvaara* = m. ( {svR}), aftersound, the nasal sound which is marked by a dot above

the line, and which always belongs to a preceding vowel.

anuvarN* = to mention, describe, recount; to praise.
anuvaada* = m. saying after or again, repeating by way of explanation, explanatory
repetition or reiteration with corroboration or illustration, explanatory reference to
anything already said; translation; a passage of the Brhmanas which explains or
illustrates a rule ({vidhi}) previously propounded (such a passage is sometimes called
{anuvAda-vacana}); confirmation Nir.; slander, reviling L.
anuvaaram* = ind. time after time.
anuvartanIya* = mfn. to be followed; to be supplied from a previous rule.
anuvartin* = mfn. following, compliant, obedient, resembling.
anuvartitva* = n. the state of being so.
anuvartman* =mfn. following attending AV. &c.; ({a}) n. a path previously walked by
another BhP.
anuvartitR* = {tA} m. a wooer RV. x, 109, 2.
anuvartana* = &c. see {anu-vRt}.
anuvartana* = n. obliging, serving or gratifying another; compliance, obedience;
following, attending; concurring; consequence, result; continuance; supplying from a
previous rule.

anuvartate = follows in the footsteps

anuvartante = would follow
anuvartayati = adopt
anuvaadaM = translation
anuvaadya = having translated
anuvelam * = ind. now and then.
anuvidhiiyate = becomes constantly engaged
anuvrata *= mfn. devoted to , faithful to , ardently attached to (with gen. or acc.)
anuvri * = to cover, KaushBr. &c.; to surround: Caus. . {-vArayate}, to hinder, prevent.
anuvritta * = mfn. following, obeying, complying; rounded off; ({am}) n. obedience,
conformity, compliance.
anuvritti * = f. following, acting suitably to, having regard or respect to, complying with,
the act of continuance; (in Pnini's Gr.) continued course or influence of a preceding rule
on what follows; reverting to; imitating, doing or acting in like manner.
anuvrit * = . to go after; to follow, pursue; to follow from a previous rule, be supplied
from a previous sentence; to attend; to obey, respect, imitate; to resemble; to assent; to
expect; Caus. P. {-vartayati}, to roll after or forward; to follow up, carry out; to supply.

anuvrit * = mfn. walking after, following MaitrS. PBr.

anuyaayinaH = followers
anuyaajaanumantraNa *= reciting those formulas Ka1tyS3r.
anuuchaanaM = (teacher?)
aNva * = n. fine interstice or hole in the strainer used for the Soma juice RV
anvA * (for 2. {anu-vA} q.v.), blowing after TndyaBr. GopBr.
anaavrishthi* = f. want of rain, drought.
anvaham * = ind. day after day, every day.
anvashochaH = you are lamenting
anvaya = Family *= m. ( %{i} see %{anv-i}), following, succession [46,2] ; connection,
association, being linked to or concerned with ; the natural order or connection of words
in a sentence, syntax, construing ; logical connection of words ; logical connection of
cause and effect, or proposition and conclusion ; drift, tenor, purport ; descendants,
race, lineage, family.
anvayavat * mfn. having a connection (as a consequence), following, agreeing with;
belonging to race or family; ({vat}) ind. in connection with, in the sight of Mn. viii, 332.
anvayavyatireka * n. agreement and contrariety; a positive and negative proposition;

species and difference; rule and exception; logical connection and disconnection.
anvayavyaapti * = f. an affirmative argument.
anvayin * mfn. connected (as a consequence); belonging to the same family
anvayitva * = n. the state of being a necessary consequence.
anvetave * = &c. see %{anv-i}.
anvi * = to go after or alongside, to follow; to seek; to be guided by; to fall to one's share
RV. iv, 4, 11; Ved. Inf. %{a4nv-etave} to reach or join [BR.], to imitate [Gmn.] RV. vii,
33, 8; %{a4nv-etavai4}, to go along (with acc.) RV. i, 24, 8; vii, 44, 5.
anvish* = 3. cl. 1. P. %{-icchati}, to desire, seek, seek after, search, aim, at AV. &c.: cl. 4.
P. %{-iSyati} id. R. &c., Caus. %{-eSayati} id. Mr2icch. &c.
anvishtha * = or mfn. sought, required.
anviiksh* = to follow with one's looks, to keep looking or gazing AV. &c.; to keep in view
S'Br.
anvichchha = try for
anvIkshaa* = f. examining, inquiry Comm. on Nyyad. [47, 3]; meditation BhP.
anviikshaNa* = n. or exa mining, inquiry Comm. on Nyyad. [47, 3]

anviikshaa* = f. exa mining, inquiry Comm. on Nyyad. [47, 3]; meditation BhP.
anviikshitavya* = mfn. to be kept in view or in mind S'Br.
aanviikshikI* = f. (fr. {anv-IkSA}), logic, logical philosophy, metaphysics MBh. Mn.
Gaut. &c
anvita * = mfn. gone along with; joined, attended, accompanied by, connected with,
linked to; having as an essential or inherent part, endowed with, possessed of,
possessing; acquired; reached by the mind, understood; following; connected as in
grammar or construction.\\ %{anv-ita} q.v. Ba1lar. Kir.
anvitaaH = absorbed, * gone along with, joined, attended, accompanied
anveshhaNam.h = (n) search, exploration
anya = other person * = 1 (3) n. inexhaustibleness (as of the milk of cows) AV. xii, 1, 4 (cf.
%{a4nyA}.).// 2 %{as}, %{A}, %{at}, other, different; other than, different from,
opposed to (abl. or in comp.); another; another person; one of a number; %{anya@anya}
or %{eka@anya}, the one, the other; %{anyac@ca}, and another, besides, moreover [cf.
Zd. {anya}; Armen. {ail}; Lat. {alius}; Goth. {aljis}, Theme {alja}; Gk. $ &13802[45,2]
for $; cf. also $].
anyaM = other
anyaH = another
anyatama * = mfn. any one of many, either, any.

anyat.h = other
anyatra = somewhere else
anyathaa = other *= ind. otherwise, in a different manner (with %{atas}, %{itas}, or %
{tatas} = in a manner different from this; %{anyathA@anyathA}, in one way, in another
way); inaccurately, untruly, falsely, erroneously; from another motive; in the contrary
case, otherwise [cf. Lat. {aliuta}].
anyayaa = by the other
anyaaM = another
anyaan.h = others
anyaani = different
anyaayena = illegally
anye = others
anyena = by another
anyebhyaH = from others
anyaiH = by others
anyonya = mutual

apa* = ind. (as a prefix to nouns and verbs, expresses) away, off, back (opposed to %
{u4pa}, %{a4nu}, %{sam}, %{pra}); down (opposed to %{ud}).
apaada* = mfn. not divided into Pdas not metrical.
apaadaa* = 1. . to take off or away S'Br. Kaus'.
apaana = one of the vital airs, controls the elimination of bodily wastes* = m. (opposed to
%{prA7Na4}), that of the five vital airs which goes downwards and out at the anus; the
anus MBh. (in this sense also (%{am}) n. L.); N. of a Sa1man PBr.; ventris crepitus L.
apaanaM = the air going downward
apaane = in the air which acts downward
apaapo = without sins
apaaraa = one who has no limits
apaara* = mfn. not having an opposite shore TS.; not having a shore, unbounded,
boundless (applied to the earth, or to heaven and earth, [{ro4dasI}], &c.) RV. &c.; m. `"
not the opposite bank "', the bank on this side (of a river) MBh. viii, 2381; ({am}) n. (in
Snkhya phil.) `" a bad shore "', `" the reverse of {pAra} "', a kind of mental indifference
or acquiescence; the reverse of mental acquiescence L.; the boundless sea.
apaatrebhyaH = to unworthy persons
apaartha* = mfn. without any object, useless; unmeaning BhP. &c.; ({am}) n. incoherent

argument
apaarthaka * =mfn. useless
apaavrita* = mfn. open, laid open RV. i, 57, 1, &c.; covered L.; unrestrained, self willed
apaavritaM = wide open
apaaya* = see %{ape7}.
apaaya* = m. going away, departure; destruction, death, annihilation; injury, loss;
misfortune, evil, calamity.
apaayaya *V = to (breast)-feed
apaayinaH = disappearing
apachii = to decrease
apaciti 1 f. honouring, reverence S3is3.\\ 2 f. loss L.; expense L.; N. of a daughter of
Mari1ci VP.; (for 3. %{a4pa-citi} see below.) \\ 3 3 f. (= $, 3. %{ci}), compensation,
either recompense [TS. &c.] or retaliation, revenge, punishing RV. iv, 28, 4, &c.
apada* = n. no place, no abode AV.; the wrong place or time Kaths. &c.; (mfn.), footless
Pacat.
apades'a *= m. assigning, pointing out Ka1tyS3r.; pretence, feint, pretext, disguise,
contrivance; the second step in a syllogism (i.e. statement of the reason); a butt or mark

L.; place, quarter L.

apahaa 1 2. A1. %{-jihIte} (aor. 3. pl. %{-ahAsata} Subj. 1. pl. %{-hAsmahi}), to run
away from (abl.) or off RV.\\ 2 3. A1. (aor. Subj. 2. sg. %{-hAsthAH}) to remain
behind, fall short, not reach the desired end AV. xviii, 3, 73: Pass. %{-hIyate}, to grow
less, decrease (in strength, %{balam}) Sus3r.
apaharaNa = stealing
apahartaaraM = the remover]destroyer
apahnava *= m. concealment , denial of or turning off of the truth ; dissimulation ,
appeasing , satisfying S3Br. ; affection , love R. ; = %{apa-hnuti} Sa1h.
apahrita = stolen
apahritachetasaaM = bewildered in mind
apaishunaM = aversion to fault-finding
apakaara * = m. wrong, offence, injury, hurt; despise, disdain.
apakarsha * = m. drawing or dragging off or down, detraction, diminution, decay;
lowering, depression; decline, inferiority, infamy; anticipation Nyyam.; (in poetry)
anticipation of a word occurring later.
apa-karsha-sama * = {as}, {A} mf. a sophism in the Nyya (e.g. `" sound has not the
quality of shape as a jar has, therefore sound and a jar have no qualities in common "').

apa-karshaka * = mf({ikA})n. drawing down, detracting (with gen.) Sh.

apakri = to harm
apalaayanaM = not fleeing
apamaa = comparison
apamaanayoH = and dishonor
apanaya* = m. leading away, taking away; bad policy, bad or wicked conduct.
apanayana* = n. taking away, withdrawing; destroying, healing; acquittance of a debt.
apanudyaat.h = can drive away
apanutti *= f. removing , taking or sending away ; expiation Mn. and Ya1jn5.
apaNDita = someone who is not a scholar
apara = other* = 1 mfn. having nothing beyond or after, having no rival or superior.* =2
mf({A})n. (fr. {a4pa}), posterior, later, latter (opposed to {pU4rva}; often in comp.);
following; western; inferior, lower (opposed to {pa4ra}); other, another (opposed to
{sva4}); different (with abl.); being in the west of; distant, opposite. Sometimes {apara}
is used as a conjunction to connect words or sentences e.g. {aparaM-ca}, moreover; m.
the hind foot of an elephant S'is'.; ({A}) f. the west L.; the hind quarter of an elephant L.;
the womb L.; ({I4}) f. (used in the pl.) or ({a4m}) [RV. vi, 33, 5] n. the future RV. S'Br.;
({a4param} [AV.] or {apara4m} [RV.]) ind. in future, for the future; ({aparam}) ind.

again, moreover PrGri. Pacat.; in the west of (abl.) KtyS'r.; ({eNa}) ind. (with acc.)
behind, west, to the west of KtyS'r. [cf. Goth. and Old Germ. {afar}, and the Mod. Germ.
{aber}, in such words as {Aber-mal}, {Aber-witz}].
aparaM = junior
apararaatra = (m) dawn
aparaspara = without cause
aparaa = lower
aparaadha* = m. offence, transgression, fault; mistake; %{aparAdhaM} 1: %{kR}, to
offend any one (gen.)
aparaardhya* = mfn. without a maximum, unlimited in number s'vS'r. [50,3]
aparaani V*= others, one after another
aparaja* = mfn. born later VS.
aparajana* = sg. or pl. m. inhabitants of the west GopBr. KtyS'r.
aparatra* = ind. in another place; ({eka-tra}, {aparatra}, in one place, in the other place
Pn. 6-1, 194 Sch.)
aparatva* = n. = {-tA} q.v.

aparasad* = mfn. being seated behind PBr. -2.

aparaajitaH = who had never been vanquished
aparaajiita = Unconquered
aparaajita:* = mf({A})n. unconquered, unsurpassed RV. &c.; m. a poisonous insect
Sus'r.; Vishnu; S'iva; one of the eleven Rudras Hariv.; a class of divinities (constituting
one portion of the so-called Anuttara divinities of the Jainas); N. of a serpent-demon
MBh.; of a son of Kriishna BhP.; of a mythical sword Kaths.; ({A}) f. (with {diz}) the
northeast quarter AitBr. &c.; Durg; several plants, Clitoria Ternatea, Marsilea
Quadrifolia, Sesbania AEgyptiaca; a species of the S'arkari metre (of four lines, each
containing fourteen syllables).
aparaaNi = others
aparaan.h = others
apare = others
aparigraha = abstention from greed, non-possessiveness
aparigrahaH = free from the feeling of possessiveness
aparimeyaM = immeasurable *= mfn. immeasurable , illimitable.
aparihaarye = of that which is unavoidable

aparyaaptaM = immeasurable
apasada * = m. the children of six degrading marriages (of a Brhman with the women
of the three lower classes, of a Kshatriya with women of the two lower, and of a Vais'ya
with one of the S'dra Mn. x, 10 seqq., but cf. MBh. xiii, 2620 seqq. and {apadhvaMsaja}), an outcast (often ifc.; see {brAhmaNA7pasada}).
apashyat.h = he could see
apas'ya *= mfn. not seeing RV. i , 148 , 5.
apaazyaa *= f. no great number of nooses or fetters Pa1n2. 6-2 , 156 Sch.
apas'yanaa *=

f. not seeing Buddh.

apas'yat *= mfn. id. RV. x , 135 , 3 ; (in astron.) not being in view of VarBr2. ; not
noticing ; not considering , not caring for Ya1jn5. ii , 3.
aps'raya * = 2 m. the upper portion of a bed or couch on which the head rests Das3.;
refuge, recourse, the person or thing to which recourse is had for refuge; an awning
spread over a court or yard R. v, 11, 19.
apatya = Progeny
apathham.h = read
apathu * = mfn. not clever, awkward, uncouth; ineloqueut; sick, diseased L.

a-pattra * = mfn. leafless; ({A}) f. N. of a plant.

a-patnika * = mfn. not having a wife AitBr. KtyS'r.; where the wife is not present
KtyS'r.
apa-trap * = to be ashamed or bashful, turn away the face.
apa-tras * = (impf. 3. pl. {-atrasan}) to flee from in terror RV. x, 95, 8 MBh.
apa-trasta * = mfn. (ifc. or with abl.) afraid of, fleeing or retiring from in terror Pn. 2-1,
38.
a-pathin * = {-nthAs} m. absence of road Pn. 5-4, 72.
apaurusha* n. unmanliness; superhuman power; (mfn.), unmanly; superhuman. [57, 1]
apavarga = heaven, liberation: m. completion, end (e.g. {paJcA7pavarga}, coming to an
end in five days) KtyS'r. &c.; the emancipation of the soul from bodily existence,
exemption from further transmigration; final beatitude BhP. &c.; gift, donation s'vS'r.;
restriction (of a rule) Sus'r. S'ulb.
apavaada = exceptional
apaviddha* = mfn. pierced; thrown away, rejected, dismissed, removed.
apavighnaH = without obstacles
apayaa* = to go away, depart, retire from (abl.).; to fall off: Caus. %{-yApayati}, to carry

away by violence BhP.

apeksh * = ( %{IkS}), to look away, to look round AV. S3Br. ; to have some design ; to
have regard to, to respect ; to look for, wait for ; to expect, hope ; to require, have an eye
to Sa1h. ; with %{na}, not to like Katha1s.
apekshaa = (f) expectation, hope * = f. looking round or about, consideration of,
reference, regard to (in comp.; rarely loc.); dependence on, connection of cause with
effect or of individual with species; looking for, expectation, hope, need, requirement;
({ayA}) ind. with regard to (in comp.)
apeta* = *V bereft of *= mfn. escaped, departed, gone, having retired from, free from
(abl. or in comp.)
aphala = one without fruit
aphalaprepsunaa = by one without desire for fruitive result
aphalaakaankshibhiH = by those devoid of desire for result
apavad* = P. to revile, abuse TBr. &c.; to distract, divert, console by tales Pa1rGr2.
Ya1jn5.; (in Gr.) to except RPra1t.; (A1. only) to disown, deny, contradict Pa1n2. 1-3, 77
Sch.: Caus. %{-vAdayati}, to oppose as unadvisable; to revile; (in Gr.) to except RPra1t.
apavAda* = m. evil speaking, reviling, blaming, speaking ill of (gen.); denial, refutation,
contradiction; a special rule setting aside a general one, exception (opposed to %
{utsarga} Pa1n2. 3-1, 94 Sch.) RPra1t. Pa1n2. Sch.; order, command Kir.; a peculiar
noise made by hunters to entice deer S3is3. vi, 9.

api = also, * = Meaning is often used to express emphasis, in the sense of even, also, very;
e.g. {anyad api}, also another, something more; {adyA7pi}, this very day, even now;
{tathA7pi}, even thus, notwithstanding; {yady api}, even if, although; {yadyapi tathA7pi},
although, nevertheless; {na kadAcid api}, never at any time: sometimes in the sense of
but, only, at least e.g. {tam api}, only a moment.\\* = Meaning may be affixed to an
interrogative to make it indefinite, e.g. {ko 'pi}, any one; {kutrA7pi},
anywhere.\\Meaning imparts to numerals the notion of totality e.g. {caturNam api
varNAnAm}, of all the four castes.\\Meaning may be interrogative at the beginning of a
sentence.\\Meaning may strengthen the original force of the Potential, or may soften the
Imperative, like the English `" be pleased to "'; sometimes it is a mere
expletive.\\Meaning `" even then "', nevertheless, notwithstanding S'ak. (v.l.) Bhartri.
Prab. Sinha7s.
apidah *= %{-dahati} (impf. %{-adahat}) to touch with fire , to singe TS. Ka1t2h.
apidhA *= Ved. to place upon or into , put to , give ; chiefly Ved. to shut , close , cover ,
conceal (in later texts more usually %{pi-dhA} q.v.)
apiiDaa *= f. id. ; (%{ayA}) ind. not unwillingly.
apihita * = mfn. put to, placed into RV. ; shut, covered, concealed RV. &c. (cf. %{pihita})
a4pI * = Meaning 2 ( {i}), (Ved.) {a4py-eti}, to go in or near; to enter into or upon; to
come near, approach (also in copulation RV. ii, 43, 2 ind. p. {apI74tyA}); to partake,
have a share in; to join to pour out (as a river).

apiiDA* = f. id.; ({ayA}) ind. not unwillingly.

apohanaM = forgetfulness
apoha* = m. pushing away, removing; (in disputation) reasoning, arguing, denying.
apo7hana * = f. id.; \\ apohanIya* = mfn. to be taken away, or removed, or expiated.
apohana n. id.
apohaniiya * = mfn. to be taken away , or removed , or expiated.
apraaptat.h = uttained, obtained
apraapya = failing to attain
apraamaamaaNya = Unjustified
aprakaashaH = darkness
apramaaNa *= n. a rule which is no standard of action MBh. S3a1k. &c. ; (in discussion)
a statement of no importance or authority.
apramaaNavid *= mfn. incapable of weighing evidence BhP.
apramatta* = mfn. not careless, careful, attentive, vigilant S'Br. &c.
aprameya * = mfn. immeasurable, unlimited, unfathomable Mn. i, 3 and xii, 94, &c.;

not to be proved.
aprameyAnubhAva * = mfn. of unlimited might.
aprameyAtman* = m. `" of inscrutable spirit "'N. of S3iva.
apratigha * = mfn. ( %{han}), not to be kept off, not to be vanquished Mn. xii, 28, &c
apratimaprabhaava = O immeasurable power
apratishhThaM = without foundation
apratishhThaH = without any position
apratiikaaraM = without being resistant
apradaaya = without offering
aprakaas'a *= mf(%{A})n. not shining , dark ; not visible , hidden , secret Mn. ; not
manifest or evident ; (%{am}) ind. in secret Mn. viii , 351 ; m. indistinctness , darkness
Ragh. i , 68.
apramaaNa * =n. a rule which is no standard of action MBh. S'k. &c.; (in discussion) a
statement of no importance or authority.
apramatta* =m mfn. not careless, careful, attentive, vigilant S'Br. &c.
aprameya = the ununderstandable, inscrutable * =immeasurable, unlimited,

unfathomable Mn. i, 3 and xii, 94, &c.; not to be proved.

aprameyaM = immeasurable
aprameyasya = immeasurable
apraapya 1 mfn. unobtainable MBh. &c.; superl.// 2 ind. p. not having obtained; not
reaching.
apratarkya * = mfn. not to be discussed L.; incomprehensible by reason, undefinable
Mn. i, 5 & xii, 29 BhP. &c. [57,3]
aprati* = mfn. without opponents, irresistible RV. BhP.; (%{I}) n. irresistibly RV. vii, 83,
4 and 99, 5 AV.; (%{A4}) ind. see s.v. above. -1.
apravrittiH = inactivity
aprasan'ga *= m. (in Nya1ya phil.) want of connection with ; non-applicability
Ka1tyS3r.
aprithivyoH = to the earth
aprithak *= ind. not separately , with , together with , collectively.
apriyaM = the unpleasant
apriyaH = and the undesirable

apsaras* =m {As} [RV. AV.&c.], or {ap-sarA4} [AV. &c.], f. (fr. 2. {a4p} + {sR}), `"
going in the waters or between the waters of the clouds "', a class of female divinities
(sometimes called `" nymphs "'; they inhabit the sky, but often visit the earth; they are
the wives of the Gandharvas (q.v.) and have the faculty of changing their shapes at will;
they are fond of the water; one of their number, Rambh, is said to have been produced
at the churning of the ocean).
apsu = in water
apuNya = vice
apunaraavrittiM = to liberation
apUryamANam* - mfn. not getting full Ka1tyS3r.
apushhpa = one without flowers
apya* = (2, 3) mf({a4pyA}; once {a4pI} RV. vi, 67, 9)n. being in water, coming from
water, connected with water RV. (cf. 3. {A4pya}).
apya* = 1 mfn. to be reached, obtainable S'Br.; ({am}) n. confederation, alliance,
relationship, friendship RV. ii, 29, 3, &c.; a friend RV. vii, 15, 1; (for 2. {Apya} see p. 144,
col. 1.)
apyaya* = m. joint, juncture Kaus3. S3ulb. ; pouring out (of a river) PBr., entering into,
vanishing (the contrary of %{prabhava} or %{utpatti}) Up. &c. (cf. %{svA7pyaya4}.)
[56,1]

apyayau = disappearance
apyayana * = n. union, copulating L.
araatiivan * = mfn. hostile , inimical RV.
araatiya * = Nom. P. (Subj. %{-tsyA4t}) to be malevolent , have hostile intentions
against (dat.) AV. iv , 36 , 1.
araNyam.h = (n) jungle, forest
araNya* = n. (fr. 1. {a4raNa}; fr. {R} Un.), a foreign or distant land RV. i, 163, 11 and vi,
24, 10; a wilderness, desert, forest AV. VS. &c.; m. the tree also called Kathphala L.; N.
of a son of the Manu Raivata Hariv. 434; of a Sdhya ib. 11536; of a teacher (disciple of
Priithvidhara).
araNyaka*= n. a forest Yj. iii, 192, the plant Melia Sempervirens L.
arati *= 1 %{is} f. dissatisfaction , discontent , dulness , languor Buddh. Jain. &c. ;
anxiety , distress , regret MBh. BhP. &c. ; anger , passion L. ; a bilious disease L. ; (mfn.)
, discontented L.
arati *= 2 m. ( %{ri} cf. %{ara} , %{a4ram}) , `" moving quickly "' , a servant , assistant
, manager , administrator RV. (for RV. v , 2 , 1 see 2. %{aratni4})
aratiH = being without attachment

araagadveshhataH = without love or hatred

arbha*: little, small, unimportant; child, boy // ruins, rubbish, often ifc. in names of old
villages half or entirely gone to ruin
arbhaka = small
arbuda *= m. Ved. a serpent-like demon (conquered by Indra, a descendant of Kadru1
therefore called Ka1draveya S3Br. AitBr.; said to be the author of RV. x, 94 RAnukr.)
RV. &c.; (%{a4s}) m.id. RV.i, 51, 6 and x, 67, 12; (%{am}) n. N. of the above-named
hymn RV. x, 94 A1s3vS3r.; (%{as}, %{am}) m. n. a long round mass (said especially of
the shape of the foetus in the second half of the first month [Nir. xiv, 6] or in the second
month [Ya1jn5. iii, 75 and 89]); a swelling, tumour, polypus Sus3r. &c.; (%{a4rbuda}),
ri. (also m. L.) ten millions VS. xvii, 2, &c.; (%{as}),m.N. of a mountain in the west of
India (commonly called Abu1, a place of pilgrimage of the Jainas, and celebrated for its
Jaina temples); m. pl.N. of a people VarBr2S. BhP. &c.
arbudarogaH = (m) cancer
archati = (1 pp) to worship
archituM = to worship
arcita * = mfn. honoured, worshipped, respected, saluted MBh. Mn. &c.; offered with
reverence, Mn iv, 213 ({an-} neg.) & 235 Yj. i, 167
ardana * = mfn. moving restlessly Nir. vi, 3; ifc. ({janA7rdana}) disturbing, distressing,
tormenting R. BhP. &c.; annihilating, destroying BhP. (cf. {mahISA7rdana}); ({as}) m. a

N. of S'iva MBh. xiii, 1147; ({A}) f. request L.; ({am}) n. pain, trouble, excitement Sus'r.
ardani * = m. sickness, disease L.; asking, request L.; fire L.
ardha = half* = 1 m. Ved. side, part; place, region, country (cf. {a4py-ardham}, {abhyardha4}, {parA7rdha4}); [Lat. {ordo}; Germ. {ort}.] \\2 mfn. (m. pl. {ardhe} or
{ardhas} Pn. 1-1, 33) half. halved, forming a half [cf. Osset. {ardag}]; {ardha4}..
{ardha4} (or {ni4ma}.. {ardha4} RV. x, 27 "' 18), one part, the other part; ({a4s}, {a4m})
m. n. (ifc. f. {A}) the half. RV. vi, 30, 1, &c.; ({a4m}) n. `" one part of two "', with 1. {kR},
to give or leave to anybody (acc.) an equal share of (gen.) RV. ii, 30, 5 and vi, 44, 18; a
part, party RV. iv, 32, 1 and vii, 18, 16; ({e}) loc. ind. in the middle, Sk. ({ardha}) in
comp. with a subst. means `" the half part of anything "' [cf. Pn. 2-2, 2], with an adj. or
past Pass. p. [cf. Pn. 5-4, 5] `" half "'; also with an adj. indicating measure [cf. Pn. vii,
3, 26 and 27]; a peculiar kind of compound is formed with ordinals [cf. Pn. 1-1, 23
Comm.] e.g. {ardha-tRtIya}, containing a half for its third, i.e. two and a half; {ardhacaturtha}, having a half for its fourth, three and a half.)
ardhachandraasana = the half-moon posture
ardhanavaasana = the half-boat posture
ardhanaariinatheshvara = S'iva and his S'akti united as one
ardhanaariishvara = S'iva and his S'akti united as one
ardhanicholaH = (m) frock
ardhapadmaasana = the half-lotus posture

ardhamatsyendraasana = the half spinal-twist posture

ardana *= mfn. moving restlessly Nir. vi, 3; ifc. (%{janA7rdana}) disturbing,
distressing, tormenting R. BhP. &c.; annihilating, destroying BhP. (cf. %
{mahISA7rdana}); (%{as}) m. a N. of S3iva MBh. xiii, 1147; (%{A}) f. request L.; (%
{am}) n. pain, trouble, excitement Sus3r.
ardhashirshhaasana = the half headstand posture
ardhasarvaangaasana = the half-shoulderstand posture
ardhasalabhaasana = the half-locust posture
ardhoruka = (n) half-pant
ardhorukam.h = (n) half-pant, shortsarjana = obtaining
ardita * = asked, requested, begged L.; injured, pained, afflicted, tormented, wounded;
killed, destroyed ib.; ({am}) n. N. of a disease
argasiM = (f) pleasure
argha = value
arghya * = mfn. `" valuable "' see {an-arghya}, (g. {daNDA7di} q.v., `" {argham-arhati}
"') deserving a respectful reception (as a guest) PrGri. Yj. &c.; belonging to or used at
the respectful reception of a guest Gobh. Yj. &c.; ({am}) n. (Pn. 5-4, 25) water offered
at the respectful reception of a guest s'vGri. &c., (probably for {Arghya} q.v.) a kind of

honey L.
arha = deserving * = mf(%{A})n. meriting, deserving (praise or blame cf. %{pUjA7rha},
%{nindA7rha}), worthy of. having a claim or being entitled to (acc. or Inf. or in comp.);
being required, obliged, allowed (with Inf.); becoming, proper, fit (with gen. or ifc.)
Pan5cat.; worth (in money), costing R., (cf. %{satA7rha}, %{sahasrA7rha}), m. a N. of
Indra L., (%{a}) f. or (%{ANi}) n. pl. worship ChUp..
arhati = (1 pp) to deserve
arhaNa* = mfn. having a claim to, being entitled to (in comp.) BhP.; ({am}) n. deserving,
meriting Pn. 3-3, 111, worship, honour, treating any one (gen.) with respect Mn. iii, 54
BhP.; a present of honour MBh. i, 130 BhP.; ({A}) f. worship, honourN. Ragh. &c.,
({arha4Na}), Ved. instr. ind. according to what is due RV. i, 127, 6, x, 63, 4 and 92, 7.
arhasi = deserve
ari = enemies * = m. v.l. for {arin} below.
ari * =1 mfn. ( {R}), attached to faithful RV.; ({is}) m. a faithful or devoted or pious man
RV.\\=2 mfn. ( {rA}; = 1. {ari4}, assiduous, &c., Gnm.), not liberal, envious, hostile RV.
({i4s}) m. an enemy RV. MBh. &c.; ({a4ris}), m.id. AV. vii, 88, 1 and xiii, 1, 29, (in
astron.) a hostile planet VarBriS.; N. of the sixth astrological mansion ib. (in arithm.)the
number six (cf. {arAti}); a species of Khadira or Mimosa L.
arikta *= mfn. not empty Ka1tyS3r. BhP. ; not with empty hands S3a1n3khGr2. ;
abundant BhP. iv , 22 , 11.

arin * = %{i} n. `" having spokes "' , a wheel , discus BhP. Ra1matUp.
arin * = %{i} n. see %{ara}.
arinandana * = mfn. gratifying or affording triumph to an eneny Hit.
arinipaata * = m. invasion or incursion of enemies Hit.
arinuta * = mfn. praised even by enemies Bhat2t2.
aritaa * = f. or enmity
ari-bhaava = the sixth house in a Rashi or bhaava chart
arishhu = on enemies
arishtha* = mf({A}) n. unhurt RV. &c.; proof against injury or damage RV.; secure, safe
RV.; boding misfortune (as birds of ill omen, &c.), Adbh Br. Hariv.; fatal, disastrous (as
a house) R. ii, 42, 22; m. a heron L.; a crow L.; the soapberry tree, Sapindus Detergens
Roxb. (the fruits of which are used in washing Yj. i 186); cf. {arI STaka}; Azadirachta
Indica R. ii, 94, 9; garlic L.; a distilled mixture, a kind of liquor Sus'r.; N. of an Asura
(with the shape of an ox, son of Bali, slain by Kriishna or Vishnu) Hariv. BhP.; of a son of
Manu Vaivasvata VP. (v.l. for {deSTa}); ill-luck, misfortune (see {ariSTa} n.) MBh. xii,
6573, ({A}), f. a bandage Sus'r.; a medical plant L.; N. of Durg SkandaP.; N. of a
daughter of Daksha and one of the wives of Kas'yapa Hariv.; ({am}) n. bad or ill-luck.
misfortune; a natural phenomenon boding approaching death; good fortune, happiness
MBh. iv, 2126, buttermilk L.; vinous spirit L.; a womas apartment, the lying-in
chamber (cf. {ariSTagriha} and {-zayyA} below) L.

arishhthanemiH = the appelation to Garuda?

arisuudana = O killer of the enemies
arjanaM = the earning or acquiring or acqusition
arjuna * = mfn. (cf. {Rjra4} and {raj}) white, clear (the colour of the day RV. vi, 9, 1; of
the dawn RV. i, 49, 3; of the lightning; of the milk; of silver, &c.); made of silver AV. iv,
37, 4; m. the white colour "' L.; a peacock L.; cutaneous disease Sy. on RV. i, 122, 5; the
tree Terminalia Arjuna W. and A.; N. of a man RV. i, 122, 5; of Indra VS. S'Br., of the
third of the Pindava princes (who was a son of Kriitavrya who was slain by Paras'urma)
ib.; of a S'skya (known as a mathematician); of different other persons; the only son of
his mother L.; ({I}) f. a cow MBh. xiii, 3596; a kind of serpent, (voc. {a4ijuni}) "' AV. ii,
24, 7; a procuress, bawd L.; N. of Ush (wife of Aniruddha) L.; of the river Bhud or
Karatoys L.; ({-nyau}, or {-nyas}) f. du. or Pl.N. of the constellation Phalgun RV. x, 85,
13 S'Br.; ({am}) n. silver AV. v, 28, 5 and 9; gold L.; slight inflammation of the
conjunctiva or white of the eye Sus'r.; a particular grass (used as a substitute for the
Soma plant) PBr. &c.; (= {rUpa}) shape Naigh.; ({As}) m. pl. the descendants of Arjuna
Pn. 2-4, 66 Sch.
arjuna-anujam A*: emblem [as in 10.77: 11]
arjuna = a disciple of Krishna, hero of the Mahabharata
arjunaM = unto Arjuna
arjunaH = Arjuna

arjunayoH = and Arjuna

arka = essence, a name of Sun * = m. ( {arc}), Ved. a ray, flash of lightning RV. &c.; the
sun RV. &c.; (hence) the number, twelve "' Sryas.; Sunday; fire RV. ix, 50, 4 S'Br.
BrirUp.; crystal R. ii, 94, 6; membrum viriIe AV. vi, 72, 1; copper L.; the plant
Calotropis Gigantea (the larger leaves are used for sacrificial ceremonies; cf. {arka-kozI},
{-parNa4}, {palaza4}, &c. below) S'Br. &c., a religious ceremony S'Br. BrirUp. (cf.
{arkA7zvamedha} below); praise hymn, song (also said of the roaring of the Maruts and
of Indra's thunder) RV. and AV.; one who praises, a singer RV.; N. of Indra L.; a learned
man (cf. RV. viii, 63, 6) L. [89, 2]; an elder brother L.; N. of a physician BrahmaP. (cf.
{arka-cikitsA} below); ({as}, {am}) m. n. (with {agneH}, {indrasya}, {gautamasaH}, &c.)
N. of different Smans; food Naigh. and Nir. (cf. RV. vii, 9, 2).
arkadina *= n. a solar day.
arNava *= mfn. agitated, foaming, restless RV. VS. AV. ; (%{a4s}) m. a wave, flood RV.
; the foaming sea RV. VS. ; the ocean of air (sometimes personified as a demon with the
epithet %{mahA4n} or %{ta@nayitnu4s}) RV. AV. ; (%{as}, rarely %{am} [MBh. xiii,
7362]) m. n. the sea ; (hence) the number, `" four "' Su1ryas. ; N. of two metres (cf. %
{a4rNa}, m.)N. of wk. on jurisprudence.
arogita = diseaselessness
arpaNa = Offer * = mf(%{I})n. procuring MBh. xiii, 1007 ; consigning, entrusting ; (%
{a4rpaNa}) n. inserting, fixing R. ; piercing AV. xii, 3, 22 ; placing in or upon Ragh. ii, 35
; offering, delivering, consigning, entrusting of (gen. or in comp.) ; giving back Hit.

arpaNaM = contribution
arpita = surrendering * = [eight times in RV.; cf. Pn. 6-1, 209 seq.] or\\* = [RV. i, 164,
48, &c.] mfn. inserted, fixed RV. VS. &c.; fixed upon (as the eyes or the mind); thrown,
cast into (loc.; said of an arrow) Ragh. viii, 87; placed in or upon Ragh. ix, 78, &c.; (said
of a document or of a sketch) transferred to (a plate or portrait i.e., `" engraved "' or,
painted "') Ragh. xvii, 79 S'k. Kum. iii, 42; offered, delivered, entrusted Yj. ii, 164,
&c.; given back Ragh. xix, 10, &c.
artha = money *= {as}, {am} m. n. [in RV. i-ix only n. [90, 3]; in RV. x six times n. and
thrice m.; in later Sanskriit only m.] aim, purpose (very often {artham}, {arthena},
{arthAya}, and {arthe} ifc. or with gen., for the sake of. on account of. in behalf of. for "');
cause, motive, reason Mn. ii, 213, &c.; advantage, use, utility (generally named with
kma and dharma see {tri-varga}; used in wishing well to another dat. or gen. Pn. 2-3,
73); thing, object (said of the membrum virile S'Br. xiv); object of the senses VarBriS.;
(hence) the number, five "', Seiryas.; substance, wealth, property, opulence, money;
(hence in astron.) N. of the second mansion, the mansion of wealth (cf, {dhana})
VarBriS.; personified as the son of Dharma arid Buddhi BhP.; affair, concern (Ved. often
acc. a4rtham with {i}, or gam, to go to one's business, take up one's work RV. &c.); (in
law) lawsuit, action; having to do with (instr.), wanting, needing anything (instr.), SBr,
&c.; {sense}, meaning, notion (cf. {artha-zabdau} and {arthAt} s.v. below and
{vedatattvA7rtha-vid}); manner, kind L., prohibition, prevention L.; price (for {argha}
q.v.) L.; ({At}) abl. ind. see s.v. below; ({e}) loc. ind. with 1. {kR} (g. {sakSAd-Adi} q.v.)
// n. m. aim, purpose, meaning, sense, object, profit, advantage of (instr.), wealth,
property, money, thing, matter, business, cause, suit, action; o. --- adj. having a thing for
object, for the sake of, on account of, for; acc., instr., dat. & loc. the same adv.

arthaM = wealth
arthaH = is meant
arthakrit *= mfn. causing profit, useful.
arthakrita *= mfn. made for a special purpose Jaim. ; made only with regard to utility,
interested (as friendship) BhP. ; caused by the sense of a word (opposed to %{zabda-k-}
and %{desa-k}) Comm. on VPra1t.
arthakritya *= n. [R.] or [Megh.] settling a matter or affair.
arthakrityaa *= f. [Megh.] settling a matter or affair.
arthan.h = and economic development
arthanaipuNa = (n) efficient in polity
arthapraaptirbhavati = wealth-attainment becomes
arthayate = (10 pp) to request
arthavaan.h = one with money
arthasya = (masc.poss.sing.) wealth or meaning
arthaarthii = one who desires material gain

arthe = in meaning
arthin * = mfn. active, industrious RV.; (cf %{arthe74t} above); one who wants or desires
anything (instr. or in comp.; cf. %{putrA7rthin}, %{balA7rthin}); supplicating or
entreating any one (gen.); longing for, libidinous R. i, 48, 18; (%{I}) m. one who asks for
a girl in marriage, a wooer Ya1jn5. i, 60 Katha1s.; a beggar, petitioner, suitor Mn. xi, 1,
&c.; one who supplicates with prayers VarBr2S.; a plaintiff, prosecutor Mn. viii, 62 and
79 Ya1jn5. ii, 6; a servant L.; a follower, companion L.
arthinah*A = person in need, person asking for something
arthiyaM = meant
arthopaarjanaaya = for earning maney
aruNi * = see also aaruni; m. N. of a Muni BhP. (cf. {AruNi}).
aru* = m. the sun L.; the redblossomed Khadira tree L.; for {arus} n. only in comp. with
{-M-tuda} mf({A})n. (Pn. 3-2, 35 and vi, 3, 67) `" beating or hurting a wound "',
causing torments, painful Mn. ii, 161, &c.
aruupaka * = mfn. shapeless, immaterial MBh. iii, 12984; (in rhetoric) without figure or
metaphor, literal.
arvaaciina * = or mf(%{A4})n. turned towards, favouring RV. \\mf(%{A4})n. turned
towards, favouring RV. ; turned towards (in a hostile manner) RV., vi, 25, 3 ; (with abl.)
being on this side or below S3Br. ; belonging to a proximate time, posterior, recent ; (for
%{avAsIna}) reverse, contrary L. ; (%{ar@vA4cenam}) ind. (with abl.) `" on this side of

"', thence forward, thence onward S3Br. ; less than (abl.) ib.
arvaaktana * = mf(%{A}) n. being on this side of, not reaching up to BhP.
aryamaa = Aryama
arya* = 1 (2, once 3 RV. iv, 1, 7) mfn. ( %{R}) kind, favourable RV.; attached to, true,
devoted, dear RV.; excellent L.; (%{a4s}) m. a master, lord Naigh. Pa1n2. 3-1, 103 (cf. 3.
%{a4rya}.)\\mf(%{A})n. ( = 1. %{arya4}) kind, favourable RV. i, 123, 1.\\ 3 m. (= 1. %
{aiya4}) `" master, lord "', a Vais3ya VS. &c. Pa1n2. 3-1, 103 (a1) f. a woman of the third
caste, the wife of a Vais3ya VS. &c. Pa1n2. 4-1, 49 Comm., (%{I}) f. the wife of any
particular Vais3ya Pa1n2. 4-1, 49 Siddh. (cf. %{aryANI}.)
asaadhu * = mfn. (Pa1n2. 6-2, 160) not good, wicked, bad S3Br. MBh. &c.; wrong
Comm. on TPra1t.; (%{u4s}) m. not an honest man, a wicked man S3Br. Mn. &c.; (%
{u4}) n. anything bad, evil S3Br. (%{sAdhvasAdhu4nI}, `" good and evil "') MBh. &c.;
disfavour, disgrace, only %{-u4nA} instr. ind. disfavourably S3Br. ii ChUp. (cf. 3. %{asAman}); (%{u}) ind. (used as an interjection of disapproval) bad! shame! Ra1jat. &c.
asaadhya * = mfn. not to be effected or completed , not proper or able to be
accomplished Ya1jn5. ii , 196 Hariv. &c. ; incurable , irremediable MBh. iv , 395 Sus3r.
&c. ; not to be overpowered or mastered Pan5cat. Ka1m. ; not susceptible of proof
Comm. on Ya1jn5. ii , 6.
asaaraM = worthless/without essence
asaavaadityaH = asau and AdityaH: this(person) and Sun

asa*= not he
asadrishhii = unfit
asahya* = mf({A})n. unbearable, insufferable, insuperable SV. MBh.; impracticable,
impossible MBh. iii, 12255 seq.; with {draSTum}, `" impossible to be seen "' i.e. invisible
Up.
asaadhu * = mfn. (Pn. 6-2, 160) not good, wicked, bad S'Br. MBh. &c.; wrong Comm.
on TPrt.; ({u4s}) m. not an honest man, a wicked man S'Br. Mn. &c.; ({u4}) n. anything
bad, evil S'Br. ({sAdhvasAdhu4nI}, `" good and evil "') MBh. &c.; disfavour, disgrace,
only {-u4nA} instr. ind. disfavourably S'Br. ii ChUp. (cf. 3. {a-sAman}); ({u}) ind. (used
as an interjection of disapproval) bad! shame! Rjat. &c.
asadbhAva * = m. non-existence, absence Veda1ntas. &c.; an evil temperament or
disposition L.
asakta = unattached\\* = mfn. not stopped or intercepted by os at (loc.; said of arrows
and of a sword) MBh. iii, 1602; xiv, 2189; (in the same sense {a-saGga} Ragh. iii, 63);
free from ties, independent, Snkhyak.; detached from worldly feelings or passions,
unattached or indifferent to (loc.) Mn. ii, 13 Ragh. &c.; ({am}) ind. without obstacle or
resistance Hariv. 9741 R. iii, 75, 6; uninterruptedly Kir. iv, 31 Km.; immediately, at
once Das'.
asaktaM = without attraction
asaktaH = without attachment

asaktabuddhiH = having unattached intelligence

asaktaatmaa = one who is not attached
asaktiH = being without attachment
asamarthaH = unable
asameta * = mfn. `" not arrived, absent "', missing Ragh. ix, 70.
asaMbhava * = m. `" non-existence "', destruction VS. xl, 10; non-happening, cessation,
interruption Mn. xi, 27; absence of. want Mn. MBh. &c.; impropriety, inconsistence,
impossibility KtyS'r. Mn. &c.; (mfn.) `" non-happening "', inconsistent, impossible.
asaMgata *= mfn. (Pa1n2. 5-1 , 121) ununited , unassociated with BhP. ; uneven ,
unequal Pan5cat. (Hit) ; unpreferred , disesteemed L. ; unbecoming , unpolished , rude
asaMgati *= f. `" incongruity , improbability "'N. of a rhetorical figure Sa1h. Kpr. &c. ;
non-association with MBh. xii.
asampraGYaata = unconscious samadhi
asammuuDhaH = undeluded
asammuuDhaaH = unbewildered
asammohaH = freedom from doubt

asaMskrita* = mfn. not prepared S'nkhGri.; not consecrated Mn. Yj.; unadorned
Pacat.; unpolished, rude (as speech).
asaMskRtAlakin* = mfn. having unadorned curls Kd.
asa.nnyasta = without giving up
asa.nyataa = unbridled
asa.nshayaM = undoubtedly
asa.nshayaH = beyond a doubt
asankhyaH = (m) countless
asangashastreNa = by the weapon of detachment
asapatnaM = without rival
asat * = mf({a4-satI})n. [in RV. seven times {a4sat} and five times {A4sat} with
lengthening of the accentuated vowel] not being, not existing, unreal RV. vii, 134, 8 AV.
Up. Kum. iv, 12; untrue, wrong RV.; bad S'Br. Mn. &c.; ({n}) m. Indra L.; ({tI}) f. see s.v.
below; ({t}) n. non-existence, nonentity RV. AV. &c.; untruth, falsehood RV. vii, 104, 8;
evil Ragh. i, 10; ({ntas}) m. pl. bad or contemptible men MBh. &c.
asat.h = matter
asatkaara* = m. doing injury, offence MBh. i, 6355.

asatkaarya* = n. bad or illicit occupation Mn. xii, 32; ({asatkArya}) {-vAdin} m. one who
(like a Naiyyika) holds that an effect is nonexistent in its cause before production.
asatkrita* = mfn. badly treated MBh. iii, 2755 and 2918; ({am}) n. offence ib. 2981. - 1.
asatpatha* = m. a bad road L.; (mfn.) not being on the right path BhP.
asat* = mf({a4-satI})n. [in RV. seven times {a4sat} and five times {A4sat} with
lengthening of the accentuated vowel] not being, not existing, unreal RV. vii, 134, 8 AV.
Up. Kum. iv, 12; untrue, wrong RV.; bad S'Br. Mn. &c.; ({n}) m. Indra L.; ({tI}) f. see s.v.
below; ({t}) n. non-existence, nonentity RV. AV. &c.; untruth, falsehood RV. vii, 104, 8;
evil Ragh. i, 10; ({ntas}) m. pl. bad or contemptible men MBh. &c.
asatkritya* = ind. p. not taking notice of (acc.) MBh. xiii, 2766. - 2.
asatkritya* = mfn. one who does evil actions L.
asatyasannibha * = mfn. improbable, unlikely L.
asau = him (from adas.h)
asaumya = (adj) unpleasant
asataH = of the nonexistent
asatkrita* = mfn. badly treated MBh. iii, 2755 and 2918; ({am}) n. offence ib. 2981. - 1.
asattaa* = f. non-existence L. - 1.

asatii* = f. an unfaithful or unchaste wife MBh. R. &c.

asatya* = mfn. untrue, false, lying. RV. iv, 5, 5 MBh. &c.; ({am}) n. untruth, falsehood
Mn. &c.
asatkritaM = without respect
asatkritaH = dishonored
asattva * = n. id. NriisUp.; non-presence, absence Nyyam \\2 mfn. strengthless,
without energy
asatyaM = unreal
asevita mfn. neglected, unattended to; abstained from.
ashaantasya = of the unpeaceful
ashaashvataM = temporary
ashaastra = not in the scriptures
asha.nka = undaunted
ashakta = weak
ashaktaH = unable

as'akta *= mfn. unable , incompetent (with Inf. or loc. or dat.) Mn. MBh. &c.
ashanam.h = (n) food
ashamaH = uncontrollable
ashayaat.h = from their source
ashastraM = without being fully equipped
ashatara* n= mfn. (compar. fr., `" {aSa} "' fr. 1. {az}?) more acceptable RV. i, 173, 4.
as'aaya: * to reach
as'esha* = mf(%{A})n. without remainder, entire, perfect, all; m. non-remainder
Ka1tyS3r.; (%{am}) ind. entirely, wholly Kum. v, 82; (%{eNa}) ind. id. MBh. &c.
ash.h = to obtain, accomplish
ashishhya = unteachable (adj)
as'ishya * = mfn. not to be taught (as a person), not deserving to, or not capable of being
instructed MBh. v, 1009 Pacat.; (a thing) that need not be taught or which it is
unnecessary to teach Pn. 1-2, 53.
as'izu * = mf({a4-zizvi}, but according to Pn. 4-1, 62, also Ved. {a-zizu})n. childless,
without young ones RV. i, 120, 8 and iii, 55, 6.

as'ishthataa * = f. or rudeness
as'ishthatva * = n. rudeness
ashishhyaaya = non-disciple i.e.non-believer
as'eshha = total, mf({A})n. without remainder, entire, perfect, all; m. non-remainder
KtyS'r.; ({am}) ind. entirely, wholly Kum. v, 82; ({eNa}) ind. id. MBh. &c.
asheshhataH = completely
asheshhaaNi = all1
as'esha *= mf(%{A})n. without remainder , entire , perfect , all ; m. non-remainder
Ka1tyS3r. ; (%{am}) ind. entirely , wholly Kum. v , 82 ; (%{eNa}) ind. id. MBh. &c
asheshheNa = in detail
ashochyaan.h = not worthy of lamentation
ashoshhyaH = not able to be dried
as'ubha = and inauspicious * =azubha = mfn. not beautiful or agreeable, disagreeable;
inauspicious Vet.; bad, vicious (as thought or speech) MBh. i, 3077 seq. &c.; m. N. of a
lexicographer; ({a4-zubha}) n. a shameful deed, sin S'Br. ii Bhag. &c.; misfortune,
harm, mischief. Sus'r. VarBriS. &c.
ashubhaat.h = from ill fortune

ashubhaan.h = inauspicious
ashuchi = to the unclean
ashuchiH = unclean
ashuchau = unclean
as'ubha = evil *= mfn. not beautiful or agreeable, disagreeable ; inauspicious Vet. ; bad,
vicious (as thought or speech) MBh. i, 3077 seq. &c. ; m. N. of a lexicographer ; (%{a4zubha}) n. a shameful deed, sin S3Br. ii Bhag. &c. ; misfortune, harm, mischief. Sus3r.
VarBr2S. &c.
ashushruushhave = to one who is not engaged in devotional service
ashaaDha * (or in RV. {a4-SAlha}) mfn. not to be overcome, invincible RV. VS.; born
under the Nakshatra Ashdh Pn. 4-3, 34; m. the month (generally called) shdha L.;
a staff made of Pals'a wood (carried by the student during the performance of certain
vows) L.; N. of a teacher Kthh. S'Br. i (cf. {ASADhi}); ({A}) f. N. of a brick (used for the
sacrificial altar) S'Br.; ({A4 or A4s}) f. sg. or pl.N. of two lunar mansions (distinguished
as {pinvA and uttara}, `" the former "' and the latter "', and reckoned either as the
eighteenth and nineteenth [TBr.] or as the twentieth and twenty-first [VP.&c.]) AV. xix,
7, 4, &c. [116, 2]
aashaaDha * m. (fr. {a-SADhA})N. of a month (corresponding to part of June and July)
in which the full moon is near the constellation Ashdh Sus'r. VarBriS. Megh. Kaths.
&c.; a staff of the wood of the Pals'a (carried by an ascetic during certain religious
observances in the month shdha) Pn. 5-1, 110 Kum. &c.; N. of a prince MBh.; the

Malaya mountain L.; a festival (of Indra) p. i, 11, 20; ({A}) f. (for {a-SADhA} q.v.) the
twenty-first and twenty-second lunar mansions (commonly compounded with {pUrva}
and {uttara}) L.; ({I}) f. the day of full moon in the month shdha KtyS'r. Vait.; (mfn.)
belonging to the month shdha VarBriS.
as'maka *= m. (g. %{RzyA7di} q.v.) N. of a son of Vasisht2ha and Madayanti MBh. VP. ;
(%{As}) , m.pl.N. of a warrior tribe Pa1n2. 4-s , 173 R. &c. (cf. %{avanty-azmakAs}) ; (%
{I}) f. N. of several women Hariv. &c.
ashnataH = of one who eats
ashnan.h = eating
ashnanti = enjoy
ashnaami = accept
ashnaasi = you eat
ashnute = achieves
ashma = stone
as'man *= 2 %{A} m. (once %{azma4n} S3Br. iii) , a stone , rock RV. &c. ; a precious
stone RV. v , 47 , 3 S3Br. vi ; any instrument made of stone (as a hammer &c.) RV. &c. ;
thunderbolt RV. &c. ; a cloud Naigh. ; the firmament RV. v , 30 , 8 ; 56 , 4 ; vii , 88 , 2
[cf. Zd. {asman} ; Pers. {as2ma1n} ; Lith. {akmu} ; Slav. {kamy}].

ashman.h = (masc) stone

ashraddadhaanaH = without faith in revealed scriptures
ashraddadhaanaaH = those who are faithless
ashraddhayaa = without faith
ashraushhaM = have heard
ashruupuurNaakula = full of tears
as'ru = (n) tears * = n. ({us} m. only once S'Br. vi and once R.) a tear RV. x, 95, 12 and 13
AV. &c. with {muc}, or {kR} [MBh. xii, 12491] or {vRt}, Caus. [R.] to shed tears
[supposed to stand for {dazru} fr. {daMz}: cf. Gk. $; Lat. {lacryma} for {dacryma};
&35742[114, 3] Goth. {tagrs}; Eng. {tear}; Mod. Germ. {Zhre}].
ashlaaghya = adj. virtueless
ashva = a horse
ashvatthaM = a banyan tree
ashvatthaH = the banyan tree
ashvatthaamaa = Asvatthama
ashvamedha = a form of sacrifice where a horse is sent around to estiblish supremacy

ashvaanaaM = among horses

aas'vaasita * mfn. encouraged, animated, comforted, consoled Das'. BhP. Pacat. &c.
//reanimated, revived, refreshed &c. MBh. R
aas'vaasa * m. breathing again or freely, taking breath; recovery Sus'r.; cheering up,
consolation; relying on Kaths.; a chapter or section of a book Sh.
ashvini = a mudraa, contraction of the anal sphincter muscles
ashvinau = the two Asvinis
as'obhanam *V = lack of brilliance, against the etquette (see s'obha)
ashtha* = 1 mfn. ( {akS}; cf. {nir-akS}) `" marked, branded "', only in comp. with 1.\\2
fr. 1. {az}. see {a4-samaSTa-k-}. \\=3 (in comp. for {aSTan}).\\^ (in comp for {aSTan})
mfn.\\ =4 or with the final {A8} blended in comp.
ashthau = (adj) eight
ashthadalakamalabandha = eight-petalled lotus pattern, a form of bandha poetry
ashthadhaa = eightfold
ashthaadasha = eighteen
ashthaavakra = name of a deformed(at eight places) sage

ashthottarii-dashaa = A lunar based Dasha system uses 108 yr cycle and one chooses it
according to certain criteria
ashhtakavarga = A predictive method of Astrology that uses a system of points based
upon planetary positions
asi = you are * = m. (2. %{as}), a sword, scimitar, knife (used for killing animals) RV.
AV. &c.; (%{is}) f. N. of a river (near Benar2es) Va1mP. (cf. %{asI}); [Lat. {ensi-s}.]
asii * = f. (= %{asi} f. q.v.) N. of a river (near Benares) MBh. vi, 338.
as'ubha* = mfn. not beautiful or agreeable, disagreeable; inauspicious Vet.; bad, vicious
(as thought or speech) MBh. i, 3077 seq. &c.; m. N. of a lexicographer; ({a4-zubha}) n. a
shameful deed, sin S'Br. ii Bhag. &c.; misfortune, harm, mischief. Sus'r. VarBriS. &c.
as'itra *= {am}, u. food Kthh. (cf. {prA7zitra4}.)
as'ika *=v.l. for {asika} q.v.
a-s'iras *=mfn. headless Mn. ix, 237.
a4-s'iva *=mf({A}) n. unkind, envious, pernicious, dangerous RV. AV. MBh. &c.; m. N.
of a demon causing disease Hariv. 9560; ({am}) n. ill-luck RV. i, 116, 24; x, 23, 5 MBh.
&c.
a4-s'is'u *=mf({a4-zizvi}, but according to Pn. 4-1, 62, also Ved. {a-zizu})n. childless,
without young ones RV. i, 120, 8 and iii, 55, 6.

a-s'iSya *=mfn. not to be taught (as a person), not deserving to, or not capable of being
instructed MBh. v, 1009 Pacat.; (a thing) that need not be taught or which it is
unnecessary to teach Pn. 1-2, 53.
as'iiti *=f. eighty RV. ii, 18, 6 AV. &c.
a-s'iirNa *=mfn. unimpaired L.
as'masaara *= m. n. iron Sus3r. ; m. sapphire L. ; (%{azmasAra}) %{-maya} mfn.
made of iron MBh. ii , 1836 R. iv , 22 , 15.
as'sha V: desires, wishes, blessings, hopes, benedictions
asitaH = Asita
asita * = mfn. unbound TS. vii S'Br. xiv. \\ 2 mf({A}; Ved. {a4siknI})n. ({sita}, `" white
"', appears to have been formed from this word, which is probably original, and not a
compound of {a} and {sita}; cf. {asura} and {sura}), dark-coloured, black RV. &c.; m.
the planet Saturn VarBriS.; a poisonous animal (said to be a kind of mouse) L.; N. of the
lord of darkness and magic AV. S'Br. s'vS'r.; of a descendant of Kas'yapa (composer of
RV. ix, 5-24), named also Devala [RAnukr.] or Asita Devala [MBh. Hariv.]; N. of a man
(with the patron. Vrshagana) S'Br. xiv; of a son of Bharata R.; of a Riishi Buddh.; of a
mountain MBh. iii, 8364 Kaths.; ({a4s}) m. a black snake AV.; a Mantra (saving from
snakes) MBh. i, 2188; ({A}) f. a girl attending in the womes apartments (whose hair is
not whitened by age) L.; the indigo plant L.; N. of an Apsaras MBh. i, 4819 Hariv. 12472;
({a4siknI}) f. `" the dark one "', the night RV. iv, 17, 15; x, 3, 1; a girl attending in the
womes apartments L.; N. of a wife of Daksha Hariv.; N. of the river Akesines

(afterwards called Candra-bhg) in the Pajb RV. viii, 20, 25 and ({asiknI4}) x, 75, 5.
asid.hdhyoH = and failure
asiddhau = failure
asma *= (fr. %{a-sma}), a pronom. base from which some forms (dat. %{a4smai}, or %
{asmai4} abl. %{asimA4t} loc. %{asmin}) of %{ida4m} (q.v.) are formed; also the base
of the first person pl. acc. %{asmA4n} [= $], instr. %{asmA4bhis} dat. %{asma4bhyam}
abl. %{asma4t}, in later, language also %{asmat-tas} [MBh. &c.] gen. %{asmA4kam}
[exceptionlly %{asmA4ka} RV. i, 173, 10 AV.] loc. %{asmA4su}; dat. loc. %{asme4}
(only RV. AV. VS.)
asmad.h = I, me
asmadiiyaiH = our
asmaakaM = us
asmaat.h = these
asmaan.h = us
asmaabhiH = by us
asmi = (v) I am* = `" I am "', 1. {as} q.v.
asmitaa* = f. egoism Yogas. Comm. on S'is'. iv, 55, &c.

asmimaana* = m. self-conceit L.
asmitaa = egotism, self righteousness
asmin.h = in this
asmindvaye = in this pair
asparshana = not touching
asphutha * = mf({A})n. indistinct BhP. Kaths. &c.; not quite correct, approximate (as a
number) Sryas.; ({am}) n. (in rhetoric) indistinct speech.
a-sphutha-phala * = n. approximate result (as the gross area of a triangle &c.)
asphuthaa7laMkaara * = m. an indistinct embellishment of speech Sh.
asrij = (neut) blood
asrij * = {k}, (once {d} TS. vii) n. (m. or f. only Hariv. 9296) blood RV. i, 164, 4 AV. &c.
[for the weak cases see {asa4n}; besides, in later language, forms like instr. {asRjA} (R.
iii, 8, 4) and gen. {asRjas} (Sus'r.) are found]; saffron L.; ({k}) m. the planet Mars; a
kind of religious abstraction L.
asrikkara* = m. `" forming blood "', lymph, chyle L.
asrishhTaannaM = without distribution of prasaadam

as'ruta * = mfn. unheard S3Br. xiv, &c.; not heard from the teacher, not taught Jaim.;
(hence) contrary to the Vedas L.; untaught, not learned MBh. v, 1000 and 1369; m. N. of
a son of Kr2ishn2a, Kr2ishn2s Hariv. 6190; of a son of Dyutimat VP.; (%{A}) f. N. of the
wife of An3giras Katha1s.
asta = fall (set)1 mfn. (perf. Pass. p. 2. {as}), thrown, cast Ragh. xii, 91; ({a4n-} neg.)
S'Br. iii; (only in comp.) thrown off, left off, set aside, given up (as grief. anger, a vow,
&c.) VP. Kaths. &c.; ({A4}) f. a missile, an arrow AV. \\ = 2 n. home RV. AV. S'Br.; m.
setting (as of the sun or of luminaries) VarBriS. Sryas.; `" end, death "' see {astasamaya} below; the western mountain (behind which the sun is supposed to set) MBh. R.
&c.; (in astron.) the seventh lunar mansion VarBri.; ({a4stam}) ind. at home, home RV.
&c., especially used with verbs e.g. {a4stam-i} [{a4stam e4ti}; pr. p. {astaM-ya4t} AV.
S'Br.; fut. p. {astam-eSya4t} AV.; perf. p. {a4stamita} see below s.v.] or {a4staM-gam}
[{a4stam ga4cchati} AV. &c.; perf. p. {astaM-gata} MBh. &c., once in reversed order
{gata astaM} R. i, 33, 21] or {astaM-yA} [pr. p. {-yAt} Mn. iv, 37] to go down, set RV. AV.
&c.; {astam-i}, {astaM-gam} (also Caus. see {astaM-gamita} below), or {prA7p}
[Kaths.], to go to one's eternal home, cease, vanish, perish, die S'Br. xiv MBh. &c.;
{astaM-nI} [{-nayati}], to lead to setting, cause to set MBh. iii, i 7330; ({a4stA}) ind. v.l.
for {a4stam} SV. [122, 2]
a4sta* =2 n. home RV. AV. S'Br.; m. setting (as of the sun or of luminaries) VarBriS.
Sryas.; `" end, death "' see {asta-samaya} below; the western mountain (behind which
the sun is supposed to set) MBh. R. &c.; (in astron.) the seventh lunar mansion VarBri.;
({a4stam}) ind. at home, home RV. &c., especially used with verbs e.g. {a4stam-i}
[{a4stam e4ti}; pr. p. {astaM-ya4t} AV. S'Br.; fut. p. {astam-eSya4t} AV.; perf. p.
{a4stamita} see below s.v.] or {a4staM-gam} [{a4stam ga4cchati} AV. &c.; perf. p.
{astaM-gata} MBh. &c., once in reversed order {gata astaM} R. i, 33, 21] or {astaM-yA}

[pr. p. {-yAt} Mn. iv, 37] to go down, set RV. AV. &c.; {astam-i}, {astaM-gam} (also
Caus. see {astaM-gamita} below), or {prA7p} [Kaths.], to go to one's eternal home,
cease, vanish, perish, die S'Br. xiv MBh. &c.; {astaM-nI} [{-nayati}], to lead to setting,
cause to set MBh. iii, i 7330; ({a4stA}) ind. v.l. for {a4stam} SV. [122, 2]
asthA* =with the final {A8} blended in comp.
astaM = destroyed, vanquished
astamavelaa = (fem) evening twilight
asti = (v) he is
astu = there should be* (3. sg. Imper.), let it be, be it so; there must be or should be
(implying an order)
asteya* = n. not stealing Mn. Yj. &c.
astra = Weapon
asthi = Bone
asthipaJNjaram.h = (n) skeleton
asthiraM = unsteady
asu *= m. (1. %{as}) , Ved. breath , life RV. AV. &c. ; life of the spiritual world or
departed spirits RV. x , 15 , 1 ; (in astron.) `" respiration "' , = four seconds of sidereal

time or one minute of arc Su1ryas. ; = %{prajJA} Naigh. ; (in later language only %
{a4savas}) m. pl. the vital breaths or airs of the body , animal life AV. Mn. iii , 217 , &c. ;
(%{asu}) n. grief L. ; (= %{citta}) the spirit L.
asuu *= mfn. (3. %{sU}) , not bringing forth , barren RV. and AV. (acc. f. %{a-sva4m})
VS. (acc. f. %{asU4m}). [121,3]
asvastha *= mf(%{A})n. not in good health , sick , feeling uneasy Mn. vii , 226 MBh. &c.
; not being firm in itself. MBh. xii , 276 (Hit.) ; (%{asvastha})%{-tA} f. illness , Ratna1v.
(Pra1kr2it {assatthadA}) ; %{-zarIra} mfn. ill Ka1d.
asvatantra * = not self-willed, dependant, subject Mn. ix, 2 Gaut. BhP.; ({asvatantra}) {tA} f. the not being master of one's feelings or passions Kd.
asya = of it
asyati = (4 pp) to throw
asyaaM = in this
asvargyaM = which does not lead to higher planets
assi = (v) you (sing) are
as'ubha* = mfn. not beautiful or agreeable, disagreeable; inauspicious Vet.; bad, vicious
(as thought or speech) MBh. i, 3077 seq. &c.; m. N. of a lexicographer; ({a4-zubha}) n. a
shameful deed, sin S'Br. ii Bhag. &c.; misfortune, harm, mischief. Sus'r. VarBriS. &

asU * = not bringing forth, barren

asu * = m. (1. {as}), Ved. breath, life RV. AV. &c.; life of the spiritual world or departed
spirits RV. x, 15, 1; (in astron.) `" respiration "', = four seconds of sidereal time or one
minute of arc Sryas.; = {prajJA} Naigh.; (in later language only {a4savas}) m. pl. the
vital breaths or airs of the body, animal life AV. Mn. iii, 217, &c.; ({asu}) n. grief L.; (=
{citta}) the spirit L.
asu: * Ved. breath, life RV. AV. &c.; life of the spiritual world or departed spirits RV. x,
15, 1; (in astron.) `" respiration "', = four seconds of sidereal time or one minute of arc
Sryas.; = {prajJA} Naigh.; (in later language only {a4savas}) m. pl. the vital breaths or
airs of the body, animal life AV. Mn. iii, 217, &c.; ({asu}) n. grief L.; (= {citta}) the spirit
L.
asukhaM = full of miseries
asura = devil* =mfn. (2. {as} Un.), spiritual, incorporeal, divine RV. AV. VS.; m. a spirit,
good spirit, supreme spirit (said of Varuna) RV. VS.; the chief of the evil spirits RV. ii,
30, 4 and vii, 99, 5; an evil spirit, demon, ghost, opponent of the gods RV. viii, 96, 9; x
AV. &c. [these Asuras are often regarded as the children of Diti by Kas'yapa see {Daitya};
as such they are demons of the first order in perpetual hostility with the gods, and must
not be confounded with the Rkshasas or imps who animate dead bodies and disturb
sacrifices]; a N. of Rhu VarBriS. &c.; the sun L.; a cloud Naigh. (cf. RV. v, 83, 6); ({As})
m. pl.N. of a warrior-tribe, (g. {parzv-Adi}, q.v.); of a Vedic school; ({A}) f. night L.; a
zodiacal sign L.; ({I}) f. a female demon, the wife of an Asura, KaushBr. (cf. {AsurI} and
{mahA7surI}); the plant Sinapis Ramosa Roxb. L. [In later Sanskriit {sura} has been
formed from {asura}, as {sita} from {asita} q.v.]

asUra * =`" absence of sunlight "', only ({e4}) loc. ind. in the night RV. viii, 10, 4.
asuraaNaaM = of demons
asuraan.h = demons
asuu = to hate, be jealous
asuun.h = life
a-suu4 * = mfn. (3. {sU}), not bringing forth, barren RV. and AV. (acc. f. {a-sva4m}) VS.
(acc. f. {asU4m}). [121, 3]
asuuya = jealousy *1 Nom. P. %{-yati} , rarely A1. %{-yate} (pr. p. %{-ya4t} RV. x , 135 ,
2 S3Br. ; aor. %{AsUyIt} S3Br. iii ; 3. pl. %{asUyiSuH} Ra1jat.) to murmur at , be
displeased or discontented with (dat. [S3Br. Pa1n2. 1-4 , 37 , &c.] or acc. [MBh. R. &c.]):
Caus. (ind. p. %{asUyayitvA}) to cause to be displeased , irritate MBh. iii , 2624 (N.)\\ 2
mfn. grumbling at , displeased with (loc.) MBh. xiii , 513 ; (%{A}) f. displeasure ,
indignation (especially at the merits or the happiness of another) , envy , jealousy Nir.
A1p. Mn. &c.
asuuyaka * = mfn. (Pn. 3-2, 146) discontented, displeased, envious, calumnious Nir.
Mn. &c.
asuuyitR * = mfn. displeased, envious MBh. ii, 2545; ({an-} neg.) i, 5611.
asuuyu * = mfn. id.; (see {an-asuyu}.)

asvapat * = m. sleeplessness S3Br. iii Shad2vBr. (%{am}, n.) VarBr2S. ; (%{asvapna4}) mfn. (= $) not sleeping, watchful AV. ; not dreaming Nr2isUp. ; m. `"
sleepless "', a god L.
asvasa= see aasvaasa
asvastha* = mf(%{A})n. not in good health, sick, feeling uneasy Mn. vii, 226 MBh. &c.;
not being firm in itself. MBh. xii, 276 (Hit.); (%{asvastha})%{-tA} f. illness, Ratna1v.
(Pra1kr2it {assatthadA}); %{-zarIra} mfn. ill Ka1d.//see %{a-sva}
asvaasthya * = indisposition, sickness, discomfort BhP. Kaths.
asyasi*= ind. sword against sword L.
ath (aT) cl. 1. P. A1. %{aTati}, %{-te}, %{ATa}, %{aTiSyati}, %{ATIt}, %{aTitum}, to
roam, wander about (sometimes with acc.; frequently used of religious mendicants):
Intens. %{aTATyate}, to roam or wander about zealously or habitually, especially as a
religious mendicant: Desid. %{aTiTiSati}, to be desirous of roaming.
at 1 ind. a prefix said to imply `" surprise "', probably a contraction of %{ati}, meaning
`" extraordinary "', (g. %{Ury-Adi}, q.v.)\\ 2 cl. 1. P. A1. %{a4tati} (Naigh.; p. %{a4tat}
or %{a4tamAna}), to go constantly, walk, run RV.; to obtain L.
atad* = not that BhP. (cf. {a-sa}).
atandra *= mfn. free from lassitude , alert , unwearied RV. AV
athati = (1 pp) to roam

atat = see 'atad'

ataH = hence
ataHparam * = ind. henceforth, further on. [12,2]
atattvaarthavat.h = without knowledge of reality
atandritaH = with great care
atarka* = m. an illogical reasoner; bad logic.
atapaskaaya = to one who is not austere
athavi * = %{is}, or usually
athavii * = f. `" place to roam in "', a forest.
athavika * = better
atha = thereupon * =(or Ved. {a4thA}) ind. (probably fr. pronom. base {a}), an
auspicious and inceptive particle (not easily expressed in English), now; then; moreover;
rather; certainly; but; else; what? how else? &c. \\" but if. "' MBh. v, 2775 Bhag. ii, 33;
xviii, 58
atha-shabda = the word atha (prayers are started with words atha or AUM)
atha.rH = object, meaning

atharvan (Atharva-veda) *= %{A} m. (said to be fr. an obsolete word %{athar} , fire) , a

priest who has to do with fire and Soma ; N. of the priest who is said to have been the first
to institute the worship of fire and offer Soma and prayers (he is represented as a
Praja1pati , as Brahma1's eldest son , as the first learner and earliest teacher of the
Brahma-vidya1 , as the author of the Atharva-veda , as identical with An3giras , as the
father of Agni , &c.) ; N. of S3iva , Vasisht2ha [Kir. x , 10] , Soma , Pra1n2a ; (%{A} , %
{a}) m. n. the fourth or Atharva-veda (said to have been composed by Atharvan , and
consisting chiefly of formulas and spells intended to counteract diseases and calamities) ;
(%{a4tharvANas}). pl. m. descendants of Atharvan , often coupled with those of
An3giras and Bhr2igu ; the hymns of the Atharva-veda.
atharvaNvaakyaM = `atharvaNa" word-piece
atharvashiirshha = atharva(?)
atharvashiirshhaM = 'atharva' heading or head
athavaa = or
athaataH = atha and ataH: then and therefore
athau = or in other words
atho *= ind. ( = %{atha} above), now; likewise; next; therefore.
ati = extremely
aticara *= mfn. transient, changeable; (%{A}) f. the shrub Hibiscus Mutabilis.

aticaara *= m. passing by, overtaking, surpassing; accelerated motion, especially of

planets; transgression
atiitaH = surpassed
atiitya = transcending
atiindriyaM = transcendental
atiiva = very much * = ind. exceedingly, very; excessively, too; quite; surpassing (with
acc.): Compar. {atI7va-tarAm} ind. exceedingly, excessively S'is'. iv. 25.
ati-parichaya = excessive familiarity
ati-viiryaM = super power
atichaara = Accelerated planetary motion
atidaaruuNaman.h = adj. very dreadful
atidis' *= to make over, transfer, assign: Pass. %{-dizyate}, (in Gr.) to be overruled or
attracted or assimilated.
atidurvritta = of exceedingly bad conduct
atikram *= to step or go beyond or over or across, (Ved. Inf. %{ati-kra4me}, to be
walked on RV. i, 105, 16) ; to pass, cross ; to pass time ; to surpass, excel, overcome ; to
pass by, neglect ; to overstep, transgress, violate ; to pass on or away ; to step out ; to part

from, lose: Caus. %{-krAmayati}, or %{-kramayati}, to allow to pass (as time) ; to leave
unnoticed.
atikrama *= m. passing over, overstepping ; lapse (of time) ; overcoming, surpassing,
conquering ; excess, imposition, transgression, violation ; neglect ; determined onset.
atikrama * = m. passing over, overstepping; lapse (of time); overcoming, surpassing,
conquering; excess, imposition, transgression, violation; neglect; determined onset
atilaGgh* = Caus. %{-laGghayati}, to transgress Katha1s.
atilaGghana* = n. excessive fasting Sus3r.
atirichyate = becomes more
atishaya = wonderful
atishayokti = exaggeration
atishthhaa *= 1 ( %{sthA}) , to be at the head of , govern RV. AV. ; to jut over or out
TBr.\\ 2 f. precedence , superiority S3Br. &c. ; (%{as}). mf. or %{ati-SThA4van} m. or
%{atiSThA4-vat} [AV.] , mfn. superior in standing , surpassing.
atitaranti = transcend
atitaralaM = ati+tarala, very+unstable
atithi = (m) guest

atithiH = (masc.Nom.sing.)guest (literally undated)

ativaa * = 2. cl. 2. P. {-vAti}, to blow beyond AV.: cl. 4. P. {-vayati}, to blow violently;
({ati-vAyati}), pr. p. loc. ind. the wind blowing strongly MBh.
ativartana* = n. a pardonable offence or misdemeanour.
ativartate = transcends
ativartin* = mfn. passing beyond, crossing, passing by, surpassing; guilty of a
pardonable offence.
ativartula* = mfn. very round; m. a kind of grain or pot-herb.
atmaanaM = (masc.Acc.S) the self
attA *= f. (probably a colloquialism borrowed from the Deccan, said to occur chiefly in
dramas), a mother L.; mother's sister L.; elder L.; (in Pra1kr2it) a mother-in-law L. see
%{akkA}.
aththa *= ind. high, lofty L.; loud L.; m. a watch-tower; a market, a market-place
(corruption of %{haTTa}); N. of a Yaksha Ra1jat.; over-measure L.; (%{a}). f.
overbearing conduct(?) Pa1n2. 3-1, 17 Comm.; (%{am}) n. boiled rice, food L.; (mfn.),
dried, dry L.
atra * = 1 (or Ved. %{a4-trA}) ind. (fr. pronominal base %{a}; often used in sense of loc.
case %{asmin}), in this matter, in this respect; in this place, here at this time, there,
then.\\2 mfn. ( %{tras}), (only for the etym. of %{kSattra}), `" not enjoying or affording

protection "' Br2A1rUp.\\3 m. (for %{at@tra}, fr. %{ad}), a devourer, demon RV. AV., a
Ra1kshasa.\\ atra 4 n. (for %{at-tra}), food RV. x, 79, 2.
atrasat: V* getting frightened A* unsettled, daunted, put off, intimidated, shaken,
overcome, dismayed.
atulaniiya = uncomparable.
atuulyaM = uncomparable.
atura * = mfn. not liberal, not rich AV.
atyaadri to take great care of, be anxious about.
atyajat.h = left, sacrifice
atyantaM = the highest
atyantika * = mfn. too close; (%{am}) n. too great nearness S3Br.
atyarthaM = highly
atyaaginaaM = for those who are not renounced
atyaani = surpassing
atyaya* = m. (fr. {i} with {ati} see {atI7}), passing, lapse, passage; passing away,
perishing, death; danger, risk, evil, suffering; transgression, guilt, vice; getting at,

attacking Yj. ii, 1 2; overcoming, mastering (mentally); a class ChUp.

atyaaya* = m. ( {i}), the act of going beyond, transgression, excess Pn. 3-1, 141, ({am},
4) ind. going beyond RV. viii, 101, 14.
atyaayaa * = to pass by RV.
atyushhNa = very hot
atyeti = surpasses
atra = (m) eater
audaarya * = n. generosity , nobility , magnanimity MBh. R. Das3. &c. ; liberality
Katha1s. ; noble style Sa1h.
audara: *audara + mfn. (fr. {udara}), being in the stomach or belly Suparn.; gastric (as
a disease) Hcat.
audarya * = mfn. being in the stomach or belly ; being in the womb BhP.
aum (AUM *= ind. the sacred syllable of the S3u1dras (see 3. %{au}) (see also under
pranava, omkaara and om)
aupamAnika *= mfn. (fr. %{upamAna}), derived by analogy Comm. on Nya1yad.
aupamanyava *= m. a descendant of Upa-manyu S3Br. ChUp. Nir. ; (%{As}) m. pl.N.
of a school belonging to the Yajur-veda. [238,3]

aupamika *= mfn. (fr. 3. %{upa-mA}), serving for or forming a comparison Nir.

aupamya *= n. (ifc. f. %{A}) the state or condition of resemblance or equality,
similitude, comparison, analogy MBh. BhP. Bhag. &c. (cf. %{anaup-}, %{Atmau9p-},
&c.)
aupamyena = by comparison
aushadha = medicine
aushhadha = medicine
aushhadhaM = medicine
aushhadham.h = (n) medicine
aushhadhasuuchii = (f) syringe, injection
aushhadhivana = medicinal garden
aushhadhiiH = vegetables
aushaNa* = n. (fr. {uSaNa}), pungency L.
aushadha* = mf({I})n. (fr. {oSadhi}), consisting of herbs S'Br. vii; ({I}) f. N. of
Dkshyan MatsyaP.; ({am}) n. herbs collectively, a herb S'Br. AitBr. KtyS'r. &c.;
herbs used in medicine, simples, a medicament, drug, medicine in general Mn. MBh.
Ragh. &c.; a mineral W.; a vessel for herbs.

autpattika * = mf({I})n. (fr. {ut-patti}), relating to origin, inborn, original, natural Lthy.
BhP. &c.; {a4 priori}; inherent, eternal Jaim. i, 1, 5.
autsukya* = n. (fr. {ut-suka}), anxiety, desire, longing for, regret MBh. R. Ragh. &c.;
eagerness, zeal, fervour, officiousness Pacat. Kaths.; impatience Sh. Pratpar.
av* = cl. I.P. {a4vati} (Imper. 2. sg. {ava} sg. {tAt} RV. viii, 2, 3, p. {a4vat} impf. a4vat,
2. sg. 1. {A4vaH} [for 2. {A4vaH} see {vR}]; perf. 3. sg. {Ava}, 2. pl. {Ava4} RV. viii, 7,
18, 2.sg. {A4vitha}; aor. {a4vit}, 2. sg. {AvIs}, {avIs} and {aviSas}, Imper. {aviSTu}, 2.
sg. {aviDDhi4} [once RV. ii, 17, 8] or {aviDDh} [six times in RV.], 2. du. {aviSTam}, 3.
du., 2. pl. {aviSTa4nA} RV. vii, 18, 25 Prec. 3. sg. {avyAs}, Inf. {a4vitave} RV. vii, 33, 1;
Ved. ind. p. {AvyA} RV. i, 166, 13) to drive, impel, animate (as a car or horse) RV.;
Ved.to promote, favour, (chiefly Ved.) to satisfy, refresh; to offer (as a hymn to the gods)
"' RV. iv, 44, 6; to lead or bring to (dat.: {Uta4ye}, {vA4ja-sAtaye}, {kSatrA4ya},
{svasta4ye}) RV.; (said of the gods) to be pleased with, like, accept favourably (as
sacrifices, prayers or hymns) RV., (chiefly said of kings or princes) to guard, defend,
protect, govern BhP. Ragh. ix, 1 VarBriS. &c.: Caus. (only impf. {avayat}, 2. sg.
{Avayas}) to consume, devour RV. AV. VS. S'Br. [cf. Gk. $ Lat. {aveo}?]. &29765[96,1]
ava = protect
avaachii = (f) south
avaachya = unkind
avaaptavyaM = to be gained
avaapta* = mfn. one who has attained or reached KathhUp.; obtained, got, ({am}) n. `"

got by division, a quotient Comm. on VarBri.

avaaptavat* = mfn. reaching, obtaining; entertaining (as a belief) L.
avaaptavya* = mfn. to be obtained Bhag. Ragh.
avaapita* = mfn. ( {vap}), not sown (as grain, {dhAnya}) but planted L.
avaap* = ( {Ap}), {-Apnoti} (Imper. 2. sg. {Apnuhi}) to reach, attain, obtain, gain, get
Up. Mn. MBh. &c.; to get by division (as a quotient) Sryas.; to suffer (e.g. blame or
unpleasantness or pain) Mn. Ragh. xviii, 34 Pacat.: Caus. to cause to obtain anything
(acc.) Naish. viii, 89.
avaapa * = mfn. see %{dur-avA7pa}.
avaapti* = f. obtaining, getting R. Kum. v, 64, &c.; (in arithm.) a quotient.
avaaptuM = to achieve
avaapnoti = gets
avaapya = achieving
avaapyate = is achieved
avaapsyatha = you will achieve
avaapsyasi = will gain

avaarch *= ( %{Rch}), %{avA7rchati} (sic ; Pot. %{avA7rche4t}) to fall down, become

damaged TS. S3Br.
avaastu* = mfn. having no home AV. xii, 5, 45.
avabhaasa * = m. splendour, lustre, light; appearance (especially ifc. with words
expressing a colour) Jain. Sus'r.; (in Vednta phil.) manifestation; reach, compass, see,
{zravaNA7vabh-}.
ava-bhaasa-kara * =m. N. of a Devaputra Lalit.
ava-bhaasa-prabha * ={As} m. pl.N. of a class of deities Buddh.
ava-bhaasa-prA7pta * =m. N. of a world Buddh.
ava-bhaasaka * =mfn. (in Vednta phil.) illuminating, making manifest. [101, 3]
ava-bhaasana-zikhin * =m. N. of a Nga demon Buddh. ava-bhASaNa * =n. speaking
against, speaking Sh.
ava-bhaasana * =n. shining Bhpr.; becoming manifest Sh.; (in Ved. phil.) illuminating.
avabhritha* = (once %{-bhRtha} AV. ix, 6, 63) m. `" carrying off, removing "',
purification or ablution of the sacrificer and sacrificial vessels after a sacrifice RV. viis,
73, 23, &c.; a supplementary sacrifice (see below) cf. %{jIvitA7vabh-}.
avabodha * = m. waking, being awake Bhag. vi, 17 Kum. ii, 8; perception, knowledge
Ragh. vii, 38, &c., faculty of being resolute in judgment or action [Comm.] BhP.,

teaching L.
(vedabase:) consciousness; avabodha-rasa of Your internal potency, by the mellow of knowledge;
knowledge; total consciousness.
avabudh * = %{budhyate} (fut. 3. pl. %{-bhotsyante} MBh. iii , 1363 , rarely P. e.g. %{-budhyati}
Hariv.10385 ; 2. sg. %{-budhyasi} MBh. vi , 2921) to become sensible or aware of , perceive , know
Caus. (impf. %{-bodhayat}) to make one aware of , remind of MBh. i , 5811 , &c. ; to cause to know ,
inform , explain Ba1lar. &c.: Pass. %{-budhyate} , to be learnt by (instr.) BhP.

avachaya = (m) gathering, collection

avachinoti = to pluck
avachyaH = unblamable
avadaata * = mfn. ( %{das}), cleansed, clean, clear Pa1n2. Sch. Bhat2t2. ; pure,
blameless, excellent MBh. &c., of white splendour, dazzling white ib. ; clear, intelligible
Sa1h. ; %{as} m. white colour L.
avadhaana * = n. attention, attentiveness, intentness Kum.iv, 2 S3is3. ix, 11, &c., (cf. %
{sA7vadhana}.)
avadhiir *= (ind. p. %{-dhIrya}) to disregard , disrespect , repudiate S3is3. ix , 59
Katha1s. Hit.
avadhiiraNaa = (f) a repulse, repulsion
avadhi *= %{iS} m. attention L. ; a term , limit S3Br. &c. ; conclusion , termination

Kum. iv , 43 Katha1s. &c. ; surrounding district , environs , neighbourhood Pa1n2. 4-2 ,

124 ; a hole , pit L. ; period , time L. ; (%{i}) ind. until , up to (in comp.) Katha1s. ; (%
{es}) abl. ind. until , up to , as far as , as long as (gen. [Megh.] , or in comp.) %{-jJAna} n.
`" perception extending as far as the furthest limits of the world "' i.e. the faculty of
perceiving even what is not within the reach of the sensesN. of the third degree of
knowledge Jain.
avadhI *= (impf. %{-dIdhet}) to watch or lie in wait for (dat.) RV. x , 144 , 3. [100,1]
avadhuuta* = mfn. shaken off (as evil spirits) VS. i, i4; removed, shaken away BhP. &c.;
discarded, expelled, excluded MBh. &c.; disregarded, neglected, rejected Das'. &c.;
touched R. vi, 82, 62; shaken, agitated (especially as plants or the dust by the wind),
fanned MBh. &c.; that upon which anything unclean has been shaken out or off (cf.
{avakSuta}) Mn. v, 125 MBh. xiii, 1577; unclean BhP.; one who has shaken, off from
himself worldly feeling and obligation, a philosopher ({brahma-vid}) BhP. Rjat.; m. N.
of a S'aiva philosopher; ({am}) n. rejecting, repudiating MBh. iv, 352 (= Hariv. 4717).
avadhuutapraNipAta* = mf({A})n. rejecting an act of homage Vikr.
avadhuutavesha* = mfn. `" wearing unclean clothes "' or `" wearing the clothes of one
who is rejected "', or `" having discarded clothes "' BhP.
avadhyaH = cannot be killed *= mfn. (Pa1n2. 3-1 , 101) `" not to be praised "' ,
blamable , low , inferior RV. iv , 18 , 5 and vi , 15 , 12 BhP. ; disagreeable L. ; (a4m) n.
anything blamable , want , imperfection , vice RV. &c. ; blame , censure ib. ; shame ,
disgrace RV. AV.

avadya * = mfn. (Pn. 3-1, 101) `" not to be praised "', blamable, low, inferior RV. iv, 18,
5 and vi, 15, 12 BhP.; disagreeable L.; (a4m) n. anything blamable, want, imperfection,
vice RV. &c.; blame, censure ib.; shame, disgrace RV. AV.
ava-dhUta * = mfn. shaken off (as evil spirits) VS. i, i4; removed, shaken away BhP. &c.;
discarded, expelled, excluded MBh. &c.; disregarded, neglected, rejected Das'. &c.;
touched R. vi, 82, 62; shaken, agitated (especially as plants or the dust by the wind),
fanned MBh. &c.; that upon which anything unclean has been shaken out or off (cf.
{avakSuta}) Mn. v, 125 MBh. xiii, 1577; unclean BhP.; one who has shaken, off from
himself worldly feeling and obligation, a philosopher ({brahma-vid}) BhP. Rjat.; m. N.
of a S'aiva philosopher; ({am}) n. rejecting, repudiating MBh. iv, 352 (= Hariv. 4717).
ava-dhUta-praNipAta* =mf({A})n. rejecting an act of homage Vikr.
ava-dhUta-veSa * =mfn. `" wearing unclean clothes "' or `" wearing the clothes of one
who is rejected "', or `" having discarded clothes "' BhP.
avadhuuta * = mfn. shaken off (as evil spirits) VS. i, i4; removed, shaken away BhP. &c.;
discarded, expelled, excluded MBh. &c.; disregarded, neglected, rejected Das'. &c.;
touched R. vi, 82, 62; shaken, agitated (especially as plants or the dust by the wind),
fanned MBh. &c.; that upon which anything unclean has been shaken out or off (cf.
{avakSuta}) Mn. v, 125 MBh. xiii, 1577; unclean BhP.; one who has shaken, off from
himself worldly feeling and obligation, a philosopher ({brahma-vid}) BhP. Rjat.; m. N.
of a S'aiva philosopher; ({am}) n. rejecting, repudiating MBh. iv, 352 (= Hariv. 4717).
avagur *=
(Pot. %{-guret} Mn. iv , 169 ; impf. %{avA7gurat} BhP. ; ind. p. %{-gUrya} Mn. iv , 165

; xi , 206 and 208) to assail any one (loc. or dat.) with threats.
avaGYaa = contempt
avaGYaataM = without proper attention
avagachchha = must know
avagam.h = to comprehend, understand
avagamaM = understood
avagantavya * = mfn. to be known or understood, intended to be understood, meant.
avagraha = (m) famine
avahaasaarthaM = for joking
avahaa* = 3 (aor.3. sg. %{ava4hAh} [for %{-hAs-t}] , perf. 3. sg. %{-jahA4} ind. p. %{hA4ya}) to leave , quit RV. i , 116 , 3 and viii , 45 , 37 TS. MBh. xiii , 6208 Pass. %
{hIyate} (fut. %{-hasyate} Ka1t2h.) to be left remaining , remain behind MBh. iii , 11558 ,
`" to remain behind "' i.e. to be excelled R. v , 2 , 11 , (1. sg. %{hIye}) to be abandoned
RV. x , 34 , 5: Caus. (aor. Subj. 2. sg. %{-jIhipas}) to cause to remain behind on or to
deviate from (a path abl.) RV. iii , 53 , 9.
avajaananti = deride
avajaya* = m. overcoming, winning by conquest Ragh. vi, 62, &c.

avajaghnat* = mfn. (irreg. p. in Pass. sense; {-hanyamAna} Comm.) being beaten or

struck by (instr.) MBh. i, 1424.
avajaya *V= indifferent, neglectful, disrespecting, disregarding, disobeying
avajaa *= 1 %{-jAnAti} (ind. p. %{-jJaya} ; perf. Pass. %{-jajJle} Bhat2t2.) to
disesteem, have a low opinion of, despise, treat with contempt MBh. &c. ; to excel
Ka1vya7d.\\ f. contempt, disesteem, disrespect (with loc. or gen.) ; (%{ayA}) instr. ind.
with disregard, indifferently Katha1s. (cf. %{sA7vAjJam}.)
avaji* = (impf. {avA7jayat}; ind. p. -jitya) to spoil (i.e. deprive of by conquest), win MBh.
Mn. xi 80 &c.; to ward off MBh. xiii, 124, to conquer MBh..: Desid. (p. {-jigISat}) to wish
to win or recover S'nkhS'r.
avajita* = mfn. won by conquest R. iii, 54, 6, contemned L.
avajiti* = is f. conquest, victory Kir. vi, 43.
avajaata* = mfn. despised, disrespected; given (as alms) with contempt. Bhag. xvii, 22.
avajaana* = n. (Pn. 3-3, 55) = 2. {ava-jJA} Ragh. i, 79 Hit.
avajyut* = Caus. {-jyotayati}, to light up or cause a light to shine upon, illumine S'Br.
avajval* = Caus. {-jvalayati} [S'V-S'r.] or {-jvAl}, [Kaus'.], to set on fire.
avaaj* = ({aj}) {a4vA7jati}, to drive down RV. i, 161, 10.

avajA* =1 {-jAnAti} (ind. p. {-jJaya}; perf. Pass. {-jajJle} Bhathth.) to disesteem, have a
low opinion of, despise, treat with contempt MBh. &c.; to excel Kvya7d.
avajA* =2 f. contempt, disesteem, disrespect (with loc. or gen.); ({ayA}) instr. ind. with
disregard, indifferently Kaths. (cf. {sA7vAjJam}.)
avakaranikara = dust, garbage
avakarikaa = (f) dustbin, garbage bin
avakalana = differentiation
avakalpate (avaklRp) *= %{-kalpate}, to correspond to, answer, be right TS. &c. ; to be
fit for, serve to (dat.) BhP. Sarvad.: Caus., %{-kalpayati}, to put in order, prepare "',
make ready S3Br. &c. ; to employ becomingly S3Br. ; to consider as possible Pa1n2. 3- "',
3, 147 Sch.: Desid. of Caus. (impf. 3. pl. %{avA7cikalpayiSan}) to wish to prepare or to
make ready AitBr.
avakiraNa * = n. sweepings Car.
avakirNa * = mfn. who has spilt his semen virile, i. e. violated his vow of chastity TA1r.,
poured upon, covered with, filled MBh. i, 7840, &c., (cf. %{sapta@dvArA7vakIrNa})
avakirNajaTAbhAra * = mfn. whose tresses of hair are scattered or have become loose
Das3.
avalepa * = m. glutinousness (as of the mouth) Sus'r. [103, 3]; ointment L.; ornament L.;
pride, haughtiness BhP. Ragh. &c. (cf. {an-} neg.)

avalehaH = (m) pickle

avalipta = proud, haughty
avalokita *= mfn. seen viewed, observed, viewed by, i. e. being in sight of a planet
VarBr2S. Ma1rkP. ; m. = %{avalokitezvara} below ; (%{A}) f. N. of a woman, Ma1latim. ;
(%{am}) n. looking at, beholding L.
avaman * = 1. (Pot. {-manyeta} aor. Subj. 2. sg. {maMsthAH}, 2.pl. {-madhvam}
Bhathth.; ep. also P. {-manyati} fut. {-maMsyati} MBh. iv, 444) to despise, treat,
contemptuously MBh. &c.; to repudiate refuse ib.: Pass. {-manyate} to be treated
contemptuously: Caus. (Pot. {-mAnayet}) to despise, treat contemptuous) y Mn. ii, 50.
avamaana * m. (ifc. f. Kaths.) disrespect contempt Mn. ii, 162, &c.; dishonour,
ignominy MBh. iii, 226, &c.
avana = protection* = n. favour, preservation, protection Nir. BhP. &c. (cf. {an.avana});
(= {tarpaNa}) satisfaction L.; joy, pleasure L.; (for the explan. of 2. {e4va}) desire, wish
Nir.; speed L.; 1. ({I}) f. the plant Ficus Heterophylla L.; N. of a river Hariv.; (for 2.
{avanI} see {ava4ni}.)
avamehana * = n. urining upon BhP.
avamehanIya * = mfn. to be urined upon , (%{an-} neg.) Gobh.
avamocana * = n. loosening ; setting at liberty L. ; `" where horses are unharnessed "' ,
stage , a place for resting or settling BhP.

avani* = f. course, bed of a river RV.; stream, river RV., the earth Naigh. R. Pacat. &c.;
the soil, ground Megh.; any place on the ground Sryas.; ({ayas}) f. pl. the fingers Naigh.
avanii* = 1 f. the earth R. Pacat.
avanii* = 2 (fut. 2. sg. {-neSyasi}) to lead or bring down into (water) S'Br.; to put into
(loc.) Gobh.; {-nayati}, Ved. to pour down or over AV. VS. &c.
avana* = n. favour, preservation, protection Nir. BhP. &c. (cf. {an.avana}); (=
{tarpaNa}) satisfaction L.; joy, pleasure L.; (for the explan. of 2. {e4va}) desire, wish
Nir.; speed L.; 1. ({I}) f. the plant Ficus Heterophylla L.; N. of a river Hariv.; (for 2.
{avanI} see {ava4ni}.)
avanata *= mfn. bowed , bent down MBh. &c. ; bending , stooping , deepened , not
projecting R. vi , 23 , 12 , &c.
avaaj *= (%{aj}) %{a4vA7jati} , to drive down RV. i , 161 , 10.
anvaca *V= have agreed to follow
avanejana * = mf({I})n. washing, serving for washing (the feet) BhP.; ({am}) n. ablution
(of hands [SBr.] or feet [Mn. ii, 209 BhP.]); water for washing (hands [AV. xi, 3, 13] or
feet cf. {pAdA7van-}).
avaniM = earth
avanipaala = of warrior kings

avaniitanya = the daughter of the Earth (siita)

avapaata* = m. falling down Mriicch.; ({an-} neg.) AitBr. (cf. {zastrA7vap-}); descent,
descending upon; flying down Hit.; a hole or pit for catching game in Ragh. xvi, 78
[101,1]; ({am}) ind. with {ava-patya} (ind. p.), falling or flying down like (in comp.)
avapad* = {-padyate} (Subj. P. {-padAti} RV. ix, 73, 9; Prec. . 3. sg. {-padISTa} RV. vii,
104, 17; aor. Subj. . 3. sg. {-pAdi} RV. i, 105, 3; Ved. Inf. (abl.) {-pa4das} RV. ii, 29, 6)
Ved. to fall down, glide down into (acc.) RV. &c.; (Imper. . 3. pl. {-padyantAm}; Subj.
P. 2. sg. {-patsi}; Pot. P. 1. sg. {-padyeyam}) to drop from (abl.), be deprived of (abl.)
AV. AitBr. PBr.; (Subj. . 1. sg. {-padyai}) to fall, meet with an accident AitBr.; (fut. 3.
pl. {-patsyanti}) to throw down Kthh.: Caus. (Imper. 2. sg. {-pAdaya}; ind. p. {-pAdya})
to cause to glide or go down AV. Sus'r.
avapas'* = P. {-pazyati} (2. pl. {-pazyata}; p. {-pa4zyat}) to look down upon (acc.) RV.
AV. xviii, 4, 37: . {-pazyate}, to look upon AV. ix 4,19.
avapaT* = (ind. p. {-pATya}) to split, tear into pieces Sus'r. Kd. Pass. {-pAtyate}, to
crack, flaw, split Sus'r.
avapat* = (p. {-patat} RV. x, 97, 17 ind. p. {-patya} see {ava-pAta}; impf. {avA7patat}
MBh. &c.) to fly down, jump down, fall down: Caus. (p. {-pAtayat}) to throw down
Kaths.
avaraM = abominable
avarcas * = mfn. having no vigour or energy AV. iv, 22, 3 S3Br. v.

avardhata V*= immediately developed, increased, began to increase more and more
avardhamaana * = mfn. `" not growing "' , (g. %{cArv-Adi} q.v.)
avaruuNaddhi = to obstruct
avarohati = to descend
avaruddha * = hindered, checked, stopped, kept back S'ak. Sh.; shut in, enclosed Mn.
viii, 236 &c.; imprisoned secluded (as in the inner apartments) Yj. ii, 290, &c.;
expelled MBh. iv, 2011, &c.; wrapped up, covered VarBriS.; disguised Das'.; Ved.
obtained, gained S'Br. &c.
avarudh* = P. (aor. {-rudhat}) to obstruct, enclose, contain RV. x, 105, 1, (Inf. {roddhum}) to check, keep back, restrain R. iii, 1, 33, to expel Kaus'. S'nkhS'r. R. ii, 30,
9; {-ruNaddhi}, to seclude, put aside, remove S'Br. KaushBr. ShadvBr.; to shut in, (aor.
. {avA7ruddha} and Pass. {avA7rodh}) Pn. 3-1, 64 Sch.; to keep anything (acc., as
one's grief) locked up (in one's bosom acc.) Bhathth.; (ind. p. {-rudhya}) to keep one's
self ({AtmAnam}) wrapped up in one's self ({Atmani}) BhP.; (impf. {avA7ruNat}) to
confine within, besiege Das'.: . {-rundhe} (for {-nddhe} AV.; impf. {avA7rundha} TS.;
ind. p. {-ru4dhya} ib.; Ved. Inf. {-ru4dham} ib. and {-rudham} MaitrS.) chiefly Ved. to
reach, obtain, gain: P. (p.f. {-rundhatI}; cf. {anurudh}) to be attached to, like BhP.:
Desid.A. {-rurutsate}, Ved.to wish to obtain or gain TS. &c.: Intens.P. (Subj. 2. sg. {rorudhas}) to expel from "' (the domimon) R. si, 58, 20.
avaruuDha* = mfn. come near, approached AV. vi, 140, 1; descended, dismounted,
alighted.

avarudham * = Ved.Inf. see %{avarudh}.

avarudhyamaana * = mfn. being enclosed or surrounded BhP.
avasaM = automatically
avasan.h = III pl. imperfect of vas, to live
avasannaaH = inadequate
avasaraH = (m) opportunity, chance
avasarpati = to slide (as from a waterslide)
avasaadayet.h = put into degradation
avasad *= P. %{-sIdati} (rarely A1. e.g. Pot. %{-sideta} MBh. i , 5184 ; impf. %{-sIdata}
R. iv , 58 , 6) to sink (is into water) Sus3r. BhP. ; to sink down , faint , grow lean [TS.
PBr.] , become exhausted or disheartened , slacken , come to an end , perish , Caus. (p. %
{-sAdayat} ; ind. p. %{-sAdya}) to cause to sink (as , into water) Sus3r. ; to render
downhearted , dispirit , ruin ChUp. MBh. &c. ; to frustrate MBh. xii , 2634 R. v , 51 , 2.
avasaada *= m. sinking (as of a chair) Sus3r. ; the growing faint (as of a sound) ib. ;
failing exhaustion , fatigue , lassitude ib. ; defeat Ma1lav. ; want of energy or spirit
(especially as proceeding from doubtful or unsuccessful love) L. ; (in law) badness of a
cause L. ; end , termination L. (cf. %{nir-av-}.)
avasaadita * mfn. made to sink, exhausted, dispirited; frustrated

avasara *= m. `" descent (of water) "', rain L.; occasion, moment, favourable
opportunity S3ak. &c.; seasonableness, appropriate place for anything (gen.) Katha1s.;
any one's (gen.) turn Pan5cat.; leisure, advantageous situation L.; (= %{mantra})
consultation in private(?) L.; a year L.; (%{e}) loc. ind. at the right moment Katha1s.
avasatha * = m. (for {A-vasatha} q.v.) habitation Hcat.; a village L.; a college, school L.;
({am}) n. a house, dwelling L.
avasaadita * = mfn. made to sink, exhausted, dispirited ; frustrated R. v, 51, 2.
avashaH = helplessly
avas'a * = mf(%{A})n. unsubmissive to another's will , independent , unrestrained , free ,
Av. vi , 42 , 3 & 43 , 3 , &c. ; not having one's own free will , doing something against
one's desire or unwillingly Mn. v , 33 Bhag. &c. *V = automatical, spontaneous.
avas'aa* = f. not a cow , a bad cow AV. xii , 4 , 17 and 42. 17 and 42
avas'aga * = mfn. not being in any one's (gen.) power.
avas'aMgama * = n. `" not submissive to each other N. of a special Sandhi (in which the
two sounds meeting each other remain
unchanged) RPra1t.
avas'apta * = mfn. cursed MBh. xiii , 7221.
avas'arNa * = mfn. broken , shattered Kaus3. MBh. xiii , 1503.

avas'as * = (only instr. %{-za4sA}) f. ( %{zaMs}) , wrong desire AV. vi , 45 , 2. [104,2]

avas'Atana * = n. ( %{zad} , Caus.) , withering , drying up Sus3r.
avas'esha * = n. leavings, remainder Mn. viii, 159, &c. ; often ifc. e.g. %{ardhA7v-}, %
{kathA7v-}, %{pitA7v-} q.v. ; (%{am}) ind. ifc. so as to leave as a remnant Das3. (cf. %
{nir-av}.)
avas'eshita* = mfn. left as a remnant, remaining MBh. i, 5129, &c. (cf. %{kathAmAtrA7v-} and %{nAmamAtrA7v-}.)
avas'i * = (Imper. 2. sg. %{-zizIhi}) to deliver from, remove RV. x, 105, 8.
avas'I * = A1. (3. pl. %{zIyante} ; Imper. %{-zIyatam}) to fall or drop off AV. xviii, 3, 60
TS. Ka1t2h. S3Br. PBr.
avas'IbhUta * = mfn. unrestrained, independent L. ; uninfluenced by magic L.
avas'in * = mfn. not having one's own free will ; not exercising on's own will, not
independent A1p.
avas'ish * = Pass. %{-zi4Syate}, to be left as a remnant, remain TBr. S3Br. MBh. &c.:
Caus. (Pot. %{-zeSayet}) to leave as a remnant MBh. v, 2638 R. v, 26, 38.
avas'ishtha * = mfn. left, remaining.
avashishhyate = remains

avashhTabhya = entering into

avasthaa = a state of the mind* = P. {-tiSThati} (impf. {-atiSThat}; aor. Subj. {-sthAt};
perf. . 3. sg. {-tasthe}; perf. p. P. {-tasthiva4s}) `" to go down into (acc.), reach down to
(acc.) RV. S'Br.; (aor. Subj. 2. pl. {-sthAta}), to go away from (abl.) RV. v, 53, 8; (aor.
Subj. 1. sg. {-stkam}) to be separated from or deprived of (abl.) RV. ii, 27, 17: . (Pn. 13, 22; rarely P. e.g. Bhag. xiv, 23 BhP. &c.) to take one's stand, remain standing s'vGri.
&c.; to stay, abide, stop at any place (loc.) MBh. &c.; to abide in a state or condition
(instr.) MBh. i, 5080 BhP. &c.; (with ind. p.) to remain or continue (doing anything)
MBh. i, 5770; iii, 187 (ed. Bomb.), &c.; to be found, exist, be present MBh. Yj. i, 272,
&c.; (perf. 1 sg. {-tasthe}) to fall to, fall into the possession of (dat.) RV. x, 48, 5; to enter,
be absorbed in in (loc.) Mn. vi, 81 [106,1]; to penetrate (as sound or as fame) MBh. xiii, 1
845: Pass. {-sthIyate}, to be settled or fixed or chosen S'ak.: Caus. (generally ind. p. {sthApya}) to cause to stand or stop (as a carriage or an army &c.), let behind MBh. &c.;
to place upon (loc.), fix, set, array s'vGri. &c.; to cause to enter or be absorbed in (loc.)
MBh. iii, 12502; to render solid or firm R. v, 35, 36; to establish (by arguments) Comm.
on Nyyad.: Pass. Caus. {-sthApyate}, to be kept firm [`" to be separated "' BR.] BhP.
avasrishtha mfn. let loose RV. x , 4 , 3 ; thrown (as arrows or the thunderbolt) RV. vi ,
75 , 16 and vii , 46 , 3 AV. i , 3 , 9 (cf. %{rudrA7v-}) ; (%{ava-sRSTa4}) mfn. made over ,
dismissed , sent RV. x , 28 , 11 and 91 , 14 , brought forth (from the womb) BhP. ; fallen
down from or upon (in comp.) BhP.
avasthaatuM = to stay
avasthaatrayaH = three states of bodily consciousness (awake, sleep, dream)

avasthitaM = situated
avasthitaH = situated
avasthitaaH = situated
avasthitaan.h = arrayed on the battlefield
avasthiti %{is} f. residence BhP. Katha1s. abiding, stability see %{an-av-}; following,
practising L.
avastu*n = n. a worthless thing Kum. v, 66, insubstantiality, the unreality of matter Kap.
Vedntas.
avasyand* = . (p. {-syandamAna}) to flow or trickle down BhP.
avasyandita* = n. (in rhetoric) attributing to one's own words a sense not originally
meant Sh. Das'ar. &c.
avasya* = Nom P. (p. dat. sg. m. {avasyate}) to seek favour or assistance RV. i, 116, 23.
av[at] * = cl. I .P. %{a4vati} (Imper. 2. sg. %{ava} sg. %{tAt} RV. viii, 2, 3, p. %{a4vat}
impf. a4vat, 2. sg. 1. %{A4vaH} [for 2. %{A4vaH} see %{vR}] ; perf. 3. sg. %{Ava}, 2. pl.
%{Ava4} RV. viii, 7, 18, 2.sg. %{A4vitha} ; aor. %{a4vit}, 2. sg. %{AvIs}, %{avIs} and %
{aviSas}, Imper. %{aviSTu}, 2. sg. %{aviDDhi4} [once RV. ii, 17, 8] or %{aviDDh} [six
times in RV.], 2. du. %{aviSTam}, 3. du., 2. pl. %{aviSTa4nA} RV. vii, 18, 25 Prec. 3. sg.
%{avyAs}, Inf. %{a4vitave} RV. vii, 33, 1 ; Ved. ind. p. %{AvyA} RV. i, 166, 13) to drive,
impel, animate (as a car or horse) RV. ; Ved.to promote, favour, (chiefly Ved.) to satisfy,

refresh ; to offer (as a hymn to the gods) "' RV. iv, 44, 6 ; to lead or bring to (dat.: %
{Uta4ye}, %{vA4ja-sAtaye}, %{kSatrA4ya}, %{svasta4ye}) RV. ; (said of the gods) to be
pleased with, like, accept favourably (as sacrifices, prayers or hymns) RV., (chiefly said
of kings or princes) to guard, defend, protect, govern BhP. Ragh. ix, 1 VarBr2S. &c.:
Caus. (only impf. %{avayat}, 2. sg. %{Avayas}) to consume, devour RV. AV. VS. S3Br.
[cf. Gk. $ Lat. {aveo}?]. &29765[96,1]
avatara * = m. descent, entrance S'is'. i, 43; opportunity Naish.
avataara = a divine incarnation particularly of Vishnu, e.g. Buddha* = m. (Pn. 3-3, 120)
descent (especially of a deity from heaven), appearance of any deity upon earth (but
more particularly the incarnations of Vishnu in ten principal forms, viz. the fish tortoise,
boar, man lion, dwarf, the two Rmas, Kriishna, Buddha, and Kalki MBh. xii, 12941
seqq.); any new and unexpected appearance Ragh. iii, 36 & v, 24, &c., (any distinguished
person in the language of respect is called an Avatra or incarnation of a deity);
opportunity of catching any one Buddh.; a Tirtha or sacred place L.; translation L.
avataritavya* = n. impers. to be alighted Mriicch.
avataarita* = mfn. caused to descend, fetched down from (abl.); taken down, laid down
or aside; removed; set a-going, rendered current, accomplished Rjat.
avataarin* = mfn. making one's appeance see {raGgA7vat-}; making a descent in the
incarnation of (in comp.) RmatUp.; ifc. appearing Mlatm.
avataarayati = to keep down, to get down
avati = (1 pp) to protect

avatishhThati = remains
avatishhThate = becomes established
avatu = (may the lord) protect
avayavaH = A Limb (of the body), A part, a portion, a component, a constitunt, an
ingredient
avayava * = m. (ifc. f. {A}) a limb, member, part, portion Pn. &c.; a member or
component part of a logical argument or syllogism Nyyid. &c.
aveda * = %{As} m. pl. not the Vedas S3Br. xiv.
avedavid * = mfn. not knowing the Vedas GopBr. Mn. iv, 192.
avedavidvas * = m(dat. %{-viduSe})fn. id. MBh. xii, 8967.
avedavihita * = mfn. not prescribed in the Vedas Mn. v, 43.
avedayAna * = mfn. (pr. p. A1.) not knowing, not ascertaining Mn. viii, 32.
avekshe = let me see
avekshya = considering
aaves'a *= m. joining one's self Ka1tyS3r.; entering, entrance, taking possession of MBh.

S3ak. Prab. &c.; absorption of the faculties in one wish or idea, intentness, devotedness
to an object BhP.; demoniacal frenzy, possession, anger, wrath Ba1lar. Ka1d.; pride,
arrogance L.; indistinctness of idea, apoplectic or epileptic giddiness L.
avekshaa * f. observation, care, attention to (loc.) Mn. vii, 101 R. BhP.
avekshya* = mfn. to be attended to
avekshitavya mfn. to be observed attentively Sus3r.
avi* = mfn. ( {av}), favourable, kindly disposed AV. v, 1, 9, ({is}) mf. a sheep RV.
(mentioned with reference to its wool being used for the Soma strainer) AV. &c.; the
woollen Soma strainer RV.; ({is}) m. a protector, lord L.; the sun L.; air, wind L.; a
mountain L.; a wall or enclosure L.; a cover made of the skin of mice L., ({is}) f. an ewe
AV. x, 8, 31, (= a-v q.v.; cf. also {adhi}) a woman in her courses L. [cf. Lith. {awi-s};
Slav. {ovjza}, Lat. {ovi-s}; Gk. $-s; Goth. {avistr}].
avibhaktaM = without division
avichaarii = adj. thoughtless
avidaasin *= mfn. not drying up (as a pond) , perennial A1s3vGr2. Gobh. BhP.
avidita = without knowledge, unknowingly
avidushaH = of one who does not know
avidusa * = n. id. Pa1n2. 4-2 , 36 Comm.

avidushthara * = see %{a-vidya}.

avidya = lack of education, ignorance * = mfn. unlearned, unwise Mn. ix, 205, &c.;
({avidyA}) f. ignorance, spiritual ignorance AV. xi, 8, 23 VS. xl, 12-14 S'Br.xiv; (in
Vednta phil.) illusion (personified as My), ignorance together with non-existence
Buddh.
avidyAmaya* = mfn. consisting of ignorance.
avidyamAna* = mfn. (3. {vid}; pr. Pass. p.), not present or existent, absent KtyS'r.
Lthy. Mn. &c. {-ta} f. the not being present Comm. on Nyayad.
avidyamAnatva* = n. id. Comm. on BrirUp.
avidyamAnavat* = ind. as if not being present Pn. 3-1, 3 Comm.; viii, 1, 72.
avidyaa = metaphysical ignorance
avidyamaana* = mfn. (3. {vid}; pr. Pass. p.), not present or existent, absent KtyS'r.
Lthy. Mn. &c. {-ta} f. the not being present Comm. on Nyayad.
avidvaa.nsaH = the ignorant
avidhipuurvakaM = in a wrong way
aviGYeyaM = unknowable

avidusha *V =ignorant, being foolish, not learned

avidushthara *= see %{a-vidya}.
avi *= mfn. ( %{av}), favourable, kindly disposed AV. v, 1, 9, (%{is}) mf. a sheep RV.
(mentioned with reference to its wool being used for the Soma strainer) AV. &c. ; the
woollen Soma strainer RV. ; (%{is}) m. a protector, lord L. ; the sun L. ; air, wind L. ; a
mountain L. ; a wall or enclosure L. ; a cover made of the skin of mice L., (%{is}) f. an
ewe AV. x, 8, 31, (= a-vi1 q.v. ; cf. also %{adhi}) a woman in her courses L. [cf. Lith.
{awi-s} ; Slav. {ovjza}, Lat. {ovi-s} ; Gk. $-s ; Goth. {avistr}].
avihata *= mfn. not refused or sent away BhP. ; unobstructed , unimpeded BhP. Megh.
avii * = {Is} f. ( {vI}), a woman in her courses L.
avikalpena = without division
avikaaryaH = unchangeable
avikaarin * = mfn. unchangeable, invariable (as truth) MBh. xii, 5979 & (superl. %{-ritama}) 5986, &c.; unchangeable (in character), faithful Mn. vii, 190; without change,
without being changed Sus3r.; not exhibiting any alteration (in one's features) Katha1s.
avikrita *= mfn. unchanged TPra1t. ; not prepared , not changed by artificial means ,
being in its natural condition A1p. Gaut. , (said of cloth) not dyed Gaut. ; not developed
(in its shape) S3Br. iii ; not deformed , not monstrous Gaut.
avikriya *= mf(%{a}) n. unchangeable , invariable Ragh. x , 17 BhP. ; not showing any

alteration (in one's features) Katha1s. ; not exhibiting any difference , quite similar
Ra1jat. ; (%{A}) `" unchangeableness "' see %{avikriyA7tmaka} below.
avilambita *= mfn. not delaying, expeditious Katha1s. ; not pronounced slowly Ka1tySr.
La1t2y. TPra1t. ; (%{am}) ind. without delay S3ak. Katha1s. [110,1]
avilupta*= mfn. undamaged unhurt BhP. Ra1jat. Katha1s
avinashyantaM = not destroyed
avinaasha = undestructible, name of Vishnu
avinaashi = imperishable
avinaashinaM = indestructible
avinda *= not finding, not getting, not gaining
avipakva* =mfn. undigested Bhpr.; immature.
avipashchitaH = men with a poor fund of knowledge
avirati = sensuality
avirodha = no opposition * = m. non-opposition to, living or being in agreement with (in
comp. or inst.) MBh. xiii, 1935 Hariv. 8752 R.; non-incompatibility, consistency,
harmony, Ya1n5. ii, 186, &c.

avishahya mfn. not bearable, not wearable MBh. BhP. ; intolerable, insupportable BhP.
R. Ragh. Kum. iv, 30 ; irresistible MBh. &c. ; unfeasible, impracticable MBh. R. (ii, 20,
33, superl. %{-tama}) ; inaccessible (to the eyes, %{cakSuSAm}) MBh. xiv, 611 ;
indeterminable (as a boundary) Mn. viii, 265.
avisha *= 1 mf(%{A})n. not poisonous RV. AV. VS. Sus3r. ; (%{A}) f. the plant Curcuma
Zedoaria.\\ 2 m. ( %{av}), the ocean Un2. (cf. %{taviSa}) ; (%{I}) f. a river Un2. ; the
earth L.
avis'aGka* = mfn. having no doubts, not hesitating MBh. iii, 2171 and xiii, 2747; ({A}) f.
`" no hesitation "', ({ayA}) instr. ind. undoubtingly without hesitation MBh. Hariv. &c.
avishaya m. anything out of reach, anything impossible or improper MBh. xiii, 2207
S3ak. Katha1s. ; not a proper object for (gen.). Ma1lati1m. Ven2is. ; (mfn.) not having an
object Nr2isUp.
avis'aGkita* = mfn. unapprehensive, not having doubts, not hesitating MBh. v, 490 BhP.
&c.; ({am}) ind. without hesitation R. v, 90, 13 Sus'r.
avis'astR* = {tA4} m. an unskilful cutter up or killer (of animals) RV. i, 162, 20.
avis'esha* = m. non-distinction, non-difference, uniformity Kap.; (mfn.)without
difference, uniform BhP. Kap. &c.; ({ANi}) n. pl. (in Sinkhya phil.) N. of the (five)
elementary substances (cf. {tan-mAtra}); ({At}) ind. or in comp. {avizSa-} [e.g. {avizeSazruteS}, {aviseSo7padezAt} KtyS'r.] without a special distinction or difference KtyS'r.]
Jaim. Gaut. S'ulb.; not differently, equally Comm. on Nyyad.; ({eNa}) ind. without a
special distinction or difference p. Comm. on Yj. &c. =

avis'eshavat* = mfn. not making a difference between (loc.) Yj. iii, 154.
avasita * = mfn. one who has put up at any place, who dwells, rests, resides RV. i, 32, 15
and iv, 25, 8 S3Br. Ka1tyS3r.; brought to his abode (as Agni) TS.; ended, terminated,
finished, completed MBh. i, 4678, &c.; one who has given up anything (abl. MBh. xii,
7888; or in comp. Ya1jn5. ii, 183); determined, fixed BhP.; ascertained BhP.; known,
understood; one who is determined to (loc.) BhP.; being at end of the line of a verse (see
%{ava-sA4na}) RPra1t. VPra1t.; stored (as grain &c.) L.; gone L.; (%{am}) n. `" a
dwelling-place "' see %{navA7vasita4}.
avis'va* = n. not the universe BhP.
avis'vasat* = mfn. not confiding Rjat. Kaths.
avis'vasta* = mfn. not trusted, suspected, doubted L.; = {a-vizvasa4t} R. iii, 1, 25, &c.
avisha * = 1 mf(%{A})n. not poisonous RV. AV. VS. Sus3r.; (%{A}) f. the plant Curcuma
Zedoaria \\ 2 m. ( %{av}), the ocean Un2. (cf. %{taviSa}); (%{I}) f. a river Un2.; the
earth L.
avita * = mfn. ( %{av}). protected L. (cf. %{a4droghA7vita}.)\\ aviita * = mf(%{A})n.
( %{vI}), not enjoyed (as the sacrificial oblation) RV. iv, 48, 1\\aaviita * = and %
{AvItin} see %{A-vye}. [156,1]\\ aaviita * = mfn. covered, invested (especially with the
sacred thread).
avivikta *= mfn. unseparated Veda1ntas. ; undiscriminated , uninvestigated L. ;
indiscriminate , confounded L. ; not separated from the Public , not retired or secluded
L.

avottaraattaat.h = protect me from the northern direction

avrithaa * = ind. not in vain, profitably L.
avya * = mfn. (said of the woollen Soma strainer) coming from sheep ({a4vi} q.v.) RV.;
({as}, {am}) m. n. the woollen Soma strainer RV.
avyaahata *= mfn. unresisted , unimpeded MBh. R. &c. ; not disappointed , not
contradictory L. [112,2]
avyaahataaGYaH = avyAhata+agyaH, not feeling the hit?
avyaakrita* = mfn. undeveloped, unexpounded S'Br. xiv BhP.; ({am}) n. elementary
substance from which all things were created, considered as one with the substance of
Brahma L.
avyaakritaa = not expressed
avyabhichaariNii = without any break
avyabhichaariNyaa = without any break
avyabhichaareNa = without fail
avyakta = nonmanifested* = mfn. undeveloped, not manifest, unapparent, indistinct,
invisible, imperceptible Up. Pn. Mn. &c.; (in alg.) unknown as quantity or number;
speaking indistinctly; m. (= {paramA7tman}) the universal Spirit Mn. ix, 50; N. of

Vishnu L.; of S'iva L.; of Kma L.; a fool L.; N. of an Upanishad; ({am}) n. (in Snkhya
phil.) `" the unevolved (Evolver of all things) "', the primary germ of nature, primordial
element or productive principle whence all the phenomena of the material world are
developed, KathhaUp. Snkhyak. &c.; ({am}) ind. indistinctly.
avyaktaM = nonmanifested
avyaktaH = invisible
avyaktamuurtinaa = by the unmanifested form
avyaktaa = toward the unmanifested
avyaktaat.h = to the unmanifest
avyaktaadiini = in the beginning unmanifested
avyaliika * = mfn. having no uneasiness or unpleasantness; well off MBh. v, 698; not
false, true, veracious BhP. Das'ar.; ({am}) ind. truly BhP.
avyaya = without deterioration: 1 or rarely {a4vyaya} [only RV. viii, 97, 2 and ix, 86, 34]
mfn. ({a4vi}) made of sheep's skin (as the woollen Soma strainer) RV.; belonging to or
consisting of sheep RV. viii, 97, 2. \\2 mf({A})n. not liable to change, imperishable,
undecaying Up. Mn. &c.; `" not spending "', parsimonious; m. N. of Vishnu or S'iva L.; of
a son of Manu Raivata Hariv. 433; of a Nga demon MBh. i, 2157 (ed. Bomb.); the nonspending, parsimony; ({am}) n. [or m. L.] an indeclinable word, particle Pn. APrt.
&c.; (in Vednta) a member or corporeal part of an organized body L.

avyayaM = immutable; V state of affairs

avyayaH = inexhaustible
avyayasya = of the imperishable
avyavasaayinaaM = of those who are not in KRishhNa consciousness
avyutpanna mfn. not ensuing or following, Ven2is.; underived (as a word), having no etymology
Pa1n2. 7-2, 8 Pat.; unaccomplished, inexperienced BhP. &c.
ayaama * = not a night-watch, any time during daylight.
ayaasya * (4) mfn. (= $ Windisch; cf. {ayA4s} and {ai0A4s} before), agile, dexterous,
valiant RV.; m. N. of an Angiras (composer of the hymns RV. ix, 44-66 and x, 67 and 68)
RV. x, 67, 1 and 108, 8 S'Br. xiv.
ayaata * = mfn. not gone
ayaM = him (from idaM.h)
ayajanta = third person plur. imperfect aatmanepada of yaj, to worship
ayatha * = n. a foot RV. x 28, 10 and 11 (mfn.) prosperous, Pa1rGr.\\see col.
2.\\ayatha ind. not as it should be, unfitly BhP.
ayatiH = the unsuccessful transcendentalist

ayathaavat.h = imperfectly
ayana*=mfn. going VS. xxii, 7 Nir.; ({am}) n. walking a road a path RV. iii 33, 7 &c.
(often ifc. cf. {naimiSA7yana}, {puruSA7yana}, {prasamA7yana}, {samudrA7yaNa},
{svedA7yana}), (in astron) advancing, precession Sryas.; (with gen [e.g. {a4ngirasAm},
{AdityA4nam}, {gavAm}, &c.] or ifc.) `" course, circulation "'N. of various periodical
sacrificial rites AV. S'Br. &c. the sus road north and south of the equator, the half year
Mn. &c., the equinoctial and solstitial points VarBriS. &c.; way, progress, manner S'Br.;
place of refuge Mn. i, 10; a treatise ({zAstra} cf. {jyotiSAm-ayana}) L.
ayaana* =n. not moving "', halting, stopping L.; (= {sva.bhAva}), natural disposition or
temperament "' L
ayaneshhu = in the strategic points
ayama = length, extension, restraint
ayashaH = infamy
ayasaH = (m) iron
ayase = (v) to go
ayata * = mfn. unrestrained, uncontrolled
ayatha * = n. a foot RV. x 28, 10 and 11 (mfn.) prosperous, Pa1rGr.\\see col. 2.\\
ayatha ind. not as it should be, unfitly BhP.

ayaGYasya = for one who performs no sacrifice

ayudha* = m. a non-fighter Pn. 5-1, 121.
ayuktaH = one who is not in KRishhNa consciousness
ayuktasya = of one who is not connected (with KRishhNa consciousness)
ayuta * = 1 mfn. (1. {yu}), unimpeded AV. xix, 51, 1; N. of a son of Rdhika BhP.
ayu4ta * = 2 n. [{as} m. only MBh. iii, 801], `" unjoined, unbounded "', ten thousand, a
myriad RV. AV. &c.; in comp. a term of praise (see {ayutA7dhyApaka}), (g. {kASThA7di}
q.v.)
ayogataH = without devotional service
ayojayishhyat.h = if one does not join or connect
ayobhaaNDam.h = (n) a wooden barrel

ba * the third letter of the labial class (often confounded with {va}).

baadaraayaNa * = m. (patr. fr. %{badara}; cf. g. %{naDA7di}) N. of sev. teachers and

authors (esp. of a sage identified with Vya1sa, said to be the author of the Veda7ntasu1tras; of an astronomer; of the author of a Dharma-s3a1stra &c. ) IW. 106 &c.; mfn.
written or composed by Ba1dBa1dara1yan2a Cat.
baadhate = (1 ap) to obstruct
baadhya *= mfn. to be (or being) pressed hard or harassed or distressed or pained or
checked or suppressed , Kav. Katha1s. Pur. &c. ; to be (or being) set aside or suspended
or annulled Vop.
baadhyate = affected, afflicted
baadhaka * = mf({ikA})n. oppressing, harassing, paining (see {zatru-b-}); opposing,
hindering, injuring, prejudicing MBh. Pur. ({-tA} f.); setting aside, suspending, annulling
S'ank. Sarvad. ({-tva} n.); m. a partic. disease of women L.; a kind of tree Gobh.;
mf({I})n. belonging to or derived from the Bdhaka tree ShadvBr. S'rS.
baadhana * = mfn. oppressing, harassing (see {zatrub-}); opposing, refuting L.; ({A}) f.
uneasiness, trouble, pain Nyyas.; n. opposition, resistance, oppression, molestation,
affliction (also pl.) R. S'ak.; removing, suspending, annulment (of a rule &c.) Veda7ntas.
Pn. Sch.
baadhita4 * = mfn. pressed, oppressed &c. RV. &c. &c.; (in gram.) set aside, annulled;
(in logic) contradictory, absurd, false, incompatible (cf. {a-bAdhita})
bhaadra* = m. (fr. {bhadra}, of which it is also the Vriiddhi form in comp.) the month
Bhdra (= {-pada} below) Rjat.; ({I}) f. (scil. {tithi}) the day of full moon in the month

BhBhdra Col.
baahu = arm *= 1 m. and (L.) f. (fr. %{bah}, %{baMh}; for 2. %{bAhu} see col. 3) the
arm, (esp.) the fore-arm, the arm between the elbow and the wrist (opp. to %{pragaNDa} q.v.; in medic. the whole upper extremity of the body, as opp. to %{sakthi}, the
lower extextremity) RV. &c. &c.; the arm as a measure of length (= 12 An3gulas)
Sulbas.; the fore-foot of an animal (esp. its upper part) RV. AV. Br. A1s3vGr2.; the limb
of a bow S3Br.; the bar of a chariot-pole Gobh.; the post (of a door; see %{dvAra-b-});
the side of an angular figure (esp. the base of a right-angled triangle) Su1ryas.; the
shadow of the gnomon on a sun-dial ib.; (also du.) the constellation A1rdra1 L.; m. N. of
a Daitya MBh.; of a prince (who brought ruin upon his family by his illegal actions) ib.;
of a son of Vr2ika Hariv.; of a son of Vajra VP. [Cf. Gk. $, $; &222225[730,2] Germ.
{buog}, {Bug}; Angl. Sax. {bo1g}; Eng. {bough}.]\\ 2 (for 1. see col. 2), Vr2iddhi form of
%{bahu} in comp. = ki1t2a mfn. g. %{palady-Adi}.
baahuM = arms
baahulya = plentitude
baahyasparsheshhu = in external sense pleasure
baahyaan.h = unnecessary
baala = child
baalaH = young boy
baalakaH = boy

baalakavii = young poet

baalabuddhii = adj. childish
baalaa = Girl
baalaaH = the less intelligent
baalikaaH = girl
baalis'a *= 1 mf(%{A})n. young, childish, puerile, ignorant, simple, foolish MBh. Ka1v.
&c. ; m. a fool, simpleton, blockhead ib.
baalonmattavadeva = like a child who has gone mad
baalyakaalaat.h = from a young age
baandhava = brother* = a kinsman, relation (esp. maternal rrelation), friend (ifc. f. )
Mn. MBh. &c.; a brother A.; ({I}) f. a female relative Kaths.
baaNa = Arrow
baaNaH = (m) arrow
baaNa* = or {vANa4} (RV.), {bA4Na} (AV.; later more usually {vANa} q.v.) m. a reedshaft, shaft made of a reed, an arrow RV. &c. &c.; N. of the number five (from the 5
arrows of Kma-deva; cf. {paJca-b-}) Sryas. Sh.; the versed sine of an arc Ganit.; a
mark for arrows, aim BhP.; a partic. part of an arrow L.; Saccharum Sara or a similar

species of reed Bhpr.; the udder of a cow ({vANa4} RV. iv, 24, 9) L.; music (for {vANa4})
AV. x, 2, 17 = {kevala},; N. of an Asura (a, son of Bali, an enemy of Vishnu and favourite
of S'iva) MBh. Pur.; of one of Skanda's attendants MBh.; of a king Hariv.; (also {bhaTTa}) of a poet (the author of the Kdambar, of the Harsha-carita, and perhaps of
the Ratna7val) Cat.; of a man of low origin Rjat.; m. (S'is') or ({A}) f. (L.) a blueflowering Barleria; ({A}) f. the hind part or feathered end of an arrow L.; n. the flower of
Barleria Kir. S'is'.; the body Pras'nUp. // n. appearance, evidence, perception
Veda7ntas. Bha1sha1p. &c.; light, lustre L.// 3 bhANa m. ( %{bhaN}) recitation (esp.
of the Buddhist law) MWB. 44; N. of a sort of dramatic entertainment (in which only one
of the interlocutors appears on the scene, or a narrative of some intrigue told either by
the hero or a third person) Das3ar. Sa1h. Prata1p. (cf. IW. 471). // 4 bhAna %
{bhAnu} and e. see p. 751, col. 1.
baaNapaaNiM = with hand holding arrow (and Bow)
baashhpasthaalii = (f) pressure cooker
baashpa * m. (also written {vASpa} cf. Un. iii, 28) a tear, tears MBh. Kv. &c.; steam,
vapour R. Ragh. Pacat.; a kind of pot-herb Vgbh.; iron L.; N. of a disciple of Gautama
Buda7ha; ({I}) f. a kind of plant (= {hiGgu-pattrI}) L.
babhuuva = became (from bhuu, to become), VB: became, appeared, there was, there
arose, he chose
bahavaH = in great numbers
bahiH = outside

bahis (for bahii-r) *= ind. (the final %{s} is changed before %{k} and %{p} into %{S} ;
cf. Pa1n2. 8-3 , 41) out , forth , outwards , outside (a house , village , city , kingdom &c. ;
also with abl. or ifc. = out of , apart from , except , beside) Br. &c. &c. (with %{kR} , to
place outside , expel , banish , exclude ; with %{bhU} , to come forth ; with %{gam} , or
%{yA} , to go out &c. ; cf. comp.)
bahu *= mf(%{vI4} or %{u})n. much, many, frequent, abundant, numerous, great or
considerable in quantity (n. also as subst. with gen.) RV. (rarely in Man2d2. i-ix) AV. &c.
&c. (%{tadbahu-yad}, `" it is a great matter that "' MBh.; %{tvayA@me@bahu@kRtaMyad}, `" you have done me a great service by-or that- "' Nal.; %{kim@bahunA}, `" what
occasion is there for much talk? "' i.e. `" in short "' S3ak. Hit.); abounding or rich in
(instr.) S3Br.; large, great, mighty AV. &c. &c.; (%{u4}) ind. much, very, abundantly,
greatly, in a high degree, frequently, often, mostly RV. &c. &c. (often ibc., where also=
nearly, almost, rather, somewhat [724,3]; cf. %{bahu-tRNa}, %{bahu-trivarSa} and
Pa1n2. 5-3, 68; %{bahu-man} = to think much of esteem highly, prize, value); n. the pl.
number AitBr.
bahukrita = variously done/made-up
bahukritaveshhaH = various make-ups/roles
bahujanasukhaaya = (dat.Sing.) for he happiness of many
bahujanahitaaya = (dat.Sing.)for the welfare of many
bahuDhaa = (indec.)in many ways or differently
bahuda.nshhTraa = many teeth

bahudustaare = fordable with great difficulty

bahudhaa = in many ways
bahunaa = many
bahumataH = in great estimation
bahuraashhTriyasaMsthaa = (f) a multinational corporation
bahulaaM = various
bahulaayaasaM = with great labor
bahuvachanaM = plural
bahuvidhaaH = various kinds of
bahushaakhaaH = having various branches
bahusyaaM = may exist as many
bahuudaraM = many bellies
bahuun.h = many
bahuunaaM = many

bahuuni = many
bangabhaashhaa = Bengali language
baDisham.h = (n) fishing rod
badarikaa = the jujube fruit (``bora'' in marathi)
badara * = m. the jujube tree, Zizyphus Jujuba L.; another tree (= {deva-sarSapa}) L.;
the kernel of the fruit of the cotton plant L.; dried ginger L.; N. of a man g. {naDA7di};
({A}) f. the cotton shrub L.; a species of Dioscorea L.; Mimosa Octandra L.; Clitoria
Ternatea L.; ({I}) f. see below; ({ba4d-}) n. the edible fruit of the jujube (also used as a
weight) VS. &c. &c.; the berry or fruit of the cotton shrub L.
baddha = caught * =mfn. bound, tied, fixed, fastened, chained, fettered RV. &c. &c.;
captured, imprisoned, caught, confined ib. ({zatAt}, `" for a debt of a hundred "' Pn. 23, 24 Sch.); bound by the fetters of existence or evil Kap.; hanged, hung R.; tied up (as a
braid of hair) Megh.; (ifc.) stopped, checked, obstructed, impeded, restrained,
suppressed MBh. Kv. &c.; girt with S'nkhS'r.; (with instr. or ifc.) inlaid or studded
with, set in MBh. Kv. &c.; attached to, riveted or fixed on (loc.) ib.; joined, united,
combined, formed, produced ib.; composed (as verses) R.; (esp. ibc.; cf. below)
conceived, formed, entertained, manifested, shown, betrayed, visible, apparent (cf.
{jAta} ibc.) MBh. Kv. &c.; clenched (as the fist) Hariv. R.; folded (as the hands)
Mriicch.; contracted (as friendship or enmity) R. S'ak.; taken up (as an abode) Rjat.;
built, constructed (as a bridge) R. Ragh.; embanked (as a river) Rjat.; congealed,
clotted (as blood; opp. to {drava}) Sus'r.; alloyed (as quicksilver) L.; m. or n. ? (with
Jainas) that which binds or fetters the embodied spirit (viz. the connection of the soul

with deeds) MW.

baddhapadma = having bound himself in lotusbaddhahasta\-shirshhaasana = the bound hands headstand posture
baddhaaH = being bound
badh = to tie up
badh.h = to trap, to tie down
badhnaati = to tie, to pack
badhyatas* = ind. (freedom) from the crowd AV. xii, 1, 2 (v.l. {madhya-ta4s}).
badhU* = f. wrongly for {vadhU4} AV. viii, 6, 14.
baddhakadambaka* = mfn. forming groups S'ak.
badhyate = becomes entangled
badhU * = f. wrongly for {vadhU4} AV. viii, 6, 14.
badhiraya * = Nom. P. {-yati}, to niake deaf, deafen. Das'. Mcar.
badhirita * = mfn. made deaf, deafened Das'. Kd. Prab.

badhin * = mfn. (ifc.) injuring, impeding Jtakam.

badva * n. (once m.) a large number, multitude (Sy., `" 100 Kothis "'; others `" 10, 000
millions "' BhP. Sch. `" the number 13, 084 "') Br. MBh. BhP.
bahudhaa* = ind. in many ways or parts or forms or directions, variously, manifoldly,
much, repeatedly RV. &c. &c. (with {kR}, to make manifold, multiply MBh.; to make
public, divulge ib.)
bata = how strange it is
bakabaka = stork * = crane, Ardea Nivea (often fig. = a hypocrite, cheat, rogue, the crane
being regarded as a bird of great cunning and deceit as well as circumspection)
bakaH = (m) crane
bakulaM = blossom (bakula tree blossom
bakulaH = type of tree/shrub
bakulaa = (f)pr.n
bala = strength
balaM = army
balavat.h = strong

balavataaM = of the strong

balavaan.h = powerful
balahiinena = (instr.sing.) by the person bereft of power or strength
balaa = force
balaat.h = by force
balaarishhTa = Infant mortality
balishhTha = strong
balii*V= powerful, stromng; presentatoons, offerings; of tribute; *=
bali *V= saying calling, chanting, calling as such, stating, uttering, taking //*= asm.
(perhaps fr. {bhR}) tribute, offering, gift, oblation (in later language always with {hR})
RV. &c. &c.; tax, impost, royal revenue Br. Mn. MBh. &c.; any offering or propitiatory
oblation (esp. an offering of portions of food, such as grain, rice &c., to certain gods,
semi-divine beings, household divinities, spirits, men, birds, other animals and all
creatures including even lifeless objects; it is made before the daily meal by arranging
portions of food in a circle or by throwing them into the air outside the house or into the
sacred fire; it is also called {bhUta-yajJa} and was one of the 5 {mahA-yajJas}, or great
devotional acts; cf. RTL. 411, 421) GriS'rS. Mn. (esp. iii, 69, 71) MBh. &c. (often ifc. with
the object, the receiver, the time, or the place of the offering); fragments of food at a
meal W.; a victim (often a goat or buffalo) offered to Durg MW.; the handle of a chowrie
or fly-flapper Megh.; N. of a Daitya (son of Virocana; priding himself on his empire over

the three worlds, he was humiliated by Vishnu, who appeared before him in the form of a
Vmana or dwarf. son of Kas'yapa and Aditi and younger brother of Indra, and obtained
from him the promise of as much land as he could pace in three steps, whereupon the
dwarf expanding himself deprived him of heaven and earth in two steps, but left him the
sovereignty of Ptla or the lower regions) MBh. Pur. &c. (cf. IW. 328); N. of Indra in the
8th Manv-antara Pur.; of a Muni MBh.; of a king ib. Pacat.; of a son of Su-tapas Hariv.
Pur. (cf. {vali}).
bali
balii = a demon king
bali* = m. (perhaps fr. {bhR}) tribute, offering, gift, oblation (in later language always
with {hR}) RV. &c. &c.; tax, impost, royal revenue Br. Mn. MBh. &c.; any offering or
propitiatory oblation (esp. an offering of portions of food, such as grain, rice &c., to
certain gods, semi-divine beings, household divinities, spirits, men, birds, other animals
and all creatures including even lifeless objects; it is made before the daily meal by
arranging portions of food in a circle or by throwing them into the air outside the house
or into the sacred fire; it is also called {bhUta-yajJa} and was one of the 5 {mahAyajJas}, or great devotional acts; cf. RTL. 411, 421) GriS'rS. Mn. (esp. iii, 69, 71) MBh.
&c. (often ifc. with the object, the receiver, the time, or the place of the offering);
fragments of food at a meal W.; a victim (often a goat or buffalo) offered to Durg MW.;
the handle of a chowrie or fly-flapper Megh.; N. of a Daitya (son of Virocana; priding
himself on his empire over the three worlds, he was humiliated by Vishnu, who appeared
before him in the form of a Vmana or dwarf. son of Kas'yapa and Aditi and younger
brother of Indra, and obtained from him the promise of as much land as he could pace in
three steps, whereupon the dwarf expanding himself deprived him of heaven and earth in

two steps, but left him the sovereignty of Ptla or the lower regions) MBh. Pur. &c. (cf.
IW. 328); N. of Indra in the 8th Manv-antara Pur.; of a Muni MBh.; of a king ib. Pacat.;
of a son of Su-tapas Hariv. Pur. (cf. {vali}).
bandii = prisoner, detainee
bandha = (a form of poetry)//* binding, tying, a bond, tie, chain, fetter RV. &c. &c.; a
ligature, bandage Sus'r.; damming up (a river) MrkP.; capture, arrest, imprisonment,
custody Mn. MBh. &c.; connection or intercourse with (comp.) Pacat. BhP. (ifc. =
connected with, conducive to MBh.); putting together, uniting, contracting, combining,
forming, producing MBh. Kv. &c.; joining (the hollowed hands) Ragh.; anything
deposited ({-dhe-sthA} = to remain deposited) Campak.; a deposit, pledge Rjat.; any
configuration or position of the body (esp. of the hands and feet) Ragh. Kum.; a partic.
mode of sexual union (there are said to be 16, 18, 36, or even 84 L.), Caur.; constructing,
building (of a bridge &c.) MBh. Rjat.; bridging over (the sea) Vcar.; knitting (the brows)
Rjat.; fixing, directing (mind, eyes, &c.) Cat.; assumption, obtainment (of a body)
Ragh.; (ifc.) conceiving, cherishing, feeling, betraying Hariv. Klid.; a border,
framework, inclosure, receptacle L.; a sinew, tendon L.; the body L.; (in phil.) mundane
bondage, attachment to this world S'vetUp. Bhag. &c. (opp. to {mukti}, {mokSa}, `" final
emancipation "', and regarded in the Snkhya as threefold, viz. {prakRti-}, {vaikArika-},
and {dakSiNA-b-}); combination of sounds (in rhet.), construction or arrangement of
words Kvya7d. Pratp.; arrangement of a stanza in a partic. shape Kpr.; arrangement
of musical sounds, composition S'atr.; a disease which prevents the eyelids from quite
closing Sus'r.; (ifc. with numerals) a part (cf. {paJca-}
bandhaM = bondage

bandha\-padmaasana = the bound lotus posture

bandhana = restriction
ba.ndhanaat.h = (Nr.abl.S) bondage; tie
bandhanaiH = from the bondage
bandhaat.h = from bondage
bandhin *= mfn. binding, clasping (cf. %{dRDhabandhinI}) ; catching (cf. %{matsyabandhin}) ; causing, effecting, producing (cf. %{phala-b-}, %{rAga-b-}) ; showing,
evincing, betraying (cf. %{vAtsalya-b-}).
bandhita *= mfn. (fr. Caus.) caused to be bound (%{zatena}, `" imprisoned for a
hundred pieces of money "') Pa1n2. 2-3, 24 Sch.
bandhu = brother * = m. connection, relation, association RV. &c. &c. (ifc. with f. {U} =
belonging to, coming under the head of i.e. `" being only in name "'; cf. {kSatra-}, {dvijab-} &c.; `" resembling "' Blar. v, 56/57, `" frequented by "' ib. iii, 20, `" favourable for
"' ib. iv, 87; cf. Pn. 6-1, 14); respect, reference ({kena bandhunA} `" in what respect? "')
S'Br.; kinship, kindred Mn. ii, 136; a kinsman (esp. on the mother's side), relative,
kindred RV. &c. &c. (in law, a cognate kinsman in a remote degree, one subsequent in
right of inheritance to the Sa-gotra; three kinds are enumerated, personal, paternal and
maternal); a friend (opp. to {ripu}) MBh. Kv. BhP.; a husband Ragh.; a brother L.;
Pentapetes Phoenicea L. (= {bandhUka}); N. of a metre Col.; (in astrol.) of the fourth
mansion Var.; of a Riishi with the patr. Gaupyana or Laupyana (author of RV. v, 24
and x, 5660) RAnukr.; of Manmatha L.

bandhuH = friend
bandhuvargaH = relatives
bandhushhu = and the relatives or well-wishers
bandhuun.h = relatives
bandhau = in (towards) relatives
barham.h = (n) peacock feather
barhishmat * = (%{-hi4S-}) mfn. accompanied or provided with sacrificial grass RV.
Br. Mn.; having fire or light, blazing, shining W.; m. one who has or spreads ssacrificial
grgrass, a worshipper, sacrificer RV.; N. of Pra1ci1na-barhis BhP.; (%{atI}) f. N. of a
wife of Priya-vrata and daughter of Vis3vakarman BhP.; N. of a city in Brahma7varta ib.
basti = method for cleaning the intestines
baT* = ind. in truth, certainly (Sy.= {satyam}) RV.
baTaraka* = n. pl. circular lines of light which appear before the closed eye Aitr.
baTu* = m. (also written {vaTu}) a boy, lad, stripling, youth (esp. a young Brhman, but
also contemptuously applied to adult persons) MBh. Kv. &c.; N. of a class of priests
Cat.; a form of S'iva (so called from being represented by boys in the rites of the S'ktas)
ib.; Calosanthes Indica L.

bata* = 1 ind. (later usually {vata}; g. {svar-Adi}) an interjection expressing

astonishment or regret, generally = ah! oh! alas! (originally placed immediately after the
leading word at the beginning of a sentence, or only separated from it by {iva}; rarely
itself in the first place e.g. Mlav. iii, 21/22; in later language often in the middle of a
sentence) RV. &c. &c.
bata* = 2 m. a weakllng RV. x, 10, 13.
bata * = 1 ind. (later usually {vata}; g. {svar-Adi}) an interjection expressing
astonishment or regret, generally = ah! oh! alas! (originally placed immediately after the
leading word at the beginning of a sentence, or only separated from it by {iva}; rarely
itself in the first place e.g. Mlav. iii, 21/22; in later language often in the middle of a
sentence) RV. &c. &c.
biDaalaH = (m) cat
bathu (vathu) *= m. (also written %{vathu}) a boy , lad , stripling , youth (esp. a young
Bra1hman , but also contemptuously applied to adult persons) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; N. of a
class of priests Cat. ; a form of S3iva (so called from being represented by boys in the
rites of the S3a1ktas) ib. ; Calosanthes Indica L.
bindu = dot
binduH = (m) point, drop
binduu = a drop, a dot
bibharti = is maintaining, *: would carry

bibhiishhaNashriidaH = the man who gave `shrI' riches etc, to vibhIshhaNa

bibheti = fears
bibheshhi = afraid
bibhyati *V= is afraid; fears
bila = hole (neut)
biija = seed
biijaM = the seed
biijagaNita = algebra
biijapradaH = the seed-giving
biijaankuranyaaya = maxim of seed and shoot
biibhatsa = the sentiment of disgust (nauseating, revolting )
biibhatsakarman.h = adj. repulsive worker
bhaaH = light
baaDha* = or {bALha4} mfn. ( {baMh}; cf. Pn v, 63) strong, mighty (only ibc. and in
{bAhe4} ind.), loudly, strongly, mightily RV.; ({bADham} or {vADham}) ind. assuredly,

certainly, indeed, really, by all means, so be it, yes (generally used as a particle of
consent, affirmation or confirmation) MBh. Kv. &c.
baadha4* = 1 m. a harasser, tormentor Hariv.; annoyance, molestation, affliction,
obstacle, distress, pain, trouble RV. &c. &c.; (also {A}, f.; cf. Vm. v, 2, 44) injury,
detriment, hurt, damage MBh. Kv. &c.; danger, jeopardy (see {prA7Na-}); exclusion
from (comp.) Pacat.; suspension, annulment (of a rule &c.) Sh. Pn. Sch. &c.; a
contradiction, objection, absurdity, the being excluded by superior proof (in log., one of
the 5 forms of fallacious middle term) Kap. Bhshp. &c.\\2 m. (prob.) urging, impulse
(Naigh. ii, 9= {bala} Sy. = {bAdhaka}, {bAdhana}) RV. vi, 11, 5; i, 61, 2; 132, 5 (?).
bhaadra* = m. (fr. {bhadra}, of which it is also the Vriiddhi form in comp.) the month
Bhdra (= {-pada} below) Rjat.; ({I}) f. (scil. {tithi}) the day of full moon in the month
BhBhdra Col.
bhaadrapada* = m. (fr. {bhadra-padA}) the month Bhdra (a rainy month
corresponding to the period from about the middle of August to the middle of
September) Var. Rjat. Sus'r.; ({A}) f. du. and pl. = {bhadra-padA}N. common to the
3rd and 4th Nakshatras (q.v.) Sryas. VP.; ({I}) f. the day of full moon in the month
BhBhdra KtyS'r. Sch.
bhaaga * = 2 Vriiddhi form of {bhaga} in com \\1 m. ( {bhoj}) a part, portion, share,
allotment, inheritance (in Ved. also = lot, esp. fortunate lot, good fortune, luck, destiny)
RV. &c. &c.; a part (as opp. to any whole; {bhAgam bhAgam} with Caus. of {klRp} or
{bhAgAn} with {kR}, to divide in parts); a fraction (often with an ordinal number e.g.
{aSTamo bhAgaH}, the eighth part, or in comp. with a cardinal e.g. {zata-bh-}; 1/100;
{azIti-bh-} = 1/80) Up. Mn. MBh. &c.; a quarter (see {eka-bh-}, {tri-bh-}); part i.e.

place, spot, region, side (ifc. taking the place of, representing) Lthy. MBh. &c. (in this
sense also n.; see {bhUmi-bh-}); part of anything given as interest W.; a half rupee L.;
the numerator of a fraction Col.; a quotient MW.; a degree or 360th part of the
circumference of a great circle Sryas.; a division of time, the 30th part of a Rs'i or
zodiacal sign W.; N. of a king (also {bhAgavata}) Pur.; of a river (one of the branches of
the Candra-bhg) L.; mfn. relating to Bhaga (as a hymn) Nir.; n. N. of a Sman rshBr.
bhaagavata * = mf({I})n. (fr. {bhaga-vat}) relating to or coming from Bhagavat i.e.
Vishnu or Kriishna, holy, sacred, divine MBh. Hariv. Pur.; m. a follower or worshipper of
BhBhagavati or Vishnu ib. (cf. IW. 321, 1); N. of a king VP.; n. N. of a Purna (cf.
{bhAgavata-p-}).
bhaagavatapuraaNa * = n. N. of the most celebrated and popular of the 18 Pura1n2as
(especially dedicated to the glorification of Vishn2u-Kr2ishn2a, whose history is in the
10th book ; and narrated by S3uka, son of Vya1sa, to king Pari1-kshit, grandson of
Arjuna) IW. 331 ; 315 &c. ; %{-kroDapattra} n. pl., %{-tattva-saMgraha} m. %{prakAza} m. %{prathama-zloka-trayI-TIkA} f. %{-prasaGga-dRSTA7ntA7valI} f. %{prAmANya} n. %{-bandhana} n. %{-bRhat-saMgraha} m. %{-bhAvA7rtha-dIpikAprakarana-krama-saMgraha} m. %{-bhAvA7rtha-dIpikA-saMgraha} m. %{-bhUSaNa}
n. %{-maJjarI} f. %{-mahA-vivaraNa} n. %{-sArA7rtha-darzinI} f. %{-sUcikA} f. %{svarUpa-viSayaka-zaGkA-nirAsa} m. %{-NA7dya-zloka-trayI-TIkA} f. %{-NA7rkaprabhA} f. N. of wks. connected with the BhP.
bhaajana* = n. (fr. Caus.) sharing, division (in arithm.) Col.; mf({A})n. (ifc.) sharing or
participating in, entitled or relating or belonging to Br. &c. &c.; n. `" partaker of "', a
recipient, receptacle, (esp.) a vessel, pot, plate, cup, &c. MBh. Kv. &c.; (with gen. or ifc.
with f. {A}), a place or person in which anything is collected or in whom any quality is

conspicuous, any fit object or clever or deserving person ib. (cf. {pAtra}); the act of
representing, representation ({ena} ind. with gen. in the place of; ifc. a representative,
deputy, substitute, serving for, equivalent to) Br. GriS.; a partic. measure (= an dhaka=
14 Palas) S'rngS.; m. N. of a man; pl. his descendants g. {bidA7di}.
bhaajanatA* = f. (ifc.) the being a vessel for, possession of BhP.
bhaaJanaloka* = m. (with Buddhists) the world of inanimate things (opp. to {sattva-l-}
q.v.). Dharmas. 89.
bhaajanIbhUta* = mfn. (ifc.) one who has become a vessel for or who has obtained
Kaths. Lalit.
bhaagadheya = fortune
bhaagya = Blessing * =1 mfn. (fr. %{bhaga}) relating to Bhaga; n. (with %{yuga}) the
12th or last lustrum in Jupiter's cycle of 60 years VarBr2S.; (scil. %{bha} or %
{nakSatra}) the asterism of Bhaga i.e. Uttara-Phalguni1 ib. [752,1]\\2 mfn. ( %{bhaj}) to
be shared or divided, divisible (= %{bhajya}) Vop.\\3 mfn. (fr. %{bhAga}) entitled to a
share g. %{daNDA7di}; (with %{zata}, %{viMzati} &c.) = %{bhAgika} Pa1n2. 5-1, 42
Sch.; lucky, fortunate (compar. %{-tara}) MBh. R.; n. sg. or pl. (ifc. f. %{A}) fate, destiny
(resulting from merit or demerit in former existences), fortune, (esp.) good fortune, luck,
happiness, welfare MBh. Ka1v. &c. (%{ena} ind. luckily, fortunately Hit.); reward BhP.
bhaagya-bhaava = Ninth house of Luck
bhaagyaM = fortune; luck

bhaagyodaya = prosperity, rise of wealth and belongings

bhaaj *= mfn. (mostly ifc. ; exceptionally with gen.) sharing or participating in , entitled
to , possessing , enjoying , perceiving , feeling , sensible of. devoted to , intent upon Br.
&c. &c. ; forming a part of , belonging to RPra1t. ; joined or connected with , liable to
MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; occupying , inhabiting , frequenting , dwelling or living in or on Ka1v.
Ma1rkP. ; going or resorting to , falling into , seeking Ragh. Kir. ; revering , worshipping
Bhag. Ragh. ; what is due , duty , concern (= %{kartavya}) Bhat2t2.
bhaaj *= %{bhAjana} see col. 1.
bhaajayu* = mfn. (fr. Caus.) sharing with others, generous, liberal RV.
bhaajaka* = m. (fr. Caus.) a divisor (in arithm.) Col.
bhaajana* = n. (fr. Caus.) sharing, division (in arithm.) Col.; mf({A})n. (ifc.) sharing or
participating in, entitled or relating or belonging to Br. &c. &c.; n. `" partaker of "', a
recipient, receptacle, (esp.) a vessel, pot, plate, cup, &c. MBh. Kv. &c.; (with gen. or ifc.
with f. {A}), a place or person in which anything is collected or in whom any quality is
conspicuous, any fit object or clever or deserving person ib. (cf. {pAtra}); the act of
representing, representation ({ena} ind. with gen. in the place of; ifc. a representative,
deputy, substitute, serving for, equivalent to) Br. GriS.; a partic. measure (= an dhaka=
14 Palas) S'rngS.; m. N. of a man; pl. his descendants g. {bidA7di}.
bhaajanam.h = (n) division
bhaajaaM = acquiring peeople

bhaajita * = mfn. (fr. Caus.) shared, divided Sryas.; distributed, portioned W.; n. a
share, portion ib.
bhaakshaalaka* = mfn. relating to or coming from the place Bhakshl g. {dhUmU7di}.
bhaaksha* = mf({I})n. ( {bhakS}) habitually eating, gluttonous (= {bhakSA zIlam asya})
g. {chattrA7di}.
bhaakta *= 1 mf(%{I})n. (fr. %{bhakta}) regularly fed by another , a dependent ,
retainer Pa1n2. 4-4 , 68 ; fit for food ib. , iv , 4 , 100. \\ 2 mf(%{I})n. , (fr. %{bhakti})
inferior , secondary (opp. to %{mukhya}) S3am2k. A1pS3r. Sch. ; m. pl. `" the faithful
ones "'N. of a Vaishn2ava and S3aiva sect W.
bhaalaM = forehead
bhaaN *= onomat., imitation of the noise of breathing or hissing S3Br.
bhaanava* = mfn. peculiar to the sun L.; ({I}) f. a kind of pace Sangt.
bhaanu4* = m. appearance, brightness, light or a ray of light, lustre, splendour RV. &c.
&c.; the sun MBh. Kv. &c.; a king, prince, master, lord L.; N. of the chapters of the
dictionary of an anonymous author Cat.; N. of S'iva L.; of an ditya RmatUp.; of a
Deva-gandharva MBh.; of a son of Kriishna ib.; of a Ydava Hariv.; of the father of the
15th Arhat of the present Avasarpin L.; of a prince (son of Prati-vyoma) BhP.; of a son of
Vis'va-dhara and father of Hari-ntha Cat.; of a pupil of S'ankara7crya Cat.; of various
authors (also with {dIkSita}, {paNDita}, {bhaTTa} &c.) ib.; pl. the dityas (children of
Bhnu) Hariv. Pur.; the gods of the 3rd Manv-antara Hariv.; f. a handsome wife (=
{bhAnu-matI}) L.; N. of a daughter of Daksha (wife of Dharma or Manu and mother of

Bhnu and ditya) Hariv. VP.; of the mother of Devarshabha BhP.; of a daughter of
Kriishna Hariv.; of the mother of the Dnava S'akuni &c. BhP.
bhaanuu = a name of Sun
bhaara = load
bhaara * = weight, war, battle, contest; a burden, load, weight; * = m. ( {bhR}) a burden,
load, weight RV. &c. &c.; heavy work, labour, toil, trouble, task imposed on any one (gen.
or comp.) MBh. Kv. &c.; a large quantity, mass, bulk (often in comp. with words
meaning `" hair "') Hariv. Kv. &c.; a partic. weight (= 20 Tuls = 2000 Palas of gold)
Hariv. Pacat. Sus'r.; = {bhAra-yaSTi}, Krand.; a partic. manner of beating a drum
Sangt.; N. of Vishnu L.; of a prince VP.
bhaaraaya Nom. A1. %{-yate}, to form a load be a load for (gen.) Kuval. BhP.
bhaaradvaaja* = mf({I})n. coming from or relating to Bharad-vja S'Br. &c. &c.; m.
patr. fr. {bharad-vAja} g. {bidA7di}; N. of various men (esp. of supposed authors of
hymns, viz. of Riijis'van, Garga, Nara, Pyu, Vasu, S'sa, S'irimbitha, S'unahotra,
Sapratha, Su-hotra q.v.; but also of others e.g. of Drona, of Agastya, of S'aunya, of
Sukes'an, of Satya-vha, of S'sha Vhneya, of one of the 7 Riishis, of a son of Briihaspati &c., and of many writers and teachers pl. of a Vedic school) RAnukr. MBh. Cat. IW.
146, 161 &c.; the planet Mars L.; a skylark Pacat.; pl. N. of a people VP.; ({I}) f. a
female descendant of Bharad-vja (with {rAtri}N. of the author of RV. x, 127; cf. also
{bhA4radvAjI-pu4tra} below); a skylark PrGri.; the wild cotton shrub L.; N. of a river
MBh. VP.; n. a bone L.; N. of various Smans rshBr.; of a place Pn. 4-2, 145 (v.l. for
{bhar-}).

bhaarata = O descendant of Bharata

bhaaratii = Utterance
bhaarate = (Loc.S)in India or Bharat
bhaaraya m. = %{bhAradvAja}, a sky-lark ib. [753,3]
bhaarayasththi f. a pole or yoke for carrying loads L.
bhaargava* = mf({I})n. relating to or coming from Bhriigu Up. MBh. &c.; belonging to
S'ukra (cf. below) R.; patr. fr. {bhRgu} (pl. {bhRgavaH}) Pn. 2-4, 65; N. of S'ukra
(regent of the planet Venus and preceptor of the Daityas) R. Var. &c.; of S'iva MBh.; of
Paras'u-rma ib.; of various men (esp. supposed authors of hymns, viz. of Itha, Kali,
Kriitnu, Griitsamada, Cyavana, Jamad-agni, Nema, Prayogs, Vena, Soma7huti and
Syma-ras'mi q.v.; but also of many other writers or mythological personages e.g. of
Ithala, of Riicka, of Dvi-gat, of Dris'na, of Mrkandeya, of Pramati &c.) Br. S'rS. MBh.
RAnukr.; a potter MBh. (Nlak.); an astrologer L.; an archer, a good bowman (like
Paras'u-rma) L.; an elephant L.; pl. the descendants of Bhriigu (properly called
{bhRgavaH}; cf. above) MBh. Hariv.; N. of a people MBh. Pur.; ({I}) f. a female
descendant of Bhriigu Pn. 2-4, 65; Bhargava's i.e. S'ukra's daughter R.; N. of Deva-yni
f. MBh. BhP.; of Lakshm L.; of Prvat L.; Panicum Dactylon and another species L.; n.
N. of various Smans rshBr.
bhaarya(a) V*= wife, bride
bhaasa *= m. light , lustre , brightness (often ifc.) MBh. Hariv. Katha1s. ; impression
made on the mind , fancy MW. ; a bird of prey , vulture (L. = %{zakunta} , %{kukkuTa} ,

%{gRdhra} &c.) AdbhBr. A1past. MBh. Hariv. &c. (w.r. %{bhASa}) ; a cow-shed L. ; N.
of a man Ra1jat. ; of a dramatic poet (also called Bha1saka) Ma1lav. Hcar. &c. ; of a son
of a minister of king Candra-prabha Katha1s. ; of a Da1nava ib. ; of a mountain MBh. ;
(%{I}) f. N. of the mother of the vultures (a daughter of Ta1mra1) MBh. Hariv. Pur. ; of a
daughter of Pra1dha1 MBh. ; n. (m. TBr.) N. of a Sa1man Br. S3rS.
bhaaSshaa *= f. speech , language (esp. common or vernacular speech , as opp. to
Vedic or in later times to Sanskr2it) Nir. Pa1n2. Mn. MBh. ; any Pra1kr2it dialect or a
partic. group of 5 of them (viz. Ma1ha1ra1sht2ri , S3auraseni , Ma1gadhi , Pra1cya1 , and
Avanti , also called Pan5ca-vidha1 Bha1sha1 ; cf. under %{prAkRta} , p. 703) Cat. ;
description , definition Bhag. ; (in law) accusation , charge , complaint , plaint Dhu1rtas.
Ya1jn5. Sch. ; N. of Sarasvati L. ; (in music) of a Ra1gin2i.
bhaavana * = n. (for 2. %{bhAvana} see p. 755, col. 1) a forest of rays Ghat2.\\ 2 mf(%
{I})n. (fr. Caus.; for 1. see 2. %{bhA4} p. 750) causing to be, effecting, producing,
displaying, manifesting MBh. Ka1v. BhP.; promoting or effecting any one's (gen. or
comp.) welfare MBh. R. &c.; imagining, fancying, Asht2a1vS.; teaching MBh.; m. a
creator, producer, efficient MBh. Ka1v.; N. of S3iva (= %{dhyAtR}) MBh.; of Vishn2u A.;
of the 22nd Kalpa (q.v.); (%{A}) f. and n. the act of producing or effecting Nir. Sa1h.
BhP.; forming in the mind, conception, apprehension, imagination, supposition, fancy,
thought, meditation (%{bhAvanayA} ind, in thought, in imagination; %{-nAm-bandh},
with loc., to occupy one's imagination with, direct one's thoughts to) MBh. Ka1v.
S3am2k. Veda7ntas. &c.; (in logic) that cause of memory which arises from direct
perception Tarkas.; application of perfumes &c. (= %{adhivAsana}) L.; (%{A}) f.
demonstration, argument, ascertainment Ya1jn5.; feeling of devotion, faith in (loc.)
Pan5cat.; reflection, contemplation (5 kinds with Buddhists MWB. 128); saturating any
powder with fluid, steeping, infusion S3a1rn3gS.; (in arithm.) finding by combination or

composition; (with Jainas) right conception or notion; the moral of a fable HParis3.; N.
of an Upanishad; a crow L.; water L.; n. furthering, promoting MBh.; the fruit of Dillenia
Speciosa L.; (ifc.) nature, essence Ra1matUp.
bhaavanaa * = f. of prec., in comp.
bhaaravaahakam.h = (n) a truck
bhaargava* = mf({I})n. relating to or coming from Bhriigu Up. MBh. &c.; belonging to
S'ukra (cf. below) R.; patr. fr. {bhRgu} (pl. {bhRgavaH}) Pn. 2-4, 65; N. of S'ukra
(regent of the planet Venus and preceptor of the Daityas) R. Var. &c.; of S'iva MBh.; of
Paras'u-rma ib.; of various men (esp. supposed authors of hymns, viz. of Itha, Kali,
Kriitnu, Griitsamada, Cyavana, Jamad-agni, Nema, Prayogs, Vena, Soma7huti and
Syma-ras'mi q.v.; but also of many other writers or mythological personages e.g. of
Ithala, of Riicka, of Dvi-gat, of Dris'na, of Mrkandeya, of Pramati &c.) Br. S'rS. MBh.
RAnukr.; a potter MBh. (Nlak.); an astrologer L.; an archer, a good bowman (like
Paras'u-rma) L.; an elephant L.; pl. the descendants of Bhriigu (properly called
{bhRgavaH}; cf. above) MBh. Hariv.; N. of a people MBh. Pur.; ({I}) f. a female
descendant of Bhriigu Pn. 2-4, 65; Bhargava's i.e. S'ukra's daughter R.; N. of Deva-yni
f. MBh. BhP.; of Lakshm L.; of Prvat L.; Panicum Dactylon and another species L.; n.
N. of various Smans rshBr.
bhaaryaa = wife
bhaaryaa-bhaava = Seventh house of spouse (wife)
bhaaryaanuraagaH = attachment to wife

bhaasa* = m. light, lustre, brightness (often ifc.) MBh. Hariv. Kaths.; impression made
on the mind, fancy MW.; a bird of prey, vulture (L. = {zakunta}, {kukkuTa}, {gRdhra}
&c.) AdbhBr. past. MBh. Hariv. &c. (w.r. {bhASa}); a cow-shed L.; N. of a man Rjat.;
of a dramatic poet (also called Bhsaka) Mlav. Hcar. &c.; of a son of a minister of king
Candra-prabha Kaths.; of a Dnava ib.; of a mountain MBh.; ({I}) f. N. of the mother of
the vultures (a daughter of Tmr) MBh. Hariv. Pur.; of a daughter of Prdh MBh.; n.
(m. TBr.) N. of a Sman Br. S'rS.
bhaashate = (1 ap) to speak
bhaashin.h = one who talks
bhaashh.h = to speak
bhaashhaNa = speech
bhaashhase = speaking
bhaashhaa = language
bhaashhaayaaM = in the language
bhaashhiNi = speaker
bhaashhita = speech
bhaasaH = effulgence

bhaasayate = illuminates
bhaasasya = Bhasa's
bhaashaa* = f. speech, language (esp. common or vernacular speech, as opp. to Vedic or
in later times to Sanskriit) Nir. Pn. Mn. MBh.; any Prkriit dialect or a partic. group of
5 of them (viz. Mhrshthri, S'auraseni, Mgadhi, Prcy, and Avanti, also called
Paca-vidh Bhsh; cf. under {prAkRta}, p. 703) Cat.; description, definition Bhag.; (in
law) accusation, charge, complaint, plaint Dhrtas. Yj. Sch.; N. of Sarasvati L.; (in
music) of a Rgini.
bhaaskra = a name of Sun
bhaasvataa = glowing
bhaashitapuMska * = mfn. = {ukta-puMska} (q.v.) Pn. 6-3, 34 &c. ({-tva} n. vii, 3, 48
Sch.)
bhaashitavya * = mfn. to be spoken to or addressed R. (v.l. for {bhajitavya}).
bhaa4shitR * = mfn. speaking, a speaker, talker (with acc, or ifc.) S'Br. MBh. &c.
bhaashita * = mfn. spoken, uttered, said; spoken to, addressed Mn. MBh. &c.; n. speech,
language, talk i
bhaashin* = mfn. saying, speaking, loquacious (mostly ifc.) MBh. Kv. &c.
bhaasin * = mfn. shining, brilliant (see {Urdhva-} and {jyotir-bh-}).

bhaashinah: V: foretelling, speaking as a sign

3a1rn3gS.; (in arithm.) finding by combination or composition; (with Jainas) right
conception or notion; the moral of a fable HParis3.; N. of an Upanishad; a crow L.; water
L.; n. furthering, promoting MBh.; the fruit of Dillenia Speciosa L.; (ifc.) nature, essence
Ra1matUp.
bhaati = light //* = f. light, splendour BhP.; evidence, perception, knowledge ib. [751,1]
bhaata * = mfn. shining, appearing &c.; = {prabhAta} L.; n. (impers.) appearance has
been made by (instr.) BhP.
bhaatha * = m. or n. ( {bhaT}) wages, hire, rent L.
bhaava * = becoming, being, existing, occurring, appearance; turning or transition into;
continuance, continuity of the thread of existence through successive births Buddh.;
state, condition, rank (with {sthAvira}, old age, euphem. = he dies; state of being
anything,, the state of being a child, childhood; sometimes added pleonastically to an
abstract noun, the state of thinness.; true condition or state, truth, reality; manner of
being, nature, temperament, character
bhaava * = m. ( {bhU}) becoming, being, existing, occurring, appearance S'vetUp.
KtyS'r. &c. [754, 2]; turning or transition into (loc. or comp.) MBh. RPrt.; continuance
(opp. to cessation; {eko7ti-bhAva}, continuity of the thread of existence through
successive births Buddh., wrongly translated under {eko7ti-bh-}) MBh.; state, condition,
rank (with {sthAvira}, old age; {anyam bhAvam Apadyate}, euphem. = he dies; state of
being anything, esp. ifc. e.g. {bAlabhAva}, the state of being a child, childhood =

{bAlatA}, or {tva}; sometimes added pleonastically to an abstract noun e.g. {tanutAbhAva}, the state of thinness) Up. S'rS. MBh. &c.; true condition or state, truth, reality
(ibc. and {bhAvena} ind. really, truly) MBh. Hariv.; manner of being, nature,
temperament, character ({eko bhAvaH} or {eka-bh-}, a simple or artless nature; {bhAvo
bhAvaM nigacchati} = birds of a feather flock together) MBh. Kv. &c.; manner of
acting, conduct, behaviour Kv. Sh.; any state of mind or body, way of thinking or
feeling, sentiment, opinion, disposition, intention ({yAdRzena bhAvena}, with whatever
disposition of mind; {bhAvam amaGgalaM-kR}, with loc., to be ill disposed against;
{bhAvaM dRDhaM-kR}, to make a firm resolution) Mn. MBh. &c.; (in rhet.) passion,
emotion (2 kinds of Bhvas are enumerated, the {sthAyin} or primary, and
{vyabhicArin} or subordinate; the former are 8 or 9 according as the Rasas or
sentiments are taken to be 8 or 9; the latter 33 or 34) Kv. Sh. Pratp. &c.; conjecture,
supposition Mn. Pacat.; purport, meaning, sense ({iti bhAvaH}, `" such is the sense "' =
{ity arthaH} or {ity abhiprA7yaH}, constantly used by commentators at the end of their
explanations); love, affection, attachment ({bhAvaM-kR}, with loc., to feel an affection
for) MBh. Kv. &c.; the seat of the feelings or affections, heart, soul, mind ({parituSTena
bhAvena}, with a pleased mind) S'vetUp. Mn. MBh. &c.; that which is or exists, thing or
substance, being or living creature ({sarva-bhAvAH}, all earthly objects; {bhAvAH
sthAvara-jaGgamAH}, plants and animals) MundUp. MBh. &c.; (in dram.) a discreet or
learned man (as a term of address = respected sir) Mriicch. Mlav. Mlatm.; (in
astron.) the state or condition of a planet L.; an astrological house or lunar mansion ib.;
N. of the 27th Kalpa (s.v.) ib.; of the 8th (42nd) year in Jupiter's cycle of 60 years
VarBriS.; (in gram.) the fundamental notion of the verb, the sense conveyed by the
abstract noun (esp. as a term for an impersonal passive or neuter verb having neither
agent nor object expressed e.g. {pacyate}, `" there is cooking "' or `" cooking is going on
"') Pn. 3-1, 66; 107 &c.; N. of the author of the Bhvaprkas'a (= {mizra-bhAva}) Cat.;
wanton sport, dalliance L.; birth L.; place of birth, the womb L.; the world, universe L.;

an organ of sense L.; superhuman power L.; the Supreme Being L.; advice, instruction
L.; contemplation, meditation L. (cf. {-samanvita}).
bhaava = House and is also used to indicate the chart that uses Porphyry's Cusps
bhaavaH = endurance
bhaavaM = nature
bhaavanaa = fixed mind (in happiness) // *= f. of prec., in comp.* = n. (for 2. %
{bhAvana} see p. 755, col. 1) a forest of rays Ghat2.//2 mf(%{I})n. (fr. Caus.; for 1. see 2.
%{bhA4} p. 750) causing to be, effecting, producing, displaying, manifesting MBh. Ka1v.
BhP.; promoting or effecting any one's (gen. or comp.) welfare MBh. R. &c.; imagining,
fancying, Asht2a1vS.; teaching MBh.; m. a creator, producer, efficient MBh. Ka1v.; N. of
S3iva (= %{dhyAtR}) MBh.; of Vishn2u A.; of the 22nd Kalpa (q.v.); (%{A}) f. and n. the
act of producing or effecting Nir. Sa1h. BhP.; forming in the mind, conception,
apprehension, imagination, supposition, fancy, thought, meditation (%{bhAvanayA} ind,
in thought, in imagination; %{-nAm-bandh}, with loc., to occupy one's imagination with,
direct one's thoughts to) MBh. Ka1v. S3am2k. Veda7ntas. &c.; (in logic) that cause of
memory which arises from direct perception Tarkas.; application of perfumes &c. (= %
{adhivAsana}) L.; (%{A}) f. demonstration, argument, ascertainment Ya1jn5.; feeling of
devotion, faith in (loc.) Pan5cat.; reflection, contemplation (5 kinds with Buddhists
MWB. 128); saturating any powder with fluid, steeping, infusion S3a1rn3gS.; (in
arithm.) finding by combination or composition; (with Jainas) right conception or
notion; the moral of a fable HParis3.; N. of an Upanishad; a crow L.; water L.; n.
furthering, promoting MBh.; the fruit of Dillenia Speciosa L.; (ifc.) nature, essence
Ra1matUp.

bhaavaya = deem/consider/visualise/imagine
bhaavayataa = having pleased
bhaavayantaH = pleasing one another
bhaavayantu = will please
bhaavasamanvitaH = with great attention
bhaavaaH = natures
bhaavitaaH = remembering
bhaavaiH = by the states of beingbhaaveshhu = natures cintyah
bhaavya4* = mfn. (fr. {bhU} or its Caus.) future, about to be or what ought to be or
become RV. &c. &c. (in later language often used as fut. tense of {bhU}; cf. {bhAvin}); to
be effected or accomplished or performed Kum. BhP.; to be apprehended or perceived
Kaths.; to be (or being) imagined or conceived, AshthvS. (cf. {dur-bh-}); easy to guess
or understand Vm.; to be (or being) argued or demonstrated or admitted or approved
Yj. Kv.; to be convicted Mn. viii, 60; m. N. of a man (= {bhAvayavya} Nir.) RV. i, 126,
1 (others `" to be worshipped "', others `" future "'); of a king (= {bhAvya-ratha} or
{bhAnu-ratha}) VP.; n. (impers.) it is to be by (instr, ) Mn. v, 150; it should be
understood Mriicch. Sch.
bhaDa* = m. N. of a partic. mixed caste Cat. (cf. {bhaTa})

bhadraM = (Nr.nom. + acc.sing.)goodness

bhadra* = mf({A4})n. blessed, auspicious, fortunate, prosperous, happy RV. &c. &c.;
good, gracious, friendly, kind ib.; excellent, fair, beautiful, lovely, pleasant, dear ib.;
good i.e. skilful in (loc.) MBh. iv, 305; great L.; (with {nRpati} m. a good or gracious king
Yj.; with {kAnta} m. a beautiful lover or husband Pacat.; with {diz} f. the auspicious
quarter i.e. the south MBh.; with {vAc} f. kind or friendly speech BhP.; voc. m. and f. sg.
and pl. {bhadra}, {-dre}, {-drAH}, often in familiar address = my good sir or lady, my
dear or my dears, good people Mn. MBh. &c.; {a4m} and {a4yA} ind, happily,
fortunately, joyfully RV. AV.; {-am} with {kR} or {A-car}, to do well Hit.); m. (prob.) a
sanctimonious hypocrite Mn. ix, 259 (v.l. {-dra-pre7kSaNikaiH}); a partic. kind of
elephant R. (also N. of a world elephant ib.) a bullock L.; a water wagtail Var. (cf. {nAman}); Nauclea Cadamba or Tithymalus Antiquorum L.; N. of S'iva L.; of mount
Meru L.; of a class of gods (pl.) under the third Manu BhP.; of a people (pl.) AV.Paris'.;
of one of the 12 sons of Vishnu and one of the Tushita deities in the Svyambhava Manvantara BhP.; (with Jainas) of the third of the 9 white Balas L.; of a son of Vasu-deva and
Devak (or Paurav) BhP. Kaths.; of a son of Kriishna BhP.; of a son of Upacrumat
Buddh.; of an actor Hariv.; of a friend of Bna Vs., Introd.; (with Buddhists) N. of a
partic. world; ({A}) f. a cow L.; N. of various plants (= {anantA}, {aparijAtA}, {kRSNA},
{jIvantI}, {nIlI}, {rAsnA} &c.) L. [746,1]; N. of a metre Col.; of the 2nd, 7th and 12th days
of the lunar fortnight W.; of the 7th movable Karana (s.v.; cf. also 2. {bhadrA-karaNa});
of a form of Durg VP.; of a goddess Pacar.; of a Buddhist deity L.; of a S'akti Hcat.; of
Dkshyan in Bhadre7s'vara Cat.; of a Vidy-dhar R.; of a Sura7ngan Sinha7s.; of a
daughter of Surabhi R.; of a wife of Vasu-devi Hariv. Pur.; of the wife of Vais'ravana
MBh.; of a daughter of Soma and wife of Utathya ib.; of a daughter of Raudrs'va and
the Apsaras Ghriitc Hariv.; of a Kkshvat and wife of Vyushita7s'va MBh.; of a
daughter of Meru and wife of Bhadra7s'va BhP.; of a daughter of S'ruta-krti and wife of

Kriishna BhP.; of various rivers (esp. of one described as rising on the northern summit
of Meru and flowing through Uttarakuru into the northern ocean) Pur.; the celestial
Ganges L.; of a lake Hcat.; n. prosperity, happiness, health, welfare, good fortune (also
pl.) RV. &c. &c. ({bhadraM tasya} or {tasmai}, prosperity to him! Pn. 2-3, 73;
{bhadraM te} or {vaH} often used parenthetically in a sentence = `" if you please "', or to
fill up a verse; {bhadram upalAh}, happiness to you, O stones! S'ntis'.; {bhadram} with
{kR} and dat., to grant welfare to, bless RV.); gold L.; iron or steel L.; kind of Cyperus (=
{-musta}) L.; a partic. posture in sitting Cat.; a partic. Karana L. (cf. f.); a partic. mystic
sign AgP.; a partic. part of a house Nalac.; N. of various Smans rshBr.
bhadraa* = 1 f. of {bhadra}, in comp. -1.
bhadraa* = 2 ind. (g. {sA7kSAd-Adi}), in comp. -2.
bhadraa* =1 f. of {bhadra}, in comp. -1.\\2 ind. (g. {sA7kSAd-Adi}), in comp. -2.
bhadraaH = goodness
bhadraasana = the auspicious posture.
bhadrapada* = n. N. of a metre Col. [746,2]; ({A}) f. N. of the 3rd and 4th lunar
asterisms Var. &c. (also n.; {-dA-yoga} m. N. of ch. of Bhaththo7tpala's Comm. on
VarBriS.)
bhadrapAda* = mfn. born under the Nakshatra Bhadra-pad Pn. 7-3, 18 Sch.
bhaga * m. (ifc. f. {A} and {I} g. {bahv-Adi}) `" dispenser "', gracious lord, patron
(applied to gods, esp. to Savitrii) RV. AV.; N. of an ditya (bestowing wealth and

presiding over love and marriage, brother of the Dawn, regent of the Nakshatra UttaraPhalgun; Yska enumerates him among the divinities of the highest sphere; according to
a later legend his eyes were destroyed by Rudra) ib. &c. &c. [743, 3]; the Nakshatra
UUttara-PhPhalgun MBh. vi, 81; the sun ib. iii, 146; the moon L.; N. of a Rudra
MBh.; good fortune, happiness, welfare, prosperity RV. AV. Br. Yj. BhP.; (ifc. f. {A})
dignity, majesty, distinction, excellence, beauty, loveliness RV. AV. Br. GriS. BhP.; (also
n. L.) love, affection, sexual passion, amorous pleasure, dalliance RV. AV. Br. KtyS'r.
BhP.; (n. L.; ifc. f. {A}) the female organs, pudendum muliebre, vulva Mn. MBh. &c.;
({A}) f. in {bhagA-nAmnI} below; n. a partic. Muhrta Cat.; the perinaeum of males L.;
m. n. = {yatna}, {prayatna}, {kIrti}, {yazas}, {vairAgya}, {icchA}, {jJAna}, {mukti},
{mokSa}, {dharma}, s'r L. [Cf. Zd. {bagha = Old Pers. {baga}; Gk. $; &226046[743, 3]
Slav. {bogu8}, {bogatu8}; Lith. {bago4tas}, {na-ba4gas}.],
bhagna * (see also bhanga/bhaGga)=. broken (lit. and fig.), shattered, split, torn,
defeated, checked, frustrated, disturbed, disappointed Mn. MBh. &c. (sometimes
forming the first instead of the second part of a comp. e.g. {grIvA-bhagna}, {dharma-bh} for {bhagna-grIva}, {-dharma}; also `" one who has broken a limb "' BhP.); bent,
curved R.; lost Mn. viii, 148; n. the fracture of a leg Sus'r.
bhagavat.h = God
bhagavat * = ind. like a vulva Vishn. Sch. -2.
bha4ga-vat * = 2 mfn. (for 1. see under {bha4ga}) possessing fortune, fortunate,
prosperous, happy RV. AV. GriS. BhP.; glorious, illustrious, divine, adorable, venerable
AV. &c. &c.; holy (applied to gods, demigods, and saints ae a term of address, either in
voc. {bhagavan}, {bhagavas}, {bhagos} [cf. Pn. 8-3, 1 Vrtt. 2 Pat., and viii, 3, 17] f.

{bhagavatI} m. pl. {bhagavantaH}; or in nom. with 3. sg. of the verb; with Buddhists
often prefixed to the titles of their sacred writings); m. `" the divine or adorable one "'N.
of Vishnu-Kriishna Bhag. BhP.; of S'iva Kaths.; of a Buddha or a Bodhi-sattva or a Jina
Buddh. (cf. MWB. 23); ({I}) f. see below.
bhagavad.h = god's
bhagavad.hgiitaa = the dialogues between Krishna and Arjuna
bhagavan.h = O Supreme
bhagavaan.h = O Personality of Godhead
bhagavaana = holy
bhaginii = sister
bhagneshakaarmukaH = the man who broke the bow of Isha(shiva) i.e. rAma
bhaGga (bhan'ga) *= mfn. breaking, bursting (said of the Soma) RV. ix, 61, 13; m.
breaking, splitting, dividing, shattering, breaking down or up VS. &c. &c.; a break or
breach (lit. and fig.), disturbance, interruption, frustration, humiliation, abatement,
downfall, decay, ruin, destruction Mn. MBh. &c.; fracture (see %{asthi-bh-}); paralysis,
palsy L.; bending, bowing, stretching out (see %{karNa-}, %{gAtra-}, %{-grIvA-bh-});
knitting, contraction (see %{bhrU-bh-}); separation, analysis (of words) Sa1h.;
overthrow, rout, defeat (also in a lawsuit) Hit. Ka1m. Ya1jn5. Sch.; rejection, refusal
Ka1lid.; refutation Sarvad.; panic, fear Ra1jat.; pain (see %{pArzva-bh-}); a piece broken
off, morsel, fragment Ka1lid. Ka1d.; a bend, fold, Sah. (cf. %{vastra-bh-}); a wave Ragh.

Gi1t. [cf. Lith. {banga4}]; a water-course, channel L.; fraud, deceit L.; a tortuous course,
roundabout way of speaking (= or w.r. for %{bhaGgi}) Sarvad.; toilet, fashion (for %
{bhaGgi}?) Var.; = %{gamana} L.; N. of a serpent-demon MBh.; (with Buddhists) the
constant decay taking place in the universe, constant flux or change; (with Jainas) a
dialectical formula beginning with %{syAt} q.v.; (%{bhaGga4}) m. hemp AV.; (%{A}) f.
see below.
bhairava = terrible, one of the forms of Shiva
bhaikshyaM = by begging
bhaj *= cl. I. P. A1. (Dha1tup. xxxiii , 29) %{bha4jati} , %{-te} (2. sg. as Impv. %
{bhakSi} RV. ; pf. P. %{babhA4ja} A1. %{bheje4} RV. &c. ; 2. sg. %{babhaktha} S3Br. ;
%{bhejitha} Pa1n2. 6-4 , 122 ; aor. P. 2. 3. sg. %{abhAk} RV. Br. ; %{abhAkSIt} , %{kSus} BhP. ; Subj. %{bhakSat} RV. ; A1. %{a4bhakSi} , %{-kta} RV. &c. ; Prec. A1. %
{bhakSIya4} RV. ; 3. sg. %{-kSISTa} Br. ; %{-kSIta} SV. ; fut. %{bhakSyati} , %{-te} Br.
&c. ; %{bhajiSyati} , %{-te} MBh. &c. ; %{bhaktA} Gr. ; inf. %{bhaktum} Br. &c. ; %
{bhajitum} MBh. ; ind. p. %{bhaktvA} AV. &c. , %{-tvAya} RV. ; %{-bhajya} and %{bhA4jam} Br.) , to divide , distribute , allot or apportion to (dat. or gen.) , share with
(instr.) RV. &c. &c. ; (A1.) to grant , bestow , furnish , supply ib. ; A1. (rarely P.) to obtain
as one's share , receive as (two acc.) , partake of , enjoy (also carnally) , possess , have
(acc. , Ved. also gen.) ib. ; (A1. , rarely P.) to turn or resort to , engage in , assume (as a
form) , put on (garments) , experience , incur , undergo , feel , go or fall into (with acc. ,
esp. of abstract noun e.g. %{bhItim} , to feel terror ; %{nidrAm} , to fall asleep ; %
{maunam} , to become silent) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; to pursue , practise , cultivate Mn. R.
Sus3r. ; to fall to the lot or share of (acc.) MBh. R. &c. ; to declare for , prefer , choose
(e.g. as a servant) MBh. ; to serve , honour , revere , love , adore MBh. Ka1v. &c.: Caus. %

{bhAja4yate} , %{-te} (aor. %{abIbhajuH} S3Br. , %{ababhAjat} Gr.) , to divide Su1ryas.

; to deal out , distribute Gaut. ; to cause any one (acc.) to partake of or enjoy (acc. or
gen.) RV. S3Br. ; to put to flight , pursue , chase , drive into (acc.) Bhat2t2. ; to cook ,
dress (food) Vop.: Desid. %{bibhakSati} , %{-te} MBh. (cf. %{bhikS}): Intens. %
{bAbhajyate} , %{bAbhakti} , Gr2. [Cf. Gk. $ ; Lat. &225876[743 ,1] {fa1gus} ; Goth. Old
S. {bo1k} ; Germ. {Buch} , {Buchstabe} ; Eng. {buck-} , {beech}.]
bhaj.h = to practice / incur
bhaja = worship
bhajaka* = m. a distributer, apportioner (see {civara-bh-}); a worshipper MW.
bhajana* = m. N. of a prince VP.; n. the act of sharing W.; possession ib.; (ifc.)
reverence, worship, adoration Prab. Sch. (also {-tA} f. with loc. Cn.); {-vArika} m. a
partic. official in a Buddhist monastery L.; {-nA7nanda} m. N. of an author Cat.; {nA7mRta} n. N. of wk.
bhajaka = worshippers
bhajataaM = in rendering devotional service
bhajati = (1 pp) to divide, to allocate
bhajate = renders transcendental loving service
bhajanIya* = mfn. to be loved or revered or waited upon, venerable MBh. BhP.

bhajana = a hymn* = m. N. of a prince VP.; n. the act of sharing W.; possession ib.; (ifc.)
reverence, worship, adoration Prab. Sch. (also {-tA} f. with loc. Cn.); {-vArika} m. a
partic. official in a Buddhist monastery L.; {-nA7nanda} m. N. of an author Cat.; {nA7mRta} n. N. of wk.
bhajanti = render service
bhajante = render services
bhajasva = be engaged in loving service
bhajaama *V= we allot, we get, let us worship
bhajaami = reward
bhaje = I worship
bhajaina = (f) where to your erection
bhajamaana *= mfn. apportioning &c. MBh. ; fitting , meet , appropriate L. ; N. of
various princes Hariv. Pur.
bhakataH = devotee
bhakta = devotee
bhaktaH = devotee

bhaktaaH = devotees
bhaktaanukaMpinaaM = compassionate to the devotees
bhakti = devotion, worship
bhaktiM = devotional service
bhaktiH = in devotional service
bhaktimaan.h = devotee
bhaktiyogena = by devotional service
bhaktimat =* mfn. = %{-bhAj} MBh. Ka1v. &c.; accompanied by devotion or loyalty
BhP.
bhakteshhu = amongst devotees
bhaktyaa = in full devotion
bhaktyupahritaM = offered in devotion
bhaksha = Food
bhakshayati = (10 up) to eat, to devour
bhakshaNa* = mfn. eating, one who eats (cf. {dADima-}, {pApa-bh-}); n. the act of

eating, drinking, feeding S'rS. Nir. MBh. &c.; eating what excites thirst L.; chewing L.;
the being eaten by (instr.) Mn. R.; ({bha4-}) a drinking vessel RV.
bhakshaNIya* = mfn. to be (or being) eaten Pacat.; {-tA} f. eatableness S'rngP.
bhakshayitavya* = mfn. to be eaten or devoured, edible MBh. Pacat.
bhakshayitR* = m. an eater, enjoyer MBh.
bhakshaTaka* = m. a variety of Asteracantha Longifolia L.
bhakshaalii* = f. N. of a place g. {dhUmA7di} (not in Ks'.)
bhaksha* = m. drinking or eating, drink or (in later language) food RV. &c. &c. (often
ifc., with f. {A}, having anything for food or beverage, eating, drinking, living upon); {kAra} m. `" food-maker "', a cook, baker L.; {-M-kAra4} mfn. furnishing food MaitrS.
(cf. Pn. 6-3, 72 Vrtt. 2 Pat.); {-MkRta} ({-kSa4M-}) mfn. drunk or eaten, enjoyed TS.
s'vS'r.; {-japa} m. the prayer muttered while drinking Soma s'vS'r.; {-pattrI} f. betelpepper (the leaf of which serves for food) L.; {-bIja} w.r. for {bhakSya-b-}; {-mantra} m.
a verse spoken while drinking Soma S'nkhS'r.
bhalla * = mfn. auspicious, favourable (= {bhadra} or {ziva}) L.; m. a bear Hit. (cf.
{accha-bhalla}, {bhalluka}, {bhallUka}); a term used in addressing the Sun (only dat.;
cf. 2. {bhala}) MantraBr. Gobh.; (pl.) N. of a people Pn. 5-3, 114. Sch. (v.l. {malla}); N.
of S'iva (cf. above); a kind of arrow or missile with a point of a partic. shape MBh. Kv.
&c. (also {I} f. and n.); a partic. part of an arrow MBh.; ({I}) f. Semecarpus Anacardium
Bhpr.; n. an arrow-head of a partic. shape S'rngP.

bhallatakaH = (m) cashewnut

bhallukaH = (m) bear
bhaMbhaM = (v) to fuck up the ass
bhaN *= cl. 1. P. (Dha1tup. xiii, 4) %{bhaNati} (pf. %{babhANa}, 2. sg. %{babhaNitha}
Pa1n2. 6-4, 121 Sch. ; aor. %{abhANIt} Bhat2t2. ; fut. %{bhaNiSyati}, %{-NitA} Gr. ;
ind. p. %{bhaNitvA} Pan5cat. ; inf. %{bhaNitum} Gr.: Pass. %{bhaNyate} BhP. ; aor. %
{abhANi} Bhat2t2.), to speak, say to (acc. with or without %{prati}) Var. Das3. Pan5cat.
; to call, name (two acc.) Vet.: Caus. %{bhANayati} ; aor. %{abIbhaNat}, or %
{ababhANat} Siddh. Vop. (Prob. a later form of %{bhan}.)
bhan *= cl. 1. P. %{bha4nati} (prob. connected with %{bhA} ; cf. the later form %
{bhaN}), to sound, resound, call aloud, speak, declare RV. (= %{arcati} Naigh. iii, 14).
bha.nga = (masc) break
bhangura V: perishable, breakable, to be lost, transient
bhaNT* = cl. 10. P. {bhaNTayati}, to deceive Dhtup. xxxii, 50 Vop.
bhaNTuka* = m. Calosanthes Indica L. (v.l. {bhaNDuka}).
bhaNDu* = g. {suvAstv-Adi}.
bhandhuka* = or {-dhruka} m. N. of a place SkandaP.

bhar = (v) to bear, carry

bhara * = mf({A})n. ( {bhR}) bearing, carrying, bringing; bestowing, granting;
maintaining, supporting (mostly ifc.; cf. {Rtam-}, {kulam-}, {deham-}, {vAjam-bh-} and
c.); m. (ifc. f. {A}) the act of bearing or carrying &c.; carrying away or what is carried
away, gain, prize, booty RV. AV.; war, battle, contest ib.; a burden, load, weight (also a
partic. measure of weight = {bhAra} q.v. L.) Hariv. Kv. &c. (acc. with {kR}, to place
one's weight, support one's self Hit.); a large quantity, great number, mass, bulk,
multitude, abundance, excess Kv. Kaths. &c. ({bhareNa} and {-rAt} ind. in full
measure, with all one's might Kd.); raising the voice, shout or song of praise RV.; n. du.
(with {indrasya}, or {vasiSThasya}) N. of 2 Smans rshBr.
bharadvaaja* = ({bhara4d-}) m. `" bearing "' speed or strength (of flight) "', a skylark
R.; N. of a Riishi (with the patr. Brhaspatya, supposed author of RV. vi, 1-30; 37-43;
53-74; ix, 67. 1-3; x, 137, 1, and Purohita of Diva-dsa, with whom he is perhaps
identical; BhBharad is also considered as one of the 7 sages and the author of a lawbook) RV. &c. &c. ({-jasya a-dAra-sRt} and {a-dAra-sRtau}, {arkau}, {upahavau},
{gAdham}, {nakAni}, {prizninI}, {prAsAham}, {bRhat}, {maukSe}, {yajJA7yajJIyam},
{lomanI}, {vAja-karmIyam}, {vAja-bhRt}, {viSamANi}, {vratam}, {sundhyuH} and
{saindhukSitAni}N. of Smans ArshBr.); of an Arhat Buddh.; of a district Pn. 4-2, 145;
of an Agni MBh.; of various authors Cat.; pl. the race or family of Bharad-vja RV.; {gArga-pariNaya-pratiSedha-vAdA7rtha} m. N. of wk.; {-dhanvantari} m. N. of a divine
being S'nkhGri.; {-pravraska} n. N. of AV. ii, 12; {-prAdur-bhAva} m. N. of ch. of Bhpr.;
{-zikSA} f. {-saMhitA} f. {-sUtra} n. {-smRti} f. N. of wks.
bharaNi = jewel

bharaNii = Second nakshatra

bharata = Bharat
bharatarshhabha = O chief amongst the descendants of Bharata
bharatava.nditaH = the who has been saluted by Bharata
bharatashreshhTha = O chief of the Bharatas
bharatasattama = O best of the Bharatas
bharataagraja = the one going before Bharata (elder of bharata)
bharjanaM = nourisher?
bharjayati = to fry
bharjita * = mfn. (fr. Caus.) roasted, fried Sus'r.; destroyed, annihilated
bhartaa = sustainer
bhartR * =m. (once in S'Br. {bha4rtR}) a bearer [cf. Lat. {fertor}], one who bears or
carries or maintains (with gen. or ifc.) RV. S'Br. MBh.; a preserver, protector,
maintainer, chief, lord, master RV. &c. &c. ({trI4} f. a female supporter or nourisher, a
mother AV. Kaus'. TBr.); ({bha4rtR}) m. a husband RV. v, 58, 7 Mn. MBh. &c.
bhartR4-tva * =n. (MBh. &c.) masterhood, husbandship; {-tAMgata} mfn. subject,

married W.
bhartRka * =ifc. (f. {A}) = {bhartR}, a husband (cf. {pro7Sita-}, {mRta-}, {svA7dhInabh-}).
bhartrima * =(?) mfn. maintained, nourished, supported W.
bhasha* = mf({I})n. barking, yelping, chiding VS. (cf. g. {pacA7di}); m. a dog L.; ({A}) f.
a species of plant L.; ({I}) f. a bitch L.
bhashhati = to bark
bhashita * = n. barking L.
bhasita * = mfn. reduced to ashes BhP.; n. ashes Bhm.
bhastrikaa = the bellows breath
bhasma = ash
bhasmaM = ashes
bhasmasaat.h = to burn to ashes
bhasmaavasheshhaM = ashes+remains
bhaTTakavaara = Sunday

bhatha * = m. (fr. {bhRta}) a mercenary, hired soldier, warrior, combatant MBh. Kv.
&c.; a servant, slave Kvya7d. VP.; a humpback Gal.; N. of a serpent-demon Buddh.; =
{arya-bhaTa} (cf. below); pl. N. of a degraded tribe L. (cf. {bhaTTa}, {bhaDa},
{bhaNDa}; according to some `" a person whose father is a Brhman and whose mother
is a Nath "'); ({A}) f. coloquintida.
bhauma* = mf({I})n. relating or dedicated to the earth, produced or coming from the
earth, earthly, terrestrial VS. &c. &c. (with {naraka} m. = hell on earth MBh.; with
{brahman} n. = the Veda ib.); consisting or made of earth, earthy PacavBr. KtyS'r.
MBh. &c.; coming from the land (as revenue &c.) L.; (fr. {bhauma}, the planet Mars)
relating to the plplanet Mars or to his day, falling on Tuesday Vet.; m. a red-flowering
Punar-nav L.; = {ambara} L.; N. of the 27th Muhrta L.; metron. of a partic. earthdeity GriS.; of Atri RAnukr.; of the Daitya Naraka MBh.; of the planet Mars (whose day is
Tuesday) ib. Var. Pur. &c.; m. or n. N. of AV. xii, 1; ({I}) f. `" produced from the earth
"'N. of Sit L.; n. dust of the earth (pl.) MBh.; corn, grain past.; (only ifc.) floor, story
MBh. R.
bhaumacAra* = m. `" the course of the planet Mars "', N. of a ch. of Bhaththo7tpala's
Comm. on VarBriS.
bhaumavAra* = m. `" Mars-day "', Tuesday KtyS'r. Sch.; {-vratavidhi} m. N. of wk.
bhaumaka* = m. any animal living in the earth AdbhBr.
bhaumana* = m. N. of Vis'va-karman MBh. (prob. w.r. for {bhauvana}).
bhavaami = I become

bhavaan.h = you
bhava * = m. ( {bhU}) coming info existence, birth, production, origin (= {bhAva} Vop.;
ifc., with f. {A} = arising or produced from, being in, relating to) Yj. MBh. Kv. &c.;
becoming, turning into (comp.) Kthh.; being, state of being, existence, life (= {sat-tA}
L.) S'rngP. (cf. {bhavA7ntara}); worldly existence, the world (= {saMsAra} L.) Kv.
Pur. [749, 1]; (with Buddhists) continuity of becoming (a link in the twelvefold chain of
causation) Dharmas. 42 (MWB. 102); well-being, prosperity, welfare, excellence (=
{zreyas} L.) MBh. Kv. &c.; obtaining, acquisition (= {Apti}, {prA7pti}) L.; a god, deity.
W.; N. of Agni S'Br.; of a deity attending on Rudra and frequently connected with S'arva
(later N. of S'iva or a form of S'iva; or N. of a Rudra, and as such of the number 11 or of
the 11th lunar mansion Gol. Var. Sch.; du. {bhavau} = Bhava i.e. S'iva and his wife
Bhavn BhP.; cf. Vm. v, 2, 1) AV. &c. &c.; of the 1st and 4th Kalpa Cat.; of a Sdhya
VP.; of a king MBh.; of a son of Pratihartrii VP.; of Viloman ib.; of a rich man Buddh.; of
an author Cat.; n. the fruit of Dillenia Speciosa L.; = {bhavya}, {bhaviSya}, {bhAvana} L.
bhavaaya = for the sake of the world
bhavaarNava = bhava+arNava, birth\&death+ocean
bhavaH = birth
bhava* = m. ( {bhU}) coming info existence, birth, production, origin (= {bhAva} Vop.;
ifc., with f. {A} = arising or produced from, being in, relating to) Yj. MBh. Kv. &c.;
becoming, turning into (comp.) Kthh.; being, state of being, existence, life (= {sat-tA}
L.) S'rngP. (cf. {bhavA7ntara}); worldly existence, the world (= {saMsAra} L.) Kv.
Pur. [749, 1]; (with Buddhists) continuity of becoming (a link in the twelvefold chain of

causation) Dharmas. 42 (MWB. 102); well-being, prosperity, welfare, excellence (=

{zreyas} L.) MBh. Kv. &c.; obtaining, acquisition (= {Apti}, {prA7pti}) L.; a god, deity.
W.; N. of Agni S'Br.; of a deity attending on Rudra and frequently connected with S'arva
(later N. of S'iva or a form of S'iva; or N. of a Rudra, and as such of the number 11 or of
the 11th lunar mansion Gol. Var. Sch.; du. {bhavau} = Bhava i.e. S'iva and his wife
Bhavn BhP.; cf. Vm. v, 2, 1) AV. &c. &c.; of the 1st and 4th Kalpa Cat.; of a Sdhya
VP.; of a king MBh.; of a son of Pratihartrii VP.; of Viloman ib.; of a rich man Buddh.; of
an author Cat.; n. the fruit of Dillenia Speciosa L.; = {bhavya}, {bhaviSya}, {bhAvana} L.
bhavaa in comp. before {d} for {bhavat}.
bhavaketu * m. N. of a partic. phenomenon in the sky Var.
bhavacandra * m. N. of a man Cat.
bhavadiya: A* given by your,
bhava4-jala * n. the water (or ocean) of worldly existence Kv.
bhava4-bhaGga * m. annihilation of wworldly exexistence, delivery from births or
transmigration Hcat.
bhava4-maya * mf({I})n. consisting of or produced from S'iva MBh.
bhavana = home, residence, place* = n. (m. g. %{ardharcA7di}) a place of abode,
mansion, home, house, palace, dwelling (ifc. f. %{A}) Mn. Mbh. &c.; horoscope, natal
star (see %{bhavane7za}); m. N. of a R2ishi in the 2nd Manvantara VP.; a dog L.; n.
coming into existence, birth, production Kap. Sch. Ka1s3. on Pa1n2. 1-4, 31; a site,

receptacle (ifc.) Pan5cat.; the place where anything grows (ifc.= field cf. %{zAli-bh-}); =
%{bhuvana}, water L.
bhavaneshhu = in the homes of
bhavantaM = You
bhavantaH = you
bhavanti = grow
bhava.ntu = let them be or become
bhava4-rasa * m. delight in wworldly exexistence Sinha7s.
bhavat * = mf(%{antI})n. being, present RV. &c. &c.; m.f, (nom. %{bha4vAn}, %{-vatI};
voc. %{bhavan} or %{bhos} q.v.; f. %{-vati}; cf. Mn. ii, 49) your honour, your worship,
your lordship or ladyship, you (lit. `" the gentleman or lady present "'; cf. %{atra-} and %
{tatra-bh-}; used respectfully for the 2nd pers. pron., but properly with the 3rd and only
exceptionally with the 2nd pers. of the verb e.g. %{bhavAn@dadAtu}, `" let your
highness give "'; sometimes in pl. to express greater courtesy e.g. %
{bhavantaH@pramANam}, `" your honour is an authority "') S3Br. &c.; (%{antI}) f. the
present tense Pat.; (%{atI}) f. a partic.kind of poisoned arrow L.
bhavataH = Thy
bhavataraNe = for crossing the ocean of births \& deaths

bhavati = becomes
bhavatii = you
bhavatu = let there be
bhava4-viti * f. liberation from the world, cessation of worldly acts Kir.
bhava4-vyaya * m. du. birth and dissolution Bhag
bhavabiijaanaaM = the birth-seeds
bhavasaagaraM = the ocean of births and deaths
bhav.h = to be
bhavi = future
bhavitaa = will come to be
bhavishya = future, of future
bhavishhya = future
bhavishhyataaM = of future manifestations
bhavishhyati = it will increase in the future

bhavishhyanti = will be
bhavishhyaaNi = future
bhavishhyaamaH = shall exist
bhavet.h = would be
bhavya* = mfn. being, existing, present RV. &c. &c.; to be about to be or become, future
(= {bhAvin}) MrkP. Pacar. (also for the future tense of {bhU} MBh. iv, 928 v.l.
{bhAvya}); likely to be, on the point of becoming (see {dhenu-} and {dhenumbhavyA});
what ought to be, suitable, fit, proper, right, good, excellent Kv. Pur. Kaths.;
handsome, beautiful, pleasant MBh. Kv. &c.; gracious, favourable (= {prasanna}) R.;
auspicious, fortunate Ragh. BhP.; righteous, pious Vcar.; true L.; m. Averrhoa
Carambola MBh. &c.; N. of a Riishi in the 9th Manv-antara VP.; of a son of Dhruva (the
polar star) Hariv.; of a son of Priyavrata Pur.; of a teacher Buddh.; of a poet Cat.; (pl.) a
partic. class of gods under Manu Ckshusha Pur.; ({A}) f. N. of Um (Prvat) L.; Piper
Chaba (prob. w.r. for {cavyA}); n. that which is or exists (= {yad bhavati}) RV. &c. &c.;
being, existing, the being present AV. &c. &c.; future time (see {bhavad-bhUta-bhavya});
fruit, result, reward, (esp.) good result, prosperity Ragh. Dhrtan.; a bone L.; the fruit of
Averrhoa Carambola or of Dillenia Indica L.; m. or n. one division of the poetical Rasas
or sentiments W.
bhaya = fear* = n. ( {bhI}) fear, alarm dread apprehension; fear of (abl. gen. or comp.)
or for (comp.) RV. &c. &c. ({bhayAt} ind. `" from fear "'; {bhayaM-kR} with abl. `" to
have fear of "'; {bhayaM-dA}, `" to cause fear, terrify "'); sg. and pl. terror, dismay,
danger, peril, distress; danger from (abl. or comp.) or to, (comp.) ib.; the blossom of

Trapa Bispinosa L.; m. sickness, disease L.; Fear personifled (as a Vasu, a son of Nir-riiti
or Ni-kriiti, a prince of the Yavanas and husband of the daughter of Time) Pur. (also n.;
and {A} f. as a daughter of Kla or Vaivasvata, and wife of the Rkshasa Heti).
bhayaM = fear
bhayanaka = that which causes fear
bhayaat.h = out of fear
bhayaanaka = the sentiment of fear, terror
bhayaanakaani = very fearful
bhayaavahaH = dangerous
bhayena = out of fear
bhaujya = enjoyment (of kingship)
bhautika = material
bhauma = A name for the planet Mars
bhavaan: see bhavat
bhavat *= mf(%{antI})n. being, present RV. &c. &c.; m.f, (nom. %{bha4vAn}, %{-vatI};
voc. %{bhavan} or %{bhos} q.v.; f. %{-vati}; cf. Mn. ii, 49) your honour, your worship,

your lordship or ladyship, you (lit. `" the gentleman or lady present "'; cf. %{atra-} and %
{tatra-bh-}; used respectfully for the 2nd pers. pron., but properly with the 3rd and only
exceptionally with the 2nd pers. of the verb e.g. %{bhavAn@dadAtu}, `" let your
highness give "'; sometimes in pl. to express greater courtesy e.g. %
{bhavantaH@pramANam}, `" your honour is an authority "') S3Br. &c.; (%{antI}) f. the
present tense Pat.; (%{atI}) f. a partic.kind of poisoned arrow L.
bheka = a frog
bheDa* = m. a ram L. (cf. {eDa}, {bheDra} and {bheNDa}); a raft, float L. (cf. {bhela});
N. of a lexicographer and a physician Cat.; of a Riishi L.; ({I}) f. a ewe L.; N. of one of the
Mtriis attending on Skanda MBh.
bheda4 = break, pierce, also difference * = m. ( {bhid}) breaking, splitting, cleaving,
rending, tearing, piercing (also pass. the being broken &c.) KtyS'r. Yj. MBh. Kv. &c.;
breaking open, disclosing, divulging, betrayal (of a secret cf. {rahasya-bh-}); bursting
asunder, opening, gaping, parting asunder BhP. Sus'r.; bursting forth or out, expanding,
blossoming, shooting out, sprouting Klid. Blar.; a cleft, fissure, chasm (cf. {zilA-bh-};
du. pudendum muliebre) RV.; rupture, breach, hurt, injury, seduction Km. MBh.
Kaths.; shooting pain (in the limbs), paralysis (cf. {ardhabh-}) Sus'r.; separation,
division, partition, part, portion Kv. Pur.; distinction, difference, kind, sort, species,
variety S'rS. Up. MBh. &c.; disturbance, interruption, violation, dissolution RPrt.
KtyS'r. Sh.; disuniting, winning over to one's side by sowing dissension (cf. {upA7ya})
Mn. Yj. Km.; disunion, schism, dissension between (instr.) or in (comp.) MBh. Var.
Rjat.; change, alteration, modification MBh. S'ak.; contraction (cf. {bhrUbh-}) [766,2];
evacuation (of the bowels) S'rngS.; (in astron.) a partic. crossing or conjunction of the
planets; one of the ways in which an eclipse ends (cf. {kukSi-bh-}); (in math.) the

hypothenuse of a right-angled triangle; (in dram.) = {saMhati-bhedana}, or =

{pro7tsAhana}, Sh; (in phil.) dualism, duality (cf. comp.); N. of a man AV.; pl. N. of a
people RV.
bhedaM = the differences
bhedana = breaking through, piercing
bhedaaGYaanaM = difference/otherness/duality
bhejire *V= - rendered service unto - SB 1.2.25; returned - SB 7.3.3; took shelter - SB
9.20.31
bheruNDa = terrible
bheruNDaasana = the formidable posture
bheryaH = large drums
bheshaja = medicine, antidote, cure* = mf({I})n. (fr. 1. {bhiSaj}) curing, healing,
sanative RV. AV. AitBr.; n. a remedy, medicine, medicament, drug, remedy against (gen.
or comp.) RV. &c. &c.; a spell or charm (for curative purposes (generally from Atharvaveda) S'rS.; water Naigh. i, 12; Nigella Indica W.
bhettavai * = %{bhettavya}, %{bhettR} see under %{bhid}, p. 757, col. 2.
bhettavya * = mfn. to be broken or split R.; to be betrayed or divulged Hariv.

bhettri * = mfn. breaking, splitting, bursting through, piercing; a breaker &c. RV. &c,
&c.; a conqueror Cat.; an interrupter, disturber, frustrator Ka1m.; a divulger, betrayer
MBh. Ya1jn5.; a factious or seditious man MW.; m. N. of Skanda Mr2icch.; N. of a
partic. magical spell recited over weapons R.
bibharshi * V: manifest, assume, bear, accept, carry\\ S.G: assume, maintain (and
perpetuate)
bibhrat* = mfn. (pr.p. of {bhR}) bearing, carrying RV. &c. &
bhid.h = to break
bhidaa* = f. splitting, bursting, destroying, destruction Ka1v. (cf. %{dur-bhida});
separation (see %{-bhRt}); distinction, difference Ka1v. BhP.; a kind or species. Sa1h.;
coriander L.
bhidya * = m. a rushing river or N. of a rrushing Ragh. Bhat2t2. (cf. Pa1n2. 3-1, 115) ;
n. splitting, breaking, destroying (cf. %{pUr-bhi4dya} and %{zIrSa-bhi4dya})
2 bhidya n. hhead-splitting AV.
bhii *= 1 cl. 3. P. (Dha1tup. xxv, 2) %{bibhe4ti} (du. %{bibhItas} or %{bibhitas} Pot. %
{bibhIyAt} or %{bibhiyAt} Pa1n2. 6-4, 115 ; Pot. 3. pl. %{bibhyeyuH} MBh. xii, 459 ;
impf. 3. pl. %{abibhayuH} Pa1n2. 7-3, 83 Sch. ; ep. also A1. 1. sg. %{bibhye} and and P.
3. sg. %{bibhyati} pl. %{bibhyanti} ; Ved. also cl. 1. A. %{bha4yate}, and accord, to
Dha1tup. xxxiv, 15, cl, 10. P. %{bhAyayati} ; pf. %{bibhAya}, 3. pl. %{bibhyuH} RV. &c.
&c. ; %{bIbhAya} AitBr. ; %{bibhayA4M@cakara} S3Br. cf. Pa1n2. 3-1, 39 ; aor. %
{abhaiSIt}, %{-Sma}, %{-SuH} RV. AV. &c., 2. sg. %{bhaiSIs} AV., %{bhais} Br. &c.,

esp. in %{mAbhais} "', do not be afraid ; once for pl. = %{mA@bhaiSTa} R. i, 55, 25 ; %
{bhes} Br. ; %{bhema} RV., p. A1. %{bhiyAna4} ib., ; fut. %{bhetA} Gr. ; cond, %
{abheSyat} S3Br. ; inf. %{bhiya4se} RV. ; %{bhetum} MBh. &c.), to fear, be afraid of
(abl. or gen., rarely instr, or acc.) RV. &c. &c. ; to fear for, be anxious about (abl.) R.:
Pass. %{bhIyate}, aor, %{abhAyi} Gr.: Caus. %{bhISa4yate} (S3Br. &c. ; cf. Pa1n2. 1-3,
68), %{bhISayati} (MBh. ; once m. c. %{bhiS-} BhP. ; p. %{bhISayANa} MBh. ; aor. %
{bIbhiSaH} TS., %{-SathAH} RV.), %{bhAyayati}, %{-te} (Pa1n2. 1-3, 68 Sch. ; Pot. %
{bhAyayes} Megh. 61 ; v.l. %{bhISayes} ; aor %{bIbhayat}, %{a4bIbhayanta} RV. ; ind.
p. %{-bhAyya} Br.), %{bhApayate} (Pa1n2. 6-1, 56 Sch.), to terrify, put in a fright,
intimidate RV. &c. &c.: Desid. %{bibhISati} Gr.: Intens. %{bebhIyate}, %{bebhayIti}, %
{bebheti} ib. [Cf. %{bhyas} ; Lith. {bijo4tis} ; Slav. {bojati} ; Germ. {biben}, {beben}.]
bhiita * = mfn. frightened, alarmed, terrified, timid, afraid of or imperilled by (abl. or
comp.) RV. &c. &c.; anxious about (comp.) Pan5car.; (%{am}) ind. timidly S3iksh.; n.
fear, danger L.; (impers.) fear has been shown, S3rin3ga1r.
bhiiru * = mf({U8})n. fearful, timid, cowardly, afraid of (abl. or comp.) RV. &c. &c.;
(with {paratra}) dreading the beyond or the hereafter Yj. Sch. (ifc. expressive of blame
Ganar. on Pn. 2-1, 53); m. a jackal L. (cf. {pheru}); a tiger L.; various kinds of fish L.; a
centipede L.; a kind of sugarcane L.; Asparagus Racemosus L.; f. a timid woman (esp.
voc. `" {bhIru} "', `" O timid one! "') Kv.; a shadow L.; a she-goat L.; Solanum Jacquini
L.; n. a species of plant L. [758, 3]; silver L
bhiitaM = fearful
bhiitabhiitaH = fearful

bhiitaani = out of fear

bhiiti = fear
bhiitiM = fear
bhiitiH = fear
bhiima = terrible* = mf({A})n. fearful, terrific, terrible awful formidable, tremendous
RV. &c. &c. (ibc., fearfully &c.); m. Rumex Vesicarius L.; N. of Rudra-S'iva s'vGri. Un.
Sch.; of one of the 8 forms of S'iva Pur.; of one of the 11 Rudras Pur.; of a
Devagandharva MBh.; of one of the Devas called Vajamush ib.; of a Dnava ib. Kaths.;
of a Vidydhara Kaths.; of a son of the Rkshasa Kumbhakarna Cat.; of the second son
of Pndu (also called) Bhima-sena and Vriiko7dara; he was only the reputed son of
PPndu, being really the son of his wife Priith or Kunt by the wind-god Vyu, and was
noted for his size, strength and appetite) MBh. Kv. Pur. &c.; of sev. other men AitBr.
MBh. Hariv. &c.; pl. the race of Bhima MBh.; ({A}) f. a whip L.; a bullock's gall-stone L.;
N. of a form of Durg Hariv.; of an Apsaras R.; of sev. rivers MBh.; of a district Rjat.; of
a town Buddh.
bhiimakarmaa = one who performs herculean tasks
bhiimaarjuna = to Bhima and Arjuna
bhiishaya %{-yati} see %{bhI}. *V = terrifying, threatening.
bhiishhma = by Grandfather Bhishma

bhiishhmaM = unto Grandfather Bhishma

bhiishhmaH = Grandfather Bhishma
bhiNDiH = (f) ladies-finger, okra
bhitaaH = out of fear
bhittiH = (m) walls
bhinnaa = separated
bhilla = tribal
bhikshaapaatram.h = (n) begging bowl
bhikshukaH = (m) beggar
bhikshu* = m. a beggar, mendicant, religious mmendicant (esp. a Brhman in the
fourth s'rama or period of his life, when he subsists entirely on alms) Mn. MBh. &c. (cf.
RTL. 55 n. 1); a Buddhist mendicant or monk Kaths. Lalit. (cf. MWB. 55); a partic.
Buddha L.; Asteracantha Longifolia L.; Sphaerantus Mollis L.; N. of an ngirasa (author
of RV. x, 117) RAnukr.; of a son of Bhoja Rjat.; of a poet Cat.; n. N. of an Upanishad (cf.
{bhikSuko7paniSad}),
bhikshucaryA* = f. `" a mendicant's course of life "', begging BhP.
bhikshusUtra* = n. a collection of rules or precepts for mendicants Pn. 4-3, 110; {-

bhASya-vArttika} n. N. of a Comm. on prec.

bhikshuka* = m. a beggar, mendicant, a Brhman of the mmendicant order (cf.
{bhikSu}) GriS. Mn. MBh. &c. (RTL. 386); ({I}) f. see below.
bhikshukasatI* = f. a virtuous female mendicant L.
bhikshukI* = f. (of prec.) a female mendicant MBh. R. &c.
bhikshuNI* = f. a Buddhist female mendicant or nun Lalit. DivyA7v. (MWB. 86).
bis (or %{vis}) cl. 4. %{bisyati} , to go , move Naigh. ii , 14 ; to split or grow Nir. ii , 24 ;
to urge on , incite Dha1tup. xxvi , 108 ; to cast , throw Vop.
bhishaya %{-yati} see %{bhI}.
bhitti *= f. breaking , splitting Ka1t2h. ; a mat (made of split reeds) S3Br. ; a wall (of
earth or masonry) , partition , panel MaitrUp. Inscr. &c. ; (ifc. with parts of the body) a
wall-like surface (cf. %{kapola-} , %{gaNDa-bh-}) ; a fragment , bit , portion L. ; a place
, spot Mudr. ; a rent , fissure L. ; a flaw , deficiency W. ; an opportunity , occasion L.
bho = exclamatory word for addressing a person
bho-bhoh * = see bhos* n (fr. {bhavas} voc. of {bhavat} q.v.; before vowels and soft
consonants {bho}; before hard consonants {bhos} and {bhoH}; the latter form also in
pause cf. Pn. 8-3, 17 &c.; but there is occasional confusion of these forms, esp. in later
literature; often also {bhobhoH}.), an interjection or voc. particle commonly used in
addressing another person or several persons = O! Ho! Hallo l, in soliloquies = alas!

S'Br. &c. &c. (according to L. a particle of sorrow and of interrogation).

bodha * = mfn. knowing, understanding, Asht2a1vS. (cf. g. %{jvalA7di}); m. waking,
becoming or being awake, consciousness AV. MBh. &c.; the opening of blossom, bloom
Cat.; the taking effect (of spells; acc. with %{pra-yA}, `" to begin to take effect "') ib.;
exciting (a perfume) Var.; perception, apprehension, thought, knowledge,
understanding, intelligence Ka1v. Ra1jat. Pur.; designation Sa1h. Pa1n2. Sch.;
awakening, arousing W.; making known, informing, instructing MW.; Knowledge
personified as a son of Buddhi Pur.; N. of a man Ma1rkP. (cf. Pa1n2. 4-1, 107); pl. N. of a
people MBh.
bodhaka * = mf(%{ikA})n. awakening, arousing R.; causing to know, explaining,
teaching, instructing, a teacher, instructor Ka1v. Veda7ntas. Sarvad.; (ifc.) denoting,
indicating, signifying (%{-tva} n.) Pa1n2. Sch. Veda7ntas.; m. a spy, informer W.; N. of a
man (pl. his descendants) Pravar.; of a poet Cat.
bodhana * = mf(%{I})n. causing to awake or expand (a flower), arousing, exciting R.
Hariv. Sus3r.; enlightening, teaching, instructing (cf. %{bAla-bodhinI}); m. the planet
Mercury W.; N. of a mountain VP.; (%{I}) f. intellect, knowledge L.; long pepper L.; = %
{bodha-vAsara} PadmaP.; a partic. S3akti Hcat.; n. waking, being awake Ka1tyS3r.
Sus3r.; perceiving, understanding Ragh.; causing to wake, awakening, arousing MBh. R.
&c.; causing (a spell) to take effect, Cat [734,3]; calling forth a perfume, burning incense
L.; causing to perceive or understand Sa1h.; instructing, teaching, informing Hariv.
Ka1v.; denoting, indicating, signifying Sa1h. Pa1n2. Sch.; `" the awaking of Durga1 "'N.
of a festival on the 9th day of the dark half of the month Bha1dra Col.
bodhaana * = mfn. prudent, clever, wise L.; m. a wise man; N. of Br2ihas-pati L.

bodhaayana * = m. N. of a teacher and author of the Brahma-su1tra-vr2itti (said to have

commented also on the Bhagavad-gi1ta1 and 10 Upanishads) Cat.
bodhayitri *= mfn. (fr. Caus.) causing to know, informing MaitrUp.
bodhi * = mf. (with Buddhists or Jainas) perfect knowledge or wisdom (by which a man
becomes a Buddha or Jina), the illuminated or enlightened intellect (of a BBuddha or
JJina) Katha1s. Ra1jat. S3atr. Lalit. (cf. MWB. 97, 188 &c.); m. the tree of wisdom
under which perfect wwisdom is attained or under which a man becomes a Buddha, the
sacred fig-tree, (Ficus Religiosa) Hcat. (MWB. 35, 181 &c.); `" wakener "', a cock L.; N.
of a man (= Buddha in a former birth) Ja1takam.; of a mythical elephant Lalit.; of a
place L.; pl. N. of a people R.; mfn. learned, wise Un2. iv, 117.\\ f. (with Buddhists)
perfect knowledge or enlightenment MWB. 43 (%{-dhy-aGga} n. an `" integral part of
perfect knowledge or enlightenment "' Lalit.)
bhadaaka * = m. fortune, prosperity (or mfn. auspicious, fortunate) Un2. iv, 15 Sch. (%
{kalyANe}).
bhoutikashaastram.h = physics
bhoktavya = should be used, enjoyed *=mfn. to be enjoyed or eaten Ya1jn5. Ka1v. &c.; to
be used or employed Mn. viii, 144; to be possessed or governed or ruled Ma1rkP.; to be
utilized or exploited MBh.; to be fed (n. impers. `" a meal is to be eaten "') MBh. Hariv.
bhoktaa = the enjoyer
bhoktR* = m. ({trI} f.) one who enjoys or eats, enjoyer, eater, experiencer, feeler,
sufferer MaitrUp. MBh. &c. (also as fut. of 3. {bhuj} R.); a possessor, ruler of a land,

king, prince Inscr.; a husband, lover L.

bhogatva* = n. the state of being curved or winding, curvedness Km. 1.
bhogi* = in comp. for 1. {bhogin}.
bhogadA* = f. `" granting enjenjoyments "'N. of the goddess of the Pingalas Cat. [767,3
bhoktaaraM = the beneficiary
bhoktiaa = one who enjoys
bhoktuM = to enjoy life
bhoktritve = in enjoyment
bhoga = enjoyment
bhoga* = 1 m. (1. {bhuj}) any winding or curve, coil (of a serpent) RV. &c. &c.; the
expanded hood of a snake Hariv. Km. Pacat.; a partic. kind of military array Km.; a
snake Suparn.; the body L.\\2 m. (3. {bhuj}) enjoyment, eating, feeding on RV. &c. &c.
(with Jainas `" enjoying once "', as opp. to {upa-bhoga}, q.v.); use, application S'Br.
GriS'rS. &c.; fruition, usufruct, use of a deposit &c. Mn. Yj.; sexual enjoyment Mn.
MBh. &c.; enjenjoyment of the earth or of a country i.e. rule, sway MrkP.;
experiencing, feeling, perception (of pleasure or pain) Mn. MBh. &c.; profit, utility,
advantage, pleasure, delight RV. &c. &c.; any object of enjoyment (as food, a festival &c.)
MBh. R.; possession, property, wealth, revenue Mn. MBh. &c.; hire, wages (esp. of
prostitution) L.; (in astron.) the passing through a constellation VarBriS.; the part of the

ecliptic occupied by each of the 27 lunar mansions Sryas.; (in arithm.) the numerator of
a fraction (?) W.; N. of a teacher Cat.; ({A}) f. N. of a Sura7ngan Sinha7s.; n. w.r. for
{bhogya} or {bhAgya}.
bhogarataH = indulging in worldly pleasures
bhogaaH = material enjoyment
bhogaan.h = enjoyable things
bhogaiH = enjoyment
bhogi = serpent (that has bhoga, meaning hood)
bhogii = the enjoyer
bhogin* = 1 mfn. (for 2. see col. 3) furnished with windings or curves or rings, curved,
ringed (as a serpent) R. BhP. &c.; m. a serpent or sserpent-demon MBh. Kv. &c.; a
kind of shrub L.; ({inI}) f. a serpent nymph R. \\2 mfn. (for 1. see col. 2) enjoying, eating
MrkP. Prasang.; having or offering enjoyments, devoted to enjenjoyments, wealthy,
opulent MBh. Yj. Var. &c.; suffering, experiencing, undergoing Kap.; using, possessing
MW.; m. a voluptuary MW.; a king L.; the head man of a village L.; a barber L.; =
{vaiyAvRtti-kara} (?) L.; a person who accumulates money for a partic. expenditure W.;
N. of a prince VP.; ({inI}) f. a kind of heroine Bhar.; the concubine of a king or a wife not
regularly consecrated with him L.
bhojanaM = eating

bhojanashaalaa = (f) dining room

bhojaneshhu = or while eating together
bhojotsavaH = (m) feast
bhojya *= mfn. to be enjoyed or eaten , eatable , what is enjoyed or eaten , (esp.) what
may be eaten without mastication Bhpr. MaitrUp. MBh. Ya1jn5. &c. ; to be enjoyed or
used MBh. Ba1lar. &c. ; to be enjoyed sexually Ra1jat. ; to be enjoyed or felt MBh. Hariv.
; to be suffered or experienced MW. ; to be fed , one to whom food must be given MBh. ;
(fr. Caus.) to be made to eat , to be fed MBh. Mn. Kull. ; m. pl. N. of a people Ma1rkP.
(prob. w.r. for %{bhoja}) ; (%{A}) f. a procuress Gal. ; a princess of the Bhojas MBh.
Hariv. Ragh. BhP. (cf. %{bhojA}) ; n. anything to be enjoyed or eaten , nourishment ,
food MBh. R. &c. ; the act of eating , a meal MBh. Mn. ; a festive dinner L. ; a dainty MW.
; a feast a store of provisions , eatables ib. , enjoyment , advantage , profit RV.
bhokshyase = you enjoy
bhrama* = m. (ifc. f. {A}) wandering or roaming about, roving over or through (comp.)
Kaths.; moving about, rolling (as of the eyes) Rjat.; turning round, revolving, rotation
(acc. with {dA} = to swing) MBh. Sryas. Hcat.; a whirling flame RV.; a whirlpool, eddy
Prab.; a spring, fountain, watercourse L.; a potter's wheel Snkhyak.; (v.l. {-mi}), a
grindstone (see comp.); a gimlet or auger L.; a circle ryabh.; giddiness, dizziness Sus'r.;
confusion, perplexity, error, mistake (ifc. mistaking anything for) Hariv. Kv. Rjat. &c.;
({At}) ind. by an error or mistake Gt.
bhraama* = m. roaming about, unsteadiness Gt.

bhraamaka * = mf({ikA})n. (fr. Caus.) causing error, deceitful, false R. Sch.; m. n. `"
causing (scil. iron) to turn round "', a magnet (also {-kA7dri}, m.) L.; m. `" turning
round (scil. towards the sun?) "', a sunflower, heliotrope L.; a deceiver, cheat L.; ({akA})
f. a species of plant L.
bhraamarin vmfn. (fr. prec.) affected with vertigo or epilepsy Mn. iii, 161; whirling
round, revolving W.; made of honey. ib.
bhraama * = roaming about, unsteadiness
bhraamayan.h = causing to travel
bhrashtha* = mfn. fallen, dropped, fallen down or from or off (abl. or comp.) AV. &c.
&c.; (with or scil. {divaH}), fallen from the sky i.e. banished to the earth Kaths. S'ukas.;
broken down, decayed, ruined, disappeared, lost, gone MBh. Kv. &c.; fled or escaped
from, rid of (abl.) Kaths.; strayed or separated from, deprived of (abl. or comp.) MBh.
Kv. &c.; depraved, vicious, a backslider W.; ({A}) f. a fallen or unchaste woman MW.
bhras'ishtha* = mfn. (superl.) most (very) powerful or strong or vehement Pat. on Pn.
6-4, 161.
bhras'iiyas* = mfn. (compar.) more (very) powerful &c. ib.
bhras'iman* = m. potency, vehemence, strength g. {dRDhA7di}.
bhras'* = see {bhraMz}, p. 769, col. 1.
bhras'iman* = {bhraziSTha}, {-zIyas} see p. 766, col. 1.

bhras'* = see {bhraMz}, p. 769, col. 1.

bhras'iman* = {bhraziSTha}, {-zIyas} see p. 766, col. 1.
bhraas'* = (v.l. {bhrAs}; cf. {bhlAz}) cl. 1. 4. . {bhrAzate}, {-zyate} Pn. 3-1, 70 ({-zyati}
Naigh.; pf. {babhrAze} and {bhreze} Pn. 6-4, 125; fut. {bhrAziSyate}, {-zitA} aor.
{abhrAziSTa}), to shine, glitter Dhtup. xix, 76: Caus. {bhrAzayati} (aor. {ababhrAzat},
or {abibhrazat}) Gr.: Desid. {bibhrAziSate} ib.: Intens. {bAbhrAzyate}, {bAbhrASTi} ib.
bhraa4s'ya* = mfn. (fr. Caus.) to be struck down or overthrown RV.
bhraas'* = (v.l. {bhrAs}; cf. {bhlAz}) cl. 1. 4. . {bhrAzate}, {-zyate} Pn. 3-1, 70 ({-zyati}
Naigh.; pf. {babhrAze} and {bhreze} Pn. 6-4, 125; fut. {bhrAziSyate}, {-zitA} aor.
{abhrAziSTa}), to shine, glitter Dhtup. xix, 76: Caus. {bhrAzayati} (aor. {ababhrAzat},
or {abibhrazat}) Gr.: Desid. {bibhrAziSate} ib.: Intens. {bAbhrAzyate}, {bAbhrASTi} ib.
bhraatra * = m. a brother (see {mAtur-bh-}); n. brotherhood, fraternity RV.
bhraatri * = m. (connection with {bhR} doubtful) a brother (often used to designate a
near relative or an intimate friend, esp. as a term of friendly address) RV. &c. &c.; du.
brother and sister Pn. 1-2, 68. [Cf. Zd. {brtar}; Gk. $ &c.; Lat. &234074[770, 2]
{frater}; Lith. {broter-e7lis}; Slav. {bratru7}; Goth. {brothar}; Germ. {bruoder},
{Bruder}; Eng. {brother}.]
bhraatrika * = (ifc., with f. {A}) = {bhrAtR}, a brother Klid. (cf. {a-} and {sa-bh-});
mf({I})n. coming from or belonging to a brother, brotherly, fraternal Pn. 4-3, 78 Sch.
bhraa4trivya * = m. a father's brother's son, cousin AV. Rjat.; (mostly with {a4-priya},

{dviSa4t} &c.) a hostile cousin, rival, adversary, enemy AV. VS. Br. R. BhP.; n. (with
{indrasya}) N. of a Sman rshBr.
bhraatrIya * = m. a (father's) brother's son, nephew Pn. 4-1, 144; mfn. fraternal,
belonging or relating to a brother W.
bhraatreya * = m. = prec. m. Bh
bhraataH = (m) brother
bhraatarau = the two brothers
bhraataa = brother
bhraatri = brother
bhraatrikaaraka = Significator of Brother which is Mars
bhraatrin.h = brothers
bhraanta = lost
bhraanti = confusion
bhraantidarshana = a delusion
bhrama*=m. (ifc. f. {A}) wandering or roaming about, roving over or through (comp.)
Kaths.; moving about, rolling (as of the eyes) Rjat.; turning round, revolving, rotation

(acc. with {dA} = to swing) MBh. Sryas. Hcat.; a whirling flame RV.; a whirlpool, eddy
Prab.; a spring, fountain, watercourse L.; a potter's wheel Snkhyak.; (v.l. {-mi}), a
grindstone (see comp.); a gimlet or auger L.; a circle ryabh.; giddiness, dizziness Sus'r.;
confusion, perplexity, error, mistake (ifc. mistaking anything for) Hariv. Kv. Rjat. &c.;
({At}) ind. by an error or mistake Gt.
bhramati = (1 pp) to roam, to wander
bhramatva * = n. (in phil.) the being an error, erroneousness.
bhramat * = mfn. wandering about, roaming MBh.
bhramara-ja * = mfn. produced by bees (as honey) L.
bhramarA7ri * = m. `" bee-enemy "' = {bhramara-mArI} (q.v.) L.
bhramaraka * = m. n. a curl on the forehead L. (cf. {bhramarA7laka}); m. a bee L.; a
ball for playing with L.; a whirlpool L.; ({ikA}) f. wandering in all directions ({-dRSTi} f.
a wwandering glance BhP.); n. a humming-top ({-bhrAmam} with Caus. of {bhram}, to
cause to spin like a humming-top Blar.); honey of the large black bee L.
bhramarAya * = Nom. . {-yate}, to resemble a bee Subh.
bhramarita * = mfn. covered with bees Naish.
bhramAya * = (accord. to g. {bhrizA7di} fr. p. {bhramat}) Nom. . {-yate}, (prob.) to
begin turning round or revolving, to roam about. [770, 1]

bhraanta* = mfn. wandering or roaming about MBh. Kv. &c.; having wandered about
or through (with acc.) Kaths.; wandered about or through (n. impers. with instr., `" it
has been wandering about by "') S'rngP. Kaths.; moving about unsteadily, rolling,
reeling, whirling MBh. Kv.; perplexed, confused, being in doubt or error ib.; m. an
elephant in rut L.; a species of thorn-apple L.; n. roaming about, moving to and fro Kv.
Pacat. Sus'r.; a partic. mode of fighting Hariv.; error, mistake Cn.
bhraanta* = bhrikuTi = upper part of the eye-lashes and lower part of the forehead
BhriguH = Bhrigu
bhrijjati = to bake
bhris'a *= mfn. (perhaps the original meaning may be `" falling heavily "' cf. %{bhraz})
strong , vehement , mighty , powerful , frequent , abundant (often ibc. cf. below ; rarely
as an independent word ; cf. %{subhRta}) Mn. MBh. &c. ; ibc and(%{am}) ind. strongly ,
violently , vehemently , excessively , greatly , very much Mn. MBh. &c. ; harshly , severely
ChUp. ; quickly , without hesitation MBh. ; often , frequently R. ; eminently , in a
superior manner L. ; m. a partic. tutelary deity VarBr2.
bhrit.h = one who carries
bhrit * = mfn. bearing, carrying, bringing, procuring, possessing, wearing, having,
nourishing, supporting, maintaining (only ifc.; cf. {iSu-}, {kSiti-}, {dharma-}, {vaMzabhRt} &c.)
bhrita* =mfn. borne, carried &c. (see prec.); gained, acquired Katha1s.; (ifc.) filled, full
of. ib.; hired, paid (as a servant) Mn. MBh. &c. (%{bhakta-venayor@bhRtaH}, `" one

who receives board and wages "'; cf. %{kSIra-bh-}); m. a hireling, hired servant or
labourer, mercenary Ya1jn5. Sch.
bhrittva* = n. see {zastrA7stra-bhRt-tva}.
bhritaka* = mfn. brought, fetched (see {drAg-bh-}); mfn. hired, receiving wages; m. a
hired labourer, servant Mn. MBh. &c.; ({ikA}) f. hire, wages DivyA7v.
bhritin* = see {saMvatsara-bhRtin}.
bhritya* = mfn. to be nourished or maintained; m. one who is to be mmaintained, a
dependent, servant (also the sservant of a king, a minister) GriS. Mn. MBh. &c. [765,1];
({A}) f. support, maintenance, wages &c. (= {bhRti}). L.; nursing, care of(cf. {kumArabhRtyA}).
bhrityAya* = Nom. . {-yate}, to behave like a servant Kaths.
bhritra* = m. (?) Siddh.
bhritha* = (prob.) m. offering, oblation (of Soma) RV.; a turtle, tortoise L.
bhritvan* = mfn. collecting, accumulating AV.
bhrita* = mfn. borne, carried &c. (see prec.); gained, acquired Kaths.; (ifc.) filled, full
of. ib.; hired, paid (as a servant) Mn. MBh. &c. ({bhakta-venayor bhRtaH}, `" one who
receives board and wages "'; cf. {kSIra-bh-}); m. a hireling, hired servant or labourer,
mercenary Yj. Sch.

bhrita* = {bhRtya} &c. see p. 764

bhritya = servant
bhrisha = (adv) ample
brahmacarya * = n. study of the Veda, the state of an unmarried religious student, a state
of continence and chastity (also {A} f. Hariv.) AV. &c. &c. (acc. with {grah}, {car}, {vas},
{A-gam}, {upa-i}, to practise chchastity; cf. {-cArin}); {-tva} n. the unmarried state,
continence, chastity Hariv.; {-vat} mfn. leading the life of an unmarried religious
student, practising chchastity past. MBh.; {-vrata} n. a vow of chchastity, BeahmaP.;
{-skhalana} n. deviating from chchastity MW.; {-ryA7zrama} m. the period of
unmarried religious studentship MBh.
bhramara = a large bee
bhramarakam.h = (n) a top (spun using a thread)
bhramarii = the bee breath
bhramiH = a screw
bhrita * = mfn. borne, carried &c. (see prec.); gained, acquired Kaths.; (ifc.) filled, full
of. ib.; hired, paid (as a servant) Mn. MBh. &c. ({bhakta-venayor bhRtaH}, `" one who
receives board and wages "'; cf. {kSIra-bh-}); m. a hireling, hired servant or labourer,
mercenary Yj. Sch.
bhris'a* = mfn. (perhaps the original meaning may be `" falling heavily "' cf. {bhraz})

strong, vehement, mighty, powerful, frequent, abundant (often ibc. cf. below; rarely as
an independent word; cf. {subhRta}) Mn. MBh. &c.; ibc and({am}) ind. strongly,
violently, vehemently, excessively, greatly, very much Mn. MBh. &c.; harshly, severely
ChUp.; quickly, without hesitation MBh.; often, frequently R.; eminently, in a superior
manner L.; m. a partic. tutelary deity VarBri.
bhruuNa *= n. (for %{bhUrNa} , fr. %{bhR}) an embryo RV. x , 155 , 2 ; m. a child , boy
L. ; a very learned Bra1hman Hcat. ; a pregnant woman (= %{garbhiNI}) L.
bhruvoH = the eyebrows
bhruuH = brow
bhuu *= to turn into an inauspicious omen Naish. iii, 9.
bhu* =mfn. (ifc.) = 2. %{bhI}, 2 mfn. becoming, being, existing, springing, arising (ifc.;
cf. %{akSi-}, %{giri-}, %{citta-}, %{padmabhU} &c.); m. N. of Vishn2u MBh. xii, 1509
(Ni1lak.); of an Eka7ha S3rS.; f. the act of becoming or arising Pa1n2. 1-4, 31; the place
of being, space, world or universe (also pl.) RV. AV. [761,1]; the earth (as constituting
one of the 3 worlds, and therefore a symbolical N. for the number `" one "') Mn. MBh.
&c.; one of the three Vya1hr2itis (see %{bhu4vas}, %{bhUr}, pp. 760 and 763); earth (as
a substance), ground, soil, land, lauded property ib.; floor, pavement Megh.; a place,
spot, piece of ground RV. &c. &c.; the base of any geometrical figure A1ryabh.; object,
matter (see %{vivAdasaMvAda-bhU}); a term for the letter %{l} Ra1matUp.; a sacrificial
fire L.
bhuja * = m. (ifc. f. {A}) the arm MBh. Kv. &c. ({bhujayor antaram}, the breast

Bhartri.; cf. {bhujA7ntara}); the hand Pn. 7-3, 61; the trunk of an elephant MBh. iii,
15736; a branch, bough BhP.; a bending, curve, coil (of a serpent; see comp. below); the
side of any geometrical figure KtyS'r. Sch.; the base of a triangle Sryas.; the base of a
shadow ib.; the supplement of 2 or 4 right angles or the complement of 3 right angles
MW.; ({A}) f. see col. 2.
bhujaa * =f. a winding, curve, coil (of a snake) BhP.; the arm or hand, Pracand. (cf.
comp.); the side of any geometrical figure, Aryabh. Hcat.
bhujiSya * = mfn. granting food, useful AV. (cf. %{a-bh-}) ; free, independent L. ; m. a
slave, servant (%{-tA} f.) Can2d2. DivyA7v. (cf. Un2. iv, 178 Sch.) ; a comrade,
companion L. ; a person who has regained his liberty by redeeming his pledge L. ; a cord
wound round the wrist of a girl before her marriage (%{-hasta-sUtraka}) L. ; the hand L.
; a string L. ; (%{A}) f. any woman dependent on or working for others, a slave-girl,
maid-servant Ya1jn5. MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; a harlot, courtezan L.
bhukta * = mfn. enjoyed, eaten, made use of, possessed &c. MBh. Kv. &c.; one who has
eaten a meal (= {bhukta-vat} Siddh.) Kaus'. Sus'r. (cf. {bhukta-pIta}); n. the act of eating
L.; the thing eaten or enjoyed, food MBh. (ifc. feeding or living on Pacat.); the place
where any person has eaten R. (cf. Pn. 2-2, 13 Sch.)
bhuja = arm or shoulder * m. (ifc. f. {A}) the arm MBh. Kv. &c. ({bhujayor antaram},
the breast Bhartri.; cf. {bhujA7ntara}); the hand Pn. 7-3, 61; the trunk of an elephant
MBh. iii, 15736; a branch, bough BhP.; a bending, curve, coil (of a serpent; see comp.
below); the side of any geometrical figure KtyS'r. Sch.; the base of a triangle Sryas.;
the base of a shadow ib.; the supplement of 2 or 4 right angles or the complement of 3
right angles MW.; ({A}) f. see col. 2.

bhujaa*= f. a winding, curve, coil (of a snake) BhP.; the arm or hand, Pracand. (cf.
comp.); the side of any geometrical figure, Aryabh. Hcat.
bhuja.nga = snake
bhujanga = snake
bhujan.gaasana = the cobra posture
bhujaasana = the arm posture
bhujau = upper arms
bhukta* = mfn. enjoyed, eaten, made use of, possessed &c. MBh. Ka1v. &c.; one who has
eaten a meal (= %{bhukta-vat} Siddh.) Kaus3. Sus3r. (cf. %{bhukta-pIta}); n. the act of
eating L.; the thing eaten or enjoyed, food MBh. (ifc. feeding or living on Pan5cat.); the
place where any person has eaten R. (cf. Pa1n2. 2-2, 13 Sch.)
bhukti = The Sub-period in a Dasha. Also known as the Antara * = f. enjoyment, eating,
consuming, A1s3Gr2. Pan5cat.; fruition, possession, usufruct Mn. Ya1jn5. Ka1v.; food,
victuals Ka1v. Ra1jat.; (in astron.) the daily motion of a planet Su1ryas. (cf. %{pakSa-bh}); a limit MW.
bhuktvaa = enjoying
bhunkte = enjoys
bhunkshva = enjoy

bhuj.h = to eat
bhuJNjate = enjoy
bhuJNjaanaM = enjoying
bhuJNjiiya = one has to enjoy
bhutaH = (past part.)was there
bhudaana = the donation of land
bhumiH = the earth
bhumikatva = firm ground
bhumii = the object of meditation
bhumau = on the earth
bhunaktu = (may) eat or enjoy
bhun'kte (SB) = enjoys, causes to enjoy, suffers, he undegoes, causes to enjoy, causes to
be subjected, eats
bhur* = (prob. a secondary form of {bhri} not in Dhtup.), P.. {bhura4ti}, {-te}, to
move rapidly or convulsively, stir, palpitate, quiver, struggle (in swimming) RV.: Intens.
{ja4rbhurIti} (p. {ja4rbhurat}, {-rANa}), to flicker (as fire) ib. (Cf. Gk. $, $; Lat.

{furere}.] &230993[760,1]
bhur* = (prob. a secondary form of {bhri} not in Dhtup.), P.. {bhura4ti}, {-te}, to
move rapidly or convulsively, stir, palpitate, quiver, struggle (in swimming) RV.: Intens.
{ja4rbhurIti} (p. {ja4rbhurat}, {-rANa}), to flicker (as fire) ib. (Cf. Gk. $, $; Lat.
{furere}.] &230993[760,1]
bhus'uNDii = (f) rifle, gun *= or %{-DI} f. a kind of weapon (perhaps fire-arms ; also
written %{bhuSuNDi}, %{DI}, and %{bhUzuNDi}, %{-DI}) MBh. R. &c.
bhuvaH = the upper world
bhuva* = {-vat}, {-vana} &c. see cols. 2. 3. * = bhuva* = m. N. of Agni VS. (Mahdh.)
Kaus'.; of a son of Pratihartrii VP.; a mushroom L.; (prob. n.) = {bhuvas}, the
atmosphere.bhuvana = o
bhuur* = ind. (orig. = {bhUs} nom. voc. of 2. {bhU}) one of the 3 Vyhriitis (q.v.), `" the
earth "' (the first of the 7 upper worlds; cf. {bhu4vas}) VS. &c. &c.; hell L.; = next
Hariv..a. home * = n. a being, living creature, man, mankind RV. &c. &c.; (rarely m.) the world, earth
ib. (generally 3 worlds are reckoned [see %{tri-bhuvana} and %{bhuvana-traya}], but also 2 [see %
{bhuva@na-dvaya}], or 7 [MBh. xii, 6924] or 14 [Bhartr2.]; cf. RTL. 102 n. 1); place of being, abode,
residence AV. S3Br.; a house (v.l. for %{bhavana}) L.; (?) causing to exist (= %{bhAvana}) Nir. vii,
25; water Naigh. i, 15; m. N. of a partic. month TS.; of a Rudra VP.; of an A1ptya (author of RV. x, 157)
RAnukr.; of a teacher of Yoga Cat.; of another man MBh.
bhuvi = in this world
bhuu = (v) to become, appear bhU to turn into an inauspicious omen Naish. iii, 9.

bhuu *= 1 cl. 1. P. (Dha1tup. i, 1) %{bha4vati} (rarely A1. %{-te} ; pf. %{babhU4va}, 2.

pers. %{-U4tha} or %{-Uvitha} cf. Pa1n2. 7-2, 64 ; %{babhUyAs}, %{-yA4r}, %
{babhUtu} RV. ; A1. %{babhUve} or %{bubhUve} Vop. ; cf. below ; aor. %{a4bhUt}, %{Uvan} ; Impv. %{bodhi4} [cf. %{budh}], %{bhUtu} RV. ; aor. or impf. %{a4bhuvat}, %
{bhu4vat}, %{bhuvAni} ib. ; Prec. %{bhUyAsam}, 2. 3. sg. %{-yAs} ib. [760,2] ; %
{bhUyAt} AV. ; %{bhUyiSThAs} BhP. ; %{bhaviSAt} [?] AitBr. ; %{abhaviSta}, %
{bhaviSISta}. Gr. ; fut. %{bhaviSya4ti}, ep. also %{-te} and 2. pl. %{-Syadhvam} ; %
{bhavitA} Br. &c. ; inf. %{bhuve4}, %{-bhve4}, %{bhUSa4Ni} RV. ; %{bhavitum}, %{tos} Br. ; ind. p. %{bhUtvA4} ; %{bhUtvI4} RV. ; %{-bhU4ya} RV. &c. ; %{-bhU4yam},
%{-bha4vam} Br.), to become, be (with nom, or adv. or indecl. words ending in %{I} or
%{U} cf. %{kRSNI-bhU} &c.), arise, come into being, exist, be found, live, stay, abide,
happen, occur RV. &c. &c. (often used with participles and other verbal nouns to make
periphrastical verbal forms ; with a fut. p. = to be going or about to e.g. %
{anuvakSyan@bhavati}, he is going to recite S3Br. ; the fut. of %{bhU} with a pf. p. = a
fut. pf. e.g. %{kRtavAn@bhaviSyasi}, you will have done MBh. ; the pf. P. %{babhUva}
after the syllable %{Am} is put for the pf. of verbs of the 10. cl. &c. [cf. 1. %{as} and 1. %
{kR}] ; the A1. appears in this meaning S3is3. ix, 84 Kum. xiv. 46 ; observe also %
{bhavati} with a fut. tense, it is possible that, e.g. %{bhavati@bhavAn@yAjayiSyati}, it is
possible that you will cause a sacrifice to be performed Pa1n2. 3-3, 146 Sch. ; %{bhavet},
may be, granted, admitted Ka1s3. on P. iii, 2. 114 ; %{bhavatu} id., well, good, enough of
this Ka1v. Hit. ; %{iticed@bhavet}, if this question should be asked Mn. x, 66 ; %
{kva@tad@bhavati}, what is to become of this, it is quite useless TBr. ; with %{na} = to
cease to exist, perish, die MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; with %{iha@na}, not to be born on earth
MBh. ; with %{zata-dhA}, to fall into a hundred pieces MBh. ; with %{dUrataH}, to keep
aloof. S3a1rn3gP. ; with %{manasi} or %{cetasi} and gen., to occur to the mind of any
one Ka1d. ; id. with gen. alone Lalit.) ; to fall to the share or become the property of,
belong to (cf. `" esse alicujus ; `" with gen., rarely dat. or loc. accord. to Vop. also with %

{pari} or %{prati} and preceding acc.) RV. &c. &c. ; to be on the side of, assist (with gen.
or %{-tas}) MBh. 1301 (cf. Pa1n2. 5-4, 48 Sch.) ; to serve for, tend or conduce to (with
dat. of thing) RV. &c. &c. (with %{phalAya}. to bear fruit Ka1m.) ; to be occupied with or
engaged in, devote one's self to (with loc.) MBh. Ka1v. ; to thrive or prosper in (instr.),
turn out well, succeed RV. TS. Br. ; to be of consequence or useful Mn. iii, 181 ; (also A1.
Dha1tup. xxxiv, 37) to fall, or get into, attain to, obtain Br. MBh. ; (with %{ida4m}) to
obtain it i.e. be successful or fortunate TS.: Pass. %{bhUyate} (or %{-ti} Up. ; aor. %
{abhAvi}) sometimes used impers. e.g. %{yair@bhaviSyate}, by whom it will be existed
i.e. who will be Ra1jat.: Caus. %{bhAvayati} (rarely %{-te} ; aor. %{abIbhavat} Gr. ; inf.
%{bhAvitum} R. ; Pass. %{bhAvyate} &c. MBh.), to cause to be or become, call into
existence or life, originate, produce, cause, create Pur. Sa1h. ; to cherish, foster, animate,
enliven, refresh, encourage, promote, further AitUp. MBh. &c. ; to addict or devote one's
self to, practise (acc.) MBh. HYog. ; to subdue, control R. ; (also A1. Dha1tup. xxxiv, 37)
to obtain Jaim. Sch. ; to manifest, exhibit, show, betray MBh. Ka1m. Das3. ; to purify
BhP. ; to present to the mind, think about, consider, know, recognize as or take for (two
acc.) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; to mingle, mix, saturate, soak, perfume Kaus3. Sus3r. (cf. %
{bhAvita}, p. 755, col. 1): Desid, of Caus. %{bibhAvayiSati} (Pa1n2. 7-4, 80 Sch.), to wish
to cause to be &c. Br.: Desid. %{bu4bhUSati} (%{-te}), to wish or strive to become or be
RV. &c. &c. ; (with %{kSipram}), to strive to be quickly possessed MBh. ; to want to get
on, strive to prosper or succeed TS. Br. MBh. ; to want to have, care for, strive after,
esteem, honour MBh. Hariv. ; to want to take revenge BhP.: Intens, %{bo4bhavIti}, %
{bobhavati}, %{bobhoti}, %{bibhUyate}, to be frequently, to be in the habit of BhP.
Bhat2t2. ; to be transformed into (acc.) RV. AV. ; (with %{tiraH}), to keep anything
(instr.) secret S3Br. [Cf. Zd. {bu1} ; Gk. $, $ ; Lat. {fuit}, {fuat} &c. ; Slav. {byti} ; Lith.
&231127[760,2] {bu4ti} ; Germ. {bim}, {bim} ; Angl. Sax. {beo4} ; Eng. {be}.] \\ 2 mfn.
becoming, being, existing, springing, arising (ifc. ; cf. %{akSi-}, %{giri-}, %{citta-}, %
{padmabhU} &c.) ; m. N. of Vishn2u MBh. xii, 1509 (Ni1lak.) ; of an Eka7ha S3rS. ; f.

the act of becoming or arising Pa1n2. 1-4, 31 ; the place of being, space, world or
universe (also pl.) RV. AV. [761,1] ; the earth (as constituting one of the 3 worlds, and
therefore a symbolical N. for the number `" one "') Mn. MBh. &c. ; one of the three
Vya1hr2itis (see %{bhu4vas}, %{bhUr}, pp. 760 and 763) ; earth (as a substance),
ground, soil, land, lauded property ib. ; floor, pavement Megh. ; a place, spot, piece of
ground RV. &c. &c. ; the base of any geometrical figure A1ryabh. ; object, matter (see %
{vivAdasaMvAda-bhU}) ; a term for the letter %{l} Ra1matUp. ; a sacrificial fire L.
bhuud.h = was
bhuuH = become
bhuuloka *= m. (ifc. f. %{A}) the terrestrial world, earth Katha1s. Ma1rkP. (cf. %{bhUrl-}) ; %{-kailAsa-mAhAtmya} n. N. of a ch. of the Brahmo7ttKh. ; %{-sura-nAyaka} m.
an Indra of the earth Ra1jat.
bhuuri* = mfn. much, many, abundant, frequent, numerous, great, important, strong,
mighty RV. &c. &c.; ({I}) ind. much, abundantly, greatly, often, frequently ib. ({bhU4ri
kR4tvas}, many times, repeatedly RV. iii, 18, 4); m. N. of Brahm or Vishnu or S'iva L.;
of a son of Soma-datta (king of the Blhikas) MBh. Hariv. Pur.; m. n. gold L.; f. (cf. Pli
{bhUrI}) reason, intellect Lalit.
bhuuta = happened, the spirits, the dead, attendants of S'iva* = mf({A})n. become, been,
gone, past (n. the past) RV. &c. &c.; actually happened, true, real (n. an actual
occurrence, fact, matter of fact, reality) Yj. R. &c.; existing, present Kan.; (ifc.) being
or being like anything, consisting of, mixed or joined with Prt. Up. Mn. &c. (also to form
adj. out of adv., e.g. {ittham-}, {evam-}, {tathA-bh-}); purified L.; obtained L.; fit, proper

L.; often w.r. for {bhRta}; m. a son, child L.; a great devotee or ascetic L.; (pl.) N. of an
heretical sect (with Jainas, a class of the Vyantaras) L.; N. of S'iva L.; of a priest of the
gods L.; of a son of Vasu-deva and Paurav BhP.; of a son-in-law of Daksha and father of
numerous Rudras ib.; of a Yaksha Cat.; ({A} f.) the 14th day of the dark half of the lunar
month SkandaP. (L. also m.); N. of a woman HParis'.; n. (cf. above) that which is or
exists, any living being (divine, human, animal, and even vegetable), the world (in these
senses also m.) RV. &c. &c.; a spirit (good or evil), the ghost of a deceased person, a
demon, imp, goblin (also m.) GriS. Up. Mn. &c. (cf. RTL. 241); an element, one of the 5
elements (esp. a gross elelement = {mahA-bh-} q.v.; but also a subtle elelement =
{tan-mAtra} q.v.; with Buddhists there are only 4 elelement) Up. Snkhyak. Veda7ntas.
&c.; N. of the number `" five "' (cf. {mahA-bh-} and {pAJcabhautika}); well-being,
welfare, prosperity VS. TS. AitBr.
bhuutagaNaan.h = ghosts
bhuutagraamaM = all the cosmic manifestations
bhuutagraamaH = the aggregate of all living entities
bhuutabhartri = the maintainer of all living entities
bhuutabhaavana = O origin of everything
bhuutabhaavanaH = the source of all manifestations
bhuutabhaavodbhavakaraH = producing the material bodies of the living entities
bhuutabhrit.h = the maintainer of all living entities

bhuutala = on the surface of the earth

bhuutasargau = created living beings
bhuutasthaH = in the cosmic manifestation
bhuutasya = of forms
bhuutaanaaM = of living entities
bhuutaani = living entities (that are born)
bhuutaanii = all that are created
bhuutiH = exceptional power
bhuuti * = f. existence, being L.; well-being, thriving, prosperity, might, power, wealth,
fortune RV. &c. &c.; Welfare personified (= {lakSmI}) BhP.; superhuman power (as
attainable by the practice of austerity and magical rites) W.; ornament, decoration
Megh. 19; ashes Kv. Kaths.; fried meat L. (?); = {bhUmi}, earth, ground AitBr. (Sy.);
(with {marutAm}) N. of a Sman rshBr.; of various plants (Andropogon Schoenanthus
or = {rohiSa} &c.) L.; (also {-tI}), of the wife of Ruci or Kavi and the mother of Manu
Bhautya Hariv. VP.; m. a class of deceased ancestors MrkP.; N. of Vishnu MBh.; of
S'iva L.; of the father of Manu Bhautya MrkP.; of a Brhman L.
bhuutejyaaH = worshipers of ghosts and spirits
bhuutesha = O Lord of everything

bhuuteshhu = living entities

bhuutvaa = having come into being
bhuupa = king
bhuupaTaH = (m) map, chart
bhuupati = lord of the earth (king)
bhuubhrit.h = mountain
bhUman * = n. the earth, world RV. AV.; a territory, country, district s'vGri.; a being
(pl) the aggregate of all existing things RV.; ({bhUma4n}) m. abundance, plenty, wealth,
opulence, multitude, majority RV. &c. &c. (ifc. filled with Mcar.; {bhUmnA} ind.
generally, usually Kv. Rjat.; {bhUnA4} ind. plentifully, abundantly RV.); the pl.
number ({bhUmni}, in the plural) L.; N. of Kriishna BhP.; f. a collection, assembly
S'nkhBr.
bhUmaNDala* = n. `" earth-circle "', orbis terrarum, the terrestrial globe Cn. Pur.
Kaths. &c.; the circumference or circuit of the earth Sryas.
bhuumiH = earth* f. (Ved. also nom. {bhU4mI} gen. abl. {-myAs} loc. {-myAm}) the
earth, soil, ground RV. &c. &c.; (pl. divisions of the world; cf. {bhUmi-traya}); a
territory. country, district ib.; a place, situation S'Br. &c. &c.; position, posture, attitude
MBh. Kv. &c.; the part or personification (played by an actor) Kaths.; the, floor of a
house, story Megh. Kaths.; the area S'ulbas.; the base of any geometrical figure Col.;
(metaph.) a step, degree, stage Yogas. (with Buddhists there are 10 or 13 stages of

existence or perfection Dharmas. 45; 46); extent, limit Kir.; (ifc.) a matter, subject,
object, receptacle i.e. fit object or person for (cf. {vizvAsa-}, {sneha-bh-} &c., and
{pAtra}, {bhAjana}); the tongue L.; m. N. of a son or grandson of Yuyudhna and father
of Yugandhara Hariv. VP.
bhuumiti = geometry
bhuumiisuta = A name for the planet Mars
bhuumnaa= m*V= supreme. unlimited
bhuuyaH = repeatedly
bhuuyo = again
bhuuri = much, great* = mfn. much, many, abundant, frequent, numerous, great,
important, strong, mighty RV. &c. &c.; ({I}) ind. much, abundantly, greatly, often,
frequently ib. ({bhU4ri kR4tvas}, many times, repeatedly RV. iii, 18, 4); m. N. of
Brahm or Vishnu or S'iva L.; of a son of Soma-datta (king of the Blhikas) MBh. Hariv.
Pur.; m. n. gold L.; f. (cf. Pli {bhUrI}) reason, intellect Lalit.
bhuushanaM = ornament (Nr.nom.sing.)
bhuushhaNa = ornament
bhuushhita = adorned
bhuushin *= mfn. (ifc.) adorned with MBh. Hariv.

bhuuya* = n. (ifc.) becoming, being (see {amutra-}, {Atma-} &c

bhyas * = cl. 1. A1. (Dha1tup.xvi, 27) %{bhya4sate} (only impf. %{a4bhyasetAm} RV. ;
Subj. %{bhya4sAt} SV. ; Gr. also pf. %{babhyase} fut. %{bhyasiSyati} &c.: Caus. %
{bhyAsayati}: Desid. %{bibhyasiSate}: Intens. %{bAbhyasyate}, %{bAbhyasti}), to fear,
be afraid, tremble (cf. %{bhI}, of which this is a secondary form, prob. through %
{bhiyas}).
bhyasa * = see %{sva-bhyasa4}.
biibhatasa* = mf({A})n. (fr. Desid. of {bAdh}) loathsome, disgusting, revolting, hideous
S'nkhBr. S'rS. MBh. &c.; loathing, detesting L.; envious, cruel, wicked L.; changed or
estranged in mind L.; m. disgust, abhorrence; (with rasa) the sentiment of disgust (one
of the 8 Rasas q.v.) Das'ar. Sh.; N. of Arjuna L.; ({A4}) f. loathing, abhorrence VS. (cf.
{a4-b-}); n. anything loathsome or hideous, a hhideous sight Mlatm.; {-karman} mfn.
doing loathsome or wicked things (as an abusive word) Mcar.; {-tA} f. loathsomeness,
detestableness MBh.; prab.
bibhakSayiSA * = f. (fr. Desid. of {bhaj}) a desire of eating or enjoying Nyyam.
bibhakSayiSu * =mfn. desirous of eating MBh. MrkP.; -, {-daMSTrin} mfn. having
teeth ddesirous of eeating "', hungry. mouthed VarBriS.
bibhaNiSu * =mfn. (fr. Desid. of {bhaN}) desirous of speaking S'l.
biibhatsa * =mf({A})n. (fr. Desid. of {bAdh}) loathsome, disgusting, revolting, hideous
S'nkhBr. S'rS. MBh. &c.; loathing, detesting L.; envious, cruel, wicked L.; changed or
estranged in mind L.; m. disgust, abhorrence; (with rasa) the sentiment of disgust (one

of the 8 Rasas q.v.) Das'ar. Sh.; N. of Arjuna L.; ({A4}) f. loathing, abhorrence VS. (cf.
{a4-b-}); n. anything loathsome or hideous, a hhideous sight Mlatm.; {-karman} mfn.
doing loathsome or wicked things (as an abusive word) Mcar.; {-tA} f. loathsomeness,
detestableness MBh.; prab.
bibhitsaa f. (fr. Desid. of %{bhid}) a desire to break through or destroy or pierce or
penetrate (with acc. or gen.). MBh. Ka1d. (cf. Siddh. on Pa1n2. 2-3, 66). %{-tsu} mfn.
desirous of breaking through &c. (with acc.) MBh. BhP.
bibhrajjiSu * = m. `" that which wishes to destroy "', fire Bhathth.; {-prakhya} mfn.
resembling fire ib. (= {agni-tulya} Sch.)
bibhrakSu * = mfn. (fr. Desid. of {bhrajj}) wishing to parch or destroy Bhathth.; m. fire
W.
bibhrat *= mfn. (pr.p. of %{bhR}) bearing, carrying RV. &c. &c.
bila * = n. (also written %{vila} ; ifc. f. %{A}) a cave, hole, pit, opening, aperture RV.
&c. &c. ; the hollow (of a dish), bowl (of a spoon or ladle) &c. AV. VS. S3Br. S3rS. ; m.
Calamus Rotang L. ; Indra's horse Uccaih2-s3ravas L. ; N. of two kinds of fish L.
bimba *= m. n. (also written %{vimba}, or %{vimva}, of doubtful origin, but cf. Un2. iv,
95 Sch. ; ifc. f. %{A}) the disk of the sun or moon Ka1v. Pur. &c. ; any disk, sphere, orb
(often applied to the rounded parts of the body) Ka1lid. Pan5cat. ; a mirror S3vetUp.
Kum. ; an image, shadow, reflected or represented form, picture, type R. BhP. Ra1jat. ;
(in rhet.) the object compared (as opp. to %{prati-bimba}, `" the counterpart "' to which
it is compared) Sa1h. Prata1p. ; m. a lizard, chameleon Gaut. ; N. of a man Ra1jat. ; (%

{A}) f. Momordica Monadelpha (a plant bearing a bright-red gourd) L. ; N. of 2 metres

Col. ; N. of the wife of Ba1la7ditya (king of Kas3mi1ra) Ra1jat. ; (%{I}) f. Momordica
Monadelpha, Sulr. (cf. g. %{gaurA7di}) ; N. of the mother of king Bimbi-sa1ra (below)
Buddh. ; n. the fruit of the Momordica Monadelpha (to which the lips of women are often
compared) MBh. Ka1v. &c.
bindu * = m. (once n. MBh.; in later language mostly written {vindu}) a detached
particle, drop, globule, dot, spot AV. &c. &c.; (with {hiraNyaya}) a pearl AV. xix, 30, 5
(cf. {-phala}); a drop of water taken as a measure L.; a spot or mark of coloured paint on
the body of an elephant Kum.; (ifc. also {-ka}) the dot over a letter representing the
Anusvra (supposed to be connected with Siva and of great mystical importance) MBh.
Kaths. BhP.; a zero or cypher R. (in manuscripts put over an erased word to show that it
ought not to be erased = `" stet "' Naish.); a partic. mark like a dot made in cauterizing
Sus'r.; a mark made by the teeth of a lover on the lips of his mistress L.; a coloured mark
made on the forehead between the eyebrows L.; (in dram.) the sudden development of a
secondary incident (which, like a drop of oil in water, expands and furnishes an
important element in the plot) Sh. (ifc. also {-ka}); m. N. of a man g. {bidA7di}; of an
ngirasa (author of RV. viii, 83; ix, 30) Anukr.; of the author of a Rasa-paddhati Cat.; pl.
N. of a warrior tribe g. {dAmany-Adi}.
bis'a * = %{biSa} w.r. for %{bisa}.
bisa * = n. (m. only Hariv. 15445 ; also written %{vIsa} ; ifc. f. %{A}) a shoot or sucker ,
the film or fibre of the water-lily or lotus , also the stalk itself or that part of it which is
underground (eaten as a delicacy) RV. &c. &c. ; the whole lotus plant MBh. xii , 7974.
bishayanti *V= threatening, [abhrayantii f. (pr. p. fr. %{abhraya} Nom. P.) `" forming

clouds , bringing rainy weather "'N. of one of the seven Kr2ittika1s TS. TBr.]
boddhavyaM = should be understood
bodhayantaH = preaching
bodhi = supreme knowledge
bodhita = having been taught/enlightened
bodhya * = to be known or understood, to be regarded or recognized as (nom.)
Veda7ntas. BhP. Sh. &c.; to be made known Veda7ntas.; to be enlightened or instructed
Kaths.; m. N. of a Riishi MBh.
braahma * = mf({I})n. (fr. {brahman}, for which it is also the Vriiddhi form in comp.)
relating to Brahma8 or Brahm, holy, sacred, divine AV. &c. &c.; relating to sacred
knowledge, prescribed by the Veda, scriptural Mn. ii, 150 &c.; sacred to the Veda (with or
scil. {tIrtha} n. the part of the hand situated at the root of the thumb), ii, 59 &c.; relating
or belonging to the Brhmans or the sacerdotal class peculiar or favourable to or
consisting of Brhmans Brahmanical Mn. MBh. &c. (with {nidhi} m. money bestowed on
the sacerdotal class Mn. vii, 89); belonging to an inhabitant of Brahm's world
Jtakam.; m. (with or scil. {vivAha}) N. of a form of marriage (in which the bride is
bestowed on the bridegroom without requiring anything from him) Mn. iii, 21 &c.; N. of
a man (son of Kriishna and father of Mahe7s'vara) Cat.; patr. of Nrada L.; of Kavi
MBh.; of rdhva-nbhan and Raksho-han RAnukr.; ({I}) f. see {brAhmI}; n. sacred
study, study of the Veda BhP.; (with or scil. {tIrtha}) see above.
braahma* = {brAhmaNa} &c. see p. 741.

braahmamuhuurta *= m. n. a partic. period of the day (that included between the 4th
Ghat2ika1 and the 2nd before sunrise), dawn L. (cf. Mn. iv, 92). ( see also:
brahmamuhuurta).
braahmaNa = Brahmin, priest, knower of Brahma (brahmaM jaanaati iti) * = mfn.
relating to or given by a Brhman, befitting or becoming a BrBrhman, Brhmanical
AV. TBr. MBh.; ({-Na4}) m. one who has divine knowledge (sometimes applied to Agni),
a Brhman, a man belonging to the 1st of the 3 twice-born classes and of the 4 original
divisions of the Hind body (generally a priest, but often in the present day a layman
engaged in non-priestly occupations although the name is strictly only applicable to one
who knows and repeats the Veda) RV. &c. &c.; = {brAhmaNAcchaMsin} KtyS'r.; a
Brhman in the second stage (between Mtra and S'rotriya) Hcat.; N. of the 28th lunar
mansion L.; ({I}) f. see {brAhmaNI}; n. that which is divine, the divine AV.; sacred or
ddivine power ib. s'vGri.; Brhmanical explanation, explanations of sacred knowledge
or doctrine (esp. for the use of the Brhmans in their sacrifices) Br.; the Brhmana
portion of the Veda (as distinct from its Mantra and Upanishad portion) and consisting
of a class of works called Brhmanas (they contain rules for the employment of the
Mantras or hymns at various sacrifices, with detailed explanations of their origin and
meaning and numerous old legends; they are said by Syana to contain two parts: 1.
{vidhi}, rules or directions for rites; 2. {artha-vAda}, explanatory remarks; each Veda
has its own Brhmana, that of the RV. is preserved in 2 works, viz. the Aitareya,
sometimes called s'valyana, and the Kaushtaki or S'nkhyana-BrBrhmana; the
white Yajur-veda has the S'ata-patha-BrBrhmana; the black Yajur-veda has the
Taittirya-BrBrhmana which differs little from the text of its Sanhit; the SV. has 8
BrBrhmana, the best known of which are the Praudha or Paca-vins'a and the
Shadvins'a; the AV. has one BrBrhmana called Go-patha) Nir. GriS'rS. &c.; the Soma

vessel of the Brahman priest RV. AV.; a society or assemblage of Brhmans, a conclave
W.
braahmaNaH = )Masc.Nom.S) the Brahmin
braahmaNasya = of the man who knows the Supreme Brahman
braahmaNaa = sacrificial formulae1 * = mfn. relating to or given by a Bra1hman,
befitting or becoming a BrBra1hman, Bra1hmanical AV. TBr. MBh.; (%{-Na4}) m. one
who has divine knowledge (sometimes applied to Agni), a Bra1hman, a man belonging to
the 1st of the 3 twice-born classes and of the 4 original divisions of the Hindu1 body
(generally a priest, but often in the present day a layman engaged in non-priestly
occupations although the name is strictly only applicable to one who knows and repeats
the Veda) RV. &c. &c.; = %{brAhmaNAcchaMsin} Ka1tyS3r.; a Bra1hman in the second
stage (between Ma1tra and S3rotriya) Hcat.; N. of the 28th lunar mansion L.; (%{I}) f.
see %{brAhmaNI}; n. that which is divine, the divine AV.; sacred or ddivine power ib.
A1s3vGr2.; Bra1hmanical explanation, explanations of sacred knowledge or doctrine
(esp. for the use of the Bra1hmans in their sacrifices) Br.; the Bra1hman2a portion of the
Veda (as distinct from its Mantra and Upanishad portion) and consisting of a class of
works called Bra1hman2as (they contain rules for the employment of the Mantras or
hymns at various sacrifices, with detailed explanations of their origin and meaning and
numerous old legends; they are said by Sa1yan2a to contain two parts: 1. %{vidhi}, rules
or directions for rites; 2. %{artha-vAda}, explanatory remarks; each Veda has its own
Bra1hman2a, that of the RV. is preserved in 2 works, viz. the Aitareya, sometimes called
A1s3vala1yana, and the Kaushi1taki or S3a1n3kha1yana-BrBra1hman2a; the white
Yajur-veda has the S3ata-patha-BrBra1hman2a; the black Yajur-veda has the
Taittiri1ya-BrBra1hman2a which differs little from the text of its Sam2hita1; the SV.

has 8 BrBra1hman2a, the best known of which are the Praud2ha or Pan5ca-vin6s3a
and the Shad2vins3a; the AV. has one BrBra1hman2a called Go-patha) Nir. Gr2S3rS.
&c.; the Soma vessel of the Brahman priest RV. AV.; a society or assemblage of
Bra1hmans, a conclave W.
braahmaNaaH = brhmanas
braahmaNaan.h = Brahmins
braahmaNe = in the brhmana
braahmi *= mfn. (fr. %{bra4hman}) holy , divine VS.
braahmii = spiritual *= f. (of %{brAhma4} q.v.) the S3akti or personified energy of
Brahma1 (regarded as one of the 8 Ma1tr2is or divine mothers of created beings ; in
MBh. ix , 2655 they are said to attend Skanda) L. ; speech or the goddess of speech (=
Sarasvati1) MBh. i , 19 ; N. of Durga1 Devi1P. ; the wife of a Bra1hman W. ; (in music) N.
of a Mu1rchana1 Sam2gi1t. ; a religious practice , pious usage (%{-myA} ind. according
to pious usage) R. ; a woman married according to the Bra1hma rite Gaut. Vishn2. (cf. %
{-putra}) , the constellation Rohin2i L. ; a female fish or frog W. ; a species of ant L. ; N.
of various plants (Clerodendrum Siphonantus , Ruta Graveolens , Enhydra Hingcha &c.)
L. ; a kind of brass L. ; N. of a river S3atr. ; (with %{saMhitA}) N. of wk.
braM = (root) to wander
bra4hma = cosmos * = 1 m. a priest (see {asura-}, {ku-}, {mahAbr-}); n. the one selfexistent Spirit, the Absolute R.

brahma * = 2 in comp. for {brahman}. - Observe that in the following derivatives the
nom. n. (Brahma8) is used for the impersonal Spirit and the nom. m. (Brahm) for the
personal god.
brahmaaNDa* = n. `" Brahm's egg "', the universe, world (also pl.) Hariv. Sryas. Pur.
(also {-kaTAha} m. ryabh. Sch.); N. of a Purna and an Upapurna; {-kapAla} m. the
skull or hemisphere of the world, the inhabited earth Hcar.; {-kalpa} m. {-jJAnamahArAja-tantra} n. and {-tantra} n. N. of Tntric wks.; {-purANa} n. N. of one of the 18
Purnas (so called as revealed by Brahm and containing an account of the egg of
Brahm and the future Kalpas; cf. IW. 514; 521); {-bhANDo7dara} n. the interior of the
vessel-like egg of Brahm MW. [740,3]; {-yAmale paJcamI-sAdhana} n. N. of wk.
brahmaM = (Acc.S)the great self
brahmacharya = control of sexual impulses
brahmacarya * = n. study of the Veda, the state of an unmarried religious student, a state
of continence and chastity (also {A} f. Hariv.) AV. &c. &c. (acc. with {grah}, {car}, {vas},
{A-gam}, {upa-i}, to practise chchastity; cf. {-cArin}); {-tva} n. the unmarried state,
continence, chastity Hariv.; {-vat} mfn. leading the life of an unmarried religious
student, practising chchastity past. MBh.; {-vrata} n. a vow of chchastity, BeahmaP.;
{-skhalana} n. deviating from chchastity MW.; {-ryA7zrama} m. the period of
unmarried religious studentship MBh.
brahmacharyaM = celibacy
brahmacharyaasana = the posterior stretch posture

brahmachaariNau = (2)bachelors
brahmachaarin.h = celebates, established in (the persuit of) Brahma
brahmachaarivrate = in the vow of celibacy
brahmajiGYaasaa = desire to know or understand Brahman
brahmaNaH = gen. sing. of brahman
brahmaNaa = by the spirit soul
brahmaNi = Brahman.h;God
brahmatejobalaM = the power or might arising out of the effulgence of Brahman
brahmadaNDena = (Nr.instr.S) the big egg i.e Universe
brahmadvaara = the door where kundalini enters the spine
brahman.h = the preceptor
brahmanirvaaNaM = the spiritual kingdom of God
brahmabhuH = the earth
brahmabhuyaaya = elevated to the Brahman platform

brahmabhuutaM = liberation by identification with the Absolute

brahmabhuutaH = being self-realized
brahmabhuuyaaya = for self-realization
brahmamayaH = full of Brahma (Ananda) i.e.bliss
brahmapadaM = the state/position of Brahma/god-realised state
brahmayoga = by concentration in Brahman
brahmavaadinaaM = of the transcendentalists
brahmavit.h = one who knows the Supreme perfectly
brahmavidaH = who know the Absolute
brahmasa.nsparshaM = being in constant touch with the Supreme
brahmasamaaja = Brahmasamaj, a movement in 19-20th century near Calcutta
brahmasuutra = of the Vedanta
brahmaa = non. sing of brahman, masc
brahmaaNaM = Lord Brahma

brahmaaNDapraaNa = cosmic breath

brahmaadiinaamapi = even of Brahma and others
brahmaadyaacharaNaM = practises this brahma science
brahmaasi = are Brahma
brahmaasmi = brahmA and asmi: Brahma and am
brahmamuhuurta m. a partic. hour of the day Sin6ha7s. (see also:
braahmamuhuurta)
brahmishthha *= mfn. (superl. fr. %{brahma4n}) a Bra1hman in the highest degree (as
a N. of Brihaspati or Praja1-pati and of very learned and pious Bra1hmans or princes)
TS. &c. &c. ; m. N. of a prince Ragh. ; (%{A}) f. N. of Durga1 Devi1P.
braviimi = I am speaking
braviishhi = You are explaining
briMh* = {bRnhaNa} &c. see 2. 4. {bRh}.
briMhaNa* = mfn. (fr. Caus.) making big or fat or strong, nourishing Sus'r.; m. a kind of
sweetmeat W.; n. the act of making big &c. ib.; a means for making strong or firm RPrt.
briMhaNatva* = n. the quality of making fat or strong Sus'r.; the quality of making solid
or firm Hariv.

briMhaNIya* = mfn. to be fattened or nourished Pn. 8-2 Sch.; fattening, nutritious

Sus'r.
briMhayitavya* = mfn. to be nourished or strengthened Sus'r.
briMhayitR* = mfn. strengthening, increasing L.
briMhita* =1 mfn. (for 2. see under 4. {bRh}) strengthened, nourished, cherished,
grown, increased MBh. Hariv. &c.; ({A}) f. N. of one of the Mtriis attendant on Skanda
MBh.; (v.l. {bRMhila}). \\=2 n. (for 1. see under 2. {bRh}) the roar or noise made by
elephants MBh. Kv. &c.
brihat * mf({atI4})n. (in later language usually written {vRhat}) lofty, high, tall, great,
large, wide, vast, abundant, compact, solid, massy, strong, mighty RV. &c. &c.; fullgrown, old RV.; extended or bright (as a luminous body) ib.; clear, loud (said of sounds)
ib.; m. N. of a Marut Hariv.; of a prince MBh.; of a son of Su-hotra and father of Ajamidha Hariv. m. or n. (?) speech ({-tAm pati} = {bRhaspati}) S'is'. ii, 26; ({tI}) f. see s.v.;
n. height (also= heaven, sky) RV.; N. of various Smans composed in the metrical form
Briihat (also with {Aneyam}, {bharad-vAjasya}. {bhAradvAjam}, {vAmadevyam},
{sauram}) rshBr. [736, 1]; N. of Brahman, Bhp.; of the Veda ib.; ({a4t}) ind. far and
wide, on high RV.; firmly, compactly ib.; brightly ib.; greatly, much ib.; aloud ib. (also
{atA4} AV.)
bri^ihatsaama = the Braahat-sama
bri^ihaspatiM = Brhaspati
bri^ihaspatiH = the teacher of the Devas called "Brihaspati" literally

bri^ihaspatirdadhaatu = Brihaspadi may give us

bri^ihaspatii = A name of the planet Jupiter
bri^ihaspatii-varshha = The Jovian or Jupiter Year. Cycle of 60 years which starts with
the first New Moon in Tropical Aries. Mundane Astrology term
bri^ihaspatiivaara = Thursday
brisii * = f. (also written {briSI}, {vRsI}, or {vRSI}) a roll of twisted grass, pad, cushion,
(esp.) the seat of a religious student or of an ascetic, S'rs. MBh. &c.
bruu = to speak * = cl. 2. P. A1. (Dha1tup. xxiv, 35) %{bra4vIti}, %{brUte4} (only pr.
stem; the other forms are supplied by %{vac} cf. Pa1n2. 2-4, 53; %{brUmi} for %
{bravImi} R.; Subj. %{bra4vas}, %{-vat} RV.; Impv. %{brUhi}, ep. also %{bravIhi}, %
{bruvadhvam}; %{brUtAt} Pa1n2. 7-i, 35 Sch.; impf. %{abruvam} for %{abravam} Up.
MBh.; pr.p. A1. ep. %{bruvamANa} for %{bruvANa}; Prec. 2. pl. %{brUyAsta} Nal. xvii,
36, prob. w.r. for %{brUyAs@tat}), to speak, say, tell (either intrans.; or with acc. of
pers. or thing; or with acc. of thing and acc. dat. gen. or loc. of person = to tell or relate
anything to; with two acc. also = declare or pronounce to be, call) RV. &c. &c.; to speak
about any person or thing (acc. with or without %{prati}, or %{adhikRtya}) Mn. MBh.
Ka1v. &c.; to proclaim predict Var.; to answer (either intrans. with %{punar} or trans.
with %{praznam}, `" a question "') Mn. MBh.; (with %{anyathA}) to speak or decide or
judge wrongly Mn. Pan5cat.; (A1., rarely P.) to call or profess one's self to be (nom.,
rarely with %{iti}) RV. Br. MBh.; (A1.) to designate for one's self, choose AitBr.; (A1.) to
be told by itself tell itself (tell its tale) Pa1n2. 3-1, 89 Va1rtt. 1 Pat. [Cf. Zd. {mru1}.]

[742,2]
bruuhi = tell
bubhuushu *= mfn. wishing to be or become anything (nom.) S3is3. HParis3.; wishing to
become powerful or prevail Ka1tyS3r. MBh. BhP.; wishing the welfare of (gen.) MBh.
(see also vibhubhusu)
bubhuushaka *= mfn. (fr. Desid. of %{bhu}) wishing the welfare of , wishing to be of
service to (gen. or comp.) MBh. %{-SA} f. desire of being or living S3a1n3khBr. BhP.
[735,2]
bubhuushu *= mfn. wishing to be or become anything (nom.) S3is3. HParis3. ; wishing
to become powerful or prevail Ka1tyS3r. MBh. BhP. ; wishing the welfare of (gen.) MBh.
bruva *= see col. 2.
bruva *= mf(%{A})n. calling one's self by a name without any real title to it ; being
merely nominally (ifc. ; cf. %{kSatriya-} , %{dvija-} , %{brAhmaNa-bruva}).
bruvaaNa *= mfn. speaking , telling , saying ; ifc. = prec. (cf. %{brahma-br-}).
bubhutsaatsu *= mfn. wishing to know (acc. or comp.) MBh. Das3. &c. ; curious ,
inquisitive Naish. ; desirous to know everything (said of the gods) MBh.
bud.hdhyaa = by intelligence
bud.hdhvaa = knowing

bud.hbudaaH = (m) bubbles

buddha = Buddha* mfn. awakened, awake MBh.; expanded, blown SmavBr.;
conscious, intelligent, clever, wise (opp. to {mUDha}) MBh. Kv. &c.; learnt, known,
understood past. MBh. (`" by "', usually instr., but also gen. according to Pn. 2-2, 12;
3, 67 Sch.); m. a wise or learned man, sage W.; (with Buddhists) a fully enlightened man
who has achieved perfect knowledge of the truth and thereby is liberated from all
existence and before his own attainment of Nirvna reveals the method of obtaining it,
(esp.) the principal Buddha of the present age (born at Kapila-vastu about the year 500
B.C. his father, S'uddhodana, of the S'kya tribe or family, being the Rja of that district,
and his mother, My-dev, being the daughter of Rja Su-prabuddha MWB. 19 &c.;
hence he belonged to the Kshatriya caste and his original name S'kya-muni or S'kyasinha was really his family name, while that of Gautama was taken from the race to
which his family belonged; for his other names see ib. 23; he is said to have died when he
was 80 years of age, prob. about 420 B.C. ib. 49 n. 1; he was preceded by 3 mythical
Buddhas of the present Kalpa, or by 24, reckoning previous Kalpa, or according to others
by 6 principal Buddhas ib. 136; sometimes he is regarded as the 9th incarnation of
Vishnu Hariv. Kv. Var. &c.); n. knowledge BhP. (B. {buddhi}).
buddhagataM = having gone to Buddhaor due to Buddha
buddhayaH = intelligence
buddhi = intelligence
buddhiM = intelligence

buddhiH = intellect
buddhinaashaH = loss of intelligence
buddhinaashaat.h = and from loss of intelligence
buddhibhedaM = disruption of intelligence
buddhimataaM = of the intelligent
buddhimaan.h = is intelligent
buddhiyuktaH = one who is engaged in devotional service
buddhiyuktaaH = being engaged in devotional service
buddhiyogaM = real intelligence
buddhiyogaat.h = on the strength of KRishhNa consciousness
buddhisa.nyogaM = revival of consciousness
buddhii = Intelligence
buddheH = more than the intelligence
buddhau = in such consciousness

budha = wise
budhaH = the intelligent person
budhakaushika = the person budhakaushika
budhakaushikaH = budhakaushikaH (the author of this hymn)
budhavaara = Wednesday
budhaaH = those who know
budhaadityayoga = Combination for learning
budhiH = mind

ca* = 1 and, likewise, accordingly (introducing quotations) Mn. ix, 19 and 45 Dhrtas.
Hit. iti
ca* = 2 ind. (fr. pronominal base 3. {i}), in this manner, thus (in its original signification
{iti} refers to something that has been said or thought, or lays stress on what precedes; in
the Brhmanas it is often equivalent to `" as you know "', reminding the hearer or reader

of certain customs, conditions, &c. supposed to be known to him). In quotations of every

kind {iti} means that the preceding words are the very words which some person has or
might have spoken, and placed thus at the end of a speech it serves the purpose of
inverted commas ({ity uktvA}, having so said; {iti kRtvA}, having so considered, having
so decided). It may often have reference merely to what is passing in the mind e.g. {bAlo
'pi nA7vamantavyo manuSya iti bhUmipaH}, a king, though a child, is not to be
despised, saying to one's self, `" he is a mortal "', (Gr. 928.) In dram. {iti tathA karoti}
means `" after these words he acts thus. "' Sometimes {iti} is used to include under one
head a number of separate objects aggregated together (e.g. {ijyA7dhyayanadAnAni
tapaH satyaM kSamA damaH} {alobha iti mArgo 'yam}, `" sacrificing, studying,
liberality, penance, truth, patience, self-restraint, absence of desire "', this course of
conduct, &c.) {iti} is sometimes followed by {evam}, {iva}, or a demonstrative pronoun
pleonastically (e.g. {tAm brUyAd bhavatI7ty evam}, her he may call `" lady "', thus). {iti}
may form an adverbial compound with the name of an author (e.g. {iti-pANini}, thus
according to Pnini). It may also express the act of calling attention (lo! behold!) It may
have some other significations e.g. something additional (as in {ityAdi}, et caetera),
order, arrangement specific or distinctive, and identity. It is used by native
commentators after quoting a rule to express `" according to such a rule "' (e.g.
{anudAttaGita ity Atmanepadam bhavati}, according to the rule of Pnini i, 3, 12, the
tmane-pada takes place). {kim iti} = {kim}, wherefore, why? (In the S'atapathabrhmana {ti} occurs for {iti}; cf. Prkriit {ti} and {tti}.)
caakra4 * = mfn. (fr. {cakra4}) carried on (a battle) with the discus Hariv. 5648;
belonging to a wheel W.; circular W.; m. N. of a man S'Br. xii.
caala *= m. (%{cal} g. %{jvalA7di}) `" moving "' see %{danta-} ; looseness of the teeth
VarBr2S. lxvi , 5 Sch. ; a thatch , roof L. ; (for %{cA4Sa}) the blue jay L.

caalya *= mfn. id. Gol. xi , 4 Sch. ; (%{a-} neg.) MBh. xiii , 2161 ; to be loosened Sus3r.
vi , 15 , 15 ; to be caused to deviate BhP. ii , 7 , 17
caaNDa *= m. patr. fr. %{ca4NDa} g. %{zivA7di} ; n. violence &c. g. %{pRthv-Adi}.
caapaala * = N. of a Caitya DivyA7v.
caapala * = n. (fr. {cap-} g. {yuvA7di}) mobility, swiftness Ragh. iii, 42 BhP. vii, 12, 20;
agitation, unsteadiness, fickleness, inconsiderateness, insolence Gaut. ix, 50 Pn. 8-1, 12
Vrtt. 5 MBh. &c.
caara * = m. ({car}) = {cara}, a spy Mn. vii, ix MBh. i, 5604 R. Mriicch. Kaths.; going,
motion, progression, course (of asterisms VarBriS. BhP. v, 22, 12) ChUp. vii, 1, 5 R. &c.;
wandering about, travelling W.; `" proceeding "' see {kAma-}; practising MBh. v, 1410; a
bond, fetter L.; a prison L.; Buchanania latifolia Bhpr.; n. a factitious poison L. (v.l. for
{vAra}); ({I}) f. a particular step (in dancing); a trap, snare HParis'. i, 353.
caaraNa* = mfn. depending on a Vedic school ({caraNa}) p.; belonging to the same
Vedic school (`" reading the scripture "' W.) Gaut.; m. a wandering actor or singer Mn.
xii, 44 MBh. v, 1039 and 1442 VarBriS. Pacat. &c.; a celestial singer MBh. R. S'ak. BhP.
Gt. i, 2; a spy BhP. iv, 16, 12 Blar.; n. ( {car}, Caus.) `" pasturing, tending "' see {go-}; a
kind of process applied to mercury; ({I}) f. a female celestial singer Blar. ix, 21/22 ff.;
Hibiscus mutabilis Npr.
caarita mfn. set in motion Ra1jat. iv, 653; caused to be done by (instr.) MBh. xii, 11584.
[393,3]
caaritra* =m. (%{car} cf. %{zAmitra}) `" moving "'N. of a Marut Hariv. 11547; n. (= %

{car-}) proceeding, manner of acting, conduct R. iii, iv Pan5cat. (ifc. f. %{A}); good
conduct, good character, reputation Hariv. 10204 Nal. R. &c. (`" life in accordance with
the 5 great vows "' Jain.); peculiar observance, peculiarity of customs or conditions W.; a
ceremony Buddh. L.; (%{A}) f. the tamarind tree L.
caarma: made of skin, hide, leather
caaru* = mf({us})n. (2. {can}) agreeable, approved, esteemed, beloved, endeared, (Lat.)
{carus}, dear (with dat. or loc. of the person) RV. VS. xxxv, 17 TS. iii TBr. iii, 1, 1, 9
SnkhS'r. i, 5, 9; pleasing, lovely, beautiful, pretty RV. AV. MBh. &c.; ind. so as to please,
agreeably (with dat.) RV. ix, 72, 7 and 86, 21 AV. vii, xii, xiv; beautifully Hariv. Caurap.;
m. (in music) a particular {vAsaka}; N. of Briihaspati L.; of a son of Kriishna Hariv.
6699 BhP. x, 61, 9; of a Cakra-vartin Buddh.; n. (v.l. for {vara}) saffron L. Sch.; ({vI}) f.
a beautiful woman L.; splendour L.; moonlight L.; intelligence L.; N. of Kubera's wife L.
caitya* = 1 m. (fr. 5. {cit} or 2. {citi}) the individual soul BhP. iii, 26; 28, 28; 31, 19
Sarvad. ii, 198f.
caitya* =2 mfn. relating to a funeral pile or mound ({citA}) s'vGri. iii, 6 Griihys. ii, 4;
m. n. a funeral monument or Stpa (q.v.) or pyramidal column containing the ashes of
deceased persons, sacred tree (esp. a religious fig-tree) growing on a mound, hall or
temple or place of worship (esp. with Buddh. and Jain. and generally containing a
monument), a sanctuary near a village s'vGri. i, 12 Pars'. Yj. ii, 151 & 228 MBh. &c.;
a Jain or Buddh. image L.; m. = {-tyaka}, ii, 814.
caitaki* = m. pl. (fr. {cetaka}) N. of a family Pravar. ii, 2, 2.

caitta* = mfn. belonging to thought ({citta4}), imagined Veda7ntas.; mental, mdar. ii,
2, 18 Sch. Prab. Sch.
caitra* = m. N. of the 2nd spring month (its full moon standing in the constellation Citr
cf. Pn. 4-2, 23) S'nkhBr. xix, 3 KtyS'r. Lthy. Mn. vii, 182 MBh. &c.; the 6th year in
the cycle of Jupiter VarBriS. viii, 8; a Buddh. or Jain religious mendicant L.; a common
N. for any man (like Deva-datta), Gaudap. on Snkhyak. 5 and 7 Prab. iii, 7/8 Sch. Pn.
2-3, 29 Sch. (not in Ks'.); `" son of Citr "'N. of a son of Budha and grand father of Suratha BrahmaP.; = {caitriyAyaNa4} Anukr. on Kthh. xxxix, 14; N. of two Riishis VP. iii,
1, 12 and 18; one of the seven ranges of mountains (dividing the continent into Varshas)
L.; n. = {caitya}, a sepulchre L.; a sanctuary L.; mfn. for {citra} (B) or {jaitra} (Sch.)
MBh. vii, 76; ({I}) f. (with or without {paurNamAsI}) the day of full moon in month
Caitra, sacrifice offered on that day S'nkhS'r. iii, 13, 2 KtyS'r.xiii Lthy.x Pn. 4-2, 23
MBh. xii, xiv.
caittika* = mfn. belonging to thought W.
caitraka* = m. = {-trika} L.; m. pl. N. of a warrior tribe Pn. 6-2, 34 Ks
cakaara * m. the letter or sound {ca}. * m. the particle {ca} Pn. 2-3, 72 Ks'
cakra = Circle, wheel, psychic centre in humans* = n. (Ved. rarely m.; g. {ardharcA7di};
fr. {car}?; 1. {kR} Pn. 6-1, 12 Ks'.) the wheel (of a carriage, of the Sus chariot [RV.],
of Time [i, 164, 2-48]; {-kra4M-car}, to drive in a carriage S'Br. vi) RV. &c.; a potter's
wheel S'Br. xi Yj. iii, 146 (cf. {-bhrama} &c.); a discus or sharp circular missile
weapon (esp. that of Vishnu) MBh. R. Sus'r. Pacat. BhP.; an oil-mill Mn. iv. 85 MBh.
xii, 6481 & 7697; a circle R. BhP. &c. ({kalA7pa-}, `" the circle of a peacock's tail "'

Riitus. ii, 14); an astronomical circle (e.g. {rAzi-}, the zodiac) VarBriS. Sryas.; a
mystical circle or diagram, Tantr.; = {-bandha} q.v. Sh. x, 13 a/b; a cycle, cycle of years
or of seasons Hariv. 652; `" a form of military array (in a circle) "' see {-vyUha}; circular
flight (of a bird) Pacat. ii, 57; a particular constellation in the form of a hexagon
VarBriS. xx VarBri. Laghuj.; a circle or depression of the body (for mystical or
chiromantic purposes; 6 in number, one above the other, viz. 1. {mUlA7dhAra}, the parts
about the pubis; 2. {svA7dhiSThAna}, the umbilical region; 3. {maNi-pUra}, the pit of
the stomach or epigastrium; 4. {anAhata}, the root of the nose; 5. {vizuddha}, the hollow
between the frontal sinuses; 6. {AjJA7khya}, the fontenelle or union of the coronal and
sagittal sutures; various faculties and divinities are supposed to be present in these
hollows); N. of a metre (= {-pAta}); a circle or a similar instrument (used in astron.)
Laghuj. Sryas. xiii, 20 Gol. xi, 10 ff.; (also m. L.) a troop, multitude MBh. v, ix ({krA7valI}, q.v.) Hariv. R. &c.; the whole number of (in comp.) Sarvad. xi, 127; a troop of
soldiers, army, host MBh. (ifc. f. {A}, iii, 640) BhP. i, ix Cn.; a number of villages,
province, district L.; (fig.) range, department VarBriS. xxx, 33; the wheel of a monarch's
chariot rolling over his dominions, sovereignty, realm Yj. i, 265 MBh. i, xiii BhP. ix,
20, 32 VP.; (pl.) the winding of a river L.; a whirlpool L.; a crooked or fraudulent device
(cf. {cakrikA}) L.; the convolutions or spiral marks of the S'la-grma or ammonite W.;
N. of a medicinal plant or drug Sus'r. vf.; of a Trtha BhP. x, 78, 19; m. the ruddy goose
or Brhmany duck (Anas Casarca, called after its cries; cf. {-vAka4}) MBh. ix, 443 Blar.
viii, 58 Kaths. lxxii, 40 S'rngP.; (pl.) N. of a people MBh. vi, 352; (g. {azvA7di}) N. of a
man, BriArUp. iii, 4, 1 Sch.; of another man Kaths. lvi, 144; of a Nga MBh. i, 2147; of
one of Skanda's attendants MBh. ix, 2539 and 2542; of a mountain BhP. v, 20, 15
Kaths. liv. 16; ({A}) f. a kind of Cyperus or another plant L.; ({I4}) f. a wheel (instr. sg.
{-kri4yA}; gen. du. {-kryo4s}) RV.; (du. {-kriyau}) Kthh. xxix, 7; [cf. {a-}, {aSTA4-},
{uccA-}, {e4ka-}, {kAla-}, {kU-}, {daNDa-}, {dik-}, {dharma-}, {mahA-}, {mAtR-},
{ro4dha-}, {viSNu-}, {sa-}, {sapta4-}, {hiraNya-}; {tri-} and {sucakra4}; cf. also, $, Lat.

{circus}; Angl. Sax. {hveohl}, Engl. {wheel}.]

cakraavarta *= m. whirling or rotatory motion L.
cakravartin *= mfn. rolling everywhere without obstruction Katha1s. cvii , 133 ; m. a
ruler the wheels of whose chariot roll everywhere without obstruction , emperor ,
sovereign of the world , ruler of a Cakra (or country described as extending from sea to
sea ; 12 princes beginning with Bharata are esp. considered as Cakravartins) MaitrUp.
MBh. Buddh. Jain. &c. ; mfn. supreme , holding the highest rank among (gen. or in
comp.) Kum. vii , 52 Gi1t. i , 2 Katha1s. i , xx ; m. Chenopodium album L. ; N. of the
author of a Comm. on Alam2ka1ras. , Prata1par. Sch. ; (%{inI}) f. the fragrant plant
Jantuka1 L. ; Nardostachys Jat2a1ma1n6si L. ; = %{alaktaka} L. ; %{-ti-tA} f. the state of
a universal emperor Das3. xiii , 79 ; %{-ti-tva} n. id. Hariv. 8815.
cakravritta *= (%{-kra4-}) mfn. turned on a potter's wheel MaitrS. i , 8 , 3 ; (%{acakravarta} , for %{-vRtta} neg.) A1pS3r. vi , 3 , 7 (cf. %{-kru-v-}.)
cala *= mf(%{A})n. (g. %{pacA7di}) moving , trembling , shaking , loose MBh. &c. ;
unsteady , fluctuating , perishable ib. ; disturbed , confused ib. ; m. `" agitation , shaking
"' see %{bhUmi-} ; wind L. ; wind (in med.) Asht2a7n3g. i , 11 , 1 ; quicksilver L. ; a
sprout , shoot Gal. ; n. water Gal. ; (%{A}) f. lightning L. ; incense L. ; the goddess of
fortune Katha1s. lx , 119 ; a metre of 4 x 18 syllables (cf. %{a-} , %{niz-} , %{puMzcalI} ,
%{cAla}.)
calataa * = f. shaking, tremulous motion
cala * = mf({A})n. (g. {pacA7di}) moving, trembling, shaking, loose MBh. &c.; unsteady,

fluctuating, perishable ib.; disturbed, confused ib.; m. `" agitation, shaking "' see
{bhUmi-}; wind L.; wind (in med.) Ashtha7ng. i, 11, 1; quicksilver L.; a sprout, shoot
Gal.; n. water Gal.; ({A}) f. lightning L.; incense L.; the Goddess of Fortune Kaths. lx,
119; a metre of 4 x 18 syllables (cf. {a-}, {niz-}, {puMzcalI}, {cAla}.)
campaka * =: m. Michelia Campaka(bearing a yellow fragrant flower) MBh. R. &c.; a
kind of perfume VarBriS. lxxvii, 7; a particular part of the bread-fruit W.; N. of a man
Rjat. vii; of a relation of the Jaina Meru-tunga; of a country Buddh.; n. the flower of the
Campaka tree MBh. Sus'r. &c.; the fruit of a variety of the plantain L.; ({A}) f. N. of a
town, JaimBhr. Hit.
canda *= fierce, violent, cruel, impetuous, hot, ardent with passion, passionate, angry.
*= m. (for %{-dra4}) the moon L. ; N. of the author of the work Pr2ithivi-ra1ja-ra1saka.
*=1
caNDa *= mf(%{A} VarBr2S. lxviii, 92 ; %{I} R. ii Vikr. Ragh. &c.)n. (probably fr. %
{candra4}, `" glowing "' with passion) fierce, violent, cruel, impetuous, hot, ardent with
passion, passionate, angry MBh. R. &c. ; circumcised L. ; m. N. of a mythical being (%
{ca4NDasya@naptya4s}, `" daughters of Can2d2a "', a class of female demons AV. ii, 14,
1), Agp. xlii, 20 ; S3iva or Bhairava MBh. xii, 10358 S3am2kar. xxiii (= %{sUrya})
SkandaP. MBh. iii, 14631 ; N. of a demon causing diseases Hariv. 9563 ; of a Daitya,
12937 ; of an attendant of Yama or of S3iva L. ; of one of the 7 clouds enveloping the
earth at the deluge MatsyaP. ; = %{-cukrA} L. ; n. heat L. ; passion, wrath L. ; (%{am})
ind. violently, in anger Ma1lav. iii, 21 ; (%{A}) f. (g. %{bahv-Adi})N. of Durga1 (esp. as
incarnation for the purpose of destroying the Asura Mahisha, this exploit forming the
subject of the Devi1m. and being particularly celebrated in Benga1l at the Durga1pu1ja1
about Oct. Nov.) MBh. vi, 797 Hariv. 10245 ; N. of one of the 8 Na1yika1s or Saktis of

Durga1 BrahmaP. Devi1P. ; N. of an attendant of the 12th Arhat of the present

Avasarpin2i1 L. ; of a river L. ; of a plant (Andropogon aciculatus L. ; Mucuna pruritus L.
; Salvinia cucullata L. ; white Du1rva1 grass L. ; %{liGginI} L.) Sus3r. i, iv ; vi, 51 ; a kind
of perfume (commonly Chor) L. ; (%{I}) f. (g. %{bahv-Adi}) a passionate woman, vixen
W. ; a term of endearment applied to a mistress W. ; N. of Durga1 MBh. vi, 797 Hariv.
10233 Katha1s. xi ; of a female attendant of Durga1 ; of Udda1laka's wife, JaimBha1r.
xxiv, 1 ; a short N. of the Devi1m. ; a metre of 4 x 13 syllables (cf. %{uc-}, %{pra-} ; %{acaNDI}, %{cANDa}.)
caNDavega * = mfn. having an impetuous course or current (said of the sea, of the
battle, and of time) R. iv f. BhP. iv, 29, 20; m. N. of a metre; of a Gandharva chief. 27,
13; (%{A}) f. `" N. of a river "'; %{-gA-saMgama-tIrtha} n. N. of a Ti1rtha Reva1Kh. xviii.
cana = cha(?)+na, and +not
capala * = mf({A})n. ({kamp}; g. {zauNDA7di}, {zreNy-Adi} and {vispaSTA7di}) moving
to and fro, shaking, trembling, unsteady, wavering MBh. &c.; wanton, fickle, inconstant
ib.; inconsiderate, thoughtless, ill-mannered Mn. iv, 177 MBh. xiv, 1251; quick, swift,
expeditious Hariv. 4104; momentary, instantaneous Subh.; m. a kind of mouse Sus'r. v,
6, 3 Ashtha7ng. vi, 38, 1; a fish L.; the wind Gal.; quicksilver L.; black mustard L.; a kind
of perfume ({coraka}) L.; a kind of stone L.; N. of a demon causing diseases Hariv. 9562;
of a prince MBh. i, 231; n. a kind of metal (mentioned with quicksilver); ({am}) ind.
quickly Das'. vii, 420 f.; ({A}) f. lightning Gt. vii, 23; long pepper L.; the tongue L.; (g.
{priyA7di}) a disloyal wife, whore L.; spirituous liquor (esp. that made from hemp) L.;
the goddess Lakshmi or fortune (cf. MBh. xiii, 3861) L.; N. of two metres (cf. {mahA-});
(in music) the 5th note personified.

car * =. 1. {ca4rati}, rarely {-te} (Subj. {ca4rat}, 3 pl. {ca4rAn} RV.; perf. {cacA4ra}
[AV. &c.], 2 sg. {cacartha} BhP. iv, 28, 52; pl. {cerur}, &c.; {-ratur} S'Br. &c.; . {cere}
BhP. iii, 1, 19; fut. {cariSyati}, {-te}; aor. {acArIt} [S'Br. xiv &c.]; inf. {ca4ritum} [ii MBh.
i, iii R.] or {cartum} [MBh. iii, xiii R. iii BhP. v], Ved. {cara4dhyai} [RV. i, 61, 12],
{ca4ritave} [113, 5], {cara4se} [92, 9 and v, 47, 4], {carA4yai} [vii, 77, 1], {caritos}
[Aitr. i, 1, 1, 7]; ind. p. {caritvA4} S'Br. xiv BhP. x, 75, 19; {cartvA} MBh. v, 3790;
{cIrtvA}, xiii, 495; p. {ca4rat}) to move one's self, go, walk, move, stir, roam about,
wander (said of men, animals, water, ships, stars, &c.) RV. AV. &c.; to spread, be
diffused (as fire) VarBriS. xix, 7; to move or travel through, pervade, go along, follow
Mn. MBh. &c.; to behave, conduct one's self, act, live, treat (with instr. or loc.) RV. AV.
&c.; to be engaged in, occupied or busy with (instr e.g. {yajJe4na c-}, `" to be engaged in
a sacrifice "' S'Br.) RV. x, 71, 5 AV. vi, 117, 1 AitBr. &c.; (with [S'Br. iv ChUp. Kaus'.
S'nkhS'r.] or without [S'Br. ii, xiv] {mithuna4m}) to have intercourse with, have to do
with (instr.); (with a p. or adj. or ind. p. or adv.) to continue performing or being (e.g.
{arcantaz cerur}, `" they continued worshipping "' S'Br. i; {svAminam avajJAya caret},
`" he may go on despising his master "' Hit.) RV. AV. VS. &c.; (in astron.) to be in any
asterism or conjunction VarBriS.; to undertake, set about, under go, observe, practise,
do or act in general, effect, make (e.g. {vratA4ni} `" to observe vows "' AV. &c.; {vighnaM
c-}, `" to put a hindrance "' MBh.; {bhaikSaM c-} `" to beg "' Mn. ii; {vivAdaM c-} "', to
be engaged in a lawsuit "' Mn. viii, 8; {mRgayAM c-}, to hunt "' MBh. R.;
{sambandhAMz c}, `" to enter into connections "' Mn. ii, 40; {mArgaM cacAra bANaiH},
`" he made a way with arrows "' R. iii, 34, 4; {tapasA indriyANi c-}, to exercise one's
organs with penance MBh. xiv, 544) RV. AV. &c.; to consume, eat (with acc.), graze Yj.
iii, 324 Pacat. BhP. v, x Subh. Hit.; to make or render (with double acc. e.g.
{nare4ndraM satya-sthaM carAma} "', let us make the king keep his word "' R. ii, 107,
19: Caus. {cArayati}, to cause to move or walk about AV. xii, 4, 28 (aor. {a4cIcarat})
S'nkhBr. xxx, 8 Lthy.; to pasture MBh. xiv R. BhP. iii, x; to send, direct, turn, move

MBh. &c.; to cause any one (acc.) to walk through (acc.) MBh. xii R. v, 49, 14; to drive
away from (abl.) MBh. xii, 12944; to cause any one (acc.) to practise or perform (with
acc.) Mn. xi, 177 and 192; to cause (any animal acc.) to eat Bdar. ii, 2, 5 Sch.; to cause
to copulate Mn. viii, 362; to ascertain (as through a spy instr.) MBh. iii, xv R. i, vi; to
doubt (cf. {vi-}) Dhtup. xxxiii, 71: Desid. {cicariSati}, to try to go S'nkhBr. xxx, 8 (p.
{cicarSat}) [389, 2]; to wish to act or conduct one's self S'Br. xi; to try to have
intercourse with (instr.), vi: Intens. {carcarIti} . or rarely [MBh. iii, 12850] Pass.
{caJcUryate} ({-curIti} and {-cUrti} Pn. 7-4, 87f.; ind. p. {-cUrya} R. iv, 29, 22; p. once
P. {-cUryat} Hariv. 3602) to move quickly or repeatedly, walk about, roam about (in
loc.) AV. xx, 127, 4 MBh. &c.; to act wantonly or coquettishly Bhathth. iv, 19 (cf. Pn. 3-1,
24); [cf. $, $ &c.]
cara * = mfn. (g. {pacA7di}) moving, locomotive (as animals opposed to plants, or as the
Karanas in astrol.) VPrt. S'vetUp. iii, 18 Mn. vii, 15 MBh. &c.; (= {saMcArin}) forming
the retinue of any one BhP. iv, 29, 23; movable, shaking, unsteady W.; ifc. going,
walking, wandering, being, living, practising (e.g. {adhaz-}, {anta-}, {antarikSa-}, {ap-},
{AdAya-}, {udake-}, &c.; cf. Pn. 3-2, 16); ifc. (Pn. 5-3, 53 f.; vi, 3, 35; f. {I}) having
been formerly (e.g. {ADhya-}, {devadatta-}, qq. vv.; {a-dRSTa-} or {nadRSTa-}, `" not
seen before "' Kaths. [once f. irr. {A}, lx, 58] Sarvad. iii, 16; vii, 19; {an-Alokita-} id.
Blar. iv, 54/55); m. a spy, secret emissary or agent Mn. vii, 122 Hariv. 10316 R. &c.; =
{caraTa} L.; the small shell Cypraea moneta L.; the wind, air BhP. x, 14, 11; the planet
Mars L.; a game played with dice (similar to backgammon) L.; a cowrie W.; `" passage "'
see {a-}, {duz-}; n. (in astron.) ascensional difference Gol. vii; ({A4}) f. dat. {-rA4yai} inf.
{car} q.v.; (in music) N. of a Mrchan; ({I}) f. a young woman (cf. {caraTi}) L.; =
{digambaraprasiddhA} g. {gaurA7di}; also ifc. see {anu-} and {sahacarI}.
caraTa * m. (= {cara}) a wagtail L.; ({I}) f. (= {-raNTI}, {ciraTI}, {ciraNTI}) a woman

married or single who after maturity resides in her father's house L. Sch.
carama m. (nom. pl. %{-me}, or %{-mAs} Pa1n2. 1-1, 33)f(%{A})n. (in comp. Pa1n2.
2-1, 58) last, ultimate, final RV. vii, 59, 3; viii, 20, 14 TS. i, v BhP. &c. (%{-mA@kriyA},
`" the [final i.e.] funeral ceremony "' MBh. iv, 834); the outermost (first or last, opposed
to the middle one) RV. viii, 61, 15; later KapS. i, 72; (%{-maM@kiM}, `" what more? "'
Prasannar. v, 3/4); `" western "', in comp.; lowest, least L.; a particular high number
Buddh. L.; (%{am}) ind. last MBh. i, iii; at last, at the end Ra1jat. v, 7; after any one
(gen.) Mn. ii, 194 Kir.
caraNa* = m. n. (g. {ardharcA7di}) a foot Gobh. Mn. ix, 277 Bdar. MBh. &c. (ifc. f. {A}
Hariv. 3914 Mlav.); (ifc. pl.) `" the feet of "', the venerable (N. N. ) MBh. xii, 174, 24
Sch.; a pillar, supor Hariv. 4643; the root (of a tree) L.; a Pda or line of a stanza, S'rut.;
a dactyl; a 4th part (pda) VarBri. Ll.; a section, subdivision Bhpr. Sarvad. ({catuz-}
q.v.); a school or branch of the Veda Nir. i, 17 Pn. MBh. xii, xiii Pacat. iv, 3; n. going
round or about, motion, course RV. iii, 5, 5; ix, 113, 9; x, 136, 6 and 139, 6 S'Br. ii, x Sh.
[389, 3]; acting, dealing, managing, (liturgical) performance, observance AV. vii, 106, 1
S'Br. S'nkhS'r. KtyS'r. VP. iii, 5, 13; behaviour, conduct of life KtyS'r. ChUp. v, 10;
good or moral conduct Kaus'. 67 MBh. xiii, 3044 Lalit.; practising (generally ifc. cf.
{tapaz-} [{tapasaz c-} Mn. vi, 75], {bhikSA-}, {bhaikSa-}) Gobh. iii, 1, 12 Nal.; grazing
W.; consuming, eating L.; a particular high number Buddh. L. (cf. {dvi-}, {puraz-},
{ratha-}).
carita * = mfn. gone, gone to, attained W.; `" practised "', in comp.; espied, ascertained
(by a spy, %{cara}) R. vi, 6, 16 and 7, 21; (%{a4m}) n. going, moving, course AV. iii, 15,
4; ix, 1, 3 Gobh. iii Sus3r.; motion (of asterisms) Su1ryas.; acting, doing, practice,
behaviour, acts, deeds, adventures RV. i, 90, 2 MBh. R. VarBr2S. &c. (ifc. f. %{A} Gi1t.

ix, 1); fixed institute, proper or peculiar observance W. (cf. %{uttara-rAma-}, %{du4z-},
%{sac-}, %{saha-}, %{su-}).
caritArtha * = mf(%{A})n. attaining one's object, successful in any undertaking S3ak.
vii, 31/32 Ma1lav. v, 19/20 Ragh. Kum. Pa1n2. Ka1s3. and Siddh.; %{-tA} f.
successfulness S3ak. v, 5/6 %{-tva} n. id. Sa1m2khyak. Bha1sha1p. (cf. %
{cAritA7rthya}.)
caritra* = n. (Pa1n2. 3-2, 184; rarely m. VS. vi, 14 MaitrS. i, 2, 16) a foot, leg RV. AV. x,
2, 12 Kaus3. 44; n. going VS. xiii, 19; acting, behaving, behaviour, habit, practice, acts,
adventures, deeds, exploits Mn. ii, 20; ix, 7 R. &c. (ifc. f. %{A} Pan5cat. iv, 7, 5); nature,
disposition W.; custom, law as based on custom Na1r. i, 10 f.; xx, 24; (%{A}) f. the
tamarind tree L. (cf. %{cAr-}).
carItra* = n. = %{-ritra}, behaviour, conduct L.
carma: a shield
carmasAra* = m. `" skin-essence "', lymph, serum L.
caru* = m. (g. {bhImA7di}) a kind of vessel (in which a particular oblation is prepared),
saucepan, pot RV. AV. S'Br. xiii KtyS'r. Kaus'. Mn. Yj.; a cloud (cf. RV. i, 7, 6) Naigh.
i, 10; an oblation (of rice, barley and pulse) boiled with butter and milk for presentation
to the gods or manes VS. xxix. 6 TS. i S'Br. AitBr. i, 1 & 7 KtyS'r. &c. (pl. Yj. i, 298).
[390, 2]
carya* = mfn. (Pn. 3-1, 100) to be practised or performed Mn. iii, 1; m. (= {cara}) the
small shell Cypraea moneta L.; n. ifc. driving (in a carriage) MBh. viii, 4215; ({A}) f.

going about, wandering, walking or roaming about, visiting, driving (in a carriage,
{ratha-} MBh. ix, xiii R. i, 19, 19) MBh. R. BhP. ix, 16, 1; (often ifc.) proceeding,
behaviour, conduct S'Br. xi, 5, 7, 1 Lthy. viii s'vS'r. xii, 4 Mn. vi, 32 &c.; due
observance of all rites and customs Sarvad. vi ff.; a religious mendicant's life L.;
practising, performing, occupation with, engaging in (instr. [Gaut.] or generally in
comp.) S'Br. xiv s'vGri. iii, 7 Mn. i, 111 MBh. &c.; deportment, usage W.; (in music) a
kind of composition; N. of Durg Gal. (cf. {brahma-}, {bhikSA-}, {bhaikSya-}).
cashtha * = mfn. (%{cakS}) spoken W.
catvaraH = (adj) four
caura* = mfn. ({cur}) thievish HParis'. ii, 170 (= {cora4} g. {prajJA7di}; g. {chattrA7di})
a thief. robber Mn. iv, viii, xi (ifc.) Hariv. &c.; a dishonest or unfair dealer, usurper
Pacat. i, 8, 11/12 and 18/19 (also in comp. translatable as adj.); (ifc.e.g. {kavi-}, `" a
plagiarist "') Ganar. 114; a (heart-) captivator Hariv. 7125; 9981 and 9994; the perfume
Coraka L.; `" plagiarist "'N. of a poet (cf. {cora}) S'rngP.; pl. N. of a family Pravar. i, 7
(Kty. and Vis'van.); ({I}) f. a female thief. (heart-)captivator Kaths. vc, 54; civ, 168; =
{-ra-karman} L.
caurya* = n. (g. {brAhmaNA7di}) = {-ra-karman} Mn. ix, xi Yj. ii, 72 Mriicch. &c.;
trickery Hariv. 15163 f.; (ifc. with {zulka}) defraudation Pacat. iv, 5, 0/1.
c(h)arina A* = wandering, staying
cha = and
ceratah *= wandering, rambling, playingamble, bat around, branch off, bum around,

clamber, climb, cruise, depart, digress, divagate, diverge, drift, excurse, extend, fork,
gad, gallivant, get sidetracked, grow, knock about, knock around, meander,
perambulate, percolate, peregrinate, promenade, range, roam, rove, saunter, sc ramble,
snake, sprangle, sprawl, spread, spread-eagle, straddle, straggle, stray, stroll, trail,
traipse, travel aimlessly, turn, twist, walk
ceshth *= cl. I. %{ce4STati}, %{-te} (inf %{-Titum}) to move the limbs, move, stir MBh.
R. BhP. S3ak. ; to make effort, exert one's self, struggle, strive, be active AV. xi, 4, 23 f.
S3Br. iii La1t2y. Kaus3. Mn. MBh. ; to be busy or occupied with (acc.) ; to act, do,
perform, care for Gobh. i, 6, 19 MBh. R. S3ak. Ra1jat. iii, 493 ; to prepare S3Br. xiv, 9, 4,
18 (ind. p. %{ceSTitvA4}): Caus. %{tayati}, %{-te} (aor. %{aciceSTat} [Bhat2t. xv, 60] or
%{acac-} Pa1n2. 7-4, 96) to cause to move, set in motion, impel, drive S3a1n3khS3r. viii,
9, 3 Mn. xii, 15 MBh. R. Sus3r. iv, 32, 17.
ceshtha *= m. `" moving "', a kind of fish (%{tapasvin}) L. ; n. moving the limbs,
gesture Mn. vii, 63 ; behaviour, manner of life Hariv. 5939 ; (%{al}), f, (Pa1n2. 2-3, 12)
moving any limb, gesture Mn. vii f. Ya1jn5. MBh. &c. (ifc. Ragh. ii, 43) ; action, activity,
effort, endeavour, exertion A1s3vS3r. i S3vetUp. ii, 9 (ifc.) Mn. iv, 65 Bhag. &c. ; doing,
performing Mn. i, 65 ; behaving, manner of life Mn. vii, 194 KapS. iii, 51 VarBr2S. (ifc.)
&c. ; cf. %{a-}, %{naSTa-}, %{niz-}.
ceshthaanaaza * m. ceasing of every motion L.; destruction of the world L.
ceshthaanirUpaNa * = n. observing any one's actions W
ceshthaarha * =({-TA7r-}) mfn. worthy of effort W

ceshthaavat * = mfn. moveable Sus'r. iii, 5, 23; full of activity, active W

ceshtha * = m. `" moving "', a kind of fish ({tapasvin}) L.; n. moving the limbs, gesture
Mn. vii, 63; behaviour, manner of life Hariv. 5939; ({al}), f, (Pn. 2-3, 12) moving any
limb, gesture Mn. vii f. Yj. MBh. &c. (ifc. Ragh. ii, 43); action, activity, effort,
endeavour, exertion s'vS'r. i S'vetUp. ii, 9 (ifc.) Mn. iv, 65 Bhag. &c.; doing, performing
Mn. i, 65; behaving, manner of life Mn. vii, 194 KapS. iii, 51 VarBriS. (ifc.) &c.; cf. {a-},
{naSTa-}, {niz-}.
ceshthaka * =mfn. making effort or exertion W.; m. a kind of fish (= {-Ta}) L.; a kind of
coitus.
ceshthana * = n. making effort W.; motion Mn.xii, 120 MBh. xii, 6363 R. BhP.; ifc.
performing KapS. i, 3; effort, exertion W.
ceshthayitR * mfn. one who sets in motion MBh. xii, 1181.
ceshthita * = mfn. set in motion W. ; done with effort, exerted W. ; done S3ak. iii, 23/24
(v.l.) ; v, 9 ; frequented Ragh. xi, 51 ; n. moving any limb, gesture Mn. Sus3r. VarBr2S. ;
doing, action, behaviour, manner of life Mn. MBh. R. KapS. iii, 59 ff. S3ak. &c. (ifc. f. %
{A} Bhar. xxxiv, 118).
cet* = Nom. (fr. {ce4tas}) {-tati} (Vop. xxi, 8; aor. 3. pl. {acetiSur}) to recover
consciousness Bhathth. xv, 109.
cet* = 1 Nom. {tati}. see {cit}.\\ = 2 see {ce74d}.
cetanatA* = f. the state of a sentient or conscious being, intelligence.

cetanatva* = n. id. Sarvad. vii, 8 Kum. iii, 39 Sch. KapS. i, 100 Sch.
cetanAcetana* = pl. sentient and unsentient beings Megh. 5.
cetanAvat* = mfn. having consciousness, knowing, understanding, reasonable Nir. MBh.
xii, xiv Snkhyak. Sus'r.
cetanikA* = f. Terminalia Chebula L.
cetu* = m. heedfulness RV. ix, 81, 3.
ceTa* = m. a servant, slave Mriicch. Kaths. vi, 127 (ifc.) Sh.; a kind of fish p.i, 17, 38;
({I}) f. a female servant R. ii, 91, 62 S'ak. "' &c.
cetti* = {ce4tya} see {cit}.
cetR* = 1 m. an observer S'vetUp. vi, 11.
cetR* = 2 m. a revenger RV. vii, 60, 5.
cetaH* = in comp. = {-tas}.
cetaH-pIDA * = f. grief L.
ceTa* = m. a servant, slave Mr2icch. Katha1s. vi, 127 (ifc.) Sa1h.; a kind of fish A1p.i, 17,
38; (%{I}) f. a female servant R. ii, 91, 62 S3ak. "' &c.
ceTaka * = m. a servant, slave Bhartr2. i, 91 Katha1s. vi and lxxi (ifc.) Hit.; a paramour

L.; (%{ikA}) f. = %{-TI} Katha1s. iv, xii, lii.

cetana* = mf(%{I4})n. visible, conspicuous, distinguished, excellent RV. AV. ix, 4, 21;
percipient, conscious, sentient, intelligent Kat2hUp. v, 13 S3vetUp. vi, 13 Hariv. 3587
KapS. Tattvas. &c.; m. an intelligent being, man Sarvad. ii, 221; soul, mind L.; n.
conspicuousness RV. i, 13, 11 and 170, 4; iii, 3, 8; iv, 7, 2; soul, mind R. vii, 55, 17 and 20;
(%{A}) f. consciousness, understanding, sense, intelligence Ya1jn5. iii, 175 MBh. &c.
(often ifc. [f. %{A}] Mn. ix, 67 MBh. &c.) (cf. %{a-}, %{niz-}, %{puru-ce4t-}, %{vi-}, %
{sa-}, %{su4-}).
cetanatA* = f. the state of a sentient or conscious being, intelligence.
cetanatva* =n. id. Sarvad. vii, 8 Kum. iii, 39 Sch. KapS. i, 100 Sch.
cetanAvat* =mfn. having consciousness, knowing, understanding, reasonable Nir. MBh.
xii, xiv Sa1m2khyak. Sus3r.
ce4tana-tA * = f. the state of a sentient or conscious being, intelligence.
ce4tana-tva * = n. id. Sarvad. vii, 8 Kum. iii, 39 Sch. KapS. i, 100 Sch.
ce4tana-bhAva * = m. id. Bdar. ii, 1, 6 Sch.
cetanA7cetana* = pl. sentient and unsentient beings Megh. 5.
cetanA-vat * = mfn. having consciousness, knowing, understanding, reasonable Nir.
MBh. xii, xiv Snkhyak. Sus'r.

cetanA7STaka * = n. N. of wk.
cetanikA * = f. Terminalia Chebula L.
cetanI * = ind. for {-na}.
cetanI-kri * = to cause to perceive or become conscious BhP. viii, 1, 9 Sch.
cetanI-bhU * = to become conscious ib. [398, 1]
cetaniiyaa * = f. the medicinal herb {Rddhi} L.
cetas *= n. splendour RV.; (Naigh. iii, 9) consciousness, intelligence, thinking soul, heart,
mind VS. xxxiv, 3 AV. Mn. ix, xii MBh. &c. (ifc. Kat2hUp. Mn.&c.); will AV. vi, 116, 3
TBr.iii, 1, 1, 7; cf. %{a-ceta4s}, %{dabhra4-}, %{pra4-}, %{laghu-}, %{vi4-}, %{sa4-}, %
{su-ce4tas}.
cetasaka * = m. pl. N. of a people MBh. vii, 2095.
cetasam * = ind. ifc. fr. {-tas} Vop. vi, 62.
cetayaana * = mfn. (irreg. pr. p.) having sense, reasonable MBh. iii, v, viii R. ii, 109, 7.
cetayitavya * = mfn. to be perceived Pras'nUp.
cetayitR * = mfn. = {-ya} MBh. xii S'vetUp. Sch.
cetishthha* = mfn. (fr. {ce4ttR}) most attentive (with gen.) RV. i, 65, 9 and 128, 8; v, vii;

x, 21, 7; (fr. {citra4}) most conspicuous, viii, 46, 20 VS. xxvii, 15.
cetI * = ind. in comp. for {-tas}.
cetI-kR * = Vop.vii, 84.
cetu4 * = m. heedfulness RV. ix, 81, 3.
ce4ttR * = mfn. attentive, guardian, RY. x, 128, 9 (see also s.v. 4. {cit}) AV. iv and vi
({cettR4}) TS. if.
ce4tya * = mfn. perceivable RV. vi, 1, 5; ({A4}) f. = {tu4} (?), x, 89, 14.
ceTa * = m. a servant, slave Mriicch. Kaths. vi, 127 (ifc.) Sh.; a kind of fish p.i, 17, 38;
({I}) f. a female servant R. ii, 91, 62 S'ak. "' &c.
cetuyA * = N. of a place Kshiti7s'. vii.
ce4tti * = {ce4tya} see {cit}.
cetavya4 * = mfn. to be piled up TS. v S'Br. vi; ix, 5, 1, 64 Bhathth. ix, 13; = {cayanIya}
Vop. xxvi, 3.
ceto * = in comp. for {-tas}.
ceto-bhava * = m. = {citta-ja} L. Sch.
ceto-bhU * = m.id., Mlatim. Blar. Vcar.xi, 94.

ceto-mat * = mfn. endowed with consciousness, living MBh. iii, 8676.

ceto-mukha * = mfn. one whose mouth is intelligence, MndUp.
ceto-vikAra * = m. disturbance of mind Sus'r. Mn. i, 25 Sch.
ceto-vikArin * = mfn. disturbed in mind Sus'r. i, 46, 4, 4.
ceto-hara * = mf({A})n. captivating the heart Bhm. iii, 10.
cetR * = 1 m. an observer S'vetUp. vi, 11.
cetR4 * = 2 m. a revenger RV. vii, 60, 5.
cha..ndramaa = (Fem.nom.S)the moon
cha.ndramaaH = the Moon god
chakaara = did (past perfect tense of kRi+kar to do)
chaakalehaH = (m) chocolate candy, toffee
chaalakaH = (m) driver
chaandoga* = mfn. `" relating to the Chando-gas "', in comp.
chaandramasaM = the moon planet

chaanyatraika = cha+anyatra+ekaH, and+in any other place+only one

chaapaM = the bow
chaapabaaNadharo = bearing bow\&arrow
chaapalya = (from chapala) rashness
chaasmi = as I am
chaapi = also
chaariNau = blowing
chaataka = the ever thirsty chaataka bird that lives only on raindrops
chaaturvarNyaM = the four divisions of human society
chaaya *= m. granting shade (S3iva) MBh. xii, 10374 ; n. (Pa1n2. 2-4, 22 and 25 ; vi, 2,
14) ifc. (especially after a word to be taken in the gen.) shadow Mn. iii, 274 Ragh. iv, 20 ;
vii, 4 ; xii, 50 ; reflection Naish. vi, 34 ; colour, complexion, beauty Megh. 102 ; (%{A4})
f. $, shade, shadow, a shady place (`" a covered place, house "' Naigh. iii, 4) RV. i, 73, 8 ;
ii, 33, 6 ; vi, 16, 38 AV. VS. v, xv AitBr. vii, 12 S3Br. &c. ; the shadow of a gnomon
Su1ryas. ; shelter, protection, Hit iii, 8,1/2 ; a reflected image, reflection RV. v, 44, 6 ; x,
121, 2 VS. ii, 8 AV. v, 21, 8 Pras3nUp. Mn. &c. ; shading or blending of colours, play of
light or colours, lustre, light, colour, colour of the face, complexion, features Sus3r.
VarBr2S. lxviii, 89 ff. Ragh. iv, 5 Megh. (ifc. f. %{A}) &c. ; gracefulness, beauty, 77 & 101
VP. iv, 4, 31 Katha1s. iic ; a series, multitude (%{paGkti}) Pan5cat. i, 16, 8 ; a Sanskr2it

gloss on a Pra1kr2it text ; a copy (of a MS.) ; a little (ifc.) Ven2is. vi, 13/14, 1 ; nightmare,
Buddh "' L. ; a bribe L. ; Shadow "', (like Sam2jn5a1) wife of the sun and mother of the
planet Saturn Hariv. 545 ff. VP. iii, 2 BhP. vi, viii MatsyaP. Katha1s. cv ; (N. of a S3akti)
Hcat. i, 5, 197 ; the sun L. ; a metre of 4 x 19 syllables ; a kind of rhetorical figure Sarasv.
ii, 5 ; (in music) N. of a Ra1ga ; N. of Ka1tya1yani1 (or Durga1 W.) L.
chaayaa *= see %{-ya}.
chakaastu = let it be shining
chakra: see cakra
chakraM = cycle
chakrabandha = wheel pattern, a form of bandha poetry
chakram.h = (n) wheel, cycle, circle
chakravaataH = (m) cyclone
chakrahastaM = disc in hand
chakraaakaara = (bauvriihi) wheel-shaped
chakraasana = the wheel posture
chakriNaM = with discs

chakshu = eye
chakshuH = eyes
chakshus.h = eye
chal.h = to walk
chala = moving *= ( %{skhal}) n. (exceptionally m. BhP. vii, 15, 12 ; g. %{ardharcA7di})
fraud, deceit, sham, guise, pretence, delusion, semblance, fiction, feint, trick, fallacy
(often ifc., e.g. %{upadA-chalena}, `" under pretence of gifts of honour "' i.e. with
feigned gifts Ragh. vii, 27 ; %{rajaz-chalena}, `" under the semblance of dust "', xvi, 28 ;
see %{kanyakA-}, %{dharma-}, %{vAk-}) Mn. viii, 49 and (%{a-cch-}, neg.) 187 MBh.
&c. (ifc. f. %{A} Katha1s. lxii, 164) ; deceitful disputation, perverting the sense of words
Nya1yas. i, 51 ff. Sarvad. ; wickedness W. ; for %{sthala} MBH. xiii. 7257 m. N. of a son
of Dala VP. iv, 4, 47 ; (%{A}) f. ifc. in names of several treatises or chapters belonging to
SV. (e.g. %{-Uha-}, %{Uhya-}, &c., qq. vv.)
chalaM = flickering
chalachchitra = movie
chalati = (1pp) to walk
chalita = deviated; calita mfn. shaking, tremulous, unfixed MBh. &c.; one who has
moved on MBh. Sryas. iii, 11; gone, departed (e.g. {sa calitaH}, `" he started off "'
Pacat. Gt. iii, 3 Hit.); walked Vet. iii, 1/2 (v.l.); being on the march (an army) L.;
moved from one's usual course, disturbed, disordered (the mind, senses, fortune, &c.)

Hariv. 5669 R. &c.; caused to deviate, turned off from (abl.) Yj. i, 360 Bhag. vi, 37; n.
unsteady motion (of eyes) Bhartri. i, 4.
chamasaH = (m) spoon
chamuuM = military force
chanda* =mfn. pleasing, alluring, inviting RV. i, 92, 6; viii, 7, 36; {-nda4}, praising
({cha4nda} Naigh. iii, 16) RV. vi, 11, 3; cf. {madhu-cch-}; m. appearance, look, shape
Hariv. 8359 ff.; cf. {prati} and {vi-cch-}; pleasure, delight, appetite, liking, predilection,
desire, will Yj. ii, 195 MBh. &c.; ({ena}) instr. ind. [also with {svena}, viii, 1249 R. ii,
83, 25; or ifc. with {sva-} (Hariv. 7017) or {Atma-} MBh. v, xiii R. v, 26, 18] according to
one's own wish Mn. viii, 176 Nal. xxiii, 15 R. v; according to the wish of (gen.) MBh. iii,
7096 Hariv. 7097; ({a-cch-} neg. `" against the wish of "') 7098 and 8557; ({At}) abl.
ind. according to the wish of (in comp.) MBh. viii, 3542; ({a-cch-} neg. `" involuntarily "'
R. iii, 5, 2); poison L.; N. of S'kya-muni's charioteer ({chandaka}) Lalit. xv DivyA7v.
xxvii, 159; of a prince W.; cf. {sva-}; {indra-}, {kalA7pa-}, {deva} and {vijaya-}, various
kinds of pearl-ornaments.
cha4nda-ja * = mfn. `" originating from one's own wish "', self-produced (gods) Hariv.
12296.
chandaska * = ifc. (f. {A}) = {-das}, metre Nyyam. ix, 2, 5 and 8 Sch.
chandasya4 * = mfn. (Pn. 4-3, 71 and 4, 93, 140 Vrtt. 1) taking the form of hymns,
metrical, relating to or fit for hymns RV. ix, 113, 6 TS. i, 6, 11, 4; made or done according
to one's wish Pn. 4-4, 93 Ks'.; ({A4}) f. (with {I4STakA}) N. of a sacrificial brick S'Br.

vii, 5, 2, 42; viii, 2 f.

chAndasa * = mf({I})n. having the sacred text of the Veda ({cha4ndas}) as (its) subject,
peculiar or relating or belonging to the Veda, Vedic Kaus'. Pn. 4-3, 71 Pat. Hariv. 12284
BhP.; (once {-nda} BhavP. i); archaistic Sarvad. vi, 11; (g. {manojJA7di} Pn. 5-2, 84
Ks'.) studying the holy text of the Vedic hymns, familiar with it Kaths. lxii, cxviii; (ifc.
g. {khasUcy-Adi} Ganar. 114 Sch.); relating to metre RAnukr. Sch.
chandaka* = mfn. ifc. `" charming "' see {sarva-}; m. N. of S'kya-muni's charioteer
DivyA7v. xxvii, 158 Lalit.
chandana * = mfn. charming VarBriS. civ, 61.
chandaka * = 1 n. `" roof "' see {bRha4c-}; deceit Un. [404, 3]
cha4ndas * = n. desire, longing for, will MBh. xii, 7376 Pn. 4-4, 93 Ks'.; intention,
purport W.; a sacred hymn (of AV.; as distinguished from those of RV. SV. and YajurV.),
incantation-hymn RV. x AV. S'Br. viii MBh. v, 1224 Ragh. i, 11; the sacred text of the
Vedic hymns S'Br. xi, 5, 7, 3 s'vGri. Kaus'. Gobh. VPrt. Pn. Mn. &c.; metre (in
general, supposed to consist of 3 or 7 typical forms [AV. VS. &c.] to which Virj is added
as the 8th [S'Br. viii, 3, 3, 6]; {cha4ndas} opposed to {gAyatri4} and {triSTu4bh} RV. x,
14, 16); metrical science MundUp. i, 1, 5 MBh. i, 2887 Pacat. S'rut.; = {-do-grantha}
Nyyam. ix, 2, 6 Sch.; [cf. Lat. {scando}, `" to step, scan. "']
chandana = sandal
chandoga* = m. ({gai}) `" singer in metre "', chanter'of the SV., Udgtrii priest AitBr. iii,
32 S'Br. x S'nkhS'r. &c.; {-paddhati} f. N. of the work Yaja-prs'va (YajurV. Paris'. xv

Caran.); {-pariziSTa} n. Kty.'s supplement on Gobh. Mn. ii, 44 Kull.; {-brAhmaNa} n. =

{chAndogya-br-} AitBr. iv, 18 Sy.; {-mAhaki} m. N. of a teacher VBr.; {-vRSo7tsargatattva} n. N. of wk.; {-zAkhA} f. a branch of the SV. (quoted in a work on S'rddhas); {zrAddha-tattva-pramANa} n. N. of wk. by Raghu-nandana; {-zruti} f. `" tradition of the
Chandogas "', the SV. Pars'. ii, 5/111, 3, 6; {-sopAna} n. N. of wk.; {-gA7hnikapaddhati} f. N. of wk. by Rma-kriishna.
chandra = Name for the Moon
chandra-kuNDalii = Chart where the Ascendant or lagna is the sign of the natal moon
chandra-raashi = Natal Moon sign. Used in India much like we use the Sun sign system
in the West
chandra-lagna = Ascendant using the Natal lunar position
chandrabimba = moon disc
chandramasi = in the moon
chandrika = moonlight
chandrodaya = moon-rise
channa* = mfn. covered, covered over MBh. iii, 800 R. i f. Megh. BhP. &c. (ifc. cf. Pn.
6-2, 170); obscured (the moon) MBh. i, 2699 Sryas. iv, 10 and 22; hidden, unnoticed by
(dat.), secret, clandestine, disguised MBh. iii f. R. ii, v BhP. Kaths. Rjat.; ({am}) ind.
secretly Mn. ix, 98 and 100 Mriicch. Das'.; (in comp. {-nna-}) Rjat. v, 467; (with {gai},

to sing) privately, in a low voice Lthy. iii, 1, 12 ff.; ({e}) loc. ind. secretly Hariv. 8686.
chaJNchalaM = flickering
chaJNchalatvaat.h = due to being restless
chapala = fickle, unstable
chapalaM = fickle-minded
char.h = to wander
chara = moving
chara-raashi = Moveable signs
charaM = moving
charaNa = foot
charaNaH = (m) foot
charataaM = while roaming
charati = (1 pp) to move, to roam
charan.h = acting upon

charanti = move or travel or wander

charaacharaM = moving and nonmoving
charita = nature
charitaM = story, character
charitra = life
charitraaNi = tales of valour
charaiveti = chara:moving (things) +eva:alone; only + iti:thus
charchaa = discussion
charpaTa = torn/tattered cloth
charman.h = (neu) skin, leather
charyaa = practise / observance
chashhakaH = (m) glass
chashhakaadhaanii = (f) saucer
chaTakaH = (m) sparrow

chatuH = four
chaturaH = capable / skiled/ clever
chaturastraH = (m) square
chaturastrakam.h = (n) frame (of a photograph or a picture)
chaturtha = fourth
chaturthyaaM = during the (auspicious)4th day (from New Moon, full moon)
chaturbhujena = four-handed
chaturvidhaM = the four kinds
chaturvidhaaH = four kinds of
chaturhastaM = who has four hands
chatushhpaada-raashi = Quadrupedal signs
chatus.h = four
chatussaagaraparya.ntaM = till or upto the four oceans
chatvaaraH = four

chatvaari = four
chaya = (m) a heap
chayanam.h = (n) selection, choice
chaitanya = energy, enthusiasm
chattragRha * = n. the room in which the parasol (or badge of royalty) is kept MBh. v,
3544.
chattra-cakra * = n. (in astrol.) a kind of diagram.
chattra-pati * = m. the officer watching over the royal parasol, Sinha7s. xxiii, 0/1
chattra-yukti * = f. "' use of the parasol "'N. of a chapter of Bhoja's Yukti-kalpa-taru.
chattra-vat * = mfn. furnished with a parasol Sus'r. i, 10, 1; ({tI}) f. N. of a town ({ahicchattra} Sch.) MBh. i, 6348.
chattrika * = m.= {-ttra-dhara} g. {purohitA7di}.
chattrin * = mfn. furnished with a parasol MBh. xiii, 739 Hariv. 14205 R. i, iii; m. a
barber L.
chattvara * = m. a house Un. iii, 1; a bower ib
chailaajina = of soft cloth and deerskin

chha.nda = Hobby
chha.ndaH = metre (poetic)
chhatra = umbrella
chhatram.h = (n) umbrella
chhatraakam.h = (n) mushroom
chhadiH = (m) roof
chhadmachaariNaH = those who wander by adopting tricks such as becoming
chhandasaaM = of all poetry
chhandaa.nsi = the Vedic hymns
chhandobhiH = by Vedic hymns
chhalayataaM = of all cheats
chhavii = picture, portrait
chhaatraaH = students
chhaadana = covering

chhaayaa = shade
chhittva = cutting
chhittvaa = cutting off
chhid.h = to cut, break by cutting
chhidra = (neut in this sense) hole, cut
chhinatti = to tear, to break
chhindanti = can cut to pieces
chhinna = having torn off
chhurikaa = (f) knife
chhettaa = remover
chettavya *= mfn. to be cut off Mn. viii, 279 R. vi, 92, 4 ; to be cut Nya1yam. ix, 3, 13
Sch.\2 %{-ttR}, &c. see 1. %{chid}.
chettri *= mfn. one who cuts off, cutter, woodcutter Mn.iv, 71 Sch. (ifc.) Hit. i, 4, 3 ; a
remover (of doubts, %{saMzayAnAm}, 2, 21) MBh. xiii Bhag.
chhettuM = to dispel

chhedana = cutting
chekitaanaH = Cekitana
cheshhTaH = the endeavorscheshhTate = (1 ap) to try, to attempt
cheshhTasya = of one who works for maintenance
cheTii = (f) maid, dasii
chet.h = if
chetanaa = the living force
chetas.h = mind
chetasaH = their hearts
chetasaa = by consciousness
chetasaaM = of those whose minds
chetaaH = in heart
chida *= mfn. ifc. `" cutting off "' see %{mAtRka-} ; (%{A}) f. (g. %{bhidA7di}) the
cutting off (ifc.) HYog. ii , 96.
chidra *= mf(%{A})n. torn asunder RV. i, 162, 20; containing holes, pierced Ka1tySr. xv

ff. R. i, 73, 20 Sus3r. v, 1, 43; leaky MBh. v, 1307; 1047 (= xii, 8782); n. a hole, slit, cleft,
opening VS. TS. i, vi Ka1tyS3r. La1t2y. Kaus3. Mn. &c. (%{daiva-kRta}, `" opening or
hole made by nature "', the cartilage of the ear, pupil of the eye Sus3r.; %{-draM} %{dA},
to yield an opening or free access "' BhP. v, 6, 4); defect, fault, blemish, imperfection,
infirmity, weak point, foible MBh. &c.; (in astrol.) the 8th lunar mansion VarBr2.
Laghuj. i, 17; the number `" nine "' (there being 9 openings in the body) Su1ryas. ii, 18;
the lower regions Gal. (cf. %{a4-}, %{karNa-}, %{kRta-}, %{gRha-}, %{niz-}, %{mahA}).
chihna = sign
chii = to increase
chiira = dress made of bark?
chikitsaka = remedy
chikitsaalayam.h = (n) hospital
chikiirshhavaH = wishing
chikiirshhuH = desiring to lead
chikroDaH = (m) squirrel
chinoti = to collect, to gather
chint.h = to think

chintaya = (causative of cit) to think

chintayati = (10 up) to think
chintayantaH = concentrating
chintayet.h = should think of
chintaa = worrying
chintaaM = fears and anxieties
chintaamaNi = the gem that gives you anything you can think about
chintita = something one has thought about
chinmayaH = full of the `mind' or consciousness
chira = permanently
chirakaala = always, everpresent, permanent
chiraat.h = after a long time
chiraaya = for long
chiraayuH = long-life- span (`chira' actually means permanent cf. chiranjIvI)

chit.h = pure consciousness

chitaa = funeral pyre
chitta = mind
chittaM = mind
chittaH = mind
chittalayaH = absorbed mind
chittavikshepa = confusion, distraction
chittavritti = a mode of behaviour
chittaa = mind
chittaatmaa = mind and intelligence
chittvara * = mfn. (Un2. iii, 1) fit for cutting off. L.; hostile L. (cf. %{chatt-}) roguish L.
chitti * = f. division W.; Pongamia glabra L.
chitra = strange// citra *= mf({A4})n. conspicuous, excellent, distinguished RV.; bright,
clear, bright-coloured RV.; clear (a sound) RV.; variegated, spotted, speckled (with instr.
or in comp.) Nal. iv, 8 R. Mriicch. VarBriS.; agitated (as the sea, opposed to {sama}) R.
iii, 39, 12; various, different, manifold Mn. ix, 248 Yj. i, 287 MBh. &c.; (execution)

having different varieties (of tortures) Mn. ix, 248 Das'. vii, 281; strange, wonderful
Rjat. vi, 227; containing the word {citra4} S'Br. vii, 4, 1, 24 KtyS'r. xvii; ({a4m}) ind.
so as to be bright RV. i, 71, 1; vi, 65, 2; in different ways R. i, 9, 14; (to execute) with
different tortures Das'. vii, 380; ({a4s}) m. variety of colour L. Sch.; Plumbago zeylanica
L.; Ricinus communis L.; Jonesia As'oka L.; a form of Yama Tithyd.; N. of a king RV.
viii, 21, 18 ({ci4tra}); of a Jbla-griihapati (with the patr. Gaus'ryani), KaushBr. xxiii,
5; of a king (with the patr. Gngyyani) KaushUp. i; of a son of Dhritarshthra MBh. i,
vii; of a Dravida king, Padma P.v, 20, 1 (v.l. {-trA7kSa}); of a Gandharva Gal.; ({A4}) f.
Spica virginis, the 12th (in later reckoning the 14th) lunar mansion AV. xix, 7, 3 TS. ii, iv,
vii TBr. i S'Br. ii, &c.; a kind of snake L.; N. of a plant (Salvinia cucullata L.; Cucumis
maderaspatanus L.; a kind of cucumber L.; Ricinus communis L.; Croton polyandrum or
Tiglium L.; the Myrobalan tree L.; Rubia Munjista L.; the grass Gandadrv L.) Car. vii,
12 (= {dravanti}) Sus'r.; a metre of 4 X 16 syllabic instants; another of 4 x 15 syllables;
another of 4 x 16 syllables; a kind of stringed instrument; a kind of Mrchan (in music);
illusion, unreality L.; `" born under the asterism Citr (Pn. 4-3, 34 Vrtt. 1)N. of
Arjuna's wife (sister of Kriishna = {subhadrA} L.) Hariv. 1952; of a daughter of Gada (or
Kriishna v.l.), 9194; of an Apsaras L.; of a river DivyA7v. xxx; of a rock BhP. xii, 8, 17; f.
pl. the asterism Citr VarBriS. xi, 57; ({a4m}) n. anything bright or coloured which
strikes the eyes RV. VS. TS. S'Br. TndyaBr. xviii, 9; a brilliant ornament, ornament RV.
i, 92, 13 S'Br. ii, xiii; a bright or extraordinary appearance, wonder, ii S'ak. Pacat.
Bhartri. &c.; (with {yadi} [S'ak. iii, 9/10] or {yad} [Hariv. 9062 S'ak. Kaths. xviii, 359]
or fut. [Pn. 3-3, 150 f.]) strange, curious (e.g. {citraM badhiro vyAkaraNam
adhyeSyate} `" it would be strange if a deaf man should learn grammar "' Ks'.) [396,
2]; strange! Hariv. 15652 Kaths. v, vii Rjat. i, iv; the ether, sky L.; a spot MBh. xiii,
2605; a sectarial mark on the forehead L.; = {kuSTha} L.; a picture, sketch, delineation
MBh. Hariv. 4532 ({sa-} mfn. = {-ga}) R. S'ak. &c. (ifc. f. {A} Megh. 64); variety of
colour L.; a forest ({vana} for {dhana}?) of variegated appearance Sch. on KtyS'r. xxi,

3, 23 and ShadvBr. ii, 10; various modes of writing or arranging verses in the shape of
mathematical or other fanciful figures (syllables which occur repeatedly being left out or
words being represented in a shortened form) Sarasv. ii, 16 Kpr. ix, 8 Sh.; punning in
the form of question and answer, facetious conversation, riddle, iv, 14/v Pratpar.
Kuval.; cf. a- and, {su-citra4}, {dA4nu-}, {vi-}; {caitra}.
chitraM = surprising
chitrakaH = (m) a leopard
chitrakaara = (m) painter, artist
chitrapatangaH = (m) butterfly
chitramandiram.h = (n) movie theatre
chitrarathaH = Citraratha
chitraraasabhaH = (m) zebra
chitraveshhTiH = (m) lungi
chitraa = Fourteenth nakshatra
chitrinii = a fine cord within the spine
chitroshhTraH = (m) giraffe

chuTati = to pinch
chubukasamarpitajaanu = face dedicated to(huddled up between) the knees
chumbati = to kiss
churikaabandha = pattern of sword, a form of bandha poetry
chulli = (f) cooking fire
chuurNam.h = (n) fine powder
chuurNayati = to grind (as wheat to flour)
chuurNitaiH = with smashed
chodanaa = the impetus
chodhitakaraNa = tested or awakened senses
chorayati = (10 up) to steal, to rob
chorah = (m) thief
chyavanti = fall down
ciirNa *= mfn. (%{car}) practised, observed (as a vow, austerity) Mun2d2Up. iii, 2, 10
MBh. xv, 91 DivyA7v. BhP. v, 6, 3 ; n. conduct W.

cikiirsh* = mfn. ( %{kR} Desid.) wishing to do Vop.

cikiirshA* = f. (Pa1n2. 3-3, 102 Ka1s3.) intention or desire to make or do or perform
(generally ifc.) MBh. i R. i, v Pa1n2. 2-3, 66 Ka1s3. (with gen.) BhP. ii f.; (%{-raSA}) xi,
9, 26; desire for (gen. or in comp.) MBh. i, 1860 and 5172 Hariv. 4907.
cikiirshaka* = mfn. id. Ka1s3. on Pa1n2. 1-1, 58 and vi, 1, 193.
cikiirshita* = n. `" intended to be done, designed "', purpose, design, intention Mn. iv, vii
MBh. R. &c.
cikiirshu* = mfn. (Pa1n2. 3-2, 168 Ka1s3.) intending to make or do or perform (with acc.
or ifc.) MBh. R. Pa1n2. 2-3, 69 Ka1s3. BhP. Katha1s.; wishing to exercise one's self in the
use of (acc.) MBh. viii, 1965; cf. %{upahArI-}.
cikiirshuka* = mfn. = %{-rS} (with acc.), vi, 48, 83. [395,1]
cikraMsaa * = f. (%{kram} Desid.) desire of attacking or springing upon W.
cikriiDishaa * = f. (%{krId} Desid.) desire to play BhP. iii , 7 , 3.
cikriiDishu * = mfn. desiring to play HParis3. ii , 454.
cintaka* = mfn. ifc. one who thinks or reflects upon, familiar with (e.g. {daiva-}, {vaMza}, &c., qq. vv.) Gaut. Mn. vii, 121 MBh. Hariv. R. Pacat.; m. an overseer DivyA7v.; N. of
the 23rd Kalpa period VyuP. i, 21, 48 f.; cf. {kArya-}, {graha-}, {megha-}.
cintana* = n. thinking, thinking of. reflecting upon; anxious thought Mn. xii, 5 MBh.

Kaths. Rjat.v, 205 Sh.; consideration Sarvad. x; xii, 6 ff.

cintaniiya* = mfn. to be thought of or investigated VarBriS. xliii, 37 Pacat. 1, 1/2; iii
BhP. viii, 11, 38.
cintayAna* = mfn. (irr. pr. p.) reflecting, considering MBh. ii, 1748; iii, 12929 Pacat. iv,
14/15.
cintaa* = f. (Pn. 3-3, 105), thought, care, anxiety, anxious thought about (gen. loc.,
{upari}, or in comp.) Mn. xii, 31 Yj. i, 98 MBh. &c. ({-tayA} instr. `" by mere thinking
of "' VP. i, 13, 50); consideration Sarvad. xii f. [398,2]; N. of a woman Rjat. viii, 3453.
cintaavat* = mfn. = {-para} W.
cintana *= n. thinking , thinking of. reflecting upon ; anxious thought Mn. xii , 5 MBh.
Katha1s. Ra1jat.v , 205 Sa1h. ; consideration Sarvad. x ; xii , 6 ff.
cintita * = mfn. thought, considered W.; thought of. imagined Pan5cat. Vet.; found out,
investigated Nal. xix, 4 Hit. (%{su-}); treated of. Madhus.; reflecting, considering W.; n.
thought, reflection, care, trouble VarBr2S.li, 24 Dhu1rtas.; intention R. i; (%{A}) f. see %
{caintita}.
cit * = 4 cl. 1. %{ce4tati} (impf. %{acetat} RV. vii, 95, 2 ; p. %{ce4tat} RV.) cl. 2. (A1.
Pass. 3. sg. %{cite4}, x, 143, 4 ; p. f. instr. %{citantyA}, i, 129, 7 ; A1. %{citAna}, ix, 101,
11 VS. x, 1) cl. 3. irreg. %{cIhetati} (RV. ; Subj. %{ciketat} RV. ; Impv. 2. sg. %{cikiddhi}
RV. ; p. %{cikitAna4} RV. ; perf. %{cike4ta} RV. &c. ; %{ciceta} Vop. viii, 37 ; 3. du. %
{cetatur} AV. iii, 22, 2 ; A1. and Pass. %{cikite4} RV. &c. ; 3. pl. %{-tre} RV. ; for p. %
{cikitva4s} see s.v. ; A1. Pass. %{cicite} Bhat2t2. ii, 29 ; aor. %{acetIt} Vop. viii, 35 ; A1.

Pass. %{a4ceti} and %{ce4ti} RV. ; for %{acait} see 2. %{ci} ; fut. 1st %{ce4ttA}, i, 22, 5)
to perceive, fix the mind upon, attend to, be attentive, observe, take notice of (acc. or
gen.) RV. SV. AV. Bhat2t2. ; to aim at, intend, design (with dat.) RV. i, 131, 6 ; x, 38, 3 ;
to be anxious about, care for (acc. or gen.), i, ix f. ; to resolve, iii, 53, 24 ; x, 55, 6 ; to
understand, comprehend, know (perf. often in the sense of pr.) RV. AV. vii, 2, 1 and 5, 5 ;
P. A1. to become perceptible, appear, be regarded as, be known RV. VS. x, xv: Caus. %
{ceta4yati}, %{-te} (2. pl. %{ceta4yadhvam} Subj. %{cetayat} Impv. 2. du. %
{cetayethAm} impf. %{a4cetayat} RV. ; 3. pl. %{cita4yante} RV. ; p. %{cita4yat} RV.
(eleven times) ; %{ceta4yat}, x, 110, 8, &c. ; A1. %{cetayAna} see s.v.) to cause to attend,
make attentive, remind of. i, 131, 2 and iv, 51, 3 ; to cause to comprehend, instruct, teach
RV. ; to observe, perceive, be intent upon RV. MBh. xii, 9890 Katha1s. xiii, 10 ; A1. (once
P. MBh. xviii, 74) to form an idea in the mind, be conscions of, understand, comprehend,
think, reflect upon TS. vi S3Br. ChUp. vii, 5, 1 MBh. BhP. viii, 1, 9 Prab. ; P. to have a
right notion of. know MBh. iii, 14877 ; P. `" to recover consciousness "', awake Bhat2t2.
viii, 123 ; A1. to remember, have consciousness of (acc.) Pa1n2. 3-2, 112 Ka1s3. Ba1dar.
ii, 3, 18 Sch. ; to appear, be conspicuous, shine RV. TS. iii: Desid. %{ci4kitsati} (fr. %
{kit} Pa1n2. 3-1, 5 Dha1tup. xxiii, 24 ; exceptionally A1. MBh. xii, 12544 ; Impv. %{tsatu} Subj. %{-tsAt} aor. 2. sg. %{a4cikitsIs} AV. ; Pass. p. %{cikitsyamAna} Sus3r.
Pan5cat.) to have in view, aim at, be desirous AV. v, 11, 1 ; ix, 2, 3 ; to care for, be anxious
about, vi, x ; (Pa1n2. 3-1, 5 Siddh.) to treat medically, cure Ka1tyS3r. xxv MBh. i, xii
Sus3r. Pan5cat. Bhartr2. ; to wish to appear RV. i, 123, 1: Caus. of Desid. (fut. %
{cikitsayiSyati}) to cure Ma1lav. iv, 4/5, 6 f.: Intens. %{cekite} (fr. 2. %{ci}?, or for %{tte} RV. i, 53, 3 and 119, 3 ; ii, 34, 10 ; p. %{ce4kitat}, ix, 111, 3 ; A1. %{ce4kitAna} RV.
eight times) to appear, be conspicuous, shine RV.
citta* = mfn. `" noticed "' see {a-ci4tta}; `" aimed at "', longed for ChUp.vii, 5, 3; `"
appeared "', visible RV. ix, 65, 12; n. attending, observing ({tira4z cittA4ni}, `" so as to

remain unnoticed "'), vii, 59, 8; thinking, reflecting, imagining, thought RV. VS. S'Br.
&c.; intention, aim, wish RV. VS. AV. TBr. &c.; (Naigh. iii, 9) the heart, mind TS. i
S'vetUp. vi, 5 MBh. &c. (ifc. f. {A} Pacat.); memory W.; intelligence, reason KapS. i, 59
Yogas. i, 37; ii, 54 Veda7ntas.; (in astrol.) the 9th mansion VarYogay. iv, 1; cf. {iha-},
{cala-}, {pU4rva-}, {prA4yaz-}, {laghu-}, {su-}, {sthira-}.
citra * = conspicuous, excellent, distinguished RV.; bright, clear, bright-coloured RV.;
clear (a sound) RV.; variegated, spotted, speckled (with instr. or in comp.) Nal. iv, 8 R.
Mriicch. VarBriS.; agitated (as the sea, opposed to {sama}) R. iii, 39, 12; various,
different, manifold Mn. ix, 248 Yj. i, 287 MBh. &c.; (execution) having different
varieties (of tortures) Mn. ix, 248 Das'. vii, 281; strange, wonderful Rjat. vi, 227;
containing the word {citra4} S'Br. vii, 4, 1, 24 KtyS'r. xvii; ({a4m}) ind. so as to be
bright RV. i, 71, 1; vi, 65, 2; in different ways R. i, 9, 14; (to execute) with different
tortures Das'. vii, 380; ({a4s}) m. variety of colour L. Sch.; Plumbago zeylanica L.;
Ricinus communis L.; Jonesia As'oka L.; a form of Yama Tithyd.; N. of a king RV. viii,
21, 18 ({ci4tra}); of a Jbla-griihapati (with the patr. Gaus'ryani), KaushBr. xxiii, 5; of
a king (with the patr. Gngyyani) KaushUp. i; of a son of Dhritarshthra MBh. i, vii; of a
Dravida king, Padma P.v, 20, 1 (v.l. {-trA7kSa}); of a Gandharva Gal.; ({A4}) f. Spica
virginis, the 12th (in later reckoning the 14th) lunar mansion AV. xix, 7, 3 TS. ii, iv, vii
TBr. i S'Br. ii, &c.; a kind of snake L.; N. of a plant (Salvinia cucullata L.; Cucumis
maderaspatanus L.; a kind of cucumber L.; Ricinus communis L.; Croton polyandrum or
Tiglium L.; the Myrobalan tree L.; Rubia Munjista L.; the grass Gandadrv L.) Car. vii,
12 (= {dravanti}) Sus'r.; a metre of 4 X 16 syllabic instants; another of 4 x 15 syllables;
another of 4 x 16 syllables; a kind of stringed instrument; a kind of Mrchan (in music);
illusion, unreality L.; `" born under the asterism Citr (Pn. 4-3, 34 Vrtt. 1)N. of
Arjuna's wife (sister of Kriishna = {subhadrA} L.) Hariv. 1952; of a daughter of Gada (or
Kriishna v.l.), 9194; of an Apsaras L.; of a river DivyA7v. xxx; of a rock BhP. xii, 8, 17; f.

pl. the asterism Citr VarBriS. xi, 57; ({a4m}) n. anything bright or coloured which
strikes the eyes RV. VS. TS. S'Br. TndyaBr. xviii, 9; a brilliant ornament, ornament RV.
i, 92, 13 S'Br. ii, xiii; a bright or extraordinary appearance, wonder, ii S'ak. Pacat.
Bhartri. &c.; (with {yadi} [S'ak. iii, 9/10] or {yad} [Hariv. 9062 S'ak. Kaths. xviii, 359]
or fut. [Pn. 3-3, 150 f.]) strange, curious (e.g. {citraM badhiro vyAkaraNam
adhyeSyate} `" it would be strange if a deaf man should learn grammar "' Ks'.) [396,
2]; strange! Hariv. 15652 Kaths. v, vii Rjat. i, iv; the ether, sky L.; a spot MBh. xiii,
2605; a sectarial mark on the forehead L.; = {kuSTha} L.; a picture, sketch, delineation
MBh. Hariv. 4532 ({sa-} mfn. = {-ga}) R. S'ak. &c. (ifc. f. {A} Megh. 64); variety of
colour L.; a forest ({vana} for {dhana}?) of variegated appearance Sch. on KtyS'r. xxi,
3, 23 and ShadvBr. ii, 10; various modes of writing or arranging verses in the shape of
mathematical or other fanciful figures (syllables which occur repeatedly being left out or
words being represented in a shortened form) Sarasv. ii, 16 Kpr. ix, 8 Sh.; punning in
the form of question and answer, facetious conversation, riddle, iv, 14/v Pratpar.
Kuval.; cf. a- and, {su-citra4}, {dA4nu-}, {vi-}; {caitra}.
codapravRddha* = ({-da4-}) mfn. exalted by the inspiring (draught of Soma), i,: 174, 6.
codana* = mfn. impelling AV. vii, 116, 1 (cf. {RSi-}, {eka-}, {kIri-}, {brahma-}, {radhraco4d-}); ({A}, {am}) fn. impelling, invitation, direction, rule, precept VS. xxix, 7 RPrt.
S'nkhS'r. KtyS'r. Lthy. Mn. ii, &c.; ({A}) f. reproof (as in Pli) DivyA7v. i, 54; ({i}),f.
N. of a plant(v.l. for {rodanI}) L. Sch.
codanAguDa* = m. a ball to play with L.
codayanmati* = mfn. (fr. {-da4yat}, p. {cud}, Caus.) promoting devotion RV. v, 8, 6; viii,
46, 19.

codayitavya* = mfn. to be criticised Bdar. Sch.

codayitR* = mf({trI4})n. one who impels or animates or promotes RV. i, 3, 11; vii, 81, 6
Kum. iii, 21.
codas* = see {a-coda4s}.
codaayani* = m. pl. N. of a family Pravar. iv, 8.
coDakarNa* = m. `" projecting-ear "'N. of a man Kaths. lxix, 164.
codaka* = Meaning* = mfn. impelling MBh. xiii, 71; m. direction, invitation KtyS'r. i. 10
Nyyam. x; (in Gr.) = {pari-graha} q.v. RPrt. x, 10 [400,2]; xi, 14; asker, objectioner,
pupil Jain.
coDaka* = {-colaka}, a jacket DivyA7v. xxvii, 541.
coda* = m. an implement for driving horses, goad or whip, v, 61, 3; ({-da4}) mfn.
animating, inspiring, promoting, i, 143, 6; ii, 13, 9 and 30, 6 (cf. {radhracoda4}.)
coDa* = m. {-cU4Da}, a sort of protuberance on a brick TS. v, 3, 7, 1 (ifc.); = {-Daka}
SaddhP.; pl. N. of a people L.; sg. a prince of that people Pn. 4-1, 175 Vrtt. (v.l. {cola});
({A}) f. N. of a plant L.
coda* = {-daka}, {-dana}, &c. see {cud}.
codana * = mfn. impelling AV. vii, 116, 1 (cf. %{RSi-}, %{eka-}, %{kIri-}, %{brahma-}, %
{radhra-co4d-}); (%{A}, %{am}) fn. impelling, invitation, direction, rule, precept VS.

xxix, 7 RPra1t. S3a1n3khS3r. Ka1tyS3r. La1t2y. Mn. ii, &c.; (%{A}) f. reproof (as in
Pa1li) DivyA7v. i, 54; (%{i}),f. N. of a plant(v.l. for %{rodanI}) L. Sch.
codita * = mfn. caused to move quickly RV. ix, 72, 5; driven, impelled, incited MBh. R.;
carried on (a business), iv, 28, 21 ({a-} neg.); invited, directed, ordered MBh. Ragh. xii,
59; informed, apprised W.; inquired after, BP. vii, 15, 13; enjoined, fixed, appointed,
S'nkhS'r. KtyS'r. Mn. ii f. viii MBh. xiii, 2439 R. (B) iii, 56, 16.
coditatva * n. the being enjoined Jaim. vi, 1, 9; ({a-} neg.) KtyS'r. i, 6
cumbita * m= mfn. kissed S'ak. iii Sh. i; touched closely or softly Mlatm. Vcar. xiv, 7
Sarvad.
cuuDa * = mfn. stupid (?) Divya7v. xxxv, 99 f.; m. (cf. {kU4Ta}) a sort of protuberance
on a sacrificial brick S'Br. viii and KtyS'r. (also ifc. f. {A}); m. or n. = {-DA-karaNa}
Yj. iii, 23; m. N. of a man (with the patr. Bhgavitti) S'Br. xiv, 9, 3, 17 f.; ({A}) f.
(beginning a Gana of Ganar. 365: g. {bhidA7di}) the hair on the top of the head, single
lock or tuft left on the crown of the head after tonsure Ragh.xviii, 50 (ifc.) Pars'. [401,
1]; = {-DA-karaNa} (cf. {-Do7panayana}) Ragh. iii, 28 Smriitit. i; the crest of a cock or
peacock L.; any crest, plume, diadem W.; the head L.; the top (of a column) Hcat. i, 3;
the summit Hit. i, l 01; a top-room (of a house) L.; a kind of bracelet L.; a small well L.;
N. of a metre; of a woman g. {bAhvAdi} ({-DAlA} Ks'.); cf. {cUla}, {coDa}, {caula} {uc}, {candra-}, {tAmra-}, {svarNa-}; {paMca-} and {mahA-cUDA}.
cuurNa * = mfn. ( %{carv}) minute, VarBiS. lxxxi, 6 ; m. [MBh. VarBr2S.] n. powder
flour, aromatic powder, pounded sandal, S3a1n3kbS3r. Ka1tyS3r. Kaus3. MBh. &c. (ifc.
Pa1n2. 6-2, 134) ; m. chalk, lime VarBr2S. xxvii, 36 Prab. ii, 17 Sch. ; N. of a man Vi1rac.

xv, xxviii ; n. rice mixed with sesam Ya1jn5. i, 303 ; a kind of easy prose Va1m. i, 3, 25 ;
dividing a word by separating double consonant for obtaining a different sense (in a
riddle, &c.), iv, 1, 7. [401,2]
cuuta: *V= species of mango tree.
cyuta* = 1 mfn. moved, shaken AV. ix, 2, 15; gone away from (abl.) R. ii, 52, 27 and 72,
5; (with abl. or ifc.) deviated from (lit. [Pacat. v, 3, 10/11] and fig. [Mn. viii, 418; xii, 70
ff. Hariv. 11105 and 11188]); (said of arrows) failing an aim (abl.) L.; flying away from
(abl. or in comp.; said of missile weapons) MBh. xiii, 4610 Hariv. 8088 R. iii BhP. iii, 18,
5; expelled from, deprived of (abl.) MBh. iii Bhathth. vii, 92; destitute of. free of (in
comp.) Pacat. i, 10, 26 Kaths. lx, 178; abandoned by (in comp.) VarBriS.li, 2;
disappeared, vanished Hariv. 11173 Ragh. iii, 45; viii, 65 Bhathth. iii; come forth from,
dropped from, streaming forth from (lit. and fig., as speech from the mouth) Mn. vi, 132
MBh. xiii, 2183 R. i-iii BhP. Bhathth. ix, 71; fallen from, fallen MBh. &c.; fallen from any
divine existence for being re-born as a man Buddh. Jain.; (in astrol.) standing in the $
Laghuj. x, 5; sunk (morally) Kum. v, 81; (in math.) divided Bijag.; cf. {a4-}, {ha4sta-}.\\
2 mfn. ifc. id. see {ghRta-}, {madhu-}.
cyuuta* = v.l. for {cUta}, the anus W.

D
da *= 1 the 3rd and soft letter of the 4th or dental class.
4 da 2 mf(%{A})n. (1. %{dA}) ifc. (Pa1n2. 3-2, 3) giving, granting, offering, effecting,

producing (e.g. %{abhI7STa-}, `" giving any desired object "' Pan5cat. ii, 50 ; %{gajavAji-vRddhi-}, `" promoting the welfare of elephants and horses "' VarBr2S. xviii, 5) Mn.
MBh. &c. (cf. %{agni-} ; %{a-doma-da4} ; %{anna-}, %{artha-}, %{garbha-}, %{janma-}
&c.) ; m. n. a gift L. ; (%{A}) f. id. L.\\ 3 mfn. ( %{do}) ifc. see %{anala-}, 2. %{jIva-} ;
m. n. the act of cutting off L. ; (%{A}) f. id. L.\\ 4 mfn. (4. %{da-}) ifc. see %{Rzyada4}.\\5 = %{da4t} cf. %{a-panna-}, %{panna-} ; %{So-Da}.\\6 m. a mountain L. ; n. a
wife (derived fr. %{da4m-patI}) L. ; (%{A}) f. heat, pain L.
daa = (v) to give
daa* = 3 For {do}, to cut q.v. * =4 cl. 4. P. {dya4ti} (cf. {A-} 4. {dA}), to bind, only in
{dISva} VS. xxxviii, 3 [cf. $ $]. * =5 For {de} q.v. * =6 f. ( {de}), protection, defence L. *
=7 For {dai} q.v. * =8 f. ( {das}) cleansing, purifying L.
daa*1 cl. 3. {da4dAti} (pl. {-dati} RV. &c.; . {datte} Pacat. i, 4, 19/20 12, 7 Subh.; 1.
sg. {dadmi} MBh. xii Hariv. R. if.; Impv. {da4dAtu} pl. {-dahu}; 2. sg. {daddhi4} RV. i f.
iv, vi, viii, x; {dehi4} [Pn. 6-4, 119] RV. iii f. viii, x AV. v, xviii f. &c. [473,3]; 2. pl.
{da4dAta} RV. vii, 57, 6, {-tana} x, 36, 10, {datta4} 51, 8 VS. AV. &c.; 2. du. {-tta4m}
RV. i, 34, 6 AV. &c.; Pot. {dadyA4} AV. &c.; impf. {a4dadAt}; pl. {a4dadur} RV. vi, x AV.
v, 18, 1; 2. du. {a4dattam} RV. &c.; 2. pl. {-ttana i}, 139, 7, {a4dadAta} x, 64, 12; Subj.
{da4dat} ii, v, vii f. x, {-das} vii f. {-dan} AV. vi, 24, 1 p. m. nom. sg. {da4dat} pl. {-tas}
RV. &c.; p. . {da4dAna}, v, 33, 9; {-na4}, i. 148, 2; v, 2, 3; sg. {dadati}, ii, 35, 10 MBh.
iii, 13422; pl. {-danti}, xii f.; Impv. {-da}, ix MrkP.; {-data} Sinha7s.; Pot. {-det} Pars'.
vi, 19; impf. {a4dadat} AV. xii, 4, 23 MBh. R.; . sg. {da4date} RV. i, 24, 7 AV. x, 8, 36;
pl. {-dante}, 35 VS. viii, 31; Impv. sg. {-datAm} RV. iii, 53, 17; {-dasva} MBh. Hariv. &c.;
impf. pl. {a4dadanta} RV. vii, 33, i i AV. xiv; p. {da4damAna} RV. i, 41, 9; iv, 26, 6; aor.
{a4dAt} [Pn. 2-4, 77], {dat}, {a4dur}, {du4r} &c.; Subj. 2. du. {dAsathas} RV. viii, 40, 1

[cf. Naigh. ii, 30]; Pot. 1. pl. {deSma} VS. ii, 32; pf. {dadau4}, {-du4r}, {-da4thur}, {datur}, {-do4} RV. &c.; Pass {-de4}, iv, 34 & 37 AV. X, 2, 16; {dadade}, {-dAte}, {-dire}
Pn. 6-4, 126 Ks'.; p. gen. {dadu4Sas} RV. i, viii, {-SAm} vi; nom. {-dvA4n}, x, 132, 3;
{-dAvan} AV. v, 11, 1; acc. {-divA4Msam}, ix, 5, 10 [cf. Vop. xxvi, 133]; fut. p. {dAsya4t}
AV.vi, 71, 3; . {-syate}, {-syante}, 1. sg. {-sye} MBh. Hariv. R. MrkP.; Prec. {deyAt}
Pn. 6-4, 67; inf. {dAva4ne} RV.; {dA4tos}, vii, 4, 6; {-tave}, vii-ix AV. iii, 20, 5;
{dA4tavai4} [Pn. vi, 1, 200 Siddh.] RV. iv, 21, 9; {-tum}, v AV. &c.: ind. p. {dattvA4ya}
[Pn. 7-1, 47 Ks'.] RV. x, 85, 33; {-ttva} AV. &c.; {-dA4ya} [Pn. 6-4, 69] RV. &c.: Pass.
{dIyate} [Pn. 6-4, 62]; p. {-ya4mAna} AV. ix; aor. {adAyi} Pn. 7-3, 33 Ks'.; Prec.
{dAsISTa}, {dAyis-}, vi, 4, 62) cl. 1. {dA4ti} (RV. iv-vii; Impv. {-tu}, 15, 11; cf. Pn. 6-1, 8
Vrtt. 3 Pat.; ii, 4, 76 Ks'.) to give, bestow, grant, yield, impart, present, offer to (dat., in
later language also gen. or loc.) RV. &c.; to give (a daughter, {kanyAm}) in marriage Mn.
v, ix Yj. MBh. &c.; to hand over Mn. viii, 186 & 234; (with {haste}) Kaths.; to give
back, 222 f. MBh. iii Pacat. VP. Kaths. lxxiv; to pay ({daNDam}, `" a fine "' Mn. viii f.;
{RNam}, a debt "', viii Yj. ii, 45); to give up, cede ({Asanam}, `" one's seat "') Mn. iv,
54; ({panthAnam} or {mArgam}, `" to give up the road, allow to pass "') viii, 275 and R.
v, 94, 8; to sell (with instr. of the price), i Nal. xiv, 21 VarBriS. xlii, 11; to sacrifice
({AtmAnam}, `" one's self. "' Kaths. xxii, 227; {At-} {khedAya}, to give one's self up to
grief "', v, 57); to offer (an oblation &c.) Mn. Yj. R. &c.; to communicate, teach, utter
(blessings, {AziSas} S'ak. MrkP.), give (answer, {prati-vacas}, {-canam}, {pratyuttaram} Nal. S'ak. &c.), speak ({satyaM vacas}, the truth, yj. ii, 200; {vacam}, to
address a speech to [dat.] S'ak. vi, 5); to permit, allow (with inf.) MBh. i S'ak. vi, 22; to
permit sexual intercourse S'Br. xiv, 9, 4, 7; to place, put, apply (in med.) Mn. Yj. MBh.
&c.; to add Pacat. ii, 6, 5 Sryas. VarBriS. Laghuj.; with {varam} "', to grant a boon "'
S'Br. xi KtyS'r. MBh. &c.; {zoham}, to cause grief "', xiii R. ii; {avakAzam}, `" to give
room or space, allow to enter Yj. ii, 276 Mriicch. Ragh. &c.; {prANAn} or {jIvitam}, `"
to spare any one's life "' MBh. Kaths. xviii, 275; {talam} or {-lAn}, to slap with the

palms of the hands MBh. iii, ix Hariv. 15741; {-la-prahAram}, to strike with the palm
Pacat. iv,. 2, 0/1 {tAlam}, to beat time with the hands MBh. i Bhathth.; {saMjJAm}, to
make a sign Mriicch.; {saMketakam}, to make an appointment Pacat. ii, 4, 3/4
{samayam}, to propose an agreement Kaths. xviii, 139; {upamAm}, to compare with
[gen.] Cn.; {paTaham}, to proclaim with the drum Kaths. lxxiii, 357; {zabdam}, to
make a noise, call out Vet. iv, 2/3; {zApam}, to utter a curse MBh. R. &c.; {gAIh}. id.
Bhartri.; {anuyAtram}, to accompany Kaths. xviii, 197; {AliGganane},
{parirambhaNam}, to embrace, 209 Gt. iii, 8; {jhampam}, to jump Hit.; {zrAddham},
to perform a Srddha MBh. xiv R. ii; {vratakam}, to accomplish a vow Hariv.;
{yuddham}, {niy-}, {saMgrAmam}, to give battle, fight with MBh. Hariv. R.; {AjJAm}
{Adezam}, to give an order, command, i BrahmaP. Vet.; {saMdezam}, to give
information Kaths. xvii, 161; {prayogam}, to give a dramatic representation Mlav. i,
12/13 {vRtim}, to fence in Mn. viii, 240 Kull.; {darzanam}, to show one's self Prab. iii,;
0/1 {dRSTim} {dRzam} {akSi} {caksus}, to fix the eyes on (loc.) S'ak.i, 6 Kaths.
Dhrtas. S'riingrat. Sh.; {karNam}, to give ear, listen S'ak. Kaths.; {manas}, to direct
the mind to (loc.) MBh. xii, 2526; {kars} {kapolam}, to rest the cheek on the hand
Krand. xviii, 73 [474,1]; {nigaDAni} to put on or apply fetters Mriicch. vii, 6/7
{pAvakam}, to set on fire; {agnIn} to consume by fire Mn. v, 168; {zAram}, to move a
chess-man Das'. vii, 137; {argalam}, to draw a bolt, bar Kaths. Rjat. vi, 96; {jAnu}, to
kneel upon (gen.) MBh. iii f.; {padam}, to tread upon [loc.] Bhartri. Hit. ii, 12, 25
SS'ankar. i, 38; to direct the steps Amar. 74; {viSam}, to poison Pacar. i, 14, 80 (with
acc.!); {garam} id. VP. iv, 3, 16 (with gen.); -. to carry, hold, keep, preserve RV. AV.
VS.; to show SV. i, 2, 1, 4, 7 (aor. {adadiSTa}; {aded-} fr. {diz} RV.): Caus. {dApayati}
(Pn. vii, 3, 36; aor. {adIdapat}, 4, 1 and 58 Ks'.) to cause to give or be given, cause to
bestow or present or give up, oblige to pay, make restore VS. ix, 24 AV. iii, 20, 8 Mn. &c.;
to demand from (abl.) Mn. viii, 47; to cause to utter or speak Hariv. 15782 Yj. ii, 6/7
{ghoSaNAm}, to cause to be made known Kaths. lxiv, 86; to cause to place or advance,

xii, 160; to cause to perform, v, 112 to cause to be put on (loc.) MBh. i, 5724: Desid.
{di4tsati} (Pn. 7-4, 54 and 58; p. {di4dAsat} RV. x, 151, 2; {di4tsat}, ii, vii-ix AV. v, 7, 6
MBh.; Pot. {-tseyam} RV. viii MBh.; pf. 2. sg. {didAsitha} AitBr. viii, 21 S'nkhS'r. xvi,
16; cf. S'Br. xiii, 7, 1, 15) to wish to give, be ready to bestow RV. &c.; to wish to give in
marriage MBh. &c.: Intens. {dedIyate} Pn. 6-4, 66 Ks'.; [cf. $; Lat. {do}; &c.]
daa*2 m. a giver RV. v, 41, 1 (dat. {de4}); vi, 16, 26 (nom. {dA4s}); ifc., giving, granting
"' see {an-azva-}, {a-bhikSa-}, {azva-}, {Atma-}, &c. {-dA4}; {a4n-AzIr-}.
daaH = giving
daaha *= m. (fr. %{dah}) burning, combustion, conflagration, heat Ka1tyS3r. Mn.
Ya1jn5. MBh. R. &c. ; place of cremation Vas. xix, 26 ; glowing, redness (of the sky cf. %
{dig-}) Mn. MBh. VarBr2S. &c. ; cauterizing, cautery (of a wound) Sus3r. Ma1lav. iv, 4 ;
internal heat, fever Sus3r. ; pl. N. of a people (v.l. for %{vaideha}) Va1yuP. 1 ; %{-haka}
mf(%{I})n. burning, setting on fire Ya1jn5. ii, 282 BhP. xi, 10, 8 ; m. Plumbago
Zeylanica.
daahana *= n. (fr. the Caus.) causing to burn or be burnt, reducing to ashes MBh. i,
403 BhP. xii, 12, 40 ; cauterizing W. ; (%{I}) f. Grislea Tomentosa L.
daakiNii = the goddess in mulaadhaara chakra
daaDimaphalam.h = (n) pomegranate, anaar
daaDhaa* = f. (= and prob. fr. %{daMSTrA}) large tooth, tusk L.; wish, desire L.;
number, multitude

daadhaara = holds
daakshya = cleverness, honesty, brilliance
daakshyaM = resourcefulness
daakshiNa * = nif({I})n. (fr. {da4kSiNA} f.) belonging or relating to a sacrificial fee S'Br.
S'nkhS'r.; relating to the south W.; ({A}) f. the southern country i.e. the Deccan (see
below, {-ja}); n. a collection of sacrificial fees (g. {bhikSA7di}); pl. N. of a Knda of TS.
daal: thick lentil soup
daama = garland (like)
daambha* = mf({I})n. (fr. {dambha}) deceitful, hypocritical Nalac
daamyati = (4 pp) to tame
daanta* = 1 mfn. ( {dam}) tamed, broken in, restrained, subdued; mild, patient Br. Mn.
MBh. &c.; liberal L.; m. a tamed ox or steer (cf. {damya}) Rjat. v, 432; a donor, giver
W.; Ficus Indica or = {damanaka} L.; N. of a son of Bhma Nal. 1, 9; of a bull Kaths.
xvi, 295; pl. of a school of the AV.; ({A}) f. of an Apsaras MBh. xiii, 1425.\\* = 2
mf({I})n. (fr. {danta}) made of ivory MBh. R. Sus'r.\\= 3 mfn. ending in {dA}, MnGr, i,
18 Gobh. ii, 8, 16.
daana = the act of giving
daana* = 1 n. the act of giving RV. S'Br. MBh. &c.; giving in marriage (cf. {kanyA-});

giving up (cf. {prANa-}, {Atma-}, {zarIra-} Pac. ii); communicating, imparting,

teaching (cf. {brakma-}); paying back, restoring Mn. Yj.; adding, addition (VarBriS.);
donation, gift Lat. {donum}] RV. S'Br. &c. ({-naMdA}, to offer a ggift Mn. Yj. Hit.
&c.; {-nam prayam}, to bestow a ggift Mn. iv, 234); oblation (cf. {udaka-}, {havir-});
liberality (cf. 2. {dAna}); bribery Mn.vii, 198 (cf. {upA7ya}).
daana* = 2 n. cutting off. splitting, dividing L.; pasture, meadow RV.; rut-fluid (which
flows from an elephant's temples) MBh. Hariv. &c.; ({dAna4}) m. (only in RV. but cf.
{vasu-}) distribution of food or of a sacrificial meal; imparting, communicating,
liberality; part, share, possession; distributor, dispenser RV. vii, 27, 4.
daana* = 3 n. purification L.
daanaiH = by charity
daanaM = charity
daanava = a demon
daanavaH = the demons
daaNDa* = 1 mf({I})n. relating to a stick or to punishment W.; m. patr. fr. {daNDa}, (g.
{zivA7di}); ({A}) f. a partic. game with sticks Pn. 4-2, 57 Ks'.; n. the being a staff (g.
{pRthv-Adi}); multitude of staff-bearers, vi, 4, 164 Sch.
daane = in charity
daanena = by charity

daaneshhu = in giving charities

daanika * = mfn. relating to a gift, &c. (only ifc.; cf. %{adhyayana-}, %{udaka-}, %{vara}).
daanta \\ 1 mfn. ( %{dam}) tamed, broken in, restrained, subdued ; mild, patient Br.
Mn. MBh. &c. ; liberal L. ; m. a tamed ox or steer (cf. %{damya}) Ra1jat. v, 432 ; a
donor, giver W. ; Ficus Indica or = %{damanaka} L. ; N. of a son of Bhi1ma Nal. 1, 9 ; of
a bull Katha1s. xvi, 295 ; pl. of a school of the AV. ; (%{A}) f. of an Apsaras MBh. xiii,
1425.\\ 2 mf(%{I})n. (fr. %{danta}) made of ivory MBh. R. Sus3r. \\3 mfn. ending in %
{dA}, Ma1nGr, i, 18 Gobh. ii, 8, 16.
daantau = with good teeth?
daara* =1 Inf({I})n. ( {dRR}) tearing up, rending (cf. {bhU-}); m. rent, cleft, hole
TndyaBr. xv, 3, 7 (cf. {udara-}, {karbu-}, {a-dAra-sRt}); ({I}) f. id. Sus'r.
daara* =2 m. pl. (probably not connected with s. {dAra} and {dRR}, but cf. Pn. 3-3, 20
Vrtt. 4) a wife (wives) GriS. Mn. MBh. &c. ({-An} {kR} or {pra-kR}, take to wife, marry
MBh.; cf. {kRta-}); rarely m. sg. (p. i, 14, 24 Gaut. xxii, 29) f. sg. (BhP. vii, 14, ii) and n.
pl. (Pac. i, 450).
daaraa = woman
daaridrya = poverty
daars'a* = mf(%{I})n. (fr. %{darza}) relating to the new moon or the nnew mmoon
sacrifice Kaus3. 24; m. (scil. %{yajJa}) the nnew moon ssacrifice Mn. vi, 9.

daaru = (neut) tree, wood

daaruNa * = mf({A}, once {I})n. hard, harsh (opp. {mRdu}) S'Br. MBh. Sus'r.; rough,
sharp, severe, cruel, pitiless; dreadful, frightful; intense, violent Mn. MBh. R. S'ak. Pac.
&c.; (in comp. or {-am} before a vb. to express excellence or superiority cf. g.
{kASThA7di}); m. Plumbago Zeylanica L.; n. harshness, severity, horror MBh.; {-Naka}
n. N. of a disease of the roots of the hair Sus'r.; {-Nya} n. harshness (of sound, TPrat. ii,
10).
daarvaaghaaTaH = (m) woodpecker
daasa* = 1 m. fiend, demon; N. of certain evil beings conquered by Indra (e.g. Namuci,
Pipru, S'ambara, Varcin &c.) RV.; savage, barbarian, infidel (also {dA4sa}, opp. to
{Arya}; cf. {dasyu}); slave, servant RV. AV. Mn. &c.; a s'dra L. Sch.; one to whom gifts
may be made W.; a fisherman (v.l. for {dAza}); ifc. of names, esp. of S'dras and Kyasthas (but cf. also {kAli-}); ({I}) f. a female servant or slave AV. S'Br. Mn. MBh. &c.;
harlot L. Sch.; N. of a plant (= {nilA} or {pItA jhintI}, {kAka-jaGghA}, {nIlA7mlANa}
&c.) L.; an altar L.; N. of a river L.; ({dA4sa}) mf({I})n. fiendish, demoniacal,
barbarous, impious RV.\\ 2 m. a knowing man, esp. a knower of the universal spirit L.
daasharathiH = dasharatha's son
daasaH = (male, nom.sing.) servant
daasosmyaham.h = disciple+am+I
daasya* = n. servitude, slavery, service S'Br. Mn. &c.

daas'u * =worshipping, sacrificing

daas'a * =(written also {dAsa}) m. fisherman, ferryman, mariner VS. xxx, 16 Mriicch.
viii, 408, 9 MBh. Hariv. &c.; the son of a Nishda by a woman of the yogava caste Mn.
x, 34; servant, slave L.; ({I}) f. fisherwoman, female slave L. \\dAza * =3 the Vriiddhi
form of 2. {daza} in comp.
daasya * = n. servitude, slavery, service S3Br. Mn. &c.
Daakinii * = f. (of {-ka} Pn. 4-2, 51 Pat.) a female imp attending Kl (feeding on human
flesh) BhP.x BrahmaP. MrkP. Kaths. ({DAginI}, cii, cviii f.) (cf. {zAk-}); N. of a
locality S'ivaP. i, 38, 18.
daas'va *= mfn. (corrupted fr. %{dAzva4s}) liberal , munificent L.
daasyante = will award
daasyaami = I shall give charity
daatavya = shouold be given
daatavyaM = worth giving
daataa = (masc.Nom.S) the giver
daataaraM = the giver
daataaram.h = one who gives

daava * = conflagration, esp. a forest conflagration S'Br. MBh. &c.; fire, heat; distress L.;
m. n. a forest MBh. (always connected with fire) Ragh. ii, 8.
daaya *= 1 mfn. (Pa1n2. 3-1 , 139 ; 141) giving , presenting (cf. %{zata-} , %{go-}) ; m.
gift , present , donation MBh. R. &c. ; nuptial fee L. (cf. %{su-}) ; gift at the ceremony of
initiation W. ; handing over , delivery Mn. viii , 165 ; n. game , play Pan5cad.\\ 2 m.
share , portion , inheritance RV. TS. &c. (%{dAyAd@upA7gata} , obtained through
inheritance , Mit. ; %{dAyam@upai9ti@pitus} , he obtains his father's inheritance Br.) ;
division , part (ifc. = fold cf. %{zata4-}) ; dismembering , destruction L. ; irony L. ; place
, site L.
daayinii = giver
dadati = give, donate
dadadaH = (n) a thunder
dadaami = I give
dadaasi = you give, confer upon
dadau = gave (from daa: to give)
dadha* = mfn. (iii, i, 139) `" giving "' see %{iDA-}, %{ilA-}.\\1 mfn. (2, 171 Va1rtt. 3) `"
giving "' RV. x, 46, 1; preserving (with acc.) Vop.; n. a house L.
dadhatamurujaTaa = bearing, head adornments

dadhaatu = let them give( us welfare)

dadhaami = create
dadhichii = a sage who gave his bones to the gods to make a thunderbolt
dadhmuH = blew
dadhmau = blew
dagdha = burned, tormented, pained, consumed by grief or hunger, distressed; dry,
insipid; inauspicious; miserable, execrable
daghibaaga = (f) Chinese take-out
dah *= 1 cl. 1. P%{dahati} (ep. a1so A1. ; p. %{da4hati} impf. %{a4dahat} ; aor "' %
{adhAk} RV. ii, 15, 4 ; 1 .sg. %{-kSam} MBh. vii ; 3. pl %{-kskur} Katha1s. ; Subj. %
{dhAk} RV. i, 158, 4 ; 2. sg. %{dhakSi}, iv, 4, 4 ; p. %{dha4kSat} [also nom. m.], vi, 3, 4
x, 91, 7 %{da4hSat}, i, 130, 8 ; fut. %{dhakSyati} [Pa1n2. 7-2, 10 Siddh. Ka1r. 6] MBh.
[Pot. %{dhakSyet}, i, 8383] &c. ; %{dahiSy-}, i, 2120 BhP. iv Prasan3g. xix, 7 ; inf. %
{dagdhum}) to burn, consume by fire, scorch roast RV. &c. ; to cauterise Sus3r. ; to
consume, destroy completely Mn. vii, 9 MBh. &c. ; to torment, torture, pain, distress,
disturb, grieve MBh. &c.: Pass. %{dahyate} (%{-ti} Ma1nGr2. ii, 15 MBh. if., xiif.) ; to be
burnt, burn, be in flames AV. Nir. &c. ; to be consumed by fire or destroyed Mn. vi, 71 ;
to be inflamed (a wound) Sus3r. i, 28 ; to be consumed by internal heat or grief, suffer
pain, be distressed or vexed MBh. &c. ; Caus. %{dAhayati} to burn or be burned Mn.
Ya1jn5. i, 89 MBh. &c. ; to cause to be cooked Hariv. 15523 (aor. pl. %{adIdahan}):
Desid. %{didhakSati} (cf. %{-kSA}, %{-kSu}) to be about to burn or consume or destroy

MBh. i-iv R. (p. %{-kSamANa}): Desid. Caus. (p. %{-kSayat}) to cause any one to make
efforts to burn Bhat2t2. iii, 33: Intens. %{dandahIti}, %{-hyate} (Pa1n2. 3-1, 24 ; 7-4,
86) to burn or destroy completely Hariv. 8726 BhP. vi, 8, 21 (Impv. %{-dagdhi}) S3is3.
Prasannar. vi, 32 and 48 ; A1. to be burnt completely Hariv. 7040 BhP. Pan5cat. i, 8,
23/24 [cf. Lith. {degu4}, I am hot "' ; Goth. {dag-s} ; Old Germ. {ta1h-t}, `" a wick
"'].\\dah 2 mfn. `" burning "' see %{uza4-}.
dahana *= mf(%{I})n. burning, consuming by fire, scorching, destroying (chiefly ifc.) Hariv. BhP.
Bhartr2. ; (said of the %{dhAraNA} of fire) Goraksh. 164 ; m. fire (of three kinds), Agni Kaus3. MBh.
&c. (ifc. f. %{A} Hora1s3.) ; the numeral three VarBr2S. Su1ryas. ; one of the 5 forms of fire in the
Sva1ha1-ka1ra Hariv. 10465 ; a pigeon L. ; Plumbago zeylanica L. ; Anacardium officinarum L. ; N. of
an attendant of Skanda MBh. ix, 2536 ; N. of a Rudra, i MatsyaP. ; n. burning, consuming by fire Kaus3.
80 R. vii Ragh. &c. ; cauterising Sus3r. ; sour gruel Npr. ; (%{A}) f. N. of part of the moon's course
VarBr2S. ix, 1-3 Sch. ; (%{I}) f. Sanseviera Roxburghiana L.dahat.h = one that burns
dahati = (1 pp) to burn, to pain
dahra *= 1 mfn. small, fine, thin, Na1-rUp. A1p. i, 9, 23 (%{-re@para-rAtre}, in the
shorter half of the night "') ; (%{a4m}, n) ind. little TS. vii, 5, 3, 1 ; n. the cavity of the
heart BhP. iii ; vi, 9.\\ 2 m. a wood on fire Un2. vr2. ; fire ib.
daihya *= nif(%{A})n. being in the body (%{At}, nan) ib. ; m. the soul ib.
Daitya = a demon son of Diti
DaityaanaaM = of the demons
dainya *= n. wretchedness, affliction, depression, miserable state MBh. Ka1v. Sus3r. &c.

; meanness, covetousness W.
dainyayoga = Combination of planets (Yoga) which give rise to poverty. Usually it is
caused by the malefic conjunctions of house lords with the lords of the 6th, 8th or 12th
houses
daiva = destiny
daivaM = in worshiping the demigods
daivaH = godly
daivii = transcendental
daiviiM = divine
dal* = (= {dRR}) cl. l. {-lati} [pf. {dadAla}] Bhathth. xiv; aor. pl. {adAliSur}, xv) to,
crack, fly open, split, open (as a bud) Sus'r. ii, 16 Sis'. ix, 15 Bhm. i, 4 Amar. Gt.
Dhrtas.: Caus. {dAlayati}, to cause to burst Sus'r. Bhathth.: {dal-} id., Anargh. Gt. i, 8
Sch. [471, 2]; to expel Mlatm. viii, 1 Kaths. lviii, 8; cii, 58; cf. {ava-}, {ud-}, {vi-}.
Dam * = cl. 1. P. (p. %{-mat}) to sound (as a drum) Prab. iii, 14.
dam * = 1 cl.4. %{dAmyati} (Pa1n2. 7-3, 74 ; ind. p. %{dAntvA} and %{damitvA}, 2, 56
; aor. Pass. %{adami}, 3, 34 Ka1s3. ; P. %{-mit} Bhat2t2. xv, 37) to be tamed or
tranquillised S3Br. xiv, 8, 2, 2 (Impv. %{dA4myata}) ; to tame, subdue, conquer MBh.
vii, 2379 and BhP. iii, 3, 4 (ind. p. %{damitvA}) Bhat2t2.: cl. 9. irreg. (? Subj. 2. sg. %
{da4nas}) id. RV. i, 174, 2: Caus. %{damayati} (p. %{-ma4yat} ; A1. Pa1n2. 1-3, 89) to

subdue, overpower RV. vii, 6 ; x, 74, 5 AV.v, 20, 1 MBh. Ra1jat. ; Desid. see %{dAn} ; [cf.
$, $ ; Lat. {domare} &c.]\\ 2 a house RV. x, 46, 7 (gen. pl. %{damAm}) ; %
{pa4tir@da4n} (gen. sg.) = %{da4m-patis}, 99, 6 ; 105, 2 ; i, 149, 1 ; 153, 4 ; %
{pa4ti@da4n} = %{da4m-patI}, 120, 6 ; %{zi4zur@da4n} `" a child of the house "', x,
61, 20 ; [cf. $ &c.]
da.nDaH = punishment
da.ntii = the tusked one
da.nsh.h = to bite
da.nshhTra = tooth
da.nshhTraa = (fem) tooth, fang
dakaraakSasa* = m. a water-Rkshasa DivyA7v. viii, 262 ff.
dakalaavaNika* = mfn. prepared with water and salt L.
Dakaara* = m. the letter {D} TPrt. iv, 38 Sch.
dakaara* = m. the letter or sound {d}.
Daaka* = m. an imp attending Kl Klac. v, 38.
daka* = n. = {ud-}, water Phetk. xvii; cf. {dagA7rgala}.

dakhiNa = right side

daksha = a lord of created beings
dakshaH = expert* = mf({A})n. able, fit, adroit, expert, clever, dexterous, industrious,
intelligent RV. &c.; strong, heightening or strengthening the intellectual faculties
(Soma), ix f.; passable (the Ganges) MBh. xiii, 1844; suitable BhP. iv, 6, 44 Bhartri. iii,
64; right (opposed to left) RmatUp. i, 22 Phetk. i; m. ability, fitness, mental power,
talent (cf. {-kratu4}), strength of will, energy, disposition RV. AV. VS.; evil disposition
RV. iv, 3, 13; x, 139, 6; a particular form of temple Hcat. ii, 1, 390; a general lover W.; a
cock Car. i, vi; N. of a plant L.; fire L.; Siva's bull L.; N. of an ditya (identified with
Praj-pati TS. iii S'Br. ii; father of Kriittik S'ntik.) RV. if., x Nir. ii, xi; N. of one of the
Praj-patis (MBh. xii, 7534 Hariv. VP. i, 7, 5 and 22, 4 BhP.iii, 12, 22 MatsyaP. cvl, 15
KrmaP. &c. S'ak. vii, 27; born from Brahm's right thumb MBh. i, xii Hariv. &c.; or
from A-ja "', the unborn "' BhP. iv, 1, 47; or son of Pra-cetas or of the of 10 Pra-cetasas,
whence called Prcetasa MBh. i, xii f. Hariv. 101 VP. i, 15; father of 24 daughters by Prasti VP. i, 7, 17 ff. BhP. &c.; of 50 [or 60 MBh. xii, 61 36 R. iii, 20, 10; or 44 Hariv. 1 1521
ff.] daughters of whom 27 become the Moos wives, forming the lunar asterisms, and 13
[or 17 BhP.; or 8 R.] those of Kas'yapa, becoming by this latter the mothers of gods,
demons, men, and animals, while 10 are married to Dharma Mn. ix, 128f. MBh. i, ix; xii,
7537ff. Hariv. VP. &c.; celebrating a great sacrifice [hence {dakSa sya4yana}, `" N. of a
sacrifice "' Mn. vi, 10] to obtain a son, he omitted, with the disapproval of Dadhca, to
invite Siva, who ordered Vira-bhadra to spoil the sacrifice Hariv. 12212 [identified with
Vishnu] ff. VyuP.i, 30, = BrahmaP. i LingaP. MatsyaP. xiii VmP. ii-v S'ivaP. i, 8
Ks'Kh. lxxxvii ff.; named among the Vis've-devs Hariv. 11542 VyuP.; Briihasp.
[Hcat] &c.); N. of a son of Garuda MBh. v, 3597; of a man with the patr. Prvati S'Br. ii,
4, 4, 6; of a law-giver Yj. i, 5 Mn. ix, 88 Sch. &c.; of a son of Us'i-nara BhP. ix, 23, 2; of

one of the 5 Knyakubja Brhmans from whom the Bengal Brhmansare said to have
sprung Kshiti7s'. i, 13 and 41; ({A}) f. the earth L.; cf. {a-tUta-}, {dina4-}, {samAna4};
{su-da4kSa}; {mArga-dakSaka}; {dAkSAya4n}; $; Lat. {dex-ter}; Goth. {taiksvs}.
dAkSa* = mf({I})n. (fr. {dakSa}) relating to Daksha (Hariv.) or to Dkshi (Pn. 4-2,
112); southern, dwelling in the south SS'ankar.; m. or n. the south (in {-SasyA7yana} n.
the sus progress towards ssouth, the winter solstice and sacrifice then performed Mn.
vi, 10 [v.l. {dakS-}]); m. pl. N. of the disciples of a partic. school (see {kumArI-d-}).
dakshiNa = South * = (also {-Na4} S'Br.) mf({A})n. (declined as a pron. when denoting
relative position [`" right "' or, southern "'] KtyS'r. As'vGri. &c.; cf. Pn. 1-1, 34; vii, 1,
16; but not necessarily in abl. and loc. sg. m. n. [{-Ne} KtyS'r. Mn. ii, 63] and nom. pl.
m.; except Hariv: 12390) able, clever, dexterous Pn. 1-1, 34 Ks'. S'atr. (ifc.); right (not
left) RV. AV. VS. &c. ({-NaM parI7}, to walk round a person with the right side towards
him "' BhP. iv, 12, 25; {-maMkR}, to place any one on the right side as a mark of respect
"', i, viii); south, southern (as being on the right side of a person looking eastward),
situated to the south, turned or directed southward AV. VS. &c.; coming from south
(wind) Sus'r. Ragh. iv, 8; (with {AmnAya}) the southern sacred text (of the Tntrikas),
Kularn. iii; straightforward, candid, sincere, pleasing, compliant MBh. iv, 167 R. S'ak.iv,
18 Sh. iii, 35 Pratpar. BrahmaP.; m. the right (hand or arm) RV. i, viii, x TS. v; the
horse on the, right side of the pole of a carriage, i, x VS. ix, 8; S'iva; m. or n. the south
Nal. ix, 23 R. iv; n. the righthand or higher doctrine of the S'ktas Kula7rn. ii; ({am})
ind. to the right R. ii, 92, 13; ({A}) f. (scil. {go}), able to calve and give milk "', a prolific
cow, good milch-cow RV. AV.; a fee or present to the officiating priest (consisting
originally of a cow cf. Kty S'r. xv Lthy. viii, 1, 2 ). RV. Rc.; Donation to the priest
(personified along with brhmanas-pati, Indra, and Soma, i, 18, 5; x, 103, 8; authoress
of x, 107 RAnukr.; wife of Sacrifice [Ragh. i, 31 BhP. ii, 7, 21, both being children of Ruci

and Akti, iv, l, 4 f. VP. i, 7, 18 f.); reward RV. viii, 24, 2I; (offered to the Guru) MBh. v
Ragh. v, 20 Kaths. iv, 93 f.; ({-NAm A-} {diz}, to thank "' DivyA7v. vii, 104; Caus. to
earn thanks, i); a gift, donation (cf. {abhaya-}, {prA7Na-}) Mn. iii R. ii; (scil. {diz}) the
south, Deccan L.; a figure of Durg having the right side prominent W.; completion of
any rite ({pra-tiSThA}) L.; ({e}) loc. ind. on the right side Hemac.; ({At}) abl. ind. from
or on the right side Pn. 5-3, 4; from the south, southward ib.; ({ena}) instr. ind. on the
right or south (35), on the right side of or southward from (acc.; ii, 3, 31) S'Br. KtyS'r.
MBh. &c. (with {kR}, to place or leave on the right BhP. v, 21, 8); ({ais}) instr. ind. to the
right Kaus'. 77; [cf. Lith. {de4szine7} f. the right hand. "']
dakshiNaattaat.h = from the southern direction
dakshiNaayanaM = when the sun passes on the southern side
dakshiNe = in the southern direction
dakshiNeshvara = Dakshineshvar, place near Calcutta
danta* = m. (fr. &) = {da4t} RV. vi, 75, 11 AV. &c. (n. R. vi, 82, 28; ifc., {al} [Kaths. xxi
Caurap.] or {I} [MBh. ix Mriicch. x, 13 VarBriS. Ghath.] Pn. 4-1, 55); the number 32
Ganit.; an elephant's tusk, ivory MBh. R. &c. [468, 3]; the point (of an arrow? {atharI4})
RV. iv, 6, 8; the peak or ridge of a mountain, Haravij. iv, 32 Dharmas'arm. vii, 32; an
arbour S'is'. iv, 40; a pin used in playing a lute, Haravij. i, 9; ({i}) f. = {-tikA} Sus'r.
VarBriS.; (in music) N. of a composition; cf. {ibha-dantA}; {kuDmala-} and {krUra-adantI} &c.
daNDa = a staff, also monetary punishment for wrong doing\\* = ( = $ -v, hence cognate

with {d4ru} and {dRR}) m. (n. [cf. {ikSu-}] g. {ardharcA7di}) a stick, staff, rod, pole,
cudgel, club RV. &c. (staff given at investiture with the sacred thread S'Br. &c.; `" penis
[with {vaitasa4}] "', xi, 5, 1, 1; `" trunk "' see {zuNDA-}; `" arm "' or `" leg "' see {dor-},
{bAhu-}; `" tusk "' see {daMSTrA-}); = {-DakA7sana} BriNrP. xxxi, 115 (n.); a stalk,
stem (of a tree; cf. {ikSu-}, {ud-}, {khara-}) MBh. ii, 2390; the staff of a banner, 2079;
iv, xiv; the handle (of a ladle, sauce-pan, fly-flap, parasol &c.) AitBr. S'Br. &c.; the steam
of a plough L.; `" a mast "' see {mahAdaNDa-dhara}; the cross-bar of a lute which holds
the strings S'nkhS'r. xvii; the stick with which a lute is played L.; a churning-stick (cf. {DA7hata}) L.; a pole as a measure of length (= 4 Hastas) VarBriS.xxiv, 9 MrkP.il; N. of
a measure of time (= 60 Vi-kals) BrahmaP. ii VarP. BhavP.; N. of a staff-like
appearance in the sky (`" N. of a planet "' (L.; cf. {-bhAsa}) VarBriS.; N. of a
constellation, xx, 2 VarBri. Laghuj.; a form of military array (cf. {-vyuha}) L.; a line (cf.
{-pAta}); a staff or sceptre as a symbol of power and sovereignty (cf. {nyasta-}),
application of power, violence Mn. vii f. MBh.; power over (gen. or in comp.), control,
restraint (cf. {vAg-}, {mano-}, {kAya-} [{karma-} MrkP. xli, 22]; {tri-daNDin}) Subh.;
embodied power, army ({koza-}, du `" treasure and army "' Mn. ix, 294 MBh. Kir. ii, 12)
Mn. vii Ragh. xvii, 62; the rod as a symbol of judicial authority and punishment,
punishment (corporal, verbal, and fiscal; chastisement and imprisonment, reprimand,
fine) TndyaBr. xvii, 1 Mn. MBh. &c. (cf. {gupta4} & {gUDha-}) [466,3]; pride L.; m. a
horse L.; Punishment (son of Dharma and Kriy VP. i, 7, 27 MrkP. l); Yama L.; S'iva
MBh. xii, 10361; N. of an attendant of the Sun, iii, 198; (g. {zivA7di} and {zaunakA7di})
N. of a man with the patr. Aupara MaitrS. iii, 8, 7 TS. vi, 2, 9, 4; of a prince slain by
Arjuna (brother of {-dhara}, identified with the Asura Krodha-hantrii) MBh. if., viii; of a
Rakshas R. vii, 5, 39; see {-oDaka}; ({A}) f. Hedysaruni lagopodioides, Npr
dANDa* = 1 mf({I})n. relating to a stick or to punishment W.; m. patr. fr. {daNDa}, (g.
{zivA7di}); ({A}) f. a partic. game with sticks Pn. 4-2, 57 Ks'.; n. the being a staff (g.

{pRthv-Adi}); multitude of staff-bearers, vi, 4, 164 Sch.

daNDaM = stick(walking)
dandas'uuka *= mfn. (iii, 2, 166) mordacious VS. TS. S3Br. MBh. ; malignant, v, 1245
Car.iii, 8 ; m. a snake Ya1jn5. iii, 197 MBh. xiv BhP.iv-vii ; N. of a hell infested by
serpents, v, 26 ; of a Ra1kshasa L.
daNDaasana = the staff posture
daNDii = Dandii
dala = leaf
dalam.h = (n) flower petal
Dam* = cl. 1. P. (p. {-mat}) to sound (as a drum) Prab. iii, 14.
dam* =1 cl.4. {dAmyati} (Pn. 7-3, 74; ind. p. {dAntvA} and {damitvA}, 2, 56; aor. Pass.
{adami}, 3, 34 Ks'.; P. {-mit} Bhathth. xv, 37) to be tamed or tranquillised S'Br. xiv, 8,
2, 2 (Impv. {dA4myata}); to tame, subdue, conquer MBh. vii, 2379 and BhP. iii, 3, 4
(ind. p. {damitvA}) Bhathth.: cl. 9. irreg. (? Subj. 2. sg. {da4nas}) id. RV. i, 174, 2: Caus.
{damayati} (p. {-ma4yat}; . Pn. 1-3, 89) to subdue, overpower RV. vii, 6; x, 74, 5 AV.v,
20, 1 MBh. Rjat.; Desid. see {dAn}; [cf. $, $; Lat. {domare} &c.]
dam* =2 a house RV. x, 46, 7 (gen. pl. {damAm}); {pa4tir da4n} (gen. sg.) = {da4mpatis}, 99, 6; 105, 2; i, 149, 1; 153, 4; {pa4ti da4n} = {da4m-patI}, 120, 6; {zi4zur da4n}
`" a child of the house "', x, 61, 20; [cf. $ &c.]

dama = self-control *= m. (or n.) house, home ($, Lat. {domus}) RV. AV. vii (also %
{puru-da4ma} q.v.) VS. viii, 24 ; mfn. ifc. `" taming, subduing "' see %{ariM-}, %{gaM-}
%{baliM-} ; m. self-command, self-restraint, selfcontrol S3Br. xiv, 8, 2, 4 (%{-ma4}, but
cf. Pa1n2. 7-3, 34 Ka1s3.) TUp. KenUp. Mn. &c. ; taming L. ; punishment, fine, viii f.
Ya1jn5. ii, 4 BhP. ; N. of a brother of Damayanti1 Nal. i, 9 ; of a Maha-rshi MBh. xiii,
1762 ; of a son of Daksha, i Sch. ; of a grandson [or son BhP. ix, 2, 29] of Marutta VP. iv,
1, 20 Ma1rkP. cxxxiv Va1yuP. ; cf. %{dur-}, %{su-}.
damaH = control of the senses
damayataaM = of all means of suppression
dambha = of pride* m. N. of a man Rjat. viii, 1135; ({A}) f. N. of a weapon Buddh. L. *
m. deceit, fraud, feigning, hypocrisy Mn. iv, 163 MBh. &c.; Deceit (son of A-dharma and
Mriish BhP.iv, 8, 2) Prab.ii; Indra's thunder bolt L.; S'iva; N. of a prince ({darbha}
AgP.; {rambha} VP.) PadmaP.
dambhaH = pride
dambhena = out of pride
daNDa* = ( = $ -v, hence cognate with {d4ru} and {dRR}) m. (n. [cf. {ikSu-}] g.
{ardharcA7di}) a stick, staff, rod, pole, cudgel, club RV. &c. (staff given at investiture
with the sacred thread S'Br. &c.; `" penis [with {vaitasa4}] "', xi, 5, 1, 1; `" trunk "' see
{zuNDA-}; `" arm "' or `" leg "' see {dor-}, {bAhu-}; `" tusk "' see {daMSTrA-}); = {DakA7sana} BriNrP. xxxi, 115 (n.); a stalk, stem (of a tree; cf. {ikSu-}, {ud-}, {khara-})
MBh. ii, 2390; the staff of a banner, 2079; iv, xiv; the handle (of a ladle, sauce-pan, fly-

flap, parasol &c.) AitBr. S'Br. &c.; the steam of a plough L.; `" a mast "' see
{mahAdaNDa-dhara}; the cross-bar of a lute which holds the strings S'nkhS'r. xvii; the
stick with which a lute is played L.; a churning-stick (cf. {-DA7hata}) L.; a pole as a
measure of length (= 4 Hastas) VarBriS.xxiv, 9 MrkP.il; N. of a measure of time (= 60
Vi-kals) BrahmaP. ii VarP. BhavP.; N. of a staff-like appearance in the sky (`" N. of a
planet "' (L.; cf. {-bhAsa}) VarBriS.; N. of a constellation, xx, 2 VarBri. Laghuj.; a form
of military array (cf. {-vyuha}) L.; a line (cf. {-pAta}); a staff or sceptre as a symbol of
power and sovereignty (cf. {nyasta-}), application of power, violence Mn. vii f. MBh.;
power over (gen. or in comp.), control, restraint (cf. {vAg-}, {mano-}, {kAya-} [{karma-}
MrkP. xli, 22]; {tri-daNDin}) Subh.; embodied power, army ({koza-}, du `" treasure
and army "' Mn. ix, 294 MBh. Kir. ii, 12) Mn. vii Ragh. xvii, 62; the rod as a symbol of
judicial authority and punishment, punishment (corporal, verbal, and fiscal;
chastisement and imprisonment, reprimand, fine) TndyaBr. xvii, 1 Mn. MBh. &c. (cf.
{gupta4} & {gUDha-}) [466,3]; pride L.; m. a horse L.; Punishment (son of Dharma and
Kriy VP. i, 7, 27 MrkP. l); Yama L.; S'iva MBh. xii, 10361; N. of an attendant of the
Sun, iii, 198; (g. {zivA7di} and {zaunakA7di}) N. of a man with the patr. Aupara MaitrS.
iii, 8, 7 TS. vi, 2, 9, 4; of a prince slain by Arjuna (brother of {-dhara}, identified with the
Asura Krodha-hantrii) MBh. if., viii; of a Rakshas R. vii, 5, 39; see {-oDaka}; ({A}) f.
Hedysaruni lagopodioides, Npr
danDadiipa = (m) tubelight
danDayati = (10 up) to punish
danta *= m. (fr. &) = %{da4t} RV. vi, 75, 11 AV. &c. (n. R. vi, 82, 28 ; ifc., %{al}
[Katha1s. xxi Caurap.] or %{I} [MBh. ix Mr2icch. x, 13 VarBr2S. Ghat2.] Pa1n2. 4-1, 55)
; the number 32 Gan2it. ; an elephant's tusk, ivory MBh. R. &c. [468,3] ; the point (of an

arrow? %{atharI4}) RV. iv, 6, 8 ; the peak or ridge of a mountain, Haravij. iv, 32
Dharmas3arm. vii, 32 ; an arbour S3is3. iv, 40 ; a pin used in playing a lute, Haravij. i, 9
; (%{i}) f. = %{-tikA} Sus3r. VarBr2S. ; (in music) N. of a composition ; cf. %{ibhadantA} ; %{kuDmala-} and %{krUra-a-dantI} &c.
dantaH = (m) tooth
dantapaalii = (f) gums
dantacAla* = m. looseness of the teeth Sus'r.iv, 39.
dantakAra* = m. an ivory worker R. ii.
dantajAha* = n. the root of a tooth g. {karNA7di}
dantapattra* = n. a kind of ear-ring
dara* = (Pn. 3-3, 58) mfn. ( {dRR}) ifc., cleaving, breaking see {puraM-dara4},
{bhagaM-}; m. (g. {ardharcA7di}, {uJchA7du}) = {-rI} R. ii, 96, 4; a conch-shell BhP. i,
vf., x Kramadp.; m. the navel Gal.; `" stream "' see {asRg-}; fear MBh. v, 4622; n.
poison (v.l. {dhara}) L.; ({I}) f. a hole in the ground, cave MBh. R. Hariv. Kum. &c.;
({am}) ind. a little Bhartri. iii, 24.
darbha * = m. (2. {dRbh}) a tuft or bunch of grass (esp. of Kus'a grass; used for
sacrificial purposes) RV. i, 191, 3 AV. &c.; N. of a grass (different from Kus'a and Ks'a
Sus'r. i, 38; Saccharum cylindricum W.) Lalit. xvii, 89 Sus'r.; (Pn. 4-1, 102; g. {kurvAdi} v.l.) N. of a man Pravar. ii, 3, 1 (s'vGri. Kty. &c.); `" of a prince "' see {dambha}.

dari // daari *: splitting, opening, tearing asunder

daridrataa = poverty; shortage
darpa = pride (masc) *= m. (2. %{dRp}) pride , arrogance , haughtiness , insolence ,
conceit Mn. viii MBh. &c. (pl. Sa1ntis3. iv , 22) ; Pride (son of A-dharma and S3ri1 MBh.
xii , 3388 Ma1rkP. l , 25 ; of Dharma VP. i , 7 , 26 BhP. iv , 1 , 51 ; musk Hcat. i , 7 , 1311 ;
cf. %{ati-} , %{sa-}
darpaM = pride
darpaH = arrogance
darpaNa *= m. (g. %{nandy-Adi}) `" causing vanity "' , a mirror Hariv. 8317 R. ii S3ak.
&c. ; ifc. `" Mirror "' (in names of works) e.g. %{AtaGka-} , %{dAna-} , %{sAhitya-} ; = %
{dAna-} Smr2itit. iv ; N. of a measure (in music) ; of a mountain (seat of Kubera) ,
Ka1IP. ; of Siva MBh. xiii , 1194 ; n. the eye L. ; repetition VarBr2S. iii , 11 Sch. ; kindling
W. ; Nom. P. %{-Nati} , to represent a mirror.
darpaNaH = (m) mirror
darbha = a sweet-smelling dried grass
dars'a * = mfn. ( %{dris}) ifc. `" looking at, viewing "' see %{avasAna-}, %{Adinava-},
and %{vadhU-darza4}, %{tattva-}; `" showing "' see %{Atma-}; m. `" appearance "' see
%{ca4dir-darza4}, %{dur-}, %{prity-}; (g. %{pacA7di}) the moon when just become
visible, day of new moon, halfmonthly sacrifice performed on that day AV.; (parox.) TS.
TBr. & S3Br. ix Kaus3. A1s3vGr2. &c. (n. MBh. iii, 14206); (Day of) New Moon (son of

Dha1tr2i BhP. vi, 18, 3; of Kr2ishn2a, x, 61, 14; N. of a Sa1dhya Va1yuP. ii, 5, 6); du. = %
{pUrNamAsa4} TS. Sch.
dars'ana = seeing * =darzana mf({I})n. showing. Pn. 5-2, 6; ifc. seeing, looking at (see
{tulya-}, {deva-}, {sama-}.) Ragh. xi, 93; `" knowing see {dharma-}; exhibiting, teaching
MBh. i, 583 BhP. v, 4, 11; n. seeing, observing, looking, noticing, observation, perception
RV. i, 116, 23 S'Br. xiv S'nkhGri. v, 5 MBh. &c. [471, 1]; ocular perception Sus'r. iv, 27;
the eye-sight, vi, 17; inspection, examination Yj. 1, 328 Hariv. 5460; visiting Yj. i, 84
Kaths. iii, 8; audience, meeting (with gen. Cn.; instr. with or without {saha} Vet.; in
comp. Ragh. xii, 60 S'ak. v, 5/6; vii, 25/26 Rjat. vi, 43; experiencing BhP. i, 8, 25;
foreseeing Ragh. viii, 71; contemplating Mn. viii, 9 and 23; apprehension, judgment S'ak.
iii, 6/7 discernment, understanding, intellect Mn. vi, 74 Yj. i, 8 Bhag. &c.; opinion
Mlav. v, 13/14 Km. ii, 6; intention (cf. {pApa-}) R. i, 58, 18; view, doctrine,
philosophical system (6 in number, viz. [Prva-] Mmns by Jaim. Uttara-Mmns by
Bdar.; Nyya by Gotama Vais'eshika by Kana7da Snkhya by Kap.; Yoga by Pat.) MBh.
xii, 11045 f. BhP. &c.; the eye Sus'r. v, 8 S'ak. iv, 6 Prab. iii, 10; the becoming visible or
known, presence s'vGri. iii, 7 Mn. ii, 101; iv Yj. i, 131; ii, 170 MBh. &c.; appearance
(before the judge) Mn. viii, 158 Yj. ii, 53 Km.; the being mentioned (in any
authoritative text) Kty. S'r. i, xxvi Lthy. vi, ix Bdar. i, s, 25 MBh. xiv, 2700; a vision,
dream Hariv. 1285 Hit. iii, 0/1; ifc. appearance, aspect, semblance Mn. ii, 47 MBh. (Nal.
ii, 3; xii, 18 and 44) R. Ragh. iii, 57; colour L.; showing (cf. {danta-}) Bhartri. ii, 26
Dhrtas. i, 35/11 a mirror L.; a sacrifice L.; = {dharma} L.; ({I}) f. Durg Hariv. 10238;
N. of an insect Npr.; cf. {a-}, {su-}.
darshanaM = sight, Darshan
darshanakaankshiNaH = aspiring to see

darshanaaya = for seeing

darshaniiya = handsome
darshanena = at the sight of
darshaya = show
darshayaamaasa = showed
darshitaM = shown
darshinaH = seers
darshibhiH = by the seers
darvii = (f) serving spoon, ladle
Dasa* = mfn. id. g. {tRNA7di}.
dasa* = m. a demon, vi, 21, 11.
das'a = (adj) ten* =1 ifc. for {-zA} ({ajpa-}, {udag-} &c.) \\=2 ifc. ({tri-}, {dvi-}, {nir-})
and in comp. for {-zan} ({as}) f. pl. `" Decads "'N. of 10 Jain texts ({upA7saka-}. &c.)
consisting of 10 chs. each.
das'aa * =f. ( {daMz}?) the fringe of a garment, loose ends of any piece of cloth, skirt or
hem KtyS'r. iv, 1, 17 ({UrNA}) Lthy. viii, 6, 22 Kaus'. S'nkhGri. ii, 12, 5 Mn. &c.; a

wick Gobh. iv, 2, 32 ({kSauma-}) Kum. iv, 30 Bhartri. iii, i; state or condition of life,
period of life (youth, manhood, &c.), condition, circumstances R. Pacat. Megh. &c.; the
fate of men as depending on the position of the planets, aspect or position of the planets
(at birth &c.) VarBriS. VarBri. Laghuj.; the mind L.; cf. {vastra-}; i. {daza}.
dashati = (1 pp) to bite
dashanavihiinaM = dashana+vihInaM, teeth+bereft
dashanaantareshhu = between the teeth
dashamukhaantakaH = the finisher (destroyer) of the ten-faced one (rAvaNa)
dasharatha = dasharatha's
dasharathatanayaM = the son of dasharatha
dasharathasyaitau = dasharathasya+etaau, dasharatha's+this pair
dashaa = Planetary period or system of directions. Also means the actual Major
planetary period itself. There are many of these the most used being vi.nshottarii or 120
year cycle system. Others are ashhTottari (108), Chatursheetisama (84), Dwadashottari
(112), Dwisaptatisama (72), Panchottari (105), ShashhTisama (60), Shatatri.nshatsama
(36), Shodashottari (116), Yogini (30). These are lunar based. Then there are Rashi
(sign) based systems: chara, sthira, kaala chakra and kendraadi dashas etc
dashaa.nsha = One of the varga-s or harmonic divisions of a sign. This is the 10th
division

dashaanana = Another name for Ravana

dashaavataara = the ten avataara-s of Vishnu
dashaikaM = eleven
dashhTa = bite
dasyu* = m. ( {das}) enemy of the gods (e.g. {za4mbara}, {zu4SNa}, {cu4muri},
{dhu4ni}; all conquered by Indra, Agni, &c.), impious man (called {a-zraddha4}, {ayajJa4}, {a4-yajyu}, {a4-pRnat}, {a-vrata4}, {anya-vrata}, {a-karma4n}), barbarian
(called {a-nA4s}, or {an-A4s} `" ugly-faced "', {a4dhara}, inferior "', {a4-mAnuSa},
inhuman "'), robber (called {dhani4n}) RV. AV. &c.; any outcast or Hind who has
become so by neglect of the essential rites Mn.; not accepted as a witness, viii, 66; cf.
{traso4-} ({da4syave vR4ka} m. `" wolf to the Dasyu "'N. of a man RV. viii, 51; 55 f;
{da4syave sa4has} n. violence to the DDasyu (N. of Turvti), i, 36, 18).
dasyuhan* = m. (nom. {-hA4} instr. {-ghnA4})fn. destroying the Dasyus (Indra i, vi, viii
[473,2]; Indra's gift, x, 47, 4; {manyu4}, 83, 3; {ma4nas}, iv, 16, 10); {-ha4n-tama} mfn.
(superl.) most destructive to the Dasyus, vi, 16, 15 and viii, 39, 8 (Agni); x, 170, 2 (Light)
Hariv. (Buddha); cf. Pn. 8-2, 17 Ks'.
da *=1 the 3rd cerebral consonant (pronounced like {d} in {drum} by slightly turning the
tip of the tongue upwards [430,2]; and often in Bengal like a hard {r}).\\ *=2 m. a sound
L.; a kind of drum W.; fear L.; submarine fire L.; Siva L.; ({A}) f. a Dkin L.; a basket
&c. carried by a sling L. \\*=1 the 3rd and soft letter of the 4th or dental class. \\*=2
mf({A})n. (1. {dA}) ifc. (Pn. 3-2, 3) giving, granting, offering, effecting, producing (e.g.

{abhI7STa-}, `" giving any desired object "' Pacat. ii, 50; {gaja-vAji-vRddhi-}, `"
promoting the welfare of elephants and horses "' VarBriS. xviii, 5) Mn. MBh. &c. (cf.
{agni-}; {a-doma-da4}; {anna-}, {artha-}, {garbha-}, {janma-} &c.); m. n. a gift L.; ({A})
f. id. L. \\ *=3 mfn. ( {do}) ifc. see {anala-}, 2. {jIva-}; m. n. the act of cutting off L.;
({A}) f. id. L. \\ *=4 mfn. (4. {da-}) ifc. see {Rzya-da4}. \\*=5 = {da4t} cf. {a-panna-},
{panna-}; {So-Da}. \\ *=6 m. a mountain L.; n. a wife (derived fr. {da4m-patI}) L.; ({A})
f. heat, pain L
dat * = m. (taking the form {da4nta} in the strong cases Pn. 6-1, 63) a tooth RV. (nom.
{da4n}, x, 115, 2) AV. VS. S'Br. s'vGri. BhP.; often ifc. (Pn. 5-4, 141-145) see {a-} &c.;
{a-dat-ka}; {dac-chada} [cf. $, Lat. {dens} &c.]
dattaM = given
dattvaa V= granted, promised, * resumption to give
dattaan.h = things given
daurbalyaM = weakness
daurmanasya = despair
daur * = Vriiddhi of {dur} for {dus}.
dauraatmya* = n. badheartedness, wickedness, depravity MBh. Kv. &c.; {-myaka} mfn.
wicked, evil (deed) R.
daur-ita4 * =n. mischief. harm S'Br.

daur-gatya * =n. distress, misery, poverty MBh. &c.

daur-gaha4 * = m. `" descendant of Dur-gaha "' patr. of Puru-kutsa (Naigh. `" horse "').
RV. iv, 42, 8.
daur-jana * = mf({I})n. consisting of bad people (company) Nalac.; {-nya} n.
wickedness, depravity [499, 2]; evil, wrong Hit. BhP.; ill-will, envy, S'rng P.
daurbhikSa * =n. famine TndyaBr. Sch.
daurmadya * =n. brawl, fight L.
daur-mitri * =m. metron. fr. {dur-mitrA} (g. {bAhv-Adi}).
daur-mukhi * = m. patr. fr. {dur-mukha} MBh. vii, 7008 &c.
daur-vAsa * = or mf({I})n. relating to Dur-vsas Madhus.
daur-vratya * = ({dau4r-}) n. disobedience, ill conduct VS.
daur-hArda * = n. badness of mind, wickedness, enmity, g. {yuvA7di}.
daur-hRda * = n. id. MBh. v, 751; m. villain Nlak.; morbid longing of pregnant women
L.
daurudhara * = mfn. (fr. {durudharA}) Var.
daurezruta * = m. (fr. {dUre-zruta}) patr. of the serpent-priest Timirgha ib.

daurgya * = n. difficulty, inaccessibility W.

dauhitra = (m) grandson (daughter's son)
dauhitri = (m) granddaughter (daughter's daughter)
dautya * n. (fr. {dUta}) the state or function of a messenger, message, mission
dava * = (see also daava). (2. {du}) a wood on fire BhP. viii, 6, 13; fire L. Sch.; burning,
heat Car. i, 20; fever W.; a forest L.; cf. {dAva}.
dayaa = mercy* = f. sympathy, compassion, pity for (loc. MBh. Pacat. Bhartri. &c.
[470,1]; gen. R. Hariv. 8486; in comp. MBh. xiv Hit. i, 6, 41 ) S'Br. xiv &c. ({-yAM} {kR},
`" to fake pity on "' [loc. MBh. Hit. i, 2, 7; gen. Vop.]); Pity (daughter of Daksha and
mother of A-bhaya BhP. iv, 1, 49 f.) Hariv. 14035; cf. {a-daya4}; {nir-}, and {sadaya}.
dayaaluH = the kind-hearted
dayita = dear *= mfn. cherished, beloved, dear MBh. R.; protected Bhat2t2. x, 9; m. a
husband, lover S3ak. iii, 19/20 (v.l.); (%{A}) f. a wife, beloved woman Ragh. ii, 30 Megh.
4 Sis3. ix 70 Katha1s. Dhu1rtas. ii, 13.
Dayate = to fly
deha = body: * = m. n. ( {dih}, to plaster, mould, fashion) the body Tr. KtyS'r. Mn.
&c.; (in a triad with {manas} and {vAc}) Mn. i, 104 &c.; ({-haMdhAraya}, to support the
body i.e. exist Nal.); form, shape, mass, bulk (as of a cloud; ifc. f. {A}) Var.; per. son,
individual Subh.; appearance, manifestation ifc. having the appearance of ({saMdeha-}

Blar. iii, 43/44); N. of a country L.; ({I4}) f. mound, bank, rampart, surrounding wall
RV.
dehaM = body, existence
dehatrayaH = the three forms of bodies (corporal or physical, astral and causal
dehabhrit.h = the embodied
dehabhritaa = by the embodied
dehabhritaaM = of the embodied
dehali = doorstep
dehavadbhiH = by the embodied
dehaaH = material bodies
dehaantara = of transference of the body
dehaapaaye = when life departs the body
dehin.h = man
dehinaM = of the embodied
dehinaaM = of the embodied

dehii = the self

dehiinaM = the living entity
dehiinaH = of the embodied
dehe = in the body
dehe.asmin.h = in this body
deheshhu = bodies
deva = God* = mf({i})n. (fr. 3. {div}) heavenly, divine (also said of terrestrial things of
high excellence) RV. AV. VS. S'Br. (superl. m. {deva4-tama} RV. iv, 22, 3 &c.; f. {devitamA}, ii, 41, 16); m. (according to Pn. 3-3, 120 {de4va}) a deity, god RV. &c.&c.;
(rarely applied to) evil demons AV. iii, 15, 5 TS. iii, 5, 4, 1; (pl. the gods as the heavenly or
shining ones; {vi4zve devA4s}, all the gods RV. ii, 3, 4 &c., or a partic. class of deities [see
under {vi4zva}], often reckoned as 33, either 11 for each of the 3 worlds RV. i, 139, 11 &c.
[cf. {tri-daza}], or 8 Vasus, 11 Rudras, and 12 dityas [to which the 2 As'vins must be
added] Br.; cf. also DivyA7v. 68; with Jainas 4 classes, viz. {bhavanA7dhI7za},
{vyantara}, {jyotiSka}, and {vaimAnika}; {devA4nAm pa4tnyas}, the wives of the gods
RV. VS. Br. [cf. {deva-patnI} below]) [492,3]; N. of the number 33 (see above) Ganit.; N.
of Indra as the god of the sky and giver of rain MBh. R. &c.; a cloud L.; (with Jainas) the
22nd Arhat of the future Ut-sarpin; the image of a god, an idol Vishn.; a god on earth or
among men, either Brhman, priest RV. AV. (cf. {bhU-d-}), or king, prince (as a title of
honour, esp. in the voc. `" your majesty "' or `" your honour "'; also ifc. e.g. {zrI-harSa-d}, {vikramA7Gka-d-}, king S'r-hharsha or VikrVikrama7nka, and in names as

{puruSo7ttama-d-} [lit. having Vishnu as one's deity; cf. {atithi-d-}, {AcArya-d-}, {pitRd-}, {mAtR-d-}]; rarely preceding the name e.g. {deva-caNDamahAsena} Kaths. xiii,
48) Kv. Pac. &c. (cf. {kSiti-}, {nara-}, &c.); a husband's brother (cf. {devR} and
{devara}) W.; a fool, dolt L.; a child L.; a man following any partic. line or business L.; a
spearman, lancer L.; emulation, wish to excel or overcome L.; sport, play L.; a sword
Gal.; N. of men VP.; of a disciple of Nga7rjuna MWB. 192; dimin. for {devadatta} Pn.
5-3, 83 Vrtt.4 Sch.; (n. L.) an organ of sense MundUp. iii, 1, 8; 2, 7; ({A}) f. Hibiscus
Mutabilis or Marsilia Quadrifolia; ({I4}), f. see s.v. [Cf. Lat. {dvus}, {deus}; Lit.
{de14vas}; Old Pruss. {deiwas}.]
devaaH = demigods
devaalayaH = (m) temple
devaan.h = demigods
devaanaaM = of the demigods
devaaya = Divine* = Nom. P., only p. {-ya4t} = {-vaya4t}, Maitr. and KapS. Kthh.
devabhogaan.h = the pleasures of the gods
devadevasya = of the Supreme Personality of Godhead
devadatta = one of the vital airs, which causes yawning
devadattaM = the conchshell named Devadatta

devadaasii = God's (female) servant (word degenerated to a temple prostitute)

devadeva = O Lord of all demigods
devadevasyadevaH = (masc.nom.sing.) god; demi-god
devahitaM = that which is healthy or `pro' or good for the Devas
devaM = God
devataa = goddess *= f. godhead, divinity (abstr. & concr.) RV. AV. Br. &c. ; image of a
deity, idol Mn. iv, 130 MBh. Pur. (ifc. %{-ka} Kull. viii, 105) ; N. of the organs of sense
(cf. %{deva}) S3Br. ii, 5, 2, 2 &c. ; (%{A}) ind. with divinity i.e. with a god (gods) or
among the gods RV. AV.
devatha *= m. ( %{dev}? Un2. iv, 81 Sch.) artist, artisan.
devataaH = the demigods
devarshiH = the sage among the demigods
devarshiiNaaM = of all the sages amongst the demigods
devarishi* = m. `" a Riishi among the gods "'N. of Nrada, 16, 1 (cf. {-varSi}).
devarshi* = m. ({deva} + {RSi}) a Riishi, a saint of the celestial class, as Nrada, Atri &c.
MBh. (xiv, 781 {sapta saptarSayaH} for {ssapta devarS-}) R. Pur. &c. (cf. {brahmarSi}
and {rAjarSi}); N. of S'iva MBh. xiii, 1259; {-carita} n. the deeds of ddivine sages MBh.

xii, 7663; {-tva} n. state or rank of a ddivine ssages BhP. i, 3, 8; {pitR-vallabha} m.

sesamum Gal.; {-varya} m. chief of sages MW.
devalaH = Devala
devala* = 1 m. an attendant upon an idol (who subsists on the offerings made to it;
oftener {-laka} Mn. iii, 152; 180 MBh.); a virtuous or pious man Un. i, 108 Sch.; N. of a
descendant of Kas'yapa and one of the authors of RV. ix; of Asita or a son of AAsita
MBh. Pur.; of a man mentioned with AAsita, Prav.; of an astronomer Var.; of a
legislator (also, {-bhaTTa}) Madhus. Kull.; of a son of Pratysha MBh. Hariv.; of an
elder brother of Dhaumya MBh.; of the husband of Eka-parn Hariv.; of the father of
Sannati (the wife of Brahma-datta) ib.; of the grandfather of Pn. Col.; of a son of Vis'vmitra (pl. his descendants) Hariv.; of a son of Kriis's'va by Dhishan BhP.
devanAgarii* = f. `" divine city writing "'N. of the character in which Sanskriit is usually
written (prob. from its having originated in some city) Col. MWB. 66, 1.
devavara = O great one amongst the demigods
devavrataaH = worshipers of demigods
devayajaH = the worshipers of the demigods
devayaa* = mfn. going to the gods, longing for them RV.
devaya* = Nom. P., only p., {-ya4t}, loving or serving the gods, religious RV. (cf. {a4-});
divine or shining (?) BhP. iii, 20, 22.

devi = Goddess
devii = Goddess * = f. (cf. {deva4}) a female deity, goddess RV. AitBr. MBh. &c. (e.g.
Ushas RV. vii, 75, 5; Sarasvat, v, 41, 17; Svitr, the wife of Brahm MBh.; Durg, the
wife of S'iva MBh. Hariv. Kv. &c.; the 4 goddesses of Buddhists are Rocan, Mmaki,
Pndur and Tr Dharmas. iv); N. of nymph beloved by the Sun L.; of an Apsaras MBh.
i, 4818; (with Jainas) the mother of 18th Arhat of present Ava-sarpin L.; queen, princess
lady (the consecrated wife or daughter of a king, but also any woman of high rank) MBh.
Kv. &c.; a kind of bird (= {zyAmA}) L.; a partic. supernatural power (= {kuNDalinI})
Cat.; worship, reverence W.; N. of plants (colocynth, a species of cyperus, Medicago
Esculenta &c.) L
devesha = O Lord of all lords
deveshhu = amongst the demigodsdava *= a wood on fire B; fire; burning, heat = (water)
deyaM = is to be given
deyam.h = to be given
desha = country
deshe = land
dhaa * = 1 cl. 3. P. . {da4dhAti}, {dhatte4} RV. &c. &c. (P. du. {dadhva4s}, {dhattha4s},
{dhatta4s} [Pn. 8-2, 38]; pl. {dadhma4si} or {-ma4s}, {dhattha4}, {dAdhati}; impf.
{a4dadhAt} pl. {-dhur}, 2. pl. {a4dhatta} or {a4dadhAta} RV. vii, 33, 4; Subj. {da4dhat}
or {-dhAt} [Pn. 7-3, 70 Ks'.], {-dhas}, {-dhatas}, {-dhan}; Pot. {dadhyA4t}; Impv.

{dAdhAtu} pl. {-dhatu}; 2. sg. {dhehi4} [fr. {dhaddhi}; cf. Pn. 6-4, 119] or {dhattAt}
RV. iii, 8, 1; 2. pl. {dhatta4}, i, 64, 15, {dhattana}, i, 20, 7, {da4dhAta}, vii, 32, 13, or {tana}, x, 36, 13 [cf. Pn. 7-1, 45 Sch.]; p. {da4dhat}, {-ti} m. pl. {-tas}; . 1. sg. {dadhe4}
[at once 3. sg. = {dhatte4} RV. i, 149, 5 &c. and= pf..], 2. sg. {dha4tse}, viii, 85, 5 or
{dhatse4} AV. v, 7, 2; 2. 3. du. {dadhA4the}, {-dhA4te}; 2. pl. {-dhidhve4} [cf. pf.]; 3. pl.
{da4dhate} RV. v, 41, 2; impf. {a4dhatta}, {-tthAs}; Subj. {da4dhase}, viii, 32, 6 [Pn. 34, 96 Ks'.]; Pot. {da4dhIta} RV. i, 40, 2 or {dadhIta4}, v, 66, 1; Impv. 2. sg. {dhatsva},
x, 87, 2 or {dadhiSva}, iii, 40, 5 &c.; 2. pl. {dhaddhvam} [Pn. 8-2, 38 Ks'.] or
{dadhidhvam} RV. vii, 34, 10, &c.; 3. pl. {dadhatAm} AV. viii, 8, 3; p. {da4dhAna});
rarely cl. 1. P. . {dadhati}, {-te} RV. MBh.; only thrice cl. 2. P. {dhA4ti} RV.; and once
cl. 4. . Pot. {dhAyeta} MaitrUp. (pf.P. {dadhau4}, {-dhA4tha}, {-dhatur}, {-dhimA84},
{-dhur} RV. &c.; . {dadhe4} [cf. pr.], {dadhiSe4} or {dhiSe} RV. i, 56, 6; 2. 3. du.
{dadhA4the}, {-dhA4te}, 2. pl. {dadhidhve4} [cf. pr.]; 3. pl. {dadhire4}, {dadhre}, x, 82,
5; 6, or {dhire}, i, 166, 10 &c.; p. {da4dhAna} [cf. pr.]; aor. P. {a4dhAt}, {dhA4t},
{dhA4s}; {adhu4r}, {dhu4r} RV. &c.; Pot. {dheyAm}, {-yur}; {dhetana} RV. TBr.; 2. sg.
{dhAyIs} RV. i, 147, 5; Impv. {dhA4tu} [cf. Pn. 6-i, 8 Vrtt. 3 Pat.]; 2. pl. {dhA4ta} or {tana}, 3. pl. {dhAntu} RV.; . {adhita}, {-thAs}, {adhItAm}, {adhImahi}, {dhImahi},
{dhimahe}, {dhAmahe} RV.; 3. sg. {ahita}, {hita} AV. Tr.; Subj. {dhe4the} RV. i, 158,
2, {dhaithe}, vi, 67, 7; Impv. {dhiSvA84}, ii, 11, 18, &c.; P. {adhat} SV.; {dhat} RV.; P.
{dhAsur} Subj. {-sathas} and {-satha} RV.; . {adhiSi}, {-Sata} Br.; Pot. {dhiSIya} ib. [P.
vii, 4, 45]; {dheSIya} MaitrS.; fut. {dhAsyati}, {-te} or {dhAtA} Br. &c.; inf. {dhA4tum}
Br. &c.; Ved. also {-tave}, {-tavai4}, {-tos}; {dhiya4dhyai} RV.; Class. also {-dhitum};
ind. P. {dhitvA4} Br.; {hitvA} [Pn. 7-4, 42], {-dhA4ya} and {-dhA4m} AV.: Pass.
{dhIya4te} RV. &c. [Pn. 6-4, 66], p. {dhIya4mAna} RV. i, 155, 2 [513, 3]; aor.
{a4dhAyi}, {dhA4yi} RV. [Pn. 7-3, 33 Ks'.]; Prec. {dhAsISTa} or {dhAyiSISTa} [vi, 4,
62]) to put, place, set, lay in or on (loc.) RV. &c. &c. (with {daNDam}, to inflict
punishment on [with loc. MBh. v, 1075, with gen. R. v, 28, 7]; with {tat-padavyAm

padam}, to put one's foot in another's footstep i.e. imitate, equal Kvya7d. ii. 64); to take
or bring or help to (loc. or dat.; with {Are4}, to remove) RV. AV. S'Br.; (.) to direct or
fix the mind or attention ({cintAm}, {manas}, {matim}, {samAdhim} &c.) upon, think of
(loc. or dat.), fix or resolve upon (loc. dat. acc. with {prati} or a sentence closed with
{iti}) RV. Mn. MBh. Kv. BhP.; to destine for, bestow on, present or impart to (loc. dat.
or gen.) RV. Br. MBh. &c. (Pass. to be given or granted, fall to one's [dat.] lot or share
RV. i, 81, 3); to appoint, establish, constitute RV. S'Br.; to render (with double acc.) RV.
vii, 31, 12 Bhartri. iii. 82; to make, produce, generate, create, cause, effect, perform,
execute RV. TBr. S'vetUp. &c. (aor. with {pUrayAm}, {mantrayAm}, {varayAm} &c. =
{pUrayAm} &c. {cakAra}); to seize, take hold of, hold, bear, support, wear, put on
(clothes) RV. AV. Kv. BhP. &c.; (.) to accept, obtain, conceive (esp. in the womb), get,
take (with {o4kas} or {ca4nas}, to take pleasure or delight in [loc. or dat.]) RV. AV. Br.;
to assume, have, possess, show, exhibit, incur, undergo RV. Hariv. Kv. Hit.etc.: Caus. {dhApayati} Pn. 7-3, 36 (see {antar-dhA}, {zrad-dhA} &c.): Desid. {dhi4tsati}, {-te}
(Pn. 7-4, 54), to wish to put in or lay on (loc.) RV. AitBr. (Class. Pass. {dhitsyate};
{dhitsya} see s.v.); {di4dhiSati}, {-te}, to wish to give or present RV.; (.) to wish to gain,
strive after (p. {di4dhiSANa}, x, 114, 1) ib.: with {avadya4m}, to bid defiance ib. iv, 18, 7
(cf. {didhiSA4yya}, {didhiSu4}): Intens. {dedhIyate} Pn. 6-4, 66. [Cf. Zd. {d},
{dadaiti}; Gk. $; &158945[513, 3] Lith. {dedu4}, {de4ti}; Slav. {dedja}, {diti}; Old Sax.
{duan}, {do7n}, Angl. Sax. {do7n}, Engl. {do}; Germ. {tuan}; {tuon}, {thun}.]
dhaanya = grain
dhaa4na * = mfn. containing, holding (cf. {uda-}); n. receptacle, case, seat (cf. {agni-},
{kSura-}, {rajju-} &c.; {-nam akto4s} prob. = womb or bosom of the night RV. iii, 7, 6);
({I}) f. = n. (cf. {aGgAra-}, {gopAla-}, {rAja-} &c.); the site of a habitation L.; coriander
L.; N. of a river L.; ({A4}) f. see s.v.

dhaanaaq4 * = f. corn, grain (originally the grains of seed from their being `" laid "' into
and `" conceived "' by the earth cf. 1. {dhA}, but usually = fried barley or rice or any
grain fried and reduced to powder) RV. &c. &c.; coriander L.; bud, shoot L.
dhaama = one who has the abode. *= 1 m. pl. N. of a class of superhuman beings MBh. ;
ii. abode &c. = %{dhAman} L.\\ 2 in comp. for %{-man}, below.
dhaaman.h = (n) lustre
dhaaraNa* = mf({I})n. holding, bearing, keeping (in remembrance), retention,
preserving, protecting, maintaining, possessing, having (ifc. or with gen.) Tr. MBh.
Sus'r.: BhP.; assuming the shape of (gen.), resembling MBh.xiii, 739; m. N. of S'iva
MBh.; of a son of Kas'yapa ib.; of a prince of the Candravatsas ib.; du. the two female
breasts L.; ({dhA4raNa}) n. the act of holding, bearing &c. S'Br. Mn. Yj. MBh. &c.;
wearing (see {liGga-}); suffering, enduring R.; keeping in remembrance, memory Tr.
Mn. MBh. Hariv.: immovable concentration of the mind upon (loc.) Veda7ntas.;
restraining (cf. {zvAsa-}); keeping back i.e. pronouncing imperfectly Prt.; ({A} and {I})
f. see {dhAraNA} and {-NI}.
dhaaraNaa* = f. (cf. {-Na}, col. 1) the act of holding, bearing, wearing, supporting,
maintaining MBh. R.; retaining, keeping back (also in remembrance), a good memory
KathhUp. GriS. MBh. BhP.; collection or concentration of the mind (joined with the
retention of breath) Mn. MBh. Sus'r. Kv. Pur. &c.; cf. MWB. 239 ({-NAM-dhR}, to
exercise concentration Yj.; {-NAM gataH}, having composed one's self R.);
understanding, intellect Yj. iii, 73; firmness, steadfastness, righteousness L.; fixed
preceptor settled rule, certainty Mn. MBh.; pl. the 8th to the 11th day in the light half of
month Jyaishthha Var.

dhaataa = supporter
dhaataaraM = the maintainer
dhaataaram.h = the creator
dhaatu = verb
dhaatu * = 1 m. layer, stratum KtyS'r. Kaus'.; constituent part, ingredient (esp. [and in
RV. only] ifc., where often= `" fold "' e.g. {tri-dhA4tu}, threefold &c.; cf. {triviSTi-},
{sapta-}, {su-}) RV. TS. S'Br. &c.; element, primitive matter (= {mahA-bhUta} L.) MBh.
Hariv. &c. (usually reckoned as 5, viz. {kha} or {AkAza}, {anila}, {tejas}, {jala}, {bhU}; to
which is added {brahma} Yj. iii, 145; or {vijJAna} Buddh.); a constituent element or
essential ingredient of the body (distinct from the 5 mentioned above and conceived
either as 3 humours [called also {doSa}] phlegm, wind and bile BhP. [cf. {purISa},
{mAMsa}, {manas}, ChndUp. vi, 5, 1]; or as the 5 organs of sense, {indriyANi}.[cf. s.v.
and MBh. xii, 6842, where {zrotra}, {ghrANa}, {Asya}, {hRdaya} and {koSTha} are
mentioned as the 5 dhdhtu of the human body born from the either] and the 5
properties of the elements perceived by them, {gandha}, {rasa}, {rUpa}, {sparza} and
{zabda} L.; or the 7 fluids or secretions, chyle, blood, flesh, fat, bone, marrow, semen
Sus'r. [L. {rasA7di} or {rasa-raktA7di}, of which sometimes 10 are given, the above 7 and
hair, skin, sinews BhP.]); primary element of the earth i.e. metal, mineral, are (esp. a
mineral of a red colour) Mn. MBh. &c. element of words i.e. grammatical or verbal root
or stem Nir. Prt. MBh. &c. (with the southern Buddhists {dhAtu} means either the 6
elements [see above] Dharmas. xxv; or the 18 elementary spheres [{dhAtu-loka}] ib.
lviii; or the ashes of the body, relics L. [cf. {-garbha}]). \\2 mfn. ( {dhe}) to be sucked in
or drunk ({havis}) RV. v, 44, 3 f. = {dhenu}, milch cow Lthy. vii, 5, 9. \\3 n. (with

{rauhiNa}) N. of a Sman rshBr.

dhaatrii = (f) nurse
dhaatrI* = f. `" female supporter "', a nurse MBh. Kv. &c.; midwife Hit. iv, 61; mother
Yj. iii, 82; the earth Var. MBh. Hariv. &c.; Emblica Officinalis Var. Sus'r. (some derive
it fr. {dhe} cf. {dhAyas} and Pn. 3-2, 181). [514,2]
dhaatra* = 1 n. receptacle, vessel L. \\2 mf({I})n. belonging to Dhtrii S'Br.
dhaaraNaa = concentration
dhaarayate = one sustains
dhaarayan.h = considering
dhaarayaami = sustain
dhaaraa = (fem) rain
dhaariNi = wearer
dhaartaraashhTrasya = for the son of Dhritarashtra
dhaartaraashhTraaH = the sons of Dhritarashtra
dhaartaraashhTraaNaaM = of the sons of Dhritarashtra

dhaartaraashhTraan.h = the sons of Dhritarashtra

dhaarma* = 1 mf(%{I})n. (fr. %{dharma}) relating to justice or virtue S3Br.; belonging
to Dharma (god of justice) MBh.\\Vr2iddhi form of %{dharma} in comp.
dhaarmiNa* = n. an assemblage of virtuous men g. {bhikSA7di} (iv, 2, 38).
dhaarmika* = mf({I})n. righteous, virtuous, pious, just Up. Mn. MBh. &c.; resting on
right, conformable to justice (mind, words &c.) R.; m. judge L.; a bigot Kd.; juggler
Ratn.; a Bodhi-sattva L.
dhaarmikam.h = the religious one
dhaaryate = is utilized or exploited
dhaatR *= m. establisher , founder , creator , bearer , supporter (cf. %{vasu-}) , orderer
, arranger RV. &c. &c. ; N. of a divine being who personifies these functions (in Vedic
times presiding over generation , matrimony , health , wealth , time and season , and
associated or identified with Savitr2i , Praja1-pati , Tvasht2r2i , Br2ihaspati , Mitra ,
Aryaman , Vishn2u &c. RV. x AV. TS. S3Br. &c. ; later chiefly the creator and maintainer
of the world = Brahma1 or Praja1-pati MBh. Ka1v. Pur. ; in ep. one of the 12 A1dityas and
brother of Vi-dha1tr2i and Lakshmi1 , son of Brahma1 MBh. ; or of Bhr2igu and Khya1ti
Pur. ; Fate personified Ka1v.) ; one of the 49 winds VahniP. ; paramour , adulterer Dal. ;
the 1-th or 44th year in the cycle of Jupiter Cat. ; N. of a R2ishi in the 4th Manv-antara
Hariv. (C. %{dhAman}) ; of an author Cat. ; (%{trI}) f. see %{dhAtrI}. [Cf. Zd. {da1tar} ;
Gk. $: Slav. {de8teli}.] &159084[514 ,1]
dhaava* = mfn. washing, cleansing (ifc.; cf. {asi-}, {caila-}); m. see {danta-}.

dhaav.h = to run
dhairya = courage
dham *= or %{dhmA} cl. 1. P. %{dha4mati} (A1. %{-te} Up. MBh. ; p. %{dhmAntas} =
%{dhamantas} BhP. x, 12, 7 ; perf. %{dadhmau}, 3. pl. A1. %{-mire} MBh. ; aor. %
{adhmAsIt} Ka1v. ; Prec. %{dhmAyAt} or %{dhmeyAt} Gr. ; fut. %{dhamASyati} MBh. ;
%{dhmAsyati}, %{dhmAtA} Gr. ; ind. p. %{-dhmA4ya} Br.) to blow (either intrans. as
wind [applied also to the bubbling Soma RV. ix, 73] or trans., as to blow a conchshell or
any wind instrument) RV. &c. &c. ; to blow into (loc.) MBh. l, 813 ; to breathe out, exhale
RV. ii, 34, 1 MBh. xiv, 1732 ; to kindle a fire by blowing RV. ii, 24, 7 MBh. ii, 2483 ; to
melt or manufacture (metal) by blowing RV. &c. &c. ; to blow or cast away MBh. v,
7209: Pass. %{dhamyate}, ep. also %{-ti}, %{dhmAya4te}, %{-ti} (S3Br. MBh.) to be
blown &c.: Caus. %{dhmApayati} MBh. (aor. %{adidhmapat} Gr. ; Pass. %{dhmApyate}
MBh.) to cause to blow or melt ; to consume by fire, reduce to cinder MBh. Sus3r.:
Desid. %{didhnAsati} Gr.: Intens. %{dedhmIyate} Pa1n2. 7-4, 31 ; %{dAdhmAyate}, p. %
{-yamAna} being violently blown (conch-shell) BhP. i, 11, 2. [Cf. Slav. {dumo} `" smoke
"']
dhamana *V = dispeller, subduer * dhamana blowing with a bellows L.; blowing i. e.
scaring away (cf. {mAyA-}); cruel L.; m. reed Bhpr. [510, 1]; Azadirachta Indica L.; m.
or n. a partic. high number Buddh.; n. melting (of ore).
dhamani = a layer within a nadi allowing for the passage of energy
dhana = money * = n. the prize of a contest or the contest itself (lit. a running match,

race, or the thing raced for; {hita4M} {dhA7nam}, a proposed prize or contest;
{dhanaM-ji}, to win the pprize or the fight) RV.; booty, prey ({dhanam-bhR} ., to
carry off the prize or booty) RV. AV.; any valued object, (esp.) wealth, riches, (movable)
property, money, treasure, gift RV. &c. &c.; capital (opp. to {vRddhi} interest) Yj. ii,
58; = {go-dhana} Hariv. 3886; (arithm.) the affirmative quantity or plus (opp. to {RNa},
{kSaya}, {vyaya}, {hAni}); N. of the 2nd mansion Var.; m. N. of a merchant HParis'.
Sinha7s.
dhanaM = wealth
dhanakaaraka = Significator for Wealth which is Jupiter
dhanaJNjaya = O conqueror of wealth
dhanaJNjayaH = Dhananjaya (Arjuna, the winner of wealth)
dhanapati = kubera (Lord of the wealth)
dhanabhaava = Second house ruling over Wealth
dhanamaana = of wealth and false prestige
dhanayoga = The 2nd, 5th, 9th and 11th are Wealth producing houses. Any inter-relation
of their lords, by way of position aspect or conjunction, will produce money. The more
strongly they are inter-related, the more wealth is promised in the birth chart, which the
native will get eventually in the related major or sub-periods
dhanaani = wealth

dhanishhThaa = Twenty-third nakshatra

dhanu = The Zodiacal sign Sagittarius
dhanuH = (m) a bow
dhanuraasana = the bow posture
dhanurdharaH = the carrier of the bow and arrow
dhanushha = The Zodiacal sign Sagittarius
dhanushhaM = bow
dhanushhaa = thro'bow
dhanvan * n. a bow RV. &c. (esp. ifc.; cf. {asthi-}, {ugra-}, {kSipra-} &c., and Pn. 5-4,
132 &c. Vm. v, 2, 67); rain-bow MnGri. i, 4; the sign of the zodiac Sagittarius Jyot.;
(also m.) dry soil, shore ({samudasya}; cf. {dhanu}); a desert, a waste RV. &c. &c.; m.
Alhagi Maurorum L.; N. of a country. BhP. (Cf. {dhanu}, {-nus}.)
dhanyaH = are praiseworthy
dhara* = mf({A})n. ( {dhR}) bearing, supporting (scil. the world, said of Kriishna and
S'iva) MBh.; ifc. holding, bearing, carrying, wearing, possessing, having, keeping (also in
memory), sustaining, preserving, observing (cf. {aMzu-}, {akSa-}, {kulaM-} &c.) MBh.
R. &c.; m. a mountain Kir. xv, 12 (cf. {kSiti-}, {bhU-} &c.); a flock of cotton L.; a
frivolous or dissolute man (= {viTa}) L.; a sword Gal.; N. of a Vasu MBh.; of a follower of

the Pndavas ib. of the king of the tortoises L.; of the father of Padma-prabha (6th Arhat
of pres. Ava-sarpin) L.; ({A}) f. `" bearer, supporter "', the earth Mn. MBh. Kv. &c.; the
uterus or womb Bhpr.; a vein or tubular vessel of the body L.; marrow L.; a mass of gold
or heap of valuables (representing the earth and given to Brhmans) W.; one of the 8
forms of Sarasvat id.; N. of one of the wives of Kas'yapa (mother of the land and waterbirds, prob. = the Earth) Hariv. 232 (v.l. {irA}); n. poison L. (v.l. {dara})
daambhika * = mf(%{I})n. id.; m. a cheat, hypocrite Mn. MBh. Hariv.; Ardea Nivea L.
(cf. %{baka}).
dhaara * = 1 mf({I})n. ( {dhR}) holding, supporting, containing (ifc.; cf. {karNa-},
{chattra-}, {tulA-} &c.); m. N. of Vishnu L.; debt L.
dhaara * = 2 m. or n. (1. {dhAv}) stream, gush (cf. {taila-} [add.] and {toya-}); mfn.
coming down in a stream or as rain Sus'r. Bhpr.
dhaa4raa * = 1 f. stream or current of water; (cf. {tri-}, {dvi-}, {zata-}, {sahasra-}), flood,
gush, jet, drop (of any liquid), shower, rain (also fig. of arrows, flowers, &c.; {va4sor dh}, `" source of goodN. of a partic. libation to Agni AV. S'Br. MBh.; of a sacred bathingplace MBh.; of Agni's wife BhP.); a leak or hole in a pitcher &c. L.; the pace of horse S'is'.
v, 60 (5 enumerated, viz. {dhorita}, {valgita}, {pluta}, {ut-tejita}, {ut-te7rita}, or {Askandita}, {recita} for the two latter L.; with {paramA}, the quickest pace Kaths. xxxi,
39); uniformity, sameness (as of flowing water?) L.; custom, usage W.; continuous line
or series (cf. {vana-}); fig. line of a family L.; N. of a sacred bathing-place (also with
{mAhezvarI} cf. above) MBh.; of a town (the residence of Bhoja) Cat.
dhaara * = 3 m. a sort of stone L.; edge. boundary L. (cf. 2. {dhArA}); deep place, depth

W. (to 1. {dhAra}?).
dhaa4raa * = 2 f. (2. {dhAv}) margin, sharp edge, rim, blade (esp. of a sword, knife, &c.;
fig. applied to the flame of fire) RV. S'Br. MBh. Kv. &c.; the edge of a mountain L.; the
rim of a wheel Ragh. xiii, 15; the fence or hedge of a garden L.; the van of an army L.; the
tip of the ear L.; highest point, summit (cf. {-rA7dhirUDha}) glory, excellence L.; night
L.; turmeric L.
dhaaraya * = mfn. holding, bearing &c. (Pa1n2. 3-1, 138) ; owing a sum (gen.) to (dat.)
L.
dhaaraaya * = Nom. A1. %{-yate}, to be like a stream Amar. 20 Sch.
dhaarayadvat * = mfn. possessing the quality of sustaining or supporting (A1dityas) TS.
dhak 1 nom. fr. %{dagh} or %{dah} (cf. %{dakSiNa-dagh} and %{uza4-dah}).//2 an
exclamation of wrath Uttarar. iv, 23.
dhAka * = m. an ox Un2. iii, 40 Sch.; a receptacle (= %{AdhAra}; v.l. %{AhAra}, food)
ib.; a post L.; (%{A}) f. Pa1n2. 7-4, 13 Va1rtt. 1 Pat. [cf. $].
dhara = earth
dharaM = wearing
dharaNa * = mf({I})n. bearing, supporting VS. Tr.; m. a dike or bank L.; the world L.;
the sun L.; the female breast L.; rice-corn L.; N. of a king of the Ngas S'atr.; m. or n. a
sort of weight variously reckoned as= 10 Palas, = 16 silver Mshakas, = 1 silver Purna, =

1/10 S'atamna, = 19 Nishpva, = 2/5 Karsha, = 1/10 Pala, = 24Raktik Mn. Yj. Sus'r.
Var. &c.; n. the act of bearing, holding, &c. Kv.; bringing, procuring (cf. {kAma-});
support, prop, stay (cf. {pRtkivI-}, {savana}.); a partic. high number Buddh. (cf.
{dhamana}, {dhamara}); ({I}) f. see s.v.
dharaNi = earth
dharati = to wear
dharayet.h = bears
dharitri = earth
dhartaa.asi = are the bearer or support
dharma = religion * = 1 m. (rarely n. g. %{ardharcA7di}; the older form of the RV. is %
{dha4rman} q.v.) that which is established or firm, steadfast decree, statute, ordinance,
law; usage, practice, customary observance or prescribed conduct, duty; right, justice
(often as a synonym of punishment); virtue, morality, religion, religious merit, good
works (%{dha4rmeNa} or %{-mAt} ind. according to right or rule, rightly, justly,
according to the nature of anything; cf. below; %{mesthita} mfn. holding to the law,
doing one's duty) AV. &c. &c.; Law or Justice personified (as Indra S3Br. &c.; as Yama
MBh.; as born from the right breast of Yama and father of S3ama, Ka1ma and Harsha
ib.; as Vishn2u Hariv.; as Praja1-pati and son-in-law of Daksha Hariv. Mn. &c.; as one of
the attendants of the Sun L.; as a Bull Mn. viii, 16; as a Dove Katha1s. vii, 89, &c.); the
law or doctrine of Buddhism (as distinguished from the %{saJgha} or monastic order
MWB. 70); the ethical precepts of Buddhism (or the principal %{dharma} called %

{sUsra}, as distinguished from the %{abhi-dharma} or, further dharma and from the %
{vinaya} or `" discipline, these three constituting the canon of Southern BBuddhism
MWB. 61); the law of Northern BBuddhism (in 9 canonical scriptures, viz. Prajn5a1pa1ramita1, Gan2d2a-vyu1ha, Das3a-bhu1mi7s3vara, Samadhira1ja, Lan3ka7vata1ra,
Saddharma-pun2d2arika, Tathagata-guhyaka, Lalita-vistara, Suvarn2a-prabha1sa,ib.
69); nature, character, peculiar condition or essential quality, property, mark,
peculiarity (= %{sva-bhAva} L.; cf. %{daza-dh--gata} S3Br. &c. &c.; %
{upamAno7pameyayor@dh-}, the tertium comparationis Pa1n2. 2-1, 55 Sch.); a partic.
ceremony MBh. xiv, 2623; sacrifice L.; the ninth mansion Var.; an Upanishad L.;
associating with the virtuous L.; religious abstraction, devotion L.; = %{upamA} L. (cf.
above); a bow Dharmas3.; a Soma-drinker L.; N. of the 15th Arhat of the present Avasarpin2i1 L.; of a son of Anu and father of Ghr2ita Hariv.; of a sson of Ga1ndha1ra and
ffather of Dhr2ita Pur.; of a sson of Haihaya and ffather of Netra BhP.; of a sson of
Pr2ithu-s3ravas and of Us3anas ib.; of a sson of Su-vrata VP. (cf. %{dharma-sUtra});
of a sson of Di1rgha-tapas, Va1yup.; of a king of Kas3mi1ra, Ra1j. iv, 678; of another
man ib. vii, 85; of a lexicographer &c. (also %{-paNDita}, %{-bhaTTa} and %{-zAstrin})
Cat. [Cf. Lat. {firmus}, Lith. {derme4}.]\\ 2 Nom. P. %{-mati}, to become, law Vop.\\3
in comp. for %{-man} q.v. 2.\\ see p. 510, col. 3.
dharmadeva * = m. the god of justice MBh.
dharmaM = doctrines
dharman* = m. bearer, supporter, arranger RV.; N. of a son of Br2ihad-ra1ja and father
of Kr2itam2-jaya VP.; (%{dhA7rman}) n. (older than %{dha4rma} q.v., in later
language mostly ifc.; cf. below) support, prop, hold RV. VS.; established order of things,
steadfast decree (of a god, esp. of Mitra-Varun2a), any arrangement or disposition; will,

pleasure; law, rule, duty; practice, custom, mode, manner (%{dha4rmaNA}, %{mabhis}; %{-maNas@pa4ri} in regular order, naturally; %{svAya@dhar@maNe} at
one's own pleasure; %{dharmaNi} with the permission of, %{a4dhi@dh-} against the will
of [gen.]) RV. AV. VS.; (esp. ifc.) nature, quality, characteristic mark or attribute S3Br.
(cf. %{an-ucchitti-}) MBh. (cf. %{uJcha-} [add.], %{kSatra-}, %{phala-}, %{phena}.)
Var. (cf. %{dasyu-} [add.]) Kap. (cf. %{cid-dh-} [add.]) Ka1v. (cf. %{vinAza-}.).
dharmaH = (masc.nom.sing.)(roughly)religion; life-code; way of good living;duty
dharmapatnii = respectable address for wife, wife from prescribed vedic rituals
dharmaruci * = mfn. delighting in or devoted to virtue A1past.; m. N. of a Da1nava
Katha1s.; of a god of the Bodhi tree Lalit.; of a man Buddh.
dharmasaadhanaM = the means for doing one's duty
dharmasya = occupation
dharmakshetre = in the place of pilgrimage
dharmaatmaa = righteous
dharmaarthaM = For the sake of dharma
dharmaaviruddhaH = not against religious principles
dharme = religion

dharmeNahiinaaH = bereft of dharma or duty

dharmin* = mfn. knowing or obeying the law, faithful to duty, virtuous, pious, just Gaut.
MBh. R.; endowed with any characteristic mark or peculiar property Hariv. Kvya7d.
(cf. below) Sh.; (ifc.) following the laws or duties of, having the rights or attributes or
peculiarities of. having anything as a characteristic mark, subject to any state or
condition Mn. MBh. Kv. Pur. &c.; m. the bearer of any characteristic mark or attribute,
object, thing Kap.; N. of the 14th Vysa, DevbhP.; of a king VP.; (in) f. a kind of
perfume L.; N. of a woman (cf. {dhArmiNeya}).
dharmitA* = f. the being endowed with any chcharacteristic mmark or aattribute
(ifc.) Sarvad.; {-tA7va-} {ccheda} m. {-tA7vacchedakatA-vAda} and {-vAdA7rtha}, m. {tA7vacchedaka-pratyAsatti} f. {-tti-nirUpaNa} n. {-tA7vacchedaka-rahasya} n. {tA7vacchedaka-vAda} m. N. of wks. [513, 1]
dharmitva* = n. virtuousness, justice, faithfulness to duty Km.; (ifc.) the being obliged
to Gaut.; the being endowed with or obnoxious to Sus'r. Kv. Pur.
dharmiSTha* = mfn. (superl.) very virtuous or righteous, completely lawful or legal Mn.
MBh. Kv. &c.
dharmIyas* = mfn. (compar.) more virtuous &c.; very pious or moral &c. W.
dharmika* = w.r. for {dhArmika}.
dharmya * = mfn. legal, legitimate; usual, customary Mn. MBh. Ka1v. &c.; just, virtuous,
righteous Mr2icch. ix, 5; endowed with qualities or properties, `" propertied "' Kat2hUp.
ii, 13 (cf. %{tad-}); suitable to (gen.) Pa1n2. 4-4, 47; N. of a man(cf %{-dhArmyAyaNa});

n. a customary donation, vi, 2, 65.

dharmyaM = as a religious duty
dharmyaaNi = religious (used in plural )
dharmyaat.h = for religious principles
dharmvirahiita = adj. irreligious
dharsha* n= m. ( {dhRS}) boldness, insolence, arrogance MBh. i, 7040 (cf. {dur-});
impatience W.; paralysing, rendering weak or impotent ib.; violation (of a woman) ib.;
injury, wrong, insult; restraint ib.; a eunuch ib. (cf. below).
dharshita* = mfn. overpowered, violated, illtreated MBh. Hariv. Pur.; n. contumely,
insolence W.; copulation ib.; ({A}) f. an unchaste woman L.
dhasaJNjaya = a vital air that stays in the body after death
dhatse *V = You excecute, You have assumed, You give
dhatta [dhaTa] * = m. (prob. fr. {dhri} like {bhaTa} fr. {bhR}) a balance or the scale of a
bbalance Hcat. (cf. {tulA-}); ordeal by the bbalance Mit.; the sign of the zodiac Libra
Jyot.; ({I}) f. old cloth or raiment; a piece of cloth worn over the privities L.
dhatu = element
dhatte V* accepts; SB 1.2.23\\ is manifested; SB 1.10.25\\ eternally accepts; SB

1.15.35\\ take place; SB 1.19.14\\accepts; SB 2.10.36\\ executes; SB 3.5.13\\ He

assumes; SB 3.17.31\\she inflicts; SB 3.27.24\\ has taken; SB 4.8.26\\accept; SB
5.1.13\\gives; SB 6.1.51\\ possesses; SB 6.8.32-33\\ accepts; SB 7.2.22\\ he assumes;
SB 7.14.41\\ one possesses; SB 7.15.45\\He performs; SB 8.1.13\\He accepts; SB
8.5.22\\ dhatte &emdash; accepts the forms of incarnations; SB 8.24.5\\takes upon
Himself; SB 10.74.3\\ manifests; SB 10.87.46\\ (the devotee) places; SB 11.4.10\\ He
impregnates; SB 11.6.16\\assumes its position; SB 11.22.17\\gives; CC Antya 1.150
dhauta = white* = mfn. (2. {dhAv}) washed, cleansed, purified TndBr. Sus'r. Kv. &c.;
washed off, removed, destroyed Klid. S'is'. Bhathth. (cf. {dhUta4}) [520, 3]; polished,
bright, white, shining MBh. Kv. &c.; ({I}) f. washing Sinha7s.; n. id. Cn.; silver L.
dhavala = white
dhava* = 1 m. Grislea Tomentosa or Anogeissus Latifolia AV. MBh. &c. Sus'r. Bhpr. \\2
m. (accent. only Naigh.; said by some to be fr. {dhU}, but more probably a secondary
formation fr. {vi-dha4vA} q.v.) a man Naigh. ii, 3 Pac. ii, 109; a husband BhP. i, 16, 20;
lord, possessor Hariv. 14952; rogue, cheat L.; N. of a Vasu (w.r. for {dhara}?) VP.
dhenu = a cow
dhenuunaaM = of cows
dhii * = 1 cl. 3. . {dIdhIte}, &c. RV. (cf. {dIdhI}; the forms {dhImahi} and {a4dhAyi}
belong rather to 1. {dhA}; pf. {dIdhaya}, {-dhima}, {-dhiyur} or {-dhyur}, {-dhire} RV.
AV. Br.) to perceive, think, reflect; wish, desire: Intens. {dedhyat} TS. \\ 3 cl.4. .
{dhIyate}, to contain, bold (Pass. of 1. {dhA}?); to slight, disregard; to propitiate (?)

Dhtup. xxvi, 37.

dhii * 4 = 2 f. thought, (esp.) religious thought, reflection, meditation, devotion, prayer
(pl. Holy Thoughts personified) RV.; understanding, intelligence, wisdom (personified as
the wife of Rudra-Manyu BhP.), knowledge, science, art; mind, disposition, intention,
design (ifc. intent upon Kv.); notion, opinion, the taking for (comp.) RV. &c. &c.
({ya4thA dhiyA4} or {dhiyA4 na4}, according to thy wisdom or will; {itthA4 dhiyA4} or
{dhi4yaH}, willingly lit. such is thy will RV.); N. of the 5th house from the Lagna Var. \\
4 f. for {dI}, splendour RV. iii, 34, 5; vi, 3, 3.
dhiimat.h = learned man *= mfn. intelligent , wise , learned , sensible Mn. MBh. &c. ;
m. N. of Br2ihaspati L. ; of a son of Vira1j VP. ; of a R2ishi in the 4th Manv-antara ib. ; of
a son of Pu1ru1-ravas MBh. ; a Bodhi-sattva L.
dhiimataa = very intelligent
dhiimataaM = of those who are endowed with great wisdom
dhiimahi = V* upon meditate d
dhiira = courageous, steadfast * = 1 mf({I4} or {A})n. intelligent, wise, skilful, clever,
familiar with, versed in (loc.) RV. &c. &c. (compar. {dhI4ra-tara} AV. R.); m. N. of a
Buddha L.; of sev. men with the patr. S'ataparneya S'Br. -1.\\ 2 mf({A})n. ( {dhR} or
{dhA}? cf. Un. ii, 24) steady, constant, firm, resolute, brave, energetic, courageous, selfpossessed, composed, calm, grave Hariv. Kv. Pur.; deep, low, dull (as sound) Klid.
Amar. &c.; gentle, soft L.; well-conducted, well-bred L.; ({am}) ind. steadily, firmly &c.;
m. the ocean, sea (as an image of constancy?); N. of Bali L.; of other men Rjat.; f. N. of

sev. medic. plants ({kAkolI}, {kSIra-kAk-}, {mahA-jyotiSmatI}, {medA}, {zveta-vacA},

Rosa Glandulifera) Bhpr. L.; an intoxicating beverage L.; a woman who keeps down all
expression of resentment or jealousy Sh.; N. of a woman Cat.; n. saffron L. (not always,
esp. in comp., separable from 1. {dhIra}).
dhiiraM = patient
dhiiraH = the sober
dhiirataa = courage
dhiivara = (m) a fisherman
dhi * =1 cl. 6. P. {dhiyati} ({didhAya}, {dheSyati} &c.) to hold (Dhtup. xxviii, 113). Prob.
abstracted fr. 1. {dhA}, of which it is the weak form. \\ 2 m. receptacle (only ifc.; cf.
{ambu-}, {iSu-} &c.) \\ 3 or {dhinv} cl. 5. P. {dhinoti} (aor. {adhinvIt} Br.; pf.
{didhinva}; fut. {dhinviSyati}, {dhinvitA} Gr.) to nourish, satiate, satisfy Br.; to delight,
please Kv.
dhik * = ind., used as a prefix or as an interj. of reproach, menace or displeasure = fie!
shame! out upon! what a pity! &c. (with acc., rarely gen. voc. or nom.) Up. Lthy. MBh.
Kv. &c. (also {dhig dhik}, {aho dhik}, {hA dhik}, {hA dhik kaSTam}, {hA8 hA dhik} &c.;
{dhik tvAm}, or {tava} [also with {astu}] shame upon you!)
dhik.h = to be condemned
dhikbalaM = dhik.h:fie upon it + balam:power or strength

dhisa-naramdhisha*= watching or heeding men (?) "'N. of Vishnu V

dhishaNa *= mfn. intelligent, wise Hcat. ; m. N. of an evil being AV. ii, 14, 1 ; of
Br2ihas-pati (the regent of the planet Jupiter, also %{-NA7dhipa} MatsyaP.) Hcar. ; of
the plplanet JJupiter itself. L. ; of a Na1ra1yan2a Cat. ; of an astronomer L. ; of a
writer on Ta1jaka wks. Cat. ; any Guru or spiritual preceptor W. ; (%{A}) f. a sort of
Soma-vessel, a cup, goblet, bowl fig. the SSoma juice itself and its effects RV. (du. the
two bowls or worlds i.e. heaven and earth ; pl. hheaven, eearth and the intermediate
atmosphere ib.) ; knowledge, intelligence (generally ifc.) VarBr2S. civ, 29 BhP. (cf. %
{agAdha-} [add.], %{bodha-}, %{vizuddha-}) ; speech, praise, hymn L. ; dwelling-place,
abode, seat BhP. ; N. of a deity presiding over wealth and gain (also in pl.) RV. MBh. ; of
the wife of Havir-da1na and daughter of Agni Hariv. VP. ; of the wwife of Kris3a7s3va
and mother of Veda-s3ira, Devala, Vayuna and Manu BhP. [516,3] ; n. understanding,
intellect BhP. viii, 5, 39.
dhishnya * = mfn. mindful, attentive, benevolent, liberal (As'vins) RV. i, 3, 2; 89, 4 &c.;
devout, pious (voice, hymn), x, 114, 9; m. (f. {A} only RV. iv, 3, 6; n. MBh. i, 7944) a sort
of subordinate or side-altar (generally a heap of earth covered with sand on which the
fire is placed, and of which 8 are enumerated, viz. besides the {AgnIdhrIya} [in the
gndhra] those in the Sadas [see s.v.] belonging to the {hotR}, the {maitrA-varuNa} or
{pra-zastR}, the {brAhmaNAcchaMsin}, the {potR}, {neSTR} and {acchA-vAka}; and the
{mArjAlIya}) Br. S'rS. &c. (cf. {klRpta-}) &c.; N. of Us'anas i.e. the planet Venus L. (cf.
{dhiSaNa}); ({A}) f. a meteor Var. (n. only MBh. v, 7272); n. site, place, abode, region,
house MBh. Kv. Pur. &c.; the seat of a god i.e. a quarter of the sky VP.; star, asterism
(looking like the fire on the side altars) Var.; the orb of an asterism (on which its light
seems to centre) MBh. VP.; power, strength L.; mfn. placed upon a mound of earth
serving as an altar AV. Br. &c.; m. (with or scil. {agni}) a fire so placed VS. TS.&c.

dhiya: see dhI, dhyati

dhiyati= dhi
dhiiraNa (%{dhI4-}) mfn. delighting in devotion RV.
dhmaati = to blow air into, to inflate
dhri = to bear *= cl. 1. P. A1. %{dharati} , %{-te} (Dha1tup. xxii , 3 ; A1. Pot. %
{dhareran} A1pS3r.) , but more commonly in the same sense the Caus. form %
{dhArayati} , %{-te} (perf. P. %{dA8dhA4ra} , %{-dha4rtha} [Impv. %{dadhartu} AV.
Paipp.] ; A1. %{dadhre4} , 3. pl. %{-dhrire4} RV. &c. &c. ; aor. %{adhAram} R. ; %
{adhRta} , %{dhRthAs} AV. ; %{a4dIdharat} RV. &c. &c. [%{dIdhar} , %{didhRtam} , %
{-ta} RV. ; 3. pl. %{-rata} S3Br.] ; %{adArSIt} Gr. ; fut. %{dhariSyati} MBh. ; %{-Sye4}
AV. ; %{dhartA} BhP. ; inf. %{dhartum} Ka1v. , %{-tavai} Br. [%{dharta4ri} see under %
{-Tri}] ; ind. p. %{dhRtvA} , %{-dhRtya} Br.) to hold , bear (also bring forth) , carry ,
maintain , preserve , keep , possess , have , use , employ , practise , undergo RV. &c. &c. ;
(with or scil %{AtmAnam} , %{jIvitam} , %{prANAn} , %{deham} , %{zarIram} &c.) to
preserve soul or body , continue living , survive MBh. Ka1v. &c. (esp. fut. %{dhariSyati} ;
cf. Pass. below) ; to hold back , keep down , stop , restrain , suppress , resist Br. MBh.
Ka1v. &c.: to place or fix in , bestow or confer on (loc.) RV. AV. Br. &c. ; destine for (dat.
; A1. also to be destined for or belong to) RV. ; present to (gen.) Ka1ran2d2. ; to direct or
turn (attention , mind , &c.) towards , fix or resolve upon (loc. or dat.) Up. Ya1jn5. MBh. ;
A1. to be ready or prepared for S3Br. ; P. A1. to owe anything (acc.) to (dat. or gen.)
MBh. (cf. Pa1n2. 1-4 , 35) ; to prolong (in pronunciation) AitBr. RPra1t. ; to quote , cite
L. ; (with %{garbham}) to conceive , be pregnant (older %{-bham-bhR}) MBh. Ka1v. &c.
; (with %{daNDam}) to inflict punishment on (loc.) MBh. R. BhP. (also %{damam}) ;

(with %{kezAn} , or %{zmazru}) to let the hair or beard grow MBh. ; (with %{razmIn}
[ib.] or %{praharAn} [S3ak.]) to draw the reins tight ; (with %{dharamam}) to fulfil a
duty R. ; (with %{vrata4m}) to observe or keep a vow RV. &c. &c. ; (with %{dhAraNAm})
to practise self-control Ya1jn5. ; (wit. %{ipas}) to perform penance BhP. ; (with %
{mUrdhnA} or %{-dhni} , %{zirasA} or %{-si}) to bear on the head , honour highly Ka1v.
; (with or scil. %{tulayA}) to hold in a balance , weigh , measure MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; (with
or scil. %{manasA}) to bear in mind , recollect , remember ib. ; (with %{samaye}) to
hold to an agreement , cause to make a compact Pan5c. i , 125/126 (B. %{dRSTvA} for %
{dhRtvA}): Pass. %{dhriya4te} (ep. also %{-yati} ; pf. %{dadhre4} &c. = A1. ; aor. %
{adhAri}) to be borne &c. ; so be firm , keep steady RV. &c. &c. ; continue living , exist ,
remain Br. MBh. Ka1v. &c. (also %{dhAryate} R.) ; to begin , resolve upon , undertake
(dat. ; acc. or inf.) AV. S3Br. ChUp.: Caus. %{dhAra4yati} , %{-te} see above: Desid. %
{didhIrSati} (see %{-SA}) , %{didhariSate} Pa1n2. 7-2 , 75 ; %{didhArayiSati} , to wish to
keep up or preserve (%{AtmAnam}) Gobh. iii , 5 , 30: Intens. %{da4rdharti} (RV.) and %
{dAdharti} (3. pl. %{-dhrati} TS. ; cf. Pa1n2. 7-4 , 65) to hold fast , bear firmly , fasten.
[Cf. Zd. {dar} [519,2] ; Gk. $ ; Lat. {fre1-tus} , &160659[519 ,2] {fre1-num}.]
dhrish *= cl. 5. P. %{dhRSNo4ti} RV. &c. &c. ; cl. 1. P. %{dha4rSati} VS. R. (p. %
{dhRSa4t} , %{-Sa4mANa} RV. ; %{-SANa4}. AV. ; perf. %{dadha4rSa} RV. &c. &c. ; 3.
pl. %{dAdhRSur} AV. ; Subj. %{dadharSat} , %{-Sati} , %{-SIt} RV. ; %{dadhRSate} , %
{-Santa} AV. ; p. %{dadhRSva4s} RV. ; aor. %{adhRSas} S3Br. , %{adhaSiSur} TA1r. ;
fut. %{dharSiSyati} , %{-SitA} Gr. ; ind. p. %{-dhRSya} Br. ; inf. %{-dhR4Sas} , %{-Si}
RV.) , to be bold or courageous or confident or proud RV. AV. VS. ; to dare or venture
(inf. in %{tum} Pa1n2. 3-4 , 65) ; to dare to attack , treat with indignity (acc.) Br. MBh. ;
to surpass (?) AV. iii , 3 , 2: Csus. %{dharSayati} (Dha1tup. xxxiv , 43 ; aor. %
{adIdhRSat} , or %{adadharSat} Gr.) to venture on attacking ; to offend , violate (a
woman) , overpower , overcome Br. MBh. Ka1v. &c.: Desid. %{didharSiSati}: Intens. %

{darIdhRSyate} or %{darIdharSTi} Gr. [Cf. Zd. {dareS} ; Gk. $ ; Lit. {dristu} ; Goth. {gadars} , Angl. &160823[519 ,3] Sax. {dors-te} , Engl. {durs-t}.]
dhrishtha [dhRSTa] *= mfn. bold, daring, confident, audacious, impudent RV. AV. (cf.
%{a4-}, %{a4n-A-}) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; secured, obtained W. ; profligate, abandoned ib.
(ifc. it gives a bad sense to the first member of the comp. Pa1n2. 2-1, 53 Gan2ar. ii. 114) ;
m. a faithless husband ib. ; a magic. formula spoken over weapons R. ; N. of a son of
Manu Vaivasvata Hariv. (C. %{-SNu}) Pur. (cf. %{dhArSTa}) ; of a son of Kunti Hariv. ;
of a son of Bhajama1na ib. (C. %{-SNa}) ; (%{A}) f. a disloyal or unchaste woman W. ; (%
{am}) ind. boldly, courageously, fearlessly S3Br. La1t2y. R. [520,1]
dhriti* = f. holding, seizing, keeping, supporting (cf. {carSaNI-}, {vi-}), firmness,
constancy, resolution, will, command RV. &c. &c. [519, 3]; satisfaction, content, joy
MBh. Kv. &c. ({-tiM-kR}, to keep ground or stand still MBh. vii, 4540; to find pleasure
or satisfaction Ratn. iv, 4/5; {-tim-bandh}, to show firmness Amar. 67; to fix the mind
on Mn. v, 47); Resolution or Satisfaction personified as a daughter of Daksha and wife of
Dharma (MBh. Hariv. Pur.) or as a S'akti (Hcat. &c.); N. of partic. evening oblations at
the as'vamedha S'Br.; any offering or sacrifice W.; of sev. kinds of metre and of a class of
metres consisting of 4 X 18 syllables Col.; of the numeral 18 Var. Ganit.; of one of the
astrol. Yogas. L.; of a mythical garden Gol.; of one of the 16 Kals of the moon Pur.; of a
goddess (daughter of a Kal of Prakriiti and wife of Kapila) ib.; of the wife of RudraManu ib.; of the 13th of the 16 Mtriiks L.; m. wish {kSatrasya} = {kSatra-dh-} Lthy.;
N. of one of the Vis've Devs MBh.; of a preceptor Cat.; of the son of Vijaya and father of
Dhriita-vrata Hariv. Pur.; of a son of Vta-havya and father of Bahula7s'va Pur.; of a son
of Babhru L.; of a Varsha in Kus'a-dvpa VP.
dhrita = ghee *

dhrita * = mfn. held, borne, maintained, supported kept, possessed; used, practised,
observed RV. &c. &c.; measured, weighed (with or scil. {tulayA}) MBh.; worn (as clothes,
shoes, beard, &c.) Mn. MBh. Kv.; kept back, detained ({kare}, by the hand) Hit.; drawn
tight (reins) S'ak.; turned towards or fixed upon, ready or prepared for, resolved on (loc.
or dat.) MBh. R.; continuing, existing, being ib.; prolonged (in pronunciation) Prt.
({am} ind. solemnly, slowly Pac. iii, 72/73); (with {antare}) deposited as surety,
pledged ib. iv, 31/32; quoted, cited by (comp.) L.; m. N. of a son of the 13th Manu Hariv.
(v.l. {bhRtha}); of a descendant of Druhyu and son of Dharma Pur. (cf. {dhArteya}); n. a
partic. manner of fighting Hariv.
dhritaraashhTrasya = of Dhritarashtra
dhriti = with determination
dhritiM = steadiness
dhritiH = firmness
dhritigrihiitayaa = carried by conviction
dhriteH = of steadiness
dhritya = by determination
dhrityaa = determination
drishtha4 * = mfn. seen, looked at, beheld, perceived, noticed Mn. MBh. Kv. &c.;
visible, apparent AV. VS.; considered, regarded, treated, used S'ak. iii, 7 Pac. i,

401/402; appeared, manifested, occurring, existing, found, real Kv. Pac. Hit.;
experienced, learnt, known, understood MBh. Kv. &c.; seen in the mind, devised,
imagined MBh. R.; allotted, destined ib.; settled, decided, fixed, acknowledged, valid Mn.
Yj. MBh. &c.; n. perception, observation Snkhyak. Tattvas.; (scil. {bhaya}) a real or
obvious danger.
drishtha * = mfn. beheld, visible, conspicuous, famous, celebrated BhP. (= {pra-khyAta}
Sch.); {-TAnta} see p. 662, col. 1.
dhrishhTaketuH = Dhrishtaketu
dhrishhTadyumnaH = Dhristadyumna (the son of King Drupada)
dhruk*= unworthy, opposing, killing, harming
dhruva*= mf(%{A4})n. (prob. fr. %{dhR}, but cf. %{dhru} and %{dhruv}) fixed, firm,
immovable, unchangeable, constant, lasting, permanent, eternal RV. &c. &c. (e.g. the
earth, a mountain, a pillar, a vow &c.; with %{svA7Gga} n. an inseparable member of the
body Pa1n2. 6-2, 177; with %{dhenu} f. a cow which stands quiet when milked AV. xii, 1,
45; with %{diz} f. the point of the heavens directly under the feet [reckoned among the
quarters of the sky cf. 2. %{diz}] AV. Br. [521,3]; with %{smRti} f. a strong or retentive
memory ChUp. vii, 26, 2; cf. also under %{karaNa} and %{nakSatra}); staying with (loc.)
RV. ix, 101, 12; settled, certain, sure Mn. MBh. Ka1v. &c.; ifc. = %{pApa} L.; m. the polar
star (personified as son of Utta1na-pa1da and grandson of Manu) Gr2S. MBh. &c.;
celestial pole Su1ryas.; the unchangeable longitude of fixed stars, a constant arc ib.; a
knot VS. v, 21; 30; a post, stake L.; the Indian fig-tree L.; tip of the nose (?) L.; a partic.
water-bird ib.; the remaining (i.e. preserved) Graha which having been drawn in the

morning is not offered till evening S3Br. Vait.; (in music) the introductory verse of a song
(recurring as a kind of burthen) or a partic. time or measure (%{tAla-vizeSa}); any epoch
to which a computation of dates is referred W.; N. of an astrol. Yoga; of the syllable Om
Ra1matUp.; of Brahma1 L.; of Vishn2u MBh.; of S3iva S3ivag.; of a serpent supporting
the earth Gr2S. TA1r.; of a Vasu MBh. Hariv. Pur.; of a son of Vasu-deva and Rohin2i1
BhP.; of an A1n3girasa (supposed author of RV. x, 173) Anukr.; of a son of Nahusha
MBh.; of a follower of the Pa1n2d2us ib.; of a son of Ranti-na1ra (or Ranti-bha1ra) Pur.;
(%{A}) f. the largest of the 3 sacrificial ladles AV. xviii, 4, 5, 6 (with %{juhU} & %
{upabhRt}) VS. S3Br. &c.; (scil. %{vRtti}) a partic. mode of life Baudh.; (scil. %{strI}) a
virtuous woman L.; Desmodium Gangeticum L.; Sanseviera Zeylanica L.; (in music) the
introductory verse (cf. above); n. the fixed point (from which a departure takes place)
Pa1n2. 1-4, 24; the enduring sound (supposed to be heard after the Abhinidha1na)
RPra1t.; air, atmosphere L.; a kind of house Gal.; (%{am}) ind. firmly, constantly,
certainly, surely Mn. Ya1jn5. MBh. Ka1v. &c.; (%{Aya}) ind. for ever Hariv. [Cf. Zd.
{drva}.]
dhruvaM = certainly * = mf({A4})n. (prob. fr. {dhR}, but cf. {dhru} and {dhruv}) fixed,
firm, immovable, unchangeable, constant, lasting, permanent, eternal RV. &c. &c. (e.g.
the earth, a mountain, a pillar, a vow &c.; with {svA7Gga} n. an inseparable member of
the body Pn. 6-2, 177; with {dhenu} f. a cow which stands quiet when milked AV. xii, 1,
45; with {diz} f. the point of the heavens directly under the feet [reckoned among the
quarters of the sky cf. 2. {diz}] AV. Br. [521, 3]; with {smRti} f. a strong or retentive
memory ChUp. vii, 26, 2; cf. also under {karaNa} and {nakSatra}); staying with (loc.)
RV. ix, 101, 12; settled, certain, sure Mn. MBh. Kv. &c.; ifc. = {pApa} L.; m. the polar
star (personified as son of Uttna-pda and grandson of Manu) GriS. MBh. &c.; celestial
pole Sryas.; the unchangeable longitude of fixed stars, a constant arc ib.; a knot VS. v,
21; 30; a post, stake L.; the Indian fig-tree L.; tip of the nose (?) L.; a partic. water-bird

ib.; the remaining (i.e. preserved) Graha which having been drawn in the morning is not
offered till evening S'Br. Vait.; (in music) the introductory verse of a song (recurring as a
kind of burthen) or a partic. time or measure ({tAla-vizeSa}); any epoch to which a
computation of dates is referred W.; N. of an astrol. Yoga; of the syllable Om RmatUp.;
of Brahm L.; of Vishnu MBh.; of S'iva S'ivag.; of a serpent supporting the earth GriS.
Tr.; of a Vasu MBh. Hariv. Pur.; of a son of Vasu-deva and Rohin BhP.; of an ngirasa
(supposed author of RV. x, 173) Anukr.; of a son of Nahusha MBh.; of a follower of the
Pndus ib.; of a son of Ranti-nra (or Ranti-bhra) Pur.; ({A}) f. the largest of the 3
sacrificial ladles AV. xviii, 4, 5, 6 (with {juhU} & {upabhRt}) VS. S'Br. &c.; (scil. {vRtti})
a partic. mode of life Baudh.; (scil. {strI}) a virtuous woman L.; Desmodium Gangeticum
L.; Sanseviera Zeylanica L.; (in music) the introductory verse (cf. above); n. the fixed
point (from which a departure takes place) Pn. 1-4, 24; the enduring sound (supposed
to be heard after the Abhinidhna) RPrt.; air, atmosphere L.; a kind of house Gal.;
({am}) ind. firmly, constantly, certainly, surely Mn. Yj. MBh. Kv. &c.; ({Aya}) ind. for
ever Hariv. [Cf. Zd. {drva}.]
dhruvaH = a fact
dhruvaa = certain
dhutavastra = Washed garment
dhuka* = m. a kind of plant (commonly Bhuyabora or Rnabora). L.; ({A}) f. id. ib.
dhumaH = smoke
dhunana * = n. shaking, agitation W.

dhunaana * = mfn. shaking, agitating ib.

dhunaya * = Nom. P. %{-yati}, to roar, flow noisily RV.
dhuunana * = m. wind L. ; n. shaking, agitation S3is3. Ra1jat.
dhuumra * = mf(%{A})n. smoke-coloured, smoky, darkcoloured, grey, dark-red, purple
VS. Br. &c. &c. ; dim, obscured (see below) ; m. a camel TS. ; a mixture of red and black,
purple (the colour) W. ; incense (= %{turuSka}) L. ; (in astrol.) the 28th Yoga ; N. of one
of Skanda's attendants MBh. ; of a Da1nava Hariv. ; of S3iva MBh. ; of a monkey or bear
R. ; of an author and other men Cat. (cf. %{dhUmrAyaNa} and %{dhaumr-}) ; pl. of a
family of R2ishis R. ; (%{A}) f. a kind of gourd (= %{zazANDulI}) L. ; N. of the mother of
the Vasu Dhara MBh. ; of Durga1 Devi1m. ; n. wickedness, sin W.
dhuna *= mfn. (%{dhvan}) roaring , only in
dhunvan *V: waving
dhuraa = (f) yoke, responsibility
dhuriNa = awakened/aroused?
dhuu *= 1 cl. 5. P. A1. %{dhUno4ti} , %{-nute4} RV. AV. ; %{dhunoti} , %{-nute} Br. &c.
&c. ; cl. 6. P. (Dha1tup. xxvii , 9) %{dhuvati} AV. Br. (cf. %{ni-} ; Pot. %{dhUvet}
Ka1t2h.) ; cl. 9. P. A1. (xxxi , 17) Pot. %{dhunIyAt} Sus3r. ; p. A1. %{dhunAna} BhP. ; cl.
1. P. (xxxiv , 29) %{dhavati} ; cl. 2. A1. , 3. pl. %{dhuvate} (%{dhunva4te}?) S3Br. ; p. %
{dhuvAna4} TS. (pf. %{dudhAva} MBh. , %{-dhuve} AV. ; %{dudhuvIta} and %{dUdhot}
RV.: aor. %{adhUSTa} , 3. pl. %{-Sata} ib. ; %{adhoSTa} , %{adhaviSTa} ; %{adhauSIt}

, %{adhAvIt} Gr. ; fut. %{dhaviSyati} , %{-te} Br. &c. ; %{dhoSyati} , %{-te} , %{dhotA}
& %{dhavitA} Gr. ; ind. p. %{dhUtvA} AitBr. , %{-dhU4ya} AV. &c. ; inf. %{dhavitum}
Gr.) to shake , agitate , cause to tremble RV. &c. &c. ; to shake down from (e.g. fruits
[acc.] from a tree [acc.]) RV. ix , 97 , 53 ; (oftener A1.) to shake off , remove , liberate
one's self from (acc.) Br. Up. MBh. &c. ; to fan , kindle (a fire) Ka1tyS3r. MBh. &c. ; to
treat roughly , hurt , injure , destroy Ka1v. Pur. ; to strive against , resist Pan5c. i , 42:
Pass. %{dhUya4te} AV. &c. (p. %{dhUyat} MBh.): Caus. %{dhAvayati} (Dha1t.xxxiv ,
29) and %{dhUnayati} (see %{dhUna}): Desid. %{dudhUSati} , %{-te} Gr. ; Intens. %
{dodhavIti} RV. MBh. (p. %{do7dhuvat@da4vidhvat} RV.) ; %{dodhUyate} , p. %{yamAna} and %{-yat} MBh. ; so shake or move violently (trans. and intr.) ; to shake off
or down ; to fan or kindle. [Cf. %{dhav} and %{dhAv} ; Gk. $.] &160221[517 ,3]
dhuuka* = m. wind L.; rogue L.; time L.; Mimusops Elengi Car.
dhuuna mfn. (Pa1n2. 8-2 , 44) shaken , agitated ; distressed by heat or thirst W.
dhuuma = smoke
dhuumaH = (m) smoke
dhuumaketuH = (m) comet
dhuumanirgamaH = (m) chimney
dhuumapaana = smoking
dhuumena = by smoke

dhuupita * = mfn. incensed, perfumed MBh. R.; suffering pain or fatigue L.

dhuurta = adj. clever
dhuusaraH = grey
dhUrjaTa * = m. N. of an attendant of S'iva Kaths. (cf. next).
dhUr-jaTi * = m. `" having matted locks like a burden "', N. of Rudra-S'iva MBh. Kaths.
Hit. &c. ({-Tin} MBh. xiii, 7510); N. of a poet (also {-rAja}) Cat.
dhvajaH = (m) flag * = m. (n. only Hariv. 9245 and g. {ardharcA7di}; fr. 2. {dhvaj}) a
banner, flag, standard (ifc. f. {A}) RV. &c. &c.; a flag-staff W.; mark, emblem, ensign,
characteristic, sign MBh. Hariv.; attribute of a deity (cf. {makara-}, {vRSabha-} &c.); the
sign of any trade (esp. of a distillery or tavern) and the business there carried on Mn. iv,
85; a distiller or vendor of spirituous liquors L.; (ifc.) the ornament of (e.g. {kuladhvaja}) L.; the organ of generation (of any animal, male or female) Sus'r. L. (cf. {puM}, {strI-}); a skull carried on a staff (as a penance for the murder of a Brhman W.; as a
mark of ascetics and Yogis MW.); N. of a tree (= {-vRkSa}) Cat.; a place prepared in a
peculiar way for building L. (in pros.) an iambic; (in Gr.) a partic. kind of Kramapthha: (in astrol.) N. of a Yoga; pride, arrogance, hypocrisy L.; N. of a Grma Pn. 4-2,
109 Sch.
dhvajin * = mfn. having or bearing a banner MBh. R. ; (ifc.) having anything as a mark
(esp. for a committed crime) MBh. ; m. a standard-bearer ib. ; any one having an
emblem or sign, (esp.) a vendor of spirituous liquors Ya1jn5. i, 141 ; (only L.) a chariot ; a
mountain ; a snake ; a peacock ; a horse ; a Bra1hman ; (%{inI}) f. `" a bannered host "',

an army MBh. Ka1v. &c.

dhvaMsana * = mfn. = {-saka} MBh. (cf. {dakSA7dhvara-}); spluttering Nir. ii, 9; n.
destruction, ruin R. BhP.
dhvani = sound
dhvanigraahakam.h = (n) microphone
dhvanivardhakam.h = (n) amplifier, loud-speaker
dhvanii = sound
dhvaniifita = audio cassette
dhvasta* = mfn. fallen, destroyed, perished, lost Br. &c. &c.; eclipsed, obscured Var.;
scattered or covered with (instr. or comp.) MBh. Kv. &c.
dhyaatvaa = having meditated
dhyaana = contemplation * n. meditation, thought, reflection, (esp.) profound and
abstract religious meditation, ({-nam Apad}, {A-sthA} or {-naM-gam}, to indulge in
rreligious mmeditation) ChUp. Mn. MBh. Kv. &c. (with Buddhists divided into 4
stages MWB. 209 Dharmas. lxxii; but also into 3 ib. cix); mental representation of the
personal attributes of a deity W.; insensibility, dulness Bhpr.; ({-na4}) m. N. of a partic.
personification MaitrS.; of the 11th day of the light half in Brahma's month
dhyaanam.h = meditation

dhyaanayogaparaH = absorbed in trance

dhyaanaat.h = than meditation
dhyaanena = by meditation
dhyaaya.nti = meditate or think
dhyaayataH = while contemplating
dhyaayati = meditates
dhyaayantaH = meditating
dhyaayed.h = may we meditate
dhyeyaM = is to be meditated
didhishu *= mfn. wishing to gain or obtain , striving after , seeking RV. ; m. a suitor RV.
x , 18 , 8 ; a husband BhP. ix , 9 , 34 ; the second husband of a woman twice married
(also %{-SU}) L. ; (%{u} or %{U}) f. a widow remarried or an elder sister married after
the younger (both of whom having the choice of their husbands may be compared to
suitors).
digbala = Directional strength
dina* =3 (accented only Naigh. i, 9) m. n. (g. %{ardharcA7di}, only occurring as n.) a
day Mn. Ragh. Pan5cat. and o. (ifc. also in Vedic texts) ifc. f. %{A} Ra1jat. i, 347. [Cf.

Lat. {peren-dinus}, {nUndinus} &c.; Got. {sin-teins}; Lit. {de0na}; O.Pr. acc. sg.
{deinan}; Slav. {dr2ni1}.]
diti = mother of the Daityas demons
didarshayishhan.h = wishing to show
diikinaaH = (m) a happy homosexual
diikshaa* = f. preparation or consecration for a religious ceremony, undertaking
religious observances for a partic. purpose and the observances themselves AV. VS. Br.
S'rS. &c.; dedication, initiation (personified as the wife of Soma RV. 25, 26, of Rudra
Ugra or RRudra Vmadeva Pur.); any serious preparation (as for battle) MBh. Hariv.
Kv.; self-devotion to a person or god, complete resignation or restriction to, exclusive
occupation with (comp.; cf. {viraha-}, {zAka-}, {zRGgAra}.)diinajanaaya = to the poor
(humble state) people.
diikshita mf(%{i} GopBr. i, 5, 24)n. consecrated, initiated into (dat. loc. instr., or
comp.) AV. TS. Br. S3rS. Mn. MBh. &c.; prepared, ready for (dat. instr. or comp.) MBh.
R. (%{-taM-kR}, to initiate, instruct Katha1s. xx, 198); performed (as the Di1ksha1
ceremony) W.; m. a priest engaged in a DDi1ksha1 (%{-tva} n. Jaim.); a pupil of
(affixed, and rarely prefixed to the N. of a teacher, and given as a N. to a Bra1hman to
denote his being a pupil of that tteacher e.g. %{bhaTToji-}, %{zaM-kara-}; sometimes
the teacher's N. is dropped and DDi1ksha1 is used alone).
diina* = mfn. (fr. 3. %{di}?) scarce, scanty RV.; depressed, afflicted, timid, sad;
miserable, wretched Mn. MBh. Ka1v. &c.; (%{am}) ind. sadly, miserably S3iksh. 35; n.

distress, wretchedness Hariv. Pan5c.; Tabernamontana Coronaria L.; (%{A}) f. the

female of a mouse or shrew L.
diip.h = to adorn, to grace
diipa = light
diipaH = lamp
diipaka = Lamp
diipena = with the lamp
diipta = blazing
diiptaM = glowing
diiptaanala = blazing fire
diipti = light
diiptimantaM = glowing
diiptaiH = shining
diiyate = is given
diirgha = Long

diirgha-suutra = one who works slowly, procrastinates

diirghaH = (adj) long
diirghasuutrii = procrastinating
diirghaa = (adj) long
dik * = in comp. for 2. {diz}, see dis'
dina = Day
dinadarshikaa = (f) calendar
dinakara * = mf({I})n. making day or light; m. the sun Kv. &c.; N. of an ditya
RmatUp.; of the author of the wk. Candra7rk; of a Sch. on S'is'. ({mizra-d-}); of other
men; ({I}) f. (scil. {TIkA}) N. of Comm. on the Bhshsp. and Siddha7nta-mukta7val; {ra-TppanI} f. N. of a Comm.; {-ra-tanaya} m. `" son of the sun "', the planet Saturn Var.;
{-ra-deva} m. N. of a poet; {-ra-bhaTTa} m. N. of an author; {-TIya} n. his wk.; {rA7tmaja} m. `" daughter of the sun "' patr. of the Yamun; {-rIya} n. {-ro4ddyota} m.
N. of wks.
di4na-kRt * = m. = {-kartR} MBh. VarBriS. &c.; {-suta} m. = {-karatanaya} VarYogay.;
{-d-divasa} m. Sunday ib.
di4na-kesara * = (also written {-zara}) m. `" day-hair "', darkness L.
di4na-gaNa * = m. = {ahar-} Ganit.; {-Nita} n. N. of wk.

di4na-caryA * = f. daily-work Kaths.

di4na-naktam * = ind. by day and night MrkP.
di4na-niz * = f. du. day and night VarBriS. xxxii, 7.
di4na-pa * = m. the regent of a week-day ryabh. iii, 16.
di4na-pati * = m. id. Ganit.; `" day-lord "', the sun Bhartri. Rjat.
dinayaaminyau = dina+yAminI, day + night
dinaankaH = (m) date
dine = (Loc.sing.) during the day i.e day-by-day
dis' * = 1 cl. 3. P. {di4deSTi} (Imper. {di4deSTu} RV.; cl. 6. {diza4ti}, {-te} [later the only
Pres. stem]; pf. {dide4za}, {didize4}; fut. {dekSyati}, {-te} [{deSTA} Siddh.]; aor.
{adikSat} S'Br. &c.; {adikSi}, {a4diSTa} RV.; inf. {deSTum} MBh. etc.; {di4ze} RV.) to
point out, show, exhibit RV.viii, 82, 15; to produce, bring forward (as a witness in a court
of justice) Mn. viii; to promote, effect, accomplish Kir., i, 18; to assign, grant, bestow
upon (dat. RV. ii, 41, 17 AV. xiv, 2, 13; gen. MBh. iii, 14278; xiii, 1843; loc. R. i, 2, 28); to
pay (tribute) Hariv. 16061; to order, command, bid (inf.) Kir. v, 28: Pass. {dizyate} MBh.
&c.: Caus. {dezayati}, {-te}; aor. {adIdizat}, to show, point out, assign MBh. R.; to direct,
order, command ib.; teach, communicate, tell, inform confess Buddh.: Desid.
{didikSati}, {-te}, to wish to show &c.: Intens. {de4diSTe}, 3. pl. {-zate}, (p. f. pl. {-zatIs})
to show, exhibit, manifest RV.; to order, command ib.: Pass. {dedizyate}, to show or
approve one's self. AV. VS. [Cf. Z. {dis}; Gk. $; Lat. {dco}, &149116[479, 3] {in-dricare}

&c.; Goth. {teihan}; O. E. {te4on} (fr. {ti4han}).]

dis' * = 2 f. quarter or region pointed at, direction, cardinal point RV. AV. S'Br. &c. (four
in number, viz. {prAcI}, east; {dakSiNA}, south; {pratici}, west; and {udIcI}, north AV.
xv, 2, 1 s'vGri. iv, 8 &c.; Sometimes a 5th, {dhruvA} AV. iii, 9, 15 S'Br. ix, 4, 3, 10; and a
6th, {UrdhvA} AV. iii, 27, 1 S'Br. xiv, 6, 11, 5; and a 7th, {vy-adhvA} AV. iv, 40, l S'Br. ix,
5, 2, 8; but oftener 8 are given i.e. the 4 cardinal and the 4 intermediate quarters, S.E.,
S.W.N. W., and N. E. Mn. i, 13 [cf. {upa-}]; and even a 9th, and 10th, {tiryak} or {adhas}
and {Urdhvam} S'Br. vi, 2, 2, 34 MBh. i, 729; {dizAm pati} [cf. {dik-pati}) below] =
Soma RV. ix, 113, 2, or = Rudra VS.xvi, 17); quarter, region, direction, place, part (pl.,
rarely eg. the whole world e.g. {dizi}, {dizi}, in all directions, everywhere Bhartri. i, 86;
{digbhyas}, from every qquarter BhP. i, 15, 8 [480, 2]; {dizo dizas}, hither and thither
Pac. ii, 116/117; {dizo'valokya}, looking into the qquarter of the sky i.e. into the air
Ratn. iv, 4/5 {di4so 'ntAt}, from the extremities of the world ib., Introd. 6); country, esp.
foreign country, abroad (cf. {dig-Agata} and {-lAbha}, below); space (beside {kAla})
Kap. ii, 12; the numeral 10 (cf. above) S'rutab. Sryas.; a hint, reference, instance,
example Sus'r. Sh. Sch.; precept, order, manner RV. [cf. $ O. H.G. {zeiga} (see also
{dizA})]; mark of a bite L.; N. of a river MBh. vi, 327.
dis' * = 3 a vulgar form for {dRz}, to see Pn. i, 3, 1 Vrtt. 13 Pat.
dishtha * = mfn. shown, pointed out, appointed, assigned ({diSTA gatis}, the appointed
way "' i.e. death R. ii, 103, 8); fixed, settled; directed, bidden RV. AV. MBh. R. &c.; m.
time L.; a sort of Curcuma L.; N. of a son of Manu Vaivasvata Pur.; n. appointed place
ChUp. v, 9, 2; aim, goal TBr. ii, 4, 2, 2 &c.; allotment, assignment, decree; fate, destiny
AV. x, 3, 16 MBh.; direction, order, command BhP. v, 1, 11 &c. Rjat. iv, 121; a
description according to space and time (i.e. of a natural phenomenon) Sh.

dishtha4-kArin * =mfn. executing an order or acting according to fate BhP. iv, 28, 1.
dishtha4-dRz * =mfn. looking at fate or at one's lot BhP. iv, 21, 22.
dishtha4-para * =mfn. relying on fate, fatalist MBh. iii, 1214.
dishtha4-bhAva * =m. `" appointed state "' i.e. death MBh. v, 4529.
dishtha4-bhuj * =mfn. reaping the appointed results of one's works BhP. vii, 13, 39.
dishthA7nta * =m. `" appointed end "' i.e. death MBh. R. &c.
dishthi * =f. direction, prescription, TndyaBr. xxv, 18; auspicious juncture, good
fortune, happiness (esp. instr. {-TyA}, thank heaven! I congratulate you on your good
luck! often with {vardhase}, you are fortunate) MBh. Kv. &c.; a kind of measure of
length Kaus'. Sch. on Kty. Sr.
dishthi-vRddhi * =f. congratulation Kd. Hcar.
dita * = 1 mfn. (3. %{dA}) bound (cf. %{ud-}, %{ni-}, %{saM-}).\\ 2 mfn. ( %{do}
Pa1n2. 7-4, 40) cut, torn, divided BhP. vi, 6, 23 (cf. %{nir-}).
dhisthhita - see adhishthhita
divaM = to heaven
divangataH = died

divasa = day
divasakritaM = day-time-done
divasasya = of days
divase = on the day
diva *= n. heaven, sky MBh. Hariv. ; day, esp. in %{dive4-dive}, day by day, daily RV.
and ifc. (g. %{zaradAdi}) ; wood L. [Cf. %{a4har-}, %{tri-}, %{naktaM-}, %{naktaM-} %
{bRhad-}. %{rAtrim-}, %{su-} ; cf. also $ Fo in $ Lat. (?) {biduum}.
divaa *= ind. (for %{divA4}, instr. of 3. %{di4v}) g. %{svarAdi}, by day (often opposed
to %{na4ktam}) RV. ; used also as subst. e.g. %{divA@bhavati} ChUp. iii, 11, 3 ; (with %
{rAtris}) MBh. ii, 154 &c. ; esp. in beginning of comp.
divam *V= to the spiritual world, the heavens, the sky, to heaven, the higher planets, to
their heavenly himes, to the spiritual world, the higherplanets, the celestial planets.
divaakara = sun
divaukas *= m. `" sky-dweller "' , a deity Mn. MBh. Ka1lid. &c. ; planet Gan2it. ; the
Ca1taka ; a deer ; a bee ; an elephant L. ; %{-kaH-pati} m. N. of Indra Prasannar.
divi = in heaven
divya = divine *=1 Nom. P. %{-yati}, to long for heaven Pa1n2. 8-2, 77 Sch\\(%{di4vya}
Pa1n2. 4-2, 101) mfn. divine, heavenly, celestial (opp. to %{pArthiva}, %{AntarIkSa} or

%{mAnuSa}) RV. AV. S3Br. Kaus3. MBh. &c. ; supernatural, wonderful, magical (%
{aGgAra} RV. x, 34, 9 ; %{auSadha} Bhartr2. ii, 18 ; %{vAsas} Nal. xiv, 24 ; cf. %{cakSus}, %{-jJAna} &c. below) ; charming, beautiful, agreeable R. Katha1s. &c. ; m. a
kind of animal (= %{dhanvana}) VarBr2S. lxxxviii, 9 ; barley L. ; bdellium L. ; N. of a
prince Pur. ; of the author of RV. x, 107 &c. ; (%{A})) f. N. of plants (= %{harItakI}, %
{bandhyA}, %{karkoTahI}, %{zatAvarI}, %{mahA-medA} &c.) L. ; a kind of perfume =
%{surA} L. ; N. of a Buddh. deity Ka1lac. ; of an Apsaras Sch. ; n. the divine world or
anything ddivine ; pl. the celestial regions, the sky, heaven RV. ; an ordeal (10 kinds, viz.
%{tulA}, %{agni}, %{jala}, %{viSa}, %{koza}, %{taNDula}, %{tapta-mASa}, %{phAla},
%{dharmA7dharma}, %{tulasI} cf. ss.vv.) Ya1jn5. ii, 22, 95 Pan5c. i, 450/451, 451, 452
&c. ; oath, solemn promise Hit. iv, 129/130 cloves L. ; a sort of sandal L. ; N. of a
grammar, [Cf. Gk. $ for $ ; Lat. {di1us} for {divius} in &148998[479,2] {sub@dIo}.]
divyaM = transcendental
divyaaH = divine
divyaan.h = celestial
divyaanaaM = of the divine
divyaani = divine
divyaayudhaH = the man with divine weapons
divyau = transcendenta
diSTa * =fate, destiny; direction, order, command mfn. shown, pointed out, appointed,

assigned, the appointed way "' i.e. death; fixed, settled; directed, bidden; a sort of
Curcuma L.; N. of a son of Manu Vaivasvata Pur.; n. appointed place; aim, goal;
allotment, assignment, decree; BhP. v,; a description according to space and time (i.e. of
a natural phenomenon) Sh.
dishaH = on all sides
dishati = (6 pp) to show
dishaa = directions
dishaaM = direction
dishi = in all directions
dogdhi = milks (from duh.h: to milk )
dodhayati = to explain
doraka = (m) rope, string
dolaa = swing
doshaa * = 1^ f. darkness, night RV. AV. &c. ({A4m} & {A4} [instr.; cf. g. {svar-Adi}]
ind. in the evening, at dusk, at night); Night personified (and regarded with Prabhs as
wife of Pushpa7rna and mother of Pradosha or Evening, Nis'itha [!] or Midnight and
Vyushtha or Day-break) BhP. iv, 13, 13; 14 (cf. {doSa4s}, {pazcA-doSa}, {pra-doSa},
{prati-doSam}) 1.

dosha * = 1 m. evening, darkness (only BhP., where personified as one of the, 8 Vasus
and husband of Night, vi, 6, 11; 14); ({A4}) f. see next. \\2 m. rarely n. ( {duS}) fault,
vice, deficiency, want, inconvenience, disadvantage Up. Mn. MBh. Kv. &c. [498, 3];
badness, wickedness, sinfulness Mn. R.; offence, transgression, guilt, crime (acc. with
{R} or {labh}, to incur guilt), SrS. Mn. MBh. &c.; damage, harm, bad consequence,
detrimental effect ({nai9Sa doSaH}, there is no harm; {ko'tra d-}, what does it matter?)
Mn. MBh. Kv. &c.; accusation, reproach ({-SaMkR} or {-SeNa-gam} with acc., to
accuse) R.; alteration, affection, morbid element, disease (esp. of the 3 humours of the
body, viz. {pitta}, {vAyu}, and {zleSman}, 1 [cf. {tridoSa} and {dhAtu}], applied also to
the humours themselves) Sus'r.; (also {-Saka}) a calf L.
doshaa* = 2 f. (for 1. see 1. {doSa}) the arm L.
doshaiH = by faults
doshha = Blemish
doshhaM = fault
doshhavat.h = as an evil
doshhaaH = the faults
doshhena = with fault
doshhaiH = by such faults
drAva * = m. (fr. 2. %{dru}) going quickly, speed, flight; fusing, liquefaction; heat L.

draavya* = mfn. to be made to run or put to flight W.; fusible, liquefiable.

drava = liquid * = mfn. (fr. 2. %{dru}) running (as a horse) RV. iv, 40, 2; flowing, fluid,
dropping, dripping, trickling or overflowing with (comp.) Ka1t2h. Mn. MBh. Ka1v.;
fused, liquefied, melted W.; m. going, quick motion, flight Hariv.; play, sport Ja1takam.;
distilling, trickling, fluidity Bha1sha1p.; juice, essence, decoction; stream or gush of
(comp.) Ka1v.; (dram.) the flying out against one's superior Das3ar. Sa1h.; N. of one of
the Vis3ve Deva1s, Hcat "'
dravaNa = melting
dravati = (1 pp) to melt
dravanti = glide
draviNa* = n. movable property (as opp. to house and field), substance, goods (m.pl.
BhP. v, 14, 12), wealth, money RV. AV. Mn. MBh. &c.; essence, substantiality, strength,
power RV. AV. S'Br. R. &c.; N. of a Sman ArshBr.; m. N. of a son of Vasu Dhara (or
Dhava) MBh. Hariv. VP.; of a son of Priithu BhP.; of a mountain ib.; pl. the inhabitants
of a Varsha in Krauca-dvpa ib.
dravya* = n. a substance, thing, object Up. Mn. MBh. &c.; the ingredients or materials of
anything MBh. R.; medicinal substance or drug Sus'r.; (phil.) elementary substance (9 in
the Nyya, viz "' {pRthivI}, {ap}, {tejas}, {vAyu}, {AkAza kAla}, {diz}, {Atman}, {manas};
6 with Jainas, viz. {jIva}, {dharma}, {adharma}, {pudgala}, {kAla}, {AkAza}); (Gr.)
single object or person, individual (cf. {eka-}); fit object or person (cf. {A-}.); object of
possession, wealth, goods, money Mn. Yj. MBh. &c.; gold R. vii, 18, 34 Sch.; bellmetal,

brass L.; ointment L. "'; spirituous liquour L.; a stake, a wager W.

dravya* = 2 mfn. (fr. 4. {dru}) derived from or relating to a tree Pn. 4-3, 161; tree-like
or corresponding to a tree S'nkhBr. x, 2; n. lac, gum, resin L.
dravyamayaat.h = of material possessions
dravyayaGYaaH = sacrificing one's possessions
dravyeNa = (instr.S) money or riches or wealth
drashhTaa = consciousness, the 'witness, ' also a statesman with insight
drashhTuM = to be seen
drakshyasi = you will see
draakshaa = (f) grapes
dhri (dhR) * =. 1. P. . {dharati}, {-te} (Dhtup. xxii, 3; . Pot. {dhareran} pS'r.), but
more commonly in the same sense the Caus. form {dhArayati}, {-te} (perf. P.
{dA8dhA4ra}, {-dha4rtha} [Impv. {dadhartu} AV. Paipp.]; . {dadhre4}, 3. pl. {dhrire4} RV. &c. &c.; aor. {adhAram} R.; {adhRta}, {dhRthAs} AV.; {a4dIdharat} RV.
&c. &c. [{dIdhar}, {didhRtam}, {-ta} RV.; 3. pl. {-rata} S'Br.]; {adArSIt} Gr.; fut.
{dhariSyati} MBh.; {-Sye4} AV.; {dhartA} BhP.; inf. {dhartum} Kv., {-tavai} Br.
[{dharta4ri} see under {-Tri}]; ind. p. {dhRtvA}, {-dhRtya} Br.) to hold, bear (also bring
forth), carry, maintain, preserve, keep, possess, have, use, employ, practise, undergo RV.
&c. &c.; (with or scil {AtmAnam}, {jIvitam}, {prANAn}, {deham}, {zarIram} &c.) to

preserve soul or body, continue living, survive MBh. Kv. &c. (esp. fut. {dhariSyati}; cf.
Pass. below); to hold back, keep down, stop, restrain, suppress, resist Br. MBh. Kv. &c.:
to place or fix in, bestow or confer on (loc.) RV. AV. Br. &c.; destine for (dat.; . also to
be destined for or belong to) RV.; present to (gen.) Krand.; to direct or turn (attention,
mind, &c.) towards, fix or resolve upon (loc. or dat.) Up. Yj. MBh.; . to be ready or
prepared for S'Br.; P. . to owe anything (acc.) to (dat. or gen.) MBh. (cf. Pn. 1-4, 35);
to prolong (in pronunciation) AitBr. RPrt.; to quote, cite L.; (with {garbham}) to
conceive, be pregnant (older {-bham-bhR}) MBh. Kv. &c.; (with {daNDam}) to inflict
punishment on (loc.) MBh. R. BhP. (also {damam}); (with {kezAn}, or {zmazru}) to let
the hair or beard grow MBh.; (with {razmIn} [ib.] or {praharAn} [S'ak.]) to draw the
reins tight; (with {dharamam}) to fulfil a duty R.; (with {vrata4m}) to observe or keep a
vow RV. &c. &c.; (with {dhAraNAm}) to practise self-control Yj.; (wit. {ipas}) to
perform penance BhP.; (with {mUrdhnA} or {-dhni}, {zirasA} or {-si}) to bear on the
head, honour highly Kv.; (with or scil. {tulayA}) to hold in a balance, weigh, measure
MBh. Kv. &c.; (with or scil. {manasA}) to bear in mind, recollect, remember ib.; (with
{samaye}) to hold to an agreement, cause to make a compact Pac. i, 125/126 (B.
{dRSTvA} for {dhRtvA}): Pass. {dhriya4te} (ep. also {-yati}; pf. {dadhre4} &c. = .; aor.
{adhAri}) to be borne &c.; so be firm, keep steady RV. &c. &c.; continue living, exist,
remain Br. MBh. Kv. &c. (also {dhAryate} R.); to begin, resolve upon, undertake (dat.;
acc. or inf.) AV. S'Br. ChUp.: Caus. {dhAra4yati}, {-te} see above: Desid. {didhIrSati}
(see {-SA}), {didhariSate} Pn. 7-2, 75; {didhArayiSati}, to wish to keep up or preserve
({AtmAnam}) Gobh. iii, 5, 30: Intens. {da4rdharti} (RV.) and {dAdharti} (3. pl. {-dhrati}
TS.; cf. Pn. 7-4, 65) to hold fast, bear firmly, fasten. [Cf. Zd. {dar} [519, 2]; Gk. $; Lat.
{fre1-tus}, &160659[519, 2] {fre1-num}.]
driDha = unrelenting

driDhaM = strongly
driDhataa = firmness, strength
driDhanishchayaH = with determination
driDhavrataaH = with determination
driDhaasana = the side relaxation posture
driDhena = strong
drig *= in comp. for 2. %{driz}.
drigbhakti *= f. look of love Dhu1rtas.
drigbhU *= f. a thunderbolt L. ; the sun L. ; a serpent L. (cf. %{dRnphU}, %{dRmphU},
%{dRnbhU}, %{dRmbhU}).
dripta* = mfn. mad, wild, proud, arrogant ({-tara}, compar.) MBh. Kv. &c. (cf. {a4-d-}
and {a-dRpita4}).
dris' *= 1 (Pres. forms supplied by %{paz} q.v. ; pf. P. %{dada4rza} RV. &c. [2 sg. %
{dadarzitha} and %{dadraSTha} Pa1n2. 7-2, 65] ; A1. %{dadRze4} AV. [%{da4dRze},
3pl. %{-dRzre} RV. ; %{-zrire} TBr.] ; p. P. %{dadRzva4s} RV. ; %{-sivas} Up. ; %
{darzivas} q.v. [491,2] ; A1. %{da4dRzAna} RV. ; fut. P. %{-drakSya4ti} Br. &c. ; A1. %{Syate} and fut. 2. %{draSTA} MBh. ; aor. P. %{adarzam}, %{-zas}, %{-zat}, 3 pl. %{-zur}
Br. ; 1 pl. %{adarzma} TS. ; %{adRzma} JaimBr. ; Subj. %{darzam}, %{-zat}, %{-zathas}

RV. AV. ; A1. 3 pl. %{a4dRzran} VS. AV. Br. ; %{-zram} RV. ; p. %{dRzAna4} or %
{dR4zAna} [cf. s.v.] RV. ; P. %{dRzan}, 3 pl. %{a4dRzan} Br. ; Pot. %{dRze4yam} RV. ;
%{-zema} AV. ; P. %{adrAkSit} and %{adrAk} Br. ; A1. 3 pl. %{a4dRkSata} ; Subj. 2 sg.
%{dR4kSase} RV. ; inf. %{dRze4} and %{driza4ye} RV. ; %{dra4STum} AV. &c. ; ind. p.
%{dRSTvA4} AV. &c. [MBh. also %{dRzya}], %{-TvAya} RV. ; %{-dR4zya} RV. ; %{darzam} Das3.) to see, behold, look at, regard, consider RV. AV. S3Br. MBh. &c. ; to see
i.e. wait on, visit MBh. R. ; to see with the mind, learn, understand MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; to
notice, care for, look into, try, examine Ya1jn5. Pan5c. ; to see by divine intuition, think
or find out, compose, contrive (hymns, rites, &c.) Br. Nir. ii, 11: Pass. %{dRzya4te} (ep.
also %{-ti}) aor. %{ada4rzi} RV. &c. to be seen, become visible, appear RV. AV. S3Br.
MBh. &c. ; to be shown or manifested, appear as (%{iva}), prove Mn. MBh. Ka1v. &c.:
Caus. P. A1. %{darzayati}, %{-te} AV. &c. ; aor. %{adIdRzat} Br. ; %{adadarzat} Pa1n2.
7-4, 7, to cause to see or be seen, to show a thing (A1. esp. of something belonging to
one's self) or person (P. and A1. with or scil. %{AtmAnam}, also one's self), to (acc. AV.
iv, 20, 6 S3Br. &c. ; gen. Mn. iv, 59 MBh. &c. ; dat. R. ii, 31, 33 Ragh. &c. ; instr. after A1.
refl. Pa1n2. 1-4, 53 Ka1s3.) ; to show = prove, demonstrate Mn. MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; to
produce (money) i.e. pay Mn. viii, 155 ; (a witness), 158: Desid. A1. %{dIdRkSate} (ep.
also %{-ti}) to wish to see, long for (acc.) RV. iii, 30, 13 S3Br. MBh. &c.: Desid. of Caus.
%{didarzayiSati}, to wish to show S3am2k. ; %{adidarzayiSIt} Nid.: Intens. %
{darIdRzzate}, to be always visible Bhojapr. ; %{darI8darSTi} or %{dard-} Pa1n2. 7-4,
90 ; 91. [Cf. Gk. $, $, $ ; Goth. &152440[491,2] {tarhjan}.]
2 dRz 2 m. (nom. %{k}, Ved. %{G} Pa1n2. 7-1, 83) seeing, viewing, looking at ;
knowing, discerning Ya1jn5. MBh. &c. (ifc. cf. %{Ayurveda-d-}, %{diSTa-d-}, %{pRthagd-}, %{ma4ntra-d-}, %{sama-d-}, %{sarva-d-}, %{sUryad-}) [491,3] ; f. sight, view (dat.
%{dRze4} as inf. cf. 1 %{dRz}) ; look, appearance (in %{I-d-}, %{kI-d-}, %{tA-d-}) ; the
eye R. Var. &c. (also n. BhP. iv, 4, 24) ; theory, doctrine Vcar. ; (astrol.) the aspect of a
planet or the observed spot. [Cf. Gk. $ for $ in $.] &152504[491,3]

dris'a *= m. look, appearance (cf. %{I-d-}, %{kI-d-}, %{tA-d-} &c.) ; (%{am}) ind. = 2.
%{dRz} ifc. (g. %{zarad-Adi}) ; (%{A}) f. the eye L.\\ mf(%{I})n. id. Ka1v. Katha1s.
Ra1jat.
drishau = eyes
drishh = (pashyati) to see
drishaH = eyes
dris'a m. look, appearance (cf. %{I-d-}, %{kI-d-}, %{tA-d-} &c.) ; (%{am}) ind. = 2. %
{dRz} ifc. (g. %{zarad-Adi}) ; (%{A}) f. the eye L.
dris'a mf(%{I})n. id. Ka1v. Katha1s. Ra1jat.
dris'ad * = %{dRzadvati} = %{dRSad}, %{dRSadvatI} below.
dris'aakaaGkshya * = n. `" desirable to the eye "', a lotus L.
dris'aalu * = m. the sun L.
dris'aana * = m. (cf. 1. %{dRz}) a Bra1hman or spiritual teacher L. ; N. of a R2ishi with
the patr. Bha1rgava Ka1t2h. ; of a demon L. ; n. light, brightness L.
dris'aasphutamAlA * = (or %{-zA-sph-}?) f. N. of wk.
dris'ati * = f. look, appearance RV. vi, 3, 3.

drishad *= f. ( %{dRR}? Un2. i, 130) a rock, large stone, mill-stone, esp. the lower
mmill-ststone (which rests on the %{upala}) RV. AV. VS. S3Br.; GS. Ka1v. &c.
drishhTaH = observed
drishhTavaan.h = seeing
drishhTavaanasi = as you have seen
drishhTiM = vision
drishhTii = Sight
drishhTiibheda = difference in seeing, observing or outlook
drishhTvaa = having seen
drita *= respected, honoured
drikshyati = see
draavya * = mfn. to be made to run or put to flight W.; fusible, liquefiable.
draupadeyaaH = the sons of Draupadi
dravya * = n. a substance, thing, object Up. Mn. MBh. &c.; the ingredients or materials
of anything MBh. R.; medicinal substance or drug Sus'r.; (phil.) elementary substance (9
in the Nyya, viz "' {pRthivI}, {ap}, {tejas}, {vAyu}, {AkAza kAla}, {diz}, {Atman},

{manas}; 6 with Jainas, viz. {jIva}, {dharma}, {adharma}, {pudgala}, {kAla}, {AkAza});
(Gr.) single object or person, individual (cf. {eka-}); fit object or person (cf. {A-}.); object
of possession, wealth, goods, money Mn. Yj. MBh. &c.; gold R. vii, 18, 34 Sch.;
bellmetal, brass L.; ointment L. "'; spirituous liquour L.; a stake, a wager W.
dravya * = 2 mfn. (fr. 4. {dru}) derived from or relating to a tree Pn. 4-3, 161; tree-like
or corresponding to a tree S'nkhBr. x, 2; n. lac, gum, resin L.
drogdhavya* = mfn. to be injured S3Br. MBh.
drogdhovya* = &c. see above.
drogdhR* = m. injurer, ill-wisher MBh. Ra1jat.
droha *= m. injury, mischief. harm, perfidy, treachery, wrong, offence Mn. MBh. R. &c.
drohabhAva *= m. hostile disposition Mn. ix, 17.
drohabuddhi *= mfn. maliciously-minded, malevolent MW.
drohacintana *= n. injurious design L.
drohapara *= mfn. full of malice, Rajat.
drohATa *= (%{-hA7Ta}?) m. a false man ; a hunter ; a form of metre (L.).
drohavacana *= n. injurious language MBh.

drohavRtti *= mfn. malicious, wicked Ra1jat.

drohin *= mfn. hurting, harming ; perfidious against, hostile to (gen. or comp.) MBh.
R. &c.
drohita *= mfn. hostile, maliciously inclined L.
druh: * =1 cl. 4. P. {dru4hyati} (ep. and metr "' also . {-te}) Br. MBh. R. &c. (pf.
{dudrbha} RV., {-hitha} AV.; aor. {adruhat}, Gr "' Subj. 2 sg. {druhas} MBh., 3 pl.
{druhan} [with {mA}] RV.; 2 sg. adrukshas AitBr.; fut. {dhrokSyati} MaitrS.,
{drohiSyati} Pn. 7-2, 45; {drogdhA}, {droDhA} or {drohitA} Gr.; inf. {drogdhavai}
Kthh.; ind. p. {drugdhvA}, {drochitvA}, {druhitvA} Gr.; {-druhya} MaitrS.) to hurt, seek
to harm, be hostile to (dat.; rarely gen. [R. ii, 99, 23 Hit. ii, 121] loc. [BhP. iv, 2, 21] or
acc "' [Mn. ii, 144]); absol. to bear malice or hatred MBh. Hit.; to be a foe or rival
Kvya7d. ii, 61: Caus. {drohayati}: Desid. {dudrohiSati}, {dudruh-} Gr.; {dudrukSat}
Kthh. (cf. {abhi-} and {dudhrukSu}). [Orig. {dhrugh} [502, 3]; cf. Zd. {druj}; Germ.
{triogan}, {trgen}.]
druh4: * 2 mfn. (nom. {dhruk} or {dhruT} Pn. 8-2, 33; wrongly {druk}; cf. {ni4drA-}.)
injuring, hurtful, hostile to (gen. or comp.) Mn. MBh. Pur.; m.f. injurer, foe, fiend,
demon RV. Kthh.; f. injury, harm, offence RV. AV. [Cf. Zd. {druj}; Germ. {gidrog},
{gethroc}.]
druha * = m. a son L.; a lake L. (cf. {draha}); ({I}) f. a daughter L.
druhiNa * = m. id. Rjat.; N. of S'iva or Vishnu Hariv. (w.r. {-hina}).
druhvan * = mfn. hurting, injuring RV. AV.

druhyu * = m. pl. N. of a people RV.; sg. N. of a son of Yayti and brother of Yadu &c.
MBh. (w.r. {du4hyu}) Hariv. (v.l. {druhya}) Pur.
druhya* = m. N. of a man; g. {zivA7di} pl. his descendants; g. {yaskA7di} (also v.l. for
the next Hariv.)
druhyet *V= will commit violence.
druhaNa * =m. (either fr. 1. {druh}, or = {dru-ghaNa}) N. of Brahm L.
drudha = robust
drupadaH = Drupada
drupadaputreNa = by the son of Drupada
druta* = mfn. quick, speedy, swift MBh. R.; quickly or indistinctly spoken Gt.; flown,
run away or asunder Kv. Pur.; dissolved, melted, fluid Kv.; m. a scorpion L.; a tree (cf.
{druNa} and {druma}) L.; n. a partic. faulty pronunciation of vowels Pat.; ({am}) ind.
quickly, rapidly, without delay. Mn. MBh. &c.
dreshhkaaNa = A Varga. This is a subdivision of one third or a sign. Also known as
Dreshkana
droha * = m. injury, mischief. harm, perfidy, treachery, wrong, offence Mn. MBh. R. &c.
droNa = the teacher Drona

droNaM = Drona
droNaH = Dronacarya
droNii = (f) bucket
druma = tree
druta * = quick, speedy, swift MBh. R.; quickly or indistinctly spoken Gt.; flown, run
away or asunder Kv. Pur.; dissolved, melted, fluid Kv.; m. a scorpion L.; a tree (cf.
{druNa} and {druma}) L.; n. a partic. faulty pronunciation of vowels Pat.; ({am}) ind.
quickly, rapidly, without delay. Mn. MBh. &c.
duda * = m. N. of a mountain MBh. xiii, 7658.
dudda * = and mfn. giving pain, cruel, wicked L.
duddAdin * = mfn. giving pain, cruel, wicked L.
duddhara * = m. (for %{dur-dh-}?) a kind of rope-ladder Pan5cad.
dudh * = cl. 1. P. %{do4dhati} (Nigh. ii, 12), to be angry, hurt, injure; Pres. p. %
{do4dhat}, impetuous, wild, fierce RV.
dudhi * = mfn. violent, impetuous, injurious RV.
dugha *= mfn. milking , yielding (ifc.) ; (%{du4ghA}) f. a milch-cow RV. VS.

duh * = 2 (orig. %{dugh} cf. %{du4ghAna}, %{dugha} &c., and the initial %{dh} of
some forms) cl. 2. P. A1. %{dogdhi} ; %{dugdhe} or %{duhe4} RV. &c. (pl. A1. %
{duhate4}, ix, 19, 5 &c. ; %{duhrate}, i, 134, 6 &c. ; %{duhre4}, vii, 101, 1 &c. ; impf. P. %
{a4dhok}, iii, 19, 7 ; %{duhu4r} ii, 34, 10 &c. ; A1. %{adugdha} [according to Pa1n2. 7-3,
73 aor.] pl. %{aduhra}, i AV. viii, 10, 14 ; 3 sg. %{aduha} pl. %{-hra} MaitrS. [cf. Pa1n2.
7-1, 8 ; 41 Ka1s3.] ; Impv. %{dhukSva} RV. AV. ; 3 sg. %{duhA4m} RV. i, 164, 27 ; pl. %
{duhrA4m}, %{-ra4tAm} AV. ; %{dhuGgdhvam} A1s3vS3r. ; Subj. %{dohat} [3 pl. %{hAn} Br.], %{-hate} RV. ; Pot. %{duhIyat} RV. ii, 11, 21 ; %{-ya4n}, i, 120, 9 ; A1. %{hIta}, ii, 18, 8 ; p. P. %{duha4t} A1. %{duhAna4}, %{du4hAna}, and %{du4gh-} RV.) ; cl.
6. P. A1. %{duha4ti}, %{-te} RV. &c. ; cl. 4. %{duhyati}, %{-te} MBh. ; pf. %{dudo4ha}
[%{-hitha} RV. ii, 3, 16], %{duduhe4}, 3 pl. %{duduhur} [%{dudUhur} BhP. v, 15, 9] RV.
&c. ; A1. %{duduhre} RV. iii, 57, 2 &c. [ix, 70, 1 SV. %{-hrire}] ; fut. %{dhokSyati}, %{te} Pa1n2. 8-2, 37 Ka1s3. ; aor. %{a4dhukSat}, %{-Sata} [3 sg. ix, 2, 3 pl. 110, 8], %
{adukSat}, i, 33, 10 ; %{dukSata}, 3 sg. i, 160, 3 ; Impv. %{dhukSa4sva} RV. ; Pot. %
{dhukSIma4hi} TS., i, 6, 4, 3 ; inf. %{dogdhum} MBh. &c. ; %{dogdhos} S3Br. ; %
{duha4dhyai} and %{doha4se} RV. ; ind. p. %{dugdhvA} S3Br.) to milk (a cow or an
udder) fig. take advantage of (cf. $), enjoy ; to milk or squeeze out, extract (milk, Soma
e.g. any good thing) ; draw anything out of another thing (with 2 acc.) RV. &c. &c. ;
(mostly A1.) to give milk, yield any desired object (acc., rarely gen.) RV. &c. &c.: Pass. %
{duhya4te} aor. %{adohi} (Pa1n2. 3-1, 63 Ka1s3.) to be milked, to be drawn or extracted
from RV. AV. MBh. &c.: Caus. %{doha4yati}, %{-te} aor. %{adUduhat} Pass. %
{dohya4te}, to cause to milk or be milked ; to milk, milk out, extract S3Br. Vait. Mn.
BhP.: Desid. %{du4dukSati} (RV.), %{dudhukSati} (Bhartr2. ii, 38 cf. %{dudhukSu}), to
wish to milk. [489,2]\\3 mfn. (nom. %{dhuk}) milking ; yielding, granting (cf. %{kAma}, %{go-} &c.)
duhitaH = (f) daughter

duhitaa = (f) daughter

duHs'Ila * = mfn. badly disposed, ill-behaved MBh. R. &c. ({-tA} f. Kull.); ({A}) f. N. of a
woman Kaths.; {-citta} mfn. bad-hearted, Subhsh.
duHshcharita = adj. bad blooded
duHkha = sorrow * = 1 mfn. (according to grammarians properly written {duS-kha} and
said to be from {dus} and {kha} [cf. {su-kha4}]; but more probably a Prkritized form
for {duH-stha} q.v.) uneasy, uncomfortable, unpleasant, difficult R. Hariv. (compar. {tara} MBh. R.); n. (ifc. f. {A}) uneasiness, pain, sorrow, trouble, difficulty S'Br. xiv, 7, 2,
15 Mn. MBh. &c. (personified as the son of Naraka and Vedan VP.); ({am}) ind. with
difficulty, scarcely, hardly (also {at} and {ena}) MBh. R.; impers. it is difficult to or to be
(inf.with an acc. or nom. R. vii, 6, 38 Bhag. v, 6); {duHkham} - {as}, to be sad or uneasy
Ratn. iv, 19/20; - {kR}, to cause or feel pain Yj. ii, 218 MBh. xii, 5298.\\2 Nom. P. {khati}, to pain SaddhP.
duHkhaM = distress
duHkhataraM = more painful
duHkhasa.nyoga = of the miseries of material contact
duHkhahaa = diminishing pains
duHkhaanaaM = material miseries
duHkhaalayaM = place of miseries

duHkhe = and distress

duHkhena = by miseries
duHkheshhu = in the threefold miseries
duHkhaiH = the distresses
duHkhita *= mfn. pained, distressed; afflicted, unhappy Mn. MBh. R. &c.; %{-citta}
mfn. grieved in mind MW
duHsaha *= mfn. didifficult to be borne , unbearable , irresistible (%{-tva} n. ; comp. %
{-tara}) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; m. N. an evil demon Ma1rkP. ; of a son of Dhr2ita-ra1sht2ra
MBh. i ; of Puru-kutsa Pur. ; (%{A}) f. N. of S3ri MBh. xii , 8154 ; of a shrub (= %{nAgadamanI}) L.
duHshaha *= mfn. irresistible RV. ix , 91 , 5 (cf. %{duH-s-}).
duHshiila = adj. bad-tempered
duHstha *= mfn. `" standing badly "', unsteady, disquieted (lit. and fig.); uneasy,
unhappy, poor, miserable Pur. Ra1jat.; ignorant, unwise, a fool L.; covetous W.; (%{am})
ind. badly, ill; with %{sthA}, to be unwell Amar. 29.
duHsvapna *= m. a bad dream, GS. ; %{-darzana} n. seeing a bbad ddream
S3a1n3khGr2. ; %{-nAza} m. removal of bbad ddream BhP. ; mfn. = next Hariv. ; %{nAzana} and %{-zin} mfn. removing bbad ddreams MBh. Hariv. ; %{-pratibodhana}
mfn. difficult to be awakened from sleep R. v, 81, 53 ; %{-zAnti} f. (lit.= the next) N. of

wk. ; %{-pno7pazAnti} f. the cessation of a bbad ddream BhP. viii, 4, 15.

dukhanda = hot iron
dugdha = milk
duHs'iila* = mfn. badly disposed, ill-behaved MBh. R. &c. ({-tA} f. Kull.); ({A}) f. N. of a
woman Kaths.; {-citta} mfn. bad-hearted, Subhsh.
DukriJNkaraNa = grammatic formula ``DukRi.nkaraNa''
DukriJNkaraNe = the grammatical formula ``DukRi.nkaraNe''
dura * = 1 = 1. {dur} only in {zata-} (q.v.) \\ * = 2 m. (perhaps {dRR}) `" one who opens
or unlocks "', giver, granter (= {dAtR} Sy.) RV. i, 53, 2; vi, 35, 5.
duraas'a *= mfn. having bad expectations Prab.iii , 5 ; (%{A}) f. bad expectation , vain
hope , despair Ra1jat. BhP.
duraas'aya *= mfn. evil-minded, malicious Prab. ii, 28/29 BhP.; m. the subtle body
which is not destroyed by death Sch.
duravaapa *= mfn. didifficult to be attained or accomplished MBh. vii, 727 S3ak. i,
26/27.
dur-bhraatri = bad brother
duratyaya = very difficult to overcome * = mfn. {-atikrama} KathhUp. iii, 14 MBh. R.

&c.; inaccessible MBh. xiii, 4880; inscrutable, unfathomable R. iii, 71, 15 BhP.; {yA7nukramaNa} mfn. whose ways are past finding out (God) MW.
duraatman.h = evil natured, vile
duraasadaM = formidable
duraas'a * = mfn. having bad expectations Prab.iii, 5; ({A}) f. bad expectation, vain
hope, despair Rjat. Bh
duranvaya * = mfn. difficult to be passed along (road) R. ii, 92, 3; ddifficult to be
accomplished or performed MBh. Hariv.; ddifficult to be found out or fathomed R.; not
corresponding or suitable BhP. x, 84, 14; m. a false concord (in gram.); a consequence
wrongly deduced from given premises MW
duraapa * = mfn. didifficult to be attained or approached, inaccessible S3Br. Mn. MBh.
&c.; m. N. of a Da1nava Hariv.
duraasada *= ddifficult or dangerous to be approached MBh. Kv. Pur.; ddifficult to
be found or met with, unheard of, unparalleled MBh. R.; difficult to be accomplished
(v.l. {-saha}); m. N. of S'iva, mystical N. of a sword MBh. xii, 6203.
durbala = weak
durbuddhi = stupid person, idiot
durbuddheH = evil-minded

durbhiksha = famine
dur * = mfn. difficult to be seen or met with KathhUp. past. MBh. R. &c.; disagreeable
or painful to the sight MBh. Hariv. &c.; {-tA} f. MBh. viii, 861; {-zatAya} Nom. . {-yate},
to have a bad or disgusting appearance MW.
durdhaarya* = mfn. difficult to be borne MBh. iii , 99 , 41 ; with %{manasA} ,
ddifficult to be recollected ib. xiii , 4483.
durdhara * = mfn. difficult to be carried or borne or suffered , unrestrainable ,
irresistible RV. i , 57 , 1 MBh. Hariv. &c. ; ddifficult to be administered (punishment)
Mn. vii , 28 ; ddifficult to be kept in memory or recollected MBh. xiii , 3618 ; inevitable
, absolutely necessary (suffix) Va1m. v , 2 , 51 ; m. quicksilver L. ; N. of two plants (%
{RSabha} and %{bhallAtaka}) L. ; a kind of hell L. ; N. of a son of. Dhr2ita-ra1sht2ra (cf.
%{-dharSa}) MBh. ; of one of S3ambara's generals Hariv. ; of Mahisha L. ; (%{A}) f. N.
of a partic. constellation (cf. %{durudharA}) ; of Candra-gupta's wife HParis3. ; %{-rAyogA7dhyAya} m. N. of a ch. of the Mina-ra1ja-ja1taka.
durdhariitu* = and mfn. unrestrainable , irresistible RV.
durdharma * = mfn. having or obeying bad laws MBh. viii , 2066.
durdharsha * = mfn. ddifficult to be assaulted or laid hold of , inviolable , inaccessible
, unconquerable , dangerous , dreadful , awful MBh. R. &c. (%{-tA} f. MBh. ; %{-tva} n.
BhP.) ; haughty , distant W. ; m. N. of a son of Dhr2ita-ra1shtra (cf. %{dhara}) MBh. i ;
of a Ra1kshasa R. v ; of a mountain in Kus3a-dvipa MBh. vi , 451 ; (%{A}) f. N. of two
plants (= %{nAga-damanI} and %{kanthArI}) L. ; %{-kumArabhUta} m. `" one who has

become an inviolable youth "'N. of a Bodhi-sattva.

durdharshaNa * = mfn. inaccessible , dangerous R. iv , 9 , 55 &c.
durdhartu * = mfn. unrestrainable , irresistible RV.
durdharutha * = = %{-dhurUTa} W.
dureva* = mfn. ill-disposed, malignant; m. evildoer, criminal RV. AV.
durga = fort
durgati = bad state, defeat
durgatiM = to degradation
durgam.h = (n) fort
durgama* = mfn. difficult to be traversed or travelled over, impassable, inaccessible,
unattainable MBh. Hariv. Kv.; m. or n. a ddifficult situation; m. N. of a son of Vasudeva and Pauravi VP.; of Dhriita ib., &c.; {-mArga-nirgama} mfn. of ddifficult access
and issue Pac. i, 427; {durgamA7zu-bodhinI} f. N. of a Comm.
durgaa = Goddess Durga
durgaaNi = impediments
durghaTanaa = (f) calamity, disaster

durita * = ({du4r-} RV. i, 125, 7) n. bad course, difficulty, danger. discomfort, evil, sin
(also personified) RV. AV. Hariv. Kv. &c.; mfn. difficult, bad AV. xii, 2, 28; wicked,
sinful L.; {-kSaya} m. destruction of sin BhP.; N. of a man ib.; {-damanI} f. Mimosa
Suma L.; {-tA7tman} mfn. evil-minded, malicious Subh. 147; {-tA7ri} f. `" enemy of sin
"'N. of a Jaina goddess; {-tA7rNava} m. `" ocean of sins "'N. of a king Kautukar.
durjana = wicked person
durjanaM = bad person
durnigrahaM = difficult to curb
durniriikshyaM = difficult to see
durnivaara = hard to correct
durlabha = ungettable
durlabhaM = rare (thing)
durlabhataraM = very rare
durlakSya* = mfn. hardly visible Das3. Ra1jat.; n. a bad aim Ratn. iii, 2
durmada * = mad conception or illusion, foolish pride or arrogance Pur.; ({-ma4da})
mfn. drunken, fierce, mad, infatuated by (comp.) RV. MBh. &c.; m. N. of a son of
Dhriita-rshthra MBh. i; of a son of Dhriita (father of Pracetas); of a son of Bhadra-sena
(father of Dhanaka); of a son of Vasu-deva and Rohini or Paurav Pur.; {-da-vIra-

mAnin} mfn. foolishly fancying (one's self) a hero BhP. iii, 17, 28; {-dA7ndha} mfn. `"
blinded by mad illusion "', besotted, v, 12, 16; {-din} m. drinker, drunkard Pat.
durmati *= f. bad disposition of mind , envy , hatred RV. VS. AV. ; false opinion or
notions Ca1n2. ; mfn. weak-minded , silly , ignorant (rarely `" malicious "' , `" wicked "')
m. fool , blockhead (rarely `" scoundrel "' , villain "') Mn. MBh. &c. ; N. of the 55th year
of the cycle of Jupiter (lasting 60 years) Var. Su1ryas. ; of a demon Lalit. ; of a blockhead
, Bharat.
durmatiH = foolish
durmanaH = (adj) evil-minded
durmanaH = adj. evil-minded
durmedhaa = unintelligent
dur-utsaha= difficult to bear or resist MBh. &c
durvachana = wicked statements
durvaadalashyaamaM = black as the'durvA' (flower)petal
durvibhaavya *= mfn. d difficult to be perceived or understood Ka1v.
durvidagdha = foolishly puffed up, vain
durviniita * = mfn. badly educated, ill-conducted, undisciplined, mean, wicked,

obstinate, restive MBh. Kv. &c. ({-taka} id. Kaths. xx, 9); m. N. of a sage (associated
with Durvsas &c.) VarBriS. xlviii, 63; of a prince.
durvisha* = m. `" didifficult to be pervaded or approached "'N. of S'iva MBh. xii, 104
durvishaha *= mfn. didifficult to be borne or supported , intolerable , irresistible ,
impracticable MBh. R. BhP. (%{-Sahya} id. MBh. R.) ; m. N. of S3iva MBh. xii , 10431 ;
of a son of Dhr2ita-ra1sht2ra MBh. i.
durvishaha* = mfn. ddifficult to be borne or supported, intolerable, irresistible,
impracticable MBh. R. BhP. ({-Sahya} id. MBh. R.); m. N. of S'iva MBh. xii, 10431; of a
son of Dhriita-rshthra MBh. i.
durvitarkya * = mfn. difficult to be discussed or understood BhP
durvritta = those having wickedness
durvrittaM = bad deed
duryodhanaH = King Duryodhana
dush*= ind. a prefix to nouns and rarely to verbs or adverbs (Pn. 2-1, 6; 2, 18 Vrtt. 2
Pat.; iii, 3, 126 &c.) implying evil, bad, difficult, hard [488, 2]; badly, hardly; slight,
inferior &c. (opp. to {su}), often = Engl. {in-} or {un-} [cf. 2. {duS}; Zd. {dush-}; Gk. $;
Goth. {tuz-}; O.H.G. {zur}.]. It becomes {dur} (q.v.) before vowels and soft consonants;
{dU} (q.v.) before {r} and sometimes before {d}, {dh}, {n}, which become {D}, {Dh},
{N}; remains unchanged before {t}, {th} (in older language however {ST}, {STh});
becomes {duS} (q.v.), rarely {duH} before {k}, {kh}; {p}, {ph}; {duz} (q.v.) before {c},

{ch}; {duH} (q.v.), rarely {duz}, {duS}, {dus}, before {z}, {S}, {s}.
dushkirtii = adj. declared evil
dushhkritaaM = of the miscreants
dushhkritinaH = miscreants
dushhTagraha = Aspected (Aspecting) Planet
dushhTabuddhii = adj. evil spirited
dushhTaasu = being so polluted
dustyajya * mfn. difficult to be relinquished or quitted
dushhpuuraM = insatiable
dushhpuureNa = never to be satisfied
dushhpraapaH = difficult to obtain
duSprasaha *= mfn. difficult to be borne or supported or suffered , irresistible ; terrible
, frightful MBh. Ka1v. ; m. N. of a Jaina teacher S3atr.
dustara = hard to cross
dustarka* = m. false reasoning, wrong argument BhP.; {-mUla} mfn. founded on it MW.

dushtha* = mfn. spoilt, corrupted; defective, faulty; wrong, false; bad, wicked;
malignant, offensive, inimical; guilty, culpable S'rS. Mn. Yj. Sus'r. MBh. &c.; sinning
through or defiled with (cf. {karma} {mano-}, {yoni-}, {vAg-}); m. a villain, rogue; a kind
of noxious animal Vishn. xii, 2; ({A}) f. a bad or unchaste woman L.; u. sin, offence,
crime, guilt Hariv. R. (cf. {zruti-}); Costus Speciosus or Arabicus L.
dushthataa* = f. or badness, wickedness
dushthara* = mfn. difficult to be passed or overcome or endured; unconquerable,
irresistible; incomparable, excellent RV. AV. (cf. {dus-t-}); {-ta4rItu} mfn. id. RV. TS.;
N. of a man S'Br. xii, 9, 3, 1.
dustara* = mfn. (cf. {S-T-}) difficult to be passed or overcome, unconquerable,
invincible MBh. Kv. &c.
dustyajya * = mfn. difficult to be relinquished or quitted MBh. R. &c
dussthaana = An evil position (6, 8, 12 Houses)
duuda * = mfn. afflicting, harassing L. (For 1 . %{dU} see p. 488, col. 2.)
duuta = messenger
duura = far
duura4 * = mf({A})n. (prob. fr. 1. {du}, hut see Un. ii, 21; compar. {da4vIyas}, superl.
{daviSTha}, qq.vv.) distant, far, remote, long (way); n. distance, remoteness (in space
and time), a long way S'Br. MBh. Kv. &c.; ({a4m}) ind. far, far from (gen. or abl. Pn.

2-3, 34 Ks'.), a long way off or a long period back RV. AV. S'Br. &c. (also {dUrA4d
dUra4m} AV. xii, 2, 14); far above ({ut-patati} Hit. i, 101/102) or below ({ambhasi}
Kaths. x, 29); far i.e. much in a high degree ({dUram un-mani-kRta} Prab. iii, 21/22;
{dUraM-kR}, to surpass, exceed Ragh. xvii, 18; {-M-karaNa} mf({i})n. making far or
distant, removing Vop. (v. l.); {-M-gata} mfn. = {-ra-g-} Sank.; {-M-gama4} mfn. going
far away VS. xxxiv, 1; ({A}) f. (scil. {bhUmi}) one of the 10 stages in the life of a S'rvaka
L.; ({eNa}) ind. (Pn. 2-3, 35) far, from afar, by far MBh. Kv. &c.; compar. {-ratareNa} VP. iii, 7, 26, 33; ({At}) ind. (Pn. ib.) from a distance, from afar RV. AV. MBh.
&c.; far from (abl.) Mn. iv, 151; a long way back or from a remote period, iii, 130; in
comp. with a pp. e.g. {dUrAd-Agata}, come from afar Pn. 2-1, 39; vi, 1, 2; 2, 144 Ks'.;
({e}) ind. (Pn. 2-3, 36 Ks'.) in a distant place, far, far away RV. i, 24, 9; iv, 4, 3 (opp.
{a4nti}) and c AV. S'Br. Ts'Up.5(opp. {antike}) Mn. MBh. &c.; compar. {-ra-tare}, some
way from (abl.) Mn. xi, 128; {dUre-kR}, to discard Amar. 67; {dUre-bhU} or {gam}, to
be far away or gone off Kaths. Vet.; {-re tiSThatu}, let it be far i.e. let it be unmentioned,
never mind Kaths. vi, 37.
duuradarshakam.h = (n) telescope
duuradarshana = television
duuradarshanam.h = (n) television
duuradarshii = one with far-sight especially a statesman
duuradhvanii = telephone
duuravaaNiivinimayakendram.h = (n) telephone exchange

sthaM = far away

durAza* = mfn. having bad expectations Prab.iii, 5; ({A}) f. bad expectation, vain hope,
despair Rjat. BhP.
duurena = discard it at a long distance
duure* = loc. of {dUra} (q.v.) in comp.
duureanta* = mfn. ending in the remote distance, boundless (heaven and earth) RV. AV.
duureartha* = ({-re4-}) mfn. whose aim is far off RV. vii, 63, 4.
duuretya* = mfn. being far off, distant Pn. 4-2, 104 Vrtt. 1 Pat.
duurebhaa* = ({-re4-}) mfn. shining to a distance RV. i, 65, 10.
duureheti* = ({-re4-}) mfn. whose arrows fly to a distance PrGri. iii, 14; m. a partic.
form of Agni TS. Comm.
duurvaa.nkuraiH = with the bud of `dUrva'
duushaNa *= mf(%{I})n. corrupting , spoiling , vitiating , violating AV. S3a1n3khGr2.
&c. ; counteracting , sinning against (comp.) R. ii , 109 , 7 (cf. %{arA-ti-d-} , %{kula-d-} ,
%{kRtyA-d-} , %{khara-d} , %{loka-d-} , %{viSa-d-} , %{viSkandha-d-}) ; m. N. of a
Rakshas (general of Ra1van2a) MBh. R. &c. ; of a Daitya slain by S3iva S3ivaP. ; (%{A})
f. N. of the wife of Bhauvana and mother of Tvasht2r2i BhP. v , 15 , 13 ; n. the act of
corrupting &c. (see above) Mn. MBh. &c. ; dishonouring , detracting , disparaging MBh.

Mr2icch. Katha1s. &c. ; objection , adverse argument , refutation Sarvad. Jaim. Kap.
Sch. ; fault , of fence , guilt , sin Mn. Ka1v. Hit. &c. (cf. %{arthad-} , %{sukRta-d-} , %
{strI-d-}).
duushita * = mfn. spoiled, corrupted, contaminated, defiled, violated, hurt, injured Mn.
MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; censured, blamed MBh. Katha1s. ; calumniated, blemished,
compromised, falsely accused of (often in comp. see %{manyu-}, %{zatrU7pajApa}.)
Mn. vi, 66 (v.l. %{bhUSita}), viii, 64 &c. MBh. Bhartr2. Pan5c. &c. ; (%{A}) f. a girl who
has been violated or deflowered W.
dva * =original stem of {dvi} q.v. (nom. acc. du. m. {dva4}, or {dvau4} fn. {dve4}; instr.
dat. abl. {dvA4bhyAm} gen. loc. {dva4yos}) two RV. &c. &c.; both (with {api} Ragh. xii,
93); loc. {dvayos} in two genders (masc. and fem.) or in two numbers (sing. and pl.) Gr.
L. [Cf. {dvA} and {dvi}; Zd. {dva}; Gk. &155939[503, 2] $, $ and $= $; Lat. {duo18} and
{bi} = {dvi}; Lith. {du}, {dvi}; Slav. {du8va}; Goth. {tvai}, {tva} &c.]
dvaa * =old nom. du. of {dva}, substituted for {dvi} in comp. before other numerals
dvaapara * = m. n. that die or side of a die which is marked with two spots VS. TS.
Ka1t2h. MBh.; the Die personified Nal. vi, 1; `" the age with the number two "'N. of the
3rd of the 4 Yugas or ages of the world (comprising 2400 years; the YYugas itself =
2000, and each twilight = 200 years; it is also personified as a god) AitBr. Mn. MBh. &c.
RTL. 111; 433; N. of a myth. being MBh. i, 2713; doubt, uncertainty L.; %{-cchandas} n.
pl. a partic. class of metre Nida1nas.; %{-stoma} m. pl. of Stomas ib.
dvaara = entry (neut)

dvaaraka* n. door, gate MBh.; ifc. occasioned or caused by S'ank.; ({akA}) f. `" manygated "'N. of the capital of Kriishna (on the western point of Gjart, supposed to have
been submerged by the sea) MBh. Hariv. Pur. &c. ({ikA} f. id. L. RTL. 55, 1; 113; 400, 2).
dvaaraM = door
dvandva = couple
dvandvaM = tha pair
dvandvaH = the dual
dvandvaiH = from the dualities
dvayaM = twin
dvaadashamaJNjarikaabhiH = by the bouquet consisting of 12 flowers (12
dvaidhaaH = duality
dvau = (adj) two
dve = two
dvesha = haterd
dveshha = hatred

dveshhaH = hatred
dveshhau = also detachment
dveshhTi = envies
dveshhya = the envious
dveshhyaH = hateful
dvi = two, both
dvisha * = mfn. (ifc.) hostile, hating (cf. {-tA} and {-tva}) [507, 1]; hateful or unpleasant
to Hariv.; m. foe, enemy L.
dvishaa * = f. cardamoms
dviguNa = twice
dvichakrikaa = (f) bicycle
dvija = brahmin, tooth
dvijaa* = mfn. twice-born RV
dvija* = mfn. twice-born; m. a man of any one of the first 3 classes, any ryan, (esp.) a
Brhman (re-born through investiture with the sacred thread cf. {upa-nayana}) AV. Mn.
MBh. &c.; a bird or any oviparous animal (appearing first as an egg) Mn. MBh. &c.; a

tooth (as growing twice) Sus'r. Bhartri. Var. (n. BhP. ii, 1, 31); coriander seed or
Xantboxylum Alatum L.; ({A}) f. Piper Aurantiacum Bhpr.; Clerodendrum Siphonantus
L.; {pAlaGkI} L. (cf. {-jA4} and {-jati}).
dvijottama = O best of the brhmanas
dvipa = elephant\\m. elephant (lit. drinking twice, sc. with his trunk and with his mouth)
Mn. MBh. R. &c. (ifc. f. %{A}); N. of the number 8 Gan2it.; Mesua Ferrea L.; %{-dAna}
n. the rut-fluid of an elephant Ragh.; %{-pati} m. `" prince of elephants "', a large
eelephants Ratn.; %{-mada} m. = %{-dAna} L.; %{--pA7ri} m. `" foe of elephants "', a.
lion BhP.; %{-pA7sya} m. having an eelephant's face "'N. of Gan2e7s3a L.; %{-pe7ndra} m. = %{-pa-pati} Ragh.; %{--pe7ndradAna} n. the rut-fluid of a large
eelephants Var.; %{-pe7zvara} m. = %{-pe4udra}, Malatim.
dvipaada = two feet
dvirdvaadashaa = 2nd and 12th house from each other
dvishhataH = envious
dvisvabhaavaraashi = Common Signs
dvitiiya* = mf({A})n. (fr. {dvi} Pn. 5-2, 54; decl "' i, 1, 36 Vrtt. 3 Pat. cf. vii, 3, 115)
second RV. &c. &c.; ({am}) ind. for the second time KathhUp. MBh. &c.; m. companion,
fellow (friend or foe) S'Br. MBh. &c.; ifc. doubled or accompanied by, furnished with (cf.
a-, {chAyA-}, {dhanur-} &c.); the 2nd in a family (i.e. a son L.; cf. AitBr. vii, 29); the 2nd
letter of a Varga i.e. the surd aspirate Prt. Pn. &c.; ({A}) f. female companion or friend
Kthh. xcviii, 33; wife (a second self) L.; (sc. {vibhakti}) the 2nd case, the accusative or

its terminations Pn. 2-1, 24 &c.; (sc. {tithi}) the 2nd day of a half-month Rtn. iv, 2/3;
({dvi4tIya}) mfn. (Pn. 5-3, 49) forming the 2nd part or half of anything, with {bhAga}
m. half of (gen.) Mn. iv, 1 &c.; n. the half (at the beginning or end of a comp.) Pn. ib., ii,
2, 3 Ks'.
dviipaH = (m) island * = m. n. (fr. %{dvi} + %{ap} Pa1n2. 5-4, 74; vi, 3, 97) an island,
peninsula, sandbank RV. S3Br. MBh. &c.; a division of the terrestrial world (either 7
[Jambu, Plaksha or Go-medaka, S3a1lmali1, Kus3a, Kraun5ca, S3a1ka and Pushkara
MBh. vi, 604 &c. Hariv. Pur. &c.] or 4 [Bhadra7s3va, Ketu-mlla, Jambu-dvipa and
Uttara1h2 Kuravah2 MBh. vi, 208 Hariv. Ka1v. &c. cf. Dharmas. cxx] or 13 [the latter
four + 9, viz. Indra-dvipa, Kaseru1-mat, Ta1mra-varn2a, Gabhasti-mat, Na1ga-dvipa,
Saumya, Ga1ndharva, Varun2a and Bha1rata, which are enumerated VP. ii, 3, 6; 7, as
forming Bha1rata-varsha] or 18 [among which the Upa-dvipas are said to be included
Naish. i, 5 Sch.]; they are situated round the mountain Meru, and separated from each
other by distinct concentric circumambient oceans; %{ayaM@dvIpaH} = %{jambu-dv-}
BhP. v, 16, 5 or = %{bhArata-dv-} VP. ii, 3, 7); m. place of refuge, shelter, protection or
protector MBh. Ka1ran2d2.; a tiger's skin L.; cubebs L. (cf. %{-sambhava}).
dvividhaa = two kinds of
dyaamutemaaM = sky
dyutaM = gambling
dyuta* = n. N. of the 7th mansion (= $) Var. (v.l. {dyuna}, or {dyUna}).
dyUta* = n. (m. only MBh. ii, 2119; cf. Pn. 2-4, 31) play, gaming, gambling (esp. with

dice, but also with any inanimate object). AV. S'rS. Mn. MBh. &c.; (fig.) battle or fight,
contest for (comp.) MBh. iii, 3037 &c.; the prize or booty won in battle ib. vii, 3966; ix,
760.
dyuti (dyoti)= gleam* = f. splendour (as a goddess Hariv. 14035), brightness, lustre,
majesty, dignity. Mn. MBh. Var. Kv. &c.; (dram.) a threatening attitude Das'ar. Sh.;
m. N. of a Riishi under Manu Merusvarna Hariv.; of a son of Manu Tmasa ib.
dyutiM = the sunshine
dyau = from outer space

E
ebhiH = by them
ebhyaH = to these demigods
edh* =cl. 1. . {e4dhate} (rarely P. {-ti}), {edhAM-cakre}, {edhitA}, {edhiSyate},
{aidhiSTa}, to prosper, increase, become happy, grow strong RV. AV. VS. S'Br. Mn.; to
grow big with self-importance, become insolent; to become intense, extend, spread, gain
ground (as fire or passions) MBh. BhP.; to swell, rise (as waters) BhP.: Caus. {edhayati},
to cause to prosper or increase, wish for the welfare or happiness (of any one), bless BhP.
Kum. vi, 90 Bhathth.
edha* = m. ({indh}), fuel RV. i, 158, 4; x, 86, 18 VS. S'Br. Ragh. &c. [232,1]; (mfn.) ifc.

kindling see {agny-edha}; [cf. Gk. $, $; Hib. &72394[232,1] {aodh}; O. H. G. {eit}; Angl.
Sax. {a7d}.]
edhaa.nsi = firewood
edhamAnadviS * = mfn. hating those who have become insolent or impious (through
prosperity)
edhate = (1 ap) to grow
edhita * = mfn. grown, increased, enlarged, made big, made to spread, filled up
edhitR * = mfn. one who increases
edhanIya * mfn. to be increased or enlarged.
edhavat * =mfn. kept up with fuel (as fire)
edhodaka * =n. fuel and wate r
edhatu * =1 (for 2. see p. 232, col. 1), {us} mf. prosperity, happiness RV. viii, 86, 3 AV.
S'Br. &c.; ({us}) m. man Un. i, 79; (mfn.) increased, grown L.
edhas * =1 {as} n. happiness, prosperity\\ 2 n. fuel
edha * =m. ({indh}), fuel RV. i, 158, 4; x, 86, 18 VS. S'Br. Ragh. &c. [232, 1]; (mfn.) ifc.
kindling see {agny-edha}; [cf. Gk. $, $; Hib. &72394[232, 1] {aodh}; O. H. G. {eit}; Angl.
Sax. {a7d}.]

eka = one
ekaM = one
ekaH = (adj) one
ekatvaM = in oneness
ekatvena = in oneness
ekada.ntaM = one who has a single tusk
ekada.ntaaya = to the one-tusked
ekamaksharaM = pranava
ekamevaadvitiiyaM = one without a second
ekaanta *= m. a lonely or retired or secret place, (%{e} ind. in a lonely or solitary place,
alone, apart, privately) MBh. Mn. S3ak. &c.; a single part, part, portion Pat.; the only
end or aim, exclusiveness, absoluteness, necessity R. Sus3r. &c.; devotion to one object,
worship of one Being, monotheistic doctrine MBh. BhP.; (%{am}, %{ena}, %{At}) ind.
solely, only, exclusively, absolutely, necessarily, by all means, in every respect, invariably
MBh. Megh. Bhartr2. Kap. &c.; (mfn.) directed towards or devoted to only one object or
person BhP. R. &c.; %{-karuNa} mfn. wholly and solely compassionate, wholly
charitable Hit.; %{-grahaNa} n. partial comprehension Car.; %{-grAhin} mfn.
comprehending partially ib.; %{-tas} ind. lonely, alone; solely, exclusively, invariably,
&c.; %{-tA} f. %{-tva} n. exclusive worship BhP.; the state of being a part or portion Pat.;

%{-duHSamA} f. `" containing only bad years "', (with Jainas) N. of two spokes in the
wheel of time (the sixth of the Avasarpin2i1 and the first of the Utsarpin2i1, qq.v.); %{bhAva} m. devotedness to only one object MBh.; %{-bhUta} mfn. one who is alone or
solitary BhP.; %{-mati} mfn. having the mind fixed on one object; %{-rahasya} n. N. of
wk.; %{-rAj} m. N. of a Bodhi-sattva; %{-vihArin} mfn. wandering alone; %{-zIla} mfn.
fond of loneliness MBh.; %{-suSamA} f. `" containing only good years "', (with Jainas) N.
of two spokes in the wheel of time (the first of Avasarpin2i1 and the sixth of Utsarpin2i1,
qq. v.); %{-sthita} mfn. staying or remaining alone or apart.
akatva * = n. oneness, unity, union, coincidence, identity Ka1tyS3r. MBh. Sus3r. &c.; (in
Gr.) the singular number Ka1s3.; singleness, soleness HYog.
ekayaa = by one
ekavachanaM = singular
ekasthaM = in one place
ekasmin.h = in one
ekaaH = one
ekaakini = solitary woman
ekaakii = alone
ekaagra = one-pointed

ekaagraM = with one attention

ekaagreNa = with full attention
ekaantaM = overly
ekaaksharaM = the one syllable
eke = in one
ekena = alone
ekaikaM = one by one
ekaikamaksharaM = each and every word
eko.ahaM = I the one single being
enaM = this
enas * = {as} n. ( {i} Un. iv, 197; {in} BRD.), mischief, crime, sin, offence, fault RV. AV.
S'Br. Mn. &c.; evil, unhappiness, misfortune, calamity RV. AV.; censure, blame L.; [cf.
Zd. {aenaGh}; Gk. $.]
enasvin * = mfn. wicked, &72437[232, 1] sinful, a sinner RV. AitBr. S'Br. Mn.
enasya * = mfn. produced by sin; counted a sin or crime, wicked, sinful AV. vi, 115, 2;
viii, 7, 3 S'Br.

eraka * = m. N. of a Nga MBh. i, 2154; ({A}) f. a kind of grass of emollient and diluent
properties MBh. VP. Bhpr. &c.; [cf. Gk. $]; &72471[232, 1] ({I}) f. a species of plant; N.
of a river; ({am}) n. a woollen carpet (Buddh.)
eSaNa* = 1 {am}, {A} n. f. impulse, ardent desire BhP. \\* = 2 mfn. seeking for, wishing
Nir.; m. an iron arrow L.; ({A}) f. seeking with, desire, begging, solicitation, request S'Br.
Pn. Rjat. &c.; (with Jainas) right behaviour when begging food Sarvad. 39, 9; ({I}) f.
an iron or steel probe Sus'r.; a goldsmith's scale L.; ({am}) n. the act of seeking, begging,
solicitation MBh.; medical examination, probing Sus'r.
eSa* = 1 mfn. gliding, running, hastening RV. \\* = 2 (nom. m. of {eta4d} q.v.)\\* = 3
mfn. (fr. 3. {iS}) ifc. seeking S'Br. xiii; m. the act of seeking or going after RV. x, 48, 9;
({eSa4}), wish, option RV. i, 180, 4, (cf. {svaI7Sa4}); ({A}) f. wish L.; [cf. Zd. {ae7sha};
O. H. G. {e1r}.]
eshhaH = this
eshhaa = this
eshhaaM = of them
eshhyati = comes
eshhyasi = you will attain
etat.h = it
etan.h = this

etayoH = of these two

etasya = of this
etaaM = this
etaan.h = all these
etaani = all these
etaavan* = (by Sandhi for {etA4vat})
etaavat.h = this much * = mfn. so great, so much, so many, of such a measure or
compass, of such extent, so far, of such quality or kind RV. AV. S'Br. MBh. &c.; (often in
connection with a relative clause, the latter generally following; {etAvAn eva puruSo yaj
jAyA7tmA prajA}, a man is of such measure as [i.e. made complete by] his wife, himself,
and his progeny Mn. ix, 45) R. BhP. Hit. &c.; ({at}) ind. so far, thus far, so much, in such
a degree, thus RV. vii, 57, 3 S'Br. Hit. &c.
etad * = mfn. (Gr. 223; g. %{sarvA7di} Pa1n2. 1-1, 27) this, this here, here (especially as
pointing to what is nearest to the speaker e.g. %{eSa@bANaH}, this arrow here in my
hand; %{eSa@yAti@panthAH}, here passes the way; %{eSa@kAlaH}, here i.e. now, is
the time; %{etad}, this here i.e. this world here below); sometimes used to give emphasis
to the personal pronouns (e.g. %{eSo'ham}, I, this very person here) or with omission of
those pronouns (e.g. %{eSa@tvAM@svargaM@nayAmi}, I standing here will convey
thee to heaven; %{etau@praviSTau@svaH}, we two here have entered); as the subject of
a sentence it agrees in gender and number with the predicate without reference to the
noun to be supplied (e.g. %{etad@eva@hi@me@dhanam}, for this [scil. cow] is my only

wealth MBh.); but sometimes the neuter sing. remains (e.g. %{etad@guruSu@vRttiH},
this is the custom among Gurus Mn. ii, 206); %{etad} generally refers to what precedes,
esp. when connected with %{idam}, the latter then referring to what follows (e.g. %
{eSa@vai@prathamaH@kalpaH} %{anukalpas@tv@ayaM@jJeyaH}, this beforementioned is the principal rule, but this following may be considered a secondary rule
Mn. iii, 147); it refers also to that which follows, esp. when connected with a relative
clause (e.g. %{eSa@cai9va@gurur@dharmo@yam@pravakSyAmy@ahaM@tava}, this
is the important law, which I will proclaim to you MBh.) RV. &c. &c.; (%{a4d}) ind. in
this manner, thus, so, here, at this time, now (e.g. %{na4@vA4@u@eta4n@mriyase},
thou dost not die in this manner or by that RV. i, 162, 21) AV. VS. &c.; [cf. Zd. {ae7ta};
Old Pers. {aita}; Armen. {aid}; Osk. {eiso}.]
eti = attain * = f. arrival, approach RV. x, 91, 4; 178, 2.
ete = they
etena = by this
eteshhaaM = of the Pandavas
etaiH = all these
etaiH = all these
eva = ( used to put emphasis )
eva * = 1 (in the Sanhit also {evA4}) ind. ({i} Un. i, 152; fr. pronom. base {e} BRD.,
probably connected with 2. {e4va}), so, just so, exactly so (in the sense of the later

{evam}) RV. AV.; indeed, truly, really (often at the beginning of a verse in conjunction
with other particles, as {id}, {hi}) RV.; (in its most frequent use of strengthening the idea
expressed by any word, {eva} must be variously rendered by such adverbs as) just,
exactly, very, same, only, even, alone, merely, immediately on, still, already, &c. (e.g.
{tvam eva yantA nA7nyo 'sti pRthivyAm}, thou alone art a charioteer, no other is on
earth, i. e. thou art the best charioteer MBh. iii, 2825; {tAvatIm eva rAtrim}, just so long
as a night; {evam} {eva} or {tathai9va}, exactly so, in this manner only; in the same
manner as above; {tenai9va mantreNa}, with the same Mantra as above; {apaH
spRSTvai9va}, by merely touching water; {tAn eva}, these very persons; {na cirAd eva},
in no long time at all; {japyenai9va}, by sole repetition; {abhuktvai9va}, even without
having eaten; {iti vadann eva}, at the very moment of saying so; {sa jIvann eva}, he while
still living, &c.) RV. &c. MBh. &c.; (sometimes, esp. in connection with other adverbs,
{eva} is a mere expletive without any exact meaning and not translatable e.g. {tv eva},
{cai9va}, {eva ca}, &c.; according to native authorities {eva} implies emphasis,
affirmation, detraction, diminution, command, restrainment); [cf. Zd. {aeva}; Goth.
{aiv}; Old Germ. {eo}, {io}; Mod. Germ. {je}.]
e4va * = 2 mfn. ({i}), going, moving, speedy, quick TBr. iii Un.; m. course, way
(generally instr. pl.) RV.; the earth, world VS. xv, 4; 5 [Mahdh.]; a horse RV. i, 158, 3
[Sy.]; ({As}) m. pl. way or manner of acting or proceeding, conduct, habit, usage,
custom RV.; [cf. Gk. $, $; Lat. &72584[232, 2] {aevu-m}; Goth. {aivs}; O.H.G {e7wa}
and Angl. Sax. {e7u}, {e7o}, `" custom "', `" law "'; Germ. {ehe}.]
evam * = ind. (fr. pronom. base %{e} BRD.; probably connected with 1. %{eva4}), thus,
in this way, in such a manner, such, (it is not found in the oldest hymns of the Veda,
where its place is taken by 1. %{eva4}, but occurs in later hymns ind in the Bra1hman2as,
especially in connection with %{vid}, `" to know "', and its derivatives [e.g. %

{ya@evaM@veda}, he who knows so; cf. %{evaM-vi4d}, col. 3]; in classical Sanskr2it %
{evam} occurs very frequently, especially in connection with the roots %{vac}, `" to speak
"', and %{zru}, `" to hear "', and refers to what precedes as well as to what follows [e.g. %
{evam@uktvA}, having so said [232,3]; %{evam@evai9tat}, this is so; %{evam@astu},
or %{evam@bhavatu}, be it so, I assent; %{asty@evam}, it is so; %{yady@evam}, if this
be so; %{kim@evam}, how so? what is the meaning of it? what does this refer to? %
{mai9vam}, not so! %{evam} - %{yathA} or %{yathA} - %{evam}, so - as) Mn. S3ak. &c.;
(it is also often used like an adjective [e.g. %{evaM@te@vacane@rataH}, rejoicing in
such words of thine; where %{evam} = %{evaM-vidhe}]) MBh. S3ak. &c.; sometimes %
{evam} is merely an expletive; according to lexicographers %{evam} may imply likeness
(so); sameness of manner (thus); assent (yes, verily); affirmation (certainly, indeed,
assuredly); command (thus, &c.); and be used as an expletive.
eva.nvidhaH = like this
eva.nvidhaaH = like this
evaapi = also

G
ga *= 1 (3rd consonant of the alphabet), the soft guttural having the sound %{g} in %
{give}; m. N. of Gan2e7s3a L.\\ 2 mf(%{A})n. (%{gam}) only ifc. going, moving (e.g. %
{yAna-}, going in a carriage Mn. iv, 120 Ya1jn5. iii, 291; %{zIghra-}, going quickly R. iii,
31, 3; cf. %{antarikSa-} &c.); having sexual intercourse with (cf. %{anya-strI-});

reaching to (cf. %{kaNTha-}); staying, being, abiding in VarBr2. Ragh. iii, 13 Katha1s.
&c. (e.g. %{paJcama-}, abiding in or keeping the fifth place, S3rut.); relating to or
standing in connection with R. vi, 70, 59 BhP. &c. (cf. %{a-}, %{agra-}, %{a-jihma-}, %
{atyanta-}, &c.; %{agre-ga4}, &c.)\\3 mf(%{I} Pa1n2. 3-2, 8)n. (%{gai}) only ifc. singing
(cf. %{chando-}, %{purANa-}, %{sAma-}); m. a Gandharva or celestial musician L.; (%
{A}) f. a song L.; (%{am}) n. id. L.\\ 4 (used in works on prosody as an abbreviation of
the word %{guru} to denote) a long syllable W.; (in music used as an abbreviation of the
word %{gAndhAra} to denote) the third note.
gaa = (v) to come
gaadha *= mf(%{A})n. (ifc. Pa1n2. 6-2 , 4) offering firm standing-ground , fordable (as
a river) , not very deep , shallow , KaushBr. ii , 9 Nir. MBh. &c. ; (%{a4m}) n. ground for
standing on in water , shallow place , ford RV. TS. iv S3Br. xii Ta1n2d2yaBr. &c. (with %
{bhAradvAjasya}N. of a Sa1man A1rshBr.) ; m. id. R. v , 94 , 12 ; = %{sthAna} L. ; desire
, cupidity L. ; m. pl.N. of a people AV. Paris3. li , 22.
gaaDha *= mfn. dived into , bathed in Ragh. ix , 72 ; `" deeply entered "' , pressed
together , tightly drawn , closely fastened , close , fast (opposed to %{zithila}) MBh. iv ,
152 (said of a bow) R. Ragh. &c. ; thick , dense L. ; strong , vehement , firm MBh. &c. ;
(%{am} , in comp. %{a-}) ind. tightly , closely , firmly Mr2icch. Megh. Sus3r. &c. ;
strongly , much , very much , excessively , heavily MBh. &c.
gaamin *= mfn. going anywhere (local adv. [MBh. i] or acc. [Pa1n2. 2-3, 70 Ka1s3.] or
%{prati} MBh. iv) ; (in the following meanings only) ifc. (Pa1n2. 2-1, 24 Va1rtt. 1) going
or moving on or in or towards or in any peculiar manner Mn. iii, 10 MBh. &c. ; having
sexual intercourse with Ya1jn5. ii, 234 (cf. %{mAtR-g-}) ; reaching or extending to R. v

VarBr2S. ; coming to one's share, due Ya1jn5. ii MBh. xiii Hariv. S3ak. &c. ; attaining,
obtaining Ma1lav. v, 12/13 ; directed towards Mn. xi, 56 Bhag. viii, 8 ; relating to MBh. ii,
26 Sa1h. vi, 180 (cf. %{agra-}, %{anta-}, %{anya-}, %{Azu-}, %{Rtu-}, %{kAma-}.)
gaana* = n. singing, song KtyS'r. Lthy. i, vii Hariv. 11793 Sis'. ix, 54; a sound L. (cf.
{araNya-}, {Uha-}, {Uhya-}
gaathazravas * = ({-tha4-}) mfn. famous through (epic) songs (Indra), viii, 2, 38.
gaathaka * = m. (Pn. 3-1, 146) a singer (chanter of the Purnas) Pn. 1-1, 34 Ks'.
Rjat. vii, 934; ({ikA}) f. an epic song Yj. i, 45 MBh. iii, 85, 30 Ratna7v. ii, 5/6.
gaathA-kAra * = m. author of (epic) songs or verses Pn. 3-2, 23; a singer, reciter W.
gaathA-nArAzaMsI4 * = f. du. epic songs and particularly those in praise of men or
heroes MaitrS. i, 11, 5; f. pl. id. S'Br. xi, 5, 6, 8 (cf. {nArAzaMsI4}.)
gaathAnI * = mfn. leading a song or a choir RV. i, 190, 1 and viii, 92, 2.
gaathA7ntara * = m. N. of the fourth Kalpa or period of the world.
gaatha * = m. a song RV. i, 167, 6 and ix, 11, 4 SV.; ({gA4thA}) f. id. RV.; a verse, stanza
(especially one which is neither Riic, nor Sman, nor Yajus, a verse not belonging to the
Vedas, but to the epic poetry of legends or khynas, such as the S'unahs'epa-khyna
or the Suparn.) AV. TS. TBr. S'Br. &c.; the metrical part of a Stra Buddh.; N. of the
ry metre; any metre not enumerated in the regular treatises on prosody (cf. {RggAthA}, {riju-gAtha}, {yajJa-gAthA}.)

gaaM = the planets

gaana = singing * = 2 n. singing , song Ka1tyS3r. La1t2y. i , vii Hariv. 11793 Sis3. ix , 54 ;
a sound L. (cf. %{araNya-} , %{Uha-} , %{Uhya-}.)
gaanga = of the ganga river
gaaNDiivaM = the bow of Arjuna
gaarha * = mfn. (fr. {gRha4}), `" domestic "', in comp
gaarhapata* = n. (fr. {gRha4-pati} g. {azvapaty-Adi}) the position and dignity of a
householder S'Br. v TndyaBr. x KtyS'r. Lthy. (cf. {kuru-g-}.)
gaarhapatya* = mfn. with {agnI}, or m. (Pn. 4-4, 90) the householder's fire (received
from his father and transmitted to his descendants, one of the three sacred fires, being
that from which sacrificial fires are lighted RTL. 364) AV. VS. S'Br. &c.; m. or n. = {sthAna} S'Br. vii, 1, 2, 12 KtyS'r. xvii, 1, 3; m. pl.N. of a class of manes MBh. ii, 462; n.
the government of a family, position of a householder, household RV. i, 15, 12; vi, 15, 19;
x, 85, 27 and 36.
gaarhasthya* = (sometimes wrongly spelt {-stha}) mfn. (fr. {gRha-stha}), fit for or
incumbent on a householder MBh. ix, xiii; n. the order or estate of a householder, of the
father or mother of a family Gaut. iii, 36 MBh. i, iii R. ii, &c.; household, domestic affairs
MBh. xiv, 162 BhP. iii; ix, 6, 47.
gaatraaNi = limbs of the body

gaatraya *= Nom. A1. %{-yate} , `" to be loosened "' or `" to loosen "' Dha1tup. xxxv , 82
(Vop.)gaayakaH = (m) singer
gaayana *= m. (Pa1n2. 3-1, 147) a singer, praiser MBh. i, iii, v, xiii R. i Ra1jat. ; a talker
L. ; N. of an attendant in Skanda's retinue MBh. ix, 2569 ; (%{I}) f. a female singer
Pa1n2. 3-i, 147 ; (%{am}) n. singing, song Ca1n2. BhP. iii, vii PSarv. [353,1] ; professing
or practising singing as a livelihood W.
gaaayantikaa * = f. (fr. %{-ntI} f. of %{gAyat}), `" singing "'N. of a cave in the Hima7laya
MBh. v, 2836
gaayati = (1 pp) to sing
gaayatrii = the Gayatri hymns
gaayikaa = (f) singer
gaahate = (1 ap) to plunge
gaahamaana = (present participle) swimming or floating
gaganayaatrikaH = (m) astronaut
gabhasti *= m. `" fork (?) "', arm, hand RV. S3Br. iv, 1, 1, 9 ; (Naigh. i, 5) a ray of light,
sunbeam MBh. R. Pan5cat. &c. ; the sun L. ; N. of an A1ditya, Ra1mapu1ja1s3ar. ; of a
R2ishi BrahmaP. ii, 12 ; f. N. of Sva1ha1 (the wife of Agni) L. ; m. (or f.) du. the two arms
or hands RV. i, iii, v ff. ; (%{I}) f. N. of a river VP. ii, 4, 36 ; mfn. shining (`" fork-like "',
double-edged or sharp-edged, pointed?) RV. i, 54, 4 TBr. ii (cf. %{syU4ma-g-})

gabhiira* = mf({A4})n. deep (opposed to {gAdha} and {dIna}) RV. &c. [346, 3]; (Naigh.
i, 11) deep in sound, deepsounding, hollow-toned RV. v, 85, 1 Riitus.; profound,
sagacious, grave, serious, solemn, secret, mysterious RV. AV. v, 11, 3; ({gambh-} MBh.
&c.) Prab. iv, 15 Sh.; dense, impervious BhP. viii, 3, 5; ({gambh-} R. iii); not to be
penetrated or investigated or explored, inscrutable; `" inexhaustible "', uninterrupted
(time) BhP. i, 5, 8; ({gambh-}, iv, 12, 38; v, 24, 24); m. N. of a son of Manu Bhautya or
of Rambha VP. iii, 2, 43 BhP. ix, 17, 10.
gachati = to go
gaccha* = m. ({gam}) a tree L.; the period (number of terms) of a progression ryabh.
ii, 20 and Sch. on 19; family, race Jain.; ({As}) m. pl.N. of a people (v.l. for {kakSa}).
gachchhataam.h = (may the two)go
gachchhati = goes
gachchhan.h = going
gachchhanti = they reach
gada * = m. a sentence MBh. i, 1787; disease, sickness Sus'r. Ragh. &c.; N. of a son of
Vasu-deva and younger brother of Kriishna MBh. Hariv. BhP.; of another son of Vasudeva by a different mother, ix, 24, 51; n. poison L.; ({A}) f. a series of sentences
RmatUp. ii, 5, 4; a mace, club, bludgeon MBh. R. &c.; Bignonia suaveolens L.; N. of a
musical instrument; of a constellation VarBri. Laghuj.; v.l. for {gadhA} TS. Sch. (cf. {agada4}, {a4-vijJAta-g-}.)

gaDa * = m. a kind of gold-fish (the young of the Ophiocephalus Lata or another species,
Cyprinus Garra) L.; a screen, covering, fence L.; a moat, ditch L.; an impediment L.; N.
of a district (part of Malva, commonly Garha or Garha Mandala) L.; ({A}) f. (in music) a
kind of Rgin (cf. {tRNa-g-}, {payo-g-}.)
gadati = (1 pp) to say
gadinaM = with maces
gahanaa = very difficult
gahvara: deep, impervious, impenetrable TS. v Hariv. BhP.; confused (in mind) Kaths.
lxi, 39 and 41; m. an arbour, bower L.; a cave, cavern L.; ({A}) f. the plant Embelia Ribes
L.; ({I}) f. a cave, cavern L.; the earth Gal.; ({am}) n. `" an abyss, depth "' (`" water "'
Naigh. Nir.) see {-re-STha4}; a hiding-place, thicket, wood AV. xii, 2, 53 MBh. R. &c.; an
impenetrable secret, riddle MBh. xiii, 1388; a deep sigh L.; hypocrisy L.; Abrus
precatorius (?) L.
gaja = Elephant
gajaH = elephant
gajakeshariyoga = Yoga in which the Moon is in an angular position (Kendra) or 1, 4, 7,
10 signs from Jupiter. Good Yoga for Wealth and Power based on strength and other
factors in the chart
gajendraaNaaM = of lordly elephants

gaJNjiiphaa = playing cards

gakaaraH = beginning with the letter `ga'
gala = neck
galita = (adj) dropped off
galitaM = weakened
gam * =1 Ved. cl. 1. P. {ga4mati} (Naigh.; Subj. {gamam}, {ga4mat} [{gamAtas},
{gamAtha} AV.], {gamAma}, {gaman} RV.; Pot. {game4ma} RV.; inf. {ga4madhyai}
RV. i, 154, 6): cl. 2. P. {ga4nti} (Naigh.; Impv. 3. sg. {gantu}, [2. sg. {gadhi} see {A-}, or
{gahi} see {adhi-}, {abhy-A-}, {A-}, {upA7-}], 2. pl. {ga4ntA} or {gantana} RV.; impf. 2.
and 3. sg. {a4gan} [RV. AV.], 1. pl. {a4ganma} [RV. AV.; cf. Pn. 8-2, 65], 3. pl.
{a4gman} RV.; Subj. [or aor. Subj. cf. Pn. 2-4, 80 Ks'.] 1. pl. {ganma}, 3. pl. {gma4n}
RV.; Pot. 2. sg. {gamyAs} RV. i, 187, 7; Prec. 3. sg. {gamyA4s} RV.; pr. p. {gma4t}, x,
22, 6): cl. 3. P. {jaganti} (Naigh. ii, 14; Pot. {jagamyAm}, {-yAt} RV.; impf. 2. and 3. sg.
{ajagan}, 2. pl. {ajaganta} or {-tana} RV.): Ved. and Class. cl. 1. P. (also . MBh. &c.),
with substitution of {gacch} [= $] for {gam}, {ga4cchati} (cf. Pn. 7-3, 77; Subj.
{gA7cchAti} RV. x, 16, 2; 2. sg. {gacchAs} [RV. vi, 35, 3] or {gacchAsi} [AV. v, 5, 6]; 2.
pl. {gacchAta} RV. viii, 7, 30; 3. pl. {ga4cchAn} RV. viii, 79, 5; impf. {a4gacchat}; Pot.
{gacchet}; pr. p. {ga4cchat} RV. &c.; aor. {agamat} Pn. 3-1, 55; vi, 4, 98 Ks'.; for .
with prepositions cf. Pn. 1-2, 13; 2nd fut. {gamiSyati} AV. &c.; 1st fut. {ga4ntA} [Pn. 72, 58] RV. &c.; perf. 1. sg. {jagamA} [RV.], 3. sg. {jagAma}, 2. du. {jagmathur}, 3. pl.
{jagmu4r} RV. &c.; p. {jaganva4s} [RV. &c.] or {jagmivas} Pn. 7-2, 68 f. {jagmu4SI}
RV. &c. [347, 1]; Ved. inf. {ga4ntave}, {ga4ntavai4}; Class. inf. {gantum}: Ved. ind. p.

{gatvAya}, {gatvI4}; Class. ind. p. {gatvA4} [AV. &c.], with prepositions {-gamya} or {gatya} Pn. 6-4, 38) to go, move, go away, set out, come RV. &c.; to go to or towards,
approach (with acc. or loc. or dat. [MBh. Ragh. ii, 15; xii, 7; cf. Pn. 2-3, 12] or {prati}
[MBh. R.]) RV. &c.; to go or pass (as time e.g. {kAle gacchati}, time going on, in the
course of time) R. Ragh. Megh. Naish. Hit.; to fall to the share of (acc.) Mn. &c.; to go
against with hostile intentions, attack L.; to decease, die Cn.; to approach carnally, have
sexual intercourse with (acc.) s'vGri. iii, 6 Mn. &c.; to go to any state or condition,
undergo, partake of, participate in, receive, obtain (e.g. {mitratAM gacchati}, `" he goes
to friendship "' i.e. he becomes friendly) RV. AV. &c.; {jAnubhyAm avanIM-gam}, `" to
go to the earth with the knees "', kneel down MBh. xiii, 935 Pacat. v, 1, 10/11;
{dharaNIM mUrdhnA-gam}, `" to go to the earth with the head "', make a bow R. iii, 11,
6; {ma4nasA-gam}, to go with the mind, observe, perceive RV. iii, 38, 6 VS. Nal. R.;
(without {ma4nasA}) to observe, understand, guess MBh. iii, 2108; (especially Pass.
{gamyate}, `" to be understood or meant "') Pn. Ks'. and L. Sch.; {doSeNa} or
{doSato-gam}, to approach with an accusation, ascribe guilt to a person (acc.) MBh. i,
4322 and 7455 R. iv, 21, 3: Caus. {gamayati} (Pn. 2-4, 46; Impv. 2. sg. Ved. {gamayA}
or {gAmaya} [RV. v, 5, 10], 3. sg. {gamayatAt} AitBr. ii, 6; perf. {gamayA4M cakAra}
AV. &c.) to cause to go (Pn. 8-1, 60 Ks'.) or come, lead or conduct towards, send to
(dat. AV.), bring to a place (acc. [Pn. 1-4, 52] or loc.) RV. &c.; to cause to go to any
condition, cause to become TS. S'Br. &c.; to impart, grant MBh. xiv, 179; to send away
Pn. 1-4, 52 Ks'.; `" to let go "', not care about Blar. v, 10; to excel Prasannar. i, 14; to
spend time S'ak. Megh. Ragh. &c.; to cause to understand, make clear or intelligible,
explain MBh. iii, 11290 VarBriS. L. Sch.; to convey an idea or meaning, denote Pn. 3-2,
10 Ks'.; (causal of the causal) to cause a person (acc.) to go by means of {jigamiSati}
another Pn. 1-4, 52 Ks'.: Desid. {ji4gamiSati} Pn., or {jigAMsate} Pn. 6-4, 16 Siddh.;
impf. {ajigAMsat} S'Br. x) to wish to go, be going Lthy. MBh. xvi, 63; to strive to obtain
S'Br. x ChUp.; to wish to bring (to light, {prakA4zam}) TS. i: Intens. {ja4Gganti}

(Naigh.), {jaGgamIti} or {jaGgamyate} (Pn. 7-4, 85 Ks'.), to visit RV. x, 41, 1 (p.
{ga4nigmat}) VS. xxiii, 7 (impf. {aganIgan}); [cf. $; Goth. {qvam}; Eng. {come}; Lat.
{venio} for {gvemio}.]
gama*= mf({A})n. (Pn. 3-3, 58) ifc. going (e.g. {araM-}, {kAma-}, {kha-}, {tiryag-},
&c.); riding on (in comp.) Hcat. i, 11, 718; m. going, course Pn. 5-2, 19; march,
decampment VarYogay. iv, 58; intercourse with a woman (in comp.) Mn. xi, 55 Yj. ii,
293; going away from (abl.) Caurap.; (in math.) removal (as of fractions), Bjag.; a road
L.; flightiness, superficiality L.; hasty perusal W.; a game played with dice and men (as
backgammon &c.) L.; a similar reading in two texts Jain.
gamaH = take to
gamana = Going
gamanaM = going
gamyate = one can attain
gaNa* = m. a flock, troop, multitude, number, tribe, series, class (of animate or
inanimate beings), body of followers or attendants RV. AV. &c.; troops or classes of
inferior deities (especially certain troops of demi-gods considered as S'iva's attendants
and under the special superintendence of the god Gane7s'a; cf. {-devatA}) Mn. Yj.
Lalit. &c.; a single attendant of S'iva VarBriS. Kaths. Rjat. iii, 270; N. of Gane7s'a W.;
a company, any assemblage or association of men formed for the attainment of the same
aims Mn. Yj. Hit.; the 9 assemblies of Riishis under the Arhat Mah-vra Jain.; a sect
in philosophy or religion W.; a small body of troops (= 3 Gulmas or 27 chariots and as

many elephants, 81 horses, and 135 foot) MBh. i, 291; a series or group of asterisms or
lunar mansions classed under three heads (that of the gods, that of the men, and that of
the Rkshasas) W.; (in arithm.) a number L.; (in metre) a foot or four instants (cf. {cchandas}); (in Gr.) a series of roots or words following the same rule and called after
the first word of the series (e.g. {ad-Adi}, the g. {ad} &c. or the whole series of roots of
the 2nd class; {gargA7di}, the g. {garga} &c. or the series of words commencing with
{garga}); a particular group of Smans Lthy. i, 6, 5 VarYogay. viii, 7; a kind of perfume
L.; = {vAc} (i.e. `" a series of verses "') Naigh. i, 11; N. of an author; ({A}) f. N. of one of
the mothers in Skanda's retinue MBh. ix, 2645 (cf. {ahar-}, {maru4d-}, {vR4Sa-}, {sa4}, {sapta4-}, {sa4rva-}; {deva-}, {mahA-}, and {vida-gaNa4}.)
ga.n = the letter or sound `ga.n
gantavyaM = to be reached
gantaasi = you shall go
gandha = smell (masc)
gandhaH = fragrance
gandharva = of the Gandharvas
gandharvaaNaaM = of the citizens of the Gandharva planet
gandhaan.h = smellsgariimaa = (f) superiority
gangaa = river Ganga

gangaasaagara = the sea of Ganga (banks of the Ganges)

gaN.h = to count, to consider
gaNa = Number
gaNadevatA* = {As} f. pl. troops of deities who generally appear in classes (dityas,
Vis'vas, Vasus, Tushitas, bhsvaras, Anilas, Mahrjikas, Sdhyas, and Rudras)
gaNakarishhiH = the rishi of this stotra is gaNaka
gaNanaa = consideration
gaNapataye = to gaNapati
gaNapati = gaNaanaaM pathiH or lord of groups (of devas)
gaNapatiM = Ganesh
gaNapatirdevataa = the god of this stotra
gaNapatii = god of luck and wisdom
gaNayati = (10 up) to count
gaNita = mathematics
gaNeshavidyaa = the knowledge of gaNeshha

gaNDa = the cheek

garbha = womb * = m. (%{grabh} = %{grah}, `" to conceive "'; 2. %{gRR} Un2. iii, 152)
the womb RV. AV. &c.; the inside, middle, interior of anything, calyx (as of a lotus) MBh.
VarBr2S. &c. (ifc. f. %{A}, `" having in the interior, containing, filled with "'
S3a1n3khS3r. RPra1t. MBh. &c.) [349,3]; an inner apartment, sleepingroom L.; any
interior chamber, adytum or sanctuary of a temple &c. VarBr2S. RTL. p. 445; a foetus or
embryo, child, brood or offspring (of birds) RV. AV. &c.; a woman's courses Vishn2.; `"
offspring of the sky "' i.e. the fogs and vapour drawn upwards by the rays of the sun
during eight months and sent down again in the rainy season (cf. Mn. ix, 305) R. iv, 27, 3
VarBr2S. Ba1lar. viii, 50; the bed of a river (esp. of the Ganges) when fullest i.e. on the
fourteenth day of the dark half of the month Bha1dra or in the height of the rains (the
Garbha extends to this point, after which the Ti1ra or proper bank begins, and extends
for 150 cubits, this space being holy ground); the situation in a drama when the
complication of the plot has reached its height Das3ar. i, 36 Sa1h. vi, 68 and 79; the
rough coat of the Jaka fruit L.; fire L.; joining, union L.; N. of a R2ishi (called
Pra1ja1patya) Ka1t2h.; [cf. %{amRta-}, %{ardha-}, %{kRSNa-}, %{mUDha-}, %{vizva-},
%{hiraNya-}; cf. also $; Hib. {cilfin}, `" the belly "'; Angl. Sax. {hrif}; Germ. {kalb}:
Engl. {calf}.]
garbhaM = pregnancy
garbhaH = embryo
garbhapiNDa = an embryo
garbhaasana = the foetus posture

garbhiNii = (f) a pregnant woman

garbhin* mfn. pregnant, impregnated or filled with (acc. S3Br.vi, viii f. xi; or instr., xiv,
9, 4, 21) RV. iii, 29, 2 TS. (f. pl. %{garbhi4Nayas}, ii, 1, 2, 6; cf. Pa1n2. 7-3, 107 Pat.) &c.;
(%{iNI}), a pregnant woman Mn. Ya1jn5. i, 105 MBh. &c.; pregnant (as an animal)
VarBr2S. lxvii, 1O (cf. Un2. iii, 152); ifc. with words denoting animals (e.g. %{gogarbhiNI}, a pregnant cow) Pa1n2. 2-1, 71.
garda = Dark shade
gardabha = donkey
gardabhaH = (m) donkey
Garhapatya: the fire from which sacrificial fires are lighted.
garhaNa* = mfn. containing a blame (as a question) Kaths. lxxxiii; n. censuring,
censure, blame, reproach MBh. xii, 9153 R. Sarvad. iv, 1; (in rhet.) Sh. vi, 174 and 190;
({A}) f. id. MBh. iii, 1283; {-NAM-yA}, to meet with reproach Mn. ii, 80.
garhaNIya* = mfn. to be blamed, blamable Yj. i, 86 MBh. i, 3604; iii, 3888. [350,3]
garhaa * = f. censure, abuse MBh. Pn. Pacat.; disgust exhibited in speech Sh. iii,
180.gariiyaan.h = glorious
gariiyaH = better
gariiyas mfn. (TBr. i; compar. fr. %{guru4} Pa1n2. 6-4, 157) heavier W.; extremely

heavy R. vi; greater than (abl.) MBh. xiv, 255; more precious or valuable, dearer than
(abl.) Gaut. Mn. MBh. &c.; extremely important, i, 8426; very honourable Pan5cat.;
highly venerable, more venerable than (abl.) Mn. Ya1jn5. MBh. &c.; dearer than (abl.),
dearer MBh. &c.; worse, i, 1886 Ca1n2.
gariiyasa mfn. dearer than (instr.) MBh. i, 67, 114.
gariiyase = who are better
gariiyastara mfn. greater MBh. vii, 5324.
gariiyastva n. great weight Katha1s. lxxiv, 192; importance MBh. R. Ka1m.
garj.h = to thunder
garjanam.h = thundering sound
garta = (m) pit, trench, cavity
garuDa = eagle
garuDaasana = the eagle posture
garva = vanity
garvaM = arrogance/haughtiness
gata *= gata. gone, gone away, departed, departed from the world, deceased, dead RV. i,

119, 4 AV. &c.; past (as time), gone by Mn. viii, 402 MBh. &c.; disappeared (often in
comp.) Mn. vii, 225 MBh. &c.; come, come forth from (in comp. or abl.) R. iv, 56, 10
Kaths. ii, 11; come to, approached, arrived at, being in, situated in, contained in (acc. or
loc. or in comp. e.g. {sabhAM g-}, `" come to an assembly "' Mn. viii, 95; {kAnyakubje g}, gone to Knyakubja Pacat. v; {ratha-g-}, sitting or standing in a carriage R. iii;
{Adya-g-}, {turya-g-}, {antya-g-}, taking the first, fourth, last place; {sarva-g-}, spread
everywhere Nal. ii, 14) RV. i, 105, 4 AV. x, 10, 32 S'Br. &c.; having walked (a path acc.);
gone to any state or condition, fallen into (acc. or loc. or in comp. e.g. {kSayaM} or {-ye
g-}, gone to destruction; {Apad-g-}, fallen into misfortune Mn. ix, 283) TUp. Mn. &c.;
relating to, referring to, connected with (e.g. {putra-g- sneha}, love directed towards the
son R. i; {tvad-g-}, belonging to thee); walked (a path), frequented, visited RV. vii, 57, 3
R. Kum.; spread abroad, celebrated MBh. iii; `" known, understood "', having the
meaning of (loc.) L.; n. going, motion, manner of going MBh. iv, 297 R. S'ak. vii, 7 Vikr.
&c.; the being gone or having disappeared Cn.; the place where any one has gone Pn.
Ks'.; anything past or done, event W.; diffusion, extension, celebration ChUp. vii, 1, 5;
manner Pn. 1-3, 21 Vrtt. 5.
gata(H) = (Masc.Nom.S)having gone or the person who has gone
gataM = reached (past part.)
gataH = returned
gatachintaa = thinking of
gatarasaM = tasteless

gatavati = while gone

gatavyathaaH = freed from all distress
gatasangasya = of one unattached to the modes of material nature
gataa = became
gataaH = having achieved
gataagataM = death and birth
gataasuun.h = gata + asuun.h:departed life (dead people)
gati = the movement; gati* = f. going, moving, gait, deportment, motion in general RV. v,
64, 3 VS. TS. &c.; manner or power of going; going away Yj. iii, 170; procession,
march, passage, procedure, progress, movement (e.g. {astra-g-}, the going or flying of
missile weapons R. v; {parAM gatiM-gam}, `" to go the last way "', to die; {daiva-g-}, the
course of fate R. vi Megh. 93; {kAvyasya g-}, the progress or course of a poem R. i, 3, 2);
arriving at, obtaining (with gen. loc., or ifc.) S'Br. ix MBh. &c.; acting accordingly,
obeisance towards (loc.) p. i, 13 f.; path, way, course (e.g. {anyatarAM gatiM-gam}, `"
to go either way "', to recover or die s'vS'r.) R. Bhag. &c.; a certain division of the
moos path and the position of the planet in it (the diurnal motion of a planet in its
orbit?) VarBriS.; issue Bhag. iv, 29; running wound or sore Sus'r.; place of issue, origin,
reason ChUp. i, 8, 4 f. Mn. i, 110 R. Mudr.; possibility, expedient, means Yj. i, 345 R. i
Mlav. &c.; a means of success; way or art, method of acting, stratagem R. iii, vi; refuge,
resource Mn. viii, 84 R. Kaths. Vet. iv, 20; cf. RTL. p. 260; the position (of a child at
birth) Sus'r.; state, condition, situation, proportion, mode of existence KathhUp. iii, 11

Bhag. Pacat. &c.; a happy issue; happiness MBh. iii, 17398; the course of the soul
through numerous forms of life, metempsychosis, condition of a person undergoing this
migration Mn. Yj. MBh. &c.; manner s'vGri. i Sch.; the being understood or meant
Pat.; (in gram.) a term for prepositions and some other adverbial prefixes (such as
{alam} &c.) when immediately connected with the tenses of a verb or with verbal
derivatives (cf. {karmapravacanIya}) Pn. 1-4, 60 ff.; vi, 2, 49 ff. and 139; viii, 1, 70 f.; a
kind of rhetorical figure Sarasv. ii, 2; a particular high number Buddh.; `" Motion "'
(personified as a daughter of Kardama and wife of Pulaha) BhP. i, v, 1; m. N. of a son of
Anala Hariv. i, 3, 43.
gatiM = progress, V*= destination, position, way, progress, path
gatiH = entrance
gatra = body
gatvaa = attaining
gavaakshaH = (m) window, an opening for ventilation
gaurava = glory *= mfn. relating or belonging to a Guru or teacher BhP. i, 7, 46 ; m. N.
of a poisonous plant Gal. ; n. (g. %{pRthv-Adi}) weight, heaviness MBh. R. &c. ; difficulty
Car. iii, 4 ; heaviness in argumentation, cumbrousness, needless multiplication of causes
Sarvad. ii, xi f. KapS. i, 89 Sch. ; length (in prosody), S3rut. &c. ; importance, high value
or estimation R. &c. ; gravity, respectability, venerableness A1p. Mn. ii, 145 MBh. &c. ;
respect shown to a person (e.g. %{mAtR-gauravAt}, `" out of respect for one's mother "'
Pan5cat.) R. S3ak. &c.

gata *= mfn. gone, gone away, departed, departed from the world, deceased, dead RV. i,
119, 4 AV. &c.; past (as time), gone by Mn. viii, 402 MBh. &c.; disappeared (often in
comp.) Mn. vii, 225 MBh. &c.; come, come forth from (in comp. or abl.) R. iv, 56, 10
Katha1s. ii, 11; come to, approached, arrived at, being in, situated in, contained in (acc.
or loc. or in comp. e.g. %{sabhAM@g-}, `" come to an assembly "' Mn. viii, 95; %
{kAnyakubje@g-}, gone to Ka1nyakubja Pan5cat. v; %{ratha-g-}, sitting or standing in a
carriage R. iii; %{Adya-g-}, %{turya-g-}, %{antya-g-}, taking the first, fourth, last place;
%{sarva-g-}, spread everywhere Nal. ii, 14) RV. i, 105, 4 AV. x, 10, 32 S3Br. &c.; having
walked (a path acc.); gone to any state or condition, fallen into (acc. or loc. or in comp.
e.g. %{kSayaM} or %{-ye@g-}, gone to destruction; %{Apad-g-}, fallen into misfortune
Mn. ix, 283) TUp. Mn. &c.; relating to, referring to, connected with (e.g. %{putra-g@sneha}, love directed towards the son R. i; %{tvad-g-}, belonging to thee); walked (a
path), frequented, visited RV. vii, 57, 3 R. Kum.; spread abroad, celebrated MBh. iii; `"
known, understood "', having the meaning of (loc.) L.; n. going, motion, manner of going
MBh. iv, 297 R. S3ak. vii, 7 Vikr. &c.; the being gone or having disappeared Ca1n2.; the
place where any one has gone Pa1n2. Ka1s3.; anything past or done, event W.; diffusion,
extension, celebration ChUp. vii, 1, 5; manner Pa1n2. 1-3, 21 Va1rtt. 5.
gava *= 1 in comp. before a word beginning with a vowel [Pa1n2. 6-1 , 123 f.] and ifc. [v ,
4 , 92 and vi , 2 , 72 ; f. %{I} cf. %{guru-gavI4} , %{brahma-gavI} , %{brAhmaNa-} , %
{bhilla-} , %{strI-}] for %{go4} , a cow , cattle (cf. %{SaD-gava4} , %{dvAdaza-gava4}
&c.) ; %{I}) for %{go4} , a cow , cattle (see before) ; speech S3is3. ii , 68.
gauravaM = respect *= mfn. relating or belonging to a Guru or teacher BhP. i , 7 , 46 ;
m. N. of a poisonous plant Gal. ; n. (g. %{pRthv-Adi}) weight , heaviness MBh. R. &c. ;
difficulty Car. iii , 4 ; heaviness in argumentation , cumbrousness , needless
multiplication of causes Sarvad. ii , xi f. KapS. i , 89 Sch. ; length (in prosody) , S3rut.

&c. ; importance , high value or estimation R. &c. ; gravity , respectability ,

venerableness A1p. Mn. ii , 145 MBh. &c. ; respect shown to a person (e.g. %{mAtRgauravAt} , `" out of respect for one's mother "' Pan5cat.) R. S3ak. &c.
gautama* = mf({I})n. relating to Gotama (with {pada-stobha} m. pl.N. of a Sman); m.
patr. fr. Gotama (N. of Kus'ri, Uddlaka, Aruna S'Br.; of S'aradvat Hariv. Mriicch. v, 30
VP.; of S'ata7nanda L.; of S'kya-muni; of Nodhas and Vma-deva RAnukr.; of a teacher
of ritual Lthy. s'vS'r. s'vGri.; of a grammarian TPrt. Lthy. [with the epithet
{sthavira}]; of a legislator Yj. i, 5; the father of Ekata, Dvita, and Trita MBh. ix, 2073);
(= {got-}) N. of the first pupil of the last Jina (one of the three Kevalins); N. of a Nga
(also {-maka}) DivyA7v. ii; m. pl. Gautama's family Hariv. 1788 Pravar.; a kind of
poison L.; n. N. of several Smans rshBr. Lthy. iv, 6, 16; fat (cf. {bhAradvAja}, `" bone
"') L.; ({gau4tamI}) f. (ganas {gaurA7di} and {zArGgaravA7di}) a female descendant of
Gotama (N. of Kriip Hariv. BhP.; of Mah-prajpat Lalit. vii, xv) MBh. xiii, 17 ff. S'ak.;
N. of Durg Hariv. 10236; of a Rkshas L.; of a river (= {go-dAvarI}, or {go-matI})
MBh. xiii, 7647 R. vi, 2, 27; the bile-stone of cattle ({go-rocanA}) L.; = {rAjanI} L.
gavi = in the cow
geya = that which can be sung * = mfn. (Pn. 3-1, 97 Ks'.) to be sung, being sung or
praised in song Lthy. Hariv. Pn. 3-4, 68 BhP. x; singing, singer of (gen.) Pn. 3-4, 68;
n. a song, singing MBh. R. Megh. &c. (said of the flies) humming Pacat. i, 15, 8/9); cf.
{AzIr-}, {prAtar-}.
geyaM = is to be sung
gehe = in the house

gehenardin * = mfn. `" shouting defiance at home "', id. ib. Bhathth. v, 41.
ghRNa = heat, ardour, sunshine, through heat or sunshine; a warm feeling towards
others, compassion, tenderness; aversion, contempt; horror, disgust; a kind of cucumber
ghaaTa * =mfn. (%{ghaT}) `" working on "' see %{danta-}; = %{ghATA} (or %{-Te}) %
{yasyA7sti} (or %{-sya@stas}) g. %{arza-Adi} (not in Ka1s3.); n. management of an
elephant Gal.; m. for %{ghaTa} (a pot) Hariv. 16117 (C); the nape or back of the neck,
cervical ligament L.; (%{A}) f. id. Car. i, 17, 17 Sus3r. vi, 25, 11 (cf. g. %{arza-Adi}) (cf. %
{kara-}.) //2 ghaata = mfn. (%{han} Pa1n2. 7-3, 32 and 54) ifc. `" killing "' see %
{amitra-}, %{go-}; m. a blow, bruise MBh. R. &c.; slaying, killing Mn. x, 48 Ya1jn5.
MBh. &c.; injuring, hurting, devastation, destruction Ya1jn5. ii, 159 MBh. &c.; (see %
{grAma-} & %{karma-}); (in astron.) entrance Su1ryapr. AV. Paris3.; the product (of a
sum in multiplication) Gan2it.
ghanaaya *= Nom. A1. %{-yate}, to be found in great numbers Un2. i, 108 Sch.
ghanadhAtu* = m. `" inspissated element of the body "', lymph L
ghaTa = pot * = mfn. intently occupied or busy with (loc.) Pa1n2. 5-2, 35; = %
{ghaTA@yasyA7sti} g. %{arza-Adi}; m. a jar, pitcher, jug, large earthen water-jar,
watering-pot Mn. viii, xi Ya1jn5. iii, 144 Amr2itUp. MBh. &c.; the sign Aquarius
VarBr2S.; a measure = 1 Dron2a (or = 20 Dron2as W.) Asht2a7n3g. v, 6, 28 S3a1rn3gS.
i, 28; the head MBh. i, 155, 38 Sch.; a part of a column VarBr2S. liii, 29; a peculiar form
of a temple, lvi, 18 and 26; an elephant's frontal sinus L.; a border L.; (= %{kumbha4})
suspending the breath as a religious exercise L.; (along with %{karpara} cf. %{karpara}) N. of a thief Katha1s. lxiv, 43; (%{A}) f. (gan2as %{arza-Adi}, %{sidhmA7di}

and %{picchA7di}) effort, endeavour L.; an assembly L.; a number, collection,

assemblage BhP. iii, 17, 6 Kpr. vii, 11/12; a troop (of elephants) assembled for martial
purposes Ma1lati1m. v, 19 VarBr2S. xliii S3is3. i, 64 Katha1s. Ra1jat.; justification (%{TAm-aT}, `" to have one's self justified by another "') Bhadrab. iv; (perhaps %{-Ta}, m.)
a kind of drum; a sweet citron L.; (%{I}) f. a waterjar Prab. ii, 7/8; (also %{-Ti} q.v.; cf.
%{-TI-ghaTa}) a period of time (= 24 minutes) Sch. on Ya1jn5. ii, 100-102 and on
Su1ryas. i, 25; the Ghari1 or Indian clock (plate of iron or mixed metal on which the
hours are struck) L.; a particular procession PSarv. (cf. %{dur-}, %{bhadra-}.)
ghaTaH = (m) earthen pot
ghaTaka = component
ghaTi = Hour
ghataH = (m) earthen pot
ghatii = (f) clock, watch
ghana = dark, ghana also means cloud *= mf(%{A4})n. (%{han}) a striker , killer ,
destroyer RV. i , 4 , 8 ; iii , 49 , 1 ; iv , 38 , 1 ; viii , 96 , 18 ; compact , solid , material ,
hard , firm , dense , i , 8 , 3 (%{ghanA4} for %{-na4m@A4}) Sus3r. &c. ; coarse , gross ;
viscid , thick , inspissated Sus3r. Bhartr2. Katha1s. xxiv , 93 ; full of (in comp.) , densely
filled with (in comp.) MBh. i , xiii Ragh. viii , 90 Ratna7v. iv , 2 ; uninterrupted Pan5cat.
iii , 14 , 11 ; dark (cf. %{-zyAma}) BhP. iv , 5 , 3 ; deep (as sound ; colour) MBh. i , 6680
VarBr2S. xliii , 19 ; complete , all Katha1s. iv , 53 ; auspicious , fortunate W. ; m. (= $)
slaying RV. vi , 26 , 8 ; an iron club , mace , weapon shaped like a hammer , i , 33 , 4 ; 36

, 16 ; 63 , 5 ; ix , 97 , 16 AV. x , 4 , 9 ; any compact mass or substance (generally ifc.)

S3Br. xiv &c. (said of the foetus in the 2nd month Nir. xiv , 6 Laghuj. iii , 4) ; ifc. mere ,
nothing but (e.g. %{vijJAna-ghana4} , `" nothing but intuition "' S3Br. xiv) Ma1n2d2Up.
5 Pras3nUp. v , 5 BhP. viii f. (cf. %{ambu-} , %{ayo-}) ; a collection , multitude , mass ,
quantity W. ; vulgar people Subh. ; a cloud MBh. &c. (ifc. f. %{A} Hariv. 2660) ; talc L. ;
the bulbous root of Cyperus Hexastachys communis Sus3r. vi ; a peculiar form of a
temple Hcat. ii , 1 , 389 ; a particular method of reciting the RV. and Yajur-veda (cf.
RTL. p. 409) ; the cube (of a number) , solid body (in geom.) Laghuj. Su1ryas. ; phlegm
(%{kapha}) L. ; the body L. ; extension , diffusion W. ; n. any brazen or metallic
instrument or plate which is struck (cymbal , bell , gong , &c.) Hariv. 8688 ; iron L. ; tin
L. ; a mode of dancing (neither quick nor slow) L. ; darkness L. ; (%{am}) ind. closely
Ratna7v. iii 9 ; (%{dhvan} , to sound) deep Ra1jat. v , 377 ; very much W. ; (%{A}) f. N. of
a stringed instrument ; Glycine debilis L. ; a kind of creeper L.
ghanasama = Like cloud
ghanishha = well-built
ghaatayati = causes to hurt
ghaatukaH = (m) butcher
ghna * = mf({A} MBh. xiii, 2397 Hariv. 9426; {I} f. of 2. {han} q.v.)n. ifc. striking with
Mn. viii, 386; killing, killer, murderer, ix, 232 MBh. R. iii; destroying Mn. viii, 127 Yj.
i, 138 R. i BhP. iv; removing Mn. vii, 218 Hariv. 9426 Sus'r.; multiplied by VarBriS. li, 39
Sryas. (f. {I}); n. ifc. `" killing "' see {a4hi-}, {parNaya-ghna4} (cf. {artha-}, {arzo-},
{kAsa-}, {kula-}, {kuSTha-}, {kRta-}, {kRmi-}, {gara-}, {guru-}, {go-}, {jvara-},

{puruSa-}, &c.) ghna4t * = mfn. pr. p. {han} q.v.

ghora = horrible * = mf({A4})n. (cf. {ghur}) venerable, awful, sublime (gods, the
Angiras, the Riishis) RV. AV. ii, 34, 4; terrific, frightful, terrible, dreadful, violent,
vehement (as pains, diseases, &c. ) VS. AV. TS. ii S'Br. xii &c. (in comp., g.
{kASThA7di}); ({am}) ind. `" dreadfully "', very much g. {kASTA7di}; m. `" the terrible
"', S'iva L. (cf. {-ghoratara}); N. of a son of Angiras S'nkhBr. xxx, 6 s'vS'r. xii, 13, 1
ChUp. MBh. xiii, 4148; ({A}) f. the night L.; N. of a cucurbitaceous plant L.; (scil. {gati})
N. of one of the 7 stations of the planet Mercury VarBriS. vii, 8 and 11; ({I}) f. N. of a
female attendant of Durg W.; ({a4m}) n. venerableness VS. ii, 32; awfulness, horror
AV. S'Br. ix Kaus'. BhP. iv, 8, 36 Gobh. ii, 3 Sch.; `" horrible action "', magic formulas or
charms RV. x, 34, 14 s'vS'r. S'nkhS'r. R. i, 58, 8 [379,3]; a kind of mythical weapon
MBh. v, 3491; poison L.; saffron L. (cf. {dhIra} and {gaura}).
ghore = ghastly
ghoshha = noise
ghoshthha* =m. (n. L.; fr. {stha} Pn. 8-3, 97) an abode for cattle, cow-house, cow-pen,
fold for cattle RV. VS. AV. &c.; stable or station of animals (in general Pn. 5-2, 29 Vrtt.
3) MBh.; meeting-place, xii, 6547 (= 9953); with {aGgirasAm}N. of a Sman TndyaBr.
xiii; {apA4M g-}, a water-vessel AV. xi, 1, 13; `" refuge (of men) "', S'iva MBh. xiv, 198;
N. of an author Buddh.; n. = {-SThI-zrAddha} Kull. on Mn. iii, 254; ({A}) f. a place
where cows are kept Ganar. 56 Sch.; ({I}) f. an assembly, meeting, society, association,
family connections (esp. the dependent or junior branches), partnership, fellowship
MBh. (metrically {-SThi}, v, 1536) &c.; conversation, discourse, dialogue Pacat. Kd.; a
kind of dramatic entertainment in one act Sh. vi, 274; N. of a village g. {palady-Adi}

(Ks'. Ganar. 325); {-karman} n. a rite relating to the cow-stable Kaus'. 19; {-kukkuTa}
m. a kind of crow Npr.; {-gocara} m. id. ib.; {-cara} m. a kind of hawk Gal.; {-ja} m. `"
born in a cow-pen "'N. of a Brhman PhithS.; {-pati} m. a chief herdsman L.; {-zva} m.
(fr. {zva4n}) `" a dog in a cow-pen which barks at every one "', one who stays at home
and slanders his neighbours, malicious or censorious person L.; {-SThA7gAra} m. n. a
house in a cow-pen L.; {-SThA7dhyakSa} m. = {-STha-pati} L.; {-SThA7STamI} f. N. of a
festive day (cf. {gopA7ST-}); {-SThe-kSveDin} &c. see s. v. {-SThe}. 2.
ghrita = purified butter, Hindi ghee
ghritaM = (Nr.nom. + acc. S) ghee; clarified butter
gheparaida = (m) a celebration of homosexuality
ghoshhaH = vibration
ghosha * = m. indistinct noise, tumult, confused cries of a multitude, battle-cry, cries of
victory, cries of woe or distress, any cry or sound, roar of animals RV. AV. &c.; the sound
of a drum, of a conchshell, of the Soma stones, of a carriage, &c. RV. AV. &c.; the
whizzing or whir of a bow-string [TBr. ii], crackling of fire [MBh. ix, 1334], singing in the
ear [S'Br. xiv]; the roaring of a storm, of thunder, of water, &c. RV. AV. Sus'r. Megh.; the
sound of the recital of prayers MBh. R. Mriicch. x, 12; the sound of words spoken at a
distance S'Br. ix; rumour, report (also personified KtyS'r. Sch.) RV. x, 33, 1; a
proclamation SaddhP. iv; a sound (of speech) ChUp. Sus'r.; the soft sound heard in the
articulation of the sonant consonants ({g}, {gh}, {j}, {jh}, {D}, {Dh}, {d}, {dh}, {b}, {bh},
{G}, {J}, {N}, {n}, {m}, {y}, {r}, {l}, {v}, {h}), the vowels, and Anusvra which with the
Yamas of the first 10 of the soft consonants make up altogether 40 sounds (cf. {a-gh-})

RPrt. xiii, 5 f. APrt. Sch. Pn. 1-1, 9 Sch.; an ornament that makes a tinkling sound
BhP. x, 8, 22; a station of herdsmen MBh. Hariv. R. &c. (ifc. cf. Pn. 6-2, 85); (pl.) the
inhabitants of a station of herdsmen MBh. iv, 1152; a particular form of a temple Hcat. ii,
1, 389; a musquito L.; Luffa foetida or a similar plant L.; N. of S'iva MBh. xii, 10386; N.
of a man (Sy.) RV. i, 120, 5; of an Asura Kthh. xxv, 8; of a prince of the Knva dynasty
BhP. xii, 1, 16; of a son of Daksha's daughter Lamb Hariv. 148 and 12480; of an Arhat
Buddh.; a common N. for a Kya-stha or one of the writer caste W.; m. pl. (g.
{dhUmA7di}) N. of a people or country VarBriS. xiv, 2; m. n. brass, bellmetal L.; ({A}) f.
Anethum Sowa L.; = {karkaTazRGgI} L.; N. of a daughter of Kakshvat RV. i, 117, 7; 122,
5 (? Impv. {ghuS}); x, 40, 5 (cf. {Atma-}, {indra-}, {uccair-}, &c.)
ghoshhayati = (10 up) to proclaim, announce
ghnataH = being killed
ghnii = destroying
ghoshaNa * = mfn. sounding BhP. iv, 5, 6; n. proclaiming aloud, public announcement
R. v, 58, 18 Hit. (v.l.); (ifc. Ragh. xii, 72); (%{A}) f. id. Mr2icch. x, 12 and 25 Pan5cat.
Das3. Katha1s.
ghraaNaM = smelling power
giiratha* = m. `" the vehicle of speech "' = {gir-Iza} L.
gila * = swallowing
gir.h = language

giraH = words
giraaM = of vibrations
gira* = 1 ifc. = 1. {gi4r}, speech, voice VarBriS. xxxii, 5; 1. ({A}) f. (g. {ajA7di} Ganar. 41
Sch.) id. L.
giri = mountain
girikandara = (neut) ravine
girijaa = paarvati
girish = God of mountain attributed to Lord Shiva
giri4s'a * =m. (g. {lomA7di}) `" inhabiting mountains "', N. of Rudra-S'iva VS. xvi, 4
(voc.) MBh. Ragh. Kum. &c.; N. of a Rudra RmatUp.; ({A}) f. = {-zAyikA} Sus'r. i, 46,
2, 14; N. of Durg Hariv. 9423 (v.l. {guhasya jananI}).
gir117s'a * =m. (= {-rI7ndra}) a high mountain; N. of the Himavat L.; `" mountain-lord
"', S'iva MBh. xiii, 6348 Kum.; one of the 11 Rudras Yj. ii, 102/103, 34; ({A}) f. N. of
Durg Hariv. 9424 (cf. {giri-zA}).
gi4riis'a * m. `" lord of &110071[355, 1] speech "'N. of Briihaspati (regent of the planet
Jupiter) L
gilati = to swallow

giirvaaNa *= (or %{-bANa}) , `" whose arrow is speech "' (a corruption fr. %{gi4rvaNas}) , a god , deity BhP. iii , viii f. Katha1s. cxvi f. ; %{-kusuma} n. `" flower of the
gods "' , cloves L. ; %{-pada-maJjari} f. N. of wk. ; %{-vartman} n. `" path of gods "' , the
sky Ka1d. ; %{-senApati} m. `" army-chief of the gods "'N. of Skanda Ba1lar. iv , 17 ; %{Ne7ndra-sarasvatI} m. N. of a teacher.
giita = (n) song* = mfn. ( {gai}) sung, chanted, praised in songs Mn. ix, 42 MBh. &c.; n.
singing, song VS. xxx TBr. iii S'Br. iii, vi p. &c.; N. of four hymns addressed to Kriishna;
({A}) f. a song, sacred song or poem, religious doctrines declared in metrical form by an
inspired sage (cf. Agastyaggta4. Bhagavad-ggta4 [often called Gt Prab. vi, 9/10
&c.], Rma-ggta4, S'iva-ggta4); N. of a metre.
giitakrama* = m. the arrangement of a song W.; = {varNa} L.
giitajJa* = mfn. versed in the art of singing, acquainted with songs Yj. iii, 116.
giitanRtya* = n. sg. song and dance R. i, 24, 5; a particular dance.
giitaka* = n. a song, hymn Yj. iii, 113 BhP. viii VP. (Sh. i, 2/3, 14) Kaths.; a kind of
metre ({narkuTaka}) VarBriS. civ, 52; melody (seven in number) MrkP. xxiii, 51 and 59
({ikA}) f. a short song or hymn MBh. iii, 8173 ({gAthikA} ed. Bomb.); a metre of 4 X 20
syllables; a stanza composed in the Gti metre Kaths. cxvii, 109 (with reference to 65 f.)
(cf. {daza-gItikA}.)
giitaM = described
giitaa = Shrimad.h Bhagavad.h gItA

glaaniH = discrepancies
glaayati = (1 pp) to fade
go = cow / bull * = {gau4s} (acc. {gA4m} instr. {ga4vA} dat. {ga4ve}, gen. abl. {go4s}
loc. {ga4vi}; du. {gA4vA} [Ved.], {gA4vau}; pl. nom. {gA4vas} acc. {gA4s} [rarely
{gA4vas} TBr. iii TUp. MBh. iv, 1506 R. ii] instr. {go4bhis} dat. abl. {go4bhyas}, gen.
{ga4vAm} [once at the end of a Pda RV. iv, 1, 19] and [in RV. at the end of Pdas only cf.
Pn. 7-1, 57] {go4nAm} loc. {go4Su}) m. an ox f. a cow, (pl.) cattle, kine, herd of cattle
RV. &c. (in comp. before vowels [cf. Pn. 6-1, 122 ff.] {gav}, {gava}, qq. vv.; cf. also
{gavAm}, {gavi}, {gAM} ss.vv.; {gavAM vrata}N. of a Sman; {gavAM tIrtha} see {go t-};
{go4Su-gam}, to set out for a battle [to conquer cows] RV. ii, 25, 4; v, 45, 9; viii, 71, 5); `"
anything coming from or belonging to an ox or cow "', milk (generally pl.), flesh (only pl.
RV. x, 16, 7; `" fat "' Gmn.), skin, hide, leather, strap of leather, bow-string, sinew (RV.
x, 27, 22 AV. i, 2, 3) RV.; = {go4-SToma} (q.v.) AitBr. iv, 15 S'Br. xiii ( also {go-Ayu4s});
(pl.) `" the herds of the sky "', the stars RV. i, 154, 6 and vii, 36, 1; (m. [also f. Un. Sch.])
rays of light (regarded as the herds of the sky, for which Indra fights with Vriitra) MBh. i,
iii Hariv. 2943 R. &c.; m. the sign Taurus VarBriS. xl f. VarBri. Laghuj.; the sun (cf. {putra}) Nir. ii, 6 and 14; the moon L.; a kind of medicinal plant ({RSabha}) L.; a singer,
praiser (fr. {gai}) Naigh. iii, 16; `" a goer "', horse (fr. 1. {gA}) Sy. on RV. i, 121, 9 and iv,
22, 8; N. of two Riishis of the SV. (with the patr. ngirasa [TndyaBr. xvi] and Myka);
N. of a man (who with Pushkara is said to be the {balA7dhyakSa} of the sons and
grandsons of Varuna) MBh. ii, 381 (cf. R. vii, 23, 28); m. or f. (?) the sus ray called
Sushumna Nir. ii, 6; water BhP. i, 10, 36 (also f. pl., xi, 7, 50); an organ of sense BhP. vii,
5, 30; the eye Kuval. 70; a billion TndyaBr. xvii, 14, 2; mf. the sky Naigh. i, 4 (perhaps
VS. xxiii, 48); the thunderbolt Sy. on RV. v, 30, 7; the hairs of the body L.; f. an offering
in the shape of a cow (= {dhenu} q.v.) W.; a region of the sky L.; (Naigh. i, 1) the earth (as

the milk-cow of kings) Mn. iv, xii MBh. R. &c.; (hence) the number `" nine "' Jyot.
Sryas.; = {go-vIthI} Sch. on VarBriS. ix, 1 ff.; a mother L. (cf. VarBriS. iii, 68); (Naigh.
i, 11) speech, Sarasvat (goddess of speech) MBh. i, iii, v Ragh. ii, v Cn.; voice, note (fr.
{gai}) S'is'. iv, 36; N. of Gaur Gal.; of the wife [or of a daughter-in-law BhP. ix, 21, 25] of
S'uka (a daughter of the manes called Suklas) Hariv. 986 MatsyaP.; N. of a daughter of
Kakut-stha and wife of Yayti Hariv. 1601; [cf. $; Lat. {bos}; Old Germ. {chuo}; Mod.
Germ. {Kuh}; Eng. {cow}; Lett. {gohw}; cf. also $, $; Goth. {gavi} and Mod. Germ.
{Gau}.]
gocara *= m. pasture ground for cattle A1pS3r. i, 2, 4 ; (R. iv, 44, 80) ; range, field for
action, abode, dwelling-place, district (esp. ifc. `" abiding in, relating to "' ; `" offering
range or field or scope for action, within the range of, accessible, attainable, within the
power "') Kat2hUp. iii, 4 Mn. x, 39 MBh. &c. ; the range of the organs of sense, object of
sense, anything perceptible by the senses, esp. the range of the eye (e.g. %{locanagocaraM-yA}, to come within range of the eye, become visible Pan5cat.) MBh. vii, 5616
Sus3r. Vikr. iv, 9 &c. [364,2] ; the distance of the planets from the Lagna and from each
other VarBr2S. civ, 2 Romakas. ; mf(%{A})n. being within the range of, attainable for
(gen.) BhP. iii, 25, 28 ; perceptible (esp. to the eye) MBh. xiii, 71, 33 and 91, 24 ; having
(or used in) the meaning of (loc.) L. Sch. ; %{-gata} mfn. one who has come within the
range of or in connection with (gen.) Bhartr2. ; %{-tA} f. the state of being liable to (in
comp.) Sarvad. iv, 253 ; %{-tva} n. id., 42 ; %{-prakaraNa}N. of wk. ; %{-phala}N. of
VarBr2S. civ ; %{-pIDA} f. inauspicious position of stars within the ecliptic VarBr2S. xli,
13 ; %{-rA7dhyAya} m. = %{-ra-phala} ; %{-rA7ntara-gata} mfn. being within the power
of (gen.) Pan5cat. ; %{-rI-kRta} mfn. within the range of observation Sa1h. iii, 28 a/b ;
overcome (by fatigue, %{glAnyA}) Hcar. v, 139.
gocaryaa * = f. seeking food like a cow BhP. xi, 18, 29

gokula* = n. a herd of kine MBh. R. &c.; a cow-house or station ib.; a village or tract on
the Yamun (residence of Nanda and of Kriishna during his youth BhP.; [RTL. p. 113]
the inhabitants of that place) BhP. ii, 7, 31; N. of a certain sanctuary or holy place Rjat.
v, 23; {-jit} m. N. of an author of the 17th century; {-nAtha} m. N. of the author of the
Padavkya-ratna7kara; of the author of the Rasa-maha7rnava; {-stha} m. pl.N. of a
Vaishnava sect; {-lA7STaka} n. N. of a poem; {-le7za} m. `" lord of the Gokula "'N. of
Kriishna Gal.; {-lo7dbhavA} f. N. of Durg L.
gola = globe
goloka * = m. (n., Tantr.), `" cow-world "', a part of heaven, or (in later mythol. RTL. 118
and 291) Kriishna's heaven MBh. xiii, 3195 (cf. 3347) Hariv. 3994 (cf. 3899) R. ii
BrahmaP.; {-varNana} n. N. of BrahmaP. iv, 4; of part of the Sad-siva-sanhit; of part
of SkandaP.
gomukha = musical instrument resembling a cow's face
gomukhaaH = horns
gomukhaasana = the cow-faced posture
gotra = family, race
gopa = cover, that which is not visible
gosa* = m. ({so}) = {-} L.; ({e}) loc. ind. (v.l. {go-ze}) at day-break L. Sch.; (in Prkriit
Hl.)

gosa* =2 m. myrrh L.
goshaa* = mfn. ({sA} = {san} Ks'. on Pn. 3-2, 67 and viii, 3, 108 = {-Sa4Ni} RV. ix, 2,
10; 16, 2; 61, 20; x, 95, 3. [367,2]
goshthhika* = mfn. relating to an assemblage or society Pacat. i, 14.
goshthhe* = loc. of {-STha4} q.v.; {-kSveDin} mfn. `" bellowing in a cow-pen "', a
boasting coward, g. {pAtre-samitA7di} and {yuktA7rohy-Adi}; {-paTu} mfn. `" clever in
a cow-pen "', a vain boaster ib.; {-paNDita} mfn. id. ib.; {-pragalbha} mfn. `"
courageous in a cow-pen "', a boasting coward ib.; {-vijitin} mfn. `" victorious in a cowpen "' id. ib.; {-zaya} mfn. sleeping in a cow-stable Yj. iii, 263; {-zUra} m. a hero in a
cow-pen, boasting coward g. {pAtre-samitA7di} and {yuktA7rohy-Adi}.
goshthhya* = ({go4-}) mfn. being in a cow-stable VS. xvi, 44. 1.
gostana* = m. a cow's dug MBh. iii, 32, 4; a cluster of blossoms, nosegay W.; a pearl
necklace consisting of 4 (or of 34 W.) strings L.; a kind of fort; ({I}) f. a kind of red grape
Bhpr. v, 6, 108; N. of one of the mothers attending on Skanda MBh. ix, 2621; {-nA7kAra}
mfn. shaped like cow's dug Sus'r. ii, vi Bhpr. v; {-nI-sava} m. a kind of wine Npr.
goshthoma* = ({go4-}) m. ({sto4ma} Pn. 8-3, 105 Ks'.) an Eka7ha ceremony forming
part of the Abhiplava which lasts 6 days (also called {go4} q.v.) TS. vii Lthy. x (cf. AitBr.
iv, 15 and {-stoma}.) 1.
goshthhaana* = mfn. ({sth-}) serving as an abode for cows VS. i, 25.
goshthhI* = f. of {-STha4} q.v.; {-pati} m. the chief person or president of an assembly

W.; {-bandha} m. meeting for conversation Kd. v, 825; {-yAna} m. a society-carriage

Mriicch. vi, 4; {-zAlA} f. a meeting-room; {-zrAddha} n. a kind of S'rddha ceremony
Kull. on Mn. iii, 254 (RTL. p. 305).
gostoma* = m. (Pn. 8-3, 105 Ks'.) = {-SToma} s'vS'r. ix, 5, 2.
gosthaana* = n. a station for cattle, cow-pen Hariv. 3397 (cf. {-SThA4na}.)
goshthha* = m. (n. L.; fr. {stha} Pn. 8-3, 97) an abode for cattle, cow-house, cow-pen,
fold for cattle RV. VS. AV. &c.; stable or station of animals (in general Pn. 5-2, 29 Vrtt.
3) MBh.; meeting-place, xii, 6547 (= 9953); with {aGgirasAm}N. of a Sman TndyaBr.
xiii; {apA4M g-}, a water-vessel AV. xi, 1, 13; `" refuge (of men) "', S'iva MBh. xiv, 198;
N. of an author Buddh.; n. = {-SThI-zrAddha} Kull. on Mn. iii, 254; ({A}) f. a place
where cows are kept Ganar. 56 Sch.; ({I}) f. an assembly, meeting, society, association,
family connections (esp. the dependent or junior branches), partnership, fellowship
MBh. (metrically {-SThi}, v, 1536) &c.; conversation, discourse, dialogue Pacat. Kd.; a
kind of dramatic entertainment in one act Sh. vi, 274; N. of a village g. {palady-Adi}
(Ks'. Ganar. 325); {-karman} n. a rite relating to the cow-stable Kaus'. 19; {-kukkuTa}
m. a kind of crow Npr.; {-gocara} m. id. ib.; {-cara} m. a kind of hawk Gal.; {-ja} m. `"
born in a cow-pen "'N. of a Brhman PhithS.; {-pati} m. a chief herdsman L.; {-zva} m.
(fr. {zva4n}) `" a dog in a cow-pen which barks at every one "', one who stays at home
and slanders his neighbours, malicious or censorious person L.; {-SThA7gAra} m. n. a
house in a cow-pen L.; {-SThA7dhyakSa} m. = {-STha-pati} L.; {-SThA7STamI} f. N. of a
festive day (cf. {gopA7ST-}); {-SThe-kSveDin} &c. see s. v. {-SThe}. 2.
go4shthha* =goSTha* = Nom. . (fr. 1. {-STha}) {-SThate}, to assemble, collect Dhtup.
viii, 4.

gosvaamin* = m. the master or possessor of a cow or of cows KtyS'r. Mn. viii, 231
VarBriS.; a religious mendicant (commonly {gosAin} cf. RTL. pp. 87; 135; 142; also
affixed as a honorary title to proper names e.g. {vopadeva-g-}); `" lord of cows "',
Kriishna W.; {-mi-sthAna} n. N. of a mountain peak in the middle of the Hima7laya W.
gorakshaasana = the cowherd posture
gotama* = ({go4-}) m. (superl.) N. of a Riishi belonging to the family of Angiras with the
patr. Rh-gana (author of RV. i, 74-93) RV. AV. S'Br. i, xi, xiv ShadvBr. &c.; (for {gaut}) N. of the chief disciple of Mah-vra; of a lawyer (cf. {gautama4}); of the founder of
the Nyya phil.; `" the largest ox "' and `" N. of the founder of Nyya phil. "' Naish. xvii,
75; N. of a son of Karnika Buddh.; ? MBh. xiii, 4490 (cf. {-dama}); m. pl. (Pn. 2-4, 65)
the descendants of the Riishi Gotama RV. s'vS'r. xii, 10 Lthy.; n. a kind of poison Gal.;
({I}) f. v.l. for {gaut-} in g. {gaurA7di}; {-gaura} m. = {gaura-gotama}, the white Gotama
Ganar. 89 Sch.; {-pRcchA} f. `" questions of (Mah-vra's pupil) Gotama (put forth in a
discussion with Prs'va's pupil Kes'in) "'N. of a Jain work; {-stoma} m. N. of an Eka7ha
sacrifice s'vS'r. S'nkhS'r. (cf. S'Br. xiii, 5, 1, 1); {-svAmin} m. Mah-vra's pupil
Gotama; {-mA7nvaya} m. N. of S'kya-muni L.; {-mI-putra} m. `" son of Gotam "'N. of
a king (50 B.C. or A.D.) Inscr. VyuP. MatsyaP.; {-me7zvara-tIrtha} n. N. of a Trtha
S'ivaP.
govinda = Lord KRishna
govindaM = Govinda
graamam.h = (n) village

graaha * =(Pn. 3-1, 143) mf({I})n. ifc. seizing, holding, catching, receiving Yj. ii, 51 R.
iv, 41, 38; taking (a wife) Yj. ii, 51 (cf. {karNa-}, {gila-}, {dhanur-}, {pANi-}, {pArSNi}, {vandi-}, {vyAla-}, {hasta-}); m. a rapacious animal living in fresh or sea water, any
large fish or marine animal (crocodile, shark, serpent, Gangetic alligator, water
elephant, or hippopotamus) Mn. vi, 78 MBh. &c. (ifc. f. {A}, iv, 2017; xvi R. ii); a
prisoner L.; the handle (of a sword &c.) Gal.; seizure, grasping, laying hold of Pacat. i,
10, 1 (v.l. for {graha}); morbid affection, disease S'Br. iii; paralysis (of the thigh, {UrugrAha4} AV. xi, 9, 12 [{ur-} MSS.] MBh. v, 2024 and vi, 5680); `" mentioning "' see
{nAma-}; fiction, whim Bhag. xvii, 19; conception, notion of (in comp.) Vajracch. 6 and
9; ({am}) ind. see s.v.; ({I}) f. a female marine animal or crocodile R. vi, 82, 73 ff.
graahakaH = (m) customer
graahaya = (verbal stem) to cause to be caught
graahaan.h = things
graaheNa = with endeavor
graahya = what is to be grasped * = mfn. to be seized or taken or held RV. x, 109, 3 Mn.
Yj. MBh. &c.; to be clasped or spanned Kaths. lxxiv, 217; to be captured or
imprisoned Yj. ii, 267 & 283 MBh. &c.; to be overpowered Prab. ii, 8/9; ({a-} neg.) R.
(B) iii, 33, 16; to be picked or gathered R. iv, 43, 29; to be received or accepted or gained
Mn. Yj. MBh. &c.; to be taken in marriage, xiii, 5091; to be received in a friendly or
hospitable manner, xii, 6282; to be insisted upon Kaths. xvii, 83; to be chosen or taken
account of Rjat. iv, 612; to be perceived or recognised or understood Mn. i, 7 MBh. &c.
(cf. {a-}); (in astron.) to be observed VarBriS.; to be considered R. v, vii VarBriS. lxi, 19;

to be understood in a particular sense, meant Vop. vi, 15 Pn. Sch.; to be accepted as a

rule or law, to be acknowledged or assented to, to be attended to or obeyed, to be
admitted in evidence Mn. viii, 78 Yj. MBh. &c.; to be undertaken or followed (a vow)
Kaths. vcii, 38; to be put (as confidence) in (loc.), lviii, 36; m. an eclipsed globe (sun or
moon) Sryas.; n. poison (NBD.; `" a present "' BRD.) L.; the objects of sensual
perception Yogas. i, 41; ({A}) f. archery exercise Gal. (cf. {dur-}, {suhha-}, {svayaM-}.)
graahya * mfn. to be taken or accepted, acceptable MBh. R. (cf. {a-pratig-}); one from
whom anything may be received MBh. (cf. {-gRhya} and Pn. ib.); m. N. of partic.
Grahas TBr. Sch.
graahyaM = accessible
graama* = m. an inhabited place, village, hamlet RV. i, x AV. VS. &c.; the collective
inhabitants of a place, community, race RV. x, 146, 1 AV. &c.; any number of men
associated together, multitude, troop (esp. of soldiers) RV. i, iii, x AV. iv, 7, 5 S'Br. vi, xii;
the old women of a family PrGri. i, 9, 3 Sch.; ifc. (cf. Pn. 6-2, 84) a multitude, class,
collection or number (in general) cf. {indriya-}, {guNa-}, {bhUta-}, &c.; a number of
tones, scale, gamut Pacat. v, 43 MrkP. xxiii, 52; = {indriya-} Jain.; m. pl. inhabitants,
people RV. ii, 12, 7; x, 127, 5; n. a village R. ii, 57, 4 Hcat. i, 7, 721/722; [cf. {ariSTa-},
{mahA-}, {zUra-}, {saM-}; cf. Hib. {gramaisg}, `" the mob "'; {gramasgar}, `" a flock.
"']
graamaka * = m. a small village Hcar. viii, 3; a village MBh. v, 1466; N. of a town
Buddh.; n. = %{-ma-caryA} BhP. iv, 25, 52.
graamya * = mfn. (Pa1n2. 4-2 , 94) used or produced in a village TS. v AitBr. vii , 7 , 1

Kaus3. ; relating to villages Mn. vii , 120 ; prepared in a village (as food) S3Br. ix , xii
Mn. vi , 3 ; living (in villages i.e.) among men , domesticated , tame (an animal) ,
cultivated (a plant ; opposed to %{vanya} or %{araNya} , `" wild "') RV. x , 90 , 8 AV. VS.
&c. ; allowed in a village , relating to the sensual pleasures of a village MBh. xii , 4069 R.
iii f. BhP. iv , vi [374,1] ; rustic , vulgar (speech) Va1m. ii , 1 , 4 ; (see %{-tA} and %{-tva})
; relating to a musical scale W. ; m. a villager Ya1jn5. ii , 166 MBh. xiii BhP. &c. ; a
domesticated animal see %{-mAMsa} ; = %{-ma-kola} W. ; n. rustic or homely speech
W. ; the Pra1kr2it and the other dialects of India as contra-distinguished from the
Sanskr2it W. ; food prepared in a village MBh. i , 3637 Ka1tyS3r. xxii Sch. ; sensual
pleasure , sexual intercourse MBh. ii , 2270 BhP. iv ; (%{A}) f. = %{-miNI} L. ; = %{-maja-niSpAvI} L.
graha = Planet * =(Pn. 3-3, 58; g. {vRSA7di}) mfn. ifc. (iii, 2, 9 Vrtt. 1) seizing, laying
hold of, holding BhP. iii, 15, 35 (cf. {aGkuza-}, {dhanur-}, &c.); obtaining, v, viii;
perceiving, recognising, iv, 7, 31; m. `" seizer (eclipser) "', Rhu or the dragos head
MBh. &c.; a planet (as seizing or influencing the destinies of men in a supernatural
manner; sometimes 5 are enumerated, viz. Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus, and Saturn
MBh. vi, 4566 f. R. i, 19, 2 Ragh. iii, 13 &c.; also 7 i.e. the preceding with Rhu and Ketu
MBh. vii, 5636; also 9 i.e. the sun [cf. S'Br. iv, 6, 5, 1 and 5 MBh. xiii, 913; xiv, 1175] and
moon with the 7 preceding Yj. i, 295 MBh. iv, 48 VarBriS.; also the polar star is called
a Graha, Garg. (Jyot. 5 Sch.); the planets are either auspicious {zubha-}, {sad-}, or
inauspicious {krUra-}, {pApa-} VarBriS.; with Jainas they constitute one of the 5 classes
of the Jyotishkas); the place of a planet in the fixed zodiac W.; the number `" nine "'; N.
of particular evil demons or spirits who seize or exercise a bad influence on the body and
mind of man (causing insanity &c.; it falls within the province of medical science to expel
these demons; those who esp. seize children and cause convulsions &c. are divided into 9
classes according to the number of planets Sus'r.) MBh. &c.; any state which proceeds

from magical influences and takes possession of the whole man BhP. vii, ix BrahmaP.
Hit. ii, 1, 20; a crocodile MBh. xvi, 142 (ifc. f. {A}) R. iv f. BhP. viii; any ladle or vessel
employed for taking up a portion of fluid (esp. of Soma) out of a larger vessel Mn. v, 116
Yj. i, 182; N. of the 8 organs of perception (viz. the 5 organs of sense with Manas, the
hands and the voice) S'Br. xiv NriisUp. i, 4, 3, 22; (= {gRha}) a house R. vii, 40, 30 (cf.
{a-}, {khara-}, {-druma} and {-pati}); `" anything seized "', spoil, booty MBh. iii, 11461
(cf. {-hA7luJcana}); as much as can be taken with a ladle or spoon out of a larger vessel,
ladleful, spoonful (esp. of Soma) RV. x, 114, 5 VS. TS. AitBr. S'Br. &c.; the middle of a
bow or that part which is grasped when the bow is used MBh. iv, 1351 ({su-}, 1326); the
beginning of any piece of music; grasp, seizing, laying hold of (often ifc.) Kaus'. 10 MBh.
&c.; keeping back, obstructing Sus'r.; imprisoning, imprisonment ({-haM-gam}, `" to
become a prisoner "' Km.) R. ii, 58, 2; seizure (by demons causing diseases e.g. {aGga}, spasm of the limbs) Sus'r.; seizure of the sun and moon, eclipse AV. xix, 9, 7 and 10
VarBriS.; stealing, robbing Mn. ix, 277 MBh. vi, 4458; effort Hit.; insisting upon,
tenacity, perseverance in (loc. or in comp.) BhP. vii, 14, 11 Naish. ix, 12 Kaths. Rjat.
viii, 226; taking, receiving, reception Mn. viii, 180 S'riingr.; taking up (any fluid);
choosing MBh. xii, 83, 12 Sh. vi, 136; `" favour "' see {-nigraha}; mentioning,
employing (a word) Mn. viii, 271 Pn. 7-1, 21, Kr. 2 Amar. Rjat.; apprehension,
perception, understanding Bhshp. BhP. Sarvad. Sch. on Jaim. and KapS.; ({Aya}) dat.
ind. = {gRhItvA} see {grah} (cf. {guda-}, {ziro-}, {hanu-}, {hRd-}.)
graaha * =m. a spittoon L.; accepting gifts W.
grahaNa * =mfn. ifc. seizing, holding Hariv. 2734; resounding in (?) S'ak. ii, 0/1, 6; n.
the hand L.; an organ of sense Yogas. i, 41; a prisoner MBh. xiii, 2051; a word mentioned
or employed (e.g. {vacana-}, `" the word {vacana} "') Pat. and Ks'.; seizing, holding,
taking S'Br. xiv Mn. ii, 317 MBh. &c.; taking by the hand, marrying, i, 1044; catching,

seizure, taking captive Mn. v, 130 MBh. &c.; seizure (as by a demon causing diseases),
demoniacal possession Hcat.; seizure of the sun or moon, eclipse p. i, 11 Yj. i, 218
VarBriS. &c.; gaining, obtaining, receiving, acceptance R. i, 3, 18 Pacat. Kaths. xci,
37; choosing Snkhyak. Prab. Sh. vi, 201; purchasing Pacat.; taking or drawing up
(any fluid) S'Br. iv KtyS'r.; the taking up of sound, echo W.; attraction Megh. Ragh. vii,
24 Pacat. v, 13, 5/6; putting on (clothes) MBh. ii, 840 Ragh. xvii, 21; assuming (a
shape) Yj. iii, 69 MBh. xiv Devm.; undertaking, devoting one's self to (in comp.) R. v,
76, 22 Pacat. [372, 3]; service BhP. iii, 1, 44; including Pn. Ks'.; mentioning,
employing (a word or expression) KtyS'r. Lthy. VPrt. Pn. Vrtt. Pat. and Ks'. Sh.
vi, 205; mentioning with praise, acknowledgment Sus'r.; assent, agreement W.;
perceiving, understanding, comprehension, receiving instruction, acquirement of any
science Mn. ii, 173 MBh. iii, xiv Ragh. &c.; acceptation, meaning Pn. 1-1, 68 Vrtt. 5
Pat. Ks'. and Siddh. on Pn.; ({I}) f. an imaginary organ supposed to lie between the
stomach and the intestines (the small intestines or that part of the alimentary canal
where the bile assists digestion and from which vital warmth is said to be diffused)
Sus'r.; = {-NI-gada} Ashtha7ng. iii, 8 Hcat. i, 7 (cf. {kara-}, {keza-}, {garbha-}, {cakSur}, {nAma-}, {pANi-}, {punar-}.)
grahatva * = n. = %{-tA} Hariv. BhP. v f. ; the state of a ladleful or spoonful Ka1t2h. ix,
16.
grAhita * = mfn. made to take or seize W.; made to accept or take (a seat &c.) Vikr. iii,
0/1 Das3. vii, 266 Katha1s. li, 71; made to undertake or to be occupied with (instr.) R.
(G) i, 7, 14; taught MBh. iii, 12195.
grantha *= m. tying, binding, stringing together L. ; = %{-thi4}, a knot TS. vi, 2, 9, 4

(v.l.) ; honeycomb Pa1n2. 4-3, 116 Va1rtt. ; an artificial arrangement of words (esp. of 32
syllables = %{zloka} Jain.), verse, composition, treatise, literary production, book in
prose or verse, text (opposed to %{artha} `" meaning "' VarBr2S. Va1kyap. Sarvad.) Nir.
i, 20 Pa1n2. MBh. Up. &c. ; a section (of Ka1t2h.) ; the book or sacred scriptures of the
Sikhs containing short moral poems by Na1nak Sha1h and others (cf. RTL. pp. 158-177) ;
wealth, property Jain. Sch. (cf. %{uttara-}, %{nir-}, %{SaD-}.)
granthaalayaH = (m) library
granthiH = (m) knot
granthii = a knot, obstruction in the chitrini
grasate = (1 pp) to swallow
grasana * = swallowing, devouring, a kind of partial eclipse of the sun or moon, seizing,
the mouth, jaws
grasamaanaH = devouring
grasishhNu = devouring
grasta* = mfn. swallowed, eaten Pacat.; taken, seized W.; surrounded or absorbed
Sus'r.; possessed (by a demon) Das'. iv Hit.; involved in MBh. xiii, 7292 R. iv, 50, 11;
tormented, affected by Yj. iii, 245 Pacat. &c.; eclipsed MBh. iii, 2667 R. &c.;
inarticulately pronounced, slurred RPrt. Lthy. Pn. S'. (RV.) 35 Pat.; ({a-} neg.)
ChUp.; n. inarticulate pronunciation of the vowels Pat. Introd. on Vrtt. 18.

grastaM = having been caught/seized *= mfn. swallowed , eaten Pan5cat. ; taken , seized
W. ; surrounded or absorbed Sus3r. ; possessed (by a demon) Das3. iv Hit. ; involved in
MBh. xiii , 7292 R. iv , 50 , 11 ; tormented , affected by Ya1jn5. iii , 245 Pan5cat. &c. ;
eclipsed MBh. iii , 2667 R. &c. ; inarticulately pronounced , slurred RPra1t. La1t2y.
Pa1n2. S3. (RV.) 35 Pat. ; (%{a-} neg.) ChUp. ; n. inarticulate pronunciation of the
vowels Pat. Introd. on Va1rtt. 18.
grathita * = mfn. strung, tied, bound, connected, tied together or in order, wound, arranged, classed
RV. ix, 97, 18 S3Br. xi MBh. &c.; set with, strewn with MBh. &c.; artificially composed or put together
(the plot of a play) S3ak. i, 1/2 Ma1lav. i, 1/2 Vikr.; closely connected with each other, difficult to be
distinguished from each other MBh. i, v, xii BhP. iv f.; having knots, knotty Sus3r. i f. iv; coagulated,
thickened, hardened, vi; hurt, injured L.; seized, overcome L.; n. the being strung Sch.; a tumor with hard
lumps or knots Sus3r. ii, 14, 1 and 4; iv, 21, 3.
grida * = (= %{guda4} ?), a part of a horse's hind quarter near the anus TS. vii, 4, 19, 1.
griddha * = mfn. desirous of, eagerly longing for (loc.) MBh.
griddhin * = mfn. ifc. eagerly longing for MBh. ; being very busy with (in comp.) Hariv. 3406.
griddhitva * = n. eagerly longing for (in comp.) MBh. v, 2591.
gridh cl. 4. P. %{gR4dhyati} (perf. 3. pl. %{jagRdhur} BhP. v, 4, 1 ; %{jAgRdhu4r} RV. ii, 23, 16 ;
aor. %{a4gRdhat} RV. x, 34, 4 ; fut. %{gardhiSyati} S3Br. iii ; pr. p. %{gR4dhyat} RV. iv, 38, 3 ; ind.
p. %{gRddhvA} BhP. x, 64, 40), to endeavour to gain RV. iv, 38, 3 AV. viii, 6, 1 ; to covet, desire,
strive after greedily, be desirous of or eager for (loc. [RV. AV. &c.] or acc. I1s3Up. MBh. iv, 276 BhP.
v, vi, x): Caus. P. %{gardhayati}, to be greedy Dha1tup. xxxii, 124 ; to make desirous or greedy Pa1n2.
1-3, 69 Ka1s3. ; A1. %{-yate}, to deceive, cheat ib. Bhat2t2. viii, 43: Intens. 2. sg. impf. %{ajarghAH}

Pa1n2. 8-3, 14 Ka1s3. ; [cf. %{anu-}, %{prati-} ; %{abhi-ghRdhna}, %{pra-gardhin} ; cf. also Old
Germ. {gir}: Mod. Germ. {gier}: Engl. {greedy} (?): Goth. {gredags}, {gaurs}: Hib. {greadaim}, `" I
burn "' ; {greadhnach}, `" joyful, glad "' ; {gradh}, `" love, charity ; dear "' ; {graidhneog}, `" a beloved
female "', &c.: Lith. {godus}, {gedu}: Slav. {glad}, `" hunger. "']

grihiita * = mfn. (%{grah}, but see %{gRbhAya}) grasped, taken, seized, caught, held,
laid hold of ChUp. A1s3vGr2. &c.; received, accepted; received hospitably (as a guest)
BhP. iii, 5, 19; obtained, gained; `" taken on one's self "' see %{-mauna}; mentioned
Pan5cat.; perceived, understood S3ak. (v.l.) Mudr.; received completely into one's mind
(opposed to %{adhI7ta}, `" studied "', but not successfully) Pa1n2. 2-3, 6 Ka1s3. BhP. i,
2, 12.
griJNjanakam.h = (n) carrot
griNanti = are offering prayers
griNaami = I hold
gRR\\1 cl. 9. P. A1. %{gRNA4ti}, %{-NIte4} (1. sg. A1. and 3. sg. Pass. %{gRNe4} RV.; 1.
sg. A1. %{gRNISe4} RV.; 2. pl. %{gRNa4tA} AV. v, 27, 9; p. P. %{gRNa4t} RV. &c.; A1.
& Pass. %{gRNAna4} RV.; Ved. inf. Impv. %{gRNISa4Ni} RV. vi, 15, 6 and viii, 12, 19),
to call, call out to, invoke RV. AV. S3Br. iv Bhag. xi, 21; to announce, proclaim RV.; to
mention with praise, praise, extol RV. BhP. xi, 13, 41 Bhat2t2. viii, 77; to pronounce,
recite MBh. vii, 1754 Ragh. BhP. i, 1, 14; to relate, teach in verses, 4, 9 Gan2it. i, 4, 5; [cf.
$, $; Hib. {goirim}; Old Germ. {quar}, {quir}, &c.; Old Pruss. {gerbu}, `" to speak "';
Angl. Sax. {gale}; Germ. {Nachtigal}; Lat. {gallus} ?]\\2 cl. 6. P. %{girati} or (cf. P. viii,
2, 21) %{gilati} (S3Br. i MBh. Sus3r.), ep. also A1. %{girate} (1. sg. %{gi4rAmi} AV. vi,
135, 3; perf. %{jagAra} RV.; aor. Subj. 3. pl. %{garan} RV. i, 158, 5), to swallow, devour,

eat RV. &c.; to emit or eject from the mouth MBh. xii, 12872: Caus. (aor. 2. sg. %
{ajIgar}) to swallow RV. i, 163, 7: Intens. %{jegilyate} Pa1n2. 8-2, 20: Desid. %
{jigariSati}, vii, 2, 75; [cf. 2. %{gal}, 2 %{gir}, %{gila}, 2. %{gIrNa4}; Lith. {gerru}, `" to
drink "'; Lat. {glu-tio}, {gula}; Slav. {gr-lo}; Russ. {z8ora}.]\\ = 3 (= 3. %{kRR}) cl. 10.
A1. %{gArayate}, to know Dha1tup. xxxiii, 33; to make known, teach ib.
gridhraH = (m) eagle
griha = house *= gRha m. an assistant, servant RV. x, 119, 13 ; (m. sg. and pl., in later
language m. pl. and n. sg.) a house, habitation, home RV. (%{mRn-ma4ya@g-}, `"
house of earth "', grave, vii, 89, 1) AV. (%{adharA4d@g-}, `" the lower world "', ii, 14, 3)
&c. ; (ifc. f. %{A} R. i, 5, 9 ; %{I} Pan5cat. i, 17, 5) ; ifc. with names of gods `" a temple "'
(cf. %{caNDikA-}, %{devatA-}), of plants `" a bower "' ; m. pl. a house as containing
several rooms RV. AV. &c. ; the inhabitants of a house, family S3Br. i BhP. iii, 2, 7
Katha1s. xx, 21 ; a wife Pa1n2. 3-1, 144 Ka1s3. ; m. a householder BhP. xi, 8, 9 ; n. a wife
Pan5cat. iii, 7, 13 ; a sign of the zodiac VarBr2S. vci, civ ; an astrological mansion
VarBr2. i, iv f. ; N. of the 4th astrological mansion, i, 16 ; a square (in chess or in any
similar game) Ka1d. i, 48 Pa1n2. 5-2, 9, Kaiy. ; a name, appellation L. (cf. %{anti-}, %
{bhumi-}, %{zayyA-}, %{su}) (cf. Zd. {geredha} ; Got. {gards} ; Lat. {hortus}.)
grihagodhikaa = (f) house lizard
grihapaaThaH = (m) homework
grihasthaaH = householders
grihaadishhu = home, etc

grihiita * = mfn. (%{grah}, but see %{gRbhAya}) grasped, taken, seized, caught, held,
laid hold of ChUp. A1s3vGr2. &c.; received, accepted; received hospitably (as a guest)
BhP. iii, 5, 19; obtained, gained; `" taken on one's self "' see %{-mauna}; mentioned
Pan5cat.; perceived, understood S3ak. (v.l.) Mudr.; received completely into one's mind
(opposed to %{adhI7ta}, `" studied "', but not successfully) Pa1n2. 2-3, 6 Ka1s3. BhP. i,
2, 12.
grihiitvaa = holding the
grihiitacetas*= mfn. one whose mind or heart is captivated BhP. vi, 18, 38.
grihiitavidya*= mfn. one who has acquired knowledge, learned W.
grihiiti*= f. `" seizing, taking "' (the hand, 1. {kara-}), and `" levying "' (taxes, 2. {kara-})
Hcar. iv, 23; perception Bdar. iii, 3, 16; taking anything to mean or understanding by
anything, 4, 23 Sch.
grihiitin*= mfn. one who has grasped &c. anything (loc.), g. {iSTA7di}.
grihiitri*= mfn. (for {grah-}) one who seizes L.
grihNan.h *V = accepting, exating, withdrawing, taking, chanting
grihNaati = to catch
grihyate = can be so controlled
grihyavat*= m mfn. having many adherents or partisans TndyaBr. xiii, 11, 13 Sch.

grihyaka*= mfn. domesticated (as animals) Pn. 3-1, 119 Ks'.

grihya*=1 ind. p. Ved. ifc., `" seizing by "' see {karNa-}, {pAda-}, and {hasta-gR4hya};
{haste-}. \\*=2 mfn. (fr. {grah}) to be grasped or taken AV. v, 20, 4 S'nkhGri. v, 2, 5;
perceptible S'vetUp. i, 13; ({a4-} neg.) S'Br. xiv; (Pn. 3-1, 119) `" to be taken together
with "' (in comp.), adhering to the party of (Ks'.), being in close relation to (as the lotus
to the moon) Kvya7d. ii, 179 Das'. vi; vii, 254 Kir. ii, 5 Bhathth. vi, 61; to be
acknowledged or admitted W.; to be adopted or trusted or relied on W.; = {ava-} Vop.
xxvi, 20; n. for {guhya} (anus) L.; ({A}) f. (Pn. 3-1, 119) ifc. being outside (of a town or
village, as {senA}, an army) Ks'.; a suburb L. \\*=3 mfn. (fr. {gRha4}) belonging to a
house, domestic (said of an Agni) TS. v MaitrS. AitBr. viii, 10, 9 Gobh. &c. (said of a
series of ceremonies relating to family or domestic affairs, such as marriages, births &c.,
and treated of in the Griihya-stras, q.v.); living in houses, domesticated (as animals) L.;
not free, dependent, ({a-} neg.) Bhathth. vi, 61; m. the domestic Agni S'nkhGri. v, 2, 5; a
domesticated animal L.; m. pl. the inmates of a house, domestics S'Br. ii f. xii KtyS'r.
PrGri. ii; n. a domestic rite Gaut.; a domestic rule or affair BhP. x, 8, 25 Hcat.; = {sUtra}; ({A}) f. domestic rites and the rules relating to them Griihys.
griivaM = neck
gu = darkness
guDa = jaggery
guDaH = (m) jaggery
guDaakesha = O Arjuna

guDaakeshaH = Arjuna, the master of curbing ignorance

guDaakeshena = by Arjuna
guha * m. (g. {azmA7di}) `" reared in a secret place "'N. of Skanda (the god; cf.
Krttikeya) MBh. iii, ix, xiii Hariv. 10478 Sus'r. Kum. &c.; N. of S'iva MBh. xiii, 1263; of
Vishnu W.; of a king of the Nishdas (friend of Rma) R. i f. vi Mcar. iv, 60/7; N.
belonging to persons of the writer caste W.; a horse (`" a swift horse "' W.) L.; m. pl.N. of
a people in the south of India MBh. xii, 7559 [360, 3]; (2. {gu4hA}) f. (ganas {vRSA7di}
and {bhidA7di}) a hiding-place, cave, cavern VS. xxx, 16 TBr. i MBh. &c. (ifc. f. {A}
Hcat. i, 7 and 10); (fig.) the heart S'vetUp. iii, 20 MBh. xii BhP. ii, 9, 24; Hemionitis
cordifolia Sus'r. i, 19, 27; v, 7, 1 (cf. {prati-g-}); Desmodium gangeticum L.; (3.
{gu4hA}), Ved. instr. ind. in a hiding-place, in secret, secretly (opposed to {Avi4s}, and
especially with {dhA}, {ni-dhA}, {kR}, `" to conceal, remove "') RV. AV. S'Br. xi, xiii.
guhyaka* = m. N. of a class of demi-gods who like the Yakshas are attendants of Kubera
(the god of wealth) and guardians of his treasures (they may have received their N. from
living in mountain caverns) Mn. xii, 47 MBh. Hariv. &c. (identified with Yakshas MBh. v,
7480 Megh. 5 &c.); the number `" eleven "' Sryas.; N. of Kubera L.; m. `" mystery "' see
{tathAgata-g-}.
gulma * = m. (rarely n. MBh. x BhP. viii, x) a cluster or clump of trees, thicket, bush,
shrub VS. xxv, 8 Mn. Yj. &c.; a troop or guard of soldiers, body of troops, division of
an army (consisting of 45 foot, 27 horse, 9 chariots, and 9 elephants MBh. i, 290; or of
135 foot, 81 horse, 27 chariots, and 27 elephants L.; cf. MBh. v, 5270) Mn. vii, ix MBh.
&c.; a fort, entrenchment W.; disciplining an army W.; m. a chronic enlargement of the
spleen or any glandular enlargement in the abdomen (as that of the mesenteric gland

&c.) Sus'r. VarBri. xxi, 8 Kaths. xv; the spleen L.; `" a wharf or stairs, Ghath "' see {tara-paNya}; ({I}) f. a cluster or clump of trees L.; the Myrobalan tree L.; jujube L.;
small cardamoms L.; a tent L.
guna = character
guNa = qualities * = m. ( {grah} Un.) a single thread or strand of a cord or twine (e.g.
{tri-g-} q.v.), string or thread, rope TS. vii Mriicch. Kum. Ragh.; a garland W.; a bowstring R. iii, 33, 16 ({cApa-}) Ragh. ix, 54 Riitus. Hit.; (in geom.) a sinew; the string of a
musical instrument, chord S'is'. iv, 57: ifc. (f. {A}) with numerals `" fold, times "' (see
{ca4tur-}, {tri-}, {daza-}, {dvi4-}, {paJca-}; rarely the numeral stands by itself along
with {guNa4} [e.g. {viziSTo dazabhir guNaiH}, `" of ten times higher value "' Mn. ii, 85]
AV. x, 8, 43 MBh. iii, 15649 Hariv. 509; [{guNa} = {bhAga}] Pn. 5-2, 47 Ks'.); a
multiplier, co-efficient (in alg.); subdivision, species, kind (e.g. {gandhasya guNAH}, the
different kinds of smell MBh. xii, 6847); the 6 subdivisions of action for a king in foreign
politics (viz. peace, war, march, halt, stratagem, and recourse to the protection of a
mightier king) Mn. vii, 160 Yj. i, 346 MBh. ii, 155; = {upA7ya} (q.v., denoting the 4
ways of conquering an enemy) R. v, 81, 41; `" requisite "' see {-No7pe7ta}; a secondary
element, subordinate or unessential part of any action (e.g. {sarva-g-} mfn. `" reaching
to all subordinate parts "', hence `" valid throughout "' KtyS'r.) S'nkhS'r. s'vS'r.
KtyS'r. R. v, 1, 71; an auxiliary act S'nkhBr. xxvi, 4; a secondary dish (opposed to
{anna} i.e. rice or the chief dish), side-dish Mn. iii, 224 ff.; (= {-karman}, in Gr.) the
secondary or less immediate object of an action Pn. 1-4, 51 Sch.; a quality, peculiarity,
attribute or property Lthy. S'nkhGri. Mn. iii, ix, &c.; an attribute of the 5 elements
(each of which has its own peculiar quality or qualities as well as organ of sense; thus 1.
ether has {zabda}, or sound for its Guna and the ear for its organ; 2. the air has
tangibility and sound for its Gunas and the skin for its organ; 3. fire or light has shape or

colour, tangibility, and sound for its Gunas, and the eye for its organs; 4. water has
flavour, shape, tangibility, and sound for its Gunas, and the tongue for its organ; 5. earth
has the preceding Gunas, with the addition of its own peculiar Guna of smell, and the
nose for its organ) Mn. i, 20 and 76-78 MBh. xii, 6846 ff. S'ak. i, 1 BhP. iii, 5, 35; (in
S'nkhya phil.) an ingredient or constituent of Prakriiti, chief quality of all existing
beings (viz. {sattva}, {rajas}, and {tamas} i.e. goodness, passion, and darkness, or virtue,
foulness, and ignorance; cf. RTL. pp. 31; 36; 163) Mn. i; iii, 40; xii, 24 ff. Snkhyak.
Bhag. xiii f.; (hence) the number `" three "' VarBriS. iic, 1; a property or characteristic of
all created things (in Nyya phil. twenty-four Gunas are enumerated, viz. 1. {rUpa},
shape, colour; 2. {rasa}, savour; 3. {gandha}, odour; 4. {sparza}, tangibility; 5.
{saMkhyA}, number; 6. {parimANa}, dimension; 7. {pRthaktva}, severalty; 8.
{saMyoga}, conjunction; 9. {vibhAga}, disjunction; 10. {paratva}, remoteness; 11.
{aparatva}, proximity; 12. {gurutva}, weight; 13. {dravatva}, fluidity; 14. {sneha},
viscidity; 15. {zabda}, sound; 16. {buddhi} or {jJAna}, understanding or knowledge; 17.
{sukha}, pleasure; 18. {duHkha}, pain; 19. {icchA}, desire; 20. {dveSa}, aversion; 21.
{prayatna}, effort; 22. {dharma}, merit or virtue; 23. {adharma}, demerit; 24.
{saMskAra}, the self-reproductive quality); an epithet KtyS'r.; good quality, virtue,
merit, excellence Mn. MBh. &c.; the merit of composition (consistency, elegance of
expression, &c.) Kvya7d. i, 41 f. Kpr. viii Sh. viii; the peculiar properties of the letters
(11 in number, viz. the 8 {bAhya-prayatnAs} [q.v.] and the 3 accents) Ks'. on Pn. 1-1, 9
and 50 (cf. {-mAtra}); the first gradation of a vowel, the vowels {a} (with {ar}, {al} Pn.
1-1, 51), {e}, {o} Nir. x, 17 RPrt. xi, 6 Pn.; an organ of sense L.; a cook (cf. {-kAra}) L.;
Bhma-sena (cf. {-kAra}) L.; ({A}) f. Sanseviera Roxburghiana L.; the plant
{mAMsarohiNI} L.; N. of a princess Rjat. iv, 695 (cf. {nir-}, {vi-}, {sa-}; {gauNa}.)
guNaiH = by the qualities

gunavat.h = man with good qualities

guNakathanapuNyena = through the merit from praising Thy glories
guNakarma = of works under material influence
guNakarmasu = in material activities
guNan.h = praising
guNanam.h = (n) multiplication
guNanidhiM = the stock-pile of good qualities
guNabhedataH = in terms of different modes of material nature
guNabhoktri = master of the gunas
guNamayii = consisting of the three modes of material nature
guNamayaiH = consisting of the gunas
guNataH = by the modes of material nature
guNatrayaH = three qualities i.e satvaH, rajaH \&tamaH
guNatva n. the condition of a string Hit.; subordination Ka1tyS3r.; the possession of
qualities Sarvad. x, 35 and 52; excellence Sus3r. i, 45, 7, 19; multiplication W.

guNavaan.h = a man with good qualities

guNavat * = mfn. `" furnished with a thread or string "' and `" endowed with good
qualities "' Pan5cat. S3a1rn3gP. Subh.; endowed with the five qualities or attributes of
elements Sa1m2khyak. 60; endowed with good qualities or virtues or merits or
excellences, excellent, perfect MBh. R. &c.; m. N. of a son of Gun2avati1 Hariv. 8840; (%
{tI}) f. N. of a combination of three S3lokas forming all one phrase Ka1vya7d. i, 13 Sch.;
of a daughter (of Suna1bha and wife of Sa1mba Hariv. 8762; 8779; 8840; of the prince
Gun2a-sa1gara Katha1s. cxxiii); %{-tama} mfn. (superl.) most excellent Ya1jn5. ii, 78; %
{-tara} mfn. (compar.) more excellent Mn. v, 113 R. iii Pan5cat.; %{-tA} f. the state of
possessing qualities W.; possession of good qualities or virtues, excellence MBh. xiv, 86
R. ii Ragh. viii; %{-tva} n. the state of possessing qualities Sa1h. i, 2/3, 37 f.
guNasa.nkhyaane = in terms of different modes
guNasangaH = the association with the modes of nature
guNaGYa = one who knows qualities (one who is a patron of good qualities)
guNaaH = senses
guNaatiitaH = transcendental to the material modes of nature
guNaan.h = the three modes of nature
guNaanvitaM = under the spell of the modes of material nature
guNebhyaH = to the modes of nature

guNeshhu = in sense gratification

guNin *= mfn. `" furnished with a string or rope (as a hunter) "' and endowed with good
qualities "' S3a1rn3gP. Subh. ; containing parts , cosisisting of parts Pa1n2. 5-2 , 47
Va1rtt. 1 ; endowed with good qualities or merits S3vetUp. vi Mn. viii , 73 Ya1jn5. &c. ;
auspicious (a day) Das3. vii , 296 f. ; endowed with the good qualities of or contained in
(in comp.) Ma1rkP. xxvii , 9 ; requiring the first gradation (a vowel) Ka1t. iii f. ; `"
possessing qualities "' or (m.) `" quality-possessor "' , object , thing , noun , substantive
Ya1jn5. iii , 69 BhP. ii , 8 , 14 ; m. `" furnished with a string "' , a bow L.
gup.h = guard, hide
gupta = secret; gupta mfn. protected, guarded, preserved AV. &c.; hidden, concealed,
kept secret, secret Bhartri. Pacat. Kaths. &c. (with {daNDa}, a secret fine, fine secretly
imposed or exacted Hit.; cf. {gUDha-d-}); = {saMgata} (? joined, combined) W.; ({am};
in comp. {a-} Hcat.) ind. secretly, privately Kaths.; ({su-}) Pacat. iv; ({e}) loc. ind. in a
hidden place Kaths. lxxv; m. (Pn. 6-1, 205 Ks'.) N. of several men belonging to the
Vais'ya caste (PrGri. i, 17; cf. RTL. p. 358), especially of the founder of the renowned
Gupta dynasty in which the names of the sovereigns generally end in {gupta} (cf.
{candra-}, {samudra-}, {skanda-}; {gupta} is also often found ifc. in names of the Vais'ya
class); ({A}) f. a married woman who withdraws from her lover's endearments L.;
Mucuna pruritus Sus'r. iv, 26, 33; vi, 46, 21 ({-pta}); N. of a woman Pn. 4-1, 121 Sch.
({gopA} Ks'.); of a S'kya princess Buddh.
guptaasana = the hidden posture
guru = (adj) heavy * = mf({vI})n. (cf. {giri4}; comp. {ga4rIyas}, once {-yas-tara}, {guru-

tara}, superl. {gariSTha}, {gurutama} see ss. vv.) heavy, weighty (opposed to {laghu4})
RV. i, 39, 3 and iv, 5, 6 AV. &c. (g. {zauNDA7di} Ganar. 101); heavy in the stomach
(food), difficult to digest MBh. i, 3334 Sus'r.; great, large, extended, long Yj. (see {kratu}) Bhartri. &c.; (in prosody) long by nature or position (a vowel) Prt. (a vowel long
both by nature and by position is called {garIyas} RPrt. xviii, 20) Pn. 1-4, 11 and 12;
high in degree, vehement, violent, excessive, difficult, hard RV. MBh. &c.; grievous
Megh. 80; important, serious, momentous MBh.&c.; valuable, highly prized Yj. ii, 30
({guru} = {garIyas}) &c.; haughty, proud (speech) Pacat.; venerable, respectable; m.
any venerable or respectable person (father, mother, or any relative older than one's self)
Gobh. S'nkhGri. Mn. &c.; a spiritual parent or preceptor (from whom a youth receives
the initiatory Mantra or prayer, who instructs him in the S'stras and conducts the
necessary ceremonies up to that of investiture which is performed by the crya Yj. i,
34) RPrt. s'vGri. PrGri. Mn. &c.; the chief of (gen. or in comp.) Cn. Ragh. ii, 68;
(with S'ktas) author of a Mantra; `" preceptor of the gods "', Briihaspati Mn. xi; (hence)
the planet Jupiter Jyot. VarBriS. Bhartri. &c.; `" Pndu-teacher "', Drona L.; Prabhkara (celebrated teacher of the Mmns, usually mentioned with Kumrila) SS'ankar.
vi, 50; xv, 157; (= {dharma}) `" venerable "', the 9th astrological mansion VarBriS. i, 16;
Mucuna pruritus L.; N. of a son of Sankriiti BhP. ix, 21, 2 du. parents MBh.; m. pl.
parents and other venerable persons Mn. iv Vikr. v, 10 Kaths.; a honorific appellation of
a preceptor (whose N. is also put in the pl.), Jain Hit.; ({vI}) f. `" venerable woman "', a
mother p. i, 21, 9; `" great (with child) "', pregnant, a pregnant woman L.; the wife of a
teacher W.; [cf. $; Lat. {gravis}; Goth. {kauriths}; Lith. {gie4ras}.]
guruH = teacher; weighty
gurucharaNaambuja = the lotus feet of the teacher/guru

guruNaapi = even though very difficult

gurutvaM = (abstract noun)greatness;weeightiness
gurutvaaakarshhaNa = gravitational attraction
gurun.h = the superiors
guruvaara = Thrusday
guruu = teacher, preceptor, long syllables as against short(laghuu)
gulikaa = (f) tablet, pill
gulma = the spleen
guhaa = (fem) cave
guhyaM = confidential subject
guhyatamaM = the most confidential
guhyataraM = still more confidential
guhyaat.h = than confidential
guhyaanaaM = of secrets

guuna* = mfn. voided (as ordure) Pn. 8-2, 44 Vrtt. 2.

guudha* = (%{gULha4} RV.) mfn. covered, hidden, concealed, invisible, secret, private
RV. &c.; disguised Mn. ix, 261 MBh. iii, 17311 [361,1]; n. a secret place or mystery
Kat2hUp. i, 1, 29; one of the S3abda7lam2ka1ras Sarasv. ii, 19; (%{am}) ind. secretly
Das3. vii, 248 Ra1jat. v, 268; (%{A}) f. N. of a S3ruti Gal.; (%{e}) loc. ind. secretly Mn.
vii, 186; ix, 170.
GYa = one who knows (suffix)
GYanakaaraka = Significator of knowledge which is Jupiter
GYaa = to know
GYaatachara = (adj) known
GYaatavyaM = knowable
GYaati = community (people of the same caste etc.)
GYaatuM = to know
GYaate = in the realised state
GYaatena = by knowing
GYaatvaa = knowing well

GYaana = knowledge
GYaanaM = knowledge
GYaanaH = whose knowledge
GYaanagamyaM = to be approached by knowledge
GYaanachakshushhaH = those who have the eyes of knowledge
GYaanachakshushhaa = by the vision of knowledge
GYaanadiipite = because of the urge for self-realization
GYaanaplavena = by the boat of transcendental knowledge
GYaanamana.ntaM = Knowledge and Infinity or Absoluteness
GYaanamayaH = (Masc. Nom.Sing.)full of knowledge
GYaanamayo = full of Gyana or knowledge
GYaanayaGYaH = sacrifice in knowledge
GYaanayaGYaaH = sacrifice in advancement of transcendental knowledge
GYaanayaGYena = by cultivation of knowledge

GYaanayogena = by the linking process of knowledge

GYaanavataaM = of the wise
GYaanavaan.h = learned
GYaanavihinaH = (but)bereft of knowledge of the Self
GYaanashabdayoH = of knowledge and sound
GYaanasya = of knowledge
GYaanaaH = knowledge
GYaanaagniH = the fire of knowledge
GYaanaat.h = than knowledge
GYaanaanaaM = of all knowledge
GYaanaavasthita = situated in transcendence
GYaaninaH = of the knower
GYaanibhyaH = than the wise
GYaanii = one who is in knowledge

GYaane = in knowledge
GYaanena = with knowledge
GYaanenaiva = GYAnena + eva:thro' knowledge alone
GYaanendriya = an organ of knowledge, i.e. the five senses
GYaayate = known
GYaayase = can to be known
GYaasyasi = you can know
GYeyaM = be known
GYeyaH = should be known
GYeyosi = You can be known

ha = the sun

ha * = Meaning1 the thirty-third and last consonant of the Ngar alphabet (in Pnini's
system belonging to the guttural class, and usually pronounced like the English {h} in
{hard}; it is not an original letter, but is mostly derived from an older {gh}, rarely from
{dh} or {bh}).
ha * = Meaning 2 (only L.) m. a form of S'iva or Bhairava (cf. {nakulI7za}); water; a
cipher (i.e. the arithmetical figure which symbolizes o); meditation, auspiciousness; sky,
heaven, paradise; blood; dying; fear; knowledge; the moon; Vishnu; war, battle;
horripilation; a horse; pride; a physician; cause, motive; = {pApa-haraNa}; = {sakopavAraNa}; = {zuSka}; (also {A} f.) laughter; ({A}) f. coition; a lute ({am}) n. the Supreme
Spirit; pleasure, delight; a weapon; the sparkling of a gem; calling, calling to the sound of
a lute; (ind.) = {aham} (?), IndSt.; mfn. mad, drunk.
ha * = Meaning 3 ind. (prob. orig. identical with 2. {gha}, and used as a particle for
emphasizing a preceding word, esp. if it begins a sentence closely connected with
another; very frequent in the Brhmanas and Stras, and often translatable by) indeed,
assuredly, verily, of course, then &c. (often with other particles e.g. with {tv eva}, {u},
{sma}, {vai} &c.; {na ha}, `" not indeed "'; also with interrogatives and relatives e.g. {yad
dha}, `" when indeed "'; {kad dha}, `" what then? "' sometimes with impf. or pf. [cf. Pn.
3-2, 116]; in later language very commonly used as a mere expletive, esp. at the end of a
verse) RV. &c. &c.
ha * = Meaning 4 mf({A})n. (fr. {han}) killing, destroying, removing (only ifc.; see
{arAti-}, {vRtra-}, {zatruha} &c.)
ha * = Meaning 5 mf({A})n. (fr. 3. {hA}) abandoning, deserting, avoiding (ifc.; see {anoka-} and {vApI-ha}); ({A}) f. abandonment, desertion L.

haa * = Meaning 1 ind. an exclamation expressive of pain, anger, astonishment,

satisfaction &c. (= ah! alas! oh! ha! often before or after a voc. case, also repeated {hAhA} cf. 1. {hahA} above, or followed by other particles, esp. {dhik}, {hanta}, {kaSTam}
&c.) MBh. Kv.&c,
haa * = Meaning 2 (not always separable fr. 3. {hA}) cl. 3. . (Dhtup. xxv, 7) {ji4hIte}
(p. {ji4hAna} [q.v.]; pf. {jahire4} AV.; aor. {ahAsta} RV. &c.; fut. {hAtA} Gr.; {hAsyate}
Br. MBh.; inf. {-hAtum} ib.; ind. p. {hAtvA} Gr.; {-hA4ya} RV.), to start or spring
forward, bound away, give way to (dat.) RV.; to spring or leap upon (?) RV. x, 49, 5; to go
or depart or betake one's self to have recourse to (acc.) Nalo7d. [1296, 2]; to fall or come
into any state Kir.: Pass. {hAyate} (aor. {ahAyi}) Gr.: Caus. {hApayati} (aor. {ajIhapat})
ib.: Desid. {jihAsate} ib.: Intens. {jahAyate}, {jAhAti}, {jAheti} ib.
haa * = Meaning 3 cl. 3. P. (Dhtup. xxv, 8) {ja4hAti} (rarely cl. 1. {jahati} 3. du.
{jahltaH} Impv. {jahi4hi} For {jahAhi} Pn. 6-4, 117]; {jahItAt} AV.; Pot. {jahyAt} AV.
&c.; pf. {jahau}, {jahu4H} RV. &c.; {jahe} Br.; aor. {ahAt} ib. &c.; {ahAsIt} Gr.; 3. sg.
{ahAs} RV.; {a4hAsi} AV.; {hAsiSTa} ib.,; fut. {hAtA} Gr.; {hAsyati}, {-te} AV. &c,
{jahiSyati} MBh. &c.; inf. {hAtum} ib.; ind. p. {hitvA4}. [q.v.] RV. &c.; {hitvI4} {-tvA4ya}
RV.; {-hItvA} Gr.; {-hA4ya} Br., {hI4yam} TS.), to leave, abandon, desert, quit, forsake,
relinquish (with {zarIram}, {deham}, {prA7NAn}, {asUn}, {jvitam} &c. - "' to die "') RV.
&c, &c.; to discharge, emit ib.; to put away, take off, remove, lay aside, give up,
renounce, resign, avoid, shun, abstain or refrain from Mn. MBh. &c.; to disregard,
neglect ib.; to lose, be deprived of. R. Km.; to get rid of. escape from Up. MBh. &c.; to
cause to emit (with {zardham}, `" to cause to break wind "') Vop.: Pass. {hIya4te} or
{hI4yate} (ep. also {hIyati}; aor. {ahAyi}), to be left or abandoned or deserted &c.; to be
left behind, fall short of (abl.) RV. &c. &c.; to be excluded from or bereft of (abl. or instr.;
with {prA7NaiH}, `" to die "') KathhUp. Mn. MBh. &c.; to be overtaken by (instr.) MBh.;

to be deficient or wanting, suffer loss or injury, fail (also in a lawsuit), decrease, wane,
decline, come to an end ChUp. Mn. MBh. &c.; to weigh less (at the ordeal of the balance)
Yj. Sch.; to be given up or avoided Bhartri. (v.l.); to be subtracted VarBriS.; to become
detached from (with abl. or instr.), fall out (as hair) BhP.: Caus. {hApayati} (m. c. also {te} aor. {ajIhapat}; {-jIhipaH} RV.), to cause to leave or abandon &c.; to omit, neglect
Mn. MBh. &c.; to fall short of. be wanting in (acc.) MBh. Cn.; to give up ({asUn}, `" life
"') Hariv.; to lose ({kAlam}, `" time "') Km.; to abandon ({pratijJAm}, `" a thesis "')
Jtakam.: Desid. {jihAsati}, to wish to leave or abandon Das'. BhP. HParis'.; to wish to
reject or disdain Prab.; to wish to escape Sarvad.: Intens. {jehIyate}, {jAhAti}, {jAheti}
Gr. This page was generated by SFgate 4.0.30. Ha Meaning 1 the thirty-third and last
consonant of the Ngar alphabet (in Pnini's system belonging to the guttural class, and
usually pronounced like the English {h} in {hard}; it is not an original letter, but is mostly
derived from an older {gh}, rarely from {dh} or {bh}).
haa * = Meaning 2 (only L.) m. a form of S'iva or Bhairava (cf. {nakulI7za}); water; a
cipher (i.e. the arithmetical figure which symbolizes o); meditation, auspiciousness; sky,
heaven, paradise; blood; dying; fear; knowledge; the moon; Vishnu; war, battle;
horripilation; a horse; pride; a physician; cause, motive; = {pApa-haraNa}; = {sakopavAraNa}; = {zuSka}; (also {A} f.) laughter; ({A}) f. coition; a lute ({am}) n. the Supreme
Spirit; pleasure, delight; a weapon; the sparkling of a gem; calling, calling to the sound of
a lute; (ind.) = {aham} (?), IndSt.; mfn. mad, drunk.
haakiNii = the goddess in aGYaa chakra
haalaahala = poison
haalahala* = (Jtakam.) and n. the above poison.

haalahaala* = (L.) n. the above poison.

haalaahala* = m. a panic. poisonous plant (the seed of which is said to resemble a cow's
teat) Bhpr.; a kind of lizard L.; a kind of spider L.; n. (rarely m.), a deadly poison
prepared from the roots of the above plant accord. to R. and BhP. produced at she
churning of the ocean (cf. {halAhala}) Kv. Sus'r. BhP.; ({A}) f. a kind of small mouse L.;
({I}) f. spirituous liquor L.
haalahala* = {hAlAhala}, {hAhala} &c. Sea p. 1293, col. 2.
haana * 2 n. the act of abandoning, relinquishing, giving up, escaping, getting rid of
Gaut. S'ank. Sarvad.; want, lack Kap.; cessation ib. Bhartri. (v.l.)
haana 1 mfn. gone or departed &c. (in {sa4MhAna}, `" risen "') VS.
haani = damage
haaniH = destruction
haapita *= mfn. (fr. id.) caused to be left or abandoned &c. ; injured (as a deposit)
Ya1jn5. ; deprived of (instr.) BhP.
haara = Garland *= 1 mf(%{I})n. bearing, carrying, carrying away, stealing (e.g. %
{kSIra-h-}, `" stealing milk "') Ma1rkP.; levying, raising (e.g. %{kara-h-}, `" raising
taxes "') BhP.; ravishing, charming, delightful (or `" relating to Hari i.e. Vishnu "') ib.;
relating to Hara or S3iva Nalac.; m. taking away, removal ib.; confiscation, forfeiture (of
land, money &c.) Mn. MBh. Katha1s.; waste, loss (see %{kAla-h-}); war, battle W.; a
carrier, porter ib.; (in arithm.) a divisor or division Col.; (in prosody) a long syllable ib.;

a garland of pearls, necklace (accord. to some, one of 108 or 64 strings) MBh. Ka1v. &c.;
(%{A}) f. Pa1n2. 3-3, 104; (%{I}) f. a pearl L.; a girl of bad reputation (unfit for
marriage) L.; a kind of metre Col.\\2 (for 3. see p. 1292, col. 1) Nom. P. %{-rati} to be
like a string of pearls Dhu1rtas.\\ 3 mfn. (for 1. and 2. see p. 1289, col. 2) relating to
Hari or Vishn2n BhP.\\ %{hAraka}, %{hArin} &c. see p. 1289, cols. 2 and 3.
haariNii = remover
haard * = (fr. and = {hRd}). see {dur-} and {su-hA4rd}.
haa4rdi * = m. the heart AV.; contentment, ease, comfort VarBriS.; n. the heart or
interior of the body (also applied to the intestines) RV.
haardikA * =see {yama-h-}.
haardikya * =m. patr. of Kriita-varman MBh. Hariv.; friendship R.
haardin * =mfn. feeling affection for (loc.) MrkP.
haardivan * =(Tr.) or (vS.) mfn. hearty, cordial, having an affection for (loc.)
haardvan * =(vS.) mfn. hearty, cordial, having an affection for (loc.)
haasa = laughter
haasya = the sentiment of humor
haata * = mfn. given up, abandoned BhP

halaayudha * m. `" plough-weaponed "'N. of Bala-rma (see above; also transferred to

Vishnu-Kriishna) MBh. Hariv.; (also with {bhatTa}, {mizra} &c.) N. of various writers
(esp. of a poet, of the author of the Abhidhna-ratnamls, of the author of the Purnasarvasva &c.) Cat.; {-cchAndogya} (?) and {-stava} m. N. of wks.
haiyaMgava * = n. (fr. %{hyas} + %{go}) = next BhP.
haiyaMgavIna * = n. clarified butter prepared from yesterday's milking , fresh butter
Hariv. Ragh. Bhat2t2.
haituka* = mf({I})n. having a cause or reason, founded on some motive (in {a-h-}) Bhag.
BhP.; (ifc.) caused by, dependent on MBh. BhP.; m. a reasoner, rationalist, sceptic,
heretic ({I} f.) Mn. Yj. MBh. &c.; a follower of the Mmns doctrines W.
hala = a plough
halaasana = the plough posture
halaahala = poison
halahala* = mfn. ploughing making furrows L.
halahalaa* = ind. an exclamation of applause or approbation MBh. R.
halaahala* = m. n. a kind of deadly poison (prodoced at the churning of the ocean by
gods and demons) Kv. Pacat.; m. (only L.) a kind of lizard; a kind of snake; a Jaina or
Bauddha sage.

haMsaH = (m) swan

han* = mfn. only f. {-ghnI} q.v.\\* = m. killer of Makha "'N. of Agni or Indra or Rudra
TS.
han* =1 cl. 2. P. (Dhtup. xxiv, 2) {hanti} (3. du. {hata4H}, 3. pl. {ghnanti}; rarely .
{hate}, 3. pl. {ghnate}; and cl. 1. {hanati}, Ved. also {jighnate}, {-ti}; Pot. {hanyAt} Br.
also {ha4nIta}, {ghnIta}; Impv. {jahi4} Tr. {handhi4}; impf. {a4han}, Ved. and ep. also
{ahanat}, {ahanan}, {aghnanta}; p. {jaghnat}, {ghnamAna} MBh.; pf. {jaghA4na},
{jaghnu4H} Br.and ep. also {jaghne}, {-nire} Subj. {jagha4nat} RV.; p. {jaghniva4s},
Ved. also {jaghanvas}; aor. {ahAnIt} JaimBr. [cf. {vadh}]; fut. {hantA} MBh.;
{haMsyati} ib.; {haniSya4ti}, {-te} AV. &c.; inf. {ha4ntum}, Ved. also {ha4ntave}, {tavai4}, {-toH}; ind. p. {hatvA4}, Ved. also {-tvI4}, {-tvAya}, {-hatya}; {-hanya} MBh.; {ghA4tam} Br. &c.), to strike, beat (also a drum), pound, hammer (acc.), strike &c. upon
(loc.) RV. &c. &c.; to smite, slay, hit, kill, mar, destroy ib.; to put to death, cause to be
executed Mn. Hit.; to strike off Kaths.; to ward off, avert MBh.; to hurt, wound (the
heart) R.; to hurl (a dart) upon (gen.) RV.; (in astron.) to touch, come into contact
VarBriS.; to obstruct, hinder Rjat.; to repress, give up, abandon (anger, sorrow &c.)
Kv. BhP.; (?) to go, move Naigh. ii, 14: Pass. {hanya4te} (ep. also {-ti}; aor. {avadhi} or
{aghAni}), to be struck or killed RV. &c. &c.: Caus. {ghAtayati}, {-te} (properly a Nom.
fr. {ghAta} q.v.; aor. {ajIghatat} or {ajIghanat}), to cause to be slain or killed, kill, slay,
put to death, punish Mn. MBh. &c.; to notify a persos death ({kaMsaM ghAtayati} =
{kaMsa-vadham AcaSTe}) Pn. 3-1, 26 Vrtt. 6 Pat.; to mar, destroy MBh. Pacat. (v.l.):
Desid. {ji4ghAMsati}, {-te} (Pot. {jighAMsIyat} MBh.; impf. {ajighAMsIH} S'Br.), to
wish to kill or destroy RV. &c. &c.: Intens. {ja4Gghanti} (RV.; p. {jaGghanat},
{ja4Gghnat} or {gha4nighnat}), {jaGghanyate} (with pass. sense MundUp.), {jeghnIyate}
(Pn. 7-4, 31), to strike = tread upon (loc. or acc.) RV.; to slay, kill ib.; to dispel

(darkness), destroy (evil, harm) ib.; to hurt, injure, wound MundUp. [Cf. Gk. $; Lat. {defendere}, &388667[1287, 2] {of-fendere}; Lit. {genu}, {gi4ti}; Slav. {gu8nati}.]
han* =2 mf({ghnI})n. killing, a killer, slayer (only ifc.; see {ari-}, {tamo-han} &c.)
hana * mf({I})n. id. (see {vIra-haNa}); m. killing, slaughter (see {su-hana}); ({A}) f. (see
{dur-ha4NA}).
ha.nsa = (masc) swan, goose
ha.nsaasana = the swan posture
hanana = killing
hanishhye = I shall kill
hanumatprabhuH = the lord of Hanuman
hanumaana = a monkey chief, son of Anjana and Vayu
hanumaanaasana = the splits
hanta = O !, Alas !* ind. an exclamation or inceptive particle (expressive of an
exhortation to do anything or asking attention, and often translatable by `" come on! "' `"
here! "' `" look! "' `" see! "' in later language also expressive of grief, joy, pity, haste,
benediction &c. and translatable by `" alas! "' `" ah! "' `" oh! "' &c.; often repeated or
joined with other particles e.g. {hA hanta}, {hanta hanta}, {hanta tarhi}) RV. &c. &c.

hantaaraM = the killer

hanti = kills
hantuM = to kill
hantri = desirous of killing
hanuvat *V= lips
hanyate = is killed
hanyamaane = being killed
hanyuH = may kill
har.h = to steal
hara = shankara * = mf(%{A}, rarely %{I})n. (only ifc.; fr. 1. %{hR}) bearing, wearing,
taking, conveying, bringing (see %{kavaca-}, %{vArttA-h-}), taking away, carrying off,
removing, destroying (see %{bala-}, %{zakti-h-}); receiving, obtaining (see %{aMza-h-});
ravishing, captivating (see %{mano-h-}); m. `" Seizer "', `" Destroyer "'N. of S3iva
A1s3vGr2. Mn. MBh. &c.; of a Da1nava MBh. Hariv.; of a monkey R.; of various authors
&c. Cat.; (in arithm.) a divisor Col.; the denominator of a fraction, division ib.; a stallion
(?) L.; an ass L.; fire L.
haraH = shiva

harati = (1pp) to take (away)

haranti = throw
harasi = you remove
hari = vishnu
hariH = the Supreme Personality of Godhead, KRishhNa
hariNa = deer
harita = green
haritam.h = (n) cabbage
haridraa = (f) turmeric (haldii)
hariiH = VishNu
hareH = of Lord KRishhNa
hartaa.asi = are the usurper
harmya = building
harsha = (masc) joy * = m. (ifc. f. %{A}; fr. %{hRS}) bristling, erection (esp. of the hair
in a thrill of rapture or delight) MBh. Ka1v. &c.; joy, pleasure, happiness (also

personified as a son of Dharma) Kat2hUp. MBh. &c. [1292,3]; erection of the sexual
organ, sexual excitement, lustfulness Sus3r.; ardent desire MBh.; N. of an Asura
Katha1s.; of a son of Kr2ishn2a BhP.; of various authors &c. (also with %{dIkSita}, %
{mizra}, %{sUri} &c.; cf. %{zrI-harSa}); mfn. happy, delighted W.
harshha = from happiness
harshhaM = cheerfulness
harshhashokaanvitaH = subject to joy and sorrow
haryaksha * = mfn. yelloweyed VS. MBh.; m. a lion MBh. R.; the zodiacal sign Leo Cat.; a
monkey R.; N. of Kubera L.; of a demon causing diseases PrGri.; of an Asura BhP.; of a
son of Priithu ib.; of S'iva MW.
hary-aksha * = hary-akSa
haryaksha * = {hary-aGga} &c. see above, col. i.
hasati = (1pp) to laugh
hasta = hand
hastaM = hand
hastaghaTii = (f) wristwatch
hasta\-paadangushhThaasana = the hand-to-big-toe posture

hastaat.h = from the hand

hastaaksharam.h = (n) handwriting
hastini = in the elephant
hastipakaH = (m) mahout, one who rides the elephant
hastairbibhraaNaM = bearing in the hands
hata* =mfn. struck by lightning Ka1t2h. [113,1]\\ mfn. struck, heaten (also said of a
drum), smitten, killed, slain, destroyed, ended, gone, lost (often ibc. = `" destitute of "',
`" bereft of "', `" -less "') RV. &c. &c.; injured, marred, hurt, wounded (lit. and fig.) MBh.
Katha1s.; struck off (as a head) R.; knocked out (as an eye) ib.; hit by (instr. or comp.)
Ka1v. Katha1s.; whirled up, raised (as dust) S3ak.; visited or afflicted or tormented by,
struggling with, suffering from (instr. or comp.) S3Br. ChUp. MBh. &c.; (in astron.)
touched, come into contact VarBr2S.; violated (sexually, as a woman) MBh. viii, 2037;
ruined, undone, hopeless, miserable, wretched (of persons and things; cf. comp.) Mn.
MBh. &c.; worthless, useless ib.; defective Sa1h.; cheated, deceived Kuval.; deprived of,
lapsed from (%{-tas} or comp.) MBh. R.; (in arithm.) multiplied A1ryabh.; (%{A}) f. a
violated woman (see above); a despised girl unfit for marriage L.; (%{am}) n. striking,
killing, hurting W.; multiplication ib. [Cf. Gk. $, &388690[1287,2] `" slain. "']
hatha (haTa)* = force, against one's will * =mfn. struck - by lightning, heaten (also said
of a drum), smitten, killed, slain, destroyed, ended, gone, lost (often ibc. = `" destitute of
"', `" bereft of "', `" -less "') RV. &c. &c.; injured, marred, hurt, wounded (lit. and fig.)
MBh. Kaths.; struck off (as a head) R.; knocked out (as an eye) ib.; hit by (instr. or

comp.) Kv. Kaths.; whirled up, raised (as dust) S'ak.; visited or afflicted or tormented
by, struggling with, suffering from (instr. or comp.) S'Br. ChUp. MBh. &c.; (in astron.)
touched, come into contact VarBriS.; violated (sexually, as a woman) MBh. viii, 2037;
ruined, undone, hopeless, miserable, wretched (of persons and things; cf. comp.) Mn.
MBh. &c.; worthless, useless ib.; defective Sh.; cheated, deceived Kuval.; deprived of,
lapsed from ({-tas} or comp.) MBh. R.; (in arithm.) multiplied ryabh.; ({A}) f. a
violated woman (see above); a despised girl unfit for marriage L.; ({am}) n. striking,
killing, hurting W.; multiplication ib.[Cf. Gk. $, &388690[1287, 2] `" slain. "']
hathha *= m. violence, force (ibc., %{ena}, and %{At}, `" by force, forcibly "') R. Ra1jat.
Katha1s. &c. ; obstinacy, pertinacity (ibc. and %{At}, `" obstinately, persistently "')
Pan5cat. Katha1s. ; absolute or inevitable necessity (as the cause of all existence and
activity ; ibc., %{At}, and %{ena}, `" necessarily, inevitably, by all means "') MBh. Ka1v.
&c. ; = %{haTha-yoga} Cat. ; oppression W. ; rapine ib. ; going in the rear of an enemy L.
; Pistia Stratiotes L.
hatha m. a blow, stroke RV. ; killing, slaughter ib. ; a man stricken with despair Un2. ii,
2 Sch.
haTayoga = union with the supreme via discipline
hataM = killed
hataH = being killed
hataan.h = already killed
hataani = (past.part.)having been killed

hataiH = having been killed

hatvaa = by killing
haviH = butter
havirdhaana* = m. N. of the author of RV. x, 11-15 Anukr.; of a son of Antar-dhana (cf.
{havir-dhAman}) BhP.; ({I}) f. N. of the mythical cow Surabhi or Kma-dhenu ib.; of the
wife of Havir-dhna ib.; ({am}) n. `" oblation-receptacle "', the vehicle in which the
Soma plants are couveyed to be pressed (generally in du.) AV. VS. S'Br.; a shed for the
Soma vehicles ib. KtyS'r.; a place of sacrifice MBh. Hariv.; the earth (as the depository
of obloblation) AV.; ({e}), du, (with {prajApateH}) N. of two Smans rshBr.
havishhaa = offerings
haya = horse
hayaiH = horses
helana *= n. the act of slighting, disregard, contempt MBh. BhP.; sporting amorously,
wanton dalliance (cf. %{hil}) W.
heman.h = gold
hemanta = (masc) winter
hetavaH = causes - see hetu

heti * = f. (fr. 1. %{hi}; in later language also m. a missile weapon, any weapon (also
personified) RV. &c. &c.; stroke, wound Sa1y.; Agni's weapon, flame, light MBh. Ka1v.
&c.; a ray of the sun L.; rapid motion, shot, impact (of a bow-string) RV.; an implement,
instrument BhP.; a young shoot or sprout L.; m. N. of the first Ra1kshasa king
(represented as occupying the Sun's chariot in the month Caitra or Madhu) R.; of an
Asura BhP.
hetoH = in exchange
hetu = intention * = m. `" impulse "', motive, cause, cause of, reason for (loc., rarely dat.
or gen.; {hetunA}, {hetoH}, {hetave}, {hetau}, `" for a cause or reason "', `" by reason of
"', `" on account of "' [with gen. or comp. e.g. {mama hetoH} or {mad-dhetoH}, `" on
account of me "']; {kaM hetum} or {ko heTuH}, `" wherefore? "' `" why? "' Pn. 2-2, 23
Pat.; {yato hetoH}, `" because "'; {anena hetunA} or {iti hetoH}, `" for this reason "';
{mRtyu-hetave}, `" in order to kill "'; {hetur alaukikaH}, `" a supernatural cause "'; ifc.
{hetu} also = `" having as a cause or motive "', `" caused or effected or actuated or
attracted or impelled by "' e.g. {karma-hetu}, `" caused by the acts [of a former
existence] "' Mn. i, 49; {mAMsa-hetu}, `" attracted by [the smell of] flesh "' MBh. x, 496;
{karma-phala-hetu}, `" impelled by [the expectation of] the consequences of any act "'
BhP. ii, 47; 49) RV. &c. &c.; a logical reason or dedaction or argument, the reason for an
inference (esp. applied to the second member or Avayava of the five-membered
syllogism see {nyAya}) Nyyad. IW. 61; logic (in general see {hetuvidyA}); (in gram.) the
agent of the causal verb Pn. 1-4, 55 &c.; (with Buddhists) primary cause (as opp. to
{pratyaya} q.v.) Sarvad.; (with Pas'upatas) that which causes the bondage of the soul i.e.
the external world and the senses ib.; a means ({hetubhiH} ifc. `" by means of "') MBh.;
mode, manner ({hetubhiH} ifc. `" according to "') ib. Sus'r. Yj.; price, cost Rjat. v, 71;
condition MBh.; (in rhet.) = {kAvya-liGga} (q.v.) Bhar. Kpr. Sh.

hetuH = aim (Here: cause)

hetunaa = for the reason
hetumadbhiH = with cause and effect
heya 1 mfn. (for 2. see p. 1297, col. 1) to be gone &c. MW.\\ 2 mfn. (for 1. and 3. see p.
1296 and 1304) to be left or quitted or abandoned or rejected or avoided (%{-tva} n.)
Ka1v. Katha1s. &c.; to be subtracted L.
hi = really
hi * =Meaning 1 i (cf. {hay}) cl. 5. P. (Dhtup., xxvii, 11) {hino4ti} (Ved. also {hinute4},
{hi4nvati} and {hinva4ti}, {-te}; p. {hinvAna4} [with aet. and pass. sense] RV.; {ha4yat}
RV. TS.; 1: sg. {hiSe} RV.; pf. {jighAya}, {jighyuH} Br. &c.; {jighye} [with pass. sense]
Bhathth.; aor. {a4hema} {a4hema}, {ahyan}, {heta} p. {hiyAna4} [with pass. sense] RV.;
{ahyam} [?], {a4hait} AV.; {ahaiSIt} Br.; {aheSata} RV.; fut. {hetA} Gr.; {heSyati} MBh.
&c.; inf. {-hye4} RV.), to send forth set in motion, impel, urge on, hasten on (. also
intrans.) RV. AV. S'Br. KtyS'r.; to stimulate or incite to (dat.) RV.; to assist or help to
(dat.) ib.; to discharge, b, hurl, cast, shoot RV.; to convey, bring, procure ib. S'Br.; to
forsake, abandon, get rid of Bhathth.; ({hinvati}), to gladden, delight Dhtup. xv, 82:
Pass. {hIyate} (aor. {ahAyi}) Gr.: Caus. {hAyuyati} (aor. {ajIhayat}) ib.: Desid. of Caus.
{jihApayiSati} ib.: Desid. {jighISati} ib.: Inteus. {jeghIyate}, {jeghayIti}, {jegheti} ib.
hi4* =Meaning 2 ind. (used as a particle [cf. {ha} and {gha}] and usually denoting) for,
because, on account of (never standing first in a sentence, but generally after the first
word and used enclitically, sometimes after pronouns; e.g. {sa4rvo hi4 pR4tanA

jigISati}, `" for everybody wishes to win battles "'; {bkavAn hi pramANam}, `" for your
honour is the authority "'; {tahA hi}, `" for example "', `" accordingly "'; {na4 hi4} or
{nahI4} "', for not "', `" not at all "') RV. &c. &c.; just, pray, do (with an Impv. or Pot.
emphatically; sometimes with Indic., e. g. {pasyAmo hi}, `" we will just see "') ib.;
indeed, assuredly, surely, of course, certainly ({hi4 vai4}, `" most assuredly "'; {hi-tu} or
{hi-punar}, `" indeed-but "'; often a mere expletive, esp. to avoid a hiatus, sometimes
repeated in the same sentence; {hi} is also said to be an interjection of `" envy "', `"
contempt "', `" hurry "' &c.) ib.
hii* = ind. (an exclamation of surprise or astonishment or horror or sorrow or hilarity or
satisfaction, usually translatable by) ah! oh! alas l &c.; (also said to be so used in giving a
reason or cause, and translatable by) therefore, so, because, for (cf. 2. {hi}) &c.; (it is
sometimes repeated cf. {hIhI} Hariv. Bhathth.
hiMs * = 1 (orig. Desid. of %{han}) cl. 1. 7. P. (Dha1tup. xxix , 19 ; xxxiv , 23) %
{hiMsati} , %{hina4sti} (Ved. and ep. also A1. %{hiMsate} , %{hi4Mste} ; 2. sg. %{hiMsi}
for %{hinassi} MBh. iii , 13269 ; pf. %{jihiMsa} , %{-sima4} , %{jIhiMsIh} AV. ; aor. %
{ahiMsIt} , %{hiMsIt} RV. &c. ; fut. %{hiMsita} Gr. ; %{hiMsiSyati} , %{-te} Br. &c. ; inf.
%{hiMsitum} [Ved. also %{hi4esitoH}] ib. ; ind. p. %{hiMsitvA4} AV. Br. ; %{-hiMsya}
MBh.) , to injure , harm , wound , kill , destroy RV. &c. &c.: Pass. %{hiMsyate} (aor. %
{ahiMsi}) , to be injured or killed RV. (in %{a4-hiMsyamAna}) &c.: Caus , or cl. so. P.
(Dha1tup. xxxiv , 23) %{hiMsayati} (aor. %{ajihiMsat}) , to injure , harm , kill , slay
MBh.: Desid. %{ji4hiMsiSati} , to wish to injure &c. S3Br.: Intens , %{jehiMsyate} , %
{jehiMsti} Gr.
hiMs * = 2 mfn. injuring , striking (see %{su-hiMs}).

hiMsa * = mfn. injuring , injurious , mischievous , hostile RV. ; (%{A}) f. see below.
hiMsaa * = f. injury , harm (to life or property) , hurt , mischief , wrong (said to be of
three kinds , 1. mental as `" bearing malice "' ; 2. verbal , as "' abusive language ; 3.
personal , as `" acts of violence "') Mn. Ya1jn5. MBh. &c. ; Injury or Mischief personified
(as the wife of Adharnia and daughter of Lobha and Nishkr2iti) Pur. ; Asteracantha
Longifolia L.
hiMsita * = mfn. hurt , injured , wounded , killed , destroyed AV. &c. &c. ; n. injury ,
harm Pan5cat.
hi.nsati = kills
hi.nsaa = violence
hi.nsaaM = and distress to others
hi.nsaatmakaH = always envious
hita = benefit *= 1 mfn. (for 2. see p. 1298 , col. 2) sent , impelled , urged on , set in
motion &c. ; going , running , speeding RV. AV. [1297,3]\\ 2 mf(%{A4})n. (p.p. of 1. %
{dhA} cf. %{dhita} ; for 1. %{hita} see p. 1297 , col. 2) put , placed , set , laid , laid upon ,
imposed , lying or situated or contained in (loc.) RV. AV. Up. ; set up , established , fixed
(as a prize) RV. ; planned , arranged (as a race or contest) ib. ; prepared , made ready ib.
; held , taken MW. ; assigned to , destined for (dat. or gen.) ib. ; reckoned among(loc) TS.
; constituted or appointed as (nom.) RV. ; given (as a name) AV. ; beneficial ,
advantageous , salutary , wholesome , suitable , agreeing with (of ten , said of diet ,
regimen , medicines &c.) , convenient , suitable , fit , agreeable to or for (dat. gen. loc. ,

or comp.) RV. &c.&c. ; well-disposed , favourable , friendly , affectionate , kind Mn.

MBh. &c. ; m. a friend , benefactor ib. ; (%{A4}) f. a causeway , dike (see %{hitAbhaGga}) ; pl. N. of partic. veins or arteries S3Br. KaushUp. Ya1jn5. ; (%{am}) n. (sg. or
pl.) anything useful or salutary or suitable or proper , benefit , advantage , profit , service
, good , welfare , good advice &c. Mn. MBh. &c.
hitaM = beneficial
hitakaamyayaa = for your benefit
hite = in welfare work
hitaishhin.h = one who wishes good
hitaaya * = Nom. . {-yate}, to avail, be of use or advantage Vs. Hit4vat mfn. one who
has put away or hidden his property RV.
hitvaa = having given up/abandoned
hinasti = degrade
hima = snow
himaalayaH = the Himalayan mountains = * Nom. P. {-yati}, to resemble the Hima7laya
Dhrtas.
hiMsa* = mfn. injuring, injurious, mischievous, hostile RV.; ({A}) f. see below.

hiMsA* = f. injury, harm (to life or property), hurt, mischief, wrong (said to be of three
kinds, 1. mental as `" bearing malice "'; 2. verbal, as "' abusive language; 3. personal, as
`" acts of violence "') Mn. Yj. MBh. &c.; Injury or Mischief personified (as the wife of
Adharnia and daughter of Lobha and Nishkriiti) Pur.; Asteracantha Longifolia L.
hiraNmaya* = mf({I}) n. (for {hiraNya-maya}) golden, gold-coloured TS.&c, &c.; m. N.
of Brahm. (see {hiraNya-garbha}) L.; of a Riishi MBh.; of a son of Agnidhra and ruler
of a Varsha BhP.; m.n. one of the 9 Varshas or divisions of the continent (said to be
between the mountainous ranges S'veta and S'riinga-vat; see varsha and {zveta}) Pur.
hiraNyakashyapu = a demon king, killed by Vishnu
hiraNyagarbha = Effulgent, a name of Sun
hiraNyagarbhaH = the Golden Embryo of life and form
hiinau = bereft, having lost
horaa = A Varga. The Division of a sign into Solar and Lunar or Division into halves.
Used for determining Wealth amongst other things
hraada * = m. sound, noise, roar (of thunder) ChUp. MBh. Kir.; sound (in a phonetical
sense) Pat.; N. of a serpent-demon MBh.; of a son of Hiranyakas'ipu Hariv. Pur.
hraasa * = m. shortening, diminution, decrease, deterioration, detriment Mn. Ya1jn5.
&c.; paucity, scarcity MBh. Hariv. &c.; sound, noise L.
hrada * = 1 m. (once n.; ifc. f. {A} rather to be connected with {hlAd}, but cf. {hrAd}; for

2. {hrada} see p. 1307) a large or deep piece of water, lake, pool (rarely applied to the
sea; with {gAGga}, `" the water of the Ganges "') RV. &c. &c.; ({A}) f. the incense tree L.;
({I}) f. g. {gaurA7di}.
hrada * =2 m. (ifc. f. {A}; for 1. see p. 1306, col. 3) sound, noise L.; a ray of light (see
{zata-hr-}); a ram L.; N. of a son of Hrda Hariv.
hraasa * = m. shortening, diminution, decrease, deterioration, detriment Mn. Ya1jn5.
&c. ; paucity, scarcity MBh. Hariv. &c. ; sound, noise L
hrasvaa = (adj) short
hriiH = modesty
hrii* = 1 cl. 3. P. (Dhtup. xxv, 3) {jihreti} ({ji4hriyat} MaitrS.; pf. {jihrAya} Ragh.;
{jihrayAM-cakAra}, {-yAm-Asa}, Gr.; aor. {ahraiSIt} ib.; Prec. {hrIyAt} ib.; p.
{hrayANa}, see {a-hr-}; fut. {hretA}, {hreSyati} Gr.), to feel shame, blush, be bashful or
modest, be ashamed of any one (gen.) or anything (abl.) Kv. Kaths.: Caus. {hrepayati}
(aor. {ajihripat}), to make ashamed, cause to blush, confound, put to shame (also fig. =
`" surpass, excel "') ib.: Desid. {jihrISati} Gr.: Intens. {jehrIyate} (p. {-yamANa}
SaddhP.), {jehrayIti}, {jehreti}, to be greatly ashamed ib. \\2 f. shame, modesty,
shyness, timidity (also personified as daughter of Daksha and wife of Dharma) VS. &c. &
hriiyantraNA * f. torment of shshame, constraint of bashfulness
hriyate = is attracted
hri = to steal

hrit *= mfn. (only ifc.) bringing, carrying, carrying away, seizing &c. (see %{bali-}, %
{taila-}, %{pApa}, %{-bhayahRt} &c.)
hrita = deprived of
hritat.h = heart
hritsthaM = situated in the heart
hrid.h = heart (neut)
hridaya = heart* = n. (ifc. f. {A}) the heart (or region of the heart as the seat of feelings
and sensations; {hRdaye-kR}, `" to take to heart "'), soul, mind (as the seat of mental
operations; {capala-hRdaya}, `" fickleminded "') RV. &c. &c.; the heart or interior of the
body RV. AV. TBr. MBh.; the heart or centre or core or essence or best or dearest or most
secret part of anything AV. &c. &c.; true or divine knowledge MW.; the Veda ib.; science
ib.; (with {prajApateH}) N. of a Sman IndSt.; m. a partic. Sunday BhavP.; ({A}) f. N. of
a mare Hariv.; mfn. going to the heart BhgP. (fr. {hRd} + {aya} Sch.)
hridayaM = heart
hridayasthaM = heart-stationed
hridayaani = hearts
hridayii = in my heart
hridayeshhu = in the hearts of

hridi = in the heart

hriddeshe = in the location of the heart
hridyaaH = pleasing to the heart
hrish* = cl. 1. P. A1. %{ha4rSati}, %{-te} fr. P. only p. %{ha4rSat}), to be excited or
impatient, rejoice in the prospect of, be anxious or impatient for (dat.) RV.; to speak or
affirm falsely, lie Dha1tup. xvii, 59; cl. 4. P. (Dha1tup. xxvi, 119) %{hRSyati} (ep. and m.
c. also %{-te}; pf. %{jaharSa}, %{jahRSuH}; %{jahRSe}, %{-Sire} MBh. &c.; aor. %
{ahRSat} ib.; fut. %{harSitA}, %{harSiSyati} Gr.; inf. %{harSitum} ib.; ind. p. %{hRSya} MBh. &c.), to thrill with rapture, rejoice, exult, be glad or pleased Pa1rGr2. Mn.
MBh. &c.; to become sexually excited Sus3r.; to become erect or stiff or rigid, bristle
(said of the hairs of the body &c.), become on edge (like the teeth) MBh. BhP.: Pass. %
{hRSyate} (aor. %{aharSi}) Gr.: Caus. %{harSa4yati}, %{-te} (aor. %{ajIhRSat}, or %
{ajaharSat}), to excite, make impatient or eager for (victory &c.) RV. &c. &c.; to rejoice,
be glad Mn. MBh.; to cause to bristle Cat.: Desid. %{jiharSiSati} Gr.: Intens. %
{jarIhRSyate}, %{jarharSTi} &c. (Ved. forms %{jarhRSanta}, %{ja4rhRSANa} and %
{jAhRSANa4}), to be impatient or excited RV. VS. A1s3vS3r.; to excite violently RV. [Cf.
Lat. {horreo} for {horseo}.]
hrishhitaH = gladdened
hrishhiikesha = O master of all senses
hrishiikes'a* = m. (perhaps = {hRSI-keza} cf. {hRSI-vat} above) id. ({-tva} n.) MBh.
Hariv. &c.; N. of the tenth month VarBriS.; of a Trtha Cat.; of a poet ib.; lord of the

senses (said of Manas) BhP.; {-zA7zrama} m. N. of a man Cat.

hrishhiikeshaM = unto Lord KRishhNa
hrishhiikeshaH = Hrishkes'a (KRishhNa, the Lord who directs the senses of the
devotees)
hrishhTaromaa = with his bodily hairs standing on end due to his great ecstasy
hrishhyati = takes pleasure
hrishhyaami = I am enjoying
hrishtha * = mfn. thrilling with rapture, rejoiced, pleased, glad, merry Mn. MBh. &c.;
bristling, erect, standing on end (said of the hairs of the body) MBh. R. &c.; rigid, stiff
Hariv.; blunted (cf. {hRSita}) Pat.; surprised, astonished ib.
hrit *= hRt mfn. (only ifc.) bringing, carrying, carrying away, seizing &c. (see %{bali-}, %
{taila-}, %{pApa}, %{-bhayahRt} &c.)// 2 in comp. for %{hRd}.
hu *= 1 cl. 3. P. (Dha1tup. xxv , 1) %{jho4ti} (Ved. and ep. also A1. %{juhute4} 3. p. pr.
%{ju4h} 3. pl. pr. %{jilhvati} , %{-te} RV. &c. [1301,1] ; 2. sg. Impv. %{juhudhi4} Br. &c.
; %{hoSi} RV. ; p. P. %{ju4hvat} ; A1. %{ju4hvAna} [also with pass. sense] ; 3. pl. impf.
%{a4juhavuH} ib. ; pf. P. %{juhAva} , %{juhuvuH} MBh. ; A1. %{juhuve} R. ; %{juhve4}
, %{juhure4} RV. ; %{juhvire} Br. ; %{juhavAM-cakAra} ib. Up. ; %{juhavAm-Asa} Vop.
; aor. %{ahauSIt} Br. &c. ; Prec. %{hUyAt} Gr. ; fut. %{hotA} ib. ; %{hoSya4ti} , %{-te}
AV. &c. ; Cond. %{ahoSyat} Br. ; inf. %{ho4tum} , %{-tos} , %{-tavai4} , and ind. p. %
{hutvA} ib. &c.) , to sacrifice (esp. pour butter into the fire) , offer or present an oblation

(acc. or gen.) to (dat.) or in (loc.) , sacrifice to , worship or honour (acc.) with (instr.) RV.
&c. &c. ; to sprinkle on (loc.) Ya1jn5. ; to eat Vop.: Pass. %{hUya4te} (aor. %{a4hAvi}) ,
to be offered or sacrificed RV. &c. &c.: Caus. %{hAvayati} (aor. %{ajUhavat}) , to cause
to sacrifice or to be sacrificed or to be honoured with sacrifice Gr2S3rS. &c.: Desid. %
{juhUSati} , to wish to sacrifice MBh. R.: Intens. %{johavIti} (impf. %{ajohavIt} or %
{ajuhavIt} BhP.) , %{johUyate} , %{johoti} (Gr.) , to offer oblations repeatedly or
abundantly. [Cf. Gk. $ in $ (for $) , $ , $ ; Lat. &392811[1301 ,1] {fu1tis} , `" water-pot.
"']\\ 2 ind. an exclamation in %{huM@hu} , %{hUM@hu} &c. Sarasv.
hum *= or %{hUm} ind. an exclamation (of remembrance, doubt, interrogation, assent,
anger, reproach, fear &c., not translatable); a mystical syllable used in spells and
magical texts or sentences; in Vedic ritual used immediately before the singing of the
Prasta1va or prelude as well as during the chanting of the Pratiha1ra or response S3rS.
MBh. Ka1v. &c.
huM *= in comp. for %{hum}.
hUm *= ind. an exclamation or interjection &c.; see %{hum}
huta = offerings (usually made to a fire)
hutaM = offered
hutabhuk.h = fire (one who eats offerings)
hutaashavaktraM = fire coming out of Your mouth
huu *= 1 weak form of %{hve} , p. 1308.\\2 mfn. calling , invoking (see %{indra-} , %

{deva-} , %{pitR-hU} &c.)\\3 ind. an exclamation of contempt , grief &c. (%{hU@hU} ,

the yelling of a jackal VarBr2S.)
hyaH = yesterday

I
icchaa *= f. wish , desire , inclination , K.: Mn. Ya1jn5. Pan5cat. Ragh. &c. ; (in math.)
a question or problem ; (in gram.) the desiderative form APra1t. ; (%{icchayA} ind.
according to wish or desire Pan5cat. Hit. Megh. &c. ; %{icchAM@ni-grah} , to suppress
one's desire.)
icchaka *= mfn. wishing , desirous of (cf. %{yathe7cchakam}) ; m. Citrus Medica L. ;
(in arithm.) the sum or result sought L.
ichchh.h = to wish
ichchha = the will
ichchhati = (6 up) to wish
icchataa * = f. or desire, wishfulness L.
icchatva * = n. desire, wishfulness L.

ichchhan.h = present participle of ishh, to wish

ichchhantaH = desiring
ichchhasi = you wish
ichchhaa = desire
ichchhaami = do I wish
iD * = (fr. 1. %{iS} ; connected with %{i4rA} q.v. ; only in inst. gen. abl. sing., and acc.
pl. %{iDA4} and %{iDa4s} ; or, according to the spelling of the R2igveda, %{iLA4} and %
{iLa4s}), a refreshing draught, refreshment, libation offered to the gods RV. ; the flow of
speech, the stream of sacred words and worship, prayer ; (Sa1y.) the earth, food RV. VS.
; (%{iDas}, or %{iLas}) pl. the objects of devotion (a particular form of Agni addressed in
the fourth verse of the A1pri1 hymn RV. i, 13) RV. iii, 4, 3 ; (erroneously also referred to
in the Bra1hman2as &c. as if etymologically connected with the words %{IDya}, %
{IDita}, %{ILita}, `" the praiseworthy "', `" the praised "', which are used in other
passages as the designation of the same object of worship) VS. AitBr. S3Br. A1s3vS3r.
&c.
id * = ind. Ved. (probably the neut. form of the pronom. base %{i} see 3. %{i} ; a particle
of affirmation) even, just, only ; indeed, assuredly (especially, in strengthening an
antithesis, e.g. %{ya4thA@va4zanti@devA4s@ta4he74d@asat}, as the gods wish it, thus
indeed it will be RV. viii, 28, 4 ; %{di4psanta@i4d@ripa4vo@nA74ha@debhuH}, the
enemies wishing indeed to hurt were in nowise able to hurt RV. i, 147, 3). %{id} is often
added to words expressing excess or exclusion (e.g. %{vizva@it}, every one indeed ; %

{zazvad@it}, constantly indeed ; %{eka@it}, one only). At the beginning of sentences it

often adds emphasis to pronouns, prepositions, particles (e.g. %{tvam@it}, thou indeed ;
%{yadi@it}, if indeed, &c.) %{id} occurs often in the R2ig-veda and Atharva-veda,
seldom in the Bra1hman2as, and its place is taken in classical Sanskr2it by %{eva} and
other particles.
idaM = this* = 1 {aya4m}, {iya4m}, {ida4m} (fr. {id} Un. iv, 156; g. {sarvA7di} Pn. 1-1,
27 Vop.; a kind of neut. of the pronom. base 3. {i} with {am} [cf. Lat. {is}, {ea}, {id}, and
{idem}]; the regular forms are partly derived from the pronom. base {a}; see Gr. 224;
the Veda exhibits various irregular formations e.g. fr. pronom. base {a}, an inst. {enA4},
{ayA4} [used in general adverbially], and gen. loc. du. {ayo4s}, and perhaps also
{avo4s}, in RV. vi, 67, 11; vii, 67, 4; x, 132, 5 [BRD.]; fr. the base {ima}, a gen. sing.
{ima4sya}, only RV.; the RV. has in a few instances the irregular accentuation {a4smai},
v, 39, 5, &c.; {a4sya}, iv, 15, 5, &c.; {A4bhis}, vi, 25, 2, &c.: the forms derived fr. {a} are
used enclitically if they take the place of the third personal pronoun, do not stand at the
beginning of a verse or period, and have no peculiar stress laid upon them), this, this
here, referring to something near the speaker; known, present; (opposed to {adas} e.g.
{ayaM lokaH} or {idaM vizvam} or {idaM sarvam}, this earthly world, this universe;
{ayam agniH}, this fire which burns on the earth; but {asAv agniH}, that fire in the sky, i.
e. the lightning: so also {idam} or {iyam} alone sometimes signifies `" this earth "'; {ime
smaH}, here we are.) {idam} often refers to something immediately following, whereas
{etad} points to what precedes (e.g. {zrutvai9tad idam UcuH}, having heard that they
said this). {idam} occurs connected with {yad}, {tad}, {etad}, {kim}, and a personal
pronoun, partly to point out anything more distinctly and emphatically, partly
pleonastically (e.g. {tad idaM vAkyam}, this speech here following [165, 3]; {so 'yaM
vidUSakaH}, this Vidshaka here).

idam* = 2 ind. [Ved. and in a few instances in classical Sanskriit] here, to this place;
now, even, just; there; with these words RV. AV. S'Br. AitBr. ChUp.; in this manner R. ii,
53, 31 S'ak. (v.l. for {iti} in {kim iti joSam Asyate}, 202, 8).
idaaniiM = now
idrik.h = as it is
iDaa = the channel on the left of the spine
iDyaM = worshipable
iha = here * = ind. (fr. pronom. base 3. %{i}), in this place, here ; to this place ; in this
world ; in this book or system ; in this case (e.g. %{tene7ha@na}, `" therefore not in this
case "' i.e. the rule does not apply here) ; now, at this time RV. &c. &c. ; [cf. Zend {idha},
`" here "' [170,1] ; Gk. $ or $ in $ and $ ; Goth. {ith} ; &53164[170,1] perhaps Lat. {igitur}.]
ihaiva = in the present bodyijyate = is performed
iheha *= ind. here and there, now and then, repeatedly; {-mAtR} m. one whose mother is
here and there i.e. everywhere RV. vi, 59, 1.
iidrishhaM = like this
iiD *= 1 cl. 2. A1. %{I4TTe} (2. sg. pres. %{IDiSe}, Ved. %{ILiSe} pf. %{IDe4} fut. %
{IDiSyate} aor. %{aiDiSTa}. inf. %{IDitum}, Ved. %{ILe}, &c.) to implore, request, ask
for (with two acc.) ; to praise RV. AV. \\ 2 %{T} f. praise, extolling RV. viii, 39, 1.

iiDya *= mfn. to be invoked or implored ; to be praised or glorified, praiseworthy,

laudable RV. AV. VS. S3Br. Ragh. &c.
iih *= cl. 1. A1. %{Ihate}, %{IhAM-cakre}, %{IhiSyate}, %{Ihitum}, rarely P. %{Ihati},
&c., to endeavour to obtain ; to aim at, attempt ; to long for, desire ; to take care of ; to
have in mind, think of (with acc.) MBh. R. BhP. Bhag. Pan5cat. &c.: Caus. %{Ihayati}, to
impel. [171,3]
iiha *= m. attempt (see %{Urdhve7ha}) ; (%{A}) f. effort, exertion, activity Mn. MBh.
R. &c. ; request, desire, wish R. Sa1h. MBh. &
iihita * mfn. sought, attempted, striven for; wished, desired; ({am}) n. desire, request,
wish, effort Hit. Kaths. Prab. &c.
iih.h = to wish
iihate = he aspires
iihante = they desire
iihaa = wish
iihatas * = ind. diligently, energetically, by or with labour or exertion.
iiksh.h = to see
iikshaNa = seeing

iikshaNaM = eyes
iips* = (Desid. of {Ap} q.v.), to wish to obtain.
iipsana* = n. desiring or wishing to obtain L.
iipsaa* = f. asking, desire or wish to obtain MBh. R.
iipsita* = mfn. wished, desired; ({am}) n. desire, wish MBh. R. Ragh. Kaths.
iipsitatama* = mfn. most desired, immediately aimed at (as the object of an action) Pn.
1-4, 49.
iipsu* = mfn. striving to obtain; wishing to get or obtain, desirous of (with acc.) Mn.
MBh. Ragh. R. &c.
iipsuyajJa* = m. a particular Soma sacrifice KtyS'r.
iirita *= mfn. sent, despatched ; said, uttered.
iiritaakuuta *= n. declared purpose or intention.
iirya *= mfn. to be excited.
iiryaa *= f. wandering about as a religious mendicant (i.e. without hurting any
creature).
iis'itaa *= f. or superiority, supremacy, one of the eight attributes of S3iva MBh. BhP

iiksha *= mf(%{I})n. ifc. seeing, looking, visiting (see %{tiryag-IkSa}, %{vadhv-IkSa}) ;

(%{A}) f. sight, viewing ; considering BhP. Nya1yad. ; (%{am}) n. anything seen S3Br.
vii, 1, 2, 23 (merely for the etym. of %{antarikSa}).
iikshaka *= m. a spectator, beholder S3Br. A1s3vGr2. Gobh.
iikshaNa* = n. a look, view, aspect sight KtyS'r. Lthy. Kaths. Pacat. Ratnv. &c.;
regarding, looking after, caring for Mn.; eye MBh. R. Sus'r. S'ak. &c.
iikshate = (1 ap) to see
iikshaka* = m. a spectator, beholder S'Br. s'vGri. Gobh.
iikshaNiiya* = mfn. to be seen or perceived.
iikshamaaNa *= mfn. looking at , surveying VS. R.
iikshamaaNa* = mfn. looking at, surveying VS. R.
iikshaNika* = {as}, {A} mf. and m. a looker into the future, a fortune-teller VarBriS.
iikshaNiika* = m. a looker into the future, a fortune-teller VarBriS.
iikshita *= mfn. seen , beheld , regarded ; (%{am}) n. a look S3ak. 45 a Prab.
iirma = (m) arm
iirsha = jelousy

iis' * = 1 cl. 2. A1. %{I4STe}, or Ved. %{I4ze} (2. sg. %{I4ziSe} and %{I4kSe} RV. iv, 20,
8 ; vi, 19, 10 ; Pot. 1. sg. %{I4zIya} pf. 3. pl. %{Izire}, %{IziSyati}, %{Izitum}) to own,
possess RV. MBh. Bhat2t2. ; to belong to RV. ; to dispose of, be valid or powerful ; to be
master of (with gen., or Ved. with gen. of an inf., or with a common inf., or the loc. of an
abstract noun) RV. AV. TS. S3Br. MBh. Ragh. &c. ; to command ; to rule, reign RV. AV.
S3Br. &c. ; to behave like a master, allow Kat2hUp. ; [cf. Goth. {aigan}, `" to have "' ;
Old Germ. {eigan}, `" own "' ; Mod. Germ. {eigen}.]\\2 %{T} m. master, lord, the
supreme spirit VS. &c. ; N. of S3iva.
iisha = God
iis'a4 * = mfn. owning, possessing, sharing; one who is completely master of anything;
capable of (with gen.); powerful, supreme; a ruler, master, lord Mn. S'Br. MBh. Kum.
&c.; m. a husband L.; a Rudra; the number `" eleven "' (as there are eleven Rudras); N.
of S'iva as regent of the north-east quarter MBh. Hariv. R. S'ak. &c.; N. of S'iva; of
Kuvera; ({A4}) f. faculty, power, dominion AV. VS. S'Br.
iis'a * m. lord in lord in heaven pl. N. of the dityas, Vasu and Rudra Hcat. i, 6. (For
other comp. see under {diva4s}, {divA}, 2. {divi4}, {divo} 3. {dyu4}.)
iishaa* = f. (said to be fr. 1. {IS}), the pole or shafts of a carriage or plough; ({e}) f. du.
the double or fork-shaped pole RV. iii, 53, 17; viii, 5, 29 AV. viii, 8, 23; xi, 3, 9 S'Br.
KtyS'r. MBh. &c.; a plank, board VarBriS.; a particular measure, S'ulb.
iisha* = m. the month s'vina see {iSa}; a son of the third Manu; a servant of S'iva.
iishaa* = f. (said to be fr. 1. {IS}), the pole or shafts of a carriage or plough; ({e}) f. du.

the double or fork-shaped pole RV. iii, 53, 17; viii, 5, 29 AV. viii, 8, 23; xi, 3, 9 S'Br.
KtyS'r. MBh. &c.; a plank, board VarBriS.; a particular measure, S'ulb.
iizana *= n. commanding , reigning S3vetUp.
iizaana *= mfn. owning , possessing , wealthy ; reigning RV. AV. VS. S3Br. &c. ; m. a
ruler , master , one of the older names of S3iva-Rudra AV. VS. S3Br. MBh. Kum. &c. ;
one of the Rudras ; the sun as a form of S3iva ; a Sa1dhya ; N. of Vishn2u ; N. of a man ;
(%{A}) f. N. of Durga1 ; (%{I}) f. the silk-cotton tree , Bombax Heptaphyllum L. ; (%
{am}) n. light , splendour L.
iis'itaa * = f. or superiority, supremacy, one of the eight attributes of S3iva MBh. BhP.
iis'vara* = mfn. able to do, capable of (with gen. of Vedic inf., or with common inf.),
liable, exposed to AV. TS. S3Br. AitBr. Kum. Hit. &c.; (%{as}, %{I}) mf. master, lord,
prince, king, mistress, queen AV. S3Br. Ragh. Mn. &c.; m. a husband MBh.; God; the
Supreme Being Mn. Sus3r. Ya1jn5. &c.; the supreme soul (%{Atman}); S3iva; one of the
Rudras; the god of love; N. of a prince; the number `" eleven "'; (%{A} or %{I}) f. N. of
Durga1; of Lakshmi1; of any other of the S3aktis or female energies of the deities; N. of
several plants L.
iisha* = m. the month s'vina see {iSa}; a son of the third Manu; a servant of S'iva.
iishannimayamfn. exchanged for a little L.
iishaavaasyaM = inhabited or manifested by the Master
iishvara = lord, the capable (here)* * = mfn. able to do, capable of (with gen. of Vedic

inf., or with common inf.), liable, exposed to AV. TS. S'Br. AitBr. Kum. Hit. &c.; ({as},
{I}) mf. master, lord, prince, king, mistress, queen AV. S'Br. Ragh. Mn. &c.; m. a
husband MBh.; God; the Supreme Being Mn. Sus'r. Yj. &c.; the supreme soul
({Atman}); S'iva; one of the Rudras; the god of love; N. of a prince; the number `" eleven
"'; ({A} or {I}) f. N. of Durg; of Lakshm; of any other of the S'aktis or female energies of
the deities; N. of several plants L.
iishvaraM = the Supersoul
iishvaraH = the Supreme Lord
iishvarapraaNidhaana = attentiveness to god
iis'itaa* = f. or superiority, supremacy, one of the eight attributes of S'iva MBh. BhP.
iis'itva* = n. superiority, supremacy, one of the eight attributes of S'iva MBh. BhP.
iis'varapraNidhaana* = n. devotion to God, Vedntas
iis'vara* = mfn. able to do, capable of (with gen. of Vedic inf., or with common inf.),
liable, exposed to AV. TS. S'Br. AitBr. Kum. Hit. &c.; ({as}, {I}) mf. master, lord, prince,
king, mistress, queen AV. S'Br. Ragh. Mn. &c.; m. a husband MBh.; God; the Supreme
Being Mn. Sus'r. Yj. &c.; the supreme soul ({Atman}); S'iva; one of the Rudras; the
god of love; N. of a prince; the number `" eleven "'; ({A} or {I}) f. N. of Durg; of
Lakshm; of any other of the S'aktis or female energies of the deities; N. of several plants
L.
iis'itavya* = mfn. to be reigned or ruled over BhP.

iis'itR* = {tA} m. a master, owner, proprietor; a king S'vetUp. Prab.

iis'itA* = f. or superiority, supremacy, one of the eight attributes of S'iva MBh. BhP.
iis'itva* = n. superiority, supremacy, one of the eight attributes of S'iva MBh. BhP.
iiti * = 1 f. (fr. 4. {I}?), plague, distress, any calamity of the season (as drought, excessive
rain, swarm of rats, foreign invasion, &c.); infectious disease MBh. R. Sus'r. &c.; an
affray L.; travelling in foreign countries, sojourning L.
iiyakSamANa * = = {i4yakSamANa} (fr. {iyakS}) q.v. MaitrS. ii, 10, 6.
iiya-cakSas * = fn. ({Iya} fr. {i}), of pervading or far-reaching sight RV. v, 66, 6.
ijyayaa = by worship
ikshuH = sugarcane
ikshvaakave = unto King IksvakuimaM = (from idaM) this
iLA * = (not to be confounded with the inst. case of %{iD} above), refreshing draught,
refreshment, animation, recreation, comfort, vital spirit RV. AV. AitBr.; offering,
libation (especially a holy libation, offered between the Pra-ya1ga and Anu-ya1ga, and
consisting of four preparations of milk, poured into a vessel containing water, and then
partially drunk by the priest and sacrificers; personified in the cow, the symbol of
feeding, and nourishment) S3Br. i, 8, 1, 1, &c. AitBr. Ka1tyS3r. Kaus3.; (metaphorically
cf. %{id}), stream or flow of praise and worship (personified as the goddess of sacred
speech and action, invoked together with Aditi and other deities, but especially in the

A1pri1 hymns together with Sarasvati1 and Mahi1 or Bha1rati1) RV. AV. VS. &c. [164,3];
the earth, food Sa1y.; a cow; the goddess %{iDA} or %{iLA} (daughter of Manu or of man
thinking on and worshipping the gods; she is the wife of Budha and mother of Puru1ravas; in another aspect she is called Maitra1varun2i as daughter of Mitra-Varun2a, two
gods who were objects of the highest and most spiritual devotion); N. of Durga1; of a
daughter of Daksha and wife of Kas3yapa; of a wife of Vasudeva and of the Rudra R2itadhvaja; speech BhP.; heaven L.; earth MBh.; a particular artery on the left side of the
body; a tubular vessel (one of the principal channels of the vital spirit, that which is on
the right side of the body) L.\\= f. (closely connected with %{i4DA} and %{i4rA}, qq.v.)
flow; speech; the earth, &c.; see %{iDA}.
ila * = %{ilA} see %{iDa}, %{i4DA}, p. 164, col. 2, and %{i4lA} below.
ima* = * the base of some cases of the demonstrative pronoun {ida4m} q.v. (acc. sg. m.
{ima4m} f. {imA4m} [168, 1]; nom. pl. m. {ime4}, &c.; irregular gen. sg. {ima4sya} RV.
viii, 13, 21 [once]).
imaaH = all these
imaan.h = these
ime = these
imau = these
ingate = waver

indiraa = Goddess Lakshmi

indiraaramaNa = Vishnu, Husband of Goddess Lakshmi
indu = moon
indugopa = a centipede commonly seen during rainy season
indra m. (for etym. as given by native authorities see Nir. x, 8 Sa1y. on RV. i, 3, 4 Un2.
ii, 28; according to BRD. fr. %{in} = %{inv} with suff. %{ra} preceded by inserted %{d},
meaning `" to subdue, conquer "' [166,2]; according to Muir, S. T. v, 119, for %{sindra}
fr. %{syand}, `" to drop "'; more probably from %{ind}, `" to drop "' q.v., and connected
with %{indu} above), the god of the atmosphere and sky; the Indian Jupiter Pluvius or
lord of rain (who in Vedic mythology reigns over the deities of the intermediate region or
atmosphere; he fights against and conquers with his thunder-bolt [%{vajra}] the demons
of darkness, and is in general a symbol of generous heroism; %{indra} was not originally
lord of the gods of the sky, but his deeds were most useful to mankind, and he was
therefore addressed in prayers and hymns more than any other deity, and ultimately
superseded the more lofty and spiritual Varun2a; in the later mythology %{indra} is
subordinated to the triad Brahman, Vishn2u, and S3iva, but remained the chief of all
other deities in the popular mind) RV. AV. S3Br. Mn. MBh. R. &c. &c.; (he is also regent
of the east quarter, and considered one of the twelve A1dityas) Mn. R. Sus3r. &c.; in the
Veda1nta he is identified with the supreme being; a prince; ifc. best, excellent, the first,
the chief (of any class of objects; cf. %{sure7ndra}, %{rAje7ndra}, %{parvate7ndra}, &c.)
Mn. Hit.; the pupil of the right eye (that of the left being called Indra1n2i1 or Indra's
wife) S3Br. Br2A1rUp.; the number fourteen, Su1ryas; N. of a grammarian; of a
physician; the plant Wrightia Antidysenterica (see %{kuTaja}) L.; a vegetable poison L.;

the twenty-sixth Yoga or division of a circle on the plane of the ecliptic; the Yoga star in
the twenty-sixth Nakshatra, $ Pegasi; the human soul, the portion of spirit residing in the
body; night L.; one of the nine divisions of Jambu-dvi1pa or the known continent L.; (%
{A}) f. the wife of Indra see %{indrANI}; N. of a plant L.; (%{I}) f. N. of an attendant of
Devi1.
indraH = the god Indra
indrachaapa = (m) rainbow
indradhanuH = (m) rainbow
indrapramati* = m. a pupil of Paila and author of some verses of the Riig-veda RAnukr.
BhP. VP. AgP.
indrapramada* = m. N. of a man.
indraprasUta* = ({i4ndra-}) mfn. caused or impelled by Indra RV. x, 66, 2.
indraprastha* = n. `" Indra's place "'N. of a city (now called Delhi, the residence of the
Pndavas) MBh.
indrapraharaNa* = n. Indra's weapon, the thunderbolt L.
indriya = organ of sense or action* = mfn. fit for or belonging to or agreeable to Indra
RV. AV. VS.; m. a companion of Indra(?) RV. i, 107, 2 AV. xix, 27, 1; ({am}) n. power,
force, the quality which belongs especially to the mighty Indra RV. AV. VS. TS. AitBr.
S'Br.; exhibition of power, powerful act RV. VS.; bodily power, power of the senses; virile

power AV. VS. S'Br.; semen virile VS. KtyS'r. MBh. &c.; faculty of sense, sense, organ of
sense AV. Sus'r. Mn. Ragh. Kir. &c.; the number five as symbolical of the five senses. (In
addition to the five organs of perception, {buddhI7ndriyANi} or {jJAne7ndriyANi}, i.e.
eye, ear, nose, tongue, and skin, the Hinds enumerate five organs of action,
{karme7ndriyANi} i.e. larynx, hand, foot, anus, and parts of generation; between these
ten organs and the soul or {Atman} stands {manas} or mind, considered as an eleventh
organ; in the Vednta, {manas}, {buddhi}, {ahaMkAra}, and {citta} form the four inner
or internal organs, {antar-indriyANi}, so that according to this reckoning the organs are
fourteen in number, each being presided over by its own ruler or {niyantR}; thus, the eye
by the Sun, the ear by the Quarters of the world, the nose by the two As'vins, the tongue
by Pracetas, the skin by the Wind, the voice by Fire, the hand by Indra, the foot by
Vishnu, the anus by Mitra, the parts of generation by Prajpati, manas by the Moon,
buddhi by Brahman, ahankra by S'iva, citta by Vishnu as Acyuta; in the Nyya
philosophy each organ is connected with its own peculiar element, the nose with the
Earth, the tongue with Water, the eye with Light or Fire, the skin with Air, the ear with
Ether; the Jainas divide the whole creation into five sections, according to the number of
organs attributed to each being.)
indriyaH = senses
indriyagocharaaH = the objects of the senses
indriyagraamaM = the full set of senses
indriyajaya = mastery of the senses by controlling the desires
indriyasya = of the senses

indriyasyaarthe = in the sense objects

indriyaaNaaM = of the senses
indriyaaNi = the senses
indriyaaraamaH = satisfied in sense gratification
indriyaarthaan.h = sense objects
indriyaarthebhyaH = from the sense objects
indriyaartheshhu = in sense gratification
indriyebhyaH = more than the senses
indriyaiH = by the senses
indro = the Lord Indra
indra * = m.m. (for etym. as given by native authorities see Nir. x, 8 Sy. on RV. i, 3, 4
Un. ii, 28; according to BRD. fr. {in} = {inv} with suff. {ra} preceded by inserted {d},
meaning `" to subdue, conquer "' [166, 2]; according to Muir, S. T. v, 119, for {sindra} fr.
{syand}, `" to drop "'; more probably from {ind}, `" to drop "' q.v., and connected with
{indu} above), the god of the atmosphere and sky; the Indian Jupiter Pluvius or lord of
rain (who in Vedic mythology reigns over the deities of the intermediate region or
atmosphere; he fights against and conquers with his thunder-bolt [{vajra}] the demons
of darkness, and is in general a symbol of generous heroism; {indra} was not originally

lord of the gods of the sky, but his deeds were most useful to mankind, and he was
therefore addressed in prayers and hymns more than any other deity, and ultimately
superseded the more lofty and spiritual Varuna; in the later mythology {indra} is
subordinated to the triad Brahman, Vishnu, and S'iva, but remained the chief of all other
deities in the popular mind) RV. AV. S'Br. Mn. MBh. R. &c. &c.; (he is also regent of the
east quarter, and considered one of the twelve dityas) Mn. R. Sus'r. &c.; in the Vednta
he is identified with the supreme being; a prince; ifc. best, excellent, the first, the chief
(of any class of objects; cf. {sure7ndra}, {rAje7ndra}, {parvate7ndra}, &c.) Mn. Hit.; the
pupil of the right eye (that of the left being called Indrn or Indra's wife) S'Br. BrirUp.;
the number fourteen, Sryas; N. of a grammarian; of a physician; the plant Wrightia
Antidysenterica (see {kuTaja}) L.; a vegetable poison L.; the twenty-sixth Yoga or
division of a circle on the plane of the ecliptic; the Yoga star in the twenty-sixth
Nakshatra, $ Pegasi; the human soul, the portion of spirit residing in the body; night L.;
one of the nine divisions of Jambu-dvpa or the known continent L.; ({A}) f. the wife of
Indra see {indrANI}; N. of a plant L.; ({I}) f. N. of an attendant of Dev.
indhana = fuel
irya *= mfn. active, powerful, energetical ; N. of Pu1shan and of the As3vins ;
instigating ; destroying enemies [Sa1y.] ; a lord RV. AV.
isha* = 1 mfn. seeking (see {gav-iSa}). \\=2 mfn. possessing sap and strength; well-fed,
strong; sappy, juicy, fertile RV.; m. N. of the month s'vina, September-October) VS.
S'Br. Sus'r. VP.; N. of a Riishi BhP.
ishu * = {us} mf. an arrow RV. AV. VS. MBh. Ragh. S'ak. &c.; (in mathematics) a versed
sine; N. of a Soma ceremony KtyS'r.; the number five Sh.; N. of a particular

constellation VarBri. xii, 7. [According to Daynanda {iSu} may mean `" ray of light "';
cf. Gk. $; &52843[168, 3] Zd. {ishu}.]
ishat.h = a little
ishhubhiH = with arrows
ishtha = of all desirable things
ishthaM = leading to heaven
ishthaaH = palatable
ishthaan.h = desired
ishthikaa = (f) brick
ishthvaa = worshiping
ishtha* = 1 mfn. (for 2. see s.v.), sought S'Br.; wished, desired; liked, beloved; agreeable;
cherished RV. S'Br. KtyS'r. Mn. Pacat. S'ak. &c.; reverenced, respected; regarded as
good, approved Mn. Snkhyak.; valid; m. a lover, a husband S'ak. 83 c; the plant Ricinus
Communis L.; ({A}) f. N. of a plant L.; ({am}) n. wish, desire RV. AV. AitBr. Mn. R.;
({am}) ind. voluntarily.\\2 mfn. (p.p. fr. {yaj}; for 1. {iSTa4} see col. 2) sacrificed,
worshipped with sacrifices VS. S'Br. KtyS'r. AitBr. &c.; m. sacrifice MrkP. xiii, 15;
({am}) n. sacrificing, sacrifice; sacred rite, sacrament L.
ishthadeva* = m. (L.) or a chosen tutelary deity, favourite god, one particularly

worshipped (cf. {abhI7STa-devatA}).

ishthadevataa* = f. a chosen tutelary deity, favourite god, one particularly worshipped
(cf. {abhI7STa-devatA}).
ishthayaaman* = ({iSTa4-}) mfn. going according to desire RV. ix, 88, 3.
ishthavrata* = mfn. that by which good ({iSTa}) works ({vrata}) succeed [Sy.] RV. iii,
59, 9.
ishthArtha* = m. anything desired or agreeable; (mfn.) one who has obtained a desired
object MBh. R.; {-rtho7dyukta} mfn. zealous or active for a desired object.
ishthAvat* = mfn. possessing a desired object (?) AV. xviii, 3, 20 [perhaps and belonging
to 2. {iSTa}].
ishthakRt* = mfn. performing a sacrifice Comm. on KtyS'r.
ishthayajus* = ({iSTa4-}) mfn. one who has spoken the sacrificial verses VS. TS.
ishthakaa* = f. a brick in general; a brick used in building the sacrificial altar VS. AitBr.
S'Br. KtyS'r. Mriicch. &c.
ishthakaavat* = mfn. possessed of bricks Pn.
ishthi* =1 f. impulse, acceleration, hurry; invitation; order; despatch RV.\\* =2 f.
seeking, going after RV.; endeavouring to obtain; wish, request, desire RV. VS. &c.; any
desired object; a desired rule, a desideratum, a N. applied to the statement of

grammarians who are considered as authoritative.\\* =3 f. sacrificing, sacrifice; an

oblation consisting of butter, fruits, &c., opposed to the sacrifice of an animal or Soma
RV. i, 166, 14; x, 169, 2 S3Br. A1s3vS3r. Ya1jn5. Mn. S3ak. Ragh. &c.
it * = 1 ifc. going, going towards; cf. %{arthe74t}; (for 2. %{it} see s.v.)\\2 (in Gr.) an
indicatory letter or syllable attached to roots &c. (= %{anubandha} q.v.)
\\ for the Ved. particle %{id} q.v.
ita * = mfn. ifc. gone ; returned ; obtained (cf. %{anita}, %{ud-ita}, &c.) ; remembered
L. ; (%{a4m}) n. way S3Br.
itha * = m. a kind of reed or grass ; a texture woven from it, a mat AV. vi, 14, 3 ; ix, 3, 18
; N. of a R2ishi (author of RV. x, 171) RAnukr.
itaH = besides this
i4tara = Other* == mf({A})n. (the neuter is {ad} in classical Sanskriit, but {am} [{ad}
S'Br.] in Ved. Pn. 7-1, 25, 26; comparative form of pronom. base 3. {i}; cf. Lat.
{iterum}; Hib. {iter}), the other (of two), another; (pl, ) the rest; (with abl.) different
from RV. AV. S'Br. MBh. R. Mn. Ragh. Hit. &c.; low, vile Kd.; expelled, rejected L.;
({A}) f. said to be a N. of the mother of Aitareya; ({ad}) ind. whereas, whilst Subh.;
{itara}, {itara}, the one - the other, this - that. ({itara} connected antithetically with a
preceding word often signifies the contrary idea e.g. {vijayAya itarAya vA} [MBh.], to
victory or defeat; so in Dvandva compounds, {sukhe7tareSu} [S'vetUp.], in happiness
and distress; it sometimes, however, forms a Tat-purusha compound with another word
to express the one idea implied in the contrary of that word, e.g. {dakSiNe7tara}, the left
hand.)

i4tarajana* = m. an ordinary man S'rng.; ({As}) m. pl. `" other men "'; a euphemistic
name of certain beings who appear to be considered as spirits of darkness (Kuvera
belongs to them) AV. VS. TS. MaitrS. GopBr.
i4tarajaatiiya* = mfn. ordinary, common-place.
i4taratas* = ind. otherwise than, different from; from or to another direction KtyS'r.
S'Br. &c.; ({itazce7taratazca}, hither and thither R.)
i4taratra* = ind. elsewhere BhP.; on the other hand, else Yogas.
itarathaa* = ind. in another manner, in a contrary manner; perversely; on the other
hand, else S'Br. KtyS'r. S'is'. &c.
itarapaaNi* = m. the left hand s'vGri. iv, 7, 13.
itarAGga* = mfn. being a means to another, ancillary to another Sh. 266.
itaraH = common
itaretara = mutual, each-other
itas *= ind. (fr. 3. %{i} with affix %{tas}, used like the abl. case of the pronoun %
{idam}), from hence, hence, here, (opposed to %{amu-tas} and %{amu-tra}) RV. AV.
S3Br. S3ak. &c. ; from this point ; from this world, in this world S3Br. ChUp. Prab. &c. ;
(%{itas}, %{itas}, here - there ; %{itazce7tazca}, hence and thence, hither and thither,
here and there, to and fro) ; from this time, now RV. AV. MBh. &c. ; therefore R.

itastataH = (indecl) here and there

ith * = cl. 1. P. %{eTati}, %{eTitum} (Dha1tup. ix, 31), to go; to go to or towards; (p. %
{iTa4t} RV. x, 171, 1) to make haste; to err [NBD.]
iti= like that* =1 f. {ityai4} (dat.) see {i} above; (for 2. {iti} see s. v.) \\ 2 ind. (fr.
pronominal base 3. {i}), in this manner, thus (in its original signification {iti} refers to
something that has been said or thought, or lays stress on what precedes; in the
Brhmanas it is often equivalent to `" as you know "', reminding the hearer or reader of
certain customs, conditions, &c. supposed to be known to him). In quotations of every
kind {iti} means that the preceding words are the very words which some person has or
might have spoken, and placed thus at the end of a speech it serves the purpose of
inverted commas ({ity uktvA}, having so said; {iti kRtvA}, having so considered, having
so decided). It may often have reference merely to what is passing in the mind e.g. {bAlo
'pi nA7vamantavyo manuSya iti bhUmipaH}, a king, though a child, is not to be
despised, saying to one's self, `" he is a mortal "', (Gr. 928.) In dram. {iti tathA karoti}
means `" after these words he acts thus. "' Sometimes {iti} is used to include under one
head a number of separate objects aggregated together (e.g. {ijyA7dhyayanadAnAni
tapaH satyaM kSamA damaH} {alobha iti mArgo 'yam}, `" sacrificing, studying,
liberality, penance, truth, patience, self-restraint, absence of desire "', this course of
conduct, &c.) {iti} is sometimes followed by {evam}, {iva}, or a demonstrative pronoun
pleonastically (e.g. {tAm brUyAd bhavatI7ty evam}, her he may call `" lady "', thus). {iti}
may form an adverbial compound with the name of an author (e.g. {iti-pANini}, thus
according to Pnini). It may also express the act of calling attention (lo! behold!) It may
have some other significations e.g. something additional (as in {ityAdi}, et caetera),
order, arrangement specific or distinctive, and identity. It is used by native
commentators after quoting a rule to express `" according to such a rule "' (e.g.

{anudAttaGita ity Atmanepadam bhavati}, according to the rule of Pnini i, 3, 12, the
tmane-pada takes place). {kim iti} = {kim}, wherefore, why? (In the S'atapathabrhmana {ti} occurs for {iti}; cf. Prkriit {ti} and {tti}.)
itihaasa = history
itihaasa(H) = history; epic
ittha *= n. in astron. = $ VarBr2S.
itthaa *= ind. Ved. thus ; (often used in the R2ig-veda, and sometimes only to lay stress
on a following word ; therefore by native etymologists [Nir.] considered as a particle of
affirmation.) %{itthA} is often connected with words expressing devotion to the gods &c.
in the sense of thus, truly, really ; especially with %{dhI} as an adjective. Hence %{itthAdhI} = such, i.e. true (%{satyA}) or real worship. Similarly, %{itthA-dhI4} mfn. so
devout, so pious i.e. very devout ; performing such or true works [Sa1y.] RV. AV.
Kat2hUp.
ityuta = thus it is said
ittham *= ind. (fr. %{id} q.v. Pa1n2. 5-3, 24), thus, in this manner RV. AV. TS. R. S3ak.
&c. ; [cf. Lat. {item}.]
itthaM = like that
itvan *= mf(%{arI})n. going. see %{agre7tvan} and %{prAtar-itvan}.
itvara *= mf(%{I})n. going, walking RV. x, 88, 4 ; travelling ; a traveller ; cruel, harsh

L. ; poor, indigent L. ; low, vile, condemned Pan5cad. ; m. a bull or steer allowed to go at

liberty (v.l. %{iTcara}, q.v.) L. ; (%{I}) f. a disloyal or unchaste woman Ra1jat.
ityetaani = iti+etAni, thus+ these
ityevaM = knowing thus
iyaat *V = gets, may attain, attains, may obtain, schould achieve, continues, he achieves,
iyaM = this
iyakS * = (anom. Desid. of {yaj}) P. {i4yakSati} (Subj. 3. pl. {i4yakSAn} RV. x, 50, 3; p.
{i4yakSat}) . (p. {i4yakSamANa} RV. i, 123, 10 VS. xvii, 69) to go towards, approach; to
request, endeavour to gain; to long for, seek RV. VS.
iyakSu4 * = mfn. Ved. longing for, seeking to gain RV. x, 4, 1.
iyat * = mfn. (fr. pronominal base 3. {i}), so large, only so large; so much, only so much;
of such extent RV. TS. S'Br. AitBr. Pacat. Ragh. &c.; [cf. the syllable {iens}, or {ies} in
such Lat. words as {totiens}, {toties}, {quotiens}, {quoties}, and in numeral adverbs as
{quinquies}.]
iyate V*: it appears like, is perceived, is seen, is mistaken as, is spent, seems,
iyat--c-ciram * = ({iyacciram}) ind. so long, such a time Kaths.
iyat-taka4 * = ({iyat-}) mf({ikA})n. so small, so little RV. i, 191, 11; 15.

iyam * = f. nom. sg. of the demonstrative pronoun {ida4m}, q.v.

iyasya * = aning
(anom. Intens. of {yas}) . {iyasyate}, to relax, weaken; to vanish S'Br.
iyasaa4 * = * = f. lassitude, shrinking S'Br.
iyasita4 * = mfn. shrunk S'Br.; ({a4m}) n. shrinking ib.
iyat * = mfn. (fr. pronominal base 3. %{i}), so large, only so large; so much, only so
much; of such extent RV. TS. S3Br. AitBr. Pan5cat. Ragh. &c.; [cf. the syllable {iens}, or
{ies} in such Lat. words as {totiens}, {toties}, {quotiens}, {quoties}, and in numeral
adverbs as {quinquies}.]
iyattaa * = f. or the state of being, of such extent, quantity, fixed measure or quantity, so
much Ragh. Ka1d. &c
iyesha = (SB) attempted, prepared, desired; (Sastri) feeling inclined; being ready
iva = just like or as if
Jaa
jaaDya = laziness, inability to identify/appreciate good qualities (here)
jaagarti = is wakeful

jaagri = to stay awake * = cl. 2. %{-garti} (cf. Pa1n2. 6-1, 192 ; cl. 1. %{-garati} MBh. xii,
7823 ; 1. sg. irr. %{-gRmi}, 6518 ; 3. pl. %{jA4grati} AV. &c. [Pa1n2. 6-1, 189 Ka1s3.] ;
Impv. %{-gRhi4}, %{-gRtAt}, %{-gRtam}, %{-gRta4} ; Subj. %{-garat} ; Pot. %{-gRyAt},
or %{-griy-} AitBr. viii, 28 &c. ; impf. %{a4jAgar} [RV. x, 104, 9] ; p. %{jA4grat} ; rarely
A1. %{jAgramANa} MBh. ; pf. Ved. %{jA7gA4ra} [RV. AV.], 1. sg. %{-ga4ra} [RV. x, 149,
5], p. %{-gRva4s} [see s.v.] ; pf. class. [Pa1n2. 3-1, 38 ; vii, 3, 85 ; but cf. vi, 1, 8 Va1rtt.1]
%{jajAgAra} or %{jAgaraM-cakAra} ; fut. 2nd %{jAgriSya4ti} TS. &c. [A1. R. ii, 86, 4] ;
fut. 1st %{-ritA} Pa1n2. 7-2, 10 Va1rtt. 1 Pat. ; aor. %{ajAgarIt}, vii, 2, 5 ; Pass. impers. %
{ajagAri}, 3, 85 ; Prec. %{jAgaryAt}, iii, 4, 104 Ka1s3.) to be awake or watchful RV. AV.
&c. ; to awake Pan5cat. iii, 9, 0/1 Hit. ii, 3, 2/3 ; to watch over, be attentive to or intent
on, care for, provide, superintend (with loc. or loc. with %{a4dhi}) RV. AV. &c. (with acc.
Caurap.) ; (said of fire) to go on burning AV. Pra1yas3c. i, 5 ; to be evident W. ; to look on
W.: Caus. (aor. 2. and 3. sg. %{a4jIgar} Impv. %{jigRta4m}, %{-ta4}) to awaken RV. ; %
{jAgarayati}, (Pa1n2. 7-3, 85 ; aor. Pass. impers. %{aJAgari} or %{-gAri} Vop. xviii, 22 ;
xxiv, 6 and 13) id. Hit. ii, 3, 0/1 ; [cf. $ ; Lat. {vi1gilo}.]
jaagrita = alert
jaagrata = (Vr.Imp.IIP.Pl.PP) Wake up; awake
jaagrataavasthaa = complete awareness of the state of the mind
jaagrati = are awake
jaaha * =n. ifc. (g. 2. {karNadi}) the root or point of issue of certain parts of the body cf.
{akSi-}, ({Asya-}), {oSTha-}, {karNa-}, {keza-}, {gulpha-}, {danta-}, {nakha-}, {pAda-},
{priSTha-}, {bhrU-}, {mukha-}.

jaahnavii = the River Ganges

jaala = net * = 1 mfn. watery MBh. iii, 11967 \\ 2 n. a net (for catching birds, fish &c.)
AV. viii, x Ka1tyS3r. Pa1rGr2. &c.; a hairnet A1p.; a net (fig.), snare Ya1jn5. iii, 119 MBh.
iii, 25 R. v Bhartr2. &c.; (in anat.) the omentum Bhpr. ii, 310; a cob-web W.; any
reticulated or woven texture, wire-net, mail-coat, wire-helmet MBh. vff. Hariv. Kum. vii,
59; a lattice, eyelet. R. iii, 61, 13 VarBr2S. lvi, 22; a lattice-window Mn. viii, 132 Ya1jn5. i,
361 Vikr. &c.; `" the web or membrane on the feet of water-birds "' see %{-pAda} the
finger- and toe-membrane of divine beings and godlike personages S3ak. vii, 16; lion's
mane Katha1s. lxxv; a bundle of buds W.; (chiefly ifc.) collection multitude MBh. &c.;
deception, illusion magic Das3. viii, 42 Katha1s. xxiv, 199; pride W.; for %{jAta}, kind,
species S3vetUp. v, 3 R. ii; m. (g %{jvalA7di}) Nauclea Cadamba L.; a small cucumber.
L. Sch.; (%{i}) f. a kind of cucumber L.; cf. %{a4yo- %{indra-}, %{giri-}, %{bRhaj-}.
jaalam.h = (n) net
jaamadagnyajit.h = he who scored a victory over jAmadagni (ParashurAm, the son
jaambavadaashrayaH = he who gave refuge to jhambava(the bear-chieftain of
jaa4na * = 1 n. birth, origin, birth place RV. i, 37, 9 and 95, 3; v, x AV. vii, 76, 5 S'Br. iii,
2, 1, 40. [418, 3] \\ * = 2 m. (fr. {ja4na}) patr. of Vriis'a (= {vaijAna}, `" son of Vijn "'
Sch.) TndyaBr. xiii, 3 Arsh
jaanakaaraaH = knowledgeable
jaanakiivallabhaH = the darling of jAnaki (sItA)

jaanan.h = even if he knows

jaanaati = knows
jaaniite = know
jaaniimaH = know
jaanu = (n) knee
jaanu\-shirshhaasana = the head-knee posture
jaanunii = knees
jaane = I know
jaapyasameta = with chanting of the names of the lord
jaata = born, become (from jan.h, to be born, or created)*= mfn. ( {jan}; ifc. Pn. 6-2,
171) born, brought into existence by (loc.), engendered by (instr. or abl.) RV. &c.; grown,
produced, arisen, caused, appeared ib.; ifc. (Pn. 2-2, 5 Ks'.; 36 Vrtt. 1; vi, 2, 170) see
{mAsa-}, {saptA7ha-}, &c.; appearing on or in VarBriS. lii, 5 ff.; destined for (dat.) RV.
iv, 20, 6; ix, 94, 4; turning to (dat.) Sh. iii, 58/59; happened, become, present,
apparent, manifest TS. VS. &c.; belonging to (gen.) RV. i, 83, 5; viii, 62, 10; ready at
hand Pacat. ii, 16; possessed of (instr.) MBh. iv, 379; often ifc. instead of in comp. (Pn.
2-2, 36 Vrtt. 1; vi, 2, 170 f.; g. {AhitA7gny-Adi}) e.g. {kiNa-}, {danta-}, &c., qq.vv.; m. a
son RV. ii, 25, 1 AV. xi, 9, 6 S'Br. xiv Pacat.; a living being (said of men, rarely of gods)
RV. iv, 2, 2; v, 15, 2; x, 12, 3 AV. xviii VS. viii, 36; N. of a son of Brahm PadmaP. v; n. a

living being, creature RV.; birth, origin, i, 156, 2 and 163, 1; iii, 31, 3; race, kind, sort,
class, species, viii, 39, 6 AV. &c.; a multitude or collection of things forming a class
(chiefly ifc., e.g. {karma-} "', the whole aggregate of actions "' Mn. vii, 61/62 {sukha-}, `"
anything or everything included under the name pleasure "' Gt. x, 3) Mn. ix MBh. &c.;
individuality, specific condition ({vyakta}) L.; = {-karman} NrS.; (impers. with double
instr.) it turned out or happened that Rjat. v, 364 [417, 3]; ({A}) f. a daughter W.; [cf. $;
Germ. {Kind}; Lith. {gentis}.]
jaataM = having become
jaataH = of all beings
jaataka = Nativity, literally means one who is born
jaatasya = of one who has taken his birth
jaataa = (part.fem.nom.S)is born
jaataaH = born
jaati = circumstances of life to which one is born
jaati* = f. birth, production AitBr. ii, 39 Mn. MBh. (also {-tI}, xiii f.) &c.; re-birth R. i,
62, 17 Krand. xxiii, 193; the form of existence (as man, animal, &c.) fixed by birth Mn.
iv, 148 f. Yogas. ii, 13; (ifc.) Kaths. xviii, 98; position assigned by birth, rank, caste,
family, race, lineage KtyS'r. xv Mn. Yj. &c. ({-tI} MBh. xiv, 2549); kind, genus
(opposed to species), species (opposed to individual), class Lthy. KtySr. Pn. &c.,
(once {-tI} ifc. MBh. vi, 456); the generic properties (opposed to the specific ones)

Sarvad.; natural disposition to Car. ii, 1; the character of a species, genuine or true state
of anything Yj. ii, 246 MBh. xii, 5334; reduction of fractions to a common
denominator; a self-confuting reply (founded merely on similarity or dissimilarity)
Nyyad. v, 1 ff. Sarvad. xi, 10 and 34 Prab. Sch.; (in rhet.) a particular figure of speech
Sarasv. ii, 1; a class of metres R. i, 4, 6 Kvya7d. i, 11; a manner of singing Hariv.; a fireplace L.; (= {-tI}) mace, nutmeg Sus'r.; Jasminum grandiflorum L.; = {-tI-phalA} L.; =
{kampilla} L. cf. {antya-}, {eka-}, {dvi-} - [cf. Lat. {gens}; Lith. {pri-gentis}]
jaatii * = f. = {-ti} q.v.; Jasminum grandiflorum Hariv. 7891 Bhartri. BhP. x Amar. [418,
2]; mace, nutmeg Sus'r. VarBriS
jaatidharmaaH = community projects
jaatu = at any time
jaayate = (4 ap) to be born
jaayante = develop
jaayaa = Wife, female companion, spouse, strii
ja = Born
jabhU* = m. `" being in a lotus "', the god Brahm.
jaDa mf({A})n. (cf. {ja4lhu}) cold, frigid Pacat. i, 12, 4 Kvya7d. ii, 34 Rjat. iv, 41;
stiff, torpid, motionless, apathetic, senseless, stunned, paralysed Ragh. iii, 68 S'ak. &c.;
stupid, dull Mn. viii, 394 (also {a-} neg., 148) Yj. ii MBh. (ifc. `" too stupid for "', iii,

437) &c.; void of life, inanimate, unintelligent KapS. i, 146; vi, 5o NriisUp. Veda7ntas.
Sarvad.; dumb "' Mn. ii, 110 Sus'r.; ifc. stunning, stupefying S'ak. iv, 6; m. (g. {azvA7di})
N. of Sumati (who simulated stupidity) cf. MrkP. x, 9; cold, frost W.; idiocy W.; dulness,
apathy W.; inanimate "', lifeless, matter (opposed to {cetana}); n. water (= {jala})
S'rngP. (Subh.); lead L.; ({A}) f. N. of a plant ( = {jaTA}, Mucuna pruritus, Flacourtia
cataphracta L.) Car. vi, 2 (ifc. f. {A}).
jagajaitra = jagaje?+atra, in the world?+here
jagat* mfn. ( {gam} redupl. Pn. 3-2, 178 Vrtt. 3) moving, movable, locomotive, living
RV. AV. &c.; (= {jA4gata}) composed in the Jagat metre RV. i, 164, 23 ShadvBr. i, 4
Lthy. i, 8, 9; m. air, wind L.; m. pl. people, mankind Rjat. (C) iii, 494; n. that which
moves or is alive, men and animals, animals as opposed to men, men (Naigh. ii, 3) RV.
AV. &c. ({-to madhye}, `" within everybody's sight "' R. vii, 97, 1; 5 and 10); the world,
esp. this world, earth S'Br. Mn. &c.; the Jagati metre RV. i, 164, 25; N. of a Sman see {sAman}; n. du. heaven and the lower world Kir. v, 20; n. pl. the worlds (= {-gat-traya})
Prab. i, 10; people, mankind Kpr. x, 50/51 (Sh. and Kuval.); ({ja4gatI}) f. a female
animal RV. i, 157, 5; vi, 72, 4; a cow Naigh. 11, II; the plants (or flour as coming from
plants) VS. i, 21 S'Br. i, 2, 2, 2; the earth s'Up. Pras'nUp. Mn. i, 100 MBh. &c.; the site of
a house L. (Kir. i, 7 Sch.); people, mankind L.; the world, universe R. ii, 69, 11 a metre of
4 x 12 syllables RV. x, 130, 5 AV. viii; xix S'Br. AitBr. &c.; any metre of 4 X 12 syllables;
the number 48 Lthy. ix Kty. xxii; a sacrificial brick named after the Jagat metre S'Br.
viii KtyS'r. xvii; a field planted with Jamb L.
jagat.h = universe
jagataH = of the world

jagataaM = of the Universe

jagatpate = O Lord of the entire universe
jagan.h = (Nr.nom + acc.sing.)world
jagannivaasa = O refuge of the worlds
jaghana * = (%{janh}) m. [RV. i, 28, 2; v, 61, 3; vi, 75, 13] n. [AV.xiv, r, 36 TS.ii TBr. ii,
&c.] the hinder part, buttock, hip and loins, pudenda, mons veneris (ifc. f. %{A} [Pa1n2.
4-1, 56 Ka1s3.] MBh. xiii, 5324 R. Megh.); the hinder part of an altar Sulbas. iii, 52;
rear-guard MBh. iii, v f. ix; (%{ena}) instr. ind. behind (with gen. [ChUp. ii, 24, 3] or acc.
[S3Br. i f. vii, xi] following, once [vii, 2, 2, 4] preceding); so as to turn the back towards
S3a1n3khGr2. ii, 1; iv, 12
jagrat.h = awakened
jagrataH = or one who keeps night watch too much
jagraaha V*= took up; caught hold of; caught;took up; kept; assumed the responsibility
for; accepted; SB 6.9.7; caught; brought under her control; grasped; SB 8.7.4 took;
seized; took; took hold of; He seized; He seized;
jaghanya = of abominable
jaghni * mfn. (Pn. 3-2, 171) striking (with acc.) RV. ix, 61, 20; m. a weapon L.
jaghnivat * mfn. containing an Intens. form of {han} AitBr. i, 25.

jaghnu * mfn. striking, killing Un. i, 22.

jaha * = mfn. (3. {hA}) see {zardham-}; ({A}) f. N. of a plant L.; ({A4}) ind. see s.v.
jahaati = can get rid of
jahan
jahi = conquer *= see jahan
jahiihi = jahi+iha, leave/give up+here(in this world)
jahnu = name of an ancient king who adopted the ganga river
jahnusutaa = ganga
jaiminii = Maharishi Jaimini a sage who wrote an elucidation of sections of Maharishi
Parashara's work. This became the basis for another system of Astrology in India
jaji* = mfn. ({jan} redupl. Pn. 3-2, 171 and Vrtt. 3) germinating, shooting TS. vii, 5,
20, 1; f. seed (Pn. 3-2, 171 (?) Ks'.) Siddh.
jala = Water * = 1 mfn. = %{jaDa} (cf. %{jal}), stupid (cf. %{-lA7dkipa}, %{-lA7zaya})
S3a1rn3gP. xxi (v.l.); m. (g. %{jvalA7di}) a stupid man S3is3. v, 37; N. of a man (with
the patr. Ja1tu1karn2ya) S3a1n3khS3r. xvi, 29, 6; n. (also pl.) water, any fluid Naigh. i,
12 Ya1jn5. i, 17 MBh. &c. (ifc. f. %{A}); a kind of Andropogon Bhpr. vii, 10, 52 & 78; 28,
18; the 4th mansion (in astrol.) VarYogay. iv, 26; a cow's embryo (%{go-kalaka} or %{lana}) L.; (= %{jaDa}) frigidity (moral or mental or physical) W.; (%{A}) f. N. of a river

MBh. iii, 10556.

\\ 2 Nom. %{-lati}, to become water S3atr. xiv "'
jalaM = (Nr.non. + acc.S)water
jaladhi = sea/ ocean
jalandhara = bandha where the chin rests in the notch between the collar bones
jalapatanasaham.h = Sensitive point relating to going on a voyage. One of many used in
Varshaphal and similar in idea to Arabic parts
jalapaataH = (m) waterfall
jalabandhaH = (m) dam
jalalava = water drop
jalaashaya = lake, pond
jalp.h = to babble
jalpa * m. (g. {uJchA7di}) talk, speech, discourse (also pl.) MBh. xiii, 4322 Pn. 4-4, 97
Das'. BhP.; (pl.) chatter, gossip, x, 47, 13; a kind of disputation (overbearing reply and
disputed rejoinder) Nyyad. Car. iii, 8 Sarvad. Madhus. S'Br. xiv Sch.; N. of a Rishi
MatsyaP. ix, 16; n. for {-lpya} MBh. i, 5066 (C) R. ii, 60, 14; cf. {citra-}, {bahu-}.
jam* = (derived fr. {jama4d-agni}) cl. 1. {ja4mati}, to go Naigh. ii, 14 Nir. iii, 6; to eat

Dhtup. xiii, 28: Intens. p. {jAjamat} consuming continually MBh. xiii, 4495.
jambaala = (masc) mud
jambiiram.h = (n) lemon
jambuukaH = fox
jana = man: * = mf({I})n. `" generating "' see {puraM-}; m. (g. {vRSA7di}) creature "',
living being, man, person, race ({pa4Jca ja4nAs} "', the five races "' = {p kRSTa4yas}
RV. iii, viii ff. MBh. iii, 14160), people, subjects (the sg. used collectively e.g. {dai4vya} or
{divyA4 j-} "', divine race "', the gods collectively RV.; {mahat j-}, many people R. vi, 101,
2; often ifc. denoting one person or a number of persons collectively, e.g. {preSya-},
{bandhu-}, {sakhI-} &c., qq. vv. [410, 2]; with names of peoples VarBriS. iv, 22 and v,
74; {ayaM} {janaH}, `" this person, these persons "', I, we MBh. viii, 709 Hariv. 7110 R.
ii, 41, 2 S'ak. &c.; {eSa j-}, id. Kvya7d. ii, 75) RV. &c.; the person nearest to the speaker
(also with {ayam} or {asau}, this my lover "' Kvya7d. ii, 271 Ratna7v. i, 24/25) Nal.x, 10
S'ak. Mlav.; a common person, one of the people Kir. ii, 42 and 47; the world beyond
the Mahar-loka BhP. iii, 11, 29 SkandaP.; ({-na4}) m. (g. {azvA7di}) N. of a man (with
the patr. S'rkara7kshya) S'Br. x ChUp.; ({A}) f. `" birth "', {a-jana}, the unborn "',
Nryana BhP. x, 3, 1.
janaanta* = m. a number of men Sh. vi, 139; a region ({deza}) Sus'r. i, 46, 2, 38; `"
man-destroyer "', Yama BhP. vi, 8, 16.
janaH = people
janaka = father * = mfn. (Pa1n2. 7-3 , 35 Ka1s3.) generative , generating , begetting ,

producing , causing (chiefly ifc.) MBh. iv , 1456 VarBr2S. Bha1sha1p. Bhpr. ; m. a

progenitor , father Hariv. 982 R. vi , 3 , 45 Pan5cat. &c. ; (in music) a kind of measure ;
(oxyt.) N. of a king of Videha or Mithila1 (son of Mithi and father of Uda1vasu R.) S3Br.
xi , xiv MBh. iii , xii , xiv Hariv. 9253 ; of another king of Mithila1 (son of Hrasva-roman
and father of Si1ta1) R. ; of another king Ra1jat. i , 98 ; of a disciple of Bhagavat BhP. vi ,
3 , 20 ; of several official men Ra1jat. vii f. ; pl. the descendants of Janaka MBh. iii ,
10637 R. i Uttarar. i , 16 ; iv , 9 ; vi , 42 Ma1rkP. ; (%{ikA}) f. (as in Pa1li) a mother
Divya1v. xviii , 137 ; a daughter-in-law W.
janakaatmajaa = janakA's daughter
janakaadayaaH = Janaka and other kings
Janaloka * = m. `" world of men "', the 5th Loka or next above Mahar-loka (residence of
the sons of Brahm and other godly men), ArunUp. NriisUp. i, 5, 6 BhP. MrkP.
SkandaP.; cf. {janas}.
janana = birth\
jananaM = birth
janani *= metrically for %{-nI} , a mother VarBr2S. vi , 10 f. birth W. ; the plant %{janI}
L.
jananii = mother
janapadam.h = (n) district

janapadeshhu = in the society (janapada really meaning a village )

janayet.h = causal form from jan.h meaning ``should generate''
janasa.nsadi = to people in general
janaaH = persons
janaadhipaH = kings
janaanaaM = of the persons
janaardana = O maintainer of all living entities
ja.nghe = ankle
jangamaM = moving
jan.h = to to be born or produced
jaj* = cl. I. P.= {jaj} Dhtup.vii, 69; p. f. {ja4JjatI}, glittering, flashing (Gmn.; =
{abhibhavantI} Sy.) RV. i, 168, 7.
jantu * = m. a child, offspring RV. Katha1s. iic, 58 ; a creature, living being, man,
person (the sg. also used collectively e.g. %{sarva@j-}, everybody "' S3ak. v, 5/6 ; %
{ayaM@jantuH}, `" the man "' Kat2hUp. ii, 20 S3vetUp. iii, 20 Mn. xii, 99) RV. Mn. &c.
; a kinsman, servant RV. i, 81, 9 and 94, 5 ; x, 140, 4 ; any animal of the lowest
organisation, worms, insects Mn. vi, 68 f. MBh. xiv, 1136 Sus3r. ; (n.) HYog. iii, 53 and

Subh. ; a tree Gal. ; N. of a son of Somaka MBh. iii, 10473ff. Hariv. 1793 BhP. ix, 22, 1
Katha1s. xiii, 58ff ; cf. %{kSiti-}, %{kSudra-}, %{jala-}
ja.ntuunaaM = (Nr.Poss.pl.) living beings; insects
jantavaH = the living entities
jantoH = of living beings
janma = birth, incarnation
janmaH = (Mas.nom.Sing.)birth.janma:(Nr.)
janmakarmaphalapradaaM = resulting in good birth and other fruitive reactions
janman.h = birth
janmanaaM = repeated births and deaths
janmabandha = from the bondage of birth and death
janmaraashi = Sign occupied by the Moon at birth
janmasu = in births
janmaani = births
janya *= 1 mfn. ( %{jan} Pa1n2. iii , 4 , 68 ; iii , 1 , 97 Pat.) born , produced Bha1sha1p.

44 BrahmaP. ; ifc. born or arising or produced from , occasioned by S3is3. Bha1sha1p.

Tarkas. &c. (%{tA} f. abstr. Veda7ntas. ; %{-tva} n. id. KapS. Sch.) ; m. a father L. ; n.
the body BhP. i , 9 , 31 ; a portent occurring at birth L.\\ 2 mfn. (fr. %{ja4na}) belonging
to a race or family or to the same country , national RV. ii , 37 , 6 and 39 , l ; x , 91 , 2
Sa1n3khS3r. xv , 13 , 3 ; belonging or relating to the people RV. iv , 55 , 5 ; ix , 49 , 2 TBr.
i Ta1n2d2yaBr. Shad2vBr. ; m. the friend or companion of a bridegroom RV. iv , 38 , 6
AV. xi , 8 , I f. Gobh. ii , 1 , 13 MBh. i , iii Katha1s. ; a son-in-law Gal. ; a common man
TS. vi , 1 , 6 , 6 TBr. i , 7 , 8 , 7 ; N. of S3iva MBh. xiii , 1170 ; v.l. for %{jAnya} q.v. ; m. n.
rumour , report Pa1n2. 4-4 , 97 ; n. people , community , nation RV. ii ; x , 42 , 6 AV. xiii
, 4 , 43 (oxyt.) ; pl. inimical races or men AitBr. viii , 26 ; fighting , war , Gaut MBh. v ,
3195 Ragh. iv , 77 Das3. ; a market L. ; (%{A}) f. (g. %{utkarA7di}) a bridesmaid Pa1n2.
4-4 , 82 Ragh. vi , 30 ; the female friend of a mother L. ; a newly-married wife Campak.
163 f. and 211 ; pleasure L. ; affection W.
jap * = cl. 1. %{ja4pati} (rarely A1. S3a1n3khS3r. iii, 6, 4 MBh. iii, xiii; pf. %{jajApa}; 3.
du. %{jepatur} R. i; inf. %{japitum} MBh. xii, 7336; ind. p. %{-ptvA} Mn. xi R. i; %{pitvA} Mn. xi Vet.) to utter in a low voice, whisper, mutter (esp. prayers or incantations)
AitBr. ii, 38 S3Br. La1t2y. Ka1tyS3r. Kaus3. Mn. &c.; to pray to any one (acc.) in a low
voice MBh. xiii, 750; to invoke or call upon in a low voice BhP. iv, 7, 29 BhavP. i: Intens.
%{jaJjapyate}, %{-pIti} (Pa1n2. 7-4, 86 [412,1]; p. %{pya4mAna}) to whisper repeatedly
(implying blame, iii, 1, 24) S3Br. xi, 5, 5, 10.
japa = Recitation1 \\ * = mfn. `" muttering, whispering "' see %{karNeku-}; m. (Pa1n2.
3-3, 61; oxyt. g. %{uJchA7di}) muttering prayers, repeating in a murmuring tone
passages from scripture or charms or names of a deity, &c., muttered prayer or spell
AitBr. ii, 38 S3Br. ii S3a1n3khS3r. Nir. &c.\\ japA = f. (= %{javA}) the China rose
VarBr2S. xxviii, 14\\jApa * = m. ( %{jap}) `" whispering "' see %{karNa-}; muttering

prayers L. a muttered prayer L. (R. i, 51, 27 for %{japa}; see also %{jApya}).
japati = (1 pp) to mutter, mumble
japannityaM = japan+nityaM, chanting+ever
japayaGYaH = chanting
japtvaa = having chanted
jaraa = old age
jarjara = old/digested (by disease etc)
jasha* m. N. of an aquatic animal (cf. {jhaSa4}) AV. xi, 2, 25 TS. v, 5 GopBr. ii, 2, 5.
jatha *= mfn. wearing twisted locks of hair g. {arza-Adi}; m. metrically for {-TA} Hariv.
9551; ({A}) f. the hair twisted together (as worn by ascetics, by Siva, and persons in
mourning) PrGri. ii, 6 Mn. vi, 6 MBh. (ifc. f. {A}, iii, 16137) &c.; a fibrous root, root (in
general) Bhpr. v, 111 S'ngS. i, 46 and 58; N. of several plants (= {TA-vatI} L.; Mucuna
pruritus L.; Flacourtia cataphracta L.; = {-TA-mUlA} L.; = {rudra-jaTA} L.) Sus'r. v f.;
N. of a Pthha or arrangement of the Vedic text (still more artificial than the Krama,
each pair of words being repeated thrice and one repetition being in inverted order)
Caran.; ({I}) f. Nardostachys Jathmns L.; (= {-Ti}) the waved-leaf fig-tree L.; cf. {tri}, {mahA-}, {vi-}; {kRSNa-jaTA} "'
jathaamukuTama.nDitam.h = adorned by locks of hair forming a crown

jathilaH = with knotted hair

jathi* =m f. twisted hair L.; a mass, multitude L.; Ficus infectoria L.
jaThara = Intestine
jaThara\-parivartanaasana = the belly-turning posture
jaThara *= 1 mf(%{A})n. (v.l. for %{baTh-} q.v.) hard , firm , S3a1ntis3. iv , 13 and
Sa1h. (v.l. %{jaraTka}) ; for %{jaraTha} , old Bhartr2. iii , 92 ; = %{baddha} L. ; for %
{javana} R. ii , 98 , 24 ; %{ati-} , `" very hard "' and very old "' S3is3. iv , 29 ; m. N. of a
man Pravar. iv (Ma1dh.) ; of a mountain BhP. v , 16 , 28 ; pl. N. of a people (in the southeast of Madhya-des3a VarBr2S. xiv , 8) MBh. vi , 350. \\ 2 n. [m.] the stomach , belly ,
abdomen , bowels , womb , interior of anything , cavity RV. AV. &c. [409,3] ; certain
morbid affections of the bowels Car. vi , 1 Sus3r. i , vi ; (%{eNa}) instr. ind. (opposed to %
{pRSTha-tas}) so as to turn the face towards Hit. ii , 3 , 3 ; [cf. $ ; Goth. {kilthei} or
{qvithrs}].
jaThare = in the stomach
java * = mfn. ( {ju}, or {jU}) swift AV. xix, 7, 1; m. (parox. Pn. 3-3, 56, Vartt. 4 and 57)
speed, velocity, swiftness RV. i, 112, 21; x, 111, 9 VS. AV. S'Br. &c.; pl. impulse (of the
mind) RV. x, 71, 8; ({At}) abl. ind. speedily, at once Kaths. lxiii, 188 Vcar. xii, 15. javaa* = f. = {japA} MBh. Hariv. R. Megh. 36; saffron L
javana *= mf(%{I})n. (g. %{dRDhA7di} ; oxyt. Pa1n2. 3-2 , 150) quick , swift , fleet RV.
i , 51 , 2 S3vetUp. iii , 19 MBh. &c. ; m. a fleet horse L. ; a kind of deer L. ; N. of one of

Skanda's attendants MBh. ix , 2577 ; pl. for %{yav-} q.v. Kshiti7s3. ; n. speed , velocity
Pa1rGr2. i , 17 S3a1n3khGr2. MBh. iv , 1414 ; (%{I}) f. a curtain , screen L. ; N. of a plant
L. ; cf. %{dhI-ja4v-}.
javanikaa = (f) towel
javishthha* = mfn. quickest, fleetest RV. iv, 2, 3; vi, 9, 5 VS. xxxiv, 3 S'Br. xi AitBr. i, 5
BhP. xi
jaya = victory
jayaH = victory
jayate = becomes victorious; wins
jayama.ngalam.h = victory that is auspicious
jayaajayau = both victory and defeat
jayema = we may conquer
jayeyuH = they conquer
jaGYire = (Verb, Past IIIP pl.PP) took birth; were born
jetaasi = you will conquer
jhashhaaNaaM = of all fish

jhrimbaNam.h = (n) yawning

jigishhataaM = of those who seek victory
jighaamsaa * = wish or intention to strike or slay or destroy Mn. xi, 207 MBh. &c. ;
malice, revenge W.
jighaaMsaka * = mfn. ( %{han} Desid.) intending to kill W. [421,1]
jighaaMsin * = mfn. ifc. intending to kill R. vi, 77.
jighaaMsiiyas * = mfn. compar. of %{-Msu} W.
jighaaMsu * = mfn. = %{-sin} (with acc.) MBh. i, iii R. BhP. Das3. Katha1s. ; desirous
of destroying or ruining (ifc. or with acc.) La1t2y. i, 10, 3 Sus3r. i, 19, 21 ; revengeful W. ;
m. an enemy W.
jighatnu * = mfn. ( %{han} redupl.) endeavouring to hurt, ii, 30, 9.
jighatsaa * = f. ( %{ghas} Desid.) desire of eating or consuming Katha1s. lxi ; cf. %{vijighatsa4}.
jighatsu mfn. hungry L. ; desirous of consuming, cviii, 106 Bhakta7m. 36 ; f. N. of an
evil demon AV. ii, 14, 1 ; (pl.) viii, 2, 2
jighra * = mfn. ( %{ghrA}) smelling Pa1n2. 3-1, 137; ifc. observing, conjecturing Sa1h.
iii, 66/6

jighrati = (1 pp) to smell

jighran.h = smelling
jijiivishhaamaH = we would want to live
jijIviSu * = mfn. desirous of life Mn. MBh. &c.
jiGYaasuH = inquisitive
jihva *= mfn. (said of Agni) MaitrS. i , 3 , 35 (for %{yahva4} of Padap. and RV. iii , 2 , 9)
; m. the tongue Hariv. 6325 f. ; (%{A4}) f. (= %{juhU4}) id. RV. AV. &c. (ifc. f. %{A}
MBh. iii , 16137 Hcat.) ; the tongue or tongues of Agni i.e. various forms of flame (3 are
named RV. iii , 20 , 2 ; generally 7 VS. xvii , 79 Mun2d2Up. i , 2 , 4 [%{kAlI} , %{karAlI} ,
%{mano-javA} , %{su-lohitA} , %{su-dhUmra-varNA} , %{sphuliGginI} , %{vizvarUpI}]
Hemac. ; cf. %{sapta4-jihva} ; also identified with the 7 winds %{pra-} , %{A-} , %{ud-} ,
%{saM-} , %{vi-} , %{pari-} , and %{ni-vaha}) ; the tongue of a balance Hcat. i , 5 , 163 ;
speech (Naigh. i , 11) RV. iii , 57 , 5 ; the root of Tabernaemontana coronaria L. ; cf. %
{dvi4-} , %{ma4dhu-} , %{su-} ; %{agni-jihva4} &c. ; [cf. Lat. {lingua} ; Goth. {tuggo1}.]
jii = to live
jiira *= 1 mf(%{A4})n. ( %{jinv} Un2.) , quick , speedy , active RV. (Naigh. ii , 15) ;
driving (with gen.) RV. i , 48 , 3 (cf. %{go4-}) ; m. quick movement (of the Soma stones)
, v , 31 , 12 ; a sword L.
jiirNa = very old, dilapidated, torn

jiirNaani = old and useless

jiiv.h = to live
jiiva* = mf({A4})n. living, existing, alive RV. &c.; healthy (blood) Car. viii, 6, 74; ifc.
living by (see {jala-cara-}, {rUpa-}); causing to live, vivifying (see, {putra-}, {-jala}); m.
n. any living being, anything living RV. &c.; life, existence MBh. iv, vi Hariv. &c. (ifc. f.
{A} Kaths.); m. the principle of life, vital breath, the living or personal soul (as
distinguished from the universal soul see {jIvA7tman}) RV. i, 164, 30 ChUp. S'vetUp.
Pras'nUp. Mn. &c.; N. of a plant L.; Briihaspati (regent of Jupiter) VarBriS. Laghuj.
Sryas. Ks'Kh.; the 3rd lustrum in the 60 years "' Briihaspati cycle VarBriS. viii, 26; N.
of one of the 8 Maruts Yj. ii, 102/103 39; Karna L.; n. N. of a metre RPrt. xvii, 4
[422,3]; ({A}) f. life L.; the earth L.; a bow-string L.; (in geom. = {jyA}) the chord of an
arc; the sine of an arc Sryas. ii, 57 (cf. {tri-}, {tri-bha} "', {dRg-gati-}, {lamba-} and
{zaGku-jIvA}); N. of a plant ({jIvantI} or {vacA} L.) VarBriS. iii, 39; the tinkling of
ornaments L.; pl. N. of a particular formula Kaus'. Vait.; cf. {ati-}, {upa-} and {saMjIva4}; {a-}, {kumAra-}, {ciraM-}, {jagaj-}, {dur-}, {nir-}, {pApa-}, {bandhu-}, {sa-},
{su-}; {khSudra-jivA}, {yAvaj-jIvam}; [cf. {bi4os}; Lat. {vivus}; Lith. {gIvas}; Goth.
{qvius}; Eng. {quick}; Hib. {beo}.]
jiivada* = m. `" life-cutter "', an enemy L.
jiivadeva* = m. N. of a man,
jiivaja* = mfn. born-alive ChUp. vi, 3, 1.
jiivaka *= mfn. living, alive Hcar. vii ; ifc. (f. %{ikA}) `" living "' see %{cira-}: making a

livelihood by (in comp.) MBh. xii f. Hariv. 4484 S3atr. (cf. %{akSara-}) ; `" generating "'
see %{putraM-} ; ifc. (f. %{A}) long living, for whom long life is desired Pa1n2. 3-1, 150
Ka1s3. ; m. a living being L. ; `" living on others "', a servant L. ; an usurer L. ; a beggar
L. ; a snake-catcher L. ; a tree L. ; one of the 8 principal drugs called Asht2avarga
(Terminalia tomentosa L. ; Coccinia grandis L.) Sus3r. VarBr2S. ; N. of Kuma1ra-bhu1ta
DivyA7v. xix, xxxv ; (%{ikA}) f. living, manner of living Kat2hUp. Mn. (iv, 11 ; x, 82) &c. ;
livelihood, x, 76 MBh. &c. (ifc. f. %{A} Ra1jat. vi, 22) ; the plant Ji1vanti L. ; pl. `" lifegiving element "', water, A1SvSr. vi, 9.
jiivakoza* = m. a case (or sheath) enveloping the personal soul BhP. iv, 22 f.; x.
jiivaMjIva* = m. = {-j-} L.; the Greek partridge L.; a mythical bird with two heads
Buddh.; N. of a tree L.
jiivaMjIvaka* = m. = {-jIva} MBh. iii Hariv. 6957 Lalit. Sus'r. Kd. MrkP.
jiivanas'* = mfn. (nom. {-na4T}; also {-nak} [= {jivasya nAza}] Pn. 8-2, 63, Kas'.) [a
sacrifice] in which living beings are killed MaitrS. i, 4, 13.
jiivanetrii* = f. a kind of pepper L.
jiivatva* = n. the state of life RmatUp. i, 14; the state of the individual soul KapS. vi, 63.
- 1. {-da} m. `" life-giver "', a physician L.; ({A}) f. = {-vantI} L. -2.
jiivapati* = m. a living husband, vi, 19, 24. =
jiiva = life

jiiva-loka = the mortal world

jiivaH = life
jiivati = while living(without earning)
jiivana = life
jiivanaM = life
jiivanmuktiH = salvation+freedom from bondage of birth
jiivabhuutaH = the conditioned living entity
jiivamaana = one who lives
jiivaloke = in the world of conditional life
jiivaatman* = m. the living or personal or individual soul (as distinct from the %
{paramA7t-} q.v.), the vital principle Tarkas. BhP. vi, viii Sarvad. iv; vii, 57.
jiivatva * = n. the state of life Ra1matUp. i, 14; the state of the individual soul KapS. vi,
63. - 1. %{-da} m. `" life-giver "', a physician L.; (%{A}) f. = %{-vantI} L. -2.
jiivasya = (masc.poss.S) of life
jiivaatman.h = Also spelt Jeevatman. Is the soul within the human sphere

jiivaatmaa = the individual soul

jiivita = life
jiivitena = living
jiivemaH = may we live
jijaasaka* = mfn. ( {jJA} Desid.) {-su} W.
jijiiviishaa * = f. ( %{jIv} Desid.) desire to live MBh. viii, 1790.
jijIviSu * = mfn. desirous of life Mn. MBh. &c.
jijaasanIya* = mfn. = {-sitavya} W.
jijaasaa* = f. = {-sana} MBh. ii f. xiii Hariv. R. Pn. 1-3, 21 Vrtt. 3, &c. ({kRta-jijJAsa}
mfn. having put to the proof any one [gen.] Kaths. cxiii, 78).
jijaasu * = mfn. desirous of knowing, inquiring into, examining, testing
jijaasaaprastaava* = m. N. of wk., Pratpar. Sch.
jijaasita* = mfn. investigated, inquired BhP. i, 5, 3f.; tested MBh. xiii, 932.
jijaasitavya* = mfn. to be investigated Sarvad.
jijaasu* = mfn. desirous of knowing, inquiring into, examining, testing MBh. R. BhP.

&c.
jijaasya* = mfn. = {-sitavya} BhP. ii, 9 Sarvad.
ji.nvhaa = tongue
jita = having conquered
jitaH = conquered
jitaatmanaH = of one who has conquered his mind
jitaatmaa = having control of the mind
jitendriyaM = the conqueror of senses
jitendriyaH = having conquered the senses
jitvaa = by conquering
jivadhaaraNakaari = responsible for life's existence
jivabhuutaaM = comprising the living entities
jivyate = remain alive
jivhaa = (f) tongue

jivhaaM = tongue
jaa* = 1 cl. 9. P. . {jAnA4ti}, {-nite4} (cf. Pn. 1-3, 76; Subj. {-nat}; Impv. {-nItat}, 2.
sg. {-nIhi4}, once irr. {jJa} BhP. x, 89, 46; [fr. cl. 3.] {jijAhi} MBh. xiii, 4493; 2. pl. irr. {nata}. ii, 2397; 2. sg. . irr. {-nase} DivyA7v. xviii; p. {-na4t}, {-nAna4} irr. {-namAna}
[MBh.]; pf. {jajJau}, {-jJe} [Pass. Rjat. v, 481], 3. pl. {-jJu4r} RV. vii, 79, 4 S'Br. xi; p.
{-jJAna4} RV. x, 14, 2; fut. {jJAsyati}, {-te}; aor. {ajJAsIt}, {-sta} Pass. {a4jJAyi}, vi, 65,
1 &c.; Pot. {jJAyAt} or {jJey-} Pn. 6-4, 68 [425,3]; 2. sg. {jJeyas} = {$} RV. ii, 10, 6; inf.
{jJAtum}) to know, have knowledge, become acquainted with (acc.; rarely gen. MBh. iii,
2154 Hariv. 7095), perceive, apprehend, understand (also with inf. [Pn. 3-4, 65] MBh.
ii, v Das'.), experience, recognise, ascertain, investigate RV. &c.; to know as, know or
perceive that, regard or consider as (with double acc. e.g. {tasya mAM tanayAM jAnIta}
"', know me to be his daughter "' MBh. iii, 2476; with {mRSA}, `" to consider as untrue "'
Ratna7v. ii, 18) Mn. &c.; `" to acknowledge, approve, allow VS. xviii, 59 f. AV. ix, 5, 19
S'Br. i, xi, xiv; to recognise as one's own, take possession of SaddhP.; to visit as a friend
AV. x, 1, 25; to remember (with gen.) MBh. xii, 5169; . to engage in (gen. e.g. {sarpiSo},
`" to make an oblation with clarified butter "') Pn. 1-3, 45; ii, 3, 51: Caus. {jJapayati}, to
teach any one (acc.) SnkhS'r.xv; {jJAp-} (Pass. {jJApyate}) to make known, announce,
teach anything MBh. ii, xii Kty. and Pat.; to inform any one (gen.) that (double acc.)
MBh. i, 5864; . to request, ask ChUp. ii, 13, 1 ({jJap-}) MBh. iii, 8762 ({jJAp-}): Desid.
{jijJAsate} (Pn. 1-3, 57; ep. also P.) to wish to know or become acquainted with or learn,
investigate, examine Mn. ii, 13 MBh. &c.; to wish for information about (acc.) Kaths.
xxii, 84; to conjecture AV. xiv, 1, 56: Caus. Desid. {jijJapayiSati} (also {-jJAp-} Siddh.)
and {jJIpsati} (cf. {-psyamAna}), to wish to make known or inform Pn. 7-2, 49 & 4, 5;
[cf. $ &c.]
ja * = 2 mf({A})n. (iii, 1, 135) knowing, familiar with (chiefly in comp.; rarely gen. or

loc. MBh. xii, 12028 R. vii, 91, 25) S'Br. xiv, 7, 2, 3 Mn. &c.; intelligent, having a soul,
wise, (m.) a wise and learned man S'vetUp. Pras'nUp. Bdar. VarBri. BhP. vii; having
J as deity Pn. 6-4, 163 Pat.; m. the thinking soul (= {puruSa}) Snkhyak. Nyyad.iii,
2, 20 Sch.; the planet Mercury VarBriS. VarBri. Laghuj. Sryas.; the planet Mars L.;
Brahm L.; ({A}) f. N. of a woman Pn. 6-4, 163 Pat.; [cf. Lat. {mali-} and {beni-gnu-s}.]
jJaa* =3 f. for {A-j-} (by irr. Sandhi after {e} and {o}) MBh. i, 3168; iii, 16308.
jaa4* = mfn. ifc. `" knowing, familiar with "' see {Rta-}, {pada} and {pra-jiJA4}, {a4saM-}.
jatva*= n. intelligence Nyyad. Sch.
jazakti*= f. the intellectual faculty Bdar. ii, 2, 9.
jaka*= mf({akA} or {ikA})n. dimin, fr. 2. {jJa4} Pn. 7-3, 47.
japta*= mfn. (2, 27) instructed S'Br. xi, 5, 3, 8ff.
jaati*= m. `" intimately acquainted "' (cf. Goth. {kno1di}), a near relation (`" paternal
relation "' L. and Sch.; cf. {sam-bandhin}), kinsman RV. AV. xii, 5, 44 TBr. i &c.
jaateya*= n. (Pn. 5-1, 127) affinity, kindred sentiments Hcar. i, 534.
jaanakIrti*= m. N. of a Buddh. teacher.
jaanaketu*= m. `" having marks of intelligence "'N. of a man Lalit. xiii, 156; {-dhvaja}
m. N. of a Devaputra, iii, 160.

jaanagamya*= mfn. attainable by the understanding (S'iva).

jaanagUha*= mf({A})n. concealing the understanding BhP. iii, 26, 5.
jaana-ghana*= m. pure or mere knowledge or intellect, viii, 3, 12; ix, 8, 23; {nA7cArya}, m.N. of a teacher W.
jaana = * n. knowing, becoming acquainted with, knowledge, (esp.) the higher
knowledge (derived from meditation on the one Universal Spirit) S'nkhS'r.xiii Gobh.
Mn. &c.; knowledge about anything cognizance "' see {-tas} and {a-jJAnAd} {a-jJAnAd}
{vA}, knowingly or ignorantly, xi, 233); conscience MBh.; = {-ne7ndriya} KathhUp. vi,
10; engaging in (gen. e.g. {sarpiSas} "', in sacrifice with clarified butter "') Pn. 2-2, 10
Vrtt. Pat.; N. of a S'akti Rasik.xiv, 36 RmatUp. i, 90 Sch.; ({A}) f. id. Pacar. iii, 2, 30
Rmapjs'.
jaa4na * mf({I})n. prudent, wise L. [659, 2]; easily known AV.; n. knowledge, wisdom,
intelligence, discrimination AV. &c. &c.; a distinctive mark, token of recognition, any
mark or sign or characteristic AV. MBh. R. &c.; a monument, memorial S'Br.; {kumuda-candrikA} f. N. of wk.; {-ghana4} m. nothing but knowledge S'Br. (cf. under
{ghana4}); {-tRpta} mfn. satiated with i.e. full of knknowledge MBh.; {-saMtati} f. a
train of thought Tattvas.; {-nA7nanda}, {-nA7zrama}, and {-ne7ndra} m. N. of authors
Cat.
jaanakIrti * =N. of a Buddh. teacher.
jaana-ketu*= `" having marks of intelligence "'N. of a man Lalit. xiii, 156; {-dhvaja} m.
N. of a Devaputra, iii, 160.

jaana-khaNDa * N. of part of S'ivaP.

jaana-gamya *=mfn. attainable by the understanding (S'iva).
jaana-garbha * `" filled with knowledge "'N. of a Bodhi-sattva Buddh. L.; of a scholar
ib.
jaana-gUha *= mf({A})n. concealing the understanding BhP. iii, 26, 5.
jaana-ghana * m. pure or mere knowledge or intellect, viii, 3, 12; ix, 8, 23; {nA7cArya}, m.N. of a tea
jnendrya*= n. `" knowledge-organ "', an organ of sensation BhP. Sy. on S'Br. ix.
japayata `V*: communicate, tell, announce
jaati * =`" intimately acquainted "' (cf. Goth. {kno1di}), a near relation (`" paternal
relation "' L. and Sch.; cf. {sam-bandhin}), kinsman RV. AV. xii, 5, 44 TBr. i &c.
japta * (2, 27) instructed
jatva *=intelligence
joshhayet.h = he should dovetail
jrimbhate = to yawn
jyaayasaH = gen. sing. of jyaayas, greater

jyaayasi = better
jyaayaaH = better
jyaishthha* = m. N. of a month (May-June, the full moon standing in the constellation
Jyeshthh) Lthy. x, 5, 18 Mn. viii, 245 Hariv. 7828 KtyS'r. Sch.; ({I}) f. the full moon
in month Jyaishthha VarBriS. xxiii, 1 (cf. {mahA-jyaiSThI}); see {jyeSThI}.
jyeshhThaa = Eighteenth nakshatra
jyotiH = light
jyotirdhyaana = luminous contemplation
jyotishha = The study of Illuminated bodies. The study of Astrology and Astronomy
which were one science in the past
jyotishhii = An Astrologer
jyotii = inner light
jyotiishhaaM = of all luminaries
jyotsna = moonlight
jyotsnaa = (f) moonlight
jugupsita* =mfn. abhorring anything (abl.) Vop. v, 21; disliked, detested, disgusting

MBh. R. &c.; censured W.; n. a disgusting or horrible deed BhP. i, 5, 15; (also {karma-}
id., i, 7, 42); = {-psA} Sarvad. iii, 270.
jush *= 1 cl. 6. A1. %{-Sa4te} (also P. RV. [%{-Sa4t}, %{a4juSat}] MBh. &c. ; Subj. %{SAte} ; Pot. %{-Se4ta} ; 3. pl. %{-Serata} RV. ; Impv. %{-Sa4tAm} ; impf. %{ajuSata}, ii,
37, 4 ; 1. sg. %{a4juSe} AV. vi, 61, 3 ; p. %{-Sa4mANa}) cl. 3. P. irr. %{ju4joSati} (Subj.
and p. %{ju4joSat} ; cf. Pa1n2. 7-3, 87 Va1rtt. 2 ; Impv. 2. pl. %{-juSTana} RV.), rarely
cl. i. P. %{joSati} (Subj. %{jo4Sat} ; - aor. p. %{juSANa4} ; 3. pl. %{ajuSran}, i, 71, 1 ; 2.
sg. %{jo4Si}, ii, iv ; 3. sg. %{jo4SiSat}, ii, 35, 1 [cf. Ka1s3. on Pa1n2. 3-1, 34 and 4, 7 ; 94
and 97] ; pf. %{jujo4Sa}, %{-juSe4} ; p. %{-juSva4s}, generally %{-SANa4} ; ind. p. %
{juSTvI4} RV.) to be pleased or satisfied or favourable RV. AV. &c. ; to like, be fond of
delight in (acc. or gen.), enjoy RV. (with %{tanvAm} or %{-va4s}, `" to be delighted "', iii,
1, 1 ; x, 8, 3) AV. &c. ; to have pleasure in granting anything (acc.) to (loc.) RV. vi, 14, 1 ;
to have pleasure in (dat.), resolve to (Ved. Inf.), i, 167, 5 ; iv, 24, 5 S3Br. iii, 6, 4, 7 ; to
give pleasure to (loc.) RV. x, 105, 8 ; to choose for (dat.) VS. v, 42 TS. vi S3Br. iii, 6, 4, 8 ;
to devote one's self to (acc.), practise, undergo, suffer BhP. ii, 2, 7 ; viii, 7, 20 Bhat2t2.
xvii, 112 ; to delight in visiting, frequent, visit, inhabit, enter (a carriage &c.) MBh. iii, v,
xiv Bhat2t2. xiv, 95 ; to afflict MBh. iii: Caus. A1. (Subj. 2. sg. %{joSa4yAse}) to like, love,
behave kindly towards (acc.), cherish RV. ; to delight in, approve of(acc.), choose S3Br.
iii MBh. xiv, 1289 ; (P. cf. Dha1tup. xxxiv, 28) Bhag. iii, 26 ; [cf. $ ; Zd. {zaoSa} ; Hib.
{gus} ; Goth. {kiusu} ; Lat. {gus-tus}.]\\ 2 mfn. ifc. liking, fond of, devoted to (once with
acc. BhP. vii, 6, 25 ; cf. %{nikRtiM-}) BhP. Bhartr2. Sa1ntis3. Katha1s. ; dwelling in
Hcar. vii ; visiting, approaching BhP. ii, 7, 25 Madhus. ; having, showing Ba1lar. iv, 17 ;
ix, 25 Sin6ha7s. Introd. 5l ; xv, 4 Kuval. 169 ; similar Hcar. i, 44 ; cf. %{sa-}.
jushhTaM = practiced by

jushtha * = mfn. (%{-STa4} RV. ix, 42, 2 AV. and in later language Pa1n2. 6-1, 209f.)
pleased, propitious RV. ix, 42, 2; liked, wished, loved, welcome, agreeable, usual (cf.
Pa1n2. 3-2, 188 Ka1r.; with dat. or gen., rarely instr.) RV. AV. S3Br. &c.; frequented,
visited, inhabited MBh. R. BhP.; swept over (by the wind) Hariv. 6984; afflicted by
(instr. or in comp.) Sus3r.; served, obliged, worshipped W.; practised W.; furnished
with, possessed of (instr. or in comp.) R. iii BhP.; n. the remnants of a meal L.; cf. %{a4}.
juhosi = you offer
juhvati = offer
jusha=jushkaka
jvara = fever
jvala = flame
jvalati = (1 pp) to glow
jvaladbhiH = blazing
jvalanaM = a fire

ka* = 1 the first consonant of the alphabet, and the first guttural letter (corresponding in
sound to {k} in {keep} or {king}).
ka* = 2 {kas}, {kA}, {kim}, interrog. pron. (see {kim} and 2. {kad}, and cf. the following
words in which the interrogative base {ka} appears, {katama}, {katara}, {kati},
{katham}, {kadA}, {karhi}, {kA}, &c.), who? which? what? In its declension {ka} follows
the pronoun {tad} except in nom. acc. sing. neut., where {kim} has taken the place of
{kad} or {kat} in classical Sanskriit; but the old form {kad} is found in the Veda (see
Gram. 227); [cf. Zd. {ka}, {ko7}, {kA7}, {kat}; Gk. $, $, (Ion. $, $,) $, $; Lat. {quis},
&75137[240,2] {quid}; Lith. {kas} {ka4}; Goth. {hvas}, {hvo7}, {hva}, Angl. Sax. {hw},
{hwaet}; Eng. {who}, {what}.] The interrogative sentence introduced by {ka} is often
terminated by {iti} (e.g. {kasya sa putra iti kathyatAm}, let it be said, `" whose son is he?
"'), but {iti} may be omitted and the sentence lose its direct interrogative character (e.g.
{kasya sa putro na jJAyate}, it is not known whose son he is). {ka} with or without 1. {as}
may express `" how is it possible that? "' `" what power have I, you, they, &c.? "' (e.g. {ke
mama dhanvino'nye}, what can the other archers do against me? {ke AvAm paritrAtum},
what power have we to rescue you?) {ka} is often connected with a demonstrative pron.
(e.g. {ko 'yam AyAti}, who comes here?) or with the potential (e.g. {ko hariM nindet},
who will blame Hari?) {ka} is sometimes repeated (e.g. {kaH ko 'tra}, who is there? {kAn
kAn}, whom? whom? i.e. which of them? cf. Gram. 54), and the repetition is often due to
a kind of attraction (e.g. {keSAM kiM zAstram adhyayanIyam}, which book is to be read
by whom? Gram. 836. {a}). When {kim} is connected with the inst. c. of a noun or with
the indecl. participle it may express `" what is gained by doing so, &c.? "' (= {ko'rthas})
[240,3]; (e.g. {kiM vilambena}, what is gained by delay? {kim bahunA}, what is the use
of more words? {dhanena kiM yo na dadAti}, what is the use of wealth to him who does

not give? with inst. and gen., {nIrujaH kim auSadhaiH}, what is the use of medicine to
the healthy?) {ka} is often followed by the particles {iva}, {u}, {nAma}, {nu}, {vA}, {svid},
some of which serve merely to generalize the interrogation (e.g. {kim iva etad}, what can
this be? {ka u zravat}, who can possibly hear? {ko nAma jAnAti}, who indeed knows? {ko
nv ayam}, who, pray, is this? {kiM nu kAryam}, what is to be done? {ko vA devAd
anyaH}, who possibly other than a god? {kasya svid hRdayaM nA7sti}, of what person is
there no heart?) {ka} is occasionally used alone as an indefinite pronoun, especially in
negative sentences (e.g. {na kasya ko vallabhaH}, no one is a favourite of any one;
{nA7nyo jAnAti kaH}, no one else knows; {kathaM sa ghAtayati kam}, how does he kill
any one?) Generally, however, {ka} is only made indefinite when connected with the
particles {ca}, {cana4}, {cid}, {vA}, and {a4pi}, in which case {ka} may sometimes be
preceded by the relative {ya} (e.g. {ye ke ca}, any persons whatsoever; {yasyai kasyai ca
devatAyai}, to any deity whatsoever; {yAni kAni ca mitrANi}, any friends whatsoever;
{yat kiMca}, whatever). The particle {cana}, being composed of {ca} and {na}, properly
gives a negative force to the pronoun (e.g. {yasmAd indrAd Rte kiMcana}, without which
Indra there is nothing), but the negative sense is generally dropped (e.g. {kazcana}, any
one; {na kazcana}, no one), and a relative is sometimes connected with it (e.g. {yat
kiMcana}, anything whatsoever). Examples of {cid} with the interrogative are common;
{vA} and {api} are not so common, but the latter is often found in classical Sanskriit (e.g.
{kazcid}, any one; {kecid}, some; {na kazcid}, no one; {na kiMcid api}, nothing
whatsoever; {yaH kazcid}, any one whatsoever; {kecit} - {kecit}, some - others; {yasmin
kasmin vA deze}, in any country whatsoever; {na ko 'pi}, no one; {na kimapi}, nothing
whatever). {ka} may sometimes be used, like 2. {kad}, at the beginning of a compound.
see {ka-pUya}, &c.
ka* = 3 m. (according to native authorities) N. of Prajpati or of a Prajpati VS. xx, 4;
xxii, 20 TS. i S'Br. &c.; of Brahman MBh. i, 32 BhP. iii, 12, 51; xii, 13, 19; 20; of Daksha

BhP. ix, 10, 10; of Vishnu L.; of Yama L.; of Garuda; the soul Tattvas.; a particular comet
VarBriS.; the sun L.; fire L.; splendour, light L.; air L.; a peacock L.; the body L.; time
L.; wealth L.; sound L.; a king L.; = {kAma-granthi} (?); ({am}) n. happiness, joy,
pleasure ChUp. iv, 10, 5 Nir. &c.; water MaitrS. i, 10, 10 S'Br. x Yj. &c.; the head; hair,
a head of hair L.; (also regarded as ind.; cf. 1. {kam}.)
ka* = 4 a Taddhita affix (much used in forming adjectives; it may also be added to nouns
to express diminution, deterioration, or similarity e.g. {putraka}, a little son; {azvaka}, a
bad horse or like a horse).
kaa* = 1 onomat. imitation of the cry of the ass BhP. x, 15, 30. \\2 = 2. {ka4d} and 1.
{ku} in comp. to express depreciation e.g. {kA7kSa}, {kA-patha}, {kApuruSa}, {ko7SNa},
qq. vv. Pn. 6-3, 104 Vop. vi, 93. \\3 = {kan} (perf. {cake}, {cakAna4}; see
{kA4yamAna} s.v.), to seek, desire, yearn, love (with acc. and dat.) RV.; to like, enjoy, be
satisfied with (loc. gen. or inst.) RV.: Intens. (p. {cAka4t}) to please, be sought after, be
wished for, satisfy RV. x, 29, 1 (cf. {anu-}, {A-}, {saM-} 3. {kA}, {kAti}.)
kaa = who
kaadaMbarii = name of a girl or title of a novel
kaadambaH = (m) duck
kaaJNchana = gold
kaaJNchanaH = gold
kaagadam.h = (n) paper

kaaka = crow
kaakaasana = the crow posture
kaakiNii = the goddess in anaahata chakra
kaaksha * = 1 mfn. (fr. 2. %{kA} + %{akSa}) frowning, looking scornfully or in
displeasure Siddh. on Pa1n2. 6-3, 104 Sch. on Bhat2t2. v, 24; (%{as}, %{am}) m. n. a
glance, wink, leer Pa1n2. 6-3, 104 Bhat2t2. v, 24 Vop. vi, 93 (cf. %{kaTA7kSa}.)\\ 2 m.
a kind of plant g. %{plakSA7di} in the Ka1s3.; (%{am}) n. the fruit of the same ib.; (%{I})
f. the plant Cytisus Cajan L.; a kind of fragrant earth, perfume (%{kacchI}, %
{saurASTra-mRttikA}) L.
kaakutsthaM = kAkutsthaH is another family name for rAma(kakutstha's
kaakutsthaH = descendant of `kakutstha'
kaala *= 1 mf(%{I} Pa1n2. 4-1, 42)n. (fr. 3. %{kal}?), black, of a dark colour, dark-blue
MBh. R. &c.; m. a black or dark-blue colour L.; the black part of the eye Sus3r.; the
Indian cuckoo L.; the poisonous serpent Coluber Na1ga (= %{kAlasarpa}) Vet.; the plant
Cassia Sophora L.; a red kind of Plumbago L.; the resin of the plant Shorea robusta L.;
the planet Saturn; N. of S3iva; of Rudra BhP. iii, 12, 12; of a son of Hrada Hariv. 189; of
the prince Ka1la-yavana BhP. iii, 3, 10; of a brother of king Prasena-jit Buddh.; of a
future Buddha; of an author of Mantras (= As3va-ghosha) Buddh.; of a Na1ga-ra1ja
Buddh.; of a Rakshas R. vi, 69, 12; of an enemy of S3iva L.; of a mountain R. iv, 44, 21
Ka1ran2d2.; of one of the nine treasures Jain.; a mystical N. of the letter %{m}; (%{A}) f.
N. of several plants (Indigofera tinctoria L.; Piper longum L.; (perhaps) Ipomoea

atropurpurea Sus3r.; Nigella indica L.; Rubia Munjista L.; Ruellia longifolia L.; Physalis
flexuosa L.; Bignonia suaveolens Bhpr.); the fruit of the Ka1la1 g. %{harItaky-Adi}; N. of
a %{zakti} Hcat.; of a daughter of Daksha (the mother of the Ka1leyas or Ka1lakeyas, a
family of Asuras) MBh. i, 2520 Hariv.; N. of Durga1 L.; (%{I}) f. black colour, ink or
blacking L.; abuse, censure, defamation L.; a row or succession of black clouds L.; night
L.; a worm or animalcule generated in the acetous fermentation of milk (= %{kSIrakITa} or %{kSAra-kITa}) L.; the plant Ka1la7n5jani1 L.; Ipomoea Turpethum L.; a kind
of clay L.; Bignonia suaveolens L.; one of the seven tongues or flames of fire Mun2d2Up.
i, 2, 4; a form of Durga1 MBh. iv, 195 Hariv. Kum.; one of the Ma1tr2is or divine mothers
L.; N. of a female evil spirit (mother of the Ka1lakeyas) Hariv. 11552; one of the sixteen
Vidya1-devi1s L.; N. of Satyavati1, wife of king S3a1ntanu and mother of Vya1sa or
Kr2ishn2a-dvaipa1yana (after her marriage she had a son Vicitra-vi1rya, whose widows
were married by Kr2ishn2a-dvaipa1yana, and bore to him Dhr2ita-ra1sht2ra and
Pa1n2d2u MBh. Hariv.; according to other legends Ka1li1 is the wife of Bhi1masena and
mother of Sarvagata BhP.); (with or without %{gaGgA}) N. of a river; (%{am}) n. a black
kind of Agallochum L.; a kind of perfume (%{kakkolaka}) L.; iron L.
kaala *= 2 m. (3. %{kal}, `" to calculate or enumerate "'), [ifc. f. %{A} RPra1t.], a fixed
or right point of time, a space of time, time (in general) AV. xix, 53 & 54 S3Br. &c.; the
proper time or season for (gen. dat. loc., in comp., inf., or Pot. with %{yad} e.g. %
{kAlaH@prasthAnasya} or %{-nAya} or %{-ne}, time for departure; %{kriyA-kAla}, time
for action Sus3r.; %{nA7yaM@kAlo@vilambitum}, this is not the time to delay Nal.; %
{kAlo@yad@bhuJjIta@bhavAn}, it is time for you to eat Pa1n2. 3-3, 168 Ka1s3.) S3Br.
MBh. &c.; occasion, circumstance MBh. xii, 2950 Mr2icch.; season R. &c.; meal-time
(twice a day, hence %{ubhau@kAlau}, `" in the morning and in the evening "' MBh. i,
4623; %{SaSThe@kAle}, `" in the evening of the third day "' MBh.; %{SaSThA7nnakAla}, `" one who eats only at the sixth meal-time, i.e. who passes five meals without

eating and has no meal till the evening of the third day "' Mn. xi, 200; or without %
{anna} e.g. %{caturtha-kAlam}, `" at the fourth meal-time i.e. at the evening of the
second day "' Mn. xi, 109); hour (hence %{SaSThe@kAle@'hnaH}, `" at the sixth hour of
the day, i.e. at noon "' Vikr.); a period of time, time of the world (= %{yuga}) Ra1jat.;
measure of time, prosody Pra1t. Pa1n2.; a section, part VPra1t.; the end ChUp.; death by
age Sus3r.; time (as leading to events, the causes of which are imperceptible to the mind
of man), destiny, fate MBh. R. &c.; time (as destroying all things), death, time of death
(often personified and represented with the attributes of Yama, regent of the dead, or
even identified with him: hence %{kAlam-i} or %{kAlaM-kR}, `" to die "' MBh. &c.; %
{kAla} in this sense is frequently connected with %{antaka}, %{mRtyu} e.g. %{abhyadhAvata@prajAH@kAla@ivA7ntakaH}, `" he attacked the people like Time the
destroyer "' R. iii, 7, 9; cf. %{kAlA7ntaka}; %{kAla} personified is also a Devarshi in
Indra's court, and a son of Dhruva MBh. i, 2585 Hariv. VP.); (%{am}) acc. ind. for a
certain time (e.g. %{mahAntaM@kAlam}, for a long time Pan5cat.) [278,2]; %{nitya-k}, constantly, always Mn. ii, 58 and 73; %{dIrgha-k-}, during a long time Mn. viii, 145;
(%{ena}) instr. ind. in the course of time Mn. ix, 246 MBh. &c.; with %{gacchatA} id.
VP.; %{dIrgheNa@kAlena}, during a long time MBh.; after a long time R. i, 45, 40; %
{kAlena@mahatA} or %{bahunA} id.; (%{At}) abl. ind. in the course of time Mn. viii,
251; %{kAlasya@dIrghasya} or %{mahataH} id. Mn. MBh. &c.; %{kasya-cit@kAlasya},
after some time MBh. i, 5299 Hariv.; (%{e4}) loc. ind. in time, seasonably RV. x, 42, 9
S3Br. (cf. %{a-kAle}); %{kAle@gacchati}, in the course of time; %{kAle@yAte}, after
some time; %{kAle@kAle}, always in time MBh. i, 1680 Ragh. iv, 6; [cf. $; Lat. {calendoe}: Hib. {ceal}, `" death and everything terrible. "']
kaalakuutha* = m. (n. L.) a poison (contained in a bulbous root or tube) MBh. iii, 540
Pacat.; a poison (produced at the churning of the ocean, swallowed by S'iva and causing
the blueness of his neck) MBh. i, 1152 BhP. &c. [277,2]; poison (in general) BhP. iii, 2,

23.\\* = m. id. L.; (for 1. and 3. see p. 277, col. 1, and p. 279, col. 2.)\\ 3 {As} m. pl. (1.
fr. {kalak-})N. of a country near the Hima7laya and of the people inhabiting it MBh.;
mfn. relating to that country g. {palady-Adi}.
kaalika* =1 m. a species of heron (Ardea jaculator) L. (v.l. {kAlIka}); N. of a king of the
Ngas Lalit.; of a prince Pacad.
kaalikaa* =1 (f. of 1. {kAlaka} q.v.)
kaalika* =2 mf({I} Pn. 5-1, 108)n. relating to or connected with or depending on time
Bhshp.; fit for any particular season, seasonable MBh. iii, 868; lasting a long time
Pn. 5-1, 108; (often ifc. e.g. {Asanna-k-}, relating to a time near at hand, impending
Pn. 5-4, 20 Sch.; {mAsa-k-}, monthly MBh. ii, 2080).
kaaM = which
kaamya * = Nom. P. {-yati}, to have a desire for (only ifc. e.g. {putra-kAmyati}, to have a
desire for children) Pn. 3-1, 9 Comm. on Pn. 8-3, 38 and 39 Vop. xxi, 1 S'ntis'.
Bhathth. ix, 59.
kaamya * = 2 mf({A})n. desirable, beautiful, amiable, lovely, agreeable RV. VS. R. ii, 25,
9; v, 43, 13 Ragh. vi, 30 S'ntis'. ii, 7 Bhartri. iii, 40; to one's liking, agreeable to one's
wish KtyS'r. iv, 5, 1 S'nkhS'r. iii, 11, 5 s'vGri. iv, 7; optional (opposed to {nitya} or
indispensable observance), performed through the desire of some object or personal
advantage (as a religious ceremony &c.), done from desire of benefit or from interested
motives KtyS'r. xii, 6, 15 s'vS'r. ii, 10 s'vGri. iii, 6 Kaus'. 5 ChUp. v, 2, 9 Mn. ii, 2
MBh. &c.; ({A}) f. N. of an Apsasas MBh. i, 4820 Hariv.; of several women VP.

kaamyaa * = f. wish, desire, longing for or striving after (gen. or in comp. e.g. {putrakAmyayA}, through desire for a son R. i, 13, 36 Ragh. i, 35); will, purpose, intention (e.g.
{yat-kAmyA4}, irreg. instr. `" with which intention "' S'Br. iii, 9, 3, 4) Mn. MBh. R. Ragh.
&c.; [cf. Zd. {khshathro1-kmya}, `" wish for dominion. "']
kaankshati = desires
kaankshantaH = desiring
kaankshitaM = is desired
kaankshe = do I desire
kaa.nchanamaashraya.nti = take refuge in gold or moneykaala = Time, providence = * 2
m. (3. %{kal}, `" to calculate or enumerate "'), [ifc. f. %{A} RPra1t.], a fixed or right
point of time, a space of time, time (in general) AV. xix, 53 & 54 S3Br. &c.; the proper
time or season for (gen. dat. loc., in comp., inf., or Pot. with %{yad} e.g. %
{kAlaH@prasthAnasya} or %{-nAya} or %{-ne}, time for departure; %{kriyA-kAla}, time
for action Sus3r.; %{nA7yaM@kAlo@vilambitum}, this is not the time to delay Nal.; %
{kAlo@yad@bhuJjIta@bhavAn}, it is time for you to eat Pa1n2. 3-3, 168 Ka1s3.) S3Br.
MBh. &c.; occasion, circumstance MBh. xii, 2950 Mr2icch.; season R. &c.; meal-time
(twice a day, hence %{ubhau@kAlau}, `" in the morning and in the evening "' MBh. i,
4623; %{SaSThe@kAle}, `" in the evening of the third day "' MBh.; %{SaSThA7nnakAla}, `" one who eats only at the sixth meal-time, i.e. who passes five meals without
eating and has no meal till the evening of the third day "' Mn. xi, 200; or without %
{anna} e.g. %{caturtha-kAlam}, `" at the fourth meal-time i.e. at the evening of the
second day "' Mn. xi, 109); hour (hence %{SaSThe@kAle@'hnaH}, `" at the sixth hour of

the day, i.e. at noon "' Vikr.); a period of time, time of the world (= %{yuga}) Ra1jat.;
measure of time, prosody Pra1t. Pa1n2.; a section, part VPra1t.; the end ChUp.; death by
age Sus3r.; time (as leading to events, the causes of which are imperceptible to the mind
of man), destiny, fate MBh. R. &c.; time (as destroying all things), death, time of death
(often personified and represented with the attributes of Yama, regent of the dead, or
even identified with him: hence %{kAlam-i} or %{kAlaM-kR}, `" to die "' MBh. &c.; %
{kAla} in this sense is frequently connected with %{antaka}, %{mRtyu} e.g. %{abhyadhAvata@prajAH@kAla@ivA7ntakaH}, `" he attacked the people like Time the
destroyer "' R. iii, 7, 9; cf. %{kAlA7ntaka}; %{kAla} personified is also a Devarshi in
Indra's court, and a son of Dhruva MBh. i, 2585 Hariv. VP.); (%{am}) acc. ind. for a
certain time (e.g. %{mahAntaM@kAlam}, for a long time Pan5cat.) [278,2]; %{nitya-k}, constantly, always Mn. ii, 58 and 73; %{dIrgha-k-}, during a long time Mn. viii, 145;
(%{ena}) instr. ind. in the course of time Mn. ix, 246 MBh. &c.; with %{gacchatA} id.
VP.; %{dIrgheNa@kAlena}, during a long time MBh.; after a long time R. i, 45, 40; %
{kAlena@mahatA} or %{bahunA} id.; (%{At}) abl. ind. in the course of time Mn. viii,
251; %{kAlasya@dIrghasya} or %{mahataH} id. Mn. MBh. &c.; %{kasya-cit@kAlasya},
after some time MBh. i, 5299 Hariv.; (%{e4}) loc. ind. in time, seasonably RV. x, 42, 9
S3Br. (cf. %{a-kAle}); %{kAle@gacchati}, in the course of time; %{kAle@yAte}, after
some time; %{kAle@kAle}, always in time MBh. i, 1680 Ragh. iv, 6; [cf. $; Lat. {calendoe}: Hib. {ceal}, `" death and everything terrible. "'] //* 2 1 mf(%{I} Pa1n2. 4-1, 42)n.
(fr. 3. %{kal}?), black, of a dark colour, dark-blue MBh. R. &c.; m. a black or dark-blue
colour L.; the black part of the eye Sus3r.; the Indian cuckoo L.; the poisonous serpent
Coluber Na1ga (= %{kAlasarpa}) Vet.; the plant Cassia Sophora L.; a red kind of
Plumbago L.; the resin of the plant Shorea robusta L.; the planet Saturn; N. of S3iva; of
Rudra BhP. iii, 12, 12; of a son of Hrada Hariv. 189; of the prince Ka1la-yavana BhP. iii,
3, 10; of a brother of king Prasena-jit Buddh.; of a future Buddha; of an author of
Mantras (= As3va-ghosha) Buddh.; of a Na1ga-ra1ja Buddh.; of a Rakshas R. vi, 69, 12;

of an enemy of S3iva L.; of a mountain R. iv, 44, 21 Ka1ran2d2.; of one of the nine
treasures Jain.; a mystical N. of the letter %{m}; (%{A}) f. N. of several plants
(Indigofera tinctoria L.; Piper longum L.; (perhaps) Ipomoea atropurpurea Sus3r.;
Nigella indica L.; Rubia Munjista L.; Ruellia longifolia L.; Physalis flexuosa L.; Bignonia
suaveolens Bhpr.); the fruit of the Ka1la1 g. %{harItaky-Adi}; N. of a %{zakti} Hcat.; of a
daughter of Daksha (the mother of the Ka1leyas or Ka1lakeyas, a family of Asuras) MBh.
i, 2520 Hariv.; N. of Durga1 L.; (%{I}) f. black colour, ink or blacking L.; abuse, censure,
defamation L.; a row or succession of black clouds L.; night L.; a worm or animalcule
generated in the acetous fermentation of milk (= %{kSIra-kITa} or %{kSAra-kITa}) L.;
the plant Ka1la7n5jani1 L.; Ipomoea Turpethum L.; a kind of clay L.; Bignonia
suaveolens L.; one of the seven tongues or flames of fire Mun2d2Up. i, 2, 4; a form of
Durga1 MBh. iv, 195 Hariv. Kum.; one of the Ma1tr2is or divine mothers L.; N. of a
female evil spirit (mother of the Ka1lakeyas) Hariv. 11552; one of the sixteen Vidya1devi1s L.; N. of Satyavati1, wife of king S3a1ntanu and mother of Vya1sa or Kr2ishn2advaipa1yana (after her marriage she had a son Vicitra-vi1rya, whose widows were
married by Kr2ishn2a-dvaipa1yana, and bore to him Dhr2ita-ra1sht2ra and Pa1n2d2u
MBh. Hariv.; according to other legends Ka1li1 is the wife of Bhi1masena and mother of
Sarvagata BhP.); (with or without %{gaGgA}) N. of a river; (%{am}) n. a black kind of
Agallochum L.; a kind of perfume (%{kakkolaka}) L.; iron L.
kaalaM = time
kaalaanala = the fire of death
kaalaapa * = m. (fr. %{kalA7pa}), a serpent's hood L.; a demon, imp or goblin L.; a
student of the Kala1pa grammar L.; (fr. %{kalApin}) a pupil of Kala1pin Pa1n2. MBh. ii,
113; N. of A1ra1d2a (a teacher of S3a1kya-muni) Buddh. (v.l. %{kAlAma}); (%{As}) m.

pl. the school of Kala1pin (often named together with the Kat2has q.v.)
kaalaaya = (masc.dat.S)to the (Lord of) Time
kaalaH = Master Time
kaalatraya = three states of time(present, past and future)
kaalapurushha = Universal Prototypal Human. Spirit of Time
kaalabala = Temporal strength of planets used in Shad bala
kaalabaahyam.h = (adj) outdated, obsolete
kaalabhairavaasana = Lord Kalabhairava's posture
kaalasarpayoga = Planets on one side of the Nodal Axis of Rahu-Ketu
kaalaya * = Nom. P. {-yati}, to show or announce the time Dhtup. xxxv, 28 (v.l.)
kaaliimaatuH = Mother Kali's
kaale = time
kaalena = in the course of time
kaaleshhu = times

kaalii* = (f. of 1. {kAla} q.v.)

kaalpa* = mfn. (fr. %{ka4lpa}), preceptive, ritual W.; relating to a period called Kalpa
W.; m. the plant Curcuma Zerumbet L.
kaalya * = mf(%{A})n. timely, seasonable Pa1n2. 5-1, 107; being in a particular period
g. %{aig-Adi}; ifc. g. %{vargyA7di}; pleasant, agreeable, auspicious (as discourse cf. %
{kalya}) L.; (%{A}) f. (with %{prajane}) a cow fit for the bull Pa1n2. 3-1, 104: (%{am}) n.
`" day-break "', (%{am}, %{e}) acc. loc. ind. at day-break R. Sus3r. [279,2]
3 kAlya see 2. %{kAla}.
kaam * = ind. an interjection used in calling out to another L.
kaama = lust* = m. (fr. 2. {kam}; once {kAma4} VS. xx, 60), wish, desire, longing
({kAmo me bhuJjIta bhavAn}, my wish is that you should eat Pn. 3-3, 153), desire for,
longing after (gen. dat., or loc.), love, affection, object of desire or of love or of pleasure
RV. VS. TS. AV. S'Br. MBh. R. &c.; pleasure, enjoyment; love, especially sexual love or
sensuality; Love or Desire personified AV. ix; xii; xix (cf. RV. x, 129, 4) VS. PrGri.; N. of
the god of love AV. iii. 25, 1 MBh. Lalit.; (represented as son of Dharma and husband of
Rati [MBh. i, 2596 ff. Hariv. VP.]; or as a son of Brahm VP.; or sometimes of Sankalpa
BhP. vi, 6, 10; cf. {kAma-deva}); N. of Agni SV. ii, 8, 2, 19, 3 AV. TS. KtyS'r. S'nkhS'r.;
of Vishnu Gal.; of Baladeva (cf. {kAma-pAla}) L.; a stake in gambling Nr. xvi, 9; a
species of mango tree (= {mahA-rAja-cUta}) L.; N. of a metre consisting of four lines of
two long syllables each; a kind of bean L.; a particular form of temple Hcat.; N. of
several men; ({A}) f. `" wish, desire "' (only instr. {kAmayA} q.v.); N. of a daughter of
Priithus'ravas and wife of Ayuta-nyin MBh. i, 3774; ({am}) n. object of desire L.; semen
virile L.; N. of a Trtha MBh. iii, 5047; ({am}) ind. see s.v.; ({ena}) ind. out of affection or

love for; ({Aya}, or {e}) ind. according to desire, agreeably to the wishes of, out of love for
(gen. or dat.) RV. AV. TS. S'Br. ChUp.; ({At}) ind. for one's own pleasure, of one's own
free will, of one's own accord, willingly, intentionally Mn. R.; ({kAma4}) mfn. wishing,
desiring RV. ix, 113, 11; (ifc.) desirous of, desiring, having a desire or intention (cf. {go-k}, {dharma-k-}; frequently with inf. in {tu} cf. {tyaktu-k-}.)
kaamaaH = desires
kaamaat.h = from desire
kaamaatmaanaH = desirous of sense gratification
kaamaan.h = desiring
kaamaatura* = mfn. love-sick, affected by love or desire; m. N. of a man Pacat.
kaamaatman* = mfn. `" whose very essence is desire "', consisting of desire, indulging
one's desires, given to lust, sensual, licentious MBh. Mn. vii, 27 [273, 1]; desiring,
wishing for W.; {-tma-tA} f. passion, lust Mn. ii, 2 R. ii, 21, 57.
kaamabhogeshhu = to sense gratification
kaamadhenu = the heavenly cow
kaamadaam.h = (the hymn which) gives (grants) all desires
kaamadeva* = m. the god of love (see {kAma} above; according to some, son of Sahishnu
and Yas'o-dhar VP.); N. of Vishnu (as the god who creates, preserves, or destroys at

will) Vishn. xcviii, 10 (cf. BhP. v, 18, 15); of S'iva L.; of a poet; of a king of Jayant-pur;
N. of the author of the Pryas'citta-paddhati; {-tva} n. the being the god of love Kaths.;
{-maya} mfn. representing the god of love AgP.
kaamadhuk.h = kaamadhenu: the cow who can milk out anything you wish
kaamaH = desire
kaamahaitukaM = it is due to lust only
kaamakaama = desirer of desires (kaamaan kaamayati iti aN)
kaamakaamaaH = desiring sense enjoyments
kaamakaamii = one who desires to fulfill desires
kaamakaarataH = acting whimsically in lust
kaamakaareNa = for enjoying the result of work
kaamaM = desire
kaamamadhiite = desire, reads
kaamapri = son of kaamapra
kaamaruupaM = in the form of lust

kaamaruupeNa = in the form of lust

kaamatIrtha* = n. N. of a Trtha.
kaamaThaka* = m. N. of a Nga MBh. i, 2157.
kaamaTha* = mfn. (fr. {kamaTha}), peculiar or belonging to the tortoise R. i, 45, 30.
kaamaye = (Vr.Pr.IP.S.AP)desire; wish for
kaamavikaaraH = sensual/sexual attraction
kaamaiH = by desires
kaamepsunaa = by one with desires for fruitive results
kaamebhyaH = material sense gratification
kaameshvara = lord of desires
kaamakAmin* = mfn. `" wishing wishes "', having various desires or wishes, following
the dictates of passion TA1r. i, 31, 1 MBh. iii, 11256 Bhag.
kaamin * = mfn. desirous, longing after (acc. or in comp.); loving, fond, impassioned,
wanton; amorous, enamoured, in love with (acc. or with %{saha} or %{sA7rdham}) RV.
AV. S3a1n3khS3r. MBh. R. S3ak. &c.; (%{I}) m. a lover, gallant, anxious husband; the
ruddy goose (%{cakra-vAka}) L.; a pigeon L.; Ardea Sibirica L.; a sparrow L.; N. of S3iva
L.; (%{inI}) f. a loving or affectionate woman Mn. viii, 112 R. Megh. Hariv. Ragh. &c.; a

timid woman L.; a woman in general L.; a form of Devi1 Hcat.; the plant Vanda
Roxburghii L.; the plant Curcuma aromatica L.; a spirituous liquor L.
kaamIna* = or m. the plant Areca Triandra L.
kaaminI * = (f. of %{kAmin} q.v.)
kaamita = something one has wished for
kaamopabhoga = sense gratification
kaaMsa * = mf({I})n. born in Kansa g. {takSazilA7di}.
kaamyaanaaM = with desire
kaaNa* = mf({A})n. (etym. doubtful; g. {kaDArA7di}) one-eyed, monoculous ({akSNA
kANaH}, blind of one eye Comm. on Pn. 2-1, 30 and 3, 20) RV. x, 155, 1 AV. xii, 4, 3 TS.
ii, 5, 1, 7 Mn. MBh.; pierced, perforated (as a cowrie perforated or broken by insects)
Comm. on Pn. 2-3, 20 Hit. Pacat. Bhartri. iii, 5; `" having only one loop or ring "' and
`" one-eyed "' Pacat.; m. a crow L.
kaanana * = a forest, grove (sometimes in connection with {vana}) R. Nal. Ragh. Pacat.
Sus'r.; (ifc. f. {A} R. Ragh.); a house L.
kaanana = forest
kaac* = cl. 1. A1. %{kAJcate}, to shine Dha1tup. vi, 10; to bind ib. (cf. %{kac}, %
{kaJc}.)

kaaJc * = cl. 1. A1. %{kAJcate}, to shine Dha1tup. vi, 10 ; to bind ib. (cf. %{kac}, %
{kaJc}.) {kaJc cl. 1. A1. %{kaJcate}, %{cakaJce}, %{kaJcitA}, &c., to bind ; to shine
Dha1tup. vi, 9 ; [cf. %{kac} and %{kAJc}, %{kakSa} ; Lat. {cingere}.}
kaaJcana * = n. gold Naigh. i, 2 Mn. Ya1jn5. Nal. Sus3r. Hit. [268,3]; money, wealth,
property W.; the filament of the lotus L.; (mf(%{I})n.) golden, made or consisting of gold
MBh. R. Mn. Megh. S3ak. BhP.; m. N. of several edible plants (Mesua ferrea L.; Michelia
Champaca L.; Ficus glomerata L.; Bauhinia variegata L.; Datura fastuosa L.; Rottleria
tinctoria L.); a covenant binding for the whole life Ka1m. (= Hit.); a particular form of
temple Hcat.; N. of the fifth Buddha L.; N. of a son of Na1ra1yan2a (author of the play
Dhanan5jayavijaya); N. of a prince (cf. %{kAJcana-prabha}); (%{I}) f. turmeric L.; a
kind of Asclepias (%{svarNakSIrI}) L.; a plant akin to the Premna spinosa L.; a kind af
yellow pigment.
kaaNDa* = [or {kANDa4} TS. vii], {as}, {am} m. n. (ifc. f. {A}, or {I}) [cf. {khaNDa},
with which in some of its senses {kANDa} is confounded] a single joint of the stalk or
stem of a plant, such as a bamboo or reed or cane (i.e. the portion from one knot to
another cf. {tri-k-}), any part or portion, section, chapter, division of a work or book (cf.
{tri-k-}), any distinct portion or division of an action or of a sacrificial rite (as that
belonging to the gods or to the manes) AV. TS. VS.; a separate department or subject
(e.g. {karma-kANDa}, the department of the Veda treating of sacrificial rites Ks'. on
Pn. 4-2, 51) AV. TS. S'Br. R.; a stalk, stem, branch, switch MBh. R. Mn. i, 46, 48 Kaus'.
Sus'r.; the part of the trunk of a tree whence the branches proceed W.; a cluster, bundle
W.; a multitude, heap, quantity (ifc.) Pn. 4-2, 51 Ks'.; an arrow MBh. xiii, 265 Hit.; a
bone of the arms or legs, long bone (cf. {kANDa-bhagna} and {pucchakANDa4}) Sus'r.;
a rudder (?) R. ii, 89, 19; a kind of square measure Pn. 4-1, 23 Vop. vii, 55; a cane, reed,

Saccharum Sara ({zara}) L.; water L.; opportunity, occasion (cf. {a-kANDa}) L.; a
private place, privacy L.; praise, flattery L.; (ifc. implying depreciation) vile, low Pn. 62, 126; = {kANDasyA7vayavo vikAro vA7} g. {bilvA7di}; ({I}) f. a little stalk or stem
Rjat. vii, 117.
kaandarpa*= m. descended from or relating to Kandarpa g. {bidA7di}.
kaanta * 1 mf({A})n. (fr. 2. {kam}), desired, loved, dear, pleasing, agreeable, lovely,
beautiful; m. any one beloved, a lover, husband; the moon L.; the spring L.; the plant
Barringtonia Acutangula L.; iron L.; a stone (cf. {sUrya-k-}, &c.) L.; N. of Kriishna L.; of
Skanda MBh. iii, 14631; of a son of Dharma-netra Hariv. i, 33, 3; ({A}) f. a beloved or
lovely woman, wife, mistress Kaths.; a charming wife L.; the earth L.; N. of certain
plants L.; large cardamoms L.; a kind of perfume ({reNukA}, Piper aurantiacum) L.; N.
of a metre of four lines of seventeen syllables each; a kind of S'ruti; ({am}) n. saffron L.;
a kind of iron L.; a magnet Buddh.; a kind of hou
kaantaM = lovely, glowing * = mf({A})n. (fr. 2. {kam}), desired, loved, dear, pleasing,
agreeable, lovely, beautiful; m. any one beloved, a lover, husband; the moon L.; the
spring L.; the plant Barringtonia Acutangula L.; iron L.; a stone (cf. {sUrya-k-}, &c.) L.;
N. of Kriishna L.; of Skanda MBh. iii, 14631; of a son of Dharma-netra Hariv. i, 33, 3;
({A}) f. a beloved or lovely woman, wife, mistress Kaths.; a charming wife L.; the earth
L.; N. of certain plants L.; large cardamoms L.; a kind of perfume ({reNukA}, Piper
aurantiacum) L.; N. of a metre of four lines of seventeen syllables each; a kind of S'ruti;
({am}) n. saffron L.; a kind of iron L.; a magnet Buddh.; a kind of house L.
kaantaa = wife

kaanti = splendourkaa-purushha = contemptible fellow* = f. desire, wish L.; loveliness,

beauty, splendour, female beauty, personal decoration or embellishment Nal. S'ak.
Megh. Pacat. Sus'r. Kaths.; a lovely colour, brightness (especially of the moon)
Kaths.; (ifc. f. {I}) Caurap.; (in rhetoric) beauty enhanced by love Vm. iii, 1, 22; xxii, 14
Sh.; a lovely or desirable woman personified as wife of the moon Hariv. 5419; N. of
Lakshm BhP. x, 65, 29; of Durg DevP.
kaarttikeya *= m. N. of a son of S3iva and Pa1rvati1 (popularly regarded as god of war ,
because he leads the Gan2as or hosts of S3iva against the demon hosts see RTL. p. 213 ;
accord. to one legend he was son of S3iva without the intervention of Pa1rvati1 , the
generative energy of S3iva being cast into the fire and then received by the Ganges ,
whence he is sometimes described as son of Agni and Gan3ga1 ; when born he was
fostered by the six Kr2ittika1s q.v. , and these offering their six breasts to the child he
became six-headed ; he is also called Kuma1ra , Skanda , and Subrahman2ya ; his N.
Ka1rttikeya may be derived from his foster mothers or from the month Ka1rttika as the
best for warfare: in the Mr2icch. and elsewhere he is regarded as presiding over thieves)
MBh. &c.
kaara * =1 mf({I})n. (1. {kR} Pn. 3-2, 23), making, doing, working, a maker, doer (ifc.
see {kumbha-k-}, {yajJa k-}, {suvarNa-k-}); an author (e.g. {vArttika-k-}); m. (ifc.) an
act, action (see {kAma-k-}, {puruSa-k-}); the term used in designating a letter or sound
or indeclinable word (e.g. {a-k-}, {ka-k-}, qq. vv.; {eva-k-}, the word {eva}; {phUt-k-}
q.v.) Prt. Mn. &c.; effort, exertion L.; determination L.; religious austerity L.; a
husband, master, lord L.; ({as} or {A}) m. or f. act of worship, song of praise Divyv.;
({I}) f. N. of a plant (= {kArikA}, {kAryA} &c.) L.
kaara *= 2 m. (= 2. {kara}) tax, toll, royal revenue Pn. 6-3, 10; a heap of snow or a

mountain covered with it L.; (mfn.) produced by hail Sus'r.

kaara * =3 m. (2. {kR}), a song or hymn of praise RV.; a battle song RV.
kaara * = 4 m. (2. {kRR}), killing, slaughter L.
kaaraa * =f. (1. {kR}?), a prison Vikr. Das'.; binding, confinement g. {bhidA7di}; the part
of a lute below the neck (for deadening the sound) L.; pain, affliction L.; a female
messenger L.; a female worker in gold L.; a kind of bird L.
-kaara * = m. bringing down, humiliation, wrong, offence, injury MBh. Kv. &c.;
wickedness, malice W.; opposition, contradiction W.; = next Gal.
kaaraka = Planetary Significator which remain the same for all houses \ * = 1 mf(%
{ikA})n. (generally ifc.) making, doing, acting, who or what does or produces or creates
MBh. &c. (cf. %{siMha-k-}, %{kRtsna-k-}, %{zilpa-k}); intending to act or do Pa1n2. 2-3,
70 Sch.; (%{am}) n. `" instrumental in bringing about the action denoted by a verb (= %
{kriyA-hetu} or %{-nimitta}) "', the notion of a case (but not co-extensive with the term
case; there are six such relations accord. to Pa1n2., viz. %{karman}, %{karaNa}, %
{kartR}, %{sampradAna}, %{apA7dAna}, %{adhikaraNa}, qq. vv. The idea of the
genitive case is not considered a %{kAraka}, because it ordinarily expresses the relation
of two nouns to each other, but not the relation of a noun and verb).\ 2 n. hail-water L.
\5 mf(%{ikA})n. panting, gasping L.
kaarakaiH = which are causes
kaaraNa = reason

kaaraNa * = * = 1 n. cause, reason, the cause of anything (gen., also often loc.) KtyS'r.
MBh. Mn. &c.; instrument, means; motive origin, principle; a cause (in phil. i.e. that
which is invariably antecedent to some product cf. {samavA7yi-k-}, {asamavA7yi-k-},
{nimitta-k-}); an element, elementary matter Yj. iii, 148 Bhag. xviii, 13; the origin or
plot of a play or poem Sh.; that on which an opinion or judgment is founded (a sign,
mark; a proof; a legal instrument, document) Mn. MBh. &c.; an organ of sense Ragh.
xvi, 22 &c.; an action MBh. xii, 12070; agency, instrumentality, condition Kaths. cxii,
178; `" the cause of being "', a father W.; `" cause of creation "', a deity W.; the body L.; a
kind of musical instrument L.; a sort of song L.; a number of scribes or Kyasthas W.;
({A}) f. pain, agony Das'.; an astronomical period W. [{kAraNAt}, from some cause or
reason, Rprt. iii, 13 Mn. viii, 355; {kasmAt kAraNAt}, from what cause? {mamakAraNAt}, for my sake R. &c.; {a-kAraNena}, without a reason Yj. ii, 234; {yena
kAraNena}, because; {yasmin kAraNe}, from which motive, wherefore.] \\ 2 n. killing,
injury L.
kaaraNa n. killing, slaughter L.
kaaaraNa* = n. killing, slaughter L.
kaaraNaM = the means
kaaraNam.h = reason
kaaraNaani = causes
kaarayan.h = causing to be done
kaaraagriham.h = (n) prison, jail

kaardama * = mf(%{I})n. (fr. %{kardama}), made of mud, muddy, filled or covered with
mud R. v, 27, 16 Pa1n2. 4-2, 2 Ka1s3.; belonging to Praja1pati Kardama BhP. iii, 24, 6.
kaari = causing *= 1 %{is} mf. an artist, artificer, mechanic Pa1n2. 4-1, 152 ; (%{is}) f.
action, act, work (only used in questions) Pa1n2. 3-3, 110.\\2 mfn. raising hymns of
praise VS. xxx, 6 and 20.
kaarin *= 1 mfn. (Pa1n2. 5-2, 72) doing, making, effecting, producing, acting, an actor
Ya1jn5. MBh. &c. (mostly ifc. S3Br. Mn. &c.) ; (%{I}) m. a mechanic, tradesman L.\\ 2
mfn. rejoicing, praising \\ m. injurer, oppressor VS.
kaarmana* = mf({I})n. relating to or proceeding from a work or action W.; finishing a
work W.; performing anything by means of magic; ({am}) n. magic, sorcery, witchcraft
Pn. 5-4, 36 Rjat.
kaarpaNya = of miserliness1 * = n. (fr. %{kRpaNa}), poverty, pitiful circumstances
MBh. &c. R.; poorness of spirit, weakness ib.; parsimony, niggardliness Hit. &c.:
compassion, pity BhP. v, 8, 10.
kaarpaNyavaadii = adj. wrechedness incarnate
kaaruNyaruupaM = the personification of compassion
kaartikeya = the god of war, was reared by the Pleiades
kaarttikeya* = m. N. of a son of S'iva and Prvat (popularly regarded as god of war,
because he leads the Ganas or hosts of S'iva against the demon hosts see RTL. p. 213;

accord. to one legend he was son of S'iva without the intervention of Prvat, the
generative energy of S'iva being cast into the fire and then received by the Ganges,
whence he is sometimes described as son of Agni and Gang; when born he was fostered
by the six Kriittiks q.v., and these offering their six breasts to the child he became sixheaded; he is also called Kumra, Skanda, and Subrahmanya; his N. Krttikeya may be
derived from his foster mothers or from the month Krttika as the best for warfare: in
the Mriicch. and elsewhere he is regarded as presiding over thieves) MBh. &c.
kaarya = work *= mfn. (fut. p.p. 1. %{kR}), to be made or done or practised or
performed, practicable feasible AV. iii, 24, 5 TS. Mn. &c. ; to be imposed (as a
punishment) Mn. viii, 276 & 285 ; to be offered (as a libation) Mn. &c. ; proper to be
done, fit, right ; (%{am}) n. work or business to be done, duty, affair Mn. MBh. &c. ; a
religious action or performance Mn. &c. ; occupation, matter, thing, enterprise,
emergency, occurrence, crisis ; conduct, deportment ; occasion, need (with inst. e.g. %
{tRNena@kAryam}, there is need of a straw ; %{na@bhUmyA@kAryam@asmAkam},
we have no business with the earth R. i, 13, 50) ; lawsuit, dispute ; an operation in
grammar (e.g. %{sthAny-AzrayaM@kAryam}, an operation resting on the primitive
form as opposed to the %{Adeza}, or substitute) Ka1s3. on Pa1n2. ; an effect, result MBh.
Sa1m2khyak. Veda7ntas. ; motive, object, aim, purpose (e.g. %{kiM@kAryam}, for what
purpose? wherefore?) Mn. R. &c. ; cause, origin L. ; the denouement of a drama Sa1h. ;
(%{A}) f. (= %{kArI}, %{-rikA})N. of a plant L.
kaaryaM = work
kaaryakartaa = worker, active participant in an organization
kaaryate = is forced to do

kaaryaalayaH = (m) office, place of work

kaarye = work
kaars'a* = m. Curcuma Zedoaria L.
kaashate = (1 ap) to shine
kaazaya* = m. N. of a son of Ks'a or Ks'i Hariv. 1734; of the country of the Ks'is
Comm. on Un. iv, 117.
kaas'a* =1 m. `" the becoming visible, appearance "', only in {sa-k-} q.v.; N. of a man g.
{azvA7di}; of a prince (the son of Suhotra and father of Ksi-rja) Hariv. VP.; a species
of grass (Saccharum spontaneum, used for mats, roofs, &c.; also personified, together
with the Kus'a grass, as one of Yama's attendants) Kaus'. R. Kum. &c.; ({A}, {I}) f. id. L.
({am}) n. id. L.\\kaas'a* =2 wrongly spelt for {kAsa} q.v.
kaas'ishNu * = mfn. shining, brilliant BhP. iv, 30, 6.
kaashiraajaH = Kasiraja
kaashyaH = the King of Kasi (Varanasi)
kaashhaaya = saffron cloth
kaashhTa = wood, branch
kaashthha m. N. of one of Kubera's attendants MBh. ii, 415; (%{a4m}) n. a piece of

wood or timber, stick S3Br. Ka1tyS3r. Mn. &c.; wood or timber in general; an instrument
for measuring lengths; a kind of measure SaddhP.; [%{kASTha-}, in comp., or %
{kASTham} ind. with a verb expresses excellence or superiority Pa1n2. 8-1, 67 and 68.]
kaashthhaa f. a place for running, raceground, course (also the course, path or track of
the wind and clouds in the atmosphere) RV.; the mark, goal, limit VS. TS. S3Br. &c.; the
highest limit, top, summit, pitch Kum. Das3. &c.; a quarter or region of the world,
cardinal point Naigh. Nir. MBh. &c.; the sixteenth part of the disk of the moon BhP. i, 12,
31; a measure of time (= 1/30 Kala1 Mn. i, 64 Sus3r.; = 1/12 Kala1 Jyot.; = 1/15 Laghu, =
1/225 Na1d2ika1, = 1/450 Muhu1rta BhP. iii, 11, 7) MBh. i, 1292 &c.; form, form of
appearance BhP. iii, 28, 12; vii, 4, 22; the sun Nir. ii, 15; water ib.; the plant Curcuma
xanthorrhiza L.; N. of a daughter of Daksha and wife of Kas3yapa (mother of the
solidungulous quadrupeds). BhP. vi, 6, 25 ff.; N. of a town.
kaashhTha = (neut) piece of wood
kaashthhabhakSaNa * = n. `" devouring of wood (of the funeral pile) "', %{-SThA7dhirohaNa} Pan5cad.
kaashthhabhArika * = mfn. a wood-carrier, bearer of wood Katha1s. vi, 42.
kaashthhabheda * = m. cleaving of wood Pa1n2. 6-2, 144 Ka1s3.
kaashthhabhid * = mfn. cleaving wood Pa1n2. 3-2, 61 Ka1s3.
kaashthhabhRt * = see s.v. %{kA4SThA}.
kaashthhabhRt * = mfn. leading to a mark or aim S3Br. xi.

kaashthhabhUta * = mfn. one who has become wood or stands stock still (as an ascetic)
R. i, 65, 3; m. N. of a demon who causes diseases Hariv. 9559.
kaasate = to cough
kaasaaraH = lake
kaatara * = (etym. doubtful,, `" uncertain as to which of the two "' BRD.), cowardly,
faint-hearted, timid, despairing, discouraged, disheartened, confused, agitated,
perplexed, embarrassed, shrinking, frightened, afraid of, timidity, despair, agitation. "
kaat * =ind. a prefix implying contempt (cf. 2. {kad}), only in comp. with
kaate = kA+te, who+your
kaati * = mfn. (fr. 3. {kA}), `" wishing, desiring "' (only in comp. see {RNa4-kAti} and
{kA4ma-kAti} cf. {RNa-ci4t}); ({ayas}) m. pl.N. of a school.
kaavya = poetr
kaaya * =1 mf({I})n. (fr. 3. {ka} Pn. 4-2, 25), relating or devoted to the god Ka (Prajpati RV. x, 121) VS. TS. S'Br.; &c.; m. one of the eight modes of marriage (= Prjpatya
see {vivAha}) Mn. iii, 38 Yj. i, 60; ({am}) n. part of the hand sacred to Praj-pati, the
root of the little finger Mn. ii, 58 and 59. \\ 2 m. ({ci} Pn. 3-3, 41), the body KtyS'r.
Mn. &c.; the trunk of a tree R.; the body of a lute (the whole except the wires) L.;
assemblage, collection, multitude SaddhP.; principal, capital Nr. Briih.; a house,
habitation L.; a butt, mark L.; any object to be attained L.; natural temperament L.

kaayaM = the body

kaaya * = 1 mf(%{I})n. (fr. 3. %{ka} Pa1n2. 4-2, 25), relating or devoted to the god Ka
(Praja1-pati RV. x, 121) VS. TS. S3Br.; &c.; m. one of the eight modes of marriage (=
Pra1ja1patya see %{vivAha}) Mn. iii, 38 Ya1jn5. i, 60; (%{am}) n. part of the hand sacred
to Praja1-pati, the root of the little finger Mn. ii, 58 and 59.\\ 2 m. (%{ci} Pa1n2. 3-3,
41), the body Ka1tyS3r. Mn. &c.; the trunk of a tree R.; the body of a lute (the whole
except the wires) L.; assemblage, collection, multitude SaddhP.; principal, capital Na1r.
Br2ih.; a house, habitation L.; a butt, mark L.; any object to be attained L.; natural
temperament L.
kaayikaa = pertaining to the body
kaayena = with the body
ka = what( use) is the
kachchit.h = whether
kachchhapa = (masc) tortoise
kaD *= cl. 1. P. %{kaDati} , to be confused or disturbed by pleasure or pain ; to be
elated or intoxicated Dha1tup.: cl. 6. P. %{kaDati} , to eat , consume Vop.: Caus. %
{kADayati} , to break off a part , separate , divide ; to remove the chaff or husk of grain
&c. ; to preserve Dha1tup. xxxii , 44 (cf. %{kaND}.)
kad *= 1 cl. 1. A1. %{kadate} , %{cakAda} (R. ed. Gorresio vi , 65 , 23 ; but ed. Bomb. vi ,
86 , 24 reads %{cakAra}) , to be confused , suffer mentally ; to grieve ; to confound ; to

kill or hurt ; to call ; to cry or shed tears Dha1tup. xix , 10. \\ ind. (originally the neuter
form of the interrogative pronoun %{ka}) , a particle of interrogation (= Lat. {nonne} , %
{num}) RV. ; anything wrong or bad BhP. vii , 5 , 28 (cf. below) ; = %{sukha} Nigh. ; %
{kad} is used , like %{kim} , with the particles %{cana} and %{cid} , `" sometimes , now
and then "' ; %{kac-cana} with the negation %{na} , `" in no way or manner "' RV. ; %
{kac-cid} is also used , like the simple %{kad} , as a particle of interrogation (e.g. %
{kaccid@dRSTA@tvayA@rAjan@damayantI} , was Damayanti1 seen by thee , O king?)
MBh. , or %{kaccid} may be translated by `" I hope that "' ; at the beginning of a
compound it may mark the uselessness , badness or defectiveness of anything , as in the
following examples.
kadaachan.h = never
kadaachana = at any time
kadaachit.h = at any time (past, present or future)
kadaapi = at any time
kadaliphalam.h = (n) banana
kadarya *= mfn. avaricious , miserly , stingy , niggardly Gaut. ChUp. Mn. iv , 210 , 224
Ya1jn5. &c. ; little , insignificant , mean W. ; bad , disagreeable W. ; m. a miser ; %{-tA}
f. %{-tva} n. the state or condition of the above MBh. ; %{-bhAva} m. id. ib.
kahalayoga = Stubborness (Ranjan says laziness). Lords of 4th and 9th houses should be
in Kendras from each other and the lord of Lagna should be strongly disposed

kadana * = n. destruction, killing, slaughter MBh. R. Pan5cat. &c.

kaiH = by whom
kailaasa = a Himalayan mountain, home of Shiva
kaitava * = mf({I})n. (fr. {kit-}), deceitful Hariv. 7095; m. patr. of Ulka MBh. i, 7002;
({I}) f. fraud, deceit Blar.; ({am}) n. the stake in a game MBh. ii, 2163 Nal. xxvi, 10;
gambling L.; deceit, fraud, cheating, roguery R. v, 86, 19 Kum. Bhartri. &c.; beryl L.
kaivalya = spiritual independence and freedom * = n. (fr. {ke4vala}), isolation Vm.;
absolute unity Veda7ntas. BhP.; perfect isolation, abstraction, detachment from all other
connections, detachment of the soul from matter or further transmigrations, beatitude
MBh. KapS. Snkhyak. &c.; for {vaikalya} Rjat. vii, 1149; (mf({A})n.) leading to eternal
happiness or emancipation MBh. xiii, 1101.
kajjala = lamp black
kaJNchukaH = blouse
kaH = who
kakudi = hump of an ox
kaksha * = m. (%{kaS} Un2. iii, 62; cf. %{kac}), lurking-place, hiding-place RV. x, 28, 4
VS. xi, 79; a wood, large wood (?) RV. vi, 45, 31; a forest of dead trees, a dry wood,
underwood (often the lair of wild beasts) VS. TS. Ta1n2d2yaBr. Mn. &c.; an inner recess,
the interior of a forest; grass, dry grass; a spreading creeper, climbing plant L.; side or

flank L.; sin L.; a gate W.; a buffalo L.; Terminalia Bellerica W.; (%{as}, %{A}) mf. the
armpit (as the most concealed part of the human body), region of the girth AV. vi, 127, 2
Sus3r. Mr2icch. &c.; [cf. Lat. {coxa}, `" hip "'; O. H. G. {hahsa}; Zd. {kasha}; cf. Sk.
{kaccha}]; a girdle, zone, belt, girth MBh. BhP. &c.; the end of the lower garment (which,
after the cloth is carried round the body, is brought up behind and tucked into the
waistband); hem, border, lace BhP. ix, 10, 37; the scale of a balance Ka1vya7d. Vcar.; (%
{A}) f. painful boils in the armpit Sus3r.; a surrounding wall, a wall, any place
surrounded by walls (as a court-yard, a secluded portion of a building, a private chamber
or room in general) MBh. BhP. Mn. &c.; the orbit of a planet VarBr2S. Su1ryas. &c.; the
periphery, circumference Su1ryas. xii, 65; balance, equality, similarity, resemblance
MBh. xii, 7269 VarBr2S. 26, 6; emulation, rivalry, object of emulation Naish.; the
jeweller's weight called Retti L.; objection or reply in argument L.; a particular part of a
carriage L.; (%{As}) m. pl.N. of a people MBh. VP.
kala=* mf(%{A})n. (etym. doubtful) indistinct, dumb Br2A1rUp. ChUp.; (ifc., %
{bASpa}, or %{azru} preceding) indistinct or inarticulate (on account of tears) MBh. R.
&c. [260,2]; low, soft (as a tone), emitting a soft tone, melodious (as a voice or throat) R.
BhP. Vikr. &c.; a kind of faulty pronunciation of vowels Pat.; weak, crude, undigested L.;
m. (scil. %{svara}) a low or soft and inarticulate tone (as humming, buzzing &c.) L.;
Shorea robusta L.; (in poetry) time equal to four Ma1tras or instants W.; (%{As}) m. pl. a
class of manes MBh.; (%{am}) n. semen virile L.; Zizyphus Jujuba; (%{A}) f. see %{kalA}
below.
kalaa = Art= *f. (etym. doubtful) a small part of anything, any single part or portion of a
whole, esp. a sixteenth part RV. viii, 47, 17 TS. S3Br. Mn. &c.; a digit or one-sixteenth of
the moon's diameter Hit. Katha1s.; (personified as a daughter of Kardama and wife of
Mari1ci BhP.); a symbolical expression for the number sixteen Hcat.; interest on a

capital (considered as a certain part of it) S3is3. ix, 32; a division of time (said to be
1/900 of a day or 1-6 minutes Mn. i, 64 Hariv.; or 1/1800 of a day or 0-8 minutes
Comm. on VP.; or 2 minutes and 26 54/201 seconds Sus3r.; or 1 minute and 35
205/301, seconds, or 8 seconds BhavP.); the sixtieth part of one-thirtieth of a zodiacal
sign, a minute of a degree Su1ryas.; (in prosody) a syllabic instant; a term for the seven
substrata of the elements or Dha1tus of the human body (viz. flesh, blood, fat, phlegm,
urine, bile, and semen; but according to Hemacandra, %{rasa}, `" chyle "', %{asthi}, `"
bone "', and %{majjan}, `" marrow "', take the place of phlegm, urine, and bile) Sus3r.;
an atom (there are 3015 Kala1s or atoms in every one of the six Dha1tus, not counting the
%{rasa}, therefore in all 18090); (with Pa1s3upatas) the elements of the gross or
material world Sarvad.; an embryo shortly after conception (cf. %{kalana}); a
designation of the three constituent parts of a sacrifice (viz. %{mantra}, %{dravya}, and
%{zraddhA} Ni1lak. on MBh. [ed. Bomb.] xiv, 89, 3); the menstrual discharge L.; any
practical art, any mechanical or fine art (sixty-four are enumerated in the S3aivatantra
[T.]; the following is a list of them: %{gItam}, %{vAdyam}, %{nRtyam}, %{nAtyam}, %
{Alekhyam}, %{vizeSaka-cchedyam}, %{taNDula-kusuma-balivikArAH}, %
{puSpA7staranam}, %{dazana-vasanA7GgarAgAH}, %{maNi-bhUmikA-karma}, %
{zayana-racanam}, %{udaka-vAdyam}, %{udaka-ghAtaH}, %{citrA@yogAH}, %
{mAlya-granthana-vikalpAH}, %{keza-zekharA7pIDayojanam}, %{nepathya-yogAH}, %
{karNa-pattra-bhaGgAH}, %{gandha-yuktiH}, %{bhUSaNa-yojanam}, %{indrajAlam},
%{kaucumAra-yogAH}, %{hasta-lAghavam}, %{citrazAkA7pUpa-bhakSya-vikArakriyA}, %{pAnaka-rasarAgA7sava-yojanam}, %{sUcIvApa-karma}, %{vINA-Damaruka-sUtra-krIDA}, %{prahelikA}, %{pratimA}, %{durvacakayogAH}, %{pustakavAcanam}, %{nATakA7khyAyikA-darzanam}, %{kAvya-samasyA-pUraNam}, %
{paTTikA-vetrabANa-vikalpAH}, %{tarkU-karmANi}, %{takSaNam}, %{vAstu-vidyA},
%{rUpya-ratna-parIkSA}, %{dhAtu-vAdaH}, %{maNi-rAga-jJAnam}, %{AkarajJAnam}, %{vRkSA7yur-veda-yogAH}, %{meSa-kukkuTa-lAvaka-yuddha-vidhiH}, %

{zuka-sArikA-pralApanam}, %{utsAdanam}, %{keza-mArjana-kauzalam}, %{akSaramuSTikA-kathanam}, %{mlechitaka-vikalpAH}, %{deza-bhASA-jJAnam}, %{puSpazakaTikA-nimitta-jJAnam}, %{yantra-mAtRkA}, %{dhAraNa-mAtRkA}, %

{saMpATyam}, %{mAnasI@kAvya-kriyA}, %{kriyA-vikalpAH}, %{chalitakayogAH}, %
{abhidhAna-koSa-cchando-jJAnam}, %{vastra-gopanAni}, %{dyUta-vizeSaH}, %
{AkarSaNa-krIDA}, %{bAlaka-krIDanakAni}, %{vainAyikInAM@vidyANAM@jJAnam},
%{vaijayikInAM@vidyAnAM@jJAnam} [261,2]; see also Va1tsy. i, 3, 17) R. Pan5cat.
Bhartr2. &c.; skill, ingenuity; ignorance; a low and sweet tone Ba1lar.; a boat L.; a N.
given to Da1ksha1yan2i1 in the region near the river Candrabha1ga1 MatsyaP.; N. of a
grammatical commentary.
kalaapa* = (%{kalA7pa}, fr. %{Ap}) m. `" that which holds single parts together "', a
bundle, band (cf. %{jaTA-k-}, %{muktA-k-}, %{razanA-k-}) MBh. Kum. &c.; a bundle of
arrows, a quiver with arrows, quiver MBh. R. &c.; (once n. MBh. iii, 11454); a peacock's
tail MBh. Pan5cat. &c.; an ornament in general Ma1lav.; a zone, a string of bells (worn by
women round the waist) L.; the rope round an elephant's neck L.; totality, whole body or
collection of a number of separate things (esp. ifc.; cf. %{kriyA-k-}, &c.); the moon L.; a
clever and intelligent man L.; N. of a grammar also called Ka1tantra (supposed to be
revealed by Ka1rttikeya to S3arvavarman); N. of a village (cf. %{kalApa-grAma}) VP.; a
poem written in one metre W.; (%{I}) f. a bundle of grass Ka1tyS3r. A1s3vS3r.; %{khaJja} m. a particular disease (said to be St. Vitus's dance; v.l. %{kalAyakhaJja})
Bhpr.; %{-grAma} m. N. of a village Hariv. BhP. VP.; %{-cchanda} m. an ornament of
pearls consisting of twenty-four strings L.; %{-tattvA7rNava} m. N. of a commentary on
the grammar called Kala1pa; %{-dvIpa} m. v.l. for %{kalApa-grAma} above; %{varman} m. N. of a man Ka1d.; %{-zas} ind. in bundles, bundle by bundle MBh. xiii; %{ziras} m. N. of a man (v.l. %{kapAla-ziras}) R.//2 &c. see %{kalA}.

kalakala* = m. any confused noise (as a tinkling or rattling sound, the murmuring of a
crowd &c.) Mriicch. S'is'. Ratnv. &c.; the resinous exudation of Shorea robusta L.; a N.
of S'iva MBh. xii, 10378; {-rava} m. a confused noise Bhartri.; {-vat} mfn. tinkling,
rattling Amar.; {-lA7rava} m. a confused noise Pacat.; {-le7zvaratIrtha} n. N. of a
Trtha, S'ivP.
kalaja* = m. a cock Bhpr.
kala-tva* = n. melody, music W.
kala-rava* = m. a low sweet tone Bhartri.; `" having a sweet voice "', the Indian cuckoo
L.; a pigeon L.
kalaGka* = m. (etym. doubtful) a stain, spot, mark, soil; defamation, blame Kaths.
Mriicch. &c.
kalatra* = n. a wife, consort MBh. Bhartri. Hit. &c.; the female of an animal Vikr.; the
hip and loins L.; pudendum muliebre L.; a royal citadel, a stronghold or fastness W.; (in
astron.) the seventh lunar mansion VarBri.
kalaanaatha = moon (??? I may be wrong here)
kalaayaH = (m) groundnut
kalaaya * m. a sort of pea or pulse MBh. Sus'r. &c.; a kind of plant with darkcoloured
flowers S'is'. xiii, 21; ({A}) f. a species of Drv-grass L.
kalakattaanagaraM = Calcutta

kalakala = a sort of sound imitation (dhvnyanukaraNa) like a river flow

kalakuutha* = {As} m. pl.N. of a warrior-tribe Pn. 4-1, 173.; the poison: see
kaalakuutha
kalatrakaaraka = Significator of marriage partner which is Venus:
kalatra *= a wife, consort MBh. Bhartri. Hit. &c.; the female of an animal Vikr.; the hip
and loins L.; pudendum muliebre L.; a royal citadel, a stronghold or fastness W.; (in
astron.) the seventh lunar mansion VarBri.
kalaya * = 1 Nom. P. (fr. {kali}) {kalayati}, to take hold of the die called Kali Ks'. on
Pn. 3-1, 21.
kalaaya * = m. a sort of pea or pulse MBh. Sus'r. &c.; a kind of plant with darkcoloured
flowers S'is'. xiii, 21; ({A}) f. a species of Drv-grass L.
kalayataaM = of subduers
kalaha = fight/discord/argument
kalatra n. a wife, consort MBh. Bhartr2. Hit. &c.; the female of an animal Vikr.; the hip
and loins L.; pudendum muliebre L.; a royal citadel, a stronghold or fastness W.; (in
astron.) the seventh lunar mansion VarBr2.
kalau = during the kali age
kaldaspaagheti = (m) left-overs

kalevara = (neut) body

kalevaraM = the body
kali = Budkali * = m. (1. {kal} Comm. on Un. iv, 117)N. of the die or side of a die marked
with one dot, the losing die AV. vii, 109, 1 S'Br. &c. (personified as an evil genius in the
episode of Nala); symbolical expression for the number 1; Terminalia Bellerica (the nuts
of which in older times were used as dice) L.; N. of the last and worst of the four Yugas or
ages, the present age, age of vice AitBr. Mn. i, 86; ix, 301 f. MBh. &c. (the Kali age
contains, inclusive of the two dawns, 1.200 years of the gods or 432, 000 years of men,
and begins the eighteenth of February, 3102 B.C.; at the end of this Yuga the world is to
be destroyed; see {yuga}); strife, discord, quarrel, contention (personified as the son of
{krodha}, `" Anger "', and {hiMsA}, `" Injury "', and as generating with his sister
{durukti}, `" Calumny. "' two children, viz. {bhaya}, `" Fear "', and {mRtyu}, `" Death "'
BhP. iv, 8, 3; 4) MBh. Hit. &c. [262, 1]; the worst of a class or number of objects MBh.
xii, 361; 363; a hero (or an arrow, {zUra}, or {zara}) L.; N. of S'iva MBh. xiii, 1192; N. of
an Upanishad (= {kalisaMtaraNa}); ({i4s}) m. N. of a class of mythic beings (related to
the Gandharvas, and supposed by some to be fond of gambling; in epic poetry Kali is
held to be the fifteenth of the Deva-Gandharvas or children of the Munis) AV. x, 10, 13
MBh. Hariv.; N. of a man RV.; ({is}, {I}) f. an unblown flower, bud L.
kaliyuga = the current, pleasure-loving age
kalilaM = dense forest
kalita * mfn. impelled, driven &c. (cf. 3. {kal}); made, formed S'is'. iii, 81; furnished or
provided with Vikr. Bhpr. &c.; divided, separated L.; sounded indistinctly, murmured W.

\\ * = m. (n. L.), (3. {kal} Un. iii, 40), a viscous sediment deposited by oily substances
when ground, a kind of tenacious paste Sus'r. Yj. &c.; dirt, filth; the wax of the ear;
ordure, faeces L.; impurity, meanness, falsehood, hypocrisy, deceit, sin MBh. BhP. &c.;
Terminalia Bellerica L.; Olibanum L.; (mfn.) sinful, wicked L. (cf. {kaluSa}, {kalmaSa},
{ki4lbiSa}.)
kalikaa* = f. the sixteenth part of the moon Bhartri.; a division of time (= {kalA} q.v.); an
unblown flower, bud S'ak. Ragh. &c.; the bottom or peg of the Indian lute (made of cane)
L.; N. of several metres; a kind of artificial verse (cf. {kAnta-k-}); N. of wk. on medicine.
kalika* = m. a curlew W.
kalkaphala * = m. the pomegranate
kalkiikR * to knead, render doughy
kalkana * = n. meanness, wickedness
kalkin * mfn. foul, turbid, having sediment, dirty W.; wicked W.; ({I}) m. = {kalki} abov
kalkuSI * = f. or n. du. wrist and elbow
kalmashhaH = all material contamination
kalmasha * = n. ({as} m. BhP. viii, 7, 43 = {karmaSa} fr. {karma} + {so}, `" destroying
virtuous action "' Ks'. on Pn. 8-2, 18) stain, dirt; dregs, settlings (cf. {jala-k-});
darkness; moral stain, sin MBh. R. BhP. Mn. iv, 260; xii, 18, 22; ifc. f. {A} Bhag. iv, 30
&c.; mf({A})n. dirty, stained L.; impure, sinful L.; ({am}) n. the hand below the wrist L.;

m. or ({am}) n. a particular hell L.

kalmaa4sha * =mf({I})n. (Pn. 4-1, 40 g. {gaurA7di} Pn. 4-1, 41) variegated, spotted,
speckled with black VS. TS. S'Br. s'vGri. MBh.; black L.; m. a variegated colour (partly
black, partly white) L.; a Rakshas L.; a species of fragrant rice L.; N. of a Nga MBh.; a
form of Agni Hariv.; N. of an attendant on the Sun (identified with Yama) L.; a kind of
deer T.; N. of S'kya-muni in a former birth; ({I}) f. the speckled cow (of Jamad-agni,
granting all desires) MBh. R.; N. of a river (the Yamun) MBh. i, 6360; ({am}) n. a stain
S'Br. vi, 3, 1, 31 [263, 2]; N. of a Sman.
kalmashhaaH = of sinful reactions
kalpa (see also kaalpa) * = 1 mf(%{A})n. (%{klRp}), practicable, feasible, possible S3Br.
ii, 4, 3, 3; proper, fit, able, competent, equal to (with gen. loc., inf., or ifc.; e.g. %
{dharmasya@kalpaH}, competent for duty; %{svakarmaNi@na@kalpaH}, not
competent for his own work; %{yadA@na@zAsituM@kalpaH}, if he is not able to rule)
BhP.; m. a sacred precept, law, rule, ordinance (= %{vidhi}, %{nyAya}), manner of
acting, proceeding, practice (esp. that prescribed by the Vedas) RV. ix, 9, 7 AV. viii, 9,
10; xx, 128, 6-11 MBh.; (%{prathamaH@kalpaH}, a rule to be observed before any other
rule, first duty Mn. iii, 147 MBh. &c.; %{etena@kalpena}, in this way; cf. %{pazu-k-},
&c.); the most complete of the six Veda1n3gas (that which prescribes the ritual and gives
rules for ceremonial or sacrificial acts) Mun2d2Up. Pa1n2. &c.; one of two cases, one
side of an argument, an alternative (= %{pakSa}; cf. %{vikalpa}) Sarvad.; investigation,
research Comm. on Sa1m2khyak.; resolve, determination MW.; (in medic.) treatment of
the sick, manner of curing Sus3r. ii; the art of preparing medicine, pharmacy Car.; the
doctrine of poisons and antidotes Sus3r. i; (ifc.) having the manner or form of anything,
similar to, resembling, like but with a degree of inferiority, almost (e.g. %{abhedya-

kalpa}, almost impenetrable; cf. %{prabhAta-k-}, %{mRta-k-}, &c.; according to native

grammarians, %{kalpa} so used is an accentless affix [Pa1n2. 5-3, 67], before which a
final %{s} is left unchanged, and final %{I} and %{U} shortened Pa1n2. Vop.; %{kalpam}
ind., may be also connected with a verb e.g. %{pacati-kalpam}, he cooks pretty well
Ka1s3. on Pa1n2. 8-1, 57) [262,3]; a fabulous period of time (a day of Brahma1 or one
thousand Yugas, a period of four thousand, three hundred and twenty millions of years of
mortals, measuring the duration of the world; a month of Brahma1 is supposed to
contain thirty such Kalpas; according to the MBh., twelve months of Brahma1 constitute
his year, and one hundred such years his lifetime; fifty years of Brahma1's are supposed
to have elapsed, and we are now in the %{zvetavArAha-kalpa} of the fifty-first; at the end
of a Kalpa the world is annihilated; hence %{kalpa} is said to be equal to %{kalpA7nta}
below L.; with Buddhists the Kalpas are not of equal duration) VP. BhP. Ra1jat. &c.; N.
of Mantras which contain a form of %{klRp} TS. v S3Br. ix; a kind of dance; N. of the
first astrological mansion VarBr2S.; N. of a son of Dhruva and Bhrami BhP. iv, 10, 1; of
S3iva MBh. xii, 10368; the tree of paradise; = %{-taru} below L.; (with Jainas) a
particular abode of deities (cf. %{-bhava} and %{kalpA7tIta} below); (%{am}) n. a kind
of intoxicating liquor (incorrect for %{kalya}) L.
kalpaadau = in the beginning of the millennium
kalpaanta* = m. the end of a Kalpa, dissolution of all things L. (cf. {pralaya}); {-vAsin}
mfn. living at the end of a Kalpa R. iii, 10, 4 [263,1]; {-sthAyin} mfn. lasting to the end of
time Hit. i, 50 BhP.
kalpaantara* = n. another Kalpa.
kalpaatiita* ={As} m. pl.N. of a class of deities among the Jaina

kalpa-druma = kalpa-vRiksha: the tree that will give you anything you can
kalpaka* = mfn. conforming to a settled rule or standard BhP. i, 8, 6; ix, 11, 1; adopting
Hariv.; m. a rite, ceremony MBh. [TBr. ii, 7, 18, 4 of doubtful meaning Comm. %
{kaplaka}]; a barber (cf. %{kalpanI}; Lith. {kerpikas}) L.; a kind of Curcuma (commonly
%{karcUra}) L.
kalpana * = n. forming, fashioning, making, performing L.; `" forming in the
imagination, inventing "', composition of a poem Prab.; cutting, clipping, working with
edge-tools VarBr2S.; N. of a religious ceremony; anything put on for ornament MBh. xiii,
2784; (%{A}) f. making, manufacturing, preparing Sus3r. BhP.; practice Car.; fixing,
settling, arranging Mn. ix, 116 Ya1jn5.; creating in the mind, feigning, assuming anything
to be real, fiction KapS. &c.; hypothesis Nya1yam.; caparisoning an elephant Das3.;
form, shape, image; a deed, work, act Mr2icch.; (%{I}) f. a pair of scissors or shears L.
kalpataru = (m) The heavenly tree giving whatever one desires * = m. one of the five trees
(cf. {paJca-vRkSa}) of Svarga or Indra's paradise fabled to fulfil all desires (cf.
{saMkalpa-viSaya}), the wishing tree, tree of plenty Hit. Pacat. Ragh. i, 75, xvii, 26; any
productive or bountiful source BhP. i, 1, 3; (fig.) a generous person MW.; N. of various
works; {-parimala} m. N. of wk.; {-rasa} m. a particular kind of mixture Bhpr.
kalpataa* = f. fitness, ability, competency BhP. xi.
kalpate *V= is considered eligible, is qualied, becomes, leads, is capable, is equal, to be
considered ready, becomes fit capable, it is so accepted, is fit, does become so, is effected, can attain,
appears, amounts t, one imagines, brings about, generates, creat, is meant.
kalpatantra * = n. N. of wk.

kalpataru * = m. one of the five trees (cf. %{paJca-vRkSa}) of Svarga or Indra's

paradise fabled to fulfil all desires (cf. %{saMkalpa-viSaya}), the wishing tree, tree of
plenty Hit. Pan5cat. Ragh. i, 75, xvii, 26 ; any productive or bountiful source BhP. i, 1, 3 ;
(fig.) a generous person MW. ; N. of various works ; %{-parimala} m. N. of wk. ; %{rasa} m. a particular kind of mixture Bhpr.
kalpavrikshaaNaaM = the kalpa(imagined) vR^iksha trees (wish-yielding)
kalpakshaye = at the end of the millennium
kalpita = imagined * = mfn. made, fabricated, artificial; composed, invented;
performed, prepared; assumed, supposed; inferred; regulated, well arranged Yj.;
having a particular rank or order MBh. Mn. ix, 166; caparisoned (as an elephant) L.; m.
an elephant armed or caparisoned for war W.; ({A}) f. a kind of allegory Vm. iv, 2, 2.
kalpena* = he imagines
kalpetara * = mf({A})n. having or requiring a different kind of treatment
kalpita * = mfn. made, fabricated, artificial; composed, invented; performed, prepared;
assumed, supposed; inferred; regulated, well arranged Ya1jn5.; having a particular rank
or order MBh. Mn. ix, 166; caparisoned (as an elephant) L.; m. an elephant armed or
caparisoned for war W.; (%{A}) f. a kind of allegory Va1m. iv, 2, 2.
kalpya* = mfn. (Pn. 3-1, 110 Vop. xxvi, 17, 18) to be formed from (inst.) Naish. viii, 21;
to be performed, to be prescribed; to be settled or arranged VarBriS.; to be conceived or
imagined VarBriS.; to be substituted W.; relating to ritual W.

kalya * = mf(%{A})n. (3. %{kal} T.) well, healthy, free from sickness (cf. %{a-k-} Gaut.
ix, 28); hale, vigorous MBh. ii, 347 Naish. Ya1jn5. i, 28; sound, perfect, strong MBh.;
clever, dexterous L.; ready or prepared for (loc. or inf.) MBh.; agreeable, auspicious (as
speech) L.; instructive, admonitory L.; deaf and dumb (cf. %{kala} and %{kalla}) L.; (%
{am}) n. health L.; dawn, morning L.; yesterday L.; (%{am}, %{e}) ind. at day-break, in
the morning, tomorrow MBh. Nal. xxiv, 14 R. BhP.; (%{am}, %{A}) n. f. spirituous liquor
L. (cf. %{kadambarI}); (%{A}) f. praise, eulogy T.; good wishes, good tidings L.; Emblic
Myrobalan (%{harItakI} q.v.), [cf. Gk. $.] &81904[263,2].
kalyaaNa = well being (of others) *= mf(%{I4})n. (g. %{bahv-Adi}) beautiful, agreeable
RV. S3Br. &c. ; illustrious, noble, generous ; excellent, virtuous, good (%{kalyANa} voc.
`" good sir "' ; %{kalyANi}, `" good lady "') ; beneficial, salutary, auspicious ; happy,
prosperous, fortunate, lucky, well, right RV. i, 31, 9 ; iii, 53, 6 TS. AV. S3Br. Nir. ii, 3
MBh. R. ; m. a particular Ra1ga (sung at night) ; N. of a Gandharva ; of a prince (also
called Bhat2t2a-s3ri1-kalya1n2a) ; of the author of the poem Gi1ta1-gan3ga1-dhara ; (%
{I}) f. a cow L. ; the plant Glycine Debilis L. ; red arsenic L. ; a particular Ra1gin2i1 ; N.
of Da1ksha1yan2i1 in Malaya ; N. of one of the mothers attending on Skanda MBh. ix,
2625 ; N. of a city in the Dekhan and of one in Ceylon ; a river in Ceylon ; (%{am}) n.
good fortune, happiness, prosperity ; good conduct, virtue (opposed to %{pApa}) S3Br.
Bhag. R. Ragh. Pan5cat. Mn. iii, 60, 65 Sus3r. ; a festival Mn. viii, 292 ; gold L. ; heaven
L. ; N. of the eleventh of the fourteen Pu1rvas or most ancient writings of the Jainas L. ; a
form of salutation (`" Hail! "' `" May luck attend you! "'), S3a1ntis3.
kalyaaNakrit.h = one who is engaged in auspicious activities
kalyaaNii *= in comp. g. %{priyA7di}.

kalyaaNiidazama *= mfn. having the tenth night lucky Ka1s3. on Pa1n2. 5-4 , 116.
kalyaaNin *= mfn. happy , lucky , auspicious , prosperous ; illustrious ; virtuous , good
Katha1s. ; (%{inI}) f. the aquatic plant Sida cordifolia L.
kaM = whom
kam * = 1 ind. (Gk. $) well (opposed to {a-kam}, &78525[251, 3] ill "') TS. S'Br. &c.; a
particle placed after the word to which it belongs with an affirmative sense, `" yes "', `"
well "' (but this sense is generally so weak that Indian grammarians are perhaps right in
enumerating {kam} among the expletives Nir.; it is often found attached to a dat. case,
giving to that case a stronger meaning, and is generally placed at the end of the Pda, e.g.
{a4jIjana o4SadhIr bho4janAya ka4m}, thou didst create the plants for actual food RV.
v, 83, 10) RV. AV. TS. v; {kam} is also used as an enclitic with the particles {nu}, {su},
and {hi} (but is treated in the Pada-pthha as a separate word; in this connection {kam}
has no accent but once AV. vi, 110, 1) RV. AV.; a particle of interrogation (like {kad} and
{kim}) RV. x, 52, 3; (sometimes, like {kim} and {kad}, at the beginning of compounds)
marking the strange or unusual character of anything or expressing reproach L. [252, 1];
head L.; food Nir.; water Nir. Nigh.; happiness, bliss L. \\ * = 2 cl. 1. . (not used in the
conjugational tenses) {cakame}, {kamitA}, {kamiSyate}, {acakamata} Dhtup. xii, 10 to
wish, desire, long for RV. v, 36, 1; x, 117, 2 AV. xix, 52, 3 S'Br. Ragh. &c.; to love, be in
love with, have sexual intercourse with S'Br. xi BhP.: Caus. . (ep. also P.) {kAmayate},
{-ti}, {kAmayAM-cakre}, {acIkamata}, &c.; to wish, desire, long for (with acc. or inf. or
Pot. Pn. 3-3, 157; e.g. {kAmaye bhuJjIta bhavAn}, I wish your worship may eat;
{kAmaye dAtum}, I wish to give Ks'.) RV. AV. TS. MBh. &c.; to love, be in love with,
have sexual intercourse with RV. x, 124, 5; 125, 5 S'Br. MBh. &c.; to cause any one to love
Riitus. (in that sense P. Vop.); (with {bahu} or {aty-artham}) to rate or value highly R.:

Desid. {cikamiSate} and {cikAmayiSate}: Intens. {caMkamyate}; [cf. Lat. {comis}; also
{amo}, with the loss of the initial, for {camo}; {cA7-rus} for {cam-rus}: Hib. {caemh} "',
love, desire; fine, handsome, pleasant "'; {caomhach}, `" a friend, companion "';
{caomhaim}, `" I save, spare, protect "'; Armen. {kamim}.]
kamaniiyakaraM = desired hands
kamala = Lotus
kamalapatra = Lotus leaf
kamalapatraaksha = O lotus-eyed one
kamalaa = saraswati
kamalaasanasthaM = sitting on the lotus flower
kamaTha* = m. (Un. i, 102) a tortoise BhP. Pacat. &c.; a porcupine L.; a bamboo L.; N.
of a king MBh.; of a Muni; of a Daitya; ({as} or {am}) m. or n. a water-jar (esp. one made
of a hollow gourd or cocoa-nut, and used by ascetics) L.; ({I}) f. a female tortoise, a small
one S'ntis'.
kampa * = m. trembling, tremor, trembling motion, shaking MBh. Sus'r. &c.;
earthquake (cf. {bhUmi-kampa}, {mahI-k-}, &c.); tremulous or thrilling pronunciation
(a modification of the Svarita accent which may take place if the Svarita syllable is
followed by an Udtta syllable) Nir. &c.; a kind of time (in mus.); N. of a man.
kampate = (1 ap) to shake

kampayati = to shake
kampiutaH = (m) Sanskrit hi-tech
kaMsa * = {as}, {am} m. n. ({kam} Un. iii, 62), a vessel made of metal, drinking vessel,
cup, goblet AV. x, 10, 5 AitBr. S'Br. &c.; (a noun ending in {as} followed by {kaMsa} in a
compound does not change its final cf. {ayas-kaMsa}, &c. Pn. 8-, 3, 46); a particular
measure (= two dhakas Car.; = one dhaka L.); a metal, tutanag or white copper,
brass, bell-metal; m. N. of a king of Mathur (son of Ugra-sena and cousin of the Devak
who was mother of Kriishna [Ugra-sena being brother of Devaka, who was father of
Devak]; he is usually called the uncle, but was really a cousin of Kriishna, and became
his implacable enemy because it had been prophesied to Kansa that he would be killed by
a child of Devak; as the foe of the deity he is identified with the Asura
nemi; and, as he was ultimately slain by Kriishna, the latter receives epithets like
{kaMsa-jit}, conqueror of Kansa, &c.) MBh. VP. BhP. &c.; N. of a place g. {takSazilA7di}
Pn. 4-3, 93; ({A}) f. N. of a sister of Kansa Hariv. BhP. VP.
kaNa = small bit* = m. (Nir. vi, 30; related to {kanA}, {kaniSTha}, {kanIyas}, {kanyA},
in all of which smallness is implied BRD.), a grain, grain of corn, single seed AV. x, 9, 26;
xi, 3, 5 KtyS'r. Mn. &c.; a grain or particle (of dust) Ragh. i, 85 Vikr.; flake (of snow)
Amar.; a drop (of water) S'ak. 60 a Megh. BhP. &c.; a spark (of fire) Pacat.; the spark
or facet of a gem; any minute particle, atom Prab. S'ntis'.; ({A}) f. a minute particle,
atom, drop; long pepper Sus'r.; cummin seed L.; a kind of fly (= {kumbhIra-makSikA})
L.; ({I}) f. = {kaNikA} below L.; ({am}) n. a grain, single seed Kaths. (cf. {kaniSTha}.)
kana* = mfn. (substituted for {alpa}, `" little, small "', in forming its comparative and

superlative see below; cf. {kaNa}; according to Gmn. fr. {kan}, `" to shine, be bright or
merry "', originally meaning `" young, youthful "').
kanaa* = f. a girl, maid RV. x, 61, 5; 10; 11; 21.
kanaa* = see p. 248, col. 3.
kanaka = gold
kacit VB = for a few days; SB 1.13.14//someone; SB 6.1.58-60//SB 10.41.32// a
certain; SB 10.52.26//a certain; SB 11.7.25// any; SB 11.18.30// for some; SB
12.1.20//yam kacit &emdash; some
kac * = cl. 1. A1. %{kaJcate}, %{cakaJce}, %{kaJcitA}, &c., to bind; to shine Dha1tup.
vi, 9; [cf. %{kac} and %{kAJc}, %{kakSa}; Lat. {cingere}.]
kacana *V = any, someone, anyone, by all means, whatever you like.
kanda* - {as}, {am} m. n. ({kan} Comm. on Un. iv, 98), a bulbous or tuberous root, a
bulb MBh. BhP. Sus'r. &c.; the bulbous root of Amorphophallus Campanulatus L.; garlic
L.; a lump, swelling, knot Sus'r. i, 258, 9 [249,3]; [cf. Gk. $, $; O. H. G. &77847[249,3]
{hnUtr}, {hnUta}]; an affection of the female organ (considered as a fleshy excrescence,
but apparently prolapsus uteri W.); N. of a metre (of four lines of thirteen syllables
each); (in mus.) a kind of time; ({I}) f. see {mAMsa-k-}.
kaNDolaH = (m) a wooden basket
kaNDuuyati = to scratch

kanda = a knot, the place where the three main nadis join
kandaH = (m) root
kanda* = {as}, {am} m. n. ({kan} Comm. on Un. iv, 98), a bulbous or tuberous root, a
bulb MBh. BhP. Sus'r. &c.; the bulbous root of Amorphophallus Campanulatus L.; garlic
L.; a lump, swelling, knot Sus'r. i, 258, 9 [249,3]; [cf. Gk. $, $; O. H. G. &77847[249,3]
{hnUtr}, {hnUta}]; an affection of the female organ (considered as a fleshy excrescence,
but apparently prolapsus uteri W.); N. of a metre (of four lines of thirteen syllables
each); (in mus.) a kind of time; ({I}) f. see {mAMsa-k-}.
kandarpaH = Cupid
kandarpa* = m. (etym. doubtful; according to some fr. {kaM-darpa}, `" inflamer even of
a god "' see 3. {ka}, or `" of great wantonness "')N. of Kma (q.v.), love, lust MBh. Bhag.
Sus'r. &c.; (in mus.) a particular Rga (q.v.); a kind of time; membrum virile L.; N. of a
man Kaths.; ({A}) f. one of the divine women attending on the fifteenth Arhat (Jain.)
kandaasana = the upward ankle-twist posture
kanduka = (m) a ball
kandha = neck
kanishhThikaa = (f) little finger
kaniinikaa = (f) eyeball

ka.nkana = bracelet
kaan'ksh *= (connected with %{kam}) cl. 1. P. %{kAGkSati} (%{cakAGkSa}, %
{akAGkSIt} Dha1tup. xvii, 16), ep. also A1. %{-te}, to wish, desire, long for, hope for (with
acc.), expect, wait for, await (with acc.), strive to obtain, look for anything (dat.)
A1s3vS3r. Mn. MBh. R. Bhag. Megh. Sus3r.: Caus. %{kAGkSayati}, %{acakAGkSat} Pat.
on Pa1n2. 7-4, 1 Va1rtt. 1: Desid. %{cikAGkSiSati}: Intens. %{cAkAGkSyate} and %
{cAkAMSTi}.
kaan'kshaa*= f. (ifc.) wish, desire, inclination R. Nal. Sus3r. Pan5cat.
kaan'kshamaaNa *= mfn. id.
kaan'kshaNiiya*=

mfn. to be desired Ka1d. 102, 17.

kaan'kshat *= mfn. wishing, desiring ; hoping, expecting.

kaan'kshI *= f. a kind of fragrant earth L. (cf. %{kAkSI} and %{kacchI4}.)
kaan'kshin *= mfn. desiring, longing for, expecting, waiting for (acc. or in comp.) MBh.
R. Bhag. Pan5cat. ; waiting R. v, 33, 27 Pan5cat. iii, 134.
kaan'kshintii *= f. wish, desire R. ii, 34, 28.
kaan'kshita*= mfn. wished, desired, longed for ; expected MBh. R. Ragh. ; considered,
thought upon (dat. acc. ed. Bomb.) R. ii, 25, 43 ; (%{am}) n. wish, desire R. v, 29, 9.

ka.nchna = anyone (or someone)

kanta * mfn. (fr. 1. {kam} ind.), happy Pn. 5-2, 138.
kanTha = throat
kanti = brightness, lustre
kanthaH = throated man
ka.nThaM = neck
ka.nThe = in yhe neck
ka.nthaa = rags?
ka.nsya = bronze
kaNikaapiitaa = a little droplet, drunk
kaNTa * = m. (thought by some to be for original {karnta}, fr. 2. {kRt}) a thorn BhP. ix,
3, 7 (cf. {tri-kaNTa}, {bahu-kaNTa}, &c.); the boundary of a village L.; [cf. Gk. $ $ $?]
kaNTakam.h = (n) thorns
kaNTha = throat
kaNThaH = (m) throat, neck

kaNThabhuushhaa = (f) necklace

kaNThasthiikaraNiiya = (adj) that which must be memorized, learned by heart
kaNThahaaraH = (m) necklace
kuNapa * = n. [{as} m. g. {ardharcA7di}] a dead body, corpse AV. TS. S'Br. Mn. &c.;
(said contemptuously of) the living body BhP.; dung; m. a spear MBh. R.; ({As}) m. pl.N.
of a people VarBriS.; ({I}) f. a small bird (Maina or Salik cf. {viT-sArikA}); ({kuNa4pa})
mfn. mouldering, smelling like a carcase S'Br. Sus'r.
ku4Napa-gandha4 * = m. the smell of a dead body S'Br. iv.
kuNapANDya * = m. `" having dead testicles "'N. of a man.
kuNapA7zana * = mfn. eating dead bodies S'ak.
kanya * mf({A})n. the smallest (opposed to {uttama} and {madhyama}) Hcat. i, 302, 8
ff.; ({A4}) f. see {kanyA4} below; [cf. Zd. {kainin}; Hib. {cain}, `" chaste, undefiled. "']
kanyaa4 * = f. ( {kan} Un. iv, 111), a girl, virgin, daughter RV. AV. &c. MBh. &c.
({kanyAM} {dA} or {pra-dA} or {pra-yam} or {upa-pad}, Caus. to give one's daughter in
marriage Mn. viii, ix; {kanyAM prati-grah} or {hR} or {vah}, to receive a girl in
marriage, marry Mn. ix); the sign of the zodiac Virgo VarBri. and BriS. &c.; the female of
any animal Mriicch.; N. of Durg MBh. iii, 8115; N. of a tuberous plant growing in
Kas'mra Sus'r.; Aloe Perfoliata L.; several other plants L.; N. of a metre (of four lines,
each of them containing four long syllables).

kapaTika = cunning, scheming

kapaala = forehead
kapaalaH = (m) human skull
kapaalabhati = a process to clear the sinuses
kapaalnala = fire in the forehead (??? again perhaps wrong)
kapi = monkey
kapiH = (m) monkey
kapidhvajaH = he whose flag was marked with Hanuman
kapota = pigeon, dove
kapotaasana = the dove posture
kapolaH = (m) cheek
kara = Hand* * = 1 (for 2. see p. 254, col. 3) mf({I}, rarely {A})n. (1. {kR}), a doer,
maker, causer, doing, making, causing, producing (esp. ifc.; cf. {duHkhakara},
{bhayaM-k-}, {sampat-k-}, &c.; cf. Lat. {cerus}, `" creator "') AV. xii, 2, 2 Mn. Pacat.
&c.; helping, promoting RV. i, 116, 13; m. the act of doing, making &c. (ifc.; cf.
{ISatkara}, {su-k-}, {duS-k-}, &c.); `" the doer "', the hand RV. x, 67, 6 MBh. Mn. &c.; a
measure (the breadth of twenty-four thumbs); an elephant's trunk MBh. Pacat. &c.; the

claws of a crab Hit.; symbolical expression for the number two; the lunar mansion Hasta
VarBriS.
kara = * 2 (for 1. see p. 253, col. 1) m. ({kRR}), a ray of light, sunbeam, moonbeam R.
Megh. Pacat. &c.; hail L.; royal revenue, toll, tax, tribute, duty Mn. Yj. MBh. &c.
karaM = the cause of
karakushalavastuu = (n) handicraft, hand-made objects of art
karaNaM = the means
karaNa * = (once {karaNa4} RV. i, 119, 7) mf({I})n doing, making, effecting, causing
(esp. ifc.; cf. {antakaraNa}, {uSNaM-k-}, &c.) R. &c.; clever, skilful RV. i, 119, 7; m. a
helper, companion AV. vi, 46, 2; xv, 5, 1-6; xix, 57, 3; a man of a mixed class (the son of
an outcast Kshatriya Mn. x, 22; or the son of a S'dra woman by a Vais'ya Yj. i, 92; or
the son of a Vais'ya woman by a Kshatriya MBh. i, 2446; 4521; the occupation of this
class is writing, accounts &c.) a writer, scribe W.; (in Gr.) a sound or word as an
independent part of speech (or as separated from the context; in this sense usually n.)
Ks'. on Pn. 3-1, 41 Pat. Comm. on RPrt.; (in mus.) a kind of time Kum. vi, 40; ({I}) f.
a woman of the above mixed tribe Yj. i, 95; (with {sutA}) an adopted daughter R. (ed.
Gorr.) i, 19, 9; (in arithm.) a surd or irrational number, surd root; the side of a square
S'ulbas. Comm. on VS.; a particular measure Comm. on KtyS'r.; a particular position of
the fingers; ({am}) n. the act of making, doing, producing, effecting S'Br. MBh. &c. (very
often ifc. e.g. {muSTi-k-}, {virUpa-k-}); an act, deed RV.; an action (esp. a religious one)
Yj. i, 250 R.; the special business of any tribe or caste L.; a calculation (esp. an
astronomical one) VarBriS.; an astrological division of the day (these Karanas are eleven,

viz. {vava}, {valava}, {kaulava}, {taitila}, {gara}, {vaNija}, {viSTi}, {zakuni},

{catuSpada}, {kintughna}, and {nAga}, two being equal to a lunar day; the first seven are
called {a-dhruvANi} or movable, and fill, eight times repeated, the space from the
second half of the first day in the moos increase to the first half of the fourteenth day in
its wane; the four others are {dhruvANi} or fixed, and occupy the four half-days from the
second half of the fourteenth day in the wane of the moon to the first half of the first day
in its increase) VarBriS. Sus'r. &c.; pronunciation, articulation, APrt.; (in Gr.) a sound
or word as an independent part of speech, separated from its context Pn. Ks'. &c.,
({karaNa} may be used in this way like {kAra} e.g. {iti-karaNa} S'nkhS'r.); the posture
of an ascetic; a posture in sexual intercourse; instrument, means of action S'vetUp. Yj.
Megh.; an organ of sense or of speech VPrt. PrGri.; (in law) an instrument, document,
bond Mn. viii, 51; 52; 154; (in Gr.) the means or instrument by which an action is
effected, the idea expressed by the instrumental case, instrumentality Pn. 1-4, 42; ii, 3,
18; iii, 2, 45; cause (= {kAraNa}); a spell, charm Kaths. (cf. {karaNa-prayoga});
rhythm, time Kum.; body Megh. Kum. Kd.; N. of a treatise of Varha-mihira on the
motion of the planets; of a work belonging to the S'iva-na; a field L.; the mind, heart W.
(cf. {antaH-karaNa}); grain W.
karaNaaya = to do
karaNiiyaM = to be done
karatalabhikshaa = alms in the palms
karatalam.h = (n) palm
karadiipaH = (m) torch, flashlight

karabhoru = fair-limbed
karaka * = 1 (for 2. see col. 3), %{as} m. a watervessel (esp. one used by students or
ascetics) MBh. R.; a species of bird L.; hand (?) L.; N. of several plants (the pomegranate
tree, Pongamia Glabra, Butea Frondosa, Bauhinia Variegata, Mimusops Elengi,
Capparis Aphylla) L.; a cocoa-nut shell L.; (%{as}, %{am}) m. n. a cocoa-nut shell
hollowed to form a vessel; (%{As}) m. pl.N. of a people MBh. VP.; (%{am}) n. fungus,
mushroom L.; (%{ikA}) f. a wound caused by a finger-nail S3is3. iv, 29.\ karaka (for 1.
see col. 1) m. hail; toll, tax, tribute.
karalaM = terrible
karavaala = sword
karavaavahai = may we do
karasthaaH = obtaining(literally standing) in his very hands
karaaMshukam.h = (n) full-sleeved shirt
karaala = dreadful
karaalaM = horrible
karaalaani = terrible
kardama * = m. (Un2. iv, 84) mud, slime, mire, clay, dirt, filth MBh. Ya1jn5. Ragh. &c.;
sin Comm. on Un2.; shade, shadow (in Veda according to BrahmaP.); N. of a Praja1pati

(born from the shadow of Brahma1, husband of Devahu1ti and father of Kapila) MBh.; a
kind of rice Sus3r.; a kind of poisonous bulb; N. of Pulaka (a son of Praja1pati) VP.; of a
Na1ga MBh. i, 1561; (%{I}) f. a species of jasmine; (%{am}) n. flesh L.; Civet L.; (mfn.)
covered with mud or mire or dirt, dirty, filthy Sus3r.
karhi *= ind. (fr. 2. %{ka}), when ? at what time ? Pa1n2. 5-3, 21 ; (with %{svid}, or %
{cid} or %{api} [BhP. v, 17, 24]) at any time RV. MBh. BhP. &c. ; (with %{cid} and a
particle of negation) never, at no time Mn. Pan5cat. &c. ; [cf. Goth. {hvar}, `" where ? "'
Eng. {where} ?]
kari *= 1 mfn. (ifc.) causing, accomplishing (cf. %{zakRt-k-}) ; (%{is}) m. the hand
L.\\2 (in comp. for %{karin} col. 3).\\&c. see p. 254, col. 2.
karin *= mfn. doing, effecting &c. Ka1s3. on Pa1n2. 2-3, 70 ; (%{I}) m. `" having a
trunk "', an elephant MBh. BhP. Pan5cat. &c. ; (%{iNI}) f. see above.
kariyaadaH = (m) hippopotamus
karishhyati = can do
karishhyasi = perform
karishhye = I shall execute
karoti = does
karomi = I do

karosi = you do
karau = hands (lower arms)
karka = The Zodiacal sign Cancer
karkaTi = (f) cucumber
karma = Action or activity (see karman)
karma-bhaava = The 10th house of Careers and Work
karmajaM = due to fruitive activities
karmajaa = from fruitive work
karmajaan.h = born of work
karman * = %{a} n. (%{A} m. L.), (%{kR} Un2. iv, 144), act, action, performance,
business RV. AV. S3Br. MBh. &c.; office, special duty, occupation, obligation (frequently
ifc., the first member of the compound being either the person who performs the action
[e.g. %{vaNik-k-}] or the person or thing for or towards whom the action is performed
[e.g. %{rAja-k-}, %{pazu-k-}] or a specification of the action [e.g. %{zaurya-k-}, %{prItik-}]) S3Br. Mn. Bhartr2. &c.; any religious act or rite (as sacrifice, oblation &c., esp. as
originating in the hope of future recompense and as opposed to speculative religion or
knowledge of spirit) RV. AV. VS. Ragh. &c.; work, labour, activity (as opposed to rest, %
{prazAnti}) Hit. RPra1t. &c.; physicking, medical attendance Car.; action consisting in
motion (as the third among the seven categories of the Nya1ya philosophy; of these

motions there are five, viz. %{ut-kSepaNa}, %{ava-kSepaNa}, %{A-kuJcana}, %

{prasAraNa}, and %{gamana}, qq. vv.) Bha1sha1p. Tarkas.; calculation Su1ryas.;
product, result, effect Mn. xii, 98 Sus3r.; organ of sense S3Br. xiv (or of action see %
{karme7ndriya}); (in Gr.) the object (it stands either in the acc. [in active construction],
or in the nom. [in passive construction], or in the gen. [in connection with a noun of
action]; opposed to %{kartR} the subject) Pa1n2. 1-4, 49 ff. (it is of four kinds, viz. a. %
{nirvartya}, when anything new is produced e.g. %{kaTaM@karoti}, `" he makes a mat "'
[258,3]; %{putraM@prasUte}, `" she bears a son "'; b. %{vikArya}, when change is
implied either of the substance and form e.g. %{kASThaM@bhasma@karoti}, `" he
reduces fuel to ashes "'; or of the form only e.g. %{suvarNaM@kuNDalaM@karoti}, `"
he fashions gold into an ear-ring "'; c. %{prApya}, when any desired object is attained
e.g. %{grAmaM@gacchati}, `" he goes to the village "'; %{candraM@pazyati}, `" he sees
the moon "'; d. %{anIpsita}, when an undesired object is abandoned e.g. %
{pApaM@tyajati}, `" he leaves the wicked "'); former act as leading to inevitable results,
fate (as the certain consequence of acts in a previous life) Pan5cat. Hit. Buddh., (cf. %
{karma-pAka} and %{-vipAka}); the tenth lunar mansion VarBr2S. &c.
karmaNaH = than fruitive action
karmaNaa = by work
karmaNaaM = of prescribed duties
karmaNi = in action
karman.h = work

karmaphala = the result of an action

karmaphalaM = the results of all activities
karmaphalatyaagaH = renunciation of the results of fruitive action
karmaphalaasangaM = attachment for fruitive results
karmaphale = in fruitive action
karmabandhaM = bondage of reaction
karmabandhanaH = bondage by work
karmabhiH = from the bondage of the law of fruitive actions
karma * = (in comp. for %{ka4rman} above).
karman * = n. Kus3a grass (as essential part in many religious acts) L.
71 karman %{a} n. (%{A} m. L.), (%{kR} Un2. iv, 144), act, action, performance,
business RV. AV. S3Br. MBh. &c. ; office, special duty, occupation, obligation (frequently
ifc., the first member of the compound being either the person who performs the action
[e.g. %{vaNik-k-}] or the person or thing for or towards whom the action is performed
[e.g. %{rAja-k-}, %{pazu-k-}] or a specification of the action [e.g. %{zaurya-k-}, %{prItik-}]) S3Br. Mn. Bhartr2. &c. ; any religious act or rite (as sacrifice, oblation &c., esp. as
originating in the hope of future recompense and as opposed to speculative religion or
knowledge of spirit) RV. AV. VS. Ragh. &c. ; work, labour, activity (as opposed to rest, %
{prazAnti}) Hit. RPra1t. &c. ; physicking, medical attendance Car. ; action consisting in

motion (as the third among the seven categories of the Nya1ya philosophy ; of these
motions there are five, viz. %{ut-kSepaNa}, %{ava-kSepaNa}, %{A-kuJcana}, %
{prasAraNa}, and %{gamana}, qq. vv.) Bha1sha1p. Tarkas. ; calculation Su1ryas. ;
product, result, effect Mn. xii, 98 Sus3r. ; organ of sense S3Br. xiv (or of action see %
{karme7ndriya}) ; (in Gr.) the object (it stands either in the acc. [in active construction],
or in the nom. [in passive construction], or in the gen. [in connection with a noun of
action] ; opposed to %{kartR} the subject) Pa1n2. 1-4, 49 ff. (it is of four kinds, viz. a. %
{nirvartya}, when anything new is produced e.g. %{kaTaM@karoti}, `" he makes a mat "'
[258,3] ; %{putraM@prasUte}, `" she bears a son "' ; b. %{vikArya}, when change is
implied either of the substance and form e.g. %{kASThaM@bhasma@karoti}, `" he
reduces fuel to ashes "' ; or of the form only e.g. %{suvarNaM@kuNDalaM@karoti}, `"
he fashions gold into an ear-ring "' ; c. %{prApya}, when any desired object is attained
e.g. %{grAmaM@gacchati}, `" he goes to the village "' ; %{candraM@pazyati}, `" he sees
the moon "' ; d. %{anIpsita}, when an undesired object is abandoned e.g. %
{pApaM@tyajati}, `" he leaves the wicked "') ; former act as leading to inevitable results,
fate (as the certain consequence of acts in a previous life) Pan5cat. Hit. Buddh., (cf. %
{karma-pAka} and %{-vipAka}) ; the tenth lunar mansion VarBr2S. &c.
karmayoga = unselfish actions
karmayogaM = devotion
karmayogaH = work in devotion
karmayogeNa = by the linking process of devotion
karmasa.nnyaasaat.h = in comparison to the renunciation of fruitive work

karmasanginaaM = who are attached to fruitive work

karmasangishhu = in the association of those engaged in fruitive activities
karmasangena = by association with fruitive activity
karmasu = in all activities
karmaaNaM = the fruits of actions
karmaaNaaM = whose work
karmaaNi = deeds
karmibhyaH = than the fruitive workers
karmendriya = an action organ, e.g. the hands or feet
karmendriyaaNi = the five working sense organs
karmendriyaiH = by the active sense organs
karNa = ear, also KarNa from Mahabharata
karNaM = Karna
karNaH = Karna

karNapiDaasana = the ear-press posture

karNikaara = Himalayan tree
karNebhiH = through the ears
karpura = camphor
karshha = attracted, contacted
karsha * =m. ({kRS}), the act of drawing, dragging Pn.; (with and without {halasya})
ploughing, agriculture p. Yj. ii, 217; `" anything scratched off "' see {kSAma-karSamizra4}; ({as}, {am}) m. n. a weight of gold or silver (= 16 Mshas = 80 Rettis = 1/4 Pala
= 1/400 of a Tul = about 176 grains troy; in common use 8 Rettis are given to the
Msha, and the Karsha is then about 280 grains troy) Sus'r. VarBriS. &c. [260, 1];
Terminalia Bellerica (also called {akSa} q.v.) L.; a boat L.
kaarsha * = m. ({kRS}; g. {chattrA7di}), `" one who ploughs "', a peasant, husbandman
DivyA7v.; ({I}) f. see {gomaya-k-}.
karshhaka = farmer
karshhati = (1 pp) to draw, to pull
karshhayantaH = tormenting
karzita* = mfn. emaciated, thin R. Sus'r. Ragh. Kum. &c.

karzana* = mfn. ({kRz}), rendering lean, attenuating, causing emaciation Sus'r.;

troubling, hurting MBh. xiii, 6307 (cf. {karSaNa}); ({am}) n. the act of rendering lean,
causing emaciation Car.
karzya* = m. turmeric plant L.
kartayati = to cut
kartarii = (f) scissors
kartavya = should be done
kartavyaM = prescribed duty
kartavyaani = should be done as duty
kartaa = doer, also attributed to main person in a household
kartaa.asi = are the doer
kartaaraM = the father
kartuM = to perform
kartritva =* n. id. Ka1s3.; the state of being the performer or author of anything MBh.
BhP. &c.
kartritvaM = proprietorship

kartritve = in the matter of creation

kartumarhasi = kartuM + arhasi:to do + deserve (You are entitled or you
should)karuNaH = kindly
karuNaa = the sentiment of sorrow
karuNa * mf({A})n. (1. {kRR} Un. iii, 53; but in some of its meanings fr. 1. {kR}),
mournful, miserable, lamenting MBh. Das'. &c.; compassionate BhP. [255, 3]; ({am})
ind. mournfully, wofully, pitifully, in distress MBh. Pacat. Vet. &c.; m. `" causing pity
or compassion "', one of the Rasas or sentiments of a poem, the pathetic sentiment Sh.
&c.; Citrus Decumana L.; a Buddha L.; N. of an Asura Hariv.; ({A}) f. pity, compassion
BhP. Ragh. Pacat. &c.; one of the four Brahma-vihras (Buddh.); the sentiment of
compassion (cf. above) L.; a particular tone (in mus.); ({I}) f. a particular plant L.;
({am}) n. an action, holy work RV. i, 100, 7 AV. xii, 3, 47 TS. i.
karuNaakara.n = the one induces compassion
karuNaarNavaM = the ocean of `karuna' (compassion)
kashaa = (f) a whip
kas'a* = m. a species of rodent animal VS. TS. (cf. {kazIkA4}); a whip, thong MBh. (cf.
{prakaza4}); ({As}) m. pl.N. of a people BhP. (ed. Bomb.)
kas'aa* = f. (Naigh. i, 11 Nir. ix, 19) a whip RV. AV. S'Br. MBh. R. &c. (also written
{kaSA} R. BhP.); a rein, bridle S'is'.; whipping, flogging W.; a string, rope, thong L.;
face, mouth L.; quality L.\\kas'aa* = &c. see {kaz}.

kas'aaya* = m. N. of a preceptor Ks'. on Pn. 4-3, 106 (v.l. {kaSAya}).

kashaaya * = mfn. astringent MBh. xiv, 1280 and 1411 R. Sus3r. Pan5cat. BhP.;
fragrant Megh. 31; red, dull red, yellowish red (as the garment of a Buddhist Bhikshu)
MBh. Hariv. Mr2icch. Ya1jn5.; (%{as}, %{am}) m. n. (g. %{ardharcA7di}) an astringent
flavour or taste Sus3r.; a yellowish red colour Ya1jn5. i, 272 Ka1s3. on Pa1n2. 4-2, 1; an
astringent juice, extract of juice S3Br. Ka1tyS3r. Mn. xi, 153; a decoction or infusion
Sus3r. (the result of boiling down a mixture consisting of one part of a drug and four or,
according to some, eight or sixteen parts of water until only one quarter is left Sus3r.);
any healing or medicinal potion Bhpr.; exudation from a tree, juice, gum, resin L.;
ointment, smearing, anointing L.; colouring or perfuming or anointing the person with
cosmetics MBh.; dirt, filth; stain or impurity or sin cleaving to the soul ChUp. BhP.;
dulness, stupidity Veda1ntas.; defect, decay, degeneracy (of which, according to
Buddhists, there are five marks, viz. %{Ayus-k-}, %{dRSTi-k-}, %{kleza-k-}, %{sattva-k}, %{kalpa-k-}); attachment to worldly objects W.; m. red, redness; a kind of snake
Sus3r. ii, 265, 14; emotion, passion (%{rAga}, of which the Jainas reckon four kinds
HYog. iv, 6 and 77); the Kali-yuga L.; the tree Bignonia Indica R. ii, 28, 21; N. of a
teacher (v.l. %{kazAya}) g. %{zaunakA7di}; (%{as}, %{A}, %{am}) mf. n. the tree Grislea
tomentosa L.; (%{A}) f. a thorny shrub, a species of small Hedysarum L.; (%{am}) n. a
dull or yellowish red garment or robe MBh. ii, 675 (cf. %{kASAya}, %{paJca-kaSAya}; %
{a-niSkaSAya}, full of impure passions MBh. xii, 568.)
kasheruH = (m) spine, spinal chord
kashchana = cerain
kas'cit.h *V= someone, anyone, any of them, some, a certain, certain, some of them,

kashmalaM = dirtiness
kashhaaya = (m) astringent
kaste = kaH+te, who+yourkasmaat.h = why
kasmala* = for {kazmala} q.v.
kasmaat* = ind. (abl. fr. 2. {ka4} AV. &c.) where from? whence? why? wherefore? MBh.
R. S'ak. Pacat. &c. (cf. {a-kasmAt}.)
kas'mala * =mf({A}, or {I})n. foul, dirty, impure Dhrtas.; timid, pusillanimous; ({am})
n. dirt, filth Subh.; impurity, sin L.; ({as}, {am}) m. n. (ifc. f. {A}) consternation,
stupefaction, faintheartedness, pusillanimity MBh.; dejection of mind, weakness, despair
MBh. BhP.
kasmai = to `Ka'
kashtha* = mfn. (perhaps p.p. of {kaS} Pn. 7-2, 22 Vop. 26, 111 Ks'. on Pn. 6-2, 47),
bad R. [266,1]; ill, evil, wrong Mn. MBh. R. Sus'r. &c.; painful Sus'r.; grievous, severe,
miserable Mn. xii, 78 Yj. iii, 29 Bhartri.; difficult, troublesome Mn. vii, 186 and 210;
worst Mn. vii, 50 and 51; pernicious, noxious, injurious Sus'r.; dangerous (= {kRcchra})
Pn. 7-2, 22 Nal. xiii, 16; inaccessible (= {gahana}) Pn. 7-2, 22; boding evil Comm. on
Pn. 3-2, 188; m. `" N. of a man "' see {kASTAyana}; (in rhetoric) offending the ear
Vm. ii, 1, 6; forced, unnatural; ({am}) n. a bad state of things, evil, wrong; pain,
suffering, misery, wretchedness; trouble, difficulty; bodily exertion, strain, labour, toil,
fatigue, weariness, hardship, uneasiness, inquietude (mental or bodily) R. Kaths.
Pacat. S'ak. Hit.; {kaSTAt-kaSTam}, or {kaSTataram}, worse than the worst;

{kaSTena} or {kaSTAt}, with great difficulty Pacat.; ({am}) ind. an exclamation of grief
or sorrow; ah! woe! aIas! MBh. R. Mriicch.
kasya = whose
kasyachit.h = anyone's
kat * =(in comp. for 2. {kad} above).
katama * = %{as}, %{A}, %{at} mfn. (superlative of 2. %{ka}; declined as a pronom.,
Gram. 236), who or which of many? (e.g. %{katamena@pathA@yAtAs@te}, by which
road have they gone?); it is often a mere strengthened substitute for %{ka}, the
superlative affix imparting emphasis; hence it may occasionally be used for `" who or
which of two? "' (e.g. %{tayoH@katamasmai}, to which of these two?); it may optionally
be compounded with the word to which it refers (e.g. %{katamaH@kaThaH}, or %
{katama-kaThaH}, which Kat2ha out of many?); when followed by %{ca} and preceded
%{yatama} an indefinite expression is formed equivalent to `" any whosoever "', `" any
whatsoever "', &c. (e.g. %{yatamad@eva@katamac@ca@vidyAt} he may know anything
whatsoever). In negative sentences %{katama} with %{cana} or %{katama} with %{api}
= not even one, none at all (e.g. %{na@katamaccanA7haH}, not even on a single day, on
no day at all) [246,3]; in addition to the above uses %{katama} is said to mean `" best "',
`" excessively good-looking "' (cf. 3. %{ka}) RV. &c.
katara* = who or which of many
kaatara = uncertain as to which of the two, cowardly, faint-hearted, timid, despairing,
discouraged, disheartened, confused, agitated, perplexed, embarrassed, shrinking,

frightened, afraid
kat *= m (in comp. for 2. %{kad} above).
kath *= 1 cl. 1. P. %{kaTati} or %{kaNTati} , to go Dha1tup. ix , 33. \\ 2 cl. 1. P. %
{kaTati} , %{cakATa} , %{kaTitA} , &c. to rain ; to surround ; to encompass , cover ,
screen ; to divide Dha1tup. ix , 6 (cf. %{cat}.)
kataara* = libidinous man, lecher
katarat.h = which
kath* = 1 cl. 1. P. {kaTati} or {kaNTati}, to go Dhtup. ix, 33. \\2 cl. 1. P. {kaTati},
{cakATa}, {kaTitA}, &c. to rain; to surround; to encompass, cover, screen; to divide
Dhtup. ix, 6 (cf. {cat}.)
kathaH = (m) carpet
kathaaksha = glance
kathi = hip
kathiH = waist
kathikaasana = the front-stretching posture
kathivastram.h = (n) underwear

kathii = waist
kathi * = * {is}, {I} f. the hip, buttock
kati * = 1 (fr. 2. {ka} declined in pl. only, Gram. 227 {a}; all the cases except the nom.
voc. and acc. taking terminations, whereas the correlative {iti} has become fixed as an
indeclinable adverb), how many? {quot}? several (e.g. {kati devAH}, how many gods?
{kati vyApAdayati kati vA tADayati}, some he kills and some he strikes). In the sense of
`" several "', `" some "', {kati} is generally followed by {cid} or {api} (e.g. {katicid
ahAni}, for several or some days); it may be used as an adverb with {cid} in the sense of
`" oftentimes "', `" much "', in many ways "' (e.g. {katicit stutaH}, much or often
praised) RV. &c.; [cf. Zd. {caiti}; Gk. $; Lat. {quot}; cf. Sk. {tati} and &76993[246, 3]
Lat. {tot}.] \\kati * 2 (for 1. see above) m. N. of a sage (son of Vis'v-mitra and ancestor
of Ktyyana) Hariv.
kathu = (m) pungent, hot
kathhina = tough
katipaya = Some
kath.h = to tell
kathaM = tell
kathana * mfn. telling, talkative W.; ({am}) n. the act of telling, narration, relating,
informing Sus'r. Bhartri. Pacat. &c

kathanta = howness
kathaya = describe
kathayataH = speaking
kathayati = (10 up) to narrate, to tell
kathayate = (10 up) to narrate, to tell
kathayantaH = talking
kathayishhyanti = will speak
kathayishhyaami = I shall speak
kathaa = story
kathha* = 1 (for 2. see s.v.), {am} n. distress (?).
kathha* = 2 m. N. of a sage (a pupil of Vais'ampyana and founder of a branch of the
Yajur-veda, called after him) MBh. &c.; m. a pupil or follower of Kathha (esp. pl.); a
Brhman L.; ({I}) f. a female pupil or follower of Kathha Comm. on Pn.; the wife of a
Brhman L.
kathaa* = (for 2. see col. 3) f. conversation, speech, talking together s'vGri. MBh. Mn.
&c.; talk, mention; ({kA kathA} [with gen. or more commonly with loc. and sometimes
with {prati}), what should one say of? how should one speak of? e.g. {eko 'pi kRcchrAd

varteta bhUyasAM tu kathai9va kA}, even one person would live with difficulty, what
should one say of many? i.e. how much more many? Kaths. iv, 123; {kA kathA bANasaMdhAne}, what mention of fitting the arrow? i.e. what necessity for fitting the arrow?
S'ak. 53 a); story, tale, fable MBh. R. Hit. &c.; a feigned story, tale (as one, of the species
of poetical composition) Sh. 567 Kvya7d.; Story (personified) Kaths.; (in log.)
discussion, disputation Sarvad.\\2 (for 1. see col. 1) ind. (Ved. for {katha4m} Pn. 5-3,
26) how? whence? why? RV. AV. viii, 1, 16 TS. &c.; ({yathA4 kathA4 ca}, in any way
whatsoever S'Br. iv); sometimes merely a particle of interrogation (e.g. {kathA4
zRNoti}.. {i4ndraH}, does Indra hear? RV. iv, 23, 3; {kathA4-kathA4}, whether-or? TS.
ii, 6, 1, 7).
kaaththha* = mf({I})n. proceeding from or composed by Kathha Pn. 4-3, 107 Ks'.; m.
a rock, stone L.
kathaamrita = Gospel
kathaamritaM = Gospel
kathita = told
katthana * = mfn. boasting, praising MBh. R.; ({am}) n. the act of boasting MBh. R.
Sus'r.; ({A}) f. id. Comm. on Bhathth.
kautuka = (neut) curiosity, eagerness
kautuuhala * = n. (fr. %{kut-}; g. %{yuvA7di}), curiosity, interest in anything, vehement
desire for (loc., or acc. with %{prati}, or inf.) MBh. R. &c.; anything causing curiosity,
any unusual phenomenon Megh. 48; a festival MBh. i, 7918 DivyA7v. i.

kauNapa * =, coming from corpses; m. `" feeding upon corpses "', a Rkshasa or goblin,;
N. of a Nga (these beings are supposed to eat human flesh)
kaunteya = O son of Kunti
kaunteyaH = the son of Kunti
kaupiina = slenderloin cloth that covers genitals
kaumaaraM = boyhood
kaumaarya = childhood
kaumudii = (f) moonlight
kaushalaM = art
kausalyeyo = kausalyA's (son)
kaustubha = one of Vishnu's jewels* = {as}, {am} m. n. (cf. {kust-})N. of a celebrated
jewel (obtained with thirteen other precious things at the churning of the ocean and
suspended on the breast of Kriishna or Vishnu) MBh. Hariv. R. &c.; m. a manner of
joining the fingers Tantras.; = {kiMtughna} AV. Jyot.; ({am}) n. a kind of oil
({sarSapo7dbhava}) KtyS'r. i, 8, 37 Sch.; N. of wk.
kautUhala * = n. (fr. %{kut-}; g. %{yuvA7di}), curiosity, interest in anything, vehement
desire for (loc., or acc. with %{prati}, or inf.) MBh. R. &c.; anything causing curiosity,

any unusual phenomenon Megh. 48; a festival MBh. i, 7918 DivyA7v. i.

kautuka * n. (fr. {kut-}; g. {yuvA7di}), curiosity, interest in anything, vehement desire for
(loc. or in comp.), eagerness, vehemence impatience Pacat. Kaths. (ifc. f. {A}) &c.;
anything causing curiosity or admiration or interest, any singular or surprising object,
wonder Pacat. Kaths. Vet.; festivity, gaiety, festival, show, solemn ceremony (esp. the
ceremony with the marriage-thread or necklace preceding a marriage) Kum. Das'.
Bhartri. BhP. &c.; the marriage-thread or necklace Kaths. li, 223; pleasure, happiness,
prosperity BhP. i, 17, 26; N. of nine particular substances Hcat. i, 110, 19; ii, 49, 10;
sport, pastime L.; public diversion L.; song, dance, show, spectacle L.; season of
enjoyment L.; kind or friendly greeting, civility L.; ({At}) abl. ind. out of curiosity or
interest Kaths. Hit.; for amusement, as a relaxation W.
kavayaH = the intelligent
kavayitrii = (f) poetess
kavala: ) a mouthful (as of water &c.); a morsel MBh. R. Ragh. Mn. Bhartri.; a wash for
cleansing the mouth, gargle Sus'r.; a kind of fish (commonly Baliya) L.
kavaliikrita = (adj) swallowed
kavara * = mf.({A})n. (3. {ku} Un. iv, 154) mixed, intermingled, variegated S'is'. v, 19; m.
a lecturer L.; ({as}, {I}) m. f. (Pn. 4-1, 42 Vop. iv, 26; also n. according to a Sch.) a
braid, fillet of hair BhP. Gt. Sh. S'is'.; ({am}) n. salt L.; sourness, acidity L.; ({A}) f.
(Sch. on Pn. 4-1, 42) the plant Ocimum gratissimum L.; ({I}) f. id. L.; Acacia arabica or
another plant Npr.

kavi = poet * = kavi mfn. (1. %{kU} cf. 2. %{kava}, %{A4kUta}, %{A4kUti}, %{kAvya}
Naigh. iii, 15 Nir. xii, 13 Un2. iv, 138) gifted with insight, intelligent, knowing,
enlightened, wise, sensible, prudent, skilful, cunning; (%{is}) m. a thinker, intelligent
man, man of understanding, leader; a wise man, sage, seer, prophet; a singer, bard, poet
(but in this sense without any technical application in the Veda) RV. VS. TS. AV. S3Br. i,
4, 2, 8 Kat2hUp. iii, 14 MBh. Bhag. Bha1gP. Mn. vii, 49 R. Ragh.; N. of several gods,
(esp.) of Agni RV. ii, 23, 1; x, 5, 4, 3; iii, 5, 1; i, 31, 2; 76, 5; of Varun2a, Indra, the
As3vins, Maruts, A1dityas; of the Soma; of the Soma priest and other sacrificers;
(probably) N. of a particular poet; cf. %{a4Ggiras} (Mn. ii, 151) and %{uza4nas} (Bhag.
x, 37); of the ancient sages or patriarchs (as spirits now surrounding the sun); of the
R2ibhus (as skilful in contrivance); of Pu1shan (as leader or guider); N. of a son of
Brahma1 MBh. xiii, 4123, 4142-4150; of Brahma1 W.; of a son of Bhr2igu and father of
S3ukra MBh. i, 2606 (cf. 3204 Bha1gP. iv, 1, 45 and Kull. on Mn. iii, 198); that of S3ukra
(regent of the planet Venus and preceptor of the demons) Ra1jat. iv, 495; of the planet
Venus NBD.; of the sons of several Manus Hariv. Bha1gP. VP.; of a son of Kaus3ika and
pupil of Garga Hariv.; of a son of R2ishabha Bha1gP.; of Va1lmi1ki L.; a keeper or herd
RV. vii, 18, 8; (fig.) N. of the gates of the sacrificial enclosure TS. v, 11, 1, 2 (cf. %
{kava4S}); the sun W.; of various men; the soul in the Sa1m2khya philosophy Comm.; a
cunning fighter L.; an owl L.; (%{is}, or %{I} W.) f. the bit of a bridle L.; the reins (cf. %
{kavikA}) W.; a ladle (cf. %{kambi}) L.
kaviM = the one who knows everything
kaviH = poet
kavitaa = poetry

kavitaashaakhaaM = the poetry-branch (of a tree)

kaviinaaM = of all great thinkers
kavya = poetry *= 1 mfn. (= %{kavi} Ka1s3. on Pa1n2. 5-4, 30) wise RV. x, 15, 9 (at VS.
xxii, 2 read %{kavyA4H}) ; a sacrificer, sacrificial priest RV. ix, 91, 2 ; N. of a class of
deities associated with An3giras and R2ikvan [Gmn. ; a class of manes] RV. x, 14, 3 AV. ;
N. of one of the seven sages of the fourth Manv-antara Hariv. ; (%{am}) n. (generally in
connection with %{havya} see %{havya-kavya}) `" what must be offered to the wise "', an
oblation of food to deceased ancestors MBh. Mn.\\2 Nom. P. %{kavyati}, to be wise
Pa1n2. 7-4, 39.
kaya *= only gen. sg. with, every one, bow well down the haughtiness of everyone [cf. Zd.
{kaya}; Armen. {ui}.] \\
ka4ya* = (Ved. for 2. {ka}; only gen. sg. with {cid}), every one (e.g. {ni4 SU4
namA74timatiM ka4yasya cit}, bow well down the haughtiness of everyone RV. i, 129, 5)
RV. i, 27, 8; viii, 25, 15; [cf. Zd. {kaya}; Armen. {ui}.]
kayaa *=in what manner?
ke = who
kechit.h = some of them
kedara * = mfn. = {kekara} L.; m. N. of a plant L.
kedaara * = m. (n. L.) a field or meadow, especially one under water Mn. ix, 38 & 44

MBh. R. &c.; {kapilasya k-}, `" Kapila's field "'N. of a Trtha MBh. iii, 6042 ff.;
{mataGgasya k-}, `" Matanga's field "', another Trtha, 8159; a basin for water round the
root of a tree L.; a bed in a garden or field W.; plain, area KtyS'r. xviii, 5, 4 Sch.; N. of a
particular constellation VarBri.; of a Rga (in music); of a mountain country (the
modern Kedr, part of the Hima7laya mountains W.) MBh. vi, 427 NandiP.; N. of S'iva
as worshipped in the Hima7laya; of the author of a work entitled Abdhi; ({I}) f. N. of a
Rgin; ({am}) n. N. of a Trtha MatsyaP.; of a Linga ib.; (in the Hima7laya) S'ivaP.
keli * = play, sport, amorous sport, pastime, amusement Mn. viii, 357 Mriicch. &c.;
disguise, concealment Gal.; ({is}) f. the earth L.
kena = by what
kenachit.h = by somebody
kendre = (adv) at the centre
kemadruma = No planet flanking the Moon sign. Traditionally a sign of great misery and
mental instability
kes'a = hair
kes'aghna * = n. `" destroying the hair "', morbid baldness, falling of the hair L.
kes'a-caNa * =mfn. known by his hair, having fine hair Pn. 5-2, 26.
kes'a-cUDa * =mfn. one who has dressed his hair in a top-knot Pn. 2-2, 24 Vrtt. 13
Pat.

kes'acaitya * =n. N. of a Caitya W.

kes'a-jAha * =n. the root of the hair g. {karNA7di}. [310, 2]
kes'adhara * ={As} m. pl.N. of a people VarBriS. xiv, 26.
kes'apaas'a * = m. much or ornamented hair, tuft MBh. Kum. Vikr. Riitus. (ifc. f. {A}),
&c.; ({I}) f. a lock of hair hanging down from the top of the head L.
kes'abhU* =f. `" hairground "', head L.
kes'abhUmi * =f. the skull on which hair grows Jain. Sus'
kes'ava * mfn. (Pn. 5-2, 109) having long or much or handsome hair AV. viii, 6, 23 S'Br.
KtyS'r.; m. N. of Vishnu or Kriishna MBh. Hariv. R. &c.; (hence) of the month
Mrgas'rsha VarBriS. cv, 14; Rottleria tinctoria L.; N. of the author of a lexicon called
Kalpa-dru; of the author of the Dvaita-paris'ishtha; of the father of Govinda and
Rucikara; of the father of Brhma and uncle of Mahes'vara; of the son of Vis'va-dhara
and brother of Kari-ntha; of the father of Vopa-deva.
kes'avasya = of KRishhNa
keshinishuudana = O killer of the Kesi demon
keshhu = in which
kesara* = n. the hair (of the brow) VS. xix, 91; (in classical literature usually {kezara})
m. or n. (?), the mane (of a horse or lion) R. S'ak. Pacat. &c.; ({A}) f. id. KtyS'r. ({kes-

}); ({am}) n. the tail of the Bos grunniens (used as a fan for driving away flies) L.; ({as}
L.; {am}) m. n. the filament of a lotus or of any vegetable R. Sus'r. S'ak. &c.; a fibre (as of
a Mango fruit) Sus'r.; m. the plants Rottleria tinctoria, Mimusops Elengi, and Mesua
ferrea MBh. xiii, 5042 R. Lalit. Kum. Megh. [311, 1]; ({am}) n. the flower of those plants
L.; ({as}, {A}, {am}) mf. n. Asa foetida L.; ({am}) n. gold L.; sulphate of iron L.; N. of a
metre (of 4 x 18 syllables); m. N. of a mountain MBh. vi, 11, 23; [cf. Lat. {eoesaries};
Angl. Sax. {haer}; Eng. {hair}; Germ. {Haar}.]
ke4sara-grAma * = m. N. of a village Kshiti7s'.
ke4sara-pura * = n. N. of a town Vsant.
kesaravat * = ({ke4s-}) mfn. having a mane S'Br. vi.
ke4sara-vara * = n. saffron L.
kesaravarNaH = orange colour
kesarin * = mfn. having a mane MBh. i, iii; ({I}) m. a lion MBh. Sus'r. Bhartri. &c.; a
horse TBr. Sch.; N. of an aquatic bird Car. i, 27; the plant Rottleria tinctoria L.; the plant
Mesua ferrea L.; a citron tree L.; a variety of Moringa with red flowers (= {rakta-zigru})
L.; N. of a monkey (husband of the mother of Hanumat) MBh. iii, 11193 R. Das'.; N. of a
prince Lalit.; of a mountain VP.; ({iNI}) f. a lioness Kaths. lxx, 102.
kesava = O killer of the demon Kesi (KRishhNa)
ketakii = a fragrant flower

ketuu = The south Lunar Node also known as Cauda Draconis in latin. The Dragos tail
in English
ketu * = m. (fr. 4. {cit}), bright appearance, clearness, brightness (often pl., `" rays of
light "') RV. VS. AV.; lamp, flame, torch ib.; day-time S'nkhBr.; (Naigh. iii, 9)
apparition, form, shape RV. PrGri.; sign, mark, ensign, flag, banner RV. AV. MBh. &c.;
a chief, leader, eminent person RV. R. iv, 28, 18 Ragh. ii, 33 BhP.; intellect, judgment,
discernment (?) RV. v, 66, 4 AV. x, 2, 12; any unusual or striking phenomenon, comet,
meteor, falling star AdbhBr. Mn. i, 38 VarBriS. BhP. &c.; the dragos tail or descending
node (considered in astron. as the 9th planet, and in mythol. as the body of the demon
Sainhikeya [son of Sinhik] which was severed from the head or Rhu by Vishnu at the
churning of the ocean, but was rendered immortal by having tasted the Amriita) Hariv.
4259 R. VP.; `" a pigmy race "' see {-gaNa} below; disease L.; an enemy L.; N. of a son of
Agni (author of RV. x, 156) RAnukr.; (with the patr. Vjya) VBr.; N. of a Dnava Hariv.
198; of a son (of Riishabha BhP. v, 4, 10; of the 4th Manu, viii, 1, 27); {aruNA4H
keta4vaH}, `" red apparitions "', a class of spirits (a kind of sacrificial fire is called after
them {AruNaketuka} q.v.) AV. xi, 10, 1 f. and 7 Tr. MBh. xii, 26, 7.
kevala = whole, pure * = m. (nom. pl. {e} RV. x, 51, 9) f. ({I} RV. x, 73, 6 AV. S'Br.; {A}
Mn. &c. see Pn. 4-1, 30)n. (in comp. Pn. 2-1, 49) exclusively one's own (not common to
others) RV. AV.; alone, only, mere, sole, one, excluding others RV. AV. TS. &c.; not
connected with anything else, isolated, abstract, absolute [310,1]; simple, pure,
uncompounded, unmingled S'Br. &c.; entire, whole, all Mn. MBh. &c.; selfish, envious
L.; ({am}) ind. only, merely, solely ({na kevalam} - {api}, not only-but also Ragh. VP.
Rjat.; {kevalam-na tu}, only - but not, S'riingr.) Mn. MBh. &c.; entirely, wholly,
absolutely R. ii, 87, 23; but Kd. Hcar.; (= {nirNItam}) certainly, decidedly L.; m. (=
{kelaka}) a dancer, tumbler Gal.; N. of a prince BhP. ix, 2, 30; ({A}) f. N. of a locality

MBh. iii, 254, 10 (v.l. {-lI}); ({I}) f. `" the whole of a philosophical system "' see {pAzakak-}; N. of a locality (v.l. for {-lA} q.v.); ({am}) n. the doctrine of the absolute unity of
spirit; the highest possible knowledge (= {kevala-jJAna}) Jain.; N. of a country (v.l.
{kerala}) MBh. vi, 9, 34.
kevalaM = (adv) merely
kevalaiH = purified
kevalin *= mfn. alone, one, only W. ; (%{I}) m. `" devoted to the doctrine of the
absolute unity of spirit "', a meditative ascetic BhP. iv, 25, 39 ; vi, 5, 40 ; `" possessing
the %{kevala} (%{-jJAna}) "', an Arhat Jain.
keyuura = armlet (bracelet worn on upper arm)
kha = sky, aakaasha * = 1 the second consonant of the alphabet (being the aspirate of
the preceding consonant; often in MSS. and Inscr. confounded with %{Sa}). // 2 2 m.
the sun L. [334,2] // 3 kha 3 n. (%{khan}) a cavity, hollow, cave, cavern, aperture
RV.; an aperture of the human body (of which there are nine, viz. the mouth, the two
ears, the two eyes, the two nostrils, and the organs of excretion and generation) AV. xiv,
2, 1 and 6 Pra1t. Kat2hUp. Gaut. Mn. &c.; (hence) an organ of sense BhP. viii, 3, 23; (in
anat.) the glottis W.; `" the hole made by an arrow "', wound Mn. ix, 43; the hole in the
nave of a wheel through which the axis runs RV. S3Br. xiv; vacuity, empty space, air,
ether, sky S3Br. xiv Pras3nUp. Mn. xii, 120 &c.; heaven L.; Brahma (the Supreme Spirit)
W.; (in arithm.) a cypher Su1ryas. Sa1h.; the Anusva1ra represented by a circle (%
{bindu}) L.; N. of the tenth astrological mansion VarBr2.; talc L.; a city L.; a field L.;
happiness (a meaning derived fr. %{su-kha}, %{duH-kha}) L.; action L.; understanding

L.; (%{A4}) f. a fountain, well RV. ii, 28, 5 (%{khA4m@Rta4sya}), cf. Zend
{aSahe@khAo}) & vi, 36, 4; [cf. Gk. $; Lat. &103509[334,2] {halo}.]
khaa mfn. digging (ifc. e.g. %{kUpa-}; %{bisa-khA4}) Pa1n2. 3-2, 67. // see %{khan},
p. 337, col. 1.
khaani *= f. a mine S3atr. x, 112 (ifc.)
khaaNDava * = {as}, {am} m. n. sugar-candy, sugarplums, sweetmeats MBh. xiii R. i,
vii; N. of a forest in Kuru-kshetra (sacred to Indra and burnt by the god of fire aided by
Arjuna and Kriishna MBh. Hariv. BhP. i, 15, 8 Kaths.) TndyaBr. xxv, 3 Tr.; ({I}) f. N.
of a town built by Suna L.
khaadat.h = one who eats
khaadati = (1 pp) to eat
khaata* = mfn. (Pa1n2. 6-4, 42) dug, dug up, excavated RV. iv, 50, 3 AV. S3Br. iii &c.;
digged into the earth, buried MBh. xiii, 3089; torn, rent W.; m. a ditch Hcat. i, 3, 921; n.
(Naigh. iii, 23) a ditch, fosse, moat, well, pond S3Br. ix, 4, 3, 9 S3a1n3khS3r. Pan5cat.
BhP. &c.; an excavation, cavern; digging a hole W.; (%{A}) f. an artificial pond L. (cf. %
{deva-kh-}, %{viSama-kh-}, %{sama-kh-}, %{sUcI-kh-}.)3
khaatha * = m. (= %{khaTTi}) a bier, cot or bedstead on which dead bodies are conveyed
to the pyre L.; (%{A}) f. id. L.; (%{I}) f. id. Gal.
khabhAra * = m. a particular weight of wood Hariv. 4356 R. i, 4, 21.

khaga = one traversing in the sky, a name of Sun, also birds

khagaH = bird (literally the sky-goer, 'khah' meaning sky
khagolashaastram.h = astronomy
khaM = ether *= ind. g. %{cA7di} (v.l.)
khangaH = (m) sword
khangamrigaH = (m) rhinoceros
khaJNjaH = (m) a handicapped person, lame
khaDga = sword
khaDgii = with sword
khana *= mfn. digging , rooting up AV. xvi , 1 , 3 (cf. %{mRt-kh-}) ; (%{I}) f. a mine L.
khaNDa = (masc, neut) piece
khaNDana = to pound, cut into pieces, injuring, hurting
khaNDapiTaasana = the ankle-twist posture
khaNDayati = to grate (as in grating a coconut)

khaNDashaskritaH = made into pieces

khanati = (1 up) to dig
khara = sharp
kharadhva.nsii = he who smashed (killed) khara (a Rkshasa)
khala = rouge; * (n. g. {ardharcA7di}) a threshing-floor, granary RV. x, 48, 7 AV.
S'nkhS'r. &c.; earth, mould, soil L.; place, site L.; m. contest, battle Naigh. Nir.;
sediment or dregs of oil Pacat. ii, 53; (= {khaDa}) butter-milk boiled with acid
vegetables and spices Sus'r. i, vi; a mischievous man Mriicch. Cn. BhP. Pacat. &c.; the
sun L.; Xanthochymus pictorius ({tamAla}) L.; the thorn-apple L.; ({A}) f. a mischievous
woman Amar.; N. of a daughter of Raudra7s'va Hariv. VyuP. ii, 37, 122; ({I}) f.
sediment or deposit of oil Car. Bhartri. ii, 98.
khalayoga = The Yoga of a swindler or confidence trickster
khalu = (indec.) indeed * =ind. (as a particle of asseveration) indeed, verily, certainly,
truly R. S'ak. &c.; (as a continuative particle) now, now then, now further RV. x, 34, 14
TS. &c.; (as a particle in syllogistic speech) but now, = Lat. {atqui} TBr. S'Br. &c.;
[{khalu} is only exceptionally found at the beginning of a phrase; it is frequently
combined with other particles, thus {a4tha kh-}, {u kh-}, {vai4 kh-}, {kh- vai4}, = now
then, now further TS. TBr. S'Br. &c.; in later Sanskriit {khalu} frequently does little more
than lay stress on the word by which it is preceded, and is sometimes merely expletive; it
is also a particle of prohibition (in which case it may be joined with the ind. p. [{khalu
kRtvA}, `" desist from doing that "'] Nir. i, 5 [also {-tam}] Pn. 3-4, 18 S'is'. ii, 70); or of

endearment, conciliation, and inquiry L.; {na khalu}, by no means, not at all, indeed not
R. &c.]
khalvaaTaH = (m) pate, baldness
khathvaanga* = ({-vA7G}) m. n. `" a club shaped like the foot of a bedstead "' i.e. a club
or staff with a skull at the top (considered as the weapon of S'iva and carried by ascetics
and Yogins) Gaut. VarBriS. Mlatm. v, 4 Kaths.; m. the back-bone Gal.; N. of a plant
ib.; wood from a funeral pile W.; N. of a king of the solar line MBh. i, 2109 VP. (v.l.
{khaTvA7Ggada}) BhP. ii; xi; (= Dilpa) Hariv. 808 and BhP. ix; N. of an attendant in
the retinue of Dev; ({I}) f. N. of a plant Gal.; of a river Hariv. 5329; {-dhara} m. `" staffbearer "'N. of S'iva BhP. iv, 19, 20; {-dhAra} m. id. Hariv. 10680; {-nAmikA} f. `"
named after the {khaTvA7Gga} "'N. of a plant (resembling Plectranthus) L.; {-bhRt}
mfn. one who bears the {khaTvA7Gga} staff Mn. xi, 105 Sch.; ({t}) m. N. of S'iva L.; {vana} n. N. of a forest Hariv. 4171; {-zUlin} mfn. bearing the weapons called {kh-} and
{zUla} Hcat.
khidira: * a pauper, an ascetic, pentinent, the moon, name of Indra
khinna = sad
khe = in the sky *= loc. of 3. %{kha4}, in comp.
khecharii = mudra where the tongue is inserted in the upper cavity
kheda * = m. lassitude, depression R. &c.; exhaustion, pain, affliction, distress Pan5cat.
&c.; sexual passion Pat. Introd. on Va1rtt. 1; (%{khe4dA}) f. an instrument for splitting
(belonging to Indra) RV. viii, 72, 8; 77, 3; x, 116, 4; N. of a locality Ra1jat. ii, 135.

kheDa * = (g. %{azvA7di} Ka1s3.) for %{kheTa}, a village Jain. (cf. %{gandha-kh-}.)
khethaH = (m) shield
kheda = sorrow * = kheda m. lassitude, depression R. &c.; exhaustion, pain, affliction,
distress Pacat. &c.; sexual passion Pat. Introd. on Vrtt. 1; ({khe4dA}) f. an instrument
for splitting (belonging to Indra) RV. viii, 72, 8; 77, 3; x, 116, 4; N. of a locality Rjat. ii,
135.
khyaata = famous
khyaatii = an outlook of knowledge, fame
khrista = Christ
khristaabde = A. D., calendar year
khristi = Christian
khyaata *= mfn. named , called , denominated MBh. &c. ; known , well known ,
celebrated , notorious ib. ; told W.
ki* = 2 cl. 3. P. {cike4ti}. see {ci}. \\ki* = m. n. an ant-hill L. \\ 1 a pronominal base, like
2. {ka4} and 1. {ku}, in the words {ki4m}, {ki4yat}, {kis}, {kI-dRkSa}, {kI-dR4z}, {kIdRza}, {kI4vat}.
kiila * = m. (ifc. f. %{A}), a sharp piece of wood, stake, pin, peg, bolt, wedge, &c. MBh.

&c.; a post, post in a cow-house to which cows are fastened, pillar L.; a gnomon L.;
handle, brace Sus3r.; the elbow VP.; a kind of tumour (having the form of a stake)
Sus3r.; a position of the foetus impeding delivery Sus3r.; N. of the inner syllables of a
Mantra Ra1matUp.; N. of Vi7ta-ra1ga Mahe7s3a (= %{kIle7zvara}); = %{bandha}
Comm. on VS. ii, 34; a weapon L.; flame, lambent flame L.; a minute particle L.; a blow
with the elbow (= %{kilA}) L.; (%{A}) f. a stake, pin L.; the elbow L.; a weapon L.; flame
L.; a minute particle L.; a blow with the elbow (or `" a blow in copulation "') Va1tsya1y.;
(%{am}) n. (= %{kIna}), flesh Gal.
kiilaa4la * =m. a sweet beverage (also a heavenly drink similar to Amriita, the food of the
gods) AV. VS. Kaus'. [285, 3]; ({a4m}) n. id. Naigh. ii, 7; blood Prab.; water L.
kiilaka * =m. a pin, bolt, wedge Pacat. Hit.; a splint (for confining a broken bone)
Sus'r.; a kind of tumour (having the form of a pin) L.; (= {zivaka}) a kind of pillar for
cows &c. to rub themselves against, or one to which they are tied L.; N. of the fortysecond year of the sixty years "' cycle of Jupiter VarBriS.; ({As}) m. pl.N. of certain Ketus
ib.; ({ikA}) f. a pin, bolt Pacat. Hcat.; ({am}) n. N. of the inner syllables of a Mantra.
kiilana * =n. fastening, staking.
kIrtana *= n. mentioning , repeating , saying , telling MBh. Pan5cat. &c. ; (%{A}) f. id.
Sus3r. ; fame L.
kiirtayantaH = chanting
kiirtiM = reputation
kiirtiH = fame

kiirtii = fame
kiitha* = m. (ifc. f. {A} Hcat.) a worm, insect S'Br. xiv s'vS'r. &c.; the scorpion in the
zodiac VarBriS.; (ifc.) an expression of contempt (cf. {zUra-k-}) Mcar.; ({I}) f. a worm,
insect L.; ({am}) n. id. L.; (= {kiTTa}) feces L.
kiidrishii = how
kiila * = m. (ifc. f. {A}), a sharp piece of wood, stake, pin, peg, bolt, wedge, &c. MBh. &c.;
a post, post in a cow-house to which cows are fastened, pillar L.; a gnomon L.; handle,
brace Sus'r.; the elbow VP.; a kind of tumour (having the form of a stake) Sus'r.; a
position of the foetus impeding delivery Sus'r.; N. of the inner syllables of a Mantra
RmatUp.; N. of Vi7ta-rga Mahe7s'a (= {kIle7zvara}); = {bandha} Comm. on VS. ii, 34;
a weapon L.; flame, lambent flame L.; a minute particle L.; a blow with the elbow (=
{kilA}) L.; ({A}) f. a stake, pin L.; the elbow L.; a weapon L.; flame L.; a minute particle
L.; a blow with the elbow (or `" a blow in copulation "') Vtsyy.; ({am}) n. (= {kIna}),
flesh Gal.
kiina* = n. flesh L. (cf. {kIra}.)
kiirt.h = to tell
kiikatha *= m. N. of a son of R2ishabha BhP. v, 4, 10 ; of a son of Sam2kat2a BhP. vi, 6,
6 ; a horse (perhaps originally a horse of the Ki1kat2as) L. ; (%{As}) m. pl.N. of a people
not belonging to the A1ryan race RV. iii, 53, 14 BhP. ; (mfn.), poor L. ; avaricious L.
kila * =1 m. play, trifling L. \\2 ind. (a particle of asseveration or emphasis) indeed,

verily, assuredly RV. AV. &c.; (or of explanation) namely S'Br. &c.; `" so said "' `" so
reported "', pretendedly VarBriS. Kd.; ({kila} is preceded by the word on which it lays
stress, and occurs very rarely at the beginning of a sentence or verse [R. iv, 14, 14 Pacat.
lxxxix, 4]; according to native lexicographers {kila} may be used in communicating
intelligence, and may imply `" probably "', `" possibly "', `" agreement "', `" dislike "', `"
falsehood "', `" inaccuracy "', and `" reason. "')
kila * =3 m. N. of a man Pravar.
kilakila * = m. N. of S'iva MBh. xii, 10365; ({As}) m. pl.N. of a Yavana tribe VP. (cf.
{kilikila}); ({A}) f. (an onomatopoetic word), sounds or cries expressing joy, or the
expression of joy by any sound or cry MBh. R. Mcar. Blar.
kilakilaaya * =Nom. P. . {-yati}, {-yate}, to raise sounds expressing joy Bhathth. vii, 102
Krand.; to cry, give a shriek Krand. [284, 2]
kilaatha * = m. inspissated milk Hariv. (v.l. {kilAda}) Sus'r. Bhpr.; ({I}) f. id. L.
kilbishaM = sinful reactions
kilbisha *= n. (ifc. f. %{A}) fault , offence , sin , guilt RV. v , 34 , 4 AV. VS. &c. (once m.
BhP. iii , 28 , 11) ; injustice , injury MBh. i , 882 ; disease L.
kilbishhaH = all of whose sins
kilbishhaiH = from sins
kim = what* = is much used as a particle of interrogation like the Lat. {num}, {an},

sometimes translatable by `" whether? "' but oftener serving only like a note of
interrogation to mark a question (e.g. {kiM vyAdhA vane 'smin saMcaranti}, `" do
hunters roam about in this wood? "' In an interrogation the verb, if uncompounded with
a preposition, generally retains its accent after {kim} Pn. 8-1, 44). To this sense may be
referred the {kim} expressing inferiority, deficiency, &c. at the beginning of compounds
(e.g. {kiM-rAjan}, what sort of king? i.e. a bad king Pn. 2-1, 64; v, 4, 70); also the {kim}
prefixed to verbs with a similar meaning (e.g. {kim-adhI7te}, he reads badly Pn. 8-1, 44
Ks'.) {kim-uta}, or {kim-uta-vA} or {kim-athavA-uta}, whether-or-or R. S'ak. Bhartri.
&c. (cf. {uta4}.) \\= is very frequently connected with other particles, as follows: {ki4m
aGga4}, wherefore then? RV.; {atha kim} see {a4tha}; {kim api}, somewhat, to a
considerable extent, rather, much more, still further S'ak. Megh. &c.; {kim iti}, why?
S'ak. Kum. Pacat. &c.; {kim-iva}, what for? S'is'. xvi, 31; {ki4m-u} or {ki4m-uta4} how
much more? how much less? RV. S'Br. MBh. &c.; {kiM kila}, what a pity! (expressing
dissatisfaction) Pn. 3-3, 146; {kiM-ca}, moreover, further Pacat. Kaths. &c.; what
more (expressing impatience) S'ak.; {kiM-cana} (originally {-ca na}, negative = `" in no
way "'), to a certain degree, a little Kaths.; (with a negation) in no way, not at all MBh. i,
6132; {kiM-cid}, somewhat, a little MBh. R. &c.; {kiM tarhi}, how then? but, however
Pn. 2-2, 4 Pat.; iv, 1, 163, Kas'.; {kiM-tu}, but, however, nevertheless (bearing the same
relation to {tu} that {kiM-ca} bears to {ca}) MBh. R. &c.; {kiM-nu}, whether indeed? (a
stronger interrogative than {kim} alone) MBh. R. &c.; how much more? how much less?
Bhag. i, 35; {kiM nu khalu}, how possibly? (a still stronger interrogative) S'ak.; {kim
punar}, how much more? how much less? R. Bhag. ix, 33 &c.; however Blar.; but ib.;
{kiM vA}, whether? or whether? S'ak. Pacat. &c.; or (often a mere particle of
interrogation); {ki4M svid}, why? Kaths. xxvi, 75; a stronger interrogative than {kim}
alone RV. MBh. Kaths.
kiM* = 1 (in comp. for {ki4m}).

kim* = (in comp.)

kiim* = ind. see {A4-kIm}, {mA4-kIm}.
kiM tu* = or though - still
kiM tu* = still, nevertheless
kiMkartavyataamuuDhaH = (m) confused, bewildered
kiMnara (kinnara) *= m. `" what sort of man? "' a mythical being with a human figure
and the head of a horse (or with a horse's body and the head of a man S3is3. iv, 38 ;
originally perhaps a kind of monkey cf. %{vA-nara} ; in later times (like the Naras)
reckoned among the Gandharvas or celestial choristers, and celebrated as musicians ;
also attached to the service of Kubera ; (with Jains) one of the eight orders of the
Vyantaras) Mn. MBh. &c. ; N. of a prince VP. ; of Nara (a son of Vibhi1shan2a) Ra1jat. i,
197 ; of the attendant of the fifteenth Arhat of the present Avasarpini1 Jain. ; N. of a
locality g. %{takSazilA7di} ; (%{A}) f. a kind of musical instrument L. (cf. $) ; (%{I}) f. a
female Kim2nara R. Megh. &c. ; a female Kimpurusha R. vii, 89, 3 ; the lute of the
Can2d2a1las L. [283,2] ; %{-kaNTha} mfn. singing like a Kim2nara Viddh. ; %{-nagara}
n. a town of the Kim2naras DivyA7v. ; %{-pati} m. `" the lord of the Kim2naras "'N. of
Kubera Ba1lar. ; %{-varSa} m. a division of the earth (said to be north of the Hima1laya
mountains) ; %{kiMnare7za}, %{-zvara} m. `" the lord of the Kim2naras "'N. of Kubera
L.
kimpurusha *= [S3Br. vii] or m. `" what sort of a man? "' a mongrel being (according to
the Bra1hman2as an evil being similar to man\\2 [S3Br. i] m. `" what sort of a man? "'

a mongrel being (according to the Bra1hman2as an evil being similar to man ; perhaps
originally a kind of monkey [cf. BhP. xi, 16, 29] ; in later times the word is usually
identified with %{kiM-nara}, though sometimes applied to other beings in which the
figure of a man and that of an animal are combined ; these beings are supposed to live on
Hema-ku1t2a and are regarded as the attendants of Kubera ; with Jains the
Kimpurushas, like the Kim2naras, belong to the Vyantaras) ; N. of one of the nine sons of
A1gni1dhra (having the Varsha Kimpurusha as his hereditary portion) VP. ; a division of
the earth (one of the nine Khan2d2as or portions into which the earth is divided, and
described as the country between the Hima7cala and Hema-ku1t2a mountains, also
called %{kimpuruSa-varSa} Ka1d.) VP. BhP. MatsyaP. &c. ; (%{I}) f. a female
Kimpurusha R. vii, 88, 22 ; %{kimpuruSI-} 1. %{kR}, to change into a Kimpurusha ib. ;
%{kimpuruSe7za} m. `" lord of the Kimpurushas "'N. of Druma MBh. ii, 410 Hariv.
5014 = 5495 ; %{-Se7zvara} m. N. of Kubera L.
kimpuurusha m. `" what sort of a man? "' (probably) a low and despicable man VS.
xxx, 16 ; a mongrel being (= %{-puruSa4}) BhP. &c. ; (%{am}) n. N. of the Kimpurushavarsha L.
kiina* = n. flesh L. (cf. {kIra}.)
kiinaara* = m. (perhaps = {kInA4za}) a cultivator of the soil [`" a vile man "' Sy.] RV. x,
106, 10.
kiinaas'a* = m. ({kliz} Un. v, 56) a cultivator of the soil RV. iv, 57, 8 VS. xxx, 11 AV. &c.;
niggard MBh.; Das. BhP. Kaths.; N. of Yama Naish. vi, 75 Blar.; (= {kIza}) a kind of
monkey L.; a kind of Rkshasa L.; (mfn.), killing animals (or `" killing secretly "') L.

kiikatha * = m. N. of a son of Riishabha BhP. v, 4, 10; of a son of Sankatha BhP. vi, 6, 6;

a horse (perhaps originally a horse of the Kkathas) L.; ({As}) m. pl.N. of a people not
belonging to the ryan race RV. iii, 53, 14 BhP.; (mfn.), poor L.; avaricious L.
kiNavat* = mfn. id. MBh. iv, 633 and 639.
kiNa* = m. a corn, callosity MBh. Mriicch. S'ak. &c.; a scar, cicatrix Bhpr.: Hcar.; an
insect found in wood L.
kinaatha* = n. the inner part of a tree S'Br. xiv.kiinaasha* = m. ({kliz} Un. v, 56) a
cultivator of the soil RV. iv, 57, 8 VS. xxx, 11 AV. &c.; niggard MBh.; Das. BhP. Kaths.;
N. of Yama Naish. vi, 75 Blar.; (= {kIza}) a kind of monkey L.; a kind of Rkshasa L.;
(mfn.), killing animals (or `" killing secretly "') L.
kiNakrita* = mfn. (for {kRta-kiNa}) callous MBh. iv, 53
kicha *V moreover, some more, anything, whatever.
kichana = any
kichit.h = a few, very little, something, nothing, whatever, anything, some, at all.
kindhin* = {I} m. a horse L. (v.]. for {kilkin}).
kicit = SB: anything, something, sometimes, somewhat, slightly, very little, some.; (na):nothing
kindhin* = {I} m. a horse L. (v.]. for {kilkin})

kinkiNii = (f) ghungroo

kintu = but
kiNva* = [{as} m. L] n. ferment, drug or seed used to produce fermentation in the
manufacture of spirits from sugar, bassia, &c. p. Mn. viii, 326 Sus'r. (cf. {taNDula-k-});
({am}) n. sin Un. i, 150.r
kimuu = how come ?
kiraNa = ray
kirati = (6 pp) to scatter
kiriitha *= mfn. see %{ati-kir-} ; (%{am}) n. [%{as} m. g. %{ardharcA7di}], a diadem,
crest, any ornament used as a crown, tiara MBh. R. &c. ; N. of a metre of four lines (each
containing twenty-four syllables) ; m. (= %{kirATa}) a merchant BhP. xii, 3, 35 ; (%{I})
f. Andropogon aciculatus L.
kiritham.h = (n) crown
kirithi *= {i} n. the fruit of the marshy date tree (Phoenix paludosa) L.
kiriithin * mfn. decorated with a diadem MBh. &c.; ({I}) m. N. of Indra MBh. i, 1525;
xiii, 765; of Arjuna MBh. Bhag. Pacat.; of Nara [according to the Comm.] MBh. i; of an
attendant of Skanda MBh. ix, 2573; of an attendant of S'iva Comm. on Kum. vii, 95.
kiriithin.h = Arjuna

kiriiTinaM = with helmets

kitava *= m. (g. {zauNDA7di} [also {vyAghrA7di}, but not in Ks'. and Ganar.]) a
gamester, gambler RV. VS. AV. &c.; a cheat, fraudulent man BhP. viii, 20, 3 Megh.
Amar.; (also ifc. e.g. {yAjJika-k-} Pn. 2-1, 53 Ks'.); (= {matta}) a crazy person L.;
thorn-apple (cf. {dhUrta} and {unmatta}) L.; a kind of perfume (commonly Rocana)
Bhpr.; N. of a man g. {tikA7di}, {utkarA7di}, {azvA7di}; ({As}) m. N. of a people MBh. ii,
1832; ({I}) f. a female gambler s'vGri.
kiithaavapanna* = mfn. anything on which an insect has fallen Kapishthh. MnS'r. (cf.
{keza-kITA7vapatita}.)
kishora = son
kishorii = daughter
krti * = f. (Pn. 3-3, 97; fr. 2. {kR}) mention, making mention of, speech, report RV. x,
54, 1 AV. S'Br. &c.; good report, fame, renown, glory AV. S'Br. TUp. Mn. &c. [285, 2];
Fame (personified as daughter of Daksha and wife of Dharma) MBh. Hariv. VP.; (in
music) a particular measure or time; extension, expansion L.; lustre L.; = {prasAda}
(favour) or {prAsAda} (a palace) L.; (fr. 1. {kRR}), dirt L.; N. of one of the Mtriiks (or
personified divine energies of Kriishna) L.; ({is}) m. N. of a son of Dharma-netra VP.
kitha* = m. a kind of ape
kiyat * = mfn. (fr. 1. %{ki} Pa1n2. 5-2, 40; vi, 3, 90), how great? how large? how far? how
much? of what extent? of what qualities? RV. AV. &c. (Ved. loc. %{ki4yAti} with
following %{A4}, how long ago? since what time? RV. i, 113, 10; ii, 30, 1; %

{kiyaty@adhvani}, at what distance? how far off? MBh. xiv, 766; %{kiyad@etad}, of
what importance is this to (gen.) Katha1s. iii, 49; %{tena@kiyAn@arthah}, what profit
arises from that? BhP.; %{kiyac@ciram} ind. how long? Katha1s.; %{kiyac@cireNa}, in
how long a time? how soon? S3ak.; %{kiyad@dUre}, how far? Pan5cat. lii, 4; %
{kiyad@rodimi}, what is the use of my weeping? Ka1d.; %{kiyad@asubhis}, what is the
use of living? BhP. i, 13, 22); little, small, unimportant, of small value (often in comp.,
e.g. %{kiyad-vakra}, a little bent Comm. on Ya1jn5.; %{kiyad@api}, how large or how far
soever Pan5cat.; %{yA4vat@ki4yac@ca}, how large or how much soever, of what
qualities soever AV. viii, 7, 13 S3Br.); (%{ki4yat}) ind. how far? how much? how? RV.
AV. S3Br.; a little Pan5cat. Hit.
klaibyaM = impotence
klama m. fatigue, exhaustion, languor, weariness MBh. S3ak. iii, 18 Sus3r. BhP.; (ifc. Mn. &c.; f.
%{A} MBh. Nal.)
klinna = wet
klaibya* = n. impotence TS. ii Sus3r. Hit.; unmanliness, weakness, timidity, cowardice
MBh. R. BhP. Hit.; weakness (as of a lotus leaf) Ragh. xii, 86; the neuter gender W.
kledayanti = moistens
kles'a = (masc) distress
kles'aH = trouble * = m. pain, affliction, distress, pain from disease, anguish S'vetUp.
Mn. Yj. MBh. &c.; (in Yoga phil. five Kles'as are named, viz. {a-vidyA}, `" ignorance "',
{asmi-tA}, egotism "', {rAga}, `" desire "', {dveSa}, `" aversion "', and {abhiniveza},

tenacity of mundane existence "' Yogas. Prab. Sarvad.; the Buddhists reckon ten, viz.
three of the body [murder, theft, adultery], four of speech [lying, slander, abuse,
unprofitable conversation], three of the mind [covetousness, malice, scepticism] Buddh.
Sarvad.); wrath, anger L.; worldly occupation, care, trouble (= {vyavasAya}) L.
klid *= cl. 4. %{klidyati} (rarely A1. %{-te} Vet.), to be or become wet or damp Sus3r.
Bhat2t2. Hit. ; to rot, putrefy Car. vi, 30: Caus. P. %{kledayati}, to bedew, wet, moisten
Bhag. ii, 23 Sus3r. i, 6, 3 ; iii, 5, 1 ; (aor. %{aciklidat}) Bhat2t2. xv, 48 ; `" to soil "' see %
{kledita}.
ko.api = whosoever
ko.ahaM = who am I
koustubha = gem named Kostubha
kokila = the cuckoo
koshthha * = m. (%{kuS}?; probably related to %{kukSi4} and %{ko4za}), any one of
the viscera of the body (particularly the stomach, abdomen) MBh. Sus3r. &c. [314,3]; (%
{as} L.; %{am}) m. n. a granary, store-room MBh. BhP. (ifc. f. %{A}); a treasury W.; m.
an inner apartment L.; the shell of anything W.; a kind of pan, pot Kaus3. Pat. Car.
Bhpr.; property (or mfn. `" own "') L.; night L.; (%{am}) n. a surrounding wall BhP. iv,
28, 57; any enclosed space or area, chess square VarBr2S. liii, 42 Hcat. Tithya1d.
Ka1tyS3r. Sch.
koTi = (fem) extreme corner/edge

koTibhaaga = (masc) edge portion

koTii = 1 crore, 10 million see also arbuda
koTi * = f. the curved end of a bow or of claws, &c., end or top of anything, edge or point
(of a sword), horns or cusps (of the moon) MBh. &c.; the highest point, eminence,
excellence Pacat. Ratna7v. Sarvad.; `" a point or side in an argument or disputation "',
(if there are two) `" alternative "' see {-dvaya} below; the highest number in the older
system of numbers (viz. a Krore or ten millions) Mn. Yj. MBh. &c.; the complement of
an arc to 90 degrees; the perpendicular side of a right-angled triangle Sryas.; Medicago
esculenta L.
koNaH = (m) angle, corner of a room
koNe = (adv) in the corner
kona = an angle
kopa = anger
kopavatii = when angry
kopaaya 8 = Nom. . {-yate}, to rage (as a passion)
kopita = angered
kolaahala = (masc) uproar

kosha = body or sheath

kos'a * = m. (n. L.; in class. literature {koza}, or {koSa}; fr. {kuz} or {kuS}?, related to
{kukSi4} and {koSTha}?), a cask, vessel for holding liquids, (metaphorically) cloud RV.
AV. Sus'r.; a pail, bucket RV.; a drinking-vessel, cup L.; a box, cupboard, drawer, trunk
RV. vi, 47, 23 AV. xix, 72, 1 S'Br.; the interior or inner part of a carriage RV.; (ifc.) MBh.
viii, 1733; a sheath, scabbard, &c. MBh. R. VarBriS.; a case, covering, cover AV. ChUp.
MundUp. TUp. PrGri. BhP.; store-room, store, provisions Mn. MBh. &c.; a treasury,
apartment where money or plate is kept, treasure, accumulated wealth (gold or silver,
wrought or unwrought, as plate, jewellery, &c.) ib.; (in surg.) a kind of bandage Sus'r.; a
dictionary, lexicon or vocabulary; a poetical collection, collection of sentences &c.
Kvya7d. i, 13 Sh.; a bud, flower-cup, seed-vessel (cf. {bIja-}) R. Ragh. BhP. Dhrtas.;
the sheath or integument of a plant, pod, nut-shell MrkP.; a nutmeg L.; the inner part of
the fruit of Artocarpus integrifolia and of similar fruits L.; the cocoon of a silk-worm
Yj. iii, 147 Veda7ntas.; the membrane covering an egg (in the womb) Sus'r. VarBri.
MrkP.; the vulva L.; a testicle or the scrotum Sus'r. VarBriS.; the penis W.; an egg L.;
(in Veda7nta phil.) a term for the three sheaths or succession of cases which make up the
various frames of the body enveloping the soul (these are, 1. the {Ananda-maya k-} or `"
sheath of pleasure "', forming the {kAraNa-zarIra} or `" causal frame "'; 2. the {vijJAnamaya} or {buddhi-m-} or {mano-m-} or {prA7Na-m- k-}, `" the sheath of intellect or will
or life "', forming the {sUkSma-zarIra} or `" subtile frame "'; 3. the {anna-m- k-}, `" the
sheath of nourishment "', forming the {sthUla-zarIra} or `" gross frame "') Veda7ntas.;
(ifc.) a ball or globe (e.g. {sUtra-}, a ball of thread L.; {netra-}, the eye-ball R. iii, 79,
28); the water used at an ordeal or judicial trial (the defendant drinks thrice of it after
some idol has been washed in it) Yj. ii, 95; an oath Rjat. v, 325; a cup used in the
ratification of a treaty of peace ({-zaM-pA}, to drink from that cup) Rjat. vii, 8; 75; 460
and 493; viii, 283; N. of a conjunction of planets VarBriS.; of the 2nd astrological

mansion, Var Yogay.; (with Buddh.) of a collection of Gth verses Krand. Hcar.; ({A})
f. N. of a river MBh. vi, 9, 34; of a courtesan HParis'. viii, 8; ({I}) f. `" a bud "' see {arka}; a seedvessel L.; the beard of corn L.; a shoe, sandal L.; a kind of perfume Gal.; an iron
ploughshare ib.; [cf. {ko4kkos}.]
koshhaH = (m) pocket
koshthha *V =, warehouse, place where foodgrains are stocked, {-gatam} situated in the
whomb *= m. (%{kuS}? ; probably related to %{kukSi4} and %{ko4za}), any one of the
viscera of the body (particularly the stomach, abdomen) MBh. Sus3r. &c. [314,3] ; (%
{as} L. ; %{am}) m. n. a granary, store-room MBh. BhP. (ifc. f. %{A}) ; a treasury W. ;
m. an inner apartment L. ; the shell of anything W. ; a kind of pan, pot Kaus3. Pat. Car.
Bhpr. ; property (or mfn. `" own "') L. ; night L. ; (%{am}) n. a surrounding wall BhP. iv,
28, 57 ; any enclosed space or area, chess square VarBr2S. liii, 42 Hcat. Tithya1d.
Ka1tyS3r. Sch.
kovida *= mf(%{A})n. (%{vid}) experienced , skilled , learned in (loc. gen. , or ifc. e.g. %
{azveSu} , or %{azvAnAm} or %{azva-kovida} , `" skilled in horses "') Mn. vii , 26 MBh.
R. &c. ; (%{As}) m. pl.N. of the Kshatriyas in Kus3a-dvi1pa BhP. v , 20 , 16.
kraanta *= mfn. gone , gone over or across ; spread , extended ; attacking , invading ,
gone to or against ; overcome (as by astonishment) Ragh. xiv , 17 ; surpassed ; m. a horse
L. ; (in astron.) declination W. ; (%{A}) f. N. of a plant (a kind of Solanum) L. ; a species
of the Atyasht2i metre ; (%{am}) n. a step (%{viSNoH@krAnta} , `" the step of Vishn2u
"' , N. of a ceremony S3Br. xiii ; cf. %{viSNu-krama}) S3Br. Mn. xii , 121 ; (in astron.) a
certain aspect when the moon is in conjunction with a planet.

kraamat * = mfn. (pr. p. P.) walking, going, &c.

krakachaH = (m) a saw
krama * =m. a step AV. x, 5, 25 ff. TS. iii MBh. &c.; going, proceeding, course (cf. {kAlak-}) Mriicch. Pacat. Mlatm. Hit.; the way R. ii, 25, 2; a position taken (by an animal
&c.) before making a spring or attacking Pacat. Bhathth. ii, 9; the foot MBh. iii, 14316;
uninterrupted or regular progress, order, series, regular arrangement, succession (e.g.
{varNa-krameNa}, `" in the order of the castes "' Mn. viii, 24 and ix, 85) AV. viii, 9, 10
RPrt. xv, 5 KtyS'r. R. &c.; hereditary descent Yj. ii, 119; method, manner (e.g. {yena
krameNa}, in which manner R. ii, 26, 20; {tad-anusaraNa-krameNa}, so as to go on
following him Hit.); diet Car. vi, 13; custom, rule sanctioned by tradition MrkP. xxiii,
112; ({kramaM} 1. {kR}, `" to follow that rule "') Nyyam.; occasion, cause (with gen. or
ifc.) Kaths. xviii, 380 Hit.; `" progressing step by step "', a peculiar manner or method
of reading and writing Vedic texts (so called because the reading proceeds from the 1st
member, either word or letter, to the 2nd, then the 2nd is repeated and connected with
the 3rd, the 3rd repeated and connected with the 4 h, and so on; this manner of reading
in relation to words is called {pada-} [TPrt. ii, 12], in relation to conjunct consonants
{varNa-} [ib.]) Prt.; the words or letters themselves when combined or arranged in the
said manner ib.; (in dram.) attainment of the object desired (or accord. to others `"
noticing of any one's affection "') Das'ar. i, 36 f. Sh. Pratpar.; (in rhet.) a kind of simile
(in which the comparisons exhibited correspond to each other in regular succession)
Vm. iv, 3, 17; power, strength L.; ({eNa}, {At}) instr. abl. ind. in regular course,
gradually, by degrees R. Pacat. Ragh. &c.; according to order or rank or series Mn.
Ragh. &c.
kramatas * = ind. gradually, successively ; in order.

kratavaH = good deeds; sacrifices

kratuH = Vedic ritual
kraamati = to cross
krandas * = {as} n. battle-cry RV. viii, 38, 1; ({asI}) du. two contending armies shouting
defiance [`" heaven and earth "' Sy.] RV. ii, 12, 8; vi, 25, 4; x, 121, 6.
krandana * = m. `" crier "', a cat L.; ({am}) n. crying out, calling; mutual daring or
defiance, challenging L.; lamenting, weeping Pacat. Hit.
krau.ncha = a mountain said to be pierced by Kartikeya
krau.nchapati = kArtikeya
krauJNcha = a heron
krauJNchaasana = the heron posture
kri = to do
krichchhara = difficult
kRcchrataa * = f. painful or dangerous state (especially in disease) Sus'r.
kricchra*= diffculty, hardship causing trouble or pain, painful, attended with pain or
labour; being in a difficult or painful situation; bad, evil, wicked, miserably, painfully,

with difficulty, trouble, labour, hardship, calamity, pain, danger, the difficulties of living
in a forest;, in difficulties, in a miserable situation, danger of life; bodily mortification,
austerity, penance; a particular kind of religious penance; with difficulty, with great
exertion, painfully, hardly, scarcely
kRD * =v.l. for 1. {kUD} q.v.
kri4dara * =n. a store-room VS. xxix, 1 (Nir. iii, 20); m. id. Un. v, 41.
kridhu4 * =mfn. shortened, mutilated, small, deficient RV. iv, 5, 14 VS. xxiii, 28; (superl.
{kradhiSTha} and compar. {kradhIyas}) Kthh.
kridhu4-ka4rNa * =mfn. having short ears (as a sort of imp) AV. xi, 9, 7 and 10, 7;
hearing badly RV. x, 27, 5.
kridhuka * =mfn. = {kRdhu4} Naigh. iii, 2 (v.l.)
krid-anta * =m. a word ending with a Kriit affix (such a word would be called by Pn.
simply {kRt}).
kriiDana *= m. `" playing "'N. of the wind Gal. ; (%{am}.) n. playing, play, sporting, &c.
R. BhP. Hit.
kriiDa(ti) = (1 pp) to play. to sport, anusement, amourous play
kriiDat mfn. playing , sportive RV. AV. &c.
kriiDati = plays

kriiDaa = play
kriiDaanaka = (n) a toy
kriiDaaluH = (m) sportsman
kriita* = mfn. bought, purchased S'Br. Mn. &c.; purchased from his natural parents (as
a son; one of the twelve kinds of sons acknowledged by the ancient Hind law) Mn. ix,
160; won by (instr.) S'ak. iii (v.l.); ifc. (with the purchase-price; f. {I}) Pn. 4-1, 50; vi, 2,
151; (f. also {A}) Siddh.; ({a4s}) m. N. of a man MaitrS. iv, 2, 6; ({As}) m. pl. a sort of
despised caste W.; ({am}) n. a bargain Comm. on Yj. ii, 6.
krikalaasa * m. a lizard, chameleon MaitrS. VS. S'Br. &c.
krikara = one of the vital airs, causes coughing and sneezing
krimi * = or {kri4mi} m. (fr. {kram} Un.), a worm, insect VS. TS. AV. S'Br. Mn. &c.; `" a
spider "' (see {-tantu-jAla}); a silk-worm L.; a shieldlouse L.; an ant L.; lac (red dye
caused by insects) L.; N. of a son (of Us'nara Hariv. 1676 ff.; of Bhajamna Hariv.
2002); of an Asura (brother of Rvana) L.; of a Nga-rja Buddh. L.; ({is}) f. N. of the
wife of Us'nara and mother of Kriimi Hariv. 1675 and VP. (v.l. {kRmI}); N. of a river
MBh. vi, 9, 17; [cf. Lith. {kirminis}, {kirmele}; Russ. {c8ervj}; Hib. {cruimh}; CambroBrit. {pryv}; Goth. {vaurms}; Lat. {vermi-s} for {quermi-s}.]
krimii * = f. N. of the wife of Us'nara = {kRmi} q.v.
krintati = (6 pp) to cut

krintana * = n. cutting, cutting off, dividing BhP. iii, 30, 28 and vi, 2, 46 (cf. %{tantu-},
%{ziraH-}.)
kriNva.ntaH = that person who is doing
kripaa = compassion
kripaachhaayaa = care, protection
kripaalu* = mfn. pitiful, compassionate (with gen.) MBh. BhP. Das'.
kripaaya *= Nom. A1. %{-yate} (Pot. %{-yIta}), to mourn, grieve, lament Nir. ii, 12 ; to
have pity MBh.: P. %{-ya4ti}, to praise (cf. %{kRpaNyu4}) Naigh. iii, 14.
kripaayita *= n. lamenting MBh. iii, 337.
kripaayitavat *= mfn. lamenting, mourning ib. (ed. Bomb.)
kripayaa.apaare = out of boundless compassion
kripaNa * = 1 mf({A4}; {I} g. {bahv-Adi})n. (ganas {zreNyAdi} and {sukhA7di} Pn. 8-2,
18 Pat.) inclined to grieve, pitiable, miserable, poor, wretched, feeble S'Br. xi, xiv MBh.
&c.; resulting from tears AV. xi, 8, 28; low, vile W.; miserly, stingy Pacat. Hit.; m. a
poor man VarBriS.; a scraper, niggard Pacat. S'rngP.; a worm L.; N. of a man VP.;
({am}) ind. miserably, pitiably MBh. Pacat. Das'.; ({kRpa4Nam}) n. wretchedness,
misery RV. x, 99, 9 AitBr. vii, 13 S'nkhS'r. Mn. iv, 185 &c.; ({sa-kRpaNam}, `"
miserably, pitiably "'), S'ntis'. (cf. {kArpaNya}.)

kripaNa * = 12 Nom. . (3. pl. {kRpa4Nanta}) to long for, desire RV. x, 74, 3.
kripaaNa * = 1m. (Pn. 7-2, 18 Pat.) a sword Das'. Prab.; a sacrificial knife W.; ({I}) f. a
pair of scissors, dagger, knife Kd. (cf. {ajAkRpANIya}.)
kripaH = Krpa
kripa* = m. N. of a man (described as a friend of Indra) RV. viii, 3, 12 and 4, 2; m. and
({I}) f. N. of the son and daughter of the sage S'aradvat (who performed severe penance;
the jealous Indra therefore sent a nymph to tempt him, but without success; however,
twin sons were born to the sage in a clump of grass [{zara-stambe}], who were found by
king S'ntanu and out of pity [{kRpA}] taken home and reared; the daughter, Kriip,
married Drona, and had by him a son called As'vatthman; the son, Kriipa, became one
of the council at Hastinpura, and is sometimes called Gautama, sometimes S'radvata;
according to Hariv. and VP., Kriipa and Kriip were only distant descendants of
S'aradvat; according to others, Kriipa = Vysa or = a son of Kriishna) MBh. &c.; ({A}) f.
see s.v. below.
kripaa* = f. (g. {bhidA7di}) pity, tenderness, compassion (with gen. or loc.; {kRpAMkR}, to pity [with loc.] Nal. xvii R.) MBh. &c.; N. of a river (v.l. {rUpA}) VP.
kripaNa = adj. niggardly
kRpaNa * = 1 mf({A4}; {I} g. {bahv-Adi})n. (ganas {zreNyAdi} and {sukhA7di} Pn. 8-2,
18 Pat.) inclined to grieve, pitiable, miserable, poor, wretched, feeble S'Br. xi, xiv MBh.
&c.; resulting from tears AV. xi, 8, 28; low, vile W.; miserly, stingy Pacat. Hit.; m. a
poor man VarBriS.; a scraper, niggard Pacat. S'rngP.; a worm L.; N. of a man VP.;

({am}) ind. miserably, pitiably MBh. Pacat. Das'.; ({kRpa4Nam}) n. wretchedness,

misery RV. x, 99, 9 AitBr. vii, 13 S'nkhS'r. Mn. iv, 185 &c.; ({sa-kRpaNam}, `"
miserably, pitiably "'), S'ntis'. (cf. {kArpaNya}.) \\ kRpaNa Nom. . (3. pl.
{kRpa4Nanta}) to long for, desire
kRpaaNa *= m. (Pn. 7-2, 18 Pat.) a sword Das'. Prab.; a sacrificial knife W.; ({I}) f. a
pair of scissors, dagger, knife Kd. (cf. {ajAkRpANIya}.)
kripaNaaH = misers
kripayaa = please
krish * = 1 cl. 1. P. {ka4rSati}, rarely . {-te} (perf. {cakarSa}, 2. sg. {-Sitha} Pn. 7-2, 62
Ks'.; fut. {karkSyati} or {krakSy-}; {kRSiSy-} DivyA7v. xvii; {karSTA} or {kraSTA} Pn.
7-2, 10 Ks'.; aor. {akRkSat} [or {akArkSIt}] or {akrAkSIt}, iii, 1, 44 Vrtt. 7; inf.
{kraSTum}), to draw, draw to one's self, drag, pull, drag away, tear RV. AV. S'Br. &c.; to
lead or conduct (as an army) MBh.; to bend (a bow) Ragh. v, 50; to draw into one's
power, become master of, overpower Mn. ii, 215 MBh. iv, 20 R. Pacat.; to obtain Mn. iii,
66; to take away anything (acc.) from any one (acc.) Vop. v, 8; to draw or make furrows,
plough RV. viii, 22, 6 Lthy. v, 1, 4 Vait. (.) R. iii, 4, 12 BhP. (ind. p. {kRSTvA}): cl. 6. P.
. {kRSa4ti}, {-te} (p. {kRSa4t}), to draw or make furrows, plough RV. AV. TS. S'Br.
&c.; . to obtain by ploughing AV. xii, 2, 16; to travel over MBh. iii, 16021: Caus.
{karSayati}, to draw, drag RV. x, 119, 11 (aor. 1. sg. {acikRSam}) R. Mriicch.; to draw or
tear out MBh. iii, 2307; to pull to and fro, cause pain, torture, torment Mn. MBh. &c.; `"
to plough "' see {karSita}: Intens. (pr. p. and Subj. 3. sg. {ca4rkRSat}; impf. 3. pl.
{acarkRSur}) to plough RV. AV.; {carIkRSyate} or Ved. {karIk-}, to plough repeatedly
Pn. 7-4, 64; [cf. Lith. {karszu}, {pleszau}; Russ. {c8eshu}; Lat. {verro}, {vello}; Goth.

{falh}.]
krisha = weak
krishaH = (adj) thin
krishati = (6 pp) to plough
krishhakaH = (m) farmer
krishhi = plowing
krishhiivalaH = (m) farmer
Krishna = 1. (n) the Supreme Personality of Godhead
Krishna = 2. (n) the Cause of All Causes
krishhNa = the eighth incarnation of Vishnu i.e. Krishna
krishhNa-paksha = Dark half of lunar month, also known as vadyapaksha
krishhNaM = unto KRishhNa
krishhNaH = the fortnight of the dark moon
krishNa-saara* = mf({I})n. chiefly black, black and white (as the eye), spotted black Nal.
R. Vikr. Hcat. &c.; m. (with or without {mRga}) the spotted antelope Mn. ii, 23 S'ak.

Megh. &c.; Dalbergia Sissoo L.; Euphorbia antiquorum L.; Acacia Catechu L.; ({A}) f.
Dalbergia Sissoo L.; Euphorbia antiquorum L.; the eyeball Nyyad.; {-mukha} n. N. of a
particular position of the hand PSarv.
krishhNaajinaambarau = )two) persons wearing the deer-skin as clothes
krishhNaat.h = from KRishhNa
krishhNaasana = the Krishna posture
krishhNe = and darkness
krit.h = the man who did (the destruction of raakshasa kula)
krita = Done*=1 mfn. done, made, accomplished, performed RV. AV. &c.; prepared,
made ready ib.; obtained, gained, acquired, placed at hand AV. iii, 24, 5; well done,
proper, good S'Br. iv; cultivated Mn. x, 114; appointed (as a duty) Yj. ii, 186; relating
or referring to Yj. ii, 210; m. N. of one of the Vis've Devs MBh. xiii, 4356; of a son of
Vasu-deva BhP. ix, 24, 45; of a son of Sannati and pupil of Hiranya-nbha Hariv. 1080
BhP. xii, 6, 80; of a son of Kriita-ratha and father of Vibudha VP.; of a son of Jaya and
father of Haryavana BhP. ix, 17, 17; of a son of Cyavana and father of Upari-cara VyuP.;
({am}) n. (with {saha} or with instr.) `" done with "', away with, enough of, no need of,
&c. (e.g. {kRtaM saMdehena}, away with doubt S'ak.; {k- parihAsena}, enough of joking
ib.); the past tense AitBr. v, 1; ({a4m}) n. deed, work, action RV. AV. S'vetUp. Mn. &c.;
service done, kind action, benefit (cf. {kRta-jJa} and {-ghna}) MBh. v, 1692 Pacat.;
magic, sorcery SmavBr.; consequence, result L.; aim Vop. i, 2; stake at a game RV. AV.;
prize or booty gained in battle ib.; N. of the die or of the side of a die marked with four

points or dots (this is the lucky or winning die) VS. xxx, 18 TS. S'Br. &c.; (also the
collective N. of the four dice in opposition to the fifth die called {kali} Comm. on VS. x,
28); (hence) the number `" four "' VarBriS. Sryas.; N. of the first of the four ages of the
world (also called {satya} or `" the golden age "', comprehending together with the
morning and evening dawn 4800 years of men [Mn. MBh. Hariv.] or according to the
later conception [BhP. &c. Comm. on Mn. i, 69] 4800 years of the gods or 1, 728, 000
years of men); ({e}) loc. ind. on account of, for the sake of, for (with gen. or ifc. e.g.
{mama kRte} or {mat-kRte}, on my account, for me) Yj. i, 216 MBh. R. &c.; ({ena})
instr. ind. id. MBh. R. i, 76, 6 and vi, 85, 10.\\*=2 mfn. injured, killed L. (cf. 2. {kIrNa}.)
f. an abyss RV. ii, 35, 5.\\mfn. brought down, humiliated, offended, injured, tricked,
deceived MBh. R. &c.; low, base, wicked ib.; removed, set aside, dismissed W.; n.
lowering, humbling, humiliation Bhartr2. ii, 30 (v.l. %{-ti}); %{-prajJa} (MBh.), %{mati} (BhP.) mfn. depraved in mind.
kritaM = done
kritaa*= f. an abyss RV. ii, 35, 5. \\ see 2. {kRt}.
krita*= mfn. brought down, humiliated, offended, injured, tricked, deceived MBh. R.
&c.; low, base, wicked ib.; removed, set aside, dismissed W.; n. lowering, humbling,
humiliation Bhartri. ii, 30 (v.l. {-ti}); {-prajJa} (MBh.), {-mati} (BhP.) mfn. depraved in
mind.
kritakrityaH = the most perfect in his endeavors
kritadhiyaaM = of sanes (stable-minded)

kritaGYa = Grateful
kritaGYataa = gratitude
kritaaJNjaliH = with folded hands
kritaante = in the conclusion
kriti = Direction
kritena = by discharge of duty
krittikaa = Third nakshatra
kritvaa* = ind. p. having done see s.v. 1. %{kR}
kritya = Deed
krityaiH = that which was done
kritvaa = after doing
kritsnaM = whole
kritsnakarmakrit.h = although engaged in all activities
kritsnavat.h = as all in all

kritsnavit.h = one who is in factual knowledge

kritsnasya = all-inclusive
kriya = action
kriya* = m. (borrowed fr. Gk.$.) the sign &99331[320,3] Aries VarBri. i, iii, x, xvii;
Ganit. Hors'.
kriyaa* = f. (Pn. 3-3, 100), doing, performing, performance, occupation with (in
comp.), business, act, action, undertaking, activity, work, labour. KtyS'r. Mn. Yj. &c.;
bodily action, exercise of the limbs L.; (in Gr.) action (as the general idea expressed by
any verb), verb Ks'. on Pn. 1-3, 1 &c. (according to later grammarians a verb is of two
kinds, {sakarma-kriyA}, `" active "', and {akarma-k-}, `" intransitive "'); a noun of
action W.; a literary work Vikr.; medical treatment or practice, applying a remedy, cure
(see {sama-kriya-tva} and {viSama-k-}) Sus'r.; a religious rite or ceremony, sacrificial
act, sacrifice Mn. Yj. MBh. &c.; with {caramA}, `" the last ceremony "', rites
performed immediately after death, obsequies, purificatory rites (as ablution &c.) MBh.
iv, 834 R. vi, 96, 10; religious action, worship BhP. vii, 14, 39 RmatUp.; Religious
Action (personified as a daughter of Daksha and wife of Dharma MBh. i, 2578 Hariv.
12452 BhP.; or as a daughter of Kardama and wife of Kratu BhP.); judicial investigation
(by human means, as by witnesses, documents, &c., or by superhuman means, as by
various ordeals) Comm. on Yj.; atonement L.; disquisition L.; study L.; means,
expedient L.
kriyaH = and activities

kriyate = is done
kriyante = are done
kriyamaaNa = someone in the process of doing
kriyamaaNaani = being done
kriyaa = Purificationary rite, religious ceremony
kriyaaH = performances
kriyaabhiH = by pious activities
kriyaavisheshha = pompous ceremonies
kriyaayoga* = m. the connection with an action or verb APrt. Pn. 1-1, 14 Kr.; the
employment of expedients or instruments MBh. iii, 69 Sus'r.; the practical form of the
Yoga philosophy (union with the deity by due performance of the duties of every day life,
active devotion) Yogas. ii, 1 BhP. iv, 13, 3; N. of wk.; {-sAra} m. a section of the PadmaP.
kriiNaati = to buy
kruura = cruel
kruura-graha = Malefic planet
kruuraan.h = mischievous

krodha = anger
krodhaM = anger
krodhaH = and anger
krodhaat.h = from anger
kroshati = (1 pp) to cry
kshaatra* = mf({I})n. (fr. {kSatra4}), belonging or relating or peculiar to the second
caste Mn. vii, 87 Yj. MBh. &c.; ({am}) n. the dignity of a ruler or governor MBh. iii,
5097 and xiii, 3026 R. ii f. v.
ksha* = 1 (fr. 1. or 2. {kSi}) see {dyukSa4}; m. a field L.; the protector or cultivator of a
field, peasant L. \\2 mfn. (fr. 4. {kSi}) see {tuvikSa4}; m. destruction, loss L.;
destruction of the world L.; lightning L.; a demon or Rakshas L.; the fourth incarnation
of Vishnu (as the manlion or nara-sinha) L.
kshaa* = f. (derived fr. some forms of 2. {kSa4m}) the earth, ground Naigh. i, 1 Nir. ii, 2
Sy. \\ = see 1. {kSam}
kshaa= the earth, the ground
kshaalayati = (10 pp) to wash
kshaama *= mf(%{A})n. burning to ashes , charring MaitrS. i , 8 , 9 ; (Pa1n2. 8-2 , 53)
scorched , singed Ka1tyS3r. Jaim. ; dried up , emaciated , wasted , thin , slim , slender

Ya1jn5. i , 80 MBh. R. Megh. &c. ; weak , debilitated , infirm , slight (especially applied
to the voice) R. iii , 58 , 14 Sus3r. Amar. Ra1jat. v , 219.
kshaanti * =f. patient waiting for anything Vop. xxiii, 3; patience, forbearance,
endurance, indulgence Mn. v, 107 MBh. R. &c.; the state of saintly abstraction DivyA7v.
vi, xii, xviii; (in music) N. of a S'ruti; N. of a river VP.
kshaantIya * =mfn. fr. {-ta} g. {utkarA7di}.
kshaantu * =mfn. patient, enduring Un.; ({us}) m. a father. L.
kshaanta * =1 mfn. (g. {priyA7di}) borne, endured ({soDha}) L.; pardoned MBh.
Pacat.; (Pn. 3-2, 188 Kr.) enduring, patient Mn. v, 158 Yj. R. Ragh. (compar. {tara}); m. (g. {utkarA7di}) N. of a man g. {azvA7di}; of a hunter Hariv. 1206; of S'iva (cf.
{kSama}); ({A}) f. `" the patient one "', the earth L.; ({am}) n. patience, indulgence R. i,
34, 32 and 33.
kshaa4nta * =1 mfn. ending with the letter {kSa} RmatUp.
kshaanta * = 2 see 1. {kSam}.
kshaantiH = tolerance
kshaamaye = ask forgiveness
kshaara = salty
kshaatraM = of a ksatriya

kshamaa = forgivance
ksham *= 1 cl. 1. A1. %{kSa4mate} (ep. also P. %{-ti} ; Ved. cl. 2. P. %{kSamiti} Pa1n2.
7-2 , 34 ; cl. 4. P. %{kSAmyati} [cf. Impv. A1. 3. sg. %{kSamyatAm} BhP. vi , 3 , 30]
Pa1n2. 7-3 , 74 ; perf. %{cakSame} MBh. &c. , 3. pl. %{-mire} S3Br. ; 1. du. %
{cakSaNvahe} & 1. pl. %{-Nmahe} Pa1n2. 8-2 , 65 Sch. ; fut. 2nd %{kSaMsyate} , %{-ti} ,
%{kSamiSyati} ; aor. 2. sg. %{akSaMsthAs} Bhat2t2. ; inf. %{kSantum} MBh. &c.) , to be
patient or composed , suppress anger , keep quiet RV. x , 104 , 6 MBh. R. &c. ; to submit
to (dat.) S3Br. iii ; iv ; to bear patiently , endure , put up with (acc.) , suffer MBh. R.
Ragh. ; to pardon , forgive anything (acc.) to (gen. or dat.) MBh. R. &c. (e.g. %
{kSamasva@me@tad} , forgive me that Ragh. xiv , 58) ; to allow , permit , suffer Sa1h.
(Kuval.) ; (with Pot.) Das3. ; to bear any one , be indulgent to MBh. iii , 13051 R. iv , 27 ,
22 VarBr2S. Pan5cat. (Pass.) Hit. ; to resist Pa1n2. 1-3 , 33 Sch. ; to be able to do
anything (inf.) S3is3. i , 38 and ix , 65 ; to seem good DivyA7v. iv: Caus. P. A1. %
{kSamayati} , %{kSAmayate} , to ask any one (acc.) pardon for anything (acc.) MBh.
Bhag. Pan5cat. ; (perf. %{kSamayAm@Asa}) to suffer or bear patiently R. v , 49 , 11 (cf.
%{kSamApaya}) ; [cf. Goth. {hramja} (?) Angl. Sax. {hremman} , `" to hinder , disquiet.
"']
2 kSam 2 f. (nom. %{kSA4s} acc. %{kSA4m} instr. %{kSamA4} once %{jmA4} [RV.
vi , 52 , 15] dat. %{kSe} [? RV. iv , 3 , 6] , gen. abl. %{gma4s} , %{jma4s} , once %
{kSma4s} [RV. i , 100 , 15] , loc. %{kSa4mi} ; du. nom. %{kSA4mA} [RV. ii , 39 , 7 ; x ,
12 , 1 ; cf. %{dyA4va-kSA4mA}] ; pl. nom. %{kSAmas} [RV. viii , 70 , 4 ; %{kSA4mIs} fr.
%{-mi} SV.] , %{kSA4s} RV. iv , 28 , 5] acc. %{kSA4s} [RV. x , 2 , 6] loc. %{kSA4su} RV.
i , 127 , 10 and v , 64 , 2) the ground , earth , $ RV. AV. VS. S3Br. vi ; [cf. %{kSmA} ; cf.
also Gk. $ , $ ; &101095[326 ,2] Lat. {humus} , {homo}.]
kshama *= mf(%{A})n. (g. %{pacA7di}) patient (said of the earth , perhaps with

reference to 2. %{kSa4m}) AV. xii , 1 , 29 ; ifc. (Pa1n2. 3-2 , 1 Va1rtt. 8) enduring ,

suffering , bearing , submissive , resisting MBh. S3ak. Kum. v , 40 ; adequate ,
competent , able , fit for (loc. or inf. or in comp. , e.g. %{vayaM@tyaktuM@kSamAH} ,
`" we are able to quit "' , S3a1ntis3.) Nal. R. Ragh. &c. ; favourable to (gen.) R. ii , 35 , 31
; bearable , tolerable S3ak. Pan5cat. (= Subh.) ; fit , appropriate , becoming.) , suitable
proper for (gen. dat. , loc. inf. or in comp.) MBh. (e.g. %{kSamaM@kauravANAm} ,
proper for the Kauravas , iii , 252) R. (e.g. %{na@sa@kSamaH@kopayitum} , `" he is
not a fit object "' , for anger "' , iv , 32 , 20) &c. ; m. `" the patient "'N. of S3iva ; a kind of
sparrow L. ; (%{A}) f. patience , forbearance , indulgence (one of the %{sAmAnyadharmAs} i.e. an obligation to all castes Vishn2.) Mn. MBh. &c. ; %{kSamAM} %{kR} , to
be indulgent to , have patience or bear with (%{prati} MBh. iii , 1027 ; or gen. ,
S3a1ntis3.) ; `" Patience "' (personified as a daughter of Daksha and wife of Pulaha VP.)
Hariv. 14035 Prab. [326,3] ; tameness (as of an antelope) R. iii , 49 , 25 ; resistance
Pa1n2. 1-3 , 33 Sch. ; (= 2. %{kSa4m}) the earth VarBr2S. Pan5cat. &c. ; (hence) the
number `" one "' ; N. of Durga1 Devi1P. ; the Khadira tree (Acacia Catechu) L. ; N. of a
species of the Atijagati metre ; N. of a female shepherd BrahmaP. ; of a S3a1kta
authoress of Mantras ; of a river (= %{vetravatI}) Gal. ; for %{kSapA4} (night) L. ; (%
{am}) n. propriety fitness W. [cf. Hib. {cam} , `" strong , mighty ; power "' ; {cama} , `"
brave. "']
kshamii = forgiving
kshana = to invite
kshana = quick, a quick measure of time =* kshaNa = 1 m. any instantaneous point of
time, instant, twinkling of an eye, moment Nal. S3ak. Ragh. &c.; a moment regarded as a
measure of time (equal to thirty Kala1s or four minutes L.; or (in astron.) to 48 minutes

VarBr2S. &c.; or 4/5 or 24/35 seconds BhP. iii, 11, 7 and 8); a leisure moment, vacant
time, leisure (e.g. %{kSaNaM-kR}, to have leisure for, wait patiently for MBh.; cf. %
{kRta-kSaNa}); a fit or suitable moment, opportunity (%{kSaNaM-kR}, to give an
opportunity. MBh. iv, 666; cf. %{datta-kSaNa} and %{labdha-kS-}); a festival Megh.
Das3. BhP. iii, 3, 21; a certain day of the fortnight (as the full moon, change of the moon,
&c.) Sarvad.; dependence L.; the centre, middle L.; (%{am}) n. an instant, moment
Bhartr2. (= Subh.); (%{am}.) acc. ind. for an instant R. vi, 92, 35 BrahmaP. Vet. &c.
[325,1]; in a moment Ragh. xii, 36 S3a1ntis3. (cf. %{tat-kSaNam}); (%{eNa}) instr. ind.
in a moment Nal. R. &c.; (%{At}) abl. ind. after an instant, immediately, at once Mn. R.
S3ak. &c.; %{tataH@kSaNAt} (= %{tat-kSaNAt} q.v.), immediately upon that Katha1s.;
%{kSaNAt-kSaNAt}, in this moment - in that moment Ra1jat. viii, 898; (%{eSu}) loc.
ind. immediately, at once R. vi, 55, 19; %{kSaNe@kSaNe}, every instant, every moment
Ra1jat. v, 165 and 337.\\2 %{-Natu}, %{-Nana}, &c. see %{kSan}.\\2 m. killing (=
ma1ran2a) Gal.
kshaanti * = f. patient waiting for anything Vop. xxiii, 3; patience, forbearance,
endurance, indulgence Mn. v, 107 MBh. R. &c.; the state of saintly abstraction DivyA7v.
vi, xii, xviii; (in music) N. of a S'ruti; N. of a river VP.
kshantiH = tolerance
kshantR * = mfn. one who pardons or bears patiently MBh. xiii, 4873.
kshaNaM = one second
kshaNaprabhaa = (f) lightning

kshaNaviyoga = momentary separation

kshaNaviikshita = glance
kshapayishNu * = 1 mfn. one who intends to efface or do penance for 2: destroying
kshara = prone to end, destructible
ksharaM = to the fallible
ksharaH = constantly changing
kshatra * = n. (1. {kSi}?; g. {ardharcA7di}) sg. and pl. dominion, supremacy, power,
might (whether human or supernatural, especially applied to the power of Varuna-Mitra
and Indra) RV. AV. VS. S'Br. ii; xi; sg. and pl. government, governing body RV. AV. VS.
x, 17 TBr. ii; the military or reigning order (the members of which in the earliest times,
as represented by the Vedic hymns, were generally called Rjanya, not Kshatriya;
afterwards, when the difference between Brahman and Kshatra or the priestly and civil
authorities became more distinct, applied to the second or reigning or military caste) VS.
AV. TS. &c. [325, 2]; a member of the military or second order or caste, warrior Mn.
MBh. &c. (fancifully derived fr. {kSatAt tra} fr. {trai} i.e. `" a preserver from injury "'
Ragh. ii, 53); the rank of a member of the reigning or military order, authority of the
second caste AitBr. viii, 5 S'Br. xiii, 1, 5, 2 BhP. iii, ix; wealth Naigh. ii, 10; water, i, 12;
the body L.; Tabernaemontana coronaria (v.l. {chattra}) L.; ({I}) f. a woman of the
second caste L.
kshatriya = the caste of princes and warriors

kshatriyabalaM = the power or might of the kshatriyas or kings

kshatriyasya = of the ksatriya
kshatriyaaH = the members of the royal order
kshatta: person born from a male sudra with a ksatriya female: For instance, a
brhmana begets an ambastha of a vaisya woman, a parasava or a nisada of a sudra
woman. A kshatriya begets an ugra of a sudra woman, a suta of a brhmana woman. A
vaisya begets a magadha of a kshatriya woman, a vaidehaka of a brhmana woman. A
sudra begets an ayogava of a vaisya woman, a ksatta of a kshatriya woman and a
chandala of a brhmana woman.
kshauma * mf({I})n. (fr. {kSumA}; = {kSoma} Un. i, 138), made of linen, linen Lthy.
Gobh. PrGri. &c.; covered with linen W.; prepared from linseed (as oil) Sus'r.; ({as},
{am}) m. n. = {aTTa} (an airy room on the top of a house, apartment on the roof, back of
an edifice, fortified place in front of a building, building of a particular form W.; cf.
{kSoma}) L.; ({I}) f. flax (Linum usitatissimum) L.; ({am}) n. linen cloth or garment
KtyS'r. Gaut. Mn. &c. (also = {dukUla} L.); linseed Sus'r.; the flower of flax L.
kshaura* = mfn. (fr. {kSura4}), performed with a razor (with {karman}, `" shaving "')
VarBriS. iic, 12; ({as}), m.= {-mantra} Sy. on TS. i; ({I}) f. a razor W.; ({am}) n.
shaving the head, shaving in general ({-raM} 1. {kR}, to shave Hit.; {-raM}, Caus. 1. {kR},
to have one's self shaved Hit.) Cn.
kshaudra * m. (fr. {kSudra} and {-drA}), Michelia Campaka MBh. iii, 11569; N. of a
mixed caste (son of a Vaideha and a Mgadh) MBh. xiii, 2584; ({am}) n. smallness,

minuteness g. {pRthvAdi}; honey, species of honey L.; water L.; N. of a Stra of the SV.
kshaya = loss, weakening, scaricity
kshayaM = destruction
kshayas* = see {aurukSayasa}.
kshayaja* = mfn. produced by consumption (as cough) Sus'r.
kshayaNa* = 1 mfn. habitable [? m. `" a place with tranquil water "' Comm.] VS. xvi, 43;
({kSa4yaNa}) TS. iv; ({kSeNa4}) MaitrS.; m. a bay, harbour Comm. on RPrt.; ({am}) n.
a dwelling place Nir. vi, 6.
kshayaNa* = 2 mfn. ifc. `" destroying, annihilating, driving away, dispersing "' see
{arAya-}, {asura-}, {pizAca-}, {bhrAtRvya-}, {yAtudhAna-}, {sadAnvA-} and {sapatnakSa4yaNa}.
kshaya* = see 1. 2. and 4. {kSi}.
kshaya* = 1 m. `" dominion "' Sy. (on RV. vii, 46, 2).
kshaya* = 2 mfn. dwelling, residing RV. iii, 2, 13; viii, 64, 4; m. an abode, dwelling-place,
seat, house (cf. {uru-} and {su-kSa4ya}, {rAtha-}, {divikSaya4}) RV. VS. v, 38 TS. Pn.
MBh. R. BhP.; the house of Yama (cf. {yama-kS-}, {vaivasvata-kS-}); abode in Yama's
dominion Comm. on R. (ed. Bomb.) ii, 109, 11; (= {kSiti4}) family, race RV. i, 123, 1.
kshaya* = 3 m. (Pn. 6-1, 201) loss, waste, wane, diminution, destruction, decay, wasting

or wearing away (often ifc.) Mn. MBh. &c.; fall (as of prices, opposed to {vRddhi} e.g.
{kSayo vRddhiz ca paNyAnAm}, `" the fall and rise in the price of commodities "') Yj.
ii, 258; removal W.; end, termination (e.g. {nidrA-kS-}, the end of sleep R. vi, 105, 14;
{dina-kSaye}, at the end of day MBh. i, 699 R. iv, 3, 10; {jIvita-kSaye}, at the end of life
Das'.; {AyuSaH kS-} id. Ragh.; {kSayaM} {gam}, {yA}, {i}, or {upai}, to become less, be
diminished, go to destruction, come to an end, perish Nal. R. Sus'r. VarBriS. Das'. Amar.
Hit.; {kSayaMnI}, to destroy R. v, 36, 51); consumption, phthisis pulmonalis Sus'r.
Hcat.; sickness in general L.; the destruction of the universe Pacat.; (in alg.) a negative
quantity, minus ryabh.; = {-mAsa} Jyot.; = {kSayA7ha} Ganit.; N. of a prince VP.;
({A}) f. N. of a Yogini Hcat.; ({am}) n. N. of the last year in the sixty years "' Briihaspati
cycle VarBriS. [328,2]
kshayakrit.h = the destroyer
kshayati = (1 pp) to decay
kshayaat.h = (from) consunption/destruction
kshayaaya = for destruction
kshemaM = protection
kshema * mf({A})n. (2. {kSi}) habitable; giving rest or ease or security MBh. R.; at ease,
prosperous, safe W.; m. basis, foundation VS. xviii, 7 AV. iii, 12, 1 and iv, 1, 4 S'Br. xiii
KapS. i, 46; residing, resting, abiding at ease RV. x AV. xiii, 1, 27; iii; viii; ({as}, {am}) m.
n. (Ved. only m.; g. {ardharcA7di}), safety, tranquillity, peace, rest, security, any secure
or easy or comfortable state, weal, happiness RV. AV. VS. Mn. MBh. &c. ({kSe4ma} &

{yo4ga} [or {pra-yu4j}], rest and exertion, enjoying and acquiring RV. VS. xxx, 14
PrGri. MBh. xiii, 3081; cf. {kSema-yoga} and {yoga-kS-}; {kSemaM te}, `" peace or
security may be to thee "' [this is also the polite address to a Vais'ya, asking him whether
his property is secure Mn. ii, 127], S'ntis'. ii, 18); final emancipation L.; m. a kind of
perfume (= {caNDA}) L.; Ease or Prosperity (personified as a son of Dharma and S'nti
VP.; as a son of Titiksh BhP. iv, 1, 51); N. of a prince MBh. i, 2701 DivyA7v. xviii; of a
son of S'uci and father of Su-vrata BhP. ix, 22, 46; N. of a kind of college ({maTha})
Rjat. vi, 186; ({eNa}) instr. ind. at ease; in security, safely R. Mriicch. Pacat. BhP.;
(ifc. with {yathA} R. ii, 54, 4); ({ais}) instr. pl. ind. id. MBh. xiii, 1519; ({A}) f. a kind of
perfume (= {kASTha-guggula}, or {coraka} Comm.) VarBriS. iii; N. of Durg L.; of
another deity (= {kSemaM-karI}) DevP.; of an Apsaras MBh. i, 4818; ({am}) n. N. of
one of the seven Varshas in Jamb-dvpa BhP. v, 20, 3.
kshemakAma * = ({kSe4ma-}) mfn. longing for rest RV. x, 94, 12.
kshemajit * = m. N. of a prince MatsyaP. (vv.ll. {kSatrau9jas}, {kSemA7rcis}).
kshe4ma-yoga * = {au} m. du. rest and exertion AitBr.
kshe4ma-vat * = mfn. attended with tranquillity and security, prosperous Pn. Siddh.;
({An}) m. N. of a prince VP.; ({atI}) f. N. of a woman Buddh.; of a locality.
kshemataraM = better
kSepaNa * = n. the act of throwing, casting, letting fly or go (a bow-string) Nir. ii, 28
MBh. iv, 352 and 1400; throwing away (in boxing) VP. v, 20, 54; sending, directing W.;
sending away MBh. iii, 13272; passing away or spending time (v.l. %{kSapaNa}); `"

omitting "', for 1. %{kSapaNa} Mn. iv, 119; sling BhP. iii, 19, 18; x, 11, 38; (%{I}) f. id. R.
vi, 7, 24; an oar L.; a kind of net L.
kshepaNaastraH = (m) missile
kshepaNii = (f) rocket
kshetra = fieldk* = n. (2. {kSi}) landed property, land, soil ({kSe4trasya pa4ti}, `" lord of
the soil "'N. of a kind of tutelary deity RV. AV. ii, 8, 5; also {kSe4trasya pa4tnI}, `"
mistress of the soil "', and {kSe4trANAm pa4ti}, `" the lord of the soil "'N. of tutelary
deities AV. ii, 12, 1 VS. xvi, 18); `" soil of merit "', a Buddha or any holy person DivyA7v.;
a field (e.g. {-traM-kR}, `" to cultivate a field "' Mn. Yj. ii, 158; cf. {sasya-kS-}) RV.
&c.; place, region, country RV. AV. iii, 28, 3 TS. vii Sus'r. Megh. Vet.; a house L.; a town
L.; department, sphere of action MBh. xiv, 126 R. &c.; place of origin, place where
anything is found Yogas. ii, 4 Sus'r. BhP. viii, 12, 33; a sacred spot or district, place of
pilgrimage (as Benares &c.; often ifc.) BrahmaP.; an enclosed plot of ground, portion of
space, superficies (e.g. {sv-alpa-kS-}, of a small circuit Yj. ii, 156); (in geom.) a plane
figure (as a triangle, circle, &c.) enclosed by lines, any figure considered as having
geometrical dimensions Gol.; a diagram W.; a planetary orbit Ganit.; a zodiacal sign
Sryas.; an astrological mansion VarBriS. VarBri. i, xi; (in chiromancy) certain portions
marked out on the palm VarBriS. lxviii, 1; `" fertile soil "', the fertile womb, wife Mn.
Yj. ii, 127 MBh. R. S'ak. BhP.; the body (considered as the field of the indwelling soul)
Yj. iii, 178 Bhag. xiii, 1 and 2 Kum. vi, 77; (in Snkhya phil.) = {a-vyakta} (q.v.)
Tattvas.; ({I4}) f. only dat. {-triyai4} for {-triyA4t} (AV. ii, 10, 1) TBr. ii, 5, 6, 1; [cf. {a4kS-}, {anya-} and {kuru-kSetra4}, {karma-kS-}, {deva-kS-}, {dharma-kS-}, {raNa-kS-},
{siddha-kS-}, {su-kS-}, {sure7zvarI-kS-}; cf. also Goth. {haithi}, Them. {haithjo}; Germ.
{Heide}.]

kshetraM = the field

kshetraGYa = and the knower of the body
kshetraGYaM = the knower of the field
kshetraGYaH = the knower of the field
kshetraGYayoH = and the knower of the field
kshetrii = the soul
kshetreshhu = in bodily fields
kSi *= 1 cl. 1. P. %{kSa4yati} (2. du. %{kSa4-yathas} or %{kSay-}, 2. pl. %{kSa4yathA};
Subj. 1. %{kSa4yat} or %{kSayat} RV. vi, 23, 10 and vii, 20, 6; x, 106, 7; pr. p. %
{kSa4yat}), to possess, have power over, rule, govern, be master of (gen.) RV.; [cf. Gk.
&101454[327,3] \\ cl. 2. 6. P. %{kSe4ti}, %{kSiya4ti}; (3. du. %{kSita4s}, 3. pl. %
{kSiyanti}; Subj. 2. sg. %{kSayat}, 2. sg. %{kSa4yas}, 3. du. %{kSayatas}, 1. pl. %
{kSa4yAma}; pr. p. %{kSiya4t}; aor. Subj. %{kSeSat}; fut. p. %{kSeSya4t}), to abide,
stay, dwell, reside (used especially of an undisturbed or secret residence) RV.; to remain,
be quiet AV. S3Br.; to inhabit TBr. iii; to go, move (%{kSi4yati}) Naigh. ii, 14 Dha1tup.:
Caus. (Impv. 2. sg. %{kSaya4yA}; Subj. %{kSepayat}) to make a person live quietly RV.
iii, 46, 2 and v, 9, 7; [cf. Gk. $.] \\3 f. abode L.; going, moving L. \\4 cl. 1. P. %{kSayati}
(only once R. iv, 6, 14) cl. 5. P. %{kSiNoti} (S3Br. Mn. MBh. &c.; 1. sg. %{kSiNo4mi} VS.
for %{-NA4mi} of AV.) cl. 9. P. %{kSiNA4ti} (3. pl. %{kSiNa4nti}; perf. 3. du. %
{cikSiyatur} Ka1s3. on Pa1n2. 6-4, 77 and vii, 4, 10), to destroy, corrupt, ruin, make an
end of (acc.), kill, injure RV. AV. &c.: Pass. %{kSIya4te} (AV. xii, 5, 45; 3. pl. %

{kSI4yante} RV. i, 62, 12; aor. Subj. %{kSeSTa} [AV. iv, 34, 8] or %{kSAyi} TBr. i; Cond.
%{akSeSyata} S3Br. viii), to be diminished, decrease, wane (as the moon), waste away,
perish RV. AV. S3Br. &c.; to pass (said of the night) Katha1s.: Caus. P. %{kSapayati}
(fut. %{-yiSyati}), rarely A1. %{-te} (MBh. i, 1838 Das3.), very rarely %{kSayayati}
(MBh. v, 2134 ed. Calc.), to destroy, ruin, make an end of (acc.), finish MBh. R. &c.; to
weaken Mn. v, 157 MBh. i, 1658 Kum. v, 29; to pass (as the night or time, %{kSapAm}, %
{-pAs}, %{kAlam}) Pan5cat. Ka1d. S3a1rn3gP.; [cf. $ $, &c.] \\ 5 f. destruction, waste,
loss L.\\ = 4. %{kSi} (derived fr. %{kSINa4}, %{-kSI4ya}) Dha1tup. xxxi, 35 (v.l.)
kshiiba (or %{kSIva}) mf(%{A})n. (pf. p. Pass. %{kSIb} Pa1n2. 8-2, 55) excited, drunk,
intoxicated MBh. R. Bhartr2. BhP. &c.
kshiti = earth
kshitipaala = (m) protector of the earth, king
kship = (root) to throw * = 1 cl. 6. P. %{kSipa4ti} A1. %{kSipate} (MBh. &c.; cl. 4. P. %
{kSipyati}, only Bhat2t2.; Subj. %{kSipa4t}; perf. %{cikSepa} MBh. &c.; ep. also %
{cikSipe}; fut. 2nd %{kSepsyati} MBh. &c.; ep. also %{-te}; inf. %{kSeptum}; cf. Pa1n2.
7-2, 10 Siddh.), to throw, cast, send, despatch AV. ix, 1, 10 and 20 Mn. MBh. (Pass. pr. p.
%{kSipyat}, i, 1126) &c.; to move hastily (the arms or legs) Mr2icch. BhP. x, 36, 14; to
throw a glance (as the eye) Bhartr2. i, 94; to strike or hit (with a weapon) RV. i, 182, 1-3;
to put or place anything on or in (loc.), pour on, scatter, fix or attach to (loc.) Ya1jn5. i,
230 Bhag. Mr2icch. &c.; to direct (the thoughts) upon (loc.) Sarvad.; to throw away, cast
away, get rid of Bhartr2. ii, 69 Katha1s.; to lay (the blame) on (loc.) Hit.; to utter abusive
words, insult, revile, abuse Mn. MBh. &c.; `" to disdain "' i.e. to excel, beat, outvie BhP.
iv, 8, 24 and 15, 17; to strike down, ruin, destroy BhP. vi, 1, 14 BrahmaP.; (A1. `" to

destroy one another, go to ruin "' Pot. 3. pl. %{kSiperan} MBh. iii, 1094); to pass or while
away (the time or night, %{kAlam}, %{kSapAm}) Katha1s. lv, 154; xcii, 84; to lose (time,
%{kAlam}; cf. %{kAlakSepa}) R. vii, 80, 14; to skip or pass over (a day, %{dinam}.) Car.
vi, 3; (in math.) to add Gol.: Caus. P. %{kSepayati}, to cause to cast or throw into (%
{antar}) Katha1s. xiii, 160; to throw into R. ii, 76, 16; to cause to descend into (loc.)
Katha1s. lxxv, 121; to pass or while away (the night, %{kSapAm}) ib. lvi, 75; (aor. Subj. 2.
sg. %{cikSipas}) to hurt, injure RV. x, 16, 1 (cf. Subj. %{kSepayat} s.v. 2. %{kSi}); [cf.
Lat. {sipo}, {dissipo}, for {xipo}.]\\2 %{pas} f. pl. (only used in nom.; the instr. is formed
fr. %{kSi4pA} RV. ix, 59, 57) `" the movable ones "', the fingers RV. iii, v, ix (Naigh. ii,
5). [329,1]
kshipaami = I put
kshipati = (6 pp) to throw
kshipa* = mfn. `" throwing, casting "' see %{giri-kS-}; m. a thrower W.; (%{A}) f.
throwing, sending, casting g. %{-bhidA7di}; (for %{kSapA4}) night Comm. on L.; (%
{kSi4pA}) f. only instr. pl. %{-pAbhis} see 2. %{kSi4p}.
kshipaka* = m. an archer L.; (%{A}) f. ? Pa1n2. 7-3, 45 Va1rtt. 5; g. %{pre7kSA7di}.
kshipakin* = mfn. fr. %{-kA} g. %{pre7kSA7di}.
kshipaNi* = f. `" moving speedily "', gallop [NBD.] RV. iv, 40, 4; a missile weapon Un2.;
a kind of net L.; = %{mantra} L.; = %{adhvaryu} L.; an oar Comm. on L. (also %{-NI} f.
ib.)
kshipaNu* = m. `" an archer "', or (%{u4}) n. `" a missile weapon "' RV. iv, 58, 6; (%

{us}) m. air, wind Un2. iii,

kSipaNyu* = mfn. diffusive, what may be sent or scattered, fragrant L.; (%{us}) m. the
body L.; spring Un2. iii, 51 Sch.
kshipta = neglected or distracted
kshipra = sudden, quick
kshipraM = soon
kshii = to dimnish
kshiiNakalmashhaaH = who are devoid of all sins
kshiiNe = spent-up/weakened state of
kshiina* =mfn. diminished, wasted, expended, lost, destroyed, worn away, waning (as
the moon) S'Br. MundUp. S'vetUp. Mn. &c.; weakened, injured, broken, torn, emaciated,
feeble Mn. vii, 166 Sus'r. Ks'. on Pn. 6-4, 61 & viii, 2, 46 &c.; delicate, slender S'ak. Gt.
iv, 21 Naish. vii, 81; poor, miserable Pacat. iv, 16 and 32; ({am}) n. N. of a disease of the
pudenda muliebria Gal.
kshiira = milk
kshiirodaka* = m. N. of a tree Hcar. Sch.
ksiirodIya* = Nom. P. to behave like the ocean of milk Sh.

kshiti * = 1 is f. dominion (Comm.) MBh. xiii, 76, 10.

kshiti4 * = 2 f. an abode, dwelling, habitation, house (cf. also {uru-} and {su-kSiti4},
{dhruva4}.) RV.; (Naigh. i, 1) the earth, soil of the earth Mn. MBh. R. &c.; the number `"
one "' Bijag.; ({a4yas}) f. settlements, colonies, races of men, nations (of which five are
named; cf. {kRSTi4}) RV.; (said of the families of the gods) iii, 20, 4; estates Rjat. v,
109 (cf. {uru-} and {su-kSiti4}, {dhAraya4t-}, {dhruva4-}, {bhava-}, {raNa-}, {samara}.)
kshi4ti * = 3 f. wane, perishing, ruin, destruction AV.; the period of the destruction of the
universe, end of the world L. (cf. {a4-}, {a4sura-}.)
kshIyamaaNa* = mfn. (Pass. p.) perishing, wasting away, decaying BhP. v, 22, 9 Hit. (cf.
{a4}.)
kshiyaa* = f.. (g. {bhidA7di}) loss, waste, destruction L.; offence against the customs
Pn. 8-1, 60 and ii, 104.
kshnana = to annihilate
kshobha *= m. shaking, agitation, disturbance, tossing, trembling, emotion MBh. R.
Ragh. Vikr. Megh. &c. ; (in dram.) an emotion that is the cause of any harsh speeches or
reproaches Sa1h. 471 and 480 (cf. %{bala-kS-}.)
kshouti = to sneeze
kshobhaM = disturbance

kshobha* = m. shaking, agitation, disturbance, tossing, trembling, emotion MBh. R.

Ragh. Vikr. Megh. &c.; (in dram.) an emotion that is the cause of any harsh speeches or
reproaches Sa1h. 471 and 480 (cf. %{bala-kS-}.)
kshudra = insignificant, small
kshudraM = petty
kshudh = hunger
kshudhaa = hunger
kshudhaarta = hungry
kshudhyati = (4 pp) to be hungry
kshubhyati = (4 pp) to tremble
kshud* = 1 cl. 1. P. {kSo4dati}, to strike against, shake RV. vii, 85, 1 (Naigh. ii, 14); . to
move, be agitated or shaken RV. v, 58, 6: cl. 7. P. . {kSuNatti}, {kSuntte} (impf.
{akSuNat}; aor. 3. pl. {akSautsur}; fut. {kSotsyati} Pn. 7-2, 10 Siddh.), to stamp or
trample upon Bhathth.: Caus. {kSodayati} (impf. {a4kSodayat}), to shake or agitate by
stamping RV. iv, 19, 4; to crush, pound, pulverise Sus'r.; (Nom. P. fr. {kSudra4}) to
reduce, diminish Bhathth. xviii, 26; [cf. Gk. $, $ for $, $, $ &102340[330, 2] $ Lith.
{skausti}?]
kshudhita 8 = mfn. hungered Pa1n2. 7-2, 52; (g. %{tArakA7di}) hungry ChUp. MBh. R.
Sus3r. Ragh.

kshudra V*= petty, * = mf({A})n. (compar. {kSodIyas}, superl. {-diSTha}, qq.vv.)

minute, diminutive, tiny, very small, little, trifling AV. VS. xiv, 30 TBr. iii S'Br. ChUp.
AitUp. Yj. &c.; mean, low, vile Mn. vii, 27 Yj. i, 309 MBh. &c.; wicked (said in joke)
Mlav.; niggardly, avaricious L.; cruel L.; poor, indigent L.; m. a small particle of rice L.
[330, 3]; = {-roga} (q.v.) Sus'r.; = {-panasa} (q.v.) L.; ({A}) f. (Pn. 4-3, 119) a kind of
bee Bhpr.; a fly, gnat L.; a base or despicable woman Pn. 4-1, 131; a maimed or crippled
woman ib. Pat.; a whore, harlot L.; a dancing girl L.; a quarrelsome woman L.; N. of
several plants (Solanum Jacquini, also another variety of Solanum, Oxalis pusilla, Coix
barbata, Nardostachys Jath-mns) L.; ({a4m}) n. a particle of dust, flour, meal RV. i,
129, 6 and viii, 49, 4; [cf. Lith. {kUdikis}, `" an infant "'; Pers. $ {kUdak}, `" small a boy.
"']
kshulla * = mfn. (originally a Pra1kr2it form of %{kSudra4} ; derived fr. 2. %{kSu4dh}
and %{lA} Pa1n2. 6-2, 39 Ka1s3.) small, little, minute, inferior BhP.
kshullaka * = mf({A})n. (Naigh. iii, 2) little, small AV. ii, 32, 5 TS. S'Br. i BhP.; low, vile
L.; poor, indigent L.; wicked, malicious, abandoned L.; hard L.; youngest L.; pained,
distressed L.; m. a small shell L.; N. of a prince VP. (v.l. {kSulika}); ({am}) n. a sort of
play or game (= {muSTi-dyUta}) L.
kshura = (masc) knife
kshurakriyaa = (fem) shaving, cutting with a knife
kshurapatram.h = (n) blade
kshut* = 1 {t} f. a sneeze, sneezing MrkP. xxxv, 24.

kshuudra = weak (here)

kshveli*= see keli
kuumanas* = mfn. (1. {ku}) Ved. wicked-minded Pn. 6-3, 133 Ks'.
ku * =1 a pronom. base appearing in {ku4tas}, {ku4tra}, {kuvi4d}, {ku4ha}, {kva4}, and
as a prefix implying deterioration, depreciation, deficiency, want, littleness, hindrance,
reproach, contempt, guilt; originally perhaps {ku} signified `" how (strange!) "'; as a
separate word {ku} occurs only in the lengthened form 3. {kU4} q.v. \\ =2 f. the earth
ryabh. VarBriS. VarBri. BhP. vi, 1, 42; the ground or base of a triangle or other plane
figure, Comm on ryabh.; the number `" one. "'
kU * = 1 or {ku} cl. 2. P. {kauti} (Ved. {kavIti} Pn. 7-3, 95), or cl. 1. . {kavate} (Dhtup.
xxii, 54), or cl. 6. {kuvate} (ib. xxviii, 108), or cl. 9. P. . {kU8nAti}, {kU8nAte} (perf. 3.
pl. {cukuvur} Bhathth.), to sound, make any noise, cry out, moan, cry (as a bird), coo,
hum (as a bee) &c. Bhathth.: cl. 1. {ka4vate}, to move Naigh. ii, 14: Intens. . {kokUyate}
(Nir. Pn.) P. . {kokavIti} and {cokUyate} (Pn. 7-4, 63 Ks'.), to cry aloud Bhathth.;
[cf. Gk. $.] &92760[299, 1] \\2 ind. (= {kva4}) where? RV. v, 74, 1. \\3 {Us} f. a female
Pis'ca or goblin L.
kuhaka * = 1 m. (Un2. ii, 38) a cheat, rogue, juggler MBh. BhP. Ka1m.; an impostor
A1p.; a kind of frog Sus3r.; N. of a Na1ga prince BhP.; (%{am}) n. juggling, deception,
trickery Hit. BhP. &c.; (%{A}) f. id. MBh. v, 5461.//2 ind. onomat. from the cry of a cock,
&c., only in comp.
kuja = Mars

kujadoshha = Affliction caused by Mars occupying the 2nd, 4th, 7th, 8th or 12th houses.
There are some more details and it is best to learn more about this before delineating
marital relationships
kukshi *= m. [f. L.] the belly , cavity of the abdomen (in the earlier language generally
used in du. RV. VS. AV.) ; the interior of anything W. ; the womb R. Ragh. x , 60 &c. ; a
cavity in general (e.g. %{adri-kukSi} , cavity of a mountain Ragh. ii , 38) MBh. iii , 10694
&c. ; a valley Katha1s. lxv , 214 ; (with %{sAgara} or %{samudra}) an ocean-cavity i.e. a
bay , gulf MBh. Pan5cat. ; the sheath of a sword L. ; steel L. ; N. of a son of Priya-vrata
and Ka1mya1 Hariv. 59 ; of Bali Hariv. 191 ; of a king MBh. i , 2692 ; of a son of
Ikshva1ku and father of Vikukshi R. ; of a teacher BhP. ; of a region g. %{dhUmA7di} ,
(%{is}) f. N. of a daughter of Priyavrata and Ka1mya1 VP. ; [cf. Lat. {coxa} , {coxendix} ;
Gk. $? Old Germ. {bu7h} ; Mod. Germ. &89223[287 ,2] {Bauch}.]
kula * = n. (ifc. f. {A}) a herd, troop, flock, assemblage, multitude, number, &c. (of
quadrupeds, birds, insects, &c., or of inanimate objects e.g. {go-kula}, a herd of cows R.
&c.; {mahiSIk-}, a herd of female buffaloes Riitus.; {ali-k-}, a swarm of bees S'is'. Gt.
&c.; {alaka-k-}, a multitude of curls BhP.); a race, family, community, tribe, caste, set,
company (e.g. {brAhmaNa-k-}, the caste of the Brhmans BhP.; {padAtInAM kula},
infantry Rjat. v, 247); (ifc. with a gen. sg.) a lot, gang (e.g. {caurasya-k-}, a gang of
thieves) Pn. 6-3, 21 Ks'.; the residence of a family, seat of a community, inhabited
country (as much ground as can be ploughed by two ploughs each drawn by six bulls
Comm. on Mn. vii, 119) [294, 3]; a house, abode MBh.; a noble or eminent family or race
Mn. MBh. &c.; high station (in comp. `" chief, principal "' cf. {kula-giri}, &c.); the body
L.; the front, forepart W.; a blue stone L.; (with S'ktas) N. of S'akti and of the rites
observed in her worship (cf. {kaula}); = {kula-nakSatra} q.v. Tantras.; m. the chief of a
corporation or guild L.; = {kula-vAra} q.v. Tantras.; N. of a man R. vii, 43, 2; ({A}) f. `"

a principal day "'N. of the 4th and 8th and 12th and 14th day in a {pakSa}, or half-month
Tantras.; ({I}) f. a wife's elder sister L.; the plant Solanum Jacquini or Solanum longum
L.
kU4la * = n. a declivity, slope RV. viii, 47, 11; a shore, bank S'Br. xiv Nir. Mn. &c. (ifc.
Pn. 6-2, 121; 129 & 135; f. {A} MBh. xiv, 1163); a heap, mound, tope Car.; a pond or
pool L.; the rear of an army L.; N. of a locality g. {dhUmA7di}; [cf. {aja-kUlA}, {anukUla}, {ut-k-} &c.; cf. also Hib. {cul}, `" custody, guard, defence, back part of anything
"'; {col}, `" an impediment "'; Lat. {collis}?]
kulaM = family
kulaghnaanaaM = for those who are killers of the family
kulajanaa = of noble people
kuladharmaaH = the family traditions
kuladharmaaNaaM = of those who have the family traditions
kulaniha.ntaarau = family+destroyers (2 persons)
kulavinaasha = the destroyer of the kula(dynasty, lineage) of (Rkshasaas)
kulastriyaH = family ladies
kulasya = for the family

kulakshaya = in the destruction of a dynasty

kulakshaye = in destroying the family
kulaani = lineages
kulaalaH = (m) potter
kuliina = from a good family
kuliiraH = (m) a crab
kule = in the family
kulyaa = (f) canal (carrying water for irrigation)
kuNDa = starting place of kundalini* n. [{as} m. L.], a bowlshaped vessel, basin, bowl,
pitcher, pot, water-pot KtyS'r. MBh. &c.; a vessel for coals R. v, 10, 16 &c.; a round hole
in the ground (for receiving and preserving water or fire cf. {agni-kuNDa}), pit, well,
spring or basin of water (especially consecrated to some holy purpose or person) MBh. R.
&c.; m. an adulterine, son of a woman by another man than her husband while the
husband is alive Mn. iii, 174; (see. {gola} and {-golaka} below); N. of S'iva MBh. xii,
10358; of a Nga MBh. i, 4828; of a son of Dhriita-rshthra MBh. i, 4550; ({A}) f. (
{kuND}) mutilation Pn. 3-3, 103 Ks'.; N. of Durg L.; ({I}) f. (Pn. 4-1, 42) a bowl,
pitcher, pot Hcat. Prasannar.; ({ami}) n. ifc. a clump (e.g. {darbha-k-}, a clump of
Darbha grass) Pn. 6-2, 136; a particular measure L.; N. of certain mystical figures; a
particular appearance of the moon (surrounded by a circle) VarBriS. iv, 15.

kunda *m. (Un. iv, 101) a kind of jasmine (Jasminum multiflorum or pubescens) MBh.
&c.; fragrant oleander (Nerium odorum, {karavIra}) L.; Olibanum (the resin of the plant
Boswellia thurifera) L.; a turner's lathe L.; one of Kubera's nine treasures (N. of a
{guhyaka} Gal.) L.; the number `" nine "' W.; N. of Vishnu MBh. xiii. 7036; of a
mountain BhP. v, 20, 10; ({am}) n. the jasmine flower.
kuNDala = coil of rope, ring
kuNDali = The Wheel or Horoscope Chart
kuNDalinii = a coiled female snake, the latent energy at the base of the spine
ku.njaraH = (Masc.nom.S)elephant
ku-pariikshaka = one who cannot judge value correctly
kukuTaasana = the cockerel (rooster) posture
kukkuTa = rooster
kukkuTaH = (m) cock
kukkuTii = (f) hen
kukkuraH = (m) dog
kunmalaH = (m) button

kula = family, dynasty

kulaaya * = n. (in later language also {as} m. Pacat. &c.) a woven texture, web, nest (of
a bird), case or investing integument, receptacle, home AV. TS. S'Br. &c.; the body as the
dwellingplace of the soul AV. S'Br. xiv BhP.; the kennel or resting-place of a dog Pn. 1-3,
21 Vrtt. 4; a place, spot in general L.; (with {agneH} Vait.; or with {indrA7gnyoH}
TndyaBr. s'vS'r. &c.) N. of a particular Eka7ha (cf. {aindrA7gna-k-}.)
kumaara = (m) boy, young
kumaaraH = boy
kumaarikaa = (f) girl
kumaari * = (shortened for {-rI} q.v.; cf. Pn. 6-3, 63).
kumaarii = (f) girl, young* = f. of {-ra4} q.v.; (mfn.) desirous of a daughter Pn. 1-4, 3
Pat
kumaniishin * = mfn. of slow intellect
kumantra * = m. a bad advice BhP.; a bad charm Kaths.
kumantrin * = m. a bad counsellor BhP.
kumanas * = ({ku4-}) mfn. displeased, angry MaitrS. iv, 2, 13
kumati *= f. vile sentiment ; weak intellect , folly Das3. BhP. ; (mfn.) , of slow intellect ,

foolish BhP.
kumbha = The Zodiacal sign of Aquarius
kumbhaka = holding the breath:* = m. ifc. a pot Kaths.; a measure (of grain, &c.) Jyot.;
the prominence on the upper part of an elephant's forehead MBh. xii, 4280; ({as}, {am})
m. n. stopping the breath by shutting the mouth and closing the nostrils with the fingers
of the right hand (a religious exercise) BhP. Veda7ntas. Sarvad. &c.; m. the base of a
column Buddh.; N. of an attendant of Skanda MBh. ix, 2577; ({ikA}) f. a small pot or
pitcher Kaths. vi, 41; the plant Myrica sapida Bhpr.; the plant Pistia Stratiotes L.;
Bignonia suaveolens L.; a small shrub (= {droNapuSpI}) L.; a disease of the eyes (=
{kumbhIkA}); N. of one of the mothers in Skanda's retinue MBh. ix, 2633.
kumuda * = n. [{as} m. L.], `" exciting what joy "', the esculent white water-lily
(Nymphaea esculenta) AV. iv, 34, 5 Sus'r. S'ak. &c.; the red lotus (Nymphaea rubra) L.;
m. camphor Bhpr.; (in music) N. of a Dhruvaka; N. of a particular comet VarBriS.; of a
Nga MBh. Ragh.; of an attendant of Skanda [MBh. ix, 2558] or of Vishnu [BhP.]; of the
elephant of the south-west or southern quarter L.; of a Daitya L.; of a son of Gada by
Briihat Hariv. 9193; of a confidant of king Unmatta7vanti Rjat.; of a monkey-hero
MBh. R.; of a poet; of a pupil of Pathya BhP. xii, 7, 2; of a mountain BhP. VP.; of one of
the smaller Dvpas VP.; ({A}) f. a form of Durg BhP. x, 2, 12 MatsyaP.; the plant
Gmelina arborea L.; the plant Pistia Stratiotes L.; the plant Desmodium gangeticum L.;
the plant Grislea tomentosa L.; another plant (commonly Kathphala) L.; ({I}) f. the plant
Kathphala (Myrica sapida); ({am}) n. camphor L.; silver L.
kunchikaa = (f) key

kuntaH = (m) spear

kuNthha* = * = mfn. (g. {kaDArA7di}) blunt, dull MBh. i, 1178 R. &c.; stupid, indolent,
lazy, foolish
kuntibhojaH = Kuntibhoja
kuntiiputraH = the son of Kunti
kunda = night lily
kupita = angered* = mfn. provoked, incensed, offended, angry.
kupitaM = angry
kupya *= mfn. to be excited MBh. xv , 821 (%{a-k-} neg.) ; (%{am}) n. base metal , any
metal but silver and gold , copper , brass , &c. , zinc , lapis calaminaris , pewter , tutenag
Mn. vii , 96 ; x , 113 ; xi Ya1jn5. &c. ; m. N. of a man Ra1jat. vi , 264.
kupyati = (4 pp) to be angry
kupyasi = you get angry
kurma = a tortoise, one of the vital airs - controls blinking
kurmaasana = the tortoise (leg-lock) posture
kuranga = deer

kuru = do
kurute = does (from kRi)
kurunandana = O beloved child of the Kurus
kurupraviira = O best among the Kuru warriors
kuruvriddhaH = the grandsire of the Kuru dynasty (Bhishma)
kurushreshhTha = O best of the Kurus
kurushhva = do
kurusattama = O best amongst the Kurus
kurukshetre = in the place named Kuruksetra
kuruun.h = the members of the Kuru dynasty
kuryaaM = I perform
kuryaat.h = must do
kurvaaNa *= mfn. (pr. p. A1.) doing , making ; acting as a servant , agent L.
kurva.nti = (Vr.Pr.IIIP Pl.PP)do; act

kurvan.h = doing anything

kurvanti = do (from kRi)
kurvantu = may do
kurvannapi = although engaged in work
kurvavadhaanaM = pay attention
kurvaaNa = one who does* = mfn. (pr. p. A1.) doing, making ; acting as a servant, agent
L.
kurvaaNaH = performing
kurvaan.h = doing
kurvat *= mfn. (pr. p. P., 1. %{kR}) doing, acting, &c. ; acting as a servant, agent,
servant L. ; present, actual AitBr. iv, 31, 3.
kus'a * = m. grass S'Br. S'nkhS'r. KtyS'r. s'vGri.; (the Brhmanas commonly call it
{darbha4}); the sacred grass used at certain religious ceremonies (Poa cynosuroides, a
grass with long pointed stalks) Mn. Yj. MBh. &c.; a rope (made of Kus'a grass) used
for connecting the yoke of a plough with the pole L.; N. of a son of Vasu Uparicara Hariv.
1806; of the founder of Kus'athal SkandaP.; of a son of Balka7s'va (grandson of
Balka, father of Kus'mba or Kus'a-nbha) R. BhP. ix, 19, 4; of a son of Suhotra (cf.
{kAza}) BhP.; of a son of Vidarbha ib.; of a son of Rma (cf. {kuzIlava}) Hariv. 822 BhP.
Ragh. xvi, 72; of and son of Lava (king of Kas'mira) Rjat. i, 88; one of the great Dvpas

or divisions of the universe (surrounded by the sea of liquified butter) BhP. v, 1, 32 VP.
[297, 1]; ({A}) f. (Pn. 8-3, 46) a small pin or piece of wood (used as a mark in
recitation) Lthy. ii, 6, 1 and 4; a cord (cf. {ka4zA}) L.; a horse's bridle (cf. {ka4zA}) L.;
N. of a plant (commonly Madhu-karkathik) L.; ({I4}) f. ( = {kuzA}) a small pin (used as
a mark in recitation and consisting of wood [MaitrS. iv] or of metal [TBr. i S'Br. iii]; a
ploughshare L.; a pod of cotton L.; ({am}) n. water; (mfn.) wicked, depraved L.; mad,
inebriate L.
kushalaM = welfare
kuSIda* = mfn. indifferent, apathetic W.; (%{am}) n. for %{kusIda} q.v. L.
kusida* = m. id. Pa1n2. 4-1, 37.
kusIda* = mfn. (fr. 1. %{ku} and %{sad}?; cf. %{kuSIda}), lazy, inert (?) TS. vii; (%{am})
n. any loan or thing lent to be repaid with interest, lending money upon interest, usury
TS. iii Gobh. Gaut. Pa1n2. &c.; red sandal wood L.; (%{as}, %{A}) mf. a money-lender,
usurer L.
kus'ala * =mf({A})n. (ganas {sidhmA7di}, {zreNy-Adi}, and {zramaNA7di}) right,
proper, suitable, good (e.g. {kuzalaM} {man}, to consider good, approve AitBr.
S'nkhS'r.); well, healthy, in good condition, prosperous R. &c.; fit for, competent, able,
skilful, clever, conversant with (loc. [Pn. 2-3, 40 ChUp. Mn. &c.] gen. [Pn. 2-3, 40
Yj. ii, 181] inf. [MBh.], or in comp. [gana {zauNDA7di}; Gaut Mn. &c.]); ({As}) m.
pl.N. of a people MBh. vi, 359; N. of the Brhmans in Kus'advpa BhP. v, 20, 16; m. N. of
S'iva; of a prince VP.; of a grammarian (author of the Pajik-pradpa); ({A}) f. N. of a
woman g. {bAhv-Adi}; ({I}) f. the plant Oxalis Corniculata (= {azmantaka}) L.; the plant

{kSudrA7mlikA} L.; ({am}) n. welfare, well-being, prosperous condition, happiness TUp.

Gaut. p. MBh. &c. [{kuzalam-pracch}, to ask after another's welfare, to say `" how do
you do? "' Mn. MBh. &c.; {kuzalaM te} (optionally with dat. Pn. 2-3, 73), `" hail to thee!
"' (used as a salutation, especially in greeting a Brhman) MBh. &c.]; benevolence R. ii,
34, 22; virtue L.; cleverness, competence, ability Pacat.; N. of a Varsha governed by
Kus'ala VP.; ({am}) ind. well, in a proper manner, properly ChUp.; (in comp.) g.
{vispaSTA7di}; happily, cheerfully, (with {As}, `" to be well "') BhP.; ({ena}) ind. in due
order Gobh. (also in comp. {kuzala-}).
kushale = in the auspicious
kushahasta = holding kusha grass in hand
kus'asthala *= n. N. of the town Ka1nyakubja Hcar. ; (%{I}) f. N. of the town Dva1raka1
MBh. ii , 614 Hariv. BhP. Ba1lar.
kushmNDa * = m. (cf. {kUSm-}) a kind of pumpkin-gourd (Beninkasa cerifera) MBh.
xiii, 4364 ({kUzm-} ed. Bomb.) Sus'r.; = {bhrUNA7ntara} (a state of the womb in
gestation W.) L.; false conception (?); ({am}) n. N. of the verses VS. xx, 14 ff. Tr.
({kUzm-}) MBh. xiii, 6236 ff. ({kUzm-} ed. Bomb.); ({As}) m. pl. a class of demons (or
of demi-gods attached to S'iva; cf. {kumbhA7NDa}) BhP. x VP. ({kUSm-}) Kaths.; m.
N. of a demon causing disease Hariv. 9560 (v.l. {kUSm-}); ({I}) f. the gourd Beninkasa
Cerifera L.; N. of the verses VS. xx, 14 ff. (see {kUSm-}) L.; N. of Durg Hariv. 10245
(v.l. {kUSm-}).
kusidaayii* = f. (Pn. 4-1, 37) id. Kthh. x, 5; the wife of a money-lender L.

kusIdaayii* = f. the wife of a usurer Vop. iv, 25.

kushiida* = mfn. indifferent, apathetic W.; ({am}) n. for {kusIda} q.v. L.
kusida* = m. id. Pn. 4-1, 37.
kusiida* = mfn. (fr. 1. {ku} and {sad}?; cf. {kuSIda}), lazy, inert (?) TS. vii; ({am}) n. any
loan or thing lent to be repaid with interest, lending money upon interest, usury TS. iii
Gobh. Gaut. Pn. &c.; red sandal wood L.; ({as}, {A}) mf. a money-lender, usurer L.
kusuma = flower * = (fr. {kus} Un.; g. {ardharcA7di}), a flower, blossom Mn. xi, 70 R.
&c. (ifc. f. {A}) Mlav. & Ratnv. [298, 2]; N. of the shorter sections of Deves'vara's Kavikalpa-lat (the longer chapters being called {stabaka}); fruit L.; the menstrual discharge
L.; a particular disease of the eyes L.; m. a form of fire Hariv. 10465; N. of an attendant
of the sixth Arhat of the present Avasarpin L.; N. of a prince Buddh.
kusumaakaraH = spring
kusumita = blooming
kusyati = (4 pp) to embrace, to hug
kuTiichaka = the hut-builder
kuTiilbuddhii = adj. heinous, attrocious, nefarious
kuTuMbakaM = small family

kuTumba = family
kuTumbaka = family
kuTTati = to grind, to pound
kutaH = from where
kutha * = {as} or {am} m. n. a house, family (cf. {kuTi}) RV. i, 46, 4 [?= {kRta} Nir. v,
24]; a water-pot, pitcher L.; m. a fort, stronghold L.; a hammer, mallet for breaking
small stones, ax L.; a tree L.; a mountain L.; N. of a man g. {azvA7di} and {kurv-Adi}
[also RV. i, 46, 4, accord. to Gmn.]; ({I}) f. g. {gaurA7di} (Ganar. 47).
kuta * = m. N. of one of the eighteen attendants of the sun (identified with the god of the
ocean) L.
kutra = where
kutsya = despicable
kuuja.ntaM = making the `coo'ing sound
kuujat.h = the singing (chirping) one
kuuTasthaM = unchanging
kuuTasthaH = spiritually situated

kuupaH = (m) well

kuupii = (f) bottle
kuurchikaa = (f) paint brush, drawing brush
kuurdati = to jump
kuurparaH = (m) elbow
kuurmaH = tortoise
kuushmNDa * = v.l. for {kuSm-} q.v.; ({A}) f. N. of Durg; ({I}) f. id. (see {kuSm-});
({yas}) f. pl.N. of the verses VS. xx, 14-16 (spoken in a certain rite for penance or
expiation) Yj. iii, 304; ({am}, {Ani}) n. sg. and pl. id. Gaut. Mn. viii, 106.
kuutha * = n. the bone of the forehead with its projections or prominences, horn RV. x,
102, 4 AV. S'Br. AitBr.; a kind of vessel or implement Kaus'. 16; ({as}, {am}) m. n. any
prominence or projection (e.g. {aMsa-k-}, {akSi-k-}, qq. vv.); summit, peak or summit of
a mountain MBh. &c.; summit, head i.e. the highest, most excellent, first BhP. ii, 9, 19; a
heap, multitude (e.g. {abhra-k-}, a multitude of clouds) MBh. R. BhP.; part of a plough,
ploughshare, body of a plough L.; an iron mallet MBh. xvi, 4, 6; a trap for catching deer,
concealed weapon (as a dagger in a wooden case, sword-stick, &c.) R. Pacat.; ({as} L.;
{am}) m. n. illusion, fraud, trick, untruth, falsehood L.; a puzzling question, enigma
BhP. vi, 5, 10 and 29; m. a kind of hall (= {maNDapa}) Hcat.; N. of a particular
constellation VarBri. xii, 8 and 16; a subdivision of Graha-yuddha Sryas.; a mystical N.
of the letter {kSa} RmatUp.; N. of Agastya (cf. {kuTaja}) L.; of an enemy of Vishnu R.
BhP. x; ({as}, {am}) m. n. uniform substance (as the etherial element, &c.) L.; a water-

jar Hcar.; a kind of plant L.; ({as}, {I}) mf. a house, dwelling (cf. {kuTa} and {kuTI}) L.;
({kUta4}) mf({A4})n. not horned or cornuted (as an animal with incomplete
continuations of the bone of the forehead) AV. xii, 4, 3 TS. i Kthh. &c.; false, untrue,
deceitful Mn. Yj. Kaths. &c.; base (as coins) Yj. ii, 241; m. an ox whose horns are
broken L.; ({am}) n. counterfeited objects (of a merchant) VarBri. xiv, 3.
kva = where
kvaacitka *= mf(%{I})n. (fr. %{kva-cid}) , met with occasionally or somewhere (as a
reading) Nya1yam. Comm. on TS. and A1pS3r.
kvachit.h = at any time, sometimes, at that time1
kvathati = to boil
kyAn *V: of what extent, how much

laabha = acquirement, acquisition* = m. meeting with, finding Mn. Katha1s.; obtaining,

getting, attaining, acquisition, gain, profit Mn. MBh. &c.; capture, conquest Hariv.
VarBr2S.; apprehension, perception, knowledge S3am2k. Sa1h. BhP.; enjoying MW.; N.
of the 11th astrological house or lunar mansion VarBr2S. (also %{-sthAna}, Cat)

laabhaM = gain
laabhaalaabhau = both profit and loss
laaghava = sweetness, kindness, lightness n. (fr. {laghu}) * = swiftness, rapidity, speed
MBh. R.; alacrity, versatility, dexterity, skill MBh. Kv. &c.; lightness (also of heart),
ease, relief Mn. Yj. Sus'r.; levity, thoughtlessness, inconsiderateness, rashness R.
Kaths.; insignificance, unimportance, smallness R. Mlav. MrkP.; (in prosody)
shortness of a vowel or syllable (opp. to {gaurava}), Ping.; shortness of expression,
brevity, conciseness Sarvad. Kty. Sch.; lack of weight or consequence, derogation of
dignity, slight, disrespect MBh. Kv. &c.
laabhin *= mfn. (ifc.) obtaining , meeting with , finding Ra1jat. ; Pracan2d2.
Ka1ran2d2.
laaghavaM = with ease or lightness
laajaiH = with the roasted rice, wheat flakes
laalaaya *= Nom . A1. %{-yate} , to let saliva fall from the mouth , slobber , drivel
Bhartr2.
laakiNii = the goddess in manipuraka
laakshaNa* = mf({I})n. (fr. {lakSaNa}) relating to or acquainted with characteristic
signs or marks APrt. Sch.
laakshmaNa * = mf({I})n. (fr. {lakSmaNa}) relating to the plant Lakshman Vgbh.; a

patr. fr. {lakSmaNa} Sanskrak.

laal.h = to pamper
laalasa * =mf({A})n. (fr. Intens. of {las}) eagerly longing for, ardently desirous of,
delighting or absorbed in, devoted or totally given up to (loc. or comp.) MBh. Kv. &c. ({tA} f.); m. and ({A}) f. longing or ardent desire, fond attachment or devotion to (loc.)
Bhartri. Blar. (L. also `" regret, sorrow; asking, soliciting; the longing of a pregnant
woman; dalliance "'); ({A}) f. a kind of metre Ping. Sch.
laachana * = n. a mark , sign , token (ifc.= marked or , characterized by , furnished or
provided with) Ka1lid. BhP. ; a mark of ignominy , stain , spot Vcar. ; a name ,
appellation L. [900,2]
laachanataa * = f. the condition of being marked or stained Subh.
laava* =1 {lAvaka} &c. see p. 905, col, 2. \\2 {lAvaka} w.r. for {lAba}, {lAbaka}. \\* =
mf({I})n. (ifc.) cutting, cutting off, plucking, reaping, gathering Ragh. Sh.; cutting to
pieces, destroying, killing Bhathth.
laavaNa =* mf(%{I})n. (fr. %{lavaNa}) saline, salt, salted, cooked or dressed with salt
Hariv. Sus3r.; m. N. of the salt sea which surrounds Jambudvi1pa L.
labdha* = m mfn. taken, seized, caught, met with, found &c.; got at, arrived (as a
moment) Kaths.; obtained (as a quotient in division) Col. (cf. {labdhi}); ({A}) f. N. of a
partic. heroine L.; a woman whose husband or lover is faithless W.

labdhaM = gained
labdhaa = regained
labdhvaa = having achieved
labh.h = to obtain (see also laabha)
labhate = (1 ap) to get, to obtain
labhante = do achieve
labhasva = gain
labhe = I obtain
labhet.h = gains
labhya = Easy
labhyaH = can be achievedlaguDa = a club, a stick
lac = a one hundred thoausand
ladduka = laddoo, a sweet-ball
lagna = The Ascendant or 1st house

lagnadhipati = Ascendant lord

laghu = small / inferior / light
laghuH = light
laghuDa = club, stick
laghutvaM = lightness
laghutaa * = f. quickness, promptness, agility, dexterity MBh. Ma1rkP.; lightness, ease,
facility Sus3r. R2itus.; feeling of ease, ffeeling of bodily freshness Ka1ran2d2.;
prosodial shortness VarBr2S.; smallness, littleness, meanness, insignificance MBh.
Ra1jat. S3is3.; light-mindedness, thoughtlessness, levity, wantonness R.; want of rank or
dignity, humbleness, disregard, disrespect Ka1v. Pan5cat. &c.
laghvaashii = eating a small quantity
lAja * =m. (or %{A} f.) pl. fried or parched grain (esp. rice grain) VS. &c. &c.; n. the root
of Andropogon Muricatus L.
lajjaa = modesty\\* = f. shame, modesty, bashfulness, embarrassment (also Shame
personified as the wife of Dharma and mother of Vinaya) MBh. Kv. &c.; the sensitive
plant, Mimosa Pudica L.
lajja* =m. N. of a man; pl. his descendants Vop.; ({A}) f. see below.
laJja* = m. (only L.) a foot, a tail; = {kaccha}; = {paGgu}; ({A}) f. (only L.) an

adulteress; sleep; a current; N. of Lakshm.

lajjyate = (1 ap) to be ashamed, embarrassed.
lakshaNa* = mfn. indicating, expressing indirectly Veda7ntas.; m. Ardea Sibirica L.; N.
of a man Rjat. (often confounded with, {lakSmaNa}); ({A}) f. see s.v.; n. (ifc. f. {A}) a
mark, sign, symbol, token, characteristic, attribute, quality (ifc. = `" marked or
characterized by "', `" possessed of "') Mn. MBh. &c.; a stroke, line (esp. those drawn on
the sacrificial ground) S'Br. GriS'rS.; a lucky mark, favourable sign GriS'rS. Mn. MBh.
&c.; a symptom or indication of disease, Cat; a sexual organ MBh. xiii, 2303; a spoon (?)
DivyA7v; accurate description, definition, illustration Mn. Sarvad. Sus'r.; settled rate,
fixed tariff Mn. viii, 406; a designation, appellation, name (ifc. = `" named "', `" called
"') Mn. MBh. Kv.; a form, species, kind, sort (ifc.= `" taking the form of "', `" appearing
as "') Mn. S'ank. BhP.; the act of aiming at, aim, goal, scope, object (ifc. = `" concerning
"', `" relating to "', `" coming within the scope of "') APrt. Yj. MBh. BhP.; reference,
quotation Pn. 1-4, 84; effect, operation, influence ib. i, 1, 62 &c.; cause, occasion,
opportunity R. Das'.; observation, sight, seeing W.
lakshaNA* = f. aiming at, aim, object, view Hariv.; indication, elliptical expression, use
of a word for another word with a cognate meaning (as of `" head "' for `" intellect "'),
indirect or figurative sense of a word (one of its three Arthas; the other two being
{abhidhA} or proper sense, and {vyaJjanA} or suggestive ssense; with {sA7ropA}, the
placing of a word in its figurative sense in apposition to another in its proper ssense)
Sh. Kpr. Bhshp. &c. [892, 2]; the female of the Ardea Sibirica (= {lakSmaNA})
Sus'r.; a goose Un. iii, 7 Sch.; N. of an Apsaras MBh. Hariv.
laksh * = cl. 1. . {lakSate}, to perceive, observe BhP. Kaths.; (P. {-ti}), to recognise

MBh.; cl. 10. P. . (Dhtup. xxxii, 5; xxxiii, 23; rather Nom. fr. {lakSa} below)
{lakSayati}, {-te} (aor. {alalakSat}, {-ta}; inf. {lakSayitum}; ind. p. {lakSayitvA}, {lakSya}), to mark, sign MBh.; to characterize, define (in Comms.); to indicate, designate
indirectly S'ank. Kpr. Sh. Sarvad.; to aim, it (as to aim an arrow at any object), direct
towards, have in view, mean Ks'. on Pn. 2-3, 37 &c.; to consider or regard any one
(acc.) as (acc. with or without {iva}) MBh. Hariv. Pur.; to suppose of any one (acc.) that
he will &c. (oratio recta with {iti}) MBh. iii, 10375; to know, understand, recognise by
(instr.) or as (acc.) or that &c. (oratio recta with {iti}) MBh. Kv. Pur.; to notice,
perceive, observe, see, view MaitrUp. Mn. MBh. &c.: Pass. {lakSyate}, to be marked &c.;
to be meant or intended Ks'. on Pn. 2-3, 14 &c.; to be named or called (with double
nom.) BhP.; to be perceived or seen, appear, seem, look like (nom. with or without {iva})
MBh. Kv. &c.: Desid. see {lilakSayiSita}.
lakshataa * = f. the state of being a mark or aim MW.
lakshes'a * = m. = {lakSA7dhI7za} Kv.
lakshaka * = mfn. indicating, hinting at, expressing indirectly or elliptically or by
metonymy Sh.; N. of two men Rjat.; n. a lac, one hundred thousand Pacar.
laksha = Lakh, 100, 000 in number, also sight
lakshaNaM = symptom; indication; aspect; characteristics
lakshmaNa * = mf({A4})n. having marks or signs or characteristics TS.; endowed with
auspicious signs or marks, lucky, fortunate L.; m. Ardea Sibirica past.; N. of a
Vsishthha g. {zubhrA7di}; of a son of Das'a-ratha by his wife Su-mitr (he was younger

brother and companion of Rma during his travels and adventures; LLakshmana4 and
S'atru-ghna were both sons of Su-mitr, but LLakshmana4 alone is usually called
Saumitri; he so attached himself to Rma as to be called RRma's second self; whereas
S'atru-ghna attached himself to Bharata) R. Pur. &c.; N. of various authors and other
persons (also with {AcArya}, {kavi}, {dezika}, {dvivedin}, {paNDita}, {bhaTTa},
{zAstrin}, {sUri} &c.) Cat.; ({A}) f. the female of the Ardea Sibirica MBh.; a goose Un. iii,
7 Sch.; a kind of potherb Car.; N. of various other plants (Hemionitis Cordifolia; Uraria
Lagopodioides; = {putra-kandA} and a white-flowering Kanthaka7ri). L.; N. of a wife of
Kriishna Hariv. Pur.; of a daughter of Dur-yodhana (carried off by Smbha, a son of
Kriishna) BhP.; of an Apsaras Hariv.; of a Buddhist Dev Klac.; of the mother of the 8th
Arhat of the present Avasarpin L.; n. a mark, sign, token MBh. R. &c. (often v.l.
{lakSaNa}), a name L.
lakshmaNapuurvajaM = the (earlier-born)elder of LakshmaNa
lakshmaNaanucharo = having LakshmaNa as the follower
lakshmaNo = laksshmaNaH
lakshmaNopetaM = having Lakshmana nearby
lakshmi = goddess of wealth, beauty and luck, wife of Vishnu
lakshmii = wealth
lakSya *= mfn. to be marked or characterized or defined, Kap. Sch.; to be indicated,
indirectly denoted or expressed Sh. Veda7ntas.; (to be) kept in view or observed
VarBriS. Kaths.; to be regarded as or taken for (nom.) S'is'. Hit.; to be recognised or

known, recognisable by (instr. or comp.) Hariv. Klid. Dhrtas.; observable, perceptible,

visible MBh. Kv. &c.; m. N. of a magical formula or spell recited over weapons R.; n. an
object aimed at, prize MBh. R. Km.; (exceptionally also n. with m. as v.l.) an aim, butt,
mark, goal Up. Gaut. MBh. &c. ({lakSyaM-labh}, to attain an object, have success;
{lakSyam-bandh} with loc., `" to fix or direct the aim at "', with {AkAze} = {AkAze
lakSam-bandh} see under {lakSa}) [893, 2]; the thing defined (opp. to {lakSaNa}) A.; an
indirect or secondary meaning (that derived from {lakSaNA}, q.v.) Kpr.; a pretence,
sham, disguise Ragh. Km. (cf. {-supta}); a lac or one hundred thousand Rjat.; an
example, illustration (?) Sh.; often v.l. or w.r. for {lakSa} and {lakSman}.
lakshyam.h = (n) aim, target, goal
lakshyamaatravyaapakaH = lakshyam + atra + vyApakaH:goal or target + here +
manifested
lalaama *= mf(%{I})n. having a mark or spot on the forehead, marked with paint &c.
(as cattle) AV. TS.; having any mark or sign MBh.; beautiful, charming L.; eminent, best
of its kind (f. %{A}) L.; m. n. ornament, decoration, embellishment MBh. Ka1v. &c.; (%
{I}) f. N. of a female demon AV.; a kind of ornament for the ears L.; n. (only L.) a
coloured mark on the forehead of a horse or bull; a sectarial mark; any mark or sign or
token; a line, row; a flag, banner; a tail; a horse; = %{prabhAva}.
lalaaman *= n. an ornament, decoration Vcar. ; (only L.) a sectarial mark ; any mark
or sign ; a banner, flag ; a tail ; a horn ; a horse ; chief or principal ; a species of stanza
(having 10 syllables in the first two Pa8das, 11 in the third, and 13 in the fourth) ; = %
{ramya} or %{sukha}.

lalaaTa = the forehead

lalaaTaka = (n) forehead
lalita = lovely, beautiful, elegant, graceful
laMbodaraM = having a long stomach
laMbodaraaya = to the long-stomached
lampaTa * = mf({A})n. covetous, greedy, lustful, desirous of or addicted to (loc. or
comp.) Inscr. Kv. Pur.; m. a libertine, lecher, dissolute person, w.; ({A}) f. a partic.
personification L.
lampaTa-tA * = n. greediness, dissoluteness, lewdness.
laampaTya * = n. (fr. {lampaTa}) lasciviousness, lustfulness, dissoluteness Nalac.
lankaa = the kingdon of Ravana, Ceylon or Sri Lanka
la.ngh.h = to climb
lashunam.h = (n) garlic
lasatbhiH = glowing
lasiikaa* = f. watery humour in the body, lymph, serrum &c. Car. Bhpr.; the juice of the
sugar-cane L.; a tendon, muscle L.

lasitaM = beautified
lata = creeper
lataa = (f) creeper, vine
laulikii = a movement of the abdominal muscles and organs
laukika * = mf({I})n. (fr. {loka}) worldly, terrestrial, belonging to or occurring in
ordinary life, common, usual, customary, temporal, not sacred (as opp. to {vaidika},
{ArSa}, {zAstrIya} [909, 3]; {laukiheSu} ind. = {loke} `" in ordinary or popular speech
"', opp. to {vaidikeSu} Nir.) S'rS. Mn. MBh. &c.; (ifc.) belonging to the world of(ct.
{brahma-l-}); m. common or ordinary men (as opp. to `" the learned, initiated "' &c.)
S'ank. Sarvad.; men familiar with the ways of the world, men of the world Uttarar.; men
in general, people, mankind MBh.; n. anything occurring in the world, general custom,
usage S'ak. MrkP.; a persos ordinary occupation BhP.
laulya * = n. (fr. %{lola}) restlessness, Suar. ; unsteadiness, inconstancy, fickleness
Hariv. ; lustfulness, eagerness, greediness, passion, ardent longing for (loc. or comp.)
MBh. Ka1v. &c.
lava = Piece * = m. (1. {lU}) the act of cutting, reaping (of corn), mowing, plucking or
gathering (of flowers &c.), Das. Nalo7d.; that which is cut or shorn off, a shorn fleece,
wool, hair Mn. Ragh.; anything cut off, a section, fragment, piece, particle, bit, little
piece ({am} ind. a little; {lavam api}, even a little) MBh. Kv. &c. (cf. {padAti-l-}); a
minute division of time, the 60th of a twinkling, half a second, a moment (accord. to
others 1/4000 or 1/5400 or 1/20250 of a Muhrta) ib.; (in astron.) a degree Gol.; (in

alg.) the numerator of a fraction Col.; the space of 2 Kshthhs L.; loss, destruction L.;
sport L. (cf. {lala}); Perdix Chinensis W.; N. of a son of Rmacandra and St (he and his
twin-brother Kus'a were brought up by the sage Vlmki and taught by him to repeat his
Rmyana at assemblies; cf. {kuzI-lava}) R. Ragh. Uttarar. Pur.; of a king of Kas'mra
(father of Kus'a) Rjat.; n. (only L.) nutmeg; cloves; the root of Andropogon Muricatus; a
little (cf. m.).
lavana=* mfn. one who cuts &c., a cutter, reaper g. %{nandy-Adi}; (%{I}) f. Anona
Reticulata L.; n. the act of cutting, reaping, mowing &c. Ka1tyS3r.; an implement for
cutting, sickle, knife &c. Kaus3. (see %{darbha-l-}).
lavaNa=*mf(%{A})n. (derivation doubtful) saline, salt, briny, brinish S3Br. &c. &c. (%{NaM@kRtvA}, or %{kRtya} g. %{sAkSA7di}); tasteful, graceful, handsome, beautiful
W.; m. saltness, saline taste W.; the sea of salt water (in MBh. vi, 236 &c. one of the seven
oceans which surround the Dvi1pas in concentric belts) IW. 420; N. of a hell VP. (v.l. %
{savana}); of a Ra1kshasa or Daitya MBh. Hariv. Pur.; of a king belonging to the family
of Haris3candra Cat.; of a son of Ra1ma (= %{lava} q.v.) S3atr.; of a river L.; = %{bala}
and %{asthi-deva} L.; (%{A}) f. lustre, grace, beauty L. (cf. %{lAvaNya});
Cardiospermum Halicacabum L.; N. of a river Ma1lati1m.; (%{I}) f. (g. %{gaurA7di}) N.
of various rivers L.; n. (according to some also m. and %{A} f.) salt (esp. seasalt, rock or
fossil salt; but also factitious salt or salt obtained from saline earth) AV. &c. &c.;
oversalted food L.; lustre, beauty, charm, grace (ifc. see, %{nir-l-} and %{lavaNA7kara}); a partic. mode of fighting (prob. w.r. for %{lambana}) Hariv.
lavanga = clove
lavangaH = (m) cloves

lavaNa = (m) salty

lavaNam.h = (n) salt
lavana = mineral
layaM = tranquillity or the lull after destruction or the Deluge
layayoga = yoga using the latent power of kundalini
lebhire - see under laabhin
lekhya * = 2 mfn. to be scratched or scraped or scarified Sus'r.; to be written or
transcribed Yj. MrkP.; to be drawn or painted Yj.; to be portrayed, painted BhP.; to
be written down or numbered among (loc.) Kvya7d.; favourable to the gods (said of
Vishnu) Vishn. (Sch.); n. the act or the art of writing, Mbh. R.; copying, transcribing
VarBriS.; delineation, drawing, painting ib.; a writing, letter, manuscript Km. Kaths.
Sh.; (in law) any written document (esp. a written accusation or defence) Vishn. Yj.
(cf. IW. 293); an inscription MBh. xiii, 6330; ({gaNanA-}) a catalogue, list of Ragh.; a
painted figure BhP.
lekha = writings, article
lekhanii = (f) pencil
lekhaphalakam.h = (n) slate
lekhaani = writings

lepa = smearing
lepakaaraH = (m) person who builds houses
lelihyase = You are licking
lesha = little-bit, slight
les'a *= m. a small part or portion , particle , atom , little bit or slight trace of (gen. or
comp. ; %{-tas} and %{ena} , Ind. = very slightly or briefly ; %{les3a-s3as} , in small
pieces R.) Pra1t. ChUp. MBh. &c. ; smallness , littleness W. ; a partic. division or short
space of time (= 2 or 12 Kala1s) L. ; a kind of song L. ; (in rhet.) a figure of speech in
which a statement is made indirectly (e.g. Ven2is. ii , 4) Sa1h. ; a figure of speech in
which what is usually considered as an advantage is represented as a disadvantage and
vice versa) Kuval. ; N. of a prince (a son of Su-hotra) VP.
lihanta: * licking
liilaa * = f. (derivation doubtful) play, sport, diversion, amusement, pastime MBh. Kv.
&c.; mere sport or play, child's play, ease or facility in doing anything ib.; mere
appearance, semblance, pretence, disguise, sham Kv. Kaths. Pur. (ibc. sportively,
easily, in sport, as a mere joke [903, 3]; also = {lIlayA} ind. for mere diversion,
feignedly); grace, charm, beauty, elegance, lovelniess Klid. Kaths. Rjat.; (in rhet.) a
maides playful imitation of her lover, Dalar. Sh. Pratp.; a kind of metre (4 times $)
Col.; N. of a Yogini HParis'.
liina * = mfn. clung or pressed closely together, attached or devoted to, merged in (loc.
or comp.) R. Sarvad. ; sticking Mahi1dh. ; lying or resting on, staying in, lurking, hiding

MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; dissolved, absorbed in (loc. or comp.), disappeared, vanished S3vetUp.
MBh. &c. ; n. the clinging to, being dissolved or absorbed in, disappearance Pan5car.
likh.h = to write
likhati = wrote
likhitavaan.h = wrote
limpati = (6 pp) to anoint
limpanti = do affect
linga*= n. (once m. in Nr2isUp.; ifc. f. %{A}, %{I} only in %{viSNu-liGgI}; prob. fr. %
{lag}; cf. %{lakSa}, %{lakSaNa}) a mark, spot, sign, token, badge, emblem,
characteristic (ifc. = %{tal-liGga}, `" having anything for a mark or sign "') Up. MBh.
&c.; any assumed or false badge or mark, guise, disguise MBh. Ka1v. &c.; a proof,
evidence Kan2. Ka1tyS3r. Sarvad.; a sign of guilt, corpus delicti Ya1jn5. Sch.; the sign of
gender or sex, organ of generation Mn. Hariv. Pur. &c.; the male organ or Phallus (esp.
that of S3iva worshipped in the form of a stone or marble column which generally rises
out of a %{yoni}, q.v., and is set up in temples dedicated to S3iva; formerly 12 principal
S3iva-lin3gas existed, of which the best known are Soma-na1tha in Gnjara1t, Maha1ka1la at Ujjayini1, Vis3ve7s3vara at Benares &c.; but the number of Lin3gas in India is
estimated at 30 millions IW. 322 n. RTL. 78, 1; 90) MBh. R. &c.; gender (in gram.; cf. %
{puM-l-}), Prst. Pa1n2.; the image of a god, an idol VarBr2S.; (in logic) = %{vyApya}, the
invariable mark which proves the existence of anything in an object (as in the proposition
`" there is fire because there is smoke "', smoke is the %{liGga}; cf. IW. 62); inference,

conclusion, reason (cf. %{kAvya-l-}); = %{lingazarIra} (in Vedanta); anything having an

origin and therefore liable to be destroyed again Kap.; = %{AkAza} Ka1ran2d2.; (in
Sa1m2khya) = %{prakRti} or %{pradhAna}, `" the eternal procreative germ "' L.
[902,1]; = %{vyakta} L.; cf. RTL. 30; = %{prAtipadika}, the crude base or uninflected
stem of a noun (shortened into %{li}) Vop. Sch.; (in rhet.) an indication (word that serves
to fix the meaning of another word; e.g. in the passage %{kupito@makara-dhvajaH} the
word %{kupita} restricts the meaning of %{makara-dhvaja} to `" Ka1ma "') = %{lingapurANa} BhP.; the order of the religious student W.; a symptom, mark of disease W.
lingaM = gender
lingaanaaM = genders
lingaani = genders
lingaiH = symptoms
lip = to smear
lipa * = m. smearing, anointing, plastering W.
lipyate = Vb: be affected, tainted, or: becomes involved or attached or entangled
lobha* = m. perplexity, confusion (see {a-l-}); impatience, eager desire for or longing
after (gen. loc. or comp.) Mn. MBh. &c.; covetousness, cupidity, avarice (personified as a
son of Pushthi or of Dambha and My) ib.
lobha = greed

lobhaM = greed
lobhaH = greed
lobhaviraha = greedless
lobhaavishhTa = (adj) greedy
lochana = eye
lochanam.h = eyes
loha = iron
lohamaargaH = (m) railway track
loka = this world * = m. (connected with {roka}; in the oldest texts {loka} is generally
preceded by {u}, which accord. to the Padap. = the particle 3. {u}; but {u} may be a
prefixed vowel and {uloka4}, a collateral dialectic form of {loka}; accord. to others {uloka} is abridged from {uru-} or {ava-loka}), free or open space, room, place, scope, free
motion RV. AV. Br. S'vS'r. (acc. with {kR} or {dA} or {anu-} {nI}, to make room grant
freedom "'; {loke} with gen. `" instead of "'); intermediate space Kaus'.; a tract, region,
district, country, province S'Br.; the wide space or world (either `" the universe "' or, any
division of it "', esp. `" the sky or heaven "'; 3 Lokas are commonly enumerated, viz.
heaven, earth, and the atmosphere or lower regions; sometimes only the first two; but a
fuller classification gives 7 worlds, viz. Bh-lloka, the earth; Bhuvar-lloka "' the space
between the earth and sun inhabited by Munis, Siddhas &c.; Svar-lloka, Indra's heaven
above the sun or between it and the polar star; Mahar-lloka, a region above the polar

star and inhabited by Bhriigo and other saints who survive the destruction of the 3 lower
worlds; Janar-lloka, inhabited by Brahm's son Sanat-kumra &c.; Tapar-lloka,
inhinhabited by deified Vairgins; Satya-lloka or Brahma-lloka, abode of Brahm,
translation to which exempts from rebirth [906, 2]; elsewhere these 7 worlds are
described as earth, sky, heaven, middle region, place of re-births, mansion of the blest,
and abode of truth; sometimes 14 worlds are mentioned, viz. the 7 above, and 7 lower
regions called in the order of their descent below the earth- A-tala, Vi-ttala, Su-ttala,
Rasttala, Talttala, Mah-ttala, and Ptla; cf. RTL. 102 n. 1 IW. 420, 1; 435, 1) AV.
&c. &c.; N. of the number `" seven "' (cf. above) VarBriS. Sch.; the earth or world of
human beings &c. Mn. MBh. &c. ({aya4M loka4H}, this world "'; {asau4} or {pa4ro
loka4H}, that or the other world "'; loke or {iha} {loke}, `" here on earth "', opp. to {paratra}, {para-loke} &c.; {kRtsne} {loke}, `" on the whole earth "'); (also pl.) the inhabitants
of the world, mankind, folk, people (sometimes opp. to `" king "') Mn. MBh. &c.; (pl.)
men (as opp. to `" women "') Vet. Hit.; a company, community (of ten ifc. to form
collectives) Kv. Vas. Kaths. &c.; ordinary life, worldly affairs, common practice or
usage GriS. Nir. Mn. &c. ({loke} either `" in ordinary life "', `" in worldly matters "'; or,
in common language, in popular speech "', as opp. to {vede}, {chandasi}); the faculty of
seeing, sight (only in {ca4kSur-l-} q.v.); {lokAnAM sAmanI} du. and {lokAnAM vratAni}
pl.N. of Smans rshBr. [Cf. Lat. {lsus}, originally, a clearing of a forest "'; Lith.
{lau4kas}, a field.]
lokaayana * = m. `" refuge of the wworld "'N. of Na1ra1yan2a Hariv.
lokaayata * = mfn. `" world-extended (?) "', materialistic; m. a materialist Buddh.
Ni1lak. A1ryav. (%{-tI-kR} P. %{-karoti}, to consider as materialistic); n. (scil. %{zAstra}
or %{mata} or %{tantra}), materialism, the system of atheistical philosophy (taught by
Ca1rva1ka) Prab. Sarvad. &c.

lokaayatana * = (l) m. a materialist Col.

okaayatika * = m. id. Sam2k.on Br2A1rUp. and Pras3nUp. &c.; (perhaps) a man
experienced in the ways of the world MBh. Hariv.; %{-pakSa-nirAsa} m. N. of wk.
lokaayatika * = m. id. Sank.on BrirUp. and Pras'nUp. &c.; (perhaps) a man
experienced in the ways of the world MBh. Hariv.; {-pakSa-nirAsa} m. N. of wk.
lokaH = world
lokaM = world;people
lokatraye = in the three planetary systems
lokaya = (verbal stem) to see
lokayaanam.h = (n) car
lokayaatraa* f. the business and traffic of men, worldly affairs, conduct of men, ordinary
actions Mn. MBh. Kv. &c.; worldly existence, career in life Mlav.; support of life Hit.
lokasa.ngrahaM = the people in general
lokasya = of the people
lokaaH = all the world
lokaat.h = from people

lokaan.h = to heaven
lokaapavaada = general infamy
lokaabhiraamaM = the laudable one of the people
loke = in the world
lokeshhu = planetary systemsloma = hair
lola = swinging * = mf(%{A})n. moving hither and thither, shaking, rolling, tossing,
dangling, swinging, agitated, unsteady, restless MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; changeable, transient,
inconstant, fickle Ka1v. Katha1s. ; desirous, greedy, lustful, (ifc.) eagerly desirous of or
longing for (loc. inf. or comp.) Ka1v. Var. &c. [905,2] ; m. the penis Gal. ; N. of a man
Ma1rkP. ; (%{A}) f. the tongue L. ; lightning Prab. (v.l.) ; `" the fickle or changeable one
"'N. of the goddess of fortune or Lakshmi1 Pan5car. ; of Da1ksha1yan2i in
Utpala7vartaka Cat. ; of the mother of the Daitya Madhu R. ; of a Yogini1 Hcat. ; of two
metres Chandom. Col. ; (%{I}) f. (in music) a kind of composition Sam2gi1t.
lolaasana = the swing posture
lolupa * = mf({A})n. (fr. Intens. of 1. {lup}) very destructive, destroying MW.; (prob.
corrupted fr. {lolubha}) very desirous or eager or covetous, ardently longing for (loc. or
comp.) MBh. Kv. &c.; ({A}) f. eager desire, appetite, longing for (loc.) MBh.; N. of a
Yogin Hcat.
lolupatva * = n. eager desire or longing for (comp.), greediness, cupidity, lust, Kv Pur.
Sus'r.

loshhTa = clay
loshhTra = pebbles
luJNchhitakesha = hair cut here and there
lupta = stopped
lubdhaH = greedy * = mfn. bewildered, confused AitBr. (%{am} ind.) ; greedy, covetous,
avaricious, desirous of or longing for (loc. or comp.) Gaut. MBh. &c. [905,1] ; n. a hunter
MBh. R. ; a lustful man, libertine W.
lubdhaka = (m) hunter
lubhyati = (4 pp) to covet
lumpati = (6 pp) to break
M
maa = Do not
maaDa* = m. measure, weight, quantity W.; Caryota Urens L. (also {maDA-druma}; cf.
{madya-d-}).
maada * = m. (2. {mad}) drunkenness, exhilaration, delight. passion, stupor L.; fighting
war Sy. (cf. {gandha-} and {sadha-m-}).

maadana* = mfn. exhilarating, delighting RV.; maddening. intoxicating Sus'r.; m. the

god of love L.; Vanguiera Spinosa L.; the thorn-apple L.; ({I}) f. N. of two plants (=
{mAkandI} and {vijayA}) L.; n. intoxication, exhilaration L.; `" stupefier "'N. of a
mythic weapon. R. (v.l. {madana}).
maadyati = (4 pp) to be glad
maadhava = vishnu, krishhna * = mf(%{I})n. (fr. %{madhu}; f. %{A} only in %
{mAdhavA} [= %{madhavyA}] %{tanUH} Pa1n2. 4-4, 129 Sch.) relating to spring, vernal
Hariv. Vikr. Katha1s.; belonging or peculiar to the descendants of Madhu i.e. the
Ya1davas Hariv.; representing Kr2ishna (as a picture) Hcat.; M. N. of the second month
of spring (more usually called Vais3a1kha, = April-May) TS. &c. &c. spring Ka1v.
Pan5car.; Bassia Latifolia L.; Latifolia L.; Phaseolus Mungo L.; a son or descendant of
Madhu, a man of the race of Yadu (sg. esp. N. of Kr2ishn2a-Vishn2u or of Paras3ura1ma as an incarnation of this god; pl. the Ya1davas or Vr2ishn2is) MBh. R. Hariv.
BhP.; N. of S3iva S3ivag.; of Indra Pan5cat. Vet. (w.r. for %{vAsava}?); of a son of the
third Manu Hariv.; of one of the 7 sages under Manu Bhautya Ma1rkP.; of the hero of
Bhava-bhu1ti's drama Ma1lati1-ma1dhava; of various other men Katha1s. Hit. &c.; of
various scholars and poets (also with %{paNDita}, %{bhaTTa} %{mizra}, %{yogin}, %
{vaidya}, %{sarasvatI} &c.; cf. %{mAdhavA7cArya}); (%{I}) f. see below; n. sweetness
L.; (also m.) a partic. intoxicating drink L.
maadhavaH = KRishhNa (the husband of the Goddess of Fortune)
maadhurya = Sweetness
maadhyam.h = (n) medium, platform

maadhyama* = mfn. (fr. {madhyama}) relating to the middle, middlemost, central (also
applied to the composers of the middle portion of the Riig-veda i.e. of books ii-vii)
S'nkhBr. GriS. Pat.; middleborn W.; m. pl. N. of a race Pravar.
maagaa = mA+gaa, Dot+go
maagadha4 * = mf({I})n. relating to or born in or living in or customary among the
Magadhas or the Magadha country AV.Paris'. Lalit. &c.; m. a king of the MMagadha
MBh. Hariv.; N. of a mixed caste AV. &c. &c. (accord to Mn. x, 11 the son of a Kshatriya
mother and a Vais'ya father; he is the professional bard or panegyrist of a king, often
associated with {suta} and {bandin} MBh. Kv. &c.; accord. to others one who informs a
Rja of what occurs in bazaars; also an unmarried womas son who lives by running
messages or who cleans wells or dirty clothes &c.; also opprobrious N. of a tribe still
numerous in GujarSt, and called the Bhts W.); white cumin L.; N. of one of the seven
sages in the 14th Manv-antara Hariv.; of a son of Yadu ib.; (pl.) N. of a people (=
{magadhAH}) AV.Paris'. MBh. &c.; of the warrior-caste in S'ka-dvi0pa VP.; of a
dynasty ib.; ({A}) f. a princess of the Magadhas PadmaP.; long pepper L.; ({I}) f. a
princess of the MMagadhas MBh. R.; the daughter of a Kshatriya mother and a Vais'ya
father MBh.; a female bard Kd.; (with or scil. {bhASA}), the language of the
MMagadhas (one of the Prakriit dialects) Sh. &c. (cf. {ardha-m-}); Jasminum
Auriculatum L.; a kind of spice Sus'r. (long pepper; white cumin; anise; dill; a species of
cardamoms grown in Gujarat. L.); refined sugar L.; a kind of metre VarBriS.; N. of a
river (= {zoNA}) R.
maaghavana * = mf(%{I})n. belonging to or ruled by Indra Pa1n2. 6-4, 128 Sch. ; (%{I})
f. (with %{kakubh}) the east S3is3.

maa4ghona * = bountifulness, liberality RV.; ({I}) f. (scil. {diz}) the east L.

maahaa * = f. a cow L. (cf. {mahA}, {mahI}, {mAheyI}). \\ 2 Vriiddhi form of {mahA},
in comp.
maahaatmyaM = glories
maahaatmya * = n. (fr. %{mahA7tman}) magnanimity, highmindedness MBh. Ka1v.
&c.; exalted state or position, majesty, dignity ib.; the peculiar efficacy or virtue of any
divinity or sacred shrine &c. W. (cf. RTL. 433); a work giving an account of the merits of
any holy place or object W. (cf. %{devI-m-} &c.)
maahaaraajya = being the great king
maahaaraajika* = mf({I})n. (fr. {mahA-rAja}) attached or devoted to the reigning prince
Pn. 4-2, 35.
maakara* = mf({I})n. relating or belonging to a Makara or sea-monster (with {Akara}
m. mine of MMakara, the sea Nalo7d.; with {Acana} n. a partic. posture in sitting Cat.;
with {vyUha} m. a partic. form of military array Hariv.; with {saptamI} f. = {makarasaptamI} W.); m. pl. N. of a people VarBriS.
maakha * =(prob.) n. (fr. {mabha}) any relationship based upon an oblation offered in
common Hariv. (v.l. {maukha}).
maala = a wreath *= m. (derivation doubtful) N. of a district (lying west and south-west
of Bengal) Megh. ; of one of the 7 islands, of Antara-dvilpa L., of Vishn2u L. ; of the son
of a Su1dra and a Su1ta L. ; pl. N. of a barbarous tribe or people MBh. ; (%{A}) f. see col.

3 ; n. a field Inscr. MBh. ; a forest or wood near a village L. ; fraud, artifice L. ; (in some
comp.) = ma1la1, a wreath, garland.
maalaa f. a wreath, garland, crown Gr2S3rS. MBh. &c. ; a string of beads, necklace,
rosary. Ka1v. Pan5cat. (cf. %{akSa-} and %{ratna-m-}) ; a row, line, streak MBh. Ka1v.
&c. ; a series, regular succession (with %{nAmnAm}, a collection of words arrayed in a
series, a vocabulary, dictionary ; cf. %{nAma-m-}) ; a kind of Krama-pa1tha (cf. %
{krama-mAlA}) ; N. of various metres Col. ; (in rhet.) a series of epithets or similes W. ;
(in dram.) a series of offerings for obtaining any object of desire (S3ak. iii, 17) Sa1h. ; (in
astrol.) a partic. Dala-yoga (q.v.) VarBr2S. Sch. ; Trigonella Corniculata L. ; N. of a river
MBh. ; of a glossary.
maalaa = Garland
maalaakaara = (m) gardener
maalaakaarii = (f) a woman selling flowers and garlands
maalaasana = the garland posture
maalikaa = Garland
maalinii = shining, also maalinii metre, the one with garland
maalya = garlands: * =m. patr. PacavBr. (also pl. Sanskrak.); ({A}) f. Trigonella,
Corniculata L.; n. a wreath, garland, chaplet GriS'rS. Up. Mn. &c.; a flower L.; mfn.
relating to a garland W.

maalyavat * = mfn. crowned with garlands, garlanded MBh. ; m. N. of a Ra1kshasa (son

of Su-kes3a) R. ; of one of S3iva's attendants Katha1s. ; of a mountain or mountainous
range (lying eastward of mount Meru) MBh. ; (%{atI}) f. N. of a river R.
maaM = me
maam.h = me
maamakaM = from Me
maamakaaH = my party (sons).
maamikaaM = My
maan * = cl. 1. 10. P. {mAnati}, {mAnayati}, to honour, respect Dhtup. xxxiv, 36 (cf.
{man}, of which {mAnayati} is the Caus.)
maana * = 1 m. ( %{man}) opinion, notion, conception, idea Tattvas. (cf. %{Atma-m}); purpose, wish, design AitBr.; self-conceit, arrogance, pride KaushUp. Mn. &c. (with
Buddhists one of the 6 evil feelings Dharmas. 67; or one of the 10 fetters to be got rid of.
MWB. 127); (also n.) consideration, regard, respect, honour Mn. MBh. &c.; a wounded
sense of honour, anger or indignation excited by jealousy (esp. in women), caprice,
sulking Ka1v. Das3ar. Sa1h.; N. of the father of Agastya (perhaps also of AAgastya
himself Pa1n2. the family of Ma1na) RV.; (in astron.) N. of the tenth house VarBr2S. (W.
also a blockhead [809,2]; an agent; a barbarian "').\\ 2 m. (3. %{mA}) a building,
house, dwelling RV.; an altar A1past.; (%{mAna4}) a preparation, decoction(?) RV. x,
144, 5; (%{I}) f. measure (see %{tiryan-m-}); a partic. measure "' (= 2 An5jalis) L.; n.
measuring. meting out Ka1tyS3r. Hariv. &c.; measure, measuring-cord, standard RV.

&c. &c.; dimension, size, height, length (in space and time), weight ib. (ifc.= fold see %
{zata4-m-}); a partic. measure or weight (= %{kRSNata} or %{raktikA}; accord. to Sch.
on TS. and KatyS3r. 100 Ma1nas= 5 Palas or Pan2as); form, appearance RV.; likeness,
resemblance S3is3.; (in phil.) proof. demonstration, means of proof (= %{pra-mANa}.
q.v.)
maanda * = 1 mf({A})n. (1. {mand}) `" gladdening "'N. of water in partic. formularies
VS. TS. Kthh. \\2 mfn. (fr. {manda}) relating to the higher apsis of a planet's course ({daM karma}, the process of correction for the apsis; {-dam phalam}, the equation of the
apsis) Sryas.; n. = {mAndya} g. {pRthv-Adi}.
maaNikya = perl
maanda * = 2 mfn. (fr. {manda}) relating to the higher apsis of a planet's course ({-daM
karma}, the process of correction for the apsis; {-dam phalam}, the equation of the
apsis) Sryas.; n. = {mAndya} g. {pRthv-Adi}.
maa.ngalika = auspicious
maa.nsaavasaadi = mAmsau+Adi, flesh+etc
maana =1: Respect * = m. ( {man}) opinion, notion, conception, idea Tattvas. (cf. {Atmam-}); purpose, wish, design AitBr.; self-conceit, arrogance, pride KaushUp. Mn. &c.
(with Buddhists one of the 6 evil feelings Dharmas. 67; or one of the 10 fetters to be got
rid of. MWB. 127); (also n.) consideration, regard, respect, honour Mn. MBh. &c.; a
wounded sense of honour, anger or indignation excited by jealousy (esp. in women),
caprice, sulking Kv. Das'ar. Sh.; N. of the father of Agastya (perhaps also of AAgastya

himself Pn. the family of Mna) RV.; (in astron.) N. of the tenth house VarBriS. (W. also
a blockhead [809, 2]; an agent; a barbarian "').\\2: *= m. (3. {mA}) a building, house,
dwelling RV.; an altar past.; ({mAna4}) a preparation, decoction(?) RV. x, 144, 5; ({I})
f. measure (see {tiryan-m-}); a partic. measure "' (= 2 Ajalis) L.; n. measuring. meting
out KtyS'r. Hariv. &c.; measure, measuring-cord, standard RV. &c. &c.; dimension,
size, height, length (in space and time), weight ib. (ifc.= fold see {zata4-m-}); a partic.
measure or weight (= {kRSNata} or {raktikA}; accord. to Sch. on TS. and KatyS'r. 100
Mnas= 5 Palas or Panas); form, appearance RV.; likeness, resemblance S'is'.; (in phil.)
proof. demonstration, means of proof (= {pra-mANa}. q.v.)
maanana* = mfn. (fr. Caus.) honouring, serving as a token of respect Nir.; n. and (%{A})
f. paying honour, showing respect MBh. Ka1v. &c.
maanasa* = mf(%{I}, once %{A})n. (fr. %{ma4nas}) belonging to the mind or spirit,
mental, spiritual (opp. to %{zArirA}, corporeal) VS. &c. &c.; expressed only in the mind,
performed in thought i.e. silent, tacit (as a hymn or prayer) S3rS. Mn. MBh.; conceived
or present in the mind, conceivable, imaginable R.; relating to or dwelling on the lake
Ma1nasa (see n. below) BhP.; m. a form of Vishn2u VP.; N. of a serpent-demon MBh.; of
a son of Vapush-mat Ma1rkP.; pl. a partic. class of deceased ancestors (regarded as sons
of Vasisht2ha) Cat.; a class of ascetics Ra1matUp.; N. of the Vais3yas in S3kadvi1pa
MBh.; of the worlds of the Soma-pa Hariv.; (%{I}) f. (with %{pUja}) mental or spiritual
devotion (opp. to %{mUrti-p-}, adoration of images) RTL. 524; N. of a Kim2-nari1
Ka1ran2d2.; of a Vidya1-devi1 L.; n. (ifc. f. %{A}) the mental powers, mind, spirit, heart,
soul (= %{manas} g. %{prajJA7di}) Kat2hUp. MBh. Ka1v. &c.; (in law) tacit or implied
consent W.; a kind of salt Ka1tyS3r. Sch.; the 25th mansion from that under which one is
born VarYogay.; (with or scil "' %{saras}, or %{tIrtha}) N. of a sacred like and place of
pilgrimage on mount Kaila1sa (the native place of the wild geese, which migrate to it

every year at the breeding season) MBh. Ka1v. Pur.; N. of wk. on S3ilpa or art.
maanava = human
maanavaH = a man
maanavadharma = humanity based ideology, prescribed behavior for humans
maanavaaH = human beings
maanavii = (adj) done by human
maanasa = mind
maanasaM = of the mind
maanasaH = within the mind
maanasaaH = from the mind
maanasika = of the mind
maaniindha* = m. N. of an astronomer (v.l. {mAnindha}; cf. {maNittha}). mAnin* = 1
mfn. (fr. {man} or fr. 1. {mAna}) thinking, being of opinion KathhUp.; high-minded,
haughty, proud towards ({pratI}) or of ({-tas}) MBh. Kv. &c.; highly honoured or
esteemed ib.; (ifc.) thinking (esp. one's self) to be or have, appearing as or passing for
(see {darzanIya-}, {paNDita-m-} &c.); highly esteeming or honouring (see f.); m.
Marsilia Dentata L.; ({inI}) f. a disdainful or sulky woman Kv.; (ifc.) the wife of (see

{madhu-mAninI} lit. `" highly esteeming her husband "'); Aglaia Odorata L.; a kind of
metre W. (prob. w.r. for {mAlinI}); N. of an Apsaras VP.; of a daughter of Vidrastha
and wife of Rjya-vardhana MrkP.
maaNi * = Vr2iddhi form of %{maNi} in comp.
maani * = in comp. for 1. %{mAnin}.
maanin* = 2 mfn. measuring, applying a measure, measurable VP.
maanmatha: *= mf(%{I})n. (fr. %{manmatha}) relating to or concerning love, produced
by love, filled with love &c. Ka1v.; belonging to the god of llove Vcar.
maantra * = mf(%{I})n, (fr. %{mantra}) proper or peculiar to Vedic or magical texts
MW.
maanushhaM = human
maanushhiiM = in a human form
maanushhe = in human society
maanusha * = or %{mAnuSa4} mf(%{I})n. (fr. %{manus}) belonging to mankind,
human RV. &c. &c. ; favourable or propitious to men, humane RV. AV. ; m. (ifc. f. %{A})
a man, human being (pl. the races of men, 5 in number) RV. &c. &c. ; N. of the signs of
the zodiac Gemini, Virgo, and Libra VarBr2S. ; (%{I}) f. a woman MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; (scil.
%{cikitsA}), human medicine "', a branch of medmedicine, the administering of drugs
(opp. to %{AsurI} and %{daivIcik-}) W. ; n. the condition or manner or action of men,

humanity, manhood RV. &c. &c. ; N. of a place Cat.

maanya* = mfn. to be respected or honoured, worthy of honour, respectable, venerable
Mn. MBh. &c.; ({mAnya4}) m. patr. fr. 1. {mA4na} RV. i, 163, 14, &c.; N. of
Maitrvaruni (author of RV.viii, 67) RAnukr.
maanyamaana* = m. (fr. %{manyamAna} see %{man}) the proud one RV. vii, 18, 20 (lit.
`" the son of the proud "' Sa1y. `" the son of Manyma1na "').
maapanadaNDaH = (m) ruler, scale
maapikaa = (f) scale, ruler
maaraya = (verbal stem) to kill
maarakata*= of the color or nature of emerald
maaraatmaka = habitual killer
maarakata * = mf({I})n. (fr. {marakata}) belonging to an emerald, having any of the
properties or qualities of an eemerald, coloured like an eemerald MBh. Kv. Pur.; m.
(with {dhAtu}) an emerald MBh.
maardavaM = gentleness
maarga = way (masc)
maargaH = a way, road, path, a means, search, inquiry, investigate

maargashiirshhaH = the month of November-December

maargaachala = mountain coming in the way
maarj * = (rather Caus. of %{mRj} q.v.) cl. 10. P. (Dha1tup. xxxii, 106 Vop.) %
{mArjayati}, to wipe, cleanse, purify ; to sound (?) Dha1tup. ib.
maarjana = cleaning
maarjanaM = correcting, rubbing
maarjaara = cat
maarsha * m. (cf. {mAriSa}) an honourable man, respectable person Buddh.;
Amaranthus Oleraceus Bhpr.
maartya * = n. (fr. {martya}) the corporeal part (of man), mortality BhP.
maaruta = wind
maarutaH = wind
maarutatulyavegam.h = with the speed equal to that of wind-god(his father
maarutiryasya = mArutiH+yasya, Hanuman+whose
maashha = (m) a gold coin

maasa = month
maasa* = m. (or n. Siddh.) the moon (see {pUrNa-m-}); a month or the 12th part of the
Hind year (there are 4 kinds of months, viz. the solar, {saura}; the natural, {sAvana};
the stellar, {nAkSatra}, and the lunar, {cA7ndra}; the latter, which is the most usual and
consists of 30 Tithis, being itself of two kinds as reckoned from the new or full moon cf.
IW. 179; for the names of the months see ib. 173 n. 3) RV. &c. &c. ({mAsam}, for a
month; {mAsam ekam}, for one month; {mAsena}, in the course of a month; {mAse}, in
a mmonth = after the lapse of a mmonth); a symbolical N. for the number `" twelve "'
Sryas.
maasha* = m. (n. g. {ardharcA7di}) a bean RV. &c. &c. (sg. the plant; pl. the fruit; in
later times = Phaseolus Radiatus, a valued kind of pulse having seeds marked with black
and grey spots); a partic. weight of gold (= 5 Kriishnalas= 1/10 Suvrna; the weight in
common use is said to be about 17 grains troy) Mn. Yj.; a cutaneous eruption
resembling beans L.; a fool, blockhead L.; N. of a man g. {bAhv-Adi}; pl. (with or scil.
{akRSTAH}) `" wild beans "'N. of a Riishi-gans (the children of S'u-rabhi, to whom RV.
ix, 86, 1-10 is ascribed) RAnukr. R. Hariv.; ({I}) f. see below.
maasI= relating to the black, to soot, darkening, the dark moon a new moon
maasaanaaM = of months
maata = mother
matha* = m. (Prkr. for {mRta}) the son of a Vais'ya and a Kuthi L.
maata* = 1 mfn. (for 2. and 3. see pp. 806 and 807) formed, made, composed (?) RV. v,

45, 6 (others, `" fr. {man} "', others, {mAtA}, mother "'; cf. {deva-mAta}).
maata* = 2 m. (for 1. see p. 804, col. 2; for 3. under 2. {mAtR}, p. 807, col. 2) metron.
fr. {mati4}; ({I4}) f. in {vA4n mAtI} TS. ({mAtyA4} VS. MaitrS.; cf. Pn. 4-1, 85 Vrtt. 1
Pat.)
maataa* = 1. 2 {mAtA-duhitR} &c. see col. 3. mAtA 2 nom. of %{mAtR}, in comp.
maata* = (for 1. and 2. see pp. 804 and 806) ifc. after a proper N. = {mAtR} Pn. 6-1, 14
Pat.
maataa* = 1 f. = {mAtR} (see {kAka-} and {vizva-m-}).\\* = 2 nom. of {mAtR}, in comp
maata.nga = Matang
maataraM = (fem.acc.Sing.)mother
maataa = mother
maataamaha = (m) grandfather (mother's father)
maataamahi = (f) grandmother (mother's mother)
maati * =f. measure, accurate knowledge L.; a partic. part of the body L.
maathi * =f. armour, mail L.
maatri *= 2 f. (derivation from 3. %{mA} very doubtful ; for 1. %{mA4tR} see p. 804,

col. 2) a mother, any mother (applicable to animals) RV. &c. &c. (sometimes ifc. e.g. %
{kuntI-m-}, having KKunti1 for a mother) ; du. father and mother, parents RV. iii, 3, 33
; vii, 2, 5 (also "', %{mAta4rA-pita4rA}, iv, 6, 7, and %{pita4rA-mAta4rA} Pa1n2. 6-3, 33
; cf. %{mAtarapitarau}, col. 2) ; the earth (du. heaven and earth) RV. ; (with or scil. %
{lokasya}), a cow MBh. ; (du. and pl.) the two pieces of wood used in kindling fire RV. (cf.
%{dvi-m-}) ; (pl.) the waters RV. (cf. %{saptam-} and Naigh. i, 13) ; (pl.) the divine
mothers or personified energies of the principal deities (sometimes reckoned as 7 in
number, viz. Bra1hmi1 or Brahma1n2i, Ma1hes3vari1, Kauma1ri1, Vaishn2avi1,
Va1ra1hi1, Indra1n2! or Aindri1 or Mihendri1, Ca1mun2d2a1 ; sometimes 8, viz.
Bra1hmi, Ma1hes3vari1, Kauma1ri, Vaishn2avi1, Va1ra1hi1, Raudri1, Carma-mun2d2a1,
Ka1la-sam2pkarshin2i1 ; sometimes 9, viz. Brahma1n2i1, Vaishn2avi1, Raudri1,
Va1ra1hi1, Na1rasin6hika1, Kauma1ri, Ma1hendri1, Ca1mun2d2a1, Can2d2ika1 ;
sometimes 16, viz. Gauri1, Padma1, S3aci1, Medha1, Sa1vitri1, Vijaya1, Jaya1, Devasena1, Sva-dha1, Sva1ha1, S3a1nti, Pusht2i, Dhr2iti, Tusht2i, A1tma-devata1 and Kuladevata1 ; they are closely connected with the worship of S3iva and are described as
attending on his son Skanda or Ka1rttikeya, to whom at first only 7 Ma1tr2is were
assigned, but later an innumerable number ; also the 13 wives of Kas3yapa are called, %
{lokAnAm@mAtaraH}) MBh. R. Pur. Hcat. (RTL. 222 &c.) ; (pl.) the 8 classes of female
ancestors (viz. mothers, grandmothers, great-grandmothers, paternal and maternal
aunts &c. Sam2ska1rak. ; but the word `" mother "' is also applied to other female
relatives and in familiar speech to elderly women generally) ; N. of Lakshmi1 Bhartr2. ;
of Durga1 L. ; of Da1ksha1yan2i in certain places Cat. ; accord. to L. also = a colocynth ;
Salvinia Cucullata, Nardostachys Jatamansi, Sphaerantus Indicus ; air, space ; the lower
mill-stone ; = %{vibhUti} ; %{-revatI}. [Cf. Gk., $, $ ; Lat. {mater} ; &244768[807,1]
Lith. {mote} ; Slav. {mati} ; Germ. {muotar}, {Mutter} ; Eng. {mother}.]
maatra * = m. a Bra1hman of the lowest order i.e. only by birth Hcat.; (%{A}) f. see s.v.;

n. an element, elementary matter BhP.; (ifc.) measure, quantity, sum, size, duration,
measure of any kind (whether of height, depth, breadth, length, distance, time or
number e.g. %{aGgula-mAtram}, a finger's breadth Pan5cat.; %{artha-mAtram}, a
certain sum of money ib.; %{kroza}. %{mAtre}, at the distance of a Kos Hit. [804,3]; %
{mAsa-mAtre}, in a month La1t2y.; %{zata-mAtram}, a hundred in number Katha1s.);
the full or simple measure of anything, the whole or totality, the one thing and no more,
often = nothing but, entirely, only (e.g. %{rAja-mAtram}, the whole class of kings
S3a1n3khSr.; %{bhaya-m-}, all that may be called danger, any danger VarBr2S.; %{ratim-}, nothing but sensuality Mn.; %{zabda-mAtreNa}, only by a sound S3ak.); mf(%{A}
and %{I})n. (ifc.) having the measure of i.e. as large or high or long or broad or deep or
far or much or many (cf. %{aGguSTha-}, %{tAla-}, %{bAhu-}, %{yava-}, %{tavan-}, %
{etavan} mmany); Possessing (only) as much as or no more than (cf. %{prA7NayAsrika-m-}); amounting (only) to (pleonastically after numerals; cf. %{tri-m-}); being
nothing but, simply or merely (cf. %{padAti-}, %{manuSya-m-}; after a pp. = scarcely,
as soon as, merely, just e.g. %{jAta-m-}, scarcely or just born Mn.; %{kRSTa-m-},
merely ploughed Ka1tyS3r.; %{bhukta-mAtre}, immediately after eating Mn.)
maatraa * = f. measure (of any kind), quantity, size, duration, number, degree &c. RV.
&c. &c. (%{bhUyasyA@mAtrayA}, in a higher degree Lalit.); unit of measure, foot
VarBr2S.; unit of time, moment Sus3r. Sa1rn3gS. (= %{nimeSa} VP.; ifc. = lasting so
many moments Gaut.); metrical unit, a mora or prosodial instant i.e. the length of time
required to pronounce a short vowel (a long vowel contains 2 Ma1tra1s, and a prolated
vowel 3) Pra1t.; musical unit of time (3 in number) Pan5cat.; (only once ifc.) the full
measure of anything (= %{mAtra}) Hariv. 7125; right or correct measure, order RV.
ChUp.; a minute portion, particle, atom, trifle S3Br. &c. &c. (%{ayA}, ind. in small
portions, in slight measure, moderately Das3. Sus3r.; %{AyAm} ind. a little Gan2ar.; %
{rAje7ti@kiyatI@mAtrA}, of what account is a king? a king is a mere trifle Pan5cat.; %

{kA@mAtrA@samudrasya}, what is the importance of the sea? the sea will easily be
managed ib.; an element (5 in number) BhP.; matter, the material world MaitrUp. MBh.
BhP.; materials, property, goods, household, furniture, money, wealth, substance,
livelihood (alsopl.) Vas. Mn. MBh. &c.; a mirror Vishn2.; an ear-ring, jewel, ornament
Ka1d.; the upper or horizontal limb of the Na1gari1 characters W.
maatratas* = ind. (ifc.) from the first moment of (cf. {bhUmi-STha-m-}).
maatratA* = f. (ifc.) the being as much as, no more nor less than anything S'ankar.
maatratraya* = mfn. threefold MrkP.
maatratva* = n. = {-tA} Veda7ntas.
maatrarAja* = m. (with {anaGgaharSa}) N. of a poet Cat.
maatraka* = (ifc.) = {mAtra} MBh. Kv. &c.; ({ikA}) f. = {mAtrA}, a prosodial instant
RPrt. (cf. {mAtrika}).
maatrAkRta* = mfn. (a metre) regulated by morae L.
maatrAvat* = mfn. containing a partic. measure KtyS'r. Sus'r.
maatra* = m. a Brhman of the lowest order i.e. only by birth Hcat.; ({A}) f. see s.v.; n.
an element, elementary matter BhP.; (ifc.) measure, quantity, sum, size, duration,
measure of any kind (whether of height, depth, breadth, length, distance, time or
number e.g. {aGgula-mAtram}, a finger's breadth Pacat.; {artha-mAtram}, a certain
sum of money ib.; {kroza}. {mAtre}, at the distance of a Kos Hit. [804,3]; {mAsa-

mAtre}, in a month Lthy.; {zata-mAtram}, a hundred in number Kaths.); the full or

simple measure of anything, the whole or totality, the one thing and no more, often =
nothing but, entirely, only (e.g. {rAja-mAtram}, the whole class of kings S'nkhSr.;
{bhaya-m-}, all that may be called danger, any danger VarBriS.; {rati-m-}, nothing but
sensuality Mn.; {zabda-mAtreNa}, only by a sound S'ak.); mf({A} and {I})n. (ifc.) having
the measure of i.e. as large or high or long or broad or deep or far or much or many (cf.
{aGguSTha-}, {tAla-}, {bAhu-}, {yava-}, {tavan-}, {etavan} mmany); Possessing (only)
as much as or no more than (cf. {prA7Na-yAsrika-m-}); amounting (only) to
(pleonastically after numerals; cf. {tri-m-}); being nothing but, simply or merely (cf.
{padAti-}, {manuSya-m-}; after a pp. = scarcely, as soon as, merely, just e.g. {jAta-m-},
scarcely or just born Mn.; {kRSTa-m-}, merely ploughed KtyS'r.; {bhukta-mAtre},
immediately after eating Mn.)
maatrA* = f. measure (of any kind), quantity, size, duration, number, degree &c. RV. &c.
&c. ({bhUyasyA mAtrayA}, in a higher degree Lalit.); unit of measure, foot VarBriS.;
unit of time, moment Sus'r. SrngS. (= {nimeSa} VP.; ifc. = lasting so many moments
Gaut.); metrical unit, a mora or prosodial instant i.e. the length of time required to
pronounce a short vowel (a long vowel contains 2 Mtrs, and a prolated vowel 3) Prt.;
musical unit of time (3 in number) Pacat.; (only once ifc.) the full measure of anything
(= {mAtra}) Hariv. 7125; right or correct measure, order RV. ChUp.; a minute portion,
particle, atom, trifle S'Br. &c. &c. ({ayA}, ind. in small portions, in slight measure,
moderately Das'. Sus'r.; {AyAm} ind. a little Ganar.; {rAje7ti kiyatI mAtrA}, of what
account is a king? a king is a mere trifle Pacat.; {kA mAtrA samudrasya}, what is the
importance of the sea? the sea will easily be managed ib.; an element (5 in number)
BhP.; matter, the material world MaitrUp. MBh. BhP.; materials, property, goods,
household, furniture, money, wealth, substance, livelihood (alsopl.) Vas. Mn. MBh. &c.;
a mirror Vishn.; an ear-ring, jewel, ornament Kd.; the upper or horizontal limb of the

Ngar characters W.
maatra* = {-traka} &c. see p. 804, cols. 2, 3.
maatri = mother
maatri-bhaava = The 4th house of Mother
maatra = only
maatra* = m. a Brhman of the lowest order i.e. only by birth Hcat.; ({A}) f. see s.v.; n.
an element, elementary matter BhP.; (ifc.) measure, quantity, sum, size, duration,
measure of any kind (whether of height, depth, breadth, length, distance, time or
number e.g. {aGgula-mAtram}, a finger's breadth Pacat.; {artha-mAtram}, a certain
sum of money ib.; {kroza}. {mAtre}, at the distance of a Kos Hit. [804, 3]; {mAsamAtre}, in a month Lthy.; {zata-mAtram}, a hundred in number Kaths.); the full or
simple measure of anything, the whole or totality, the one thing and no more, often =
nothing but, entirely, only (e.g. {rAja-mAtram}, the whole class of kings S'nkhSr.;
{bhaya-m-}, all that may be called danger, any danger VarBriS.; {rati-m-}, nothing but
sensuality Mn.; {zabda-mAtreNa}, only by a sound S'ak.); mf({A} and {I})n. (ifc.) having
the measure of i.e. as large or high or long or broad or deep or far or much or many (cf.
{aGguSTha-}, {tAla-}, {bAhu-}, {yava-}, {tavan-}, {etavan} mmany); Possessing (only)
as much as or no more than (cf. {prA7Na-yAsrika-m-}); amounting (only) to
(pleonastically after numerals; cf. {tri-m-}); being nothing but, simply or merely (cf.
{padAti-}, {manuSya-m-}; after a pp. = scarcely, as soon as, merely, just e.g. {jAta-m-},
scarcely or just born Mn.; {kRSTa-m-}, merely ploughed KtyS'r.; {bhukta-mAtre},
immediately after eating Mn.)

maa4traa * = f. measure (of any kind), quantity, size, duration, number, degree &c. RV.
&c. &c. ({bhUyasyA mAtrayA}, in a higher degree Lalit.); unit of measure, foot VarBriS.;
unit of time, moment Sus'r. SrngS. (= {nimeSa} VP.; ifc. = lasting so many moments
Gaut.); metrical unit, a mora or prosodial instant i.e. the length of time required to
pronounce a short vowel (a long vowel contains 2 Mtrs, and a prolated vowel 3) Prt.;
musical unit of time (3 in number) Pacat.; (only once ifc.) the full measure of anything
(= {mAtra}) Hariv. 7125; right or correct measure, order RV. ChUp.; a minute portion,
particle, atom, trifle S'Br. &c. &c. ({ayA}, ind. in small portions, in slight measure,
moderately Das'. Sus'r.; {AyAm} ind. a little Ganar.; {rAje7ti kiyatI mAtrA}, of what
account is a king? a king is a mere trifle Pacat.; {kA mAtrA samudrasya}, what is the
importance of the sea? the sea will easily be managed ib.; an element (5 in number)
BhP.; matter, the material world MaitrUp. MBh. BhP.; materials, property, goods,
household, furniture, money, wealth, substance, livelihood (alsopl.) Vas. Mn. MBh. &c.;
a mirror Vishn.; an ear-ring, jewel, ornament Kd.; the upper or horizontal limb of the
Ngar characters W.
maatraasparshaH = sensory perception
maatula = maternal uncle
maatulaaH = maternal uncles
maatulaan.h = maternal uncles
maaya * = mfn. (3. {mA}) measuring (see {dhAnya-m-}); creating illusions (said of
Vishnu) MBh.; ({A}) f. see below.

maayaa * = f. art, wisdom, extraordinary or supernatural power (only in the earlier

language); illusion, unreality, deception, fraud, trick, sorcery, witchcraft magic RV. &c.
&c.; an unreal or illusory image, phantom, apparition ib. (esp. ibc= false, unreal,
illusory; cf. comp.); duplicity (with Buddhists one of the 24 minor evil passions)
Dharmas. 69 (in phil.) Illusion (identified in the Snkhya with Prakriiti or Pradhna and
in that system, as well as in the Veda7nta, regarded as the source of the visible universe)
IW. 83; 108; (with S'aivas) one of the 4 Ps'as or snares which entangle the soul Sarvad.
MW.; (with Vaishnavas) one of the 9 S'aktis or energies of Vishnu L.; Illusion personified
(sometimes identified with Durg, sometimes regarded as a daughter of Anriita and
Nirriiti or Nikriiti and mother of Mriityu, or as a daughter of Adharma) Pur.;
compassion, sympathy L.; Convolvulus Turpethum L.; N. of the mother of Gautama
Buddha MWB. 24; of Lakshm W.; of a city Cat.; of 2 metres Col.; du. ({mAye indrasya})
N. of 2 Smans ArshBr.
maayaavaada* = m. the doctrine affirming the world to be illusion (applied to the
doctrine of the Vednta and of Buddhism) Cat.; {-khaNDana} n. ({-na-TippaNI} f. {-naTIkA} f.), {khaNDa-vivaraNa} n. {-saMdUSaNI} f. N. of wks.
maayayaa = by the illusory energy
maayaa = Unreality, illusion, prakRitii
maayaametaaM = this illusory energy
maayaatmaka *= (%{mAyA7tm-}) mf(%{ikA})n. consisting of illusion , essentially
illusory W.

maayaayantra * = n. instrument of illusion "', enchantment (ibc. = enchanted, magical,

e. g. %{-tra-vimAna} m. n. an enchenchanted chariot, magical car) Katha1s.
maayaayin * = mfn. = %{mAyA-vi4n} above MW.
maayaayodhin * = mfn. fighting illusively or with deceitful artifices MBh.
maayaayoga * = m. the application or employment of illusion, emplemployment of
magical arts R. BhP.
maayi * = in comp. for %{mAyin}.
maayibhairavatantra * = n. N. of a Tantra (cf. %{mAyika-bhairava}).
maayika * = mfn. illusory , creating illusion Pan5car. ; practising deceit , deceiving
others L. ; m. a conjurer , juggler L. ; n. or (%{A}) f. a gall-nut L.
maayikabhairava * = n. N. of a Tantra.
maayikAya * = m. N. of a grammarian TPra1t.
maayimatakhaNDana * = n. N. of wk.
maayin * = mfn. artful , skilled in art or enchantment , cunning , deceptive , illusory (%
{-yi-tA} f.) RV. AV. S3vetUp. &c. ; subject to illusion BhP. ; m. a conjurer , juggler ,
magician Katha1s. ; a cheat , deceiver W. ; N. of Brahrna1 L. ; of S3iva L. ; of Agni L. ; of
Ka1ma L. ; n. magic , magical art BhP. (cf. %{durm-}) ; a gall-nut L.

maayiphala * = n. a gall-nut L.
maayIya mfn. proceeding from Ma1ya Harav.
machchittaH = in consciousness of Me
machchittaaH = their minds fully engaged in Me
mad.hbhaktaH = My devotee
mad.hbhaktiM = My devotional service
mad.hbhaavaM = transcendental love for Me
mad.hvyapaashrayaH = under My protection
madhya *= mf(%{A})n. middle (used like {medius} e.g. %{ma4dhye} %{samudre4}, `"
in the midst of the sea "') RV. VPra1t. Kat2hUp. ; middlemost, intermediate, central Var.
Megh. ; standing between two, impartial, neutral Ka1m. ; middle i.e. being of a middle
kind or size or quality, middling, moderate (with %{vRtti} f. `" a middle course "')
La1t2y. Mn. Sus3r. &c. ; (in astron.) mean i.e. theoretical (opp. to %{spaSTa}, or %
{sphuTa}) Su1ryas. (%{-tva} n.) ; lowest, worst L. ; m. n. (ifc. f. %{A}) the middle of the
body, (esp.) a woman's waist S3Br. &c. &c. ; (in alg.) the middle term or the mean of
progression Col. ; (%{A}) f. a young woman, a girl arrived at puberty Sa1h. ; the middle
finger L. ; (in music) a partic. tone Sam2gi1t. ; (also n.) a kind of metre Col. ; n. (m. g. %
{ardharcA7di}) the middle, midst, centre, inside, interior RV. &c. &c. (%{am} ind. into
the midst of, into, among, with gen. or ifc. MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; %{ena} ind. in or through the
midst of, on the inside, through, between, with gen. acc. or ifc. S3Br. MBh. &c. ; %{At}

ind. from the midst of. out of. from among R. Hariv. &c. ; %{e} ind. see s.v.) ; the middle
of the sky (with or scil. %{nabhasas}) Mn. MBh. ; space between (e.g. %{bhruvos}, the
eye brows) MBh. ; midday (with %{ahnaH}), Ma1av. ; the meridian Ma1lati1m. ;
intermediate condition between (gen.) R. ; the belly, abdomen Kum. ; the flank of a horse
L. ; (in music) mean time Sam2gi1t. ; ten thousand billions MBh. ; cessation, pause,
interval L. ; N. of a country between Sindh and Hindu1stan proper Cat. [Cf. Zd.
{maidhya} ; Gk. $, $ for $ ; Lat. &237399[781,3] {medius} ; Goth. {midjis3} ; Eng.
{mid} in {midland}, {midnight} &c.]
madhyaa *= ind. in the middle, between, among (gen.) RV. i, 89, 9 &c. ; meanwhile ib.
x, 61, 6.
madhyama* = mf({A})n. (superl. of {ma4dhya}) middle (used like Lat. {medius} e.g.
{madhyaime gulme}, `" in the midst of the troop "') MBh. R.; being or placed in the
middle, middlemost, intermediate, central RV. &c. &c.; middle-born (neither youngest
nor oldest), Venis.; of a middle kind or size or quality, middling, moderate TS. &c. &c.;
standing between two persons or parties, impartial, neutral MBh. Kv. &c.; (in astron.)
mean (cf. {madhya}) Sryas.; relating to the meridian ib.; m. the middlemost prince
(whose territory lies between that of a king seeking conquest and that of his foe) Mn. vii,
155; the middle character in plays IW. 473; the midland country (= {madhya-deza}) L.;
(in music) the 4th or 5th note Sangt.; the middlemost of the 3 scales ib.; a partic. Rga
ib.; (in gram.) the 2nd person (= {-puruSa}) Pn.; the governor of a province L.; a kind
of antelope L.; N. of the 18th Kalpa (s.v.) Cat.; pl. a class of gods S'nkhSr.; (with
Buddhists) N. of a partic. Buddh. sect Sarvad.; m. n. the middle of the body, waist MBh.
R. &c.; ({A}) f. the womb TBr.; the middle finger Kaus'. Sus'r.; midnight L.; a girl
arrived at puberty L.; the pericarp of a lotus L.; a central blossom W.; a kind of metre L.;
(in music) a partic. Mrchan Sangt.; n. the middle APrt.; mediocrity, defectiveness,

S'riingr.; N. of the 12th (14th) Knda of the S'Br.; (in astron.) the meridian ecliptic
point Sryas.
mada = Intoxication * = m. hilarity, rapture, excitement, inspiration, intoxication RV.
&c. &c.; (du. wite {madasya}N. of 2 Smans rshBr.); ardent passion for (comp.) MBh.;
(ifc. f. {A}) sexual desire or enjoyment, wantonness, lust, ruttishness, rut (esp. of an
elephant) MBh. Kv. &c.; (ifc. f. {A}), pride, arrogance, presumption, conceit of or about
(gen. or comp.) ib.; any exhilarating or intoxicating drink, spirituous liquor, wine, Soma
RV. &c. &c,; honey Ragh.; the fluid or juice that exudes from a rutting elephant's temples
MBh. Kv. &c.; semen virile L.; musk L.; any beautiful object L.; a river L.; N. of the 7th
astrol. mansion Var.; Intoxication or Insanity personified (as a monster created by
Cyavana) MBh.; N. of a son of Brahm VP.; of a Dnava Hariv.; of a servant of S'iva
BhP.; ({I}) f. any agricultural implement (as a plough &c.) L.; n. N. of 2 Smans rshBr.
madaandha = blind from lust
madaanvitaaH = absorbed in the conceit
madaashrayaH = in consciousness of Me (KRishhNa consciousness)
madaM = illusion
madana = manmatha (god of Love)* = m. (ifc. f. {A}) passion, love or the god of love
MBh. Kv. &c.; a kind of embrace L.; the season of spring L.; a bee L.; (?) bees-wax (see
{paTTikA}); Vanguiera Spinosa Sus'r.; a thorn-apple and various other plants (e.g.
Phaseolus Radiatus, Acacia Catechu &c.) L.; a bird L.; (in music) a kind of measure
Sangt.; (in astrol.) N. of the 7th mansion Var.; N. of various men and authors (also with

{AcArya}, {bhaTTa}, {sarasvatI} &c.; cf. below) Rjat. Inscr. Cat.; ({A}) f. any
intoxicating drink, spirituous liquor L.; ({I}) f. id. L.; musk L.; N. of a plant (=
{atimukta}) L.; the civet-cat L.; n. the act of intoxicating or exhilarating MW.; (scil.
{astra})N. of a mythical weapon R. (v.l. {mAdana}); bees-wax L.; mfn. = {mandra4} Nir.
madanaM = god of love, Cupid
madanugrahaaya = just to show me favor
madarthaM = for My sake
madarthe = for my sake
madayat * = mfn. (fr. Caus.) intoxicating &c.; (%{antI}) f. Arabian or wild jasmine L.;
N. of the wife of Kalma1sha-pa1da or Mitra-saha MBh. Pur.
madira = (f) wine
madiiya = Mine
madgatapraaNaaH = their lives devoted to Me
madgatena = abiding in Me, always thinking of Me
madbhaktaH = engaged in My devotional service
madbhaavaM = My nature

madbhaavaaH = born of Me
madbhaavaaya = to My nature
madbandhanasamudbhava* = mfn. causel by the binding of me i.e. by my bondage ib.
madbhakta* = mfn. devoted to me ib.
madbhAva* = m. my essence ib.
madbhU* = P. {-bhavati}, to become I ib
madya = liqour
madyaajii = My worshiper
madhu = Sweet * = mf({U8} or {vI})n. (gen. n. Ved. {ma4dhvas}, {ma4dhos}, or
{ma4dhunas}; instr. {ma4dhvA}; dat. {ma4dhune}; loc. {ma4dhau}) sweet, delicious,
pleasant, charming, delightful RV. TS.; bitter or pungent L.; m. N. of the first month of
the year (= Caitra, March-April) S'Br. &c. &c.; the season of spring Var. Klid.; Bassia
Latifolia L.; Jonesia Asoka L.; liquorice L.; N. of S'iva MBh.; of two Asuras (the one killed
by Vishnu, the other by S'atru-ghna) MBh. Hariv. Pur.; of one of the 7 sages under Manu
Ckshusha MrkP.; of a son of the third Manu Hariv.; of various princes (of a son of
Vriisha, of Deva-kshatra, of Bindu-mat, of Arjuna Krtavirya) Hariv. Pur.; of a son of
Bhaththa-nryana, Kshitti7s of a teacher (= {madhva} or {ananda-tIrtha}) Col.; of a
mountain MrkP.; (pl.) the race of Madhu (= the Ydavas or Mthuras) MBh. Hariv.
BhP.; ({u}) f. a partic. plant (= {jIvA} or {jIvantI}) L.; n. anything sweet (esp. if liquid),
mead &c. RV. AV. TBr.; Soma (also {somyam madhu}) RV.; honey (said to possess

intoxicating qualities and to be of 8 kinds; {madhuno leha} m. licker of honey a bee W.)
RV. &c. &c.; milk or anything produced from milk (as butter, ghee &c.) RV. VS. GriS'rS.;
the juice or nectar of flowers, any sweet intoxicating drink, wine or spirituous liquor Kv.
Var. Sh. [779, 3]; sugar L.; water L.; pyrites Bhpr.; N. of a Brhmana S'Br.; a kind of
metre Col. [Cf. Gk., $, $, Slav. {medu8}; Lith. &236803[779, 3] {midu4s}, {medu4s};
Germ, {meth}; Eng. {mead}.]
madhukara = bee
madhukarii = bee
madhukarkaTi = (f) papaya
madhukoshaH = (m) beehive
madhumakshikaa = (f) bee
madhumehaH = diabetes
madhura = sweet
madhuraM = sweet
madhuratva = sweetness
madhuraaksharam.h = sweet letter(s)
madhusuudana = O killer of the demon Madhu (KRishhNa)

madhusuudanaH = the killer of Madhu

madhusphiitaa = sweet
madhya = middle *= mf(%{A})n. middle (used like {medius} e.g. %{ma4dhye} %
{samudre4}, `" in the midst of the sea "') RV. VPra1t. Kat2hUp. ; middlemost,
intermediate, central Var. Megh. ; standing between two, impartial, neutral Ka1m. ;
middle i.e. being of a middle kind or size or quality, middling, moderate (with %{vRtti} f.
`" a middle course "') La1t2y. Mn. Sus3r. &c. ; (in astron.) mean i.e. theoretical (opp. to
%{spaSTa}, or %{sphuTa}) Su1ryas. (%{-tva} n.) ; lowest, worst L. ; m. n. (ifc. f. %{A})
the middle of the body, (esp.) a woman's waist S3Br. &c. &c. ; (in alg.) the middle term
or the mean of progression Col. ; (%{A}) f. a young woman, a girl arrived at puberty
Sa1h. ; the middle finger L. ; (in music) a partic. tone Sam2gi1t. ; (also n.) a kind of
metre Col. ; n. (m. g. %{ardharcA7di}) the middle, midst, centre, inside, interior RV. &c.
&c. (%{am} ind. into the midst of, into, among, with gen. or ifc. MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; %{ena}
ind. in or through the midst of, on the inside, through, between, with gen. acc. or ifc.
S3Br. MBh. &c. ; %{At} ind. from the midst of. out of. from among R. Hariv. &c. ; %{e}
ind. see s.v.) ; the middle of the sky (with or scil. %{nabhasas}) Mn. MBh. ; space
between (e.g. %{bhruvos}, the eye brows) MBh. ; midday (with %{ahnaH}), Ma1av. ; the
meridian Ma1lati1m. ; intermediate condition between (gen.) R. ; the belly, abdomen
Kum. ; the flank of a horse L. ; (in music) mean time Sam2gi1t. ; ten thousand billions
MBh. ; cessation, pause, interval L. ; N. of a country between Sindh and Hindu1stan
proper Cat. [Cf. Zd. {maidhya} ; Gk. $, $ for $ ; Lat. &237399[781,3] {medius} ; Goth.
{midjis3} ; Eng. {mid} in {midland}, {midnight} &c.]
madhaa*= ind. in the middle, between, among (gen.) RV. i, 89, 9 &c. ; meanwhile ib. x,
61, 6.

madhyaM = middle
madhyama = medium
madhyamaruupaM = having this form in the middle
madhyastha = mediators between belligerents
madhyaani = in the middle
madhyaayu = Medium span of life 32-75 years
madhye = among, in
madhyonnatakaachaH = (m) magnifying lens
magadha * = m. the country of the Magadhas, South Behr (pl. the people of that
country) AV. &c. &c.; a minstrel who sings the praises of a chief's ancestry L.; ({A}) f. the
town of the MMagadhas L.; long pepper Sus'r.
maghavan * = (%{magha4-}.) mfn. (middle stem %{magha4-vat} [which may be used
throughout], weak stem %{magho4n} ; nom. m. %{magha4vA} or %{-vAn} f. %
{magho4nI} or %{maghavatI} [Vop.] ; n. %{maghavat} ; nom. pl. m. once %
{magho4nas} ; cf. Pa1n2. 6-4, 128 ; 133), possessing or distributing gifts, bountiful,
liberal, munificent (esp. said of Indra and other gods, but also of institutors of sacrifices
who pay the priests and singers) RV. AV. TS. S3Br. Up. ; m. N. of Indra (also pl. %{vantaH}) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; of a Vya1sa or arranger of the Pura1n2as Cat. ; of a Da1nava
Hariv. ; of the 3rd Cakra-vartin in Bha1rata L. ; %{-vat-tva4} n. liberality, munificence

RV. ; %{-van-nagara} n. `" Indra's city "'N. of a town Ra1jat. ; %{-van-mukta-kuliza} m.

or n. (?) the thunderbolt hurled by Indra Bhartr2.
magna = (adj) immersed
maghaa = Also known as makka. Tenth nakshatra
maha * = 1 mfn. great, mighty, strong, abundant RV.; m. (cf. {makha}, {magha}) a feast,
festival MBh.; the festival of spring S'is'. Hariv. Var. [794, 2]; a partic. Eka7ha
S'nkhS'r.; a sacrifice L.; a buffalo L.; light, lustre, brilliance L.; ({A}) f. a cow L.;
Ichnocarpus Frutescens L.; n. pl. great deeds RV.
maha * = 2 in comp. for {mahA} before {R} and before {r} for {R}.
mahaa * = in comp. for {mahat} (in RV. ii, 22, 1 and iii, 23; 49, 1 used for {mahat} as an
independent word in acc. sg. {mahA4m} = {mahAntam}).
mahaa * = {mahA-kaGkara} &c. see p. 794, col. 3.
mahaa = Big
mahaabhaaga * = mf({A})n. one to whom a grgreat portion or lot has fallen, highly
fortunate, eminent in the highest degree, illustrious, highly distinguished (mostly of
persons and frequently in address) Mn. MBh. Hariv. &c.; virtuous in a high degree, pure,
holy W.; m. grgreat luck, prosperity MW.; N. of a king VP.; ({A}) f. N. of Dkshyan in
Maha7laya Cat.; {-tA} f. (W.) or {-tva} n. (MW.) high excellence, grgreat good fortune,
exalted station or merit; the possessing of the 8 cardinal virtues.

mahaabaahuH = mighty-armed
mahaabaaho = O mighty-armed one
mahaabhaarataH = epic Mahabharat, part of itihas (history)
mahaabandha = types of mudraa
mahaabalau = (two)great powerful persons
mahaabhuutaanii = the great elements
mahaadeva = the great god - Shiva
mahaadhaatu* = m. `" great metal or element "', gold L.; lymph L.; N. of S'iva MBh. (=
{meru-parvata} Nlak.)
mahaadoshhaat.h = from the great defects, wrongs
mahaajanaH = great man
mahaakaavya = epic poem, very long poem
mahaakalpa* = m. a great cycle of time MBh. Pur. Buddh.; N. of S3iva MBh. (= %{divyabhUSaNa} Sch.)
mahaamudraa = types of mudraa

mahaan.h = great
mahaanadyaaM = in the great river
mahaanubhavaan.h = great souls
mahaapaataka = great sins
mahaapaapaat.h = from the great sins
mahaapaapmaa = greatly sinful
mahaapurushhayoga = Combination for an extraordinary personality. Usually a planet is
in Exaltation and in a Kendra (Angular sign or house)
mahaaraajika* = m. N. of Vishnu MBh.; {-deva} pl. (with Buddhists) N. of a class of gods
(the inhabitants of the lowest heaven) MWB. 206. 2
mahaarathaH = great fighter
mahaarathaaH = great chariot fighters
mahaaraashhtra = Indian state
mahaarha = great (those that deserve to be called great)
mahaasanni * = m. (in music) a kind of measure Sam2gi1t

mahaashankhaM = the terrific conchshell

mahaashanaH = all-devouring
mahaatattva * = n. `" the grgreat principle "', Intellect (second of the Snkhya Tattvas;
see {mahat}); ({A}) f. N. of one of Durg's attendants W. // mahatattvam * = n. `" the
great principle "', Intellect (see above) BhPn. `" the grgreat principle "', Intellect
(second of the Sa1m2khya Tattvas; see %{mahat}); (%{A}) f. N. of one of Durga1's
attendants W.
mahaatman.h = great man
mahaatman* = (%{-hA7t-}) mfn. `" high-souled "', magnanimous, having a grgreat or
noble nature, high-minded, noble Mn. MBh. R. &c.; highly gifted, exceedingly wise
Pan5cat.; eminent, mighty, powerful, distinguished MBh. R. Pan5cat. Sus3r.; m. the
Supreme Spirit, grgreat soul of the universe MaitrUp. Mn.; the grgreat principle i.e.
Intellect BhP.; (scil. %{gaNa})N. of a class of deceased ancestors Ma1rkP.; of a son of
Dhi1-mat VP.; %{-ma-vat} mfn. `" high-souled "', highly gifted, very wise Ka1m.; %{tmya} mfn. magnanimous MW.; n. w.r. for %{mAhAtmya} (q.v.) PadmaP. Das3.
mahaatmanaH = the great souls
mahaatmaa = Great man
mahaatmaanaH = the great souls
mahaatala* = n. N. of the 6th of the 7 lower worlds or regions under the earth inhabited
by the Ngas &c. (see {pAtAla}) runUp. Pur. &c. (IW. 431 n. 1).

mahaatithi* = f. the great lunar day, the 6th day of a lunation MBh
mahaatman* = ({-hA7t-}) mfn. `" high-souled "', magnanimous, having a grgreat or
noble nature, high-minded, noble Mn. MBh. R. &c.; highly gifted, exceedingly wise
Pacat.; eminent, mighty, powerful, distinguished MBh. R. Pacat. Sus'r.; m. the
Supreme Spirit, grgreat soul of the universe MaitrUp. Mn.; the grgreat principle i.e.
Intellect BhP.; (scil. {gaNa})N. of a class of deceased ancestors MrkP.; of a son of Dhmat VP.; {-ma-vat} mfn. `" high-souled "', highly gifted, very wise Km.; {-tmya} mfn.
magnanimous MW.; n. w.r. for {mAhAtmya} (q.v.) PadmaP. Das'.
mahaayogeshvaraH = the most powerful mystic
mahaayuga * = n. a grgreat Yuga or YYuga of the gods (= 4 Yugas of mortals or the
aggregate of the Kriita, Tret, Dvpara and Kali Yugas = 4, 320, 000 years; a day and a
night of Brahm comprise 2, 000 Mah-yugas) Sryas. (IW. 178).
mahaavighnaat.h = from the great obstacles
mahat.h = great man
mahat-tattva: *= "the great principle, the Intellect
mahaatattva* = n. `" the grgreat principle "', Intellect (second of the Snkhya Tattvas;
see {mahat}); ({A}) f. N. of one of Durg's attendants W.
mahataH = from very great
mahataa = great

mahati = in a great
mahatiiM = great
mahadavadhaanaM = great care \& attention
mahadyoniH = source of birth in the material substancemahaapadma* = m. (L.) or n. a
partic. high number MBh. R. Ll.; m. N. of one of the 9 treasures of Kubera Cat. L.; (with
Jainas) N. of a partic. treasure inhabited by a Nga L.; of one of the 8 ttreasure
connected with the Padmini magical art MrkP.; of a hell DivyA7v. (one of the 8 cold
hells Dharmas. 122); a kind of serpent Sus'r.; N. of a Nga dwelling in the Mah-padma
treasure mentioned above Hariv. VP. &c.; of the southernmost of the elephants that
support the earth MBh. R. (IW. 432); of Nanda Pur.; of a son of NNanda Buddh.; of a
Dnava Hariv.; a Kin-nara or attendant on Kubera MW.; a species of esculent root L.; n.
a white lotus flower L.; the figure of a whwhite llotus flflower Kaths. MrkP.
RmatUp.; a partic. compound of oil Car.; N. of a city on the right bank of the Ganges
MBh.; m. or n. (?) N. of a Kvya; {-pati} m. `" proprietor of millions "'N. of Nanda BhP.;
{-saras} or {-salila} n. N. of a lake Rjat.
mahan *= n. greatness, might, power, abundance (only instr. sg. %{mahnA4} and once
pl. %{maha4bhiH}, which also = greatly, mightily, right heartily) RV.
mahaniiya = great person
maharshhayaH = great sages
mahar* = ind. (for {mahas}) the fourth of the seven worlds which rise one above the
other (supposed to be the abode of those saints who survive a destruction of the world

Pur.; Veda7ntas; cf. IW. 55 n. 2).

maharshi* = m. a great Riishi, any great sage or saint (accord. to Mn. i, 34 ten
Maharshis were created by Manu Svyambhuva, viz. Marci, Atri, Angiras, Pulastya,
Pulaha, Kratu, Pracetas, Vasishthha, Bhriigu, Nrada, also called the 10 Prajpatis, q.v.;
some restrict the number to 7, and some add Daksha, Dharma, Gautama, Kanva,
Vlmki, Vysa, Manu, Vibhndaka &c.) Mn. MBh. &c. (IW. 206 n. 1); N. of S'iva S'ivag.;
of Buddha L.; of a poet Cat.
maharshhi = great sages
maharshhiiNaaM = of the great sages
mahaaviira = Mahavir
mahi *V= the land, the earth, the planets, the glory
mahi * = 1 mfn. (only nom. acc. sg. n.) = {maha4t}, great RV. AV. VS.; ind. greatly, very,
exceedingly, much ib. S'nkhS'r.; m. n. greatness BhP.; m. = {mahat}, intellect ib.; f. = 1.
{mahI4} the earth L. (in comp. not always separable from 1. {mahi4n} q.v.)
mahii * = 1 f. (cf. 2. {ma4h}), the great world "', the earth (cf. {urvI}, {pRthivI}) RV. &c.
&c. (in later language also = ground, soil, land, country); earth (as a substance) Mn. vii,
70; the base of a triangle or other plane figure Col.; space RV. iii, 56, 2; v, 44, 6 &c.; a
host, army ib. iii, 1, 12; vii, 93, 5 &c.; a cow RV. VS. (Naigh. ii, 11); du. heaven and earth
RV. i, 80, 11; 159, 1 &c. (Naigh. iii, 30); pl. waters, streams RV. ii. 11, 2; v, 45, 3 &c.;
Hingtsha Repens L.; a kind of metre Col.; N. of a divine being (associated with Id and
Sarasvat RV. i, 13, 9 Sy.; cf. Naigh. i, 11); of a river MBh. Hariv.; of the number `" one

"' Ganit.
mahipaala = (m) king
mahimaa = Glory
mahimaanaM = glories
mahiman *= m. greatness , might , power , majesty , glory RV. &c. &c. (%{-himnA4} or
%{-hinA4} ind. mightily , forcibly RV.) ; the magical power of increasing size at will Vet.
Pan5car. (cf. MWB. 245) ; magnitude (as one of S3iva's attributes ; %{-mnaH@stava}
m. %{stuti} f. %{stotra} n. N. of hymns ; cf. %{mahimastava}) ; N. of a man Ra1jat. ; a N.
of Mammat2a q.v. Cat. ; du. N. of two Grahas at the As3va-medha sacrifice S3Br. S3rS.
mahimnaH = of greatness
mahisha = he - buffalo
mahishha = (m) buffalo
mahishhaH = demon
mahishhaasurasya = of demon mahisha
mahishhaasureNa = by the demon mahishasura
immediately curbed,

mahiiM = the world

mahiikrite = for the sake of the earth
mahiipate = O King
mahiikshitaaM = chiefs of the world
mahiiya *= Nom. A1. %{-ya4te}, to be joyous or happy RV. &c. &c.; to prosper TUp.; to
be exalted, rise high R.; to be highly esteemed or honoured Ka1v. (also pr. p. Pass. %
{mahIyyamAna} Bhat2t2.)
mahiiyaa *= f. joyousness, happiness, exultation (dat. %{-yai4}) RV. TS.; N. of a partic.
verse A1pS3r. Sch.
mahiiyas *= mfn. greater, mightier, stronger (or, very great, vvery mighty &c. "') Up.
MBh. Ka1v. &c. (with %{hAsa} m. very loud laughter; with %{kula} n. a very noble
family).
mahendra = Indra, god of gods
maheshvaraM = the Supreme Lord
maheshvaraH = the Supreme Lord
maheshvaasaaH = mighty bowmen
mahodadhi = ocean

mahyam.h = Mine
maitraH = friendly
maitrii = friendship
maithuna = sacramental intercourse
majina = deer skin?
majjana * = m. N. of a demon causing sickness or fever Hariv.; of one of Siva's
attendants L.; n. sinking (esp. under water), diving, immersion, bathing, ablution
GriS'rS. MBh. &c.; (with {niraye}), sinking into hell MBh.; drowning, overwhelming ib.;
= {majjan}, marrow L.
majjat.h = one who takes a dip
majjati = (6 pp) to sink, to drown
majja* = 1 mfn. sinking, diving (in {uda-majja}; see {audamajji}).
majja* = 2 in comp. for {majjan}.
majjA4* = f. id. S'Br. MaitrUp. Hariv. (cf. {nirmajja}).
maJjA* = f. = {maJarI}, a cluster of blossoms &c. L.; = {ajA}, a she-goat L.
maJNchaH = (m) bed

makara = crocodile
makaara* = m. the letter or sound {ma} S'nkhBr. AV.Paris' &c.; {-paJcaka} n. =
{paJca-makAra} W.; {-rA7di-sahasranAman} n. N. of ch. of the Rudra-ymala
(containing 1000 names of Rma beginning with {m}). \\ m. the foot called molossus; {vipulA} f. N. of a metre Ping. Sch.
makara* = m. a kind of sea-monster (sometimes confounded with the crocodile, shark,
dolphin &c.; regarded as the emblem of Kma-deva [cf. {mokara-ketana} &c. below] or
as a symbol of the 9th Arhat of the present Avasarpin; represented as an ornament on
gates or on head-dresses) VS. &c. &c.; a partic. species of insect or other small animal
Sus'r.; N. of the 10th sign of the zodiac (Capricornus) Sryas. Var. &c.; the 10th arc of 30
degrees in any circle L.; an army of troops in the form of a MMa4kara Mn. vii, 187; an
ear-ring shaped like a MMa4kara BhP. (cf. {makara-kuNDala}); the hands folded in
the form of a MMa4kara Cat.; one of the 9 treasures of Kubera L.; one of the 8 magical
treasures called Padmin MrkP.; a partic. magical spell recited over weapons R.; N. of a
mountain BhP.; ({I}) f. the female of the sea-monster MMa4kara Pacat.; N. of a river
MBh.
makaraH = crocodile
makaraasana = the crocodile posture
makha * mfn. (prob. connected with 1. {mah} or {maMh}) jocund, cheerful, sprightly,
vigorous, active, restless (said of the Maruts and other gods) RV. Br.; m. a feast, festival,
any occasion of joy or festivity RV. S'nkhGri.; a sacrifice, sacrificial oblation S'Br. &c.
&c. (Naigh. iii, 17); (prob.) N. of a mythical being (esp. in {makhasya ziraH}, `" Makha's

head "') RV. VS. S'Br. (cf. also comp.)

makhatraataa = the protector, saviour of makha (Indra)
mamataa *= (%{mama4-}) f. the state of `" mine "' , sense of ownership , self-interest ,
egotism , interest in (loc.) MBh. Ka1v. Pur. ; pride , arrogance L. ; N. of the wife of
Utathya and mother of Di1rgha-tamas RV. vi , 10 , 2 (Sa1y.) MBh. BhP. ; %{-yukta} mfn.
filled with selfishness , a miser or egotist (= %{kRpaNa}) L. ; %{-zUnya} mfn. devoid of
interest for us Prab.
maNa * = m. or u. (?) (fr. Arabic) a partic. measure of grain Col.
mana * = 1 m. Indian spikenard, Nardostachys Jatamansi L.; N. of a son of S3ambara
Hariv. (v.l. %{mata}).\\ 2 in comp. for %{manas}.\\3 m. du. (for 1. and 2. see p. 783,
col. 2) a partic. ornament RV. viii, 78, 2.
manaa * = f. devotion, attachment, zeal, eagerness RV.; envy, jealousy ib.
manasvin * = mfn. full of mind or sense, intelligent, clever, wise TBr. &c. &c. ; in high
spirits, cheerful, glad (%{a-man-}) R. ; fixing the mind attentive W. ; m. the fabulous
animal called S3arabha L. ; N. of a Na1ga Lalit. ; of a son of Devala VP. ; (%{inI}) f. a
virtuous wife W. ; Momordica Mixta L. ; N. of the mother of the moon MBh. (cf. %
{manasija}) ; of Durga L. ; of the wife of Mr2ikan2d2u Pur.
ma..ndo.api = mandaH + api:though dull or slow
ma.ngalaM = (Nr. nom. + accc.S)auspiciousness

ma.ntrasya = mantra's
ma.ntreNa = thro' the mantra
ma.nda = Dull
maNDa* = m. n. (ifc. f. %{A}) the scum of boiled rice (or any grain) Nir. Uttarar. Sus3r.;
the thick part of milk, cream, S3veUp. MBh. &c. (cf. %{dadhi-m-}); the spirituous part
of wine &c. Hariv. R. (W. also `" foam or froth; pith, essence; the head "'); m. (only L.)
Ricinus Communis; a species of potherb; a frog (cf. %{maNDUka}); ornament,
decoration; a measure of weight (= 5 Ma1shas); (%{A}) f. the emblic myrobalan tree L.;
spirituous or vinous liquor, brandy L.; n. see %{nau-maNDa4}.
manda * = mf(%{A}) n. slow, tardy, moving slowly or softly, loitering, idle, lazy, sluggish
in (loc. or comp.), apathetic, phlegmatic, indifferent to (dat.) MBh. Ka1v. &c.; weak,
slight, slack (as a bow), dull, faint (as light), low (as a voice), gentle (as rain or wind),
feeble (as the digestive faculty) ib.; weak i.e. tolerant, indulgent to (loc.) MBh.; dullwitted, silly, stupid, foolish Kat2hUp. MBh. &c.; unhappy, miserable (L. = %{kRpaNa})
MBh. Hariv.; languid, ill, sick Ma1lav.; bad, wicked Ma1rkP.; drunken, addicted to
intoxication L.; = %{-mandra} L.; m. the planet Saturn Var.; the (upper) apsis of a
planet's course or (according to some) its anomalistic motion Su1ryas.; N. of Yama L.; a
stupid or slow elephant L. (cf. %{mandra}, %{bhadra-manda}, %{mRga-manda}); the
end of the world (= %{pralaya}) L.; (%{A}) f. a pot, vessel, inkstand L.; N. of
Da1ksha1yan2i1 Cat.; (scil. %{saMkrAnti}) a partic. astron. conjunction L.; (in music) N.
of a S3ruti Sam2gi1t.; n. the second change which takes place in warm milk when mixed
with Takra L.; (%{am}) ind. slowly, tardily, gradually, slightly, faintly, softly (also %
{manda} ibc., and %{mandam@mandam}) MBh. Ka1v. &c.

maNDala * = mf(%{A})n. circular, round VarBr2S.; n. (rarely m. g. %{ardharcA7di},

and f. %{I} g. %{ganrA7di}) a disk (esp. of the sun or moon); anything round (but in
Hcat. also applied to anything triangular; cf. %{maNDalaka}); a circle (instr. `" in a
circle "'; also `" the charmed ccircle of a conjuror "'), globe, orb, ring, circumference,
ball, wheel S3Br. &c. &c.; the path or orbit of a heavenly body Su1ryas.; a halo round the
sun or moon VarBr2S.; a ball for playing MBh.; a circular bandage (in surgery) Sus3r.;
(also n. pl.) a sort of cutaneous eruption or leprosy with circular spot ib.; a round mole or
mark (caused by a finger-nail &c.) on the body La1t2y. Ka1tyS3r. Sch.; a circular array of
troops MBh. Ka1m.; a partic. attitude in shooting L.; a district, arrondissement,
territory, province, country (often at the end of modern names e.g. Coro-mandal coast)
Inscr. AV.Paris3. MBh. &c.; a surrounding district or neighbouring state, the circle of a
king's near and distant neighbours (with whom he must maintain political and
diplomatic relations; 4 or 6 or 10 or even 12 such neighbouring princes are enumerated)
Mn. (esp. vii, 154 &c.) Ya1jn5. MBh. &c.; a multitude, group, band, collection, whole
body, society, company Ya1jn5. MBh. Ka1v. &c.; a division or book of the R2ig-veda (of
which there are 10, according to the authorship of the hymns; these are divided into 85
Anuva1kas or lessons, and these agan into 1017, or with the 11 additional hymns into
1028 Su7ktas or hymns; the other more mechanical division, is into Asht2akas,
Adhya1yas and Vargas q.v.) RPra1t. Br2ih. &c.; m. a dog L.; a kind of snake L.; (%{I}) f.
Panicum Dactylon L.; Cocculus Cordifolius Bhpr.; n. Unguis Odoratus L.; a partic.
oblation or sacrifice L.
ma.ndira = temple
ma.nsyante = they will consider
mangala = Mars. Also Auspiciousness and well-being

mangalavaara = Tuesday
maNi = gem * = pearl (also fig.), any ornament or amulet, globule, crystal; a magnet,
loadstone p.; glans penis; N. of the jewel-lotus prayer; clitoris
maNigaNaaH = pearls
maNipura = a chakra near or at the navel
maNibandhaH = (m) wrist
maNDala = circle
maNDita = shining
maNDuka = a frog
maNDukaasana = the frog posture
makha4-kriyA *= f. a sacrificial rite L.
makha4-vat *= ({makha4-}) mfn. companion of Makha (a word used to explain
{magha4vat} q.v.) S'Br.; a sacrificer
manu * = mfn. thinking, wise, intelligent VS. S3Br.; m. `" the thinking creature(?) "',
man, mankind RV. VS. AitBr. TA1r. (also as opp. to evil spirits RV. i, 130, 8; viii, 98, 6
&c.; the R2ibhus are called %{manor@na4pAtaH}, the sons of man, iii, 60, 3); the Man
par excellence or the representative man and father of the human race (regarded in the

RV. as the first to have instituted sacrifices and religious ceremonies, and associated with
the R2ishis Kan2va and Atri; in the AitBr. described as dividing his possessions among
some of his sons to the exclusion of one called Na1bha1-nedisht2ha q.v.; called
Sa1m2varan2a as author of RV. ix, 101, 10-12; A1psava as author of ib. 106, 7-9; in
Naigh. v, 6 he is numbered among the 31 divine beings of the upper sphere, and VS. xi,
66 as father of men even identified with Prajs-pati; but the name Manu is esp. applied to
14 successive mythical progenitors and sovereigns of the earth, described Mn. i, 63 and
in later wks. as creating and supporting this world through successive Antaras or long
periods of time see %{manv-antara} below; the first is called Sva1yambhuva as sprung
from %{svayam-bhU}, the Self-existent, and described in Mn. 12, 34 as a sort of
secondary creator, who commenced his work by producing 10 Praja1patis or Maharshis,
of whom the first was %{marIci}, Light; to this Manu is ascribed the celebrated `" code
of Manu "' see %{manu-saMhitA}, and two ancient Su1tra works on Kalpa and Gr2ihya
i.e. sacrificial and domestic rites; he is also called Hairan2yagarbha as son of Hiran2yagarbha, and Pra1cetasa, as son of Pra-cetas; the next 5 Manus are called Sva1rocisha,
Auttami, Ta1masa, Raivata, Ca1kshusha cf. IW. 208 n. 1; the 7th Manu, called %
{vaivasvata}, Sun-born, or from his piety, %{satya-vrata}, is regarded as the progenitor
of the present race of living beings, and said, like the Noah of the Old Testament, to have
been preserved from a great flood by Vishn2u or Brahma1 in the form of a fish: he is also
variously described as one of the 12 A1dityas, as the author of RV. viii, 27-31, as the
brother of Yama, who as a son of he Sun is also called Vaivasvata, as the founder and
first king of Ayodhya1, and as father of Ila1 who married Budha, son of the Moon, the two
great solar and lunar races being thus nearly related to each other see IW. 344; 373; the
8th Manu or first of the future Manus accord. to VP. iii, 2, will be Sa1varn2i; the 9th
Daksha-sa1varn2i; the 12th Rudra-ssa1varn2i; the 13th Raucya or Deva-ssa1varn2i;
the 14th Bhautya or Indra-ssa1varn2i); thought (= %{manas}) TS. Br.; a sacred text,
prayer, incantation, spell (= %{mantra}) Ra1matUp. Pan5car. Prata1p.; N. of an Agni

MBh.; of a Rudra Pur.; of Kr2is3a7s3va BhP.; of an astronomer Cat.; (pl.) the mental
Powers BhP.; N. of the number `" fourteen "' (on account of the 14 Manus) Su1ryas.
[784,3]; f. Manu's wife (= %{manAvI}) L.; Trigonella Corniculata L. [Cf. Goth. {manna};
Germ. {Mannus}, son of {Tuisto} [TM], mentioned by Tacitus, in his wk. {Germania}, as
the mythical ancestor of the West-Germans, {mann}, {man}; Angl. Sax. {man}; Eng.
{man}.]
makhas *= see next apd {sa4dma-makhas}.
makhasya *= Nom. P. A. {-sya4ti}, {-te}, to be cheerful or sprightly RV. [cf. $].
makhasyu4 *= mfn. cheerful; sprightly, exuberant ib.
makha4 *= 1 mfn. (prob. connected with 1. {mah} or {maMh}) jocund, cheerful,
sprightly, vigorous, active, restless (said of the Maruts and other gods) RV. Br.; m. a
feast, festival, any occasion of joy or festivity RV. S'nkhGri.; a sacrifice, sacrificial
oblation S'Br. &c. &c. (Naigh. iii, 17); (prob.) N. of a mythical being (esp. in {makhasya
ziraH}, `" Makha's head "') RV. VS. S'Br. (cf. also comp.)
makha *= 2 m. or n. (?) the city of Mecca Klac.
makshikaa = bee
mala = dirt, rubbish *= n. (in later language also m. ; prob. fr. %{mlai}) dirt, filth, dust,
impurity (physical and moral) AV. &c. &c. ; (in med.) any bodily excretion or secretion
(esp. those of the Dha1tus q.v., described as phlegm from chyle, bile from the blood, nose
mucus and ear wax from the flesh, perspiration from the fat, nails and hair from the
bones, rheum of the eye from the brain ; cf. also the 12 impurities of the body

enumerated in Mn. v, 135) Sus3r. Va1gbh. &c. ; (with S3aivas), original sin, natural
impurity Sarvad. ; camphor L. ; Os Sepiae L. ; m. the son of a S3u1dra and a Ma1luki1 L.
; (%{A}) f. Flacourtia Cataphracta L. ; n. tanned leather, a leathern or dirty garment (?)
RV. x, 136, 2 ; a kind of brass or bell-metal L. ; the tip of a scorpion's tail L. (v.l. %{ala}) ;
mfn. dirty, niggardly L. ; unbelieving, godless L. [Cf. Gk. $ ; &240436[792,1] Lat.
{ma8lus} ; Lith. {mo4lis}, {me4lynas}.]
malana* = m. a tent L.; ({A}) f. the long cucumber L.; n. crushing, grinding L. (=
{mardana}; cf. {pari-mala})
malaya = malaya mountain *= m. (Un2. iv, 99) N. of a mountain range on the west of
Malabar, the western Gha1ts (abounding in sandal trees) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; of the country
Malabar and (pl.) its inhabitants ib. ; of another country (= %{zailA7Mza-dezaH}, or %
{zailA7Ggo@d-}) L. ; of an Upa-dvi1pa L. ; of a son of Garud2a MBh. (B. %{mAlaya}) ;
of a son of R2ishabha BhP. ; of a poet Cat. ; a celestial grove (= %{nandana-vana}) L. ; a
garden L. ; (in music) a kind of measure Sam2gi1t. ; (%{A}) f. Ipomoea Turpethum L. ;
N. of a woman Va1s., Introd.
malayaja = arising out of mount malaya
malena = by dust
mallaH = (m) wrestler
mallayuddham.h = (n) wrestling
maN * cl. 1. P. {maNati}, to sound, murmur Dhtup. xiii, 5.

man * in comp. for 1. {mad}.

man * cl. 8. 4. . (Dhtup. xxx, 9; xxv, 67) {manute4}, {ma4nyate} (ep. also {-ti}; 3. pl.
{manvate4} RV.; pf. {mene} Br. &c.; {mamnA4the}, {-nA4ts} RV.; aor. {a4mata},
{a4manmahi} Subj. {manAmahe}, {mananta}, p. {manAna4} q.v. RV.; {maMsi},
{amaMsta} Subj. {maMsate} Prec. {maMsISTa}, 1. pers. m. c. {masIya} ib.; {mAMsta}
AV., {-stAdm} Tr.; {mandhvam} Br.; {amaniSTa} Gr.; fut. {maMsyate} Br., {-ti} MBh.;
{manta}, {manitA} Gr.; {maniSyate} RV.; inf. {mantum} MBh. &c., {ma4ntave}, {-tavai}
RV., {ma4ntos} Br.; ind. p. {matvA4} Up. &c.; {manitvA} Gr.; {-matya} Br. &c.; {manya} MBh. &c.), to think, believe, imagine, suppose, conjecture RV. &c. &c. ({manye},
I think, methinks, is in later language often inserted in a sentence without affecting the
construction; cf. g. {cA7di} and Pn. 4-1, 106); to regard or consider any one or anything
(acc.) as (acc. with or without {iva}, or adv., often in {-vat}; in later language also dat., to
express contempt [cf. Pn. 2-3, 17], e g. {rAjyaM tRNaya} {manye}, `" I value empire at
a straw "' i.e. I make light of it = {laghu} {man}, and opp. to {bahu}, or {sAdhu} {man},
to think much or well of. praise, approve) ib.; to think one's self or be thought to be,
appear as, pass for (nom.; also with {iva}) ib.; to be of opinion, think fit or right MBh.
Kv. &c.; to agree or be of the same opinion with (acc.) MBh.; to set the heart or mind
on, honour, esteem (with {nau}, disdain), hope or wish for (acc. or gen.) RV. &c. &c.; to
think of (in prayer &c., either `" to remember, meditate on "', or `" mention, declare "',
or `" excogitate, invent "') RV. AV.; to perceive, observe, leam, know, understand,
comprehend (acc., Ved. also gen.). RV. &c. &c.; to offer, present MBh.: Caus. (Dhtup.
xxxiv, 36) {mAnayati} (ep. also {-te}; aor. {amImanat}; Pass. {mAnyate}), to honour,
esteem, value highly (also with {uru}, {bahu} and {sAdhu}) AV. &c. &c.; (.) {stavibhe}
Dhtup. xxxiii, 35; {garvake} ib. Vop.: Desid. (Dhtup. xxiii, 3) {mImAMsate} (rarely {ti}; {amImAMsiSThAs} S'Br.; {mInAMsya4te} AV.; {mimaMsate}, {mimaniSate} Gr.),
to reflect upon, consider, examine, investigate AV. Br. &c.; to cali in question, doubt (`"

with regard to "' loc.) ib.: Desid. of Desid. {mimAmiSate} Gr.: Intens. {manmanyate},
{manmanti} ib. [Cf. Zd. {man}; Gk. $, $, &237786[783, 1] Lat. {meminisse}, {monere};
Slav. and Lith. {mine4ti}; Goth. {ga-munan}; Germ, {meinen}; Eng. {mean}.]
man.h = to think
mana = Mind
manaana * = mfn. devout, pious RV. vi, 67, 10.
manaaya *= Nom. P. %{-ya4ti}, to be zealous or devoted RV.; to think, consider ib.
manaH = heart
manaHprasaadaH = satisfaction of the mind
manana = Reflection// mfn. thoughtful, careful RV.; n. thinking, reflection, meditation,
thought, intelligence, understanding (esp. intrinsic knowledge or science, as one of the
faculties connected with the senses Nir. viii, 6 = %{manman}) Hariv. S3am2k. Sarvad.
(%{-nA4} ind. thoughtfully, deliberately RV.); homage, reverence Sa1y. on RV. i, 165, 4.
manapravaaha = Stream of thought
manavaH = Manus
manave = unto the father of mankind (of the name Vaivasvata)
manas.h = mind

manasa m. N. of a R2ishi RV. v, 44, 10 (Sa1y.); (%{A}) f. see 1. %{manasA}; n. (ifc.,

with f. %{A}) = %{manas}, mind, heart Pa1rGr2. MBh. &c.
manasaa *= 1 f. N. of a partic. goddess (described as consisting of a particle of Prakr2iti
and as daughter of Kas3yapa. sister of the serpent-king Ananta, wife of the Muni Jaratka1ru, mother of the Muni A1sti1ka and protectress of men from the venom of serpents;
cf. %{viSa-harI}) Pan5car.; of a Kim2-nari1 Ka1ran2d2.\\ manasA 2 instr. of %
{manas}, in comp.
manasaM = whose mind
manasaH = more than the mind
manasaa = by the mind
manasi = in the mind
mandaakinii = the ganges
mandaan.h = lazy to understand self-realization
mandaara = mountain used by the gods to stir the cosmic ocean
maNDa * = m. n. (ifc. f. {A}) the scum of boiled rice (or any grain) Nir. Uttarar. Sus'r.;
the thick part of milk, cream, S'veUp. MBh. &c. (cf. {dadhi-m-}); the spirituous part of
wine &c. Hariv. R. (W. also `" foam or froth; pith, essence; the head "'); m. (only L.)
Ricinus Communis; a species of potherb; a frog (cf. {maNDUka}); ornament,
decoration; a measure of weight (= 5 Mshas); ({A}) f. the emblic myrobalan tree L.;

spirituous or vinous liquor, brandy L.; n. see {nau-maNDa4}.

manda * = mf({A}) n. slow, tardy, moving slowly or softly, loitering, idle, lazy, sluggish in
(loc. or comp.), apathetic, phlegmatic, indifferent to (dat.) MBh. Kv. &c.; weak, slight,
slack (as a bow), dull, faint (as light), low (as a voice), gentle (as rain or wind), feeble (as
the digestive faculty) ib.; weak i.e. tolerant, indulgent to (loc.) MBh.; dull-witted, silly,
stupid, foolish KathhUp. MBh. &c.; unhappy, miserable (L. = {kRpaNa}) MBh. Hariv.;
languid, ill, sick Mlav.; bad, wicked MrkP.; drunken, addicted to intoxication L.; = {mandra} L.; m. the planet Saturn Var.; the (upper) apsis of a planet's course or
(according to some) its anomalistic motion Sryas.; N. of Yama L.; a stupid or slow
elephant L. (cf. {mandra}, {bhadra-manda}, {mRga-manda}); the end of the world (=
{pralaya}) L.; ({A}) f. a pot, vessel, inkstand L.; N. of Dkshyan Cat.; (scil.
{saMkrAnti}) a partic. astron. conjunction L.; (in music) N. of a S'ruti Sangt.; n. the
second change which takes place in warm milk when mixed with Takra L.; ({am}) ind.
slowly, tardily, gradually, slightly, faintly, softly (also {manda} ibc., and {mandam
mandam}) MBh. Kv. &c.
mandaaya * = Nom. P. A1. %{-yati} , %{-te} (g. %{bhRzA7di} and %{lohitA7di}) , to go
slowly , linger , loiter Ka1lid. ; to be weak or faint ib.
maNDala* = mf({A})n. circular, round VarBriS.; n. (rarely m. g. {ardharcA7di}, and f.
{I} g. {ganrA7di}) a disk (esp. of the sun or moon); anything round (but in Hcat. also
applied to anything triangular; cf. {maNDalaka}); a circle (instr. `" in a circle "'; also `"
the charmed ccircle of a conjuror "'), globe, orb, ring, circumference, ball, wheel S'Br.
&c. &c.; the path or orbit of a heavenly body Sryas.; a halo round the sun or moon
VarBriS.; a ball for playing MBh.; a circular bandage (in surgery) Sus'r.; (also n. pl.) a
sort of cutaneous eruption or leprosy with circular spot ib.; a round mole or mark

(caused by a finger-nail &c.) on the body Lthy. KtyS'r. Sch.; a circular array of troops
MBh. Km.; a partic. attitude in shooting L.; a district, arrondissement, territory,
province, country (often at the end of modern names e.g. Coro-mandal coast) Inscr.
AV.Paris'. MBh. &c.; a surrounding district or neighbouring state, the circle of a king's
near and distant neighbours (with whom he must maintain political and diplomatic
relations; 4 or 6 or 10 or even 12 such neighbouring princes are enumerated) Mn. (esp.
vii, 154 &c.) Yj. MBh. &c.; a multitude, group, band, collection, whole body, society,
company Yj. MBh. Kv. &c.; a division or book of the Riig-veda (of which there are 10,
according to the authorship of the hymns; these are divided into 85 Anuvkas or lessons,
and these agan into 1017, or with the 11 additional hymns into 1028 Su7ktas or hymns;
the other more mechanical division, is into Ashthakas, Adhyyas and Vargas q.v.) RPrt.
Briih. &c.; m. a dog L.; a kind of snake L.; ({I}) f. Panicum Dactylon L.; Cocculus
Cordifolius Bhpr.; n. Unguis Odoratus L.; a partic. oblation or sacrifice L.
mandaya * = Nom. P. %{-yati} , to weaken , lessen , allay (hunger) MBh.
mandayat * = mf(%{antI})n. (fr. Caus.) delighting , rejoicing ; (%{antI}) f. N. of a
Durga1 L.
mandayatsakha * = mfn. rejoicing friends RV.
mandayu * = mfn. gay , cheerful , happy RV.
mandi * = A mathematical point that arises every day a certain number of hours after
sunset. Used in Electional Astrology or Muhurtha
maNDita* = mfn. adorned, decorated MBh. Ka1v. &c.; m. (with Jainas) N. of one of the

11 Gan2sdhipas L.
mandira = abode* = n. any waiting or abiding-place, habitation, dwelling, house, palace,
temple, town, camp &c. (ifc. dwelling in) MBh. Kv. &c. [788,3]; a stable for horses L.
(cf. {mandurA}); the body L.; m. the sea L.; the hollow or back of the knee L.; N. of a
Gandharva L.
mandiira* = m. (prob.) N. of a man KtyS'r. (v.l. {maGgIra}); n. w.r. for {maJjIra}.
mandire = in the temple
maNDita mfn. adorned, decorated MBh. Ka1v. &c.; m. (with Jainas) N. of one of the 11
Gan2sdhipas L.
mneshu V *= whose pride
manIshaa f. thought, reflection, consideration, wisdom, intelligence, conception, idea
(%{pa4ro@manISa4yA}, beyond all conception) RV. &c. &c. ; prayer, hymn RV. ; desire,
wish, request ib.
man'gala = auspicious * =maGgala n. (accord. to Un. v, 70 fr. {maGg}) happiness,
felicity, welfare, bliss (also pl.; ifc. f. {A}) Mn. MBh. &c.; anything auspicious or tending
to a lucky issue (e.g. a good omen, a prayer, benediction, auspicious ornament or amulet,
a festival or any solemn ceremony on important occasions &c.; cf. mfn. below) Kaus'.
MBh. Kv. &c.; a good old custom PrGri. Mn.; a good work MBh. BhP.; (in music) a
partic. composition Sangt.; N. of the capital of Udyna Buddh.; m. N. of Agni Griihys.;
of the planet Mars L.; of a king belonging to the race of Manu Cat.; of a Buddha Lalit.; of
a poet Cat.; of a chief of the Clukyas ib.; the smell of jasmine L.; ({A}) f. the white- and

blue-flowering Drv grass L.; a sort of Karaja L.; turmeric L.; a faithful wife L.; N. of
Um Hcat.; of Dakshsyani (as worshipped in Gay) Cat.; of the mother of the 5th Arhat
of the present Avasarpin. L.; ({I}) f. g. {gaurA7di}; mf({A})n. auspicious, lucky Hcat.;
having the scent of jasmine L.
mangalaM = auspiciousness
maNi * = m. (%{i} f. only L.; %{I} f. Sin6ha7s.; %{maNI7va} = %{maNI} [du.] %{iva}
Naish.) a jewel, gem, pearl (also fig.), any ornament or amulet, globule, crystal RV. &c.
&c.; a magnet, loadstone Kap.; glans penis Sus3r.; N. of the jewel-lotus prayer MWB. 37
2; clitoris L.; the hump (of a camel) MBh.; the dependent fleshy excrescences on a goat's
neck VarBr2S.; thyroid cartilage L. (cf. %{kaNTha-m-}); the wrist (= %{mmaNi4bandha}) L.; a large water-jar L.; N. of a Na1ga MBh.; of a companion of Skanda
(associated with Su-man2i) ib.; of a sage ib.; of a son of Yuyudha1na ib. (in Hariv. v.l. %
{tUNi}); of a king of the Kim-n2aras, Ka1ran2d.; of various wks. and a collection of
magical formulas (also abridged for Tattva-cinta1man2i and Siddha7nta-s3iroman2i).
[Cf. Gk. &235359[774,3] $, $; Lat. {monile}; Germ. {mane}, {Ma1hne}; Eng. {mane}.]
maNinaaga* = m. N. of a snake-demon MBh. Hariv.; m. or n. (?) N. of a sacred bathingplace MBh.
maNiniryaatana* = n. the restitution of a jewel R.
maNiindra* = m. `" jewel-chief. "' a diamond Pacar.
maniish = lord of the mind
maniishhiNaH = great sages or devotees

maniishikaa f. wisdom, intelligence (%{sva-manISikayA}, `" according to one's own

judgment "') BhP. ; expectation Ba1lar.
maniishin * = mfn. thoughtful, intelligent, wise, sage, prudent. RV. &c. &c. ; devout,
offering prayers or praises RV. ; m. a learned Bra1hman, teacher, Pan2d2it W. ; N. of a
king VP.
maniishhiNaaM = even for the great souls
maniishitaa* = wisdom
maniishhita = (n) a wish
maniishita * = mfn. desired, wished
maju: * = pleasing charming, sweet
manogataan.h = of mental concoction
manojavaM = having the speed of mind
manobhiH = and mind
manomani = samadhi
manoraJNjana = entertainment, pleasant to mind

manoratha = wish
manorathaM = according to my desires
manorame = another appellation to PArvati here meaning `pleasing to the mind'
manohara = beautiful
mantavyaH = is to be considered
manthin* = mfn. shaking, agitating Bhathth.; paining, afflicting W.; m. Soma-juice with
meal mixed in it by stirring RV. TS. Br. S'rS.; semen virile (cf. {Urdhva-m-}); ({inI}) f. a
butter-vat L.; N. of one of the Mtriis attending on Skanda MBh.
mantra = spel * = m. (rarely n.; ifc. f. %{A}), `" instrument of thought "', speech, sacred
text or speech, a prayer or song of praise RV. AV. TS.; a Vedic hymn or sacrificial
formula, that portion of the Veda which contains the texts called %{Rc} or %{yajus} or %
{sAman} (q.v.) as opp. to the Bra1hmana and Upanishad portion (see IW. 5 &c.) Br.
Gr2S3rS. &c. [786,1]; a sacred formula addressed to any individual deity (e.g. %{om} %
{zivAya} %{namaH}) RTL. 61; a mystical verse or magical formula (sometimes
personified), incantation, charm, spell (esp. in modern times employed by the S3a1ktas
to acquire superhuman powers; the primary Mantras being held to be 70 millions in
number and the secondary innumerable RTL. 197-202) RV. (i, 147, 4) A1s3vS3r. Mn.
Katha1s. Sus3r.; cousultation, resolution, counsel, advice, plan, design, secret RV. &c.
&c.; N. of Vishn2u Vishn2.; of S3iva MBh.; (in astrol.) the fifth mansion VarYogay.
mantraH = transcendental chant

mantrayate = (10 ap) to consult

mantrahiinaM = with no chanting of the Vedic hymns
manthati = to churn (as in to get butter from curds)
manma *= in comp. for %{manman}.
manman *= n. thought , understanding , intellect , wisdom RV. ; expression of thought
i.e. hymn , prayer , petition ib.
manmahe V*= iti- this is our opinion, upa- I consider
manmatha = god of love, Cupid*= m. (either an intens. form fr. %{math}, or fr. %{man}
= %{manas} + %{matha}, `" agitating "'; cf. %{mandeha} and %{mandhAtR}) love or
the god of love, amorous passion or desire (ifc. f. %{A}) MBh. Ka1v. &c.; Feronia
Elephantum L.; the 29th (3rd) year in a 60 years "' cycle of Jupiter VarBr2S.; N. of a
physician and various other men Cat.; (%{A}) f. N. of Da1ksha1yan2i1 ib.
manmanaaH = always thinking of Me
manmayaa = fully in Me
manoratha *= m. (ifc. f. %{A}) `" heart's joy "' (see 2. %{ratha}) , a wish , desire (also =
desired object) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; fancy , illusion S3am2k. ; (in dram.) a wish expressed in
an indirect manner , hint Sa1h. ; the heart compared to a car (see 1. %{ratha}) R. ; N. of
a teacher Buddh. ; of a poet Cat. ; of various men Ra1jat. ; (%{A}) f. N. of a woman( = %
{-prabhA}) Katha1s. ; %{-kusuma} n. wish or desire compared to a flower MW. ; %{-

kRza} mfn. chosen or taken at will (as a husband) Hariv. ; %{-tIrtha} n. N. of a Ti1rtha
Cat. ; %{-tRtIyA} f. the 3rd day in the light half of the month Caitra (%{-vrata} n. N. of
wk.) Cat. ; %{-dAyaka} m. `" fulfilling wishes "'N. of a Kalpa-vr2iksha , Kathls. ; %{druma} w.r. for %{mano-bhava-dr-} Ma1lav. iii , 11 ; %{-dvAdazI} f. the 12th day in a
partic. half month Cat. ; %{-prabhA} f. N. of a woman Katha1s. ; %{-bandha} m. the
cherishing or entertaining of desires (%{-dhabandhu} m. the friend of [i.e. one who
satisfies] wishes , Ma1atim. i , 34) ; %{-maya} mf(%{I})n. consisting of wishes , having
many wwishes Bha1m. ; being the object of a wwishes Naish. ; %{-siddha} w.r. for %
{-siddhi} Katha1s. ; %{-siddhi} f. the fulfilment of a wwishes Katha1s. ; m. (also %{dhika}) N. of a man ib. ; %{-sRSTi} f. creation of the fancy , phantasm of the imagination
MW. ; %{-thA7ntara} m. `" innermost desire "' , beloved object or person Mr2icch.
manu = father of the human race * = mfn. thinking, wise, intelligent VS. S3Br.; m. `" the
thinking creature(?) "', man, mankind RV. VS. AitBr. TA1r. (also as opp. to evil spirits
RV. i, 130, 8; viii, 98, 6 &c.; the R2ibhus are called %{manor@na4pAtaH}, the sons of
man, iii, 60, 3); the Man par excellence or the representative man and father of the
human race (regarded in the RV. as the first to have instituted sacrifices and religious
ceremonies, and associated with the R2ishis Kan2va and Atri; in the AitBr. described as
dividing his possessions among some of his sons to the exclusion of one called Na1bha1nedisht2ha q.v.; called Sa1m2varan2a as author of RV. ix, 101, 10-12; A1psava as author
of ib. 106, 7-9; in Naigh. v, 6 he is numbered among the 31 divine beings of the upper
sphere, and VS. xi, 66 as father of men even identified with Prajs-pati; but the name
Manu is esp. applied to 14 successive mythical progenitors and sovereigns of the earth,
described Mn. i, 63 and in later wks. as creating and supporting this world through
successive Antaras or long periods of time see %{manv-antara} below; the first is called
Sva1yambhuva as sprung from %{svayam-bhU}, the Self-existent, and described in Mn.
12, 34 as a sort of secondary creator, who commenced his work by producing 10

Praja1patis or Maharshis, of whom the first was %{marIci}, Light; to this Manu is
ascribed the celebrated `" code of Manu "' see %{manu-saMhitA}, and two ancient
Su1tra works on Kalpa and Gr2ihya i.e. sacrificial and domestic rites; he is also called
Hairan2yagarbha as son of Hiran2ya-garbha, and Pra1cetasa, as son of Pra-cetas; the
next 5 Manus are called Sva1rocisha, Auttami, Ta1masa, Raivata, Ca1kshusha cf. IW.
208 n. 1; the 7th Manu, called %{vaivasvata}, Sun-born, or from his piety, %{satyavrata}, is regarded as the progenitor of the present race of living beings, and said, like the
Noah of the Old Testament, to have been preserved from a great flood by Vishn2u or
Brahma1 in the form of a fish: he is also variously described as one of the 12 A1dityas, as
the author of RV. viii, 27-31, as the brother of Yama, who as a son of he Sun is also called
Vaivasvata, as the founder and first king of Ayodhya1, and as father of Ila1 who married
Budha, son of the Moon, the two great solar and lunar races being thus nearly related to
each other see IW. 344; 373; the 8th Manu or first of the future Manus accord. to VP. iii,
2, will be Sa1varn2i; the 9th Daksha-sa1varn2i; the 12th Rudra-ssa1varn2i; the 13th
Raucya or Deva-ssa1varn2i; the 14th Bhautya or Indra-ssa1varn2i); thought (= %
{manas}) TS. Br.; a sacred text, prayer, incantation, spell (= %{mantra}) Ra1matUp.
Pan5car. Prata1p.; N. of an Agni MBh.; of a Rudra Pur.; of Kr2is3a7s3va BhP.; of an
astronomer Cat.; (pl.) the mental Powers BhP.; N. of the number `" fourteen "' (on
account of the 14 Manus) Su1ryas. [784,3]; f. Manu's wife (= %{manAvI}) L.; Trigonella
Corniculata L. [Cf. Goth. {manna}; Germ. {Mannus}, son of {Tuisto} [TM], mentioned by
Tacitus, in his wk. {Germania}, as the mythical ancestor of the West-Germans, {mann},
{man}; Angl. Sax. {man}; Eng. {man}.]
manuH = the father of mankind
manushhya = man

manushhyaloke = in the world of human society

manushhyaaH = all men
manushhyaaNaaM = of such men
manushhyeshhu = in human society
manya* = mfn. (only ifc.; cf. Pn. 3-2, 83; vi, 3, 68 Sch.) thinking one's self to be,
passing for, appearing as (see {kAlim-}, {dhanyam-}, {naram-m} &c.)
ma4nyaa* = f. du. and pl. the back or the nape of the neck (musculus cucullaris or
trapezius) AV. VS. Sus'r.; m. (l) the middle of an elephant's goad L.
manyate = (4 ap) to think, to believe
manyante = think
manyase = you so think
manye = think
manyeta = thinks
manyu * = m. (L. also f.) spirit, mind, mood, mettle (as of horses) RV. TS. Br.; high spirit
or temper, ardour, zeal, passion RV. &c. &c.; rage, fury, wrath, anger, indignation ib.
(also personified, esp. as Agni or Kma or as a Rudra; {manyuM} {kR}, with loc. or acc.
with {prati}, `" to vent one's anger on, be angry with "'); grief, sorrow, distress, affliction

MBh. Kv. &c.; sacrifice Nalac.; N. of a king (son of Vitatha) BhP.; (with {tApasa})N. of
the author of RV. x, 83; 84; (with {vAsiSTha})N. of the author of RV. ix, 97, 10-12. {ta4s} ind. from anger, in a rage AV.
mama = mine
mamaapi = even my
maunaM = silence
mauni = silent
mJNjushhaa = (f) a box
marakata* = n. an emerald R. Var. Pacat. &c. [Cf. Gk. $; Lat. {smaragdus}.
maraNa = death
maraNaM = death
maraNaat.h = than death
mariicha = a name of Sun
mariichi = rays
mariichiH = Marici

mariichikaa = (f) chillies

mariichimaalin.h = (adj) garlanded with rays, sun
marjaaraH = (m) cat
marman *= n. ( %{mR}) mortal spot , vulnerable point , any open or exposed or weak
or sensitive part of the body (in Nir. reckoned to be 107) RV. &c. &c. ; the joint of a limb ,
any joint or articulation ib. ; the core of anything , the quick ib. ; any vital member or
organ (cf. %{antar-m-}) ; anything which requires to be kept concealed , secret quality ,
hidden meaning , any secret or mystery MBh. Ka1v. &c.
marsha * m. ( {mRS}) patience, endurance L. (cf. {a-} and {dur-marSa}).
martya * = mfn. who or what must die, mortal Br. Kaus'.; m. a mortal, man, person RV.
&c. &c.; the world of mortals, the earth L.; ({A}) f. dying, death (see {putra-martyA}); n.
that which is mortal, the body BhP.
maru = desert
marut* = m. pl. (prob. the `" flashing or shining ones "'; cf. {marIci} and Gk. $) the
storm-gods (Indra's &239948[790,2] companions and sometimes e.g. Ragh. xii, 101 =
{devAH}, the gods or deities in general; said in the Veda to be the sons of Rudra and
Priis'ni q.v., or the children of heaven or of ocean; and described as armed with golden
weapons i.e. lightnings and thunderbolts, as having iron teeth and roaring like lions, as
residing in the north, as riding in golden cars drawn by ruddy horses sometimes called
Priishath q.v.; they are reckoned in Naigh. v, 5 among the gods of the middle sphere,
and in RV. viii, 96, 8 are held to be three times sixty in number; in the later literature

they are the children of Diti, either seven or seven times seven in number, and are
sometimes said to be led by Mtaris'van) RV. &c. &c.; the god of the wind (father of
Hanumat and regent of the north-west quarter of the sky) Kir. Rjat. (cf. comp.); wind,
air, breath (also applied to the five winds in the body) Kv. Pur. &c.; a species of plant
Bhpr.; = {Rtvij} Naigh. iii, 18; gold ib. i, 2; beauty ib. iii, 7; N. of a Sdhya Hariv.; of the
prince Briihad-ratha MaitrUp.; f. Trigonella Corniculata L.; n. a kind of fragrant
substance (= {granthi-parNa}) L.
marut.h = wind
marutaH = the forty-nine Maruts (demigods of the wind)
marutta * = (= {marud-datta} accord. to Pat. on Pn. 1-4, 58. 59 Vrtt. 4) m. N. of
various kings Br. S'nkhS'r. &c.; wind, a gale (?) W.
marutaaM = in the air or thoro' the air
marubhuumiH = (m) desert, barren land
martya = mortal
martyalokaM = to the mortal earth
martyeshhu = among those subject to death
maryaada * = m. `" one who sets marks or limits "', an arbiter, umpire (?) AV. v, 1, 8.
maryaadaa * = f. (doubtful whether fr. %{maryA} + %{dA} or %{maryA} + %{Ada} [fr.

%{A} + %{dA}]; fancifully said to be fr. %{marya} + %{ada}, `" devouring young men "'
who are killed in defending boundaries) `" giving or containing clear marks or signs "', a
frontier, limit, boundary, border, bank, shore, mark, end, extreme point, goal (in space
and time) RV. &c. &c. (%{SaN-mAsmaryAdayA}, within six months VarBr2S.); the
bounds or limits of morality and propriety, rule or custom, distinct law or definition Mn.
MBh. &c.; a covenant, agreement, bond, contract MBh. Ka1v. &c.; continuance in the
right way, propriety of conduct Ka1v. Pan5cat.; N. of a kind of ring used as an amulet AV.
vi, 81, 2; N. of the wife of Ava1ci1na (daughter of a king of Vidarbha) MBh.; of the wife of
Deva7tithi (daughter of a king of Videha) ib.
masa * = m. measure, weight W.
mashaka = gnat, small fly
mashakaH = (m) mosquito
mashakajaalaH = (m) mosquito net
mashii = (f) ink
mat.h = upon Me (KRishhNa)
mata* = {mataM-ga} &c. see under {man}, p. 783, col. 1.
mata= Opinion* = mfn. thought, believed, imagined, supposed, understood RV. &c. &c.;
regarded or considered as, taken or passing for (nom. or adv.) Mn. MBh. &c.; thought fit
or right, approved Yj. Kv. Km.; honoured, esteemed, respected, liked (with gen.
Pn. 3-2, 188) Ragh. Km.; desired, intended R.; m. N. of a son of S'ambara Hariv. (v.l.

{mana}); n. a thought, idea, opinion, sentiment, view, belief. doctrine MBh. Kv. &c.;
intention, design, purpose, wish MBh. BhP.; commendation, approbation, sanction L.;
knowledge W.; agallochum L.
mataM = injunctions
mataH = (f) mother
mataa = is considered
mataaH = are considered
mati * = (in S'Br. also {ma4ti}) f. devotion, prayer, worship, hymn, sacred utterance RV.
VS.; thought, design, intention, resolution, determination, inclination, wish, desire (with
loc. dat. or inf.) RV. &c. &c. ({matyA} ind. wittingly, knowingly, purposely; {matiM} {kR}
or {dhA} or {dhR} or {A-dhA} or {samA-dhA} or {A-sthA} or {sam-A-sthA}, with loc.
dat. acc. with {prati}, or {artham} ifc., to set the heart on, make up one's mind, resolve,
determine; {matim} with Caus. of {ni-vRt} and abl. of a verbal noun, to give up the idea
of; {Ahita-mati} ifc. -having resolved upon; {vinivRtta-mati} with abl. = having desisted
from); opinion, notion, idea, belief, conviction, view, creed S'rS. Mn. MBh. &c. ({matyA}
ind. at will; ifc., `" under the idea of "' e.g. {vyAghra-m-}, `" under the idea of its being a
tiger "'); the mind, perception, understanding, intelligence, sense, judgment S'Br. &c. &c.
(in RV. also `" that which is sensible "', intelligent, mindful, applied to Aditi, Indra and
Agni); esteem, respect, regard Kir.; memory, remembrance L.; Opinion personified (and
identified with Subala7tmaj as one of the mothers of the five sons of Pndu, or regarded
as a daughter of Daksha and wife of Soma, or as the wife of Viveka) MBh. Hariv. Prab.; a
kind of vegetable or pot-herb L.; m. N. of a king Buddh. [Cf. Lat. {mens}; Angl. Sax. {ge-

mynd}; Eng. {mind}.]

matiM = intellect
matiH = intellect, thought, opinion
matiraapaneyaa = matiH + ApaneyA:mind + to be led
matirbhinnaH = mind +different (different opinions or views)
matirmama = my opinion
mate = in the opinion
matkarma = My work
matkarmakrit.h = engaged in doing My work
matkuNa = bed-bug
matkuNaH = (m) bedbug, khatamal
matparaM = subordinate to Me
matparaH = in relationship with Me
matparamaH = considering Me the Supreme

matparamaaH = taking Me, the Supreme Lord, as everything

matparaaH = being attached to Me
matparaayaNaH = devoted to Me
matprasaadaat.h = by My mercy
matri = mother
matsa.nsthaaM = the spiritual sky (the kingdom of God)
matsara = Anger, Jealousy, Envy, Hostility
matsthaani = in Me
matsya = a fish
matsyaNDii = (n) molasses
matsyaasana = the fish posture
matsyendraasana = the posture of Matsyendra
maththa * = m. a kind of drum Sam2gi1t. (cf. %{maDDu}); a kind of dance ib. (also %
{-nRtya} n.)
matta * = &c. see p. 77, col. 3\\ . excited with joy, overjoyed, delighted, drunk,

intoxicated (lit. and fig.) AV. &c. &c.; excited by sexual passion or desire, in rut, ruttish
(as an elephant) MBh. R. &c.; furious, mad, insane ib.; m. a buffalo L.; the Indian
cuckoo L.; a drunkard L.; a ruttish or furious elephant L.; a madman L.; a thorn-apple
L.; N. of a Ra1kshasa R.; (%{A}) f. any intoxicating drink, spirituous or vinous liquor L.;
N. of a metre Col. [cf. Lat. {mattus}, drunk].
mattaH = (VB) beyond Me; from me, than me* = mfn. excited with joy, overjoyed,
delighted, drunk, intoxicated (lit. and fig.) AV. &c. &c.; excited by sexual passion or
desire, in rut, ruttish (as an elephant) MBh. R. &c.; furious, mad, insane ib.; m. a buffalo
L.; the Indian cuckoo L.; a drunkard L.; a ruttish or furious elephant L.; a madman L.; a
thorn-apple L.; N. of a Ra1kshasa R.; (%{A}) f. any intoxicating drink, spirituous or
vinous liquor L.; N. of a metre Col. [cf. Lat. {mattus}, drunk].
maturaa = the city of mathura
matvaa = having thought, thinking that *V thinking Bg 3.28, Bg 11.41-42, SB 4.10.9,
SB 4.13.11, SB 7.1.37, SB 9.15.9, SB 9.18.10, SB 10.14.27, SB 10.28.11, SB 10.43.11, SB
10.57.34, SB 10.60.57, SB 10.75.37, SB 10.84.30, SB 11.9.7, SB 12.8.28, CC Madhya
19.199-200; knowing Bg 10.8; thinking to be SB 3.20.37; thinking like that SB
8.9.19, SB 9.15.5-6; considering SB 9.20.39, SB 10.9.13-14, SB 10.11.20, SB 10.16.1315, SB 10.22.20, SB 10.52.2, CC Madhya 19.205; thinking of SB 10.1.65-66; thought it
SB 10.12.18; accepting the milk like that SB 10.13.22; thinking (him) SB
10.51.10; thinking Him SB 10.55.27-28, SB 10.56.22; understanding CC Madhya
24.189
matya *= 1 n. (for 2. see p. 783 , col. 2) a harrow , roller TS. Br. ; a club (perhaps with
iron points) AV. ; harrowing , rolling , making even or level L. \\ 2 n. (for 1. see p. 776 ,

col. 2) the means of acquiring knowledge (= %{jJAnasya@kAraNam}) Ka1s3. on Pa1n2.

4-4 , 97.
maula * = mf(%{A})n. (fr. %{mUla}) derived from roots (as poison) Hcar.; handed down
from antiquity, ancient (as acustom) MBh.; holding office from previous generations,
hereditary (as a minister or warrior) Mn. MBh. &c.; aboriginal, indigenous Mn. viii, 62;
259; m. an hereditary minister (holding his office from father and grandfather) Ragh.
Das3.; pl. aboriginal inhabitants who have emigrated L.; (with %{pArthivAH}) = %
{mUlaprakR-tayaH} Ka1m.
mauna* = m. (fr. {muni}) a patr. s'vS'r.; pl. N. of a dynasty VP.; ({I}) f. N. of the 15th
day in the dark half of the month Phlguna (when a partic. form of ablution is performed
in silence) Col.; n. the office or position of a Muni or holy sage S'Br. MBh. [837, 1];
silence, taciturnity ChUp. Mn. MBh. &c. ({maunaM} with {kR}, or {vi-dhA} or {sam-Acar}, to observe silence, hold one's tongue).
may * = cl. 1. A1. to go, move Dha1tup. xv, 50.
maya * = mf({I})n. consisting or made of orpiment Kum.
maya * = 1 m. (3. {mA}) N. of an Asura (the artificer or architect of the Daityas, also
versed in magic, astronomy and military science) MBh. Kv. &c.; N. of various teachers
and authors (esp. of an astronomer and a poet) Cat.; ({A}) f. medical treatment L. \\ = 2
m. (prob. fr. 2. {mA}) a horse VS.; a camel L.; a mule L.; ({I}) f. a mare Lthy. Sch.
[789, 2] \\3 m. (1. {mI}) hurting, injuring W.
mayaa = by me, V: magic

mayaH = full of
mayaM = full of/completely filled V* possessing, consisting, fully engaged in, pervaded
by, made of, sum total
mayas * n. (prob. fr. 3. {mA}) refreshment, enjoyment, pleasure, delight RV. VS. TBr.
ma4yas-kara4 * mfn. causing enjoyment, giving pleasure VS.
mayata= prasmayata- prasada= grace
maye: V*: consists of, made of, in the form of, situated in, full of, filled with,. affected by
mayi = in myself
mayivasu *= mfn. (fr. %{mayi} loc. sg. of 3. %{ma} + %{vasu}) good in me (used in
partic. formulas) AitBr. TS.
mayuraasana = the peacock posture
mayuura = a peacock
mayuuraH = (m) peacock
mayyasahishhNu = mayi+asahishhNuH, in me+intolerant
me = mine

megha = cloud
medha *= m. the juice of meat , broth , nourishing or strengthening drink RV. S3Br.
Ka1tyS3r. ; marrow (esp. of the sacrificial victim) , sap , pith , essence AV. TS. Br. ; a
sacrificial animal , victim VS. Br. S3rS. ; an animal-sacrifice , offering , oblation , any
sacrifice (esp. ifc.) ib. MBh. &c. ; N. of the reputed author of VS. xxxiii , 92 Anukr. ; of a
son of Priya-vrata (v.l. %{medhas}) VP. [833,1] ; (%{A}) f. see below ; mfn. g. %
{pacA7di}.
medaH = (neu) fat
medas* = n. fat, marrow, lymph (as one of the 7 Dhtus, q.v.; its proper seat is said to be
the abdomen) RV. &c. &c.; excessive fatness, corpulence S'rngS.; a mystical term for
the letter {v} Up.
medhas * = n. = %{medha}, a sacrifice S3Br. S3a1n3khSr.; m. N. of a son of Manu
Sva1yambhuva Hariv.; of son of Priya-vrata (v.l. %{medha}) VP.; (ifc.) = %{medhA},
intelligence, knowledge, understanding.
medhasa * = m. N. of a man Cat.
medhasaati* = (%{medha4-}) f. the receiving or offering of the oblation, sacrificial
ceremony RV. (Sa1y.; others `" the offering of devotion, service or worship of the gods "';
others "' the gaining or deserving of a reward or praise "').
medhayaa = (fem.instr.S)intellect
medhaa = (f) memory, ability to remember things

medhaavaan.h = well- read man, intellectual

medhaavii = intelligent
mekhala* =m. or n. a girdle, belt R.; m. pl. N. of a people VarBriS. (prob. w.r. for
{mekala}); ({A}) f. see below
mekhalaa* = f. a girdle, belt, zone (as worm by men or women, but esp. that worn by the
men of the first three classes; accord. to Mn. ii, 42 that of a Brhman ought to be of
{muJja} [accord. to ii, 169 = {yajJo7pavIta} q.v.]; that of a Kshatriya, of {mUrvA}; that
of a Vais'ya, of {zaNa} or hemp, I.W. p. 240) AV. &c; &c.; the girth of a horse Kaths.; a
band or fillet L.; (ifc. f. {A}) anything girding or surrounding (cf. {sAgara-m-});
investiture with the girdle and the ceremony connected with it VarBriS.; a sword-belt,
baldric L.; a sword-knot or string fastened to the hilt L.; the cords or lines drawn round
an altar (on the four sides of the hole or receptacle in which the sacrificial fire is
deposited) BhP.; the hips (as the place of the girdle) L.; the slope of a mountain (cf.
{netamba}) Klid.; a partic. part of the fire-receptacle Hcat.; Hemionitis Cordifolia L.;
N. of the river Narma-d (prob. w.r. for {mekalA}) L.; of a place (?) Vs., Introd.; of
various women Viddh. Kaths.
meruH = Meru
merudaNDa = the spinal column
meshha = First Zodiacal sign Aries
mesha * = m. (2. {miS}) a ram, sheep (in the older language applied also to a fleece or
anything woollen) RV. &c. &c.; the sign of the zodiac Aries or the first arc of 30 degrees

in a circle Sryas. Var. BhP.; a species of plant Sus'r.; N. of a partic. demon L. (cf.
{nejam-}); ({A}) f. small cardamoms L.; ({I}) f. (cf. {me4zI}) a ewe RV. VS. Kaus'.;
Nardostachys Jatamansi L.; Dalbergia Ougeinensis L.
meshhaH = (m) sheep
miiDhvas * = mf(%{u4Si})n. (declined like a pf. p.; nom, %{mIDhvan} voc. %{mIDhvas}
dat. %{mIDhu4Se-} or %{mILhu4Se} &c.), bestowing richly, bountiful, liberal R. V. &c.
&c.; (%{uSI}) f. N. of Devi1 (the wife of I1s3a1na) A1pGr2.
miimaaMsaa* = f. profound thought or reflection or Consideration, investigation,
examination, discussion S'Br. Tr.; theory (cf. {kAvya-m-}); `" examination of the Vedic
text "'N. of one of the 3 great divisions of orthodox Hind philosophy (divided into 2
systems, viz. the Prva-mnns or Karma-mmns by Jamini, concerning itself chiefly
with the correct incalled the Mimns; and the Uttara-mimns or Brahmammimns or S'rraka-mmimns by Bdaryana, commonly styled the Veda7nta
and dealing chiefly with the nature of Brahma8 or the one universal Spirit) IW. 46; 98
&c.
misha :*. rivalry, emulation L.; the son of a Kshatriya and a low woman L.; n. false
appearance, fraud, deceit ({miSeNa} or {miSAt} or {-tas} or ifc. under the pretext of)
Kv. Kaths. Rjat.
mita4 *fixed, set up, founded, established RV. AV. SnkhS'r.; firm, strong (see comp.);
cast, thrown, scattered W.
mita * = measured, meted out, measured or limited by i.e. equal to (instr. or comp.)

Sryas. VarBriS. BhP.; containing a partic. measure i.e. measuring, consisting of (acc.)
RPrt.; Bharthr. (v.l.); measured, moderate, scanty, frugal, little, short, brief. Inscr. Mn.
Kv. &c.; measured i.e. investigated, known (see. {loka}); m. N. of a divine being
(associated with Sammita) Yj.; of a Riishi in the third Manv-antara VP.
mitha * = in comp. for %{mithah} = %{mithas}\\in comp. for %{mithaH}
mithas * = ind, together, together with (instr.), mutually, reciprocally, alternately, to or
from or with each other RV. &c, &c.; privately, in secret Mn. Ka1lid. Das3.; by contest or
dispute BhP.
mithasamaya * = m. mutual agreement ib. (v.l. %{-samavA7ya}).
mithaspRdhya * = ind. p. ( %{spR4dh}) meeting together as rivals, mutually emulous
RV. i, 166, 9 (Padap. %{mithaspri4dhyA}).
mitra = (neut) friend *= 1 m. (orig. %{mit-tra}, fr. %{mith} or %{mid}; cf. %{medin}) a
friend, companion, associate RV. AV. (in later language mostly n.); N. of an A1ditya
(generally invoked together with Varun2a cf. %{mitrA-v-}, and often associated with
Aryaman q.v.; Mitra is extolled alone in RV. iii, 59, and there described as calling men to
activity, sustaining earth and sky and beholding all creatures with unwinking eye; in later
times he is considered as the deity of the constellation Anura1dha1, and father of
Utsarga) RV. &c. &c.; the sun Ka1v. &c. (cf. comp.); N. of a Marut Hariv.; of a son of
Vasisht2ha and various other men Pur.; of the third Muhu1rta L.; du. = %{mitra4varuNa} RV.; (%{A}),f. N. of an Apsaras MBh. (B. %{citrA}); of the mother of Maitreya
and Maitreyi1 S3am2k. on ChUp. BhP.; of the mother of S3atru-ghna (= %{su-mitrA}) L.
(W. %{I}); n. friendship RV.; a friend, companion (cf. m. above) TS. &c, &c.; (with %

{aurasa}) a friend connected by blood-relationship Hit.; an ally (a prince whose territory

adjoins that of an immediate neighbour who is called %{ari}, enemy. Mn. vii, 158 &c., in
this meaning also applied to planets VarBr2S.); a companion to = resemblance of (gen.;
ifc. = resembling, like) Ba1lar. Vcar.; N. of the god Mitra (enumerated among the 10
fires) MBh.; a partic. mode of fighting Hariv. (v.l. for %{bhinna}).
mitra * = 2 Nom. P. %{mitrati}, to act in a friendly manner S3at
mitraavaruNa * = vi. du. Mitra and Varun2a RV. &c. &c. (together they uphold and rule
the earth and sky, together they guard the world, together they promote religious rites,
avenge sin, and are the lords of truth and light cf. under 1. %{mitra4} above [816,3] ; %{Nayor@ayanam} and %{-Nayor@iSTiH}N. of partic. sacrifices ; %{NayoH@saMyojanam}N. of a Sa1man) RV. VS. Br. &c. (sg., w.r. for %{maitrAvaruNa}
Hariv.) ; %{-vat} mfn. accompanied by Mitra and Varun2a RV. ; %{-samIrita} mfn.
impelled by MMitra and VVarun2a TBr.
mitrataa* = f. friendship ({-tam samprA7ptaH}, one whd has become a friend) MBh.
Pacat. &c.; equalness, likeness with (comp) Vcar.
mitratva* = n. friendship TS. Pacat. &c.
mitradhita* = ({mitra4-}) n. (RV.) or ({mitra4-}) f. (ib.) ?or ({mitra4-}) f. (ib.) ?or n.
(VS. S'Br.) a covenant or contract of friendship.
mitradheya* = n. (VS. S'Br.) a covenant or contract of friendship.
mitrapati* = m. lord of friends or of friendship RV.

mitrabheda* = m. separation of frfriend, breach of friendship MBh. Km. &c.; N. of the

first book of the Paca-tantra.
mitradrohe = in quarreling with friends
mitre = in (towards) the friend
mithila *= m. N. of a king (the founder of Mithila1) = %{mithi} BhP. ; pl. N. of a people
(prob. the inhabitants of Mithila1) MBh. VarBr2S. ; (%{A}) f. N. of a city said to have
been founded by Mithi or Mithila (it was the capital of Videha or the modern Tirhut , and
residence of King Janaka) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; of a school of law IW. 302 &c.
mithuna = Sexual union. The Zodiacal sign Gemini
miththyaachaaraNi = adj. living in the falsehood
miththyaavaadii = adj. adherent to improper philosophy
mithyaa = (fem.nom.S)false; unreal
mithyaachaaraH = pretender
mithyaaGYaanena = (instr.) through false knowledge
mithyaishhaH = this is all false
mimaaM = this

mimaa.nsaa = one of the schools (systems) of Indian philosophy

milati = ( 6 pp) to join, meet
mis'raM = mixed;* = mf({A4})n. (prob. fr. a Iost {miz} cf. under {mikS}) mixed,
mingled, blended, combined RV. &c. &c. ({vacAMsi mizrA} 1. {kR} A. {-kRNute}, to
mingle words, talk together RV. x, 93, 1) [818, 1]; manifold, diverse, various TS. &c. &c.;
mixed or connected or furnished with, accompanied by (instr. with or without {samam}
gen. or comp.; rarely {mizra} ibc. cf. {mizra-vAta}) VS. &c. &c.; pl. (ifc. after honorific
epithets = &c.; e.g. {Arya-mizrAH}, respectable or honourable people &c.; often also in
sg. ifc. and rarely ibc. with proper names by way of respect cf. {kRSNa-}, {madhu-m}
and comp. below); mixing, adulterating: (cf. {dhAnyam-}); m. a kind of elephant L.; (in
music) a kind of measure Sangt.; N. of various authors and other men (also abbreviation
for some names ending in {mizra} e.g. for Madana-, Mitra-, Vcaspati-mis'ra) Cat.; n.
principal and interest Lalit. (cf. {-dhana}); a species of radish L.
mishrayati = to mix
mihira = sun
miina = The Zodiacal sign Pisces
mle.nchchha = adj. barbarian
mleccha* = m. a foreigner, barbarian, non-Aryan, man of an outcast race, any person
who does not speak Sanskriit and does not conform to the usual Hind institutions S'Br.
&c. &c. ({I} f.); a person who lives by agriculture or by making weapons L.; a wicked or
bad man, sinner L.; ignorance of Sanskriit, barbarism Nyyam. Sch.; n. copper L.;

vermilion L.
mocita * = mfn. caused to be released, set free Hit.
mochaya = (verbal stem) to make free
mocayitR * = mfn. freeing, releasing Kull. on Mn. viii, 342.
modaka * = with the sweetened rice-balls
modate* = (1ap) to rejoice, to be happy
modishhye = I shall rejoice
mogha* = (or {mogha4} MaitrS.) mf({A})n. (1. {muh}) vain, fruitlets, useless,
unsuccessful, unprofitable (ibc. and {am} ind. in vain, uselessly, without cause) RV. &c.
&c.; left, abandoned MBh.; idle ib.; m. a fence, hedge L.; ({A}) f. Bignonia Suaveolens L.;
Embelia Ribes L.
moghakarmaaNaH = baffled in fruitive activities
moghaM = uselessly
moghaGYaanaaH = baffled in knowledge
moghaashaaH = baffled in their hopes
moha = temptation* = m. (1. {muh}; ifc. f. {A}) loss of consciousness, bewilderment,

perplexity, distraction, infatuation, delusion, error, folly AV. &c. &c. ({moham-brU}, to
say anything that leads to error; {mohaM-yA}, to fall into error; {mohAt} ind. through
folly or ignorance); fainting, stupefaction, a swoon MBh. Kv. &c.; (in phil.) darkness or
delusion of mind (preventing the discernment of truth and leading men to believe in the
reality of worldly objects); (with Buddhists) ignorance (one of the three roots of vice
Dharmas. 139); a magical art employed to bewilder an enemy (= {mohana}) Cat.;
wonder, amazement L.; Infatuation personified (as the offspring of Brahm) VP.
mohaM = infatuation
mohaH = illusion
mohanaM = the delusion
mohayasi = You are bewildering
mohaat.h = by illusion
mohaaddaasyati = out of infatuation+ will give
mohaaveshaM = infatuated state(moha+AveshaM-seizure)
mohitaM = deluded
mohitaaH = are bewildered
mohiniiM = bewildering

mohena = by the illusion

mohau = and illusion
moksha = emancipation of the soul from rebirth
mokshaM = the liberation
mokshakaankshibhiH = by those who actually desire liberation
mokshayishhyaami = will deliver
mokshaaya = for the purpose of liberation
mokshyase = you will be liberated
mriyate = dies
mriDa *= mfn. showing compassion or mercy, gracious Kthh. s'vGri.; m. N. of Agni
at the Prna7huti Griihys.; of S'iva S'ivag.; ({A} or {I}) f. N. of Prvati L.
mridaa * = f. clay, loam, earth S'vetUp.
mriDana *= n. showing compassion, pardoning, blessing BhP.
mriga = animal* = m. (prob. `" ranger "', `" rover "') a forest animal or wild beast, game
of any kind, (esp.) a deer, fawn, gazelle, antelope, stag, musk-deer RV. &c. &c.; the deer
or antelope in the moon (i.e. the spots on the disk supposed to resemble those of an

antelope as well as a hare); the ddisk or antantelope in the sky (either the Nakshatra
Mriiga-s'iras or the sign of the zodiac Capricorn; also in general the 10th arc of 30
degrees in a circle) Sryas. VarBriS. &c.; an elephant with partic. marks (accord. to L. `"
one the secondary marks of whose body are small "') R. Var.; a large soaring bird RV. i,
182, 7 &c.; N. of a demon or Vriitra in the form of a deer slain by Indra ib. i, 80, 7 &c.; of
a celestial being (occupying a partic. place in an astrol. house divided into 81
compartments) VarBriS. Hcat.; of a partic. class of men whose conduct in coitus
resembles that of the roebuck L.; of the district in S'aka-dvpa inhabited principally by
Brhdvipa themselves VP. (v.l. {maga}); of a horse of the Moou VP.; musk (= {mRganAbhi} or {-mada}) VarBriS.; a partic. Aja-pia sacrifice L.; search, seeking, asking,
requesting L.; ({A}) f. = {mRga-vIthI} L.; ({I}) f. a female deer or antelope, doe Hariv. R.
&c.; N. of the mythical progenitress of antelopes MBh. R. Pur.; a partic. class of women
L.; a kind of metre Col.; a partic. gait of a dancing girl Sangt.; demoniacal possession,
epilepsy L.
mriga-trishhNikaa = mirage
mrigaaNaaM = of animals
mrige.ndrataa = the nature of the king of animals
mrigya* = mfn. to be hunted after or sought for or found out Kv. Pur.; to be striven after
or aimed at ({a-m-}). Kum.; to be investigated, questionable, uncertain Vm.
mrigendraH = the lion
mrijita * = mfn. wiped , wiped off , removed BhP.

mriNaala = soft
mriSTa* = mfn. (for 2. see p. 831, col. 1.) washed, cleansed, polished, clean, pure (lit.
and fig.) RV. &c. &c.; smeared, besmeared with (instr.) R. Naish.; prepared, dressed,
savoury, dainty R. Hariv. Var. (cf. {miSTa}); sweet, pleasant, agreeable MBh. Kv. &c.;
n. pepper L.
mrishaa* ind. in vain, uselessly, to no purpose RV. &c. &c.; wrongly, fabely, feignedly,
lyingly AV. &c. &c. (with {kR}, to feign; with {jJA} or {man}, to consider false or untrue;
{mRSai9va} {tat}, that is wrong; {varanIyam mRSA budhaiH}, untruthfulness is to be
avoided by the wise); `" Untruth "' personified as the wife of A-dharma BhP.
mrita = Dead
mritaM = dead
mritasya = of the dead
mritaasana = the corpse posture
mrittikaa = mud
mrityu = of death
mrityu-bhaava = House of Death or the 8th
mrityuM = death

mrityuH = death
mrityuu = death
mrityoH = (masc.poss.S) death's
mrida.nga = drum
mridanga = Drum
mriduu = soft
mriyate = (6 ap) to die
mriishati = (6 pp) to ponder, to reflectmauna = silence
muc *= 1 cl. 1. A1. %{mocate}, to cheat Dha1tup. vi, 12 (= %{mac} q.v.)
\\2 cl. 6. P. A1. (Dha1tup. xxviii, / 136) %{muJca4ti}, %{-te} (RV. also, %{muca4nti}, %
{mucasva} ; p. %{muJcAna} MBh. ; pf., %{mumo4ca}, %{mumuce4}, Ved, also, %
{mumo4cat}, %{mu4mocati}, %{mumucas}, %{mumoktu}, %{amumuktam} ; aor. %
{a4mok} AV. ; Impv. %{mogdhi4} TA1r. ; %{amauk} Br. ; %{a4mucat} AV. ; %
{amukSi}, %{mukSata} RV. AV. ; Prec. %{mucISta} RV. ; %{mukSIya} ib. ; fut, %
{moktA}, Kalid. ; %{mokSyati}, %{-te} Br. &c. ; inf. %{moktum} Br. &c. ; ind p. %
{muktvA4} ib., %{-mu4cya} RV., %{mo4kam}, Br), to loose, let loose, free, let go,
slacken, release, liberate from, (abl. or %{-tas}) ; A1. and Pass. with abl. or instr., rarely
with gen. `" to free one's self, get rid of, escape from "') RV. &c, &c. (with %{kaNTham},
to relax the throat i.e. raise a cry ; with %{razmIn}, to slacken the reins ; with %
{prA7NAn}, to deprive of life, kill) ; to spare, let live R. ; to set free, allow to depart,

dismiss, despatch to, (`" loc. or dat.) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; to relinquish, abandon, leave,
quit, give up, set aside, depose ib. (with %{kalevaram}, %{deham}, %{prA7NAn} or %
{jIvitam}, to quit the body or give up the ghost i.e. to die) ; to yield, grant, bestow Ra1jat.
Campak. ; to send forth, shed, emit, utter, discharge, throw, cast, hurl, shoot at (`" or
upon "' loc. dat., or acc. with or without %{prati} ; with abl. and %{AtmAnam}, to throw
one's self down from) Ya1jn5. MBh. R. &c. ; (A1) to put on Bhat2t2. (Sch.): Pass. %
{mucya4te} (or %{mu4cyate}, ep. also %{-ti} and fut. %{mokSyati} ; aor. %{a4moci}), to
be loosed, to be set free or released RV. &c. &c. ; to deliver one's self from, to get rid of,
escape (esp. from sin or the bonds of existence) Mn. MBh. &c. ; to abstain from (abl.)
Pan5cat. ; to be deprived or destitute of (instr.) MBh.: Caus. %{mocayati} (m. c. also %{te} ; aor. %{amUmucat}), to cause to loose or let go or give up or discharge or shed (with
two acc.) Megh. Bhat2t2. ; to unloose, unyoke, unharness (horses) MBh. R. ; to set free,
liberate, absolve from (abl.) Mn. MBh. &c. ; to redeem (a pledge) Ya1jn5. ; to open (a
road) Prab. ; to give away, spend, bestow Ma1rkP. ; to gladden, delight, yield enjoyment
Dha1tup. xxxiii, 66: Desid. of Caus. %{mumocayiSati}, to wish to deliver (from the
bondage of existence) S3am2k. (cf., %{mumocayiSu}): Desid. %{mumukSati}, %{-te},
(P.) to wish or be about to set free Pa1n2. 7-4, 57 Sch. ; to be about to give up or
relinquish (life) Katha1s. ; to wish or intend to cast or hurl Ragh. ; (A1.) to wish to free
one's self Pa1n2. 7-4, 57 Sch. ; to desire final liberation or beatitude RV. BhP. (cf. %
{mokS}): Intens. %{momucyate} or %{monokti} Gr. [Cf. Gk. $, $, $ ; Lat.
&248859[820,3] {mungo}, {mucus}.]\\ 3 mfn. freeing or delivering from (see %{aMhom-}) ; letting go or letting fall, dropping, discharging, shooting, sending (see %{jala-}, %
{parNa-}, %{sAyaka-m-} &c.) ; f. deliverance (see %{a-mu4c}).
muchyante = get relief
mucya

mucuTI * f. a pair of forceps Vgbh.; (also {-Ti}) a closed hand, fist L.; snapping the
fingers L.
muculinda * m. a kind of big orange L. (cf. {mucalinda} and {mucilind
mudaa* = pleasure, joy, gladness
mudhaa* = ind. ( {muh}) in vain, uselessly, to no purpose MBh. Kv. &c.; falsely,
wrongly, Bhaflri. (v.l.)
mudita = delight
mudgara = hammer, mallet
mudgaraH = (m) hammer
mudraNa = printing, publication
mudraa = a seal, postures especially with hands and face * = f. (fr. {mudra} see above) a
seal or any instrument used for sealing or stamping, a seal-ring, signet-ring (cf. {aGgulim-}), any ring MBh. Kv. &c.; type for printing or instrument for lithographing L.; the
stamp or impression made by a seal &c.; any stamp or print or mark or impression MBh.
Kv. &c.; a stamped coin, piece of money, rupee, cash, medal L.; an image, sign, badge,
token (esp. a token or mark of divine attributes impressed upon the body) Kv. Pur.
Rjat.; authorization, a pass, passport (as given by a seal) Mudr.; shutting, closing (as of
the eyes or lips gen. or comp.) Kv.; a lock, stopper, bung Amar. Bhpr.; a mystery Cat.;
N. of partic. positions or intertwinings of the fingers (24 in number, commonly practised
in religious worship, and supposed to possess an occult meaning and magical efficacy

Das'. Sarvad. Krand. RTL. 204; 406); a partic. branch of education (`" reckoning by
the fingers "') DivyA7v.; parched or fried grain (as used in the S'kta or Tntrik
ceremonial) RTL. 192; (in rhet.) the natural expression of things by words, calling things
by their right names Kuval.; (in music) a dance accordant with tradition Sangt.
mudra* = mfn. joyous, glad AV.; ({A}). f. see {mudrA} below.
mugdha* = gone astray, lost, perplexed, bewildered, foolish, ignorant, silly,
inexperienced, simple, innocent, artless, attractive or charming (from youthfulness),
lovely, beautiful, tender, young, a young and beautiful female
muhu *= or ind. suddenly, in a moment RV. S3Br.
muhuH *= in comp. = %{muhur}.
muhuHprokta *= mfn. often told L.
muhuka *= n. a moment , instant (%{ai4s} ind. = prec.) RV.
muhUkara *= mfn. (fr. %{madhu-kara}) gathered or collected after the manner of bees
Cat. (cf. %{mAdhu-k-above}).
muhur *= ind. (perhaps orig. `" in a bewildering manner "') suddenly , at once , in a
moment (often with a following %{A4}) RV. AV. ; for a moment , a while RV. &c. &c. ; at
every moment , constantly , incessantly (%{muhur-muhur} , now and again , at one
moment and at another , again and again) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; on the other hand , on the
contrary S3ak.

muhur see col. 1.

muhurmuhuH = repeatedly
muhuurta *= m. n. a moment, instant, any short space of time RV. &c. &c. (ibc., in a
moment; %{ena} ind, after an instant, presently); a partic. division of time, the 3oth part
of a day, a period of 48 minutes (in pl. personified as the children of Muhu1rta) S3Br.
&c. &c.; (%{A}) f. N. of a daughter of Daksha (wife of Dharma or Manu and mother of
the Muhu1rtas) Hariv. Pur.
muhya = illusioned, bewildered, fainted, stunned
muhyati = (4 pp) to faint
muhyanti = are bewildered
mukulam.h = (n) a bud
mukta = liberated
muktaM = liberated
muktaH = released
mukta\-hasta\-shirshhaasana = the freehand headstand posture
muktasangaH = liberated from association

muktasya = of the liberated

muktaanaaM = pearls or released
muktaasana = the liberated posture
muktiM = salvation/freedom
muktvaa = quitting
mukha = mouth
mukhaM = mouth
mukhadvaaram.h = (n) the main entrance gate (of a house)
mukhapuTalekhaH = (m) cover story
mukhaani = faces
mukhe = through the mouth
mukhyaM = the chief
mukhya * = mf({A})n. being in or coming from or belonging to the mouth or face AV. &c.
&c.; being at the head or at the beginning, first, principal, chief, eminent (ifc. = the first
or best or chief among, rarely = {mukha} or {Adi} q.v.) TS. &c. &c.; m. a leader, guide
Km.; N. of a tutelary deity (presiding over one of the 81 or 63 divisions or Padas of an

astrological house) VarBriS. Hcat.; pl. a class of gods under Manu Svarni Pur.; ({A}) f.
N. of the residence of Varuna VP.; n. an essential rite W.; reading or teaching the Vedas
ib.; the month reckoned from new moon to new moon ib.; moustache Gal.
mulaalin* = m. or {mulAli} f. (prob.) a species of edible lotus AV.
muNDaM = head
muNDii = shaven head
munayaH = the sages
muniH = a sage
muniinaaM = of the sages
muneH = sage
mumocha = left, gave up
mumukshaa *= f. (fr. Desid.) desire of liberation from (abl.) or of final emancipation
MBh. Ka1v. Pur.
mumukshaa *= %{-kSu}, %{mumucAna}, %{-cu} see p. 821, col. 2.
mumukshubhiH = who attained liberation
mumuurshA *= shu. see p. 827 , col. 2.

mumuurshA *= f. (fr. Desid.) desire of death , impatience of life MBh. R. &c.

mumuurshu *= mfn. wishing or being about to die , moribund ib.
muja *= m. `" sounding, rustling (?) "', a species of rush or sedge-like grass,
Saccharum Sara or Munja (which grows to the height of 10 feet, and is used in
basketwork) S3Br. &c. &c.; the Bra1hmanical girdle formed of Munja (cf. %{mauJja}
Mn. ii, 27, 42 &c.) an arrow(?) W.; N. of a king of Dha1ra1 Das3ar.; of a prince of
Campa1 Pin3g. Sch.; of a man with the patr. Sa1mas3irsvasa Shad2vBr.; of a Bra1hman
MBh.; of various authors &c. Cat.; (%{A}) f. N. of a river VP.; = m. (see comp. below).
mura * = 1 n. encompassing, surrounding L.; ({A}) f. see 2. {mura}. \\2 m. N. of a
Daitya slain by Kriishna MBh. Hariv. BhP. (cf. {muru}); ({A}) f. a species of fragrant
plant (named after the Daitya) Bhpr.; said to be the N. of the wife of Nanda and mother
of Caudragupta VP.; n. see under 1, {mura}.
murabhit.h = one who has killed Mura - Lord Vishnu
muralii = flute
muraliidhara = one who holds flute attribute to Krishna
muraari = the enemy of `Mura' (Lord Krishna)murAri * = m. `" enemy of Mura "'N. of
Kriishna or Vishnu Kv. Pur. Kaths.; N. of the author of the Mura7ri-nthaka or
Anargha-rghava; of a Sch. on the Ktantra grammar and other authors &c. (also with
{pA7Thaka}, {bhaTTa}, {mizra} &c.) Cat.; {-gupta} m. N. of a disciple of Caitanya Cat.;
{-nATaka} n. Mura7ri's drama i.e. Anargha-rghava ({-vyAkhyA}, f. and {-vyAkhyApUrNa-sarasvatI} f. N. of Comms, on it); {-mizrIya} n. N. of wk.; {-vljaya} n. N. of a

drama by Kriishna-kavi (son of Nrii-sinha); {-zrI-pati} m. (with {sAvabhauma}) N. of an

author Cat.
muraare = Oh Mura's enemy!(KrishhNa)
murchhaa = mind-fainting
muru * = m. N. of a country MBh.; of a Daitya (= {mura}) MBh. (C. {maru}) Hariv. VP.;
a species of plant (in explanation of {maurvI}) PrGri. Sch.; a kind of iron L.; ({U}) f. (in
music) a kind of dance Sangt.
musala = pestle* = m. n. (often spelt {muzala} or {muSala}; cf. Un. i, 108 Sch.) a pestle,
(esp.) a wooden pestle used for cleaning rice AV. &c, &c.; a mace, club Mn. MBh. &c. (cf.
{cakra-m-}); the clapper of a bell Kaths.; a partic. surgical instrument Sus'r.; a partic.
constellation VarBriS.; the 22nd astron. Yoga or division of the moos path MW.; m. N.
of a son of Vis'mitra MBh.; ({I}) f. Curculigo Orclnoides L.; Salvinia Cucullata L.; a
house-lizard L.; an alligator L.
mushhTiH = (m) fist
mushita* = mfn. stolen, robbed, carried off RV. &c. &c.; plundered, stripped, naked
S'Br. GriS.; bereft or deprived of, free from (acc. ) RV.; removed, destroyed, annihilated
Ratna7v. Kaths.; blinded, obscured MBh.; seized, ravished, captivated, enraptured
MBh. Kv. &c.; surpassed, excelled Kvya7d.; deceived, cheated Ratna7v. BhP.; made
fun of Rjat.
mushtha mfn. stolen , robbed &c. (a rarer form for %{muSita}) Ka1v. Pan5cat. ; ri.
theft , robbery W.

muslima = Muslim
musta mn. and(%{A}) f. a species of grass , Cyperue Rotundus Ka1v. Var. Sus3r. (n.
prob. the root of CCyperue RRotundus).mukshiya = release (Verb)
muuDha = foolish person
muuDhaH = the fool
muuDhamate = O, foolish mind!
muuDhayonishhu = in animal species
muuDhaa = fools
muuDhaaH = foolish men
muudha = foolish man
muuDha * = mfn. stupefied, bewildered, perplexed, confused, uncertain or at a loss
about (loc. or comp.) AV. &c.&c.; stupid, foolish, dull, silly, simple Mn. MBh. &c.;
swooned, indolent L.; gone astray or adrift As'vGri.; driven out of its course (as a ship)
R.; wrong, out of the right place (as the fetus in delivery) Sus'r.; not to be ascertained, not
clear, indistinct past. R.; perplexing, confounding VP.; m. a fool, dolt MBh. Kv. &c.;
pl. (in Snkhya) N. of the elements Tattvas.; n. confusion of mind Sarvad.
muuDha * = {mUDha-garbha} &c. see col. 2

muuka = dumb
muulaani = roots
muulaashinau = roots-eaters (2 persons)
muula = Also spelt Moola. The nineteenth nakshatra\\* = n. (or m. g. {ardharcA7di}; ifc.
f. {A} or {I}; prob. for 3. {mU4ra} see above) "' firmly fixed "', a root (of any plant or
tree; but also fig. the foot or lowest part or bottom of anything) RV. &c. &c. ({mUlaM}
{kR} or {bandh}, to take or strike root); a radish or the root of various other plants (esp.
of Arum Campanulatum, of long pepper, and of Costus Speciosus or Arabicus) L.; the
edge (of the horizon) Megh.; immediate neighbourhood ({mama mUtam} = to my side)
R.; basis, foundation, cause, origin, commencement, beginning ({mUlAd Arabhya} or
{A} {mUlAt}, from the begbeginning; {mUlAt}, from the bottom, thoroughly; {mUlaM}
{kramataz ca}, right through from beginning DivyA7v.) Mn. MBh. &c. (ibc.= chief
principal cf. below; ifc. = rooted in, based upon, derived from); a chief or principal city
ib.; capital (as opp. to `" interest "') SmavBr. Prab.; an original text (as opp. to the
commentary or gloss) R. Kaths. Sus'r.; a king's original or proper territory Mn. vii, 184;
a temporary (as opp. to the rightful) owner Mn. viii, 202; an old or hereditary servant, a
native inhabitant MW.; the square root Sryas.; a partic. position of the fingers (=
{mUta-bandha}) Pacar.; a copse, thicket L.; also m. and ({A}) f. N. of the 17th (or 19th)
lunar mansion AV. &c. &c.; m. herbs for horses, food DivyA7v.; N. of Sad-s'iva Cat.;
({A}) f. Asparagus Racemosus L.; ({I}) f. a species of small house-lizard L.; mfn.
original, first Cat.; = {nija}, own, proper, peculiar L.
muulabandhaasana = the ankle-twist posture

muulaja* = mfn. `" rroot-born "', growing from a rroot L.; formed at the roots of trees
MBh.; m. a plant growing from a rroot (as a lotus) W.; n. green ginger L.
muulajAti* = f. chief or principal origin L.; = {-guNa-jAti} above MW.
muulakRt* = mfn. preparing rroot (for magical uses) AV.
muuLa = Nineteenth nakshatra
muulaM = rooted
muulashodhana = cleansing the rectum
muulatas* = ind. on the root, on the lower side TBr. Kaus'. &c.; {A} mmagical, from the
rroot upwards Riitus.; from the beginning Kaths.
muulatrikona = Root trine. Specially favourable sign positions for planets. Almost as
good as Exaltation
muulatva* = n. the state of being a root or foundation or source, the having a
ffoundation ({tan-mUlatvAt} {prajAnAM rAjA skandhaH}, `" the king is the stem of his
subjects through their being his root "'; {veda-mUlatva}, `" the fact that the Veda is the
original source of all knowledge "'; {zAstra-m-}, `" the being founded upon the S'stras
"') Km. (cf. {tan-m-}). [826,3]
muulya = value, worth
muulyaankaH = (m) postage stamp

muura4 * = 1 mf({A})n. (either = {mUDha} or fr. {mRR}) dull, stupid, foolish RV.
PacavBr. \\= 2 mfn. (fr. 1. {mU} = {mIv}) rushing, impetuous (said of Indra's horses)
RV. iii 43, 6 (Sy. = {mAraka}). \\ = 3 n. (prob. also fr. 1. {mU} and meaning `"
something firm and fixed "' cf. Ks'. on Pn. 8-2, 18) = {mUla}, a root AV. i, 28, 3.
muurchana *= mfn. stupefying , causing insensibility (applied to one of the 5 arrows of
Ka1ma-deva) R. ; (ifc.) strengthening , augmenting , confirming Pan5car. ; n. (m. c.) and
(%{A}) f. fainting , swooning. syncope Sus3r. Kir. Sch. ; (in music) modulation , melody ,
a regulated rise or fall of sounds through the Gra1ma or musical scale (ifc. f. %{A}) Ka1v.
Pur. Sam2gi1t. ; n. vehemence , violence , prevalence , growth , increase (of diseases , fire
&c.) MBh. ; (also %{A} f.) a partic. process in metallic preparations , calcining
quicksilver with sulphur Bhpr. Rasar.
muurchita *= mfn. fainted , stupefied , insensible (n. impers.) MBh. Ka1v. &c. calcined ,
solidified (said of quicksilver) Sarvad. ; intensified , augmented increased , grown ,
swollen (ifc. = filled or pervaded or mixed with) MBh. Ka1v. Sus3r. ; tall , lofty W. ;
reflected (as rays) Var. ; agitated , excited MBh. ; n. a kind of song or air BhP.
muurdhajaa = hair (from the head)
muurdhan.h = head
muurdhni = on the head
muurkha = fool* = mf({A4})n. stupid, foolish, silly, dull TS. Mn. &c.; inexperienced in
(loc.) Kaths.; = {gayatrI-rahita} or {sA7rtha-gAyatrI-rahita} L.; m. a fool, blockhead
Bhartri.; Phaseolus Radiatus L.; N. of a poet Cat.

muurtayaH = forms
muurti = idol* = f. any solid body or material form, (pl. material elements, solid
particles; ifc. = consisting or formed of) Up. Mn. MBh. &c.; embodiment, manifestation,
incarnation, personification TBr. Mn. MBh. &c. (esp. of S'iva Hcat.); anything which has
definite shape or limits (in phil. as mind and the 4 elements earth, air, fire, water, but not
{AkAza}, ether IW. 52 n. 1), a person, form, figure, appearance MBh. Kv. &c.; an image,
idol, statue Kv.; beauty Pacat.; N. of the first astrological house VarBriS.; of a
daughter of Daksha and wife of Dharma BhP.; m. N. of a Riishi under the 10th Manu ib.;
of a son of Vasishthha VP.
muurkha * = mf(%{A4})n. stupid, foolish, silly, dull TS. Mn. &c.; inexperienced in (loc.)
Katha1s.; = %{gayatrI-rahita} or %{sA7rtha-gAyatrI-rahita} L.; m. a fool, blockhead
Bhartr2.; Phaseolus Radiatus L.; N. of a poet Cat.
muushhakaH = (m) mouse
muushhakadhvajam.h = having the mouse as the flag
muushita* = mfn. = {muSita}, stolen, robbed, plundered L

N
naabhiM = navel
naabha * ifc. (mfn.) = {nAbhi}, nave, navel, central point (cf. {abja-nAbha}, {vajra-n-},

{su-n-} &c.); m. N. of S'iva MBh.; of a son of S'ruta and father of Sindhudvpa BhP.
nabhi m. a wheel W.
naabhi *= f. (prob. fr. 1. %{nabh}, `" to burst asunder or into a hole "'; ifc. f. %{i} or %
{I} Va1m. v, 49) the navel (also nnavel-string cf. %{-kRntana}), a navel-like cavity RV.
&c. &c. (in later language also m. and %{-bhI} f.); the nave of a wheel ib. (also m. L., and
%{-bhI} f.); centre, central point, ppoint of junction or of departure, home, origin, esp.
common oorigin, affinity, relationship; a near relation or friend ib. (m. L.); musk: (= %
{mRra-n-}) L.; m. or f. musk-deer Megh. 53 (?) BhP.; m. a chief (= central point) of
(gen.) Ragh. xviii, 19 (cf. %{maNDala-nAbhi-tA}); a sovereign or lord paramount (= %
{mukhya-rAj}) L.; a Kshatriya L.; N. of a grandson of Priya-vrata (son of Agnidhra and
father of R2ishabha) Pur.; of the father of R2ishabha (first Arhat of the present
Avasarpin2i) L. [Cf. Angl. Sax. {nafu}, {nafela}; Germ. {naba}, {Nabe}, {nabolo},
{Nabel}; Eng. {nave}, {navel}.]
naabhasa* = mf({I})n. (fr. {nabhas}) celestial, heavenly, appearing in the sky Var.; (with
{yoga}) N. of certain constellations ib. (according to Bhaththo7pala 2, divided into 4
classes, viz. 3 s'raya-, 2 Dala-, 20 kriiti- and 7 Sankhy-yogas).
naabhijaanaati = does not know
naabhipedaasana = the upward ankle-twist posture
naabhiideshaM = nAbhI+deshaM, navel+region/country
naaDii = a channel within the subtle body

naaDiishodhana = the purification of the nadis

naada = Sound
naaDa* = n. (fr. {naDa}) = {nAla}, a hollow stalk L.; ({A}) f. N. of a partic. verse Vait.
naada* = m. ( {nad}) a loud sound, roaring, bellowing, crying RV. &c. &c.; any sound or
tone Prt. R. &c. (= {zabda} L.); (in the Yoga) the nasal sound repressented by a
semicircle and used as an abbreviation in mystical words BhP.; a praiser (= {stotR})
Naigh. iii, 16.
naadaH = the sound
naadabrahma = Blissful tone
naaDi * = 1 m. the son of Nad2a Pa1n2. 4-1, 99 Ka1s3.\\ 2 f. any tube or pipe, (esp.) a
tubular organ (as a vein or artery of the body) BhP. (cf. %{nADI}).\\
naadi * = 1 mfn. sounding, roaring Pa1rGr2. [535,1]
naaDii f. (fr. %{nADa} nom. %{-DI4s} RV. x, 135, 7) the tubular stalk of any plant or
any tubular organ (as a vein or artery of the body) ; any pipe or tube RV. &c. &c. ; a flute
RV. Ka1t2h. ; the box of a wheel TS. Ka1t2h. ; a fistulous sore Sus3r. ; the pulse W. ; any
hole or crevice Katha1s. ; a sort of bent grass (= %{gaNDa-dUrvA}) L. ; a strap of
leather, thong L. ; a measure of time = 1/2 Muhu1rta Var. ; a juggling trick, deception L.
naaga = snake

naagaphaNii = cactus
naagabandha = cobra pattern, a form of poetry
naagavalli = the paan (betel leaf)
naagaanaaM = of the manyhooded serpents
naagaashana = peacock (whose food is snakes)
naagendra = elephant
naa4husha* = 1 mf({I})n. (fr. {na4huSa}) neighbouring, kindred; m. neighbour,
kinsman RV. \\* = 2 m. (fr. {na4huSa}) patron. of Yayti MBh. R &c. N. of a serpentdemon VyuP.
naaka = heaven, sky *= m. ( %{nam}[?] ; according to Br. and Nir. fr. 2. %{na4} + 2 %
{-a4ka}, `" where there is no pain "' [?] ; cf. Pa1n2. 6-3, 75 and below mfn. ) vault of
heaven (with or scil. %{diva4s}), firmament, sky (generally conceived as threefold cf. %
{tri-diva}, %{tri-nAka}, and AV. xix, 27, 4 ; in VS. xvii, 67 there is a fivefold scale, viz. %
{pRthivI}, %{antari-kSa}, %{div}, %{divo-nAka}, and %{svar-jyotis}) RV. &c. &c. ; the
sun Naigh. i. 4 ; N. of a Maudgalya S3Br. &c. ; of a myth. weapon of Arjuna MBh. ; of a
dynasty VP. ; mfn. painless ChUp. ii, 10, 5.
naakshatra* = mf({I})n. relating to the Nakshatras, starry, sidereal Lthy. Var. &c.; m.
astronomer, astrologer MBh.; n. a month computed by the moos passage through the
27 mansions, or of 30 days of 60 Ghaths each W.

naalaH = (m) tap

naalikaa = (f) pipe
naama = Name
naaman.h = name
naamabhiH = the names of rAma
naamabhirdivyaiH = by the divine `nAmAs'(names)
naamayati = to bend
naamasmaraNaat.h = (exceept) through/from rememberance of the lord's name
naana * = m. N. of a man (also {-bhaTTa}) Cat.; ({A}) f. coin (= = {nANaka}) Hcat.
naanaa = many * = 1 ind. (Pn. 5-2, 27; g. {svarAdi}) differently, variously, distinctly,
separately, (often used as an adj. = various, different, distinct from [with instr. e.g.
{vizvaM na} {nAnA} {zambhunA}, `" the Universe is not distinct from S'S'ambhun "'
Vop.; rarely mfn. e.g. {nArISu nAnAsu} Pacar.] esp. in comp.; cf. below) RV. &c. &c.; {vinA}, without (with instr. abl. or acc.) Pn. 2-3, 32.
naanaatva* = n. difference, variety, manifoldness Br. MBh. &c.; {-vAda-tattva} n. N. of
wk.
naanaabhaavaan.h = multifarious situation

naanaatva * =n. difference, variety, manifoldness Br. MBh. &c.; %{-vAda-tattva} n. N. of

wk.
naanaavidhaani = variegated
naanritaM = na + anR\^itaM: not untruth
naantaM = no end
naanyaM = na+anyaM, no other
naanyagaaminaa = without their being deviated
naaNakam.h = (n) coin
naaraaca *= m. (fr. ?) an iron arrow , any aarrow MBh. Ka1v. &c. (cf. %{ardha-}) ;
water-elephant (= %{jale7bha}) L. ; a bad or cloudy day (?) L. ; (%{I}) f. a goldsmith's
scales ; n. a kind of metre Col. (cf. %{nar-}) ; a partic. medicament Car.
naarangaphalam.h = (n) orange
naaradaH = Narada
naarasi.nhii = pertaining to Narasimha
naaraayaNaH = Lord Narayana
naaraayaaNa = the supporter of life - Vishnu

naara4 * = relating to or proceeding from men, human, mortal Mn. Kv.; spiritual (?)
W.; m. a man Tr. (v.l.); (pl.) water (also sg. n. and {A} f. L.) Mn. i, 10 (prob. invented to
explain {nArAyaNa}); = {nArAyaNa} L.; a calf L.; ({I}) f. see {nArI}; n. a multitude of
men L.; dry ginger L.
naa4ra * = ka mf({I})n. (fr. {naraka}) relating to hell, hellish, infernal; (with {loka4}) m.
hell AV. (also {nAraka4} m. VS.); m. inhabitant of hell Pur.
naaraayaNa * = m. (patr. fr. {na4ra} q.v.) the son of the original Man (with whom he is
generally associated e.g. Mn. i, 10; he is identified with Brahm ib. 11 with Vishnu or
Kriishna Tr. MBh. &c.; the Apsaras Urvas' is said to have sprung from his thigh Hariv.
4601; elsewhere he is regarded as a Kas'yapa or Angirasa, also as chief of the Sdhyas,
and with Jainas as the 8th of the 9 black Vsudevas); the Purusha-hymn (Ry. x, 90, said
to have been composed by NNryana4) S'Br. S'nkhS'r.; (as synonym of Vishnu) N. of
the 2nd month (reckoning from Mrgas'rsha) Var.; a mystical N. of the letter {A} Up.;
N. of a son of Aj-mila BhP.; of a son of Bhu-mitra or Bhmi-mitra (a prince of the
dynasty of the Kanvlyanas) Pur.; of a son of Nara-hari Kshiti7s'.; of sev. men, authors
and commentators (also with {AcArya}. {kavi}, {gArgya}, {cakra-cUDAmaNi}, {daivavid}, {dharmA7dhikArin}, {paNDina}, {paNDita}, {dharmA7dkikAriG}
{paNDitA7cArya}, {parivrAj}, {bhaTTa} [cf. below, and {bhaTTa-n-}], {bhaTTA7cArya},
{bhaTTA7raDa}, {bhAratI}, {bhiSaj}, {muni}, {yati}, {yatI7vara}, {rAya}, {vandya},
{vAdI7zvara}, {vidyA-vinoda}, {vaiSNava-muni}, {zarman}, {sarasvatI}, {sarva-jJa},
{sArvabhauma}); mf({I})n. relating or belonging to Nryana or Kriishna MBh. &c. (m.
pl. the warriors of KKriishna, iv, 147); n. (with {kSetra}) N. of the ground on the banks
of the Ganges for a distance of 4 cubits from he water L.; (with {cUrNa}) a partic.
medicinal powder Bhpr.; (with {taila}) a medic. oil expressed from various plants ib.
[537, 1]; ({I}) f. see s.v.

naarikela = coconut
naarikelaH = (m) coconut
naarikelam.h = (n) coconut
naarii = female
naariiNaaM = of women
naaryaH = (fem.nom.pl.) women
naathaka = (m) a play, drama
naath = lord
naatha = Protector
naathaaya = to the protector or lord
naasha = destruction
naaza *= 1 m. (1%{naz}) attainment (see %{dUN-}).\\ 2 m. (2. %{naz}) the being lost,
loss, disappearance, destruction, annihilation, ruin, death Br. Mn. MBh. &c. (ifc.
destroying, annihilating cf. %{karma-nAzA}, %{graha-nAta}, %{duH-svapna.n-}); flight,
desertion W.; (arithm.) elimination ib.; (%{I}) f. N. of a river near Benares L.
naashaH = loss

naashanaM = the destroyer

naashanam.h = destroyer
naashayati = destroys
naashayaami = dispel
naashaaya = for destruction
naashitaM = is destroyed
naas'ya *= mfn. liable to be destroyed or removed or banished Bha1sha1p. Kap. (%{tva} n.)
naashha = destruction
naasaabhyantara = within the nostrils
naasikaa = nose
naasti = na+asti, not there
naava * = 1 m. ( -4. {nu}) a shout of joy or triumph RV. \\ 2 = {nau}, a boat, a ship (in
comp. f. {ardha-n-}, {dvi-n-} Pn. 5-4, 99, 100); ({A4}) f. id. RV. i, 97, 8.
naavaasana = the boat posture

naava = a boat
naaya* = m. ( %{nI}) a leader, guide RV. vi, 24, 10; 46, 11 (pr. N. Sa1y.; cf. %{azva-}, %
{go-}); guidance, direction L.; policy, means, expedient Bhat2t2. Sch.
naayaka * =m. a guide, leader, chief, lord, principal MBh. Kv. &c. (with or scil.
{sainyasya}, a general, commander; ifc. f. {akA} cf. a. {nAyaka}); a husband BhP.; (in
dram.) the lover or hero; the central gem of a necklace (implying also `" a general "' cf.
{nAyakAya} and {mahA-nAyaka}); a paradigm or example (in gram.); N. of Gautama
Buddha Buddh.; of a Brhman Rjat.; of an author (also {bhaTTa-n-}) Cat.; m. or n. a
kind of musk L. (cf. {nAyikA-cUrNa}); ({ikA}) f. see {nAyikA}; {-tva} n. leadership R.
naayakaaH = captains
Na * = 1: no, it is not so "' Bdar. ii, 1, 35 Sarvad. ii, 15 \\2 m. knowledge L.; certainty,
ascertainment L.; ornament L.; a water-house L.; = {nirvRti} (invented for the etymology
of {kriSNa}, ) MBh. v, 70, 5 Sch.; a bad man L.; N. of S'iva or of a Buddh. deity L.; the
sound of negation L.; gift L.
na * =or not-but * =1 the dental nasal (found at the beginning of words and before or
after dental consonants as well as between vowels; subject to conversion into $ Pn. 8-4,
1-39). = 1. * = 2 ind. not, no, nor, neither RV. ({nA}, x, 34, 8) &c. &c. (as well in simple
negation as in wishing, requesting and commanding, except in prohibition before an
Impv. or an augmentless aor. [cf. a. {mA}]; in successive sentences or clauses either
simply repeated e.g. Mn.iv, 34; or strengthened by another particle, esp. at the second
place or further on in the sentence e.g. by {u} [cf. {no7}], {uta4}, {api}, {cA7pi}, {vA},
{vA7pi} or {atha vA} RV. i, 170, 1; 151, 9 Nal. iii, 24, &c.; it may even be replaced by {ca},

{vA}, {api ca}, {api vA}, &c. alone, as Mn.ii, 98 Nal.i, 14, &c.; often joined with other
particles, beside those mentioned above esp. with a following {tu}, {tv eva}, {tv eva tu},
{ce7d} q.v., {khalu} q.v., {ha} [cf. g. {cA7di} and Pn. 8-1, 31] &c.; before round or
collective numbers and after any numeral in the instr. or abl. it expresses deficiency e.g.
{ekayA na viMzati}, not 20 by 1 i.e. 19 S'Br.; {paJcabhir na catvAri zatAni}, 395 ib.; with
another {na} or an {a} priv. it generally forms a strong affirmation [cf. Vm. v, 1, 9] e.g.
{ne7yaM na vakSyati}, she will most certainly declare S'ak. iii, 9; {nA7daNDyo 'sti}, he
must certainly be punished Mn. viii, 335; it may also, like {a}, form compounds Vm. v,
2, 13 [cf. below]); that not, lest, for fear lest (with Pot.) MBh. R. Das'. &c.; like, as, as it
were (only in Veda and later artificial language, e.g. {gauro na tRSitaH piba}, drink like
[lit. `" not "' i.e. `" although not being "'] a thirsty deer; in this sense it does not coalesce
metrically with a following vowel). [Cf. Gk. $; Lat. &161835[523, 1] {ne8-}; Angl. Sax.
{ne}, `" not "'; Eng. {no}, &c.] -2. na \\3 (L.) mfn. thin, spare; vacant, empty; identical;
unvexed, unbroken; m. band, fetter; jewel, pearl; war; gift; welfare; N. of Buddha; N. of
Gane7s'a; = {prastuta}; = {dviraNDa} (?); ({A}) f. the navel; a musical instrument;
knowledge.
na = not
nabha * = the sky* = m. (rather fr. {nabh} denoting `" bursting forth "' or `" expanding
"' than fr. {nah} `" connecting "', scil. heaven and earth) the sky, atmosphere (=
{nabhas}) L.; the month S'rvana Car.; N. of a son of Manu Svrocisha or of the 3rd
MManu (together with Nabhasya) Hariv.; of one of 7 sages of the 6th Manv-antara ib.;
of a demon (son of Vipra-citti by Sinhik) ib. VP.; of a son of Nala (Nishadha) and father
of Pundarka (cf. {nabhas}) Hariv. BhP.; ({A}) f. a spitting-pot (?) L.; N. of the city of the
sun W.

nabha * m. (rather fr. {nabh} denoting `" bursting forth "' or `" expanding "' than fr.
{nah} `" connecting "', scil. heaven and earth) the sky, atmosphere (= {nabhas}) L.; the
month S'rvana Car.; N. of a son of Manu Svrocisha or of the 3rd MManu (together
with Nabhasya) Hariv.; of one of 7 sages of the 6th Manv-antara ib.; of a demon (son of
Vipra-citti by Sinhik) ib. VP.; of a son of Nala (Nishadha) and father of Pundarka (cf.
{nabhas}) Hariv. BhP.; ({A}) f. a spitting-pot (?) L.; N. of the city of the sun W.
nabhaHsprishaM = touching the sky
nabhasa* = mfn. vapoury, misty AV.; m. sky, atmosphere L.; the rainy season L.; the
ocean L.; N. of a Rishi of the 10th Manv-antara Hariv.; of a Dnava ib. (v.l. {rabhasa}
and {razmisa}); of a son of Nala, Vp.
nabhastala = sky
Nactan' = 'nigth
nada = The Universal Sound. Vibration
naDa* = or m. (L. also n.) a species of reed, Arundo Tibialis or Karka RV. AV. S'Br.
nada* = m. a roarer, bellower, thunderer, crier, neigher &c. (as a cloud, horse, bull, met.
a man, i, 179, 4) RV.; N. of RV. viii, 58, 2 (beginning with {nadam}) S'Br. S'nkhS'r.; a
river (if thought of as male ifc. ind. {-nadam}; cf. {nadI}) Mn. MBh. &c.; = {naDa}, reed
RV. i, 32, 8; ({I}) f. see {nadI4}.
nadanu *= m. noise , din RV. viii , 21 , 14 ; the sound of approbation MW. ; war , battle
Naigh. ii , 17 ; a cloud (%{nada4nu}) Un2. iii , 52 Sch. ; a lion L. ; %{-ma4t} mfn. roaring

, thundering RV. vi , 18 , 2.
nadi = (f) river
nadiinaaM = of the rivers
naga = the vital air that causes burping* = m. `" not moving "' (cf. {a4-ga}), a mountain
(ifc. f. {A}; cf. {sa-naga}) AV.&c. &c.; the number 7 (because of the 7 principal
mountains; cf. {kula-giri}) Sryas.; any tree or plant MBh. Kv. &c.; a serpent L.; the sun
L.
naH = by us, of us, ours (see nas)
nah* = 1 cl. 4. P. A1. (Dha1tup. xxvi, 57) %{na4hyati}, %{-te} (Pot. %{-nahet} MBh.; %
{nahyur} AitBr.; p. A1. %{na4hyamAna} [also with pass. meaning] RV. &c.; pf. %
{nanAha}, %{nehe}; fut. %{natsyati}, %{naddhA} Siddh. [cf. Pa1n2. 8-2, 34]; aor, %
{anAtsIt}, Bhst2t2.; %{anaddha} Vop.; ind. p. %{naddhvA} Gr.; %{-na4hya} Br. &c.; inf.
%{-naddhum} Ka1v.) to bind, tie, fasten, bind on or round or together; (A1.) to put on (as
armour &c.), arm one's self. RV. &c. &c.: Pass. %{nahyate}, p. %{-hyamAna} (see
above): Caus. %{nAhayati} (aor. %{anInahat} Gr.) to cause to bind together BhavP.:
Desid. %{ninatsati}, %{-te} Gr.: Intens. %{nAnahyate}, %{nAnaddhi}. ib. [Prob. for %
{nagh}; cf. Lat. {nectere}, Germ. {Nestel} (?).]\\2 (only in %{na4dbihyas} RV. x, 60, 6;
but cf. %{akSA-na4h}) a bond, tie.
nahi = No; never
nahusha * = m.= {na4hus} RV. i, 31, 11; v, 12, 6; (prob.) N. of a man, viii, 46, 27; of a son
of Manu and author of RV. ix, 101 Anukr.; of an ancient king (son of yu or yus [cf. RV.

i. 31, 11] and father of Yayti; he took possession of Indra's throne but was afterwards
deposed and changed into a serpent Mn. vii, 41 MBh. R. &c. (cf. RTL. 240); according to
R. i, 72, 30 and ii, 119, 30 he is a son of Ambarisha and father of Nabhga); of a serpentdemon MBh. Hariv.; of a Marut Hariv.; of Vishnu-Kriishna MBh. [532, 3]
nahyati = (4 pp) to bind
naiH* = Vriiddhi form of {niH} (for {nis}) in comp.
nahusha* = m.= {na4hus} RV. i, 31, 11; v, 12, 6; (prob.) N. of a man, viii, 46, 27; of a son
of Manu and author of RV. ix, 101 Anukr.; of an ancient king (son of yu or yus [cf. RV.
i. 31, 11] and father of Yayti; he took possession of Indra's throne but was afterwards
deposed and changed into a serpent Mn. vii, 41 MBh. R. &c. (cf. RTL. 240); according to
R. i, 72, 30 and ii, 119, 30 he is a son of Ambarisha and father of Nabhga); of a serpentdemon MBh. Hariv.; of a Marut Hariv.; of Vishnu-Kriishna MBh. [532, 3]
naihara * =produced by mist or fog
naipuNa * = mfn. = %{nipuNa} (ifc.) Ja1takam. ; n. = next.
naipuNya * = (cf. g. %{brAhmaNA7di}) n. dexterity, experience in (gen. or comp.), skill
or anything which requires skill ; completeness, totality (%{ena} ind. totally, exactly) Mn.
MBh. R. &c.
naitika = (adj) ethical
naiva = never is it so

naisargikabala = Natural strength and a part of Shad Bala or Six strength calculation
method of planetary weighting
naiHzreyasa* = mf({i})n. leading to happiness or future beatitude Mn. ({-sika}, xii, 88)
MBh.; n. N. of a wood in the world of Vishnu BhP.
naiHsaGgya* = n. absence of attachment, indifference Jtakam.
naiHsargika* = mfn. cast off, put off DivyA7v.; N. of partic. transgressions punished with
the confiscation of something belonging to the transgressor Buddh.
naiHsnehya* = n. absence of love or affection Mn. ix, 15.
naiHspRhya* = n. absence of longing for anything Kv.
naiHsvabhAvya* = n. (fr. {niH-svabhAva}) L.
naiHsvya* = n. (fr. {nih-sva}) absence of property, destitution, poverty Var.
naihaara * = mfn. (fr. {nI-hAra}) produced by mist or fog BhP.
naimitta * = mfn. (fr. %{ni-mitta}) relating to or explanatory of signs g. %{RgayanA7di}
; m. an interpreter of prognostics, fortune-teller L. (also %{-ttaka} DivyA7v.)
naimittika * = mf(%{I})n. produced by any or by some partic. cause, occasional,
special, accidental (opp. to %{nitya}) Ka1tyS3r. Mn. MBh. &c. (%{-tva} n. Kap. Sch.) ; m.
= prec. m. g. %{ukthA7di} DivyA7v. ; n. an effect (see %{nimitta-n-}) ; = next W.

naimittikakriyA * = f. an occasional or periodical ceremony or rite (as observed on the

birth of a child &c.) ib.
naipuNa* = zie nipuNa
nairaas'ya* = n. hopelessness, non-expectancy, despair at ({prati} or comp.) MBh. R. &c.
nairaas'ya * =nairAzya n. hopelessness, non-expectancy, despair at ({prati} or comp.)
MBh. R. &c.
nairrita *= mf(%{I4})n. belonging or consecrated to Nirr2iti (q.v.) AV. S3Br. &c. ;
south-western Mn. MBh. Sus3r. &c. ; belonging to the Ra1kshasas MBh. (see m.) ;
relating to the lunar mansion Nairr2ita (Mu1la) Cat. ; m. a child of Nirr2iti, a Ra1kshasa
or demon MBh. R. &c. (%{-kanyA} f. a Ra1kshasa girl R. ; %{-rAja} m. the
RRa1kshasa-king ib.) ; N. of one of the Loka-pa1las (the ruler of the south-west quarter
L. ; cf. Dharmas. 8) ; of a Rudra Hariv. (C. %{nir-Rti}) ; pl. N. of a people MBh. ; (%{I})
f. (with or sc. %{diz}) the south-west quarter Mn. MBh. Var. ; N. of Durga1 Devi1m. ; n.
the lunar mansion Mu1la Var.
naisarga *= mfn. innate, natural BhP.
naishaa = na + eshA:no + this(fem.)
naishkarmyaM = freedom from reaction
naishkarmyakarma = actionless action
naishkarmyasiddhiM = the perfection of nonreaction

naishkritikaH = expert in insulting others

naishthhika* = (or {naiH-}; see 2. {ni-SThA}) mf({i})n. forming the end, final, last MBh.
Hariv. Ragh.; definitive, fixed, firm MBh. R. Yj.; highest, perfect, complete MBh. Kv.
Pur. ({-sundara} mfn. perfectly beautiful Kum. v, 62); completely versed in or familiar
with (comp.) Var.; belonging to the character or office of a perpetual student W.; m. a
perpetual religious student or Brhman who observes the vow of chastity Rjat. BhP.
naishthhikiiM = unflinching
nakulaH = (m) a mongoose
nakta.ncharaantakam.h = the finisher(destroyer) of the
nakra = a crocodile
nakha = nail
nakshatra = A division of the Zodiac into 27 parts. There were originally 28 parts but one
seems to have been dropped. Each Division is ruled by a planet and is further divided
into Padas or quarters. The nakshatra contains 9 navaa.nshas and forms the base
position for lunar Dasha systems\\* = n. (m. only RV. vi, 67, 6; prob. fr. {nakS} cf. {nakS
dyAm}, i, 33, 14 &c.) a star or any heavenly body; also applied to the sun; n. sg.
sometimes collectively `" the stars "' e.g. vii. 86, 1 RV. &c. &c.; an asterism or
constellation through which the moon passes, a lunar mansion AV. &c. &c. (27, later 28,
viz. S'ravishthh or Dhanishthh, S'ata-bhishaj, Prva-bhdrapda, Uttarabhbhdrapda, Revat, As'vin, Bharan, Kriittik, Rohin or Brhm, Mriiga-s'iras or
grahyan, rdr, Punarvas or Ymakau, Pushya or Sidhya, s'lesh, Magh, Prva-

phalgun, Uttara-phphalgun, Hasta, Citr, Svt, Vis'kh or Rdh, Anurdh,

Jyeshthha, Mla, Prva7shdh, Uttara7shdh, Abhijit, S'ravana; according to
VarBriS. Revat, Uttara-phalgun, Uttara-bhdrapda and Uttara7shdha are called
{dhruvANi}, fixed; in the Vedas the Nakshatras are considered as abodes of the gods or
of pious persons after death Sy. on RV. i, 50, 2; later as wives of the moon and
daughters of Daksha MBh. Hariv. &c.; according to Jainas the sun, moon, Grahas,
Nakshatras and Trs form the Jyotishkas); a pearl L.
nakshatram.h = (n) constellation
nakshatraaNaaM = of the stars
nandana* = rejoicing, gladdening
nalinii = lotus
naliniidalagata = nalinI+dala+gata, lotus+petal+reached/gone
nam.h = to salute
namaH = a salute
namati = to bow
namaskaara = Salutation
namaskaaraniichamanii = Salutation to evil minded

namaskuru = offer obeisances

namaskritvaa = offering obeisances
namaste = offering my respects unto You
namasyantaH = offering obeisances
namasyanti = are offering respects
namaami = I bow
namaamyaham.h = namAmi+ahaM, bow+I
nameran.h = they should offer proper obeisances
namo = salutation
namya = (adj) bendable
nanaa * = f. fam. expression for `" mother "' RV. ix, 112, 3 (cf. 2. {tata4}); = {vAc}
Naigh. i, 11.
nanu = really
nandaH = nanda
nandati = revels

nandatyeva = nandati+eva, revels alone/revels indeed

nandana = child
napu.nsakaM = neuter
nara = Man a man, a male, a person (pl. men, people) TS. &c. &c.; husband Mn. ix, 76;
hero VarBriS. iv, 31 Blar. viii, 56; a man or piece at chess or draughts &c. L.; the pin or
gnomon of a sun-dial Sryas. (cf. {-yantra}); person, personal termination Ks'. on Pn.
3-1, 85 (cf. {puruSa}); the primeval Man or eternal Spirit pervading the universe (always
associated with Nryana, `" son of the prprimeval man "' [529, 1]; both are considered
either as gods or sages and accordingly called {devau}, {RSI}, {tApasau} &c.; in ep.
poetry they are the son, of Dharma by Mrti or A-hins and emanations of Vishnu,
Arjuna being identified with Nara, and Kriishna with Nryana) Mn. (cf. {-sUnu}) MBh.
Hariv. Pur.; (pl.) a class of myth. beings allied to the Gandharvas and Kin-naras MBh..
Pur.; N. of a son of Manu Tmasa BhP.; of a sson of Vis'vmitra Hariv.; of a sson of
Gaya and father of Virj VP.; of a sson of Su-dhriiti and ffather of Kevala Pur.; of a
sson of Bhavan-manyu (Manyu) and ffather of Sankriiti ib.; of Bhradvja (author of
RV. vi, 35 and 36) Anukr.; of 2 kings of Kas'mra Rjat.; of one of the 10 horses of the
Moon L.; ({I}) f. a woman (= {nArI}) L.; n. a kind of fragrant grass.
narayaaNa * = or n. a carriage drawn by men
naraH = a man
naraka = hell * = (Nir.; {nara4ka} Tr.) m. or n. hell, place of torment Mn. MBh. &c.;
(distinguished from {pAtAla} q.v.; personified as a son of Anriita and Nirriiti or Nirkriiti

MrkP.; there are many different hells, generally 21 Mn. iv, 88-90 Yj. Pur. &c.); m. N.
of a demon (son of Vishnu and Bhmi or the Earth, and therefore called Bhauma,
haunting Prg-jyotisha and slain by Kriishna) MBh. Pur. Rjat. &c.; of a son of Vipracitti VP.; = {deva-rAtriprabheda} (?) L.; m. or n. N. of a place of pilgrimage MBh. (v.l.
{anaraka}); ({ikA}) f. Pn. 7-3, 44 Vrtt. 4 Pat.
narakasya = of hell
narakaaya = for the hell
narake = in hell
narajanma = human birh
narapungavaH = hero in human society
nararaakshasa = adj. devil incarnate
naralokaviiraaH = kings of human society
narasi.nha = the man-lion, fourth incarnation of Vishnu
naraaNaaM = among human beings
naraadhamaaH = lowest among mankind
naraadhamaan.h = the lowest of mankind

naraadhipaM = the king

naraiH = by men
nara * m. (cf. {nR}) a man, a male, a person (pl. men, people) TS. &c. &c.; husband Mn.
ix, 76; hero VarBriS. iv, 31 Blar. viii, 56; a man or piece at chess or draughts &c. L.; the
pin or gnomon of a sun-dial Sryas. (cf. {-yantra}); person, personal termination Ks'.
on Pn. 3-1, 85 (cf. {puruSa}); the primeval Man or eternal Spirit pervading the universe
(always associated with Nryana, `" son of the prprimeval man "' [529, 1]; both are
considered either as gods or sages and accordingly called {devau}, {RSI}, {tApasau} &c.;
in ep. poetry they are the son, of Dharma by Mrti or A-hins and emanations of Vishnu,
Arjuna being identified with Nara, and Kriishna with Nryana) Mn. (cf. {-sUnu}) MBh.
Hariv. Pur.; (pl.) a class of myth. beings allied to the Gandharvas and Kin-naras MBh..
Pur.; N. of a son of Manu Tmasa BhP.; of a sson of Vis'vmitra Hariv.; of a sson of
Gaya and father of Virj VP.; of a sson of Su-dhriiti and ffather of Kevala Pur.; of a
sson of Bhavan-manyu (Manyu) and ffather of Sankriiti ib.; of Bhradvja (author of
RV. vi, 35 and 36) Anukr.; of 2 kings of Kas'mra Rjat.; of one of the 10 horses of the
Moon L.; ({I}) f. a woman (= {nArI}) L.; n. a kind of fragrant grass.
narka = Hell
Naraka* =(Nir.; {nara4ka} Tr.) m. or n. hell, place of torment Mn. MBh. &c.;
(distinguished from {pAtAla} q.v.; personified as a son of Anriita and Nirriiti or Nirkriiti
MrkP.; there are many different hells, generally 21 Mn. iv, 88-90 Yj. Pur. &c.); m. N.
of a demon (son of Vishnu and Bhmi or the Earth, and therefore called Bhauma,
haunting Prg-jyotisha and slain by Kriishna) MBh. Pur. Rjat. &c.; of a son of Vipracitti VP.; = {deva-rAtriprabheda} (?) L.; m. or n. N. of a place of pilgrimage MBh. (v.l.

{anaraka}); ({ikA}) f. Pn. 7-3, 44 Vrtt. 4 Pat

nartakii = (f) danseuse, a female dancer
nas (naH) *= 1 encl. form for acc. gen. dat. pl. of the Ist pers. pron. (Pa1n2. 7-l , i , 21) ,
us , of us , to us ; in Veda changeable into %{Nas} (4 , 27 ; 28). [Cf. Zd. {na} , our ; Gk. $ ,
$ , ; Lat. {nos-ter} ; Old Lat. dat. &164531[532 ,2] {nis}.]\\2 cl. 1. A1. (Dha1tup. xvi , 26)
%{na4sate} (aor. Pot. %{nasImahi} RV. ii , 16 , 8 ; pf %{nese} ; fut. %{nasitA} Gr.) to
approach , resort to , join , copulate (esp. as husband and wife) RV. ; to be crooked or
fraudulent Dha1tup. [Cf. Gk.$ ({o}) $ {va-} ({o}) , $ ; &164538[532 ,2] Goth. {ga-nizan} ,
{nas-jan} ; Angl. S. {gene0san} ; HGerm. {gine0san} , {genesen}.]\\3 or %{nAs} f. (the
strong stem occurs only in du. %{nA4sA} RV. ii , 39 , 6 , the weak stem only in %{nasA4}
, %{nasi4} , %{naso4s} [cf. Pa1n2. 6-1 , 63] and in comp.) the nose RV. AV. VS. TS. BhP.
[Cf. %{nAsA} , %{nAsikA} ; Lat. {nas-turciunm} , {na1res} ; Lith. {no4sis} ; Slav. {nosu7}
; Germ. {Nase} ; Angl. Sax. {nosu} ; Eng. {nose} , {nostril} = {nose-thrill} , {nose-hole}.]
nashtha* = mfn. lost, disappeared, perished, destroyed, lost sight of invisible; escaped
(also {-vat} mfn. MBh.), run away from (abl.), fled (impers. with instr. of subj. Ratn. ii.
3) RV. &c. &c.; spoiled, damaged, corrupted, wasted, unsuccessful, fruitless, in vain Mn.
Yj. MBh. &c.; deprived of(instr.) R. i, 14, 18 (in comp. =, without "', `" -less "', `" un"'; see below); one who has lost a lawsuit Mriicch. ix, 4.
nasta* = m. the nose L.; ({A}) f. a hole bored through the septum of the nnose L.; n. a
sternutatory, snuff L.
nashyati = (4 pp) to perish, to be destroyed

nashyaatsu = being annihilated

nashvara = Temporary
nashhTa = Destroyed or missing birth data. A method of calculating the Chart when one
has missing data
nashhTaH = scattered
nashhTaan.h = all ruined
nashhTe = being destroyed
nas'vara* = mf({I})n. perishing, perishahle, transitory Kv. Pur. &c.; destructive,
mischievous W.
nartana = Dance
nathaH = (m) actor, filmstar
nathi = Actress
nathii = (f) actress, heroine
nata = Bowed
nataraaja = Lord of the dancers, a name of Shiva

nataraajaasana = the Lord of the Dance posture

nataaH = bowed down
nayaka * = mfn. clever in policy. L.
nayana = eye
nayanaM = eyes
nayet.h = must bring under
nava = (adj) nine
nava* = 1 mf({A})n. (prob. fr. 1. {nu4}) new, fresh, recent, young, modern (opp. to
{sana}, {purANa}) RV. &c. &c. (often in comp. with a subst. e.g. {navA7nna} cf. Pn. 2-1,
49; or with a pp. in the sense of `" newly, just, lately "' e.g. {navo7dita}, below); m. a
young monk, a novice Buddh.; a crow L.; a red-flowered Punar-nav L.; N. of a son of
Us'nara and Nav Hariv.; of a son of Viloman VP.; ({A}) f. N. of a woman (see above)
Hariv.; n. new grain, Kaus. [Cf. Zd. {nava}; Gk. $ for $; Lat. &164066[530, 3] {novus};
Lith. {nau4jas}; Slav. {no8vu8}; Goth. {niujis}; Angl. S. {ni7we}; HGerm. {niuwi};
{niuwe}, {neu}; Eng. {new}.]\\2 m. (2. {su}) praise, celebration L. \\ = 3 m. (5. {nu})
sneezing Car.\\ = 4 in {tri-Nava} q.v. &c. in comp. = {-van}. [531, 2]\\
navaM = a boat
navakamaladala = newly blossomed lotus petal (another meaning for `nava' is

navadvaare = in the place where there are nine gates

navami = Ninth Tithi of the Moon
navavastu = New article
navaa.nsha = A Varga. The Ninth divisional harmonic. Used with the Rashi, Chandra
and bhaava charts to determine a basic delineation. Used for reading the delineations of
the Spouse
navaani = new garments
naviinam.h = (adj) new
nava * new, fresh, recent, young, modern
nau = us
naukaa = Boat
naukiilakam.h = (n) anchor
nauli = an abdominal exercise (lauliki)
nava
naya* = m. (1. {nI})leading (of an army) R.; conduct, behaviour, (esp.) prudent
cconduct or bbehaviour, good management, polity, civil and military government

MBh. Kv. &c.; wisdom, prudence, reason ({naya} ibc. or {nayeSu}, in a prudent manner
MBh.) R. BhP.; plan, design MBh. Pac. Kaths.; leading thought, maxim, principle,
system, method, doctrine R. Sh. Bhshp. Sarvad.; a kind of game and a sort of dice or
men for playing it L.; N. of a son of Dharma and Kriy Pur.; of a son of 13th Manu
Hariv.; guide, conductor L.; mfn. fit, right, proper L.h.
ne = not
nesh, neshate: * to go to move
netaa = (m) leade
netavya *= mfn. ( %{nI}) to be led or guided &c. ; to be led away ; to be led towards or to
or into (acc.) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; to be applied S3am2k. ; to be examined ib.
neti = not so
netiyoga = cleansing of the nostrils
netra = eye *= m. a leader , guide (with gen. R. [B.] iii , 66 , 10 ; mostly ifc. e.g. %{tvaMnetra} , `" having you for guide "' MBh. ii , 2486 [f. %{A} ib. ix , 222] ; cf. Pa1n2. 5-4 ,
116 Va1rtt. 2 , 3 Pat.) AitUp. MBh. BhP. ; N. of a son of Dharma and father of Kunti1
BhP. ; of a son of Su-mati MatsyaP. ; (%{-tra4}) n. (and m. Siddh.) leading , guiding ,
conducting AV. x , 10 , 22 ; (itc f. %{A}) , the eye (as the guiding organ , also %{-ka} ,
HCat. ; cf. %{nayana}) ; the numeral 2 Su1ryas. (cf. %{netR}) ; the string by which a
churning-stick is whirled round MBh. ; a pipe-tube Car. ; an injection pipe Sus3r. ; the
root of a tree Ka1d. ; a kind of cloth Hcar. ; a veil R. Ragh. ; a carriage L. ; a river L.

netraM = eyes
neyaM = is to be lead/taken
ni = down * =1 ind. down, back, in, into, within (except AV. x, 8, 7 always prefixed either
to verbs or to nouns; in the latter case it has also the meaning of negation or privation [cf.
`" down-hearted "' = heartless]; sometimes w.r. for {nis}); it may also express {kSepa},
{dAna}, {upa-rama}, {A-zraya}, {mokSa} &c. L. [Cf. Zd. {ni}; Gk. $; Slav. {ni-zu};
&166432[538, 3] Germ, {ni-dar}, {ni-der}, {nieder}; Angl. Sax. {ni-ther}, Eng. {ne-ther},
{be-neath}.]
ni+vid.h = to tell
ni+vrit.h = to go away
nibha* = mf({A})n. ( {bhA}) resembling, like, similar (ifc.) MBh. R. &c. (sometimes
pleonast. after adj. e.g. {cAru-nibhA7nana}, `" handsome-faced "' Hariv., or comp. with
a synonym e.g. {naga-nibho7pama}, `" mountain-like "' MBh.; {padma-pattrA7bhanibha}, `" like a lotus-leaf "' ib.); m. or n. appearance, pretext (only ifc. instr. Das'.; abl.
Kaths.).
nibhrita * = mfn. ( %{bhR}) borne or placed down, hidden, secret MBh. Ka1v. &c. ;
nearly set (as the moon) Ragh. ; firm, immovable Hariv. Ka1v. Pur. ; shut, closed (as a
door) L. ; fixed, settled, decided RV. ; fixed or intent upon (comp.) Ka1d. ; filled with, full
of (instr. or comp.) BhP. ; attached, faithful MBh. Ma1rkP. ; still, silent Kum. ; quiet,
humble, modest, mild, gentle MBh. R. &c. ; free from passions, undisturbed (= %
{zAnta}) Hcar. ; lonely, solitary Gi1t. ; (%{A}) f. a kind of riddle Ka1vya7d. ; (%{am}) ind.

secretly, privately, silently, quietly Mn. Ka1v. ; Pan5c. &c. ; n. humility, modesty MBh. v,
1493 (Ni1lak. `" secrecy, silence "').
nibaddha = tied down (from bandh)
nibaddhaH = conditioned
nibadhnanti = bind
nibadhnaati = binds
nibadhyate = becomes affected
nibadh{}nanti = do bind
nibandhaaya = for bondage, crushing, destroying, removing MBh. R. &c.; n. destruction,
annihilation ib.
nibarhaNa* =crushing, destroying, removing MBh. R. &c.; n. destruction, annihilation
ib.
nibiDa * = or {ni-viDa} mf({A})n. (prob. fr. {biDa} = {bila}, a hole; cf. {ni-khila})
without spaces or interstices, close, compact, thick, dense, firm MBh. Kv. &c. full of
abounding in (instr. or comp.) Hariv. S'ak. vii, 11 (v.l. for {ni-cita}); low Kd.; crookednosed Pn. 5-2, 32 Ks'.; m. N. of a mountain MBh. vi, 460; n. crooked-nosedness Pn.
5-2, 32 Ks'
nibodha = just take note of, be informed

nibodhita(H) = (masc.Nom.sing.)having been enlightened

niboddhavya * = mfn. to be learnt ; to be regarded or considered as (with nomin.) Var.
niboddhR * = mfn. knowing, wise Gal.
nibhrita = are served
nichridgaayatriichchha.ndaH = the prosody form is `nichR\^it.h gAyatrii'
nicholaH = (m) skirt
nidaana *= n. a band, rope, halter RV. vi, 32, 6 MBh. ; a first or primary cause (cf. %
{ni-bandhana}) RV. x, 114, 2 Br. Ka1t2h. ; original form or essence (%{ena} ind.
originally, essentially, properly) Br. ; (with Buddh.) a cause of existence (12 in number)
MWB. 56 ; 103 ; any cause or motive DivyA7v. ; the cause of a disease and enquiry into it,
pathology (= %{nidAna-sthAna} q.v.) L. ; = %{nidAna-sUtra} Cat. ; cessation, end L. ;
purification, correctness L. ; claiming the reward of penitential acts L. ; %{-tattva} n. %{pradIpa} m. N. of wks. ; %{-vat} (%{nidA4na-}) mfn. funded on a cause, essential TBr.
Ka1t2h. ; %{-vid} mfn. knowing the causes or symptoms of a disease BhP. ; %{saMgraha} m. N. of a medic. wk. ; %{-sUtra} n. N. of wk. on metres and Vedic Stomas ;
%{-sthAna}, ii. the subject of the causes of diseases, pathology (one of the 5 departments
of medic. science) Sus3r. ; %{-dAnA7rthakara} mfn. operating as a cause Bhpr.
nideza *= m. order, command, direction (%{-zaM-kR}, or %{pAlaya} or %{upa-pAlaya}
or %{-ze-vRt} or %{sthA}, to execute orders, be obedient) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; talk,
conversation L. ; vicinity, neighbourhood (%{e} ind. near, close by Kull. on Mn. ii, 197 ;
others `" in a lower place "') ; = %{bhAjana} L. ; %{kArin}, %{-kRt}, %{-bhAj}, %{-

vartin} mfn. executing the orders of, obedient to (gen. or comp.) MBh. &c.
nididhyaasana = meditation and contemplation
nidraa = sleep * = f. sleep, slumber, sleepiness, sloth RV. MBh. Kv. &c.; the budding
state of a flower (hence {-drAM-tyaj}, to bloom) S'rngP.; a mystic. N. of the letter {bh}
Up.; {-kara} mfn. making sleepy Hariv. Sus'r.; {-kSaNa} m. or n. a moment of sleep
BhP.; {--gama} ({-drA7g-}), approach or time of ssleep, S'ntis'.; {-caura} m. stealer of
ssleep Mriicch.; {--tura} ({-drA7t-}) mfn. sleepy, languid Cat.; {-daridra} mfn.
suffering from want of sleep Vcar.; m. N. of a poet Cat.; {-daridrI-kR}, to deprive of
ssleep Kpr.; {-druh} (mfn. nom. {dhruk} Pn. 8-2, 37; cf. Vm. v, 2, 88), disturbing
ssleep; {--ntarita} ({-drA7nt-}). mfn. asleep Pac.; {--ndha} ({-drA7n-}) mfn. blind
with sleep, dead asleep, fast asleep MBh.; {-bhaGga} m. rousing from ssleep, awaking
W.; {--bhibhUta} ({-drA7bh-}) mfn. subdued by ssleep, sleeping Sus'r.; {-maya}
mf({I})n. consisting in ssleep Hariv.; {-yoga} m. a state of such deep meditation as to
resemble sleep ib. (cf. {yoganidrA}); m light sleep, doze L.; {--lasa} ({-drA7l-})
mf({A})n. slothful from drowsiness, fast asleep Hit.; {--lasya} ({-drA7l-}) n. sleepiness,
long sleeping MBh. Var.; {-vaza} mfn. overpowered by sleep Vet.; {-vRkSa} m. `" sleepplant "', darkness L.; {-saMjanana} n. `" producing ssleep "', phlegm, the phlegmatic
humour L.
nidraabhiH = and sleep
nidhanaM = destruction
nidhana* = 1 mfn. (for 2. see col. 3) having no property, poor L.

nidha4na* = (for 1. see col. 2) n. (m. only Hariv. 4846; g. {ardharcA7di}) settling down,
residence or place of rresidence, domicile, receptacle AV. Sus'r. BhP.; conclusion, end,
death, destruction, loss, annihilation Mn. Var. MBh. &c.; (in music) the concluding
passage of a Sman which is sung in chorus; any finile AV. TS. Br. &c.; N. of the 8th
mansion Var.; race, family L.; m. the head of a family W.; ({A}) f. pl. N. of partic. verses
or formulas Kaus'.; {-kAma} n. N. of sev. Smans TndBr. Lthy.; {-kArin} mfn. causing
death, destroying W.; {-kriyA} f. a funeral ceremony Hariv.; {-pati} m. lord of the end or
of destruction Tr.; {-bhUta} mfn. (in music) forming a finale Lthy.; {-vat} ({-dha4na}) mfn. having a finale VS. TndBr. &c.; {-sUtra} n. {-sUtra-vRtti} f. N. of wks.; {no7ttama} m. N. of S'iva R. 2.
nidhAna* = n. putting or laying down, depositing, keeping, preserving KtyS'r. MBh. &c.;
laying aside (cf. {daNDa-n-}); placing (the sacrificial fire) KtyS'r.; place for depositing
anything, receptacle (rarely m.; ifc. f. {I}; cf. {garbha-n-}) RV. &c. &c.; a place of
cessation or rest W.; anything laid up, a store, hoard, treasure (esp. the ttreasure or
Kubera) Mn. Mriicch. Ragh. &c. ({-tA} f. Jtakam.); ({I}) f. N. of a formula TBr. pS'r.;
mfn. containing anything (gen.) in itself Tr.; {-kumbha} m. a pot or jar containing a
treasure Sh.; {-nI-kR}, to pile up Hcar.; {-ne7za} m. `" lord of treasure "', a Yaksha
S'atr.
nidhanaani = when vanquished
nidhaanaM = resting place
nidhaanikaa = (f) cupboard, almariah
nidhi = reservoir, treasure

nigachchhati = attains
nigaDaH = (m) handcuffs
nigaDa* = m. (g. {ardharcA7di}) and n. (fr. {gaD} = {gal}?) an iron chain for the feet,
(csp.) the heel chains for an elephant or a noose for catching the feet and throwing an
animal down, any fetter or shackle Hariv. Kv. &c.; N. of a teacher ({-kSveDana} n. N. of
wk.); mfn. bound or fettered on the feet Mn. iv. 210.
nigada* = m. reciting, audible recitation, a prayer or sacrificial formula recited aloud Br.
S'rS. &c.; mention, mentioning Bdar.; speech, discourse W.; N. of wk.; m. or n. a partic.
potion Car.; {-vyAkhyAta} mfn. explained i.e. clear by mere mentioning Nir.
nigAda* = m. recitation L.; {-din} mfn. reciting, telling, speaking Sus'r.
nigama* = m. insertion (esp. of the name of a deity into a liturgical formula) S3rS.; the
place or passage (esp. of the Vedas) where a word occurs or the actual word quoted from
such a passage Nir.; the root (as the source from which a word comes; hence ifc. `"
derived from "') ib.; the Veda or the Vedic text Hariv. Pa1n2. Pur. &c.; any work auxiliary
to and explanatory of the Vedas Mn. iv, 19 (Kull.); a sacred precept, the words of a god or
holy man MBh. Pur. &c.; doctrine, instruction in, art of (comp.) Ba1lar.; certainty,
assurance L.; trade, traffic W.; a town, city, market-place A1past. Car. Lalit.; a road L.; a
caravan or company of merchants (ifc. f. %{A}) R. Das3.; = %{pariziSTa} Cat.; n. a
partic. number Buddh.; %{-kalpa-druma} m. %{-kalpa-latA} f. %{-kalpa-sAra} m. N. of
wks.; %{-jJa} mfn. familiar with the holy texts Var.; %{-tattvasAra} m. %{-pariziSTa} n.
%{-latA} f. %{-sAra} m. N. of wks.; %{-sthAna} n. place of insertion (cf. above) S3rS.; %
{-mA7khya-koza} and %{-mA7ntA7rtha-ratnA7kara} m.

nigamana *= n. insertion , quotation of words (from the Veda) and the word quoted Nir.
; the summing up of an argument or conclusion in a syllogism , deduction Tarkas. ; going
in or into W.
niguuDhaa = cast in
nigrihiitaani = so curbed down
nigrihIti *= f. restraint, check; overpowering Katha1s.
nigrihNaami = withhold
nigrahaM = subduing
nigrahaH = repression * = m. keeping down or back, restraining, binding, coercion,
suppression, subjugation Mn. MBh. &c.; defeat, overthrow, destruction Kv.; seizing,
catching, arresting, holding fast MBh. R. &c.; suppression of an illness i.e. healing, cure
Sus'r.; confinement, imprisonment, any punishment or chastisement Mn. MBh. R. Pac.
&c. ({vadhanigt-}, pain of death Kaths.); reprimand, blame L.; aversion, ill-will, dislike,
disgust L.; anything for catching hold of. a handle (ifc. f. {A}) Sus'r.; a place or occasion
for being caught hold of, (esp. in Nyya phil.) an occasion for refutation, a weak point in
an argument or fault in a syllogism (cf. {-sthAna}) [546, 2]; a boundary, limit L.; N. of
S'iva and VishnuKriishna MBh.; {-sAdhana} and {-stotra} n. N. of wks.; {-sthAna} n. (in
phil.) the position of being unfit to carry on an argument from impossibility of agreeing
about first principles; {-sthAna-sUtra-TIkA} f. {-hA7STaka} n. N. of wks
nigraaha * = m. punishment, chastisement Bhathth. (esp. used in imprecations e.g. {nigrAhas te bhUyAt}, confusion seize thee Pn. 3-3, 45 Ks'.)

niguuDha* = mfn. concealed, hidden, secret, obscure (lit. and fig.) RV. ({ni4-gULha})
&c. &c.; ({am}) ind. privately, secretly Kaths.; {-kArya} mfn. secret in operation MW.;
{-cArin} mfn. walking concealed or in disguise Mn. ix, 260; {-tara} mfn. well
cconcealed or hidden Pac.; {-nizcaya} mfn. whose design is cconcealed MBh.; {roman} mfn. having cconcealed hair Sus'r.; {-DhA7rtha} mfn. having a hidden or
mysterious sense, abstruse, occult; {-DhA7rtha-dI}, {pikA} and {-DhA7rtha-maJjUSikA}
f. N. of wks.
niH = without
nihataaH = killed
nihatya = by killing
nihan.h = destroy
nihan *= P. %{-hanti} (Impv. %{-jahi} RV. ; p. %{-ghna4} TS. &c. ; 3- sg. A1. %{jighnate} RV. ; p. %{jighnamAna} MBh. ; pf. %{-jaghAma} RV. &c. ; 3. pl. %{-jaghnur} ,
%{-nire} MBh. R. ; fut. %{-haniSyati} , %{-te} , %{-haMsyati} MBh. ; p. %{-haniSya4t}
RV. ; ind. p. %{-hatya} Ka1tyS3r. [cf. %{a-nihatya}] ; inf. %{-hantave} RV. ; %{-hantum}
R.) , to strike or fix in , hurl in or upon or against (loc.) RV. &c. &c. ; to make an attempt
upon , attack , assail (acc. loc. or gen.) AV. Ka1tyS3r. MBh. ; to strike or hew down (also mow L.) , kill , overwhelm , destroy RV. &c. &c. (also applied to planets Var.) ; to hit ,
touch (lit. and fig.) MBh. BhP. [564,3] ; to beat (a drum) Bhat2t2. ; to punish , visit ,
afflict Ka1v. Pur. ; to attach to (Pass. %{-hanyate} , to be fixed upon , with loc.) AV. ; to
drop , lower , let sink (hands , wings &c.) AV. VPra1t. ; to speak with the unaccented tone

i.e. with the Anuda1tta RPra1t. A1s3vS3r. ; (in arithm.) to multiply A1ryabh. Comm.:
Caus. see %{ni-ghAta} , %{-taya}.
nihan *= m. a killer , destroyer (ifc.) MBh. R.
nihanana *= n. killing , slaughter L.
nihantavya *= mfn. to be struck down or killed or destroyed MBh. Pan5c.
nihantR *= m. a killer , destroyer Mn. MBh. &c. ; one who removes or expels or
hinders Vikr. Sus3r. ; N. of S3iva MBh.
niHsiiman *= mfn. unbounded , immeasurable , infinite , grand Ka1v.
ni.HkrishThkuliinaH = adj. born to a lowly family
niHsaara * = mf(%{A})n. sapless, pithless, worthless, vain, unsubstantial (%{-tA} f. %{tva} n.) Hariv. Var. Ka1v. Pur.; m. Trophis Aspera or a kind of S3yo. na1ka L.; (in music)
a kind of time (also %{sAru} and %{-ruka}); (%{A}) f. Musa Sapientum L.; %{-raka} n. a
kind of diarrhoea Bhpr. =\\ m. going forth or out MBh.
niHsara * = mfn. issuing out; %{-tva} n. = %{pitta-roga} L.
niHsheshha = remainderless
niHshreNikaa = (f) ladder
niHshreyasakarau = leading to the path of liberation

niHs'reNi* = f. = {ni-zreNI} L.; the wild date tree L.; {-NikA} f. a ladder Dharmas'arm.;
a kind of grass L.; {-Ni-puSpaka} m. a species of thorn-apple L.
niHs'reyaNI* = f. = {ni-zrayNI} Gal. =
niHzreyasa* = mf({I})n. `" having no better "', best, most excellent MBh. R. &c.; m. N. of
Siva L.; n. the best i.e. ultimate bliss, final beatitude, or knowledge that brings it
KaushUp. Mn. MBh. &c.; belief, faith L.; apprehension, conception L. {-kara} mfn.
conferring final happiness or emancipation W. [539,1]
niHsprihaH = desireless
niHsvana = silent (without sound)
nii = to take * = 1 for %{nis} (q.v.) before r.\\ 2 (for 1. see p. 543, col. 3) cl. 1. P. A1.
(Dha1tup. xxii. 5) %{nayati} %{-te} (pf. P. %{ninAya}, 2. sg. %{ninetha} RV., 1. pl. %
{nInima} TS.; Subj. %{ninItha4s} Pot. %{ninIyAt} RV.; Impv. %{ninetu} MaitrS.; A1. %
{ninye} Br. &c.; %{-nayAm@Asa} MBh.; %{-nayAM@cakre} R.; aor. P. 3. du. %
{anItAm} Subj. %{ne4Si}, %{nethA4} RV.; %{anaiSIt} Subj. %{neSati}, %{-Sat}, 3.
pl.A1. %{aneSata} ib.; %{anayIt} AV.; fut. %{neSyati} AV.; %{-te} Br.; %{nayiSyati}, %{te} MBh. R.; %{ni4tA}, %{nayitA} ib.; ind. p. %{nItvA} Br.&c.; %{nayitvA} MBh.; %
{nI4ya} AV. &c.; inf. %{neSa4Ni} RV.; %{ne4tavai}, %{-tos} and %{nayitum} Br.; %
{ne4tum} ib. &c. &c.), to lead, guide, conduct, direct, govern (also with %{agram} and
gen.; cf. %{agra-NI}) RV. &c. &c.; to lead &c. towards or to (acc. with or without %
{prati} dat., loc. or %{artham} ifc.) ib.; to lead or keep away, exclude from (abl.) AitBr.;
(A1.) to carry off for one's self(as a victor, owner &c.) AV. TA1r. MBh.; (A1., rarely P.) to
lead home i.e. marry MBh. R.; to bring into any state or condition (with acc. e.g. with %

{vazam}, to bring into subjection, subdue [A1. RV. x, 84, 3 AV. v, 19, 5; P. Ragh. viii, 19];
with %{zUdra-tAm}, to reduce to a S3u1dra Mn. iii, 15; with %{sAkSyam} [A1.], to admit
as a witness, viii, 197; with %{vyAghra-tAm}, to change into a tiger Hit.; with %
{vikrayam}, to sell Ya1jn5.; with %{paritoSam}, to satisfy Pan5c.; with %{duHkham}, to
pain Amar.; rarely, with loc. e.g. %{duhitR-tve}, to make a person one's daughter R. i,
44, 38; or with an adv. in %{-sAt} e.g. %{bhasmasAt} to reduce to ashes Pan5c. i,
198/199); to draw (a line &c.) S3a1n3khS3r. Su1ryas.; to pass or spend (time) Ya1jn5.
Ka1v. &c.; (with %{daNDam}) to bear the rod i.e. inflict punishment Mn. Ya1jn5. (with %
{vyavahAram}) to conduct a process Ya1jn5.; (with %{kriyAm}) to conduct a ceremony,
preside over a religious act MBh.; to trace, track, find out, ascertain, settle, decide(with
%{anyathA}, `" wrongly "') Mn. Ya1jn5. MBh. &c.; (A1.) to be foremost or chief Pa1n2. 13, 36: Caus. %{nAyayati}, %{-te}, to cause to lead &c.; to cause to be led by (instr.) Mn. v,
104 (cf. Pa1n2. 1-4, 52 Va1rtt. 5 Pat.): Desid. %{ni4nISati}, %{te} (AV. xix, 50, 5, w. r. %
{nineSati}), to wish to lead or bring or carry to or into (acc. or dat.) AV. Up. MBh. &c.; to
wish to carry away R.; to wish to spend or pass (time) Naish.; to wish to exclude from
(abl.) AitBr.; to wish to find out or ascertain, investigate MBh.: Intens. %{nenIya4te} to
lead as a captive, have in one's power, rule, govern TS. VS. MBh.\\ 3 mfn. leading,
guiding, a leader or guide (mostly ifc., cf. Pa1n2. 3-2, 61 and %{agra-NI}, %{agreNI};
but also alone cf. vi, 4, 77; 82 &c.)\\4 P. %{ny-eti} (3. pl. %{ni-yanti}; p. %{-yat}; impf.
%{ny-Ayan} ind. p. %{nI7tya}), to go into (cf. %{nyAya}), enter, come or fall into, incur
(acc.) RV. AV. TS. S3Br.; to under go the nature of i.e. to be changed into (%{-bhAvam})
RPra1t. \\5 in comp.= 1. %{ni} (p. 538, col. 3).
niica* = mf({A})n. ({ni} +2. {aJc}) low, not high, short, dwarfish Mn. MBh. &c.; deep,
depressed (navel) Pac.; short (hair, nails) Sus'r.; deep, lowered (voice) Prt.; low, vile,
inferior (socially or morally), base, mean (as a man or action or thought) Var. MBh. Kv.
&c.; m. a kind of perfume (= {coraka}) L.; n. (in astrol.) the lowest point of a planet (=

$), the 7th house from the culminating point Var. (cf. 2. {ny-aJc}).
niicaa* = ind. below, down, downwards RV. AV.
niicha = the inferior man
niichaM = low
niichabhanga = neechabhanga Raja Yoga. A combination whereby a debilitated planet
by virtue of its placement and association of relevant planets can reverse and bestow
great wealth and power
niichamanii = Evil minded
niiDa = (masc, neut) nest
niila = (adj) blue * = ({A} or {I}; cf. Pn. 4-1, 42 Vrtt. Vm. v, 2, 48)n. of a dark colour,
(esp.) ddark-blue or ddark-green or black RV. &c. &c.; dyed with indigo Pn. 4-2, 2
Vrtt. 2 Pat.; m. the sapphire L. (with {maNi} R. iii, 58, 26); the Indian fig-tree (=
{vaTa}) L.; = {nIla-vRkSa} L.; a species of bird the blue or hill Maina L.; an ox or bull of
a dark colour L.; one of the 9 Nidhis or divine treasures of Kubera L.; N. of a man g.
{tikA7di}; of the prince of Mhishmat MBh.; of a son of Yadu Hariv.; of a son of Ajamdha BhP.; of a son of Bhuvana-rja Rjat.; of an historian of Kas'mra ib.; of sev.
authors (also {-bhaTTa}) Cat.; N. of Majus'r L.; of a Nga MBh. Rjat.; of one of the
monkey-chiefs attending on Rma (said to be a son of Agni) MBh. R. &c.; the mountain
Nla or the blue mmountain (immediately north of Ila7vriita or the central division; cf.
{nIlA7dri}) MBh. Hariv. Pur.; ({A}) f. the indigo plant (Indigofera Tinctoria) L. (cf.
{nIlI}); a species of Boerhavia with blue blossoms L.; black cumin L.; a species of blue fly

L.; (du.) the two arteries in front of the neck L.; a black and blue mark on the skin L.; N.
of a goddess W.; (in music) of a Rgini (personified as wife of Mallra); of a river MBh.
(v.l. {nAlA}); ({I}) f. the indigo plant or dye Mn. Var. Sus'r. &c. Blyxa Octandra. L.; a
species of blue fly L.; a kind of disease L.; N. of the wife of Aja-mdha MBh. Hariv. (v.l.
{nalinI} and {nIlinI}); n. dark (the colour), darkness TS. KaushUp.; any dark substance
S'Br. ChUp.; = {tAlI-pattra} and {tAlI7za} L.; indigo Yj. iii. 38; black salt L.; blue
vitriol L.; antimony L.; poison L.; a partic. position in dancing L.; a kind of metre Col.
niilalohitaH = navy blue colour
niilaabja = blue lotus
niilaaya* = Nom. P. . {-yati} and {-te}, to begin to become blue or dark-coloured Kd.
(cf. Pn. 3-1, 13
niilotpalashyaamaM = bearing the bluish black color of blue lilies
niita = take * = 1 mfn. (for 2. see 4. %{nI7}) led, guided, brought &c. RV. &c. &c.; gained,
obtained W.; well-behaved, correct, modest ib.; n. wealth, corn, grain L.; = %{nava-nIta}
A1pS3r.\\mfn. entered, gone or come to (%{mRtyorantikam}) RV. AV.\\%{nIti} &c. see
%{nI}
niitiH = morality
niiraja = (n) lotus
niiradaabham.h = bearing a resemblance to rain-bearing cloud i.e with

niirata* = mfn. not delighting in, indifferent (= {virata}) L. -1.

niiruja = free from disease
niire = water
niivaaraa * = v.l. for {nivArA} (see under {ni-vR}).
niivara * = m. ( {nI}?; cf. Un. iii.) a trader; an inhabitant; a beggar; mud; n. water L.
niivaa4ra * = m. (ifc. f. {A}) wild rice (sg. the plant; pl. the grains) VS. S'Br. MBh. &c.;
({A}) f. N. of a river MBh. VP. (v.l. {ni-v-}).
nija = one's own * = mf(%{A})n. ( %{jan}) innate, native, of one's own party or country
(with %{ripu} m. an enemy in one's own country Hit. ; m. pl. one's own people Ra1jat.) ;
constant, continual AV. Br. Mn. MBh. &c. (in later Sanskr2it used as a reflex. possess.
pron. = %{sva}, my own, his own, our own &c.)
nijakarma = nija+karma, one's+duty(normal work)
nikaaya *= (1. %{ci}) a heap, an assemblage, a group, class, association (esp. of
persons who perform the same duties) Mn. MBh. &c.; congregation, school Buddh.;
collection (of Buddh. Su1tras, there are 5 MWB. 62, 63); habitation, dwelling, hidingplace R. (cf. Pa1n2. 3-3, 41); the body S3vetUp.; the air, wind VS. xv, 5 (Mahidh.); aim,
mark L.; the Supreme Being L.
nikaaman *= (%{nI-}) mfn. desirous, eager RV.

nikaH = rays
nikam *= (Pot. %{-kAmoyet} BhP.; p. A1. %{-kAma4yamAna} TS.; pf. %{cakame}
S3Br.; inf. %{-kamam} Ka1t2h.), to long or wish for, lust after (acc.) %{-kAma4} m.
desire, wish, pleasure RV. VS. AV.; ibc., = (%{am}) ind, according to wish or desire, to
one's heart's content, abundantly, excessively Var. Mr2icch. &c. (cf. %{yadAnikA4mam}); (%{nl-k-}) mfn. desirous, covetous, greedy RV.; m. N. of an Agni
S3a1n3khGr2.; %{-kAma} mfn. covetous, Bhp.; %{-jala} mfn. (a river) yielding
abundant water S3ak. vi, 16; %{-tapta} mfn. excessively burnt Kum.; %{-dha4raNa}
mfn. bearing according, to wish TBr.; %{-niraGkuza} mfn. freely ruling over (gen, ), Gtt.
vii, 40; %{-bhAma-bhASya} n. N. of wk.; %{-varSa} mfn. having plenty of rain MBh.; %
{-varSin} mfn. raining according, to wish ib.; %{-sukhin} mfn. exceedingly happy S3is3.
iv, 54.
nikaaman *= (%{nI-}) mfn. desirous, eager RV.
nikaamana *= n. desire La1t2y.
nikaaya *= (1. %{ci}) a heap, an assemblage, a group, class, association (esp. of persons
who perform the same duties) Mn. MBh. &c. ; congregation, school Buddh. ; collection
(of Buddh. Su1tras, there are 5 MWB. 62, 63) ; habitation, dwelling, hiding-place R. (cf.
Pa1n2. 3-3, 41) ; the body S3vetUp. ; the air, wind VS. xv, 5 (Mahidh.) ; aim, mark L. ;
the Supreme Being L.
niketana * = n. a house, mansion, habitation, temple, Mn. MBh. &c.; m. an onion L.
nikhila * V expansive, * complete, all, whole, entire Up. Mn. MBh. &c. [545, 3]; ({ena})

ind. completely, totally MBh. R. &c. (cf. {a-kh-}).

nikR * 1. P.. {-karoti}, {-kurute}, (dat. inf. {ni4-kartave} RV. viii, 78, 5), to bring down,
humiliate, subdue, overcome RV. AV. VS. S'Br.: Desid. {-cikIrskati}, to wish to overcome
AV.
nikrand * =cl. 1. P. {-krandati}, (aor. {ny-akrandIt}), to cry from above (as a bird on a
tree) Nir. ix, 4: Caus. {-krandayati}, to cause to roar RV. x, 102, 5.
nikrandita * =mfn. cried or roared (said of a faulty recitation), Sanhito7p.
nikram * =P. {-krAmati}, (aor. {nyakramIt}), to put down the feet, tread down (acc.)
RV.; to enter (loc.) AV. TS.
nikramaNa * =n. putting down the feet, footstep, footfall RV. AV. TS.
nikrit * 1. P. . {-kRntati}, {-te}, to cut or hew down, cut away, cut or chop off, cut
through or or to pieces, massacre KtyS'r. MBh. R. Sus'r. &c.; . {-te}, (also) to cut one's
self (or one's nails &c.) TS. S'Br.: Caus. {-kartayati}, to cause to cut or cut down
SnkhS'r.
nikritii = (f) falsehood, cunning move
nikritta * mfn. cut off, cut up MBh. R.; {-mUla} mfn. cut up by the roots Sus'
nikRntana * = mf({I})n. cutting down or off, destroying (ifc.) MBh. R.; m. N. of a hell
MrkP.; n. cutting, cutting off (hair, the neck &c.) KtyS'r. MBh.; massacring,
destruction (of enemies) MBh.; an instrument for cutting (cf. {nakha-})

nikrishhTa = inferior
nikRntin * =mfn. tearing asunder (ifc.), Ks'ikh.
nikRS * =1. P. {-karSati}, to draw or drag down TS. S'Br.; {-kRSati}, to plough in
({phalaM kSetreSu}) AV.Paipp.: Pass. {-kRSyate}, to be borne down by the stream of a
river MBh. i, 3616.,
nikRSTa * =mfn. debased, vile, low, despised, outcast MBh. Kv. &c.; near n. nearness
Kaths. Sus'r.; {-bhUta} mfn. appearing low or small in comparison with (gen.) MBh.; {TA7zaya} mfn. base-minded ({-ya-tA} f.) Das'.; {-TI-} {kR}, to surpass, excel Kv. ii, 37
Sch.; {-TpA7dhi} mfn. having something inferior as a condition ({-dhitA} f.) Veda7ntas.
nikrID * =Caus. {-krIDayati} to cease or finish (playing) ShadvBr. (Sch. = {vi-} {ram}).
nikrIDa * = m. play, sport, with {marutAm}N. of a Sman rshBr.
nikrit * = 1. P. A1. %{-kRntati}, %{-te}, to cut or hew down, cut away, cut or chop off,
cut through or or to pieces, massacre Ka1tyS3r. MBh. R. Sus3r. &c.; A1. %{-te}, (also) to
cut one's self (or one's nails &c.) TS. S3Br.: Caus. %{-kartayati}, to cause to cut or cut
down Sa1n3khS3r.
nikshipati = to throw in
nikshepaNaya = for putting down (the next step)
nilaaya* = m. place of refuge AV. iv, 16, 2.

nilaya* = m. rest, resting-place (cf. {a-nil-}); hiding- or dwelling-place, den, lair, nest;
house, residence, abode (often ifc. [f. {A}] = living in, inhabiting, inhabited by) MBh.
Var. Kv. &c.; {-sundara} m. N. of a man Cat. 2.
nilimpa = a pictured one: a god
nimajjati = to drown
nimbaarka * = m. id.; {-karavIrA7rcanavrata} n. N. of a partic. vow and of ch. of BhavP.
nimittamaatraM = just the cause
nimittaani = causes
nimishhan.h = closing
nimitta* n. (possibly connected with {ni-mA} above) a butt, mark, target MBh.; sign,
omen Mn. Yj. MBh. &c. (cf. {dur-n-}); cause, motive, ground, reason Up. Kap. Var.
Mn. MBh. Kv. &c. (in all oblique cases = because of, on account of cf. Pn. 2-3, 23 Pat.;
mfn. ifc. caused or occasioned by; {-ttaMyA}, to be the cause of anything Kd.); (in phil.)
instrumental or efficient cause (opp. to {upA7dAna}, the operative or material cause)
Veda7ntas. Bhshp.; = {Agantu}; {deha}; {Adeza}; {parvan} L.
nimiilita = closed
nimeshhaat.h = in the twinkling of the eye
nimnagaa = (f) river

nimba = neem
niMbhuminyak.h = (f) a woman who cat get enough
ninaada = sound
nind.h = to condemn
nindati = (1 pp) to blame
nindantaH = while vilifying
nindaa = in defamation
ninii *= P. A1. %{-nayati} , %{-te} (Subj. aor. %{-neSat}) , to lead to , carry or bring
towards (dat. or loc.) , bring or cause to (dat. inf.) RV. AV. &c. ; to incline , bend BhP. ; to
pour down , pour out or in TS. S3Br. Ya1jn5. &c. ; to cause to enter BhP. ; to offer as a
sacrifice ib. ; to carry out , accomplish , perform ib. ; to spend (time) MW.
niNya* = mfn. (fr. %{ni}; cf. %{ni-Ni4k}) interior, hidden, concealed, mysterious RV.; n.
a secret, mystery ib.; (%{a4m}) ind. secretly, mysteriously ib.
nipaana = (n) a pond
niraahaarasya = by negative restrictions
niraalamba = unsupported

niraashiiH = without desire for profit

niraashrayaH = without any shelter
nirucchvaasa *= mf(%{A})n. not breathing, breathless MBh. Sus3r. &c. [540,3];
narrow, contracted, crowded W.; m. breathlessness (%{-nipIDita} mfn. afflicted by
bbreathlessness); m. or n. N. of a partic. hell where the wicked cannot breathe L.
nipaataka*= ifc. = {pAtaka}, a bad deed, a sin MBh. v, 4053.
nipaatanIya*= mfn. to be caused to fall; (with {daNDa} m. `" punishment must be
inflicted) "' Sh.
nipatana*= n. falling down, falling, descending MBh. Hariv.; ({garbhiNyAgarbhasya})
the lying-in of a pregnant woman VarBriS. li, 35; flying MBh.
nipaata*= m. falling down, descending, alighting (lit. and fig.), falling from (abl.) into or
upon (comp.), rushing upon, attacking (comp.) Mn. MBh. &c.; decay, destruction, ruin,
death ib.; (from the Caus.) casting, hurling, discharging Kum. iii, 15; accidental
occurrence or mention Nir. s'vS'r.; (in gram.) irregular form, irregularity, exception
(cf. {para-}, {pUrva-}); a particle (all adverbs including conjunctions and interjections)
Nir. Prt. Pn. 1-4, 56; {-tva} n. the state of being a particle MW.; {-pratIkAra} m. the
repelling of assaults ib.; {-tA7vyayo7pasarga} m. pl. N. of wk.
nipaatana*= mfn. (fr. Caus.) throwing down, killing, destroying, knocking out (an eye)
MBh. [549, 3]; n. causing to descend or fall, throwing down, letting drop or sink Mn.
Yj. R. (cf. {daNDa-n-}); putting on, applying (as a knife), touching with (comp.) Sus'r.;
overthrowing, destroying, killing Mn. MBh.; (in gram.) accidental mention or use of a

word, putting down as an irregularity; an irregular form or exception Prt. Pn. Sch.
Vop.; = {ni-patana}, falling down (of a fire-brand) Yj. i, 145; alighting (said of a bird)
Pac. ii. 57.niraaloka*= mfn. not looking about R.; deprived of light, dark or blind MBh.
Ma1lati1m. Ka1m.; ifc. looking at, investigating, scrutinizing (cf. %{Atma-n-}) MBh
nipiita *= mfn. drunk in, absorbed, imbibed, drunk up Ka1v. ; %{-kusuma} mfn. (a
tree) whose blossoms are sucked by (instr.) S3a1rn3gP. ; %{-toya} mfn. (a river) whose
water has been drunk by (instr.) R. ; %{-sAra} mfn. (a lip) whose moisture has been
sucked in (that has been kissed), R2it.
nipuNa* = mf({A})n. (said to be from a {puN}), clever, adroit, skilful, sharp, acute Mn.
MBh. Sus'r. Kv. &c.; skilled in, conversant with, capable of (mostly comp. [cf. Pn. 2-1,
31 and g. {zauNDA7di}]; but also infin. [Kv.] loc. [Var.] gen. [Vop. v, 29] or instr. [Pn.
2-1, 31]); kind or friendly towards (loc. or {prati} Pn. 2-3, 43); delicate, tender
Jtakam.; perfect, complete, absolute (as purity, devotion &c.) Mn. BhP.; ({am}) ind. in
a clever or delicate manner MBh. Kv.; completely, perfectly, absolutely, exactly,
precisely R. (also {nipuNa} ibc. Pn. 6-2, 24, and {-Nena} MBh. BhP.)
niraakrita *= mfn. pushed or driven away , repudiated , expelled , banished , rejected ,
removed ; frustrated , destroyed ; omitted , forgot ; refuted ; despised , made light of
MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; deprived of (comp.) Bhat2t2. ; %{-nimeSa} mfn. (eye) forgetting to
wink S3ak. (Pi.) ii , 11 (41) ; %{-tA7nyo7ttara} mfn. excluding every answer , irrefutable
(%{-tva} n.) L. 2.
niraamaya = (adj) healthy, disease-free
niraas'is *= mfn. hopeless, despairing MBh. Ka1v. &c. (%{-zIs-tva} n. MBh.xii, 12440) ;

free from desire, indifferent, Kuns. v, 76 ; without a blessing W.

niraaya * = mfn. having or yielding no income, profitless W.; %{-vyaya-vat} m. having
neither income nor expenditure, an idler who lives from hand to mouth W. -1.
nirabhibhava* =mfn. not subject to humiliation or disgrace Bhartr2.; not to be surpassed
MW.
nirabhilapya* = mfn. unutterable, inexpressible Sarvad.
nirabhilASa* =mfn. not desirous of. indifferent to (comp.) S3ak.
nirabhimAna* =mfn. free from pride BhP.
nirabhImAna* =mfn. = %{-abhim-} MBh.; unconscious ib.
nirabhiprAya* =mfn. purposeless Katha1s.
nirabhisaMdhAna* =n. absence of design, Sa1m2khyas. Sch.; %{-saMdhin} mfn. free
from egoistic designs Sam2k.
nirahankaaraH = without false ego - nirahaMkaara * = mfn. free from egotism,
unselfish, humble MBh. BhP.; m. a partic. heaven Hcat.; %{-kArin} mfn. free from the
sentiment of egotism BhP.; %{-kRta} mfn. having no self-conscioumess or personality
BhP.; = next MBh. BhP.; %{-kRti} mfn. free from egotism or pride, humble, Bhanr2.
BhP.; %{-kriya} mfn. having no personality or individuality BhP.; (%{A}) f. absence of
egotism or selfishness ib.,

niraJNjana = pure, free from falsehood

niran'kus'a * = mfn. unchecked (lit. not held by a hook), uncontrolled, independent, free,
unruly, extravagant (%{am} ind.; %{-tva} n.) MBh. Ka1v. &c.; %{-zaya} Nom. P. %{yati},
to unfetter Ka1d.
nirantara * = mf(%{A})n. having no interval (in space or time), close, compact, dense,
uninterrupted, perpetual, constant (%{-tA} f.) MBh. Ka1v. &c.; faithful true Pan5c.;
abounding in, full of (comp.) R. Sa1h.; not other or different, identical MBh. R. &c.; not
hidden from view W.; (%{am}) ind. closely, tightly, firmly, R2it. Sus3r.; constantly,
continually MBh. Ka1v. &c.; immediately, at once Ka1m. Vet.; %{-grihavAsin} mfn.
living in the next house Kull.; %{-payodharA} f. having closely contiguous breasts
(clouds) Mr2icch.v, 15 %{-vizeSa} mfn. (pl.) being without difference in regard to (loc.),
being treated alike MBh.; %{-zarIra} mfn. one whose body is densely transfixed with
(arrows) R.; %{-rA7bhyAsa} m. constant repetition or study, diligent exercise or practice
Prab.; %{-rA7tkaNThA} f. continual longing for Ratn.; %{-ro7dbhinna} mfn. densely
sprouted ib.
niranukros'a * = mf(%{A})n. pitiless, hard-hearted (%{-tA} f.) MBh. R. ; m.
mercilessness, cruelty R. ; %{-kArin} mfn. acting pitilessly MBh. ; %{-tas} ind. in a cruel
manner Pan5c. ; %{-yukta} mfn. uncompassionate, hard-hearted R.
nirapatrapa * = mf(%{A})n. shameless, impudent, confident MBh. R. Sus3r. &c.
nirapavaadaH = free from blemish
nirapeksha* = mf({A})n. regardless of. indifferent to, independent of (loc. or comp.);

desireless, careless, indifferent, disinterested Mn. MBh. Kv. &c. (also {-ka} BhP.);
({am}) ind. regardlessly, accidentally MBh. Das'.; ({A}) f. (R.) {-tA} f. (Kaths.), {-tva} n.
(RmatUp.) disregard, indifference, independence; {-kSita} mfn. regardless Prab.;
disregarded Das'.; {-kSin} mfn. indifferent, independent MBh.; {-kSya} mfn. not to be
regarded Bhartri.
nirarthakaM = needlessly
nirasta = removed
nirashtha* = ( {akS}), emasculated, deprived of vigour RV. S'Br. (cf. {mahA-n-}).
nirasta* = (R. also {-asita}) mfn. cast out or off, expelled, banished, rejected, removed,
refuted, destroyed S'Br. Mn. MBh. &c.; shot off (as an arrow) L.; spit out, vomited L.;
pronounced hurriedly or dropped in pronouncing ({a-n-} ChUp. ii, 22, 3) [553,2]; n.
dropping or leaving out (considered a fault in pronunciation) Pat.; {-bheda} mfn. having
all difference removed, identical MW.; {-rAga} mfn. one who has abandoned worldly
desires or has devoted himself to religious penance ib.; {-saMkhya} mfn. innumerable
(lit. refusing calculation) Dhananj.; {-sukho7daya} mf({A})n. hopelessly unfortunate (lit.
whose fortune has given up rising) Amar.
nirastapaadapa = (adj) barren, tree-less
nirataH = engaged
nirati* = f. delighting in, attachment to (comp.) Var. 1.
nirata* = {-ti} see {ni-ram}. [553,1]

nirata* = mfn. pleased, satisfied, delighting in, attached or devoted to, quite intent upon,
deeply engaged in or occupied with (loc. instr. or comp.) Mn. Var. MBh. Kv. &c.
niratiyasha = (adj) unsurpassed, perfect
niraya * = m. (either fr. %{nis} + %{i} = egression, sc. from earthly life, or fr. %{nir} + %
{aya} `" without happiness "') Niraya or Hell (personified as a child of fear and death
BhP.) Mn. MBh. Ka1v. &c.
nirayana = Sidereal or fixed Zodiac without precession
nirbandha * = m. objection Gaut. ; insisting upon (loc. or comp.), pertinacity,
obstinacy, perseverance MBh. Ka1v. &c. (ibc., %{-dhAt}, %{-dhena}, %{-dhatas} ind.
perseveringly, with or by perseverance ; %{-dhaM-kR}, to urge [gen.] Katha1s. i, 25 ; to
show obstinacy against [instr.] MBh. xiii, 5034) ; the attributing anything to, accusing of
(comp.) Mn. xi, 56 ; %{-para} mf(%{A})n. intent upon, desirous of (comp.) Kum. v, 66 ;
%{-pRSTa} mfn. urgently asked, importuned Ragh. xiv, 32.
nirbhara = dependent
nirbarhana: see nibarhana
nirbhrta= nirbhaata:*nirbhAta mfn. shone or shining forth, appeared, arisen MBh. Kv.
&c.
nirbhartsita * = mfn. threatened, menaced, reviled, abused Kaths. Pur.; {-vat} mfn.
Pac.

nirbhatha * = nirbhaTa mfn. hard, firm L. (v. r. {nirvaha}, perhaps w.r. for {nibhaTa} =
{ni-bhRta} q.v.)
nirbhaata * = mfn. shone or shining forth, appeared, arisen MBh. Ka1v. &c.
nirbhinna * = mfn. broken asunder, budded, blossomed; divided, separated, disunited;
pierced, penetrated; found out, betrayed Br. MBh. Ka1v. &c.; %{-tanu} mfn. having the
body pierced through or transfixed MW.
nirdaya *= mf(%{A})n. pitiless , unkind , cruel , hard , violent , excessive MBh. Ka1v. &c.
; unpitied by any Mn. ix , 239 ; (%{am}) ind. unmercifully , passionately , violently ,
greatly Ka1v. (%{-ya-taram} Bhartr2. i , 64) ; %{-tva} n. unmercifulness , cruelty , Ksv. ;
%{-ya-danta-daMza} m. unmerciful or passionate biting (with the teeth) Gi1t. ; %{-yarati-zramA7tasa} mf(%{A})n. tired by ppassionate amorous sports Ragh. xix , 32 ; %{yA7sleSa} m. a ppassionate embrace Megh. 105. -1.
niriiha = the desireless person *= mfn. motionless , inactive , desireless , indifferent ,
unanxious MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; (%{A}) f. (BhP.) = %{tA} f. (MBh.) , %{-tva} n. (MW.) , %{hA7vasthA} f. (Sa1h.) absence of effort or desire , indifference.
niriihataa = Lack of desire
niriikshe = may look upon
nirjita *= mfn. conquered, subdued, gained, won ib. ; claimed i.e. due (as interest on
money) Mn. viii, 154 ; %{-varman} m. N. of a man Ra1jat. ; %{-tA7ri-gaNa} mfn. one
who has conquered hosts of enemies MW. ; %{-te7ndriya} and %{-driya-grAma} mfn.
one who has subdued (the whole assemblage of) his passions or feelings (the latter also

m. `" a Muni, a saint "') W.

nirriti * = (%{ni4r-}) f. dissolution, destruction, calamity, evil, adversity RV. &c. &c.
(personified as the goddess of death and corruption and often associated with Mr2ityu,
A-ra1ti &c. RV. AV. VS.; variously regarded as the wife of A-dharma, mother of Bhaya,
Maha1-bhaya and Mr2ityu [MBh.] or as a daughter of A-dharma and Hin6sa1 and
mother of Naraka and Bhaya [Ma1rkP.]; binds mortals with her cords AV. Br. &c.; is
regent of the south [AV.] and of the asterism Mu1la [Var.]); the bottom or lower depths
of the earth (as the seat of putrefaction) AV. VS. S3Br.; m. death or the genius of death
BhP.; N. of a Rudra MBh. Hariv. Pur.; of one of the 8 Vasus Hariv. (v.l. %{ni-kRti}); %{gRhIta} (%{ni4r-R-}) mfn. seized by Nir-r2iti S3Br.; %{-pAza4} m. the fetters of NNirr2iti TS.
nirdaalana = Destruction
nirdishati = to indicate, to point out
nirdeshaH = indication
nirdeshakaH = (m) director
nirdoshhaM = flawless
nirdvandvaH = without duality
nirdhana = poor
nirdhanayoga = Combinations for poverty

nirdhuuta = cleansed
nirgama* = came out; going forth, setting out, departure Var. R. &c.; escaping from
(abl.) Veda7ntas.; disappearing, vanishing, cessation, end MBh. Kv. Sus'r. &c.; exit,
issue, outlet R. Pac.; a door L.; export-place (of goods).
nirguNaM = without material qualities
nirguNatvaat.h = due to being transcendental
nirguNa* mf({A})n. having no cord or string, Kiv.; having no good qualities or virtues,
bad, worthless, vicious MBh. R. &c.; devoid of all qualities or properties Up. MBh. &c.;
having no epithet, KatyS'r. Sch.; (said of the Supreme Being) W.; {-ka} mfn. having no
qualities RmatUp.; {-tattva} n. N. of wk.; {-tA} f. {-tva} n. absence of qualities or
properties; want of good qqualities, wickedness, viciousness MBh. Kv. Pur.; {NA7masa} mfn. of bad or vicious mind Kv.; {-NA7tmaka} mfn. having no qqualities
MBh.\\f. value, measure, equivalent La1t2y.
niriiksh *= A1. %{-IkSate} (%{-ti}) , to look at or towards , behold , regard , observe
(also the stars) , perceive Var. MBh. Ka1v. &c.
nirkshA *= f. looking at , regarding ; (%{ayA}) ind. with regard to (comp.) R. ; hope ,
expectation W.
niriikshaka *= mfn. looking at , seeing , viewing BhP. ; seeing = visiting (%{a-n-})
Ra1jat.
niriikshaNa *= mfn. looking at , regarding (ifc.) BhP. ; n. look , looking at , observing ;

sight , view (ifc. f. %{A} ; cf. %{dur-n-}) ; the aspect of the planets Var. R. Sus3r. &c.
nirjita *= mfn. conquered, subdued, gained, won ib. ; claimed i.e. due (as interest on
money) Mn. viii, 154 ; %{-varman} m. N. of a man Ra1jat. ; %{-tA7ri-gaNa} mfn. one
who has conquered hosts of enemies MW. ; %{-te7ndriya} and %{-driya-grAma} mfn.
one who has subdued (the whole assemblage of) his passions or feelings (the latter also
m. `" a Muni, a saint "') W.
nirlipta = unstainedness
nirmaa = to create
A1. %{-mimIte} TS.: AV. Br. ; %{-mAti} Ka1v. Pur. (pf. %{-mame} Mn. MBh. ; ind. p. %
{-mAya} Prab. ; inf. %{-mAtum} Ra1jat.) ; to mete out, measure AV. ; to build, make out
of (abl.), form, fabricate, produce, create TS. Br. Mn. &c. ; (with %{citram}) to paint
S3ak. Das3. ; (with %{kozam}) to compose or write Cat. ; (with %{giram}) to utter Kull. ;
(with %{nItim}) to show, betray MBh.: Pass. %{-mIyate} (pf. %{-mame} Ra1jat. v, 425 ;
aor. %{-amAyi} Cat.), to be measured out &c.: Caus. %{-mApayati}, to cause to be made
or built Ra1jat. Katha1s.: Desid. %{-mitsati}, to wish to make or build Naish.
nirmaaMsa* = mfn. fleshless, emaciated MBh. R. &c
nirmaaya *= (%{ni4r-}) mfn. powerless, weak TS. -1.
nirmamaH = without a sense of proprietorship
nirmama* = mf({A})n. unselfish, disinterested, (esp.) free from all worldly connections
MBh. R. &c.; regardless of, indifferent to (loc.) ib.; m. (with Jainas) N. of 15th Arhat of

the future Ut-sarpin; N. of S'iva S'ivag.; {-tA} f. (Ksv.), 1. {-tva} n. (Pur.) complete
unselfishness or indifference (see {ni4s}); 2. {-tva} mfn. free from selfishness, indifferent
Kull.
nirmala = clear
nirmalaM = purified
nirmalatvaat.h = being purest in the material world
nirmath *= or %{manth} P. A1. %{-manthati}, %{-te} RV. ; %{-mathati}, %{-te} MBh. ;
%{-mathnAti} Ka1t2h. (fut. %{-mathiSyati} ind. p. %{-mathya} MBh. Ka1v. &c.) ; to
grind (fire) out of (wood), to produce (fire) by rubbing (wood together), rub or churn
anything out of anything (double acc.) RV. S3Br. &c. ; to stir or churn (the sea) MBh. R. ;
to tear or draw or shake out of, extract MBh. Ka1v. Pur. ; to shake, agitate (the mind)
MBh. ; to grind down, crush, destroy MBh. Hariv. &c.: Pass. %{-mathyate} (p. %{yamAna}), to be rubbed or churned &c. MBh. Hariv.
nirmatha *= m. rubbing ; %{-dAru} = %{nirmantha-d-} L.
nirmathana *= n. rubbing, churning, making butter, lighting a fire by rubbing two
pieces of wood together or by churning Up. MBh. Sus3r. Ka1m.
nirmAthin *= mfn. grinding down, crushing or stamping to pieces, churning, rubbing
Ra1jat.
nirmathita *= mfn. stirred about, churned, agitated, crushed, destroyed MBh. Ka1v. &c.
; wiped off Mr2icch. ; m. a fire newly lighted by rubbing (wood) Ka1tyS3r. 1.

nirmathya *= mfn. to be (or being newly) excited by friction Vait. ; (%{A}) f. a partic.
fragrant bark L. 2. [556,2]
nirmatsara* = mfn. without envy or jealousy, unselfish Rjat. BhP.
nirmita = made * = ({ni4r-}) mfn. constructed, built, fashioned, formed, created, made
by (instr. or comp.) out of (abl. instr. or comp.) S'Br. Mn. MBh. &c.; (law) fixed, settled
Mn. ix, 46; (ceremony) performed, celebrated R. (B) i, 14, 42; (sacrificial animal) put
apart, separated, isolated (= {nir-UDha}) s'vS'r.; m. pl. (with Buddhists) a class of
deities Lalit.
nirmitavataH = of the author
nirmuktaaH = free from
nirmukti* = ({ni4r-}) f. liberation, deliverance from (abl. or comp.), Av. Kaths. or
{dAna} Sch. on BhP. x, 17, 18.
nirmuulana = uprootment
nirmUla* = mfn. rootless (as a tree) MBh.; baseless, unfounded BhP.; eradicated W.; {la-tA} f. rootlessness, baselessness Prab.; {-lana} m. an uprooter, Damayantk.; n.
uprooting, extirpating Bhartri.; {-laya}, Nom P. {-yati}, to uproot, eradicate, annihilate
Kd.
nirmohatvaM = non-infatuated state/clearheadedness
nirNiita* = mfn. traced out, ascertained, settled, decided MBh. &c.

nirodha = control or restraint

niruddha * = mfn. held back, withheld, held fast, stopped, shut, closed, confined,
restrained, checked, kept off, removed, suppressed RV. (%{ni4-ruddha}, i, 32, 11; %{niruddha4}, x, 28, 10) &c. &c.; rejected (= %{apa-ruddha}) Ta1n2d2Br. Ka1t2h.; covered,
veiled MBh. Hariv. &c.; filled with, full of (instr. or comp.) R. Katha1s. BhP.; m. N. of a
prince (v.l. %{a-nir-} q.v.); %{-kaNTha} mfn. having the breath obstructed, suffocated
MW.; %{-guda} m. contraction or obstruction of the rectum Sus3r.; %{-prakaza} m.
stricture of the urethra ib.; %{-vat} mfn. having (= he has) invested or besieged Ra1jat.
BhP.; %{-zama-vRtti} mfn. `" whose state of repose is interrupted "', wearied, tired W.
niruddhaM = being restrained from matter1
nirudhya = confining
nirukta* n= mfn. ( {vac}) uttered, pronounced, expressed, explained, defined Br. Up.
MBh. &c.; declared for (nom.) MBh.; explicitly mentioned or enjoined s'vGri.;
containing the name of a god (as a verse) S'nkhBr.; distinct, loud (opp. to {upA7Mzu})
S'Br.; interpreted i.e. become manifest, fulfilled, accomplished (as a word) MBh. ix,
1316; n. explanation or etymological interpretation of a word ChUp. viii, 3, 3 MBh. i, 266
&c.; N. of sev. wks., esp. of a Comm. on the Nighanthus by Yska.
nirupaadhika *= (BhP. ) mfn. without attributes or qualities , absolute.
nirupita A* relative to * = nirUpita mfn. seen, observed, considered, weighed,
discovered, ascertained, determined, defined Kv. Pur. &c.; appointed, elected, chosen
BhP. Pac.; pointed against, shot off BhP.; n. the state of having been discussed or

ascertained Hcat.
nirutsava *= mfn. having no festivals Ragh. BhP. ; %{-vA7rambha} mfn. making or
showing no preparation for a festival S3ak.
niruuha* = 2 m. ({nir-} 2. {Uh}) logic, disputation W.; certainty, ascertainment ib.; mfn.
= {niz-cita} L. 2
niruudhha * = mfn. unmarried W.
niruudhha * = (cf. {nir-UDha}, p. 540, col. 3) mfn. grown up BhP.; conventional,
accepted (as a word or its meaning, opp. to {yaugika} q.v.) Dyabh. Sarvad.; m. (in rhet.)
the force or application of words according to their natural or received meanings W.; (in
logic) the inherence of any property in the term implying it (as of redness in the word `"
red "' &c.) ib.; {-mUla} mfn. firmly rooted BhP.; {-lakSaNA} f. (in rhet.) the secondary
use of a word which is based not on the particular intention of the speaker but on its
accepted and popular usage.
niruudhha * = mfn. drawn out, put aside, separate Gaut.; purged Car. Sus'r.; eviscerated
(cf. comp.); {-pazupaddhati} f. N. of wk.; {-pazu-bandha} m. `" the offering of an
eviscerated animal "' or `" separate offoffering of an aanimal "'N. of one of the regular
Havir-yajas Gaut. &c. ({-dha-prayoga}, {-dha-maitrAvaruNa-prayoga}, {-dha-hautraprayoga} m. N. of wks.); {-ziras} ({ni4r-}) mfn. with the head laid apart S'Br.
niruup * = P. %{-rUpayati}, to perform, represent on the stage, act, gesticulate, indicate
or exhibit by gestures (e.g. %{ratha-vegam}, the swiftness of a carriage ; %{vRkSasecanam}, the watering of a tree S3ak.) ; to perceive, notice, find out, ascertain Hariv.

Ka1v. &c. ; to investigate, examine, search, try, consider, reflect upon Ka1v. Sus3r.
Sarvad. &c. ; to state, define Pan5c. Pur. S3am2k. ; to select, choose, appoint as (double
acc.), appoint to (loc., lat. or inf.) Ka1v. Pan5c. &c.
niruupita * = mfn. seen, observed, considered, weighed, discovered, ascertained,
determined, defined Ka1v. Pur. &c.; appointed, elected, chosen BhP. Pan5c.; pointed
against, shot off BhP.; n. the state of having been discussed or ascertained Hcat.
nirvaachana = (m ?) election
nirvaaNa = freedom of the personal soul from the physical world
nirvaaNaparamaaM = cessation of material existence
nirvaata = (adj) windless
nirvaapayati = to douse
nirvedaM = callousness
nirveda* = mfn. not having the Vedas, infidel, unscriptural W.\\ (for 1. see p. 542, col.
3) m. id., complete indifference, disregard of worldly objects S'Br. Up. MBh. &c.;
loathing, disgust for (loc. gen. or comp.) MBh. R. &c.; {-duH-saham} ind. in a
despairingly insupportable manner Mlatm.; {-vat} mfn. despondent, resigned,
indifferent Pac.
nirveda* =1. and 2 see p. 542, col. 2, and {nir-vid}

nirvichaara = non-investigational meditation

nirvidya *= mfn. unlearned, uneducated Ka1m.
nirviNNa *= mfn. (wrongly %{-vinna} ; cf. Pa1n2. 8-4 , 29 Va1rtt. 1 Pat.) despondent ,
depressed , sorrowful , afraid , loathing , disgusted with (abl. instr. gen. loc. or comp.)
MBh. Katha1s. ; pur. &c. ; abused , degraded , humble W. ; known , certain ib. ; %{cetas} mfn. depressed in mind , meek , resigned Bhag.
nirvinoda *= mfn. having no pastime , void of solace or diversion Megh. Vcar. [542,2]
nirvitarka = non-inspectional meditation
nirvisheshha = Ordinary
nirvizesha *= mf(%{A})n. showing or making no difference , undiscriminating , without
distinction MBh. R. &c. ; not different from , same , like (comp.) Ka1lid. ; (with %
{vizeSa} m. not the least difference Bhartr2. iii , 54) ; unqualified , absolute Sarvad. ; (%
{am} and %{eNa}) ind. equally , alike , the same as (comp.) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; n. absence
of difference , indiscriminateness , likeness MBh. vi , 5519 ; %{-SaNa} mfn. having no
attributes BhP. ; %{-Sa-tA} f. (Bha1m.) , %{-Sa-tva} n. (MBh.) = %{-Sa} n. ; %{-Sa-vat}
mfn. not different , indiscriminate , xii , 7516 ; %{-SA7kRti} mfn. whose forms are
precisely alike MW.
vivitsu *= mfn. desirous of knowing or learning (with acc.) MBh. BhP. ; m. N. of a son of
Dhr2ita-ra1sht2ra MBh.
nirvaNa* = m. or n. a country without forests L.; mfn. = {-vana}; ({-Ne}) ind. in the open

country Pn. vi, 2, 178; viii, 4, 5 Ks'.

nirvana* = mfn. having no wood, being out of a wwood or in the open country MBh. v,
863 (cf. {-vaNa}).
nirvaaNa* = mfn. blown or put out, extinguished (as a lamp or fire), set (as the sun),
calmed, quieted, tamed (cf. {a-nirv-}), dead, deceased (lit. having the fire of life
extinguished), lost, disappeared MBh. Kv. &c.; immersed, plunged L.; immovable L.; {bhUyiSTha} mfn. nearly extinguished), or vanished Kum. ii, 53; n. blowing out,
extinction, cessation, setting, vanishing, disappearance ({-NaM-kR}, to make away with
anything i.e. not to keep one's promise); extinction of the flame of life, dissolution, death
or final emancipation from matter and re-union with the Supreme Spirit MBh. &c. &c.;
(with Buddhists and Jainas) absolute extinction or annihilation (= {zUnya} L.) of
individual existence or of all desires and passions MWB. 137139 &c.; perfect calm or
repose or happiness, highest bliss or beatitude MBh. Kv. &c.; N. of an Upanishad;
instructing in sciences L.; bathing of an elephant L.; the post to which an elephant is tied
Gal.; offering oblations (for 1. {nir-vApaNa} ?) L.; {-kara} m. `" causing extinction of all
sense of individuality "', a partic. Samdhi Krand.; {-kANDa} m. or n. N. of wk.; {tantra} see {bRhan-nirvANat-} and {mahA-n-}; {-da} mfn. bestowing final beatitude
MBh.; {-dazaka} n. N. of wk.; {-dIkSita} m. N. of a grammarian Cat.; {-dhAtu} m. the
region of Nirvna Vajracch. Krand.; {-purANa} n. offering oblations to the dead Rjat.;
{-prakaraNa} n. N. of wk.; {-priyA} f. N. of a Gandharv Krand.; {-maNDapa} m. N. of
a temple, Skandap.; {-mantra} n. N. of a mystical formula Cat.; {-maya} mf({I})n. full of
bliss VP.; {-mastaka} m. liberation, deliverance W.; {-yoga-paTala-stotra} and {yogo7ttara} n. N. of wks.; {-ruci} m. pl. `" delighting in final beatitude "'N. of a class of
deities under the 11th Manu BhP. (cf. {nirmANa-rati}); {-lakSaNa} mfn. having complete
bliss as its characteristic mark MW.; {-SaTka} n. N. of a Stotra; {-saMcodana} m. a

partic. Samdhi, Krand.; {-sUtra} n. N. of partic. Buddh. Stras; {-No7paniSad} f. N.

of an Upanishad.
nirvaira* = n. absence of enmity, Bh. (also {-riNa} Tarkas.); mfn. free from enmity,
peaceable, amicable Var. MBh. &c.; ({am}) ind. peaceably, without enmity R.; m. N. of a
hunter Hariv.; {-tA} f. concord MBh. Hariv.
nirvartana* = n. completion, execution Sank.; v.l. for {niv-}.
nirvartaka* = {nir-vartana}, &c. see under {nir-vRt}.
nirvartaka* = mfn. (fr. Caus.) bringing about, accomplishing, performing, finishing
Sank. Pat.; v.l. for {niv-}
nirvartana * = n. completion, execution Sam2k.; v.l. for %{niv-}.
nirvarti* = mfn. wickless Kd.
nirvartin* = mfn. accomplishing (ifc.) S'ak. v, 20/21 (v.l. {niv-}).
nirvartitavya* = mfn. to be performed (in Prkr.), Ratna7v. 2.
nirvartya* = mfn. to be brought about or accomplished or effected ({-tva} n.) Das'ar.
Rjat. Sank.; to be uttered or pronounced VPrt. Sch.
nirvikalpa * = mfn. (or %{-pana} L.) not admitting an alternative, free from change or
differences, Tejob. Up. Veda7ntas.; admitting no doubt, not wavering Bhartr2. (%{am})
ind. without hesitation or reflection Pan5c.; %{-vAda} and %{-vicAra} m. N. of wks.

nirvinna* = mfn. (wrongly {-vinna}; cf. Pn. 8-4, 29 Vrtt. 1 Pat.) despondent,
depressed, sorrowful, afraid, loathing, disgusted with (abl. instr. gen. loc. or comp.)
MBh. Kaths.; pur. &c.; abused, degraded, humble W.; known, certain ib.; {-cetas} mfn.
depressed in mind, meek, resigned Bhag.
nirvivikshat *= mfn. (fr. Desid. of %{nir-viz}) wishing to enter a common dwelling BhP.
[558,1]
nirvivitsu *= mfn. (fr. Desid. of %{nir-} 3. %{vid}) desirous of disuniting (%
{surA7surAn}) MBh. ii , 141.
nirvyalIka* = mfn. not causing pain, (either = ) not offending, harmless (as a word)
BhP.; (or =) easy, hearty, willingly done (as a gift) MBh.; not feeling pain or uneasiness,
willing, ready, sincere, undissembling MBh. R. &c.; %{-kena@cetasA} or %{hRdA}, with
a willing or easy heart or mind MBh.; (%{-kam} or %{-ka-tas}) ind. sincerely, willingly
BhP.
nirvrita * = mfn. satisfied, happy, tranquil, at ease, at rest Mn. MBh. Kv. &c.;
extinguished, terminated, ceased, Ven. vi, 1 MrkP.; emancipated W.; n. a house W.
nirvritiM = non-engagement, non-performance, release from bondage, salvation
niryaasaH = (m) gum, glue
niryaata * gone out or forth, issued, &c.; laid aside (as money) MBh.; completely familiar
or conversant with (loc. or comp.) Lalit. (v. l. {nir-jAta}).
niryaataka * =mfn. bearing away, carrying off, removing (ifc.; cf. %{preta-}, %{mRta-}).

niryaatana * =, n. giving back, returning, restoring, delivery of a deposit, replacing

anything lost, payment of a debt (with gen. or comp.; cf. %{vaira-}) Hariv. R. &c.; gift,
donation L.; revenge, killing, slaughter L.
niryogakshemaH = free from ideas of gain and protection
nis'cita * = mfn. one who has come to a conclusion or formed a certain opinion,
determined to, resolute upon (dat. loc., %{artham} ifc. or comp.) MBh. Ka1v. Sus3r. &c.;
ascertained, determined, settled, decided Up. MBh. (superl. %{-tama}) R. &c.; (%{am})
ind. decidedly, positively Ka1v. Katha1s. Pan5c.; n. certainty, decision, resolution, design
R.; (%{A}) f. N. of a river MBh. VP.; %{-tA7rtha} mfn. one who has formed a certain
opinion about (loc.), judging rightly (compar. %{-tara}) R. (B.)
nisheka *= m. sprinkling, infusion, aspersion, dripping, distilling Ka1v. ; seminal
infusion, impregnation and the ceremony connected with it Mn. Var. Sus3r. ; water for
washing, dirty water, wash (impurities caused by seminal effusion ?) Mn. iv, 151 ; %{prakAra} and %{-vicAra} m. %{-svarA} f. N. of wks.
nisheva *= practising, exercising, observing (ifc.) MBh.; ({A}) f. exercising, practice,
service BhP.; use, employment ib.; worship, adoration ib.
nishaa = Night
nishaachara = animals who roam around in the dark or night
nishaacharachamuu = the army of the night-wanderers(demons)
nishita = sharpened

nishiitha = night
nisheka = Coital Chart
nisheva *= mfn. practising , exercising , observing (ifc.) MBh. ; (%{A}) f. exercising ,
practice , service BhP. ; use , employment ib. ; worship , adoration ib.
nis'cala* = mf({A})n. motionless, immovable, fixed, steady, invariable, unchangeable
MBh. Kv. &c.; ({A}) f. the earth L.; Desmodiuni Gangeticum L.; {-la-kara} and, {-ladAsa-svAmin} m. N. of authors; {-lA7Gga} m. `" firm-limbed, firm, Ardea Nivea L.; a
rock, mountain L.
nishchaya = determination
nishchayaM = certainty
nishchayaH = in certainty
nishchayena = with firm determination
nishchalatattvaM = tranquillity/imperturbability
nishchalati = becomes verily agitated
nishchalaa = unmoved
nishchaayakapramaaNena = thro'confirmation and proof

nis'ceshtha *= mfn. incapable of motion , motionless , powerless , helpless MBh. Ka1v.

Sus3r. &c. ; (%{am}) ind. without motion MBh. ; (%{A}) f. motionless ; %{-TA-karaNa}
mfn. causing it (N. of one of the arrows of the god of love) L. ; %{-TI-} %{bhU} , become
motionless Katha1s.
nis'cita = determined, ascertained* = mfn. one who has come to a conclusion or formed
a certain opinion, determined to, resolute upon (dat. loc., {artham} ifc. or comp.) MBh.
Kv. Sus'r. &c.; ascertained, determined, settled, decided Up. MBh. (superl. {-tama}) R.
&c.; ({am}) ind. decidedly, positively Kv. Kaths. Pac.; n. certainty, decision,
resolution, design R.; ({A}) f. N. of a river MBh. VP.; {-tA7rtha} mfn. one who has
formed a certain opinion about (loc.), judging rightly (compar. {-tara}) R. (B.)
nishchitaM = confidently
nishchitaaH = having ascertained
nishchitya = ascertaining
nishedha*= m. warding or keeping off, hindering, prevention, prohibition Ya1jn5. Var.
Sus3r. ; contradiction, negation, denial S3ak. vii, 20/21 (v.l. for %{vi-vAda}) Va1m. v, 1,
8 ; discontinuance, exception W. ; (with %{aGgirasAm} &c.) N. of Sa1mans A1rshBr. ; %
{-vAda} m. N. of wk.
nishedhaka *= mfn. keeping back, preventing, prohibiting Ma1rkP. TPra1t. Sch.
nishedhana *= n. the act of warding off or defending, prevention Sus3r.
nishkala *= mfn. without parts, undivided Up. MBh. &c. ; waned, diminished, decayed,

infirm MBh. Das3. ; seedless, impotent L. ; m. an old man W. ; N. of S3iva S3ivag. ; a

receptacle L. ; pudendum muliebre L. ; (%{A} or %{I} ; g. %{gaurA7di}) f. a woman past
childbearing or menstruation L. ; %{-tva} n. indivisibility, the state of the absolute
Brahma MBh.
nishkarshhaH = (m) conclusion, result
nishkaasayati = to remove, to take off
nishkicana *= mf(%{A})n. having nothing, poor Ra1jat. BhP. ; %{tva} n. poverty MBh.
nishkoshhayati = to peel
nishkrita * = mfn. done away, removed, expelled, atoned, expiated (cf. %{a-niSkRta}) ;
made ready, prepared ; n. atonement, expiation BhP. ; a fixed place, place of rendezvous
RV. ; %{-tA7hAva} mfn. furnished with a trough TS.
nishna *= mfn. clever, skilful, versed or experienced in (comp.) Bhat2t2. (cf. %{ni-zna},
%{nadI-Sna}, and next)
nishpiiDa *= (R. ii , 62 , 17) w.r. for %{niS-pIta}.
nishpiita *= mfn. drunk out or up S3Br. ; emptied by drinking , dried or sucked up ,
exhausted R. Katha1s.
nishthha = faith* = mfn. (in some senses = or w.r. for {niH} + {stha}) being in or on,
situated on, grounded or resting on, depending on, relating or referring to (usually ifc.)
Mn. MBh. &c.; intent on, devoted to ib. (cf. {dharma-}, {satya-}); conducive to, effecting

(dat.) Blar. v, 51; {-loka} m. pl. dependent people i.e. servants Rjat. vii, 114. 1.
nishthhaa* = ( {sthA}; aor {ny-aSThAt} pf. {ni-tasthau} Vop.): Caus. (aor. {nyatiSThipat}) to fix in (loc.) S'Br.; to give forth, emit, yield HParis\\. (ifc. f. {A}) state,
condition, position Bhag.; firmness, steadiness, attachment, devotion, application, skill
in, familiarity with, certain knowledge of (loc.) MBh. Kv. Pur.; decision about (gen.)
Rjat.; decisive sentence, judgment Gaut. p.; completion, perfection, culminating or
extreme point Mn. p. MBh. &c. [563,2]; conclusion, end, termination, death (ifc. `"
ending with "') MBh. Kv. &c.; asking, begging L.; trouble, distress L.; (in gram.) N. of
the p.p. affixes {ta} and {tavat}; (in dram.) the end or catastrophe W.; {-gata} mfn. gone
to or attaining perfection; m. pl. a class of Buddh. deities Lalit.; {-nta} ({-ThA7nta}) m.
end, conclusion MBh. BhP. (v.l. {diSTA7nta}); {-va} mfn. concluding, deciding AitBr.; {vat} mfn. perfect, complete, consummate R.; {-zUnya} mfn. devoid of firmness,
unsteady, irresolute, Mlatim. 2.\\(Padap. {niH-SThA}) mfn. excelling, eminent RV.
nishthana * = m. groan, sigh R.
nishthaanaka * = mfn. speaking loud R. ; m. roar, murmur, rustling MBh. ; N. of a
serpent-demon MBh. (v.l. %{-SThAnaka}).
nishthhiivati = to spit
nishpaavaH = (m) peas
nishphala* = mf({A})n. bearing no fruit, fruitless, barren, resultless, successless, useless,
vain Mn. MBh. Var. Kv. &c.; seedless, impotent W.; ({A}) f. a woman past childbearing
or menstruation (also {I}, v.l. {niS-kalA}) L.; a species of Momordica L.; {-tva} n.

unfruitfulness, uselessness Mriicch. iv, 9; {-laya} Nom. P. {-yati}, to render fruitless

Kull.; {-lI} {kR}, to make fruitless, neglect Mriicch.; v.l. for {niS-kulI-} {kR} VarBriS. Iv,
29.
nishpiiDayati = to squeeze
nishka *= m. rarely n. (Un2. iii , 45 g. %{ardharcA7di}) a golden ornament for the neck
or breast (also used as money) RV. &c. &c. ; later a partic. coin varying in value at
different times (= 1 Di1na1ra of 32 small or 16 large Rettis , = 1 Karsha or Suvarn2a of 16
Ma1shas , = 1 Pala of 4 or 5 Su-varn2as , = 1 larger Pala or Di1na1ra variously reckoned
at 108 or 150 Su-varn2as , = 4 Ma1shas , = 16 Drammas ; also a weight of silver of 4 Suvarn2as) ; a golden vessel L. ; gold L. ; m. a Ca1n2d2a1la L. ; (%{A}) f. a measure of
length Ma1rkP.
nishkaama* = ({ni4S-}) mfn. desireless, disinterested, unselfish S'Br. Mn. &c.; {-cArin}
mfn. acting without interest or selfishness MrkP.
nishNAta* = mfn. deeply versed in, skilful, clever, learned (with loc. or ifc.) MBh. Kv.
Pur.; agreed upon Yj. Mlatm.; {-tva} n. skill in, familiarity with ({prati}) Kull. x, 85.
nistraiguNyaH = transcendental to the three modes of material nature
nisprihaH = devoid of desire
nissangatvaM = aloneness/non-attachment/detachment
nisspriha = one who has no desire

nistriMs'a *= mfn. more than thirty (pl.) L. ; merciless, cruel Ka1v. Pan5c. ; m. a sword
MBh. Katha1s. Sus3r. &c. ; a sacrificial knife W. ; a partic. stage in the retrograde motion
of the planet Mars, Var, (= %{-zamusala} ib.) ; %{-karkaza} mfn. cruel and hard Ka1v. ;
%{-tva} n. cruelty Ra1jat. ; %{-dharmin} mfn. resembling a sword Ra1jat. ; %{-dhArin}
m. a ssword-bearer MatsyaP. ; %{-pattraka} m. (Car.) ; %{-trikA} f. (L.) Euphorbia
(Antiquorum or Tortilis) ; %{-bhRt} m. = %{-dhArin} MW. ; %{-zin} mfn. bearing a
ssword A1s3vS3r.
nita = to bend
nitaraam * = nd. ({ni} with the compar. suffix) downwards TBr.; in a low tone, S'nkh.
Br.; completely, wholly, entirely; by all means, at all events; especially, in a high degree
Kv. Pur.; explicitly Kull.
nitaM = has been led
nitya = always
nityaM = daily/always
nityaH = eternal
nityajaataM = always born
nityatvaM = constancy
nityam.h = ever

nityamadhiiyataaM = daily, may be studied

nityayuktaH = always engaged
nityayuktaaH = perpetually engaged
nityavairiNa = by the eternal enemy
nityashaH = regularly
nityasattvasthaH = in a pure state of spiritual existence
nityasya = eternal in existence
nityaaH = in eternity
nivartaka* = mf(%{ikA})n. turning back, flying (%{a-niv-}) Hariv.; causing to cease,
abolishing, removing MBh. Sam2k. (%{-tva} n.); desisting from, stopping, ceasing MW.
nivartana* = mfn. causing to turn back RV.; n. turning back, returning, turning the back
i.e. retreating, fleeing AV. MBh. &c. (%{mRtyuM@kRtvA@nivartanam}, making retreat
equivalent to death i.e. desisting from fighting only in death MBh. vi, vii; w.r. %
{kRtvA@mRtyu-niv-}); ceasing, not happening or occurring, being prevented MBh.
Hariv. &c.; desisting or abstaining from (abl.) MBh. BhP.; desisting from work, inactivity
(opp. to %{pra-vartana}) Ka1m.; causing to return, bringing back (esp. the shooting off
and bringing back of weapons) MBh. Ka1v.; turning back (the hair) Ka1tyS3r.; a means
of returning RV. AV.; averting or keeping back from (abl.) Veda7ntas.; reforming,
repenting W.; a measure of land (20 rods or 200 cubits or 40,000 Hastas square) Hcat.;

%{-stUpa} m. N. of a Stu1pa erected at the spot where the charioteer of Buddha

returned.
nivarta.nte = return (Verb Pr.III P. plural PP)
nivartate = he ceases from
nivartanti = they come back
nivartante = come back
nivartituM = to cease
nivasati = lives/dwells
nivasishhyasi = you will live
nis'cala * = mf(%{A})n. motionless, immovable, fixed, steady, invariable, unchangeable
MBh. Ka1v. &c.; (%{A}) f. the earth L.; Desmodiuni Gangeticum L.; %{-la-kara} and, %
{-la-dAsa-svAmin} m. N. of authors; %{-lA7Gga} m. `" firm-limbed, firm, Ardea Nivea
L.; a rock, mountain L.
nishthhaa* = ( %{sthA}; aor %{ny-aSThAt} pf. %{ni-tasthau} Vop.): Caus. (aor. %{nyatiSThipat}) to fix in (loc.) S3Br.; to give forth, emit, yield HParis3.// =f. (ifc. f. %{A})
state, condition, position Bhag.; firmness, steadiness, attachment, devotion, application,
skill in, familiarity with, certain knowledge of (loc.) MBh. Ka1v. Pur.; decision about
(gen.) Ra1jat.; decisive sentence, judgment Gaut. A1p.; completion, perfection,
culminating or extreme point Mn. A1p. MBh. &c. [563,2]; conclusion, end, termination,

death (ifc. `" ending with "') MBh. Ka1v. &c.; asking, begging L.; trouble, distress L.; (in
gram.) N. of the p.p. affixes %{ta} and %{tavat}; (in dram.) the end or catastrophe W.; %
{-gata} mfn. gone to or attaining perfection; m. pl. a class of Buddh. deities Lalit.; %{nta} (%{-ThA7nta}) m. end, conclusion MBh. BhP. (v.l. %{diSTA7nta}); %{-va} mfn.
concluding, deciding AitBr.; %{-vat} mfn. perfect, complete, consummate R.; %{-zUnya}
mfn. devoid of firmness, unsteady, irresolute, Ma1latim. 2.//(Padap. %{niH-SThA})
mfn. excelling, eminent RV.
nishthha* =mfn. (in some senses = or w.r. for %{niH} + %{stha}) being in or on, situated
on, grounded or resting on, depending on, relating or referring to (usually ifc.) Mn. MBh.
&c.; intent on, devoted to ib. (cf. %{dharma-}, %{satya-}); conducive to, effecting (dat.)
Ba1lar. v, 51; %{-loka} m. pl. dependent people i.e. servants Ra1jat. vii, 114. 1.
nitaraam *= ind. (%{ni} with the compar. suffix) downwards TBr. ; in a low tone ,
S3a1n3kh. Br. ; completely , wholly , entirely ; by all means , at all events ; especially , in
a high degree Ka1v. Pur. ; explicitly Kull.
nivedana* = mfn. announcing, proclaiming Hariv.; m. N. of S'iva MBh.; n. making
known, publishing, announcement, communication, information ({Atma-niv-},
presentation or introduction of one's self) MBh. R. &c.; delivering, entrusting, offering,
dedicating MBh. Rjat. BhP.; (in dram.) the reminding a person of a neglected duty Sh.
nivedayiSu* = mfn. (fr. Desid. of Caus.) wishing to report or to relate about (acc.) MBh.
(B. {vived-}).
nivedita* = mfn. made known, announced, told, represented, entrusted, presented, given
MBh. R. Kaths. &c.

nivedin* = mfn. knowing, aware of (comp.) Mlatm.; communicating, reporting MBh.

R.; offering, presenting BhP.
nivedya* = mfn. to be communicated or related or presented or delivered MBh. Rjat.
Hcat.; n. an offering of food for an idol (for {naivedya}) Rjat.
nivedaka* = mf({ikA})n. (fr. Caus.) communicating, relating MBh.
nivedaka* = {-dana} &c. see 1. {ni-vid}.
nives'ayitavya * = mfn. to be put or placed S3am2k. nirvikaaraH = without change
nivahena = by carrying
nivanaa * = ind. downwards, downhill RV. (cf. {ni-vatA}).
nivaatasthaH = in a place without wind
nivara * = &c. see {ni-vR}.
ni-vaara * =m. covering, protection or a protector RV. viii, 93, 15 (Sy. `" a preventer,
obstructer "'); ({A}) f. a virgin, unmarried girl Pn. 3-3, 48 Sch. (fr. {ni} + {vara}, `"
having no husband "' W.)
ni-vaara * =m. keeping off, hindering, impediment (cf. {dur-niv-}); ({A}) f. N. of a river
MBh. VP. (v.l. {nIv-}).
nivaasa = residence* = m. clothing, dress (ifc. = prec.) Hariv. * = m. living, dwelling,

residing, passing the night; dwelling-place, abode, house, habitation, night-quarters

MBh. R. &c.; {-bhavana} n. sleeping-room Kaths.; {-bhUmi} f. place of residence
S'rngP.; {-bhUya} n. habitation or inhabiting W.; {-racanA} f. an edifice Mriicch. iii, 23;
{-rAjan} m. the king of the country in which one dwells Yj. iii, 25; {-vRkSa} m. `"
dwelling tree "', a tree on which a bird has its nest Vikr. v, 4/5.
nivaasaH = living
nivaasana * = n. (fr. Caus.) living, residing, sojourn, abode Ca1n2. R. ; passing or
spending time R.\\n. (fr. Caus.) a kind of raiment Buddh.
nivaasin * = mfn. dressed in , wearing (ifc.) MBh. Ka1v.
nivaasin * = mfn. dwelling or living or being or sticking in (comp.) ; m. an inhabitant
Mn. MBh. Ka1v. &c.
nivad * = Caus. . {-vAdayate}, to make resound (as a drum &c.) MBh. [559, 1]
nivadh * = (aor. {-avadhIt}), to strike down, kill MBh. R. &c.; to fix in, hurl down upon
(loc.) RV. iv, 41, 4.
nivaha = flow
nivah * = P. . {-vahati}, {-te}, to lead down, lead or bring to (dat. or loc.) RV. S'Br.; to
flow MBh. xii, 10318; to carry, support (see below): Caus. {-vAhayati} (Pass. {vAhyate}),
to set in motion Hariv.
nivahaH = (m) group, crowd, herd

nivarta* = mfn. causing to turn back RV.

nivartaka* = mf({ikA})n. turning back, flying ({a-niv-}) Hariv.; causing to cease,
abolishing, removing MBh. Sank. ({-tva} n.); desisting from, stopping, ceasing MW.
nivartana* = mfn. causing to turn back RV.; n. turning back, returning, turning the back
i.e. retreating, fleeing AV. MBh. &c. ({mRtyuM kRtvA nivartanam}, making retreat
equivalent to death i.e. desisting from fighting only in death MBh. vi, vii; w.r. {kRtvA
mRtyu-niv-}); ceasing, not happening or occurring, being prevented MBh. Hariv. &c.;
desisting or abstaining from (abl.) MBh. BhP.; desisting from work, inactivity (opp. to
{pra-vartana}) Km.; causing to return, bringing back (esp. the shooting off and
bringing back of weapons) MBh. Kv.; turning back (the hair) KtyS'r.; a means of
returning RV. AV.; averting or keeping back from (abl.) Veda7ntas.; reforming,
repenting W.; a measure of land (20 rods or 200 cubits or 40,000 Hastas square) Hcat.;
{-stUpa} m. N. of a Stpa erected at the spot where the charioteer of Buddha returned.
nivartanIya* = mfn. to be brought back Mlav. v, 14/15 (w.r. {nir-v-}); to be prevented or
hindered MBh.
nivartayitavya* = mfn. to be kept back or detained R.
nivartita* = mfn. turned or brought back, averted, prevented, given up, abandoned,
suppressed, removed MBh. Kv. Pur.; {-pUrva} mfn. one who has turned away before
MW.; {-tA7khilA7hAra} mfn. one who has abstained from all food BhP.
nivartin* = mfn. turning back, retreating, fleeing (mostly {a-niv-} q.v.); abstaining from
(comp.) MBh.; allowing or causing to return ({a-niv-}) Hariv.; w.r. for {nir-v-} q.v.

nivartya* = mfn. to be turned back (see {dur-niv-}); annulled, declared to be invalid Pat.
nivarta* = mfn. causing to turn back RV.
nivasana * = n. putting on (a garment) R. ; cloth, garment (cf. %{kaTI-niv-}) Var. Ka1v.
&c. ; an under garment L.
nivasana* = n. dwelling, habitation L.
nirveda* = mfn. not having the Vedas, infidel, unscriptural W.
nirveda* = (for 1. see p. 542, col. 3) m. id., complete indifference, disregard of worldly
objects S'Br. Up. MBh. &c.; loathing, disgust for (loc. gen. or comp.) MBh. R. &c.; {duH-saham} ind. in a despairingly insupportable manner Mlatm.; {-vat} mfn.
despondent, resigned, indifferent Pac.
nivrita* ({ni4-}) mfn. held back, withheld RV. [560, 1]; surrounded, enclosed L.; m. or f.
or n. (= {ni-vIta}) a veil, mantle, wrapper L.; n. = next L.
nivrittiM = not acting improperly
nivrit* = A1. %{-vartate} (ind. p. %{-vRtya} AV.; infin. %{-vartitum} MBh.; rarely P. e.g.
Pot. %{-vartet} MBh. Hariv.; impf. or subj. %{-vartat} RV.; pf. %{-vAvRtur} ib.; fut. %{vartiSyati} MBh.; %{-vartsyan} Bhat2t2.; aor. %{-avRtat} ib.), to turn back, stop (trans.
and intrans.) RV. &c.; to return from (abl.) to (acc. with or without %{prati}, or dat.); to
return into life, revive, be born again MBh. Ka1v. &c.; to turn away, retreat, flee, escape,
abstain or desist from, get rid of (abl.) ib.; to fall back, rebound R.; to leave off (%
{sAmi}, in the midst or when anything is half finished S3Br.), cease, end, disappear,

vanish TS. S3Br. Up. &c.; to be withheld from, not belong to (abl.); to be omitted, not to
occur La1t2y. Mn. MBh.; to be ineffective or useless MBh. Katha1s.; to be wanting, not to
exist (%{yato@vAco@nivartante}, for which there are no words) TUp.; to pass over to
(loc.) MBh.; to be turned upon (loc. or %{tatra}) ib.: Caus. %{-vartayati}, %{-te} (A1. Pot.
%{-vartayIta} A1s3vS3r.; Pass. %{-vartyate} Ragh.), to turn downwards, let sink (the
head) TBr.; to turn back i.e. shorten (the hair) Br.; to lead or bring back, reconduct,
return AV. &c. &c.; to turn away, avert or keep back from (abl.) MBh. Ka1v. &c.; to give
up, abandon, suppress, withhold, refuse, deny; to annul, remove, destroy Mn. MBh.
Ka1v. Pur.; to bring to an end i.e. perform, accomplish (a sacrifice &c.) R. BhP.; to
procure, bestow Hariv. Ma1rkP.; to desist from (abl.) MBh. R.
nivrita * = (%{ni4-}) mfn. held back, withheld RV. [560,1] ; surrounded, enclosed L. ;
m. or f. or n. (= %{ni-vIta}) a veil, mantle, wrapper L. ; n. = next L.
nivRtti* = f. (often w.r. for %{nir-v-}) returning, return, MlBh. Ragh.; ceasing, cessation,
disappearance S3rS. Up. MBh. &c.; leaving off, abstaining or desisting from (abl.) Mn.
MBh. Bhartr2. &c.; escaping from (abl.) Pan5c. ii, 87 (w.r. %{-ttaH}); ceasing from
worldly acts, inactivity, rest, repose (opp. to %{pra-vRtti}) Bhag. Prab.; (in dram.)
citation of an example Sa1h.; suspension, ceasing to be valid (as of a rule) Pa1n2. Sch.;
destruction, perdition Ra1matUp.; denial, refusal W.; abolition, prevention ib.
nivedana * = mfn. announcing, proclaiming Hariv.; m. N. of S'iva MBh.; n. making
known, publishing, announcement, communication, information ({Atma-niv-},
presentation or introduction of one's self) MBh. R. &c.; delivering, entrusting, offering,
dedicating MBh. Rjat. BhP.; (in dram.) the reminding a person of a neglected duty Sh.
nivedayiSu * = mfn. (fr. Desid. of Caus.) wishing to report or to relate about (acc.) MBh.

(B. {vived-}).
nivedaka* =mf({ikA})n. (fr. Caus.) communicating, relating MBh.
nivedaka * ={-dana} &c. see 1. {ni-vid}
nivedita* = mfn. made known, announced, told, represented, entrusted, presented, given
MBh. R. Kaths. &c
niveshaya = apply
nives'ita mfn. made to enter, placed in or upon, turned to, fixed or intent upon, engaged
in &c. MBh. Ka1v. &c.
nives'ya * = mfn. to be founded (as a town) Hariv.; to be married (as a man) MBh.; w.r.
for {nirv-} (see {nir-viz}).
nivrit * = A1. %{-vartate} (ind. p. %{-vRtya} AV.; infin. %{-vartitum} MBh.; rarely P.
e.g. Pot. %{-vartet} MBh. Hariv.; impf. or subj. %{-vartat} RV.; pf. %{-vAvRtur} ib.; fut.
%{-vartiSyati} MBh.; %{-vartsyan} Bhat2t2.; aor. %{-avRtat} ib.), to turn back, stop
(trans. and intrans.) RV. &c.; to return from (abl.) to (acc. with or without %{prati}, or
dat.); to return into life, revive, be born again MBh. Ka1v. &c.; to turn away, retreat, flee,
escape, abstain or desist from, get rid of (abl.) ib.; to fall back, rebound R.; to leave off
(%{sAmi}, in the midst or when anything is half finished S3Br.), cease, end, disappear,
vanish TS. S3Br. Up. &c.; to be withheld from, not belong to (abl.); to be omitted, not to
occur La1t2y. Mn. MBh.; to be ineffective or useless MBh. Katha1s.; to be wanting, not to
exist (%{yato@vAco@nivartante}, for which there are no words) TUp.; to pass over to
(loc.) MBh.; to be turned upon (loc. or %{tatra}) ib.: Caus. %{-vartayati}, %{-te} (A1. Pot.

%{-vartayIta} A1s3vS3r.; Pass. %{-vartyate} Ragh.), to turn downwards, let sink (the
head) TBr.; to turn back i.e. shorten (the hair) Br.; to lead or bring back, reconduct,
return AV. &c. &c.; to turn away, avert or keep back from (abl.) MBh. Ka1v. &c.; to give
up, abandon, suppress, withhold, refuse, deny; to annul, remove, destroy Mn. MBh.
Ka1v. Pur.; to bring to an end i.e. perform, accomplish (a sacrifice &c.) R. BhP.; to
procure, bestow Hariv. Ma1rkP.; to desist from (abl.) MBh. R.\\ w.r. for %{ni-cRt}.\\
(L.),
nivrita * = (%{ni4-}) mfn. held back, withheld RV. [560,1]; surrounded, enclosed L.; m.
or f. or n. (= %{ni-vIta}) a veil, mantle, wrapper L.; n. = next L.
nivriti * = f. covering, enclosing L\\(HParis3.) f. an inhabited country, a realm.
nivritta * = mfn. (often w.r. for %{nir-vRtta}, %{vi-vRtta}, %{ni-vRta}) turned back,
returned to (acc.) MBh.; rebounded from (abl.) R.; retreated, fled (in battle) MBh.; set
(as the sun) R.; averted from, indifferent to, having renounced or given up (abl. or
comp.) MBh. Ka1v. &c.; abstracted from this world, quiet BhP. Hcat.; rid or deprived of
(abl.) MBh. R.; passed away, gone, ceased, disappeared, vanished ib.; (with %{karman}
n. an action) causing a cessation (of mundane existence) Mn. xii, 88 (opp. to %
{pravRtta}); ceased to be valid or binding (as a rule) Pat. Ka1s3.; omitted, left out (cf.
comp. below); finished, completed W.; desisting from or repenting of any improper
conduct ib.; n. return (see %{durniv-}); %{-kAraNa} mfn. without further cause or
motive; m. a virtuous man, one uninfluenced by worldly desires W. [560,2]; %{-kRSigorakSa} mfn. ceasing from agriculture and the tending of cattle MBh.; %{-dakSiNA4} f.
a gift renounced or despised by another S3Br.; %{-deva-kArya} mfn. ceasing from
sacrificial rites MW.; %{-mAMsa} mfn. one who abstains from eating meat Uttarar.; %{yajJa-svA7dhyAya} mfn. ceasing from sacrifices and the repetition of prayers MBh.; %{-

yauvana} mfn. whose youth has returned, restored to yyouth Ragh.; %{-rAga} mfn. of
subdued appetites or passions W.; %{-laulya} mfn. whose desire is averted from, not
desirous of (comp.) Ragh.; %{-vRtti} mfn. ceasing from any practice or occupation W.;
%{-zatru} m. `" having one's foes kept off "'N. of a king Hariv.; %{-saMtApa} mfn. one
whose heat or pain has ceased Sus3r.; %{-hRdaya} mfn. with relenting heart MBh.; one
whose heart is averted from or indifferent to (%{prati}) Ma1lav. ii, 14; %{-ttA7tman} m.
`" one whose spirit is abstracted "', a sage W.; N. of Vishn2u ib.; %{-tte7ndriya} mfn. one
whose senses or desires are averted from (comp.) Ragh.
nivritti * = f. (often w.r. for %{nir-v-}) returning, return, MlBh. Ragh.; ceasing,
cessation, disappearance S3rS. Up. MBh. &c.; leaving off, abstaining or desisting from
(abl.) Mn. MBh. Bhartr2. &c.; escaping from (abl.) Pan5c. ii, 87 (w.r. %{-ttaH}); ceasing
from worldly acts, inactivity, rest, repose (opp. to %{pra-vRtti}) Bhag. Prab.; (in dram.)
citation of an example Sa1h.; suspension, ceasing to be valid (as of a rule) Pa1n2. Sch.;
destruction, perdition Ra1matUp.; denial, refusal W.; abolition, prevention ib.
niyaama * = m. = {niyama} Pn. 3-3, 63; a sailor, boatman (cf. next and {nir-yAma})
niyaamaka mf(%{ikA})n. restraining, checking, subduing, controlling, governing MBh.
Ka1m. Sarvad. ; restrictive, limiting, defining (%{-tA} f. %{-tva} n.) BhP. Sarvad. ; m. a
guide or ruler Sarvad. ; a charioteer L. ; a sailor or boatman L.
4 niyamana mfn. subduing, taming, overpowering Hariv. ; n. the act of subduing &c.
MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; restriction, limitation, definition Ra1jat. Kpr. Sa1h. ; precept, fixed
practice or rule W. ; coercion, humiliation MW.
niyantaa = controller

niyantraNa = (n) control

niyantrayati = (10 pp) to control
niyam * P. {-yacchati}, to stop (trans.), hold back, detain with (loc.) [552, 1]; (.) to stop
(intrans.), stay, remain RV.; to keep back, refuse; (.) to fail, be wanting ib.; to fasten, tie
to (loc.), bind up (hair &c.) ib. &c. &c.; to hold over, extend ({zarma}) AV.; to hold
downwards (the hand) TS.; to bring near, procure, bestow, grant, offer, present (rain,
gifts &c.) RV. AV. Br. &c.; to hold in, keep down, restrain, control, govern, regulate (as
breath, the voice, the organs of sense &c.) Mn. MBh. &c.; to suppress or conceal (one's
nature) Mn. x, 59; to destroy, annihilate (opp. to {sRj}) BhP.; to restrict (food &c.; cf.
below); to fix upon, settle, determine, establish Sarvad. Kaths. BhP. Ks'. on Pn. 2-3,
66; (in gram.) to lower, pronounce low i.e. with the Anudtta RPrt.: Caus. {-yamayati},
to restrain, curb, check, suppress, restrict MBh. Kv. &c.
niyama = self-purification through discipline * = m. restraining, checking, holding back,
preventing, controlling Mn. MBh. &c.; keeping down, lowering (as the voice) RPrt.;
limitation, restriction ({ena} ind. with restrictions i.e. under certain conditions Car.);
reduction or restriction to (with loc. or {prati}), determination, definition GriS'rS. Prt.
MBh. Rjat.; any fixed rule or law, necessity, obligation ({ena} and {At} ind. as a rule,
necessarily, invariably, surely) Var. R. Sus'r. &c.; agreement, contract, promise, vow R.
Kaths.; any act of voluntary penance or meritorious piety (esp. a lesser vow or minor
observance dependent on external conditions and not so obligatory as {yama} q.v.) Tr.
Mn. MBh. Kv. &c.; a partic. process applied to minerals (esp. to quicksilver w.r. {yAma}) Cat.; (in rhet.) a common-place, any conventional expression or usual
comparison; (in Mm. phil.) a rule or precept (laying down or specifying something
otherwise optional); restraint of the mind (the 2nd of the 8 steps of meditation in Yoga);

performing five positive duties MWB. 239; N. of Vishnu MBh.; Necessity or Law
personified as a son of Dharma and Dhriiti Pur.; {-dharma} m. a law prescribing
restraints Mn. ii, 3; {-niSThA} f. rigid observance of prescribed rites MW.; {-pattra} n. a
written agreement or stipulation ib. [552, 2]; {-para} mfn. observing fixed rules; relating
to or corroborative of a rule W.; {-pAla} m. `" observer of vows "'N. of a sage (from
whom the Nepalese derive the N. Nepl); {-bhaGga} m. breach of a stipulation or
contract MW.; {-laGghana} n. trangression of a fixed rule or obligation, Kp.; {-vat}
mfn. practising religious observances MBh.; ({I}) f. a woman in her monthly courses
Sus'r.; {-sthiti} f. state of selfrestraint, ascetism L.; {-hetu} m. a regulating cause
Sarvad.; {-yamA7nanda} m. another N. of Nimba7rka Cat.; {-yamo7pamA} f. a simile
which expressly states that something can be compared only with something else Kv. ii,
19.
niyamaadeva = control alone(niyamAt.h eva)
niyamaM = regulations
niyamya = regulating
niyamya * = ind. having restrained or checked or bound &c. MBh. R. &c. 2.
niyamya * = mfn. to be restrained &c. ib.; to be (or being) limited or restricted or defined
S'ank.
niyata = Discipline
niyataM = always

niyatamanasaH = with a regulated mind

niyatasya = prescribed
niyataaH = controlled
niyataatmabhiH = by the self-controlled
niyata * {ni4-}) mfn. held back or in, fastened, tied to (loc.) RV.; put together (hands) R.;
restrained, checked, curbed, suppressed, restricted, controlled Mn. MBh. &c.; limited in
number Ratna7v. iii, 3; connected with, dependent on (loc.) Mn. iv, 256; contained or
joined in (loc.) R. iii, 70, 5; disciplined, self-governed, abstemious, temperate; constant,
steady, quite concentrated upon or devoted to (loc.) MBh. Kv. &c.; fixed, established,
settled, sure, regular, invariable, positive, definite GriS'rS. Mn. MBh. &c.; customary,
usual (cf. {a-n-} MBh. iii, 15416); (in gram.) pronounced with the Anudtta RPrt.; m. N.
of the Sandhi of {As} before sonants ib.; ({am}) ind. always, constantly, decidedly,
inevitably, surely; n. pl. (in Snkhya) the organs of sense; {-kAla} mfn. limited in time,
temporary Ks'. on Pn. 1-4, 44; {-bhojana} mfn. abstemious in food, temperate R.; {mAnasa} mfn. of subdued mind or spirit W.; {-maithuna} mfn. abstaining from
cohabitation R.; {-vAc} mfn. limited as to the use of words Nir. i, 15; {-vibhaktika} mfn.
limited as to case, standing always in the same case Pn. 1-2, 44 Sch.; {-viSayavartin}
mfn. steadily abiding in one's own sphere MW.; {-vrata} mfn. constant in the observance
of vows, regular in observances, pious, religious MBh.; {-yatA7Jjali} mfn. putting the
joined hands to the forehead R.; {-yatA7tman} mfn. self-controlled, selfrestrained Mn.
R.; {-yatA7nupUrvya} mfn. limited as to the order of words Nir. i, 15; {-yatA7pti} f. (in
dram.) sure expectation of attaining an object by overcoming a partic. obstacle Sh.; {yatA7zin} mfn. = {-ta-bhojana} Yj.; {-yatA7hAra} mfn. id. Mn. ({zva-mAMsa-n-},

eating only dog's flesh R.); {-yate7ndriya} mfn. having the passions subdued or
restrained Mn. MBh. &c.
niyojaya = (verbal stem) make ready
niyojayasi = You are engaging
niyojitaH = engaged
niyokshyati = will engage
niyuj *= P. A1. %{-yunakti} , %{-yuGkte} , to bind on , tie or fasten to (loc.) AV. S3Br.
MBh. &c. ; (with %{dhuri}) to tie to the pole of a carriage i.e. yoke , harness R. ; (met.) to
place in front i.e. employ in the hardest work ib. (also %{guru-dhUrSu} MBh.) ; to join ,
put together (esp. the hands in a certain position ; cf. %{kapota}) Sch. on S3ak. ; to
attach to i.e. make dependent on (dat. or loc.) AV. S3Br. ; to enjoin , order , command ,
coerce , impel , appoint , instal (double acc.) , trust or charge with , direct or commission
or authorize to (loc. dat. , %{artham} ifc. , or infin.) Mn. MBh. &c. ; to confer or intrust
anything (acc.) upon or to (loc.) R. BhP. ; to place at , put in the way (with loc.) MBh. ; to
direct towards , fix (mind or eyes upon , with loc.) ib. ; to use , employ Gr2S.: Caus. %{yojayati} , to harness (horses &c.) , put or tie to (loc.) Pan5c. Hit. ; to set or lay (a trap or
snare &c.) Hit. ; to enjoin , urge , impel , coerce , appoint or instal as (double acc.) ,
appoint to (loc.) , direct or compel or request or command to (dat. loc. acc. with %{prati}
, or %{artham} ifc.) ; commit or intrust anything (acc.) to (loc.) Mn. MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; to
put in any place or state (loc.) ib. ; to confer or bestow upon (loc.) Ka1v. Pan5c. Pur. ; to
use , employ (reason &c.) Pan5c. i , 413 [552,3] ; to accomplish , perform (a rite) Mn. iii ,
204 ; to endow or furnish with , cause to partake of (instr.) Var. Ka1v. Pan5c.

niyukta * = mfn. bound on , bound , chained , fettered AitBr. ; tied or fastened or

attached or directed to , put or placed or fixed on (loc.) MBh. R. &c. ; appointed ,
directed , ordered , commissioned , charged , intrusted (loc. ; dat. ; %{artham} ifc. ; inf.
or comp.) Mn. MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; used or employed for (loc.) Mn. v , 16 ; prescribed , fixed
, settled ; (%{am}) ind. by all means , necessarily Pa1n2. 4-4 , 66 ; m. a functionary ,
official Hit.
niyuktaka * = mfn. appointed , elected , placed in authority L.
niyukti * = f. injunction , order , command , charge , office Kull.
niyuta *= (%{ni4-}) mfn. fixed, fastened RV. i, 121, 3 ; m. or n. a very high number,
generally a million Br. Pur.
no = nor
nri = man
nrityati = (6 pp) to dance
nripa = (m) king
nripatva = The title of king
nriloke = in this material world
nrisha.nsa = wicked

nrishaa mfn. ( %{san}) procuring men ib. (cf. Pa1n2. 3-2, 67).
nrishaac * = mfn. favouring or befriending men RV.
nrishad * = mfn. sitting or dwelling among men RV. VS. AitBr.; m. N. of the father of
Kan2va RV.; (prob. f.) = %{buddhi} BhP.
nrishadana * = n. assemblage or residence of men RV.
nrishaDgu * = m. N. of a R2ishi R. (v.l. %{ruzaGgu}).
nrishadman * = (SV.),
nrishadvan * = (RV.),
nrishadvara * = (AitBr.; but cf. %{ni-Sadvara4} under %{ni-Sad}) mfn. sitting or
dwelling among men.
nrishaah * = mfn. overcoming men RV.
nrishaahya * = mfn. overpowering men ib.; n. the overpowering of men ib.
nrishaati * = f. the capturing or procuring of men ib.
nris'aMsa * = (%{nR4-}) m. N. of a god RV. ix, 81, 5 (cf. %{narA-s-} under %{nara}) ;
mf(%{A})n. injuring men, mischievous, noxious, cruel, base RV. &c. &c. ; %{-kArin} or
%{-kRt} mfn. acting cruelly, mischievous MBh. ; %{-tA} f. mischievousness, baseness

Katha1s. Ra1jat. ; %{-vat} mfn. malicious, vile MBh. ; %{-varNa} or %{-vAdin} mfn.
using low speech ib. ; %{-vRtta} mfn. practising mischief. W. ; %{-sita} n. = %{-satA}
BhP. ; %{-sya} mf(%{A})n. malicious, mischievous, vile MBh. ; n. = %{-sita} ib.
nris'astra * = mfn. praised by men TBr. (Comm.)
nrishhu = in men
nu = of course* = 1 (in RV. also {nU4}; esp. at the beginning of a verse, where often =
{nu4} + {u}), ind. now, still, just, at once; so now, now then RV. AV. Br. Up.; indeed,
certainly, surely RV. &c. &c.; cf. Pn. 3-2, 121 Sch. (often connected with other particles,
esp. with negatives e.g. {nahi4 nu4}, `" by no means "', {na4kir nu4}, no one or nothing
at all "', {mA4 nu4}, `" in order that surely not "' [567, 2]; often also {gha nu}, {ha nu},
{in nu}, {nu kam} &c. [{nU4 cit}, either `" for ever, evermore; at once, forthwith "' or,
never, never more; so also {nU} alone RV. vii, 100, 1]; with relat. = -cunque or -soever;
sometimes it lays stress upon a preceding word, esp. an interr. pronoun or particle, and
is then often connected with {khalu} RV. &c. &c.; it is also employed in questions, esp. in
sentences of two or more clauses [cf. Pn. 8-2, 98 Ks'.] where {nu} is either always
repeated [S'ak. vi, 9] or omitted in the first place [ib. i, 8] or in the second place and
further replaced by {svid}, {yadi vA} &c., and strengthened by {vA}, {atha vA} &c.) [Cf. 1.
{na4va}, {nU4tana}, {nUna4m}; Zd. {n}; Gk. &174536[567, 2] $; Lat. {nun-c}; Germ.
{nu}, {nun}; Angl.Sax. {nu}, {n}; Eng. {now}.]
nu * = 2 m. a weapon L.; time L. * = 3 cl. 1. . {navate} ({nauti} with {apa}), to go Naigh.
ii, 14: Caus. {nAvayati}, to move from the place, remove ShadvBr. * = 4 or {nU} cl. 2. 6.
P. (Dht. xxiv, 26; xxviii, 104) {nauti}, {nuvati}, (pres. also {na4vate}, {-ti} RV. &c.; p. P.
{nuva4t}, {na4vat} . {na4vamAna} RV.; pf. {nunAva} Kv.; aor. {a4nUnot}, {a4nUSi},

{-Sata}, {anaviSTa} RV.; {anauSit}, {anAvit}, {anuvIt} Gr.; fut. {naviSyati}, {nuv-};
{navitA}, {nuv-} ib.; ind. p. {-nutya}, {-nAvam} Br.; inf. {lavitum} v.l. {nuv-} Bhathth.),
to sound, shout, exult; praise, commend RV. &c. &c.: Pass. {nUyate} MBh. &c.: Caus.
{nAvayati} aor. {anUnavat} Gr.: Desid. {nunUSati} ib.; Desid. of Caus. {nunAvayiSati}
ib.: Intens. {no4navIti}, {nonumas} (impf. {anonavur} Subj. {na4vInot}; pf. {no4nAva},
{nonuvur} RV.; {nonUyate}, {nonoti} Gr.), to sound loudly, roar, thunder RV. * = 5 m.
praise, eulogium L. * = 6 Caus. {nAvayati}, to cause to be drawn into the nose Car. (cf. 3
{nava}). * = 7 (ifc.) = {nau}, a ship BhP.
nuda * = mfn. pushing, impelling, driving away, removing Up. MBh. Ka1v. &c. (ifc. or
with acc.)
nunna = nutta = *nutta pushed or driven away AV.; despatched, sent, ordered W.; m. N.
of a plant ib
nuta = praised
nuunaM = (really) *=, otherwise; ind. now, at present, just, immediately, at once; for the
future; now then, therefore; (esp. in later lang.) certainly, assuredly, indeed, when
indeed?, where indeed?
nuutana *= mf(%{A})n. (fr. 1. %{nu4}, or %{nU4}), belonging to `" now "' or the present
day, new, novel, recent, modern, young, fresh (opp. to %{pUrva}, %{purANa} &c.) RV.
&c. &c. ; (with %{vayas} n. youth, juvenility Hcar.) ; new i.e. curious, strange Ba1lar. vii,
69 Hit. ii, 168/169.
nyaasa *= m. putting down or in, placing, fixing, inserting, applying, impressing,

drawing, painting, writing down MBh. Kv. &c. (cf. {akSara-}, {khura-}, {caraNa-},
{nakha-}, {pada-}., {pAda-}., {bIja-}, {rekhA-}); putting away, taking off, laying aside
MBh. Hariv. Das'. BhP. (cf. {deha-}, {zarIra-}, {zastra-}); abandoning, resigning Up.
Bhag. BhP.; depositing, intrusting, delivering; any deposit or pledge Mn. Yj. MBh. &c.;
written or literal text (cf. {yathA-nyAsam}) Pat.; lowering (the voice) RPrt.; (in music)
the final tone; bringing forward, introducing (cf. {arthA7ntara}.); consigning or
intrusting anything to the mind W.; mental appropriation or assignment of various parts
of the body to tutelary deities RTL. 205 &c.; N. of sev. wks., (esp.) of a Comm. on Ks'.;
{-kAra} or {-kRt} m. the author of the Comm. on Ks'. called Nysa i.e. Jine7ndrabuddhi; {-khaNDa} m. or n. {-khaNDana} n. {-tilaka} m. or n. {-tUlikA} f. {-dazaka} n.
N. of wks. [572, 2]; {-dhAraka} or {-rin} m. the holder of a deposit Mn.; {-prakaraNa} n.
N. of wk.; {-bhUta} mfn. being (or that which is) a deposit MBh.; {-lopa} m. wasting a
ddeposit ib.; {-viMzati} f. {-vidyA-darpaNa} m. {-vidyA-vilAsa} m. {-vidhAna} n. {vizeSa} m. {-zataka} n. N. of wks.; {-hara} m. robber of a deposit BhP.; {-sA7dezavivaraNa} n. N. of wk.; {-sA7pahnava} m. repudiation of a ddeposit MW.; {-so7ddyota}
m. N. of wk.
nyaasad *= P. {-sIdati} (pf. {-sasAda} ind. p. {-sadya}), to sit down near or in or upon
(loc. or acc.) RV.
nyaasin *= mfn. one who has abandoned all worldly concerns ib.
nyaaya = justice * m. (fr. 4. {ni}) that into which a thing goes back i.e. an original type,
standard, method, rule, (esp.) a general or universal rule, model, axiom, system, plan,
manner, right or fit manner or way, fitness, propriety TS. Br. Mn. MBh. &c. ({nyAyena}
and {-yAt} ind. either `" in the right manner, regularly, duly "', or ifc. `" after the
manner of, by way of "'); a lawsuit, legal proceeding, judicial sentence, judgment

Mriicch. Pac.; a logical or syllogistic argument or inference (consisting of a

combination of enthymeme and syllogism, and so having, according to the Naiyyikas 5
members, viz. {pratijJA}, {hetu}, {udAharaNa}, {upanaya}, {nigamana}, or according to
the Vedntins 3 members); a system of philosophy delivered by Gotama or Gautama (it
is one of the six {darzanas} q.v., and is perhaps so called, because it `" goes into "' all
subjects physical and metaphysical according to the above syllogistic method treated of
in one division of the system; its branch is called Vais'eshika); likeness, analogy, a
popular maxim or apposite illustration (cf. {kAkA7kSi-}, {ghuNA7kSara-},
{daNDA7pUpa}. &c.); ({am}) ind. after a finite verb expresses either censure or
repetition Pn. 8-1, 27.
nyaayika* = n. logic
nyas *= P. {-asyati}, or {-asati}, to throw or cast or lay or put down (with loc. e.g.
{bhuvi}, on the earth) AV. &c. &c.; to take off MBh. R.; to give up, resign (as life) R.; to
set in the ground, plant ({prarohAn}, shoots) Blar.; (with loc.) to throw or hurl upon,
pour or shed on or in, put or place or fix or insert in, turn or direct to, deposit with,
intrust or commit to; to settle arrange MBh. Kv. &c. (with {citre}, `" to place in a
picture "', paint, depict; with {zirasi}, to place on the head "', receive with reverence; with
{manasi}, to call to mind "', reflect, ponder; with {pathi}, `" to lay on the road "', give
up); to bring forward, mention Mall.: Caus. (pf. {nyAsayAm Asa} or {-sayAM cakre}) to
cause to put or lay down MBh.
nyasta *= mfn. thrown or cast or laid down, put, placed, fixed, inserted, applied,
deposited, committed ; given up, resigned Mn. MBh. Ka1v. ; stretched out, lying R. ;
exposed (%{krayAya}, for sale) L. ; mystically touched, Ma1latim. v, 2 ; put on, donned
ib. 22 ; having the low tone (as a vowel) RPra1t. ; short S3rutab. ; %{-cihna} mf(%{A})n.

one who has relinquished one's marks or characteristics, destitute of external signs
Ragh. ii, 7 ; %{-daNDa} mfn. `" one who has laid down the rod "', meek, harmless R. ; %
{-deha} mfn. `" one who has laid down the body "', dead ib. ; %{-zastra} mfn. `" one who
has laid down the weapons, averse from strife, peaceful Mn. iii, 192 ; m. the Pitr2is or
deified progenitors L. ; %{-vAda} mfn. one who has ceased to speak, ceasing to speak
about (%{prati}) Hariv. ; %{-tA7rtvijya} mfn. where the R2itvij have laid down their
office S3a1n3khS3r.
nyaya* = m. (fr. 4. {nI7}) going off, destruction, loss, waste Pn. 3-3, 37 Sch. L.
H3) ny- aasita [p= 572,2] [L=112793]
nyaasita * = mfn. (fr. Caus.) caused to lay or put down.
nyaayalayaH = (m) court
nyaayavaadii = (m) lawyer
nyaayaadhishaH = (m) judge
nyaayyaM = right
nyaasaM = renunciation
nyarbuda * = n. one hundred millions AV. &c.
nyas * = P. {-asyati}, or {-asati}, to throw or cast or lay or put down (with loc. e.g.
{bhuvi}, on the earth) AV. &c. &c.; to take off MBh. R.; to give up, resign (as life) R.; to

set in the ground, plant ({prarohAn}, shoots) Blar.; (with loc.) to throw or hurl upon,
pour or shed on or in, put or place or fix or insert in, turn or direct to, deposit with,
intrust or commit to; to settle arrange MBh. Kv. &c. (with {citre}, `" to place in a
picture "', paint, depict; with {zirasi}, to place on the head "', receive with reverence; with
{manasi}, to call to mind "', reflect, ponder; with {pathi}, `" to lay on the road "', give
up); to bring forward, mention Mall.: Caus. (pf. {nyAsayAm Asa} or {-sayAM cakre}) to
cause to put or lay down MBh.
nyasta *= mfn. thrown or cast or laid down, put, placed, fixed, inserted, applied,
deposited, committed ; given up, resigned Mn. MBh. Ka1v. ; stretched out, lying R. ;
exposed (%{krayAya}, for sale) L. ; mystically touched, Ma1latim. v, 2 ; put on, donned
ib. 22 ; having the low tone (as a vowel) RPra1t. ; short S3rutab. ; %{-cihna} mf(%{A})n.
one who has relinquished one's marks or characteristics, destitute of external signs
Ragh. ii, 7 ; %{-daNDa} mfn. `" one who has laid down the rod "', meek, harmless R. ; %
{-deha} mfn. `" one who has laid down the body "', dead ib. ; %{-zastra} mfn. `" one who
has laid down the weapons, averse from strife, peaceful Mn. iii, 192 ; m. the Pitr2is or
deified progenitors L. ; %{-vAda} mfn. one who has ceased to speak, ceasing to speak
about (%{prati}) Hariv. ; %{-tA7rtvijya} mfn. where the R2itvij have laid down their
office S3a1n3khS3r.
nyush *= P. %{-oSati} (Impv. %{-oSatAt}) , to burn down , consume or destroy utterly
O
ogha* = m. (ifc. f. {A}); ({vah}) flood, stream, rapid flow of water MBh. Megh. S'ak. &c.;
heap or quantity, flock, multitude, abundance MBh. BhP. Kaths. &c.; quick time (in
music) L.; uninterrupted tradition L.; instruction L. (cf. {augha}.)

om * (see also AUM and pranava) = ind. (%{av} Un2. i, 141; originally %{oM} = %{AM},
which may be derived from %{A} BRD.), a word of solemn affirmation and respectful
assent, sometimes translated by `" yes, verily, so be it "' (and in this sense compared with
Amen; it is placed at the commencement of most Hindu1 works, and as a sacred
exclamation may be uttered [but not so as to be heard by ears profane] at the beginning
and end of a reading of the Vedas or previously to any prayer; it is also regarded as a
particle of auspicious salutation [Hail!]; %{om} appears first in the Upanishads as a
mystic monosyllable, and is there set forth as the object of profound religious meditation,
the highest spiritual efficacy being attributed not only to the whole word but also to the
three sounds %{a}, %{u}, %{m}, of which it consists; in later times %{om} is the mystic
name for the Hindu1 triad, and represents the union of the three gods, viz. a (Vishn2u),
%{u} (S3iva), %{m} (Brahma1); it may also be typical of the three Vedas; %{om} is
usually called %{praNava}, more rarely %{akSara}, or %{ekAkSara}, and only in later
times %{oMkAra}) VS. S3Br. ChUp. &c.; (Buddhists place %{om} at the beginning of
their %{vidyA@SaDakSarI} or mystical formulary in six syllables [viz. %
{om@maNi@padme@hUM}]; according to T. %{om} may be used in the following
senses: %{praNave}, %{Arambhe}, %{svIkAre}, %{anumatau}, %{apA7kRtau}, %
{asvIkAre}, %{maGgale}, %{zubhe}, %{jJeye}, %{brahmaNi}; with preceding %{a} or %
{A}, the %{o} of %{om} does not form Vr2iddhi (%{au}), but Gun2a (%{o}) Pa1n2. 6-1,
95.)
omkaara * = (%{oM-k-}) m. the sacred and mystical syllable %{om}, the exclamation %
{om}, pronouncing the syllable %{om} Mn. ii, 75; 81 Katha1s. Bhag. &c., (cf. %
{vijayoMkAra}, %{kRtoMkAra}) [236,1]; a beginning, prosperous or auspicious
beginning of (e.g. a science) Ba1lar.; N. of a Lin3ga; (%{A}) f. a Buddhist S3akti or
female personification of divine energy L.; %{-grantha} m. N. of wk. of Na1ra1yan2a; %{tIrtha} n. N. of a Ti1rtha; %{-pITha} n. N. of a place; %{-bhaTTa} m. N. of a man.

onkaraasana = the OM posture

ojasa = concentrated psychic power
ojasaa = by My energy
oja* = mfn. odd (as the first, third, fifth, &c. in a series) RPrt. Sryas. VarBriS.; m. N.
of a son of Kriishna BhP.; = {o4jas} L.
o4jas* = {as} n. ({vaj}, or {uj}; cf. {ugra}), bodily strength, vigour, energy, ability, power
RV. AV. TS. AitBr. MBh. &c.; vitality (the principle of vital warmth and action
throughout the body) Sus'r. &c.; (in rhet.) elaborate style (abounding with compounds);
vigorous or emphatic expression Sh. Vm.; water L.; light, splendour, lustre L.;
manifestation, appearance L.; support L.; ({As}) m. N. of a Yaksha BhP.; [cf. Zd.
{avjanh}, `" power "'; Gk. $, $, $; Lat. {vige1re}, {augere}, {augur}, &73513[235, 2]
{augus-tus}, {auxilium}; Goth. {aukan}, Eng. {eke}.]
o4jastara* = mfn. = {o4jIyas} Comm. on BrirUp.
ojasvat* = mfn. vigorous, powerful, strong, energetic RV. viii, 76, 5 AV. viii, 5, 4; 16 VS.
ojasvin* = mfn. id. TS. S'Br. MBh. &c.; ({I}) m. N. of a son of Manu Bhautya VP.
({ojasvi}) {-tA} f. an energetic or emphatic manner of expression or style Sh.
ojasIna* = mfn. having strength, powerful TS. iv Pn.
ojasya* = mfn. vigorous, powerful MaitrS. ii Pn.

ojAya* = Nom. . {ojAyate} (p. {ojAya4mAna}) to exhibit strength or energy, make effort
RV. i, 140, 6; ii, 12, 11; iii, 32, 11 Pat. on Pn. 3-1, 11 Bhathth.
ojAyita* = n. stout-heartedness, courageous behaviour.
oka* = m. (%{uc} Comm. on Un2. iv, 215), a house, refuge, asylum (cf. %{an-okazAyin}); a bird L.; = %{vRSala} T.; conjunction of heavenly bodies L.
oshadhi * = f. (etym. doubtful ; probably fr. %{oSa} above, `" light-containing "' see
S3Br. ii, 2, 4, 5 Nir. ix, 27) a herb, plant, simple, esp. any medicinal herb RV. AV. S3Br.
MBh. &c. ; an annual plant or herb (which dies after becoming ripe) Mn. i, 46, &c. Sus3r.
i, 4, 16 ; 18 Ya1jn5. &c. ; a remedy in general Sus3r. i, 4, 15.
oshhati = (1 pp) to burn
ostha * = lip. mouth
okasa= inhabitant
om * = ind. (%{av} Un2. i, 141; originally %{oM} = %{AM}, which may be derived from
%{A} BRD.), a word of solemn affirmation and respectful assent, sometimes translated
by `" yes, verily, so be it "' (and in this sense compared with Amen; it is placed at the
commencement of most Hindu1 works, and as a sacred exclamation may be uttered [but
not so as to be heard by ears profane] at the beginning and end of a reading of the Vedas
or previously to any prayer; it is also regarded as a particle of auspicious salutation
[Hail!]; %{om} appears first in the Upanishads as a mystic monosyllable, and is there set
forth as the object of profound religious meditation, the highest spiritual efficacy being
attributed not only to the whole word but also to the three sounds %{a}, %{u}, %{m}, of

which it consists; in later times %{om} is the mystic name for the Hindu1 triad, and
represents the union of the three gods, viz. a (Vishn2u), %{u} (S3iva), %{m} (Brahma1);
it may also be typical of the three Vedas; %{om} is usually called %{praNava}, more
rarely %{akSara}, or %{ekAkSara}, and only in later times %{oMkAra}) VS. S3Br. ChUp.
&c.; (Buddhists place %{om} at the beginning of their %{vidyA@SaDakSarI} or mystical
formulary in six syllables [viz. %{om@maNi@padme@hUM}]; according to T. %{om}
may be used in the following senses: %{praNave}, %{Arambhe}, %{svIkAre}, %
{anumatau}, %{apA7kRtau}, %{asvIkAre}, %{maGgale}, %{zubhe}, %{jJeye}, %
{brahmaNi}; with preceding %{a} or %{A}, the %{o} of %{om} does not form Vr2iddhi
(%{au}), but Gun2a (%{o}) Pa1n2. 6-1, 95.)
ota *= (%{A-uta}) mfn. interwoven BhP. Mun2d2Up.\\1 (for 2. see col. 3) mfn.
addressed , invoked , summoned AV.\\2 (for 1. see 4. %{o7}) p.p. of %{A-ve} , p. 156 ,
col. 2.
otaprota *= mfn. sewn lengthwise and crosswise MBh. v , 1789.

paa = to bless
paada = foot * = m. (ifc. f. {A}, rarely {I}) the foot (of men and animals) RV. &c. &c. (the
pl. sometimes added to proper names or titles in token of respect e.g. {deva-pAdAH}, `"
the king's majesty "' Pac. [617, 2]; {nArAyaNap-}, `" the venerable NNryana "' Sh.;

{pAdaiH} ind. on foot [said of several persons]. R.; {-dayoH} and {-de-pat}, to fall at a
persos [gen.] feet Kv. Hit); the foot or leg of an inanimate object, column, pillar AV.
S'Br. MBh. &c.; a wheel S'is'. xii, 21; a foot as a measure (= 12 Angulas) S'Br. S'rS.
MrkP.; the foot or root of a tree Var.; the foot or a hill at the ffoot of a mountain MBh.
Kv. &c.; the bottom ({dRteh pAdAt}, `" from the bbottom of a bag "' v.l. {pAtrAt})
MBh. v, 1047; a ray or beam of light (considered as the ffoot of a heavenly body) ib.; a
quarter, a fourth Part (the ffourth of a quadruped being one out of 4) S'Br. Mn. MBh.
&c. (pl. the 4 parts i. e. all things required for [gen.] Sus'r.); the quadrant (of a circle)
ryabh. Sch.; a verse or line (as the fourth part of a regular stanza) Br. S'rS. Prt. &c.;
the caesura of a verse AgP., the chapter of a book (orig. only of a book or section of a
bbook consisting of 4 parts, as the Adhyyas of Pnini's grammar).
paadaM = and legs
paadatraaNam.h = (n) shoes
paadahastaasana = the balancing forward bend posture
paadaaMshukam.h = (n) pyjama
paadaangushhTha = the big toe
paadaasana = the foot above posture
paadau = feet
paahi = protect

paaJNchajanyaM = the conchshell named Pancajanya

paaJNchaalikaa = (f) doll
paaka * = 1 mfn. (either fr. 1. {pA+ka}, `" drinking, sucking, or fr. 2. {pac}, `" ripening,
growing "') very young GriS.; simple, ignorant, inartificial, honest AV. TS. s'vS'r.; m.
the young of an animal (see {uluka-}, {kapata-}); a child, infant L.; N. of a Daitya slain
by Indra MBh. Pur. {-trA4} ind. in simplicity, in a simple or honest way RV.
paaka* = 2 m. (2. {pac}; ifc. f. {I}) cooking, baking, roasting, boiling (trans "' and
intrans.) S'rS. Mn. MBh. &c. [614, 1]; burning (of bricks, earthenware &c.) ib.; any
cooked or dressed food BhP.; digestion, assimilation of food Sus'r.; ripening, ripeness (of
fruit or of a boil) KtyS'r. Mn. Var. Sus'r.; inflammation, suppuration Sus'r.; an abscess,
ulcer ib.; ripening of the hair i.e. greyness, old age L.; maturity, full development (as of
the mind &c.), completion, perfection, excellence Hariv. Kv. &c.; development of
consequences, result (esp. of an act done in a former life) Var. Pac. MrkP.; any act
having consequences. BhP.; the domestic fire L.; a cooking utensil L.; general panic or
revolution in a country W. (in comp. 2. {pAka} is not always separable from 1. {pAka}).
paakashaalaa = (f) kitchen
paakSa* = mf(%{I})n. (fr. %{pakSa}) belonging to a half month; relating to a side or
party W.
paalaniiya = should be protected or observed
paalayati = (10 up) to protect

paala * = m. (ifc. f. {A}) a guard, protector, keeper R. Hariv.; a herdsman Mn. Gaut.
Yj. MBh.; protector of the earth, king. prince BhP.; (also n.) a spitting spittoon (as `"
recipient "' ?) L.; N. of a serpent-demon of the race of Vsuki MBh.; of a prince Cat.;
(with {bhatTa}) N. of an author ib.; ({I}) f. a herdsmas wife MBh. v, 3608; an oblong
pond (as `" receptacle "' of water?) Var. (cf. {pAli}).
paalaka* = guarding, protecting, nourishing, a guardian, protector; a foster-father; a
prince, ruler, sovereign; a world-protector
paacaala * = mf(%{I})n. relating or belonging to or ruling over the Pan5ca1las MBh. R.
&c.; m. a prince of the PPan5ca1las ib.; (with %{bAbhravya}) N. of an author Cat.; the
country of the PPan5ca1las L.; pl. the people of the PPan5ca1las MBh. Var. &c.; an
association of 5 guilds (carpenter, weaver, barber, washerman, and shoe-maker) L.; (%
{I}) f. see below; n. the language of the PPan5ca1las Cat.
paannaga * = mf({I})n. (fr. {panna-ga}) formed or consisting of snakes, having serpents,
snaky Hariv.
paa.nDityaM = punditry; expertise or scholarliness
paaNi = hands * = 1 m. a place of sale, shop, market W.\\ 2 m. (said to be fr. %{paN})
the hand RV. &c. &c. (often ifc. = holding in the hhand e.g. %{asi-p-}, holding a sword
in the, ssword in hhand ; %{pANiM-grah} or %{-Nau-kR}, to take the hhand of a
bride, marry ; %{-niMdA}, to give the hhand in marriage) ; a hoof. RV. ii, 31, 2 ; N. of
Sch. on the Das3a-rupaka Cat. [Orig %{palni} ; cf. Gk. $ ; Lat. {palma} ; Angl. Sax.
&188673[615,2] {folm} ; Germ. {fu10hlen} ; Eng. {feel}.]

paaNidharma * = m. form of marriage MBh.

paaNigata * = mfn. being in the hand or at hhand, ready, present Naish.
paaNDava = O son of Pandu
paaNDavaH = Arjuna (the son of Pandu)
paaNDavaaH = the sons of Pandu
paaNDavaanaaM = of the Pandavas
paaNDavaaniikaM = the soldiers of the Pandavas
paaNDitya = wisdom
paaNDuputraaNaaM = of the sons of Pandu
paana = drinking
paaNa *= 1 m. ( %{paN}) a stake at play MBh. (cf. %{paNa}) ; trade , traffic W. ; praise
W.\\ 5 2 m. = %{pANi} , the hand L.
paantha = traveller
paapa = Bad deed
paapaM = sin

paapakrittamaH = the greatest sinner

paapaghniiM = which kills the sins (the hymn)
paapajanya = adj. derived from sin, son of sin :-)
paapayonayaH = born of a lower family
paapavaasaniik.h = adj. desirous of sin
paapavaasaniik.h = (adj) desirous of sin
paapaaH = sinners
paapaacharaNaM = pApa+AcharaNa, sin-practising
paapaat.h = from sins
paapaatmanaaM = of the wicked people
paapaatmaa = wicked people, sinners
paapiiyaan.h = sinner
paapiiyas *= mfn. worse, worse off, lower, poorer, more or most wicked or miserable
TS. &c. &c.; m. a villain, rascal Mn. R. &c.; (with Buddhists) %{mAraH@pApIyAn}, the
evil spirit, the devil Lalit.

paapena = by sin
paapebhyaH = of sinners
paapeshhu = unto the sinners
paapaiH = sin
paapman *= m. evil , unhappiness , misfortune , calamity , crime , sin , wickedness AV.
&c. &c. ; evil demon , devil , Ja1ta1kam. ; mfn. hurtful , injurious , evil AV. AitBr.
paapmaanaM = the great symbol of sin
paara *= 1 mfn. (fr. %{pR}; in some meanings also fr. %{pRR}) bringing across RV. v,
31, 8; n. (rarely m.) the further bank or shore or boundary, any bank or shore, the
opposite side, the end or limit of anything, the utmost reach or fullest extent RV. &c. &c.
(%{dUre4@pAre4}, at the farthest ends RV.; %{pAraM-gam} &c. with gen. or loc., to
reach the end, go through, fulfil, carry out [as a promise], study or learn thoroughly [as a
science] MBh. R. &c.; %{paraM-nI}, to bring to a close, Yaljn5.); a kind of Tusht2i (s.v.),
Sa1m2khyas. Sch.; m. crossing (see %{duS-} and %{su-}); quicksilver L.; a partic.
personification Sa1mavBr. Gaut.; N. of a sage Ma1rkP.; of a son of Pr2ithu-shena
(Rucira7s3va) and father of Ni1pa Hariv.; of a sson of Samara and ffather of Pr2ithu
ib.; of a son of An3ga, and ffather of Divi-ratha VP.; (pl.) of a class of deities under the
9th Manu BhP.; (%{A}) f. N. of a river (said to flow from the Pa1riya1tra mountains or
the central and western portion of the Vindhya chain) MBh. Pur.; (%{I}) f. a milk-pail
S3is3.; any cup or drinking vessel Vcar. Ra1jat.; pollen L.; a rope for tying an elephant's
feet L.; a quantity of water or a town (%{pUra} or %{pura}) L.; a small piece or quantity

of anything Nalac.\\' 2 (for 1. see p. 619), Vr2iddhi form of %{para} in comp.\\3 m.= %
{pAla}, a guardian, keeper (see %{brahma-dvAra-p-}).
paarakya mfn. = %{parakIya}, belonging to another or a stranger, alien (opp. to %
{sva}), hostile Mn. MBh. &c.; m. an enemy Hit.
paaraM = limit; * = 1 mfn. (fr. {pR}; in some meanings also fr. {pRR}) bringing across
RV. v, 31, 8; n. (rarely m.) the further bank or shore or boundary, any bank or shore, the
opposite side, the end or limit of anything, the utmost reach or fullest extent RV. &c. &c.
({dUre4 pAre4}, at the farthest ends RV.; {pAraM-gam} &c. with gen. or loc., to reach
the end, go through, fulfil, carry out [as a promise], study or learn thoroughly [as a
science] MBh. R. &c.; {paraM-nI}, to bring to a close, Yalj.); a kind of Tushthi (s.v.),
Snkhyas. Sch.; m. crossing (see {duS-} and {su-}); quicksilver L.; a partic.
personification SmavBr. Gaut.; N. of a sage MrkP.; of a son of Priithu-shena
(Rucira7s'va) and father of Npa Hariv.; of a sson of Samara and ffather of Priithu ib.;
of a son of Anga, and ffather of Divi-ratha VP.; (pl.) of a class of deities under the 9th
Manu BhP.; ({A}) f. N. of a river (said to flow from the Priytra mountains or the
central and western portion of the Vindhya chain) MBh. Pur.; ({I}) f. a milk-pail S'is'.;
any cup or drinking vessel Vcar. Rjat.; pollen L.; a rope for tying an elephant's feet L.; a
quantity of water or a town ({pUra} or {pura}) L.; a small piece or quantity of anything
Nalac.\\* = 2 (for 1. see p. 619), Vriiddhi form of {para} in comp.\\* = 3 m.= {pAla}, a
guardian, keeper (see {brahma-dvAra-p-}).
paarameshthha * =m. (fr. {parame-SThin}) patr. of Narada MBh.; {-SThya} mfn.
relating or belonging to or coming from the supreme god (Brahm) MBh. Hariv. Pur.;
relating to a king, royal (cf. below); m. patr. of Nrada MBh. (v.l. {-STha}); n. highest
position, supremacy AitBr. MBh. Pur.; pl. the royal insignia BhP.

paaraMpaarika = traditional
paaradarshaka = (adj) transparent, clear
paarameshhTya = supreme rulership
paarata* = m. (cf. 2. {pArada}) quicksilver Kaths. xxxvii, 232; pl. N. of a people Var.
(also {-taka} v.l. in VP.)
paaraayaNa * = n. going over, reading through, perusing, studying, RPra1t A1past.;
(esp.) reading a Pura1n2a or causing it to be read W.; the whole, totality MBh. xiii, 2701
Pa1n2. 3-2, 130 Sch.; (esp.) complete text, ccausing collection of (cf. %{dkAtupperusing@nAma-p-}); N. of a gram. wk. (abridged fr. %{dhAtu-p-}); (%{I}) f. (L.)
action; meditation; light; N. of the goddess Sarasvati1; %{-Na-krama} m. %{-NamAhAtmya} n. %{-Navidhi} m. N. of wk.; %{-Nika} mfn. one who goes through or
studies Pa1n2. 5-i, 72; m. a lecturer, reader of the Pura1n2as W.; a pupil, scholar W.;
PlN. of a partic. school of grammarians Cat.; %{-NIya} n. N. of a grammar.
paarikha* =(fr. %{pari-khA}) g. %{palady-Adi}.
paarikheya* =mf(%{I})n. (fr. %{pari-kha}) surrounded by a ditch ib. v, 1, 17.
paarikhIya* =mfn. (fr. %{pArikha}) Pa1n2. 4-2, 141 Sch.
paarivettrya *= n. (%{-vettR}) the marriage of a younger brother before the elder VP.
paaroksha * = mf({I})n. (fr. {paro'kSa}) undiscernible, mysterious (v.l. for next) Bh

paars'va * = n. (rarely m. g. %{ardharcA7di}; ifc. f. %{A} fr. 1. %{parzu}) the region of

the ribs (pl. the ribs), side, flank (either of animate or inanimate objects) RV. &c. &c.; the
side = nearness, proximity (with gen. or ifc.; %{ayaH}, on both sides; %{am}, aside,
towards; %{e}, at the side, near [opp. to %{dura-tas}]; %{At}, away, from; by means of,
through) MBh. Ka1v. &c.; a curved knife S3Br.; a side of any square figure W.; the curve
or circumference of a wheel ib.; (only n.) a multitude of ribs, the thorax W. [622,2]; the
extremity of the fore-axle nearest the wheel to which the outside horses of a four-horse
chariot are attached L.; a fraudulent or crooked expedient L.; m. the side horse on a
chariot MBh.; N. of an ancient Buddhist teacher; (with Jainas) N. of the 23rd Arhat of
the present Ava-sarpin2i1 and of his servant; (du.) heaven and earth L.; mfn. near,
proximate (cf. comp. below).
paarshada m. (fr. %{parSad}) an associate, companion, attendant (esp. of a god),
RamatUp. MBh. Sus3r. (pl. attendance, retinue Hariv. BhP. Lalit.) ; a member of an
assembly, spectator Prasannar. ; n. a text-book received by any partic. grammatical
school (a N. given to the Pra1tis3a1khyas) Nir. i, 17 ; N. of wk.
paarshva\-dhanuraasana = the sideways bow posture
paarshva\-shirshhaasana = the headstand posture
paarshva\-sarvaangaasana = the sideways shoulderstand posture
paarshva\-halaasana = the lateral plough posture
paarshvaakakaasana = the sideways crow posture
paarshhNiH = (m) heel

paars'va * = n. (rarely m. g. {ardharcA7di}; ifc. f. {A} fr. 1. {parzu}) the region of the ribs
(pl. the ribs), side, flank (either of animate or inanimate objects) RV. &c. &c.; the side =
nearness, proximity (with gen. or ifc.; {ayaH}, on both sides; {am}, aside, towards; {e},
at the side, near [opp. to {dura-tas}]; {At}, away, from; by means of, through) MBh. Kv.
&c.; a curved knife S'Br.; a side of any square figure W.; the curve or circumference of a
wheel ib.; (only n.) a multitude of ribs, the thorax W. [622, 2]; the extremity of the foreaxle nearest the wheel to which the outside horses of a four-horse chariot are attached L.;
a fraudulent or crooked expedient L.; m. the side horse on a chariot MBh.; N. of an
ancient Buddhist teacher; (with Jainas) N. of the 23rd Arhat of the present Ava-sarpin
and of his servant; (du.) heaven and earth L.; mfn. near, proximate (cf. comp. below).
paashaNDa * mf({I})n. (wrongly spelt {pAkhaNDa}) heretical, impious MBh. Pur.; m. a
heretic, hypocrite, impostor, any one who falsely assumes the characteristics of an
orthodox Hind, a Jaina, Buddhist ib. &c.; m. or n. false doctrine, heresy Mn. BhP.
paas'a *= m. (once n. ifc. f. %{A} ; fr. 3. %{paz}) a snare, trap, noose, tie, bond, cord,
chain, fetter (lit. and fig.) RV. &c. &c. ; (esp.) the noose as attribute of Siva or Yama RTL.
81 ; 290 ; (with Jainas) anything that binds or fetters the soul i.e. the outer world, nature
Sarvad. (cf. also RTL. 89) ; selvage, edge, border (of anything woven), S3rGr2S. ; a die,
dice MBh. ; (in astrol.) a partic. constellation ; (ifc. it expresses either contempt e.g. %
{chattra-p-}, a shabby umbrella "', or 0admiration e.g. %{karNa-p-}, `" a beautiful ear "'
; after a word signifying, hair "' abundance, quantity e.g. %{keza-p-}, `" a mass of hair "')
; (%{I}) f. a rope, fetter Sis3. xviii, 57 (cf. also 2. %{pAzI}).
paarshada* = m. (fr. {parSad}) an associate, companion, attendant (esp. of a god),
RamatUp. MBh. Sus'r. (pl. attendance, retinue Hariv. BhP. Lalit.); a member of an

assembly, spectator Prasannar.; n. a text-book received by any partic. grammatical

school (a N. given to the Prtis'khyas) Nir. i, 17; N. of wk.
paartha = O son of Pritha* = 1 m. (fr. {pRthi}) patr. of Tnva RAnukr.; n. N. of 12 sacred
texts (ascribed to Priithi Vainya and repeated during the ceremony of unction in the
Rja-sya sacrifice) Br. KtyS'rS.; of sev. Smans Br. Lthy. \\ =2 m. (fr. {pRthA})
metron. of Yudhi-shthhira or Bhma-sena or Arjuna (esp. of the last; pl. the 5 sons of
Pnu) MBh. (cf. IW. 381 n. 4); N. of a king of Kas'rriira (son of Pangu) and of another
man Rjat.; Terminalia Arjuna L.\\* =3 m.= {pArthiva}, a prince, king L. \\* =4 or
{pArthona} m. (in astron.) = $ as (the Virgo of the zodiac).
paarthaH = Arjuna
paarthasya = and Arjuna
paarthaaya = unto Arjuna
paarthiva* = mf({I} or {A}; cf. Pn. 4-1, 85, Varit. 2) u. (fr. {pRthivI} f. of {pRthu})
earthen, earthy, earthly, being in or relating to or coming from the earth, terrestrial RV.
&c. &c.; (from m. below) fit for kings or princes, royal, princely MBh. Hariv.; m. an
inhabitant of the earth RV. AV.; a lord of the earth, king, prince, warrior Mn. MBh. &c.;
an earthen vessel L.; a partic. Agni Griihys.; the 19th (or 53rd) year in Jupiter's cycle of
60 years Var.; (pl.) N. of a family belonging to the Kaus'likas Hariv.; ({I}) f. `" earthborn "'N. of St Ragh.; of Lakshm L.; (with {zAnti}) N. of wk.; n. (pl.) the regions of the
earth RV.; an earthy substance Hariv. (v.l. {-thavi}) Sus'r.; Tabernaemontana Coronaria
L.

paarthivatva* = n. the dignity or rank of king, royalty MBh.

paarthivesvara * = m. id.; {-cintAmaNi}, ni. ({Ni-paddhati} f.), {pUjanavidhi} and. {pUjA-vidhi} m. N. of wks
paarushhyaM = harshness
paarvaNa * = :mf({I})n. (fr. {parvan}) belonging or relating to a division of time or to the
changes of the moon (such as at new or full moon); increasing, waxing, full (as the moon;
{parvaNau zazi-divAkarau}, mmoon and sun at the time of full mmoon Ragh. xi, 82)
GriS'rS. Kv. Pur. &c.; m. a halfmonth (= {pakSa}) Jyot.; oblations offered at new and
full moon GriS.
paarvata * = mf(%{I})n. (fr. %{parvata}) being in or growing on or coming from or
consisting of mountains ; mountainous, hilly MBh. Hariv. Pur. (cf. Pa1n2. 4-2, 67, 8ch.) ;
m. Melia Bukayun L. ; (%{I}) f. see below.
paary-antika * =mf({I})n. ({-anta}) final, concluding, last MW.
paashaM = rope/ties
paas'aNDa* = mf({I})n. (wrongly spelt {pAkhaNDa}) heretical, impious MBh. Pur.; m. a
heretic, hypocrite, impostor, any one who falsely assumes the characteristics of an
orthodox Hind, a Jaina, Buddhist ib. &c.; m. or n. false doctrine, heresy Mn. BhP.
paashaasana = the noose posture
paas'a * = m. (once n. ifc. f. {A}; fr. 3. {paz}) a snare, trap, noose, tie, bond, cord, chain,

fetter (lit. and fig.) RV. &c. &c.; (esp.) the noose as attribute of Siva or Yama RTL. 81;
290; (with Jainas) anything that binds or fetters the soul i.e. the outer world, nature
Sarvad. (cf. also RTL. 89); selvage, edge, border (of anything woven), S'rGriS.; a die,
dice MBh.; (in astrol.) a partic. constellation; (ifc. it expresses either contempt e.g.
{chattra-p-}, a shabby umbrella "', or 0admiration e.g. {karNa-p-}, `" a beautiful ear "';
after a word signifying, hair "' abundance, quantity e.g. {keza-p-}, `" a mass of hair "');
({I}) f. a rope, fetter Sis'. xviii, 57 (cf. also 2. {pAzI}).
paaTa* =1 mfn. (for 2. see p. 616, col. 3) watched, protected, preserved L. \\m. ( {paT})
breadth, expanse, extension L.; (in geom.) the intersection of a prolonged side and
perpendicular or the figure formed by such an intersection Col.; = {vAdya-tUrA7tkara}
Vikr. iv, 13/14 Sch.; ({A4}) f. a species of plant AV. Kaus'. (cf. {pAThA}); regular order,
series, succession W.; ({I}) f. see {pATI}. \\ 2 m. (for 1. see under 3. {pA}) flying, mode
of flying, flight MBh.; throwing one's self or falling into (loc.) or from (abl.), fall,
downfall (also ifc. after what would be a gen. or abl. &c. e.g., {gRha-}, fall of a house;
{parvata-}, fall from a mountain; {bhU-}, fall on the earth) Mn. MBh. Kv. &c.;
alighting, descending or causing to descend, casting or throwing upon, cast, fall (of a
thunderbolt), throw, shot MBh. R. Pacat.; a stroke (of a sword &c.) Kaths.; application
(of ointment, of a knife &c.) Kvya7d.; casting or directing (a look or glance of the eyes)
Ragh.; decay of the body ({deha-pAta}), death Kaths. Bdar.; (with {garbhasya}) fall of
the fetus, miscarriage Sus'r.; an attack, incursion Var.; a cass, possibility, S'ankhBr.;
happening, occurrence, appearance Prab. Kaths. Das'ar.; a fault, error, mistake
Sryas.; the node in a planet's orbit ib. (cf. IW. 179); a malignant aspect ib.; N. of Rhu
L.; pl. N. of a school of the Yajur-veda ib.
paataka* = mfn. causing to fall (see {garbha-}); n. (rarely m.; ifc. f. {A}), `" that which
causes to fall or sink "', sin, crime, loss of caste GriS'rS. Mn. MBh. &c.

pata * = m. flying, falling (cf. g. {pacA7di} and {jvalA7di}). \\ pata * = 2 mfn. well fed (=
{puSTa}) L.
paati * = m.= {pati}, a master, lord, husband Un. v, 5 Sch.
paathii * f. arithmetic, Bjag.; a species of plant L.
paatha* = m. = {patha} g. {jvalA7di}; fire L.; the sun L.; n. water L.; N. of 2 Smans
rshBr.
paathha* = m. ( {paTh}) recitation, recital Kv.; reading, perusal, study (esp. of sacred
texts) S'iksh. &c.; a partic. method of reciting the text of the Veda (of which there are 5,
viz. Sanhit, Pada, Krama, Jath and Ghana RTL. 409); the text of a book, SrS. MBh.;
the reading (of a text) Naish. Sch.; = {dhAtu-pA7Tha} Vop.; ({A}) f. Clypea
Hernandifolia L.
paathaka* = m. a splitter, divider Hariv.; (only L.) the half or any part or a kind of
village; a shore, bank; a flight of steps leading to the water; a kind of musical instrument;
a long span (= {mahA-kiSku}) [615,1]; expense or loss of capital or stock; throwing dice;
({ikA}) f. see {dina-pATikA}.
paathava* = m. (fr. {paTu}) a son or deseendant or pupil of Pathu S'Br. Pravar. (cf. Pn.
4-2, 119 Sch.); mfn. clever, sharp, dexterous W.; n. sharpness, intensity Sus'r. Tattvas.;
skill, cleverness in (loc.) Kv. Rjat. Hit.; quickness, precipitation in (comp.) Kaths.;
health L.
paathalam.h = (n) rose flower

paathhayati = (1 pp, causative) to teach

paathhashaalaa = (f) school
paathhiinaH = (m) prawns
paathhyakrama = syllabus
paatakaM = sinful reactions
paatakamuula = adj. essentially criminal
paataJNjalii = author of the Yoga Sutras
paataala = nether-world
paaThya * = mfn. to be recited R. Sa1h.; to be taught, needing instruction BhP.
paatita = taken down
paatra * = n. (ifc. f. %{A}) a drinking-vessel, goblet, bowl, cup, dish, pot, plate, utensil &c., any
vessel or receptacle RV. &c. &c. ; a meal (as placed on a dish) TS. AitBr. ; the channel of a river R.
Ka1d. [613,1] ; (met.) a capable or competent person, an adept in, master of (gen.), any one worthy
of or fit for or abounding in (gen. loc., inf. or comp.) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; an actor or an actor's part
or character in a play Ka1lid. Sa1h. ; a leaf L. (cf. %{pattra}) ; propriety, fitness W. ; an order,
command ib. ; m. or n. a measure of capacity (= 1 A1d2haka) AV. S3Br. S3rS. ; a king's counsellor
or minister Ra1jat. Pan5car. ; (%{I}) f. see 1. %{pAtrI}.

paatu = may he protect

paatra = vessel
paatre = to a suitable person
paathI*= f. arithmetic, Bjag.; a species of plant L.
paavaka = gold
paavakaH = fire
paavana* = mf({I})n. purifying, purificatory; pure, holy Mn. MBh. &c.; living on wind
Nlak.; m. a partic. fire Kull. on Mn.iii, 185; fire L.; incense L.; a species of Verbesina
with yellow flowers L.; a Siddha (s.v.) L.; N. of Vysa L.; of one of the Vis've Devh MBh.;
of a son of Kriishna BhP.; ({I}) f. Terminalia Chebula L.; holy basil L.; a cow L.; N. of a
river MBh. R.; the Ganges or the goddess Gang W.; n. the act or a means of cleansing or
purifying, purification, sanctification Mn. MBh. &c.; penance, atonement L.; watee L.;
cow-dung L.; the seed of Elaeocarpus Ganitrus (of which rosaries are made) L.; Costus
Speciosus L.; a sectarial mark L.; = {adhyAsa} L.
paavanaani = purifying
paavitra* = n. a kind of metre Col. (w.r. for {pav-}?). [623,
paati*= m.= {pati}, a master, lord, husband Un. v, 5 Sch.
paavita* = mfn. (fr. {pU}, Caus.) cleansed, purified Mn. MBh. &

pachati = (1 pp) to cook

pachanti = prepare food
pachaami = I digest
pachyante = are cooked?
pada = step * = pada n. (rarely m.) a step, pace, stride; a footstep, trace, vestige, mark,
the foot itself. RV. &c. &c. ({padena}, on foot; {pade pade}, at every step, everywhere, on
every occasion; {trINi padAni viSNoH}, the three steps or footprints of Vishnu [i.e. the
earth, the air, and the sky; cf. RV. i, 154, 5 Vikr. i, 19], also N. of a constellation or
according to some `" the space between the eyebrows "'; sg. {viSNoH padam}N. of a
locality; {padaM-dA}, {padAt padaM-gam} or {cal}, to make a step move on; {padaMkR}, with loc. to set foot in or on, to enter; with {mUrdhni}, to set the foot upon the head
of [gen.] i.e. overcome; with {citte} or {hRdaye}, to take possession of any one's heart or
mind; with loc. or {prati}, to have dealings with {padaM ni-dhA} with loc., to set foot in =
to make impression upon; with {padavyAm}, to set the foot on a persos [gen. or ibc.]
track, to emulate or equal; {padam ni-bandh} with loc., to enter or engage in); a sign,
token, characteristic MBh. Kaths. Pur.; a footing, standpoint; position rank station, site,
abode, home RV. &c. &c. ({padam A-tan}, to spread or extend one's position; {padAt
padam bhrAmayitvA}, having caused to wander from place to place); a business affair,
matter, object or cause of (gen. or comp.) Kv. Pac. &c.; a pretext L.; a part, portion,
division (cf. {dvi-}, {tri-}); a square on a chess-board R.; a plot of ground Inscr.; the foot
as a measure of length (= 12 or 15 fingers "' breadth, or 1/2 or 1/3 or 3/7 of a Prakrama)
KtyS'r.; a ray of light (m. L.); a portion of a verse, quarter or line of a stanza RV. &c.
&c.; a word or an inflected word or the stem of a noun in the middle cases and before

some Taddhitas Pn. 1-4, 14 &c. [583, 2]; = {pada-pATha} Prt.; common N. of the P.
and . Cat.; any one in a set of numbers the sum of which is required; a period in an
arithmetical progression Col.; a square root Sryas.; a quadrant ib.; protection L. [Cf.
Gk. $; &179282[583, 2] Lat. {peda}; {op-pidum} for {op-pedum}.]
padaani = words or steps
padaiH = by the aphorisms
padakam.h = (n) medal
padana *= mfn. who or what goes or moves W. (cf. Pa1n2. 3-2, 150)
padaM = the step
padavii *= m. (nom. %{s}) a leader, guide, forerunner RV. AV. (cf. %{-vAya}) [583,3];
f. (nom. %{vI}) a road, path, way, track, reach, range; acc. with %{gam}, %{yA} &c., to
go the way of (cf. under %{artha-padavI}, %{ghana-}, %{pavana-}, %{mokSa-}, %
{yauvana-}, %{sAdhu-}, %{smaraNa-}, %{hAsya-}; %{padam-dhA} or %{nidhA@padavyAm} [comp. or gen.], to tread in the footsteps of a person i.e. imitate or
rival him) MBh. Ka1v. &c.; station, situation, place, site R. Pan5c.; %{--vI4ya} n.
footsteps, track RV. x, 71, 3 (if not acc. for %{vya4m}).paddhati * = (for %{-hati}) f. `"
foot-stroke "', a way, path, course, line Hariv. Ka1v. &c. (also %{-tI} g. %{bahv-Adi});
sign, token Ja1takam.; N. of a class of writings (described as guide-books or manuals for
partic. rites and ceremonies and the texts relating to them) and of sev. wks.; a family N.
or title (or rather the characteristic word denoting caste or occupation in comps. serving
as proper names e.g. %{-gupta}, %{-dAsa} at the end of Vais3ya and S3u1dra names).

L.; %{-candrikA} f. %{-cintAmaNi} m. %{-prakAza} m. %{-prakAzikA}, f. %{-bhUSaNa}

n. %{-ratna} n. %{-sAra} m. N. of wks.
paddhati (for %{-hati}) f. `" foot-stroke "', a way, path, course, line Hariv. Ka1v. &c.
(also %{-tI} g. %{bahv-Adi}); sign, token Ja1takam.; N. of a class of writings (described
as guide-books or manuals for partic. rites and ceremonies and the texts relating to
them) and of sev. wks.; a family N. or title (or rather the characteristic word denoting
caste or occupation in comps. serving as proper names e.g. %{-gupta}, %{-dAsa} at the
end of Vais3ya and S3u1dra names). L.; %{-candrikA} f. %{-cintAmaNi} m. %{prakAza} m. %{-prakAzikA}, f. %{-bhUSaNa} n. %{-ratna} n. %{-sAra} m. N. of wks.
padhashala = school
padma = lotus
padmaasana = the lotus posture
padmaakshaM = lotus-eyed
padmanaabha = a name of Vishnu
padmapatraM = a lotus leaf
padmaraaga m. `" lotus-hued "', a ruby L. (also %{-ka} Hcat. ; %{-ga-maya} mf[%
{I}]n. made or consisting of rubies Ka1ran2d2) ; (%{I}) f. N. of one of the tongues of Agni
Gr2ihya1s.
pakvaM = ripe

paksha = (m) political party, fortnight * = m. (ifc. f. %{A} or %{I}) a wing, opinion (in
one passage n.) RV. &c. &c.; a symbol. N. of the number two Var. Hcat.; a feather, the
feathers on both sides of an arrow (cf. %{gArdhra-p-}); the fin of a fish (cf. %{nis-tvak-p}); the shoulder; the flank or side or the half of anything RV. &c. &c.; the side or wing of a
building AV. [573,3]; the wing or flank of an army MBh. Hariv.; the half of a lunar
month (the first half from new moon to full moon was called %{pUrva} or %
{apUryamANa}, later %{zukla} or %{zuddha}; the other half %{apara} or %{apakSIyamANa}, later %{kRSNa} or %{tAmisra}; each fortnight consists of 15 Tithis or
lunar days called %{prathamA}, %{dvitIyA} &c.) Br. Gr2S3rS. MBh. Var. &c.; a side,
party, faction; multitude, number, troop, set, class of beings; partisan, adherent,
follower, friend (%{zatru-} `" the enemy's side "' or `" a partisan of the enemy "'; %
{mahA-}, `" one who has many adherents "') MBh. Ka1v. &c.; side i.e. position, place,
stead (%{-kSe} ifc. instead of or by way of) ib.; quantity (see %{keza-}); one of two cases
or one side of an argument, an alternative (%{-kSe}, `" on the other hand "', with %
{atra}, `" in this case "', %{pakSA7ntare}, `" in the other case "') Pa1n2. Sch.; a point or
matter under discussion, a thesis, a particular theory, a position advanced or an
argument to be maintained (cf. %{pUrva-}, %{uttara-}); an action or lawsuit Ya1jn5.
Sch.; (in logic) the proposition to be proved in a syllogism Tarkas. Bha1sha1p.; any
supposition or view, motion, idea, opinion (%{mukhyaH@pakSaH}, `" an excellent idea
"' S3ak. Sch.) MBh. Ka1v. &c.; the sun Sa1y. on RV. iii, 53, 16; N. of sev. men VP.; (in
alg.) a primary division or the side of an equation in a primary division; the wall of a
house or any wall L.; an army L.; favour L.; contradiction, rejoinder L.; the ash-pit of a
fire-place L.; a royal elephant L.; a limb or member of the body L.; the feathers of the tail
of a peacock, a tail L.; proximity, neighbourhood L.; a bracelet L.; purity, perfection L.;
mfn. = %{pAcaka}, %{bAdhaka} Sa1y. on RV. vi, 47, 19. [Cf. OGerm. {fahs}; Angl.Sax.
{feax}.]

pakshabala = Strength based on the Lunar phases. Used in Shad Bala calculations
pakshayoH = to the parties
pakshi = bird
pakshiNaaaM = of birds
pakshin.h = (masc) bird
pakshin * = mfn. winged (lit. and fig.) RV. &c.&c. ; (ifc.) taking the side of. siding with
Hariv. ; m. a bird or any winged animal RV. &c. &c. ; the bird Garud2a as one of the 18
attendants of the Sun L. ; N. of S3iva MBh. ; a day with the 2 nights enclosing it L. ; an
arrow L. ; a partic. sacrificial act Ta1n2d2Br. ; (%{iNI}) f. a female bird Hariv. ; (with or
sc. %{rAtri}) a night with the 2 days enclosing it Gobh. Gaut. ; the day of full moon L. ; N.
of a S3a1kini L.
pakshma = eyelid
pakva *= mf(%{A})n. (considered as p.p. of 2. %{pac} ; cf. Pa1n2. 8-2 , 52) cooked ,
roasted , baked , boiled , prepared on a fire (opp. to %{Ama}) RV. &c. &c. (also applied
to the milk in an udder) ; warmed (cf. %{dviS-}) Gobh. Mn. &c. ; baked or burnt (as
bricks or earthenware pots) S3Br. Var. &c. ; ripe , mature (lit. and fig.) RV. &c. &c. (also
applied to a tree with ripe fruits) ; grey , hoary (as the hair) Dhu1rtas. ; accomplished ,
perfect , fully developed (as the understanding , character &c.) MBh. BhP. ; ripe for
decay , near to death , decrepit , perishing ,decaying ib. ; digested W. ; n. cooked food ,
dish RV. AV. S3Br. ; ripe corn AV. ; the ashes of a burnt corpse ib.

pallava*: a sprout, shoot, twig, spray, bud, blossom (met. used for the fingers, toes, lips
&c.) MBh. Kv. &c.; a strip of cloth, scarf, lappet Kd. Blar. Rjat.; spreading,
expansion L. (cf. below); strength L. (= {bala}; v.l. = {vana}, a wood); red lac ({alakta})
L.; a bracelet L.; sexual love L.; unsteadiness L.; m. a partic. position of the hands in
dancing Cat.; a libertine, catamine L.; a species of fish L.; pl. N. of a people MBh. Pur.
(v.l. for {pahlava}); of a race of princes Inscr.
pala = Moment* = m. (scarcely to be connected with prec.) straw L.; = {pAla} g.
{jvalA7di}; n. a partic. weight = 4 Karshas = 1/100 Tul (rarely m.; ifc. f. {A}) Mn. Yj.
Sus'r. &c.; a partic. fluid measure Nir. xiv, 7 KtyS'r. Sch.; a partic. measure of time (=
1/60 Ghath) Ganit.; flesh, meat Yj. Sus'r. [Cf. Lat. {palea}; Fr. {paille}, Lith. {pelai}.]
palaaNDuH = (m) onion
palaayituM = to run away
palitaM = ripened(grey)
pamb * = cl. 1. P. %{pambati}, to go, move Dha1tup. xi, 35 Vop.
paNava * m. (prob. fr. {pra-Nava}) a small drum or a kind of cymbal (used to
accompany singing) MBh. Kv. (also {A} f. L.); a kind of metre Col. (v.l. {pan-}); N. of a
prince VP.
paNa = Play
paNavaanaka = small drums and kettledrums

panaparaH = Succedant houses. Houses 2, 5, 8 and 11

panasaphalam.h = (n) jackfruit
paNca = (adj) five
pacaala m.pl. (fr. %{paJcan}; cf. %{pAtAla}) N. of a warrior-tribe and their country
in the north of India S3Br. Mn. MBh. &c. (cf. %{apara-}, %{pUr}. %{va-}); of a Vedic
school S3Br. RPra1t.; (sg.) a man belonging to the tribe of the Pan5ca1las L.; a king of
the PPan5ca1las MBh. (cf. %{pAJc-}); N. of S3iva ib.; of a man brought by Vishvaksena to the childless Gan2du1sha Hariv.; of a serpent-demon L.; a partic. venomous
insect MW.; n. (?) N. of a metre Col.; (%{I}) f. a doll, puppet Ka1d.; a style of singing L.;
a chequered cloth for playing at draughts &c. W. ( see also paacaala)
pacan * = pl. (said to be fr. 1. %{pac}, to spread out the hand with its five fingers; nom.
acc. %{pa4Jca} AV. v, 15, 5 %{paJca4}]; instr. %{-ca4bhis}; dat. abl. %{-ca4bhyas}; loc.
%{-ca4su} [Class. also, %{-cabhis}, %{-cabhya4s}, %{-casu4} cf. Pa1n2. 6-1, 179 &c.];
gen. %{-cAnA4m}) five RV. &c. &c. (cf. under %{indriya}, %{kRSTi}, %{carSaNi}, %
{jana}, %{bhUta}, %{mAtra}, %{yajJa}, %{svasR} &c.); sg. N. of Katha1s. xiv. [Cf. Zd.
{pan5can}; Gk. $, Aeol. $; Lat. {quinque}; Lith. &177787[578,2] {penki4}; Goth. {fimf};
Germ. {fu10nf}; Angl. Sax. {fif}; Eng. {five}.]
128 paJcat mfn. consisting of five Pa1n2. 5-1, 60.
pacataa * = f. five foldness, fivefold state or amount Mn. viii, 151; an aggregate or a
collection of 5 things (esp.) the 5 elements, viz. earth, air, fire, water and %{akAza} ether,
and dissolution into them i.e. death (%{-tAm} with %{gam}, %{yA} &c., to die, with %
{upa-nI}, to kill) Ka1v. Sus3r. Pur.

panchamii = Fifth lunar Tithi

panchaanga = Fivefold method of forecasting. Also the name of a Vedic Astrological
Almanac. It is based upon Vara, nakshatra, Tithi, karaNa and Yoga
pacha = five
pachamaM = the fifth
pa.nchatva.ngaM = to die
pa.nchamaH = (Masc.Nom.S)the fifth
paNDita = learned man
paNDita* mfn. (according to some, for {spandita}) learned, wise, shrewd, clever, skilful
in, conversant with (loc. or comp.; cf. Pn. 2-1, 40) S'Br. Up. MBh. &c.; m. a scholar, a
learned man, teacher, philosopher, a Pandit MBh. Kv. &c.; N. of a man (= {-taka})
MBh.; of a Brhman changed into an antelope Hariv.; incense L.
paNDitaM = learned
paNDitaaH = the learned
paNdita = the wise man
pa.nDitaH = (Masc.nom.Sing.)learned person

paNDita* = mfn. (according to some, for {spandita}) learned, wise, shrewd, clever,
skilful in, conversant with (loc. or comp.; cf. Pn. 2-1, 40) S'Br. Up. MBh. &c.; m. a
scholar, a learned man, teacher, philosopher, a Pandit MBh. Kv. &c.; N. of a man (= {taka}) MBh.; of a Brhman changed into an antelope Hariv.; incense L.
paNDita4-tva* = n. (Mriicch.) learning, knowledge, wisdom, cleverness, skill.
pa.ngu = cripple
pa.nka = mud
panka = mud
pankajasthiita = adj. gutter fallen
pannaga * = m. (ifc. f. {A}) `" creeping low "', a serpent or serpent-demon Suparn. MBh.
&c.; Cerasus Puddum L.; ({I}) f. see below; {-kesara} m. Mesua Roxburghii L.; {nAzana} m. `" sserpent-killer "'N. of Garuda Hariv.; {-purI} f. the city of the sserpentdemons L.; {-bhojana} m. `" sserpent-eater "'N. of Garuda MBh.; {-maya} mf({I})n.
formed or consisting of sserpent Hariv.; {-rAja} m. sserpent-king MBh.; {--gA7ri} m.
`" serpent-foe "'N. of Garuda Hariv.; of a teacher (v.l. {-gAni}) VP.; {--gA7zana} m. = {gabhojana} L.; {-ge7ndra} and {--gezvara} m. `" sserpent king "' MBh.
pansi = (m) an alternative man
pantha = sects, based on the word path
panthaH = wayfarer?

pa.nthaa = way
pa.nthaaH = (masc.Nom.Sing.) path; way
pa.nthaanaH = ways; paths
papakartariyoga = Hemmed in between 2 malefics
para = other* = 1 mf({A})n. (1. {pR}; abl. sg. m. n. {pa4rasmAt}, {-rAt}; loc.
{pa4rasmin}, {-re}; nom. pl. m. {pa4re}, {-rAs}, {-rAsas}; cf. Pn. 1-1, 34; vii, 1, 16; 50)
far, distant, remote (in space), opposite, ulterior, farther than, beyond, on the other or
farther side of, extreme; previous (in time), former; ancient, past; later, future, next;
following, succeeding, subsequent; final, last; exceeding (in number or degree), more
than; better or worse than, superior or inferior to, best or worst, highest, supreme, chief
(in the compar. meanings [where also {-tara}], with abl., rarely gen. or ifc.; exceptionally
{paraM zatam}, more than a hundred lit. `" an excessive hhundred, a hhundred with a
surplus "' R. [586, 2]; {parAH koTayaH} Prab. Hcat.) RV. &c. &c.; strange, foreign,
alien, adverse, hostile ib.; other than, different from (abl.) Prab.; left, remaining Kaths.;
concerned or anxious for (loc.) R.; m. another (different from one's self), a foreigner,
enemy, foe, adversary RV. &c. &c.; a following letter or sound (only ifc. mfn. e.g. {tapara}, having {t} as the ffollowing lletter, followed by {t}) RPrt. Pn.; (scil. {graha}) a
subsidiary Soma-graha TS.; N. of a king of Kosala with the patr. thnra Br.; of another
king MBh.; of a son of Samara Hariv.; (sc. {prAsAda}) of the palace of Mitravind ib.; m.
or n. the Supreme or Absolute Being, the Universal Soul Up. R. Pur.; ({A}) f. a foreign
country, abroad (?) Kaths.; a species of plant L.; N. of a sound in the first of its 4 stages
L.; a partic. measure of time Sy.; N. of a river MBh. VP. (v.l. {pArA}, {veNA},
{veNNA}); of a goddess (cf. s.v.) n. remotest distance MBh.; highest point or degree ib.;

final beatitude L. (also {-taram} and {parAt para-taram}); the number 10, 000, 000,
000 (as the full age of Brahm) VP.; N. of partic. Smans Kthh.; any chief matter or
paramount object (ifc. [f. {A}] having as the chief object, given up to, occupied with,
engrossed in, intent upon, resting on, consisting of, serving for, synonymous with &c.
MBh. Kv. &c.); the wider or mare extended or remoter meaning of a word Jaim. Kull.;
(in logic) genus; existence (regarded as the common property of all things) W.; ({am})
ind. afterwards, later; (with abl.) beyond, after (e.g. {paraM vijJAnAt}, beyond human
knowledge; {astam-ayAt p-}, after sunset; {mattaH p-}, after me; {ataH p-} or {param
ataH}, after this, farther on, hereafter, next; {itaH p-}, henceforward, from now; {tataH
p-} or {tataz ca p-}, after that, thereupon; {nA7smAt p-} [for {mA7sm-p-}], no more of
this, enough) MBh. Kv. &c.; in a high degree, excessively, greatly, completely ib.;
rather, most willingly, by all means ib.; I will, so be it DivyA7v.; at the most, at the
utmost, merely, no more than, nothing but ib.; but, however, otherwise ({paraM tu} or
{paraM kiM tu} id.; {yadi p-}, if at all, perhaps, at any rate; {na-p-}, not-but; {na
pparaM-api}, not only-but also; {pparaM na-api na}, not only not-but not even; {na
pparaM-yAvat}, not only-but even) ib.; ({pa4reNa}) ind. farther, beyond, past (with
acc.) RV. &c. &c.; thereupon, afterwards, later than, after (with abl.or gen.). Mn. MBh.
&c.; ({pare4}) ind. later, farther, in future, afterwards RV. MBh. Kv. [Cf. Zd. {para};
Gk. $; Lat. {peren-die}; Goth. &180201[586, 2] {fai4rra}; Germ. {fern}; Eng. {far} and
{fore}.]
paraa* = (for 1. see col. 1). ind. away, off, aside, along, on, (Lat. {per}; it occurs only in {taram} and {-vat}, and as a prefix to nouns and verbs; it is prob. akin to {para}, {paras},
{pra}.)
paraadhiina *= mf(%{A})n. = %{-ra-vaza} Mn. MBh. &c. ; (ifc.) entirely engaged in or
intent upon or devoted to Ka1d. Ra1jat. ; %{-tA} f. (Ka1v.) , %{-tva} n. (MW.) dependence

upon another , subjection.

paraanta* = m. `" the last end "', death ({-kAla} m. time of ddeath) MundUp.; `" living
at the remotest distance "'N. of a people MBh.
parAntaka* = m. a frontier DivyA7v.; pl. N. of a people L.
pa4ra-bhaava * =m. the being subsequent or second member in a compound Pat. (cf. {bhUta}).
paraa-bhava4 * =m. vanishing, disappearance, dissolution, separation R.; overthrow,
defeat, humiliation, mortification, contempt, injury, destruction, ruin S'Br. MBh. Kv.
&c.; N. of the 40th (or 14th) year in Jupiter's cycle of 6o years Var. (cf. {parAvasu}); {pada} n. an object of contempt MW.
paraa-bhaava * =m. defeat, overthrow MBh.; humiliation, contempt L.
parayaa = of a high grade
paraa = beyond, higher
paraaga* m. (prob. for %{apa-r-}), the pollen of a flower Ka1v. Pur. &c.; dust Ragh. iv,
30; fragrant powder used after bathing L.; sandal L.; an eclipse of the sun or moon L.;
fame, celebrity L.; independence L.; N. of a mountain L.
paraaM = transcendental
paraakrama = valor

paraakramaH = the daring warrior

paraakramaaNaaM = of valients
paraamars'a * = m. seizing, pulling (%{keza-}, by the hair) MBh.; bending or drawing
(of a bow) R.; violation, injury, assault, attack MBh. R. Ka1d.; affection (by disease &c.)
Ma1rkP.; remembrance, recollection Veda7ntas.; referring or pointing ttouched Sa1h.;
reflection, consideration, judgment MBh. Bha1sha1p.; (in logic) inference, conclusion,
drawing conclusions from analogy or experience, knowledge of the minor premiss in its
connection with the major; N. of wk.; %{-kAraNapakSatA-vAda} m. %{-karya-kAraNabhAva-vicAra} m. %{-grantha} m. %{-grantha-rahasya} n. %{-TippanI} f. %{-pUrvapakSa-grantka-TIkA} f. (%{-thakroDa} m. %{-tha-dIdhiti-TIkA} f. %{-tha-prakAza} m.
%{-tha-vivecana} n. %{-thA7nugama} m.), %{-pUrvapakSa-rahasya} n. %{-rahasya} n.
%{-vAda} m. %{-vAdA7rtha} m. %{-vicAra} m. %{-siddhA7nta-grantha-TIkA} f. (%{tha-kroDa} m. %{-tha-prakAza} m. %{-tha-vivecana} n. %{-thA7loka}, m.), %{siddhA7nta-rahasya} n. %{-hetutA-vicAra} m. N. of wks. [590,3]
paraangmukhii = facing inwards, *V because of nondevotees, who refused their prayers,
paraaNi = superior
paraardha = other end
paraardha* = m. the more remote or opposite side or half. Br. KathhUp. MBh.; mn. the
highest number (100, 000 billions) VS. TS. MBh. &c.; the number of mortal days
corresponding to 50 years of Brahm's life Pur.; (as mfn. w.r. for {-dhya}.)
paraashara = Maharishi Parashar(a). One of the Fathers of Vedic Astrology. Author of

the text which is the basis for the most commonly used Astrological System in India
paraasya* = or mfn. to be thrown away S'Br.
paraasya* = mfn. to be thrown away S'Br.
paraayaNaM = the one to be worshipped
paraayaNaH = being so destined
paraayaNa* = n. (for 2. see p. 590, col. 3) final end or aim, last resort or refuge,
principal object, chief matter, essence, summary (%{-NaM-kR}, to do one's utmost)
S3Br. Up. MBh. &c.; (in medic.) a universal medicine, panacea Car.; a religious order or
division W.; (ifc.; f. %{A}) making anything one's chief object, wholly devoted or destined
to, engaged in, intent upon, filled or occupied with, affected or possessed by (%{-tA} f.
Das3.) Mn. MBh. &c.; mf(%{A})n. violent, strong (as pain) MBh. i, 8367 (Ni1lak.);
principal, being the chief object or final aim ib.; dependent on (gen.) R.; leading or
conducive to (gen.) MBh.; m. N. of a pupil of Ya1jn5avalkya Va1yuP.; %{-vat} mfn.
occupying the principal point, most elevated MBh.\\ 2 n. (%{parA} + %{i}) going away,
departure or way of departure, final end, last resort RV. AV. S3Br. (cf. 1. %{parA7yaNa},
p. 587).
paraayaNaaH = so inclined
parabhaava * =mf({A})n. loving another MBh. -2.
paradesha = foreign land, foreign country

paradesha-sahama = Sensitive point related to foreign travel

paradharmaH = duties prescribed for others
paradharmaat.h = than duties mentioned for others
paraH = in the next life
parahaste = (loc.sing.) in other persos hand
parahyaH = day before yesterday
paraM = better
param, tato * = afterwards, at another time AitBr. vii, 17, 4; [cf. $,$],
parama * = mf(%{A})n. (superl. of %{pa4ra}) most distant, remotest, extreme, last
RV. &c. &c. ; chief, highest, primary, most prominent or conspicuous ; best, most
excellent, worst (%{-meNa@cetasA}, with all the heart ; %{-ma-kaNThena}, `" with all
the throat "', roaring, speaking aloud) ib. ; (with abl.) superior or inferior to, better or
worse than MBh. R. ; m. N. of 2 authors Cat. ; n. highest point, extreme limit (%{caturviMzati-p-}, at the utmost 24) MBh. &c. ; chief part or matter or object (ifc. f. %{A} =
consisting chiefly of, completely occupied with or devoted to or intent upon) Mn. MBh.
Ka1v. &c. ; (%{am}) ind. yes, very well ; (also %{parama-} in comp. ; see below) very
much, excessively, excellently, in the highest degree MBh. Ka1v. &c.
paramaa = greatest

paramaaH = the highest goal of life

paramaaM = the supreme
paramaaNu * = m. an infinitesimal particle or atom (30 are said to form a mote in a
sun-beam) Ya1jn5. Yogas. MBh. &c. (cf. %{bhRtya-p-}); the passing of a sun-beam past
an atom of matter Pur.; n. 1/8 of a Ma1tra1 VPra1t.; %{-kAraNa-vAda} m. the atomistic
system of the Vais3eshikas, Sam2k.; %{-tA} f. infinite minuteness, the state of an atom
Ragh. BhP.; %{-maya} mf(%{I})n. consisting merely of atoms BhP.; %{-Nv-aGgaka} m.
`" subtle-bodied "'N. of Vishn2u L. 1.
paramaatma = the Supersoul
paramaatman.h = The soul within the Divine sphere
paramaatmaa = the supreme spirit
paramaananda = one who leads to the greatest happiness
parama * = mf(%{A})n. (superl. of %{pa4ra}) most distant, remotest, extreme, last RV.
&c. &c.; chief, highest, primary, most prominent or conspicuous; best, most excellent,
worst (%{-meNa@cetasA}, with all the heart; %{-ma-kaNThena}, `" with all the throat
"', roaring, speaking aloud) ib.; (with abl.) superior or inferior to, better or worse than
MBh. R.; m. N. of 2 authors Cat.; n. highest point, extreme limit (%{catur-viMzati-p-}, at
the utmost 24) MBh. &c.; chief part or matter or object (ifc. f. %{A} = consisting chiefly
of, completely occupied with or devoted to or intent upon) Mn. MBh. Ka1v. &c.; (%{am})
ind. yes, very well; (also %{parama-} in comp.; see below) very much, excessively,
excellently, in the highest degree MBh. Ka1v. &c.

// paarama Vr2iddhi form of %{parama} in comp.

paraM tu* = though - still
para.ntapa = O chastiser of the enemies
paraMparaa = tradition
parama = highest, the utmost, most excellent
paramaM = supreme
paramaH = perfect
paramaha.nsa = a highest spiritual/discriminatory state(from Swan)
paramesha = God
parameshthhin *= mfn. standing at the head, highest, chief, principal AV. &c. &c. ; m.
N. of any supreme being, of Agni AV. ; of Praja1-pati ib. &c. ; a son of PrPraja1-pati Br.
; of Brahma1 MBh. ; of S3iva ib. ; of Vishn2u Ragh. ; of Garud2a MBh. ; of Manu
Cakshus Ma1rkP. ; (with Jainas) = %{-SThi} L. ; the teacher of the tteacher of any one's
tteacher L. ; a kind of Vira1j RPra1t. ; a kind of ammonite L. ; N. of a son of Ajami1d2ha MBh. ; of a son of Indradyumna (Devadyumna) Pur. ; du. Vishn2u and S3ri1
BhP. ; (%{nI}) f. Ruta Graveolens L. [589,1]
parameshvara = O Supreme Lord

parameshvaraM = the Supersoul

parameshhvaasaH = the great archer
parameshthhin * mfn. standing at the head, highest, chief, principal AV. &c. &c.; m. N.
of any supreme being, of Agni AV.; of Praj-pati ib. &c.; a son of PrPraj-pati Br.; of
Brahm MBh.; of S'iva ib.; of Vishnu Ragh.; of Garuda MBh.; of Manu Cakshus MrkP.;
(with Jainas) = {-SThi} L.; the teacher of the tteacher of any one's tteacher L.; a kind
of Virj RPrt.; a kind of ammonite L.; N. of a son of Aja-mdha MBh.; of a son of
Indradyumna (Devadyumna) Pur.; du. Vishnu and S'r BhP.; ({nI}) f. Ruta Graveolens L.
[589, 1]
parameshthhi * = m. a superior or a chief god of the Jainas S'atr.; {-tA} f. supremacy,
superiority TndBr.
parameshthhi4na * == {-SThi4n} AV. xix, 9, 4.
parame-shthha * =mfn. standing at the top, supreme, superior Pn. 8-3, 97; m. N. of
Brahma or any supreme deity W.; ({A}) f. a kind of metre L.
paramparaa = by disciplic succession
parantapa = O Arjuna, subduer of the enemies
parantapaH = the chastiser of the enemies
para-piiDaa = harrasment of others

paraspara * = (fr. nom. sg. m. of %{para} + %{para}; cf. %{anyo'nya}) mf(%{A})n.

mutual, each other's Bhat2t2.; pl. like one another MBh. xii, 2420; (mostly in the oblique
cases of m. sg. %{-am}, %{eNa}, %{At}, %{asya}) ind. one another, each other, with or
from one another, one another's, mutually, reciprocally Mn. MBh. Ka1v. &c.; so also ibc.
(cf. below); rarely ifc. e.g. %{avijJAta-parasparaiH}, `" not knowing each other "' Ragh.
xvii, 51.
paraprakaashita = reflectively illumined like planets or moonparashuH = (m) axe
parashuraama = sixth incarnation of Vishnu
parashvaH = day after tomorrow
paras'vadha *= m. (ifc. f. %{A}) a hatchet, axe MBh. Var. Ka1v. &c. (also written %
{parasv-})
parastaat.h = transcendental
paraspara = mutually
parasparaM = mutually
paras'u * = m. a hatchet, axe, the axe of a woodcutter; (Naigh. ii, 20) a thunderbolt RV.
&c. &c.; N. of a king MBh.; w.r. for {parzu} q.v. [Cf. Gk. $, &181040[589, 2] &c.]
parasya = to others
parataa* = f. highest degree, absoluteness, (ifc.) the being quite devoted to or intent upon

Bhshp. Rjat.
parataH = superior
parataraM = superior
parataraH = later
paratra ind. elsewhere, in another place, in a future state or world, hereafter Mn. MBh.
&c.; below i.e. in the sequel (of a book) Vop. Sch.; %{-bhIru} m. `" one who stands in awe
of futurity "', a pious or religious man W.
pare = in the lofty;high;supreme
pareta * = mfn. departed, deceased, dead RV. AV. Ya1jn5.; m. a kind of spectre, a ghost,
spirit L.; %{-kalpa} mfn. almost dead R.; %{-bhartR} m. `" lord of the departed "'N. of
Yama S3is3.; %{-bhUmi} f. `" place of the ddeparted "', a cemetery Kum.; %{-rAj} (L.),
%{-rAja} (Naish.) m. = %{-bhartR} L.; %{-tA7carita} mfn. frequented or inhabited by
the ddeparted Das3.; %{-tA7vAsa} m. = %{-bhUmi} ib.
paretara * = mfn. other than hostile, faithful, friendly Kir. i, 14.
pari = sufficiently
pari * = round, around, about, round about; fully, abundantly, richly (esp. ibc. [where
also {parI}] to express fulness or high degree) RV. &c. &c.; as a prep. (with acc.) about
(in space and time) RV. AV.; against, opposite to, in the direction of, towards, to ib. (cf.
Pn. 1-4, 90; also at the beginning of a comp. mfn.; cf. ib. ii, 2, 18 Vrtt. 4 Pat. and

{pary-adhyayana}); beyond, more than AV.; to the share of (with {as}, or {bhU}, to fall to
a persos lot) Pn. 1-4, 90; successively, severally (e.g. {vRkSam pari siJcati}, he waters
tree after tree) ib.; (with abl.) from, away from, out of RV. AV. S'Br. (cf. Pn. 1-4, 93);
outside of, except Pn. 1-4, 88 Ks'. (often repeated ib. viii, 1, 5; also at the beginning or
the end of an ind. comp. ib. ii, 1, 12); after the lapse of Mn.iii, 119 MBh. xiii, 4672 (some
read {parisaMvatsarAt}); in consequence or on account or for the sake of RV. AV.;
according to (esp. {dha4rmaNas pa4ri}, according to ordinance or in conformity with
law or right) RV. [Cf. Zd. {pairi}; Gk. $.] &181611[591, 2]
parI * =2 ({pari-i}) P. {pary-eti} (Impv. {parI7hi} MBh.; Pot. {pa4rtyAm} TS.; impf.
{paryait} S'Br.; pf. {pa4rI7yAya} TS.; fut. {pary-etA} ChUp.; ind. p. {parI7tya} PrGri.;
{pary-AyaM} Br.; inf. {pa4ry-etave} RV.), to go about, move in a circle; (trans.) to go or
flow round (acc.), circumambulate, surround, include, grasp, span RV. &c. &c.; to run
against or into, reach, attain AV. S'Br. ChUp.; (with or sc. {manasA}) to perceive, ponder
MBh. R.: Intens. . {pa4rI7yate}, to move round or in a circle RV.
pari+aT.h = to tour
paribhaashaa * = f. speech, discourse, words MBh. BhP.; blame, censure, reproof (only
pl.) Pat. Ba1lar.; any explanatory rule or general definition, (in gram.) a rule or maxim
which teaches the proper interpretation or application of other rules Pa1n2.; (in medic.)
prognosis; a table or list of abbreviations or signs used in any work; (also pl.) N. of sev.
wks.; %{-kroDa-pattra} n. %{--Gka-sUtra} (%{-SA7Gk-}) n. %{-chando-maJjarI} f. %{TIkA} f. %{-prakaraNa} n. %{-prakAza} m. %{-prakAzikA} f. %{-pradIpa} m. %{pradIpA7rcis} n. %{-bhASya-sUtra} n. %{-bhAskara} m. %{-maJjarI} f. %{-rahasya} n.
%{--rtha-maJjarI} (%{-SA7rth-}) f. %{--rtha-saMgraha} (%{-SA7rth-}) m. %{-viveka}
m. %{-vizeSa} m. %{-vRtti} f. %{-ziromaNi} m. %{-saMgraha} m. %{-sAra} m. %{-sAra-

saMgraha} m. %{-sUtra} n. %{-Se7ndu-bhAskara} m. %{-Se7ndu-zekhara} m. %{Se7ndu-zekharasaMgraha} m. %{-So7paskAra} m. N. of wks. [598,2]

paribhaavaya = deem well/visualise
paribhava* = m. insult, injury, humiliation, contempt, disgrace MBh. Kv. &c.; {-pada}
n. an object or occasion of contempt Klid. Hit.; {-vidhi} m. humiliation, S'riingr.; {vA7zpada} n. = {-va-pada} Vikr. MrkP.
paribhaava* = (also {pari-bh-}) m. contempt Pac. i, 258/259 (B. {-bhava}
paribhU * = P. A1. %{-bhavati}, %{-te} (pf. %{-babhUva}, %{-bhUtha}, %{-bhUvuH}
RV. ; aor. %{-abhUvan}, %{-bhuvat} ; Subj. %{-bhUtas}, %{-bhUthas} ib. ; Impv. %{bhUtu} ib. ; Ved. inf. %{-bhve4} ib. ; ind. p. %{-bhUya} MBh. Ka1v. &c.: Pass. %{bhUyate} R. ; fut. %{-bhaviSyate} Bhat2t2.), to be round anything, surround, enclose,
contain RV. AV. Br. ; to go or fly round, accompany, attend to, take care of, guide, govern
RV. AV. ; to be superior, excel, surpass, subdue, conquer RV. &c. &c. ; to pass round or
over, not heed, slight, despise, insult MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; to disgrace MBh. ; to disappear, be
lost (= %{parA-bhU}) ib.: Caus. %{-bhAvayati}, %{-te} (ind. p. %{-bhAvya}), to spread
around, divulge, make known Uttarar. ; to surpass, exceed BhP. ; to soak, saturate,
sprinkle Sus3r. S3a1rn3gS. ; to contain, include BhP. ; to conceive, think, consider,
know, recognise as (acc.) Prab. Ra1jat. BhP. Pan5c.\\2 mfn. surrounding, enclosing,
containing, pervading, guiding, governing RV. AV. TS. TBr. I1s3Up.
paricchada * = m. a cover, covering, garment, dress, S'nkhS'r. MBh. &c.;
paraphernalia, external appendage, insignia of royalty R.; goods and chattels, personal
property, furniture Mn. MBh. &c.; retinue, train, attendants, necessaries for travelling

MBh. Kv. &c.; ifc. = {-cchad} S'nkhS'r. MBh. Hariv. &c.

paricchanda * = m. train, retinue L.
paricchanna * = mfn. covered, clad, veiled, concealed, disguised MBh. R. Hit. &c.
paricchad * = ( {chad}), Caus. {-cchAdayati} (ind. p. {-cchAdya}), to envelop, cover,
conceal MBh. Pac.
paricchad * = mfn. furnished or provided or adorned with (comp.) Ragh. i, 19.
parichaya = familiarity
parichayaat.h = (masc.abl.sing.) from familiarity; from knowing the facts
paricharya = service
parichakshate = is called
parichintayan.h = thinking of
parichhinna = precise (literally, cut around)
paridahyate = is burning
paridevanaa = lamentation
parigIta *= mfn. sung, celebrated, proclaimed, declared MBh. BhP.

parigrah *= P. A1. %{-gRhNAti}, %{-NIte} (Impv. 2. sg. %{-gRhANa} MBh. Ka1lid. ;

impf. %{-agRhNAH} RV. ; 3. sg. %{-agRhNat} TS. ; 3. pl. %{-agRhNan} AV. ; A1. %{agRhNanta} MBh. ; pf. 1. sg. %{-jagra4bha} RV. ; 3. sg. %{-jagrAha} MBh. &c. ; ind. p.
%{-gRhya} S3Br. MBh. Ka1v. &c.), to take hold of on both sides, embrace, surround,
enfold, envelop VS. AV. Br. MBh. &c. ; to fence round, hedge round TS. AV. S3Br.
Ka1tyS3r. ; to occupy on both sides (%{sarasvatIm}) MBh. ; to seize, clutch, grasp, catch
ib. ; to put on, wear (as a dress or ornament) ib. ; to take or carry along with one ib. Ka1v.
&c. ; to take possession of, master, overpower RV. AV. Br. Var. ; to take (in war), take
prisoner, conquer MBh. ; to take (food) S3Br. ; to receive, (also as a guest) accept ib.
MBh. S3ak. BhP. ; to take, adopt, conform to, follow Mn. MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; to take by the
hand, assist MBh. ; to take (a wife), marry S3ak. Pan5c. ; to surpass, excel Mn. Prab. ;
(in Ved. gram.) to enclose (%{iti}) between a word twice repeated RPra1t. (cf. %{parigraha}).
parigraaha *= m. the surrounding or fencing round of the Vedi or sacrificial altar with
three lines or furrows TS.
parigraha = hoarding *= m. (ifc. f. %{A}) laying hold of on all sides, surrounding,
enclosing, fencing round (esp. the Vedi or sacrificial altar by means of three lines or
furrows) S3Br. Ka1tyS3r. &c. ; wrapping round, putting on (a dress &c.), assuming (a
form &c.) Ka1v. ; comprehending, summing up, sum, totality, Sa1n3khBr. Mn. ; taking,
accepting, receiving or anything received, 2 gift or present MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; getting,
attaining, acquisition, possession, property (ifc. `" being possessed of or furnished with
"') ib. ; household, family, attendants, retinue, the seraglio of a prince ib. ; a house,
abode Hariv. ; root, origin, foundation MBh. ; admittance (into one's house), hospitable
reception Mn. MBh. R. Ka1ran2d2. ; taking (a wife), marrying, marriage Mn. MBh. &c. ;
a wife (also collect.) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; choice, selection ib. ; understanding, conception

Pa1n2. Sch. ; undertaking, beginning, commission or performance of, occupation with

Mn. R. Hariv. ; homage, reverence, grace, favour, help, assistance MBh. Ka1v. &c. ;
dominion, control (ifc. `" dependent on, subject to "') R. Var. Ma1rkP. ; force, constraint,
punishment (opp. to %{anu-graha}) R. ; claim on, relation to, concern with (loc.) Mn.
MBh. &c. ; (in Ved. gram.) the double mention of a word both before and after %{iti} ;
the form which precedes %{iti} RPra1t. ; a curse, imprecation, oath L. ; an eclipse of the
sun L. ; the rear or reserve of an army L. (v.l. %{prati-gr-}) ; %{-tva} n. state of a wife,
marriage Das3. ; %{-dvitIya} mfn. accompanied by one's wife or family MW. ; %{-bahutva} n. multitude of wives S3ak. ; %{-maya} mf(%{I})n. consisting of a family Prab. ; %{vat}, or %{-hin} mfn. possessed of, wealth, having property MBh. [593,2] ; %{hA7rthIya} mfn. having the sense of comprehension i.e. generalization Nir. i, 7.
parigrahaka *= mfn. grasping, taking hold of, undertaking (ifc.) L.
parigrahaM = and acceptance of material things
parigrahaH = sense of proprietorship over possessions
parigrihIta* = mfn. taken hold of on both sides AV.; surrounded, embraced, enclosed,
enveloped, fenced TS. S3Br. MBh. &c.; seized, grasped, taken, received, obtained,
accepted, adopted, admitted, followed, obeyed Br. MBh. Ka1v. &c.; opposed, checked
W.; m. g. %{AcitA7di}.
parigrihIti * = (%{pa4ri-}) f. grasping, comprehension TS. Br.
parigrihya* = ind. having taken or seized, in company or along with (acc.) MBh. Ka1v.
&c.; considering regarding W.; %{-vat} (%{-gri4hya-}) mfn. containing the word %

{parigRhya} TS. 2.\\ mfn. to be taken or accepted or regarded W.; (%{A}) f. designation
of a partic. kind of Vedi or sacrificial mound Kaus3.; a married woman L.
parigha = a bolt for shutting a gate
parighaasana = the locked gate posture
pariguNDita * = mfn. covered with dust, S3i1l.
pariguNita * = mfn. (fr. %{-guNaya}) reiterated, repeated BhP.; augmented by addition
of (comp.) VarBr2S. lxv, 5.
pariguNThita * = mfn. ( %{guNTh}) veiled in, hidden by (instr.) R.
parigup * = only Desid. %{-jugupsate}, to beware of, be on one's guard against (abl.)
MBh.
pariGYaataa = the knower
parigiiyamaana = singing
parihaaraH = (m) compensation
parihaasa *= m. jesting , joking , laughing at , ridiculing , deriding ; a jest , joke , mirth ,
merriment MBh. Ka1v. &c. (cf. %{parI-h-}) ; %{-kathA} f. an amusing story Ragh. ; %{pura} n. N. of a town Ra1jat. ; %{-pUrvam} ind. jokingly , in jest Ragh. ; %{-vastu} n. an
object of jest (%{-stu-tA} f.) Pan5c. ; %{-vijalpita} mfn. uttered in jest S3ak. ; %{-vedin}
m. a jester , a witty person W. ; %{-zIla} mfn. of a gay or joyous disposition , fond of

jesting Var. Ka1v. ; %{-la-tA} f. Ratna7v. ; %{-hari} m. N. of a temple of Vishn2u Ra1jat.

pariihaasa *= m. = %{pari-h-} Ca1n2. ; %{-kezava} m. N. of a temple of Vishn2u Ra1jat.
; %{-kSama} mfn. able to deride or surpass Bhartr2. ; %{-zIla} mfn. = %{pari-hAsa-z-}
Ra1jat.
parihri = to abandon
parihUta: called together
pariikshate = to examine
pariikshaa = test * = f. inspection, investigation, examination, test, trial by ordeal of
various kinds (see 2. %{divya}) Mn. MBh. &c.; N. of wk.; %{-kSama} mfn. standing the
test Sarvad.; %{-tattva} n. %{-paddhati} f. N. of wks.; %{-kSA7rtha} mfn. wishing to try
or test A1past.
pariikshaka * = mfn. trying, examining W.; m. a prover, examiner, judge Ra1jat. Pan5c.
pariiNaama *= m. ( %{nam}) course or lapse of time R. (cf. %{pari-N-}).
pariita * = mfn. standing or moving round, surrounding MBh.; past, elapsed, expired R.;
surrounded, encompassed, filled, taken possession of, seized (with instr. or in comp.)
MBh. Ka1v. &c.; = %{viparI7ta}, inverted MBh.; w.r. for %{parItta} ib.; m. pl. N. of a
people VP.; %{-ta-tA} f. the being surrounded or filled L.; %{-tin} mfn. (ifc.) filled with,
seized by Sus3r.
parikalpa * = %{-pana} &c. see %{pari-klRp}, p. 592, col. 1.\\ m. i1llusion Buddh. ;

w.r. for %{-kampa}.

parikalpana * = n. fixing, settling, contriving, making, inventing, providing, dividing,
distributing ; (%{A}) f. making, forming, assuming (see %{rUpa-parik-}) ; reckoning,
calculation Var.
parikalpita * = mfn. settled, decided ; fixed upon, chosen, wished for, expected, made,
created, imagined, invented, contrived, arranged, distributed, divided (with %{khaNDazaH}, cut or broken in pieces) Mn. MBh. Ka1v. &c.
parikalpya * = mfn. to be settled &c. ; to be calculated Var.
parikaraH = attempt
parikara *= %{pari-karman} &c. see %{pari-kR} , col. 3. \\ mf(%{I})n. who or what
helps or assists W. ; m. (ifc. f. %{A}) attendants , followers , entourage , retinue , train
(sg. and pl.) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; multitude , abundance Bhartr2. Ba1lar. ; a girth , zone ,
waist-band , (esp.) a girdle to keep up a garment (%{-ram-bA4ndh} , or %{-raM-kR} ,
(`" to gird up one's loins , make preparations "' , and so %{pari-kara} = %{Arambha} L.)
Hariv. Ka1v. Ra1jat. &c. ; (in dram.) covert or indirect intimation of coming events in a
plot , the germ of the Bi1ja Das3ar. ; (in rhet.) a partic. figure in which many significant
epithets or adjectives are employed one after the other to give force to a statement Kpr.
Sa1h. &c. ; %{-zloka} Alam2ka1rav. ; discrimination , judgement L. ; %{-bandha} m. the
binding on of a girdle in order to begin any work MW. ; %{-bhUta} mfn. being
instrumental A1ryabh. Sch. ; %{-vijaya} m. N. of wk. ; %{-zloka} m. versus auxiliaris
Alam2ka1rav.

parikarman *= m. a servant , assistant L. ; n. attendance , worship , adoration BhP. ;

dressing , painting or perfuming the body (esp. after bathing) MBh. Ka1lid. ; cleansing ,
purification S3is3. ; preparation Katha1s. (cf. %{-kara}) ; arithmetical computation or
operation W. ; %{-makathA} f. prayer (?) DivyA7v. ; %{-mA7STaka} n. the 8
fundamental rules of arithmetic (viz. addition , subtraction , multiplication , division ,
finding the square , extracting the square root , finding the cube , extracting the cube
root) Col.
parikarmaya Nom. P. %{-yati} , to anoint , decorate , adorn Gi1t. ; to make ready
DivyA7v. ; %{-mita} mfn. arranged , prepared , put in order Var. Sarvad.
paarikaarmika *= m. (%{-karman}) one who takes charge of the lesser vessels or
utensils L.
parikarmin *= mfn. adorning , decorating W. ; m. an assistant , servant , slave S3rS.
Sus3r.
parikiirtitaH = is declared* = mfn. proclaimed, announced, boasted of, said, called ib
pariklishhTaM = grudgingly
parikhaa* = f. (once ibc. %{-kha} BhP.) a moat, ditch, trench or fosse round a town or
fort (also applied to the sea surrounding the earth) Mn. MBh. Ka1v. &c.; N. of a village in
the North country g. %{palady-Adi} (iv, 2, 110); %{-sthita} mfn. impregnable, secure
MBh. xii, 6250; %{-khI-kRta} mfn. made into a moat or ditch Ragh. i, 30.
parikhacita* =mfn. ( %{khac}) strewn or inlaid with (comp.) Ka1ran2d2.

parikhan* =(only ind. p. %{-khAya}), to dig round, dig up A1s3vGr2.

parikhaNDa* =see %{pari-SaNDa}.
parikhaNDana* =see %{mAna-parikh-}.
parikhaNDaya* =Nom. P. %{-yati}, to make small, break, conquer Ba1lar. Bhat2t2.
[592,3]
parikhAta* =mfn. dug round; m. a furrow, rut BhP.
parikheda* =m. (ifc. f. %{A}) lassitude, weariness, exhaustion MBh. Ka1v. &c.
parikhedita* =mfn. (fr. Caus.) afflicted, exhausted, ruined, destroyed Ka1v. BhP.
parikhid* =P. %{-khidyati}, to be depressed or afflicted, feel uneasy BhP.: Caus. %{khedayati}, to trouble, afflict, destroy ib. &c.
parikhinna* =mfn. depressed, afflicted, exhausted MBh. R. &c.
parikhyaa* =P. %{-khyAti} (Subj. %{-khyatam}, %{-khyan} RV.), to look round, look at,
perceive RV. &c. &c.; to observe, regard, consider MBh. R.; to overlook, disregard RV.:
Pass. %{-khyAyate}, to be perceived ChUp.
parikhyaa* =f. enumeration, computation, sum, total, number S3a1n3khS3r. Mn. MBh.
&c.; (in phil.) exhaustive enumeration (implying exclusion of any other), limitation to
that which is enumerated Jaim. Kull. on Mn. iii, 45; (in rhet.) special mention or
exclusive specification Kpr. Sa1h.

parikhyaana* =n. enumeration, total, a number MBh.; exclusive specification BhP.; a

correct judgment. proper estimate Ya1jn5. iii, 158.
parikhyaata* =mfn. regarded as, passing for (nom.); called, named; celebrated, famous
MBh. R.
parikhyaata* =mfn. reckoned up, enumerated, specified exclusively W.
parikhyAti* =f. fame, reputation W.
parikraanta * =f mfn. walked round, stepped upon, trod; n. the place stepped upon,
foot-steps, traces R.
parikri * = 1. P. %{-karoti} &c. (cf. %{pari-S-kR}) , to surround MBh. ; to uphold
DivyA7v.
parimaaNaH = (m) volume, size
parimaargitavyaM = has to be searched out
parimita = (adj) limited to, bounded, surrounded by
parimiti = (f) limits, boundary
parimlaana* = mfn. faded, withered Kv. BhP.; exhausted, languid MBh. [599, 3];
become thinner, emaciated Car.; disappeared, gone Vm. iv, 3, 8; n. change of
countenance by fear or grief W.; soil, stain ib.

parimris' * = P. . {-mRzati}, {-te} (pf. {-mamarza}; 3. pl. [RV.] {-mAmRzuH}; aor. {amRkSat}; ind. p. {-mRzya}), to touch, grasp, seize RV. &c. &c.; to examine, consider,
inquire into ib.; to observe, discover BhP.: Pass. {-mRzyate} (with {pavanais}), to be
touched i.e. fanned by the wind Sus'r.; to be considered MBh.: Intens. {-marmRzat}, to
encompass, clasp, embrace RV.
pariNaamaH = (m) effect, result
pariNaama *= m. change , alteration , transformation into (instr.) , development ,
evolution Sa1m2khyak. Yogas. Pur. Sus3r. ; ripeness , maturity Kir. Uttarar. Ma1lati1m.
; alteration of food , digestion Sus3r. Tarkas. ; withering , fading S3a1rn3gP. ; lapse (of
time) MBh. R. ; decline (of age) , growing old ib. Sus3r. ; result , consequence , issue ,
end (ibc. and %{-me} ind. finally , at last , in the end) Ka1v. ; (in rhet.) a figure of speech
by which the properties of any object are transferred to that with which it is compared
Kuval. ; N. of a holy man RTL. 269 ; %{-darzin} mfn. looking forward to the issue or
consequences (of any event) , prudent , fore-sighted MBh. ; %{-dRSTi} f. foresight ,
providence MW. ; %{-nirodha} m. obstruction (of felicity caused) by human vicissitude
(as birth , growth , death &c.) W. ; %{-pathya} mfn. suited to a future state or condition
ib. ; %{-mukha} mfn. tending or verging towards the end , about to terminate S3ak. ; %{ramaNIya} mfn. (a day) delightful at its close ib. ; %{-vat} mfn. having a natural
development (%{-ttva} n.) S3am2k. ; %{-vAda} m. the `" doctrine of evolution "' , the
Sa1m2khya doctrine Sarvad. ; %{-zUla} n. violent and painful indigestion Cat.
pariNaame = at the end
paripanthinau = stumbling blocks

paripaalaka *= mf(%{ikA})n. (cf. %{pAl}) guarding, keeping, maintaining Pur. ; taking

care of one's property SaddhP.
paripaalana *= n. the act of guarding &c. Vishn2. MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; fostering,
nourishing Pan5c. ; (%{A}) f. protection, care, nurture Ba1lar.
paripaalanIya *= mfn. to be guarded or preserved or kept or maintained Ka1d.
paripaalayitR *= mfn. protecting, defending S3am2k.
paripaalana = Protection
paripaalanaM = observance/governance
paripaalaya = please maintain and cultivate
pariplu* = m . {-plavate} (ind. p. {-plutya} MBh.; {-plUya} Pn. 6-4, 58), to swim or
float or hover about or through Br. &c. &c.; to revolve, move in a circle S'Br.; to move
restlessly, go astray Br.; to hasten forward or near MBh.: Caus. {-plAvayati} (ind. p. {plAvya}), to bathe, water MBh.
paripluta* = mfn. bathed, one who has bathed in (loc. or comp.) MBh.; flooded,
immersed, overwhelmed or visited by (instr. or comp.) MBh. Kv. &c.; n. a spring, jump
Var.; ({A}) f. spirituous liquor L.
pariplushtha* = mfn. ( {pluS}) burnt, scorched, singed
paripuurNa = full

pariprach *= P. A1. %{-pRcchati}, %{-te} (pf. %{-papraccha} ; fut. %{-prakSyati} ; ind.

p. %{-pRcchya} ; inf. %{-praSTum}), to interrogate or ask a person about anything, to
inquire about (with 2 acc. or with acc. of pers. and acc. with %{prati} loc. or gen. of
thing) MBh. Ka1v. &c.
pariprachchh.h = to enquire
pariprashnena = by submissive inquiries
parisaantv * = (also written %{zAntv}), Caus. %{-sAntvayati}, %{-te} (ind. p. %{sAntvya}), to console, comfort, conciliate MBh. R. Katha1s.
parisaantvana * = n. the act of consoling and c. ; pl. friendly words, flattering speech
Ka1d.
parisaantvita * = mfn. consoled, conciliated MBh. R. BhP.
parisarpaNa* = n. crawling upon (comp.) Mr2icch.; running to and fro, going or flying
about, constantly changing one's place A1s3vS3r. R. Mr2icch. BhP.; a kind of disease (=
%{-sarpaNa}) Sus3r.
parisatya * = n. the full or pure truth s'vS'r.
parisamapyate = end
paris'ankA* =f. suspicion, distrust Ja1takam.; hope, expectation R.
paris'ankanIya* =mfn. to be doubted or distrusted or feared or apprehended (n. impers.

`" distrust must be felt "') Ka1v. Pur.

paris'ankin* =mfn. fearing, apprehending Ragh.; afraid on account of (comp.) BhP.
paris'ankita* = mfn. suspicious, distrustful, afraid of (abl. or comp.) MBh. R. Pur.;
suspected, questionable MBh.; believed, expected (%{a-pariz-}) MBh.; thought to be,
taken for (nom ) Gi1t.
parishaantaa = that gives peace or solace
parishah * = ( {sah}) . {-Sahate} (impf. {pary-aSahata} or {-asahata}; fut. {parisoDhA} [Vop. {-SahitA}]; inf. {-soDhum} Pn. 8-3, 70 &c.; aor. {pary-asahiSTa}
Bhathth.), to sustain, bear up against (acc.): Caus. aor. {pary-asISahat} Pn. 8-3, 116.
parishaJj * = ( {saJj}) P. {-Sajati} Pn. 8-3, 63 Sch.; . {-sajjate}, to have one's mind
fixed on, be attached or devoted to MBh.: Desid. {-SiSaGkSati} Pn. 8-3, 64 Sch.
parishadvan * = mfn. surrounding, besetting RV.
parishaNDa * = m. or n. a partic. part of a house L.; ({A}) f. a valley (?) DivyA7v, (v.l. {khaNDa}).
paris'an'kin * = mfn. fearing, apprehending Ragh. ; afraid on account of (comp.) BhP.
paris'an'kita * = mfn. suspicious, distrustful, afraid of (abl. or comp.) MBh. R. Pur. ;
suspected, questionable MBh. ; believed, expected (%{a-pariz-}) MBh. ; thought to be,
taken for (nom ) Gi1t.

parishanna * = (!) mfn. lost or omitted AV.Paris'.

parishavaNa * = n. grasping, bunching together ib.
parishushhyati = is drying up
pariishtha * = m. an elder brother antecedently to whom the younger performs a Soma
sacrifice ib.
paris'rama * = m. fatigue, exertion, labour, fatiguing occupation, trouble, pain MBh.
Kv. &c.; {mA7paha} mfn. relieving weariness MW.
paris'raama m. fatiguing, occupation, trouble BhP.
paris'rita * = mfn. standing round MBh.; surrounded by (instr. or comp.) Katha1s. BhP.;
w.r. for %{-zruta} MBh.; n. (%{pa4ri-}) = %{pa4ri-vRta} n. (see under %{pari-} 1. %
{vR}) TS. Br. S3rGr2S.
parIshtha * = m. an elder brother antecedently to whom the younger performs a
SSoma ssacrifice ib. 2 see %{pari-yaj}, p. 599.
paris'ush * = P. A1. %{-zuSyati}, %{-te}, to be thoroughly dried up, to shrivel, wither (lit.
and fig.), pine, waste away MBh. Ka1v. &c.: Caus. %{-zoSayati} (Pass. %{-zoSyate}), to
dry up, emaciate Ka1v. Pan5c. Sus3r.
paris'ushka * = mfn. thoroughly dried or parched up, withered, shrivelled, shrunk (as a
vein), hollow (as the cheeks) &c. MBh. Ka1v. Var. Sus3r. ; (with %{mAMsa}) n. meat
fried in ghee dried and spiced L. ; %{-tAlu} mfn. having the palate dried up, R2it. ; %{-

palAza} mfn. having withered foliage R.

paritam * = P. %{-tAmyati}, to gasp for breath, be oppressed Sus3r.
paritaMs* = (only inf. of Caus. %{-taMsaya4dhyai}), to stir up RV.
paritan* = P. A1. %{-tanoti}, %{-nute} (aor. %{-atanat}; ind. p. %{-tatya}), to stretch
round, embrace, surround RV. S3Br. Ka1tyS3r.
paritaapa * = m. glow, scorching, heat Ka1lid. Ma1rkP. ; pain, agony, grief, sorrow R.
Katha1s. BhP. &c. ; repentance MBh. Pan5c. ; N. of a partic. hell L
paritosha = satisfaction *= m. (ifc. f. %{A}) = %{-tuSTi} ; (with loc. or gen.) delight in
Mn. MBh. &c. ; N. of a man Cat. ; %{-vat} mfn. satisfied, delighted Katha1s
parityakta = deprived of
parityaj.h = to sacrifice
parityajya = abandoning
parityaagaH = renunciation
parityaagii = renouncer
paritraaNaaya = for the deliverance
paritraata * = mfn. protected, saved, rescued, preserved Kv. Pur.; m. N. of a man L.

paritraatavya * = mfn. to be protected or defended or saved from (abl.) Vikr. Blar.

paritraatri * = mfn. protecting, a protector or defender (with gen. or acc.) MBh. R. Pac
parivaaraH = (m) relatives, family
parivartaka* = mfn. causing to turn round or flow back Kaths. MrkP.; bringing to an
end, concluding (gen. or comp.) MBh.; m. (in rhet.) the artificial separation of vowels
and consonants to get another meaning of a word Vm. iv, 1, 6; (in dram.) change of
occupation Bhar. Das'ar. Sh. exchange, barter Vas.; N. of a son of Duh-saha (son of
Mriityu) MrkP.; ({ikA}) f. contraction of the prepuce, phimosis Sus'r.
parivartana = Exchange of two signs* = mf({I})n. causing to turn round; ({I}) f. (with
{vidyA}) N. of a partic. magical art Kaths.; n. turning or whirling round, moving to and
fro (trans. and intrans.) Kv. Sus'r. Pac. BhP.; rolling about or wallowing on (comp.)
Klid.; revolution, end of a period of time MBh. Hariv.; barter, exchange Kaths. Pac.
Mriicch.; cutting or clipping the hair S'Br.; protecting, defending Nalac.; = {pre7raNa}
TBr. Sch.; inverting, taking or putting anything in a wrong direction W.; requital, return
ib.
parivartanaM = (n) transformation, change
parivartanam.h = (n) transformation, change
parivartanIya* = mfn. to be exchanged, capable of being exchanged Kull. on Mn. x, 94.
parivarta* = {-vartaka} &c. see {parivRt}, p. 601.

pari-varta* = m. revolving, revolution (of a planet &c.) Sryas.; a period or lapse or

expiration of time (esp. of a Yuga q.v.) MBh. R. &c.; (with {lokAnAm}) the end of the
world R.; a year L.; moving to and fro, stirring Prasannar.; turning back, flight L.;
change, exchange, barter (also {parI-v-}) Yj. MBh. Kv. &c.; requital, return W.; an
abode, spot, place Hariv.; a chapter, section, book &c. Lalit.; N. of a son of Doh-saha
(son of Mriityu) MrkP. [601,3]; of the Krma or 2nd incarnation of Vishnu (also {parIv-}) L.
parivartin.h = one that changes
pariveshhayati = to serve food
pariveshhTri = attendent parIvarta* = m. exchange, barter Hit. (v.l.); N. of the Krma or
2nd incarnation of Vishnu L. (cf. {pari-v-}). {-vartam} ind. ( {vRt}) in a circle, recurring,
repeatedly TndBr.
parivett *V= faulty because of being an usurper (zie paarivettr)
parivraajaka = wanderer
parivraaja* = (past.) m. a wandering mendicant, ascetic of the fourth and last religious
order (who has renounced the world).
parivri * = 1. P. A1. %{-varati}, %{-te}, (pf. %{-vavrur}, p. %{-vavRva4s} ; ind. p. %{vRtya}), to cover, surround, conceal, keep back, hem in RV. &c. &c.: Caus. %{-vArayati},
%{-te} (Pa1n2. 3-1, 87 Va1rtt. 16 Pat. [601,2] ; ind. p. %{-vArya}), to cover, surround,
encompass, embrace (%{bAhubhyAm}) AV. &c. &c.\\ 2. A1. %{-vRNIte}, to choose RV.

parivriddha * = mfn. grown, increased by (comp.), strong, powerful Hariv. Ka1v. &c. ;
%{-tA} f. increase, extension, the swelling and becoming sour of food (in the stomach)
Sus3r.
parivriddhi * = f. increase, growth A1past. MBh. Ka1v. &c.
parivrit * = A1. %{-vartate} (ep. also %{-ti} ; ind. p. %{-vRtya}, or %{parI-vartam}), to
turn round, revolve, move in a circle or to and fro, roll or wheel or wander about,
circumambulate (acc.) RV. &c. &c. ; (with %{hRdi} or %{hRdaye}) to run in a person's
mind MBh. ; to return, go or come back to (acc.) ib. ; to be reborn in (loc.) VP. ; (also
with %{anyathA}) to change, turn out different MBh. Ka1v. ; to abide, stay, remain Mn.
MBh. &c. ; to act, proceed, behave R.: Caus. %{-vartayati}, to cause to turn or move
round or back or to and fro MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; (A1.) to roll or bring near (Subj. %{vartayAte}) RV. v, 37, 3 ; to overthrow, upset (a carriage) Hariv. ; to invert, put in a
reverse order Mr2icch. v, 9/10 (read %{-vartya} for %{-vRtya}) ; to change, barter,
exchange MBh. Hariv. &c. ; to renew (an agreement) Mn. viii, 154 &c. ; to understand or
explain wrongly (words &c.) MBh. Ka1v. ; to turn topsyturvy i.e. search thoroughly R. ; to
destroy, annihilate ib. ; to straiten, contract Car. ; (A1.) to cause one's self to be turned
round (in having one's head shaved all round) TBr. S3Br. (cf. %{-vartana}): Intens. %{va4vartti}, to turn (intrans.) continually RV. i, 164, 11.
parivririta * = (%{pa4ri-}) mfn. id. Br. &c. &c. ; n. a covered place or shed enclosed
with walls used as a place of sacrifice S3Br. Ka1tyS3r. Gobh. ; (%{pa4rI}.) mfn. = prec.
mfn. RV. AV. AitBr. ; surrounding RV. ; filled by, full of (comp.) Cat.
parivritta * = mfn. (also %{-ka} g. %{RzyA7di}) turned, turned round, revolved, rolling,
moving to and fro MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; lasting, remaining S3ak. vii, 34 (v.l.) ; passed,

elapsed, finished, ended Hariv. ; = %{pari-vRta}, covered, surrounded L. ; retreated,

returned W. ; exchanged ib. ; n. rolling, wallowing MBh. (v.l. %{-tti}) Ma1lati1m. ; an
embrace MW. ; %{-tejas} mfn. spreading brilliance all around BhP. ; %{-nctra} mfn.
rolling the eyes R. ; %{-phalA} f. N. of a plant Gal. ; %{-bhAgya} mfn. whose fortune has
changed or is gone Ma1lati1m. ; %{-ttA7rdha-mukha} mf(%{I})n. having the face half
turned round Vikr.
30 parivRtti f. turning, rolling, revolution MBh. S3is3. ; return (into this world)
A1past. ; exchange, barter (%{-ttyA} ind. alternately) BhP. ; moving to and fro or staying
or dwelling in a place MBh. ; end, termination Kir. ; surrounding, encompassing ib. ; (in
rhet.) a kind of figure in which one thing is represented as exchanged with another (e.g.
Ma1lav. iii, 16 ; cf. Va1m. iv, 3, 16) ; substitution of one word for another without
affecting the sense (e.g. %{vRSa-lAJchana} for %{vRSadhvaja}) Kpr. ; contraction of the
prepuce, phimosis (= %{-vartikA}) Sus3r. ; m. w.r. for %{pari-vitti} ; (%{I}) f. (%{pa4riv-}), prob. w.r. for %{pari-vRktI}.
parivroti * = f. surrounding, standing round R.
parjanyaH = rain
parjanyaat.h = from rains
parjanya * = m. ( {pRc}, or {pRj} ?) a raincloud, cloud RV. &c. &c. [606, 2]; rain Bhag.
iii, 14; rain personified or the god of rain (often identified with Indra) RV. &c. &c.; N. of
one of the 12 dityas Hariv.; of a Deva-gandharva or Gandharva MBh. Hariv.; of a Riishi
in several Manv-antaras Hariv. MrkP.; of a Praj-pati (father of Hiranya-roman) VP.;
({-nyA} or {-nI}) f. Curcuma Aromatica or Xanthorrhiza L. [Cf. Goth. {fairguni}; Icel
{fi"rgyn}; Lith. {perku4nas}.]

parvan * = n. a knot, joint (esp. of a cane or other plant [cf. %{parus}], but also of the
body), limb, member (lit. and fig.) RV. &c. &c. ; a break, pause, division, section (esp. of
a book) S3Br. MBh. &c. ; the step of a staircase Ragh. ; a member of a compound Pra1t.
Nir. ; a period or fixed time RV. VS. S3Br. Gr2S3rS. ; (esp.) the Ca1turma1sya festival,
SrS. ; the days of the 4 changes of the moon (i.e. the full and change of the mmoon and
the 8th and 14th of each half-month) Gr2S3rS. Mn. MBh. &c. ; a sacrifice performed on
the occasion of a change of the moon R. ; the day of the moon's passing the node at its
opposition or conjunction Var. Su1ryas. MBh. &c. ; the moment of the sun's entering a
new sign W. ; any partic. period of the year (as the equinox, solstice &c.) ib. ; a division of
time e.g. a half-month (24 in a year) MBh. ; a day (360) BhP. ; a festival, holiday W. ;
opportunity, occasion ib. ; a moment, instant ib.
parvaNa * = m. N. of a demon MBh. ; (%{I}) f. the period of a change of the moon ib.
Hariv. ; a species of pot-herb (= %{parva-zAka}) Car. ; a partic. disease of the so-called
juncture or Sam2dhi of the eye Sus3r. (also %{-NI8kA}) ; ifc. = %{parvan}, a knot BhP.
parivri 1. P. A1. %{-varati}, %{-te}, (pf. %{-vavrur}, p. %{-vavRva4s} ; ind. p. %{vRtya}), to cover, surround, conceal, keep back, hem in RV. &c. &c.: Caus. %{-vArayati},
%{-te} (Pa1n2. 3-1, 87 Va1rtt. 16 Pat. [601,2] ; ind. p. %{-vArya}), to cover, surround,
encompass, embrace (%{bAhubhyAm}) AV. &c. &c. \\ 2. A1. %{-vRNIte}, to choose RV.
paryanta * =m. circuit, circumference, edge, limit, border; side, flank, extremity, end
TBr. MBh. Kv. &c. (ifc. `" bounded by "', `" extending as far as "' [f. {A}]; or ibc. `"
adjoining, neighbouring "'); ({am}) ind. entirely, altogether, S'ukas; (ifc.) to the end of,
as far as Kap.; {paryantAt paryantam}, from one end to the other Var.; ({e}) ind. at the
end Kaths.; mf({A})n. coming to an end with, being a match for Lalit.; extending in all
directions Hariv. (v.l. {pary-asta}).

pary-anta4-deza * =m. a neighbouring or adjacent district Hariv.

paryantI-kR * =to finish; {-kRta} mfn. finished DivyA7v.
paryantIya * =mfn. being at the end pS'r.
paryanya * =w.r. for {parjanya}. [607, 2]
paryaaNii * =paryANI * =( {nI}) P. {-Nayati} (but Impv. {pary-A7nayata} MBh. i, 5446),
to lead round S'Br. GriS. MBh.; to lead or bring forward RV. MBh.
paryantikaa * =paryantikA * =: f. loss of all good qualities, depravity L.
parye (%{-A-i}) P. %{-ai9ti} (ind. p. %{e4tya}), to roam about AitBr.; to go round,
circumambulate (acc.) S3Br.; to come back, return ChUp.
paryehi m. N. of a man; (%{I}) f. N. of a woman g. %{zArGgaravA7di}.
5 paryeshaNa n. search, inquiry, investigation MBh.; striving after Nya1yas.; (%{A}) f.
= %{parI7STi} Pa1n2. 3-3, 107 Va1rtt. 3 Pat.
6 paryeaNa &c. see %{parI7S}.
7 paryeshthavya mfn. to be sought MBh.; to be striven after Car.
8 paryeshthi f. searching for, inquiry SaddhP.; striving after worldly objects
Ja1takam.
9 paryetri m. subduer, conqueror RV.
10 paryetri %{pary-ehi} see 2. %{parI7}.
paroksha * = ({-ro4-}) mf({A})n. beyond the range of sight, invisible, absent, unknown,
unintelligible AV. &c. &c.; past, completed (in a partic. sense cf. below and Ks'. on Pn.

3-2, 115); (ibc.) in an invisible or imperceptible manner (cf. below); ({am}) ind. out of
sight, behind one's back, in the absence or without the knowledge of (instr.; later gen. or
comp.) S'Br. &c. &c.; ({eNa}) ind. out of sight, secretly, mysteriously Br. Up.; ({At}) ind.
secretly, without the knowledge of (instr.) Br. [589,2]; ({e}) ind. behind the back of
(gen.) Mriicch. Pac. &c.; one's self not being present Pn. 3-2, 115; m. an ascetic L.; N.
of a son of Anu BhP.; ({A}) f. (sc. {vRtti}) a past or completed action APrt.; (sc.
{vibhakti}) a termination of the perfect tense Kt.; N. of a river VP.; {-kAma} ({-kSa4-})
mfn. liking what is secret or mysterious S'Br.; {-kRta} mfn. (a hymn) in which a deity is
not addressed but only spoken of in the 3rd person Nir. vii, 1; {-jit} mfn. victorious in an
imperceptible manner BhP.; {-tA} f. (MBh.), {-tva} n. (Veda7ntas.) invisibility,
imperceptibility; {-pRSTha} m. a partic. Priishthhya S'rS.; {-priya} mfn. = {-kAma}
AitBr.; {-bandhu} ({paro7kSa-}) mfn. not clear in its relation MaitrS.; {-buddhi} mfn.
regarding as something distant, indifferent to, Jtakam.; {-bhoga} m. enjoyment or
possession of anything in the proprietor's absence W.; {-manmatha} mfn. inexperienced
in love S'ak.; {-vRtti} mfn. living out of sight Km.; formed in an obscure or indistinct
manner Nir. Sch.; {-kSA7rtha} mfn. having a secret or recondite meaning; n. an absent
or invisible object Hit.
paroksha *= (%{-ro4-}) mf(%{A})n. beyond the range of sight , invisible , absent ,
unknown , unintelligible AV. &c. &c. ; past , completed (in a partic. sense cf. below and
Ka1s3. on Pa1n2. 3-2 , 115) ; (ibc.) in an invisible or imperceptible manner (cf. below) ;
(%{am}) ind. out of sight , behind one's back , in the absence or without the knowledge of
(instr. ; later gen. or comp.) S3Br. &c. &c. ; (%{eNa}) ind. out of sight , secretly ,
mysteriously Br. Up. ; (%{At}) ind. secretly , without the knowledge of (instr.) Br. [589,2]
; (%{e}) ind. behind the back of (gen.) Mr2icch. Pan5c. &c. ; one's self not being present
Pa1n2. 3-2 , 115 ; m. an ascetic L. ; N. of a son of Anu BhP. ; (%{A}) f. (sc. %{vRtti}) a
past or completed action APra1t. ; (sc. %{vibhakti}) a termination of the perfect tense

Ka1t. ; N. of a river VP. ; %{-kAma} (%{-kSa4-}) mfn. liking what is secret or mysterious
S3Br. ; %{-kRta} mfn. (a hymn) in which a deity is not addressed but only spoken of in
the 3rd person Nir. vii , 1 ; %{-jit} mfn. victorious in an imperceptible manner BhP. ; %{tA} f. (MBh.) , %{-tva} n. (Veda7ntas.) invisibility , imperceptibility ; %{-pRSTha} m. a
partic. Pr2isht2hya S3rS. ; %{-priya} mfn. = %{-kAma} AitBr. ; %{-bandhu} (%
{paro7kSa-}) mfn. not clear in its relation MaitrS. ; %{-buddhi} mfn. regarding as
something distant , indifferent to , Ja1takam. ; %{-bhoga} m. enjoyment or possession of
anything in the proprietor's absence W. ; %{-manmatha} mfn. inexperienced in love
S3ak. ; %{-vRtti} mfn. living out of sight Ka1m. ; formed in an obscure or indistinct
manner Nir. Sch. ; %{-kSA7rtha} mfn. having a secret or recondite meaning ; n. an
absent or invisible object Hit.
paroksham V* = without being seen; SB 4.29.54; unknown; SB 4.29.59; indirectly; SB
5.14.11;without the knowledge of the demigods; SB 6.9.3; privately; SB 10.21.3;
confidential; SB 11.21.29-30; indirect explanation; SB 11.21.35; invisible; CC Adi 4.176
paropakaara = benefitting others (para-upakAra)
paropakaaraaya = (Dative S) for helping others or for doing good to others
paropadeshe = (Loc.S) in advising others
parNa = leaf
parNakuTii = (f) a thatched hut
parNaani = the leaves

parnashala = place for performing sacrifices

parus n. a joint or knot (esp. of a cane or reed, orig. `" fullness "' i.e. the full or thick
part of the stalk), a limb or member of the body RV. AV. VS. S3Br. ; a part or portion
RV. TS. TBr. ; Grewia Asiatica L.
parusha = (adj) rough * = paruSa mf(%{A})n. (older f. %{pa4ruSNI}) knotty (as
reed) AV. ; spotted, variegated, dirty-coloured RV. &c. &c. ; hard, stiff, rugged, rough,
uneven, shaggy MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; intertwined with creepers (as a tree) Katha1s. [606,1] ;
piercing, keen, sharp, violent, harsh, severe, unkind ib. (%{am} ind.) ; m. a reed AV. ; an
arrow S3a1n3khS3r. La1t2y. ; Grewia Asiatica or Xylocarpus Granatum L. ; (%
{paru4Sa}) m. N. of a demon Suparn2. ; (%{A}) f. a kind of riddle MW. ; (%{-SNI}) f. N.
of one of the rivers of the Panja1b now called Ra1vi1 RV. ; n. harsh and contumelious
speech, abuse MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; the fruit of Grewia Asiatica or Xylocarpus Granatum L. ;
a species of Barleria with blue flowers L.
parva * = in comp. for {-van}.
parva-kAla * =m. a periodic change of the moon R. MrkP.; the time at which the moon
at its conjunction or opposition passes through the node MBh. Var.; {-nirNaya} m. N. of
wk.; {-rAzi} m. time for festivals Jyot.
parva-divasa * =m. the day of a periodic change of the moon Hcat.
parva-dhi * =m. `" period-container "', the moon L.
parva-nAdI * =f. `" moment of the Parvan "', moment of opposition or conjunction MW.

parvaka * =n. the knee-joint L.

paryaacar * = P. %{-ca4rati}, to come near, approach RV. AV.
paryanka = a bed* m. (also {paly-} Pn. 8-2, 22) a bed, couch, sofa, litter, palanquin
KaushUp. MBh. Kv. &c. (also {-kikA} f. Kd.; {-kI-kRta} mfn. turned into a couch Gt.);
a partic. mode of sitting on the ground (a squatting position assumed by ascetics and
Buddhists in meditation) Buddh. (cf. below); a cloth wound round the back and loins and
knees while so sitting L.; N. of a mountain (son of Vindhya) L.
paryanta * = circuit, circumference, edge, limit, border; side, flank, extremity, end TBr.
MBh. Kv. &c. (ifc. `" bounded by "', `" extending as far as "' [f. {A}]; or ibc. `"
adjoining, neighbouring "'); ({am}) ind. entirely, altogether, S'ukas; (ifc.) to the end of,
as far as Kap.; {paryantAt paryantam}, from one end to the other Var.; ({e}) ind. at the
end Kaths.; mf({A})n. coming to an end with, being a match for Lalit.; extending in all
directions Hariv. (v.l. {pary-asta}).
pary-an * =P. {pary-aniti} Pn. 8-4, 20 Vrtt. 1 Pat.
pary-anta4 * =m. circuit, circumference, edge, limit, border; side, flank, extremity, end
TBr. MBh. Kv. &c. (ifc. `" bounded by "', `" extending as far as "' [f. {A}]; or ibc. `"
adjoining, neighbouring "'); ({am}) ind. entirely, altogether, S'ukas; (ifc.) to the end of,
as far as Kap.; {paryantAt paryantam}, from one end to the other Var.; ({e}) ind. at the
end Kaths.; mf({A})n. coming to an end with, being a match for Lalit.; extending in all
directions Hariv. (v.l. {pary-asta}).
paryantI-kR * =to finish; {-kRta} mfn. finished DivyA7v.

paryantIya * =mfn. being at the end pS'r.

paryanya * =w.r. for {parjanya}. [607, 2]
pary-Antam * =ind. (prob.) w.r. for {pary-antam}, as far as, up to (comp.) past.
paryantikA * =f. loss of all good qualities, depravity L.
paryantaM = including
paryaaptaM = limited
paryaavaraNam.h = (n) environment
paryupaasate = worship perfectly
paryushhitaM = decomposed
parvata = mountain *= mfn. (fr. %{parvan} cf. Pa1n2. 5-2, 122 Va1rtt. 10 Pat.) knotty,
rugged (said of mountains) RV. AV. (according to A1pS3r. Sch. = %{parutka}, %{parvavat}) ; m. a mountain, mountain-range, height, hill, rock (often personified ; ifc. f. %{A})
RV. &c. &c. ; an artificial mound or heap (of grain, salt, silver, gold &c. presented to
Bra1hmans cf. %{-dAna}) ; the number 7 (from the 7 principal mountain-ranges)
Su1ryas. ; a fragment of rock, a stone (%{adrayaH@parvatAH}, the stones for pressing
Soma) RV. ; a (mountain-like) cloud ib. (cf. Naigh. i, 10) ; a tree L. ; a species of pot-herb
L. ; a species of fish (Silurus Pabda) L. ; N. of a Vasu Hariv. ; of a R2ishi (associated with
Na1rada and messenger of the gods, supposed author of RV. viii, 12 ; ix, 104, 105, where
he has the patr. Ka1n2va and Ka1s3yapa) MBh. Katha1s. ; of a son of Paurn2ama1sa (son

of Mari1ci and Sambhu1ti) Ma1rkP. ; of a minister of king Puru1-ravas Vikr. ; of a

monkey R. ; of one of the 10 religious orders founded by Sam2kara7ca1rya's pupils
(whose members add the word %{parvata} to their names) W. ; (%{I4}) f. a rock, stone
VS.
parvaNa * =m. N. of a demon MBh.; ({I}) f. the period of a change of the moon ib.
Hariv.; a species of pot-herb (= {parva-zAka}) Car.; a partic. disease of the so-called
juncture or Sandhi of the eye Sus'r. (also {-NI8kA}); ifc. = {parvan}, a knot BhP.
parvataasana = the mountain posture
pashchaat.h = later
pashchaaddhanta = later on in the end
pashchima = west, the back of the body
pashchimottoanaasana = the back-stretching posture
pashu = animal
pashubhiH = (instr.pl.) animals
pas'upati * = m. `" lord of animals "' (or `" llord of a servant named Pas'u "' or `"
llord of the soul "' RTL. 89)N. of the later Rudra-S'iva or of a similar deity (often
associated in the Veda with Bhava, S'arva, Ugra, Rudra, Mah-deva, s'na and others
who together with Bhima are in later times regarded as manifestations of Rudra) AV. &c.
&c.; of Agni "' TS. S'Br.; of S'iva MBh. &c. (according to one legend every deity

acknowledged himself to be a mere {pazu} or animal when entreating Siva to destroy the
Asura Tri-pura); of a lexicographer; of a Scholiast &c.; {-dhara} m. N. of a poet Cat.; {nagara} n. `" S'iva's town "'N. of Ks' or Benares ib.; {-nAtha} m. N. of a partic. form of
Siva W.; {-purANa} n. (prob.) = S'ivaP.; {-zarman} m. N. of a man Cat.; {-zAsTra} n. the
sacred book of the Ps'upatas revealed by S'iva Col.; {-tI7zvara-nAhAtmya} and {-tyaskTaka} n. N. of wks.
pazya * = mf(%{A})n. seeing, beholding, rightly understanding Up. (cf. Pa1n2. 4-1,
137).
pas'yat* = mf({antI})n. seeing, beholding &c.; ({antI}) f. a harlot L.; N. of a partic. sound
L.
pas'yatohara* = mfn. stealing before a persos eyes Pn. 6-3, 21 Vrtt. 1 Pat.
pas'yata* = mfn. visible, conspicuous AV.
pas'yanA* = f. see {a-pazyanA}.
pas'ya* = mf({A})n. seeing, beholding, rightly understanding Up. (cf. Pn. 4-1, 137).
pas'ya = see (from dRish.h)
pas'yataH = for the introspective
pas'yati = sees
pas'yan.h = seeing

pas'yanti = see
pas'yannapi = even after seeing
pas'yaatmaanaM = see your own self
pas'yaama = we see
pas'yaami = I see
pas'yet.h = see
pashyemaakshabhiH = May we see through the eyes
pashyemaakshabhiryajatraaH = may we see with eyes?
pataga = Bird
patangaaH = moths
patana = falling
patanti = fall down
pataye = husband
patati = (1 pp) to fall

patatra *= n. a wing , pinion , feather &c. RV. &c. &c. ; a vehicle L. (cf. %{pattra}).
patatrin.h = bird
pathagriham.h = (n) a tent path.h = to read
pathanaM = reading
pathhaniiyaa = should be read
pathaami = read
pathitvaa = after reading
pathet.h = may read
pat.h = to fall
patha * = m. (n. L.; ifc. f. {A}) woven cloth, cloth, a blanket, garment, veil, screen MBh.
Kv. &c. (cf. {marut-}, {vAta-}); a painted piece of cloth, a picture Yj. Kd.; monastic
habit Krand.; a kind of bird Lalit.; Buchanania Latifolia L.; = {puras-kRta} L.; ({I}) f. a
narrow piece of cloth, the hem or edge of a garment Blar. Hcar.; the curtain of a stage
L. (cf. {apaTI}); n. a thatch or roof (= {paTala}) L.
patha* = * = m. a way, path, road, course, reach MBh. Kv. &c. (generally ifc. for
{pathin}; cf. Pn. 5-4, 74).
pathaha * m. (rarely n. or f. ) a kettledrum, a war-drum, drum, tabor (acc. with {dA}, or

Caus. of {dA} or {bhram}, to proclaim anything by the sound of a drum) MBh. Kv. &c.
[579, 2]; m. beginning L.; hurting L.
pathaka* = m. cotton-cloth L.; a camp, encampment L.; the half of a village L. (v.l. for
{pAT-}).
pathaaka* = m. a bird Un. iv, 14 Sch. (cf. {paiT-}); ({A}) f. a flag, banner L. (cf.
{patAkA}).
path.h = road
pathha* = m. reading, recitation (? see comp.); N. of a serpent-demon MBh.
pataka* = mfn. who or what falls or descends &c.; m. an astronomical table W.
pataaka* = m. (`" flying "'), a flag or banner (perhaps incorrect for {-kA}) AdbhBr.; a
partic. position of the hand or the fingers in shooting off an arrow, SrngP. (cf. {tri-p-});
({A}) f. see next.
pataakaa* = f. (ifc. f. {A}) a flag, pennon, banner, sign, emblem Br. MBh. Kv. &c. ({kAM-labh} or {hR}, `" to win the palm "' Das'. Vcar.) [581,2]; a flag-staff L.; a partic.
high number MBh. (= {mahA-padma} Nlak.); (in dram.) an episode or episodical
incident Das'ar.; good fortune, auspiciousness L.; N. of wk.
pathha * = m. reading, recitation (? see comp.) ; N. of a serpent-demon MBh.
patha * = m. a way, path, road, course, reach MBh. Ka1v. &c. (generally ifc. for %
{pathin} ; cf. Pa1n2. 5-4, 74).

pathi = on the path

pathika = traveller
pathya = suitable
pati = husband
pathi*= f. a kind of cloth Pac. (cf. {paTI} under {paTa}); = {vAguli} L.; a species of
plant L.
pathi*= see under {paTa}, col. 1.
paththis'a *= m. a spear with a sharp edge or some other weapon with three points
pa4ti*= 1 m. (cf. 1. {vat}; when uncompounded and meaning `" husband "' instr.
{pa4tya}; dat. {pa4tye}; gen. abl. {pa4tyur}; loc. {pa4tyau}; but when meaning `" lord,
master "', and ifc. regularly inflected with exceptions; cf. Pn. 1-4, 8; 9) a master, owner,
possessor, lord, ruler, sovereign RV. &c. &c.; a husband ib. (in comp. either with the
stem or with the gen., e.g. {duhitR-p-} or {-tuH-p-} Pn. 6-3, 24; when mfn. f. = m. e.g.
{-jIvat-patyA tvayA} R. ii, 24, 8, or {patikA} e.g. {pramIta-patikA} Mn. ix, 68); one of the
2 entities (with {pAzupata4s}) RTL. 89; a root L.; f. a female possessor, mistress Pn. 41, 33 Sch.; a wife ({vRddha-p-} = {-patnI}, the wwife of an old man ib. 34 Sch.) [Cf. Gk.
$, `" husband "'; &178937[582, 1] Lat. {potis}, {pos-sum} for {potis-sum}; Lith. {patis},
`" husband "'; Goth. ({bruth-}) {faths}, `" bridegroom "']
pathya* = mfn. `" belonging to the way "', suitable, fit, proper, wholesome, salutary (lit.
and fig.; esp. said of diet in a medical sense) Ya1jn5. MBh. Sus3r. &c.; containing

elements or leading forms, regular, normal La1t2y. Nid.; m. Terminalia Chebula or

Citrina L.; N. of a teacher of AV.; (%{A4}) f. a path, way, road (with %{reva4tI}, `" the
auspicious path, personified as a deity of happiness and welfare) RV. TS. Br.; Terminalia
Chebula or Citrina and other plants L.; N. of sev. metres Nid. Col.; N. of a woman
Katha1s.; n. a species of salt L.
paththa *= m. (fr. %{pattra}?) a slab , tablet (for painting or writing upon) MBh. ;
(esp.) a copper plate for inscribing royal grants or orders (cf. %{tAmra-}) ; the flat or
level surface of anything (cf. %{lalATa-} , %{zilA-}) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; a bandage , ligature
, strip , fillet (of cloth , leather &c.) MBh. Sus3r. ; a frontlet , turban (5 kinds , viz. those
of kings , queens , princes , generals , and the %{prasAda-paTTas} , or turban of honour
[579,3] ; cf. VarBr2S. xlix) , tiara , diadem MBh. Ka1v. Ra1jat. (ifc. f. %{A}) ; cloth (= %
{paTa}) ; coloured or fine cloth , woven silk (= %{kauzeya}) Ka1v. Pan5c. (cf. %{cIna-p-}
, %{paTTA7Mzuka} &c.) ; an upper or outer garment Bhat2t2. ; a place where 4 roads
meet (= %{catuS-patha}) L. ; Corchorus Olitorius W. ; = %{vidUSaka} Gal. ; N. of sev.
men Ra1jat. ; (%{I}) f. a forehead ornament L. ; a horse's food-receptacle (= %{tAlasAraka}) L. ; a species of Lodhra L. ; a city , town (cf. %{-nivasana}).
patitaM = fallen (past part.)
patireka = He is the One Lord
pattanam.h = (n) town, city
patni = wife
patnii = wife

patra = leaf
patraM = a leaf
patrakaaraH = (m) journalist
patrapeTikaa = (m) letter-box
patram.h = (n) a letter, note
patravaahaH = (m) postman
patraalayam.h = (n) post office
patrikaa = (f) newspaper, magazine
paTTa * = m. (fr. {pattra}?) a slab, tablet (for painting or writing upon) MBh.; (esp.) a
copper plate for inscribing royal grants or orders (cf. {tAmra-}); the flat or level surface
of anything (cf. {lalATa-}, {zilA-}) MBh. Kv. &c.; a bandage, ligature, strip, fillet (of
cloth, leather &c.) MBh. Sus'r.; a frontlet, turban (5 kinds, viz. those of kings, queens,
princes, generals, and the {prasAda-paTTas}, or turban of honour [579, 3]; cf. VarBriS.
xlix), tiara, diadem MBh. Kv. Rjat. (ifc. f. {A}); cloth (= {paTa}); coloured or fine
cloth, woven silk (= {kauzeya}) Kv. Pac. (cf. {cIna-p-}, {paTTA7Mzuka} &c.); an upper
or outer garment Bhathth.; a place where 4 roads meet (= {catuS-patha}) L.; Corchorus
Olitorius W.; = {vidUSaka} Gal.; N. of sev. men Rjat.; ({I}) f. a forehead ornament L.; a
horse's food-receptacle (= {tAla-sAraka}) L.; a species of Lodhra L.; a city, town (cf. {nivasana}).

patu = (adj) skilled, clever

paulastya = ravaNa
pau.nDraM = the conch named Paundra
pauNDraka* = m. the pale straw-coloured species of sugar-cane Bhpr.; a prince or (pl.)
the people of the Paundras Mn. MBh. Hariv. Pur.; N. of a partic. mixed caste of
hereditary sugar-boilers (the son of a Vais'ya by a woman of the distiller class, regarded
as one of the degraded races of Kshatriyas) Mn. x, 44; n. (as mfn. ifc.) a sectarian mark
patyuH = Lord's
pautra = (m) grandson (sos son)
pautraaH = grandsons
pautraan.h = grandsons
pautri = (f) granddaughter (sos daughter)
paura = (masc) townsman
paurusha * = 1 mf(%{I})n. (fr. %{puruSa}) manly , human S3Br. MBh. &c. ; belonging
or sacred to Purusha RPra1t. Mn. MBh. &c. ; = %{puruSa-dvayasa} , %{-daghna} or %{mAtra} Pa1n2. 5-2 , 37 ; 38 ; m. a weight or load which can be carried by one man Mn.
viii , 404 (Kull.) ; N. of a Ra1kshasa VP. (v.l. %{pauruSeya}) ; (%{I}) f. a woman
S3a1n3khS3r. ; a period of 3 hours (= %{yAma}) HParis3. ; n. manhood , virility (opp. to

%{strItva}) R. ; manliness , manly strength or courage or deed , valour , heroism MBh.

Ka1v. &c. ; force (opp. to %{buddhi} , `" intellect "') Katha1s. ; a man's length VarBr2S. ;
a generation A1s3vS3r. Ma1rkP. ; semen virile L. ; the penis Sus3r. ; a sun-dial L. \\ 2
Vr2iddhi form of %{puruSa} in comp.
paurusheya * = mf(%{I})n. relating to or derived from or made by man , human RV.
VS. AV. Br. MBh. [651,3] ; coming from the soul , spiritual Kap. Sch. ; m. a hireling ,
day-labourer SaddhP. ; = %{samUha} , %{vadha} or %{puruSasya@padA7ntaram} (?)
L. ; N. of a Ra1kshasa BhP. ; n. human action , the work of man AV.
paurushha = manliness, virility, courage, effort
paurushhaM = ability
paurva* = 1 mf({I})n. (fr. {pUrva}) relating or belonging to the past; relating to the east,
eastern W.
paurva* = 2 Vriiddhi form of {pUrva} in comp
paurvadehikaM = from the previous body
pavataaM = of all that purifies
pavana * = m. `" purifier "', wind or the god of wind, breeze, air (ifc. f. {A}) MBh. Kv.
&c.; vital air, breath Sus'r. Sarvad.; the regent of the Nakshatra Svti and the north-west
region Var.; N. of the number 5 (from the 5 vital airs) ib.; a householder's sacred fire
Hr.; a species of grass L.; N. of a son of Manu Uttama BhP.; of a mountain ib.; of a
country in Bharata-kshetra W.; ({I}) f. a broom L.; the wild citron-tree L. (v.l. {pacanI});

N. of a river VP.; n. or m. purification, winnowing of corn L.; a potter's kiln, S'riingr.; n.

an instrument for purifying grain &c., sieve, strainer AV. s'vGri.; blowing Kan.; water
L.; mfn. clean, pure L.
pavana = breeze
pavanaH = air/breath
pavanamuktaasana = the knee squeeze posture
pavita* = mfn. purified, cleansed W.; n. black pepper L.
pavitrakIrti* = mfn. of spotless renown Dhrtas.
pavitratA* = f. purity, cleanness MrkP. Rjat.
pavitratva* = n. id. Uttarar. Hcat.; the being a means of purification Kthh. TndBr.
pavitrayoni* = mfn. of spotless origin, Pac
pavitraratha* = ({vi4tra-}) mfn. having the strainer as a chariot (Soma) RV.
pavitraka* = m. a small sieve or strainer KtyS'r. (see also under {pavitra}); m. Poa
Cynosuroides L.; Artemisia Indica L.; Ficus Religiosa or Glomerata L.
pavitraya* = Nom. P {-yati}, to cleanse, purify, render happy Kaths. S'atr. Pacad.
pavitra* = n. a means of purification, filter, strainer, straining-cloth &c. (made of thread

or hair or straw, for clarifying fruits, esp. the Soma) RV. &c. &c.; Kus'a grass (esp. two
KKus'a leaves for holding offerings or for sprinkling and purifying ghee &c.) S'Br.
KtyS'r. Mn. &c. (ifc. also {ko} see {sa-pavitraka}), a ring of KKus'a grass worn on the
fourth finger on partic. occasions W.; a purifying prayer or Mantra Mn. Yj. MBh.; a
means of purifying or clearing the mind RV. iii, 26, 8; 31, 6 &c.; melted butter L.; honey
L.; water L.; rain or rubbing ({varSaNa} or {gharSaNa}) L.; copper L.; the vessel in
which the Argha is presented L. (ifc. {-ka} MrkP.); the Brhmanical cord (cf. {trA7ropaNs}); N. of Vishnu (also {ppresented pavintrANAm}) MBh. (cf RTL. 106); of
S'iva ib.; (with {AdityAnAm} and {devAnAm}) N. of Smans ArshBr.; a kind of metre
Col.; m. N. of a partic. Soma-sacrifice belonging to the Rjasya TndBr. Sch. S'rS.;
Sesamum Indicum L.; Nageia Putranjiva L.; N. of a man g. {azvA7di}; of an ngirasa
(the supposed author of RV. ix, 67; 73; 83; 107) RAnukr.; (pl.) N. of a class of deities in
the 14th Manv-antara, Pur; ({A}) f. N. of sev. plants (basil, saffron, the small Pippala tree
&c.) L.; of sev. rivers MBh. Pur.; the 12th day of the light half of S'ravana (a festival in
honour of Vishnu) W.; mf({A})n. purifying, averting evil, pure, holy, sacred, sinless,
beneficent Mn. MBh. &c.
pavitraM = sanctified
paaya V*= get, obtain
paaya *= water
payas.h = water
payas * = n. (1. {pI}) any fluid or juice, (esp.) milk, water, rain; semen virile, (met.) vital
spirit, power, strength RV. &c. &c.; a species of Andropogon Bhpr.; N. of a Sman S'rS.;

of a Virj RPrt.; night Naigh. i, 7.

payoda = cloud (one who gives water)1 =* mf(%{A})n. milk-giving (as a cow) Hariv.;
yielding water (as a cloud) Subh.; m. a cloud Ka1lid. Var. &c. (%{-suhRd} m. `" friend of
clouds "', a peacock Sa1h.); N. of a son of Yadu Hariv.; (%{A}) f. N. of one of the Ma1tr2is
attending on Skanda MBh.
payodhara = cloud
payodhi = (m) sea, ocean
payodhii = sea (one that stores water)
pedabhaila = (m) a father who loves his son very much
peya = should be drunk
peSa * = pounding, grinding (ifc.) Baudh. (cf. {zilA-p-}); m. the act of pounding or
grinding or crushing S'is'. (cf. {piSTa-p-}).
pes'a* =m. ( {piz}) an architect, carpenter(?) RV. i, 92, 5; vii, 34, 11; ornament,
decoration AitBr. BhP. (cf. {puru-} and {su-}; g. {gaurA7di} and {sidhmA7di}); ({I}) f.
see below.
pes'ala * = mf({A})n. (g. {sidhmA7di}) artificially formed, adorned, decorated VS. TBr.;
beautiful, charming, lovely, pleasant MBh. Kv. &c.; soft, tender, delicate, Kalid.; expert,
skilful, clever Bhartri.; fraudulent, crafty L.; ({am}) ind. tenderly, delicately Kaths.; m.
N. of Vishnu, V.; n. charm, grace, beauty, loveliness BhP.

pes'askrit * = m. the hand (as `" the artist "') BhP.; a wasp ib.
phaalguna * = mf({I4})n. relating to the Nakshatra Phalgun S'Br. S'rS.; born under the
NNakshatra PhPhalgun Pn. 4-3, 34 (v.l.); m. (with or scil. {mAsa}) the month
during which the full moon stands in the NNakshatra PhPhalgun (February-March)
Mn. MBh.; N. of Arjuna (= {phalguna}) MBh. Hariv.; Terminalia Arjuna (= {nadI-ja})
L.; ({I}) f. see below; n. a species of grass used as a substitute for the Soma plant (and
also called {arjunAnI}) S'Br. TBr. s'vS'r. [718, 2]; N. of a place of pilgrimage BhP.
phaaT ind. an interjection of calling W.
phaTaaTopa = (m) expanding of the hood by a cobra
phaNin.h = snake
phal.h = to bear fruit
phala = fruit
phalaM = results
phalakaH = (m) board, blackboard, bill-board
phaladaa = giver of fruits (rewards, results )
phaladiipika = A classical work on Astrology by Mantreswara
phalahetavaH = those desiring fruitive results

phalaakaankshii = desiring fruitive results

phalaani = results
phalaanumeyaaH = fruits resembling actions
phale = in the result
phaleshhu = in the fruits
phalgu* = mf({U84}, or {vI})n. reddish, red TS.; small, minute, feeble, weak, pithless,
unsubstantial, insignificant, worthless, unprofitable, useless VS. &c. &c.; f. Ficus
Oppositifolia L.; a red powder usually of the root of wild ginger (coloured with sappan
wood and thrown over one another by the Hinds at the Hol festival; cf. {phalgU7tsava})
W.; the spring season L.; (scil. {vAc}) a falsehood lie L.; N. of a river flowing Past Gay
MBh. Hariv.; du. (in astrol.) N. of a Nakshatra.
phalguna * = mf({I})n. reddish, red VS. TS.; born under the Nakshatra Phalgun Pn. 43, 34; m. N. of a man ({-svAmin} m. a temple built by PhPhalgun) Rjat.; the month
Phlguna L.; N. of Arjuna L.; ({I}) f. see below.
phalaiH = results
phaT *= ind. (onom.) crack! VS. AV. TA1r. (also a mystical syllable used in
incantation).
phat *= ind., an interjection (in %{phat-kR}, prob. w.r. for %{phuT-kR}).

phulla = open, flowered

phenaH = (m) foam
phenakam.h = (n) soap
piidita = mfn. squeezed, pressed Mn. MBh. &c.; hurt, injured, afflicted, distressed,
troubled, badly off ib.; covered, eclipsed, obscured Var.; laid waste W.; bound, tied ib.;
suppressed; badly pronounced, APrt.; ({am}) ind. closely R.; n. damage Gaut.;
harassment, annoyance MBh. (v.l. {pIDana}); a kind of coitus L.
piiva *= 1 mfn. fat RV. AitBr. ; (%{A}) f. water L. \\ 2 Nom. P. %{-vati}, to be fat or
corpulent Dha1tup. xv, 55.\\ 3 in comp.= %{pI4vas}
piiy *= cl. r.P. %{pI4yati} , to blame , abuse , revile , scoff , deride RV. AV. Nir. iv , 25 ;
to gladden
pi.nDe = truncated or lump of a body or rice/flourball given in oblation
pikaH = cuckoo
pingalaa = the channel on the right of the spine
pichchham.h = (n) feather
piJNcha = the chin, feather
piJNjaH = (m) an electirc switch

piDaa = pain
piNDa = morsel of food * =. (rarely n.) any round or roundish mass or heap, a ball,
globe, knob, button, clod, lump, piece (cf. {ayaH-}., {mAMsa-} &c.) RV. (only i, 162, 19
and here applied to lumps of flesh) TS. S'Br. &c. &c.; a roundish lump of food, a bite,
morsel, mouthful; (esp.) a ball of rice or flour &c. offered to the Pitriis or deceased
ancestors, a S'rddha oblation (RTL. 293; 298-310) GriS'rS. Mn. MBh. &c.; food, daily
bread, livelihood, subsistence MBh. Kv. &c.; any solid mass or material object, the
body, bodily frame Ragh. S'ank. Vajracch.; the calf of the leg Mlatm. v, 16; the flower
of a China rose L.; a portico or partic. part of a house L.; power, force, an army L.; m.
(du.) the fleshy parts of the shoulder situated above the collar-bone MBh.; (du.) the two
projections of an elephant's frontal sinus L.; the embryo in an early stage of gestation L.;
a partic. kind of incense Var. (`" myrrh "' or `" olibanum "' L.); meat, flesh L.; alms
Mlatm. (cf. {-pAta} below); Vangueriya Spinosa L.; quantity, collection L.; (in arithm.)
sum, total amount; (in astron.) a sine expressed in numbers; (in music) a sound, tone; N.
of a man g. {naDA7di}; n. (L.) iron; steel; fresh butter; ({A}) f. a kind of musk L.; ({I}) f.
see 1. {piNDI}.
pis'aaca * = m. (ifc. f. {A}) N. of a class of demons (possibly so called either from their
fondness for flesh [{piza} for {pizita}] or from their yellowish appearance; they were
perhaps originally a personification of the ignis fatuus; they are mentioned in the Veda
along with Asuras and Rkshasas see also Mn. xii, 44; in later times they are the children
of Krodh cf. IW. 276); a fiend, ogre, demon, imp, malevolent or devilish being AV. &c.
&c. (ifc. `" a devil of a - "' Kd.); N. of a Rakshas R.; ({A}) f. N. of a daughter of Daksha
and mother of the Pis'cas VP.; ({I}) f. a female PPis'cas, a she-devil AV. &c. &c. (also
ifc. = m.); excessive fondness for (ifc.; e.g. {Ayudha-p-}, eexcessive ffondness for
fighting) Blar. Anarghar.; a species of Valerian L.; N. of a Yogini Hcat.

pitaH = (m) father

pitaraH = fathers
pitaa = father
pitaamaha = (m) grandfather (father's father)
pitaamahaH = the grandfather
pitaamahaaH = grandfathers
pitaamahaan.h = grandfathers
pitaamahi = (f) grandmother (father's mother)
pitaambara = yellow sacred clean cloth worn by gods and priest
pithha* = m. pain, distress W.
piithha* = n. (rarely , f.; possibly corrupted fr. {pi-sad}, to sit upon) a stool, seat, chair,
bench, GriS'. MBh. &c.; a religious student's seat (made properly of Kus'a grass) W.;
case, pedestal (esp. of an idol) Rjat. Var. Sch.; royal seat, throne RmatUp.; place,
office (cf. {pIThA7dhikAra}); N. of various temples (erected on the 5 1 spots where the
limbs of Prvat fell after she had been cut to pieces by the discus of Vishnu) L.; a
district, province Pac.; a partic. posture in sitting Cat.; (in geom.) the complement of a
segment Col.; m. a kind of fish L.; the sun Gal.; N. of an Asura MBh.; of a minister of
Kansa Hariv.

piitha* = 1 m. a drink, draught (cf. {go-p-}, {surA-p-}, {soma-p-}); n. water L.; melted
butter
pitri = father
pitrihuu * = mfn. invoking the PPitris; f. (sc. %{dvAr}) N. of the southern aperture of
the human body i.e. the right ear BhP. (cf. %{deva-hU}).
pitrihuuya * = n. invoking or summoning the Pitr2is S3Br.
pitri-kaaraka = Significator of Father which is the Sun
pitrin.h = fathers
pitrivrataaH = worshipers of ancestors
pitriiNaaM = of the ancestors
pitriin.h = to the ancestors
piteva = like a father
pitta = Biological Fire humour. Used in Ayurvedic Medical Typology
pidadhaati = to close
pidhaana *= n. (m. g. %{ardharcA7di}) covering, stopping, shutting, closing Ma1lav.
Sa1h. ; a cover, lid, sheath &c. MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; (%{-vat} mfn. covered with a lid Ra1jat.)

; a partic. process to which quicksilver is subjected Sarvad. ; (%{I}) f. a cover, lid L.

pidhaanam.h = (n) cork
pidhaaya *= ind. having covered Amar.
pidhaayaka *= mf(%{ikA})n. covering, hiding, concealing (%{-tA} f.), Veda7ntas.
pidhitsu *= mfn. wishing to cover conceal
pipaasaa = thirst
pipaasita = thirsty
pipiilikaa = ant
pib.h = to drink
piba.ntu = (Vr.Imp.III P Pl.PP) let them drink
pibati = (1 pp) to drink
pibet.h = (Verb. Imp. III P.S.PP) may one drink
pihitapatram.h = (n) an envelope
piiTha = sitting base

piiDana = harrasment
piiDayati = (10 up) to oppress
piiDayaa = by torture
piiDaaya* = Nom. . {-yate}, to feel pain, be uneasy Snkhyak. Sch.
piiDa* = m. n. in {tila-p-}, {triNa-p-}.
piitha (Yoga encyclopedia) * ("seat") is sometimes used synonymously for *sana. The
term can also refer to a sacred site (*trtha), such as a temple, or a special locus of
spiritual energy (*shakti) within the *body, corresponding to a *cakra. For instance, the
*Laghu-Yoga-Vsishtha (VI.2.100f.) speaks of the thirty-six trthas in the body in which
*God should be worshiped.\\Moreover, in one of its several classification systems,
*Shaiva *Tantrism employs the term ptha to denote a certain type of scripture (see
*gama), analogous to the categories of *mnya and *srota. There are four such pthas,
namely vidy-, mantra-, mudr-, and mandala-ptha. While the scriptures of a
particular class deal chiefly with the subject matter indicated by the name of their
category (such as *mantras or *mandalas), each scripture covers all the important
*Tantric principles.
piithha* = n. (rarely , f.; possibly corrupted fr. {pi-sad}, to sit upon) a stool, seat, chair,
bench, GriS'. MBh. &c.; a religious student's seat (made properly of Kus'a grass) W.;
case, pedestal (esp. of an idol) Rjat. Var. Sch.; royal seat, throne RmatUp.; place,
office (cf. {pIThA7dhikAra}); N. of various temples (erected on the 5 1 spots where the
limbs of Prvat fell after she had been cut to pieces by the discus of Vishnu) L.; a

district, province Pac.; a partic. posture in sitting Cat.; (in geom.) the complement of a
segment Col.; m. a kind of fish L.; the sun Gal.; N. of an Asura MBh.; of a minister of
Kansa Hariv.
piitha* = 1 m. a drink, draught (cf. {go-p-}, {surA-p-}, {soma-p-}); n. water L.; melted
butter L. \\* = 2 m. id. (see {go-p-}).
piiDA* = f. pain, suffering, annoyance, harm, injury, violation, damage ({ayA} ind. with
pain i.e. unwillingly) Mn. MBh. &c.; devastation (cf. {pIDana}) W.; restriction, limitation
KtyS'r. Sch.; obscuration, eclipse (of a planet cf. {graha-p-}) Var.; pity, compassion L.;
a chaplet or garland for the head L. (cf. {ApIDa}); Pinus Longifolia L.; a basket L.; w.r.
for {pITha}.
piiDita = Distress. Usually caused by Combust position of planet* = mfn. squeezed,
pressed Mn. MBh. &c.; hurt, injured, afflicted, distressed, troubled, badly off ib.;
covered, eclipsed, obscured Var.; laid waste W.; bound, tied ib.; suppressed; badly
pronounced, APrt.; ({am}) ind. closely R.; n. damage Gaut.; harassment, annoyance
MBh. (v.l. {pIDana}); a kind of coitus L.
piinaH = (m) something you suck on
piita = yellow *= 1 mfn. (1. %{pA}) drunk , sucked , sipped , quaffed , imbibed RV. &c.
&c. ; ifc. having drunk , soaked , steeped , saturated , filled with (also with instr.) Mn.
MBh. (cf. g. %{AhitA7gny-Adi}) ; n. drinking L.\\ 2 mf(%{A})n. (possibly fr. 2. %{pi} or
%{pyai} , the colour of butter ind oil being yellowish) yellow (the colour of the Vais3yas ,
white being that of the Bra1hmans , red that of the Kshatriyas , and black that of the
S3u1dras) Gr2S. Up. MBh. &c. ; m. yellow colour W. ; a yyellow gem , topaz L. ; a

yyellow pigment prepared from the urine of kine L. ; N. of sev. plants (Alangium
Hexapetalum , Carthamus Tinctorius , Trophis Aspera) L. ; of the Vais3yas in
S3a1lmala-dvipa VP. ; (%{A}) f. N. of sev. plants (Curcuma Longa and Aromatica , a
species of Dalbergia Sissoo , a species of Musa , Aconitum Ferox , Panicuni Italicum = %
{mahA-jyotihmatI}) L. ; a kind of yyellow pigment (= %{go-rocanA}) L. ; a mystical N.
of the letter %{S} Up. ; n. a yyellow substance ChUp. ; gold L. ; yyellow orpiment L.
piitavaasasam.h = wearing the yellow dress
pishtha *= 1 mfn. (for 2. see %{piS}) fashioned, prepared, decorated (superl. %{-tama})
RV. AV. VS. ; n. = %{rUpa} Naigh. iii, 7.\\ 2 piSTa 2 mfn. (for 1. see above) crushed,
ground &c. RV. &c. &c. ; clasped, squeezed, rubbed together (as the hands) W. ; kneaded
ib. ; m. a cake, pastry L. ; N. of a man g. %{zivA7di} ; pl. his descendants g. %{upakA7di}
; (%{I}) f. see s.v. ; n. flour, meal, anything ground (%{na@pinaSTi@piSTam}, `" he
does not grind flour "' i.e. he does no useless work) BhP. ; lead L.
pithha* = m. pain, distress W.
pIva * = 1 mfn. fat RV. AitBr.; (%{A}) f. water L.\\ 2 Nom. P. %{-vati}, to be fat or
corpulent Dha1tup. xv, 55.\\ 3 in comp.= %{pI4vas}.
pkasha = (masc) wing
pluta * = mfn. floated, floating or swimming in (loc.), bathed, overflowed, submerged,
covered or filled with (instr. or comp.) Yj. MBh. R. &c.; protracted, prolated or
lengthened (as a vowel) to 3 Mtrs (q.v.) Prt. Pn. 1-2, 27 esp. S'rS. &c. (also said of a
kind of measure Cat.) [715, 3]; flown R.; leaped, leaping MBh. Hariv.; n. a flood, deluge

(pl.) Hariv.; leaping, moving by leaps MBh. R. Vcar.; capering (one of a horse's paces) L.
poshasya V: - maintainer of -, sustainer ofpothalikaa = (f) a sack
potaka = young one of an animalpraak.h = a long time ago
praa-bhava * = n. (fr. {-bhu}) superiority L.
praabhava * = &c. see under 3. {prA} ib.
praacurya * = n. (fr. {-cura}) multitude, abundance, plenty Bdar. Rjat. Pacat.;
amplitude, prolixity TPrt. Sch.; prevalence, currency S'ank. Rjat.; ({eNa}) ind. in a
mass, fully, mostly MrkP.; in detail BhP.
praachii = (f) east
praachiinam.h = (adj) old, ancient
pra+chal.h = to agitate
praacurya *= n. (fr. %{-cura}) multitude , abundance , plenty Ba1dar. Ra1jat. Pan5cat. ;
amplitude , prolixity TPra1t. Sch. ; prevalence , currency S3am2k. Ra1jat. ; (%{eNa})
ind. in a mass , fully , mostly Ma1rkP. ; in detail BhP.
praadhaanyataH = which are principal

praadur *= ind. (prob. fr. %{prA} = %{pra} + %{dur}, `" out of doors "' ; %{prA-du4s}
g. %{svar-Adi} ; %{-duS} before %{k} and %{p} Pa1n2. 8-3, 41 ; %{-duH@SyAt}, %
{Santi} for %{syAt}, %{santi}, 87) forth, to view or light, in sight AV. &c. &c. (with %{as},
or %{bhU}, to become manifest, be visible or audible, appear, arise, exist ; with %{kR},
to make visible or manifest, cause to appear, reveal, disclose).
praagalbhya = development, depth, maturity
praaGYa = wise man
praaGYaH = the learned man
praaja* = mf({A} and {I}) (fr. {jJA}) intellectual (opp. to {zArIra}, {taijasa}) S'Br. Nir.
MndUp.; intelligent, wise, clever KathhUp. Mn. MBh. &c.; m. a wise or learned man
MBh. Kv. &c.; intelligence dependent on individuality Veda7ntas.; a kind of parrot with
red stripes on the neck and wings L.; ({A}) f. intelligence, understanding L.; ({I}) f. the
wife of a learned man L.; {-kathA} f. a story about a wise man MW.; {-tA} f. (Mis.), {-tva}
n. (Veda7ntas.) wisdom, learning, intelligence; {-bhUta-nAtha}, m.N. of a poet Cat.; {mAna} m. respect for learned men W.; {-mAnin} (S'ank.), {-m-mAniG} (Kaths.), {vAdika} (MBh.). mfn. thinking one's self wise.
praaha = told
praahuH = they say
praac (praak)* = mfn. (fr. %{pra} + 2. %{aJc} ; nom. %{prA4G} , %{prA4cI} , %
{prA4k} ; cf. Pa1n2. 6-1 , 182) directed furwards or towards , being in front , facing ,
opposite RV. VS. AV. Mn. (acc. with %{kR} , to bring , procure , offer RV. ; to stretch

forth [the fingers] ib. ; to make straight , prepare or clear [a path] ib. ; [also with %{pra-}
%{tir} , or - %{ni}] to advance , promote , further ib. ; with Caus. of %{klRp} , to face ,
turn opposite to Mn. vii , 189) ; turned eastward , eastern , easterly (opp. to %{a4pAc} ,
western) RV. &c. &c. ; being to the east of (abl.) Mn. ii , 21 ; running from west to east ,
taken lengthwise Ka1tyS3r. ; (with %{vizvataH}) turned to all directions RV. ; inclined ,
willing ib. ; lasting , long (as life) AV. ; (esp. ibc. ; cf. below) previous , prior , former ; (%
{praJcas}) , m.pl. the people of the east , eastern people or grammarians Pa1n2. i , 1 , 75
&c. ; (%{prA4cI}) f. (with or scil. %{diz}) the east S3Br. MBh. &c. ; the post to which an
elephant is tied L. ; (%{prA4k} ; %{prAG} La1t2y. Ka1tyS3r.) ind. before (in place or in
order or time ; as prep. with abl. [cf. Pa1n2. 2-1 , 11 12] , rarely with gen. ; also in comp.
with its subst. Pa1n2. ib.) S3rS. Up. MBh. &c. ; in the east , to the east of (abl.) RV.
La1t2y. ; before the eyes Hit. i , 76 ; at first , formerly , previously , already Mn. MBh. &c.
; (with %{eva}) , a short while ago , recently , just S3ak. ; still more so , how much more
(= %{kim-uta}) Buddh. ; above , in the former part (of a book) Mn. Pa1n2. ; first , in the
first place , above all Katha1s. Ma1rkP. ; from now , henceforth Var. ; up to , as far as
(with abl. ; esp. in gram. , e. g. %{prAk@kaDArAt} , up to the word %{kaDAra} Pa1n2. 21 , 3) ; between (= %{avA7ntare}) L. ; early in the morning L. ; w.r. for %{drAk} MBh. ;
(%{prAcA4}) ind. forwards , onwards RV. ; eastwards ib. ; (%{prAca4s}) ind. from the
front ib.
praaNjalayaH = with folded hands
praakritaH = materialistic
praaktanaaH = earlier ones?
praalamba* = mf({I})n. hanging down R.; m. a kind of pearl ornament L.; the female

breast L.; a species of gourd L.; n. (?) a garland hanging down to the breast Ragh. (also
{-baka}, n. and {-bikA} f. L.)
praalamba* = {prAleya} &c. see under 3. {prA}, p. 702, col. 2.
praamaaNyaM = proof
praaN.h = life
praaNa = Soul * = 2 m. (ifc. f. %{A}; for 1. see under %{prA}, p. 701) the breath of life,
breath, respiration spirit vitality; pl. life RV. &c. &c. (%{prA7NAn} with %{muc} or %
{hA} or %{pari-} %{tyaj}, `" to resign or quit life "'; with %{rakS}, `" to save llife "'; with
%{ni-han}, `" to destroy llife "'; %{tvam@me@prA7NaH} "', thou art to me as dear as
llife "'; often ifc.; cf. %{pati-}, %{mA7na-pr-}); a vital organ vital air (3 in number, viz.
%{prA7Na}, %{apA7na} and %{vyAna} AitBr. TUp. Sus3r.; usually 5, viz. the preceding
with %{sam-Ana} and, %{yd-Ana} S3Br. MBh. Sus3r. &c. cf. MWB. 242; or with the
other vital organs 6 S3Br.; or 7 AV. Br. Mun2d2Up.; or 9 AV. TS. Br.; or 10 S3Br.; pl. the
5 organs of vitality or sensation, viz. %{prA7Na}, %{vAc}, %{cakSus}, %{zrotra}, %
{manas}, collectively ChUp. ii, 7, i; or = nose, mouth, eyes and ears GopBr. S3rS. Mn. iv,
143); air inhaled, wind AV. S3Br. [705,2]; breath (as a sign of strength). vigour, energy,
power MBh. R. &c. (%{sarvaprA7Nena} or %{-prA7NaiH}, `" with all one's strength "'
or, all one's heart "'; cf. %{yathA-prA7Nam}); a breath (as a measure of time, or the
ttime requisite for the pronunciation of 10 long syllables = 1/6 Vina1d2ika1) Var.
Aryabh. VP.; N. of a Kalpa (the 6th day in the light half of Brahma1's month) Pur.; (in
Sa1m2khya) the spirit (= %{puruSa}) Tattvas.; (in Veda7nts) the spirit identified with the
totality of dreaming spirits Veda7ntas. RTL. 35 (cf. %{prANA7tman}); poetical
inspiration W.; myrrh L.; a N. of the letter %{y} Up.; of a Sa1man Ta1n2d2Br. (%

{vasiSThasya@prA7NA7pA7nau} A1rshBr.); of Brahma1 L.; of Vishn2u RTL. 106; of a

Vasu BhP.; of a son of the Vasu Dhara Hariv.; of a Marut Ya1jn5. Sch.; of a son of
Dha1tr2i Pur.; of a son of Vidha1tr2i BhP.; of a R2ishi in the 2nd Manv-antara Hariv.
prahi *= 1 P. A1. %{-hiNoti} , %{-hiNute}: %{-hiNvati} , %{-hiNvate} (cf. Pa1n2. 8-4 , 15
; pf. %{-jighAya} KaushUp. ; 1.sg. pr. A1. %{-hiSe} RV. ; Aor.p. %{prA74hait} AV. ;
Impv. %{pra4-hela} RV. ; inf %{pra-hye4} ib.) , to urge on , incite RV. ; to direct ,
command La1t2y. KaushUp. [701,1] ; to convey or send to , furnish , procure. bestow on
(dat.) RV. &c. &c. ; to hurl , cast , throw upon , discharge at (dat. or loc ) Ka1v. Pur. ; to
turn the eyes towards (acc.) Ka1d. ; to dispatch (messengers) , drive away , dismiss , send
to (acc. with.or without %{prati} dat. gen. with or without %{antikam} or %{pArzvam})
or in order to (dat. or inf.) RV. &c. &c. ; (A1.) to rush on RV. ; to forsake (= %{pra}. 3. %
{hA}) BhP.: Caus. aor. %{prA7jIhayat} Pat.: Desid. of Caus. %{pra-jighAyayiSati} ib.
praaNaa * = m. destruction of life, killing, slaughter MBh. R. &c. (with Buddhists one of
the 10 sins Dharmas.)
praaNaM = the air which acts outward
praaNakarmaaNi = functions of the life breath
praaNavaayu = a vital air that moves in the chest
praaNaan.h = life (always used in plural )
praaNaapaanau = up-and down-moving air
praaNaayaama = control of the breath

praaNaayana* = n. (for 2. see below) an organ of sense BhP.\\praaNaayana* = 2 m. (for

1. see under {prA7Na}) the offspring of the vital airs VS. (cf. g. {naDA7di}).
praaNinaaM = of all living entities
praaNe = in the air going outward
praaNes'a * = m. `" lord of llife "', a husband Sa1h.; `" lord of breath "'N. of a Marut
Ya1jn5. Sch.; (%{A}) f. a mistress, wife Katha1s.
praaNes'vara * = m. `" lord of llife "', a husband, lover MBh. Ka1v. Hit.; a partic.
drug Cat.; pl. the vital spirits personified Hariv.; (%{I}) f. a mistress, wife Inscr.
praaNeshvara = husband
praaNeshhu = in the outgoing air
praanta = the end
praap *= (%{pra-Ap}) P. A1. %{prA7pnoti} (irreg. Pot. %{prA7peyam}), to attain to;
reach, arrive at, meet with, find AV. &c. &c.; to obtain, receive (also as a husband or
wife) MBh. Ka1v. &c.; to incur (a fine) Mn. viii, 225; to suffer (capital punishment) ib.
364; (with %{dizaH}) to flee in all directions Bhat2t2.; to extend, stretch, reach to (%{A})
Pa1n2. 5-2, 8; to be present or at hand AV.; (in gram.) to pass or be changed into (acc.)
Siddh.: to result (from a rule), be in force, obtain (also Pass.) Ka1s3.: Caus. %
{prA7payati}, %{-te} (ind. p. %{prA7payya}, or %{prA7pya} Pa1n2. 6-4, 57 Sch.), to
cause to reach or attain (2 acc.), advance, promote, further (P. ChUp. MBh. &c.; A1. TBr.
MBh.); to lead or bring to (dat.) VP.; to impart, communicate, announce, relate Mn.

MBh. &c.; to meet with, obtain R.: Desid. %{pre7psati}, to try to attain, strive to reach
S3Br.
praap.h = to obtain
praapta = occurred
praaptaM = received
praaptaH = achieving
praaptiH = achievement
praapnuyaat.h = he attains
praapnuvanti = achieve
praapya = achieving
praapyate = is achieved
praapsyasi = you gain
praapsye = I shall gain
praaraMbhaaH = (Masc.nom.S)beginning
praarabhate = begins

praarambha = beginning (more motivated than aarambha)

praarth.h = to beg / pray
praarthanaa = Prayer
praarthayante = pray for
praarthe = request, pray
praasa *= m. casting, throwing Br. S3rS. ; scattering, sprinkling Prata1p. ; a barbed
missile or dart MBh. Katha1s. ; a partic. constellation or position of a planet Var. ; N. of a
man Ra1jat. ; %{-bhArata} n. N. of a poem [709,3] ; %{-saka} m. a die, dice L. ; %{-sika}
mfn. armed with a dart or javelin Pa1n2. 4-4, 57 Sch. ; m. a spearman L.
praasaada = palace * = m. (for {pra-s-} lit. `" sitting forward "', sitting on a seat in a
conspicuous place; cf. Pn. 6-3, 122) a lofty seat or platform for spectators, terrace
S'nkhS'r. Mn.; the top-story of a lofty building Kd.; a lofty palatial mansion
(approached by steps), palace, temple AdbhBr. MBh. Kv. &c.; (with Buddhists) the
monks "' hall for assembly and confession MWB. 426.
praataH = morning
praataHkaala = morning
praataradhiiyaano = morning-studied man
praati* = f. filling (= {pUrti}) L.; the span of the thumb and forefinger. L. \\2 (for 1. see

under {prA}), Vriiddhi or lengthened form of 1. {prati} in comp. In the following

derivatives formed with 2. {prAti} only the second member of the simple compound from
which they come is given in the parentheses (leaving the preposition {prati}, which is
lenghened to {prAti} in the derivatives, to be supplied). [706, 3]
praatIpa* = m. (fr. %{pratIpa}) patr. of S3am2-tanu MBh
praatipada* = mf({I}) n. (fr. {-pad}) forming the commencement S'nkhS'r.; m. N. of a
man S'atr.
praavaarakam.h = (n) coat
praavara * =m. (for 1. see under 3. {prA}. p. 702, col. 3) an enclosure, fence (cf. {mahIpr-}) L.
praavAra * m. id. MBh. Km. Mriicch. (also {-ka}); N. of a district (= {-varaka}) MBh.;
mfn. found in outer garments or cloaks Kv.; {-karNa} m. `" Cloak-Ear "'N. of an owl
MBh.; {-kITa} m. `" clothes-insect "' = {kuNa} L.; a louse W.; {-rika} m. a maker of
cloaks R.; {-rIya} P. {-yati}, to use as a clcloaks Pn. 3-1, 10 Sch.
praavis' *= (%{pra-A-viz}) P. %{-vizati} , to come or resort to (acc.) S3a1n3khS3r.:
Caus. %{-vezayati} , to let or lead in (loc.) MBh. Das3
praavraajya* = n. (fr. {-vrAj}) the life of a religious mendicant, vagrancy MBh. (w.r. {vrajya}) MrkP.
praavrit *= (%{prA} m. c. for %{pra}), Caus. %{-vartayati}, to produce, create MBh.
Hariv.

praavrita *= mfn. covered, enclosed, screened, hid in (instr. or comp.) RV. &c. &c.; put
on (as a garment) Hcar. Katha1s. Hit.; filled with (instr.) R.; m. n. a veil, mantle,
wrapper L.; n. covering, concealing Gaut.; (%{A}) f. a veil, mantle Shad2vBr.
praavriT *= in comp. for %{prAvRS}.
praavrithkaala* = m. the rainy season Var. Pacat.; {-vaha} mf({A})n. (a river) flowing
only in the rainy season MrkP.
praavriti *= f. an enclosure, fence, hedge L.; (with S3aivas) spiritual darkness (one of the
4 consequences of Ma1ya1) Sarvad.
praaya * = m. (fr. {pra} + {aya}; 5. {i}) going forth, starting (for a battle) RV. ii, 18, 8;
course, race AV. iv, 25, 2; departure from life, seeking death by fasting (as a religious or
penitentiary act, or to enforce compliance with a demand; acc. with {As}, {upa-As},
{upa-viz}, {upa-i}, {A-sthA}, {sam-A-sthA}, or {kR}, to renounce life, sit down and fast to
death; with Caus. of {kR}, to force any one [acc.] to seek death through starvation) MBh.
Kv. &c.; anything prominent, chief part, largest portion, plenty, majority, general rule
(often ifc., with f. {A} = chiefly consisting of or destined for or furnished with, rich or
abounding in, frequently practising or applying or using; near, like, resembling; mostly,
well-nigh, almost, as it were; cf. {Arya-}, {jita-}, {jJAti-}, {tRNa-}, {daNDa-}, {duHkha}, {siddhi-pr-} &c.; also {-tA} f.) S'Br. Lthy. Mn. MBh. &c.; a stage of life, age L.; ({am})
ind. g. {gotrA7di}.
praayaa* = to come near, approach
praayaNa* = mfn. going forth, going VS.; n. entrance, beginning, commencement TS.

Br. Up.; the course or path of life MBh. BhP.; going for protection, taking refuge BhP.;
departure from life, death, voluntary ddeparture ({-NaM-kR}, to court ddeparture)
Mn. ix, 323; a kind of food prepared with milk Pur.
praayas * = 1 ind. (for 2. see below) for the most part, mostly, commonly, as a general
rule MBh. Ka1v. &c.; in all probability, likely, perhaps MBh.; abundantly, largely W.
praayas'as * = ind. for the most part , mostly , generally ; as a rule MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; in
all probability Katha1s.
praayas'citta n. (%{prA4yaz-}; `" predominant thought "' or `" thought of death "' cf.
Pa1n2. 6-1, 157 Sch.) atonement, expiation, amends, satisfaction S3Br. Gr2S3rS. Mn.
MBh. (v, 1086 as m.) &c.; N. of sev. wks.; mfn. relating to atonement or expiation,
expiatory Shad2vBr.; %{-kadamba} m. or n. %{-kamalA7kara} m. %{-kalpataru} m. %{kANDa} m. or n. %{-kArikA} f. %{-kautUhala} n. %{-kaumudI} f. %{-krama} m. %{khaNDa} m. or n. %{-grantha} m. %{-candrikA} f. %{-cintAmaNi} m. %{-tattva} n. %{taraMga} (?) m. %{-dIpikA} f. %{-nirUpaNa} n. %{-nirNaya} m. %{-paddhati} f. %{parAzara} m. or n. %{-pArijAta} m. %{-prakaraNa} n. %{-prakAza} m. %{pratyAmnAya} m. %{-pradIpa} m. %{-pradIpikA} f. %{-prayoga} m. %{-bhASya} n. %{maJjarI} f. %{-manohara} m. %{-mayUkha} m. %{-mAdhavIya} n. %{-mArtaNDa} m.
%{-muktA7valI} f. %{-muktA7valI-prakAza} m. %{-ratna} n. %{-ratna-mAlA} f. %{rahasya} n. %{-vAridhi} n. %{-vidhAna} n. %{-vidhi} m. %{-vinirNaya} m. %{-viveka} m.
%{-viveko7ddyota} m. %{-vyavasthA-saMkSepa} m. %{-zakti} f. %{-zata-dvayI} f. (or %
{-zata-dvayI-prA7yazcitta} n.), %{-zekhara} m. %{-zrauta-sUtra}, n. %{-saMkalpa} m. %
{-saMgraha} m. %{-samuccaya} m. %{-sAra} m. %{-sAra-kaumudI} f. %{-sArasaMgraha} m. %{-sArA7vali} f. %{-sudhAnidhi} m. %{-subodhinI} [708,2]; f. %{-sUtra}
n. %{-setu} m. %{-sthAna} n. %{-hemA7dri} m. %{-ttA7NDa-bilA} f. %{-ttA7di-godAna}

n. %{-ttA7di-saMgraha} m. %{-ttA7dhikAra} m. %{-ttA7dhyAya} m. %{-ttA7dhyAyabhASya} n. %{-ttA7parA7rka} m. N. of wks.; %{-ttA7huti} f. an expiatory sacrifice Br.
A1s3vS3r.; %{-tte7ndu-zekhara} m. and %{-ra-sAra-saMgraha} m. N. of wks.; %{tte7STi}. f. = %{-ttA7huti} Gr2S3rS.; %{-tte7STi-candrikA} f. %{-tto7ddyota} m. %{ttau9gha-sAra} m. N. of wks.
praayeNa * = ind. mostly, generally, as a rule S3rS. Mn. R. &c.; most probably, likely
Hit. (cf. %{prA7yazas} and 1. %{prA7yas}).
praayeNa* = see under %{prA7ya} above.
praayojakaH = (m) sponsor
prabhava * = &c. see under {pra-bhU}.
pra-bhAva * = &c. see {pra-bhU}.
pra-bhava4 * = mfn. prominent, excelling, distinguished RV.; m. production, source,
origin, cause of existence (as father or mother, also `" the Creator "'), birthplace (often
ifc., with f. {A}, springing or rising or derived from, belonging to) Up. Mn. MBh. &c.;
might, power (= {pra-bhAva}) L.; N. of a Sdhya Hariv.; of Vishnu A.; of sev. men
HParis'.; N. of the first or 35th year in a 60 years "' cycle of Jupiter Var.; {-prabhu} and
{-svAmin} m. (with Jainas) N. of one of the 6 S'ruta-kevalins L.
pra-bhaava * = m. (ifc. f. {A}) might, power, majesty, dignity, strength, efficacy Mn.
MBh. &c. ({-veNa}, {-vAt} and {-vatas} ind. by means or in consequence of, through, by)
[684, 3]; supernatural power Klid.; splendour, beauty MBh. R.; tranquillizing,
conciliation (?) L.; N. of the chapters of the Rasikapriy Cat.; N. of a son of Manu Sva-

rocis MrkP.; {-ja} mfn. proceeding from conscious majesty or power W.; {-tva} n.
power, strength Km.; {-vat} mfn. powerful, strong, mighty MBh. Kaths.
prabhavaM = origin, opulences
prabhavaH = the source of manifestation
prabhavati = is manifest
prabhavanti = become manifest
prabhavasya = of borned
prabhavaan.h = born of
prabhavishhNu = developing
prabhavaiH = born of
prabhaa = light
prabAdhaka mfn. (ifc.) pressing back, keeping away Sus3r.; refusing MW.
2 prabAdhana n. keeping off, keeping at a distance MBh. Ma1rkP.; pressing hard
upon, tormenting, paining MBh. (also %{A} f. Ja1takam.); refusing, denying MW.
prabhaasa* = M. `" splendour "', `" beauty "'N. of a Vasu MBh.; of a being attendant on
Skanda ib.; of a deity under the 8th Manu MrkP.; (with Jainas) of one of the 11
Gana7dhipas L.; of a son of a minister of Candraprabha king of Madra Kaths.; (pl.) N.

of a race of Riishis MBh.; m. or n. N. of a celebrated place of pilgrimage on the west

coast of the Dekhan near Dvrak MBh. Kv. &c. (also {-kSetra} n. {-kSetra-tIrtha} n. {deza} m.); {-kSetra-tIrtha-yAtrA7nukrama} m. {-kSetra-mAhAtmya} n. {-khaNDa} m.
or n. and {-se7zvara-mAhAtmya} n. N. of wks. [684,2]
prabhaasha* = m. declaration, doctrine Hariv. (Nlak.); w.r. for {-bhAsa}.
prabhaata = morning
prabhaava m. (ifc. f. %{A}) might, power, majesty, dignity, strength, efficacy Mn. MBh.
&c. (%{-veNa}, %{-vAt} and %{-vatas} ind. by means or in consequence of, through, by)
[684,3]; supernatural power Ka1lid.; splendour, beauty MBh. R.; tranquillizing,
conciliation (?) L.; N. of the chapters of the Rasikapriya1 Cat.; N. of a son of Manu Svarocis Ma1rkP.; %{-ja} mfn. proceeding from conscious majesty or power W.; %{-tva} n.
power, strength Ka1m.; %{-vat} mfn. powerful, strong, mighty MBh. Katha1s.
prabhava = influence*= mfn. prominent, excelling, distinguished RV.; m. production,
source, origin, cause of existence (as father or mother, also `" the Creator "'), birthplace
(often ifc., with f. %{A}, springing or rising or derived from, belonging to) Up. Mn. MBh.
&c.; might, power (= %{pra-bhAva}) L.; N. of a Sa1dhya Hariv.; of Vishn2u A.; of sev.
men HParis3.; N. of the first or 35th year in a 60 years "' cycle of Jupiter Var.; %{prabhu} and %{-svAmin} m. (with Jainas) N. of one of the 6 S3ruta-kevalins L.
prabhavana n. production, source, origin (ifc. `" springing from "'; cf. %{meru-prabh-}
and Pa1n2. 8-4, 34 Sch.); ruling, presiding (?) W.
10 prabhAvana mf(%{I})n. (fr. Caus.) creating, creative MBh.; explaining, disclosing
(= %{prakAzaka}) R. (B.); m. creator MBh. R. Hariv.; (%{A}) f. disclosing, revealing,

promulgation (of a doctrine) HYog.

prabhaavat mfn. luminous, radiant, splendid MBh. Ka1v. &c.; (%{I}) f. the lute of one
of the Gan2as or demigods attendant on S3iva L.; a kind of metre S3rutab.; (in music) a
partic. S3ruti Sam2gi1t.; N. of a Buddh. deity Lalit.; of the wife of the sun MBh.; of one of
the Ma1tr2is attendant on Skanda ib.; of an Apsaras VP.; of a Sura7n3gana1 Sin6ha7s.;
of a sister of the Asura Indra-damana L.; of a daughter of king Vajra-na1bha and wife of
Pradyumna Hariv.; of the wife of Citra-ratha king of An3ga MBh.; of the daughter of
Suvi1ra and wife of Marutta Ma1rkP.; of a Ta1pasi1 MBh.; of them other of Malli (the
19th Arhat of present Avasarpin2i1) L.; of the daughter of the S3resht2hin Soma-datta
and wife of Madana the son of Vikrama-sena S3ukas.; of a river W.; (%{-pariNaya} m. `"
the marriage of Prabha1vati1 "'N. of a drama by Vis3va-na1tha).
prabhavaniiya mfn. Pa1n2. ib.
prabhavat mf(%{antI})n. coming forth, arising &c.; mighty, powerful, potent MBh.
Ka1v.
prabhaashheta = speaks
prabhu = lord, king (here)
prabhu * = see under {pra-bhU} below.
pra-bhU * = P. {-bhavati} (rarely . {-te}; Ved. inf. {-bhUSa4Ni}), to come forth, spring
up, arise or originate from (abl.), appear, become visible, happen, occur S'Br. &c. &c.; to
be before, surpass (with {pRSTham}, `" to be greater or more than the back can carry "',
applied to wealth RV. ii, 13, 4) to become or be numerous, increase, prevail, be powerful

RV. &c. &c. (3. sg. {prabhavati-tarAm}, `" has more power "' Vikr. v, 18); to rule,
control, have power over, be master of (gen. loc. or dat.) Mn. MBh. &c.; to be equal to or
capable of (dat. or loc.) ib.; to be a match for (dat.) Pn. 2-3, 16 Vrtt. 2 Pat.; to be able
to (inf.) Klid. Kaths. &c.; to profit, avail, be of use to (dat.) RV. Br.; to implore,
beseech (?) Hariv.: Caus. {-bhAvayati}, to increase, spread out, extend, augment,
multiply (esp. the Soma by placing it in a greater number of vessels) Br.; to provide more
amply, endow more richly, cause to thrive or prosper, cherish, nurture ib. MBh. &c.; (as
Nom. fr. {-bhAva} below) to gain or possess power or strength, rule over (acc.) MBh. R.;
to recognise R.: Desid. of Caus. {-bibhAvayiSati}, to wish to increase or extend AitBr.
pra-bhu4 * = mfn. (Ved. also {U4} f. {vI}) excelling, mighty, powerful, rich, abundant
RV. &c. &c.; more powerful than (abl.) MBh.; having power over (gen.) VP.; able,
capable, having power to (loc. inf. or comp.) Kv.; a match for (dat.) Pn. 2-3, 16 Vrtt.
2 Pat.; constant, eternal L.; m. a master, lord, king (also applied to gods e.g. to Srya
and Agni RV.; to Praj-pati Mn.; to Brahm ChUp.; to Indra R.; to S'iva MBh.; to Vishnu
L.); the chief or leader of a sect RTL. 142; a sound, word L.; quicksilver L.; N. of a deity
under the 8th Manu MrkP.; of a son of Kardama Hariv.; of a son of S'uka and Pvar ib.;
of a son of Bhaga and Siddhi BhP.; of a poet Cat.; of sev. other men HParis'.; ({-bhvI} f.
N. of a S'akti Pacar.); {-kathA} f. N. of wk.; {-tA} f. lordship, dominion, supremacy
Yj. (v.l.) Kaths.; power over (loc.) S'ak.; possession of (comp.) Ragh.; prevalence
(instr. `" for the most part "') Ratna7v.; {-tva} n. lordship, sovereignty, high rank, might,
power over (gen. loc. or comp.) MBh. Kv. &c.; prevalence (instr. `" for the most part "')
Sus'r.; {-tvabodhi} f. knowledge joined with supreme power Krand.; {-tvA7kSepa} m.
(in rhet.) an objection based on power (i.e. on a word of command) Kvya7d. ii, 138; {deva} m. N. of a Yoga teacher Cat.; ({I}) f. (with {lATI}) N. of a poetess ib.; {-bhakta}
mfn. devoted to his master (as a dog) Cn.; m. a good horse L.; {-bhakti} f. loyalty,
faithfulness MW.; {-liGga-caritra} n. {-liGga-lIlA} f. {-vaMza} m. N. of wks.; {-zabda-

zeSa} mfn. having only the title of lord remaining Ragh.

pra-bhU * = = {-bhu} (cf. above); {-tva} n. sufficiency KtyS'r. (cf. {prabhu-tva}); {vasu} ({-bhU4-} Padap. {-bhu4-}) mfn. abundantly wealthy (said of Indra and Soma)
RV.; m. N. of a descendant of Angiras, author of RV. v, 35, 36; ix, 35, 36
prabhuH = the master of the city of the body
prabhuddho = having risen( after sleep, unconscious state)
prabudha *= m. a great sage BhP.
prabhuuta = large quantity
prabhriti = from
prabho = Oh Lord
pracakra * = n. an army in motion L.
pracaNDa* = mf({A})n. excessively violent, impetuous, furious, fierce, passionate,
terrible, direful, formidable MBh. Kv. &c.; great, large, hot, burning, sharp (see comp.
below); m. a species of oleander with white flowers L.; N. of a Dnava Kaths.; of a
goblin MrkP.; of a son of Vatsa-pr and Su-nand ib.; ({A}) f. a species of Drv with
white flowers L.; a form or S'akti of Durg Cat.
pracar * = P. %{-carati} (ep. also A1. %{-te}), to proceed towards, go or come to, arrive
at (acc.) RV. &c. &c.; to come forth, appear MBh. R. &c.; to roam, wander Prab. BhP.; to

circulate, be or become current (as a story) R. Var.; to set about, perform, discharge
(esp. sacred functions, with instr. of the object or of the means employed) AV. Br.
Ka1tyS3r.; to be active or busy, be occupied or engaged in (loc.) MBh. BhP.; to proceed,
behave, act in peculiar manner Mn. MBh. &c.; to come off, take place BhP.: Caus. %{cArayati}, to allow to roam, turn out to graze Hariv.; to make public W.
pracal * = P. %{-calati} (rarely A1. %{-te}), to be set in motion, tremble, quake TBr.
MBh. &c.; to stir, move on, advance, set out, depart MBh. BhP. Pan5cat.; to start, spring
up from (a seat) R.; to swerve, deviate from (abl.) MBh.; to become troubled or
confused, be perplexed or bewildered or excited ib. BhP.: Caus. %{-calayati}, to set in
motion, move, jog, wag Ka1v.; to remove from (abl.) Sus3r.; %{-cAlayati}, to cause to
shake or tremble R.; to stir up, stir round Pan5cat.
pracala * = mfn. moving, tremulous, shaking MBh. Ka1v. Sus3r.; what goes well or
widely W.; current, circulating, customary ib.; %{-kAJcana-kuNDala} mfn. (an ear)
adorned with golden rings R2itus.; %{-dAsa} m. N. of a poet Cat.; %{-latA-bhuja} mfn.
having tremulous arm-creepers (= slender arms that tremble) Prab.; %{-siMha} m. N. of
a poet Cat.; %{--calA7Gga} mfn. having tremulous limbs MBh.
pracaraNa* = n. going to graze Cat.; proceeding with, beginning, undertaking S3rS.
Ba1lar.; circulating, being current W.; employing, using MW.; (%{I4}) f. (sc. %{sruc}) a
wooden ladle employed for want of a better at a sacrifice S3Br. Ka1tyS3r.
pracAraNa * = n. (prob.) scattering, strewing Ka1d.
pracaraNIya * = mfn. being in actual use S3Br.

prachalita = something that has started

pracyava * = m. fall , ruin Ka1t2h. ; withdrawal Kap. Sch. ; advancement , improvement
MW.
pracyavana * = mfn. removing , destroying Car. (w.r. for %{-cyAvana}?) ; n. falling
down (esp. from heaven i.e. being born again) HParis3. ; departure , withdrawal Sus3r. ;
loss , deprivation (with abl.) MBh. ; oozing , dropping A.
prachodayaat.h = (abl.Sing.)from His inducement or stirring the
consciousnessprachchhanna = covered, secretly clad
pracura * = mf({A})n. much, many, abundant (opp. to {alpa}); plenteous, plentiful,
frequent; (ifc.) abounding in, filled with MBh. Kv. &c.; m. a thief A.
prachura = many
pracuurN * =P. {-cUrNayati} (only aor. {prA7cucUrNat}), to crush, grind to dust
Bhathth.
pracyaavana *= n. means of removing or diminishing , a sedative Sus3r. ; causing to
give up , diverting from (abl.) Pa1n2. Sch.
pradadhmatuH = sounded
pradarshayati = to display, to exhibit
pradarshinii = (f) exhibition

pradars'ita *= mfn. shown, pointed out, indicated; taught, mentioned, specified Mn.
MBh. &c.; prophesied W.
pradaa = one that bestows
pradaaH = causing
pradhaana = giving * =n. a chief thing or person, the most important or essential part of
anything KtyS'r. Mn. MBh. &c.; (ibc.) the principal or first, chief, head of; [often also
ifc. (f. {A}) e.g. {indra-pradhAna}, (a hymn) having Indra as the chief object or person
addressed Nir.; {prayoga-p-}, (the art of dancing) having practice as its essential part,
chiefly practical Mlav.]; `" the Originator "', primary germ, original source of the
visible or material universe (in Snkhya = {prakRti} q.v.) IW. 53, 1 &c.; primary or
unevolved matter or nature Sarvad.; supreme or universal soul L.; intellect,
understanding L.; the first companion or attendant of a king, a courtier, a noble (also m.)
L.; an elephant-driver (also m.) L.; (in gram.) the principal member of a compound
(opp. to {upasarjana} q.v.); mf({A})n. chief, main, principal, most important; preeminent in (instr.); better than or superior to (abl.) MBh. Kv. &c.; m. N. of an ancient
king MBh.; ({A}) f. N. of a S'akti, Tantr. (cf. IW. 522).
pradhana * =n. (cf. {dha4na}) spoil taken in battle, a prize gained by a victor, the battle
or contest itself RV. &c. &c.; the best of one's goods, valuables Nr.; tearing, bursting &c.
(= {dAraNa}) L.; m. N. of a man; pl. his descendants BrahmaP.
pradigdhaan.h = tainted with
pradishhTaM = indicated

pradiipaH = (Masc.Nom.S)lamp; name of a person

pradiiptaM = blazing
pradushhaNam.h = (n) pollution
pradushhyanti = become polluted
pradeya = worth diving
pradesha = Territory
pradvishhantaH = blaspheming
pradyumna * =m. `" the pre-eminently mighty one "'N. of the god of love (re-born as a
son of Kriishna and Rukmin, or as a son of Sankarshana and then identified with Sanatkumra) MBh. Kv. &c.; the pleasant (= {kAma}) Subh.; the intellect (= {manas})
S'ank.; N. of a son of Manu and Nadval BhP.; of a king Kaths.; of sev. authors and
teachers Cat.; of a mountain Rjat.; of a river ib.
pradhaana = important
pragatiH = (m) progress, developments
praghasa* = m. ( {ghas}) a devourer (pl. N. of false gods) L. (cf. Pn. 2-4, 37; 38); N. of
a Rkshasa MBh.; of a monkey follower of Rma R.; ({A}) f. N. of one of the Mtriis
attending on Skanda MBh.

praGyaa = intellect
praGYaa = (f) intelligence, grasping-power
praGYaaM = intelligence
praGYaanaM = greater knowledge or awareness
praGYaavaadaan.h = learned talks
prahaNa *= w.r. for %{pra-haraNa} Hariv.
prahara = Part of the day
praharaNa = arms
praharaNa *= n. striking , beating , pecking Pan5cat. attack , combat MBh. ; throwing
(of grass into the fire) TS. Sch. ; removing , dispelling S3am2k. ; a weapon (ifc. f. %{A})
MBh. Ka1v. &c. (cf. %{kRta-pr-}) ; a carriage-box BhP. ; w.r. for %{pra-vahaNa} L. ; m.
the verse spoken in throwing grass into the fire A1pS3r. ; N. of a son of Kr2ishn2a BhP. ;
%{-kalikA} or %{-kalitA} f. a kind of metre Chandom. Col. ; %{-vat} mfn. fighting Sa1y.
2 prahAraNa n. a desirable gift L. (v.l. for 2. %{pravA7raNa}).
praharaNaaH = equipped with
praharati = to knock
prahasa *= m. N. of S'iva Gal.; of a Rakshas R.

prahasan.h = smiling
prahaasa * m. loud laughter, laughter Hariv. Kv.; derision, irony Pn. 1-4, 106 &c.;
appearance, display Venis.; splendour, of colours Jtakam.; an actor, dancer L.; N. of
S'iva L. (cf. {-hasa}); of an attendant of S'S'iva MBh.; of a Nga ib.; of a minister of
Varuna R.; of a Tirtha (w.r. for {-bhAsa}?) L.; n. (with {bharad-vAjasya}) N. of a Sman
(w.r. for {prAsAha}) L.
prahaasyasi = you can be released from
prahiNoshi = you strike
prahita *= mfn. urged on incited, stirred up RV. BhP. ; hurled, discharged at Hariv. R.
Pur. ; thrown forward i.e. stretched out (as an arm) MBh. ; imbedded (as nails) Sa1h. ;
(ifc.) directed or turned towards, cast upon (as eyes, the mind &c.), Kalid. BhP. ;
conveyed, sent, procured Das3. Katha1s. Pan5cat. ; sent out, dispatched (as messengers)
RV. &c. &c. ; sent away, expelled, banished to (dat.) R. Katha1s. ; sent to or towards or
against (loc. gen. with or without %{pArzve}, or dat.), appointed, commissioned MBh.
Ka1v. &c. ; m. du. (with %{gaurIviteH} and %{zyAvA7zvasya}) N. of 2 Sa1mans A1rshBr.
; n. sauce, gravy, condiment L.
prahri = to hit
prahrittaM = ready to strike
prahrishhyati = is rejoicing
prahrishhyet.h = rejoices

prahlaada = a devotee of Vishnu

prahlaadaH = Prahlada
prajanaH = the cause for begetting children
prajahaati = gives up
prajahi = curb
prajaa = people, subjects (especially ruled and protected by a king)
prajaaH = generations
prajaata.ntuM = the umbilical cord?
prajaanaaM = (dative of)people
prajaanaati = knows
prajaanaami = do I know
prajaapati = Lord of created beingsprajApati\\({-jA-}) m. `" lord of creatures "'N. of
Savitrii, Soma, Agni, Indra &c. RV. AV.; a divinity presiding over procreation, protector
of life ib. VS. Mn. Sus'r. BhP. [658,3]; lord of creatures, creator RV. &c. &c. (N. of a
supreme god above or among the Vedic deities [RV. (only x, 21, 10) AV. VS. Br.] but in
later times also applied to Vishnu, S'iva, Time personified, the sun, fire, &c., and to
various progenitors, esp. to the 10 lords of created beings first created by Brahm, viz.

Marci, Atri, Angiras, Pulastya, Pulaka, Kratu, Vasishthha, Pracetas or Daksha, Bhriigu,
Nrada [Mn.i, 34; cf. IW. 206 n. 1], of whom some authorities count only the first 7,
others the last 3); a father L.; a king, prince L.; a son-in-law L.; N. of the 5th (39th) year
in a 60 years "' cycle of Jupiter Var.; the planet Mars, a partic. star, $ Aurigae Sryas.;
(in astrol.) = 2. {kAla-nara} q.v.; a species of insect L.; N. of sev. men and authors Cat.;
({I}) f. a matron, lady DivyA7v.; N. of Gautama Buddha's aunt and nurse (with the patr.
Gautam, the first woman who assented to his doctrines) Lalit.; {-grihIta} ({-jA4-p-})
mfn. seized by Praj-pati VS.; {-carita} n. N. of wk.; {-citi4} f. PPraj-pati's layer S'Br.;
{-datta} m. N. of a man Pat.; {-nivAsinI} f. N. of a Gandharv Krand.; {-pati} m. `" lord
of the PPraj-pati "'N. of Brahm BhP.; of Daksha ib.; {-bhakSita} ({-jA4-p-}) mfn.
eaten by PPraj-pati VS.; {-mukha} ({jA4-p-}) mfn. having PPraj-pati as head or
chief S'Br.; {-yajJa} m. `" sacrifice to PPraj-pati "', the procreation of children
enjoined by law VP.; {-loka4} m. PPraj-pati's world (situated between the sphere of
Brahm and that of the Gandharvas) S'Br.; {-zarman} m. N. of a man L.; {-sRSTa} ({jA4-p-}) mfn. created by PPraj-pati AV. S'Br.; {-smRti} f. N. of wk.; {-hRdaya} n. `"
PPraj-pati's heart "'N. of a Sman S'rS. (also {prajA4pater-hR4d-} S'Br. TS.)
prajaapatiH = the Lord of creatures
prajaaprabhutvaM = (n) democracy
prajaya * = see under %{pra-ji}.2\m. victory, conquest S3Br.
praja* = 1 mfn. = {pra-jJu} L.\\ praja* =2 mf({A})n. (for 1. see above) wise, prudent
MndUp.; (ifc.) knowing, conversant with (cf. {nikRti-}, {pathi-}); ({A}) f. see col. 2; {tA} ({-jJa4-}) f. knowledge. S'Br.

prajaa* = P. {-jAnAti}, to know, understand (esp. a way or mode of action), discern,

distinguish, know about, be acquainted with (acc.) RV. &c. &c.; to find out, discover,
perceive, learn MBh. Kv. &c.:, Caus. {-jJA8payati}, to show or point out (the way) S'Br.;
to summon, invite Lalit. 2.
prajaa* = f. wisdom, intelligence, knowledge, discrimination, judgment S'Br. &c. &c.;
device, design S'Br. S'nkhS'r.; a clever or sensible woman W.; Wisdom personified as
the goddess of arts and eloquence, Sarasvat L.; a partic. S'akti or energy Hcat.; (with
Buddh.) true or transcendental wisdom (which is three fold Dharmas. 110) MWB. 126;
128; the energy of di-buddha (through the union with whom the latter produced all
things) MWB. 204.
praji *= P. %{-jayati}, to, win, conquer AV. &c. &c. prajJaka* = see {akRta-prajJaka}.
prajaata* = mfn. known, understood, found out, discerned, known as (nom.), wellknown, public, common, notorious Mn. MBh. &c.
prajaati* = ({pra4-}) f. knowing the way to (gen.) or the right way S'Br. TndBr.
prajaakoza* = m. N. of a man Kaths.
prajaagupta* = mfn. protected by understanding ({-zarIra}) S'rngP.; N. of a Buddh.
scholar.
prajaaghana* = m. nothing but intelligence BhP.
prajaaDhya* = ({-jJA7Dhya}) m. `" rich in wwisdom "'N. of a man Kaths.

prajaaditya* = ({-jJA7d-}) m. `" sun of wwisdom "'N. applied to a very clever man
Rjat.
prajaadeva* = m. `" god of wwisdom "'N. of a scholar Buddh.
prajaabhadra* = m. `" excelling in wwisdom "'N. of a scholar Buddh.
prajaavat* = mfn. wise, knowing, shrewd, intelligent Kaths. Pacat. &c.
prajaavAda* = m. a word of wwisdom Bhag.
prajaavRddha* = mfn. old in wwisdom or knowledge MBh
prajvaalitaH = ( ger.Masc.nom.sing.)rekindled; inflamed;fuelled the flames
prajval * = P. {-jvalati} (ep. also . {-te}), to begin to burn or blaze, be kindled (lit. and
fig.), flame or flash up, shine, gleam TBr. ChUp. MBh. &c.: Caus. {-jvA8layati}, to set on
fire, light, kindle, inflame GriS'rS. ChUp. MBh. &c.; (with Buddh.) to illustrate, explain
DivyA7v.
prakaTitaa = has appeared, been bestowed
prakaroti = do
prakaara = variety, options
prakaareNa = means; method

prakaala = Armageddon
prakaasha = shining, clear
prakaashaM = illumination
prakaashaH = manifest
prakaashakaM = illuminating
prakaashate = to shine
prakaashana = Publication
prakaashayati = discloses
prakaashita = (adj) published
prakampa* = mfn. trembling R.; m. (ifc. f. {A}) trembling or violent motion, quaking,
staggering &c. MBh. Kv. &c.
prakiirtya = by the glories
prakIrtita *= mfn. announced, proclaimed, revealed, stated, said, mentioned Mn.
Ya1jn5.; named, called Mn. Pan5c.; approved, praised, celebrated Ya1jn5. Pan5c
prakopa *= m. effervescence, excitement, raging (of diseases, war &c.) Var. Ra1jat.;
tumult, insurrection Hit.; violent anger, rage, fury, wrath, ire Mn. MBh. &c.; (in med.)

excess, superabundance, vitiation Sus3r.

prakriti = Nature* = f. `" making or placing before or at first "', the original or natural
form or condition of anything, original or primary substance (opp. to {vi-kRti} q.v.) Prt.
Nir. Jaim. MBh.; cause original source Mn. MBh. S'ak. &c.; origin, extraction Mriicch.;
nature, character, constitution, temper, disposition MBh. Kv. Sus'r. &c. (ibc. and {-tyA}
ind. by nature, naturally, unalterably, properly Prt. S'rS. Mn. &c.); fundamental form,
pattern, standard, model, rule (esp. in ritual) S'rS.; (in the Snkhya phil.) the original
producer of (or rather passive power of creating) the material world (consisting of 3
constituent essences or Gunas called {sattva}, {rajas} and {tamas}), Nature
(distinguished from {puruSa}, Spirit as My is ddistinguished from Brahman in the
Veda7ntas); pl. the 8 producers or primary essences which evolve the whole visible world
(viz. {a-vyakta}, {buddhi} or {mahat}, {ahaM-kAra}, and the 5 {tan-mAtras} or subtle
elements; rarely the 5 elements alone) IW. 80 &c.; (in mythol.) a goddess, the
personified will of the Supreme in the creation (hence the same with the S'akti or
personified energy or wife of a deity, as Lakshm, Durg &c.; also considered as identical
with the Supreme Being) W. IW. 140 RTL. 223; (pl.) N. of a class of deities under Manu
Raibhya Hariv.; (in polit.) pl. a king's ministers, the body of ministers or counsellors,
ministry Mn. MBh. &c.; the subjects of a king, citizens, artisans &c. ib.; the constituent
elements or powers of the state (of which are usually enumerated, viz. king minister,
alies, treasure, army, territory, fortresses Mn. ix, 294; 295); the various sovereigns to be
considered in case of war (viz. the {madhyama}, {vijigISu}, {udAsIna} and {zatru}; to
which should be added 8 remoter princes, viz. the {mitra}, {arimitra}, {mitra-mitra},
{arimitra-mitra}, {pArSNi-graha}, {Akranda}, {pArSNigrAhA7sAra}, {AkrandA7sAsa};
each of these 12 kings has 5 Prakriitis in the form of minister, territory, fortresses,
treasure and army, so that the total number of Prakriitis may be 72) Mn. vii, 155; 157
Kull.; (in gram.) the crude or elementary form of a word, base, root, an uninflected word

Sh. Pn. Sch. Vop.; N. of 2 classes of metres Col.; (in arithm.) a co-efficient multiplier
ib.; (in anat.) temperament, the predominance of one of the humours at the time of
generation W.; (with {tritIyA}) the third nature, a eunuch MBh.; matter, affair Lalit.; the
male or female organ of generation L.; a woman or womankind L.; a mother L.; an
animal L.; N. of a woman Buddh.; N. of wk.
prakritiM = nature
prakritiH = nature
prakritijaan.h = produced by the material nature
prakritijaiH = born of the modes of material nature
prakritisthaH = being situated in the material energy
prakritii = Nature
prakriteH = of material nature
prakrityaa = by nature
prakshaalana = washing off
prakshaalayati = to wash
prakopa = aggravation

prakoshhThaH = (m) roompraNamya = offering obeisances

pralabdha mfn. seized MBh.; overreached, cheated, deceived
pralamba* = mf({A})n. hanging down, depending, pendent, pendulous (generally ibc.)
KtyS'r. Sch. MBh. Hariv. R.; bending the upper part of the body forward MBh.;
prominent MW.; slow, dilatory W. [689,3]; m. hanging on or from, depending L.; a
branch L.; a shoot of the vine-palm L.; a cucumber Bhpr.; a garland of flowers worn
round the neck W.; a kind of necklace of pearls L.; the female breast L.; tin (?) W.; N. of
a Daitya slain by Balarma or Kriishna MBh. Hariv. Kaths. &c.; of a mountain R.; ({A}
f. N. of a Rkshas Buddh.); {-keza} mfn. one whose hair hangs down VP.; {-ghna} m. `"
slayer of Pralamba "'N. of Bala-rma and of Kriishna L.; {-tA} f. the hanging down,
being pendulous Kd.; {-nAsika} mfn. one who has a prominent nose A.; {-bAhu} mfn.
one whose arms hang down MBh. Hariv. BhP. Buddh. ({-tA} f. one of the 32 signs of
perfection Dharmas. 83); m. N. of a man Kaths.; {-bhid} m. `" crusher of Pralamba
"'N. of Bala-rma L.; {-bhuja} mfn. one whose arms hang down L.; m. N. of a Vidydhara Kaths.; {-mathana} (Hariv.), {-han} (MBh.), {-hantR} (L.) m. `" slayer of
Pralamba "'N. of Bala-rma and of Kriishna; {-bA7NDa} m. a man with pendent
testicles Vet.; {-bo7jjvala-cAru-ghoNa} mfn. having a prominent and bright and
handsome nose MBh.; {-bo7dara} m. `" having a pendent belly "'N. of a prince of the
Kin-naras Krand.; of a fabulous mountain ib.
pralambha * = m. obtaining. gaining R. ; (also pl.) overreaching, deceiving MBh.\\ %{lambhana} see %{pralabh}.
pralapan.h = talking

pralayaM = dissolution* = m. dissolution, reabsorption, destruction, annihilation; death;

(esp.) the destruction of the whole world, at the end of a Kalpa (s.v.) ShadvBr. ChUp.
S'ank. MBh. Kv. &c.; setting (of the stars) Subh.; end ({saMjAta-nidrA-p-} mfn. having
done sleeping Pacat.); cause of dissolution Bhag. Briih.; fainting, loss of sense or
consciousness Pratp. Sh. Sus'r.; sleepiness Gal.; N. of the syllable {om}, Atharvas'Up.;
{-kAla} m. the time of universal dissolution MW.; {-kevala} mfn. = {-layA7kala} (q.v.)
Sarvad.; {-ghana} m. the cloud which causes the destruction of the world Hit.; {-M-kara}
mf({I})n. causing destruction or ruin Up. Kv.; {-jaladhara-dhvAna} m. the rumbling or
muttering of clouds at the dissolution of the world MW.; {-tA} f. dissolution ({-tAMgam}, to perish, be annihilated) Hariv.; {-tva} n. id. ({-tvAya-klRp} = {-tAM-gam}) MBh.
BhP.; {-dahana} m. the fire causing the destruction of the world, Ratna7v. Amar. [690,
1]; {-sthiti-sarga} m. pl. destruction, preservation and creation (of the world). Kum.; {layA7kala} mfn. (an individual soul) to which {mala} and {karman} still adhere (with
S'aivas) Sarvad.; {-layA7nta-ga} mfn. perishing only at the destruction of the world (the
sun) MrkP.; {-layo7daya} m. du. dissolution and creation Bhag. Sus'r. Kaths.
pralayaH = annihilation
pralayaantaaM = unto the point of death
pralaye = in the annihilation
pralii *= A1. %{-lIyate} (ind. p. %{-lIya} , or %{-lAya}) , to become dissolved or
reabsorbed into (loc.) , disappear , perish , die Br. Mn. MBh. &c.
praliinaH = being dissolved

praliiyate = is annihilated
praliiyante = are annihilatedprama = greatest
pralobha *= m. allurement, seduction Pan5cat. BhP. ; desire, cupidity W.
pralobhaka *= m. `" allurer "'N. of a jackal Pan5cat.
pralobhana *= mfn. causing to lust after, alluring, seducing BhP. ; (%{I}) f. gravel, sand
L. ; n. allurement, inducement MBh. R. Katha1s. Ra1jat. ; that which allures, a lure, bait
MW. ; (also w.r. for %{pralambhana} Bhag.)
pralobhin *= mfn. alluring, seducing Ma1rkP. ; lusting after MW.
pralobhita *= mfn. allured, enticed BhP.
pralobhya *= mfn. to be lusted after, alluring Subh.
pramada *= m. joy, pleasure, delight MBh. Katha1s.; mfn. wanton, dissolute Ragh.
(also %{-daka} Nir.); mad, intoxicated L.; m. the thorn-apple L.; the ankle L.; N. of a
Da1nava Hariv.; of a son of Vasisht2ha and one of the sages under Manu Uttama BhP.;
(%{A} f. see below); %{-kaNTha} m. N. of a man Ra1jat.; %{-kAnana} n. = %{-dA-k-} L.;
%{-ropya} n. N. of a city in the Dekhan Pan5cat.; %{-vana} n. = %{-dA-v-} Ka1lid.
pramadaa f. (of %{-da}) a young and wanton woman, any woman Mn. MBh. &c.; the
sign of the zodiac Virgo L.; N. of 2 kinds of metre Col.; %{-kAnana} n. the royal garden or
pleasureground attached to the gynaeceum L.; %{-jana} m. womankind, the female sex
R. Var.; %{--nana} (%{-dA7n-}) n. a kind of metre Col.; %{-vana} n. = %{-kAnana} R.;

(%{-na-pAlikA} f. a woman who has the inspection of a royal pleasure-garden Ma1lav.);

%{--spada} (%{-dA7sp-}) n. the gynaeceum of a prince Katha1s.
pramaa A1. %{-mimIte} (Ved. inf. %{pra-me4}; Pass. %{-mIyate}), to measure, mete
out, estimate AV. S3rS. MBh.; to form, create, make ready, arrange RV. MBh.; to form a
correct notion of (acc.), understand, know MaitrUp. Hariv. Hit.: Caus. %{-mApayati}, to
cause correct knowledge, afford proof or authority MW. 1.\\ 2 f. basis, foundation AV.;
measure, scale RV.; right measure, true knowledge, correct notion Prab. Kap. Tarkas.
IW. 59 &c.; a kind of metre RPra1t.; %{-tva} n. accuracy of perception Bha1sha1p.; %{tva-cihna} n. N. of wk.
pramaada* =m. intoxication RV. MBh.; madness, insanity L.; negligence, carelessness
about (abl. or comp.) Kaus3. Mn. MBh. &c.; an error, mistake W.; a partic. high number
L.; %{-cArin} mfn. acting in a careless manner Ka1ran2d2.; %{-pATha} m. a wrong
reading S3am2k.; %{-vat} mfn. = %{-mAdin} L.
pramaada * = &c. see %{pra-mad}.
pramaaNa = authority, an ideal
pramaaNa * = n. (ifc. f. {A}) measure, scale, standard; measure of any kind (as size,
extent, circumference, length, distance, weight, multitude, quantity, duration) KtyS'r.
KathhUp. Mn. &c. (instr. `" on an average "' Jyot.); prosodical length (of a vowel) Pn. 11, 50 Sch.; measure in music MBh. (Nlak.); accordance of the movements in dancing
with music and song Sangt.; measure of physical strength S'ak. (cf. comp. below); the
first term in a rule of three sum Col.; the measure of a square i.e. a side of it S'ulbas.;
principal, capital (opp. to interest) Col.; right measure, standard, authority GriS'rS. Mn.

MBh. &c. ({pramANam bhavatI}, `" your ladyship is the authority or must judge "' Nal.;
in this sense also m. and f. sg. and pl. e.g. {vedAH pramANAH}, `" the Vedas are
authorities "' MBh.; {strI pramANI yeSAm}, `" they whose authority is a woman Pn.
Sch.); a means of acquiring Pram or certain knowledge (6 in the Veda7nta, viz.
{pratyakSa}, perception by the senses; {anumAna}, inference; {upamAna}, analogy or
comparison; {zabda} or {Apta-vacana}, verbal authority, revelation; {an-upalabdhi} or
{abhAva-pratyakSa}, non-perception or negative proof; {arthA7patti}, inference from
circumstances; the Nyya admits only 4, excluding the last two; the Snkhya only 3, viz.
{pratyakSa}, {anumAna} and {zabda}; other schools increase the number to 9 by adding
{sambhava}, equivalence; {aitihya}, tradition or fallible testimony; and {ceSTA}, gesture
IW. 60 &c. &c.); any proof or testimony or evidence Yj. MBh. Kv. &c.; a correct
notion, right perception (= {pramA}) Tarkas.; oneness, unity L.; = {nitya} L.; m. (cf. n.)
N. of a large fig-tree on the bank of the Ganges MBh.; ({I}) f. (cf. n.) N. of a metre Col.
pramaaNatas* = ind. according to measure or weight Mn. viii, 137; according to proof or
authority. W.
pramaaNayukta* = mfn. having the right measure Var.
pramaaNavat* = mfn. established by proofs, well-founded Prab
pramaaNaM = example
pramaathi = agitating
pramaathiini = agitating
pramaada = indifference *= m. intoxication RV. MBh.; madness, insanity L.;

negligence, carelessness about (abl. or comp.) Kaus3. Mn. MBh. &c.; an error, mistake
W.; a partic. high number L.; %{-cArin} mfn. acting in a careless manner Ka1ran2d2.; %
{-pATha} m. a wrong reading S3am2k.; %{-vat} mfn. = %{-mAdin} L.\\ &c. see %{pramad}.
pramaadaH = madness
pramaadaat.h = out of foolishness
pramaade = in madness
pramaatha * = m. stirring about, racking, paining, tormenting MBh. Hariv.; rape (cf.
{draupadI-pr-}); subjugation, destruction (of enemies) Uttarar.; N. of a son of Dhriitarshthra MBh.; of one of the attendants of Skanda ib.; of a Dnaya Kaths.; pl. N. of a
class of fiends attending on S'iva Hariv. (cf. {pramatha}).
pramada* = m. joy, pleasure, delight MBh. Katha1s.; mfn. wanton, dissolute Ragh. (also
%{-daka} Nir.); mad, intoxicated L.; m. the thorn-apple L.; the ankle L.; N. of a Da1nava
Hariv.; of a son of Vasisht2ha and one of the sages under Manu Uttama BhP.; (%{A} f.
see below); %{-kaNTha} m. N. of a man Ra1jat.; %{-kAnana} n. = %{-dA-k-} L.; %{ropya} n. N. of a city in the Dekhan Pan5cat.; %{-vana} n. = %{-dA-v-} Ka1lid.
pramadaa* =f. (of %{-da}) a young and wanton woman, any woman Mn. MBh. &c.; the
sign of the zodiac Virgo L.; N. of 2 kinds of metre Col.; %{-kAnana} n. the royal garden or
pleasureground attached to the gynaeceum L.; %{-jana} m. womankind, the female sex
R. Var.; %{--nana} (%{-dA7n-}) n. a kind of metre Col.; %{-vana} n. = %{-kAnana} R.;
(%{-na-pAlikA} f. a woman who has the inspection of a royal pleasure-garden Ma1lav.);

%{--spada} (%{-dA7sp-}) n. the gynaeceum of a prince Katha1s.

pramadaH = (become) proud or arrogant
pramathapataye = to the lord destroying pride
pramatha * = m. `" Tormentor "'N. of a class of demons attending on S'iva MBh. Kv.
&c. (cf. RTL. 238); of a son of Dhriita-rshthra MBh.; a horse L.; ({A}) f. Terminalia
Chebula or Citrina L.; N. of the wife of Kshupa and mother of Vra MrkP.; pain,
affliction W.; {-nAtha} (Kd.), {-pati} (L.) m. `" lord of the Pramathas "' N. of S'iva [685,
2]; {-prathama} m. `" first of the PPramathas "'N. of Bhriingirithi Blar.; {-thA7dhipa}
m. `" ruler of the PPramathas "'N. of S'iva VarBriS.; of Gane7s'a L.; {-thA7laya} m. `"
abode of torment "', hell L.
pramatta * = mfn. excited, wanton, lascivious, rutting Mn. Pacat.; drunken, intoxicated
S'ak.; mad, insane W.; inattentive, careless, heedless, negligent, forgetful of (abl. or
comp.) Mn. MBh. &c.; indulging in (loc.) MBh. R.; blundering, a blunderer W.; {-gIta}
mfn. sung or recited by an intoxicated person Pat.; {-citta} mfn. careless-minded,
heedless, negligent Km.; {-tA} f. inattentiveness, sleepiness, mental inactivity ({a-pram}) Rjat.; {-rajju} f. (?) Kaus'.; 1. {-vat} mfn. inattentive, careless ({a-pram-}) MBh.; 2. {vat} ind. as if drunk, like one intoxicated MW.; {-zramaNa} n. (with Jainas) N. of the 6th
among the 14 stages which lead to liberation Cat.
pramrita *= mfn. deceased, dead MBh. ; withdrawn or gone out of sight ; covered,
concealed W. ; n. death MBh. Ma1rkP. ; tillage, cultivation (as causing the death of many
beings) Mn. iv, 4, 5 (cf. x, 83).

pramud *= A1. %{-modate} , to become joyful , rejoice greatly , exult , be delighted AV.
&c. &c.: Caus. %{-modayati} , to make glad , delight Mn. MBh. Hariv. Sa1h.\\ 2 mfn.
pleased , happy L. ; (%{-mu4d}) f. gladness , delight , pleasure (esp. sensual
plpleasure) RV. VS. S3Br. MBh. Pan5cat. (%{-mude-bhU} , to become a cause of
delight).
pramUDha *= mfn. bewildered , unconscious MBh. Hariv. Uttarar. ; infatuated ,
foolish Mun2d2Up. S3a1rn3gP. ; disjointed MBh. ; %{-saMjJa} mfn. having the mind
perplexed , bewildered , infatuated R.
pramukhaH = (m) leader, chief (adj) principal, main
pramukhataH = in front of
pramukhe = in the front
pramuchyate = is completely liberated
pramudita = joyous
pramukha * = mfn. turning the face towards, facing (acc.) R.; first, foremost, chief,
principal, most excellent Hit.; (generally ifc.; f. %{A}) having as foremost or chief,
headed or preceded by, accompanied by or with [cf. %{prIti-p-}; %{vasiSThap-}] MBh.
Ka1v.; honourable, respectable L.; m. a chief, respectable man, sage W.; a heap,
multitude L.; Rottleria Tinctoria L.; n. the mouth MW.; commencement (of a chapter)
Br2A1rUp. S3am2k.; time being, the present, the same time Prata1p.; (ibc. or %{e} ind.)
before the face of, in front of, before, opposite to (with gen. or comp.) MBh. Ka1v.; (with
%{kR}) to cause to go before or precede R.

pramush *= P. %{-muSNAti} , to steal away , rob , carry off , take away RV. S3Br.
Pa1rGr2. &c.
pramuushikaa *= f. the external corner of the eye VarBr2S. lviii , 7 Comm.
pramushita *= mfn. stolen or taken away (also %{-muSTa}) BhP. ; distracted , beside
one's self ib. Katha1s. ; (%{A}) f. a kind of riddle Cat.
praNata * = mfn. bent forwards, bowed, inclined S'nkhBr. Mn. &c.; bowed to, saluted
reverentially BhP.; bent towards, offered respectfully Mlav. (cf. below); humble,
submissive to (gen. or acc.) MBh. R. BhP.; skilful, clever W.; a partic. kind of
accentuation Sy.; of a Paris'. of SV.; {-kAya} mfn. having the body bent down SaddhP.;
{-bahu-phala} mfn. one to whom various fruits or good things are offered Mlav. i, 1; {vat} mfn. bowing, bent, bowed W.; {-ziras} mfn. having the head bowed, inclined,
stooping W.; {-tA7tmavat} mfn. `" having one's person bowed "', inclined, stooping R.
(B.); {-tA7zeSa-sAmanta} mfn. one to whom all his neighbours bow or are submissive L.
praNayena = out of love
praNava = another name for AUM * (see also under om) = (or {pra4-N-}) m. (ifc. f. {A})
the mystical or sacred syllable {om} VS. TS. S'Br. Mn. (ifc. also {-ka}) &c. ({-tva} n.
RmatUp.); a kind of small drum or tabor = (and prob. w.r. for) {paNana} L.; {-kalpa}
m. {-darpaNa} m. {-pariziSTa} n. {-vyAkhyA} f. {-vA7rcana-candRkA} f. {-vA7rthanirNaya} m. {-vA7rtha-prakAzikA-vyAkhyAna} n. {-vo7paniSad} f. N. of wks.
praNavaH = the three letters a-u-m

pranaya* = m. a leader Pn. 3-1, 142 ({jyotiSAm} Nir. ii, 14); guidance, conduct MBh.;
manifestation, display Mriicch.; setting forth (an argument) Jtakam.; affection,
confidence in (loc.), love, attachment, friendship, favour (ibc.; {At}, {ena} and {yo7pe7tam} ind. confidentially, affectionately, openly, frankly) MBh. Kv. &c.; desire,
longing for (loc.; {anyathA}, `" for something else "') ib.; an entreaty, request,
solicitation R. Vikr.; reverence, obeisance L.; final beatitude L.; {-kalaha} m. a quarrel of
lovers, mere wanton quarrelsomeness Megh. Kd. Pacat.; {-kupita} mfn. angry through
love, feigning anger Megh.; {-kopa} m. the (feigned) anger of a coquette towards her
lover MW.; {-pezala} mfn. soft through affection R.; {-prakarSa} m. excess of
affaffection, extraordinary attachment Kaths.; {-bhaGga} m. breach of confidence,
faithlessness Vikr. Pur.; {-madhura} mfn. sweet through affection Bhartri.; {-maya}
mf({I})n. full of confidence Jtakam.; {-mAna} m. `" love-pride "', the jealousy of llove
W.; {-vacana} n. a declaration of llove or affection Megh.; {-vat} mfn. possessing
candour, unceremonious, frank, open, confident Klid.; attached or devoted to, loving
(loc. or comp.) ib.; desirous of. longing for (loc.) S'is'.; (ifc.) familiar with, used to Blar.;
{-virhAta} = {-vihata} A.; {-vimukha} mf({I})n. averse from love or friendship Megh.; {vihati} f. refusal of a request, non-compliance W.; {-spRz} mfn. exciting love,
affectionate Mlatm.; {-yA7parAdha} m. an offence against (mutual) affection or
confidence Amar.; {-yA7pahArin} mfn. taking with cconfidence or without shyness
MW.; {-yA7mRta-paJcAzaka} n. N. of wk.; {-yI-kR}, to attach closely Vcar.; {-yI-bhU},
to become attached or affectionate Sus'r.; {-yo7nmukha} mf({I})n. expectant through
love Mlav.; {-yA7pe7ta} mfn. possessing candour, frank, open MrkP.
praNayana* = n. bringing forwards, conducting, conveying, fetching S'rS. MBh. &c.;
means or vessel for bringing or fetching (cf. {agni-}); showing, betraying (ct. {zraddhA}); (with {daNDasya} or {daNDa}.), applying(the rod), infliction of (punishment) Mn.
Yj.; establishing, founding (of a school) BhP.; execution, performance, practice MBh.

Kv.; bringing forward, adducing L.; composing, writing L.; satisfying, satiating R.
praNashyati = one falls down
praNashyanti = become vanquished
praNashyaami = am lost
praNashhTaH = dispelled
praNata * = mfn. bent forwards, bowed, inclined S3a1n3khBr. Mn. &c.; bowed to,
saluted reverentially BhP.; bent towards, offered respectfully Ma1lav. (cf. below);
humble, submissive to (gen. or acc.) MBh. R. BhP.; skilful, clever W.; a partic. kind of
accentuation Sa1y.; of a Paris3. of SV.; %{-kAya} mfn. having the body bent down
SaddhP.; %{-bahu-phala} mfn. one to whom various fruits or good things are offered
Ma1lav. i, 1; %{-vat} mfn. bowing, bent, bowed W.; %{-ziras} mfn. having the head
bowed, inclined, stooping W.; %{-tA7tmavat} mfn. `" having one's person bowed "',
inclined, stooping R. (B.); %{-tA7zeSa-sAmanta} mfn. one to whom all his neighbours
bow or are submissive L.
praNejana * = mf(%{I})n. washing or wiping away La1t2y.; n. the act of washing or
bathing AV.; water for washing S3Br.
praNenii * = mfn. (fr. Intens.) leading or guiding constantly or repeatedly RV.
praNetavya * = mfn. to be led or guided MBh.; to be accomplished or executed or used or
applied

praNetri * = m. a leader, guide RV. &c. &c. (Ved. with gen. or acc.; Class. gen. or
comp.); a maker, creator MBh. Hariv.; an author, promulgator of a doctrine MBh. Pur.;
a performer or one who plays a musical instrument L.; one who applies (a clyster) Car.;
%{-mat} mfn. containing the notion of leading AitBr.
praNetra * = see %{vAyu4-praNetra}.
praNeya * = mfn. to be guided or led, docile, obedient MBh. Hariv. S3am2k.; to be (or
being) used or applied Ba1lar. Car.; to be executed or accomplished MBh.; to be fixed or
settled ib.
praNidhaana = dedication
praNidhaaya = laying down
praNihita * = mfn. laid on, imposed, applied Sus3r.; put down, deposited Ba1lar. BhP.;
outstretched, stretched forth Megh. Sa1h.; directed towards, fixed upon (loc.) Hariv.
Bhartr2. BhP.; delivered, committed, entrusted to (dat.) Ba1lar.; contained in (comp.)
BhP.; sent out (as a spy) MBh.; found out, discovered ib.; ascertained or stated Mn. vii,
54; one who has his thoughts concentrated on one point, intent upon (loc.) R. Bhat2t2.;
obtained, acquired W.; prudent, cautious, wary ib.; resolved, determined ib.; agreed to
or admitted ib.; %{-dhI} (Bhartr2.), %{-tA7tman} (A1past.) mfn. having the mind fixed
upon (loc. or comp.); %{-te7SaNa} mfn. having the eyes directed towards or fixed upon
(comp.) Hariv.
praNipaatena = by approaching a spiritual master
praNudati = to push, to press, to ring a bell

prapaada* = see {a4-prapAda}. [682,2]

prapaadika* = or {-dIka} m. a peacock L.
prapaaduka* = mfn. falling away prematurely (as a fetus) TS. Kthh.
prapaaTha * = or m. a lecture (i.e. chapter or subdivision of a book) TS. Br. &c.
prapaatha * = m. a road, way L.
prapaaThaka * = m. a lecture (i.e. chapter or subdivision of a book) TS. Br. &c.
prapaaThaka * = see %{pra-paTh}.
prapad* =1 2. . {-padyate} (ep. also P.), to fall or drop down from (abl.), throw one's
self down (at a persos feet) MBh.; to go forwards set out for, resort to, arrive at, attain,
enter (with acc., rarely loc.) AV. &c. &c.; to fly to for succour, take refuge with (acc.) TS.
&c. &c.; to fall upon, attack, assail RV. AV.; to come to a partic. state or condition, incur,
undergo (acc.) MBh. Kv. &c.; (with an adv. in {sAt}), to become e.g. {sarpasAt prapad}, to becbecome a serpent Bhatt.; to obtain, gain ({patini}, `" as husband "'),
partake of, share in (acc.) ib.; to adopt or embrace (a doctrine) Rjat.; to undertake,
commence, begin, do MBh. Kv.; to form (a judgment) MBh.; to assume (a form)
Kaths.; to enjoy (pleasure) R.; to take to (dat.) Hariv.; to come on, approach, appear
AV. R. Hariv.; to take effect, succeed MBh.; to turn out ({anyathA}, `" differently "' i.e.
without any effect or consequence) Hariv.; to admit (a claim) R.: Caus. {-pAdayati}, {te}, to cause to enter, introduce into (acc. or loc.) Br.: Desid. P. {pi4tsati}, to wish to
enter S'Br.; . {-pitsate} (cf. Pn. 7-4, 54), to be going to incur or undertake Das'. \\ =2

f. away AitBr.; N. of partic. sacred texts Br. GriS'rS.

prapada* n. id. the point of the foot, tip of the toes ({ais} ind. on tiptoe) RV. &c. &c.
prapadana* = n. entering, entrance into (comp.) s'vGri. Vait.; access, approach S'Br.
ChUp.
prapadam* = ind. a term applied to a partic. mode of recitation (in which the Vedic
verses are divided, without reference to the sense and construction, into parts of an equal
number of syllables and between these parts partic. formulas inserted containing the
word {pa-padye}) AitBr.
prapadiina* = w.r. for {A-prapadIna} q.v.
prapadyate = surrenders
prapadyante = surrender
prapadye = surrender
prapanna * = mfn. arrived at, come to (%{zaraNam}, for protection), got into (any
condition) ChUp. MBh. Ka1v. &c.; (with %{pAdau}) fallen at a person's feet R.; suppliant
(cf. comp.); approached, appeared, happened, occurred R.; acknowledged (as a claim)
Ya1jn5.; provided with (instr.) S3ak. 1, 1; effecting, producing W.; poor, distressed ib.; %
{-gati-dIpikA} f. %{-dina-caryA} f. %{-duSTA7riSTa-zAnti} f. %{-pArijAta} m. N. of
wks.; %{-pAla} m. `" protector of suppliants "'N. of Kr2ishn2a MBh.; %{-mAlikA} f. %{lakSaNa} n. N. of wks.; %{-nnA7mRta} n. `" nectar for suppliants "'N. of a legendary
biography of Ra1ma7nuja (cf. RTL. 119 &c.); %{-nnA7rti-hara} mf(%{I})n. relieving the

distress of suppliants MW.

prapannaM = surrendered
prapas'yamaana * = mfn. well-discerning, judicious, sensible, intelligent MBh.
prapas'yat * = or mfn. well-discerning, judicious, sensible, intelligent MBh.
prapaTh * = P. %{-paThati}, to recite aloud Hariv.
prapatha * = m. a way, journey (esp. to a distant place) RV. AitBr.; (ifc. f. %{A}) a
broad road or street Ka1t2h. BhP.; mfn. `" about to go off "' (?), loose, relaxed L.
prapathin * = mfn. roaming on distant paths (superl. %{-tama}) RV.; m. N. of a man ib.
prapaaThita * = mfn. (fr. Caus.) taught, expounded L.
prapathya * = mfn. being on the road, wandering (also applied to Pu1shan, the
protector of travellers) VS.; (%{A}) f. = %{pathyA}, Terminalia Chebula or Citrina L.
prapashya = just see
prapashyadbhiH = by those who can see
prapashyaami = I see
prapitaamahaH = the great-grandfather

parisamaap * = Pass. %{-Apyate}, to be fully completed, arrive at completion BhP.; to

be contained in (loc.) Bhag.; to relate or belong to (loc. or %{prati}) Pat.
parisamaapana * = n. the act of finishing completely W.
parisamaapanIya * = or mfn. to be completely finished Jaim. Sch.
parisamaapta * = mfn. finished, complete S3ak.; centred, comprehended S3is3.
parisamaapti * = f. entire completion, end, conclusion S3am2k. Sa1h. Pa1n2. Sch.;
relating or belonging to (loc. or %{prati}) Pat.
prarocita * = mfn. (fr. Caus.) commended, praised, approved, liked MBh.
pra+sha.ns.h = to praise
pra+sah.h = to withstand, endure
prashaste = in bona fide
prashaanta = unagitated
prashaantaM = at rest or passionless
prashaantasya = who has attained tranquillity by such control over the mind
prashNa = Horary Astrology. The word means question or query

prashtara-ashhTakavarga = Planetary spreadsheet of points used in transits and

predictions
pras'naM = question * = 1 m. basket-work, a plaited basket Kaus'. (Sch. `" a turban "'). *
=2 m. ( {prach}) a question, demand, interrogation, query, inquiry after (comp.; cf.
{kuzala-p-}) S'Br. &c. &c.; judicial inquiry or examination (cf. {sA7kSi-p}); astrological
inquiry into the future (cf. {divya-}, {deva-}, {daiva-p-}); a subject of inquiry, point at
issue, controversy, problem S'Br. &c. &c. ({praznam} {pra-brU} "', to decide a
controverted point "'; {nam} {i}, with acc. or {-nam} {A} {gam}, with loc. of pers., `" to
lay a question before any one for decision "'; {praznas tava pitari}, the point at issue is
before thy father "'); a task or lesson (in Vedic recitation) RPrt.; a short section or
paragraph (in books) Col. &c.
prashvaasa = expiration
prasaadana* = mf({I})n. clearing, rendering clear (cf. {ambu} - {p-}, {toya-p-} &c.);
calming, soothing, cheering R. Sus'r. BhP.; m. a royal tent L.; ({A}) f. service, worship
L.; n. clearing, rendering clear ({netra-p-} `" administering soothing remedies to the
eyes "') Sus'r.; calming. soothing, cheering, gratifying (cf. {zruti-p-}), rendering
gracious, propitiating ({tvatprasdanAt} `" for the sake of propitiating thee "') MBh. Kv.
&c.; boiled rice L.; w.r. for {pra-sAdhan} Hariv. Mlav.
prasaada * = m. (ifc. f. {A}) clearness, brightness, pellucidnees, purity (cf. {ambu-p-}),
UP. Klid. &c. (Nom. P. {-sAdati}, to be clear or bright. S'atr.) [697, 1]; clearness of
style, perspicuity Pratp. Kvya7d. Sh.; brightness (of the face) Ragh.; calmness,
tranquillity, absence of excitement KathhUp. Sus'r. Yogas.; serenity of disposition, good
humour MBh. Sus'r. Ragh. &c.; graciousness, kindness, kind behaviour, favour, aid,

meditation ({-dAt} ind. through the kindness or by the favour of; {-daM} {kR}, to be
gracious; cf. {duS-p-}, {drik-p-}) Gobh. MBh. Kv. &c.; Kindness personified as a son of
Dharma and Maitr BhP.; clarified liquor, a decoction Car.; settlings, a residuum ib.;
free gift, gratuity Ratna7v.; a propitiatory offering or gift (of food = {p--dravya},
{prasAdA7nna}) L.; the food presented to an idol, or the remnants of food left by a
spiritual teacher (which any one may freely appropriate to his own use) RTL. 69; 145
&c.; approbation W.; well-being, welfare W.; N. of a Comm. on the Prakriy-kaumudi; {cintaka} w.r. for {-vittaka} Blar.; {-dAna} n. a propitiatory gift, a gift in token of favour,
gift of food by a superior MW.; {-paTTa} m. a turban of honour (worn as a token of royal
favour) Var.; {-paTTaka} n. a written edict of favour, Lokapr.; {-parAGmukha} mf({I})
not caring for any one's favour Amar.; withdrawing ffavour from any one (gen.)
Pacat.; {-pAtra} n. an object of ffavour Das'.; {-puraga} mfn. inclined to ffavour,
favourably inclined MrkP.; {-pratilabdha} m. N. of a son of Mra Lalit.; {-bhAj} mfn.
being in favour, Smkhyas. Sch.; {-bhUmi} f. an object of ffavour, favourite Hcar.; {mAlA} f. N. of wk.; {-vat} mfn. pleased, delighted; gracious, favourable L. ({-vatIsamAdhi} m. a partic. Samdhi Buddh.); {-vitta} mf({A})n. (Kd. Kaths. Rjat. Blar.)
or {-vittaka} mfn. (Kaths.) rich in favour, being in high ffavour with any one (gen. or
comp.); m. and favourite, darling; {-SaT-zlokI} f. {-stava} m. N. of 2 Stotras; {-sumukha} mf({I})n. inclined to favour (others `" having a clear or serene face "') Mlav.
Ragh.; {-stha} mfn. abiding in serenity, kind, propitious; happy W.; {-sAdA7ntara} n.
another (mark of) favour MW.; {sAdA7nna} n. see {-sAda} above; {-sAdI-} {kR}, to
bestow as a mark of favour, bestow graciously, Present (with gen. of person) Pacat.
Kd. Rjat. &c.
pra-saada * = &c. see {pra-} {sad}.
prasaadya * mfn. to be rendered gracious, be propitiated MBh. R. Sh. Bla

prasaktaaH = attached
prasaktaanaaM = for those who are attached
prasanga = event, happenning, incidence * = prasaGga see under %{pra-} %{zaJj}.
prasaGga m. adherence, attachment, inclination or devotion to, indulgence in, fondness
for, gratification of, occupation or intercourse with (loc. gen. or comp.) Mn. MBh. &c. (%
{ena} ind. assiduously, zealously, eagerly; cf. also below); evil inclination or illicit pursuit
Mn. ix, 5; union, connection (ifc. `" connected with "' e.g. %{madhu-prasaGga-madhu},
`" honey connected with or coming in the spring season "') Ratna7v. i, 17 [696,3]; (pl.)
all that is connected with or results from anything Ka1m.; occurrence of a possibility,
contingency, case, event S3rS. Mn. S3am2k. Pa1n2. Sch. (e.g. %{ecaH@plutaprasaGge}, `" in the event of a diphthong being prolated "'); applicability Vajras.; an
occasion, incident, conjuncture, time, opportunity MBh. Ka1v. &c. (ibc.; %{ena}, %{At}
and %{atas} ind. when the occasion presents itself, occasionally, incidentally; %
{prasaGge@kutrA7pi}, `" on a certain occasion "'; %{amunA@prasaGgena}, %{tatprasaGgena} or %{etat-prasaGge}, `" on that occasion "'); mention of parents (? = %
{guru-kIrtita}) Sa1h.; (in dram.) a second or subsidiary incident or plot W.; N. of a man
Katha1s.; (pl.) of a Buddhistic school; %{-nivAraNa} n. the prevention of (similar) eases,
obviation of (like future) contingencies Kull. on Mn. viii, 334; %{-pro7Sita} mfn.
happening to be departed or absent Das3.; %{-ratnA7kara} m. %{-ratnA7valI} f. N. of
wks.; %{-vat} mfn. occasional, incidental Das3.; %{-vazAt} ind. according to the time, as
occasion may demand MW.; %{-vinivRtti} f. the non-recurrence of a case Mn. viii, 368;
%{-sama} m. (in Nya1ya) the sophism that the proof too must be proved Nya1yas.
Sarvad.; %{-gA7nu}. %{saGgena} ind. by the way, by the by, Sa1m2khyas. Sch.; %{gA7bharaNa} n. N. of a modern poetical anthology.

prasangena = because of attachment

prasannachetasaH = of the happy-minded
prasannam.h = with pleasant, satisfied look
prasanna * = mfn. clear, bright, pure (lit. and fig.) MBh. Ka1v. &c.; distinct, perspicuous
MBh. Ka1m.; true, right, plain, correct, just Ma1lav. Ma1lati1m.; placid, tranquil R. Var.
A1p.; soothed, pleased; gracious, kind, kindly disposed towards (with loc. gen., or acc.
aod %{prati}), favourable (as stars &c.); gracious, showing favour (as a speech)
MaitrUp. MBh. Ka1v. &c.; m. N. of a prince Hemac.; (%{A}) f. propitiating, pleasing W.;
spirituous liquor made of rice Car. Pat.; %{-kalpa} mfn. almost quiet, tolerably calm
Pan5cat.; %{-gAtr-tA}. f. having tranquil limbs (one of the 80 minor marks of a Buddha)
Dharmas. 84; %{-caNDikA} f. N. of a drama; %{-candra} m. N. of a prince HParis3.; %
{-jala} mfn. containing clear water R.; %{-tarka} mfn. conjecturing right Ma1lav.; %{tA} f. brightness, clearness, purity Sus3r.; clearness of expression, perspicuity Cat.;
complacence, good humour Ka1v. Ra1jat. VP.; %{-tva} n. clearness, purity MBh. Ragh.;
%{-pAda} m. or n. (?) N. of wk. by Dharma-kirti; %{-prA7ya} mfn. rather plain or
correct, Ma1latim.; %{-mukha} mfn. `" placid-countenanced "', looking pleased, smiling
W.; %{-rasa} mfn. clear-juiced Kpr.; %{-rAghava} n. N. of a drama by Jaya-deva; %{veGkaTe7zva-mAhAmya} n. N. of a legend in the Bhavishyo7ttara-Pura1n2a; %{-salila}
mfn. %{-jala} MBh.; %{-sannA7tman} mfn. gracious-minded, propitious MaitrUp.; %{sanne7rA} f. spirituous liquor made of rice L.
prasannaa = is pleased
prasannaatmaa = fully joyful

prasannena = happily
prasabhaM = by force
prasavishhyadhvaM = be more and more prosperous
prasahyasaahin.h = he who overcomes the powerful
prasaadaM = the mercy of the Lord
prasaadajaM = born of the satisfaction
prasaadaye = to beg mercy
prasaadaat.h = by favour, grace
prasaade = on achievement of the causeless mercy of the Lord
prasaadhayati = to comb
prasaadya *= mfn. to be rendered gracious, be propitiated MBh. R. Sa1h. Ba1lar.
prasaaraH = (m) broadcast, propoganda, expanse
prasaarayati = to spread
prasaarita = stretched out

prasaarya = (gerund) holding forth

prasaJj * = P. A1. %{-sajati}, %{-te}, (P.) to hang on, attach to (loc.) La1t2y.; to hang
with i.e. to provide or supply with (instr.) S3Br.; to cling to (loc.) Das3.; to engage with
any one(loc.) in a quarrel or dispute, ChUP.; (only ind. p. %{-sajya}) to be attached to the
world BhP.; to result, follow, be the consequence of anything Sarvad.; to cause to take
place Pat.; (A1.) to attach one's self to (acc.) MBh.: Pass. %{sajyate}, or %{-sajjate} (%{ti}), to attach one's self, cling to, be devoted to or intent upon or occupied with (loc.) Mn.
MBh. &c.; to be in love (pr.p. %{-sajjantI}) Hariv.; (%{-sajjate}), to be the consequence
of something else, result, follow, be applicable Pat. Bha1sha1p. Sarvad.: Caus. P. %{saJjayati}, to cause to take place Naish.; A1. %{-sajjayate}, to attach to, stick in (loc.;
with %{na}, `" to fly through "', said of an arrow) R.
prasakta* = mfn. attached, cleaving or adhering or devoted to, fixed or intent upon,
engaged in, occupied with (loc. or comp.) Mn. MBh. &c.; clinging to the world, mundane
BhP.; being in love, enamoured MBh. Ka1v.; (ifc.) supplied or provided with R. (v.l. %
{pra-yukta}); resulting, following, applicable Ka1s3. Katha1s. Sarvad.; continual, lasting,
constant, eternal MBh. Ka1v. &c.; used, employed W.; got, obtained ib.; opened,
expanded ib.; contiguous, near A.; (%{-sakta4}), w.t for %{-satta4} AV.; ibc. and(%
{am}) ind. continually, incessantly, eternally, ever Ka1v.; %{-dhI} or %{-hRdaya} mfn.
with heart or mind intent upon or occupied with (comp.) Var.; %{-tA7zrumukha} mf(%
{I})n. having the face wet with tears R.
prasaktavya* = mfn. to be attached to (loc.) Katha1s.
pras'ama* = m. calmness, tranquillity "' (esp. of mind), quiet, rest, cessation, extinction,
abatement MBh. Kv. &c.; m. N. of a son of naka-dundisbhi and S'nti-deva BhP.; ({I})

f. N. of an Apsaras MBh.; {-M-kara} mfn. causing the cessation of (gen.), disturbing,

interrupting R.; {-rati-sUsra} n. N. of wk.; {-sthita} mfn. being in a state of quiescence
Ragh.; {-mA7yana} mfn. walking in tranquillity BhP.
pras'aama* = tranquillity, pacification, suppression W
pras'aMsaa* = f. praise, commendation, fame, glory (with Buddhists one of the 8 worldly
conditions Dharmas. 61) S'Br. &c. &c. (cf. {aprastuta-p-}, {strI-p-}; w.r. {-zaMzA}); {nAman} n. an expression of praise Nir.; {mukhara} mfn. loud with praise, praising
loudly ({-rA7nana}, mfn. `" one whose mouth is lloud wwith prpraise "', speaking
loudly in praise of anything) Rjat.; {--lApa} ({-sA7l-}) m. applause, acclamation Das'.;
{-vacana} n. pl. a laudatory speech MBh.; {--vali} ({-sA7v-}) f. a poem of praise,
panegyric Blar.; {-zaMso7pamA} f. (in rhet.) laudatory comparison, comparing to
anything superior Kvya7d. [695,1]
prasan'ga (prasaGga) * = m. adherence, attachment, inclination or devotion to,
indulgence in, fondness for, gratification of, occupation or intercourse with (loc. gen. or
comp.) Mn. MBh. &c. (%{ena} ind. assiduously, zealously, eagerly ; cf. also below) ; evil
inclination or illicit pursuit Mn. ix, 5 ; union, connection (ifc. `" connected with "' e.g. %
{madhu-prasaGga-madhu}, `" honey connected with or coming in the spring season "')
Ratna7v. i, 17 [696,3] ; (pl.) all that is connected with or results from anything Ka1m. ;
occurrence of a possibility, contingency, case, event S3rS. Mn. S3am2k. Pa1n2. Sch. (e.g.
%{ecaH@pluta-prasaGge}, `" in the event of a diphthong being prolated "') ;
applicability Vajras. ; an occasion, incident, conjuncture, time, opportunity MBh. Ka1v.
&c. (ibc. ; %{ena}, %{At} and %{atas} ind. when the occasion presents itself,
occasionally, incidentally ; %{prasaGge@kutrA7pi}, `" on a certain occasion "' ; %
{amunA@prasaGgena}, %{tat-prasaGgena} or %{etat-prasaGge}, `" on that occasion "')

; mention of parents (? = %{guru-kIrtita}) Sa1h. ; (in dram.) a second or subsidiary

incident or plot W. ; N. of a man Katha1s. ; (pl.) of a Buddhistic school ; %{-nivAraNa} n.
the prevention of (similar) eases, obviation of (like future) contingencies Kull. on Mn.
viii, 334 ; %{-pro7Sita} mfn. happening to be departed or absent Das3. ; %{-ratnA7kara}
m. %{-ratnA7valI} f. N. of wks. ; %{-vat} mfn. occasional, incidental Das3. ; %{-vazAt}
ind. according to the time, as occasion may demand MW. ; %{-vinivRtti} f. the nonrecurrence of a case Mn. viii, 368 ; %{-sama} m. (in Nya1ya) the sophism that the proof
too must be proved Nya1yas. Sarvad. ; %{-gA7nu}. %{saGgena} ind. by the way, by the
by, Sa1m2khyas. Sch. ; %{-gA7bharaNa} n. N. of a modern poetical anthology.
praasaGga *= m. a kind of yoke for cattle MBh. ; %{-vAhIvA4h} mfn. = %{uSTR}
A1pS3r. Sch.
prashthha * = mf(%{I})n. ( %{sthA}; cf. Pa1n2. 8-3, 92) standing in front, foremost,
principal, best, chief Ragh. Ra1jat.; m. a leader, conductor Kuval.; a species of plant L.;
(%{I}) f. the wife of a leader or chief L.
prasiidati *V: is pleased, becomes happy, becomes satisfied, gets satified.

prasid.hdhyet.h = is effected *= brough about, acoomplished, arranged, adorned,

wellknown, notorious
prasiddhaH = famous (Masc.nom.S)
prasiddhaka* = m. N. of a prince descended from Janaka (son of Maru and father of
Kriitti-ratha) R.
prasiddhi* = f. accomplishment, success, attainment Mn. Yj. Km. BhP.; proof,

argument Kaths.; general opinion, publicity, celebrity, renown, fame, rumour Var. Kv.
Kaths.; {-mat} mfn. universally known, famous Kaths.; {viruddha-tA} f. the state of
being opposed to general opinion, sh. (= {khyAti-v-}); {-hata} mfn. having no value,
very trivial Kpr.
prasiddha * = (%{pra4-}) mfn. brought about, accomplished Kum. (%{a-pras-});
arranged, adomed (as hair) ib.; well known, notorious, celebrated TS. &c. &c.; (%{A}) f.
(in music) a partic. measure Sam2gi1t.; %{-kSatriya-prA7ya} mfn. consisting for the
most part of renowned Kshatriyas MW.; %{-tA} f. (Ni1lak.), %{-tva} n. (Sarvad.)
celebrity, notoriety.
prasIdikA* = f. a small garden L. (v.l. {prasedikA}).
prasidh* = 2. P. . {-sedhati}, {-te}, to drive on RV. TndBr. Lthy. \\3. P. {-sidhyati},
(rarely . {te}), to be accomplished or effected, succeed Mn. MBh. &c.; to result from
(abl.) Mn. xii, 97; to be explained or made clear Ks'. on Pn. 3-1, 122.
prasiida = be pleased * = (%{pra4-}) mfn. brought about, accomplished Kum. (%{apras-}); arranged, adomed (as hair) ib.; well known, notorious, celebrated TS. &c. &c.;
(%{A}) f. (in music) a partic. measure Sam2gi1t.; %{-kSatriya-prA7ya} mfn. consisting
for the most part of renowned Kshatriyas MW.; %{-tA} f. (Ni1lak.), %{-tva} n. (Sarvad.)
celebrity, notoriety.
prasidati * = thus becomes fully satisfied; SB 1.2.19\\ becomes reconciled; SB 2.1.19\\
become satisfied; SB 3.9.12\\ becomes very pleased; SB 3.13.48\\ becomes happy; SB
3.14.47\\ becomes fully satisfied; SB 4.20.9\\ is pleased; SB 5.2.15\\ actually becomes
happy; SB 6.2.32\\is pleased; SB 6.19.1\\ become fully satisfied; SB 7.11.7\\ is in favor;

SB 8.21.24\\ is spiritually satisfied; SB 11.20.22\\ becomes satisfied; SB 11.21.43\\ gets

satisfaction; CC Madhya 20.147-148
prasi* = 1. (only . pf. {siSye}, with pass. meaning), to bind-render harmless Rjat.
prasic* = P. {-siJcati}, to pour out, shed, emit AV. &c. &c,; to sprinkle, water MBh.
Hariv.; to fill (a vessel) KaushUp.: Pass. {-sicyate}, to be poured out or flow forth MBh.
Sus'r.; to be watered i.e. refreshed MBh.: Caus. {-secayati}, to pour into (loc.) Yj.
prasikta* = mfn. poured out Uttarar. Sus'r.; (ifc.) sprinkled with MBh.
prasiv* = P. {-sIvyati}, to sew up S'Br.
prasIdikA* = f. a small garden L. (v.l. {prasedikA}).
prasita* = mfn. (for 2. see below) bound, fastened W.; diligent, attentive, attached or
devoted to, engrossed by, engaged in, occupied with (loc. or instr.; cf. Pn. 2-3, 44)
Ragh. Siddh.; lasting, continuous SaddhP. 1.
prasiti* = ({pra4-}) f. (for 2. see below) a net for catching birds RV. iv, 4, 1 &c. (Nir.
Sy.); a ligament, binding, fetter L.
prasita* = 2 mfn. (2. {si}; cf. {pra-si} above) darting along RV.; n. pus, matter L. 2.
prasiti* = ({pra4-}) f. (for 1. see above) onward rush, onset, attack, assault RV.; a throw,
cast, shot, missile VS. TBr.; stretch, reach, extension, sphere RV.; succession, duration
VS.; dominion, power, authority, influence RV.

prasritaa = extended
prasritaaH = extendedpravachanena = (instr.sing.)thro' discourse or lecture
prastha * = mfn. going on a march or journey, going to or abiding in (cf. %{vana-pr-});
stable, firm, solid W.; expanding, spread ib.; m. n. table-land on the top of a mountain
MBh. Ka1v. &c.; a level expanse, plain (esp. at the end of names of towns and villages; cf.
%{indra-}, %{oSadhi-}, %{karIra-pr-} and see Pa1n2. 4-2, 110); a partic. weight and
measure of capacity (= 32 Palas or = 1/4 of an A1d2haka; or = 16 Palas= 4 Kud2avas=
1/4 of an Ad2haka; or = 2 S3ara1vas; or = 6 Palas; or = 1/16 of a Dron2a) MBh. Ka1v.
Sus3r. &c.; m. N. of a monkey R.; %{-kusuma} or %{-puSpa} m. `" flowering on
mountain-tops "', a species of plant, a variety of Tulasi or basil L.; %{-m-paca} mf(%
{A})n. cooking the amount of a Prastha (said of a cooking utensil capable of containing
one PPrastha) Pa1n2. 3-2, 33 Sch.; %{-vat} m. a mountain L.
prasthaa * = P. %{-tiSThati}, (rarely A1. %{te}). to stand or rise up (esp. before the
gods. an altar &c.) RV. TS. VS.; to advance towards (acc.) S3Br. S3a1n3khSr.; (A1.; cf.
Pa1n2. i, 3, 22) to be awake MBh.; (A1. m. c. also P.) to set out, depart from (abl.),
proceed or march to (acc. with or without %{prati}) or with a view to or in order to (dat.
or inf) A1s3vGr2. MBh. Ka1v. &c.; (with %{AkAze}) to move or abide in the open air R.:
Caus. %{-sthApayati}, to put aside AV. [699,3]; to send out, send to (acc. with or without
%{prati}) or for the purpose of (dat. or loc.), send away or home, dispatch messengers
&c., dismiss, banish MBh. Ka1v. &c.; drive, urge on (horses), Kum Desid. A1. %{tiSThAsate}, to wish to set out S3am2k. Bhat2t2.\\%{-stha} in %{-vat} mfn. having a
platform AV.; (%{-vatI}), t N. of a river Hariv.
prastobha *= m. allusion or reference to (gen.) BhP. ; du. (with %{rajer} %{aGgirasasya}) N. of 2
Sa1mans A1rshBr.

prastotR * = m. N. of the assistant of the Udgtrii (who chants the Prastva) Br. S'rS.
MBh. &c.; {-prayoga} m. {-sAman} n. N. of wks.
prastotriiya * =mfn. relating to the Prastotrii Lthy. Sch.
prastobha * =m. allusion or reference to (gen.) BhP.; du. (with {rajer} {aGgirasasya}) N.
of 2 Smans rshBr.
pras'asta *= mfn. praised , commended , considered fit or good , happy , auspicious (as
stars , days &c.) RV. A1s3vGr2. Mn. MBh. &c. ; better , more excellent Gaut. ; best
A1past. ; consecrated (as water) Var. ; m. N. of a man Katha1s. ; of a poet Cat. ; (%{A}) f.
N. of a river MBh. ; %{-kara} m. N. of an author (perhaps the writer of a wk. entitled
Pras3asta) Cat. ; %{-kalaza} m. N. of a man Ra1jat. ; %{-ta} f. (MW.) or %{-tva} n.
(Mcar.) excellence , goodness ; %{-paribhASA} f. N. of wk. ; %{-pAda} m. N. of an
author Sarvad. Cat. ; %{-bhASya} n. N. of wk. Cat. ; %{-vacana} n. pl. laudatory words ,
praises Mr2icch. ; %{-zastA7dri} m. N. of a mountain to the west of Madhya-des3a Var.
prazna * =1 m. basket-work, a plaited basket Kaus'. (Sch. `" a turban "'). \\* =2 m. (
{prach}) a question, demand, interrogation, query, inquiry after (comp.; cf. {kuzala-p-})
S'Br. &c. &c.; judicial inquiry or examination (cf. {sA7kSi-p}); astrological inquiry into
the future (cf. {divya-}, {deva-}, {daiva-p-}); a subject of inquiry, point at issue,
controversy, problem S'Br. &c. &c. ({praznam} {pra-brU} "', to decide a controverted
point "'; {nam} {i}, with acc. or {-nam} {A} {gam}, with loc. of pers., `" to lay a question
before any one for decision "'; {praznas tava pitari}, the point at issue is before thy father
"'); a task or lesson (in Vedic recitation) RPrt.; a short section or paragraph (in books)
Col. &c.

prasupta * = mfn. fallen into sleep, fast asleep, sleeping, slumbering Mn. MBh. &c.;
closed (said of flowers) Ka1lid.; having slept Hit.; asleep i.e. insensible Sus3r.; quiet,
inactive, latent BhP.; %{-tA} f. = next Sus3r.
prasvaapana * = mf(%{I})n. causing sleep MBh. Ka1v. &c. (%{-nI@dazA} f. condition of
ssleep Ma1rkP.); n. the act of sending to ssleep R.
prata = Quality
prataapavaan.h = the valiant
prataapa * = m. glowing heat, heat, warmth Ka1v. Var. Sus3r. ; splendour, brilliancy,
glory, majesty, dignity, power, strength, energy Mn. MBh. &c. ; Calotropis Gigantea (= %
{arka}) L. ; N. of a man MBh. Ra1jat. ; %{-candra} m. N. of a king Katha1s. ; of a Jaina
author Sarvad. ; %{-deva} (Cat), %{-dhavala} (Inscr.) m. N. of princes ; %{-nAraziMha}
or %{-nRsiMha} m. N. of wks. ; %{-pAla} m. N. of a man Ra1jat. ; %{-pura} n. N. of a
town ib. ; %{-mArtaNDa} m. N. of sev. wks. ; %{-mukuTa} m. N. of a prince Vet. ; %{rAja} m. N. of a king Dharmas3. ; %{rAma-pUjA} f. N. of wk. [661,2] ; %{-rudra} m. N.
of a king of the Ka1kati1yas (or according to others of Vijayanagara or of Eka-s3ila1 ; sev.
wks. are attributed to him, though in reality composed by different authors) Cat. ; %{dra-kalyANa} n. N. of a drama ; %{-dra-yazo-bhUSaNa}, or = %{-drIya} n. N. of wk. by
Vidya1-na1tha on rhetoric (in which king Prata1pa-rudra is eulogized) ; %{-vat} mfn. full
of splendour, majestic, glorious, powerful MBh. R. &c. ; m. N. of S3iva S3ivag. ; of an
attendant of Skanda MBh. ; %{-velA7valI} f. (in music) N. of a Ra1ga ; %{-zIla} m. N. of
a king (= %{zilA7ditya}) Ra1jat. ; %{-zekhara} m. (in music) a kind of measure ; %{siMha} and %{-siMha-rAja} m. N. of authors Cat. ; %{-pA7ditya} m. N. of sev. princes
(%{-tA} f.) Ra1jat. ; %{-pA7laMkAra} m. N. of wk. (prob.= %{-parudrIya}) ; %{-

pe7ndra} m. N. of the sun Hcar.

pratap * = P. %{-tapati}, to give forth heat, burn, glow, shine (lit. and fig.) MBh. Ka1v.
&c. ; to feel pain, suffer R. ; to warm, heat, shine upon S3Br. &c. &c. ; to roast, bake R.
Sus3r. ; to kindle, light, illumine RV. ; to pain with heat, torment, harass MBh. Ka1v.:
Pass. %{-tapyate}, to suffer pain BhP.: Caus. %{-tApayati} (fut. %{-tApitA} MBh. viii,
1971), to make warm, heat Gr2S3rS. MBh. and e. ; to set on fire, irradiate, illuminate R. ;
to destroy or pain with heat, torment, harass MBh. R. &c.
pratapa * = m. the heat of the sun ; %{-tra} n. a parasol BhP.
pratapana * = n. warming, heating Ka1tyS3r. MBh. Sus3r. ; %{-ne-kR}, (prob.) to put
near the fire, make warm (ind. p. %{-kRtya}, or %{-kRtvA}) g. %{sA7kSAd-Adi}.
pratapat * = mf(%{antI})n. burning glowing, shining (lit. and fig.), feeling pain, doing
penance MBh. ; m. the sun MW. (cf. MBh. iv, 42) ; an ascetic R.
pratapta * = mfn. hot, glowing shining MBh. ; subjected to great heat, annealed BhavP.
; pained (esp. by heat), tortured, harassed MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; (prob.) n. annealed gold R.
prataptR m. one who burns or singes S3am2k.
pratapanti = are scorching
prathaya * = Nom. P. %{-yati} = %{pRthum@AcaSTe} Pat. (cf. Caus. of %{prath}).
prathayat * = mfn. spreading out, extending &c. AV. &c. &c.; seeing, beholding W.

prati = towards * = 1 ind. (as a prefix to roots and their derivative nouns and other
nnouns, sometimes {pratI}; for 2. see p, 664) towards, near to; against, in opposition
to; back, again, in return; down upon, upon, on; before nouns it expresses also likeness
or comparison (cf. {prati-candra}); or it forms Avyayibhvas of different kinds (cf.
{prati-kSaNam}, {prati-graham}, {praty-agni} &c.; rarely ifc. e.g. {sUpaprati}, a little
broth Pn. 2-1, 9); or as a prep. with usually preceding acc., in the sense of towards,
against, to, upon, in the direction of (e.g. {zabdam p-}, in the dirdirection of the sound
R.; {agnim pr-}, against the fire Mn.; also {praty-agni} ind. Pn. 6-2, 33 Sch.; {ripum pr}, agagainst the enemy Mn.; {AtmAnam pr-}, to one's self Ratna7v.); opposite, before,
in the presence of (e.g. {rodasI pr-}, befbefore heaven and earth RV.); in comparison,
on a par with, in proportion to (e.g. {indram pr-}, in comparcomparison with llittle
RV.; {sahasrANi pr-}, on a par with i.e. equivalent to thousands ib.; also with abl. or {tas}; cf. Pn. 1-4, 92; ii, 3, 11); in the vicinity of, near, beside, at, on (e.g. {yUpam pr-},
near the sacrificial post AitBr.; {gaGgAm pr-}, at or on the Ganges R.; {etat pr-}, at this
point TS.; {Ayodhanam pr-}, on the field of battle MBh.); at the time of, about, through,
for (e.g. {phAlgunam pr-}, about the month PhPhlguna Mn.; {ciram pr-}, for a long
time MBh.; {bhRzam pr-}, often, repeatedly Car.); or used distributively (cf. Pn. 1-4,
90) to express at every, in or on every, severally (e.g. {yajJam pr-}, at every sacrifice
Yj.; {yajJaM yajJam pr-} TS.; {varSam pr-}, every year, anually Pacat.; in this sense
often comp.; cf. above); in favour of, for (Pn. 1-4, 90; e.g. {pANDavAn pr-}, in favour of
the PPn. MBh.) [661, 3]; on account of, with regard to, concerning (Pn. ib. e.g.
{sImAm pr-}, concconcerning a boundary Mn.; {gautamam pr-}, with regregard to
GGanges R.); conformably or according to (e.g. {mAm pr-}, accaccording to me, i.e.
in my opinion Mlav.; cf. {mAm praty araNyavat pratibhAti}, `" it seems to me like a
forest "' Hit.; {na bubhukSitam prati bhAti kiM cit}, `" to a hungry man nothing is of any
account "' Ks'. on Pn. 2-3, 2); as, for (after a verb meaning, to regard or consider "'; cf.
Vikr. iv, 69); or as prep. with abl. in return or as compensation for, instead or in the

place of (Pn. 1-4, 92 Sch.); with abl. or {-tas} see above; with abl. or gen. (?) to express,
`" about "', `" at the time of "' (only {prprati vastoH} "', at daybreak "' RV.); as prep.
with gen. = with reference to Hariv. 10967. [Cf. Zd. {paiti}; Gk. $, $, $.] &202234[661,
3]
pratibuddha * = (%{pra4ti-}) mfn. awakened, awake (also said of the Dawn) RV. &c.
&c. ; one who has attained to perfect knowledge S3Br. (cf. MWB. 98 n.) ; illuminated,
enlightened BhP. ; observed, recognized ib. ; known, celebrated W. ; made prosperous or
great ib. ; %{-vastu} mfn. understanding the real nature of things BhP. ; %{-ddhA7tman}
mfn. having the mind roused or awakened, awake MW.
pratibuddhaka * = mfn. known, recognized (%{a-pratib-}) MBh.
pratii * = 1 in comp. for {prati} (cf. Pn. 6-3, 122 Vrtt. 3 Pat.)\\2 ({prati-i}) P. {pratyeti}, to go towards or against, go to meet (as friend or foe) RV. &c. &c.; to come back,
return ib.; to resort or apply to RV. AV. S'Br.; to fall to a persos (dat.) lot or share
AitBr.; to receive, accept MBh.; (also Pass.) to admit, recognize, be certain of, be
convinced that (2 acc.) GriS'rS. Nir. R. &c.; to trust, believe (with gen.) Kaths.: Pass.
{pratI7yate}, to be admitted or recognized, follow, result Kv. S'ank. Hit. (p. {-yamAna},
known, understood, implicit Pn. Sh.): Caus. {praty-Ayayati} (Pass. {praty-Ayyate}), to
lead towards i.e. cause to recognize or acknowledge, convince (any one of the truth of
anything) Klid.; to make clear, prove S'ank. Sh.: Desid. {pratI7SiSati}, to wish or try to
understand Pn. 2-4, 47 Sch.
praticchad * = ( %{chid}) P. %{-cchAdayati} , to cover , envelop , hide , conceal , Kaus3
MBh. &c.

praticchanna * = mfn. covered , enveloped , hidden , concealed , disguised MBh. Ka1v.

&c. ; endowed or furnished with (ifc.) MBh. iii , 1268.
pratiiciina * = mfn. turned towards, going or coming ttowards RV.; (%{-cI4na}) mfn.
turned away from, turning the back RV.; being behind, coming from bbehind AV.;
turning westward, western TS. Br.; subsequent, future (with abl.) RV. TBr.; (%{am}) ind.
back to one's self TBr.; backwards, behind TS. TBr. Ka1t2h. BhP.
pratiiksha *= mf(%{A})n. looking backward (see %{apr-}); (also %{-kSaka} R.) looking
forward to, waiting for, expectant of (ifc.) MBh. Ka1v. &c.; having regard to (ifc.) Hariv.;
(%{A4}) f. expectation TBr. Kat2hUp.; consideration, attention, respect, veneration
A1past. MBh. R.
pratiita * = mfn. acknow. ledged, recognized, known ({zyAmaiti}, `" by the name of
SS'ank "') Nir. Mn. MBh. &c.; convinced of anything, trusting in, firmly resolved upon
(comp.) KathhUp. MBh. Hit.; satisfied, cheerful, glad, pleased AitBr. MBh. &c.;
respectful L.; past, gone L.; clever, wise L.; m. N. of a divinity enumerated among the
Vis've Devs. MBh.; {-sena} m. N. of a prince Buddh.; {-tA7kSarA} f. N. of a Comm. on
the Mita7kshar; {-tA7tman} mfn. confident, resolute MBh.; {-tA7rtha} mfn. having a
recognized or acknowledged meaning Nir.; {-tA7zva} m. N. of a prince VP.
pratijaaniihi = declare
pratijaa* =f. admission, acknowledgment, assent, agreement, promise, vow MBh. Kv.
&c.; a statement, assertion, declaration, affirmation ib.; (in logic) a proposition, the
assertion or proposition to be proved, the first member or {avyaya} of the fivemembered
Nyya syllogism IW. 61; (in law) a plaint, complaint, indictment, prosecution Yj.

pratijaane = I promise
pratidinaM = every day
pratinananda * = m. N. of a poet Cat.
pratinanandana * = n. greeting, salutation, friendly acceptance AV. ; thanksgiving MW.
pratinanandita * = mfn. saluted or accepted kindly or cheerfully MBh. Ka1v. &c.
pratinand * = P. %{-nandati}, to greet cheerfully, salute (also in return), bid welcome or
farewell, address kindly, favour, befriend AV. &c. &c. ; to receive joyfully or thankfully, to
accept willingly (with %{na}, to decline, refuse, reject) Mn. MBh. &c.: Caus. %{nandayati}, to gladden, delight, gratify MBh. Ka1m.
pratinidhii = (m) representative, delegate
pratinivishhTa = perverse, obstinate
pratibimbam.h = (n) reflection
pratiichii = (f) west
pratijaagR *= P. %{-jAgarti} , to watch beside (acc.) RV. VS. AV. ; to keep (?) DivyA7v.
pratijaagraaha *V= accepted, took hold
pratijaagRvi *= mfn. watchful , attentive Cat.

pratiloma = going against the grain* = mf({A})n. against the hair or grain (opp. to {anul-}), contrary to the natural course or order, reverse, inverted; adverse, hostile,
disagreeable, unpleasant; low, vile S'Br. RPrt. S'rS. &c.; left, not right W.; contrary to
caste (where the mother is of a higher caste than the father) ib.; (ibc. and {a4m} ind.)
against the hair, agagainst the grain, in reversed or inverted order TS. Br. s'vS'r. &c.;
m. N. of a man; pl. his descendants g. {upakA7di}; ({A}) f. a partic. incantation (to be
recited from the end to the beginning) Kaths.; n. any disagreeable or injurious act;
({ena}) ind. in an unfriendly manner, unpleasantly Cn.; {-ja} mfn. born in the inverse
order of the classes (as of a Kshatriya father and Brhman mother, or of a Vais'ya
ffather and Kshatriy mman or BBrhman mman, in which cases the wife is of a
higher caste than the husband; cf. Mn. x, 16) W.; {-tas} ind. in consequence of the
inverted order or course Mn. x, 68; invertedly, in inverted order or series Yj. MBh.
Pacat.; {-rUpa} mfn. inverted KaushUp.; {-mA7nuloma} mfn. speaking against or for
anything; (ibc. and {am} ind.) in inverted order or course and in the natural oorder or
ccourse Mn. Yj.; {-ma-tas} ind. in an unfriendly and friendly manner R.
pratimaa = (f) statue, image; perceived, understood, apprehended; resulted, followed as
a consequeuce; that has experienced, tasted, tried or enjoyed \\* = m. a creator, maker,
framer AV. VS.; ({A4}) f. an image, likeness, symbol RV. &c. &c.; a picture, statue,
figure, idol Mn. Hariv. Ragh. (IW. 218, 1; 241); reflection (in comp. after a word
meaning `" moon "' cf. below); measure, extent (cf. below); N. of a metre RPrt.; the
part of an elephant's head between the tusks (also {-ma} m.) L. (ifc. like, similar,
resembling, equal to TBr. MBh. &c.; having the measure of, as long or wide &c. as e.g.
{tri-nalva-pr-}, 3 Nalvas long Hariv.; {-ma-tA} f. {-tva} n. reflection, image, shadow W.);
{-gata} mfn. present in an idol (as a deity) Ragh.; {-candra} m. `" reflection-moon "',
image of the mmoon Ragh.; {-dAna} n. {-dravyA7di-vacana} n. N. of wks.; {paricAraka} m. an attendant upon an idol (= {devala}) Kull. (cf. IW. 218, 1); {-pUjA} f.

worship of images MWB. 464; {-pratiSThA} f. (and {-thA-vidhi}, m.), {-rodanA7diprA7yazcitta-vidhi} m. {-lakSaNa} n. N. of wks.; {vizeSa} m. a sort of image, a kind of
figure MW.; {-zazA7Gka} m. = {-candra} Ragh.; {-sampro7kSaNa} n. N. of wk.; {me7ndu} m. = {-mAcandra} Rjat.
pratishthhaa *= ( %{sthA}) P. A1. %{-tiSThati} , %{-te} , to stand , stay , abide , dwell
RV. &c. &c. ; to stand still , set (as the sun) , cease MBh. BhP. ; to stand firm , be based
or rest on (loc.) , be established , thrive , prosper RV. &c. &c. ; to depend or rely on (loc.)
Vajracch. ; to withstand , resist (acc.) MBh. Hariv. ; to spread or extend over (acc.)
MBh.: Caus. %{SThApayati} , to put down , place upon , introduce into (loc.) Br.
Gr2S3rS. ; to set up , erect (as an image) , Ratnav. ; to bring or lead into (loc.) MBh. ; to
establish in , appoint to (loc.) ib. R. &c. ; to transfer or offer or present to , bestow or
confer upon (dat. or loc.) A1s3vGr2. Mn. MBh. &c. ; to fix , found , prop , support ,
maintain TS. Br. MBh. Hariv. ; to hold against or opposite R.\\ f. (ifc. f. %{A}) standing
still , resting , remaining , steadfastness , stability , perseverance in (comp.) VS. &c. &c. ;
a standpoint , resting-place , ground , base , foundation , prop , stay , support RV. &c.
&c. ; a receptacle , homestead , dwelling , house AV. &c. &c. (ifc. abiding or dwelling in
Ragh. Pur.) ; a pedestal , the foot (of men or amimals) AV. Br. S3a1n3khS3r. ; limit ,
boundary W. ; state of rest , quiet , tranquillity , comfort , ease MBh. Ka1v. ; setting up
(as of an idol &c. RTL. 70) ; pre-eminence , superiority , high rank or position , fame ,
celebrity Ka1v. Katha1s. Ra1jat. ; establishment on or accession to (the throne &c.)
Hariv. S3ak. Var. Ra1jat. ; the performance of any ceremony or of any solemn act ,
consecration or dedication (of a monument or of an idol or of a temple &c. ; cf. %
{prA7Na-pr-}) , settling or endowment of a daughter , completion of a vow , any
ceremony for obtaining supernatural and magical powers Var. Katha1s. Ra1jat. Pur. ; a
mystical N. of the letter %{A} L. ; N. of one of the Ma1tr2is attending on Skanda MBh. ;
of sev. metres RPra1t. ; (with %{prajA-pateH}) N. of a Sa1man A1rshBr. ; = %{hrasva}

Naigh. iii , 2 ; = %{yoga-siddhi} or %{-niSpatti} L. ; %{-kamalA7kara} m. %{-kalpalatA}

f. %{-kalpA7di} , m.pl. N. of wks. ; %{-kAma} (%{-SThA4-}) mfn. desirous of a firm
basis or a fixed abode or a high position TS. Ta1n2d2Br. Gr2S3rS. BhP. ; %{-kaumudI} f.
%{-kaustubha} m. or n. %{-cintAmaNi} m. %{-tattva} n. %{-tantra} n. %{-tilaka} n. N. of
wks. ; %{-tva} n. the being a basis or foundation S3am2k. ; %{-darpaNa} m. %{-darza}
m. %{-dIdhiti} f. %{-dyota} m. %{-nirNaya} m. N. of wks. [671,3] ; %{--nvita} (%{SThA7nv-}) mfn. possessed of fame , celebrated MW. ; %{-paddhati} f. %{-mayUkha} m.
%{-ratna} n. %{-rahasya} n. %{-lakSaNa} n. N. of wks. ; %{-vat} mfn. having a
foundation or support TUp. ; %{-vidhi} m. %{-viveka} m. %{-saMgraha} m. %{samuccaya} m. %{-sAra} m. %{-sAra-saMgraha} m. %{-hemA7dri} m. %{STho7ddyota} , m. N. of wks.
pratishthhaana *= n. a firm standing-place , ground , foundation Pa1rGr2. MBh. &c. ; a
pedestal , foot TBr. MBh. R. ; the foundation (others `" consecration "') of a city
SkandaP. ; N. of a town at the confluence of the Gan3ga1 and Yamuna1 (on the left bank
of the GGan3ga1 opposite to Alla1ha1bad , the capital of the early kings of the lunar
dynasty) MBh. Hariv. Katha1s. &c. (IW. 511 n. 1) ; m. N. of a locality on the Go-da1vari
Katha1s. ; (du.) of the constellation Prosht2ha-pada L.
pratisthaanam *= ind. in every place , everywhere Prab. Sch.
pratishthha *= mf(%{A})n. standing firmly , steadfast S3Br. MBh. ; resisting Kaus3. ;
(ifc.) ending with , leading to Ja1takam. ; famous W. ; m. N. of the father of Su-pa1rs3va
(who was 7th Arhat of present Avasarpin2i) L. ; (%{A}) f. see next ; n. point of support ,
centre or base of anything RV. x , 73 , 6 (%{pratiSThA4hRdyA@jaghantha} , `" thou hast
stricken to the quick ; %{pratiSThA} may also be acc. pl. of next).

pratipa* = m. N. of a prince L. (prob. w.r. for %{pratIpa} q.v.)

pratIpa* = mf(%{A})n. (fr. %{prati+ap}; cf. %{anUpa}, %{dvIpa}, %{samIpa}), `"
against the stream "', `" agagainst the grain "', going in an opposite direction, meeting,
encountering, adverse, contrary, opposite, reverse MBh. R. Ragh. &c.; inverted, out of
order Sus3r. Var.; displeasing, disagreeable Mn. MBh. R. Hariv.; resisting, refractory,
cross, obstinate; impeding, hindering BhP. MBh. R. &c. backward, retrograde; turned
away, averted W.; m. an adversary, opponent BhP.; N. of a prince, the father of
S3a1m2tanu and grandfather of Bhi1shma AV. MBh. Hariv. &c.; n. (in rhet.) inverse
comparison (e.g. `" the lotus resembles thine eyes "', instead of the usual comparison `"
thine eeyes resemble the llotus; 5 forms are enumerated) Kuval. Prata1p. Sa1h. Kpr.;
N. of a gram. wk.; (%{a4m}) ind. against the stream, backwards; against RV. &c. &c.; in
return Ba1lar.; in inverted order Mn.; refractorily (with %{gam}, to resist S3ak.; with %
{abhy-upa-gam}, to go against, oppose R.).
pratipad* . {-padyate} (ep. fut. also {-patsyati}), to set foot upon, enter, go or resort to,
arrive at, resch, attain VS. &c. &c.; to walk, wander, roam ChUp.; to come back to (acc.),
return MBh.; to happen, occur, take place PrGri. MBh.; to get into (acc.), meet, with,
find, obtain, receive, take in or upon one's self. S'Br. &c. &c.; to receive back, recover
AitBr. S'ak.; to restore to favour Ragh.; to undertake, begin (acc. dat. or inf.), practise,
perform, accomplish Nir. MBh. Kv. &c.; to do anything to any person, act or proceed or
behave towards or against (loc. gen. or acc.) MBh. Hariv. R.; to make, render MBh.; to
fall to a persos (acc.) lot or share, PrGr.; to let a person (dat.) have anything past.; to
give back, restore Mn. viii, 183; to perceive, find out, discover, become aware of or
acquainted with, understand, learn MBh. R. &c.; to deem, consider, regard S'ank. Sh.;
to answer affirmatively say yes (with or scil. {tathA}, or {tathe7ti}), acknowledge, assent,
agree, promise MBh. Kv. &c.; to begin to speak, commence (with acc. or instr.) RV. Br.;

to answer ChUp. (also with {uttaram} R.): Caus. {-pAdayati}, to convey or lead to,
procure, cause to partake of (2 acc.). give a present to, bestow on (loc. dat. or gen.)
Kaus'. Mn. MBh. &c.; to give in marriage past.; to spend. ib.; to present with (instr.)
Krand.; to put in, appoint to (loc.) R.; to produce, cause, effect MBh. R. &c.; to
establish, substantiate, prove, set forth, explain, teach, impart MBh. R. &c.; to deem,
consider, regard as (2 acc.) Pacat. (v.l. {-vadasi} for {-pAdayasi}): Desid. {-pitsate}
(Pn. 7-4, 54), to wish to attain S'ank.; to wish to know Bhm.: Desid. of Caus. {pipAdayiSati}, to wish or intend to explain or analyze S'ank.
pratipad* = f. access, ingress. entrance VS. S'Br.; the path to be walked, the right path
L.; beginning, commencement TS. TBr.; an introductory verse or stanza Br. S'rS.; (also
{-padA} or {-padI}) the first day of a lunar fortnight (esp. of the moos wane) AgP. L.;
understanding, intelligence L.; taste for anything Jtakam.; rank, consequence W.; a
kettle-drum ib.; {-paccandra} m. the moon on the first day, the new moon (esp. revered
and saluted) Ragh.; {-pat-tUrya} n. a kind of kettle-drum (cf. {-patti-paTaha}) L.; {-panmaya} mfn. obedient, willing Jtakam.
pratipadyate = attains
pratipada* = n. N. of an Upa7nga; ({am}) ind. (also {-da} ibc.) at every step, on every
occasion, at every place, everywhere Kv.; at every word, word by word Sarvad.; literally,
expressly (Pn. 2-2, 10 Vrtt.1; vi, 2, 26 Sch.); each, singly R. (= {pratyekam} Sch.); {da-tva} n. walking step by step Kthh.
pratipadaa* = or f. see under {-pad}.
pratipaadya* = mfn. to be treated of or discussed, to be explained or propounded ({-tva}.

n.) S'ank. Veda7ntas. Ks'.

pratipUjya * = mfn. to be honoured Mn.
pratipur * = f. a hostile castle MaitrS.
pratipuur * = m. `" a counter-person "', a similar man ; a companion, assistant ; a
deputy, substitute Ka1tyS3r. Sch. ; (%{a-pratip-}, unmatched BhP.) ; the effigy of a man
(which thieves push into the interior of a house before entering it themselves) Mr2icch. ;
(ibc. and %{a4m} ind.) man by man, every mman, for each mman Br. Gr2S3rS. Hcar.
A1p. ; for each soul Sa1m2khyak.
pratirodhaH = (m) opposition
pratisaMkram * = A1. %{-kramate}, to go back again, come to an end BhP.: Caus. %{krAmayati}, to cause to go back or return ib.
pratisaMkrama * = m. re-absorption, dissolution (m.c. also %{-krAma}) ib.; (ifc. f. %
{A}) impression Sarvad.
pratisaMyudh * = (only pf. %{-yuyudhuH}), to resist an attack together BhP.
pratishhThaa = the rest
pratishhThaapya = placing
pratishhThitaM = situated

pratishhThitaa = fixed
pratispardhii = rival, competitor
pratiyotsyaami = shall counterattack
prativaara * = m. warding off , resisting (%{a-prativ-}) Sus3r. 2.
prativasati = lives adjunctly
prativeshin.h = (m) neighbour
pratiyaa *= P. %{-yAti} , to come or go to (acc. , also with %{prati}) RV. MBh. ; to go
against (acc.) Hariv. ; to go or come back , return to or into (acc.) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; to
comply with , oblige , please (acc.) R. ; to equal , be a match for (acc.) BhP. ; to be
returned or requited ib.: Caus. %{-yApayati} , to cause to return to (acc.) BhP.
pratyaaniikeshhu = on the opposite sides
pratyaahaara = control of the senses
pratyaacaksh *= A1. %{-caSTe} , to refuse , decline , reject , repulse (with acc. of pers.
or thing) S3rS. MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; to answer , refute , oppose in argument MW.
pratyaanii *= P. A1. %{-nayati} , %{-te} (inf. %{-nayitum} R.) , to lead or bring back ,
restore Kaus3. R. BhP. ; to recover , regain Hariv. BhP. ; to pour or fill up again S3Br.
Kaus3.: Desid. A1. %{-ninISate} , to wish to bring back , try to rearrange or restore MBh.

pratyaniika *= mfn. hostile , opposed , injuring (with gen.) ; withstanding , resisting

MBh. BhP. Sarvad. ; opposite Sus3r. Sarvad. ; equal , vying with Ka1vya7d. ; m. an
adversary , enemy BhP. ; n. a hostile army MBh. Hariv. ; hostility , enmity , a hostile
relation , hhostility position , rivality (sg. and pl.) MBh. R. ; injuring the relatives of an
enemy who cannot be injured himself Prata1p. Kpr. Kuval. ; injuring one who cannot
retaliate (?) W. ; %{-tva} n. = %{-bhAva} Sus3r. ; the state of an enemy , hostility MW. ;
%{-bhAva} m. being the contrary Nya1yad.
pratyanta mfn. bordering on , adjacent or contiguous to , skirting W. ; m. a border ,
frontier Ragh. Lalit. ; a bordering country i.e. a ccountry occupied by barbarians L. ;
(pl.) barbarous tribes Var. ; %{-janapada} n. a bordering country ; %{-dA7papatti} f.
birth in a bordbordering or barbarous ccountry (with Buddhists one of the eight
inauspicious ways of being born) Dharmas. 134 ; %{-deza} m. a country bordering upon
another , S3a1n3kh. Sch. ; %{-parvata} m. an adjacent (small) hill L. ; %{-vAsa} n. (!) a
frontier-place Lalit.
pratyssdis' *= P. %{-dizati} , to enjoin , direct , advise R. BhP. ; to report , relate (with 2
acc.) MBh. ; to summon Hit. ; to decline , reject , repel MBh. Ka1v.
pratyssdri *= A1. %{-driyate} , to show respect to (acc.) S3Br.
pratyaJc (pratyak) *= mfn. (nom. %{pratya4G}. %{pratI4cI}, %{pratIcI4} [and %
{pratyaJcI} Vop.] [675,1]; %{pratya4k}) turned towards, facing (acc.) RV. AV. VS.;
coming (opp. to %{arvAJc}, `" going "') RV.; being or coming from behind, turning the
back, averted, moving in an opposite direction ib. Br. Ka1tyS3r.; westward, western,
occidental, to the west of (abl.) VS. AV. Br. Mn. &c.; turned back or inward, inner,
interior Prab. BhP. Veda7ntas.; equal to, a match for (acc.) AV.; past, gone L.; m. the

individual soul Prab. vi, 4/5; (%{pratI4cI}) f. (with or scil. %{diz}) the west AV. &c. &c.;
N. of a river BhP.; (%{pratya4k}) ind. backwards, in an opposite direction RV. AV.;
behind (abl.) Ka1tyS3r.; down (opp. to %{Urdhvam}) Kat2hUp.; westward, to the west of
(abl.) S3rS. MBh. BhP.; inwardly, within BhP. Veda7ntas.; in former times L.
pratyavaayaH = diminution
pratyavavaruddha* = mfn. stopped, suppressed ib
pratyavarudh * = 2. (only ind. p. %{-rudhya}), to recover BhP.
pratyaksha = direct evidence
pratyakshaM = standing before the eye
pratyac *= mfn. (nom. %{pratya4G}. %{pratI4cI}, %{pratIcI4} [and %{pratyaJcI}
Vop.] [675,1] ; %{pratya4k}) turned towards, facing (acc.) RV. AV. VS. ; coming (opp. to
%{arvAJc}, `" going "') RV. ; being or coming from behind, turning the back, averted,
moving in an opposite direction ib. Br. Ka1tyS3r. ; westward, western, occidental, to the
west of (abl.) VS. AV. Br. Mn. &c. ; turned back or inward, inner, interior Prab. BhP.
Veda7ntas. ; equal to, a match for (acc.) AV. ; past, gone L. ; m. the individual soul Prab.
vi, 4/5 ; (%{pratI4cI}) f. (with or scil. %{diz}) the west AV. &c. &c. ; N. of a river BhP. ;
(%{pratya4k}) ind. backwards, in an opposite direction RV. AV. ; behind (abl.) Ka1tyS3r.
; down (opp. to %{Urdhvam}) Kat2hUp. ; westward, to the west of (abl.) S3rS. MBh.
BhP. ; inwardly, within BhP. Veda7ntas. ; in former times L.
pratyaya*= m. belief firm conviction, trust, faith, assurance or certainty of (gen. loc. or
comp.) ; proof, ascertainment Mn. MBh. &c. (%{pratyayaM-gam}, to acquire

confidence, repose cconfidence in MBh. ; %{asty@atra@pratyayo@mama}, that is my

conviction Katha1s. ; %{kah@pratyayo@'tra}, what assurance is there of that? ib.) ;
conception, assumption, notion, idea Ka1tyS3r. Nir. S3am2k. &c. ; (with Buddhists and
Jainas) fundamental notion or idea (%{-tva} n.) Sarvad. ; consciousness, understanding,
intelligence, intellect (in Sa1m2khya = %{buddhi}) ; analysis, solution, explanation,
definition L. ; ground, basis, motive or cause of anything MBh. Ka1v. &c. (in med.) = %
{nimitta}, %{hetu} &c. Cat. ; (with Buddhists) a co-operating cause ; the concurrent
occasion of an event as distinguished from its approximate cause ; an ordeal Ka1ty. ;
want, need Ka1ran2d2. ; fame, notoriety Pa1n2. 8-2, 58 ; a subsequent sound or letter
Pra1t. ; an affix or suffix to roots (forming verbs, substantives, adjectives and all
derivatives) Pra1t. Pa1n2. ; an oath L. ; usage, custom L. ; religious meditation L. ; a
dependant or subject L. ; a householder who keeps a sacred fire L. ; %{-kara} (R.), %{kAraka} (Pan5cat.), %{kAraNa} (S3ak.) mfn. one who awakens confidence, trustworthy ;
%{-kArin} mfn. id. L. ; (%{iNI}) f. a seal, signet L. ; %{-tattva-prakAzikA} f. N. of wk. ; %
{-tva} n. (cf. above) the being a cause, causality Sarvad. ; %{-dhAtu} m. the stem of a
nominal verb Pat. ; %{-prativacana} n. a certain or distinct answer, Sak. ; %{-mauktikamAlA} f. N. of wk. ; %{-lopa} m. (in gram.) elision of an affix ; %{-sarga} m. (in
Sa1m2khya) the creation which proceeds from Buddha ; %{-svara} m. (in gram.) an
accent on an affix ; %{-ayA7tma} mfn. causing confidence R. (v.l. %{pratyag-Atma}) ; %
{-ayA7dhi} m. a pledge which causes confidence in regard to a debt L. ; %{--ayA7ntazabda-kRd-anta-vyUha} m. N. of wk.
pratyupakaaraarthaM = for the sake of getting some return
pratyupasthita *= mfn. come near to (acc.) , approached , arrived MBh. Hariv. &c. ;
standing or being in (loc. or comp.) Hariv. Var. ; present , assisting at (loc.) SaddhP. ;
gone against , standing opposite to (acc.) MBh. ; assembled ib. ; happened , occurred (or

about to happen , imminent) MBh. Ka1v. &c.; collecting , pressing (as urine) Sus3r.
prathama = first
prathamaM = in the first place
prathaa = (f) fame
prathita = renowned
prathitaH = celebrated
pratiyoga * = m. resistance, opposition, contradiction, controversy BhP.; an antidote,
remedy Katha1s.; cooperation, association W.; the being a counterpart of anything ib.
pratyarham* = ind. in %{yathA-p-} q.v.( yathApratyarham) ind. according to merit
Buddh.
pratyavavaruddha* = mfn. stopped, suppressed ib.
pratyudaahrita* = mfn. named, answered BhP.
prauDha *= mfn. (fr. %{pra} + %{UDha}, %{vah}) raised or lifted up (see %{-pAda});
grown up, fullgrown Hariv. Ka1v. Ra1jat.; mature, middle-aged (as a woman; in Subh. %
{bAlA}, %{taruNI}, %{prau9Dha} and %{vRddhA} are distinguished; cf. f. below);
married W.; luxuriant (as a plant) Bhartr2. Ka1vya7d.; large, great, mighty, strong Ka1v.
Katha1s. Pan5cat.; violent, impetuous (as love) Prab. Ra1jat.; thick, dense (as darkness)
Ma1lati1m.; full (as the moon) W.; (ifc.) filled with, full of (see %{mRdu-pr-}); proud,

arrogant, confident, bold, audacious, impudent (esp. said of a woman) Ka1v. BhP.;
controverted W.; m. (in music) N. of one of the Ru1pakas; (with S3a1ktas) N. of one of
the 7 Ulla1sas; n. (with %{brAhmaNa}) = %{tANDya-brAhmaNa} Sa1y.; (%{A}) f. a
married woman from 30 to 55 years of age W.; a violent or impetuous woman (described
as a Na1yika1 who stands in no awe of her lover or husband) W.
pravaada * = m. speaking forth, uttering s'vS'r. MBh.; expressing, mentioning Nir.;
talk, report, rumour, popular saying or belief MBh. Kv. &c. ({-dAya}, in order to spread
the rumour Kaths.; {-dena}, according to rrumour, as the saying goes MBh.); ill
rumour about (gen.), slander, calumny (pl.) Kv.; mutual defiance, words of challenge
(prior to combat) Bhathth.; (ifc.) passing one's self off as R.; (in gram.) any form or case
of (gen. or comp.; opp. to a specified fform or ccase) Prt.; ({A}) f. anything belonging
to (comp.) Vait.
pravaaha = current *= m. (ifc. f. %{A}) a stream, river, current, running water (%{-hemUtrita} n. `" making water in a river "', doing a useless action Pa1n2. 2-1, 47 Sch.);
met. = continuous flow or passage, unbroken series or succession, continuity S3Br. &c.
&c.; continuous use or employment S3am2k.; ccontinuous train of thought Sarvad.; N.
of ch. in Sad-ukti-karn2a7mr2ita; flowing or streaming forth L. (cf. %{-vaha}); course of
action, activity L.; course or direction towards W.; a pond, lake ib.; a beautiful horse L.;
N. of one of the attendants of Skanda MBh.; (pl.) N. of a people VP.; (%{I}) f. sand L.
(also %{-ho7tthA} f. Gal.)\\ &c. see %{pra-vah}.
pravaalaaH = twigs
pravaasaH = (m) journey, travel, trip
pravaha mf(%{A})n. bearing along, carrying (ifc.) MBh. R.; m. N. of one of the 7 winds

said to cause the motion of the planets MBh. Hariv. &c. (cf. IW. 179); wind, air L.; N. of
one of the 7 tongues of fire Col.; a reservoir into which water is carried Ya1jn5.; flowing
or streaming forth L. (cf. %{-vAka}); going forth, ggoing from a town W.
pravada * = mfn. sounding forth, sounding (as a drum) Kaus3.; m. a herald, bard (?)
AV. v, 20, 9.
pravaada * = m. speaking forth, uttering A1s3vS3r. MBh.; expressing, mentioning Nir.;
talk, report, rumour, popular saying or belief MBh. Ka1v. &c. (%{-dAya}, in order to
spread the rumour Katha1s.; %{-dena}, according to rrumour, as the saying goes
MBh.); ill rumour about (gen.), slander, calumny (pl.) Ka1v.; mutual defiance, words of
challenge (prior to combat) Bhat2t2.; (ifc.) passing one's self off as R.; (in gram.) any
form or case of (gen. or comp.; opp. to a specified fform or ccase) Pra1t.; (%{A}) f.
anything belonging to (comp.) Vait.\\m. or n. (?) = %{pra-vAla}, coral SaddhP. \\ &c.
see under %{pra-vad}.
pravadataaM = of arguments
pravadanti = say
pravakshyaami = I shall explain
pravakshye = I shall explain
pravaNa *= (prob. fr. 1. %{pra} and suffix %{vana} cf. %{vag-vana4} , %{sat-vana4} ,
%{zuzuk-vana4} ; but according to Pa1n2. 8-4 , 5 fr. %{pra} and %{vana} , `" wood "' ;
according to others from %{pru}) m. or n. (?) the side of a hill , slope , declivity , abyss ,
depth RV. Ka1t2h. MBh. (in RV. only loc. sg. and once pl. ; in MBh. viii , 2369 also abl.

sg.) ; m. a place where four roads meet L. ; a moment L. ; a whirlpool L. ; n. an access to

(loc.) MBh. ; (%{e}) ind. in a precipitous course , hurriedly , hastily MBh. ; mf(%{A})n.
declining , bent , sloping down , steep , abrupt TS. Br. Gr2S3rS. Mn. &c. ; (ifc.) directed
towards (cf. %{udak-} , %{dakSiNA-} , %{nimna-} &c.) ; inclined or disposed or devoted
to , intent upon , full of (loc. , dat. gen. inf. or comp.) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; wasted , decayed ,
disappeared R. ; generous L. ; humble , modest L. [Cf. Gk. $ ; Lat. {pro1nus}.]
pravara* =1 mf({A})n. (fr. {pra} + {vara} or fr. {pra} 2. {vR}; for 2. and 3. see p. 693)
most excellent, chief, principal, best Mn. MBh. &c.; eldest (son) MBh.; better than (abl.)
BhP.; greater (opp. to {sama}, `" equal "', and {nyUna}, `" smaller "') Var.; (ifc.)
eminent, distinguished by Hariv.; m. a black variety of Phaseolus Mungo L.; Opuntia
Dillenii L.; N. of a messenger of the gods and friend of Indra Hariv.; of a Dnava ib.;
({A}) f. N. of a river (which falls into the Godvar and is celebrated for the sweetness of
its water) MBh. VP.; n. aloe wood Bhpr.; a partic. high number Buddh. //3 m. a call,
summons (esp. of a Brhman to priestly functions) AitBr.; an invocation of Agni at the
beginning of a sacrifice, a series of ancestors (so called because Agni is invited to bear the
oblations to the gods as he did for the sacrificer's progenitors, the names of the 4 10 5
most nearly connected with the ancient Riishis being then added) Br. S'rS.; a family, race
L.; an ancestor KtyS'r. Sch. ({I} f. Pat.); {-kANDa} m. or n. a chapter about a series of
ancestors Cat.; {-khaNDa} m. or n. {-darpaNa} m. {-dIpikA} f. {-nirNaya}, m. {maJjarI} f. {-ratna} n. N. of wks.; {-vat} mfn. having a series of ancestors L.; {rA7dhyAya} m. {-re-kRta-zAnti} f. N. of wks. 2.
pravargya m. a ceremony introductory to the Soma sacrifice (at which fresh milk is
poured into a heated vessel called, %{mahA-vIra} or %{gharma}, or into boiling ghee)
Br. S3rS. MBh. &c.; n. N. of a Sa1man A1rshBr.; %{-kANDa} m. N. of S3Br. xvi (in the %
{kANva-zAkhA}); %{-prayoga} m. N. of wk.; %{-vat} (%{-gya4-}.) mfn. connected with

the Pravargya ceremony S3Br. S3rS.; %{-sAman} n. N. of a Sa1man A1rshBr.

pravAra * m. a covering, cover, woollen cloth, BriArUp. (cf. 2. {pra-vara}).
pravartaka = (adj m) a promoter
pravartate = act
pravarta * = m. a round ornament AV. (TS. Sch. `" an ear-ring "'; cf: {pra-vRtta});
engaging in, undertaking W.; excitement, stimulus ib.
pravartante = they flourish
pravartitaM = established by the Vedas
praveka * = mfn. ( %{vic}) choicest, most excellent, principal, chief (always ifc.) MBh.
R. &c.
praves'a * = m. (ifc. f. {A}) entering, entrance, penetration or intrusion into (loc. gen.
with or without {antar}, or comp.) MBh. Kv. &c. (acc.with {kR}, to make one's entrance,
enter); entrance on the stage Hariv. Malav.; the entrance of the sun into a sign of the
zodiac Var.; coming or setting in (of night) L.; the placing (e. g. of any deposit) in a
persos house or hand Pacat.; interfering with another's business, obtrusiveness
Kaths.; the entering into i.e. being contained in (loc.) Pn. 2-1, 72 Sch. Sh.;
employment, use, utilisation of (comp.) Kull. Inscr.; income, revenue, tax, toll (cf. {bhAgika}); intentness on an object, engaging closely in a pursuit or purpose W.; manner,
method Lalit.; a place of entrance, door MBh. Kv. &c.; the syringe of an injection pipe
Sus'r.; {-bhAgika} m. (prob.) a receiver or gatherer of taxes Rjat.

praves'ita *= mfn. (fr. Cause.) caused to enter, brought or sent in, introduced MBh. Ka1v.
&c.; thrown into (any condition, as sleep &c.) Ragh.; appointed, installed BhP.; (%{A}) f.
impregnated, pregnant (%{dArakam} "', with a boy "') DivyA7v.; n. causing to appear on
the stage BhP.
pravibhaktaM = divided
pravibhaktaani = are divided
praviliiyate = merges entirely
pravilas* = m P. {-lasati}, to shine forth brightly BhP.; to appear in full strength or
vigour Gt. Sch.
pravilI* = . or Pass. {-lIyate}, ({-ti}), to become dissolved, melt or vanish away
MundUp. MBh. &c.: Caus. {-lApayati}, to cause to disappear or dissolve itself into (loc.)
S'ank. BhP. Sch.; to dissolve, melt (trans.) Sus'r.
pravilayana* = n. complete dissolution or absorption Car.
pravilaya* = m. melting Sus'r.; = next S'ank.
pravis' *= P. A1. %{-vizati} , %{-te} , to entor , go into , resort to (acc. or loc.) RV. &c.
&c. (with %{agnim} , %{agnau} , %{madhyam} %{agneH} , %{vahnau} , or %{citAyAm}
, `" to ascend the funeral pyre "' ; with %{karNayoH} "' , to come into the ears i.e. be
heard "' ; with %{Atmani} , or %{cittam} , `" to take possession of the heart "' ; in dram.
`" to enter the stage "') ; to reach , attain Sarvad. ; to have sexual intercourse with (acc. ,
applied to both sexes) MBh. Sus3r. ; to enter upon , undertake , commence , begin ,

devote one's self to (acc. , rarely loc.) MBh. Hariv. R. &c. (with %{piNDIm} or %
{tarpaNam} , `" to accept or enjoy an oblation "') ; to enter into i.e. be absorbed or
thrown into the shade by (acc.) Hariv. (with [%{svAni}] %{aGgAni} or %{gAtrANi}) , `"
to shrink , shrivel "' R. Katha1s.: Caus. %{-vezayati} , %{-te} , to cause or allow to enter ,
bring or lead or introduce to , usher into (acc. or loc.) AV. &c. &c. (without an object , `"
to bring into one's house &c. "' , esp. `" to bring on the stage "') ; to lead home as a wife
i.e. marry MBh. ; to lay or store up , deposit in , put or throw into (loc. or acc.) Mn. MBh.
&c. ; to enter i.e. commit to paper , write down Ya1jn5. Sch. ; to initiate into (acc.) Prab. ;
to instil into (loc.) = teach , impart Katha1s. ; to spend (money) Pan5cat. ; to enter , come
or be brought into (acc.) Var. BhP.: Desid. %{-vivikSati} , to wish to enter into (acc.)
MBh. R.
pravish.h = to enter
pravisha = enter
pravishanti = enter
praviSTa * = mfn. entered R. Ragh.; one who has entered or gone or come into, being in
or among (loc., acc. or comp.; cf. %{madhya-prav-}) RV. &c. &c. (in dram. `" one who
has entered the stage "'); sunk (as an eye) Sus3r.; appeared or begun (as an age) Vet.;
one who has entered upon or undertaken, occupied with, intent upon, engaged in (loc. or
comp.) BhP. Ra1jat.; initiated into (acc.) Prab.; agreeing with (loc.) MBh.; made use of.
invested (as money) Ya1jn5. Ra1jat.; (%{A}) f. N. of the mother of Paippala1di and
Kaus3ika Hariv. (prob. w.r. for %{zraviSThA}).
pravistaram.h = extensively

praviiNa = expert
pravraj* = P. {-vrajati}, to go forth, proceed, depart from (abl.), set out for, go to (acc.
loc. or dat.) S'Br. Up. GriS'rS. MBh. &c.; to leave home and wander forth as an ascetic
mendicant S'rS. Mn. MBh. &c.; (with Jainas) to become a monk HParis'.: Caus. {vrAjayati} (w.r. {-vraj-}), to send into exile, banish from (abl.) MBh. R. &c.; to compel
any one to wander forth as an ascetic mendicant or to become a monk MBh. HParis'.
pravrajya * = n. going abroad, migration MBh.; (%{A}) f. id. ib.; going forth from home
(first rite of a layman wishing to become a Buddh. monk) MWB. 77; roaming, wandering
about (esp. as a religious mendicant, in a dress not authorized by the Veda) Mn. MBh.
Ka1v. &c.; the order of a relreligious mmendicant MBh. Var.; %{-jyA-yoga} m. a
constellation under which future relreligious mmendicants are born Var.; %
{jyA7vasita} m. a relreligious mmendicant who has renounced his order Ya1jn5.
pravrajya *= n. going abroad, migration MBh. ; (%{A}) f. id. ib. ; going forth from home
(first rite of a layman wishing to become a Buddh. monk) MWB. 77 ; roaming,
wandering about (esp. as a religious mendicant, in a dress not authorized by the Veda)
Mn. MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; the order of a relreligious mmendicant MBh. Var. ; %{-jyAyoga} m. a constellation under which future relreligious mmendicants are born Var. ;
%{jyA7vasita} m. a relreligious mmendicant who has renounced his order Ya1jn5.
praavraajya *= n. (fr. %{-vrAj}) the life of a religious mendicant, vagrancy MBh. (w.r. %
{-vrajya}) Ma1rkP.
pravraaja* = m. the bed of a river RV.

pravraajaka* = m. a religious mmendicant R. Kaths.; ({ikA}) f. a female ascetic (also

{-jaka-strI}) Kaths.
pravraaj* = m. a religious mendicant Var. Kaths.
pravraajana* = n. banishment, exile MBh. R.
pravraajita* = mfn. become a monk DivyA7v.
pravraj* = P. {-vrajati}, to go forth, proceed, depart from (abl.), set out for, go to (acc.
loc. or dat.) S'Br. Up. GriS'rS. MBh. &c.; to leave home and wander forth as an ascetic
mendicant S'rS. Mn. MBh. &c.; (with Jainas) to become a monk HParis'.: Caus. {vrAjayati} (w.r. {-vraj-}), to send into exile, banish from (abl.) MBh. R. &c.; to compel
any one to wander forth as an ascetic mendicant or to become a monk MBh. HParis'.
pravrajana* = n. going abroad MBh.
pravrajita* = mfn. gone astray or abroad R. Ks'. on Pn. 2-3, 38; run away (said of
horses) MBh.; (also with {vanam}) one who has left home to become a religious
mendicant or (with Jainas) to become a monk Mn. MBh. HParis'.; m. a religious
mendicant or a monk MBh. Var. Sus'r.; ({A}) f. a female ascetic or a nun Yj. Var. Kd.
Sh.; Nardostachys Jatamansi L.; another plant ({muNDIrI}) L.; n. the life of a religious
mendicant MBh.
pravrajya* = n. going abroad, migration MBh.; ({A}) f. id. ib.; going forth from home
(first rite of a layman wishing to become a Buddh. monk) MWB. 77; roaming, wandering
about (esp. as a religious mendicant, in a dress not authorized by the Veda) Mn. MBh.
Kv. &c.; the order of a relreligious mmendicant MBh. Var.; {-jyA-yoga} m. a

constellation under which future relreligious mmendicants are born Var.; {jyA7vasita}
m. a relreligious mmendicant who has renounced his order Yj.
pravridh.h = to grow fast pravridh * = P. %{-vardhati}, to exalt, magnify. RV. viii, 8, 22;
A1. %{-vardhate} (rarely P. %{-ti}), to grow up, grow, increase, gain in strength, prosper,
thrive RV. &c. &c.: Caus. %{-vardhayati}, %{-te}, to strengthen, increase, augment,
extend RV. &c. &c.; to raise, exalt, cause to thrive Hariv.; to rear, cherish, bring up
Katha1s.
pravriddha * = mfn. grown up, fully developed, increased, augmented, intense,
vehement, great, numerous RV. &c. &c.; swollen, heaving R. Ka1lid.; risen to wealth or
power, prosperous, mighty, strong MBh. Var.; (also with %{vayasA}) advanced in age,
grown old MBh. Katha1s.; expanded, diffused W.; full, deep (as a sigh) ib.; haughty,
arrogant MW.; w.r. for %{pra-vRtta}, %{-viddha}, %{-buddha}.
pravriddhaH = great
pravriddhaaH = developed
pravriddhe = developed
pravrih* = P. . {-vRhati}, {-te}, to tear out or off or asunder, destroy RV. TS. Br. Up.;
() to draw towards one's self. attract S'Br.
pravrij* = P. . {-vRNakti}, {-vRGkte}, (Ved. inf. {-vR4je}), to strew (the sacrificial
grass) RV. Br.; to place in or on the fire, heat ib.; to perform the Pravargya ceremony Br.
KtyS'r.

pravrijya* = mfn. to be placed in or near the fire pS'r.

pravrikta* = ({pra4-}.) mfn. placed in or near the fire S'Br.
pravrit * = A1. %{-vartate}, (ep. also P. %{-ti}), to roll or go onwards (as a carriage), be
set in motion or going ChUp. MBh. &c.; to set out, depart, betake one's self MBh. R. &c.;
to proceed (%{vartmanA}, or %{-ni}, on a path; %{apathena}, on a wrong path) Ka1v.
Katha1s.; to come forth, issue, originate, arise, be produced, result, occur, happen, take
place VS. Br. MBh. &c.; to commence, begin to (inf.), set about, engage in, be intent
upon or occupied with (dat. loc., or %{artham} ifc.) MBh. Ka1v. &c.; to proceed against,
do injury to (loc.) MBh. R. Ragh. [693,3]; to debauch (%{anyo@'nyam}, `" one another
"') MBh.; to act or proceed according to or with (instr. or abl.) MBh. Ka1v. &c.; to behave
or conduct one's self towards, deal with (loc.) ib.; to hold good, prevail ib.; to continue,
keep on (pr. p.) Hariv. Sarvad.; to be, exist Ma1rkP.; to serve for, conduce to (dat., or %
{artham} ifc.) Sarvad.; to mean, be used in the sense of (loc.) ib.; to let any one (gen.)
have anything (acc.) MBh.: Caus. %{-vartayati}, to cause to turn or roll, set in motion
RV. &c. &c.; to throw, hurl, Pour forth RV. MaitrS.; to send Prab.; to set on foot,
circulate, diffuse, divulge MBh. Ka1v. &c.; to introduce, appoint, instal ib.; to produce,
create, accomplish, devise, invent, perform, do, make ib. (with %{setum} to erect a dam;
with %{vyayakarma}, to effect expenditure; with %{loka-yAtrAm}, to transact the
business of life; with %{kathAm}, to relate a story); to exhibit, show, display R. BhP.; to
undertake, begin Ka1tyS3r. MBh. &c.; to use, employ Bhat2t2.; to induce any one to do
anything, betray into (loc.) Katha1s.; to proceed against (loc.) MBh.
pravrita *= mfn. chosen, selected, adopted (as a son) BhP.; %{-homa} m. an oblation
offered on the appointment of a priest, S3rS.; %{-mIya} mfn. relating to it S3a1n3khBr.;
%{-tA7huti} f. = %{-tahoma} ib. Vait.

pravritta* = mfn. rotund, globular S'nkhBr.; driven up (as a carriage) ChUp.; circulated
(as a book) Pacat.; set out from ({-tas}), going to, bound for (acc. loc. inf., or {artham}
ifc.; {dakSiNena}, `" southwards "'; with {pathA} "', proceeding on a path "') MBh. Kv.
&c.; issued from (abl.), come forth, resulted, arisen, produced, brought about,
happened, occurred VS. &c. &c.; come back, returned MBh.; commenced, begun MBh.
Kv. &c.; (also {-vat} mfn. ) having set about or commenced to (inf.) Kaths.; purposing
or going to, bent upon (dat. loc., or comp.) Kv. Kaths. Rjat.; engaged in, occupied
with, devoted to (loc. or comp.) Mn. MBh. &c.; hurting, injuring, offending MBh.; acting,
proceeding, dealing with (loc.) Mn. MBh. &c.; existing past.; who or what has become
(with nom.) R.; (with {karman} n. action) causing a continuation of mundane existence
Mn. xii, 88 [694,1]; w.r. for {pra-cRtta} and {pra-nRtta}; ({-vRtta4}) m. = {-varta}, a
round ornament S'Br.; ({A} f. N. of a female demon MrkP.); {-karman} n. any act
leading to a future birth W.; {-cakra} mfn. `" whose chariot wheels run on unimpeded "',
having universal power ({-kra-tA} f.) Yj.; {-tva} n. the having happened or occurred
Jaim.; {-pAnIya} mfn. (a well) with abundant water MBh.; {-pAraNa} n. a partic.
religious observance or ceremony S'ak. (v.l.); {-vAc} mfn. of fluent speech, eloquent
MBh.; {-samprahAra} mfn. one who has begun the fight ({-ra-tva} n.) Kaths.; {ttA7zin} m. N. of a partic. class of ascetics Baudh.
pravrittaH = engaged
pravritte = while about to engage
pravritti = (f) tendency, behaviour
pravritti* = f. moving onwards, advance, progress GriS'rS. MBh. Sus'r.; coming forth,
appearance, manifestation S'vetUp. Klid. Rjat.; rise, source, origin. MBh.; activity,

exertion, efficacy, function Kap. Snkhyak. MBh. &c. (in the Nyya one of the 82
Prameyas IW. 63); active life (as opp. to {ni-vRtti} [q.v.] and to contemplative devotion,
and defined as consisting of the wish to act, knowledge of the means, and
accomplishment of the object) W.; giving or devoting one's self to, prosecution of. course
or tendency towards, inclination or predilection for (loc. or comp.) Rjat. Hit. Sh.;
application, use, employment Mn. MBh. MrkP.; conduct, behaviour, practice Mn. MBh.
&c.; the applicability or validity of a rule KtyS'r. Pn. Sch.; currency, continuance,
prevalence ib.; fate, lot, destiny R.; news, tidings, intelligence of (gen. or comp.) MBh.
Kv. &c.; cognition (with {viSaya-vatI}, `" a sensuous ccognition "') Yogas.; the
exudation from the temples of a rutting elephant L. (cf. Vikr. iv, 47); N. of Avanti or
Oujein or any holy place L.; (in arithm.) the multiplier W. (w.r. for {pra-kRti}?); {-jJa},
m. `" knowing the news "', an emissary, agent. spy L.; {-jJo4na} n. {-vijJAna} Sarvad.; {nimitta} n. the reason for the use of any term in the particular significations which it
bears MW.; {-nivRtti-mat} mfn. connected with activity and inactivity BhP.;
{paro4Gmukha} mf({I})n. disinclined to give tidings Vikr.; {-pratyaya} m. a belief in or
conception of the things relating to the external world Buddh.; {-mat} mfn. devoted to
anything, Kaiy.; {mArga} m. active or worldly life, occupancy about the business and
pleasures of the world or with the rites and works of religion MW.; {-vacana} mfn. (a
word) expressing activity Ks'. on Pn. 2-3, 51; {-vijJAna} n. cognition of the things
belonging to the external world Buddh.; {-tty-aGga} n. N. of wk. pravrittiM = mission
pravrittiH = activity
praavrittika* = mf({I})n. (fr. {-vRtti}) corresponding to a former mode of action KtyS'r.
Sch.; (ifc.) well acquainted with Hariv.
praveshhTuM = to enter into

pravyathita = perturbed
pravyathitaM = perturbed
pravyathitaaH = perturbed
prayaa * =prayA to go forth, set out, progress, advance towards or against, go or repair
to (acc., also with {accha}, or {prati}, or loc.) RV. &c. &c.; to walk, roam, wander MBh.
Kv. &c.; to part, go asunder, be dispersed, pass away, vanish, die ib.; to get into a partic.
state or condition, enter, undergo, incur (acc.) ib.; to proceed i.e. behave Bhartri. (v.l.);
to cause to go i.e. to lead into (acc.) Hcat.: Caus. {-yApayati}, to cause to set out S'Br. (cf.
Pn. 8-4, 29; 30 Sch.): Desid. {-yiyAsati}, to wish to set out ib.: Caus. of Desid. {yiyAsayati}, to cause a person to wish to set out Bhathth.
prayachchhati = offers
prayataatmanaH = from one in pure consciousness
prayata * mfn. outstretched, far-extended RV. AV.; placed upon (loc.) RV.; offered,
presented, given, granted, bestowed RV. &c. &c.; piously disposed, intent on devotion,
well prepared for a solemn rite (with loc. or ifc.), ritually pure (also applied to a vessel
and a place past. R.), selfsubdued, dutiful, careful, prudent KathhUp. Mn. MBh. &c.;
m. a holy or pious person W.; {-tA} f. {-tva} n. purity, holiness MBh.; {-dakSiNa}
({pra4y-}) mfn. one who has made presents (to the priests at a sacrifice), a giver, donor
RV.; {-parigraha-dvitIya} mfn. accompanied by a pious or chaste wife MW.; {-mAnasa}
mfn. pious-minded, devout, ascetic MBh.; {-tA7tman} or {-tA7tma-vat} mfn. id. Mn. R.
prayatna = excertion *= m. persevering effort, continued exertion or endeavour,

exertion bestowed on (loc. or comp.), activity, action, act Mn. MBh. &c. (instr. sg. and pl.
abl. and %{-tas} ind. with special effort, zealously, diligently, carefully; %{-tna} ibc. and
%{-tnAt} ind. also = hardly, scarcely); great care, caution Pan5cat.; (in phil.) active
efforts (of 3 kinds, viz. engaging in any act, prosecuting it, and completing it); pl.
volitions (one of the 17 qualities of the Vais3eshikas) IW. 68; (in gram.) effort in uttering,
mode of articulation (also %{Asya-pray-}, distinguished into %{Abhyantara-p-} and %
{bAhya-p-}, internal and external effort) Pra1t. Pa1n2. 1-1, 9 Sch.; (%{A}) f. N. of a
partic. S3ruti Sam2gi1t.; %{-cchid} mfn. frustrating a person's (gen.) efforts Mudr.; %{pre7kSaNIya} mfn. hardly visible S3ak.; %{-muktA7sana} mfn. rising with difficulty
from a seat Ragh.; %{-vat} mfn. assiduous, diligent, persevering Ka1m.; %{-tnA7nanda}
m. N. of wk.
prayatnaat.h = by rigid practice
prayantu = may go
prayaaNa = of death
prayaaNakaale = at the time of death
prayaasa* = m. exertion, effort, pains, trouble (ibc., with loc. or gen., {-arthAya} or {nimittena}) VS. TS. Kv. &c. (cf. {a-prayAsena}) [688,1]; high degree Jtakam.; {-bhAj}
mfn. capable of exertion, active, energetic W.
prayaataaH = having departed
prayaati = goes

prayaanti = they go
prayaaNa* = n. (Ks'. on Pn. 8-4, 29) setting out, starting, advancing, motion onwards,
progress, journey, march, invasion RV. &c. &c. (with {gardabhena}, `" riding on an ass "'
Pacat.); departure, death (cf. {prA7Na-pray-}); onset, beginning, commencement
Kthh. S'Br.; {-kAla} m. time of departure, death Bhag.; {-paTaha} m. a drum beaten
while marching Hcar.; {-purI} f. N. of a town ({-rI-mAhAtmya} n. N. of wk.); {-bhaGga}
m. the breaking or suspending of a journey, a halt Pacat.; {-vicAra} m. N. of wk.; {NA7rha} mfn. deserving death W.
prayaantu = may go to
prayojana * = n. (ifc. f. %{A}) occasion, object, cause, motive, opportunity, purpose,
design, aim, end Pra1t. MBh. Ka1v. &c.; %{prayojanena}, with a particular intention, on
purpose MBh.; %{-na-vazAt} id. Pan5cat.; %{kena@-nena}, from what cause or motive ?
Prab.; %{kasmai@-nAya}, %{kasmAt@-nAt}, %{kasya@-nasya} and %{kasmin@-ne}
id. Ka1s3. on Pa1n2. 2-3, 27; %{-nam@ati-kram}, to neglect an opportunity MBh.;
profit, use or need of, necessity for Ka1v. Pan5cat. &c. (with instr., %
{taruNA@kim@prayojanam}, what is the use of the tree? Kuval.; %
{bhavatv@etaiH@kusumaiH@prayojanam}, let these flowers be used S3ak.; with gen.
or dat. Ka1s3. on Pa1n2. 2-3, 27; ii, 3, 72); means of attaining Mn. vii, 100; (in phil.) a
motive for discussing the point in question IW. 64; %{-vat} mfn. having or connected
with or serving any purpose or interest, interested R.; serviceable, useful Sus3r. (%{-ttva}
n. Sarvad.); having a cause, caused, produced W.
prayoga = practice

prayogaH = (m) experiment

prayogashaalaa = (f) laboratory
prayojana = (n) reason
prayojaniiyaM = should use
prayuj *= A1. %{-yuGkte} (rarely P. %{-yunakti} ; cf. Pa1n2. 1-3 , 64) , to yoke or join or
harness to (loc.) RV. ; to unite with (instr.) AV. ; to turn (the mind) to (loc.) RV. ; to
prepare for (dat.) ib. ; to set in motion , throw , cast (also dice) , discharge , hurl at (loc.
or dat.) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; to utter , pronounce , speak , recite ib. ; to fix , place in or on
(loc.) BhP. ; to direct , order , urge to (dat. or loc.) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; to choose for (two
acc.) Kum. ; to lead towards , bring into (acc.) BhP. ; to use , employ , practise , display ,
exhibit , perform , accomplish , contrive , do Br. &c. &c. ; to undertake , commence ,
begin Vait. R. ; to cause , effect , produce Kum. BhP. Sarvad. ; to represent on the stage ,
act Mr2icch. Ka1lid. ; to lend (for use or interest) Mn. Ya1jn5.: Pass. %{-yujyate} , to be
fit or suitable , conduce to (dat.) Ka1v. Pan5cat.: Caus. %{-yojayati} , to throw , discharge
, hurl at or against (loc.) MBh. ; to utter , pronounce R. ; to show , display , exhibit BhP. ;
(with %{manas}) to concentrate the mind S3vetUp. ; to urge , direct , appoint to (loc.)
MBh. BhP. ; to transfer or entrust to (dat.) MBh. ; to undertake , begin Ka1m. ; to
represent on the stage Hariv. Sa1h. ; to cause to be represented by (instr.) Uttarar. ; to
use , employ MBh. Ka1m. Sus3r. &c. ; to perform , practise Mn. iii , 112 ; (with %
{vRddhim}) to take interest ib. x , 117 ; (with %{prayogam}) to invest capital SaddhP. ; to
be applicable g. %{kSubhnA7di} ; to aim at , have in view Pa1n2. 6-3 , 62 Sch.: Desid. %
{-yuyukSate} , to wish to use , want , require Pat.\\ 2 (prob.) f. a team RV. ; impulse ,
motive VS. AV. ; acquisition RV. ; (%{-yujAM@havIMSi} or %{-yug-ghav-}N. of 12

oblations , one of which is offered each month S3Br.) ; mfn. joining , connected with (lit.
or fig. , as a cause , motive &c.) W.
prayu.njaano = combined
prayuktaH = impelled
prayukta *= mfn. yoked , harnessed MBh. R. &c. ; stirred (by wind) Ragh. ; directed ,
thrown , hurled MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; drawn (as a sword) BhP. ; vented (as anger) MBh. ;
uttered , pronounced , recited Up. S3iksh. &c. ; urged , ordered , bidden Gobh. Bhag. &c.
; used , employed , practised , performed , done Br. Kaus3. MBh. &c. ; undertaken ,
begun , contrived R. Ma1lav. Prab. ; made , prepared Kum. ; (n. impers.) behaved or
acted towards (loc. or acc. with %{prati}) S3ak. ; lent (on interest) Ya1jn5. ; suitable ,
appropriate Pan5cat. (see %{a-pray-}) ; resulting from (comp.) ib. ; n. a cause W. ; %{tama} mfn. most used AitBr. ; %{-saMskAra} mfn. to which polish has been applied ,
polished (as a gem) Ragh.
prayuktavyaM = should be used
prayujyate = is used
prayujyet.h = is used
prauchchaarita = (adj) loud, prominent
prayAsa * = exertion, effort, pains, trouble (ibc., with loc. or gen., {-arthAya} or {nimittena}) VS. TS. Kv. &c. (cf. {a-prayAsena}) [688, 1]; high degree Jtakam.; {-bhAj}
mfn. capable of exertion, active, energetic W.

prekshaa * = f. seeing, viewing, beholding, regarding, looking on (at a performance)

MBh. R. BhP. (often ifc. cf. %{dharma-pre7kSa}, %{mukha-pr-}) ; a sight or view (esp. a
beautiful ssight or vview) BhP. ; a public show or entertainment Mn. Hariv. Katha1s. ;
(ifc.) the being understood or meant as Nir. i, 17 ; circumspection, consideration,
reflection MBh. Hariv. Ra1jat. ; the branch of a tree L.
prema = Divine Love
preraNa* = n. driving out; see {pazu-pr-}; (also {A} f.) setting in motion, urging, inciting,
direction, command, impelling to ({prati} or comp.) Naish. Kaths. Rjat. Hit.; activity,
action Yj. Megh.; the sense of the causal verb Vop.
prepsuH = desiring
preshh.h = to send
preshhaNaM = posting
preshhaNaani = postings
preshhayanti = post or send
preshhayaami = present, post
preshhayet.h = present
preshhthha = (past part.) sent (thing)

pre4shthha * mfn. (superl. fr. {priya}) dearest, most beloved or desired RV.; (in address)
KathhUp. BhP.; very fond of (loc.) RV. vi, 63, 1; m. a lover, husband BhP.; ({A}) f. a
mistress, wife L.; a leg L.
preshthhatama * mfn. dearest, most beloved BhP.
preshita mfn. set in motion, urged on, impelled RV. ; hurled, flung, thrown S3Br. ;
sent, dispatched on an errand MBh. Ka1v. &c. (%{-vat} mfn. Hit) ; sent into exile,
banished R. ; turned, directed (as the eyes) S3ak. i, 23 (v.l. %{pre7rita}) ; ordered,
commanded Vop.
preshitavya mfn. to be invited (to commence a ceremony) AitBr.
pretaan.h = spirits of the dead
pretya = after death * = ind. having died, after death, in the next world, in the life to
come, hereafter (opp. to {iha}) S'Br. Mn. MBh. &c.
prekshaa * = f. seeing, viewing, beholding, regarding, looking on (at a performance)
MBh. R. BhP. (often ifc. cf. {dharma-pre7kSa}, {mukha-pr-}); a sight or view (esp. a
beautiful ssight or vview) BhP.; a public show or entertainment Mn. Hariv. Kaths.;
(ifc.) the being understood or meant as Nir. i, 17; circumspection, consideration,
reflection MBh. Hariv. Rjat.; the branch of a tree L.
preyas * = mfn. (compar. fr. %{priya}) dearer, more agreeable, mmore desired RV.
AV. S3Br. &c.; m. a lover Amar. Katha1s.; a dear friend Ma1lati1m.; (%{asI}) f. a
mistress Bhartr2. Dhu1rtas. [711,3]; n. (in rhet.) flattery Prata1p. Kuval. Sa1h.

preyaskara * = m. the hand of a lover BhP.

preyastaa * = f. (Ra1jat.) or (BhP.) the being dearer or very dear.
preyastva * = n. (BhP.) the being dearer or very dear.
pricchaa* = f. asking, questioning (acc.), question about (comp.) Ka1v.; an inquiry into
the future VarBr2S.
prishtha (pRSTa) *= mfn. ( %{prach}) asked, inquired, questioned, interrogated,
demanded, wished for, desired, welcome RV. &c. &c. ; n. a question, inquiry A1pGr2.
Pa1n2.
prithak * = ind. ( %{pRth} or %{prath} + %{aJc}) widely apart, separately, differently,
singly, severally, one by one (often repeated) RV. &c. &c.; (as a prep. with gen. or instr.;
cf. Pa1n2. 2-3, 32) apart or separately or differently from L.; (with abl.) without Prab.;
except, save Bhat2t2.
prithu * = mf({vI4} or {u})n. broad, wide, expansive, extensive, spacious, large; great,
important; ample, abundant; copious, numerous, manifold RV. &c. &c. ({u} ind.);
prolix, detailed Var.; smart, clever, dexterous L.; m. a partic. measure of length (=
{pRtha}) L.; fire L.; N. of S'iva MBh.; of one of the Vis've Devs VP.; of a Dnava Hariv.;
of a son of An-enas MBh. Hariv.; of a Vriishni and son of Citraka ib.; of a son of Citraratha BhP.; of a descendant of Ikshvku (son of An-aranya and father of Tri-s'anku) R.;
of a son of Para Hariv.; of a son of Prastra VP.; of a son of Rucaka BhP.; of a son of one
of the Manus Hariv.; of one of the Saptarshis ib.; of a son of Vathe7s'vara (father of
Vis'kha-datta) Cat.; of a son of Vena MWB. 423; of a monkey R.; ({u}) f. Nigella Indica

L.; = {hiGgu-pattrI} L.; opium L.; ({vI}) f. see below. [Cf. Gk. $; Germ. {platt}; Eng.
{plate}.]
priya = dear
priyaM = the pleasant
priyaMvada * = mf({A})n. speaking kindly, agreeable, affable to (gen. or comp.) MBh.
Kv. &c.; m. a kind of bird R.; N. of a Gandharva Ragh.; of a poet Cat.; ({A}) f. a kind of
metre Col.; N. of a woman S'ak. Das'.; {-da-ka} m. N. of a man Mudr.
priyakRt * mfn. doing a kindness MBh. R.; m. a friend, benefactor W.; {-tama} mfn.
doing that which pleases most MW.
priyaH = dear
priyakrittamaH = more dear
priyakarman * mfn. doing kind actions, kind Km.; n. the action of a lover BhP.
priyatva * n. the being dear, bbeing beloved MBh. R.; the being fond of (comp.) Kum.
Sus'r. [710, 2
priyadhA * ind. lovingly, kindly TS.
priyadhAma * ({priya4-}) mfn. fond of home, loving the sacrificial enclosure (said of
Agni) RV. i, 140, 1.

priyaMdada * mfn. giving what is pleasant, Krand.; ({A}) f. N. of a Gandharv ib.

priyataraH = dearer
priyamvada = (f) one who speaks agreeable things
priyavaadii = one who speaks nice things
priyaaH = palatable
priyaayaaH = with the dearmost
priitamanaaH = pleased in mind
priiti = and satisfaction * = f. any pleasurable sensation, pleasure, joy, gladness,
satisfaction (with loc. or ifc.; with ind. p., `" joy at having done anything "') Gr2S3rS. &c.
&c.; friendly disposition, kindness, favour, grace, amity (with %{samam} or ifc.),
affection, love (with gen. loc., or ifc.) MBh. Ka1v. &c.; joy or gratification personified
(esp. as a daughter of Daksha or as one of the two wives of Ka1ma-deva) Hariv. Pur.
Katha1s.; N. of a S3ruti Sam2gi1t.; the 2nd of the 27 astrological Yogas. L.; N. of the 13th
Kala1 of the moon Cat.; a symbolical expression for the sound %{dh} Ra1matUp.; (%
{yA}) ind. in a state of joyful excitement, gladly, with joy MBh. R. Ragh. Katha1s.; in a
friendly way, amicably Mn. Ragh. &c.
priitiH = pleasure
priitipuurvakaM = in loving ecstasy

priiyamaaNaaya = thinking you dear to Me

proksha* = m. the act of sprinkling upon pS'r.
prokshaNa*= n. id., consecration by sprinkling (of a sacrificial animal or of a dead body
before burial) TS. &c. &c.; a vessel for holy water Hariv. (v.l. {-NI}); immolation of
victims L. ({-vidhi} m. N. of wk.); ({I}) f. see below.
prokta = said
proktaM = is called
proktaH = spoken
proktavaan.h = instructed
proktaa = were said
proktaaH = spoken
proktaani = said
proktaanyenaiva = proktAn.h + ena + eva:said + this + alone
prochyate = are said
prochyamaanaM = as described by Me

prota *= mfn. (fr. %{pra} + %{uta}, or %{Uta} ; %{ve}) sewed (esp. with the threads
lengthwise, and opp. to %{o7ta} cf. under %{A-ve}, p. 156) ; strung on, fixed on or in, put
or sticking in (loc. or comp.) ChUp. MBh. &c. ; set, inlaid MBh. ; contained in (loc.),
pervaded by (instr.) S3Br. Up. ; fixed, pierced, put on (a spit) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; m. n.
woven cloth, clothes L.
protaM = is strung
plavate = to swim
plihaa = the spleen
prichchhati = inquires/asks/minds
prichchhaami = ask
prichhati = (6 pp) to ask, to question
prithak * = ind. ( {pRth} or {prath} + {aJc}) widely apart, separately, differently, singly,
severally, one by one (often repeated) RV. &c. &c.; (as a prep. with gen. or instr.; cf. Pn.
2-3, 32) apart or separately or differently from L.; (with abl.) without Prab.; except, save
Bhathth.
prithak-krita * = mfn. separated, sundered, cut off MrkP.
prithak-cara * = mf({I})n. going separately or alone MW.
prithak-tA * = f. separateness, severalty, singleness, individuality Nyyam. Sch.

prithak-tva * = n. id. S'nkhS'r. Nir. MBh. &c. (cf. IW.68); ({ena}) ind. singly, one by one
MBh.; {-tas} (S'nkhS'r.) and {-zas} (Nyyam. Sch.), separately, singly.
prithak-pada * = mfn. consisting of single i.e. uncompounded words ({-tva} n.) Vm.
prithak-zabda * = m. a separate or distinct or independent word Vop.
prithak-zruti * = mfn. uttering a distinct sound, distinctly heard RPrt.
prithak-sthiti * = f. separate existence, separation Vikr.
prithakat * = ind.= {pRthak} Pn. 5-3, 72 Sch.
prithak.h = each separately
prithakkaraNam.h = (n) analysis
prithaktvena = in duality
prithag.hvidhaM = of different kinds
prithag.hvidhaaH = variously arranged
prithag.hvidhaan.h = different
prithagbhaavaM = separated identities
prithiviiM = Earth

prithiviipate = O King
prithivyaaM = in the earth
prithvii = earth
prishthha * = n. (prob. fr. %{pra-stha}, `" standing forth prominently "'; ifc. f. %{A}) the
back (as the prominent part of an animal), the hinder part or rear of anything RV. &c.
&c. (%{pRSThena-yA}, with gen., to ride on; %{-Thena-vah}, to carry on the back; %{ThaM-dA}, to give the back, make a low obeisance; %{-The} ind. behind or from
behind); the upper side, surface, top, height ib. (with %{diva4H}, or %{nA4kasya}, the
surface of the sky, vault of heaven; cf. %{ghRta-p-}); the flat roof of a house (cf. %{gRhap-}, %{harmya-p-}); a page of a book MW.; N. of partic. arrangement of Sa1mans
(employed at the midday libation and formed from the Ratham2tara, Br2ihat, Vairu1pa,
Vaira1ja, S3a1kvara, and Raivata SS3alkvara) TS. Br. S3rS.; N. of various Sa1mans
A1rshBr.
prishhThataH = (adv) above
prishhThabhumikaa = (f) background
prishhThebhaanuH = pRishhThe+bhaanuH, behind+sun
pu *= mfn. cleaning , purifying (see %{su-pu4}).
puu *= 1 cl. 9. P. A1. (Dha1tup. xxxj , 12) %{punA4ti} , %{punIte4} (3. pl. A1. %
{puna4te} AV. , %{punate4} RV. ; 2. sg. Impv. P. %{punIhi} RV. &c. , %{punAhi4} SV.) ;
ci. 1. A1. (xxii 70) %{pa4vate} (of P. only Impv. %{-pava} RV. ix , 19 , 3 , and p. gen. pl. %

{pavatAm} Bhag.x , 31 ; p. A1. %{punAna4} below , %{pa4vamAna} see p. 610 , col. 3 ; 1.

sg. A1. %{punISe} RV. vii , 85 , 1 ; pf. %{pupuvuh}. %{-ve} Br. ; %{apupot} RV. iii , 26 , 8
; aor. %{apAviSuH} Subj. %{apaviSTa} RV. ; fut. %{paviSyati} , %{pavitA} Gr. ; ind. , p.
%{pUtvA4} AV. ; %{pUtvI4} RV. ; %{pavitvA} Gr. ; %{-pU4ya} and %{-pAvam} Br. &c. ;
inf. %{pavitum} Br.) , to make clean or clear or pure or bright , cleanse , purify , purge ,
clarify , illustrate , illume (with %{sa4ktum} , to cleanse from chaff , winnow "' ; with %
{kra4tum} or %{manISA4m} , to enlighten the understanding "' ; with %{hiraNyam} , `"
to wash gold "') RV. &c. &c. ; (met.) to sift , discriminate , discern ; to think of or out ,
invent , compose (as a hymn) RV. AV. ; (A1. %{pa4vate}) to purify one's self. be or
become clear or bright ; (esp.) to flow off clearly (said of the Soma) RV. ; to expiate ,
atone for ib. vii , 28 , 4 ; to pass so as to purify ; to purify in passing or pervading ,
ventilate RV. &c. (cf. %{pav}): Pass. %{pUya4te} , to be cleaned or washed or purified ;
to be freed or delivered from (abl.) Mn. MBh. &c.: Caus. %{pava4yati} or %{pAvayati}
(ep. also %{-te} ; aor. %{apIpavat} Gr. ; Pass. %{pAvyate} Ka1v.) , to cleanse , purify TS.
Br. &c.: Desid , %{pupUSati} , %{pipaviSate} Gr.: Desid. of Caus. %{pipAvayiSati} Gr.
[Cf. Gk. $ ; Umbr. {pir} ; Germ. {Feuer} ; Eng. &196164[640 ,3] {fire}.]\\2 mfn.
cleansing , purifying (ifc. ; cf. %{annauda-} , %{ghRta-} &c.)\\3 mfn. (1. %{pA})
drinking (see %{agre-pU4}).
puchchha = tail
puchchham.h = (n) tail
pujayati = (10 pp) to worship
pujaarii = priest

pulakita = shivering with joy

pulina *= m. n. (g. %{ardarcA7di}) a sandbank , a small island or bank in the middle of
a river , an islet , a sandy beach (ifc. f. %{A}) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; the bank of a river (= %
{tIra}) Ragh. Sch. ; m. N. of a mythical being conquered by Garud2a MBh. ; of a poet
Cat.
pulkasa *= m. (%{I} f.) N. of a despised mixed tribe Gaut. MBh. (also %{-kaka} BhP. ;
cf. %{paulkasa4} and %{pukkaza}).
pumaan.h = a person
pumanujA* = f. `" born after a male child "', having an elder brother Pn. 3-2, 100 Ks'.
(cf. {puMsA7nuja}).
pumapatya* = n. male offspring L.
pum-artha* = m. the aim of man ({-tA} f.) TBr. Sch.; ({am}) ind. for the sake of the soul
KapS.
pum-Akhya* = mfn. designated as male or masculine Pn. 8-3, 6 Sch.; ({A}) f. a name or
designation for male beings L. Pn. 4-1, 48 Sch.
pumAcAra* = m. the custom or usage of men Pn. 8-3, 6 Sch
pumbhaava * = m. the being a man, manhood, masculine gender Das3.
pumbhUman * = m. a word of the mascmasculine gender in the pl. number L.

puMguNajantu jIva* = m. the living or animal soul combined with the qualities of man
Tattvas.
puMs * = 1 cl. 10. %{puMsayati}, to crush, grind Dha1tup. xxxii, 94 (Nom. fr. next?).
2 puMs 2 m. (the strong cases from %{pumAns} [cf. Pa1n2. 7-1, 89]; sg. nom. %
{pu4mAn}; voc. %{pu4mas} or %{pu4man}; acc. %{pu4mAMsam}; du. nom. %
{pu4mAMsau}; pl. nom. %{pu4mAMsas} [irreg. %{puMsas} MBh. iii, 13825]; the weak
from %{puMs} [e.g. sg. instr. %{puMsA4}; loc. %{puMsi4} acc. pl. %{puMsa4s}], which
loses its %{s} before consonants [e.g. instr. pl. %{pum-bhi4s}; loc. pl. %{puMsu4}]; for
%{puMs}, ibc see Pa1n2. 8-3, 6) a man, a male being RV. &c. &c.; (in gram.) a
masculine (word) S3Br. Pa1n2. Vop.; a human being MBh. Ka1v. &c.; a servant,
attendant BhP.; the soul, spirit, spirit of man (= %{puruSa}; with %{para} or %
{parama}, the Supreme Spirit, Soul of the Universe, Vishn2u) KapS. Tattvas.
Sa1m2khyak. MBh. Pur. Katha1s.
puMs'calI * = f. `" running after men "', a harlot, courtezan AV. &c. &c. (%{-cala} m. a
fornicator VarBr2S. xxiii, 5) ; %{-lI-putra} m. a harlot's son Mr2icch. ; %{-li4ya} m. id.
Ra1jat.
puMs'caluu * = f. a harlot VS. ; m. a whoremonger Ka1tyS3r.
puMsa * = in comp. for 2. %{puMs}. -1.
puM-s'abda * m. a masculine word L.
puMsI * = f. a cow which has a bull-calf. Kaus3.

puM-sU * f. bringing forth only mmale children pGri.

puMvat * = ind. like a man, like or in or with a man &c. MBh. Kv.; like or in or with the
masculine gender S'rS. Pn. Vop. ({-vad-vidhAna} n. ceremonies as on the birth of a
male MW.)
puM-veSa * mf({A})n. wearing male attire, dressed like a man Kaths.
puNDarIka* = n. ( {puN} [?]; cf. Un. iv, 20 Sch.) a lotus-flower (esp. a white lotus; ifc.
expressive of beauty cf. g. {vyAghrA7di}) RV. &c.&c. (it is sacred to S'ikhin, one of the
Buddhas MWB. 515); a white umbrella L.; a kind of drug L.; (m. or n. ?) a mark on the
forehead S'atr.; N. of a Trtha MBh.; m. a kind of sacrifice MBh.; a species of rice Sus'r.;
a kind of fragrant mango L.; Artemisia Indica L.; a variety of the sugar-cane L.; a tiger
L.; a kind of bird L.; a kind of serpent L.; a kind of leprosy L.; fever in an elephant L.;
white (the colour) L.; N. of a Nga MBh.; of the elephant of the south-east quarter Ragh.;
of an ancient king MBh.; of a son of Nabha or Nabhas Hariv.; of a Brhman renowned
for filial piety, and afterwards worshipped as the god Vithhobl RTL. 263; (with Jainas) of
a Gana-dhara S'atr.; of a hermit (son of Sveta-ketu and Lakshmi) Kd.; of a poet Cat.; of
a mountain S'atr.; ({A}) f. N. of an Apsaras MBh.; of a daughter of Vasishthha (wife of
Pra7na or Pndu) VP.; of a river in Krau9ca-dvipa ib.
pu.nDariika = lotus
pungava (puMgava0)m. (ifc. f. {A}) a bull Lthy. Hariv.; a hero, eminent person, chief of
ifc. cf. {kuru-p-}, {gaja-p-} &c.); a kind of drug L.; {-ketu} m. `" marked by a bull "'N. of
S'iva Kum.

pu.nlingaM = masculine
pu.nsaH = of a person
pu.nsaaM = to the males (to all people)
pu.nstriilinge = masculine
punaH = again (on the other hand) *= in comp. for %{punar}.
punar * = ind. back, home, in an opposite direction RV. &c. &c. (with 1. %{gam}, %{yA},
to go back or away; with %{dA}, to give back, restore; with %{bhU}, to turn round; with
%{as} and dat., to fall back upon); again, once more (also with %{bhUyas}) ib. (with %
{bhU}, to exist again, be renewed, become a wife again, re= marry); again and again,
repeatedly ib. (mostly %{pu4naH@p-} which with %{na} = nevermore); further,
moreover, besides ib. (also %{punar@aparam}; %{Adau-punar-pazcAt}, at first-thenlater); however, still, nevertheless MBh. Ka1v. &c. (at the end of a verse it lays stress on a
preceding %{atha@vA}, %{api@vA}, or %{vA} alone; %{punar@api}, even again, on the
other hand, also; %{kadA@p-}, at any time, ever; %{kim@p-}, how much more or less?
however; %{ppreceding-p-}, now-now; at one time - at another time).
punarapi = punaH+api, again \& again
punaravasuu = Seventh nakshatra
punarjanma = rebirth
punashcha = and again

punaami = shall purify

puniita *= mfn. cleaned , purified MBh.
puja* = m. (mostly ifc.; f. {A}) a heap, mass, quantity, multitude MBh. Kv. &c.
punkhitashara = feathered arrow
puNya = purification acquired by virtuous deeds; auspicious, propitious, fair, pleasant,
good, right, virtuous, meritorious, pure, holy, sacred; ni. N. of a poet Cat.; of another
man Buddh.; m. or n. N. of a lake MBh.; ({A}) f. holy basil L.; Physalis Flexuosa L.; N. of
a daughter of Kratu and Sannati VP.; n. (ifc. f. {A}) the good or right, virtue, purity, good
work, meritorious act, moral or religious merit MBh. Kv. &c.; a religious ceremony
(esp. one performed by a wife in order to retain her husband's affections and to obtain a
son; also {-ka}) MBh. Hariv.; a brick trough for watering cattle W.
puNyaM = pious, meritorious
puNyaH = original
puNyakarmaNaaM = of the pious
puNyakritaM = of those who performed pious activities
puNyaphalaM = result of pious work
puNyaaH = righteous

puNyaapuNya = virtues \ + sins

puNyaaya = (Dative S) for virtu
puNye = the results of their pious activities
pura * = 1 (for 2. see p. 635), in comp. for {puras}.
puraa4 * = ind. (cf. {pra}, {puras}, {pUrva}) before, formerly, of old (with {na}, never "')
RV. &c. &c.; in a previous existence VarYogay.; (with pres. = pf.) from of old, hitherto,
up to the present time (also with {sma} cf. Pn. 3-2, 122; with {na}, never yet) RV. &c.
&c.; at first, in the beginning Bhartri. (opp. to {pazcA}, {pazcAt} Pn. 5-3, 33 Ks'.);
soon, shortly (with pres.= fut.) Klid. Naish.; (as prep., mostly in earlier language, with
abl., rarely with dat. or gen.) before; securely from; except, beside; (with pres.= fut. [cf.
Pn. 3-3, 4], once with Pot.) ere, before (sometimes with {na} or {na} and {yAvat}
[followed by {tAvat}], with {mA} or {yadi} MBh. Kv. &c.)
pura * = (for 1. see p. 634, col. 2) n. (ifc. f. {A}) a fortress, castle, city, town (a place
containing large buildings surrounded by a ditch and extending not less than one Kos in
length [635, 3]; if it extends for half that distance it is called a {kheTa}, if less than that, a
{karvaTa} or small market town; any smaller cluster of houses is called a {grAma} or
village W.) Mn. MBh. &c.; the female apartments, gynaeceum MBh. (cf. {antaH-p-},
{nArI-p-} &c.); a house, abode, residence, receptacle BhP. Tattvas.; an upper story L.; a
brothel L.; `" the city "' Gk. $ i.e. Pthali-putra or Patn L.; = {tri-pura}, the 3 strong
holds of the Asuras Kaths.; the body (cf. 3. {pur}) BhP.; the skin L.; a species of Cyperus
L.; N. of a constellation Var.; a leaf rolled into the shape of a funnel L. (prob. w.r. for
{puTa}); N. of the subdivisions of the Vedanta wk. {tripurI} or {tripuTI} (perhaps also

w.r. for {puTa}) Cat.; mf({A})n. a kind of resin, bdellium, Susr. L.; m. N. of an Asura=
{tri-pura} (cf. {pura-jit}), of another man, g. {kurv-Adi}; ({A}) f. a stronghold, fortress
(cf. {agni-purA} and {azma-p-}); a kind of perfume L.; ({I}) f. a fortress, castle, town
Tr. MBh. &c.; N. of a town (the capital of Kalinga, noted for the worship of Jagan-ntha
or Kriishna IW. 244 n. 1); the sanctuary or adytum of a temple Inscr.; the body BhP.; N.
of one of the 10 orders of mendicants (said to be founded by disciples of S'ankara, the
members of which add the word {purI} to their names) W.
puura * = mfn. ( {pRR}, Caus.) filling, making full (cf. {pANi-}); fulfilling, satisfying (cf.
{kAma-}); m. the act of filling, fulfilling &c. Kv. Pur.; the swelling or rising of a river or
of the sea, a large quantity of water, flood, stream (also met. = abundance, high degree,
esp. ifc.) Kv. Sus'r. &c. [642, 1]; a cake R. (cf. {ghRta-}); a kind of breath-exercise =
{pUraka} below BhP.; the cleansing of a wound L. (cf. {pUraNa}); the citron tree (=
{bIja-pUra}) L.; ({I}) f. N. of a woman Cat.; n. a kind of incense L.; bdellium L.;
mf({A})n. a sort of unleavened cake fried with ghee or oil W. (cf. {pUrikA} below).
pura* = 1 (for 2. see p. 635), in comp. for {puras}.\\ (for 1. see p. 634, col. 2) n. (ifc. f.
{A}) a fortress, castle, city, town (a place containing large buildings surrounded by a
ditch and extending not less than one Kos in length [635,3]; if it extends for half that
distance it is called a {kheTa}, if less than that, a {karvaTa} or small market town; any
smaller cluster of houses is called a {grAma} or village W.) Mn. MBh. &c.; the female
apartments, gynaeceum MBh. (cf. {antaH-p-}, {nArI-p-} &c.); a house, abode, residence,
receptacle BhP. Tattvas.; an upper story L.; a brothel L.; `" the city "' Gk. $ i.e. Pthaliputra or Patn L.; = {tri-pura}, the 3 strong holds of the Asuras Kaths.; the body (cf. 3.
{pur}) BhP.; the skin L.; a species of Cyperus L.; N. of a constellation Var.; a leaf rolled
into the shape of a funnel L. (prob. w.r. for {puTa}); N. of the subdivisions of the Vedanta
wk. {tripurI} or {tripuTI} (perhaps also w.r. for {puTa}) Cat.; mf({A})n. a kind of resin,

bdellium, Susr. L.; m. N. of an Asura= {tri-pura} (cf. {pura-jit}), of another man, g.

{kurv-Adi}; ({A}) f. a stronghold, fortress (cf. {agni-purA} and {azma-p-}); a kind of
perfume L.; ({I}) f. a fortress, castle, town Tr. MBh. &c.; N. of a town (the capital of
Kalinga, noted for the worship of Jagan-ntha or Kriishna IW. 244 n. 1); the sanctuary or
adytum of a temple Inscr.; the body BhP.; N. of one of the 10 orders of mendicants (said
to be founded by disciples of S'ankara, the members of which add the word {purI} to
their names) W.
puraa = formerly* = ind. (cf. {pra}, {puras}, {pUrva}) before, formerly, of old (with {na},
never "') RV. &c. &c.; in a previous existence VarYogay.; (with pres. = pf.) from of old,
hitherto, up to the present time (also with {sma} cf. Pn. 3-2, 122; with {na}, never yet)
RV. &c. &c.; at first, in the beginning Bhartri. (opp. to {pazcA}, {pazcAt} Pn. 5-3, 33
Ks'.); soon, shortly (with pres.= fut.) Klid. Naish.; (as prep., mostly in earlier
language, with abl., rarely with dat. or gen.) before; securely from; except, beside; (with
pres.= fut. [cf. Pn. 3-3, 4], once with Pot.) ere, before (sometimes with {na} or {na} and
{yAvat} [followed by {tAvat}], with {mA} or {yadi} MBh. Kv. &c.)
puraaNa* = mf({I} or {A})n. belonging to ancient or olden times, ancient, old (also=
withered, worn out, opp. to {nUtana}, {nava}) RV. &c. &c.; m. a Karsha or measure of
silver (= 16 Panas of cowries) Mn. viii, 136 (also n. L.); N. of a Riishi Kthh.; pl. the
ancients MW.; n. a thing or event of the past, an ancient tale or legend, old traditional
history. AV. &c. &c.; N. of a class of sacred works (supposed to have been compiled by
the poet Vysa and to treat of 5 topics [cf. {paJca-lakSaNa}]; the chief Purnas are 18,
grouped in 3 divisions: viz. 1. Rjasa exalting Brahm [e.g. the Brahma, Brahma7nda,
Brahmavaivarta, Mrkandeya, Bhavishya, Vmana]; 2. Sttvika exalting Vishnu [e.g. the
Vishnu, Bhgavata, Nradiya, Garuda, Padma, Varha]; 3. Tmasa exalting Siva [e.g.
the S'iva, Linga, Skanda, Agni or in place of it the Vyu, Matsya, Krma]; by some the

PPadma are divided into 4, and by others into 6 groups; cf. IW. 509 &c.); N. of wk.
(containing an index of the contents of a number of PPadma and some other wks.)
puraaNa* = {purAtana} see p. 635.
puraaNaM = the oldest
puraaNaH = the oldest
puraaNapurushhottamaH = the ancient \&the best of men
puraaNaaH = Purana
puraaNii = very old
puraatanaH = very old
puraH = before or in front, East is considered front for auspicious occasion
puraka = inhalation
purataH = in front
purato = in the front
puramathana = O Destroyer of Tripura
purandhrii = wife

puraNa* = m. ( {pRR}) the sea, ocean Un. ii, 81 Sch.

puraNDa* = m. pl. N. of a dynasty VP. (cf. {puruNDa}).
puras *= ind. in front , in advance , forward ; (as prep.) before (of place and time) , in
the presence or before the eyes of (gen. abl. acc. or comp.) RV. &c. &c. ; in comparison
with (gen.) Vcar. ; in or from or towards the east , eastward VS. Br. &c. (%
{dakSimataHpuraH} , towards the south-east MBh.) ; previously , first , first of all
Ratna7v. iii , 7. [Cf. %{pra@purA} , %{pUrva} ; Gk. , $ "' , before. "']
puraskaaraH = (m) prize
purastaat.h = from the front
purata *V= see puras
purii = stronghold, city
pure = in the city
purNatva = perfection
puroDaas'a m. id. AV. &c. &c. (RTL. 367); any oblation Mn. v, 23; the leavings of an
offering L.; Soma juice L.; a prayer recited while offering oblations in fire Pa1n2. Sch.; %
{-tA} f. state or condition of an oblation; acc. with %{nI}, to offer in fire, burn Pa1rvat.; %
{-bRgala4} n. a piece of the sacrificial cake S3Br.; %{-bhuj}. m. eater of the ssacrificial
ccake, a god S3is3.; %{-vatsA} (%{DAza4-}) f. having a sacrificial ccake for a calf.
AV.; %{-sviSTakRt} m. the SvSvisht2akr2it connected with the ssacrificial ccake

AitBr.; %{-hara} m. `" receiver of the ssacrificial ccake "'N. of Vishn2u Vishn2.; %{zika} mf(%{I})n. Pa1n2. 4-3, 70; %{si4n} mfn. connected with the ssacrificial ccake
TS.; %{-zIya} mfn. relating to or destined for the ssacrificial ccake A1pS3r.; %{zA7DA4} f. the Id2a1 portion of the sacrificial ccake S3Br.; %{-zya4} mfn. = %{-zIya}
MaitrS.
purodhasaaM = of all priests
purohita = priest
puroga * = mf({A})n. going before, leading, a leader, chief principal (ifc. preceded or
accompanied by) MBh. Kv. &c.
purogaa * = purogA m. a leader
purohita* = ({puro-}.) mfn. placed foremost or in front, charged, commissioned,
appointed; m. one holding a charge or commission, an agent; (esp.) a family priest, a
domestic chaplain RV. &c. &c. (RTL. 352 &c.); {-karman} n. N. of 3rd Paris'. of AV.; {tva} n. the rank of a Purohita MBh.
purujit.h = Purujit
purusha = man* = m. (m. c. also {pU4r-}; prob. fr. {pRR} and connected with {puru},
{pUru} ifc. f. {A}, rarely {I}; cf. Pn. 4-i, 24) a man, male, human being (pl. people,
mankind) RV. &c. &c.; a person, ({pumAn puruSaH}, a male person S'nkhGri. Mn.;
{daNDaHp-}, punishment personified Mn.; esp. grammatical pers.; with {prathama},
{madhyama}, {uttama} = the 3rd, 2nd, 1st pers. Nir. Pn.), an officer, functionary,
attendant, servant Mn. MBh. &c. (cf. {tat-p-}); a friend L.; a follower of the Snkhya

Philosophy (?) L.; a member or representative of a race or generation TS. Br. Mn. &c.;
the height or measure of a man (= 5 Aratnis = 120 Angulas) S'Br. S'ulbas. Var.; the pupil
of the eye S'Br.; (also with {nArAyaNa}) the primaeval man as the soul and original
source of the universe (described in the Purusba-su7kta q.v.) RV. S'Br. &c.; the personal
and animating principle in men and other beings, the soul or spirit AV. &c. &c.; the
Supreme Being or Soul of the universe (sometimes with {para}, {parama}, or {uttama};
also identified with Brahm, Vishnu, S'iva and Durg) VS. S'Br. &c. &c.; (in Snkbya)
the Spirit as passive and a spectator of the Prakriiti or creative force IW. 82 &c.; the, `"
spirit "' or fragrant exhalation of plants RV. x, 51, 8; (with {sapta}) N. of the divine or
active principles from the minute portions of which the universe was formed Mn. i, 19; N.
of a Pda in the Mahsnmn verses Lthy.; of the Ist, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th and 11th signs of
the zodiac Jyot.; of a son of Manu Ckshusha BhP.; of one of the 18 attendants of the sun
L.; pl. men, people (cf. above); N. of the Brhmans of Krauca-dvipa BhP.; (with
{paJca}) N. of 5 princely personages or miraculous persons born under partic.
constellations, Var; Rottleria Tinctoria L.; Clerodendrum Phlomoides L.; ({I}) f. a
woman, female RV. &c. &c.; m. or n. = {puruSaka} m. n. S'is'. v, 56 Sch.; n. (!) N. of
mount Meru L.
purushhaM = to a person
purushhaH = person
purushharshhabha = O best among men
purushhavyaaghra = O tiger among human beings
purushhasya = of a man

purushhaaH = such persons

purushhaat.h = from the person
purushhottama = O Supreme Person
purushhottamaM = the Supreme Personality of Godhead
purushhottamaH = as the Supreme Personality
purushhau = living entities
purushakAma * = mfn. desirous of men TndBr.
purushakSetra * =n. a male or uneven zodiacal sign or astrological house, Var,
purushagati * =f. N. of a Sman Gaut.
purushatA * =({-Sa4-}) f. manhood, manliness; ind. (as instr.) after the manner of men,
among men RV. [637, 2]
purusha-tejas
purushatejas * =({pu4-}) mfn. having a mas energy or manly vigour AV.
purushatva * =n. manhood, manliness MBh. Pur.; {-tva4-tA} ind. after the manner of
men RV.

purushadharma * =m. personal rule or precept KtyS'r.

purushaniyama * =m. (in gram.) a restriction as to person.
purushapati * = m. `" lord of men "'N. of Rma MW.
purushapazu * =m. a beast of man, a brutal man Pac. VP.; a man as a sacrificial victim
BhP.; the soul compared with animal IW. 85; a human animal, man W.
purushapura * =n. N. of the capital of Gndhra, the modern Peshwar ($ L.
purushaprabhu * =m. N. of a prince VP.
puru * = much, many, abundant (only {purU8}, {-rU4Ni}, {-rUNAm} and sev. cases of f.
{pUrvI}; in later language only ibc.) RV. &c. &c. ({-ru84}. much, often, very [also with a
compar. or superl.]; with {simA}, everywhere; with {tira4s}, far off, from afar;
{purA7ru4}, far and wide; {puru4 vi4zva}, one and all, every RV.); m. the pollen of a
flower L.; heaven, paradise L.; (cf. {pUru}) N. of a prince (the son of Yayti and
S'armishthh and sixth monarch of the lunar race) MBh. S'ak.; of a son of Vasu-deva
and Saha-dev BhP.; of a son of Madhu VP.; of a son of Manu Ckshusha and Nadval
Pur. [Cf. Old Pers. {paru}; Gk. $; Goth. {filu}; Angl. Sax. {ftolu}; Germ. {viel}.]
&194957[636, 2]
purvi = (f) sunrise, east, sun
purvottana = the front of the body
purvottanaasana = the front-stretching posture

pushkala = a lot1 * = mf(%{A})n. (cf. %{puSka}) much, many, numerous, copious,

abundant MBh. Ka1v. &c.; rich, magnificent, full, complete, strong, powerful, excellent,
best AV. &c. &c.; loud, resonant, resounding MBh. Hariv. Pur.; purified L.; m. (v.l. %{kara}) a kind of drum MBh.; (in music) a Partic. stringed instrument; N. of S3iva
S3ivag.; of a son of Varun2a L.; of an Asura Hariv.; of a R2ishi Cat.; of a son of Bharata
R.; of a Buddha Lalit.; of a Tirtha (rather n.) L.; pl. N. of, people Ma1rkP.; of the military
caste in Kus3advipa VP.; (%{I}) f. g. %{gaurA7di}; n. (ifc. f. %{A}) the bowl of a spoon
Gr2ihya1s. (v.l. %{-kara}); a partic. measure of capacity (= 8 Kun5cis = 64 handfuls)
A1pS3r. Sch.; a partic. weight of gold Ka1tyS3r. Sch.; alms to the exient of 4 mouthfuls of
food W (rather m.) N. of mount Meru L.
pushya = Eighth nakshatra
pushhkalaabhiH = Vedic hymns
pushhTiH = nourishment
pushthi * = (or {puSTi}, esp. RV.) f. well-nourished condition, fatness, plumpness,
growth, increase, thriving, prosperity, wealth, opulence, comfort RV. &c. &c.; breeding,
rearing (esp. of cattle; also with {pazoH}) RV. TS. S'Br.; development, fulness,
completeness Sh.; N. of a partic. ceremony performed for the attainment of welfare or
prosperity Cat.; N. of a daughter of Daksha and wife of Dharma MBh. Hariv. Pur. [639,
2]; of the mother of Lobha MrkP.; of a ddaughter of Dhruva VP.; of a ddaughter of
Paurnamsa ib.; of a S'akti Hcat.; one of the 16 Mtriiks or divine mothers L.; of a Kal
of the moon BrahmaP.; of a Kal of Prakriiti and wwife of Gane7s'a BrahmaP.; of a
form of Dakshyan MatsyaP.; of a form of Sarasvat W.; Physalis Flexuosa L.

pushhNaami = am nourishing
pushpamitra* = m. (v.l. {puSya-m-}) N. of a king (according to the Brhmanical
account, a general of the last Maurya dynasty and father of prince Agni-mitra, or
according to Buddhists, a king, the successor of Pushyadharman) Mlav. Pur. Buddh. (cf
IW. 167 n. 2); of another king VP.; {-sabhA} f. the court of king PPushyadharman Pn.
1-1, 68 Vrtt. 7 Pat.
pushhpa = flower
pushhpaM = a flower
pushhpadhaanii = (f) vase, flower-pot
pushhpita = one that has flowered
pushhpitaaM = flowery
pushhpitaagraM = flowertipped (also the metre with that name)
pushhya = Eighth nakshatra
pushhyati = (4 pp) to nourish
pushkala *= mf(%{A})n. (cf. %{puSka}) much, many, numerous, copious, abundant
MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; rich, magnificent, full, complete, strong, powerful, excellent, best AV.
&c. &c. ; loud, resonant, resounding MBh. Hariv. Pur. ; purified L. ; m. (v.l. %{-kara}) a
kind of drum MBh. ; (in music) a Partic. stringed instrument ; N. of S3iva S3ivag. ; of a

son of Varun2a L. ; of an Asura Hariv. ; of a R2ishi Cat. ; of a son of Bharata R. ; of a

Buddha Lalit. ; of a Tirtha (rather n.) L. ; pl. N. of, people Ma1rkP. ; of the military caste
in Kus3advipa VP. ; (%{I}) f. g. %{gaurA7di} ; n. (ifc. f. %{A}) the bowl of a spoon
Gr2ihya1s. (v.l. %{-kara}) ; a partic. measure of capacity (= 8 Kun5cis = 64 handfuls)
A1pS3r. Sch. ; a partic. weight of gold Ka1tyS3r. Sch. ; alms to the exient of 4 mouthfuls
of food W (rather m.) N. of mount Meru L.
pushya* = n. nourishment (pl.) Car.; the blossom or flower i.e. the uppermost or best of
anything (cf. Gk. &196071[640,2] $; Lat. {flos}) RV.; ({puSyA}) m. N. of the 6th (or 8th,
but see {nakSatra}) lunar asterism (also called Sidhya and Tishya) AV. &c. &c.; (= {yoga}), the conjunction of the moon with Pushya Mn. MBh. &c.; N. of the month Pausha
VP.; of the Kali-yuga or fourth age W.; of one of the 24 mythical Buddhas MWB. 136 n. 1;
of various princes VP.; n. N. of a Sman rshBr.; ({puSyA4}) f. a species of plant AV.;
the asterism Pushya L.
pushyamitra* = m. N. of a prince VP.; pl. his dynasty ib. (cf. {puSpa-m-})
pushpin *= mfn. bearing flowers , flowering , blossoming RV. &c. &c. ; florid , flowery
(as speech) BhP. ; (%{iNI}) f. (a woman) in menstruation or desirous of sexual
intercourse Ka1v. BhP.
pustaka = book
puT * = cl. 6. P. (Dhtup. xxviii, 74) {puTati}, to clasp, fold, envelop in (instr.) Bhpr.; to
rub together with (instr. ib.); cl. 1. P. {poTati}, to grind, pound Dhtup. ix, 38 (v.l. for
{muT}); cl. 10. P. {puTayati}, to be in contact with, xxxv, 58 {poTayati}, to speak or to
shine ({bhASA7rthe} or {bhAsA7rthe}), xxxiii, 80; to grind or pound, xxxii, 72 Vop.; to

be small, xxxii, 24 (v.l. for {puTT}).

put * = or {pud} (a word invented to explain {putra} or {put-tra} see Mn. ix, 138, and cf.
Nir. ii, 11), hell or a partic. hell (to which the childless are condemned) MBh.: Kv. and C.
[632, 3]
pUt * = ind. an onomat. expressive of blowing or hard breathing (prob. w.r. for {phUt},
{phut} q.v.
puTiikaroti = to fold, to roll (a carpet)
putrau = 2 sons of
putra = son * = m. (etym. doubtful, perhaps fr. 2. {puS}; traditionally said to be a comp.
{put-tra}, `" preserving from the hell called Put "' Mn. ix, 138) a son, child RV. &c. &c.
(also the young of an animal; cf. Pn. 8-1, 15 Sch.; ifc. it forms diminutives cf. {dRSat-p} and {zilA-p-}; voc. sg. du. pl. often used to address young persons, my son, my children
&c. "'; du. `" two sons "' or, a son and a daughter "'; cf. Pn. 1-2, 68); a species of small
venomous animal (= {putraka}) Cat.; (in astrol.) N. of the fifth house Var.; N. of a son of
Brahmishthha Ragh.; of a son of Priya-vrata VP. &c. &c.; ({I}) f. a daughter MBh. Hariv.
&c.; a doll or puppet (see {dAru-putrI}); ifc. used to form diminutives (see {asi-putrI}); a
species of plant L.; N. of Prvati L. [Cf. Zd. {puthra}; Gk. $ and Lat. {puer} (?).]
&193862[632, 3]
putra-bhaava = House of children or the 5th
putraH = son

putrakaaraka = Significator of Offspring

putrakritakaan.h = as a son
putrasya = with a son
putraaH = sons
putraadapi = even from the the son
putraan.h = sons
putrii = with daughter(s)(here it may mean, a man with issues)
putre = in(towards) the son
puuj.h = to worship
puujana = worship
puujayati = to worship
puujaa = Hindu ritual sometimes done to propitiate a planet
puujaaM = Worship
puujaagriham.h = (n) the puja room

puujaanaM = worship
puujaarhau = those who are worshipable
puujaavidhiM = methods of worship
puujaasthaanaM = (Nr.nom. + acc.S) the place of worship; altar
puujita = worshiped
puujya.nte = are worshipped (verb passive Pr.IIIP, pl.)
puujyaH = worshipable
puujyate = is worshipped
puurNa * = mfn. filled with tears.
puurNa4 * = mfn. filled, full, filled with or full of (instr. or gen. or comp.) RV. &c. &c.;
abundant, rich Kv.; fulfilled, finished, accomplished, ended, past S'nkhGri. MBh. R.
&c.; concluded (as a treaty), Rajat.; complete, all, entire SnkhBr. Mn. MBh. &c.;
satisfied, contented R.; (ifc.) perfectly familiar with Hcat.; drawn, bent to the full (as a
bow) MBh. Hariv.; (in augury) fullsounding, sonorous and auspicious (said of the cry of
birds and beasts, opp. to {dIpta} q.v.); uttering this cry VarBriS.; strong, capable, able
L.; selfish, self-indulgent W.; m. a partic. form of the sun Cat.; a kind of tree R.; (in
music) a partic. measure; N. of a Nga MBh.; of a Deva-gandharva ib.; of a Buddhist
ascetic Lalit.; ({A}) f. N. of the 15th Kal of the month BrahmaP.; of the 5th, 10th and:
15th Tithis Var.; N. of a woman Vet.; (with S'iktas) of an authoress of Mantras Cat.; of 2

rivers VP.; ii. fulness, plenty, abundance AV. TS.; water Naigh. i, 12; the cipher or figure
o Ganit.
puurta * = mfn. filled, full, complete, completed, perfected Pur.; ({iSTaz ca pUrtaz ca
dharmau} = {iSTApUrta} q.v. MrkP.); covered, concealed L.; n. fulfilling, fulfilment;
granting, rewarding, a reward, merit, a meritorious work, an act of pious liberality (such
as feeding a Brhman, digging a well &c.) RV. &c. &c.; keeping, guarding L.; N. of wk.
(also {-kamabA7kara}); {-dharma} (w.r. {pUrNa-dh-}) m. a meritorious work (cf.
{pUrta}) MrkP.; {-prakAza} m. {mAlA} f. {-to4ddyota} m. N. of wks.
puuta = purified
puutaaH = being purified
puuti = bad-smelling
puur.h = to fill
puura = flood* = mfn. ( {pRR}, Caus.) filling, making full (cf. {pANi-}); fulfilling,
satisfying (cf. {kAma-}); m. the act of filling, fulfilling &c. Kv. Pur.; the swelling or
rising of a river or of the sea, a large quantity of water, flood, stream (also met. =
abundance, high degree, esp. ifc.) Kv. Sus'r. &c. [642,1]; a cake R. (cf. {ghRta-}); a kind
of breath-exercise = {pUraka} below BhP.; the cleansing of a wound L. (cf. {pUraNa});
the citron tree (= {bIja-pUra}) L.; ({I}) f. N. of a woman Cat.; n. a kind of incense L.;
bdellium L.; mf({A})n. a sort of unleavened cake fried with ghee or oil W. (cf. {pUrikA}
below).
puuraka* = inhaling breath*= mfn. filling, completing, fulfilling, satisfying (ifc. or with

gen.; cf. Pn. 2-3, 70 Ks'.) Mn. MBh. &c.; m. flood, stream, effusion BhP.; (in arithm.)
the multiplier; a ball of meal offered at the conclusion of the oblations to the Pitriis L.
(also pinda m. Kull. on Mn. v, 85); closing the right nostril with the forefinger and then
drawing up air through the left and then closing the left nostril and drawing up air
through the right (as a religious exercise) RTL. 402; the citron tree L.; ({ikA}) f. a sort of
cake MBh. Yj. ({-kA7pUpa}) Bhpr. &c.
puuraNa* = mf({I})n. filling, completing, satisfying causing, effecting KtyS'r. S'ank.
Hariv.; drawing (a bow) MW.; m. `" completer "'N. of the masculine ordinal numbers
from {dvitIya} upwards Pn. 2-2, 11 &c.; a dam, bridge L.; the sea L.; a medicinal oil or
embrocation L.; N. of a man s'vS'r.; (with the patr. {vaizvAmitra})N. of the author of
RV. x, 160; ({I}) f. an ordinal number in the feminine gender Pn. v, 4, 116 &c.; Bonibax
Heptaphyllum L.; (du.) the cross threads in weaving cloth, warp Rjat.; N. of Durg
MW.; of one of the two wives of the popular deity Ayenr RTL. 219 ({pU4r-}) n. the act or
filling or filling up, puffing or swelling up AV. &c. &c.; fulfilling, satisfying Mlav.;
furnishing, equipping Var.; (with {dhanuSaH}) drawing or bending a bow to the full
MBh. R.; (in medic.) injection of fluids or supplying with food; (in astron.) the revolution
of a heavenly body through its orbit Sryas.; (in arithm.) multiplication; rain L.; a sort of
cake Bhpr.; Cyperus Rotundus L.; the cross threads in weiving cloth, warp L.
puuraya = (verbal stem) to fill
puurayati = to pour
puurushhaH = a man
puurNa4 * = mfn. filled, full, filled with or full of (instr. or gen. or comp.) RV. &c. &c.;

abundant, rich Kv.; fulfilled, finished, accomplished, ended, past S'nkhGri. MBh. R.
&c.; concluded (as a treaty), Rajat.; complete, all, entire SnkhBr. Mn. MBh. &c.;
satisfied, contented R.; (ifc.) perfectly familiar with Hcat.; drawn, bent to the full (as a
bow) MBh. Hariv.; (in augury) fullsounding, sonorous and auspicious (said of the cry of
birds and beasts, opp. to {dIpta} q.v.); uttering this cry VarBriS.; strong, capable, able
L.; selfish, self-indulgent W.; m. a partic. form of the sun Cat.; a kind of tree R.; (in
music) a partic. measure; N. of a Nga MBh.; of a Deva-gandharva ib.; of a Buddhist
ascetic Lalit.; ({A}) f. N. of the 15th Kal of the month BrahmaP.; of the 5th, 10th and:
15th Tithis Var.; N. of a woman Vet.; (with S'iktas) of an authoress of Mantras Cat.; of 2
rivers VP.; ii. fulness, plenty, abundance AV. TS.; water Naigh. i, 12; the cipher or figure
o Ganit.
puurNa * = mfn. filled with tears
puurNaH = the complete, perfect one
puurNamadaH = complete; whole; is that (the other worlds?)
puurNamidaM = complete and wwhole is this world
puurNamudachyate = complete whole is produced
puurNaat.h = From he Complete whole
puurnaayu = Full lifespan taken as 75-120 years
puuru4 * = m. (orig.= {puru}, and connected with {puruSa}, {pUrvSa}) a man, people.
RV.; N. of a tribe (associated with the Yadus, Turvas'as, Druhyus) ib.; of a class of

demons S'Br.; of an ancient prince (the son of Yayti and S'armishthh) MBh. S'ak. Pur.
(cf. Pn. 4-1, 165 Vrtt. 3 Pat.) [643, 1]; of a descendant of Atri and author of RV. v, 16;
17 RAnukr.; of a son of Manu and Nadval Hariv.; of a son of Jahnu BhP.
puurva = previous; pUrva mf({A})n. (connected with {purA}, {puras}, {pra}, and
declined like a pron. when implying relative position whether in place or time, but not
necessarily in abl. loc. sg. m. n. and nom. pl. m.; see Pn. 1-1, 27; 34; vii, 1, 16) being
before or in front fore, first RV. &c. &c.; eastern, to the east of (abl.) ib.; former, prior,
preceding, previous to, earlier than (abl. or comp.) ib. ({gaja-pUrva}, preceding the
number `" eight "' i.e. seven, the seventh S'rutab.; {mAsena p-}, or {mAsa-p-}, earlier by
a month Pn. 2-1, 31; ifc. often = formerly or before e.g. {strI-p-}, fformerly a wife;
{ADhya-p-}, fformerly wealthy; esp. after a pp. e.g. {kRta-p-}, done before, {dRSTa-p}, seen bbefore; ifc. also preceded or accompanied by, attended with e.g. {smita-pUrvAvAk}, speech accompanied by smiles; sometimes not translatable e.g. {mRdu-pUrvA
vAk}, kind speech); ancient, old, customary, traditional RV. &c. &c.; first (in a series),
initial, lowest (opp. to {uttara}; with {dama} or {sAhasa} `" the lowest fine "') Mn. viii,
120 &c.; (with {vayas}) `" first age "', youth MBh.; foregoing, aforesaid, mentioned
before (abl.) Mn. MBh. Pn.; m. an ancestor, forefather (pl. the ancients, ancestors) RV.
&c. &c.; an elder brother R.; N. of a prince BhP.; ({A}) f. (with or sc. {diz}) the east MBh.
R.; N. of a country to the east of Madhya-des'a L.; of the Nakshatras Prva-phalgunt,
Prva7shdh and Prvabhadrapad collectively Var.; n. the fore part S'ak. ii, 4 (cf. Pn.
2-2, 1); a partic. high number (applied to a period of years) Buddh.; N. of the most
ancient of Jaina writings (of which 14 are enumerated) L.; N. of a Tantra Cat.; an ancient
tradition W.; ({am}) ind. before (also as a prep. with abl.), formerly, hitherto, previously
(sometimes with pres.) RV. &c. &c. (often ibc. e.g. {pUrva-kArin}, active before,
{pUrvo7kta}, said bbefore; also ifc. in the sense of `" with "' e.g. {prIti-pUrvam}, with
love; {mati-pUrvam} with intention, intentionally; {mRdu-pUrva-bhAS}, to speak

kindly; cf. above; also with an ind. p. e.g. {pUrva-bhojam}, or {-bhuktvA}, having eaten
bbefore Pn. 3-4, 24; {adya-p-}, until now, hitherto; ppreviously {-tataH}, first-then;
{pUrva-pazcAt}, previously-afterwards; {pUrva-upari}, previously-subsequently;
{pUrva-adhUnA} or {adya}, formerly-now); ({eNa}) ind. in front, before; eastward, to
the east of (opp. to {apareNa}, with gen. or acc.; cf. Pn. 5-3, 35 Sch.) S'Br. &c. &c.;
(with {tataH}) `" to the east of that "' MBh.
puurvaabhadrapada = Twenty-fifth nakshatra
puurvaaNi = before
puurvaaphalguni = Eleventh nakshatra, (also just puurvaa)
puurvaashhaDhaa = Twentieth nakshatra
puurvaka = (m) ancestors
puurvameva = by previous arrangement
puurvaM = before, ago
puurvataraM = in ancient times * = ({pU4rva-}) mfn. earlier, previous, prior, anterior
RV. &c.; ({am}) ind. before, first, previously Bhag. R.
puurvaruupaM = having this form in the beginning
puurve = before

puurvaiH = by the predecessors

puushhaa = a god?
puushhNa = a name of Sun
puurva: before, being before or in front fore, first
puuya* = m. n. purulent matter, pus, suppuration, discharge from an ulcer or wound
S'Br. &c. &c.
R
raadhaka* = mfn. liberal, bountiful MW.
raadhana * = n. (only L.), propitiating, conciliating; pleasure, satisfaction [876, 3];
obtaining, acquisition; the means or instrument of accomplishing anything ({-dravya} n.
= {pAcala}); ({A}) f. speech L.; ({I}) f. worship A.
raa4dhas * = n. favour, kindness, bounty, a gift of affection, any gift RV. AV.;
munificence, liberality ib.; accomplishment of one's wishes, success BhP.; striving to
accomplish or gain ib.; wealth, power ib.
raadhAaavat * = mfn. wealthy, rich Nalo7d.
raadhya *= mfn. to be accomplished or performed RV. ; to be obtained or won ib. ; to
be appeased or propitiated ib. ; to be worshipped AitBr.

raaga = Anger * = m. (fr. {raJj}; ifc. {A}, or {I}) the act of colouring or dyeing (cf.
{mUrdhaja-r-}); colour, hue, tint, dye, (esp.) red colour, redness MBh. Kv. &c.;
inflammation Car.; any feeling or passion, (esp.) love, affection or sympathy for,
vehement desire of, interest or joy or delight in (loc. or comp.) Up. Mn. MBh. &c.;
loveliness, beauty (esp. of voice or song) S'ak. Pacat.; a musical note, harmony, melody
(in the later system a partic. musical mode or order of sound or formula; Bharata
enumerates 6, viz. {bhairava}, {kauzika}, {hindola}, {dIpaka}, {zrI-rAga}, and {megha},
each mode exciting some affection; other writers give other names; sometimes 7 or 26
Rgas are mentioned; they are personified, and each of the 6 chief Rgas is wedded to 5
or 6 consorts called Rgins; their union gives rise to many other musical modes) Bhar.
Sangt. Rjat. Pacat. &c.; nasalization, Rprt.; a partic. process in the preparation of
quicksilver Sarvad.; seasoning, condiment Car.; a prince, king L.; the sun L.; the moon
L.; ({A}) f. Eleusine Coracana (a sort of grain, commonly called Rggy, and much
cultivated in the south of India) L.; N. of the second daughter of Angiras MBh.; ({I}) f.
Eleusine Coracana L.
raagavati = red-coloured, passionate
rAghavendra* = m. `" RRghavas-chief. N. of various authors and others (also with
{AcArya}, {muni}, {yati}, {zatA7vadhAna}, and {sarasvatI}) Cat.; {-stotra-vyAkhyA}, f.;
{-drIya} n. N. of wks.
raagaatmakaM = born of desire or lust
raagii = very much attached
raaghavaM = thew descendant of Raghu

rAghava* = m. (fr. {raghu}) a descendant of Raghu patr. of Aja, of Das'a-ratha, and

(esp.) of Rma-candra (du. {rAghavau} = Rma and Lakshmana) R. Ragh. &c.; N. of
various authors and others (also with {AcArya}, {bhaTTa}, {paJcA7nanabhaTTA7cArya}, {cakravartin}, {rAya} &c.) Cat.; of a serpent-demon L.; the ses, ocean
L.; a species of large fish L.
raaghavaH = RAghava (RAma)
raaGYii = (f) queen
raahuu = North Lunar Node. Caput Draconis or Dragos head
raaja * = m. (ifc.) = 1. {rAjan}, a king, sovereign, chief or best of its kind MBh. Kv. &c.
raajaguhyaM = the king of confidential knowledge
raajaduutaH = (m) ambassador, diplomat
raajadvaara = doors of apalace
raajan.h = king
raajaniti = (f) politics
raajamaNiH = the jewel of the kings or the king of jewels
raajayoga = Combinations for Status and Power

raajarshhayaH = the saintly kings

raajavidyaa = the king of education
raajasaM = in the mode of passion
raajasaH = in the mode of passion
raajasabhaa = assembly of king, advisors, and subjects
raajasasya = to one in the mode of passion
raajasaaH = those situated in the mode of passion
raajasika = Regal planets - Sun, Mars and Venus
raajasii = in the mode of passion
raajaha.nsa = swan
raajaha.nsaH = the royal swan
raajaa = a ruler, king
raajaadhiraaja = Overking of kings
raajiiv = lotus

raajiiva = lotus
raajiivanetraM = the lotus-eyed
raaje.ndraM = the lord of kings
raajya = Kingdom;* = mfn. kingly, princely, royal TBr.; n. (also {rA4jya} or {rAjyA})
royalty, kingship, sovereignty, empire (`" over "' loc. or comp.; `" of "' gen. or comp.;
acc. with {kR} or Caus. of {kR} or with {upa-As} or {vi-dhA}, to exercise government,
rule, govern) AV. &c. &c.; kingdom, country, realm (= {rASTra}) ib. 1.
raajyaM = kingdom
raajyasukhalobhena = driven by greed for royal happiness
raajyasya = for the kingdom
raajyena = is the kingdom
raakaa * = f. (Un. iii, 40) the goddess presiding over the actual day of full moon (or
regarded as the Full Moos consort; Anumati is supposed to preside over the previous
day) Jyot. (cf. IW. 158); the day of full moon, full moon RV. &c. &c.; N. of a daughter of
Angiras and Smriiti Pur.; of a daughter of Angiras and S'raddh ib.; of the wife of Dhtrii
and mother of Prtrii ib.; of a Rkshas (the mother of Khara and S'rpa-nakh) MBh.;
of a daughter of Su-mlin R.; of a river BhP.; itch, scab L.; a girl in whom menstruation
has begun L. [871, 3]
raakiNii = the goddess in svadhishthana

raati * = mfn. ready or willing to give, generous, favourable, gracious RV. AV. VS. Br.; f.
a favour, grace, gift, oblation RV. &c. &c. (in RV. also `" the Giver "' conceived of as a
deity and associated with Bhaga; {indrasya rAtI} v.l. {-tiH}N. of a Sman rshBr.)
raaTi * = f. ( {raT}) war, battle L.
raatra = night
raatri = night *= or (older) %{rA4trI} f. (prob. `" bestower "' , fr. %{rA} ; or `" season
of rest "' , fr. %{ram}) night , the darkness or stillness of night (often personified) RV. &c.
&c. (%{rAtrau} or %{-tryAm} ind. at nnight , by nnight ; %{rAtrau@zayanam} , a
festival on the 11th day of the first half of the month A1sha1d2ha , regarded as the night
of the gods , beginning with the summer solstice , when Vishn2u reposes for four months
on the serpent S3esha) ; = %{ati-rAtra} S3Br. ; = %{rAtri-paryAya} ib. ; = %{rAtrisAman} La1t2y. ; (only %{rAtri}) one of the 4 bodies of Brahma1 VP. ; = %{haridrA} ,
turmeric MBh. Sus3r. ; (with the patr. %{bhAradvAjI}) N. of the authoress of RV. x , 127
Anukr.
raatriM = night
raatriH = night
raatrikritaM = night-done
raatrichandrau = the pair of night and moon
raatrau = in the night

raatryaagame = at the fall of night

raadhaa = Radha, Krishna's beloved
raakshasa = demon
raakshasiiM = demonic
raama = Rama, deity Shrii Rama
raama * = mf({A4})n. (prob. `" causing rest "', and in most meanings fr. {ram}) dark,
dark-coloured, black (cf. {rAtri}) AV. Tr. ({rAmaH zakuniH}. a black bird, crow
KthhGri. Vishn.); white (?) L.; pleasing, pleasant, charming, lovely, beautiful MBh. Kv.
&c.; m. a kind of deer Car.; a horse L.; a lover VarBriS.; pleasure, joy, delight BhP.; N. of
Varuna. L.; N. of various mythical personages (in Veda two Rmas are mentioned with
the patr. Mrgaveya and Aupatasvini; another RRmas with the patr. Jmadagnya [cf.
below] is the supposed author of RV. x, 110; in later times three RRmas are
celebrated, viz. 1. Paras'u-rma [q.v.], who forms the 6th Avatra of Vishnu and is
sometimes called Jmadagnya, as son of the sage Jamad-agni by Renuk, and
sometimes Bhrgava, as descended from Bhriigu; 2. Rma-candra [see below]; 3. Balarma [q.v.], `" the strong Rma "', also called Hala7yudha and regarded as elder brother
of Kriishna [RTL. 112] accord. to Jainas a Rma is enumerated among the 9 white Balas;
and in VP. a RRmas is mentioned among the 7 Riishis of the 8th Manv-antara) RV. &c
&c. N. of a king of Malla-pura Cat.; of a king of S'riinga-vera and patron of Nge7s'a ib.;
of various authors and teachers (also with {AcArya}, {upA7dhyAya}, {kavi}, {cakravartin}, {jyotir-vid}, {jyau-} {tiSaka}, {tarka-vAg-Iza}, {dIkSita}, {daiva-jJa}, {paNDita},
{bhaTTa}, {bhaTTA7cArya}, {vAjapeyin}, {zarman}, {zAstrin}, {saMyamin}, {sUri} &c.)

Cat.; N. of the number `" three "' (on account of the 3 Rmas) Hcat. ({rAmasya iSuH}, a
kind of cane = {rAmakaNDa} L.); pl. N. of a people VP.; ({A4}) f. a beautiful woman, any
young and charming woman, mistress, wife, any woman KathhUp. MBh. &c. (for comp.
see p. 878); a dark woman i.e. a woman of low origin TS. Tr.; N. of various plants
(Jonesia Asoka; Aloe Perfoliata; Asa Foetida &c.) L. vermilion L.; red earth L.; a kind of
pigment (= {gorocanA}) L.; a river L.; a kind of metre L.; (in music) a kind of measure
Sangt.; N. of an Apsaras L. Sch.; of a daughter of Kumbha7nda Hariv.; of the mother of
the ninth Arhat of the present Ava-sarpin L.; ({I4}) f. darkness, night RV.; n. id. ib.; the
leaf of Laurus Cassia L.; Chenopodium Album L.; = {kuSTha} L.
raamaa * = f. (of {rAma}) a lovely or charming wom
raamaanuja * = m. `" younger brother of Rma "' (this title would be applicable to
Kriishna as born after Bala-rma of the same father); N. of a celebrated Vaishnava
reformer (founder of a particular Vedantic school which taught the doctrine of
{viziSTA7dvaita} or qualified non-duality i.e. that the human spirit is separate and
different from the one Supreme Spirit though dependent on it and ultimately to be united
with it; he lived at Kcpuram and S'r-rangam in the South of India, in the 12th
century, and is believed by his followers to have been an incarnation of S'esha; he is also
called Rma7nujcrya and Yati-rja; n. or {jam matam}, Rma4nuja's doctrine) RTL.
119, 448 &c.; (with {dIkskita}) N. of another author Cat.; {-guru paramparA} f. {grantha} m. {-campU} f. {-carita} n. {-caritra} n. {-daNDaka} m. or n. {-darzana} n. N.
of wks.; m. N. of an author Cat.; {-divyacaritra} n. {-bhASya-gAmbhIrya} n. {matakhaNDana} n. {mata-dhvaMsana} n. {-mauktika} n. {-vaMzA7vali} f. {-vijaya},m.,
{-zataka-TIkA} f. {-siddhA7nta-padavI} f. {-siddhA7nta-vijaya} m. {-siddhA7ntasaMgraha} m. {su-prabhAta} n. {-stotra} n. N. of wks. [878,2]; {-svAmin} m. N. of an
author Cat.; {-jA7rAdhana-vidhi} m. {-jA7STo7ttara} n. {-jIya} n. {-jIya-siddhA7nta} m.

N. of wks.
raamaM = rAma
raamaH = Rama
raamakavachaM = rAma-armour
raamakrishhNa = Commonly known Ramakrishna, a saint from Bengal
raamakrishhNasya = of Ramakrishna
raamacha.ndra = rAmachandra
raamacha.ndraH = rAma
raamacha.ndram.h = rAmachandra
raamacha.ndraaya = to rAmachandra
raamacha.ndreti = saying `rAmachandra'
raamacha.ndro = Lord RAmachandra
raamanaama = the name of rAma (uttering of the word `rAma' only once is
raamanaamnaa = by the name of rAma

raamabalopetaaM = that which has been attained through rAma'a strength, power
raamabhadra = raama who gives the well-being
raamabhadraaya = to the good-giving, protecting RAma
raamabhadreti = rAmabhadra+iti, saying `rAmabhadra"(raama who gives the
raamarakshaa = rAma armour or rama- protection
raamarakshaaM = raamarakshA (hymn)
raamarakshaastotrajape = in the chanting of rAmaraksha hymn
raamalakshmaNau = raama \& lakshmaNa
raamasya = rAmaa's
raamah = Lord Rama
raamaannaasti = no one is except from rAma
raamaabhoga = sexual pleasures?
raamaaya = to rAma
raamaayaNaH = epic Ramayana, part of itihas (history)

raamacandra *= m. `" RRa1mas-moon "'N. of the principal Ra1ma called

Da1s3arathi , as son of Das3a-ratha , and Ra1ghava , as descended from Raghu
(although the affix %{candra} seems to connect him with the moon , he is not , like
Kr2ishn2a and Bala-ra1ma , of the lunar but of the solar race of kings ; he forms the 7th
Avata1ra of Vishn2u and is the hero of the Ra1ma1yan2a , who , to recover his faithful
wife Si1ta1 , advanced southwards , killed the demon Ra1van2a and subjugated his
followers the Ra1kshasas , the poetical representatives of the barbarous aborigines of the
south) Ra1matUp. (IW. 330 RTL. 110) ; N. of various kings and authors &c. (also with %
{AcArya} , %{kavi} , %{kSiti-pati} , %{cakra-vartin} , %{daNDin} , %{dIkSIta} , %
{naimiSa-stha} or %{vAjapeyin} , %{nyAya-vAg-Iza} , %{parama-haMsa} , %{pAThaka}
, %{bhaTTa} , %{bhaTTA7cArya} , %{bhArgava} , %{bhiSaj} , %{mizra} , %{yajvan} , %
{yatI7zvara} , %{vAcas-pati} , %{zAstrin} , %{sArasvatI} , %{siddha} &c.) Cat. ; %{karuNA-sAgara-candrikA} f. %{-kavaca} n. %{-kAvya} n. N. of wks. ; %{-gaNe7za} m. N.
of an author Cat. ; %{-catuH-sUtrI} f. %{-candrikA} f. %{campU} f. %{-carita} n. %{caritra-sAra} m. %{-jyotsnA} f. N. of wks. ; %{-tIrtha} m. (formerly , %
{mAdhava@zAstrin}) N. of the successor of Va1g-is3a-tirtha (of the Madhva school ; he
died in 1377) Cat. (cf. RTL. 130) ; of two other scholars Cat. ; %{-dAsa} m. N. of a poet
ib. ; %{-nATaka} n. N. of a drama (= %{rAma-nATaka}) ; %{-nAmA7STo7ttara-zata} n.
%{-paJcadazI} f. %{-pUjA-vidhi} m. %{-maho7daya} m. %{-yazaH-prabandha} m. %{stava-rAja} m. %{-stotra} n. ; %{-drA7rya-maGgalA7zAsana} n. N. of wks. ; %{drA7zrama} m. N. of an author Cat. ; n. of a Tirtha ib. ; %{-drA7zritapArijAta} m. %{drA7STaka} n. %{-drA7hnika} n. %{-drikA} f. N. of wks. ; %{-dre7ndra} m. (with %
{sarasvati}) N. of a teacher Cat. ; %{-dro7daya} m. `" rise of Ra1ma-candra "'N. of
various wks.
raame = in RAma

raameNaabhihataa = the one struck by rAma

raameti = rAma+iti saying thus rAma
raamo = rAma
raaNa* = m. n. (2. {raN}) murmuring L.; n. a leaf. L.; a peacock's tail L. (cf. {rAjarANaka}); ({A}) f. (prob.) N. of a goddess.
raaNaa* = m. (corruption of {rAjan} q.v.) a king.
raasa * = m. uproar, noise, din L.; N. of a partic. rustic dance practised by cowherds,
(esp.) the dance practised by Kriishna and the Gops Hariv. Pur. Gt. &c. (cf. {rAsaka})
[879, 3]; any sport or play L.; a legend (?), in {narmadA-sundarI-r-} (q.v.); = {bhASAzRGkhalaka}
raasalaasya = raasa dance
raashi = Sign of the Zodiac
raashTra = nation
raasabha * = (1. {rAs}), the brayer "', an ass, jackass, donkey RV. &c. &c.; ({I}) f. a sheass MBh. Pacat.
raata * = mfn. given, presented, bestowed RV. &c. &c. (often ifc.; cf. {asmad-}, {deva-},
{brahma-r-}. &c.); m. N. of a teacher Ping. Sch.

raati * = mfn. ready or willing to give, generous, favourable, gracious RV. AV. VS. Br.; f.
a favour, grace, gift, oblation RV. &c. &c. (in RV. also `" the Giver "' conceived of as a
deity and associated with Bhaga; {indrasya rAtI} v.l. {-tiH}N. of a Sman rshBr.)
raathi * = f. ( {raT}) war, battle L.
raatraa V*= nights
raatri * = or (older) %{rA4trI} f. (prob. `" bestower "', fr. %{rA} ; or `" season of rest "',
fr. %{ram}) night, the darkness or stillness of night (often personified) RV. &c. &c. (%
{rAtrau} or %{-tryAm} ind. at nnight, by nnight ; %{rAtrau@zayanam}, a festival on
the 11th day of the first half of the month A1sha1d2ha, regarded as the night of the gods,
beginning with the summer solstice, when Vishn2u reposes for four months on the
serpent S3esha) ; = %{ati-rAtra} S3Br. ; = %{rAtri-paryAya} ib. ; = %{rAtri-sAman}
La1t2y. ; (only %{rAtri}) one of the 4 bodies of Brahma1 VP. ; = %{haridrA}, turmeric
MBh. Sus3r. ; (with the patr. %{bhAradvAjI}) N. of the authoress of RV. x, 127 Anukr.
raavaNa = a demon king from Lanka who abducted the wife of Rama
raavaNaarim.h = rAvaNasya ariM, the enemy of rAvaNa
raaya* = m. (at the beginning or end of a proper N. used as a title of honour = {rAjan}, of
which it is a corruption) a king, prince; N. of a son of Pur-ravas W. (prob. w.r. for
{raya}).
rabhate = (1 ap) to begin, start
rabhasa * = mf({A})n. (fr. prec.) impetuous, violent, rapid, fierce, wild RV. &c. &c.; (ifc.)

eager for, desirous of Klid.; strong, powerful (said of the Soma) RV.; shining, glaring
ib.; m. impetuosity, vehemence, hurry, haste, speed, zeal, passion, eager desire for
(comp.) MBh. Kv. &c. (also {A} f. L.; {rabhasa} ibc.; {at} and {ena} ind. violently,
impetuously, eagerly, quickly); joy, pleasure Gt.; regret, sorrow W.; poison L.; N. of a
magical incantation recited over weapons R.; of a Dnava (v.l. {razmisa}); of a king (son
of Rambha) BhP.; of a Rkshasa L.; of a lexicographer (also called {rabhasa-pAla}) Cat.;
of a monkey R.
rach.h = to form
rachayati = (10 up) to arrange
racita * = mfn. produced, fashioned, constructed, performed, arranged, prepared,
made of (instr. or comp.). Ka1v. Var. BhP. ; made or chosen for (nom.) Bhat2t2. ;
placed, inserted, inlaid, fixed on or in (loc.) Ka1v. Katha1s. BhP. ; set out, displayed in
(loc. or comp.) Ka1lid. ; directed towards (loc.) BhP. ; furnished, provided, set or
studded with (instr. or comp.) Hariv. Ka1lid. Sus3r. ; (ifc.) occupied with, engaged in
Ba1lar. ; (with %{mRSA}) invented Katha1s. ; m. N. of a man g. %{bidA7di}.
radaM = ?
raghukulatilakaM = the mark (e.g. one on the forehead) of the Raghu family
raghuttamaH = best of the Raghu race
raghuna.ndana = the delighter of the Raghus
raghuna.ndanam.h = thedelighter of Raghus

raghunandana = Rama
raghunaathasya = lord of the Raghu's(rAma descended from the famous
raghunaathaaya = to the lord of Raghus
raghuva.nshanaatham.h = the lord of the Raghu family
raghuvaraM = the chosen Raghu
raghuuttamaH = the best of the raghus (raghu-descendants)
raghuuttamau = the best two of the Raghu race
rahas * n. 1 n. (for 2. see p. 871, col, 1) swiftness, speed, velocity BhP.\\ (for 1. see p. 859,
col. 3) a lonely or deserted place, loneliness, solitude, privacy, secrecy, retirement (%
{rahas}, %{-si} and %{-ssu} ind. privately, in secret) Mn. MBh. &c.; a secret, mystery,
mystical truth Ka1v. Pur.; sexual intercourse, copulation L.
rahasi = in a secluded place
rahasyaM = mystery
rajaH = (m) king
raja * = m. (g. {pacA7di}) = {rajas}, dust (cf. {nI-}, {vi-r-}); the pollen of flowers,
Prasanga7bh.; the menstrual excretion (also n.) L.; emotion, affection L.: the quality of
passion Un. iv, 216 Sch.; N. of one of Skanda's attendants MBh.; of a king (son of Viraja)

VP.
rajakaH = (m) washerman, dhobi
rajani = night
rajanii = night
rajaniichara = moon, demon
rajasa = mobility
rajasaH = from the mode of passion
rajasi = of the mode of passion
rajoguNa = the mode of passion
rajju = (fem) rope, straight line
rajjuH = (m) rope
raJNjana = entertainment, delight
raJNjanaa = (f) a giver of delight
raksh.h = to protcet

rakshaH = the Rkshasaas

rakshakaH = (m) guard, protector
rakshaNa = protection
rakshaNaaya = for protection
rakshati = (1 pp) to protect
Rkshasa = adj. devil
rakshaa = protection
rakshaaM = protecting armour
rakshaa.nsi = the demons
rakshitaM = the person who has ben protected(by)
rakshitaH = (past part.masc.nom.S) the protected one
rakshya = protection
rakta * = mf({A})n. coloured, dyed, painted Br. GriS'rS. Mn. &c. (cf. Pn. 4-2, 1);
reddened, red, crimson S'nkhGri. MBh. Kv. &c. (said of 5 or 7 parts of the body which
ought to be red MBh. iv, 253 VarBriS. lxviii, 84); `" coloured or modified by nasalization
"', nasalized (said of a vowel) RPrt. (cf. {raGga}); excited, affected with passion or love,

impassioned, enamoured, charmed with (instr.), attached or devoted to, fond of (loc.
gen. or comp.) Mn. MBh. &c.; beloved, dear, lovely, pleasant, sweet Kv.; fond of play,
engaging in pastime, sporting L.; m. red colour L.; safflower L.; Barringtonia Acutangula
L.; N. of S'iva MBh.; of the planet Mars VarBriS. Sch.; ({A}) f. lac (= {lAkSA}) Sus'r.;
Abrus Precatorius (or its seeds as a measure or weight, = {raktikA}) Car.; Rubia
Munjista L.; Echinops Echinatus L.; N. of one of the 7 tongues of fire L.; (in music) N. of
a S'ruti Sangt.; n. blood Mn. Hariv. &c.; a partic. disease of the eyes, Hcat; the
menstrual fluid L.; copper L.; vermilion L.; cinnabar L.; saffron L.; the fruit of
Flacourtia Cataphracta L.; = {padmaka} L.
raka * =m. the sun gem; crystal; a hard shower
raksha * = 1 mf(%{I})n. (%{A} f. see p. 860) guarding, watching, protecting, serving; a
watcher, keeper Suparn2. MBh. &c. (mostly ifc.; cf. %{kSetra-}, %{go-}, %{cakra-r-}
&c.) \\ akSa 2 in comp. for %{rakSas}.
rakshA f. the act of protecting or guarding, protection, care, preservation, security Mn.
MBh. &c.; a guard, watch, sentinel Mr2icch. Ka1m.; any preservative, (esp.) a sort of
bracelet or amulet, any mysterious token used as a charm BhP. Sus3r.; a tutelary divinity
(cf. %{mahA-r-}); ashes (used as a preservative) L.; (%{A} or %{I}) f. a piece of thread or
silk bound round the wrist on partic. occasions (esp. on the full moon of S3ra1van2a,
either as an amulet and preservative against misfortune, or as a symbol of mutual
dependence, or as a mark of respect) MW.
raktaM = the red one (raktaM may mean blood also)
raktaH = attached

raktaga.ndha = red scent

raktapusshhpaiH = with red flowers
raktavaasasam.h = haaving red dress
rambhaaphala = plantain
ramaa * = f. of {rama} q.v.; a wife, mistress W.; N. of Lakshm, the Goddess of Fortune
Bhartri. BhP.; good luck, fortune, splendour, opulence Cn.; splendour, pomp Bhm.
[868, 2]; N. of the 11th day in the dark half of the month Krttika Cat.; of the syllable
{zRRm} (also {rama}) Sarvad.; of a daughter of S'as'i-dhvaja and wife of Kalki KalkiP.
ramaavaasa = the abode of rama (lakshmi)
rama * = mfn. pleasing, delighting, rejoicing (only ifc.; cf. {mano-r-}); dear, beloved W.;
m. (only L.) joy; a lover, husband, spouse; Kma-deva, the god of love; the red-flowering
As'oka; ({A}) f. see s.v.
rama.nte = revel; enjoy (Vr.Pr.III P Pl.AP)
ramanti = enjoy transcendental bliss
ramate = delights
rame = Oh! ramA (Shiva tells this shloka to his consort PArvati
rameshaM = the lord of ramA(sItA)

raMhas * = n. speed, quickness, velocity MBh. Ka1v. &c.; eagerness, impetuosity BhP.;
m. N. of S3iva (Vehemence personified) MBh.; of Vishn2u Hariv.
raMhasa* = (ifc.) = %{raMhas} (e.g. %{mano-mArutar-}, having the swiftness of
thought or of the wind Hariv.)
ra.ngaavalii = colored design
ra.nj..h = to entertain
rangavalli = (f) rangoli
raNa* = 1 m. delight, pleasure, gladness, joy RV. VS. AV.; (also n.) battle (as an object of
delight), war, combat, fight, conflict RV. &c. &c.\\ =2 m. (for 1. see p. 863, col. 3) sound,
noise L.; the quill or bow of a lute (= {koNa}) L. - 2.\\ =3 m. going, motion L.
raNakarkasha = the vanquishing one in the war
raNara.ngadhiiram.h = the brave in the stage of war
raNaat.h = from the battlefield
randha * = m. (prob.) subjection, destruction Ka1s3. on Pa1n2. 7-1, 61.
randhaka * = mfn. subduing, destroying id. ; m. n. and (%{ikA}) f. the sheath of a knife
L.
randhana * = mfn. destroying (in %{abhadra-r-}) BhP. ; n. destruction ib. cooking TS.

Sch.
randhanaaya * = Nom. P. %{-yati}, to make subject, deliver into the power of (dat.) RV.
randhi *= f. (for %{ra4nddhi}) subjection, subjugation RV. ; the being prepared or
cooked BhP.
randhrikaa = (f) punching machine
raNe = on the battlefield
rajana * = mf(%{I})n. colouring, dyeing (%{-tva} n.) Sarvad.; (ifc.) pleasing, charming,
rejoicing, delighting Gi1t. (cf. %{jana-raJjanI}); conciliating, befriending MW.; m.
Saccharum Munja L.; (%{I}) f. prob. friendly salutation Buddh.; the indigo plant L.;
Nyctanthes Arbor Tristis L.; turmeric L.; saffron L.; a kind of fragrant perfume L.; red
arsenic L.; (in music) a partic. S3ruti Sam2gi1t.; n. the act of colouring or dyeing
Va1gbh.; colour, dye, paint R.; (in gram.) nasalization VPra1t. Sch.; the act of pleasing,
delighting, conciliating, giving pleasure MBh. Ka1v. &c.; a partic. game L.; red
sandalwood L.; cinnabar L.
rajaka * = mf(%{ikA})n. colouring, dyeing S3a1rn3gS.; exciting passion or love,
charming, pleasing Cat.; m. a colourist, dyer, painter Mn. iv, 216 [863,3]; an inciter of
affection &c., stimulus W.; the red powder on the capsules of the Rottleria Tinctoria L.;
biliary humour on which vision depends W.; (%{akI}) f. a female colourer or dyer Cat.; n.
cinnabar L.; vermilion L.
rarijana = Entourage

rasa = enjoyment, interest * rasa = m. (ifc. f. {A}) the sap or juice of plants, Juice of fruit,
any liquid or fluid, the best or finest or prime part of anything, essence, marrow RV. &c.
&c.; water, liquor, drink MBh. Kv. &c.; juice of the sugar-cane, syrup Sus'r.; any
mixture, draught, elixir, potion R. BhP.; melted butter L.; (with or scil. {gavAm}) milk
MBh.; (with or scil. {viSasya}) poison Das'. Rjat. [869, 3]; nectar L.; soup, broth L.; a
constituent fluid or essential juice of the body, serum, (esp.) the primary juice called
chyle (formed from the food and changed by the bile into blood) ib.; mercury, quicksilver
(sometimes regarded as a kind of quintessence of the human body, else where as the
seminal fluid of S'iva) Sarvad.; semen virile RV. i, 105, 2; myrrh L.; any mineral or
metallic salt Cat.; a metal or mineral in a state of fusion (cf. {upa-}, {mahA-r-}); gold L.;
Vanguieria Spinosa L.; a species of amaranth L.; green onion L.; resin L.; = {amRta} L.;
taste, flavour (as the principal quality of fluids, of which there are 6 original kinds, viz.
{madhura}, sweet; {amla}, sour; {lavaNa}, salt; {kaTuka}, pungent; {tikta}, bitter; and
{kaSAya}, astringent; sometimes 63 varieties are distinguished, viz. beside the 6 original
ones, 15 mixtures of 2, 20 of 3, 15 of 4, 6 of 5, and 1 of 6 flavours) S'Br. &c. &c.; N. of the
number `" six "' VarBriS. S'rutab.; any object of taste, condiment, sauce, spice,
seasoning MBh. Kv. &c.; the tongue (as the organ of taste) BhP.; taste or inclination or
fondness for (loc. with or scil. {upari}, or comp.), love, affection, desire MBh. Kv. &c.;
charm pleasure, delight ib.; (in rhet.) the taste or character of a work, the feeling or
sentiment prevailing in it (from 8 to 10 Rasas are generally enumerated, viz. {zRGgAra},
love; {vIra}, heroism; {bIbhatsa}, disgust; {raudra}, anger or fury; {hAsya}, mirth;
{bhayAnaka}, terror; {karuNa}, pity; {adbhuta}, wonder; {zAnta}, tranquillity or
contentment; {vAtsalya}, paternal fondness; the last or last two are sometimes omitted;
cf. under {bhAva}) Bhar. Das'ar. Kvya7d. &c.; the prevailing sentiment in human
character Uttarar. Rjat.; (with Vaishnavas) disposition of the heart or mind, religious
sentiment (there are 5 Rasas or Ratis forming the 5 degrees of {bhakti} q.v., viz. {zAnti},
{dAsya}, {sAkhya}, {vAtsalya}, and {mAdhurya}) W.; a kind of metre Ping.; N. of the

sacred syllable, `" Om, `" S'nkhGri.; the son of a Nishda and a S'anak L.; ({A}) f. see
s.v.
rasaa * = f. moisture, humidity RV.; N. of a river ib.; a mythical stream supposed to flow
round the earth and the atmosphere ib. (Nir. xi, 23); the lower world, hell MBh. Pur. (cf.
{-tala}); the earth, ground, soil Kv.; the tongue L.; N. of various plants (Clypea
Hernandifolia; Boswellia Thurifera; Panicum Italicum; a vine or grape; = {kAkolI}) L.
rasaH = sense of enjoyment
ras'anaa *= f. (prob. connected with %{razmi} and %{rAzi} and derived from a lost %
{raz}) a rope, cord, strap [869,2]; rein, bridle; girth, girdle, zone (esp. of woman) RV.
&c. &c. (also fig. applied to the fingers; cf. Naigh. ii, 5); a ray of light, beam
S3a1n3khBr.; the tongue (w.r. for %{rasanA}) L.; (ifc.) girt by, dependent on Hariv. BhP.
rasanaM = tongue
rasavarjaM = giving up the taste
rasaatmakaH = supplying the juice
rasaayanashaastram.h = chemistry
rasaala = mango
rasika * = mf(%{A})n. tasteful, elegant Bhartr2.; having a discriminating taste, aesthetic
Ka1v. Katha1s.; having a taste for or a sense of, fond of, devoted to, delighting in (loc. or
comp.) ib. Ra1jat. Sa1h.; sentimental W.; fanciful MW.; lustful ib.; m. a man full of taste

or feeling (cf. %{a-r-}); a libertine W.; Ardea Sibirica L.; a horse L.; an elephant L.;
unboiled juice of sugar-cane L.; (%{A}) f. see below.\\
rasikA *= f. an emotional wife (cf. comp.); the juice of sugar-cane, molasses L.; curds
with sugar and spice L.; chyle L.; the tongue L.; a woman's girdle L. (cf. %{razanA}).
rasyaaH = juicy
rata = engaged in* mfn. pleased, amused, gratified BhP.; delighting in, intent upon, fond
or enamoured of, devoted or attached or addicted or disposed to (loc. instr. or comp.)
S'Br. &c. &c.; (ifc.) having sexual intercourse with BhP.; loved, beloved MW.; ({A}) f. N.
of the mother of Day MBh.; n. pleasure, enjoyment, (esp.) enjoyment of love, sexual
union, copulation Kv. Var. &c.; the private parts L.
rataaH = engaged
rathh* = (cf. {raT}) cl. 1. P. {raThati}, to speak Dhtup. ix, 50.
ratha = chariot* = 1 m. (4. {R}) `" goer "', a chariot, car, esp. a two-wheeled war-chariot
(lighter and swifter than the {anas} q.v.), any vehicle or equipage or carriage (applied
also to the vehicles of the gods), waggon, cart RV. &c. &c. (ifc. f. {A}); a warrior, hero,
champion MBh. Kaths. BhP.; the body L.; a limb, member, part L.; Calamus Rotang L.;
Dalbergia Ougeinensis L.; = {pauruSa} L.; ({I}) f. a small carriage or waggon, cart S'is'.
\\ 2 m. ( {ram}) pleasure, joy, delight (cf. {mano-ratha}); affection, love (cf. ne
rati * = f. rest, repose VS. S'nkhGri.; pleasure, enjoyment, delight in, fondness for (loc.
or comp.; {ratim} with {Ap}, {labh}, {upa-labh}, {adhi-gam}, {vidkR} or {bandh} and
loc., `" to find pleasure in "') Up. Mn. MBh. &c.; the pleasure of love, sexual passion or

union, amorous enjoyment (often personified as one of the two wives of Kma-deva,
together with Prti q.v.) Mn. MBh. &c.; the pudenda L.; = {rati-gRha}, pleasure-house
VarBriS.; N. of the sixth Kala of the Moon Cat.; of an Apsaras MBh.; of the wife of Vibhu
(mother of Prithhu-shena) BhP.; of a magical incantation recited over weapons R.; of the
letter {n} Up.; of a metre Col.
ratii * =f. m. c. for {rati}, the goddess of love MBh. Hariv
ratna = precious stones
rathaM = the chariot
rathottamaM = the finest chariot
rathyaa = ?
raudra = the sentiment of violence, wrath, rage * = or %{raudra4} mf(%{A} or %{I})n.
(fr. %{rudra}) relating or belonging to or coming from Rudra or the Rudras, Rudra-like,
violent, impetuous, fierce, wild (%{am} ind.) RV. &c. &c.; bringing or betokening
misfortune, inauspicious R. Var.; m. a descendant of Rudra MBh.; a worshipper of
Rudra W.; (pl., or sg. with %{gaNa}) a class of evil spirits Hariv.; (scil. %{rasa}) the
sentiment of wrath or fury Sa1h. Prata1p.; N. of Yama L.; the cold season of the year,
winter L.; a partic. Ketu VarBr2S.; N. of the 54th year of the Jupiter cycle of 60 years ib.;
(pl.) N. of a people MBh.; (also n.) heat, warmth, sunshine L.; (also n. and %{I} f.) N. of
the Nakshatra A1rdra1 when under Rudra VarBr2S.; (%{I}) f. N. of Gauri1 L.; one of the
9 Samidhs Gr2ihya1s.; a partic. S3akti Hcat.; (in music.) a partic. S3ruti Sam2gi1t.; a
partic. Mu1rchana1 ib.; a species of creeper L.; N. of the Comms. on the Tattva-

cinta1man2i-di1dhiti and the Nya1ya-siddha7nta-mukta7vali1 by Rudra

Bhat2t2a7ca1rya; (with %{megha-mAlA} and %{zAnti}) of two older wks.; n. savageness,
fierceness, formidableness Katha1s. Sus3r.; N. of a Lin3ga Cat.; of various Sa1mans
A1rshBr.
raura (see rora)
raurava * = mf(%{I})n. (fr. %{ruru}) coming from or made of the skin of the deer called
Ruru Gr2S3rS. MBh. &c. ; fearful L. ; unsteady, dishonest L. ; m. N. of one of the hells
Mn. MBh. &c. (personified as husband of Vedana1 and father of Duh2kha Ma1rkP. ; with
Buddhists, one of the 8 hot hells Dharmas. 121) ; N. of the fifth Kalpa (q.v.) ; a savage,
monster W. ; n. the fruit of the Ruru tree g. %{plakSA7di} ; N. of various Sa1mans
A1rshBr.
rava* = roar, yell, cry, howl
ravi = a name of Sun; ravi m. (accord. to Un. iv, 138 Sch. fr. 1. {ru}) a partic. form of the
sun (sometimes regarded as one of the 12 dityas; hence {ravi} is also a N. of the number
`" twelve "') Var. Hariv. &c.; the sun (in general) or the sun-god, Mn. MBh. &c.; =
{ravidina}, Sunday Inscr.; Calotropis Gigantea L.; a mountain L.; N. of a Sauvraka
MBh.; of a son of Dhriita-rshthra ib.; of the author of a Comm. on the Kvya-praks'a
Cat.; of the author of the Horpraks'a ib.; the right canal for the passage of the vital air
(?) W.
raviH = the sun
ravivaara = Sunday

raya* = m. ( {rI}) the stream of a river, current MBh. Kv. &c. [868, 3]; quick motion,
speed, swiftness ({eNa} and {At} ind. quickly, immediately, straightway) Kv. Pur.;
course (cf. {saMvatsarar-}); impetuosity, vehemence, ardour, zeal, S'is. BhP.; N. of a son
of Pur-ravas BhP.; of another king Cat.
recaka= outbreathing* = exhaling btrbh}), clever, skilful, inventive, prudent (said of
Indra, Agni, and the dityas RV.; also of property or wealth RV. iv, 37, 5; viii, 93, 34; of
an arrow AV. i, 2, 3); ({us}) m. an artist, one who works in iron, a smith, builder (of
carriages &c.)N. of three semi-divine beings (Riibhu, Vja, and Vibhvan, the name of the
first being applied to all of them; thought by some to represent the three seasons of the
year [Ludwig RV. vol. iii, p. 187], and celebrated for their skill as artists; they are
supposed to dwell in the solar sphere, and are the artists who formed the horses of Indra,
the carriage of the As'vins, and the miraculous cow of Briihaspati; they made their
parents young, and performed other wonderful works [Sv-apas]; they are supposed to
take their ease and remain idle for twelve days [the twelve intercalary days of the winter
solstice] every year in the house of the Sun [Agohya]; after which they recommence
working; when the gods heard of their skill, they sent Agni to them with the one cup of
their rival Tvashthrii, the artificer of the gods, bidding the Riibhus construct four cups
from it; when they had successfully executed this task, the gods received the Riibhus
amongst themselves and allowed them to partake of their sacrifices &c.; cf. Kaegi RV. p.
53 f.) RV. AV. &c.; they appear generally as accompanying Indra, especially at the
evening sacrifice; in later mythology Riibhu is a son of Brahman VP.; a deity L.; ({avas})
m. a class of deities; [cf. Gk. $; Lat. {labor}; Goth. &70848[226, 2] {arb-aiths}; Angl.
Sax. $; Slav. {rab-u8}.]
rekhaa = line

reta = semen
reta* = {retas}, semen virile L
retas * = n. ( %{ri}, %{rI}) a flow, stream, current, flow of rain or water, libation RV.
AV. ; flow of semen, seminal fluid, sperm, seed RV. &c. &c. (%{retaH-sic} or %{ni-sic} or
%{A-dhA} with loc., `" to discharge semen into "', intpregnate ; %{reto-dhA} A., to
conceive ; %{retaso@'nte}, after the discharge of ssemen) ; offspring, progeny,
descendants TS. S3Br. ; quicksilver (regirded as S3iva's semen) L. ; water L. ; sin (?)
Sa1y. on RV. iv, 3, 7.
retasa* (ifc.) = {retas} (cf. {agni-} and {kapota-r-}).
revati = Twenty-seventh nakshatra
ri * = 3 (for %{RSabha}), the second note of the Hindu1 gamut.
rii * = 1 or %{ri} (cf. %{li}) cl. 9. P. (Dha1tup. xxxi, 30) %{riNA4ti} cl. 4. P. (Dha1tup.
xxvi, 29) %{rI4yate} (%{riNIte} RV. Br. Gr2S3rS.; %{riyati} Dha1tup. xxviii, 111; impf. %
{ariNvan} MaitrS.; Gr.pf. %{rirAya}, %{rirye}; aor. %{araiSIt}, %{areSTa}; fut. %{retA};
%{reSyati}, %{-te}; inf. %{retum}), to release, set free, let go RV.; to sever, detach from
(abl.) ib.; to yield, bestow AV.; (A1.) to be shattered or dissolved, melt, become fluid,
drop, flow RV.: Caus. %{repayati} (aor. %{arIripat}) Gr.: Desid. %{rirISati}, %{-te} ib.:
Intens, %{rerIyate}, %{rerayIti} ib.
richaH = the Rig Veda
rica* = ifc. = 2. {R4c}, verse, sacred verse (cf. {tryRca}, &c.); m. N. of a king VP.

richchhati = one attains

riddhi* f. increase, growth, prosperity, success, good fortune, wealth, abundance VS. TS.
S'Br. s'vGri. &c. (personified as Kuvera's wife MBh. Hariv.); accomplishment,
perfection, supernatural power BhP. Lalit. &c.; magic; a kind of medicinal plant Bhpr.
Car.; N. of Prvat L.; of Lakshm L.
ridh (Rdh] *= cl. 6. 2. 4. 5. 7. P. (Pot. 1. pl. %{Rdhema} AV. ; Subj. 3. sg. %{Rdhat} RV.
; pres. p. %{Rdha4t} ; cf. %{Rdha4d} below) %{Rdhyati} ; %{Rdhnoti} ; %{RNaddhi} ; %
{Anardha} , %{ardhitA} , %{ardhiSyati} , &c. , to grow , increase , prosper , succeed RV.
AV. S3Br. MBh. Mn. &c. ; to cause to increase or prosper , promote , make prosperous ,
accomplish RV. AV. VS. S3Br.: Pass. %{Rdhyate} , to be promoted , increase , prosper ,
succeed S3Br. Br2A1rUp.: Caus. %{ardhayati} , to satisfy AV. vii , 80 , 4 Nir.: Desid. %
{ardidhiSati} or %{Irtsati} ; [cf. %{rAdh} and %{vRdh}.]
riitaM = truth
riitiH = procedure/practice/custom
rijuH = (adj) straight
Rjubuddhi * = or mfn. of honest mind, sincere R. Dhu1rtas.
riNa = debt
rishabha *= m. (fr. 2. %{RS} Un2. ii , 123) , a bull (as impregnating the flock ; cf. %
{vRSabha} and %{ukSan}) RV. AV. VS. ChUp. BhP. &c. ; any male animal in general
S3Br. ; the best or most excellent of any kind or race (cf. %{puruSarSabha} , &c.) MBh.

R. &c. ; the second of the seven notes of the Hindu1 gamut (abbreviated into R2i) ; a kind
of medicinal plant Sus3r. Bhpr. ; a particular antidote Sus3r. ii , 276 , 7 ; a particular
Eka7ha (q.v.) Ka1tyS3r. ; the fifteenth Kalpa ; N. of several men ; of an ape ; of a Na1ga ;
of a mountain ; of a Ti1rtha ; (%{As}) m. pl. the inhabitants of Kraun5ca-dvi1pa BhP. v ,
20 , 22 ; N. of a people VarBr2S. ; (%{I}) f. a woman with masculine peculiarities (as
with a beard &c.) L. ; a widow L. ; Carpopogon Pruriens Car. ; another plant L. ; [cf. Zd.
{arSan} ; Gk. $.]
rishthi *= f. a spear, lance, sword RV. AV. iv, 37, 8 ; 9 ; viii, 3, 7 ; [cf. O. Pers. {arstis} ;
Zd. {arsti}.]
rit *= mfn. ( %{ri}, %{rI}) running, flowing RV. vi, 37, 4 (Sa1y. = %{gantR}).
ritaM = truth
rita * =mf(%{A})n. met with, afflicted by (with instr.) TS. v; proper, right, fit, apt,
suitable, able, brave, honest RV. VS. xvii, 82; true MBh. BhP. Mn. viii, 82; 87 Bhag. &c.;
worshipped, respected L.; enlightened, luminous L.; m. N. of a Rudra MBh.; of a son of
Manu Ca1kshusha BhP. iv, 13, 16; of a son of Vijaya VP.; (%{am}) n. fixed or settled
order, law, rule (esp. in religion); sacred or pious action or custom, divine law, faith,
divine truth (these meanings are given by BRD. and are generally more to be accepted
than those of native authorities and marked L. below) RV. AV. VS. S3Br. &c. [223,3];
truth in general, righteousness, right RV. AV. MBh. Mn. viii, 61; 104 Pan5cat. &c.;
figuratively said of gleaning (as the right means of a Bra1hman's obtaining a livelihood as
opposed to agriculture, which is %{anRta}) Mn. iv, 4 ff.; promise, oath, vow
Ta1n2d2yaBr. La1t2y.; truth personified (as an object of worship, and hence enumerated
among the sacred objects in the Nir.); water L.; sacrifice L.; a particular sacrifice L.; the

sun L.; wealth L.; (%{a4m}) ind. right, duly, properly, expressly, very RV. BhP.; (%
{Rtam} %{i}, to go the right way, be pious or virtuous RV.); (%{e4na}) ind. right, duly,
properly, regularly, lawfully, according to usage or right RV. AV.; truly, sincerely, indeed
RV. MBh. i.
rita * = %{Rti}, %{Rtu} see p. 223, col. 2 - p. 224, col. 1.
ritu = season
rituunaaM = of all seasons
rite = without, except for
riddha * = mfn. increased, thriving, prosperous, abundant, wealthy Kum. Ragh.
Katha1s. &c. ; filled with (voices), made to resound ; (%{am}) n. stored grain L. ; a
demonstrated conclusion, distinct result L. [226,2]
riddhaM = prosperous
riddham.h = enriched
riddhi * = f. increase, growth, prosperity, success, good fortune, wealth, abundance VS.
TS. S3Br. A1s3vGr2. &c. (personified as Kuvera's wife MBh. Hariv.) ; accomplishment,
perfection, supernatural power BhP. Lalit. &c. ; magic ; a kind of medicinal plant Bhpr.
Car. ; N. of Pa1rvati1 L. ; of Lakshmi1 L.
Rigveda *= m. Hymn-Veda "' or `" Veda of praise "' , the R2ig-veda , or most ancient
sacred book of the Hindu1s (that is , the collective body of sacred verses called R2icas

[see below] , consisting of 1017 hymns [or with the Va1lakhilyas 1028] arranged in eight
Asht2akas or in ten Man2d2alas ; Man2d2alas 2-8 contain groups of hymns , each group
ascribed to one author or to the members of one family ; the ninth book contains the
hymns sung at the Soma ceremonies ; the first and tenth contain hymns of a different
character , some comparatively modern , composed by a greater variety of individual
authors ; in its wider sense the term R2ig-veda comprehends the Bra1hman2as and the
Su1tra works on the ritual connected with the hymns) AitBr. S3Br. Mn. &c. ; %{prAtizAkhya} n. the Pra1tis3a1khya of the R2ig-veda ; %{-bhASya} n. N. of treatises and
commentaries on the R2ig-veda ; %{-vid} mfn. knowing the R2ig-veda ; %{-saMhitA} f.
the continuous text of the R2ig-veda arranged according to the Sam2hita1-pa1t2ha q.v. ;
%{-dA7nukramaNikA} f. the Anukraman2ika1 or index of the R2ig-veda.
rik.h = the Rg Veda
rikshaa * = f. a nit (= {likSA}) L.; a mote in a sunbeam W. \\ V: the excact time
riksha (RkSa)* =1 mfn. (etym. doubtful) bald, bare TS. MaitrS.\\= 2 mfn. (2. %{RS}
Un2. iii, 66; 67; probably fr. %{Rz}), hurting, pernicious RV. viii, 24, 27; m. a bear (as a
ravenous beast) RV. v, 56, 3 VS. xxiv, 36 Mn. Sus3r. &c.; a species of ape Katha1s.;
Bignonia Indica L.; N. of several men RV. viii, 68, 15 MBh. &c.; of a mountain VP. MBh.;
(ifc.) the best or most excellent L.; (%{As}) m. pl. the seven stars, the Pleiades, the seven
R2ishis RV. i, 24, 10 S3Br. ii TA1r.; (%{A}) f. N. of a wife of Ajami1d2ha MBh. i; of a
woman in the retinue of Skanda MBh. ix; (%{I}) f. a female bear MBh. R. Katha1s.; m.
and (%{am}) n. a star, constellation, lunar mansion Mn. MBh. R. &c.; (%{am}) n. the
twelfth part of the ecliptic; the particular star under which a person happens to be born
VarBr2S. Su1ryas. &c.; [cf. Gk. $; Lat. {ursus}; Lith. {loky-s} for &70306[224,3]
{olkys}.]\\ = 3 mfn. cut, pierced L.

ringati = to crawl
rip * = 1 (cf. %{lip} ; only pf. %{riripu4H}), to smear, adhere to (loc.) RV. (cf. %
{ripta4}) ; to deceive, cheat ib.\\ 2 f. injury, fraud, deceit RV. ; an injurer, deceiver,
enemy ib. ; the earth (?) RV. iii, 5, 5 ; x, 79, 3 (Sa1y. ; cf. Naigh. i, 1).
riph * = cl. 6. P. (Dha1tup. xxviii , 23) %{riphati} (p. %{-rephat} S3a1n3khBr. ; pf. %
{rirepha} &c. Gr. ; ind. p. %{rephitvA} Pa1n2. 1-2 , 23 Sch.) , to snarl AV. ; (only L.) to
speak or boast (%{kathane} or %{katthane}) ; to blame ; to fight ; to give ; to hurt , kill
(cf. %{rimph}): Pass. %{riphyate} , to be murmured or spoken in a guttural or burring
manner (like the letter %{r}) ; to have or take the pronunciation of the letter %{r}
A1s3vS3r. (cf. %{repha}).
ripavaH = enemies
ripu = Enemy
ripuH = enemy
rishi* = m. (2. {RS} Comm. on Un. iv, 119; {RSati jJAnena saMsAra-pAram} T.; perhaps
fr. an obsolete {RS} for {dRz}, `" to see ? "' cf. {RSi-kRt}), a singer of sacred hymns, an
inspired poet or sage, any person who alone or with others invokes the deities in
rhythmical speech or song of a sacred character (e.g. the ancient hymn-singers Kutsa,
Atri, Rebha, Agastya, Kus'ika, Vasishthha, Vy-as'va) RV. AV. VS. &c.; the Riishis were
regarded by later generations as patriarchal sages or saints, occupying the same position
in India history as the heroes and patriarchs of other countries, and constitute a peculiar
class of beings in the early mythical system, as distinct from gods, men, Asuras, &c. AV.

x, 10, 26 S'Br. AitBr. KtySr. Mn. &c.; they are the authors or rather seers of the Vedic
hymns i.e. according to orthodox Hind ideas they are the inspired personages to whom
these hymns were revealed, and such an expression as `" the Riishi says "' is equivalent
to `" so it stands in the sacred text "' [227,1]; seven Riishis, {sapta RSayaH}, or
{saptaRSayaH} or {saptarSayaH}, are often mentioned in the Brhmanas and later
works as typical representatives of the character and spirit of the pre-historic or mythical
period; in S'Br. xiv, 5, 2, 6 their names are given as follows, Gotama, Bharadvja, Vis'vmitra, Jamadagni, Vasishthha, Kas'yapa, and Atri; in MBh. xii, Marci, Atri, Angiras,
Pulaha, Kratu, Pulastya, Vasishthha are given as the names of the Riishis of the first
Manvantara, and they are also called Prajpatis or patriarchs; the names of the Riishis of
the subsequent Manv-antaras are enumerated in Hariv. 417 ff.; afterwards three other
names are added, viz. Pracetas or Daksha, Bhriigu, and Nrada, these ten being created
by Manu Svyambhuva for the production of all other beings including gods and men
s'vS'r. MBh. VP. &c.; in astron. the seven Riishis form the constellation of `" the Great
Bear RV. x, 82, 2 AV. vi, 40, 1 S'Br. s'vGri. MBh. &c.; (metaphorically the seven Riishis
may stand for the seven senses or the seven vital airs of the body VS. xxxiv S'Br. xiv
KtyS'r.); a saint or sanctified sage in general, an ascetic, anchorite (this is a later sense;
sometimes three orders of these are enumerated, viz. Devarshis, Brahmarshis, and
Rjarshis; sometimes seven, four others being added, viz. Maharshis, Paramarshis,
S'rutarshis, and Kndarshis) Mn. iv, 94; xi, 236 S'ak. Ragh. &c.; the seventh of the eight
degrees of Brhmans Hcat.; a hymn or Mantra composed by a Riishi; the Veda Comm.
on MBh. and Pat.; a symbolical expression for the number seven; the moon; an
imaginary circle; a ray of light L.; the fish Cyprinus Rishi L.; [cf. Hib. {arsan}, `" a sage,
a man old in wisdom "'; {arrach}, `" old, ancient, aged. "'],
rishhayaH = those who are active within

rishhiH = the sage

rishhin.h = great sages
rishhibhiH = by the wise sages
rishtha *= 1 mfn. (for 2. see below) torn off, broken, injured RV. AV.// 2 riSTa 2
mfn. hurt, injured wounded (cf. %{a4riSTa} and 1. %{riSTa}); failed, miscarried S3Br.;
m. a sword L. (cf. %{riSTi}); Sapindus Detergens L. (cf. %{a-riSTa}); N. of a Daitya
Hariv.; of a king MBh.; of a son of Manu Ma1rkP. [881,2]; (%{A}) f. N. of the mother of
the Apsarases ib. (prob. w.r. for %{a-riSTA}); n. misfortune, calamity VarBr2S. Sch.; a
bad omen Sus3r.; good luck, fortune L.
rishu *= m. . (2. %{RS} ?) , glow , flame (?) BRD. ; (according to Sa1y. , moving
constantly ; approaching ; great ; mighty ; knowing ; a R2ishi) RV.
rita: real, true, not false,
rita *= {A})n. met with, afflicted by (with instr.) TS. v; proper, right, fit, apt, suitable,
able, brave, honest RV. VS. xvii, 82; true MBh. BhP. Mn. viii, 82; 87 Bhag. &c.;
worshipped, respected L.; enlightened, luminous L.; m. N. of a Rudra MBh.; of a son of
Manu Ckshusha BhP. iv, 13, 16; of a son of Vijaya VP.; ({am}) n. fixed or settled order,
law, rule (esp. in religion); sacred or pious action or custom, divine law, faith, divine
truth (these meanings are given by BRD. and are generally more to be accepted than
those of native authorities and marked L. below) RV. AV. VS. S'Br. &c. [223, 3]; truth in
general, righteousness, right RV. AV. MBh. Mn. viii, 61; 104 Pacat. &c.; figuratively said
of gleaning (as the right means of a Brhmas obtaining a livelihood as opposed to

agriculture, which is {anRta}) Mn. iv, 4 ff.; promise, oath, vow TndyaBr. Lthy.; truth
personified (as an object of worship, and hence enumerated among the sacred objects in
the Nir.); water L.; sacrifice L.; a particular sacrifice L.; the sun L.; wealth L.; ({a4m})
ind. right, duly, properly, expressly, very RV. BhP.; ({Rtam} {i}, to go the right way, be
pious or virtuous RV.); ({e4na}) ind. right, duly, properly, regularly, lawfully, according
to usage or right RV. AV.; truly, sincerely, indeed RV. MBh. i.
ritasatya* = {e} n. du. right and truth S'Br. xi.
ritasad* = mfn. seated or dwelling in truth [BRD.] RV. iv, 40, 5 TS. iii; (seated at
sacrifice Sy.)
ritasap* = (in strong forms {-sA4p}) mfn. connected with or performing worship or
pious works (as men), connected with or accepting worship or religious acts (as gods)
RV.
ritasaata* = mfn. filled with truth or righteousness AV. xviii, 2, 15.
ritasaaman* = n. N. of a Sman rshBr.
ritasadanii* = f. the right or proper seat VS. iv, 36.
ritasap* = (in strong forms {-sA4p}) mfn. connected with or performing worship or
pious works (as men), connected with or accepting worship or religious acts (as gods)
RV.
ritaashah* = {SAT} mfn. maintaining the sacred law VS. xviii, 38 TS. iii, 4, 7 mfn. seated
or dwelling in truth [BRD.] RV. iv, 40, 5 TS. iii; (seated at sacrifice Sy.)

ritasena* = m. N. of a Gandharva BhP.

ritastubh* = m. `" praising properly or duly "'N. of a Riishi RV. i, 112, 20.
ritasthA* = mfn. standing right AV. iv, 1, 4.
ritaspati* = (voc. {Rtaspate}) m. lord of pious works (as sacrifice &c. [224, 1]; N. of
Vyu) RV. viii, 26, 21.
ritaspris'* = mfn. connected with pious works or worship RV. v, 67, 4 (N. of the dityas);
i, 2, 80; iv, 50, 3 (N. of Mitra-varuna); (touching water Sy.)
ritASah* = {SAT} mfn. maintaining the sacred law VS. xviii, 38 TS. iii, 4, 7
ritu * = m. (Un2. i, 72) any settled point of time, fixed time, time appointed for any
action (esp. for sacrifices and other regular worship), right or fit time RV. AV. VS.; an
epoch, period (esp. a division or part of the year), season (the number of the divisions of
the year is in ancient times, three, five, six, seven, twelve, thirteen, and twenty-four; in
later time six seasons are enumerated, viz. Vasanta, `" spring "'; Gri1shma, `" the hot
season "'; Varsha1s (f. nom. pl.), `" the rainy season "' S3arad, `" autumn "'; Hemanta,
`" winter "'; and S3is3ira, `" the cool season "'; the seasons are not unfrequently
personified, addressed in Mantras, and worshipped by libations) RV. AV. VS. &c. MBh.
Mn. &c.; symbolical expression for the number six VarBr2S. Su1ryas. &c.; the menstrual
discharge (in women), the time after the courses (favourable for procreation; according
to Bhpr. sixteen days after their appearance) Sus3r. MBh. Mn. &c.; sexual union at the
above time Mn. ix, 93 MBh.; fixed order, order, rule [BRD.] RV. i, 162, 19; light,
splendour L.; a particular mineral L.; N. of a R2ishi; of the twelfth Manu.

rohiNii * = f. (f. of {rohita}, `" red "', below; also f. of {rohin} above) a red cow or [later]
any cow (represented as a daughter of Surabhi and mother of cattle, esp. of Kmadhenu, `" cow of plenty "'; in the Veda, Rohin may perhaps also mean `" a red mare "')
RV. &c. &c.; N. of the ninth Nakshatra or lunar asterism and of the lunar day belonging
to it (in this sense it may optionally have the accent on the last syllable; it is personified as
a daughter of Daksha, and as the favourite wife of the Moon, called `" the Red one "'
from the colour of the star Aldebaran or principal star in the constellation which contains
5 stars, prob. $, $, $, $, $, Tauri, and is figured by a wheeled vehicle or sometimes by a
temple or fish; it is exceptionally pl., and in TS. and TBr. there are 2 Nakshatras of this
name; it may also be used as an adj. and mean `" born under the Nakshatra Rohin "'
Pn. 4-3, 34 Vrtt. 1); lightning L.; a young girl (in whom menstruation has just
commenced; others `" a girl nine years of age "') Griihys. Pacat.; N. of various plants
Sus'r. Bhpr. (= Helleborus Niger; Acacia Arabica; Gmelina Arborea &c. L.);
inflammation of the throat (of various kinds) Sus'r.; (in music) a partic. S'ruti Sangt.; a
partic. Mrchan ib.; a kind of steel L.; N. of two wives of Vasudeva and the mother of
Bala-rma MBh. Pur.; of a wife of Kriishna Hariv.; of the wife of Mah-deva Pur.; of a
daughter of Hiranya-kas'ipu MBh.; of one of the 16 Vidy-devs L.; of a river VP.
roga = disease
rogii = patient, ill or sick person
rocate = (1 ap) to like
rocanam V*= pleasing. inducement, enticement
rocana* = mf({I} or {A})n. bright, shining, radiant AV. Br. GriS. MBh. Hariv.; giving

pleasure or satisfaction, pleasant, charming, lovely Bhathth. BhP.; sharpening or

stimulating the appetite, stomachic Sus'r. [889,1]; m. N. of various plants (Andersonia
Rohitika; Alangium Hexapetalum; the pomegranate tree &c.) L.; apartic. yellow pigment
(v.l. for {rocanA}) MBh. (C.); a stomachic W.; N. of a demon presiding over a partic.
disease Hariv.; of one of the 5 arrows of the god of love (`" exciter "') Cat.; of a son of
Vishnu by Dakshin BhP.; of Indra under Manu Svrocisha ib.; of one of the Vis've
Devh VP.; of a mountain MrkP.; ({A4}) and ({I}) f. see below; n. light, brightness,
(esp.) the bright sky, firmament, luminous sphere (of which there are said to be three; cf.
under {rajas}) RV. AV. Br. (in this sense sometimes {A}, f.); pl. lights, stars AV.; (ifc.) the
causing a desire for BhP.; ({ruci-ruce r-}) N. of a Sman rshBr.
rocanaa* =1 f. the bright sky or luminous sphere (= {rocana}, m.) AV. TBr.; a partic.
yellow pigment (commonly called {go-rocanA}) Mn. Yj. MBh. Sus'r.; a handsome
woman L.; a red lotusflower L.; bamboo manna or Tabshr L.; dark S'lmali L.; N. of a
wife of Vasu-deva BhP.; of a Sura7ngan Sinha7s.
roci m* = f. light, a beam, ray Hariv. Ma1rkP.
rocis* =n. light, lustre, brightness RV. &c. &c.; grace, loveliness BhP.
rociSa* =m. (fr. %{rocis}) N. of a son of Vibha1vasu by Ushas BhP.
rociSmat* =mfn. (fr. %{rocis} + %{mat}) possessing or giving light Hariv.; m. N. of a son
of Manu Sva1rocisha BhP.
rociSNu* =mfn. shining, bright, brilliant, splendid, gay VS. &c. &c.; giving an appetite,
stomachic Sus3r.

rociSNumukha* =mfn. having a bright countenance MW.

rocanaa * = 2 ind. (in {rocanA-kR} ind. p. {-kRtvA} or {-kRtya}) g. {sAkSAd-Adi
rodas * = n. du. (prob. connected with %{rudra} ; cf. %{rodasI4}) heaven and earth
(only ibc. and in gen. %{ro4dasoH} RV. ix , 22 , 5) ; the earth (see %{svarga-rodaHkuhara}).
rodasii * = see p. 889 , cols. 1 , 2. \\ f. (du. , once sg.) heaven and earth RV. &c. &c. ;
(sg.) N. of lightning as wife of Rudra and companion of the Maruts (also %{rodasI4} RV.
; the earth R. Hcat.
rodasipraa * = mfn. (for %{-sI-prA4}) filling heaven and earth RV.
rodastva * = n. a word used to explain %{rodasI} TBr.
roditi = to cry
rodhaka* = mfn. stopping, holding back, restraining, shutting up, besieging, blockading
Kv.
rodhas* = n. a bank, embankment, dam, mound, wall, shore RV. &c. &c.; a mountain
slope R. Hariv.; the steep wall or bank (of a cloud) Kaths.; the brink (of a well) BhP.; the
flank, side, a womas hips BhP. (cf. {taTa}).
rodhasvat* = ({ro4dhas-}) mfn. having high banks RV.; ({atI}) f. N. of a river BhP.
rodhana* = 1 see 2. {ava-} {ud-}, {-pra-r-}.

rodhana* = 2 mf({I})n. (for 1. see above, col. 1) obstructing, impeding, being an obstacle
or hindrance W.; m. the planet Mercury L.; ({A}) f. a dam, bank, wall (= {rodhas}) RV.
ii, 13, 10; ({ro4-}) n. shutting up, confinement RV. BhP.; stopping, restraining, checking,
preventing, impeding Kv. Pur.
rodha* = (ifc.) sprouting, growing &c. (cf. 2. {ava-rodha} and {nyag-r-}); m. growing,
ascending, moving upwards (cf. next).
rodha* = 2 m. (for 1. see above, col. 1) the act of stopping, checking, obstructing,
impeding; suppressing, preventing, confining, surrounding, investing, besieging,
blockading MBh. Kv. &c.; obstruction of the bowels, costiveness Car.; attacking, making
war upon (gen.) R.; a dam, bank, shore Rjat. Sus'r. (cf. {rodhas}); an arrow L.; a partic.
hell VP.; N. of a man g. {zivA7di}.
rodha* = 1 {rodhana}. see p. 884, col. 1.
rodha* = 2 {rodhaka} &c. see p. 884, col. 2.
romaharshhaH = standing of hair on end
romaharshhaNaM = making the hair stand on end
rohaNa * = m. N. of a mountain (Adam's Peak in Ceylon) Ra1jat. [890,2] ; (%{I}) f. a
medicine for healing or cicatrizing AV. ; n. a means of ascending RV. ; the act of
mounting or ascending or riding or sitting or standing on (comp.) Ya1jn5. ; the putting or
fastening on (of a bowstring) Cat. ; the growing over, healing (of a wound ; cf. %{kSata-r}) MBh. ; the proceeding from, consisting of Va1s. Sa1h. ; semen virile L.

rohanta * = m. a partic. tree (others `" any tree "') L. ; (%{I}) f. a partic. creeper (others
`" any creeper "') L.
rohati = (1 pp) to grow
rohiNii = Fourth nakshatra
rora (raura) *= 1 m. a partic. part of the body MaitrS. (du.) VS. (= %{aMsa-granthi},
Mahidh.)\\2 or %{raura} m. a worker, labourer (?) HParis3.
roravaNa *= &c. see s.v.\\ n. (fr. Intens. of 1. %{ru}) a loud roaring or bellowing Nir.
ru = light
ruchiH = taste; flavour
rucira *= mf(%{A}) n. bright , brilliant , radiant , splendid , beautiful MBh. Ka1v. &c. ;
pleasant , charming , agreeable to , liked by (gen. or comp.) ib. ; sweet , dainty , nice L. ;
stomachic , cordial , S3srn3gS. ; m. N. of a son of Sena-jit Hariv. ; (%{A}) f. a. kind of
pigment (= %{go-rocanA}) L. ; N. of a woman (see col. 3) ; of two metres Col. ; of a river
R. ; n. (only.) saffron (prob. w.r. for %{rudhira}) , a radish ; cloves (prob. w.r. for %
{suSira}).
ruciraa *= f. (of %{-ra}) N. of a woman.
rud.h = to cry
rudatha* = m. (only L.) a child, pupil, scholar; a dog; a cock.

rudana* = n. the act of crying, weeping, lamentation Hariv.

rudantikA* = and f. `" weeper "'N. of a species of small succulent plant (= {amRtasravA}) L.
rudantI* = f. `" weeper "'N. of a species of small succulent plant (= {amRta-sravA}) L.
rudita* = mfn. wept, lamented MBh. Kv. &c. weeping, crying, lamenting ib.; wet with
tears MBh.; n. weeping, crying, lamentation Kv. VarBriS. Kaths. &c.
ruddha * = mfn. obstructed, checked, stopped, suppressed, kept back, withheld RV. &c.
&c.; shut, closed, covered MBh. Ka1v. &c.; invested, besieged, blockaded R. Pan5cat.;
secured, held, taken possession of Ka1v. BhP.; obstructed in its effect, ineffectual (as a
spell) Sarvad.; (%{A}) f. a siege W.; (prob.) n. N. of a town Cat.
rudh * = 1 (cf. 1. %{ruh} , of which this seems to be only another form) cl. 1. P. %
{ro4dhati} , to sprout , shoot , grow (only %{ro4dhati} RV. viii , 43 , 6 ; and %{viro4dhat}
, i , 67 , 9 ; accord. to some also p. %{rudhat} , i , 179 , 4 , in %
{nada4sya@rudhata4H@kA4maH} , `" the desire of the growing reed "' i.e. of the
membrum virile ; others , `" of the husband who keeps me away "' , fr. 2. %{rudh} ; cf.
also %{nada}).
\\ 2 cl. 7. P. A1. (Dha1tup. xxix , 1) %{ruNa4ddhi} , %{runddhe4} (1. pl. %{-rudhmas}
AV. ; %{rundhati} , %{-te} Br. &c. ; %{rodhati} MBh. pf. %{rurodha} , %{rurudhe} RV.
&c. &c. ; %{rurundhatuH} MBh. ; aor. %{araut} AV. ; %{arautsIt} Br. &c. ; %{rotsIs}
Up. ; %{arutsi} , %{aruddha} Br. Up. ; %{arautsi} AitBr. ; %{arodham} RV. ; %
{arudhma} MaitrS. ; p. %{rudha4t} cf. 1. %{rudh} ; %{arudhat} RV. &c. &c. ; Prec. %
{rudhyAt} Ka1v. ; fut. %{roddhA} Gr. ; %{rotsyati} , %{-te} Br. &c. inf. %{roddhum} or %

{rodhitum} MBh. ; %{roddhos} Br. ; ind. p. %{ruddhvA} MBh.&c. ; %{-ru4dhya} RV. &c.
&c. ; %{-rundhya} MBh. ; %{-ru4dham} AV. Br. ; %{-ru4ndham} Br. ; %{-ro7dham} ib.)
, to obstruct , check , arrest , stop , restrain , prevent , keep back , withhold RV. (always
with %{na}) , &c. &c. ; to avert , keep off , repel Bhat2t2. (cf. %{rudhat} under 1. %
{rudh}) ; to shut , lock up , confine in (loc.) Mn. MBh. &c. (accord. to Vop. also with
double acc.) ; to besiege , blockade , invest Pat. MBh. &c. ; to close , block up (a path) R. ;
to cover , conceal , veil , obscure MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; to stop up , fill ib. ; to lay (dust) Ragh. ;
to touch , move (the heart) Ba1lar. ; to torment , harass R. ; to lose , be deprived of (acc.)
TS. S3Br. ; to tear , rend asunder (?) AV. xix , 29 , 3: Caus. %{rodhayati} (ep. also %{-te}
and %{rundhayati} [884,2] ; aor. %{arUrudhat} ; Pass. %{rodhyate}) , to stop , arrest
MBh. ; to cause to be confined by (acc.) Pan5car. ; to cause to be besieged by (instr.)
Ragh. ; to close (with a cover or lid) Bhpr. ; to fetter , enchain , influence BhP. ; to
oppress , torment , harass MBh. R.: Desid. %{rorutsate} (Br.) , %{-ti} (MBh.) , to wish to
obstruct &c.: Intens. %{rorudhyate} , %{roroddhi} , to obstruct intensely or repeatedly
&c. Gr. (only %{rorudhaH} MBh.)
rud.hdhvaa = checking
rudra = a form of Shiva\\* = mfn. (prob.) crying, howling, roaring, dreadful, terrific,
terrible, horrible (applied to the As'vins, Agni, Indra, Mitra, Varuna, and the {spa4zaH})
RV. AV. (accord. to others `" red, shining, glittering "', fr. a {rud} or {rudh} connected
with {rudhira}; others `" strong, having or bestowing strength or power "', fr. a {rud} =
{vRd}, {vRdh}; native authorities give also the following meanings, `" driving away evil
"'; `" running about and roaring "', fr. {ru} + {dra} = 2. {dru}; `" praiseworthy, to be
praised "'; `" a praiser, worshipper "' = {stotR} Naigh. iii, 16); m. `" Roarer or Howler
"'N. of the god of tempests and father and ruler of the Rudras and Maruts (in the Veda he
is closely connected with Indra and still more with Agni, the god of fire, which, as a

destroying agent, rages and crackles like the roaring storm, and also with Kla or Time
the all-consumer, with whom he is afterwards identified; though generally represented as
a destroying deity, whose terrible shafts bring death or disease on men and cattle, he has
also the epithet {ziva}, `" benevolent "' or `" auspicious "', and is even supposed to
possess healing powers from his chasing away vapours and purifying the atmosphere; in
the later mythology the word {ziva}, which does not occur as a {name} in the Veda, was
employed, first as an euphemistic epithet and then as a real name for Rudra, who lost his
special connection with storms and developed into a form of the disintegrating and
reintegrating principle; while a new class of beings, described as eleven [or thirty-three]
in number, though still called Rudras, took the place of the original Rudras or Maruts: in
VP. i, 7, Rudra is said to have sprung from Brahm's forehead, and to have afterwards
separated himself into a figure half male and half female, the former portion separating
again into the 11 Rudras, hence these later Rudras are sometimes regarded as inferior
manifestations of S'iva, and most of their names, which are variously given in the
different Purnas, are also names of S'iva [883, 2]; those of the VyuP. are Ajai9kapad,
Ahir-budhnya, Hara, Nirriita, s'vara, Bhuvana, Angraka, Ardha-ketu, Mriityu, Sarpa,
Kaplin; accord. to others the Rudras are represented as children of Kas'yapa and
Surabhi or of Brahm and Surabhi or of Bhta and Su-rp; accord. to VP. i, 8, Rudra is
one of the 8 forms of S'iva; elsewhere he is reckoned among the Dik-plas as regent of
the north-east quarter) RV. &c. &c. (cf. RTL. 75 &c.); N. of the number `" eleven "' (from
the 11 Rudras) VarBriS.; the eleventh Cat.; (in astrol.) N. of the first Muhrta; (in music)
of a kind of stringed instrument (cf. {rudrI} and {rudra-vINA}); of the letter {e} Up.; of
various men Kaths. Rjat.; of various teachers and authors (also with {AcArya}, {kavi},
{bhaTTa}, {zarman}, {sUri} &c.) Cat.; of a king Buddh.; du. (incorrect acc. to Vm. v, 2,
1) Rudra and Rudrni (cf. also {bhavA-r-} and {somA-rudra}); pl. the Rudras or sons of
Rudra (sometimes identified with or distinguished from the Maruts who are 11 or 33 in
number) RV. &c. &c.; an abbreviated N. for the texts or hymns addressed to Rudra

GriS'rS. Gaut. Vas. (cf. {rudra-japa}); of a people (v.l. {puNDra}) VP.; ({A}) f. a species
of creeping plant L.; N. of a wife of Vasu-deva VyuP.; of a daughter of Raudrs'va (v.l.
{bhadrA}) VP.; pl. a hundred heatmaking suns "' rays L.; ({I}) f. a kind of lute or guitar
L. (cf. m. and {rudra-vINA}).
rudraaksha* = m. `" RRudra-eyed "', Elaeocarpus Ganitrus or its berry (used for
rosaries) W. (cf. RTL. 67, 82); a rosary (gender doubtful) Rjat.; N. of an Upanishad
(gender ddoubtful); {-kalpa} m. {-dhAraNa} n. {-parI7kSA} f. N. of wks.; {-mAlA}
(Hcar.) or {-mAlikA} (Kd.) f. a rosary; {-mAhAtmya} n. {-ya-varNana} n. N. of wks.; {valaya} m. or n. (?) a rosary Kd.; {-So7paniSad} (f. N. of an Upanishad.
rudraH = the Destroying God
rudraaNaaM = of all the Rudras
rudraan.h = the eleven forms of Rudra
rudh *= 1 (cf. 1. %{ruh}, of which this seems to be only another form) cl. 1. P. %
{ro4dhati}, to sprout, shoot, grow (only %{ro4dhati} RV. viii, 43, 6 ; and %{viro4dhat}, i,
67, 9 ; accord. to some also p. %{rudhat}, i, 179, 4, in %
{nada4sya@rudhata4H@kA4maH}, `" the desire of the growing reed "' i.e. of the \\2 cl.
7. P. A1. (Dha1tup. xxix, 1) %{ruNa4ddhi}, %{runddhe4} (1. pl. %{-rudhmas} AV. ; %
{rundhati}, %{-te} Br. &c. ; %{rodhati} MBh. pf. %{rurodha}, %{rurudhe} RV. &c. &c. ;
%{rurundhatuH} MBh. ; aor. %{araut} AV. ; %{arautsIt} Br. &c. ; %{rotsIs} Up. ; %
{arutsi}, %{aruddha} Br. Up. ; %{arautsi} AitBr. ; %{arodham} RV. ; %{arudhma}
MaitrS. ; p. %{rudha4t} cf. 1. %{rudh} ; %{arudhat} RV. &c. &c. ; Prec. %{rudhyAt}
Ka1v. ; fut. %{roddhA} Gr. ; %{rotsyati}, %{-te} Br. &c. inf. %{roddhum} or %

{rodhitum} MBh. ; %{roddhos} Br. ; ind. p. %{ruddhvA} MBh.&c. ; %{-ru4dhya} RV. &c.
&c. ; %{-rundhya} MBh. ; %{-ru4dham} AV. Br. ; %{-ru4ndham} Br. ; %{-ro7dham}
ib.), to obstruct, check, arrest, stop, restrain, prevent, keep back, withhold RV. (always
with %{na}), &c. &c. ; to avert, keep off, repel Bhat2t2. (cf. %{rudhat} under 1. %{rudh})
; to shut, lock up, confine in (loc.) Mn. MBh. &c. (accord. to Vop. also with double acc.) ;
to besiege, blockade, invest Pat. MBh. &c. ; to close, block up (a path) R. ; to cover,
conceal, veil, obscure MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; to stop up, fill ib. ; to lay (dust) Ragh. ; to touch,
move (the heart) Ba1lar. ; to torment, harass R. ; to lose, be deprived of (acc.) TS. S3Br. ;
to tear, rend asunder (?) AV. xix, 29, 3: Caus. %{rodhayati} (ep. also %{-te} and %
{rundhayati} [884,2] ; aor. %{arUrudhat} ; Pass. %{rodhyate}), to stop, arrest MBh. ; to
cause to be confined by (acc.) Pan5car. ; to cause to be besieged by (instr.) Ragh. ; to
close (with a cover or lid) Bhpr. ; to fetter, enchain, influence BhP. ; to oppress, torment,
harass MBh. R.: Desid. %{rorutsate} (Br.), %{-ti} (MBh.), to wish to obstruct &c.: Intens.
%{rorudhyate}, %{roroddhi}, to obstruct intensely or repeatedly &c. Gr. (only %
{rorudhaH} MBh.) \\ 3 (ifc.) impeding, holding (see %{kara-r-}). \\ prob. a root of this
form once existed with a meaning `" to be red. "'
rudh.h = to stop, control
rudhira = blood
ruja * = mf(%{A4})n. breaking , crushing , destroying RV. VS. (cf. %{valaM-r-}) ; m. of
doubtful meaning AV. xvi , 3 , 2 ; (%{A}) f. see below.
rujaa * = f. breaking , fracture Megh. ; pain , sickness , disease MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; Costus
Speciosus or Arabicus L. ; an ewe L.

rupaM = beauty
rundh * = see rudh
rup *= 1 (cf. %{lup}) cl. 4. P. (Dha1tup. xxvi , 125) %{ru4pyati} (pf. %{ruropa} aor. %
{arupat} &c. Gr.) , to suffer violent or racking pain (in the abdomen) TBr. Ka1t2h. ; to
violate , confound , disturb Dha1tup.: Caus. %{ropayati} (aor. %{arUrupat}) , to cause
acute or violent pain AV. ; to break off TBr. [Cf. Lat. {rumpere} ; Angl. Sax. {reo4fan} ;
Germ. {roubo7n} , {rauben} ; Eng. {reave}.]\\2 f. the earth RV. (Sa1y.)
rupita* = see {A4-ropita}.
rush* = 1 (cf. %{ruz}) cl. 1. 4. P. (Dha1tup., xvii, 42; xxvi, 120) %{roSati} or %{ruSyati}
(rarely %{-te}, and %{ruSati}, cf. %{ruSat}; Gr. also pf. %{ruroSa}; aor. %{aruSat} or %
{aroSIt}; fut. %{roSitA}, %{roSTA}; %{roSiSyati}; inf. %{roSitum} or %{roSTum}; ind.
p. %{ruSya} MBh.), to hurt, injure, kill (%{hiMsAyAm}) Dha1tup.; (cl. 1.) to be hurt or
offended by, take offence (acc.) RV. viii, 99, 4; to displease, be disagreeable to (gen.) ib.
viii, 4, 8 AitBr. iv, 10 (cf. %{ruSat} and 1. %{ruzat}); (cl. 4.) to be vexed or cross, be
angry with (gen.) MBh. R. &c.: Caus. (or cl. 10. Dha1tup. xxxii, 131) %{roSayati}, %{-te}
(aor. %{arUruSat}; Pass. %{roSyate}), to vex, annoy, displease, irritate, exasperate MBh.
Ka1v. &c.; to be furious or angry DivyA7v.: Desid. %{ruruSiSati}, %{ruroSiSati} Gr.:
Intens. %{roruSyate}, %{roroSTi} ib. [Cf. Gk. $ &c.] &268111[885,1]
rush* = 2 f. (nom. %{ruT} Siddh.) anger, westh, rage, fury, passion MBh. Ka1v. &c.
rushaa* = f. = 2. %{ruS} (mostly ifc.)
rus'at * = 1 mf(%{a4ntI} or %{atI})n. cropping, browsing on AV. iv, 21, 7 (RV. %

{riza4ntI}); hurting, injuring, mortifying, detestable, disagreeable AV. Kaus3. MBh. (v.l.
%{ruSat}) BhP.
10\\2 mf(%{atI})n. (cf. 1. %{ruc}) brilliant, shining, bright, white RV.
rukma * m. `" what is bright or radiant "', an ornament of gold, golden chain or disc RV.
AV. (here n.) VS. Br. S'rS.; Mesua Roxburghii L.; the thorn-apple L.; N. of a son of
Rucaka BhP.; n. gold L.; iron L.; a kind of collyrium L.
ruksha = dry
ruksha * =1 m. (prob.) a tree (cf. {vRkSa}) RV. vi, 3, 7.
ruksha * = 2 w.r. for {rUkSa} q.v.
rurutsaa * = f. (fr. Desid.) the wish to obstruct or check or prevent Harav.
rurutsaa * = %{-tsu} see p. 884 , col. 2.
rurutsu * = mfn. wishing to obstruct or oppose or keep back Naish. ; wishing to bind or
tie up (as the hair) W.
ruroda *V = cried SB 1.18.38, SB 6.14.59, SB 10.84.65 . cried loudly SB 3.4.35, SB
3.12.8, SB 4.28.15, cried severely
ruuDha *= mfn. mounted, risen, ascended AV. &c. &c. ; lifted up, imposed on, laden
(see %{-paricchada}) ; grown together, healed R. Sus3r. ; sprung up, grown, increased,
developed, produced from (comp.) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; budded, blown W. ; large, great
MW. ; high, noble (see %{-vaMza}) ; diffused, spread about, widely known, current,

notorious, famous Ka1v. Sa1h. ; traditional, conventional, popular (opp. to %{yaugika}

and said of words which have a meaning not directly connected with their etymology ;
esp. in pl. applied to names of warrior tribes, which also denote the country inhabited by
them) S3is3. Pa1n2. Sch. &c. ; acquainted or conversant with (loc.) Gan2it. ; certain,
ascertained W. ; obscure MW. ; m. a scar (also n. and %{A} f.) ; barley L.
ruuksha4 * = 1 mf({A})n. (prob. fr. {rUS}; cf. 2. {rukSa}) rough, dry, arid, dreary S'Br.
&c. &c.; emaciated, thin Sus'r.; rough to the taste, astringent MBh. Sus'r.; not greasy or
oily (as food or medicine) Kaths. Sus'r.; hard, harsh, unkind, cruel (as a person or
speech) MBh. Kv. &c.; unpleasant, disagreeable, not soft (to the sight, smell &c.) ib.;
dismal (as a house) Pacat.; soiled, smeared, dirtied R. Mudr.; having the smell of an
elephant in rut L.; m. hardness, harshness L.; the smell of the rut of an elephant L.; a
kind of grass (= {varaka}) L.; ({A}) f. Croton Polyandrum or Tiglium L.; n. a good kind of
iron L.; the thick part of curds L.
ruuksha * = 2 m. (prob. for Prkriit {rukkha} = {vRkSa}) a tree L.
ruusha * rUSa m. bitter and sour taste L.; mf({A})n. bitter and sour L. (cf. {rUkSa}).
rusaa * =f. = 2. {ruS} (mostly ifc.)
ruup *= (prob. Nom. fr. %{rUpa}) cl. 10. P. (Dha1tup. xxxv , 79) %{rUpayati} , to form ,
figure , represent (esp. on the stage) , exhibit by gesture , act , feign Hariv. Ka1v. BhP.
&c. ; to view , inspect , contemplate Kir. viii , 26 Pa1n2. 3-1 , 25 Sch. ; (A1. %{-yate}) to
show one's self , appear Vop.
ruupa = beautiful form *= n. (perhaps connected with %{varpa}, %{varpas} ; ifc. f. %

{A}, rarely %{I}) any outward appearance or phenomenon or colour (often pl.), form,
shape, figure RV. &c. &c. (%{rUpeNa} ifc. in the form of [886,1] ; %{rUpam-kR} or %
{bhU}, to assume a form ; often ifc. = `" having the form or appearance or colour of "',
`" formed or composed of "', `" consisting of "', `" like to "' ; sometimes used after an
adj. or p.p. to emphasize its meaning or almost redundantly cf. %{ghora-r-} ; or
connected with a verb e.g. %{pacati-rUpam}, he cooks very well cf. Pa1n2. 8-1, 57) ;
dreamy or phantom shapes (pl.) VS. S3Br. ; handsome form, loveliness, grace, beauty,
splendour RV. &c. &c. ; nature, character, peculiarity, feature, mark, sign, symptom VS.
&c. &c. ; likeness, image, reflection Mn. Katha1s. ; circumstances (opp. to `" time "' and
`" place "') Mn. viii, 45 ; sort, kind R. Sus3r. ; mode, manner, way Kap. ; (ifc.) trace of.
R. ; a single specimen or exemplar (and therefore a term for the number `" one "')
VarBr2S. Gan2it. ; a partic. coin (prob. a rupee) VarBr2S. ; a show, play, drama Das3ar.
; (in alg.) the arithmetical unit ; (pl.) integer number ; known or absolute number, a
known quantity as having specific form (and expressed by %{rU} i.e. first syllable of %
{rUpa}) IW. 182 ; (in gram.) any form of a noun or verb (as inflected by declension or
conjugation) Pa1n2. 1-1, 68 &c. ; (in phil.) the quality of colour (one of the 17 or 24
Gun2as of the Vais3eshikas) IW. 68 ; (with Buddhists) material form i.e. the organized
body (as one of the 5 constituent elements or Skandhas) Dharmas. 22 MWB. 109 ; (in
dram.) a reflection or remark made under partic. circumstances when the action is at its
height (%{garbhe}) Bhar. Das3ar. &c. ; (only L.) cattle ; a beast ; a sound, word ;
rereading a book (= %{granthA7vRtti}) ; m. a word of unknown meaning AV. xviii, 3, 40
; (pl.) N. of a people MBh. ; m. or n. N. of a place (v.l. %{rUma}) Cat. ; (%{A}) f. N. of a
river VP.
ruupaM = beaut
ruupamaishvaraM = universal form

ruupasa.npannau = (two)persons endowed with beautiful appearance

ruupasya = form
ruupaaNi = forms
ruupeNa = form
ruupin * = mf(%{iNI})n. having or assuming a partic. form or figure, embodied,
corporeal MBh. Ka1v. &c.; having a beautiful form or figure, well-shaped, handsome,
beautiful S3Br. &c. &c.; (ifc.) having the form or nature or character of, characterised
by, appearing as MBh. Ka1v. &c.
ruupita* = mfn. formed, represented, exhibited, imagined Kv. Sarvad
rus'at ('us'atii') 1 mf(%{a4ntI} or %{atI})n. cropping, browsing on AV. iv, 21, 7 (RV. %
{riza4ntI}); hurting, injuring, mortifying, detestable, disagreeable AV. Kaus3. MBh. (v.l.
%{ruSat}) BhP.\\ 2 mf(%{atI})n. (cf. 1. %{ruc}) brilliant, shining, bright, white RV.
S
sa = he * = 1 the last of the three sibilants (it belongs to the dental class and in sound
corresponds to %{s} in %{sin}). -1.
5 sa 2 (in prosody) an anapest ($-). -2.
6 sa 3 (in music) an abbreviated term for %{SaD-ja} (see p. 1109, col. 2).
7 sa 4 (only L.) m. a snake; air, wind; a bird; N. of Vishn2u or S3iva; (%{A}) f. N. of
Lakshmi or Gauri1; n. knowledge; meditation; a carriage road; a fence.

8 sa 5 mfn. (fr. %{san}) procuring, bestowing (only ifc.; cf. %{palu-Sa4} and %{priyasa4}).
9 sa 6 the actual base for the nom. case of the 3rd pers. pron. %{ta4d} q.v. (occurring
only in the nom. sg. mf. [%{sa4} or %{sa4s}, %{sA}], and in the Ved. loc. [%{sa4smin}
RV. i, 152, 6; i, 174, 4; x, 95, 11]; the final %{s} of the nom. m. is dropped before all
consonants [except before %{p} in RV. v, 2, 4, and before %{t} in RV. viii, 33, 16] and
appears only at the end of a sentence in the form of Visarga; %{sa} occasionally blends
with another vowel [as in %{saI7SaH}]; and it is often for emphasis connected with
another pron. as with %{aham}, %{tvam}, %{eSa}, %{ayam} &c. [e.g. %{so@'ham} %
{sa@tvam}, `" I (or thou) that very person "'; cf. under %{ta4d}, p. 434], the verb then
following in the 1st and 2nd pers. even if %{aham} or %{tvam} be omitted [e.g. %{sa} %
{tvA@pRcchAmi} `" I that very person ask you "' Br2A1rUp.; %{sa} %{vai@no@brUhi}
`" do thou tell us "' S3Br.]; similarly, to denote emphasis, with %{bhavAn} [e.g. %
{sa@bhavAn@vijayAya@pratiSThatAm}, `" let your Highness set out for victory "'
S3ak.]; it sometimes [and frequently in the Bra1hman2as] stands as the first word of a
sentence preceding a rel. pronoun or adv. such as %{ya}, %{yad}, %{yadi}, %{yathA}, %
{ce7d}; in this position %{sa} may be used pleonastically or as a kind of ind., even where
another gender or number is required [e.g. %{sa@yadi} %{sthAvarA@Apo@bhananti},
`" if those waters are stagnant "' S3Br.]; in the Sa1m2khya %{sa}, like %{eSa}, %{ka},
and %{ya}, is used to denote Purusha, `" the Universal Soul "') RV. &c. &c. [Cf. Zd.
{ha1}, {hA}; Gk. $, $.] &336305[1111,2]
10 sa 7 ind. (connected with %{saha}, %{sam}, %{sama}, and occasionally in BhP.
standing for %{saha} with instr.) an inseparable prefix expressing `" junction "', `"
conjunction "', `" possession "' (as opp. to %{a} priv.), `" similarity "', `" equality "'; and
when compounded with nouns to form adjectives and adverbs it may be translated by `"
with "', `" together or along with "', `" accompanied by "', `" added to "', `" having "', `"
possessing "', `" containing "', `" having the same "' [cf. %{sa-kopa}, %{sA7gni}, %{sa-

bhAya}, %{sa-droNa}, %{sa-dharman}, %{sa-varNa}]; or it may = `" ly "', as in %{sakopam}, `" angrily "', %{so7padhi}, `" fraudulently "') RV. &c. &c. [Cf. Gk. {a4} in $;
Lat. {sim} in {simplex}; &336323[1111,2] {sem} in {semel}, {semper} Eng. {same}.]
Sa 1 the second of the three sibilants (it belongs to the cerebral class, and is sometimes
substituted for %{s}, and more rarely for %{z}, and occasionally interchangeable with %
{kh}; in sound it corresponds to %{S} on the English word {Sun}; many roots which
begin with %{s} are written in the Dha1tu-pa1t2ha with %{S}, prob. to show that their
initial %{s} is liable to be cerebralized after certain prepositions).
2 Sa 2 mfn. (only L.; for 3. %{Sa} see below) best, excellent; wise, learned; m. loss,
destruction; loss of knowledge; end, term; rest, remainder; eternal happiness, final
emancipation; heaven, paradise; sleep; a learned man, teacher; a nipple; = %{kaca}; = %
{mAnava}; = %{sarva}; = %{garbhavimocana}; n. the embryo; (accord.to some)
patience, endurance.
3 Sa 3 mfn. = %{SaS} ifc. (in %{paJca-Sa} q.v.)
sa: V: that is, that with this, both along with
saa = that is
saadhaara* =having a support or basis or foundation
saaDesaati = Saturs transit of the lunar 12, 1, 2 houses. It lasts about 7 1\/2 years and is
regarded as problematic for the Native by some Jyotishi. If the sarvaashhTakavarga of
the signs in 12th, 1st and 2nd from the Moon have more than 30 points this relieves a lot
of the above malefic side-effects. One should also judge the whole chart and see whether
there is real malevolence to this transit

saadhaka = an aspirant, seeker

saadhakaM = means
saadhana = instrument * = mf(%{I} or %{A}) jn. leading straight to a goal, guiding well,
furthering RV.; effective, efficient, productive of (comp.) MBh. Ka1v. &c.; procuring
Ka1v.; conjuring up (a spirit) Katha1s.; denoting, designating, expressive of (comp.)
Pa1n2. Sch.; m. N. of the author of RV. x, 157 (having the patr. %{bhauvana}) Anukr.; (%
{A}) f. accomplishment, performance (see %{mantra-s-}); propitiation, worship,
adoration L.; (%{am}) n. (ifc. f. %{A}), the act of mastering, overpowering, subduing Kir.
Pan5cat.; subdueing by charms, conjuring up, summoning (spirits &c.) MBh. Katha1s.;
subduing a disease, healing, cure Sus3r. MBh. &c.; enforcing payment or recovery (of a
debt) Das3.; bringing about, carrying out, accomplishment, fullilment, completion,
perfection Nir. MBh. &c.; establishment of a truth, proof. argument, demonstration
Ya1jn5. Sa1h. Sarvad.; reason or premiss (in a syllogism, leading to a conclusion) Mudr.
v, 10; any means of effecting or accomplishing, any agent or instrument or implement or
utensil or apparatus, an expedient, requisite for (gen. or comp.) Mn. R. &c.; a means of
summoning or conjuring up a spirit (or deity) Ka1lac.; means or materials of warfare,
military forces, army or portion of an army (sg. and pl.) Hariv. Uttar. Ra1jat.; conflict,
battle S3is3.; means of correcting or punishing (as `" a stick "', `" rod "' &c.) TBr. Sch.;
means of enjoyment, goods, commodities &c. R.; efficient cause or source (in general)
L.; organ of generation (male or female), Sah.; (in gram.) the sense of the instrumental
or agent (as expressed by the case of a noun, opp. to the action itself) Pat.; preparing,
making ready, preparation (of food, poison &c.) Katha1s. Ma1rkP.; obtaining, procuring,
gain, acquisition Ka1v. BhP.; finding out by calculation, computation Gan2it.; fruit,
result Pan5cat.; the conjugational affix or suffix which is placed between the root and
terminations (= %{vIharaNa} q.v.) Pa1n2. 8-4, 30 Va1rtt. 1; (only L. `" matter, material,

substance, ingredient, drug, medicine; good works, penance, self-mortification,

attainment of beatitude; conciliation, propitiation, worship; killing, destroying; killing
metals, depriving them by oxydation &c. of their metallic properties [esp. said of
mercury]; burning on a funeral pile, obsequies; setting out, proceeding, going; going
quickly; going after, following.).
saadhaana* = mfn. together with the receptacle S3Br.
saadhaaraNa *= mf(%{I} or %{A})n. `" having or resting on the same support or basis
"', belonging or applicable to many or all, general, common to all, universal, common to
(gen. dat. instr. with and without %{saha}, or comp.) RV. &c. &c.; like, equal or similar
to (instr. or comp.) Hariv. Ka1lid.; behaving alike Dhu1rtas.; having something of two
opposite properties, occupying a middle position, mean (between two extremes e.g. `"
neither too dry nor too wet "', `" neither too cool nor too hot "') Sus3r. Ka1m. VarBr2S.;
(in logic) belonging to more than the one instance alleged (one of the three divisions of
the fallacy called %{anaikAntika} q.v.); generic W.; m. N. of the 44th (or 18th) year of
Jupiter's cycle of 60 years VarBr2S.; (%{I}) f. a key L.; a twig of bamboo (perhaps used
as a bolt) MW.; m. or n. (?) N. of a Nya1ya wk. by Ga1da-dhara; (%{am}) n. something in
common, a league or alliance with (comp.) Subh.; a common rule or one generally
applicable W.; a generic property, a character common to all the individuals of a species
or to all the species of a genus &c. ib.; (%{am}) ind. commonly, generally L.
saadhanaa = practice, a quest
saadhayitavya *= mfn. (fr. Caus. of %{sAdh}) to be accomplished or performed Hit.
saadhayitR *= mfn. (fr. id.) one who brings about, an accomplisher, performer Nir.

saadhvasa * = n. (ifc. f. %{A}; fr. %{sa} + %{dhvasa} = %{dhvaMsa}) consternation,

perturbation, alarm, terror, fear of (gen. or comp.; %{-saM-gam}, to become terrified "')
MBh. Ka1v. &c.; (in dram.) false alarm, sudden fright, panic (one of the 7 divisions of the
Bhan2ika q.v.) Sa1h
saadhayet.h = achieves
saadharmyaM = same nature
saadhibhuuta = and the governing principle of the material manifestation
saadhiyaGYaM = and governing all sacrifices
saadhu = good man * mf(%{vI4})n. straight , right RV. AV. BhP. ; leading straight to a
goal , hitting the mark , unerring (as an arrow or thunderbolt) RV. S3Br. ; straightened ,
not entangled (as threads) Kaus3. ; well-disposed , kind , willing , obedient RV. R. ;
successful , effective , efficient (as a hymn or prayer) RV. Ka1m. ; ready , prepared (as
Soma) RV. AitBr. ; peaceful , secure RV. ; powerful , excellent , good for (loc.) or towards
(loc. gen. , dat. acc. , with %{prati} , %{anu} , %{abhi} , %{pari} , or comp.) S3Br. &c.
&c. ; fit , proper , right VarBr2S. ; good , virtuous , honourable , righteous S3Br. Mn.
MBh. &c. ; well-born , noble , of honourable or respectable descent W. ; correct , pure ;
classical (as language) ib. ; m. a good or virtuous or honest man S3Br. Mn. MBh. &c. ; a
holyman , saint , sage , seer Ka1lid. ; (with Jainas) a Jina or deified saint W. ; a jeweller
Hit. ; a merchant , money-lender , usurer L. ; (in gram. accord. to some) a derivative or
inflected noun ; (%{vI}) f. a chaste or virtuous woman , faithful wife Mn. MBh. &c. ; a
saintly woman W. ; a kind of root (= %{medA}) L. ; n. the good or right or honest , a good
&c. thing or act (%{sAdhv@asti} with dat. , `" it is well with- "' ; %{sAdhu-man} with acc.

, to consider a thing good , approve "') RV. &c. &c. ; gentleness , kindness , benevolence
S3Br. MBh. &c. ; (%{u4}) ind. straight , aright , regularly RV. AV. ; well , rightly ,
skilfully , properly , agreeably (with %{vRt} and loc. , `" to behave well towards "' [once
%{sA4dhu} "' , in RV. viii , 32 , 10] ; with %{kR} , `" to set eight "' ; with %{As} , `" to be
well or at ease "') RV. &c. &c. ; good! well done! bravo! S3Br. MBh. &c. ; well , greatly , in
a high degree R. Ka1m. BhP. ; well , enough of. away with (instr.)! MBh. Pan5cat. ; well
come on! (with Impv. or 1. pr.) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; assuredly , indeed R. Ka1m. [1201,3]
saadhuH = a saint
saadhubhaave = in the sense of the nature of the devotee
saadhuvRtta * = a. beautifully round (arm) or well-conducted; n. good conduct.
saadhus'abda * = Meaning m. cry of good or bravo.
saadhus'Ila * = a. having a good character; abstr. {-tva} n
saadhushhu = unto the pious
saadhuunaaM = of the devotees
saadhvasa * = n. (ifc. f. %{A}; fr. %{sa} + %{dhvasa} = %{dhvaMsa}) consternation,
perturbation, alarm, terror, fear of (gen. or comp.; %{-saM-gam}, to become terrified "')
MBh. Ka1v. &c.; (in dram.) false alarm, sudden fright, panic (one of the 7 divisions of the
Bhan2ika q.v.) Sa1h.
saadhyaaH = the Sadhyas

saadhya * =mfn. to be subdued or mastered or won or managed, conquerable, amenable

MBh. R. &c.; to be summoned or conjured up L.; to be set to rights, to be treated or
healed or cured Sus'r. MBh. Kaths.; to be formed (grammatically) Vop.; to be cultivated
or perfected Kv.; to be accomplished or fulfilled or brought about or effected or
attained, practicable, feasible, attainable Mn. MBh. &c.; being effected or brought about,
taking place Ks'.; to be prepared or cooked Car.; to be inferred or concluded Sarvad.
Bhshp. Kpr.; to be proved or demonstrated Ragh. Sh.; to be found out by calculation
VarBriS. Ganit.; to be killed or destroyed MW.; relating to the Sdhyas (see below) MBh.
BhP.; m. (pl.) `" they that are to be propitiated "'N. of a class of celestial beings
(belonging to the {gaNa-devatA} q.v., sometimes mentioned in the Veda [see RV. x, 90,
16]; in the S'Br. their world is said to be above the sphere of the gods; according to Yska
[Nir. xii, 41] their locality is the Bhuvarloka or middle region between the earth and sun;
in Mn. i, 22, the Sdhyas are described as created after the gods with natures exquisitely
refined, and in iii, 195, as children of the Soma-sads, sons of Virj; in the Purnas they
are sons of Sdhy, and their number is variously twelve or seventeen; in the later
mythology they seem to be superseded by the Siddhas see {siddha}; and their names are
Manas, Mantrii, Pra7na, Nara, Pna, Vinirbhaya, Naya, Dansa, Nryana, Vriisha,
Prabhu) RV. &c. &c.; the god of love L.; N. of a Vedic Riishi, IndSt.; of the 21st
astronomical Yoga L.; ({A}) f. N. of a daughter of Daksha and wife of Dharma or Manu
(regarded as the mother of the Sdhyas) Hariv. Pur.; ({am}) n. accomplishment,
perfection W.; an object to be accomplished, thing to be proved or established, matter in
debate ib.; (in logic) the major term in a syllogism ib.; silver L.; N. of a Sman ArshBr.
saadhvii = (feminine form of saadhu ie, a virtuos person )
saadris'ya * = n. likeness, resemblance, similarity to (comp.) past. R. Hariv. &c.

saadriza * = mfn. = {sa-dRza}, like, similar S'nkhS'r.; proper DivyA7v.; ({I}) f.

saadya * mfn. (fr. {sAdin}) fit for riding; m. a ridinghorse s'vS'r.
saadhaya *= Nom. P. %{-yati} (fr. %{sAdhu} = %{bADha} ; cf. %{sAdhiSTha} , %
{sAdhIyas}) , to make hard or firm Vop. (see also Caus. of %{sAdh}).
95\\ see p. 1201 , col. 2 , and %{sAdh} , p. 1200 col. 3. [1202,2]
saadhayitavya * = mfn. (fr. Caus. of {sAdh}) to be accomplished or performed Hit.
saadhayitR * = mfn. (fr. id.) one who brings about, an accomplisher, performer Nir.
saadhana * =mf({I} or {A}) jn. leading straight to a goal, guiding well, furthering RV.;
effective, efficient, productive of (comp.) MBh. Kv. &c.; procuring Kv.; conjuring up (a
spirit) Kaths.; denoting, designating, expressive of (comp.) Pn. Sch.; m. N. of the
author of RV. x, 157 (having the patr. {bhauvana}) Anukr.; ({A}) f. accomplishment,
performance (see {mantra-s-}); propitiation, worship, adoration L.; ({am}) n. (ifc. f.
{A}), the act of mastering, overpowering, subduing Kir. Pacat.; subdueing by charms,
conjuring up, summoning (spirits &c.) MBh. Kaths.; subduing a disease, healing, cure
Sus'r. MBh. &c.; enforcing payment or recovery (of a debt) Das'.; bringing about,
carrying out, accomplishment, fullilment, completion, perfection Nir. MBh. &c.;
establishment of a truth, proof. argument, demonstration Yj. Sh. Sarvad.; reason or
premiss (in a syllogism, leading to a conclusion) Mudr. v, 10; any means of effecting or
accomplishing, any agent or instrument or implement or utensil or apparatus, an
expedient, requisite for (gen. or comp.) Mn. R. &c.; a means of summoning or conjuring
up a spirit (or deity) Klac.; means or materials of warfare, military forces, army or
portion of an army (sg. and pl.) Hariv. Uttar. Rjat.; conflict, battle S'is'.; means of

correcting or punishing (as `" a stick "', `" rod "' &c.) TBr. Sch.; means of enjoyment,
goods, commodities &c. R.; efficient cause or source (in general) L.; organ of generation
(male or female), Sah.; (in gram.) the sense of the instrumental or agent (as expressed
by the case of a noun, opp. to the action itself) Pat.; preparing, making ready,
preparation (of food, poison &c.) Kaths. MrkP.; obtaining, procuring, gain, acquisition
Kv. BhP.; finding out by calculation, computation Ganit.; fruit, result Pacat.; the
conjugational affix or suffix which is placed between the root and terminations (=
{vIharaNa} q.v.) Pn. 8-4, 30 Vrtt. 1; (only L. `" matter, material, substance,
ingredient, drug, medicine; good works, penance, self-mortification, attainment of
beatitude; conciliation, propitiation, worship; killing, destroying; killing metals,
depriving them by oxydation &c. of their metallic properties [esp. said of mercury];
burning on a funeral pile, obsequies; setting out, proceeding, going; going quickly; going
after, following.).
saadhaana * =mfn. together with the receptacle S'Br. sadhana
sadhana * = n. (i.e.7. %{sa} + %{dh-}) common property S3Br.; mfn. possessing riches,
wealthy, opulent R. VarBr2S.; together with riches Katha1s.; %{-tA} f. wealthiness
Prasan3g.
saaci *= 1 mfn. following , accompanying S3Br. ; m. N. of Agni L.\\ 2 ind. (perhaps fr.
7. %{sa} + %{aJc}) crookedly , away , obliquely , sideways , askance RV. x , 142 , 2 (?)
Pan5cavBr. Kir.
saacii *= in comp. for 2. %{sAci}.
saadhana * = mf(%{I} or %{A}) jn. leading straight to a goal, guiding well, furthering

RV.; effective, efficient, productive of (comp.) MBh. Ka1v. &c.; procuring Ka1v.;
conjuring up (a spirit) Katha1s.; denoting, designating, expressive of (comp.) Pa1n2.
Sch.; m. N. of the author of RV. x, 157 (having the patr. %{bhauvana}) Anukr.; (%{A}) f.
accomplishment, performance (see %{mantra-s-}); propitiation, worship, adoration L.;
(%{am}) n. (ifc. f. %{A}), the act of mastering, overpowering, subduing Kir. Pan5cat.;
subdueing by charms, conjuring up, summoning (spirits &c.) MBh. Katha1s.; subduing a
disease, healing, cure Sus3r. MBh. &c.; enforcing payment or recovery (of a debt) Das3.;
bringing about, carrying out, accomplishment, fullilment, completion, perfection Nir.
MBh. &c.; establishment of a truth, proof. argument, demonstration Ya1jn5. Sa1h.
Sarvad.; reason or premiss (in a syllogism, leading to a conclusion) Mudr. v, 10; any
means of effecting or accomplishing, any agent or instrument or implement or utensil or
apparatus, an expedient, requisite for (gen. or comp.) Mn. R. &c.; a means of
summoning or conjuring up a spirit (or deity) Ka1lac.; means or materials of warfare,
military forces, army or portion of an army (sg. and pl.) Hariv. Uttar. Ra1jat.; conflict,
battle S3is3.; means of correcting or punishing (as `" a stick "', `" rod "' &c.) TBr. Sch.;
means of enjoyment, goods, commodities &c. R.; efficient cause or source (in general)
L.; organ of generation (male or female), Sah.; (in gram.) the sense of the instrumental
or agent (as expressed by the case of a noun, opp. to the action itself) Pat.; preparing,
making ready, preparation (of food, poison &c.) Katha1s. Ma1rkP.; obtaining, procuring,
gain, acquisition Ka1v. BhP.; finding out by calculation, computation Gan2it.; fruit,
result Pan5cat.; the conjugational affix or suffix which is placed between the root and
terminations (= %{vIharaNa} q.v.) Pa1n2. 8-4, 30 Va1rtt. 1; (only L. `" matter, material,
substance, ingredient, drug, medicine; good works, penance, self-mortification,
attainment of beatitude; conciliation, propitiation, worship; killing, destroying; killing
metals, depriving them by oxydation &c. of their metallic properties [esp. said of
mercury]; burning on a funeral pile, obsequies; setting out, proceeding, going; going
quickly; going after, following.).

saadhAna * = mfn. together with the receptacle S3Br.

saadhava *= n. (fr. %{sAdhu}) g. %{pRthv-Adi}.
saadhvasa * = n. (ifc. f. %{A} ; fr. %{sa} + %{dhvasa} = %{dhvaMsa}) consternation,
perturbation, alarm, terror, fear of (gen. or comp. ; %{-saM-gam}, to become terrified
"') MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; (in dram.) false alarm, sudden fright, panic (one of the 7 divisions of
the Bhan2ika q.v.) Sa1h.
saadhvasaadhu * = mfn. good and bad (%{-tva} n.) VarBr2S. ; m. pl. the good and the
wicked MBh. ; n. du. good and bad things S3Br. R.
saadhvasavipluta * = mfn. overwhelmed with consternation MW.
saadhya * = mfn. to be subdued or mastered or won or managed, conquerable, amenable
MBh. R. &c.; to be summoned or conjured up L.; to be set to rights, to be treated or
healed or cured Sus3r. MBh. Katha1s.; to be formed (grammatically) Vop.; to be
cultivated or perfected Ka1v.; to be accomplished or fulfilled or brought about or effected
or attained, practicable, feasible, attainable Mn. MBh. &c.; being effected or brought
about, taking place Ka1s3.; to be prepared or cooked Car.; to be inferred or concluded
Sarvad. Bha1sha1p. Kpr.; to be proved or demonstrated Ragh. Sa1h.; to be found out by
calculation VarBr2S. Gan2it.; to be killed or destroyed MW.; relating to the Sa1dhyas
(see below) MBh. BhP.; m. (pl.) `" they that are to be propitiated "'N. of a class of
celestial beings (belonging to the %{gaNa-devatA} q.v., sometimes mentioned in the
Veda [see RV. x, 90, 16]; in the S3Br. their world is said to be above the sphere of the
gods; according to Ya1ska [Nir. xii, 41] their locality is the Bhuvarloka or middle region
between the earth and sun; in Mn. i, 22, the Sa1dhyas are described as created after the

gods with natures exquisitely refined, and in iii, 195, as children of the Soma-sads, sons
of Vira1j; in the Pura1n2as they are sons of Sa1dhya1, and their number is variously
twelve or seventeen; in the later mythology they seem to be superseded by the Siddhas
see %{siddha}; and their names are Manas, Mantr2i, Pra7n2a, Nara, Pa1na, Vinirbhaya,
Naya, Dan6sa, Na1ra1yan2a, Vr2isha, Prabhu) RV. &c. &c.; the god of love L.; N. of a
Vedic R2ishi, IndSt.; of the 21st astronomical Yoga L.; (%{A}) f. N. of a daughter of
Daksha and wife of Dharma or Manu (regarded as the mother of the Sa1dhyas) Hariv.
Pur.; (%{am}) n. accomplishment, perfection W.; an object to be accomplished, thing to
be proved or established, matter in debate ib.; (in logic) the major term in a syllogism
ib.; silver L.; N. of a Sa1man ArshBr.
saagaraM = (masc.Acc.S) ocean
saagaraH = the ocean
saagaraat.h = from the ocean
saahankaareNa = with ego
saahasa = adventure
saahase = (loc.sing.) in bravery or adventure
saahaayyaka = (m) assitant, helper
saahaayyam.h = (n) help, assistance
saahitya = literature

saajyasamidbhiH = with ghee(clarified butter) and `samidhaa' sticks

s'aakra *= mf({I})n. (fr. {zakra}) relating or belonging or sacred to or addressed to Indra
MBh. VarBriS. Kaths.; ({I}) f. Indra's wife (also applied to Durg) Pur.; n. the
Nakshatra Jyeshthh (presided over by Indra) VarBriS.
saakaM = with
saakhya * = n. association, party RV. KtyS'r.; friendship (prob. w.r. for {sakhya}) L.;
mfn. {-sAkheya} KtyS'r. [1198, 2]
saakshaat * = ind. (abl. of {sA7kSa} above) with the eyes, with one's own eyes Kv.
Kaths. Sarvad.; before one's eyes, evidently, clearly, openly, manifestly AV. &c. &c.
[1198, 1]; in person, in bodily form, personally, visibly, really, actually MBh. Kv. &c.;
immediately, directly Sarvad. Kull.
saakshin* = mfn. seeing with the eyes, observing, witnessing; an eye-witness, witness (in
law) of or to (gen. loc., or comp.) Gaut. Mn. MBh. &c.; m. (in phil.) the Ego or subject (as
opp. to the object or to that which is external to the mind, AshthvS.; cf. {sA7kSimAtra}); N. of a man (also pl.) Sanskrak.
saaksha* = mfn. (fr. 7. {sa} + {akSa}) furnished with a yoke (of oxen) Kaus'. \\sAkSa* =
2 mfn. (fr. 7. {sa} + {akSa}) having the seeds (of which rosaries are made), having rosary
MW. \\sAkSa* = 3 (fr. 7. {sa} + {akSa}), having eyes (only in abl.; see next).
saakshatkaara = the spirit
saakshaat = directly * = ind. (abl. of %{sA7kSa} above) with the eyes, with one's own eyes

Ka1v. Katha1s. Sarvad.; before one's eyes, evidently, clearly, openly, manifestly AV. &c.
&c. [1198,1]; in person, in bodily form, personally, visibly, really, actually MBh. Ka1v.
&c.; immediately, directly Sarvad. Kull.\\in comp. with forms of %{kR}.
saakshin * = mfn. seeing with the eyes, observing, witnessing ; an eye-witness, witness
(in law) of or to (gen. loc., or comp.) Gaut. Mn. MBh. &c. ; m. (in phil.) the Ego or
subject (as opp. to the object or to that which is external to the mind, Asht2a1vS. ; cf. %
{sA7kSi-mAtra}) ; N. of a man (also pl.) Sam2ska1rak.
saala *= 1 m. (often incorrectly written for 1. {zAla}) the S'l tree; a wall, fence &c.; for
these and other meanings and compounds such as {salagrAma} &c., see 1. {zAla}; ({A})
f. see next.
saalaa * f. (generally written {zAlA}) a house (see {niHsAla4}).
saalaavritika *= m. (in later language mostly %{zAlA-vRka}) `" house-wolf (?) "', a kind
of wolf or hyena or jackal or similar animal RV. &c. &c.
saalamba = supported
saalamba\-sarvaangaasana = the supported shoulderstand posture
saam* = see 1. {sAmaya}, p. 1205, col. 1.
saama = the Sama Veda
saaman * =1 n. (fr. 1. {sA} = 1. {san}) acquisition, possession, property, wealth,
abundance RV. VS. \\

saaman * = 2 n. (m. only in TBr.; prob. connected with {sAntv}; accord. to some fr. 1.
{sA}; cf. 3. {sAman}) calming, tranquillizing, (esp.) kind or gentle words for winning an
adversary, conciliation, negotiation (one of the 4 Upa7yas or means of success against an
enemy, the other 3 being {dAna}, {bheda}, and {daNDa}, qq. vv.; ibc. or instr. sg. and
pl., `" by friendly means or in a friendly way, willingly, voluntarily "') TBr. &c. &c.
saaman * =3 n. (of doubtful derivation; accord. to Un. iv, 152 fr. {so} = 2. {sA}, as `"
destroying sin "'; in Nir. vii, 12 apparently connected with {sammita}; by others derived
fr. 1. {san}, {sA}, {sAntv}, and perhaps not to be separated fr. 1. and 2. {sAman}) a
metrical hymn or song of praise, (esp.) a partic. kind of sacred text or verse called a
Sman (intended to be chanted, and forming, with {Rc}, {yajus}, {chandas}, one of the 4
kinds of Vedic composition mentioned first in RV. x, 90, 9) RV. &c. &c.; any song or tune
(sacred or profane, also the hum of bees) MBh. Kv. &c.; the faculty of uttering sounds
(?) TBr. (Sch.)
saamana * = 1 mf(%{A})n. (for 2. see under 2. %{sAman}) rich, affluent, abundant
(others `" common, universal "') RV. iii, 30, 9.\\ 2 mfn. (for 1. see under 1. %{sAman})
quiet, calm RV. x, 85, 9.\\ sAmAna Vr2iddhi form of 2. %{samAna} in comp.
saamarthyaM = ability
saamarsha* = mfn. having impatience or anger, impatient, indignant, wrathful, enraged
at (prati) Kv. Kaths. &c.; ({am}) ind. angrily Mriicch.
saamavedaH = the Sama Veda
saamaajika = social

saamaani = Nr.nom.pl.)the Sama Veda

saamaanya = common * = mf(%{A})n. equal, alike, similar MBh. S3ak. ; shared by
others, joint, common to (instr with and without %{saha}, or comp.) Ya1jn5. MBh. Sus3r.
&c. ; whole, entire, universal, general, generic, not specific (opp. to %{vaizeSika}) Sus3r.
VarBr2S. ; common, common-place, vulgar, ordinary, insignificant, low MBh. Ka1v. &c.
; (%{am}) n. equality, similarity, identity MBh. Sus3r. &c. ; equilibrium, normal state or
condition Ni1lak. ; universality, totality, generality, general or fundamental notion,
common or generic property (ibc. instr., or abl., `" in general "', as opp. to %{vizeSatas}, `" in particular "') Kan2. Jaim. Sarvad. ; public affairs or business W. ; (in rhet.)
the connection of different objects by common properties Kpr. Kuval. ; (%{A}) f. a
common female, prostitute L. ; (%{am}) ind. after the same manner as, like (comp.)
Ka1lid. ; jointly, in general, in common Mn. vii, 56.
saamaasikasya = of compounds
saamatva* = n. state or condition of (being) a SShadvBr. S'Br.
saamaveda m. `" Veda of chants "'N. of one of the three principal Vedas (see %{veda} ;
it contains a number of verses or stanzas nearly all of which [except about 78] occur in
the R2ig-veda and which , modified in various ways , are chanted , mostly , by the
Udga1tr2i priests at Soma sacrifices ; the Sam2hita1 of the Sa1ma-veda consists of two
parts ; the first , called Arcika [or Purviccika or Chando-grantha] , contains 585 verses
disjoined from their proper sequence in the R2ig-veda and arranged in 59 Das3atis or
decades , which again are subdivided into Prapa1t2hakas and Ardha-prapa1t2hakas ; the
second , called Uttara7rcika or Uttara1-grantha , contains 1225 verses , also chiefly from
the R2ik-sam2hita1 , but less disjointed than in the first part , and arranged in nine

Prapa1hakas with Ardha-prapa1t2hakas , mostly , however , grouped in triplets ; the

directions for the formation of Sa1mans or chants out of these verses are carefully laid
down in the Ga1nas or manuals for chanting , two of which , viz. the Geya-ga1na and
A1ran2ya-g , are a directory for the A1rcika portion , and two , viz. U1ha-gga1na and
U1hya-ga1na , for the Uttara7rcika1 ; in Mn. i , 23 the Sa1ma-veda is described as drawn
forth from the sun ; in iv , 124 it is described as having a special reference to the Pitr2is
or deceased ancestors , and its sound is therefore said to possess a kind of impurity ,
whereas the R2ig-veda has the gods for his objects and the Yajurveda men ; the Sa1maveda is said to possess 8 Bra1hman2as [see %{brAhmaNa}] Br. S3a1n3khS3r. &c. [IW.
25] ; %{-cchala} n. %{-paritiSTa} n. %{-rahasya} n. %{-rahasyo7paniSad} f. N. of wks. ;
%{-rAj} m. N. of Vishn2u Pan5car. ; %{-vid} mfn. familiar with the SShad2vBr-vveda
; %{-zikSA} f. N. of a S3iksha1 ; %{-sAra} m. N. of Vishn2u Pan5car. ; %{-dA7ntaga}
mfn. one who has gone through the SShad2vBr-vveda MBh. ; %{-dA7rtha} m. %{dA7rtha-prakAza} m. N. of wks. ; %{-dIya-rudrI} f. %{-dIya-raudra-vidhi} m. %{do7paniSad} f. N. of wks.
saamaya * = 1 mfn. (for 2. see col. 2) friendly, favourable (in %{a-s-} q.v.)\\ 2 mfn. (for
1. see col. 1) skilful in chanting or singing RV. Bhat2t2.
saamaya* = 1 (Nom. fr. {sAman} or fr. artificial {sAm}; for 2. {sA7maya} see col. 3) cl.
10. P. {sAmayati} (aor. {asasAmat} or {asISamat}), to conciliate, appease, pacify.
tranquillize Dhtup. xxxv, 27.
saamaya* = 2 mfn. (for 1. see col. 1) connected with or suffering from disease S'ank.
saamba* = 1 m. (also written {zAmba}) N. of a son of Kriishna and Jmbavat (in
consequence of the curse of some holy sages who had been deceived by a female disguise

which he had assumed, he was condemned to produce offspring in the shape of a terrific
iron club for the destruction of the race of Vriishni and Andhaka; he is said to have been
instructed by Nrada in the worship of the sun, and by Vysa in the ritual of the Magi)
MBh. Hariv. Pur.; (also with {zAstrin}) N. of various authors and teachers Cat.; n. = {purANa} ib.\\2 mfn. attended by Amb (q.v.), Ksikh.
saaMgamana*= m. (fr. {sam-g-}) patr. of Agni Anas'nat S'Br
saaMhita* = mf({I})n. relating to the Sanhit, found in the SSanhit text or based upon
it &c. Prt. Pn. Sch.
saaMkhya (saan'khya)* = mfn. (fr. {saM-khyA}) numeral, relating to number W.;
relating to number (in gram as expressed by the case-terminations &c.) Pat.; rational, or
discriminative W.; m.one who calculates or discriminates well, (esp.) an adherent of the
Snkhya doctrine ClUp. MBh. &c.; N. of a man Car.; patr. of the Vedic Riishi Atri
Anukr.; N. of S'iva MBh.; n. (accord. to some also m.) N. of one of the three great
divisions of Hind philosophy (ascribed to the sage Kapila [q.v.], and so called either
from, discriminating "', in general, or, more probably, from `" reckoning up "' or `"
enumerating "' twenty-five Tattvas [see {tattva}] or true entities [twenty-three of which
are evolved out of Prakriiti `" the primordial Essence "' or `" first-Producer "', viz.
Buddhi, Ahankra, the five Tan-mtras, the five Mah-bhtas and Manas; the twentyfifth being Purusha or Spirit [sometimes called Soul] which is neither a Producer nor
Production [see {vikAra}], but wholly distinct from the twenty-four other Tattvas. and is
multitudinous, each separate Purusha by its union with Prakriiti causing a separate
creation out of Prakriiti, the object of the philosophy being to effect the final liberation of
the Purusha or Spirit from the fetters caused by that creation; the Yoga [q.v.] branch of
the Saqikhya recognizes a Supreme Spirit dominating each separate Purusha; the

Tantras identify Prakriiti with the wives of the gods, esp. with the wife of S'iva; the oldest
systematic exposition of the SSnkhya seems to have been by an author called Pacas'ikha [the germ, however, being found in the Shashthi-tantra, of which only scanty
fragments are extant]; the original Stras were superseded by the SSnkhya-krik of
s'vara-kriishna, the oldest manual on the SSnkhya system that has come down to us
and probably written in the 5th century A.D., while the SSnkhya-stras or SS'ivapravacana and Tattva-samsa, ascribed to the sage Kapila, are now thought to belong to
as late a date as the 14th or 15th century or perhaps a little later) S'vetUp. MBh. &c. IW.
73 &c. RTL.
saamnaM = of the Sama Veda songs
saaMyamana* = mfn. (fr. %{saMyamana}) relating to restraint or self-control KaushUp.
(v.l.)
saamparaaya * = mfn. (fr. %{sam-parA7ya}) required by necessity or calamity
VarYogay.; relating to war or battle, warlike MW.; relating to the other world or to the
future ib.; m. the passage from this world into another Up. MBh. &c.; need, distress,
calamity MBh.; a helper or friend in need ib. i, 723 (Ni1lak.); contention, conflict S3is3.;
the future, a future life L.; inquiry into the future MW.; investigation (in general) ib.;
uncertainty ib.
saaMprataM = (indeclinable) now
saamya *= n. (fr. 2. %{sama}) equality, evenness, equilibrium, equipoise, equal or
normal state (acc. with %{nI}, `" to bring to that ststate "', `" calm "') MBh. Ka1v. &c. ;
likeness, sameness, identity with (instr. with and without %{saha}, or gen., or loc., or

comp.) Mun2d2Up. MBh. &c. ; equality of rank or position Mn. Ya1jn5. VarBr2S. ;
homogeneousness (of sounds) Vop. ; measure, time MBh. ; equability towards (loc. or %
{prati}), impartiality, indifference Bhag. Kum. BhP. ; justice (%{sAmyam-kR}, `" to act
justly towards [loc.] "') MBh. ; v.l. for %{zalyA} Ka1vya7d. i, 39.
saamye = in equanimity
saamyena = generally
saaMyuga * = mf(%{I})n. (fr. %{saM-yuga}) relating to battle (with %{ku} f. `" a battlefield "') S3is3.
saamraajya = universal soverignty
saaMvartaka * = mfn. (fr. {saM-vartaka} = {saMvarta}) relating to or appearing at the
dissolution of the universe (as fire, the sun &c.) R. BhP.
saaMvatsara* = mf({I})n. (fr. {saM-vatsara}) yearly, annual, perennial, lasting or
occupying year (with {bhRti}, f. `" annual wages "') S'rS. MBh. BhP.; m. an astrologer,
almanac-maker MBh. Kv. &c.; a lunar month L.; black rice L.; (with {dIkSita}) N. of an
author Cat.; ({I}) f. a funeral ceremony performed a year after a persos death L.
saantaanika V*= wanting a child, desirous to procreate, fertile, capable of begetting sons
{santaana: children, generation, offspring, the progeny}
saantvayati = (10 up) to console
saankhya = one of the schools(systems) of Indian philosophy

saankhyaM = analytical study

saankhya\-yoga = the yoga of science
saankhyaanaaM = of the empiric philosophers
saankhye = in the fight
saankhyena = of philosophical discussion
saankhyaiH = by means of Sankhya philosophy
saanna* = mf({A})n. together with, food, having food Vishn.
saanu * = m. n. (accord. to Un. i, 3 fr. {san}; collateral form 3. {snu}) a summit, ridge,
surface, top of a mountain, (in later language generally) mountain-ridge, table-land RV.
&c. &c. (L. also, a sprout; a forest; road; gale of wind; sage, learned man; the sun "').
s'aanti * = f. tranquillity, peace, quiet, peace or calmness of mind, absence of passion,
averting of pain ({zAnti}! {zAnti}! {zAnti}! may the three kinds of pain be averted!),
indifference to objects of pleasure or pain KathhUp. MBh. &c.; alleviation (of evil or
pain), cessation, abatement, extinction (of fire &c.) AV. &c. &c.; a pause, breach,
interruption Hcat.; any expiatory or propitiatory rite for averting evil or calamity Br. &c.
(cf. RTL. 346); peace, welfare, prosperity, good fortune, ease, comfort, happiness, bliss
MBh. R. &c.; destruction, end, eternal rest, death Kv. Kaths. BhP.; = {zAnti-kalpa}
BhP.; Tranquillity &c. personified (as a daughter of S'raddh, as the wife of Atharvan, as
the daughter of Daksha and wife of Dharma) Hariv. Prab. Pur.; m. N. of a son of Indra
MBh.; of Indra in the tenth Manv-antara Pur.; of a Tushita (son of Vishnu and Dakshin)

ib.; of a son of Kriishna and Klind ib.; of a Riishi MBh.; of a son of Angiras ib.; of a
disciple of Bhti MrkP.; of a son of Nla and father of Su-s'nti VP.; (with Jainas) of an
Arhat and Cakra-vartin L.; of a teacher (also called {ratnA7kara-z-}) Buddh.
s'aapa * = 1 m. (ifc. f. {A}; fr. {zap}) a curse, malediction, abuse, oath, imprecation, ban,
interdiction (acc. with {vac}, {dA}, {pra-yam}, {ny-as}, {vi-sRj}, {A-diz}, `" to pronounce
or utter a curse on any one "', with dat. gen. loc., or acc. with {prati}) MBh. Kv. &c.
s'aa4pa * = 2 m. (of doubtful derivation) floating wood or other substances RV. AV.
saapatna * = mfn. (fr, {sa-patna}, or {sapatnI}) coming or derived from a rival AV.;
based on rivalry (as enmity) MBh.; born of a rival or cowife; m. (with or without
{bhrAtR}, `" a half-brother on the mother's side "') R.; (pl.) the children of different
wives of the same husband MBh.
saapatnya* mf({A})n. based on rivalry (as enmity) Km.; born from a rival or fellow-wife
R.; m. a half-brother ib.; a rival, enemy L.; n. enmity or rivalry among wives of the same
husband S'is'.; relationship of children born from different wives of the same husband R.
saapatnyaka * = n. rivalry, enmity
saapatnaka * = n. rivalry among the wives of the same husband MBh.; rivalry in general,
enmity ib. Blar.
saapatneya * = mf({I})n. born from a rival wife
saara = essence; * = m. or n. (?) salts of iron L \\ 1 (fr. {sR}) m. course, motion (see
{pUrva-s-}); stretching out, extension Klac.; mfn. driving away, destroying Blar. ii,

60/61 \\2 m. n. (ifc. f. {A}; perhaps to be connected with 1. {sAra} above; prob. fr. a lost
root meaning. `" to be strong "') the core or pith or solid interior of anything RV. &c. &c.;
firmness, strength power, energy AV. &c. &c.; the substance or essence or marrow or
cream or heart or essential part of anything, best part, quintessence (ifc. = `" chiefly
consisting of or depending on &c. "' [cf. {para}] e.g. {dharma-sAraM jagat}, `" the world
chiefly depends on justice "'; {tUSNIM-sAra} mfn. `" chiefly silent "'; {sArat sAram}, `"
the very best "') AitBr. &c. &c.; the real meaning, main point MW.; a compendium,
summary, epitome (often ifc. in titles of books); a chiefingredient or constituent part of
the body (causing the peculiarities of temperament; reckoned to be 7, viz. {sattva},
{zukra}, {majjan}, {asthi}, {medas}, {mAMsa}, {rakta}) Sus'r. VarBriS.; any ingredient
Sus'r.; nectar R. BhP.; cream, curds L.; worth, value ({eNa}, `" in consideration of. "',
according to "') Mn. Yj. &c.; wealth, property, goods, riches Kv. Pur. Rjat.; (in rhet.)
a kind of climax ({uttaro7ttaram utkarSaH}) Sh. Kpr.; resin used as a perfume Sus'r.
SrngS.; water Vs.; dung Kriishis.; the matter formed in a boil or ulcer, pus MW.;
impure carbonate of soda ib.; a confederate prince, ally VarBriS.; (= 1. {zAra}) a piece at
chess or backgammon &c.; ({A}) f. a kind of plant( = {kriSNa-trivRtA}) L.; Kus'a grass
L.; ({I}) f. see under {sAri} and {sArI} (next p.); mf({A})n. hard, firm solid strong MBh.
Rv. &c.; precious, valuable Das'.; good, sound, best, excellent BhP. Pacar.; sound (as
an argument, thoroughly proved) W.; full of (instr.) VarBriS.; motley, speckled (=
{zAra}) Sus'r. Kd.\\ 3 mfn. having spokes S'ulba
saaraH = (m) essence, summary
saaroha 8 = mf(%{A})n. having elevation, elevated to (loc.) R.; together with a horseman
ib.
saarikaa = a bird (nightingale / cuckoo ? )

saartha * = mf(%{A})n. having an object or business, Sa1n3khBr. ; anything that has

attained its object, successful (as a request) S3ak. Sch. ; having property, opulent,
wealthy Ra1jat. ; having meaning or purport, significant, important, Kusum. ; of like
meaning or Purport W. ; serving a purpose, useful, serviceable MW. ; m. a travelling
company of traders or pilgrims, caravan MBh. R. &c. ; a troop, collection of men MBh. ;
a multitude of similar animals, herd, flock &c. Pan5cat. ; any company (%{ena}, with
gen. = `" in the company of. "' Campak.), collection, multitude MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; a
member of any company W. ; a wealthy man W.
saarthakyaM = (n) fulfillment
saarthavaaha = (m) a merchant
saaruupya * = n. (fr. {sa-rUpa}) sameness or similarity of form, identity of appearance,
resemblance, likeness, conformity with (gen.) Mn. MBh. &c.; assimilation to or
conformity with the deity (one of the grades of Mukti or beatitude = {sarUpa-tA},
{sAlokya}) BhP.; (in dram.) a mistake caused by the mutual resemblance of two persons
(as in Venis. vs Yudhi-shthhira takes Bhma for Duryodhana and injures him) Bhar.
Sh.; mf({A})n. seasonable, fit, proper, suitable Lalit.
saarvabhauma = of the whole earth
saarvaayushha = of full life-span
saasahaana * = mfn. (for %{sa-s-}) overcoming, conquering RV.
saasana* = mf(%{I})n. punishing, a punisher, chastiser (see %{pAka-}, %{pura-}, %
{rukmi-}, %{smara-z-}) [1069,1]; teaching, instructing, an instructor BhP.; (%{I}) f. an

instructress RV. i, 31, 11; (%{am}) n. (ifc. f. %{A}) punishment, chastisement, correction
(%{zAsanaM-kR}, to inflict punishment) Baudh. Mn. MBh. &c.; government, dominion,
rule over (comp.) MBh. Ka1v. &c.; an order, command, edict, enactment, decree,
direction (%{zAsanaM-kR} [%{kAGkS} Baudh.] or %{zAsane-vRt} or %{sthA}, `" to obey
orders "'; %{zAsanAt} with gen., `" by command of "'; %{zAsanA} f. Sch. on S3is3. xiv,
36) RV. &c. &c.; a royal edict, grant, charter (usually a grant of land or of partic.
privileges, and often inscribed on stone or copper) Ya1jn5. Ka1v. Ra1jat. &c.; a writing,
deed, written contract or agreement W.; any written book or work of authority, scripture
(= %{zAstra}) ib.; teaching, instruction, discipline, doctrine (also= `" faith "', `" religion
"') MBh. Ka1m. Katha1s.; a message (see comp.); self-control W.
saat * = 1 a Taddhita affix which when put after a word denotes a total change of
anything into the thing expressed by that word (see {agni-}, {bhasma-sAt} &c.) \\ * = 2 a
Sautra root meaning `" to give pleasure "' Pn. Vop. \\ 3 n. N. of Brahman L.
saati * = 1 f. gaining, obtaining, acquisition, winning of spoil or property RV.; a gift,
oblation L.; N. of a teacher (having the patr. {auSTrAkSi}) Cat. \\ 2 f. end, destruction
L.; violent pain ib. \\3 (for 1. and 2. see p. 1196, col. 3)N. of a metre Ping. \\ 3 (for 1. and
2. see p. 1196, col. 3)N. of a metre Ping
saath * = cl. 10. P. {sATayati}, to make visible or manifest Dhtup. xxxv, 84.
saatmataa* = (%{sA7tma4-}) f. community of essence or nature with (gen. instr., or
comp.) S3Br. MBh.; absorption into the essence (of Brahma1) MW.
saaTopa = (adj) proud

saatmya * = mfn. agreeable to nature or natural constitution, wholesome Sus3r. Car. ;

m. suitableness, wholesomeness ib. ; habit, habituation, diet (%{-tas} ind., from habit "' ;
ifc. = `" used to "') ib. ; community of essence or nature with (instr. or gen.) BhP.
saatvat * m. pl. (cf. {satvat}) N. of a people Hariv. S'is'. (= {yadu} Sch.)
saatvata *sAtvata f({I})n. relating to the Satvats or the Satvatas, belonging or sacred to
Satvata or Kriishna &c. MBh. Pur.; containing the word {satvat} g. {vimuktA7di}; m. a
king of the Satvats (N. of Kriishna, Bala-deva &c.) MBh. BhP.; (pl.) N. of a people S'is'.
(= {yAdava} Sch.); an adherent or worshipper of Kriishna L.; a partic. mixed caste (the
offspring of an outcaste Vais'ya; accord. to L., `" the son of an outcaste VVais'ya and a
VVais'ya woman who was formerly the witt of a Kshatriya "') Mn. x, 43; N. of a son of
yu or Ans'u Pur.; ({I}) f. see below.
saattvika = to one in goodness
saattvikaM = in the mode of goodness
saattvikaH = in the mode of goodness
saattvikaaH = in goodness
saattvikii = in the mode of goodness
saatya* = mfn. (fr. {satya}, of which it is also the vriiddhi form in comp.) one whose
nature is truth S'Br.; n. N. of a Sman rshB
saatyakiH = Satyaki (the same as Yuyudhana, the charioteer of Lord KRishhNa)

saatvata * = mf({I})n. relating to the Satvats or the Satvatas, belonging or sacred to

Satvata or Kriishna &c. MBh. Pur.; containing the word {satvat} g. {vimuktA7di}; m. a
king of the Satvats (N. of Kriishna, Bala-deva &c.) MBh. BhP.; (pl.) N. of a people S'is'.
(= {yAdava} Sch.); an adherent or worshipper of Kriishna L.; a partic. mixed caste (the
offspring of an outcaste Vais'ya; accord. to L., `" the son of an outcaste VVais'ya and a
VVais'ya woman who was formerly the witt of a Kshatriya "') Mn. x, 43; N. of a son of
yu or Ans'u Pur.; ({I}) f. see below.
saatvika = Pure Planets i.e. Waxing Moon, Jupiter and Mercury
saatya* = mfn. (fr. {satya}, of which it is also the vriiddhi form in comp.) one whose
nature is truth S'Br.; n. N. of a Sman rshBr.
saava m. (fr. 3. %{su}) a Soma libation (cf. %{prAtaH-} and %{sahasra-s-}) RV.
saavadhaana = attentions * =mf(%{A})n. having attention, attentive, heedful, careful
Bhartr2. HParis3.; intent upon doing anything (inf.) Uttamac.; (%{am}) ind. attentively,
cautiously S3ak.
saavana * = mfn. (fr. 1. %{savana}, p. : 190) relating to or determining the three daily
Soma libations i.e. corresponding to the solar time (day, month, year) VarBr2S. Sch.; m.
an institutor of a sacrifice or employer of priests at a sacrifice (= %{yajamAna}) L.; the
conclusion of a sacrifice or the ceremonies by which it is terminated L.; N. of Varun2a L.;
n. scil. (%{mAna}) the correct solar time Nida1nas.
saayaM = evening
saayaMpraataH = both evening \& morning

saayana = The Tropical Zodiac with precession

saayamadhiiyaano = evening studied man
sabala * =({sa4-}) mfn. powerful, strong RV. &c. &c.; together with strength or power L.;
accompanied by a force or army. MBh. R.; together with Bala (Kriishna's eldest brother)
BhP.; m. N. of a son of Manu Bhautya Hariv.; of a son of Vasishthha (and one of the 7
Riishis) MrkP.; of one of the 7 Riishis under Manu S'varna ib.; {-tA} f. (S'nkhBr.), {tva} n. (S'is'.) power, strength; {-vAhana} mfn. with an army and followers Yj. Sch.; {siMha} m. N. of a king Inscr.; {-lAt-kAram} ind. with force, forcibly S'ak.; {-lA7nuga}
mfn. followed by an army MBh. R.; = {sa-balavAhana} MW.
sabaandhavaan.h = along with friends
sabhaa = (f) assembly, meeting
sabhaajita * = mfn. served, honoured, gratified, pleased MBh. R. &c.; praised, celebrated
BhP.
sabhaasada = literally one who sits in the assembly
sabhya * = mfn. being in an assembly-hall or meeting-room, belonging to or fit for an
assembly or court, suitable to good society, courteous, polite, refined, civilized, not
vulgar, decorous (as speech) AV. &c. &c.; being at the court of (gen.) Va1s., Introd.; m.
an assistant at an assembly or council, (esp.) an assessor, judge Mn. MBh. &c.; the
keeper of a gambling. house W.; a person of honourable parentage ib.; N. of one of the
five sacred fires (see %{paJcA7gni}) Ka1tyS3r. Mn. iii, 100, 185 Kull.

sachanta = to accompany, procure

sachiva = (m) minister
sachetaaH = in my consciousness
sachchhabdaH = the sound sat
sadaa = always
sadas *= n. (accord. to some also f.) a seat, residence, abode, dwelling, place of meeting,
assembly (esp. at a sacrifice ; %{sa4dasas-pa4ti} m. = %{sa4das-pa4ti} ; %{sadasi}, `"
in public "') RV. &c. &c. ; a shed erected in the sacrificial enclosure to the east of the
Pra1ci1navan6s3a AV. VS.: Br. MBh. Hariv. ; du. heaven and earth (= %{dyAvApRthivI}) Naigh. iii, 30. [Cf. Gk. $.]
sadasad *= for %{-asat} in comp. ; %{-Atmaka} mf(%{ikA})n. having the nature both of
entity and non-entity Mn. Hariv. BhP. ; n. original germ L. ; %{-AtmatA} f. the having
the nature both of entity and non-entity BhP. ; %{-bhAva} m. reality and unreality, truth
and falsehood Sa1ntis3. ; %{-rUpa} mf(%{A})n. having the appearance of being and nonbeing BhP. ; %{-viveka} m. discrimination between true and false or betbetween good
and bad W. [1137,2] ; %{-vyakti-hetu} m. the cause of the discrimdiscrimination
between true and false or betbetween good and bad MW.
sadasat *= mfn. being and not being, real and unreal BhP. ; true and false (see n.) ;
good and bad VarBr2S. ; m. pl. the ggood and the bbad Ra1jat. ; n. what is existent
and non-exexistence (also du.) BhP. ; the true and the false Ka1v. ; good and evil Ragh.
; du. existence and nonexexistence, truth and falsehood MW. ; %{-khyAti-vicAra} m. N.

of wk. ; %{-tva} n. existence and non-exexistence BhP. ; %{-pati} m. a lord of what is

existent and non-exexistence Pan5car. ; %{-phala}, (ibc.) good and evil consequences,
%{-la-maya}, mf[%{I}]n. consisting of ggood and eevil cconsequences MaitrUp.
VarBr2S.
9 sAdasata mfn. containing the words %{sat} and %{asa4} g. %{vimuktA7di}.
sadhana * =n. (i.e.7. {sa} + {dh-}) common property S'Br.; mfn. possessing riches,
wealthy, opulent R. VarBriS.; together with riches Kaths.; {-tA} f. wealthiness Prasang.
sadaachaar = good conduct / behaviour
sadaananda = ever joyous
sadaasaa * mfn. (nom.pl. {-sAH}) alwalways gaining (superl. {-tama}) RV.; alwalways
subsisting abundantly ib.
sadaashiva = a form of Shiva
sadaiva = always
sadasat.h = to cause and effect
sadasya * = m. `" present in the sacrificial enclosure, an assessor, spectator, member of
an assembly (at a sacrifice), a superintending priest, the seventeenth priest (whose duties
accord. to the Kushtakins, are merely to look on and correct mistakes) TS. Br. GriS'rS.
MBh. BhP.; a person belonging to a learned court-circle Jtakam.
sadaya = compassionate

sadbhih *V = gradually elevated in position SB 3.21.13; by those of gentle manner

SB 4.2.10; by honest men SB 6.2.27; by the association of such saintly persons SB
10.10.17; by well-behaved persons SB 10.74.36; by My pure devotees SB 11.11.25; by
Your pure devotees such as Nrada SB 11.11.26-27
sadbuddhiM = sat.h+buddhiM, good+awareness(loosely speaking:mind)
sadgamay a = sat.h and gamaya: Truth and lead(causal of 'go')
sadhana * = n. (i.e.7. %{sa} + %{dh-}) common property S3Br.; mfn. possessing riches,
wealthy, opulent R. VarBr2S.; together with riches Katha1s.; %{-tA} f. wealthiness
Prasan3g.
sadhavaa``*= f. id. (cf. %{vi-dhavA}).
sad.hbhav e = in the sense of the nature of the Supreme
sadhUma * + a. veiled in smoke.
sadoshhaM = with fault
sadodita = always, constant
sadrisha = (adj) similar, looking like
sadrishaM = accordingly

sadrishaH = like
sadrishii = like that
sadris' * = mfn. (nom. {sadR4G} or {sadRk}; n. pl. {sadRMzi}) = {sadRkSa} (with instr.
or ifc.) RV. &c. &c.; fit, proper, just, right MW.
sadris'a* = mf({I}, once in R. {A})n. like, resembling, similar to (gen. instr., loc "', or
comp.) or in (instr. loc., or comp.) RV. &c. &c. (accord. to Pat. on Pn. 6-2, 11 Vrtt. 2
also compounded with a gen. e.g. {dAsyAH-s-}, {vRSalyAH-s-}); conformable, suitable,
fit, proper, right, worthy MBh. Kv. &c.; ({am}) ind. suitably, well Uttarar.
sadupayoga = correct or right use derived from sat.h + upayoga
sadyaH = instantly
sadyah = immediately
sadyas * = ind. (fr. 7. {sa+dyu}; cf. {sadi4vas}) on the same day, in the very moment
(either `" at once "', `" immediately "' or `" just "', `" recently "') RV. &c. &c.; daily, every
day RV. AV. AitBr. MBh.
sah* =1 cl. 1. A1. (Dha1tup. xx, 22) %{sa4hate} (Ved. and ep. also %{-ti} and
exceptionally %{sAhati}, once in MBh. 1. sg. %{sahyAmi}; p. %{sa4hat} %{sa4hamAna}
[q.v.]; pf. %{sche}, %{sasAha}; Ved. also %{sasA8he4} and %{sAsAhat}; %{sAsa4hat};
%{sAsahISTA4H}, {sAsahyAma}3{sAsahyA4ma}; p. %{sehAna4}, %{sAsahAna4}, %
{sA8sahva4s} and %{sAhva4s} [q.v.]; aor. %{asAkSi}, %{sAkSi}, %{sAkSate} RV.; %
{sAkSIt} GopBr.; %{sakSati} AV.; %{sakSat}, %{sA4kSAma} RV.; Impv. %{sakSi}, %

{sA8kSva} ib.; p. %{sa4kSat} ib.; %{a4sahisTa} RV.; Prec. %{sahyAs}, %{sAhyA4ma}

ib.; %{sAkSIya}. AV.; %{sA4hiSIma4hi} RV.; fut. %{soDhA} MBh. &c.; %{sahitA} Gr.; %
{sakSyati} MBh., %{-te} Br.; %{sAkSye} [?] AV.; %{-sahiSyati}, %{-te} MBh.; Cond. %
{asahisyat} ib.; inf %{sa4hadhyai} RV. Ka1t2h.; %{sA4Dhyai} MaitrS.; %{soDhum}, %
{sahitum} MBh.; ind. p. %{soDhvA} A1pS3r. Sch.; %{sAdhvA}, %{sahitvA} Gr.; %
{sa4hya} RV. &c.; %{sa4ham} Br.), to prevail, be victorious; to overcome, vanquish,
conquer, defeat (enemies), gain, win (battles) RV. AV. Br. R. Bhat2t2.; to offer violence
to (acc.) AitBr. S3Br. [1193,1]; to master, suppress, restrain MBh. R. &c.; to be able to or
capable of (inf. or loc.) ib.; to bear up against, resist, with. stand AV. &c. &c.; to bear, put
up with, endure, suffer, tolerate (with %{na}, `" to grudge "') MBh. Ka1v. &c.; to be
lenient towards, have patience with any one (gen.) Bhag.; to spare any one Ma1rkP.
Pan5cat.; to let pass, approve anything Sarvad.; (with %{kalam}, %{kala-kSepam} &c.)
to bide or wait patiently for the right time Ka1v. Katha1s.: Caus. or cl. 10. %{sAhayati}
(aor. %{asISahat}), to forbear Dha1tup. xxxiv, 4: Desid. of Caus. %{sisAhayiSati} Pa1n2.
8-3, 62?: Desid. %{sI4kSate} (p. %{sI4kSat}; accord. to Pa1n2. 8-3, 61, also %
{sisahiSa}), to wish to overcome RV. TS.: Intens. %{sAsaSyate}, %{sAsoDhi} (cf %
{sA8sahi4} Gr. [Cf. %{sahas} and $ for $; $, $.]
sah* = 2 (strong form %{sAh}) mfn. bearing, enduring, overcoming (ifc.; see %
{abhimAti-SA4h} &c.)
sah* = 3 cl. 4. P. %{sahyati}, to satisfy, delight Dha1tup. xxvi, 20; to be pleased ib.; to
bear, endure (cf. 1. %{sah}) ib.
saha = With * = mf(%{A})n. powerful, mighty RV.; (ifc.) overcoming, vanquishing MBh.;
bearing, enduring, withstanding, defying, equal to, a match for (gen. or comp.) MBh.
Ka1v. &c.; causing, effecting, stimulating, exerting S3is3.; able to, capable of (inf. cr

comp.) Ka1lid. S3is3. Katha1s.; m. the month Ma1rgas3i1rsha (see %{sahas}) VS. S3Br.
Car.; a partic. Agni MBh.; a species of plant AV.; N. of a son of Manu Hariv.; of a son of
Pra7n2a and U1sjasvati1 BhP.; of a son of Dhr2itara1shi7ra MBh.; of a son of Kr2ishn2a
and Ma1dri1 BhP.; (%{A}) f. the earth L.; (with Buddhists) N. of a division of the world
(with %{loka-dhAtu}, `" the world inhabited by men "') Ka1ran2d2.; N. of various plants
(accord. to L. = Aloe Perfoliata, %{daNDo7patA}, %{rAsnA} &c.) VarBr2S. Sus3r.;
Unguis Odoratus L.; n. = %{bala} L.; kind of salt L. 1.\\2 ind. (prob. fr. 7. %{sa+dhA},
which in Veda may become %{dha}; cf. 1. %{sadha}) together with, along with, with
(with %{grah} and %{A-dA}, `" to take with one "'; with %{dA}, to give to take away with
one "'; with %{kRtvA} and acc., `" taking with one, `" in the company of "'; often as a
prep. governing instr. case, but generally placed after the governed word e.g. %
{tena@saha}, `" along with him "' [1193,3]; exceptionally with abl. e.g. %
{aizvaryAt@saha}, `" with sovereignty "' Ca1n2. 104); in common, in company, jointly,
conjointly, in concert (often used as a prefix in comp., expressing `" community of action
"', e.g. %{sahA7dhyayana} q.v.; or forming adjectives expressing `" the companion of an
action "', e.g. %{saha-cara} q.v.); at the same time or simultaneously with (prefixed to
adverbs of time e.g. %{saha-pUrvA7hNam} q.v.; rarely ifc. e.g. %{vainateya-s-}, `" with
Vainateya "' Hariv.) RV. &c. &c.; m. a companion L.; (%{A}) f. a female companion BhP.
saha.nsha = Special positions or points signifying important events in life. They are
somewhat similar to Arabic parts
sahaH = force, strangth (neut)
sahaja = the karma to which one is born
sahaja-bhaava = House of Siblings or 3rd

sahajaM = born simultaneously

sahate = (1 ap) to bear
sahadevaH = Sahadeva
sahanavavatu = saha + nau + avatu: together + us + (You)protect
sahanau = together us
sahasaa = (adv) hastily, perforce * (instr. of {sahas}), forcibly, vehemently, suddenly,
quickly, precipitately, immediately, at once, unexpectedly, at random, fortuitously, in an
unpremeditated manner, inconsiderately (with instr. `" together with
sahastraavartanaat.h = according to the prescribed shAstrA cycle
sahasra = one thousand
sahasraM = 1000 times
sahasrakritvaH = a thousand times
sahasrapaat.h = thousand-footed
sahasrabaaho = O thousand-handed one
sahasrashaH = thousands

sahasrashiirshhaa = thousand-headed
sahasrasya = of many thousands
sahasraantaaM = similarly, ending after one thousand
sahasraara = the thousand-petalled lotus within the cerebral cavity
sahasraakshaH = thousand-eyed
sahasreNa = by thousand
sahasreshhu = out of many thousands
sahaaya = helper, friend, ally
sahaasaM = with smile
sahitaM = with
saH = He
sainika *= mfn. relating or belonging to an army , military , martial , drawn up in
martial array MBh. R. &c. ; m. an army-man , soldier , guard , sentinel , a body of forces
in array ib. ; N. of a son of S3ambara Hariv.
s'aila * mf({I})n. (fr. {zilA}) made of stone, stony, rocky MBh. Hariv. &c.; stone-like,
rigid (with {Asana} n. a partic. manner of sitting) Cat.; m. (ifc. f. {A}) a rock, crag, hill,

mountain (there are seven [or, accord, to some, eight] mythical mountain ranges
separating the divisions of the earth, viz. {niSadha}, {hema-kUTa}, {nIla}, {zveta},
{zRngin}, {mAlyavat}, {gandha-mAdana} VP.) Mn. MBh. &c.; N. of the number `" seven
"' Ganit.; a dike MW.; ({A}) f. N. of a nun DivyA7v.; ({I}) f. see below; n. (only L.) benzoin
or storax; bitumen; a sort of collyrium.
sainikaH = (m) soldier * = mfn. relating or belonging to an army, military, martial,
drawn up in martial array MBh. R. &c.; m. an army-man, soldier, guard, sentinel, a body
of forces in array ib.; N. of a son of S3ambara Hariv.
sainya * = mfn. belonging to or proceeding from an army MBh. Hariv.; m. (ifc. f. {A}) a
soldier (pl. `" troops "') R.; an army MBh. Rjat.; a sentinel, guard L.; n. a body of
troops, army MBh. R. &c.; a camp VarBriS.
sainyasya = of the soldiers
saishhaa = saa+eshhA, that feminine formsagadgadaM = with a faltering voice
sajala = With water
sajja = adorned, equipped *= mf(%{A})n. fixed, prepared, equipped, ready for (dat. loc.
inf., or comp.) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; fit for everything (said of hands and feet) Pan5cad. ;
dressed in armour, armed, fortified L. ; having a bowstring, strung, placed on a bowstring (in these senses often a mere v.l. for %{sa-jya} q.v.) MBh. R. ; (%{A}) f.
equipment, armour, mail L. ; dress, decoration L.
sajjate = becomes attached

sajjana = good man

sajjante = they become engaged
sakalaapadaam.h = all dangers'
sakaaraNam.h = with reason
sakaasha = company
sakala = the entire
sakalaani = all
sakaruNa * = mfn. lamentable, pitiable, piteous, full of pity (%{am} ind. `" piteously "') Mr2icch.
Ratna7v. Hit.; tender, compassionate (%{am} ind. `" compassionately "') S3ak. BhP.

s'akra * = mf({A4})n. strong, powerful, mighty (applied to various gods, but esp. to
Indra) RV. AV. TBr. Lthy.; m. N. of Indra MBh. Kv. &c.; of an ditya MBh. Hariv.; of
the number, fourteen "' Ganit.; Wrightia Antidysenterica L.; Terminalia Arjuna L.
s'aakra * = mf({I})n. (fr. {zakra}) relating or belonging or sacred to or addressed to
Indra MBh. VarBriS. Kaths.; ({I}) f. Indra's wife (also applied to Durg) Pur.; n. the
Nakshatra Jyeshthh (presided over by Indra) VarBriS.
sakrit.h = (ind) once
sakrit *= 1 mfn. (fr. 7. %{sa} + 1. %{kRt}) acting at once or simultaneously AV. xi, 1, 10 ;

ind. at once, suddenly, forthwith, immediately RV. Br. S3rS. Mn. MBh. ; once (= semel,
with %{a4hnaH}, `" once a day "' ; repeated = `" in each case only once "') RV. &c. &c. ;
once, formerly, ever (with %{mA} = `" never "' Ka1v. VarYogay. ; once for all, for ever
ChUp. Ka1v. Ma1rkP. ; at once, together W. [For cognate words see under 7. %{sa}.]
sakridapi = once even
sakta = attached
saktaM = attached
saktaH = attached/engrossed/absorbed
saktah = capable of
saktaaH = being attached
sakti * f. adherence, attachment, devotion or addiction to, indulgence or perseverance in,
occupation with (loc. or comp.) Mn. Kir. Kaths. (cf. {a-pras-} and {ati-pras-});
occurrence, practicability ({-timpra} {yA}, `" to be practicable "') Rjat.; (in
gram.)bearing upon, applicability (of a rule) RPrt. Sch.; connection, association W.;
inference, conclusion ib.; a topic of conversation ib.; acquisition ib.
sakti * f. connexion, entwinement (of creepers) Kir.; clinging or adhering to (loc. or
comp.), attachment, addiction (esp. to worldly objects) S'is'. Rjat. Sarvad.
s'a4kti * =or f. power, ability, strength, might, effort, energy, capability ({zaktyA} or
{Atma-z-} or {sva-z-}, `" according to ability "'

s'akti4 * =f. power, ability, strength, might, effort, energy, capability ({zaktyA} or {Atmaz-} or {sva-z-}, `" according to ability "'; {paraM zaktyA}, with all one's might "'; {vittazaktyA}, `" according to the capability of one's property "'; {zaktim a-hApayitvA}, `" not
relaxing one's efforts, exerting all one's strength "'), faculty, skill, capacity for, power
over (gen. loc. dat., or inf.) RV. &c. &c.; effectiveness or efficacy (of a remedy) S'rngS.;
regal power (consisting of three parts, {prabhutva}, personal pre-eminence; {mantra},
good counsel, and {utsAha}, energy) Km. (cf. Ragh. iii, 13); the energy or active power
of a deity personified as his wife and worshipped by the S'kta (q.v.) sect of Hinds under
various names (sometimes only three, sometimes eight S'akti goddesses are enumerated,
as follow, Indrni, Vaishnav, S'nt, Brahmn, Kaumri, Nrasinh, Vrh, and
Mhes'var, but some substitute Cmund and Cndik for the third and sixth of these:
according to another reckoning there are nine, viz. Vaishnav, Brahmni, Raudri,
Mhes'var, Nrasinh, Vrh, Indran, Krttik, and Pradhn: others reckon fifty
different forms of the S'akti of Vishnu besides Lakshm, some of these are Krtti, Knti,
Tushthi, Pushth, Dhriiti. S'nti, Kriy, Day, Medh &c.; and fifty forms of the S'akti of
S'iva or Rudra besides Durg "' or Gaur, some of whom are Guno7dar, Viraj, Slmali,
Lola7kshi, Vartula7ksh, Drgha-ghon, Sudirgha-mukh, Go-mukh, Dirgha-jihv,
Kundo7dar, Ardha-kes', Vikriita-mukh, Jvl-mukhi, Ulkmukhi &c.; Sarasvati is also
named as a S'akti, both of Vishnu and Rudra: according to the Vyu-Purna the female
nature of Rudra became twofold, one half {asita} or white, and the other {sita} or black,
each of these again becoming manifold, those of the white or mild nature included
Lakshm, Sarasvati, Gaur, Um &c.; those of the dark and fierce nature, Durg, Kli
&c.) Kv. Kaths. Pur. (cf. RTL. 181 &c. MWB. 216); the female organ (as worshipped by
the S'kta sect either actually or symbolically) RTL. 140; the power or signification of a
word (defined in the Nyya as {padasya padA7rthe} {sambandhaH} i.e. `" the relation of
a word to the thing designated "') Bhshp. Sh.; (in Gram.) case-power, the idea
conveyed by a case (= {kAraka}) Pn. 2-3, 7 Sch.; the power or force or most effective

word of a sacred text or magic formula Up. Pacar.; the creative power or imagination
(of a poet) Kvya7d.; help, aid, assistance, gift, bestowal RV.; a spear, lance, pike, dart
RV. &c. (also {zaktI} g. {bahv-Adi}); a sword MW.; (prob.) a flag-staff (see {ratha-z-})
[1044, 3]; a partic. configuration of stars and planets (when the latter are situated in the
7th, 8th, 9th, and 10th astrological house), VirBriS.; m. N. of a Muni or sage (the eldest
of Vasishthha's hundred sons; accord. to VP. he was father of Pars'ara, and was
devoured by king Kalmsha-pda, when changed to a man-eating Rkshasa, in
consequence of a curse pronounced upon him by the sage; he is represented as having
overcome Vis'vmitra at the sacrifice of king Saudsa; he is regarded as the author of
RV. vii, 32, 26; ix, 97, 19-21; 108, 3; 14-16; S'akti is also identified with one of the
Vylsas, and with Avalokite7s'vara, and has elsewhere the patr. Jtukarna and Snkriiti)
Pravar. MBh. &c.
s'am *= 1 cl. 4. P. (Dha1tup. xxvi , 92) , %{zA4myati} (rarely %{-te} , and ep. also %
{zanati} , %{-te} ; Ved. %{zamyati} , %{zimyati} , and cl. 9. %{zamnAti} [Naigh. ii , 9] , %
{zamnISe} , %{zamnIthAs} Impv. %{zamnISva} , %{zamISva} , %{zamiSva} , %
{zamIdhvam} ; pf. %{zazAma} , %{zemuH} Br. &c. ; %{zazame4} Subj. %{zaza4mate}
RV. ; p. %{zazamAna4} [q.v.] ; aor. %{a4zamiSThAs} RV. ; %{azamat} Br. [cf. pres.] ;
Prec. %{zamyAt} Gr. ; fut. %{zamizA} , %{zamiSyati} ib. ; ind. p. %{zamitvA} , %
{zAntvA} , %{zA8mam} ib.) , to toil at , fatigue or exert one's self (esp. in performing
ritual acts) RV. TBr. ; to prepare , arrange VS. ; to become tired , finish , stop , come to
an end , rest , be quiet or calm or satisfied or contented TS. S3Br. &c. ; to cease , be
allayed or extinguished MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; cl. 9. (cf. above) to put an end to , hurt , injure ,
destroy Ka1t2h.: Pass. %{zamyate} (aor. %{azami}) Pa1n2. 7-3 , 34: Caus. %{zama4yati}
(m. c. also %{zAmayati} ; aor. %{azIzamat} ; Pass. %{zAmyate}) , to appease , allay ,
alleviate , pacify , calm , soothe , settle RV. &c. &c. ; to put to an end or to death , kill ,
slay , destroy , remove , extinguish. sup. press TS. &c. &c. ; to leave off , desist MBh. ; to

conquer , subdue Ka1lid. Bhat2t2.: Desid. %{zizamiSati} Gr.: Intens. %{zaMzamIti}

(Ba1lar.) , %{zaMzamyate} , %{zaMzanti} (Gr.) , to be entirely appeased or extinguished
(pf. %{zaMzamAM@cakruH} Bhat2t2.). [Cf. Gk. $] , &318859[1053 ,3]\\ 2 ind. (g. %
{cA7di} and %{svar-Adi}) auspiciously , fortunately , happily , well (frequently used in
the Veda , rarely in later language ; often to be translated by a subst. , esp. in the frequent
phrase %{za4M@yo4H} or %{za4M@ca@yo4z@ca} , `" happiness and welfare "' ,
sometimes joined with the verbs %{bhU} , as , %{kR} , %{dAvah} , %{yA} , sometimes
occurring without any verb ; with dat. or gen. [cf. Pa1n2. 2-3 , 73 Sch.] ; in some cases
corresponding to an adj. e.g. %{zaM@tad@asmai} , that is pleasant to him) RV. &c. &c.
s'amala * = n. (Un2. i, iii) impurity, sin, blemish, fault, harm AV. TS. Ka1t2h. Kaus3.
BhP.; feces, ordure L
s'auca * = m. (fr. %{zuci}) N. of a man (also called A1hneya) TA1r.; n. cleanness, purity,
purification (esp. from defilement caused by the death of a relation) A1s3vS3r. Mn. MBh.
&c.; purity of mind, integrity, honesty (esp. in money-matters) MBh. R. &c.; (with
Buddhists) self-purification (both external and internal) MWB. 240; evacuation of
excrement MW.
sakthinii = pivotal region?
sakhaa = friend
sakhi = friend
sakhiin.h = friends
sakhaiva = like a friend

sakhya * = n. friendship, intimacy with, relation to (loc. or instr. with and without
{samam}, {saha} &c.), fellowship, community RV. &c. &c.
sakhyuH = with a friendsa.MmuuDhabhaavin.h = adj. deluded
saksha* = mfn. (fr. {sah}) overpowering TS. TBr.
saMroha * = m. growing over TS.; curing, healing Sus3r.; growing up, bursting forth or
into view, appearance BhP.
sala* =. (cf. {sara}) a dog L.; water L.
salakshmaNaH = with LakshmaNa
salila = water
sha *= (only L.; for 3. {Sa} see below) best, excellent; wise, learned; m. loss, destruction;
loss of knowledge; end, term; rest, remainder; eternal happiness, final emancipation;
heaven, paradise; sleep; a learned man, teacher; a nipple; = {kaca}; = {mAnava}; =
{sarva}; = {garbhavimocana}; n. the embryo; (accord.to some) patience, endurance.
saM* = (in comp.) = 2. {sam} q.v.
sam* = 1 or {stam} cl. 1. P. {samati} or {stamati}, to be disturbed (accord. to some `" to
be undisturbed "'; cf. {zam}) Dhtup. xix, 82; cl. 10. P. {samayati} or {stamayati}, to be
agitated or disturbed Vop.

sam* = 2 ind. (connected with 7. {sa} and 2. {sama}, and opp. to 3. {vi} q.v.) with,
together with, along with, together, altogether (used as a preposition or prefix to verbs
and verbal derivatives, like Gk. $, &348389[1152, 1] Lat. {con}, and expressing `"
conjunction "', `" union "', `" thoroughness "', `" intensity "', `" completeness "' e.g.
{saMyuj}, `" to join together "'; {saM-dhA}, `" to place together "'; {saM-dhi}, `" placing
together "'; {saM-tap}, `" to consume utterly by burning "'; {sam-uccheda}, `"
destroying altogether, complete destruction "'; in Ved. the verb connected with it has
sometimes to be supplied, e.g. {A4po agni4m yaza4saH sa4M hi4 pUrvI4ih}, `" for many
glorious waters surrounded Agni "'; it is sometimes prefixed to nouns in the sense of 2.
{sama}, `" same "'; cf. {samartha}) RV. &c. &c.
samaahita *= mfn. put or held together joined assembled , combined , united (pl. `" all
taken together "') S3Br. MBh. &c. ; joined or furnished or provided with (instr. or comp.)
ib. ; put to , added (as fuel to fire) AV. ; put or placed in or upon , directed , applied ,
fixed , imposed , deposited , entrusted , delivered over ib. &c. &c. ; composed , collected ,
concentrated (as the thoughts upon , with loc.) ; one who has collected his thoughts or is
fixed in abstract meditation , quite devoted to or intent upon (with loc.) , devout ,
steadfast , firm Up. MBh. &c. ; put in order , set right , adjusted R. ; suppressed ,
repressed , lowered (as speech) L. ; made , rendered Hariv. ; completed , finished , ended
MBh. ; concluded , inferred , demonstrated , established L. ; granted , admitted ,
recognised , approved A1past. Hariv. ; corresponding or equal to , like , resembling
(comp.) R. Hariv. ; harmonious , sounding faultlessly L. ; m. a pure or holy man MW. ;
n. great attention or intentness MW. ; (in rhet.) a partic. kind of comparison Va1m. iv , 3
, 29 ; %{-dhI} mfn. one who has concentrated his thoughts in devotion , Bhp. ; %{-mati}
mfn. one who has an attentive mind Ya1jn5. Sch. ; %{-manas} mfn. having the mind
absorbed in (anything) MW. ; %{-mano-buddhi} mfn. having the mind or thoughts
collected or composed R. ; %{-tA7tman} (%{saMA4h-}) mfn. one whose spirit is united

with (instr.) S3Br.

samaapa *= m. sacrificing , offering oblations to the gods (= %{deva-yajana}) Vop.
samaarabdha * = mfn. taken in hand, undertaken, begun (also, begun to be built "')
MBh. Ka1v. &c.; one who has begun or commenced MBh.; happened, occurred R.; %{tara} mfn. more frequent Nida1nas.
samaarabh* =A1. %{-rabhate} (rarely P. %{-ti}), to take in hand, undertake, begin,
commence (with acc. or inf.; ind. p. %{-rabhya} with acc.= `" begining from "') TS. &c.
&c.; to try to get near to or propitiate MBh.
samaanita * =mfn. brought together or near, brought, conducted, convoked, assembled
samaahva * = m. calling out, mutual calling, challenge, defiance W.; ({I}) f. id. ib.; ({A})
f. a partic. plant (= {go-jihvA}). L.; mfn. (fr. {sam} + {AhvA}) bearing the same name
S'is'.
samaaH = like
samaakula = (adj) confused, bewildered
samaagataaH = assembled
samaachara = do perfectly
samaacharan.h = practicing

samaachiina = appropriate, apt, proper

samaaja = Society
samaajasevaa = social service benefiting society
samaadhaatuM = to fix
samaadhaaya = fixing
samaadhinaa = by complete absorption
samaadhividhaana = in the state of trance
samaadhisthasya = of one situated in trance
samaadhii = state where the aspirant is one with the object of his meditation
samaadhau = in the controlled mind
samaadis *= P. %{-dizati}, to assign, allot Mn. MBh. R. ; to point out, indicate,
announce, communicate, declare Ka1v. VarBr2S. BhP. ; to appoint, name, designate
MBh. R. &c. ; to foretell, foreshow Ka1v. Katha1s. ; to direct, advise, order, command to
(dat. inf., or %{-artham}) S3rS. MBh. &c.: Caus. %{-dezayati}, to order, command
Pan5cat.
samaadishtha *= mfn. assigned, indicated, directed, commanded, enjoined MBh. Ka1v.
&c.

samaahara* = mfn. crushing together, destroying R. {-AharaNa} n. bringing together,

collection, accumulation, combination, composition W.
samaahaara* = m. seizing, taking hold of. Griihys.; aggregation, summing up, sum,
totality, collection, assemblage, multitude MBh. Kv. &c.; (in gram.) conjunction or
connecting of words or sentences (as by the particle {ca}) Sank. Prt. Sch. Pn. Sch.;
compounding of words, a compound (esp. applied to a Dvamdva whose last member is in
the neuter gender [e.g. {ahi-nakulam}, `" a snake and an ichneumon "'], or to a Dvigu,
when it expresses an aggregate; see {trilokI}). Pn.; = {pratyAhAra} Vop (cf. IW. 169 n.
1); withdrawal (of the senses from the world) Km.; contraction, abridgment L.; -varma
m. N. of the diphthongs {ai} and {au} Pat,
samaahartuM = in destroying
samaahita = (adj) content, satisfied
samaahitaH = approached completely
samaahrita * = mfn. brought together, collected, fetched MBh. Ka1v. &c.; gathered,
assembled, met Hariv. Ragh. BhP.; taken together, contracted, combined, all Ka1s3.
Katha1s.; drawn (as a bowstring) Kathals.; related, told BhP.; accepted, received, taken
W.
samaahriti * = f. taking together, collecting (= %{saMgraha}) L.; withdrawal (of the
senses) from (abl.) L.
samaahritya * = ind. (taking) together, all at once TBr. Kaus3.

samaakhyaakhyAya* = mfn. to be addressed or exhorted past. (v.l.)

samaakhyaakhyAyam* = ind. while mentioning by name (in {aGga-s-}) AitBr.
samaakhyaa* = P. {-khyAti}, to reckon up, count up, calculate, enumerate Mn. MBh. R.;
to relate fully, report, communicate, tell, declare MBh. Kv. &c.
samaakhyaa* = f. name, appellation Nir. Kan. BhP.; explanation, interpretation Sarvad.;
report, fame, celebrity L.; {-bhakSa} m. drinking the Soma while mentioning by name
(the partic. receptacles for holding it) s'vS'r. Sch.
samaana = identical, likeness, comparable *= m. (for %{samAna} and %{sa-mAna} see
p. 1160) one of the five vital airs (that which circulates about the navel and is essential to
digestion; it is personified as a son of Sa1dhya) AV. &c. &c.\\ samAna mf(%{I4}, or %
{A})n. (connected with 1. and 2. %{sama}; in RV. v, 87, 4 abl. sg. %{samAna4smAs} for
%{samAnA4t} see 1. %{sama}; for %{sam-ana} see %{sam-an}, for %{sa-mAna} see col.
3) same, identical uniform, one (= %{eka} L.) RV. &c. &c.; alike, similar, equal (in size,
age, rank, sense or meaning &c.), equal or like to (with instr. gen., or comp.) VS. &c. &c.;
having the same place or organ of utterance, honogeneous (as a sound or letter) Vop.;
holding the middle between two extremes, middling moderate BhP.; common, general,
universal all RV. Br. S3rS. BhP.; whole (as a number opp to `" a fraction "') Pa1n2. 5-2,
47 Va1rtt. 4; being (= %{sat}, after an adj.) Divya1v.; virtuous, good L.; %{-varNa-bhid}
L.; (%{am}) ind. like, equally with (instr.) Kir.; m.an equal. friend TBr. Ca1n2. BhP.; (%
{I}) f. a kind of metre Pin3g.; (prob.) n. N. of wk. (cf. %{zAkhA-s-}).\\1 mfn. (for %
{samAna} see col. 1; for %{sam-Ana} see p. 1154, col. 2)possessing honour or esteem,
honoured by (gen.) Vet.; with anger BhP. \\ 2 mfn. (for 1. see above) having the same
measure L.

samaanaaH = (Masc.nom.pl) are equal

samaanyaa *= ind. equally, jointly, together RV. MaitrS.
samaaptam.h = is complete or over
samaapnoshhi = You cover
samaasad *= P. %{-sIdati}, to be take one's self to, come near to, approach or advance
to, reach, arrive at (acc.) MBh. R. &c. ; to meet, encounter (either in a friendly or hostile
manner), attack, assail MBh. ; to attain, obtain, meet with, find, recover Ra1jat.
Katha1s.: Caus. %{-sAdayati} (ind. p. %{-sAdya} q.v.), to come to, to approach, advance
to, arrive at, fall or get into, reach, attain, incur MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; meet, encounter (a
friend or enemy), attack, assail ib. ; to hit (as an arrow) MBh. ; to accrue to (acc.) Ra1jat.
samaas'ritya V= resorting to
samaasa = compound word
samaasataH = in summary
samaasena = in summary
samaarambhaaH = attempts
samaaroha = programme
samaavishhTaH = absorbed

samaavritaH = covered
samaayaa* = P. {-yAti}, to come together, meet MBh. Kv. &c.; to come near, approach,
come from (abl.) or to (acc. or loc.), go to or towards (acc.) ib.; to elapse, pass away
MBh.; to fall upon, get into any state or condition (acc.) Pacat. Rjat.
samaaya* = m. a visit, arrival W.
samaayuktaH = keeping in balance
sama = Equal
samabhaava* = m. equability, homogeneousness Bhm. HParis'.; mfn. of like nature or
property W
samabuddhayaH = equally disposed
samabuddhiH = having equal intelligence
samachittaH = equal-minded/equanimity
samachittatvaM = equilibrium
samada = furious
samaadatta *= mfn. taken away, taken hold of, seized, received BhP.
samadarshanaH = seeing equally

samadarshinaH = who see with equal vision

samadhigachchhati = attains
samagra mf(%{A4})n. (see 2. %{sam}) all, entire, whole, complete, each, every (ibc. =
`" fully "', `" entirely "'; n. `" all, everything "') AV.&c. &c.; fully provided with (instr. or
comp.) Ma1lav. Ka1vya7d.; one who has everything or wants nothing MBh. R.
samagraM = in total
samagraan.h = all
samaH = equipoised
samakaala * = m. the same time or moment W. ; (ibc. or %{am}, once also %{e} [v.l.])
ind. simultaneously Ya1jn5. Ka1v. &c. ; %{-bhava} m. a contemporary of (comp.) Ra1jat.
samakhaata* = n. a cavity having the figure of a regular solid with equal sides, a parallel
epipedon, cylinder &c. Col.
samakonaasana = the sideways leg-splits posture
samaksha *= mfn. being within sight or before the eyes , present , visible S3ak. BhP. ;
(%{a4m} , %{At} , %{e} , and %{a-tas}) ind. before the eyes , visibly , manifestly , in the
sight or presence of (dat. gen. , or comp.) RV. &c. &c. [1153,3]
samam * = 1 &c. see 2. {sama}, p. 1152. \\2 . {-amate}, to ask eagerly, solicit, win over
RV.; to fix or settle firmly ib.; to ally or connect one's self with AV.

samaM = in equanimity
samana * = n. (prob. connected with 2. %{sam}, or 2. %{sama}) meeting (cf. %{asamana4}), assembly, concourse, festival RV. AV.; intercourse, commerce, pursuit RV. i,
48, 6; amorous union, embrace RV. vi, 75, 4 &c.; conflict, strife ib. vi, 73, 3; 5 &c.
(Naigh. ii, 17).
samanantara mf(%{A})n. immediately contiguous to or following (abl. or gen.; %
{yaccA7tra@sam-anantaram}, and what is immediately connected with it "') R. BhP.
Sarvad.; (%{am}) ind. immediately behind or after (gen. or abl. or comp.) MBh. R. &c.
samanta * = mf(%{A})n. `" having the ends together "', contiguous, neighbouring,
adjacent RV. AV. Pan5cavBr.; `" being on every side "', universal, whole, entire, all (%
{sa4mantam} ind., in contiguity or conjunction with "', `" together with "'; %
{samanta4m}, or %{-tAt} or %{-ta-tas} ind. on all sides, around "', or, wholly, completely
"'; %{-tena} ind. `" all round "'; with %{na} = `" nowhere "') AV. &c. &c.; (%{A}) f. (pl.)
neighbour. hood S3Br.; N. of a grammar Col.; n. (also with %{agneH}, %{varuNasya}, or
%{vasiSThasya}) N. of various Samans Br.; n. or m. (?) N. of a country Buddh.
samantataH = from all sides
sama.ntaat.h = from all around
samantaat.h = everywhere
saman * = P. {-aniti}, to breathe, live RV.
samanuvarNita * = m. fn. ( %{varN}) well described or narrated, explained MBh. BhP.

samanuvartin * = mfn. obedient, willing, devoted to (gen.) R.

samanvaya *= &c. see %{sam-anv-i}.\\ m. regular succession or order, connected
sequence or consequence, conjunction, mutual or immediate connection (%{At} ind., in
consequence of "') Kap. Ba1dar. MBh. &c. ; %{-pradIpa} m. %{-pradipa-saMketa} m. %
{sUtra-vivRti} f. N. of wks.
samanvi *= P. %{-eti}, to go together after, follow MW. ; to infer or ensue as a
consequence ib.
samapada * = m. `" holding the feet even "', a partic. posture in sexual union L.; an
attitude in shooting ib.
samapaada * = n. `" holding the feet even "', a partic. posture in dancing Sam2gi1t.; a
posture in shooting L.
samanvi * = P. %{-eti}, to go together after, follow MW.; to infer or ensue as a
consequence ib.
samanvaya * = m. regular succession or order, connected sequence or consequence,
conjunction, mutual or immediate connection (%{At} ind., in consequence of "') Kap.
Ba1dar. MBh. &c.; %{-pradIpa} m. %{-pradipa-saMketa} m. %{sUtra-vivRti} f. N. of
wks.
samanya *= mfn. fit for an assembly or for a festival (as a garment) RV.
samau = in suspension

samanvitaH = qualified* = mfn. connected or associated with, completely possessed of,

fully endowed with, possessing, full of (instr. or comp.) S'vetUp. Mn. MBh. &c.;
corresponding or answering to (comp.) R.
samara = war
samarchaa = well worshipped
samarthanam.h = (n) support
samarpaNa * = n. the act of placing or throwing upon S'Br.; delivering or handing
completely over, consigning, presenting, imparting, bestowing (cf. {Atma-s-}) R. Kaths.
BhP.; making known, communicating S'ank. Sarvad.; (in dram.) angry invective between
personages in a play (one of the 7 scenes which constitute a Bhnik q.v.) Sh.
sam-arpaNarpaNIya * =mfn. to be delivered or handed over or entrusted Kd.
samarpaNarpayitR * =mfn. one who hands over or bestows or imparts (gen. or comp.)
MBh. Hariv.
sam-arpaNarpita * =mfn. thrown or hurled at &c. &c. (see Caus.); placed or fixed in or
on, made over or consigned to (loc. or comp.) S'Br. &c. &c.; restored Hit.; filled with
Lalit.; {-vat} mfn. one who has consigned or delivered over MW.
sam-arpaNarpya * =mfn. to be handed over or consigned Pacar.
sam-arpaka * ={-paNa} &c. see {samR}, p. 1170, col. 3.

sam-arpaka * =mfn. (fr. Caus.) furnishing, yielding ({-tA} f.) S'ank. Sarvad.
samasta = all
samastaM = entire
samastaaH = all; the entire
samasthitii = standing still
samatala = Level surface
samataa = equilibrium
samatitya = transcending
samatiitaani = completely past
samatvaM = equanimity
samatva* = n. equality with (instr. or gen.) KtyS'r. VS. Prt. VarBri. &c.; equanimity
HYog.; uniform conduct towards (loc. or comp.) Bhag. BhP.; equableness, normal
condition Sus'r.
samavadhaa * = P. A1. %{-dadhAti}, %{-dhatte}, to lay or put together A1pS3r.
samavadhaana* = n. the being brought together, meeting, Kusum. Sarvad. Buddh.; great
attention MW.; preparation ib.

samavartataagre = was there before

samavasthitaM = equally situated
samavrittii = prANayAma with equally long inhalation, exhalation, suspension
samavetaaH = assembled
samavetaan.h = assembled
samaya * = time, pact, agreement, bet* = m. (ifc. f. {A}) coming together, meeting or a
place of meeting AV. S'Br.; intercourse with (instr.) Mn. x, 53; coming to a mutual
understanding, agreement, compact, covenant, treaty, contract, arrangement,
engagement, stipulation, conditions of agreement, terms ({ena} or {At} or {-tas},
according to agreement, conditionally "'; {tena samayena}, `" in consequence of this
agreement "'; {samayaM} acc. with {kR}, `" to make an agreement or engagement "', `"
agree with any one [instr. with or without {saha}] "', `" settle "', stipulate "'; with
{samvad} id.; with {dA}, to propose an agreement, offer terms "'; with {brU} or {vac} or
{abhi-dhA}, to state the terms of an agragreement, `" make a promise; with {grah} or
{prati-pad}, `" to enter into an agragreement "', `" make or accept conditions of an
agragreement "'; with {pAl}, or {rakS} or {pari-rahS} &c., `" to keep an agragreement
"', `" keep one's word "'; with {tyaj} or {bhid} or {vy-abhi-car} &c., `" to break an
agragreement "'; abl. with {bhraMz} id.; loc. with {sthA}, `" to keep an engagement, `"
keep one's word "'; acc. with Caus. of {sthA} or of {ni-viz} `" to fix or settle terms "', `"
impose conditions "') TS. &c. &c.; convention, conventional rule or usage, established
custom, law, rule, practice, observance MBh. R. BhP.; order, direction, precept, doctrine
Nir. MBh. S'ank. Sarvad.; (in rhet.) the conventional meaning or scope of a word,

Kusum.; appointed or proper time, right moment for doing anything (gen. or Pot. Pn.
3-3, 68), opportunity, occasion, time, season (ifc. or ibe. or {e} ind., `" at the appointed
time or at the right moment or in good time for "', or `" at the time of "', `" when there is
"'; {tena samayena}, `" at that time "') MBh. Kv. &c.; juncture, circumstances, case
({iha samaye}, under these circumstances "', `" in this case "') Pacat. Hit.; an ordeal
Vishn.; sign, hint, indication W.; demonstrated conclusion ib.; limit, boundary ib.;
solemn address, harangue, speech, declaration Vishn.; (in gram.) a Vedic passage which
is the repetition of another one RPrt.; (in dram.) end of trouble or distress Bhar. Das'ar.
Sh.; N. of a son of Dharma VP.; (with S'ktas) N. of the author of a Mantra Cat.
samayocita * = mfn. suited to the occasion or time or to an emergency, seasonable,
opportune BhP. ; (%{am}) ind. suitably to the occoccasion MW. ; %{-zloka}, m.N. of
wk.
sambhrama * = m. (ifc. f. {A}) whirling round, haste, hurry, flurry, confusion, agitation,
bustling; activity, eagerness, zeal ({At} and {ena}, `" excitedly, hurriedly "'; acc. with
{kR} or {gam}, and dat., to get into a flurry about, show great eagerness or zeal "'; with
{tyaj} or {vi-muc}, `" to compose one's self "') MBh. Kv. &c.; awe, deference, respect
Kv. Kaths.; error, mistake, delusion (ifc. =, feigning or seeming to be "') Rjat.
Kaths.; grace, beauty (v.l. for {vi-bhrama}) Bhartri.; N. of a class of beings attending on
S'iva Cat.; mfn. agitated, excited, rolling about (as the eyes) BhP.; {-jvalita} mfn. excited
by flurry MW.; {-bhRt} mfn. possessing bewilderment, embarrassed, agitited ib.
saMcita * mfn. piled together, heaped up, gathered, collected, accumulated S'Br. &c.
&c.; dense, thick (as a wood) R.; fitted or provided with, full of (comp.) MBh.; impeded,
obstructed VarBriS.; frequently practised or exhibited MBh.; {-karman} n. the rites to be
performed after arranging the sacrificial fire S'rS.

saM+tri = to cross
saMbhaavanaamaatreNa = by honouring (with gifts) alone
sambandha = Full relationship between planets
sambandhinaH = relatives
sambhava = birth* = (or {sa4m-bhava}) m. (ifc. f. {A}) being or coming together,
meeting, union, intercourse (esp. sexual intintercourse, cohabitation) Gobh.; finding
room in, being contained in (ifc.= `" contained in "') MBh. Sus'r.; birth, production,
origin, source, the being produced from (abl.; ifc. = `" arisen or produced from, made
of, grown in "') Mn. MBh. &c.; cause, reason, occasion (ifc.= `" caused or occasioned by
"') ib.; being brought about, occurrence, appearance (ifc. = `" occurring "' or `"
appearing in "') ib.; being, existence S'vetUp. MBh. &c.; capacity, ability, possibility (ifc.
`" made possible by "'; {ena}, `" according to possibility "', `" as possible "') MBh.
MrkP. Sh.; (in rhet.) a possible case Kuval.; (in phil.) equivalence (regarded as one of
the Pramnas q.v.; illustrated by the equivalence between one shilling and pence) MW.;
agreement, conformity (esp. of the receptacle with the thing received) W.; compatibility,
adequacy ib.; acquaintance, intimacy ib.; loss, destruction ib.; (with Buddhists) N. of a
world SaddhP.; N. of a prince, VF.; of the third Arhat of the present Avasarpin. L.;
mf({A})n. existing, being Pacar.; {-kANDa} m. n. N. of a Pauranic wk.; {-parirnan} n.
`" the section about the origin (of the gods) "', N. of ch. of the first book of the MBh.
sambhavaM = born of
sambhavaH = production

sambhavati = occur, arise

sambhavanti = they appear
sambhavaaH = produced of
sambhavaan.h = produced of
sambhavaami = I do incarnate
sambhaavitasya = for a respectable man
sambhaashhaNa = conversation, talk, chat
sambhRta* = mfn. brought together, collected, assembled, accumulated, concentrated
RV. &c. &c.; provided, stored, laden, filled, covered, furnished or endowed with,
possessed of (instr. or comp.) AV. &c. &c.; carried, borne (in the womb) MBh.; well
maintained or nourished RV. R.; honoured, respected BhP.; produced, effected, caused,
made, prepared S'Br. Klid. Sus'r.; loud, shrill (as a sound) MBh. vii, 3911; {-kratu} mfn.
one in whom all knowledge is concentrated, intelligent, wise (said of Indra) RV.; {-tama}
mfn. fully concentrated S'nkhS'r.; {-bala} mfn. one who has assembled an army Rjat.;
{-zrI} ({sa4m-}) mfn. one in whom all beauty is concentrated, lovely, charming AV.
Megh.; {-zruta} mfn. possessed of knowledge, learned, wise Rjat.; {-sambhAra}
({sa4m-}) mfn. one who has brought together all requisite materials, quite ready or
prepared for anything TS. MBh. BhP.; {-sneha} mfn. full of love for (loc.) Megh.; {tA7Gga} ({sa4m-}) mfn. one whose body is well nourished or fed TBr.; (ifc.) one whose
limbs are covered with MBh. (B. {sam-vRt-}); {-ta4rtha} mfn. one who has accumulated
wealth Ragh.; {-tA7zva} ({sa4m-}) mfn. one who has well-fed horses RV.; {-tau9Sadha}

mfn. one who has collected many drugs MBh.

sambhuutaM = arisen kim
saMcAra* = m. (ifc. f. {A}) walking about, wandering, roaming, driving or riding, any
motion MBh. Kv. &c.; transit, passage ib.; the passage or entrance of the sun into a new
sign MW.; passing over, transition, transference to (comp.) Yj.; transmission (of
disease), contagion W.; course, path, way (also fig. = `" mode, manner "') MBh. Hariv.;
track (of wild animals) S'ak. Sch.; course of life, career Sh.; a partic. class of spies L.;
difficult progress, difficulty, distress W.; leading, guiding ib.; inciting, impelling ib.; a
gem supposed to be in the head of a serpent ib.; = {huM-kAra} ChUp.; [w.r. for {saMcara}, {saM-sAra}, and {sac-cAra}]; {-jIvin} m. (prob.) a tramp, vagabond L.; {-patha}
m. a walk, walking-place Hariv.; (in dram.) a female attendant on a king (= {yavanI})
Bhar.; {-pUta} mfn. purified by the course or passage (of anything) MW.; {-vyAdhi} m. a
partic. (prob. infectious) disease L.
saMdagdha * = mfn. burned up, consumed TS. &c. &c.
saMdaMs'a * = m. compression (of the lips) MBh. ; too great compression of the teeth
in the pronunciation of vowels RPra1t. ; junction, connection Subh. ; a pair of tongs or
pincers or nippers AV. Br. Pur. Sus3r. ; N. of those parts of the body which are used for
grasping or seizing (as the thumb and forefinger together, the opposite eye-teeth, the
nippers of a crab &c.) Ya1jn5. VarBr2S. Sus3r. Pan5cat. Katha1s. ; a partic. Naraka or
hell (where the flesh of the wicked is tortured with pincers) Pur. ; a chapter or section of
a book Da1yabh. ; a partic. Eka7ha Vait. ; the site of a village &c. (fixed according to the
compass) L.

saMdes'ita* = mfn. (fr. Caus.) made to point out, asked to declare MBh.
saMdes'ya* = mfn. to be directed or instructed Kaths.; founded on direction or impulse,
done on purpose AV.; belonging to this place, domestic (as opp. to {vi-dezya}, `" foreign
"') AV.
saMdes'a* = m. (ifc. f. {A}) communication of intelligence, message, information,
errand, direction, command, order to (gen. or loc.; {-tas} with gen., `" by order of "')
Kaus'. MBh. &c.; a present, gift L.; a partic. kind of sweetmeat L.; {-gir} f. news, tidings
L.; {-pada} n. pl. the words of a message Ragh.; {-vAc} f. (= {-gir}) L.; {-hara} m. a
newsbringer, messenger, envoy, ambassador Kv.; ({A}) f. a female messenger Gal.; {hAra} mfn. bringing news or tidings Sh.; {-hAraka} (Sh.), {-hArin} (S'ak.) m. (= {hara}); {-zA7rtha} m. the contents of a message Megh.; {-zo7kti} f. (= {-gir}) L.
same = in equanimity
sametaM = come together with * = come together, assembled, joined, united Mn. MBh.
&c.; connected or united or furnished with, possessed of (instr. or comp.) MBh. Kv. &c.;
encountered, come into collision with (instr.) MBh.; come near or to, got into any state or
condition (acc.) Pacat.; {-mAya} mfn. affected by or possessing illusions MW.
saMgara = (m) a vow
saMgAh* = . {-gAhate} (only aor. {sam-agAhiSTa}), to plunge into, enter, go into (acc.)
Bhathth.
saMgai* = P. {-gAyati}, to sing together, celebrate by singing together, sing in chorus,
chant S'Br. &e. &c.: Pass. {-gIyate}, to be sung or praised in chorus BhP.

saMga* = and {saGga} see below and {saJj}.

saMga* = m. (for {saGga} see {saJj}) `" coming together "', conflict, war RV. (cf. Naigh.
ii, 17).
saMgA* = P. {-jigAti}, to come together AV.; to go to, approach (acc.) BhP.
saMgaNanA*= f. counting together, enumeration MBh.
saMgaNikA*= f. society, the world DivyA7v.
saMgarj* = P. {-garjati}, to roar together, shout at or against (acc.) MBh.
saMgara* = 1 m. agreeing together, agreement, assent AV. &c. &c.; conflict, combat,
fight, battle with (instr.) or for (gen.) Mn. MBh. &c.; a bargain, transaction of sale L.;
knowledge L.; {-kskama} mfn. fit for combat or war Km.; {-stha} mfn. engaged in
combat or war R.
saMgara* = 2 m. swallowing up, devouring MW.; n. poison L.; misfortune, calamity L.;
n. the S'am fruit L.
saMgava* = m. (fr. {sam} and {go}) the time when grazing cows are collected for milking
or when they are together with their calves (the second of the five divisions of the day,
three Muhrtas after Prtastana q.v.) RV. AV. Br. S'rS.
saMgataka*= m. contact (see {bhrU-s-}); N. of a story-teller Kaths.

saMgatin*= mfn. come together, met, assembled MrkP.

saMgam* = . {-gacchate} (rarely P. {-ti}, and accord. to Pn. 1-3, 29 only with an
object; pf. {-jagme}; Vedic forms &c. {-gamemahi}, {-gamAmahai}, {-ajagmiran}, {agata} [3. sg.], {-aganmahi}, {-agasmahi}, or {-agaMsmahi}, {-gmiSIya}, {-gasISTa} or
{-gaMsISTa}, {-gaMsyate} &c.; cf. 1. {gam} and Pn. 1-2, 13; vii, 2, 38), to go or come
together, come into contact or collision, meet (either in a friendly or hostile manner), join
or unite with (instr. with and without {saha} or {sA7rdham}) RV. &c. &c.; to unite
sexually with (acc.) Bhathth.; to harmonize, agree, fit, correspond, suit R. Kaths.
Veda7ntas.; to go to or towards, meet (acc.) BhP.; to come together or assemble in (loc.)
AV.; to undergo or get into any state or condition, become (e.g. with {vizrambham}, `" to
become trustful, confide "') BhP.; (P.) to partake of (instr.) RV.; to go away, depart (this
life), decease, die Lthy.; (P.) to visit (acc.) Pn. 1-3, 29 Sch.: Caus. {-gamayati} (ind. p.
{-gamayya}), to cause to go together, bring together, connect or unite or endow or
present with (instr. of pers. and acc. of thing) AV. &c. &c.; to lead any one to (two acc.)
Hit., Introd.; to deliver or hand over to (loc.), transfer, bestow, give MBh. Ragh.; to
connect, construe (words) Sh.; to cause to go away or depart (this life), kill MBh.
(Nlak.): Desid. {-jigaMsate}, to wish to meet with (instr.). Pat.; {-jigAMsati}, to wish to
attain to (acc.) ib.
saMgamaka*= mfn. leading to, showing the way Nlak. on Hariv. 8992.
saMgamanIya*= mfn. leading to union, effecting union Vikr.
saMgamita*= mfn. (fr. Caus.) brought together, united ib.; {-vat} mfn. one who has
brought together or united Das'.

saMgavavelA*= f. (ChUp.) the time when cows are collected for milking.
saMgavinI*= f. the place where cows come together for milking AitBr. (Sy.)
saMgaraNa*= n. transaction together, agreement Nir. iii, 9.
sAMgamiSNu*= mfn. (fr. {saM-g-}) a kind of sand (or expressive of some quality
belonging to it) TBr.
saMgama*= m. (or n. g. {ardharcA7di}; ifc. f. {A}) coming together, meeting (in a
friendly or hostile manner), union, intercourse or association with (instr. with and
without {saha} gen., or comp.) RV. &c. &c.; connection or contact with (instr. or comp.;
with {anarthena}, `" coming to harm "', `" injury "') R. Km.; sexual union L.;
confluence (of two rivers as of the Ganges and the Jumn, or of a river, at its mouth, with
the ocean; such confluences are always held sacred RTL. 347) Yj. MBh. &c.;
conjunction (of planets) VarBriS.; harmony, adaptation W.; point of intersection Gol.; an
uninterrupted series of (comp.) RPrt.; acquirement of (gen.) Pacat.; {-jJAna} m. N. of
a scholar (cf. {-zrI-jJ-}) Buddh.; {-tantra-rAja}N. of wk.; {-datta} m. N. of a man
Kaths.; {-maNi} m. a jewel effecting union (of lovers) Vikr.; {-zrI-jJAna} m. N. of a
scholar (cf. {saMgama-jJ-}) Buddh.; {-sAdhvasa} n. perturbation in regard to sexual
union Mlav.; {-svAmin} m. N. of a man Kaths.; {-mA7ditya} m. N. of a man Cat.; {me7za} n. N. of a Linga Ks'Kh.; {-me7zvara} m. a surname of Vis'va-ntha (the author
of the Vrata-rja) Cat.; N. of a Linga Ks'Kh.; ({-ra-mAhAtmya} n. {-stotra} n. N. of
wks.; {-svAmin} m. N. of a man ib.)
saMgamana*= mf({I})n. gathering together, a gatherer RV. AV.; m. N. of Yama (q.v.)
MW.; n. coming together, coming into contact with, meeting with (comp.) AV. TBr.;

partaking of (instr) MBh.

saMgAyana*= n. singing or praising together KtyS'r.
saMgata* = mfn. come together, met, encountered, joined, united AV. &c. &c.; allied
with, friendly to (instr. or comp.) Gaut. Rjat.; fitted together, apposite, proper, suitable,
according with or fit for (comp.) Kv. Kaths.; contracted, shrunk up MBh. (cf. comp.),
in conjunction (as planets) W.; m. (scil. {saMdhi}) an alliance or peace based on mutual
friendship Km. Hit.; N. of a king (belonging to the Maurya dynasty) Pur.; ({am}) n.
coming together, meeting with (instr. loc. gen., or comp.) MBh. Kv. &c.; frequent
meeting, intercourse, alliance, association, friendship or intimacy with (instr. gen., or
comp.) KathhUp. Mn. MBh. &c.; addiction or devotion to (gen.) Kvya7d.; agreement
MBh.; {-gAtra} mfn. having contracted or shrivelled limbs MBh.; {-saMdhi} m. a
friendly alliance (see above) MW.; {-tA7rtha} mfn. containing a fit or proper meaning
KtyS'r.
saMgati* = f. coming together, meeting with (gen. or comp.) RV. &c. &c.; going or
resorting to (loc.) Cn. Hit.; association, intercourse, society, company (with instr. with
and without {saha} or {samam}; loc. gen., or comp.) MBh. Kv. &c.; a league, alliance
Cn.; sexual union L.; meeting or coming to pass accidentally, chance, accident ({-tyA},
ind. `" by chance, haply "') MBh. R. &c.; adaptation, fitness, appropriateness,
applicability Kaths. Sarvad.; connection with, relation to (instr. or comp.) Kvya7d.;
becoming acquainted, knowledge L.; questioning for further information W.; (in the
Prva-mmns) one of the 5 members (Avayavas) of an Adhikarana Sarvad.; {prakAza} m. {-mAlA} f. {-lakSaNa} n. {-vAda} m. {-vicAra}, m.; ({-ty}) {-anumiti} f. {anumiti-vAda} m. N. of wks. [1128, 3]

sAMgatika*= mfn. (fr. {saM-gati}) relating to society, social, associating W.; m. a new
comer, visitor, guest, acquaintance Vishn. Mn.; one who comes to transact business MW.
saMgatha* = m. meeting-place, centre RV. TBr.; conflict, war Naigh.; ({A}) f. confluence
MW.
sAMgatya* = n. (fr. {saM-gata}) meeting, intercourse with ({saha}) Hit. Subh.
samgati = company
samgatiraikaa = sa.ngatiH+ekA, company+(only) one (way)
samgavarjitaH = freed from the contamination of fruitive activities and mental
speculation
samGYake = which is called
samGYaarthaM = for information
samGYitaM = in the matter of
samGYitaH = is called
samGYaiH = named
samghe = (loc.sing.) in Union or togetherness or group
samgiita = (m) divine music, the space between the breaths

samgiita = music
samgraha = collection* = m. holding together, seizing, grasping, taking, reception,
obtainment MBh. Kv. &c.; taking (in the sense of eating or drinking food, medicine &c.)
Ragh. Bhartri.; the fetching back of discharged weapons by magical means MBh. Hariv.;
bringing together, assembling (of men) R. Ragh. Sinha7s.; collecting, gathering,
conglomeration, accumulation (as of stores) Mn. MBh. &c.; (in phil.) agglomeration (=
{saMyoga} q.v.) MW.; a place where anything is kept, a store-room, receptacle BhP.;
complete enumeration or collection, sum, amount, totality ({eNa}, `" completely "', `"
entirely "') Yj. MBh. &c.; drawing together, making narrower, narrowing, tightening,
making thin or slender, the thin part of anything Car. Vgbh. KtyS'r. Sch.; a
compendium, summary, catalogue, list, epitome, abridgment, short statement ({eNa} or
{At}, `" shortly "', `" summarily "', `" in few words "') KathhUp. MBh. &c.; inclusion,
comprehension, Kusum. Kull.; check, restraint, control ib. Vet.; keeping, guarding,
protection Mn. MBh. &c.; a guardian, ruler, manager, arranger R. BhP.; obstruction,
constipation (see {-grahanI}); attracting, winning, favouring, kind treatment,
propitiation, entertaining, entertainment Mn. MBh. &c.; taking to wife, marriage (see
{dAra-s-}); perception, notion Kap. BhP.; mention, mentioning L.; elevation, loftiness L.;
velocity L.; N. of S'iva MBh.; of various wks. (esp. of a gram. wk. in 100,000 S'lokas by
Vydi; also often in comp.); {-kAra} m. the composer or author of the Sangraha; {grantha} m. N. of wk.; {-grahaNI} f. a partic. form of diarrhoea (alternating with
constipation) Bhpr.; {-cUDAmaNi} m. {-parvan} n. (IW. 370 n. 1), {-prakAzikA}, f. {ratnamAlA} f. {-rAmA7yaNa} n. N. of wks.; {-vat} mfn. provided with a short summary
of a subject Cat.; {-vastu} n. an element of popularity DivyA7v.; {-vivaraNa} n. {vaidyanAthIya} n. N. of wks.; {-zloka} m. a verse recapitulating what has been explained
before (in prose intermixed with Stras).

saM-graaha* = m. grasping, laying hold of. forcible seizure W.; the fist or clenching the
fist L. (cf. Pn. 3-3, 36 Sch.); the handle of a shield L.
samgrahaH = the accumulation
samgraheNa = in summary
samgraama-bhuumi = (fem) battleground
samgraamaM = fighting
saMhata* = mfn. struck together, closely joined or united with (instr.), keeping together,
contiguous, coherent, combined, compacted, forming one mass or body s'vS'r. Mn.
MBh. &c. [1122, 3]; accompanied or attended by (instr.) Mn. vii, 165; become solid,
compact, firm, hard MBh. Kv. &c.; strong-limbed, athletic MBh.; strong, intensive
VarBriS.; (prob.) complex, composite, compound (said of a partic. tone and odour)
MBh.; struck, hurt, wounded, killed W.; n. a partic. position in dancing, Sanigt.; {kulIna} mfn. belonging to a family closely allied or related pS'r. Sch.; {-jAnu} or {jAnuka} mfn. knock-kneed L.; {-tala} m. the two hands joined with the open palms
brought together W.; {-tA} f. close contact or union S'is'.; {-tva} n. id. Pacat. (v.l.);
complexity. compactness, close combination W.; {-pucchi} ind. with contracted tail g.
{dvidaNDy-Adi}; {-bhrU} mfn. knitting the brows MBh.; {-bhrUkuTi-mukha} mfn. one
on whose face the brows are contracted ib.; {-mUrti} mfn. of compact form or shape,
strong, intensive VarBriS.; {vAk-kala} mfn. (du.) `" joining the tones of the voice "',
singing a duet MrkP.; {-vRtto7ru} mfn. one who has round and firm thighs R.; {-starnI}
f. a woman whose breasts are very close to each other MW.; {-hasta} mfn. seizing or
holding each other by the hand ({-tva}, n.) Gobh. Sch.; {-tA7Gga} mfn. strong-limbed,

well-knit Sus'r.; in close contiguity (as hills) MBh.; {-tA7Jjoli} mfn.; joining the hollowed
han ds (as a mark of supplication) Hariv.; {-tA7zva} m. N. of a king (son of Nikumbha)
Hariv.; {-to7ru} mfn. firm-thighed MBh.
saMhaata* = m. (for {saM-ghAta}, which is often v.l.) conciseness (in, {akSara-s-}) Sh.;
N. of a partic. hell Mn. iv, 89; of one of S'iva's attendants L.
samh = being so
samhaara = destroy (take away)
samharate = winds up
saMhata* = mfn. struck together, closely joined or united with (instr.), keeping together,
contiguous, coherent, combined, compacted, forming one mass or body A1s3vS3r. Mn.
MBh. &c. [1122,3]; accompanied or attended by (instr.) Mn. vii, 165; become solid,
compact, firm, hard MBh. Ka1v. &c.; strong-limbed, athletic MBh.; strong, intensive
VarBr2S.; (prob.) complex, composite, compound (said of a partic. tone and odour)
MBh.; struck, hurt, wounded, killed W.; n. a partic. position in dancing, Sam2igi1t.; %{kulIna} mfn. belonging to a family closely allied or related A1pS3r. Sch.; %{-jAnu} or %{jAnuka} mfn. knock-kneed L.; %{-tala} m. the two hands joined with the open palms
brought together W.; %{-tA} f. close contact or union S3is3.; %{-tva} n. id. Pan5cat.
(v.l.); complexity. compactness, close combination W.; %{-pucchi} ind. with contracted
tail g. %{dvidaNDy-Adi}; %{-bhrU} mfn. knitting the brows MBh.; %{-bhrUkuTimukha} mfn. one on whose face the brows are contracted ib.; %{-mUrti} mfn. of
compact form or shape, strong, intensive VarBr2S.; %{vAk-kala} mfn. (du.) `" joining
the tones of the voice "', singing a duet Ma1rkP.; %{-vRtto7ru} mfn. one who has round

and firm thighs R.; %{-starnI} f. a woman whose breasts are very close to each other
MW.; %{-hasta} mfn. seizing or holding each other by the hand (%{-tva}, n.) Gobh. Sch.;
%{-tA7Gga} mfn. strong-limbed, well-knit Sus3r.; in close contiguity (as hills) MBh.; %{tA7Jjoli} mfn.; joining the hollowed han ds (as a mark of supplication) Hariv.; %{tA7zva} m. N. of a king (son of Nikumbha) Hariv.; %{-to7ru} mfn. firm-thighed MBh.
saMhaata* = m. (for %{saM-ghAta}, which is often v.l.) conciseness (in, %{akSara-s-})
Sa1h.; N. of a partic. hell Mn. iv, 89; of one of S3iva's attendants L.
samhita = sandhi: the phonetic combination of words in sanskrit
saMhita* = mfn. (1. {dhA}) put together, joined, attached RV. &c. &c.; fixed, settled
AitBr.; composed of (comp.) ib.; placed together ({pArzva-s-}, `" placed side by side "')
Lthy.; uninterrupted (as a series of words) RPrt.; joined or connected or endowed or
furnished with, abounding in, possessed of, accompanied by (comp.) Mn. MBh. &c.;
agreeing with, conformable to ({dharma-s-}, `" in accordance with justice "') R.; relating
to, concerning (comp.) ib.; connected with, proceeding from (comp.) MBh.; being on
friendly terms with (instr.) ib.; ({-ta4}) mfn. mixed in colour, variegated VS. TS.; ({A}) f.
see next; n. N. of a Sman rshBr.
saMhitaa* = f. conjunction, connection, union TUp.; (in gram.) the junction or
combination of letters according to euphonic rules (= {saMdhi}, but sometimes
considered rather as the state preparatory to the actual junction than the junction itself
Prt.; a text treated according to euphonic rules (esp. the real continuous text of the
Vedas as formed out of the Padas or separate words by proper phonetic changes
[according to various schools; cf. IW. 152]: beside the Sanhits of the Riig-, Sma-, and
Atharvaveda there is the Vjasaneyi-SSanhits belonging to the White Yajur-veda, and

five other Sanhits belonging to the black Yajur-veda, viz. the Taittirya-SSanhit, the
Sanhita of the treyas [known only by its Anukraman], the SSanhit of the Kathhas,
the Kapishthhala-Kathha-SSanhit, and the SSanhit of the Maitryaniyas or
Maitryan-SSanhit) Nir. Prt. &c.; any methodically arranged collection of texts or
verses (e.g. the Rma7yana, the various law-books, the medical works of Caraka and
S'rngadhara, the complete system of natural astrology &c. [cf. {bRhat-s-}]; there is also
a Sanhit of the Purnas said to have been compiled by Vysa, the substance of which is
supposed to be represented by the Vishnu-purna) MBh. VarBriS. Pur. &c.; science L.;
the force which holds together and supports the universe (a term applied to the Supreme
Being accord. to some) MW.; N. of various wks.
samhitaasa.ndhiH = sa.nhitaa+sandhiH joined together?
samhri = to completely destroy1
saMhrita * = mfn. drawn or brought together &c.; interrupted (in %{a-s-}) Uttarar.; %{busam} ind. after the chaff has been got in g. %{tiSThadgu-prabhRti}; %{-yavam} ind.
after the barley has been got in ib.
samhrishhTa = (adj) happy
samidh *= mfn. igniting , flaming , burning RV. ; f. firewood , fuel , a log of wood ,
faggot , grass &c. employed as fuel (7 Samidhs , or sometimes 3 X 7 are mentioned , as
well as 7 Yonis , 7 flames &c.) RV. &c. &c. ; kindling , flaming RV. VS. S3Br. ; %{-samidAdhAna} S3rS.
samiddhaH = blazing *= 1 mfn. (for 2. see col. 3) , Pra1kr2it for %{sam-Rddha} ,

perfect , full , complete HirGr2. \\ 2 mfn. (for 1. see col. 2) set alight or on fire , lighted ,
kindled , ignited , inflamed RV. &c. &c.
samiihaa* = f. striving after, longing for, wish, desire MBh. Ka1v. &c.
samiih * = A1. %{-Ihate} (pr. p. %{-Ihat}), to strive after, wish for, desire, endeavour to
gain (acc.) VS. &c. &c.
samiihaa * = f. striving after, longing for, wish, desire MBh. Ka1v. &c.
samiihana * = mfn. zealous, eager (said of Vishn2u) MBh.
samiihita * = mfn. longed or wished for, desired, striven after, undertaken R. Bhartr2.
Pan5cat. ; n. great effort to obtain anything, desire, longing, wish Ka1v. Katha1s. Hit.
samiikaraH = (m) electric iron
samiikaraNa = equation
samiipa-stha = (standing) nearby
samiipe = (adv) near
samiira = breeze
samiiksh.h = to examine
samiikshya = after seeing

samiiksha* n. complete investigation "'N. of the Smkhya system of philosophy L.; ({A})
f. thorough or close inspection, perceiving, beholding (dat., within the range of any one's
[gen.] sight "') past.; desire or wish to see MBh.; a glance BhP.; view, opinion in regard
to (with {prati}) MBh.; deep insight, understanding, intellect BhP.; investigation, search
W.; the Mmns philosophy or any work examining or explaining Vedic ritual ib.;
essential nature or truth or principle (= {tattva} q.v.) ib. [1165,1]; effort ib.
samitiJNjayaH = always victorious in battle
samitii = (f) comittee
sam'ja *= 1 mfn. (fr. %{saM} + 1. %{jJa} = %{jJu} ; cf. 1. %{pra-jJa}) knock-kneed L.
sam'ja *= 2 mfn. (ifc. for %{saM-jJA} e.g. %{labdha-saMjJa}, `" one who has recovered
consciousness "' MBh. ; %{-tA} f. `" recovery of cconsciousness "' Ven2is.) ; (%{A}) f.
see below ; n. a yellow fragrant wood, yellow sanders L.
sam'jaa *= P. A1. %{-jAnAti}, %{-jAnIte}, (A1.) to agree together, be of the same
opinion, be in harmony with (loc. ; accord. to Pa1n2. 2-3, 22, also instr. or acc.) RV. AV.
VS. S3Br. ; (A.) to obey (dat.) AitBr. ; (A1.) to appoint, assign, intend (for any purpose),
destine ib. ; (only ind. p. %{-jJAya}) to direct, order, command Hariv. ; to acknowledge,
recognize, own Pa1n2. 1-3, 46 Sch. ; (P.) to acknowledge or claim as one's own, take
possession of SaddhP. ; (P.) to think of. recollect sorrowfully (with acc. or gen.) Pa1n2.
Vop. ; A1. to know well, understand R. ; to watch for Bhat2t2.: Caus. %{-jJA8payati}, %{te}, to cause to be of the same opinion or agree together AV. AitBr. ; to cause to acquiesce
or agree in (euphemistically said of a sacrificial victim, which ought not to be led forcibly
to its death but made to resign itself) S3Br. Gr2S3rS. MBh. BhP. ; to appease, satisfy

MBh. Ka1lid. ; to make to be understood or known, cause to understand S3Br. ; to make

signs to (acc.), communicate or make anything known by signs Mr2icch. Hcar. ; to
command, enjoin, instruct Hariv. [1133,3]\\ f. (ifc. f. %{A}) agreement, mutual
understanding, harmony TBr. S3Br. Katha1s. ; consciousness, clear knowledge or
understanding or notion or conception S3Br. &c. &c. ; a sign, token, signal, gesture (with
the hand, eyes &c. ; %{saMjJAm-kR} or %{dA}, `" to give a signal "') MBh. Ka1v. &c. ;
direction (in %{a-kRtas-}, `" one who has received no ddirection "') MBh. ; a track,
footstep BhP. ; a name, appellation, title, technical term (ifc. = `" called, named "') Nir.
Mn. MBh. &c. ; (in gram.) the name of anything thought of as standing by itself, any
noun having a special meaning (%{saMjJAyAm} therefore denotes `" [used] in some
peculiar sense rather than in its strictly etymological meaning "' e.g. as a proper name)
Pa1n2. 1-1, 34 ; 2, 53 &c. ; a technical expression in grammar (see %{-sUtra}) ; (with
Buddhists) perception (one of the 5 Skandhas q.v.) Dharmas. 22 MWB. 109 ; N. of the
Ga1yatri1 (q.v.) L. ; of a partic. high number Buddh. ; N. of a daughter of Tvasht2r2i or
Vis3va-karman (the wife of the Sun and mother of Manu, Yama and Yami1) Hariv. Pur.
saMjnna * = mf(%{I})n. producing harmony AitBr. ; (%{I}) f. a ceremony for
producing unanimity TS. A1s3vS3r. ; n. unanimity, harmony with (loc. or instr.) RV. AV.
VS. TS. ; consciousness S3Br. AitUp. BhP. ; right conception Pratijn5a1s. ; perception (=
%{saM-jJA}) Buddh.
saMkaara* = m. dust, sweepings ({-kUTa} n. a heap of rubbish) DivyA7v.; the crackling
of flame L.; ({I}) f. a girl recently deflowered, new bride L.
saMkath* = P. {-kathayati}, to relate or narrate fully, tell, speak about (acc.), converse
MBh. BhP.

saMkan* = (only p. {-cakAna4}), to be pleased or satisfied RV. v, 30, 17.

saMkalpa* = m. (ifc. f. {A}) conception or idea or notion formed in the mind or heart,
(esp.) will, volition, desire, purpose, definite intention or determination or decision or
wish for (with loc. dat., or ifc.), sentiment, conviction, persuasion; (ibc. often = `"
intentionally "', `" purposely "', `" on purpose "', `" according to will "', &c.; acc. with
{kR}, `" to form a resolution, make up one's mind "') AV. &c. &c.; idea or expectation of
any advantage W.; a solemn vow or determination to perform any ritual observance,
declaration of purpose (e.g. a declaration by a widow of her intention to burn herself with
her deceased husband) W.; the Will personified (as a son of San-kalp and Brahm)
Hariv. MrkP.; ({A}) f. N. of a daughter of Daksha (the wife of Dharma and mother of
Sankalpa) Hariv.; of Manu's wife Hariv.
saMkaa* = f. (prob. connected with {saJj}) contest, strife, fight RV. TBr.
saMkaaza *= m. (ifc. f. %{A}) look , appearance (often ifc. = `" having the appearance
of "' , `" looking like "' , `" resembling "') AV. &c. &c. ; vicinity , neighbourhood (w.r. for
%{sa-k-}) L.
saMkaara* = m. dust, sweepings ({-kUTa} n. a heap of rubbish) DivyA7v.; the crackling
of flame L.; ({I}) f. a girl recently deflowered, new bride L.
saMkara* = m. mixing together, commingling, intermixture confusion (esp. of castes or
races, proceeding from the intermarriage of a man with a woman of a higher caste or
from the promiscuous intercourse of the four tribes, and again from the indiscriminate
cohabitation of their descendants; cf. {yoni-s-}) Mn. MBh. &c.; the offspring of a mixed

marriage R.; any action similar to the intermixture of castes (sometimes n.) MBh.; (in
rhet.) the confusion or blending together of metaphors which ought to be kept distinct
(opp. to {saM-sRSTi} q.v.) Sh. Kpr.; anything that may be defiled by the touch of any
unclean thing MBh.; dung Car.; dust, sweepings L.; the crackling of flame L.; N. of a
man Buddh.; {-ja} mfn. born from a mixed caste Cat.; {-jAta} mfn. id. Mn. v, 89; {-jAti}
mfn. id. BhP.; {-jAtIya} mfn. id. MW.; {-tA} f. (see {varNa-s-}); {-mImAMsA} f. N. of
wk.; {-saMkara} m. the mixed offspring of mixed offspring Vishn.; {-sveda} m. a partic.
sudorific treatment; {-rA7pAtra-kRtyA} f. an action which degrades a man to a mixed
caste or makes him unworthy to receive gifts Mn. xi, 126; {-rAzva} m. `" mongrel horse
"', a mule L.
saMkarshana * = n. drawing out, extraction Hariv. BhP.; a means of joining or uniting
BhP.; drawing together, contracting W.; making rows, ploughing ib. [1126,2]; m. N. of
Bala-deva or Bala-ra1ma (also called Hala7yudha [q.v.], the elder brother of Kr2ishn2a;
he was drawn from the womb of Devaki1 and transferred to that of Rohin2i1; among
Vaishn2avas he is considered as the second of the four forms of Purusho7ttama) MBh.
Hariv. Pur. Sarvad.; N. of the father of Ni1la7sura Cat.; (also with %{sUri}) of various
authors ib.; %{-kANDa} (or %{saM-karSa-k-}) m. N. of an appendix to the
Mi1ma1n6sa1-su1tra; %{-maya} mf(%{I})n. representing Bala-deva AgP.; %{-vidyA} f.
the art of drawing a child from the womb of one woman and transferring it to that of
another (applied to Baladeva cf. above) Prab.; %{-zaraNa} m. N. of an author, Cat; %{sUtra-vicAra} m. N. of wk.; %{-Ne7zvara-tIrtha} n. N. of a Ti1rtha Cat.
see also zamkara under s'amkara
samkatha = calamity / danger

saMkhyaa* = P. {-khyAti}, to reckon or count, up, sum up, enumerate, calculate S'Br.
Mn. MBh. &c.; to estimate by (instr.) MBh.; . (only aor. {saM-akhyata}) to appear along
with, be connected with, belong to (instr.) RV. VS.: Caus. {-khyApayati}, to cause to be
looked at or observed by (instr.) TS. S'Br.
saMkhya* = mfn. counting up or over, reckoning or summing up Pn. 3-2, 7 Sch. (ifc.;
cf. {go-s-}); m. N. of a man Cat.; ({A}) f. see below; n. conflict, battle, war (only in loc.;
cf. Naigh. ii, 17) MBh. Kv. Rjat.; {-tA} f. {-tva} n. numerableness, numeration MW.
saMkhyaa* = f. reckoning or summing up, numeration, calculation (ifc. = `" numbered
or reckoned among "') R. Ragh. Rjat.; a number, sum, total (ifc. `" amounting to "')
S'Br. &c. &c.; a numeral Prt. Pn. &c.; (in gram.) number (as expressed by case
terminations or personal tterminations) Ks'. on Pn. 2-3, 1; deliberation, reasoning,
reflection, reason, intellect MBh. Kv.; name, appellation (= {AkhyA}) R.; a partic. high
number Buddh.; manner MW.; (in geom.) a gnomon (for ascertaining the points of the
compass), RmRs.
saMkhyAta * = mfn. reckoned up, enumerated, numbered, counted, measured AV. &c.
&c. [1128,2] ; estimated by R. ; considered (see comp.) ; m. pl. N. of a people VarBr2S. ;
(%{A}) f. (scil. %{prahelikA}) a kind of riddle based on counting Ka1v. iii, 101 ; n.
number, multitude BhP. ; %{-saMkhyeya} mfn. one who has considered what is to be
considered Car. ; %{-tA7nudeza} m. a subsequent enumeration the members of which
correspond successively to those of a previous one Ka1s3. on
saMkiirtana *= n. the act of mentioning fully &c. ; praise , celebration , glorification
MBh. Ka1v. &c.

saMkrama* = m. going or coming together VS.; progress, course, (esp.) transition,

passage or transference to (loc.), Kusum.; the passage of the sun or a planet through the
zodiacal signs Yj. VarBriS. &c.; the falling or shooting of stars Mriicch.; the meeting of
two words in the Krama text (caused by omitting those between) VPrt.; a bridge or steps
leading down to water Mn. MBh. &c.; N. of one of Skanda's attendants MBh.; of a king of
the Vidy-dharas (the son of Vasu) Kaths.; m. or n. (?) a particular high number
Buddh.; m. n. difficult passage or progress (as over rocks or torrents or inaccessible
passes) L.; a means or vehicle for effecting a difficult passage or of obtaining any object
Das'.; n. du. (with {indrasya} or {vasiSThasya}) N. of two Smans rshBr.; {dvAdazA7ha} m. a partic. form of the Dvdas'a7ha (q.v.) KtyS'r.; {-yajJa} m. a kind of
sacrifice Vait.
saMkraama* = m. passing away pS'r.; m. n. difficult passage or progress L.
sammantrya V: consulting, deliberating, discussing
sammarjanii = (f) broom\
sammata * mfn. thinking together, being of the same opinion, agreed, consented or
assented to, concurred in, approved by (gen. or comp.) MBh. Kv. &c.; (ifc.) agreeing
with BhP.; thought, supposed, considered or regarded as (nom.) R.; thought highly of,
esteemed, renowned, celebrated, highly honoured by (gen.) Mn. MBh. &c.; allowed,
authorized (see {a-sammata}); m. N. of a son of Manu Svarna Hariv.; (pl.) of a school
Buddh.; ({A}) f. N. of a daughter of Marutta Hariv.; of a treatise on the Dhtu-pthha;
({am}) n. opinion, impression ({e} or {ena} with gen., `" in the opinion of. "' `" under the
idea of "') MBh.; consent, assent, approval, acquiescence, concurrence ({e}, `" with the
consent or approval of "') MW.

saMmaarjayati = to clean, to wash, to wipe

saMmishraNaM = mixed
sammis'ra* = mf(%{A})n. commingled, mixed together, joined, connected, furnished or
endowed with (instr. or comp.) MBh. R. &c.
sammita* = mfn. measured out, measured, meted BhP.; measuring. so much, just so
much (no more nor less) MBh. BhP.; of the same measure or extent, equal, like, same (in
length, height, number, value &c.), corresponding to, resembling, passing for (instr.,
rarely gen.; or comp.) AV. &c. &c.; reaching up to (comp.) S3Br. A1s3vS3r.; symmetrical
(?) Pan5car.; consisting of. furnished or provided with (instr. or comp.) MBh. Pan5car.;
destined for (comp.) MBh.; v, 2462 (B. %{saMdhita}); (%{am}) ind. perpetually,
incessantly Ka1ran2d2. (prob. w.r. for %{samitam}); m. N. of a mythical being Ya1jn5.;
of a son of Vasisht2ha VP.; (%{am}) n. distance (%{e} ifc. = `" at a distance from "')
VarBr2S.; %{-tva} n. (in rhet.) universal analogy Prata1p.; %{-varNA} f. N. of a
Commentary.
&c. see above.
sammohaH = perfect illusion
sammohana *= mf(%{I})n. (fr. Caus.) id. MBh. Hariv. &c. ; m. N. of one of the five
arrows of Ka1madeva Kum. Gi1t. Sch. (cf. RTL. 200) ; (%{I}) f. a kind of fascination or
illusion (%{mAyA}) Hariv. ; n. deluding , infatuating , leading astray Ma1rkP. ; a kind of
mythical weapon MBh. Ragh. Katha1s. ; %{-tantra} n. N. of a Tantra.
sammohaat.h = from illusion

sammuuDha = bewildered * = sammUDha mfn. completely stupefied, astounded,

perplexed, bewildered, unconscious, senseless MBh. Ka1v. &c.; foolish, ignorant Ya1jn5.
Ra1jat.; heaped, accumulated (as clouds; accord. to others, `" torn asunder "') Hariv.;
produced rapidly W.; broken ib.; (%{A}) f. a kind of riddle or enigma Cat.; (%{Dhacetas} mfn. troubled or infatuated in mind, S3a1ntis3.; %{-tA} f. (Katha1s.), %{-tva}
n. (MaitrUp.) stupefaction, infatuation, bewilderment, unconsciousness; %{-piDakA} f.
N. of partic. eruptions on the membrum virile Sus3r.; %{-hRdaya} mfn. troubled in
heart MW.
sammugdha * = mfn. gone astray (see %{a-s-}); perplexed, bewildered, stupefied
Uttarar.; not clearly understood Ni1lak.; (%{am}) ind. furtively Gi1t. [1181,1]
sammuh * = P. %{-muhyati} (pf. %{-mumoha}, or %{-mumuhs}), to become quite
stupefied or bewildered or unconscious MBh. R. BhP.; to become confused or
unrecognizable (as the quarters of the sky) MBh. : Caus. %{-mohayati}, to stupefy, make
unconscious, perplex, bewilder, lead astray MBh. Ka1v. &c.
sammukha * = mf(%{I} rarely %{A}) n. facing, fronting, confronting, being face to face
or in front of or opposite to (gen. or ifc. or ibc.), present, before the eyes S3Br. &c. &c.;
being about to begin or at the beginning of (comp.) Hariv.; directed or turned towards
S3Br. Ka1tyS3r.; inclined or favourable to (gen. or comp.), propitious Ka1v. Katha1s.
Pan5cat.; intent upon (loc. or comp.) S3atr. Katha1s.; adapted to circumstances, fit,
suitable Lalit.; with the mouth or face A1pS3r.; (%{am}) ind. towards, near to (%
{atmanaH}, `" one's self "'); opposite, in front or in presence of (gen.) MBh. Ka1v. &c.;
(%{e}) ind. opposite, before, face to face, in front or in presence or in the beginning of
(gen. or comp.; with %{bhU}, `" to oppose, resist "'; with %{sthA}, to look any one in the

face "') ib.

sammuuDhaaH = befooled by material identification
sammohaM = into delusion
samnidhau = in the presence of, close
saMnives'ayitavya* = mfn. (fr. id.) to be placed or made to enter or inserted S3am2k
samnyasi = one who has renounced the world
samnyasta = one who has renounced
samnyasya = giving up completely
samnyaasa = of renunciation
samnyaasaM = renunciation
samnyaasaH = renunciation of work
samnyaasanaat.h = by renunciation
samnyaasasya = of renunciation
samnyaasii = renouncer

saMnyAsin * = mfn. laying aside, giving up, abandoning, renouncing, Asht2a1vS.;

abstaining from food Bhat2t2.; m. one who abandons or resigns worldly affairs, an
ascetic, devotee (who has renounced all earthly concerns and devotes himself, to
meditation and the study of the A1ran2yakas or Upanishadas, a Bra1hman in the fourth
A1s3rama [q.v.] or stage of his life, a religious mendicant; cf. RTL. 53, 55 &c.) Up. MBh.
Pur.; (%{-si})%{-tA} f. %{-tva} n. abandonment of worldly concerns, retirement from the
world MW.; %{-darzana} n. N. of a ch. of the PadmaP.; %{saMdhyA} f. %{samArAdhana} n. N. of wks.
samnyaasiinaaM = for the renounced order
samnyaasena = by the renounced order of life
saMnyas* = P. {-asyati} (rarely {-asati}), to, throw down together, place or put or lay
together S'Br.; to impose, put or lay upon, intrust or commit to (gen. or loc.) Mn. MBh.
&c.; to put or lay down, deposit MBh. Kv. &c.; to lay aside, give up, abandon, resign
(esp. the world i.e. become an ascetic or Sannysin) Mn. MBh. &c.
saMnyasana* = n. throwing down, laying aside, giving up, resignation, renunciation of
worldly concerns Bhag.
saMnyasta* = mfn. thrown down, laid aside, relinquished, abandoned, deserted MBh.
Kv. &c.; encamped R.; deposited, intrusted, consigned ib.; {-deha} mfn. one who has
given up his body MW.; {-zastra} mfn. one who has laid aside his weapons Ragh.
saMnyaasa* = m. (ifc. f. {A}) putting or throwing down, laying aside, resignation,
abandonment of (gen. or comp.) MBh. R. Sarvad.; renunciation of the world, profession

of asceticism Mn. MBh. &c.; abstinence from food L.; giving up the body, sudden death
W.; complete exhaustion Sus'r.; deposit, trust R. Mriicch.; compact, agreement Kaths.;
stake, wager MBh.; Indian spikenard L.; {-karma-kArikA} f. N. of wk.; {-grahaNa} n.
assuming or practising asceticism Pacar.; {-grahaNa-paddhati} f. {-grahaNaratnamAlA} f. {-grAhyapaddhati} f. {-dIpikA} f. {-dharma-saMgraha} m. {-nirNaya} m.
{-pada-maJjarI} f. {-paddhati} f. N. of wks.; {-pallI}, F. (for {-si-p-}?) an ascetic's hut L.;
{-bheda-nirNaya} m. {-rIti} f. N. of wks.; {-vat} mfn. connected with asceticism L.; {vidhi}, m.; {-sA7zrama-vicAra} m. {-sA7hnika} n. {-so7paniSad} f. N. of wks.
saMnyaasin* = mfn. laying aside, giving up, abandoning, renouncing, AshthvS.;
abstaining from food Bhathth.; m. one who abandons or resigns worldly affairs, an
ascetic, devotee (who has renounced all earthly concerns and devotes himself, to
meditation and the study of the ranyakas or Upanishadas, a Brhman in the fourth
s'rama [q.v.] or stage of his life, a religious mendicant; cf. RTL. 53, 55 &c.) Up. MBh.
Pur.; ({-si}){-tA} f. {-tva} n. abandonment of worldly concerns, retirement from the
world MW.; {-darzana} n. N. of a ch. of the PadmaP.; {saMdhyA} f. {-samArAdhana} n.
N. of wks.
saMnyaasika* = in {veda-s-} (q.v.)
saaMnyaasika* = mfn. (fr. {sam-nyAsa}) forming the original or correct text Pat. on iii,
2, 107, Vartt. 2; m. a Brhman in the fourth stage of his life, religious mendicant L.
sampaadaka = (m) editor
saMpaadakaH = (m) editor

sampaadakaH = (m) editor

sampaadana = editting
sampaadikaa = (f) editor
samparaaya *= m. (fr. %{sam-parA}. 5. %{i}) decease , death Vas. BhP. ; existence
from eternity , Sa1n2d2. ; conflict , war , battle Suparn2. Das3. ; calamity , adversity L. ;
futurity , future time L. ; a son W.
sampat.h = assets
sampatti = prosperity
sampat *= to fly or rush together (in a friendly or hostile manner), encounter, meet any
one (acc.), meet with (instr.) RV. &c. &c.; to fly along, fly to, hasten towards, arrive at,
reach (acc. or loc.) AitBr. MBh. &c.; to fly or fall down, alight on (loc.) MBh.; to go or
roam about R. VarBriS.; to come to pass, take place, happen, occur MBh. Hariv.: Caus.
{-pAtayati}, to cause to fly or fall, throw or hurl down R. BhP.
sampat * =in comp. for {samp ad]
sampad *: to fall or happen well, turn out well, succeed, prosper, accrue to (dat. or gen.)
AV. &c. &c.; to become full or complete (as a number), amount to Br. ChUp. Hariv.; to
fall together, meet or unite with, obtain, get into, partake of (instr. or acc.) Br. Mn. MBh.
&c.; to enter into, be absorbed in (acc. or loc.) ChUp. BhP.; to be produced, be brought
forth, be born, arise MBh. R.; to become, prove, turn into (nom.) MBh. Kv. &c.; to be
conducive to,

sampa4d *: success, accomplishment, completion, fulfilment, perfection Yj. MBh. &c.;

a condition or requisite of success &c. BhP.; concord, agreement, stipulation, bargain
TS. s'vS'r.; equalization of similar things S'ank.; attainment, acquisition, possession,
enjoyment, advantage, benefit, blessing VarBriS. Sarvad. Pur.; turning into, growing,
becoming S'ank.; being, existence
sampad* = . {-padyate} (in some forms also P.; ind. p. {-pAdam} q.v.), to fall or
happen well, turn out well, succeed, prosper, accrue to (dat. or gen.) AV. &c. &c.; to
become full or complete (as a number), amount to Br. ChUp. Hariv.; to fall together,
meet or unite with, obtain, get into, partake of (instr. or acc.) Br. Mn. MBh. &c.; to enter
into, be absorbed in (acc. or loc.) ChUp. BhP.; to be produced, be brought forth, be born,
arise MBh. R.; to become, prove, turn into (nom.) MBh. Kv. &c.; to be conducive to,
produce (dat.) Pacat. Vrtt. on Pn. 2-3, 13; (with adv. in {sAt}) to become thoroughly
Pn. 5-4, 53; to fall into a Persos, power ib. 54; (with adv. in {tra}) to fall to a persos
share ib. 55; to produce a partic. sound (as that expressed by an onomatopoetic word in
{A}) Vop. vii, 88: Caus. {-pAdayati} (rarely {-te}), to cause to succeed, cause to arise,
bring about, produce, effect, accomplish (with {zuzrUSAm} and gen., `" to obey "') MBh.
Kv. &c.; to make full, complete S'Br. BhP.; to transform, make or turn into (acc.)
Kaths.; to provide or furnish with (instr.; with {kriyayA}, to charge or entrust a person
with a business "') S'Br. MBh. [1172, 1] SaddhP.; to afford to, procure for (dat. or gen.)
AitBr. MBh. &c.; to attain, obtain, acquire AV. R. &c.; to ponder on, deliberate MBh.; to
consent, agree Br. ChUp.: Desid. of Caus. {-pipAdayiSati} (see {sam-pipAdayiSA} &c.,
col, 2): Intens. {-panIpadyate}, to fit well Sarvad.
sampadaM = assets
sampadyate = he attains

sampanna = endowed with * = mfn. fallen or turned out well, accomplished, effected,
perfect, excellent (ifc. or with loc. = `" perfectly acquainted or conversant with "') AV.
&c. &c.; of perfect or correct flavour, palatable, dainty s'vGri. MBh. R.; endowed or
furnished with, possessed of (instr. adv. in {-tas}, or comp. also with transposition of the
members; cf. below) S'Br. MBh. &c.; (ifc.) become, turned into R.; m. N. of S'iva MBh.;
({am}) n. dainty food, a delicacy MBh. xiii, 4567; {-krama} m. a partic. Samdhi
Buddh.; {-kskIrA} f. giving good milk (superl. {-ra-tamA}) Ks'. on Pn. 2-3, 41; {-MkAram} ind. making dainty, seasoning ib. iii 4, 26; {-tama} mfn. most complete or
perfect, AitAr.; {-tara} mfn. more or most dainty or delicate R.; {-tA} f. the being
endowed with or possessed of (comp.) Das'.; {-danta} mfn. possessing teeth s'vGri.; {pAnIya} mfn. rich in water Pat. on Pn. 1-2, 52; {-rUpa} mfn. of perfect form, complete
MW.; dainty, delicate ib.
sampanne = fully equipped
samparaaya * = m. (fr. %{sam-parA}. 5. %{i}) decease, death Vas. BhP.; existence
from eternity, Sa1n2d2.; conflict, war, battle Suparn2. Das3.; calamity, adversity L.;
futurity, future time L.; a son W.
samparikhyaa* =P. %{-khyAti}, to communicate completely, relate in full MBh.
samparka = contact
sampashyan.h = considering
saMpashyan.h = (pr.participle) looking at
sampiiDa * = m. pressing or squeezing together, pressure Kir. ; (%{A}) f. pain, torture

Gobh. Mn. Hariv.

sampiiDana * = n. compression, pressing, squeezing (also as a partic. fault in
pronunciation) MBh. Ka1v. &c.
samplava* = m. flowing together, meeting or swelling (of waters), flood, deluge R. Hariv.
BhP. a dense mass, heap, multitude Mn. MBh. &c.; conglomeration, taking a form or
shape, rise, origin BhP.; noise, tumult (esp. of battle) Hariv. R.; submersion by water,
destruction, ruin Yj. MBh. Kv. &c.; end, close of (comp.) BhP.
samplutodake = in a great reservoir of water
sampradaaya * = m. a bestower, presenter S3a1rn3gP.; tradition, established doctrine
transmitted from one teacher to another, traditional belief or usage Gr2S3rS. &c. &c.;
any peculiar or sectarian system of religious teaching, sect RTL. 61; 62; %{-candrikA} f.
N. of wk.; %{-tas} ind. according to tradition MW.; %{-nirUpaNa} n. %{-paddhati} f. %{parizuddhi} f. %{-prakAzinI}, f. %{-pradIpa} m. %{-pradIpa-paddhati} f. N. of wks.; %{pradyotaka} m. a revealer of the tradition of the Veda, Kusum.; %{-prA7pta} mfn.
obtained through tradition MW.; %{-vigama} m. want or loss of tradition S3is3.; %{-vid}
m. one versed in traditional doctrines or usages Sa1y.
sampradis' *= P. %{-dizati}, to point out or indicate fully, appoint, designate MBh. BhP.
samprakiirtitaH = is declared
sampramatta * = mfn. ( {mad}) very excited (said of an elephant in rut) Hariv.; very
careless, thoughtless, neglectful MBh. [1175, 3]; very fond of (inf.) ib. viii, 3509 (B. {sampra-vRtta}).

sampratishhThaa = the foundation

samprapad * = A1. %{-padyate} (in some forms also P.), to go towards or enter
together, approach, enter (acc.) AitBr. BhP.; to set out (on a journey acc.) Hariv.; to
betake one's self or have recourse to (acc.) MBh. Hariv. BhP.; to succeed, be
accomplished Pan5cat.; to become, be turned into (%{-sAt}) Bhat2t2.; to set about,
begin MW.
samprapad.h = to become
sampradaaya* = m. a bestower, presenter S3a1rn3gP.; tradition, established doctrine
transmitted from one teacher to another, traditional belief or usage Gr2S3rS. &c. &c.;
any peculiar or sectarian system of religious teaching, sect RTL. 61; 62; %{-candrikA} f.
N. of wk.; %{-tas} ind. according to tradition MW.; %{-nirUpaNa} n. %{-paddhati} f. %{parizuddhi} f. %{-prakAzinI}, f. %{-pradIpa} m. %{-pradIpa-paddhati} f. N. of wks.; %{pradyotaka} m. a revealer of the tradition of the Veda, Kusum.; %{-prA7pta} mfn.
obtained through tradition MW.; %{-vigama} m. want or loss of tradition S3is3.; %{-vid}
m. one versed in traditional doctrines or usages Sa1y.
sampraaz *= (%{-pra-} 2. %{az}) P. %{-prA7znAti} , to eat , enjoy Hcat.
sampras'aanta *= mfn. ( %{zam}) ceased , disappeared MBh.
sampras'aas *= P. %{-zAsti} , (with %{rajyam}) to exercise government , bear sway , rule
, reign MBh.

sampras'na *= m. asking, inquiring about (comp.), inquiry, question (%{-prazno} "' %

{tra@na@vidyate}, `" there is here no question, it is a matter of course "') RV. MBh.
Ka1v. &c.; courteous inquiry MW.; a refuge, asylum (Ved.) ib.
sampras'na *= %{sam-praSTavya} see %{sam-prach} , p. 1174 , col. L.
saampras'nika *= mfn. (fr. %{samprazna}) g. %{chedaa7di}.
sampras'raya *= m. respectful demeanour , modesty , humbleness BhP.
sampras'rita *= mfn. modest , humble , well-behaved MW.
sampravaaha * = m. continuous stream, uninterrupted continuity Kd. BhP.
sampraapta * = mfn. well reached or attained, obtained, gained &c.; one who has
reached or attained, arrived at, met with, fallen into (acc.) MBh. Kv. &c.; (ifc.)
extending to Sus'r.; come, become, appeared, arrived (as a period of time) Mn. MBh.
&c.; sprung or descended from ({-tas}) Mn. ix, 141; {-yauvana} mfn. one who has fully
attained youth or manhood, come of age MBh.; {-vidya} mfn. one who has acquired all
knowledge ib.
sampravrittaani = although developed
samprekshya = looking
sampuurNa = full
saMpuurNam.h = complete, finis, over

saMpraapte = ( when you have) reached/obtained

samprApta * = mfn. well reached or attained, obtained, gained &c. ; one who has
reached or attained, arrived at, met with, fallen into (acc.) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; (ifc.)
extending to Sus3r. ; come, become, appeared, arrived (as a period of time) Mn. MBh.
&c. ; sprung or descended from (%{-tas}) Mn. ix, 141 ; %{-yauvana} mfn. one who has
fully attained youth or manhood, come of age MBh. ; %{-vidya} mfn. one who has
acquired all knowledge ib.
saMpraapnoti = attains
saMrambha * = m. (ifc. f. {A}) the act of grasping or taking hold of. MBh. iv, 1056 (C.);
vehemence, impetuosity, agitation, flurry MBh. Kv. &c.; excitement, zeal, eagerness,
enthusiasm, ardent desire for or to (inf, or comp.) Kv. Rjat.; anger, fury, wrath against
(loc. or {upari} with gen.) Mn. MBh. &c.; angriness (i.e.) inflammation or irritation of a
sore or wound Sus'r.; pride, arrogance W.; intensity, high degree (ibc.= `" intensely "')
Kv. Kaths.; the brunt (of battle) Rjat.; beginning (= {A-rambha}) MW.; {-tAmra} mf.
red with fury ib.; {-dRz} mfn. having inflamed or angry eyes, Bhp.; {-paruSa} mfn. harsh
from rage, intensely or exceedingly harsh or rough W.; {-rasa} mfn. having angry or
impetuous feelings ib.; {-rUkSa} mfn. exceedingly harsh or cruel Vikr. iii, 20; {-vat} mfn.
wrathful, angry Harav.; {-vega} m. the vilence or impetuosity. of wrath MW.
samriddha = with full * = mfn. accomplished, succeeded, fulfilled, perfect, very
successful or prosperous or flourishing, fortunate AV. Br. ChUp. MBh. R.; full-grown (as
trees) MBh.; complete, whole, entire ib.; fully furnished or abundantly endowed with
(instr. abl., or comp.) S'Br. Mn. MBh. &c.; rich, wealthy ib. Kaths.; plenteous,
abundant, much Ratna7v.; m. N. of a serpent-demon MBh.; {-tejas} mfn. endowed with

splendour or strength R.; {-yazas} mfn. rich in fame, renowned, celebrated MW.; {-vega}
mfn. increasing in speed, excessively swift Bhag.; {-ddhA7rtha} mfn. having increased
substance or wealth, increasing in resources R. [1171,2]
samriddhaM = flourishing
samriddhavegaH = with full speed
saMruddha * = mfn. stopped completely, detained, obstructed, hindered &c.;
surrounded by (comp.) Mn. BhP.; held, closed Katha1s.; invested, besieged R.; covered,
concealed, obscured MBh. R.; stopped up, filled with R. Katha1s. BhP.; withheld, refused
Nir.; %{-ceSTa} mfn. one whose motion is impeded Ragh.; %{-prajanana} mfn. one who
is hindered from having offspring Nir. v, 2.
saMsaaraanta* = m. the end of mmundane exexistence or of human life Bhartr
saMsaara* = m. going or wandering through, undergoing transmigration MaitrUp.;
course, passage, passing through a succession of states, circuit of mundane existence,
transmigration, metempsychosis, the world, secular life, worldly illusion ({A saMsArAt},
`" from the beginning of the world "') Up. Mn. MBh. &c. [1119,3]; w.r. for {saM-cAra}
Bhartri.
saMsaarakupa * =m. the world comp. compared to a well or pit BhP.
saMsaara-cakra * =n. the world compared to a wheel MaitrUp.
saMsaarataru* =m. the wworld compcompared to a tree BhP.

saMsaarabIja * =n. the seed or origin of the world Sarvad.

saMsaaravat * =mfn. possessing or liable to mundane exexistence, AshthtvS.
saMsaarasAra * =m. the quintessence of (the joys of) the world Dhrtas.
saMsaarasukha. the joys of the world Caurap.
samsarga = company
saMsaara *= m. going or wandering through , undergoing transmigration MaitrUp. ;
course , passage , passing through a succession of states , circuit of mundane existence ,
transmigration , metempsychosis , the world , secular life , worldly illusion (%
{A@saMsArAt} , `" from the beginning of the world "') Up. Mn. MBh. &c. [1119,3] ; w.r.
for %{saM-cAra} Bhartr2.
saMsaara *= world 2 // *= saMsaara: m. going or wandering through, undergoing
transmigration MaitrUp.; course, passage, passing through a succession of states, circuit
of mundane existence, transmigration, metempsychosis, the world, secular life, worldly
illusion (%{A@saMsArAt}, `" from the beginning of the world "') Up. Mn. MBh. &c.
[1119,3]; w.r. for %{saM-cAra} Bhartr2.
samsaaraH = world/family
samsaaraat.h = fromthe world
samsaariNo = ordinary family man

samsaare = world
samsaareshhu = into the ocean of material existence
saMsevaa* = f. visiting, frequenting BhP.; use, employment ib.; attendance, reverence,
worship ib.; (ifc.) inclination to, predilection for Rjat.
saMsiddhi * = f. complete accomplishment or fulfilment, perfection, success Gobh. MBh.
&c.; perfect state, beatitude, final emancipation Mn. MBh. Pur.; the Iast consequence or
result BhP.; fixed or settled opinion, the last or decisive word R. (L. also= `" nature "'; `"
natural state or quality "'; `" a passionate or intoxicated woman "').
saMsaraNa n. going about , walking or wandering through MBh. ; passing through a
succession of states , birth and rebirth of living beings , the world BhP. Sarvad. ; the
unobstructed march of an army L. ; the commencement of war or battle L. ; a highway ,
principal road L. ; a resting-place for passengers near the gates of a city W.
sams'aya = doubt* = m. (ifc. f. {A}) lying down to rest or sleep L.; uncertainty,
irresolution, hesitation, doubt in or of (loc., acc. with {prati}, or comp; {saMzayaH}, with
Pot., `" there is doubt whether "'; {na} {s-}, {nA7sti s-}, {nA7tra s-}, {na hi s-}, {nA7sty
atra-s-} &c., `" there is no doubt "', `" without doubt "') s'vS'r. Mn. MBh. &c.; a
doubtful matter Car.; (in Nyya) doubt about the point to be discussed (one of the 16
categories) IW. 64; difficulty, danger, risk of or in or to (gen. loc., or comp.) s'vGri.
MBh. &c.; {-kara} mf({I})n. causing doubt or risk, dangerous to (comp.) S'is'.; {kAraNA7rthA7patti-pUrva-pakSa-rahasya} n. {-kAraNA7rthA7patti-rahasya} n. N. of
Nyya wks.; {-gata} mfn. fallen into danger S'ak.; {-ccheda} m. the solution of doubt ({dya} mfn. relating to it) Ragh.; {-cchedin} mfn. clearing all doubt, decisive S'ak.; {-

tattva-nirUpaNa} n. {-pakSatA-rahasya} n. {-pakSatA-vAda}, m. {-parI7kSA} f. {-vAda}

m. {-vAdA7rtha} m. N. of wks.; {-sama} m. (in Nyya) one of the 24 Jtis or selfconfuting replies Nyyas. Sarvad. (cf. IW. 64); {-sama-prakaraNa} n. N. of wk.; {-stha}
mfn. being in uncertainty, doubtful W.; {-yA7kSepa} m. `" removal of doubt "', a partic.
figure of speech Kvya7d. ii, 163; 164; {-yA7tmaka} mfn. consisting of doubt, dubious,
uncertain Pacat.; {-yA7tman} mfn. having a doubtful mind, a sceptic Bhag. Sarvad.; {yA7numiti} f. {-yA7numiti-rahasya} n. N. of wks.; {-yA7panna} mfn. beset with doubt,
dubious ({-mAnasa} mfn. irresolute in mind) W.; {-yA7vaha} mfn. causing danger,
dangerous to (gen. or comp.) MBh.; {-yo7cchedin} mfn. resolving doubts Hit., Introd.; {yo7pamA} f. a comparison expressed in the form of a doubt Kvya7d. ii, 26; {yo7pe7ta}
mfn. possessed of uncertainty, doubtful, uncertain MW.
sams'ayaM = doubts
sams'ayaH = doubt
sams'ayasya = of the doubt
samshitavrataaH = taken to strict vows
saMshodhanam.h = (n) research, discovery
samshuddha = washed off
samshuddhiH = purification
samshritaaH = having taken shelter of

samsiddhaH = he who is mature

samsiddhiM = in perfection
saMsiddhi * = f. complete accomplishment or fulfilment, perfection, success Gobh. MBh.
&c.; perfect state, beatitude, final emancipation Mn. MBh. Pur.; the Iast consequence or
result BhP.; fixed or settled opinion, the last or decisive word R. (L. also= `" nature "'; `"
natural state or quality "'; `" a passionate or intoxicated woman "').
samsiddhau = for perfection
saMskaaraaH = (Masc.Nom.Pl.) prescribed ritual duties(16?)
saMskaara* = m. (ifc. f. {A}) putting together, forming well, making perfect,
accomplishment, embellishment adornment, purification, cleansing, making ready,
preparation, dressing (of food), refining (of metals), polishing (of gems), rearing (of
animals or plants) GriS'rS. MBh. Kv., &c.; cleansing the body, toilet, attire Hariv.;
forming the mind, training, education R. Ragh.; correction (also in an astronomical
sense Sryas.), correct formation or use of a word Nir. Sarvad.; correctness, purity (esp.
of pronunciation or expression) MBh. R. &c.; making sacred, hallowing, consecration
Mn. MBh. &c.; a sacred or sanctifying ceremony, one which purifies from the taint of sin
contracted in the, womb and leading to regeneration (12 such ceremonies are enjoined
on the first three or twice-born classes in Mn. ii, 27, viz. 1. {garbhA7dhAna}, 2. {puMsavana}, 3. {sImanto7nnayana}, 4. {jAta-karman}, 5. {nAmakarman}, 6. {niSkramaNa},
7. {anna-prA7zana}, 8. {cUDA-karman}, 9. {upanayana}, 10. {kezA7nta}, 11.
{samAvartana}, 12. {vivAha}, qq. vv.; accord. to Gaut. viii, 8 &c. there are 40 Sanskras)
GriS. Mn. MBh. &c. (IW.188; 192 &c. RTL. 353) [1120, 3]; the ceremony performed on a

dead body (i.e. cremation) R.; any purificatory ceremony W.; the faculty of memory,
mental impression or recollection, impression on the mind of acts done in a former state
of existence (one of the 24 qualities of the Vais'eshikas, including {bhAvanA}, the faculty
of reproductive imagination "') Kan. Sarvad. (IW. 69); (pl., with Buddhists) a mental
conformation or creation of the mind (such as that of the external world, regarded by it
as real, though actually non-existent, and forming the second link in the twelvefold chain
of causation or the fourth of the 5 Skandhas) Dharmas. 22; 42; a polishing stone MW.
saMskrita * = (or {sa4M-skRta}) mfn. put together, constructed, well or completely
formed, perfected Lalit.; made ready, prepared, completed, finished RV. &c. &c.:
dressed, cooked (as food) MBh. R. BhP.; purified, consecrated, sanctified, hallowed,
initiated S'Br. &c. &c.; refined, adorned, ornamented, polished, highly elaborated (esp.
applied to highly wrought speech, such as the Sanskriit language as opp, to the
vernaculars) Mn. MBh. &c.; m. a man of one of the three classes who has been sanctified
by the purificatory rites W.; a Iearned man MW.; a word formed according to accurate
rules, a regular derivation ib.; ({a4m}) n. making ready, preparation or a prepared
place, sacrifice RV. TS. S'Br. GriS'rS.; a sacred usage or custom MW.; the Sanskriit
language (cf. above) S'iksh. Bhar. Das'ar. &c.; {-tva} n. the being prepared or made
ready &c. Jaim.; {-maJjarI} f. N. of wk.; {-maya} mf({I}) u. consisting of Sanskriit,
Ks'ikh.; {-mAlA} f. {-ratna-mAlA} f. {-vAkya-ratnA7valI} f. N. of wks.; {-vat} mfn. one
who has perfected or elaborated or finished MW.; {-tA7tman} m. one who has received
the purificatory rites Mn. x, 110; a sage W.; {-to7kti} f. refined or polished language, a
Sanskriit word or expression Hit. [1121, 1]
saMskriti * f. making ready, preparation, perfection VS. &c. &c.; formation AitBr.;
hallowing, consecration BhP.; determination, effort L.; m. N. of Krishna MBh. (B. {saMskRta}); of a king VP. (v.l. {saM-kRti}).

saMskritatra * = n. a bench used in sacrificing or slaughtering animals RV. vi, 28, 4.

saMskritrima * mfn. highly polished, artificially adorned (in {a-saMskR-}) Bhathth.
saMsriti * = f. course, revolution, (esp.) passage through successive states of existence,
course of mundane existence, transmigration, the world (%{-cakra} n. and %{-cakravAla} n. "' the wheel or circle of mundane existence), Asht2ivS. BhP.
saMstu* = 1. P. {-stauti}, to praise together with (instr.) Nir. vii, 6; to praise all at once,
ivS'r.; to praise properly or well, laud, celebrate MBh.; kv. &c.
saMstR* = (or - {stRR}) P.. {-striNoti}, {-stRNute}; {-stRNAti}, {-stRNIte} (ep. also {starati}), to spread out (side by side), extend TS. S'Br.; to strew over, cover KaushUp.
MBh. Sus'r.; to spread, make even, level Kaus'.
saMsthAna* = mfn. standing together MW.; like, resembling W.; applied to Vishnu
MBh.; m. (pl.) N. of a people ib.; n. (ifc. f. {A}) staying or abiding in (comp.) Hit. (cf.
{dUra-s-}); standing still or firm (in a battle) Gaut.; being, existence, life MBh. S'ank.
BhP.; abiding by, strict adherence or obedience to (comp.) Km.; abode, dwelling-place,
habitation Nir. KaushUp. MBh. &c.; a public place (in a town) Mn. MBh. &c.; shape,
form, appearance (often with {rUpa}) MBh. R. &c.; beauty, splendour MBh.; the
symptom of a disease Sus'r.; nature, state, condition BhP.; an aggregate, whole, totality
BhP.; termination, conclusion MaitrS.; end, death L.; formation L.; vicinty,
neighbourhood L.; {-cArin} w.r. for {sa-sthAsnu-c-}; {-bhukti} f. (with {kAlasya}) the
passage through various periods of time BhP.; {-vat} mfn. being, existing R.; having
various forms Km.

saMsthAsnu* = see {sa-sthAsnu-cArin}.

saMsthita* = mfn. standing (as opp. to `" lying "' or `" sitting "') Yj.; one who has
stood or held out (in fight) MrkP.; placed, resting, lying, sitting, being in or on ({upari}
loc., or comp.) Yj. MBh. &c.; abiding, remaining, left standing (for a long time, as
food; with {tathai9va}, remaining in the same condition "') Yj. VarBriS. Ragh.; lasting,
enduring MBh.; imminent, future Hariv.; shaped, formed (cf. {duH-} and {su-s-}),
appearing in a partic. shape or form, formed like, resembling (often ifc.; with
{navadhA}, `" ninefold "'; with {masI-rUpeNa}, `" appearing in the form of black ink "')
MBh. Kv. &c.; being in a partic. state or condition, addicted or given to, intent upon
(loc. or comp.) Hariv. Kv. VarBriS.; founded or based upon (loc.) MBh.; directed to
wards, fixed upon (comp.) BhP.; relating to, concerning (loc. or comp.) Km. MrkP.;
skilled in, acquainted or familiar with (loc.) MBh. R.; started, set out for (dat. or
{abhimukham}) R.; frequented (as a place) Mn. viii, 371; finished, concluded,
completed, ready Br. S'rS.; perished, died (n. impers.) Mn. MBh. BhP.; near or
contiguous to W.; heaped, collected ib.; n. conduct Cat.; form, shape MBh.; {-yaju4s} n.
the final sacrificial formula and the oblation connected with it Br.; {-vat} mfn. (pl, = 3.
pl. pf.; pl. [with {sukhena}] `" they lived happily together "') Pacat.; {-homa} m. a final
sacrifice, S'rS
saMsthiti* = f. staying together, living in or with or near, union with (loc.) Mn. MBh. &c.
[1122,1]; standing or sitting on (loc.) Yj. i, 139; duration, continuance in the same state
or condition Hariv. Km.; constancy, perseverance Hariv. BhP.; being bent upon,
attaching importance to (loc.) Mn. ix, 14; existence, possibility of (gen. or comp.)
MrkP.; form, shape ib.; established order Km. VyuP.; nature, condition, quality,
property Yj. MBh. Pur.; conclusion, completion (of a sacrifice) TS. TBr. Vait.; end,
death Pur.; obstruction of the bowels, constipation Sus'r.; heap, accumulation W.;

restraint ib.
saMSThula* = see {vi-s-}, p. 953, col. 1.
saMsthaa = (f) organisation, company
saMsthaa*= saMsthA 1. {-tiSThate} (Pn. 1-3, 22; ep. and m. c. also P. {-tiSThati}; Ved.
inf. {-sthAtos} pS'r.), to stand together, hold together (pf. p. du. {-tasthAne4}, said of
heaven and earth) RV.; to come or stay near (loc.) ib. VS. S'Br.; to meet (as enemies),
come into conflict RV.; to stand still, remain, stay, abide (lit. and fig.; with {vAkye}, to
obey "') MBh. R. &c.; to be accomplished or completed (esp. applied to rites) Br. S'rS.
Mn. MBh. BhP.; to prosper, succeed, get on well MBh.; to come to an end, perish, be lost,
die MBh. Kv. BhP.; to become, be turned into or assume the form of (acc.) Lalit.: Caus
{-sthApayati} (subj. aor. {tiSTipaH} S'Br.), to cause to stand up or firm, raise on their
legs again (fallen horses) MBh.; to raise up, restore (dethroned kings) ib.; to confirm,
encourage, comfort ({AtmAnam}, or {hRdayam}, one's self "' i.e. `" take heart again "')
Kv. Pacat.; to fix or place upon or in (loc.) Kaus'. MBh. &c.; to put or add to ({uparI})
Yj.; to build (a town) Hariv.; to heap, store up (goods) VarBriS.; to found, establish,
fix, settle, introduce, set a foot MBh. R. Rjat.; to cause to stand still, stop, restrain,
suppress (breath, semen &c.) AitBr.; to accomplish, conclude, complete (esp. a rite) Br.
Kaus'. MBh.; to put to death, kill S'Br. MBh.; to perform the last office for i.e. to burn,
cremate (a dead body) S'nkhBr.; to put to subjection, subject MW.: Desid. of Caus. {sthApayiSati}, to wish to finish or conclude S'nkhBr.
saMstha* = mf({A})n. standing together, standing or staying or resting or being in or on,
contained in (loc. or comp.) MBh. Kv. &c.; being in or with, belonging to (loc. or comp.)
Mn. MBh. &c.; based or resting or dependent on (loc.) MBh.; partaking or possessed of

(comp.) MBh. Pacat.; existing, lasting for a time (comp.) Vet.; ended, perished, dead
L.; ({saM-stha4}) m. presence (only loc. `" in the presence or midst of. "' with {cid}, `"
by one's mere presence "') RV.; a spy, secret emissary (cf. {saMsthA} below) L.; a
dweller, resident, inhabitant W.; a fellow-countryman, neighbour ib.; ({A4}) f. see next.
saMsthaa4 * = f. (ifc. f. {A}) staying or abiding with (comp.) MBh.; shape, form,
manifestation, appearance (ifc. `" appearing as "') Up. MBh. &c.; established order,
standard, rule, direction (acc. with {kR} or Caus. of {sthA}, to establish or fix a rule or
obligation for one's self "'; with {vyati-kram} or {paribhid}, `" to transgress or break an
established rule or obligation "') MBh. R. &c.; quality, property, nature Kv. Pur.;
conclusion, termination, completion TS. S'Br. &c. [1121, 3]; end, death Pur.; destruction
of the world (= {pralaya}, said to be of four kinds, viz. {naimittika}, {prAkRtika}, {nitya},
{Atyantika}) ib.; a complete liturgical course, the basis or essential form of a sacrifice
(the Jyotih-shthoma, Havir-yaja, and Pka-yaia consist of seven such forms) S'rS.;
killing ({pazu-s-}, `" killing of the sacrificial animal "') BhP.; cremation (of a body; also
{pre7ta-s-}) ib.; (prob.) = {zrAddha} MrkP.; a spy or secret emissary in a king's own
country (= {cara} m. prob. a group of five spies consisting of a {vaNij} "', merchant "',
{bhikSu}, `" mendicant "', {chAttra} "', pupil "', {lingin} "', one who falsely wears the
mark of a twice-born "', and {kRSIvala}, `" husbandman "' cf. {paJca-varga}, and Mn.
vii, 154 Kull.) Km.; continuation in the right way L.; occupation, business, profession
W.; an assembly ib.; a royal ordinance ib.; {-kRta} mfn. settled, determined Hariv.; {-gAra} ({-thA7g-}) m. n. a meeting-house Lalit.; {-japa} m. a closing prayer s'vS'r.; {tva} n. the being a form or shape BhP.; {-paddhati} f. N. of wk.; {--vayava-vat} ({-thA7v}) mfn. having a shape and limbs BhP.
saMstuta * = mfn. praised or hymned together TS. TBr. Nir.; praised, celebrated,
extolled Hariv. R. Pur.; counted together (as one Stotra), reckoned together TS. Br.

KtyS'r.; equal to, passing for (instr. or comp.) past. Kaths. BhP.; acquainted
familiar, intimate Kv. VarBriS. Rjat.; {-tva} n. the being praised together ChUp.; {prA7ya} mfn. for the most part lauded or hymned together, associated in hymns MW.
samsthaapanaarthaaya = to reestablish
samsparshajaaH = by contact with the material senses
samsparshana = (neut) contact
samsmritya = remembering
samskaara = impression, conditioning
samskrit.h = Sanskrit
samskrita = refined
samskritashikshaNaM = learning of Sanskrit
samskriti = culture
saMsri* = P. {-sarati} (in. c. also {-te}), to flow together with. (instr.) RV. ix, 97, 45; to go
about, wander or walk or roam through MBh. Kv. &c.; to walk or pass through (a
succession of states), undergo transmigration, enter or pass into (acc.) Mn. MBh. &c.; to
be diffused or spread into (acc.) MBh.; to come forth BhP.: Caus. {-sArayati}, to cause to
pass through a succession of states or to undergo transmigration Mn. BhP.; to introduce,
push into (loc.) MBh. xii, 7878; to put off, defer ib. v, 1004; to use, employ ib. xii, 11,932.

saMsriti* = f. course, revolution, (esp.) passage through successive states of existence,

course of mundane existence, transmigration, the world ({-cakra} n. and {-cakra-vAla}
n. "' the wheel or circle of mundane existence), AshthivS. BhP.
saMsrishtha* = mfn. gathered together, collected RV. x, 84, 7; brought forth or born
together (as a litter of animals) VS.; associated or connected together (as partners or
brothers who combine their property after division), Ma. Yj.; united, combined,
mingled or mixed with, involved in (instr.) VS. S'Br. R. &c.; nearly related or acquainted
friendly, familiar MBh. R. Hariv.; affected with (comp.) Sus'r.; connected with,
belonging to (comp.) Hariv.; mixed, of various kinds, both good and bad in quality &c.
S'Br. Car.; accomplished, performed (cf. {-maithuna}); cleared through vomiting &c. L.;
cleanly dressed W.; created MW.; m. N. of a fabulous mountain Krand.; ({am}) n. near
relationship, friendship, intimacy ({-taM} {car}, with loc., `" to enter on intimate
relations with "') AitBr. MBh.; {-karman} mfn. denoting mixed or various actions Nir.; {ji4t} mfn. victorious in contest RV.; {tva} n. commixture, union, association Sank.; (in
law) voluntary reunion or co-residence of kinsmen (as of father and son or of brothers
with each other, after partition of the family property) Dyabh.; {-dhaya4} mfn. sucking
(as a calf) and left with (the cow) TBr.; {-bhAva} m. near relationship, friendship R.; {maithuna} mf({A})n. one who has performed sexual intercourse Yj.; {-rUpa} mfn.
mixed in form or kind, adulterated W.; {-homa} m. a common oblation (to Agni and
Srya) TBr.
saMsrishthi* = ({sa4M-}) f. union, combination, association, intercourse MaitrS.; living
together in one family W.; collection, collecting, assembling ib.; (in rhet.) the association
of two distinct metaphors in close proximity in one sentence (cf. {saMkara}) Vm. Sh.
saMsrishthin* = m. a re-united kinsman (said of relatives who, after partition of the

family inheritance, again live together, annulling the previous partition) Gaut. Yj. &c.;
a co-partner, co-parcener W.
samstabhya = by steadying
saMstuta *= mfn. praised or hymned together TS. TBr. Nir.; praised, celebrated, extolled
Hariv. R. Pur.; counted together (as one Stotra), reckoned together TS. Br. Ka1tyS3r.;
equal to, passing for (instr. or comp.) A1past. Katha1s. BhP.; acquainted familiar,
intimate Ka1v. VarBr2S. Ra1jat.; %{-tva} n. the being praised together ChUp.; %{prA7ya} mfn. for the most part lauded or hymned together, associated in hymns MW.
saMstutaka*=mfn. affable, condescending, civil Buddh.
saMstuti*=f. praise, eulogy MBh. BhP.; figuritive mode of expression A1past. [1121,2]
samucchvas *= (%{-ud-svas}) P. %{-chvasiti} , or %{-chvasati} , to breathe well or
regularly Sus3r. ; to breathe again , recover , revive Katha1s. ; to spring or sprout up
S3is3.: Caus. see %{sam-ucchvAsita}.
samucchvaasa *= m. heavy expiration , sighing ib.
saMsUcita* = mfn. indicated, displayed, manifested, shown BhP. Pan5cat.; informed,
told, apprised MW.; reproved ib.
samudbhava * = (ifc. f. {A}) existence, production, origin (ifc. either `" arisen or
produced from "' or `" being the source of "') Mn. MBh. &c.; coming to life again, revival
MBh.; N. of Agni at the Vrata7des'a Griihys.

samuha = (m) group

samuhe = in group
samudaya * = m. (rarely n.) coming together, union, junction, combination, collection,
assemblage, multitude, aggregation, aggregate (acc. with %{kR}, `" to collect or
assemble "') MaitrUp. MBh. &c.; (with Buddhists) the aggregate of the constituent
elements or factors of any being or existence (in later times equivalent to `" existence "'
itself) Buddh. Sarvad.; a producing cause (e.g. %{duHkhas-} `" the cause of suffering "')
Dharmas. 22; income, revenue Mn. MBh.; success, prosperity Mr2icch.; war, battle L.; a
day L.; = %{udgama} or %{samudgama} L. [1167,3]; rising (of the sun &c.) W.; n. an
auspicious moment (= %{lagna}) L.
samudita = (adj) flourishing
samuddhartaa = the deliverer
samudbhavaM = directly manifested
samudbhavaH = born of
samudbhavaan.h = produced of
samUDha * = (or %{-Ulha}) mfn. swept or pressed together, brought together,
collected, united RV. TS.; regularly arranged, restored to order (as opp. to %{vy-UDha},
`" disarranged "', `" transposed "') Br. S3rS.; purified L.; tamed L.; %{-cchandas} mfn.
having metres restored to their order S3Br.; %{-dvAdazA7hapaddhati} f. %{puNDarIka-paddhati} f. N. of wks.

samudIraNa *= n. setting in motion or getting into motion Ma1rkP.; raising the voice,
uttering pronouncing, reciting W.
samudyame = in the attempt
samudra = sea
samudra-paryantaa = bounded by ocean
samudraM = the ocean
samudreshhuu = among the oceans
samudyata *= mfn. raised up, lifted up MBh. Ka1v. &c.; offered, presented R. Ma1rkP.;
intended, prepared, begun ib.; ready or eager for action, prepared to or about to (inf. or
dat.), engaged in (loc.) R. BhP. Katha1s.; ready to march against (%{prati}) MBh. vi,
5166.
samudya *= ind. having spoken together &c.; having concluded or agreed upon
BhP.\\see %{saM-vad} and %{sam-ud}, pp. 1114, 1166.
samudyaa *= P. %{-yAti}, to rise up against (acc.), assail MBh.
samudyam *= P. %{-yacchati}, to raise up, lift up MBh. R. &c.; to rein in, curb, restrain,
drive (horses &c.) MBh.
samudyama *= m. lifting up MBh.; great effort or exertion, setting about, readiness to or

for (loc. dat., or comp.) Ka1v. Katha1s.

samudyamin *= mfn. exerting one's self. strenuous, eager, zealous Ka1m.
samudyata *= mfn. raised up, lifted up MBh. Ka1v. &c.; offered, presented R. Ma1rkP.;
intended, prepared, begun ib.; ready or eager for action, prepared to or about to (inf. or
dat.), engaged in (loc.) R. BhP. Katha1s.; ready to march against (%{prati}) MBh. vi,
5166.
samudyaata *= mfn. risen up against (acc.)
samutthena = arisen from
samutpanna = arisen
samunnati = prosperity
samupaashritaH = having taken shelter of
samupacAra * = m. attention, homage Pacar.
samupaci * = P. {-cinoti}, to heap up, gather Ng.: Pass. {-cIyate}, to grow up, increase
Sus'r.
samupacita * = mfn. collected, heaped W.; abundant Ratna7v.; thick Car.; {-jala} mfn.
having accumulated waters (as the ocean) MW.
samupacchAda * = m. (1. {chad}) Pn. 6-4, 96 Sch.

samupagama * = m. going near, approach, contact W.

samupaguh * = P.. {-gUhati}, {-te}, to embrace, surround Caurap.
samupajan * = . {-jAyate}, to arise, spring up, take place Kv.; to be born again MBh.:
Caus. {-janayati}, to generate, cause, produce Riitus.
samupajJA * = P. . {-jAnAti}, {-janite}, to ascertain fully, find out MBh.; to perceive,
learn W.
samupasthita = present
samupasthitaM = present
samupatap * = Pass. {-tapyate}, to feel pain MBh.
samupadhA * = P. . {-dadhAti}, {-dhatte}, to put together, construct, create, produce
MW. [1169, 2]
samupapad * = . {-padyate}, to come to pass, be brought about or accomplished MBh.;
to meet with (acc.), experience ib.: Caus. {-pAdayati}, to bring about, make ready,
prepare. R.
samupapAdita mfn. (fr. Caus.) made ready, prepared ib.
samupavrit.h = Thus
saMs'raavayitR m. (fr. Caus.) an announcer, crier, proclaimer KaushUp.; %{-mat}

mfn. having an announcer ib. %{-zrAvita} mfn. (fr. id.) read out or aloud Katha1s
samucita * = mfn. delighted in, liked, well suited, fit, right, proper R. Megh. Inscr.;
accustomed or used to (gen.) Megh.
samuuha = (m) a multitude, crowd
saMvaada = (m) conversation, dialouge *= m. (ifc. f. %{A}) speaking together ,
conversation , colloquy with (instr. with and without %{saha} loc. , or comp.) RV. &c. &c.
; appointment , stipulation Ka1tyS3r. Ka1v. VarBr2S. ; a cause , lawsuit A1pGr2.
Katha1s. ; assent , concurrence , agreement , conformity , similarity W. ; information ,
news ib.
saMvatsara* = m. (rarely n.; cf. {pari-v-}) a full year, a year (having 12 [TS.] or 13 [VS.]
months or 360 days [S'Br. AitBr. Sus'r.]; {am}, `" for a year; {eNa} `" after or in course
of a yyear "'; {e} or {asya}, after or within a yyear "') RV. &c. &c.; a year of the
Vikrama era (see above; {varSa} is used for the {zaka}) the first in a cycle of five or six
years TS. PrGri. VarBriS. BhP.; the Year personified (having the new and full moon for
eyes and presiding over the seasons) TS. Pur.; N. of S'iva MBh.
saMvartaka * mfn. (cf. {sAM-v-}) rolling up, destroying (all things at the end of the
world) NriisUp. MBh. &c.; m. the world-destroying fire (pl. `" the fires of hell "'),
Grihys. BhP.; submarine fire (= {bADava}) L.; (scil. {gaNa}) a group or class of worlddestroying clouds VP.; the end or dissolution of the universe R. Hariv.; Terminalia
Bellerica L.; N. of Baladeva (q.v.) L.; of a serpent-demon MBh.; of an ancient sage (=
{saM-varta}) VarBriS.; of a mountain Col.; ({ikA}) f. a young lotus-leaf (still rolled up)
Bhpr. Kd.; n. Bala-deva's ploughshare Hariv.; {-kA7gni} m. the world-destroying fire

MW.; {-kA7bhra} n. pl. the clouds at the destruction of the world, Nga7n.; {-kin} m. N.
of Bala-deva (cf. above) L.
saMves'a * = m. approaching near to, entrance TS. Br.; lying down, sleeping Ragh.;
dreaming, a dream W.; a kind of sexual union L.; a bedchamber BhP.; a chair, seat, stool
L.; %{-pati} (%{-za4-}) m. the lord of rest or sleep or sexual union (Agni) VS. A1s3vS3r.
saMvida:* =mfn. having consciousness, conscious (in {a-s-}) S'Br.; n. (?) stipulation,
agreement MBh. viii, 4512.
saMvidhA * = P.A1. %{-dadhAti}, %{-dhatte}, to dispose, arrange, settle, fix,
determine, prescribe MBh. R. Sus3r.; to direct, order Hariv.; to carry on, conduct,
manage, attend to, mind Mn. MBh. &c.; to use, employ R.; to make use of. act or proceed
with (instr.) Pan5cat.; (with %{mAnasam}) to keep the mind fixed or composed, be in
good spirits Bhartr2.; to make, render (two acc.) Naish.; to set, put, lay, place MBh.:
Pass. %{-dhIyate}, to be disposed or arranged &c. MBh.: Caus. %{-dhApayati}, to cause
to dispose or manage Ka1d.
saMvigna * = mfn. agitated, flurried, terrified, shy MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; moving to and fro
BhP. ; (ifc.) fallen into ib. ; %{-mAnasa} mfn. agitated or distracted in mind MBh.
saMviz * = P. %{vizati}, (ep. also A1. %{-te}), to approach near to, associate or attach
one's self to (acc. or instr.) RV. VS.; to enter together, enter into (acc., rarely loc.) Kaus3.
MBh. &c.; to merge one's self into (acc.) MBh.; to lie down, rest, repose in or upon (loc.
or %{upari} ifc.), sleep with (instr. with and without %{saha}, or dat.) S3Br. &c. &c.; to
cohabit, have sexual intercourse with (acc.) Mn. Ya1jn5. Ma1rkP.; to sit down with (acc.)
Hariv.; to engage in, have to do with (acc.) BhP.: Caus. %{-vczayati}, to cause to lie

together or down or on Ya1jn5. Sch.; to place or lay together or on, bring to (loc.) Kaus3.
MBh. &c.
saMyojayati = to thread (i.e. pass a thread through the eye of a needle)
saMvrit 1 mfn. covering TS.
saMvrit *= A1. %{-vartate} (pf. p. %{-vavRtva4s} q.v. ; Ved. inf. %{-vR4tas} ; ind. %{vartam}) , to turn or go towards , approach near to , arrive at RV. AV. R. ; to go against ,
attack (acc.) MBh. ; to meet , encounter (as foes) RV. iv , 24 , 4 ; to come together , be
rolled together , be conglomerated Pan5cavBr. Kaus3. ; (also with %{mithas}) to have
sexual intercourse together S3Br. A1past. ; to take shape , come into being , be produced
, arise from (abl.) RV. &c. &c. ; to come round or about , come to pass , happen , occur ,
take place , be fulfilled (as time) MBh. Ka1v. ; &c. ; to begin , commence R. ; to be , exist
ChUp. MBh. &c. ; to become , grow , get (with nom.) R. Ragh. ; to be conducive to , serve
for (dat.) Lalit.: Caus. %{vartayati} , to cause to turn or revolve , roll (lit. and fig.) RV.
&c. &c. ; to turn towards or hither RV. ; to clench (the fist) Hariv. ; to wrap up , envelop
MBh. ; to crumple up , crush , destroy MBh. R. ; to bring about , accomplish , perform ,
execute Hariv. R. BhP. ; to fulfil , satisfy (a wish) R. ; to think of. find out (a remedy)
Car.: Desid. %{-vi4vRtsati} , to wish to have sexual intercourse with (acc.) AV.
saMvrita *= mfn. covered , shut up , enclosed or enveloped in (loc.) , surrounded or
accompanied or protected by (instr. with or without %{saha} , or comp.) , well furnished
or provided or occupied or filled with , full of (instr. or comp.) AV. &c. &c. ; concealed ,
laid aside , kept , secured MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; restrained , suppressed , retired , withdrawn
Hariv. S3ak. ii , 12 (v.l. for %{saM-hRta}) ; well covered or guarded (see %{su-s-}) ;
contracted , compressed , closed (as the throat) , articulated with the vocal chords

contracted Pra1t. ; subdued (as a tone) ib. Pat. ; (in rhet.) hidden , ambiguous (but not
offensive see Va1m. ii , 1 , 14) ; m. N. of Varun2a L. ; n. a secret place KaushUp. ; close
articulation (cf. above) Pra1t. ; %{-tA} f. (Tpra1t. Sch.) , %{-tva} n. (Ven2is.) closed
condition ; %{-mantra} mfn. one who keeps his counsels or plans secret (%{-tA} , f.)
Ka1m. ; %{-saMvArya} mfn. one who conceals what ought to be concealed Mn. vii , 102 ;
%{-tA7kAra} mfn. one who conceals all signs of feeling MW.
saMvriti *= f. closure Sus3r. S3a1rn3gP. ; covering , concealing , keeping secret S3is3.
Sarvad. ; dissimulation , hypocrisy Amar. ; obstruction HYog. ; %{-mat} mfn. able to
dissimulate S3is3. Subh.
saMvritta *= mfn. approached near to , arrived Gaut. ; happened , occurred , passed
Ka1v. Pan5cat. ; fulfilled (as a wish) R. ; become , grown (with nom.) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ;
often w.r. for %{saM-vRta} ; m. N. of Varun2a L. ; of a serpent-demon MBh.
saMvritti *= f. common occupation A1past. ; the right effect Car. ; Fulfilment
(personified) MBh. ; being , existing , becoming , happening MW. ; often w.r. for %{saMvRti}.
sAMvritti *= %{-ttika} w.r. for %{saM-vRtti} and %{sAMvittika}.
samyac * = mfn. (fr. %{sami} = 2. %{sam} + 2. %{aJc} cf. Pa1n2. 6-3, 93; nom. %
{samya4n}, %{samIcI4}, or %{samI4cI}, %{samya4k}) going i, long with or together,
turned together or in one direction, combined, united (acc. with %{dhA}, to unite or
provide with "' [acc. or dat. of pers. and instr. or acc. of thing]), entire, whole, complete,
all (%{samyaJcaH} %{sarve}, `" all together "') RV. Br. S3a1n3khS3r.; turned towards
each other, facing one another RV. VS. Br.; lying in one direction, forming one line (as

foot steps) S3Br.; correct, accurate, proper, true, right BhP.; uniform, same, identical
W.; pleasant, agreeable ib.; (%{I4cI}) f. praise, eulogy L.; a doe Un2. iv, 92 Sch.; N. of a
divine female TBr.; of an Apsaras MBh. Hariv.; (%{a4k}) ind. in one or the same
direction, in the same way, at the same time, together (with %{sthA}, `" to associate with
"') RV. MBh.; in one line, straight (opp. to %{akSNayA}, `" obliquely "') S3Br. Ka1tyS3r.;
completely, wholly, thoroughly, by all means (with %{na}, by no means, not at all "') Mn.
MBh. &c.; correctly, truly, properly, fitly, in the right way or manner, well, duly (with %
{kR}, `" to make good [a promise] "') Up. Mn. MBh. &c.; distinctly, clearly MW.
samyak.h = proper
saMyam* = P. {-yacchati} (rarely .), to hold together, hold in, hold fast, restrain, curb,
suppress, control, govern, guide (horses, the senses, passions) RV. &c. &c.; to tie up, bind
together (hair or a garment) MBh. Kv. &c.; to put together, heap up (. `" for one's self
"') Pn. 1-3, 75 Sch.; to shut up, close (a door) Bhag.; to press close to or against Sus'r.;
to present with, give to (. with instr. of person, when the action is permitted P. with dat.,
when the action is not permitted) Pn. 1-3, 35: Caus. {-yamayati} (cf. {-yamita}), to
cause to restrain &c.; to bind up (the hair) Venis.
samyaggraahayitvaa = well+captured
saMyaava: m. a sort of cake (of wheaten flour fried with ghee and milk and made up into
an oblong form with sugar and spices) Mn. MBh. &c. [1112, 2]
saMyama * = m. holding together, restraint, control, (esp.) control of the senses, selfcontrol Mn. MBh. &c.; tying up (the hair) Sh.; binding, fettering VarBriS.; closing (of
the eyes) MrkP.; concentration of mind (comprising the performance of Dhran,

Dhyna, and Samdhi, or the last three stages in Yoga) Yogas. Sarvad.; effort, exertion
({A4}, with great difficulty "') MBh.; suppression i.e. destruction (of the world) Pur.; N.
of a son of Dhmra7ksha (and father of Kriis'a7s'va) BhP.; {-dhana} mfn. rich in selfrestraint MBh.; {-puNya-tIrtha} mfn. having restraint for a holy place of pilgrimage
MBh.; {-vat} mfn. self-controlled, parsimonious, economical Kaths.; {-mAgni} m. the
fire of abstinence Bhag.; {-mA7mbhas} n. the flood of water at the end of the world BhP.
saMyAma * = m. = {saM-yama} Pn. 3-3, 63; {-vat} mfn. self-controlled Bhathth.
saMyamana * = mf(%{I})n. id. MBh. Pur.; bringing to rest RV.; (%{I}) f. N. of the city or
residence of Yama (fabled to be situated on Mount Meru) MBh. BhP.; n. the act of
curbing or checking or restraining VP.; self-control KaushUp.; binding together, tying up
Vikr. Sa1h.; drawing tight, tightening (reins &c.) S3ak.; confinement, fetter Mr2icch.;
Yama's residence (cf. above) Ba1dar.
saMyoga * = m. conjunction, combination, connection (%{-ge} or %{-geSu} ifc. `" in
connection with, with regard to, concerning "'), union or absorption with or in (gen., or
instr. with and without %{saha}, or loc., or ifc.) A1past. MBh. &c. ; contact (esp. in phil.
`" direct material contact "', as of sesamum seed with rice-grains [in contradistinction to
contact by the fusion of particles, as of water with milk], enumerated among the 24
Gun2as of the Nya1ya cf. under %{sam-bandha}) Yogas. Kan2. Bha1sha1p. ; carnal
contact, sexual union MBh. &c. ; matrimonial connection or relationship by marriage
with or between (gen., %{saha} with instr., or comp.) Gaut. Mn. MBh. &c. ; a kind of
alliance or peace made between two kings with a common object Ka1m. Hit. ; agreement
of opinion, consensus (opposed to %{bheda}) R. ; applying one's self closely to, being
engaged in, undertaking (%{-gaM} %{kR}, `" to undertake, set about, begin "' ; %
{agnihotra-saMyogam} %{kR}, `" to undertake the maintenance of a sacred fire "')

A1past. Mn. R. ; (in gram.) a conjunct consonant, combination of two or more

consonants Pra1t. Pa1n2. &c. ; dependence of one case upon another, syntax Vop. ; (in
astron.) conjunction of two or more heavenly bodies MW. ; total amount, sum VarBr2S. ;
N. of S3iva MBh. ; %{-pRthak-tva} n. (in phil.) separateness with conjunction (a term
applied to express the separateness of what is optional from what is a necessary
constituent of anything) MW. [1112,3] ; %{-mantra} m. a nuptial text or formula Gaut. ;
%{-viruddha} n. food which causes disease through being mixed MW.
saMyuga* = n. (in BhP. also m.) union, conjunction MBh.; conflict, battle, war MBh.
Ka1v. &c. (cf. Naigh. ii, 17); %{-goSpada} n. a contest in a cow's footstep (met. `" an
insignificant struggIe "') MBh.; %{-mUrdhan} m. the van or front of battle Ragh.//2 =
mf(%{I})n. (fr. %{saM-yuga}) relating to battle (with %{ku} f. `" a battle-field "') S3is3.
saMyuta* = mfn. joined or bound together, tied, fettered R. Ragh.; put together, joined
or connected with (instr. with and without {saha}, or comp.) AV. &c. &c.; increased hy,
added to (instr. or comp.) VarBriS. Rjat.; (ifc.) being in conjunction with VarBriS.;
consisting of. containing (instr. or comp.) R.; (ifc.) relating to, implying ({praI7Sya-s-},
`" implying service "') Mn. ii, 32; accumulated (v.l. for {sam-bhRta}) S'ak. iv, 120/121
san * = cl. 1. P., 8. P. . (Dhtup. xiii, 21; xxx, 2) {sa4nati}, {-te} or {sano4ti}, {sanute}
(. rare and only in non-conjugational tenses; pf. {sasA4na} RV.; p. {sasava4s} ib. f.
{sasanu4SI} Br.; {sasanivas} or {senivas} Gr.; {sene} ib.; aor. {asAniSam} [Subj.
{saniSat} . {saniSAsmahe}, {sa4niSanta}] RV.; Impv. {sa4niSantu} SV.; {seSam}, {set}
MaitrS. Br.; {asAta} Gr.; Prec. {sanyAt}, {sAyAt} ib.; fut. {sanitA} ib.; {saniSya4ti} RV.
Br.; inf. {sanitum} Gr.), to gain, acquire, obtain as a gift, possess, enjoy RV. AV. Br.
S'rS.; to gain for another, procure, bestow, give, distribute RV.; (.) to be successful, be
granted or fulfilled ib.: Pass. {sanyate} or {sAyate} Pn. 6-4, 43: Caus. {sAnayati} (aor.

{asISaNat}) Gr.: Desid. of Caus. {sisAnayiSati}. ib.: Desid. {sisaniSati} (Gr.) or

{si4SAsati} (? {sISatI} AV. iv, 38, 2), to wish to acquire or obtain RV. TS. AV.; to wish to
procure or bestow RV. AV.: Intens. {saMsanyate}, {sAsAyate}, {saMsanti} (Gr.), to gain
or acquire repeatedly (only 3. pl. {saniSNata} RV. i, 131, 5). \\2 in %{go-Sa4n} q.v.\\3
(in gram.) a technical term for the syllable %{sa} or sign of the desiderative.\\4 N. of an
era (current in Bengal and reckoned from 593 A.D.), RTL; 433.
sana * = 2 mf({A})n. (derivation doubtful; for 1. see p. 1140, col. 3) old, ancient ({am}
ind. "' of old, formerly "') RV. AV.; lasting long BhP.; m. N. of a Riishi (one of the four or
seven spiritual sons of Brahm; cf. {sanaka}) MBh. Hariv. [Cf. Lat. {senex}, {senior};
Lith. {se4nas}; Goth. {sinista}.]
sana * 1 m. (for 2. see p. 1141, col. 1) gain, acquisition (in {ahaM-sana} and {su-SaNa},
qq. vv.); presenting, offering BhP.
sanaa * = ind. (g. {svar-Adi}) from of old RV. S'Br.
sana * =3 m. the flapping of an elephant's ears L.; Bignonia Suaveolens or Terminalia
Tomentosa (cf. 2. {asana}) L.
sanaatana = ancient
sanaatanaM = eternal atmosphere
sanaatanaH = eternally the same
sanaatanaaH = eternal

sanaatana * mf({I}, m.c.also {A})n. eternal, perpetual, permanent, everlasting, primeval,

ancient S'Br. &c. &c.; m. N. of Brahm L.; of Vishnu Bhathth.; of S'iva L.; a guest of
deceased ancestors, one who must always be fed whenever he attends S'rddhas L.; N. of
a Riishi (in MBh. and later `" a mind-born son of Brahm "') TS. &c. &c.; of a king
Buddh.; (with {zarman} and {go-svAmin}) of two authors Cat.; pl. N. of partic. worlds
Hariv.; ({I}) f. N. of Durg Cat. [1141, 2]; of Lakshm or Sarasvat L.
sachaya = collection
sachayaan.h = accumulation
sachikaa = (f) file
sachhinna = cut
saja *= see %{saM-ja} below. [ saaja *= m. N. of a lexicographer L.]
sajanayan.h = increasing
sajaya = O Sanjaya
sajayati = binds
sajaayate = develops
sajiivanii = a life-restoring elixir or herbsa-yata = attempting
sa.nchaya = collection

sandarbha = reference
sa.ndarshaya = (verbal stem) to show
sa.ndhaanaM = combination? or san-dhnm; acquiring as a gift grain, rice or barley
san *= 1 cl. 1. P. , 8. P. A1. (Dha1tup. xiii , 21 ; xxx , 2) %{sa4nati} , %{-te} or %{sano4ti}
, %{sanute} (A1. rare and only in non-conjugational tenses ; pf. %{sasA4na} RV. ; p. %
{sasava4s} ib. f. %{sasanu4SI} Br. ; %{sasanivas} or %{senivas} Gr. ; %{sene} ib. ; aor. %
{asAniSam} [Subj. %{saniSat} A1. %{saniSAsmahe} , %{sa4niSanta}] RV. ; Impv. %
{sa4niSantu} SV. ; %{seSam} , %{set} MaitrS. Br. ; %{asAta} Gr. ; Prec. %{sanyAt} , %
{sAyAt} ib. ; fut. %{sanitA} ib. ; %{saniSya4ti} RV. Br. ; inf. %{sanitum} Gr.) , to gain ,
acquire , obtain as a gift , possess , enjoy RV. AV. Br. S3rS. ; to gain for another , procure
, bestow , give , distribute RV. ; (A1.) to be successful , be granted or fulfilled ib.: Pass. %
{sanyate} or %{sAyate} Pa1n2. 6-4 , 43: Caus. %{sAnayati} (aor. %{asISaNat}) Gr.:
Desid. of Caus. %{sisAnayiSati}. ib.: Desid. %{sisaniSati} (Gr.) or %{si4SAsati} (? %
{sISatI} AV. iv , 38 , 2) , to wish to acquire or obtain RV. TS. AV. ; to wish to procure or
bestow RV. AV.: Intens. %{saMsanyate} , %{sAsAyate} , %{saMsanti} (Gr.) , to gain or
acquire repeatedly (only 3. pl. %{saniSNata} RV. i , 131 , 5).
sandrishyante = are seen
sandes'a = message (see samdes'a)
sandehaH = (m) doubt
sandoha * V= diversity, different types, or S: the amount, the volume

sandis'a *V = transmigration [s'ashtri], should actually enjoy [vedabase

sandhi = The junctional point of two consecutive bhaavas
sandhiikaala = twilight (both morning and evening time)
sangama = to meet
sanga = togetherness, closeness
sanga (saGga) * = m. (ifc. f. %{A} or %{I}) sticking, clinging to, touch, contact with (loc.
or comp.) TS. &c. &c.; relation to, association or intercourse with (gen. instr. with and
without %{saha} loc., or comp.) MBh. Ka1v. &c.; addiction or devotion to, propensity for,
(esp.) worldly or selfish attachment or affection, desire, wish, cupidity Mn. MBh. &c.;
(with %{atreH}) N. of a Sa1man Br.\\or %{saGga} mfn. having limbs or a body Katha1s.;
together with the limbs AV. S3Br.; with all its An3gas or supplements Ka1tyS3r.;
complete, entire MBh.; concluded, finished Uttarar.
sangaM, see saMgam = attachment, associating, meeting
sangaH = attachment
sangaNaka = computer
sangarataH = indulging in good company
sangarahitaM = without attachment

sangavivarjitaH = free from all association

sangaviihinaH = bereft of company
sangaat.h = from attachment
sangiita = music
sangiitakam.h = (n) a music concert
sange = in the company
sangena = by association
sangraha = collection, see saMgraha
sangraama = battle, battlefield
sangha =(see saMga) group, organization, gathering
sanghaTita = united
sanghaaH = the assemblies
sanghaataH = the aggregate
sanghaiH = the groups

saNghaTana = organization, unity

sajushtha *= mfn. liked by the good R.
sankalpamastu = saMkalpaM + astu:resolution + let there be
s'an'kaamaya (zaGkAmaya) mf(%{I})n. full of doubt or uncertainty, fearful, afraid R.
sankatha *= mf(%{A})n. (prob. Pra1kr2it for %{saM-kRta} ; cf. 2. %{vi-kaTa} &c.) `"
brought together "', contracted, closed, narrow, strait MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; crowded
together, dense, impervious, impassable MBh. Ma1rkP. ; dangerous, critical MBh. ; (ifc.)
crowded with, full of Ka1d. ; m. N. of a partic. personification (a son of Kakubh) BhP. ; of
a man Ra1jat. ; of a gander or flamingo Katha1s. Pan5cat. Hit. ; (%{A}) f. see below ; (%
{am}) n. a narrow passage, strait, defile, pass MBh. Ka1v. &c., a strait, difficulty, critical
condition, danger to or from (comp. ; cf. %{prA7Na-s-}) ib.\\ f. N. of a Yogini1 (seven
others are named, viz. Man3gala1, Pin3gala1, Dhanya1, Bhra1mari1, Bhadrika1, Ulka1,
Siddhi) Jyot. ; of a goddess worshipped in Benares L.
sankaTaasana = the dangerous posture
sankara: see samkara
sankaraH = such unwanted children
sankarasya = of unwanted population
sankalanam.h = (n) addition

sankalpa = determination
sankalpaH = (m) decision, resolution, plan
san'karsha &c. see %{saM-} %{lRS}. [1125,3]
san'karsha *= mfn. drawing near, vicinity, neighbourhood Gobh. ; %{-kANDa} m. N. of
wk. (= %{saMkarSaNa-k-} ; see col. 2) ; %{-bhATTa-dIpikA} f. N. of wk.
san'karshaNa *= n. drawing out, extraction Hariv. BhP. ; a means of joining or uniting
BhP. ; drawing together, contracting W. ; making rows, ploughing ib. [1126,2] ; m. N. of
Bala-deva or Bala-ra1ma (also called Hala7yudha [q.v.], the elder brother of Kr2ishn2a ;
he was drawn from the womb of Devaki1 and transferred to that of Rohin2i1 ; among
Vaishn2avas he is considered as the second of the four forms of Purusho7ttama) MBh.
Hariv. Pur. Sarvad. ; N. of the father of Ni1la7sura Cat. ; (also with %{sUri}) of various
authors ib. ; %{-kANDa} (or %{saM-karSa-k-}) m. N. of an appendix to the
Mi1ma1n6sa1-su1tra ; %{-maya} mf(%{I})n. representing Bala-deva AgP. ; %{-vidyA} f.
the art of drawing a child from the womb of one woman and transferring it to that of
another (applied to Baladeva cf. above) Prab. ; %{-zaraNa} m. N. of an author, Cat ; %{sUtra-vicAra} m. N. of wk. ; %{-Ne7zvara-tIrtha} n. N. of a Ti1rtha Cat.
san'karshin mfn. drawing together, contracting, shortening (see %{kAla-s-}).
sankuchit.h = (adj) limitted, narrow
sanketa = indication
sanketaH = (m) address, information

san'kiirtana *= n. the act of mentioning fully &c. ; praise, celebration, glorification

MBh. Ka1v. &c.
sankramaNa = concurrence, coming together
sankraanti = the festival of makara sankraant
sankhyaa = (f) number, count
sankhye = in the battlefield
sanna* = mfn. set down VS. S'Br. S'rS.; sitting at i.e. occupied with (comp.) Hariv.; sunk
down in (loc.) BhP.; depressed, low (in spirits), languid, exhausted, decayed, perished,
lost, dead AV. &c. &c.; shrunk, contracted (see comp.); resting, motionless (see ib.);
weak, low (see ib.); (= {prasanna}), appeased, satisfied (see {sannI-kRta}); m.
Buchanania Latifolia L.; (prob.) n. destruction, loss (see {sanna-da}).
sanna* = {sannaka} see p. 1139, col. 1. [1146,1]
sannaddhaH = fully armed, prepared
sannatara * = mfn. more depressed, very weak or feeble ; (in gram.) lower (in tone or
accent), more depressed than the ordinary accentless tone (= %{anudAtta-tara}) Pa1n2.
1-2, 40
sannibhaani = as if
sanniyamya = controlling

sannihite = (in the) presence/nearness of

sanni* = f. depression of the mind, despondency, despair BhP.
sanniikrita* = mfn. appeased, satisfied Kaths.
sannimat* = mfn. desponding, despairing ib.
sannimitta* = n. a good omen R.; a ggood cause; the cause of the ggood MW.; ({am})
ind. for a ggood ccause Hit.; ({e}) ind. for the sake of the ggood MW.
sannipaata: *(Sastr.G.) product, combined effect, V*=combination.
sannisarga* = m. ggood nature, kindness ib.
sannivaasa* = mfn. (for {saM-n-} see {saM-ni-} 5. {vas}) staying with the good (Vishnu)
MBh.
sannivishhTaH = situated
sannyasin: see samnyasin
santah V* = the holy, the devoted *= see s'anta
santya *= mfn. bestowing gifts , bountiful (only voc. in addressing Agni ; accord. to
others fr. %{sat} = `" benevolent , kind "') RV.
santaH = the devotees

santata = repeated
santatagamana = unbroken togetherness
santapta = burning
santarishhyasi = you will cross completely
santaaH = are respected
santaana: children, generation, offspring, the progeny}
santaapa = harrasment
santi = there are
santosha = satisfaction
santoshha = satisfaction
santushhTa = satisfied
santushhTaH = perfectly satiated
santya* mfn. bestowing gifts, bountiful (only voc. in addressing Agni; accord. to others
fr. {sat} = `" benevolent, kind "') RV
sa.nyata = controlled

sa.nyama = dharana, dhyana and samadhi taken together

sa.nyamataaM = of all regulators
sa.nyaminaH = tamed or self-denying like that of a hermit
sa.nyamii = the self-controlled
sa.nyamya = keeping under control
sa.nyaati = verily accepts
sa.nyuktaaH = engaged
sa.nyogaM = connection
sa.nyogaat.h = by the union between
sa.nvatsara = Designated year, 60 in number and change cyclically
sa.nvaadaM = conversation
sa.nvigna = distressed
sa.nvrittaH = settled
santi: * see sati and saati

sapadi * = ind. (%{sa} + %{pada}) at the same instant , on the spot , at once ,
immediately , quickly Ka1v. VarBr2S. Pur. &c.
sapaada *= mfn. having feet (see comp.) ; with a quarter , increased by one-fourth Mn.
Ra1jat. BhP.: %{-pITha} mfn. furnished with a footstool MW. ; %{-matsya} m. the shadfish , Silurus L. ; %{-lakSa} m. or n. one hundred thousand and a quarter of it i.e. 125 ,
000 Pan5cat. ; N. of a district (%{-kSmApAla} m. a king of the above district ; %{zikharin} m. N. of a mountain) Uttamac. Inscr. ; %{-vandanam} ind. `" saluting a
person's feet "' , respectfully , deferentially Ma1lati1m.
sapaala * = mfn. attended by a herdsman Mn. viii, 240; together with a king or kings
BhP.; m. N. of a king Buddh.
sapatnaan.h = enemies
sapatna * = m. (fr. 1. {sa-pa4tnI} below) a rival, adversary, enemy RV. &c. &c.
sapatnI * = 1 f. (once in R. {-tni}) a woman who has the same husband with another
woman (Pn. 4-1, 35) or whose husband has other wives, a fellow-wife or mistress,
female rival RV. &c. &c.
sapatnya * = w.r. for %{sAp} (q.v.) - see saapatnya
sapta = (adj) seven
saptavarga = Seven Vargas a sequence of varga or harmonic charts. Consists of Rashi,
Hora, Drekkana, navaa.nsha, dvaadasha.nsha, tri.nshaa.nsha and Saptaa.nsha

saptaa.nsha = A varga. The harmonic Seventh Division. Used for delineations of Children
and Grandchildren and one's creative projections
saphala = fruitful
sara* = mf({A})n. (fr. {sR}) fluid, liquid VS.; cathartic, purgative, laxative Sus'r. Vgbh.;
(ifc. f. {I} Pn. 3-2, 18) going, moving &c. (cf. {anu-}, {abhi-}, {puraH-s-}); m. going,
motion L.; a cord, string (cf. {prati-}, {maNi-}, {muktA-maNi-}, and {mauktika-s-}); a
short vowel (in prosody) Col.; salt L.; N. of Vyu or the wind L.; a waterfall L.; often v.l.
or w.r. for {zara} (also in comp. {sara-ja} &c. for {zara ja} &c.); ({A4}) f. moving or
wandering about Gal.; a brook AV. TS.; a cascade, waterfall L.; Paederia Foetida L.; ({I})
f. a cascade (cf. {sari}) L.; n. a lake, pool (also irregularly in comp. for {saras}) Un. iv,
188 Sch.; milk L.
saraH = (neut) lake
saraNa * = mfn. (for %{sa-raNa} see p. 1183) going, moving, running GopBr. ; m. a
kind of tree Col. (perhaps w.r. for %{sorala}) ; N. of a king Buddh. ; (%{A} or %{I}) f.
Paederia Foetida L. ; (%{A}) f. a sort of convolvulus L. ; n. running, quick motion (with %
{AjeH}, `" a foot-race, `" running-match "') Gr2S3rS. ChUp. MBh. ; moving from one
place to another, locomotion VarBr2S. ; running after, following R. ; iron rust or filings
L.
saraNa * = mfn. (for %{saraNa} see p. 1182, col. 1) connected with war or conflict Lalit.
saraNa * = %{-Ni} &c. see p. 1182, col. 1, [1183,3]
sAraNa * = mf(%{I})n. id. L. ; cracked, split L. ; having five hair-tufts on the head L. ;

m. dysentery, diarrhoea L. ; wind during the autumn L. ; Paederia Foetida L. ; Spondias

Mangifera. L. ; N. of a brother of Kr2ishn2a MBh. Hariv. Ma1rkP. ; of one of Ra1van2a's
ministers (sent as ambissad or to Ra1ma) R. ; (%{A}) f. stretching out, extension (only
ifc.) Katha1s. ; (ifc. f. %{A}) producing a sound, striking a note on (loc.) ib. ; a partic.
process to which mineral substances (esp. quicksilver) are subjected (two others being
given called %{Rtu-s-} and %{prati-sAraNA} ; %{-NA-traya} n. `" the three Sa1ran2a1
processes "') Sarvad. ; (%{I}) f. see below ; (%{am}) n. leading home Das3. ; buttermilk
(one fourth part of which is water) L. ; a kind of perfume L.
sarani = (f) stream, path
sarala = straight, candid
saras.h = lake
sarasa = Excellent
sarasaaM = of all reservoirs of water
sarasaangayashhthii = she whose body is like a (lean)stick
sarasvati = goddess of speech and learning
sarira *= n. (cf. {salila}) the heaving sea, flood, tide VS. TBr.; = {bahu} Naigh. iii, 1; the
universe (= {loka} or {tri-loka}) VS. Sch.
saritaa = (f) river

sarati = (1 pp) to go
saroja = lotus ( one that is born in a lake)
sarovaram.h = (n) lake
sargaH = birth and death
sargaaNaaM = of all creations
sarge = while taking birth
sarge.api = even in the creation
sarpa = snake
sarpaaNaaM = of serpents
sarva = all *= mf(%{A})n. (perhaps connected with %{sAra} q.v. ; inflected as a
pronoun except nom. acc. sg. n. %{sarvam} , and serving as a model for a series of
pronominals cf. %{sarva-nAman}) whole , entire , all , every (m.sg. `" every one "' ; pl. `"
all "' ; n. sg. `" everything "' ; sometimes strengthened by %{vizva} [which if alone in RV.
appears in the meaning `" all "' , every "' , `" every one "'] and %{nikhila} ; %{sarve} "' %
{pi} , `" all together "' ; %{sarvaH@ko} "' %{pi} "' , every one so ever "' ; %
{gavAM@sarvam} , `" all that comes from cows "' ; %{sarva} with a negation = `" not
any "' , `" no "' , `" none "' or `" not every one "' , `" not everything "') RV. &c. &c. ; of all
sorts , manifold , various , different MBh. &c. ; (with another adjective or in comp. ; cf.
below) altogether , wholly , completely , in all parts , everywhere RV. ChUp. &c. ; (%

{am}) ind. (with %{sarveNa}) completely DivyA7v. ; m. (declined like a subst.) N. of

S3iva MBh. ; of Kr2ishn2a Bhag. ; of a Muni Cat. ; pl. N. of a people Ma1rkP. ; n. water
Naigh. i , 12. [Cf. Gk. $ &358256[1184 ,3] for $ Lat. {salvus}.] [1185,1]
sarvaM = all
sarvaH = all
sarvakarma = of all activities
sarvakarmaaNi = all reactions to material activities
sarvakaaraH = (m) coalition
sarvagataM = all-pervading
sarvagataH = all-pervading
sarvaguhyatamaM = the most confidential of all
sarvajagat.h = the eentire world
sarvataH = on/from all sides (indecl)
sarvato = from all (sides)
sarvatra = everywhere

sarvatragaM = all-pervading
sarvatragaH = blowing everywhere
sarvathaa = in all respects
sarvadehinaaM = of all embodied beings
sarvadvaaraaNi = all the doors of the body
sarvadvaareshhu = in all the gates
sarvadhanushhmataam.h = of all shooters (bow, arrow carriers)
sarvadharmaan.h = all varieties of religion
sarvapaapaiH = from all sinful reactions
sarvabhaavena = in all respects
sarvabhuuta = to all living entities
sarvabhuutasthaM = situated in all beings
sarvabhuutasthitaM = situated in everyone's heart
sarvabhuutahite = for the welfare of all living entities

sarvabhuutaanaaM = of all living entities

sarvabhuutaani = all created entities
sarvabhuutaanii = all living entities
sarvabhuuteshhu = among all living beings
sarvabhrit.h = the maintainer of everyone
sarvamatena = according to all schools of thought/unanimously
sarvayonishhu = in all species of life
sarvaloka = of all planets and the demigods thereof
sarvavit.h = the knower of everything
sarvavid.h = one who knows everything
sarvavrikshaaNaaM = of all trees
sarvashaH = all
sarvasaMpadaam.h = all wealth
sarvasankalpa = of all material desires

sarvasminnapi = in all beings

sarvasya = of everyone
sarvasvaM = all of one's belongings, holding
sarvaharaH = all-devouring
sarvaGYaana = in all sorts of knowledge
sarvaaH = all
sarvaanga = the whole body
sarvaangaasana = the shoulderstand posture
sarvaaNi = all
sarvaan.h = all kinds of
sarvaarambha = of all endeavors
sarvaarambhaH = all ventures
sarvaartha = for all worthy or meaningful or riches
sarvaarthaan.h = all things

sarve = all
sarvebhyaH = of all
sarveshhaaM = all
sarveshhu = in all the
sarvekshaNam.h = (n) survey, poll
sarvaiH = all
sasaara: possessing strength end anergy, steewgth and sound
sasarja V: created, generated, produced, evolved, released
sasharaM = along with arrows
sasvadha* = m. pl. `" having the Svadha (q.v.), a partic. class of deceased ancestors MW.
sa-svana* = mf({A})n. sounding, loud ({am} ind.) MBh.
sa-svara* = mfn. sounding, having the same sound with (instr. or comp.) Prt.; having
accent, accentuated IndSt.; ({am}) ind. loudly VP.
sa-svaahaa-kAra* = mfn. accompanied with the exclamation Svh AitBr. pS'r.
sasva4r* = ind. (of unknown derivation), secretly RV. (cf. Nalgh. iii, 25).

sasya = grain
sas'raddha* n= mf({A})n. trustful, frank, confident Kaths.
sat* = mf({satI4})n. (pr. p. of 1. {as}) being, existing, occurring, happening, being
present ({sato me}, `" when I was present "'; often connected with other participles or
with an adverb e.g. {nAmni kRte sati}, `" when the name has been given "'; {tathA sati},
`" if it be so "'; also ibc., where sometimes = `" possessed of "' cf. {sat-kalpavRkSa}) RV.
&c. &c.; abiding in (loc.) MBh.; belonging to (gen.) S'Br.; living MundUp.; lasting,
enduring Kv. RV. &c. &c.; real, actual, as any one or anything ought to be, true, good,
right ({tan na sat}, `" that is not right "'), beautiful, wise, venerable, honest (often in
comp. see below) RV. &c. &c.; m. a being, (pl.) beings, creatures RV. &c.; a good or wise
man, a sage MBh. R.; good or honest or wise or respectable people Mn. MBh. &c.; ({I4})
f. see {sati4} below; ({sat}) n. that which really is, entity or existence, essence, the true
being or really existent (in the Veda7nta, `" the self-existent or Universal Spirit, Brahma
"') RV. &c. &c.; that which is good or real or true, good, advantage, reality, truth ib.;
water Naigh. i, 12; (in gram.) the terminations of the present participle Pn. 3-2, 127 &c.;
({sat}) ind. (cf. {sat-kR} &c.) well, right, fitly. [Cf. Gk. $ for $; Lat. {sens} in
&343162[1134, 2] {absens}, {pra-sens}; {sons}, `" guilty "', orig. `" the real doer "'; Lith.
{ss}, {e4sas}; Slav. {sy}, {sas8ta}.]
saT * =cl. 1. P. %{saTati}, to be a part of Dha1tup. ix, 26: Caus. or cl. 10. %{sATayati}
(see %{sAT}).
saTaa * = f. (cf. %{zaTA}, %{chaTA} and %{jaTA}) an ascetic's matted or clotted hair, a
braid of hair (in general) MBh.; the mane (of a lion or horse) or the bristles (of a boar)
MBh. Ka1v. &c.; a crest (= %{zikhA}) L.; a multitude, number VarBr2S.; light, lustre

BhP.
sataabja * =mfn. having a hhundred lotus-flowers DhynabUp.
saTaa--Gka * =({-TA7Gka}) mfn. `" mane-marked "', a lion L.
sataahvayA * =f. Anethum Sowa Sus'r.; Asparagus Racemosus L.
sataakaaraa * =f. N. of a female Gandharva ib.
sataakSara * =mf({A})n. of a hhundred syllables, pS'.
saTaalu * = {zalATu}, an unripe fruit, PrGiri.
sataaM = of saintly peoplesataanaka* =n. a burning-ground, cemetery L.
sataanana * =m. Aegle Marinelos L.; ({A}) f. `" hundredfaced "'N. of a goddess Cat.
sataasat * =({-tA7satI4}) n. du. (= {sad-asatI}, formed in analogy to {sutA7sute4}) the
true and the false TBr.
sataashTaka * =n. one hhundred and eight Pacar.
sataas'va * =mfn. numbering a hhundred horses ({saha4sraM zatA7zvam}, a thousand cattle with a
hhundred horses) RV. S'rS. Vait.; {-ratha} n. sg. a hhundred cattle and a car with horses KtyS'r.; {vijaya} m. N. of part of wk.

sataH = of the eternal

satata = always
satataM = always
satatayuktaanaaM = always engaged
saTaMkaara * =mfn. (fr., 7. {sa} + {T-}) having notoriety or fame, famous MW.sat.h = a
good man
sat.h\-chit.h-aananda = bliss consciousness
sati = being
satI4 * = 1 f. (fem. of {sat}; for 2. see P. 1138, col. 2) her ladyship, your ladyship (=
{bhavatI}, sometimes = `" you "') MBh.; a good and virtuous or faithful wife (esp.
applied in later use to the faithful wwife [popularly called Suttee who burns herself with
her husband's corpse W.; compar. {satI-tarA}, {sati-t-} or {sat-t-}) Kv. VarBriS.
Kaths. &c.; a wife, female (of an animal) BhP.; a female ascetic MW.; a fragrant earth
L.; two kinds of metre Col.; N. of the wife of Vis'vmitra RV.; of the goddess Durg or
Um (sometimes described as Truth personified or as a daughter of Daksha and wife of
Bhava [S'iva], and sometimes represented as putting an end to herself by Yoga, or at a
later period burning herself on the funeral pyre of her husband) Pur. Kum.; of one of the
wives of Angiras BhP.; of various women of modern times (also {-devI}) Cat.
sati * = f. = {sAti}, {santi} Pn. Vop.; = {dAna}, {avasAna} L.
satI * = 2 f. (for 1. see p. 1135, col. 1) = {sAti} L.

sati * = see p. 1138, col. 2.

satii = Sati * = 1 f. (fem. of {sat}; for 2. see P. 1138, col. 2) her ladyship, your ladyship (=
{bhavatI}, sometimes = `" you "') MBh.; a good and virtuous or faithful wife (esp.
applied in later use to the faithful wwife [popularly called Suttee who burns herself with
her husband's corpse W.; compar. {satI-tarA}, {sati-t-} or {sat-t-}) Kv. VarBriS.
Kaths. &c.; a wife, female (of an animal) BhP.; a female ascetic MW.; a fragrant earth
L.; two kinds of metre Col.; N. of the wife of Vis'vmitra RV.; of the goddess Durg or
Um (sometimes described as Truth personified or as a daughter of Daksha and wife of
Bhava [S'iva], and sometimes represented as putting an end to herself by Yoga, or at a
later period burning herself on the funeral pyre of her husband) Pur. Kum.; of one of the
wives of Angiras BhP.; of various women of modern times (also {-devI}) Cat.
satkaara = respect
satraa * = ind. (fr. 7. %{sa} + %{trA4}) together, together with (instr.), altogether,
throughout; always, by all means RV. AV. Br.
satkaarya = good or useful work particularly helpful to many
saTTa n. two pieces of timber at the side of a door L.
satta mfn. (cf. %{pra-satta4} and %{ni4-Satta}) seated RV.
sattaa f. existence , being Up. Kan2. Tarkas. &c. ; a partic. Ja1ti (in phil.) MW. ;
goodness , excellence W. ; %{-jAti-prAmANya} n. N. of wk. ; %{-mAtra} n. mere entity or
existence (%{-trA7tman} mfn. `" whose nature is entitled only to the predicate being "')
VP. ; %{-vat} mfn. entitled to the pred. `" being "' , endowed with existence Bha1sha1p. ;

%{--vApya} (%{-tA7v-}) mfn. included in (the notion of) exexistence MW.

sattama * = (%{sa4t-}) mfn. very good or right, the best, first, chief of (gen. or comp.)
Br. S3a1n3khS3r. ChUp. &c.; most virtuous W.; very venerable or respectable ib.; %{-tA}
f. the first rank of all BhP.
satra incorrect for %{sattra}.
satraa * = ind. (fr. 7. %{sa} + %{trA4}) together , together with (instr.) , altogether ,
throughout ; always , by all means RV. AV. Br.
sattra * = n. `" session "' , a great Soma sacrifice (lasting accord. to some , from 13 to
100 days and performed by many officiating Bra1hmans ; also applied to any oblation or
meritorious work equivalent to the performance of a Sattra ; %{sattra4sya4rddhiH}N. of
a Sa1man A1rshBr.) RV. &c. &c. ; a house , asylum , hospital Ra1jat. Katha1s. ; an
assumed form or disguise , illusive semblance MBh. Das3. [1138,3] ; fraud , deception L.
; a wood , forest Kir. ; a tank , pond L. ; liberality , munificence L. ; wealth L. ; clothes L.
sattva * = inner strengthn. being, existence, entity, reality, `" the existence of a Supreme
Being "'; true essence, nature, disposition of mind, character; spiritual essence, spirit,
mind; vital breath, life, consciousness, strength of character, strength, firmness, energy,
resolution, courage, selfcommand, good sense, wisdom, magnanimity MBh. R. &c.; the
quality of purity or goodness (regarded in the Snkhya phil. as the highest of the three
Gunas r constituents of Prakriiti because it renders a person true, honest, wise &c., and a
thing pure, clean; material or elementary substance, entity, matter, a thing
sattvaM = the strength

sattvastha * = mf(%{A})n. being in the nature (of anything) W.; adherent in firmness of
character, resolute, energetic MaitrUp. Cu1lUp. &c.; clinging to or adherent in the
quality of goodness Bhag. BhP. Yogava1s.; inherent in animals W.; animate ib.
sattvavataM = of the strong
sattvasa.nshuddhiH = purification of one's existence
sattvasthaaH = those situated in the mode of goodness
sattvaat.h = from the mode of goodness
sattvaanaaM = good beings'
sattvaanuruupaa = according to the existence
sattve = the mode of goodness
satpurushha = good man
satvara* mf({A})n. having or making haste, speedy, expeditious, quick ({am} and
compar. {-taram} ind.) MBh. Kv. &c.; {-tA} f. {-tva} n. quickness, hastiness, speed ib.;
{-racanam} ind. quickly, immediately, at once Gt.
satya = Truth * = mf({A})n. true, real, actual, genuine, sincere, honest, truthful, faithful,
pure, virtuous, good. successful, effectual, valid ({satyaM-kR}, `" to make true, ratify,
realise, fulfil "') RV. &c. &c.; m. the uppermost of the seven Lokas or worlds (the abode
of Brahm and heaven of truth; see {loka}) L.; N. of the ninth Kalpa (q.v.) Pur.; the

As'vattha tree L.; N. of Vishnu L.; of Rma-candra L.; of a supernatural being Gaut.
VarBriS. Hcat.; of a deity presiding over the Nnd-mukha S'rddha L.; of one of the
Vis've Devh Cat.; of a Vysa Cat.; of a son of Havir-dhna BhP.; of a son of Vitatya
MBh.; of one of the 7 Riishis in various Manvantaras Hariv. Pur.; (with {AcArya}) N. of
an astronomer (author of the Hor-s'stra) VarBriS.; pl. N. of a class of gods in various
Manvantaras Hariv. Pur.; ({A}) f. speaking the truth, sincerity, veracity W.; a partic.
S'akti Pacar.; N. of Durg Cat.; of S'it L.; of Satyavat (mother of Vysa) L.; = {satyabhAmA} MBh. Hariv. S'is'.; of the family deity of the Kutsas and Atharvans Cat.; of a
daughter of Dharma (and wife of S'an-yu) MBh.; of the mother of Satya (= {tuSita}) VP.;
of the wife of Manthu (and mother of Bhauvana) BhP.; of a daughter of Nagna-jit (and
wife of Kriishna) ib.; ({am}) n. truth, reality ({satyena}, `" truly "', `" certainly "', `"
really "'; {ka4smAt sa4tyAt}, `" for what reason, how is it that? "' {te4na satye4na}, `" for
that reason, so truly "'; {yathA-tena} [or {evaM}] {satyena}, `" as-so truly "'; with
Buddhists truth is of two kinds, viz. {saMvRti-} and {paramA7rtha-satyam}, `" truth by
general consent "' and `" self-evident truth "' Dharmas. 95; for the four fundamental
truths of Buddhists see MWB. 43; 56) RV. &c. &c.; speaking the truth, sincerity, veracity
KenUp. Mn. R. &c.; a solemn asseveration, vow, promise, oath ({satyaM cikIrSamANa},
`" wishing to fulfil one's promise or keep one's word "') AV. &c. &c.; demonstrated
conclusion, dogma W.; the quality of goodness or purity or knowledge MW.; the first of
the four Yugas or ages (= 1. {-kRta4} q.v.) L.; a partic. mythical weapon R.; the
uppermost of the 7 Lokas (see under m.) Veda7ntas. BhP.; one of the 7 Vyhriitis L.;
partic. Satya-formula s'vS'r.; = {udaka}, water Naigh. i, 12; (also with {prajApateH})
N. of Smans rshBr. S'rS.; ({a4m}) ind. (g. {cA7di} and {svar-Adi}) truly, indeed,
certainly, verily, necessarily, yes, very well ({satyam-tu}, {kiM tu}, {tathA7pi}, `" it is
true - but, yet, however "'; {yat sasyam}, `" indeed, certainly "') RV. &c. &c. [Cf. accord.
to some, Gk. $.]

satyaanrita *= mfn. true and false, containing truth and falsehood Hit. ; apparently true
(but really false) A. ; n. du. truth and falsehood RV. VS. Br. A1past. ; sg. or du. practice
of truth and ffalsehood, commerce, trade Mn. iv, 6 BhP. [1137,1]
satyaM = Truth
satyameva = Truth alone
satyasa.ndhaM = the one bound by Truth
satyasya = of truth
satsangatve = in good company
sakshii = witness
satvat * satvat m. pl.N. of a people inhabiting the south of India (cf. {sAtvata}) Br.
KaushUp. MBh. Hariv.; of a son of Madhu Hariv.
satvata * = m. N. of a son of Mdhava (Mgadha) and Ans'a Hariv. V
sau.ndaryamaalikaa = Garland of beauty
saubha * = m. (also written {zaubha}) N. of the aerial city of Hari-s'candra (q.v.) MBh.
BhP.; of a town of the S'alvas MBh.; a king of the Saubhas ib.; pl. N. of a people ib.
saubhaga * = mfn. (fr. %{subhaga}) `" auspicious "', coming from or made of the tree
Su-bhaga Car. ; m. N. of a son of Br2ihac-chloka BhP. ; n. (ifc. f. %{A}) welfare,

happiness, wealth, riches, enjoyment RV. ; loveliness, grace, beauty BhP.

2 saubhagatva n. welfare, happiness RV.
sauchikaH = (m) tailor
saucakya* = n. (fr. {sUcaka}) g. {purohitA7di}.
sauci* = m. = next L.
saucikya* = n. (fr. {sUcika}) g. {purohitA7di}.
saucitti* = m. (prob. fr. {su-citta}) patr. of Satya-dhriiti MBh.
saucuka* = m. N. of the father of Bhti-rja (and grandfather of Indu-rja) Cat.
saucika* = m. (fr. {sUci}) one who lives by his needle, a tailor (in the caste system he is
the son of a S'aundika and a Kaivart) Kull. on Mn. iv, 214.
saucIka* = m. N. of a partic. Agni Sy. in RV., Introd.
saudaaminii = (f) lightning *= f. (fr. %{su-dAman}, `" Indra "' or `" a cloud "') lightning
or a partic. kind of llightning ; perhaps forked llightning (%
{vidyut@saudAmanI@yathA}, `" after the manner of fforked llightning "') MBh.
Ka1v. &c. ; N. of a daughter of Kas3yapa and Vinata1 VP. ; of a Yakshin2i1 Katha1s. ; of a
daughter of the Gandharva Ha1ha1 ib. ; of an Apsaras Ba1lar. ; of a sorceress Ma1lati1m.
; of part of the Su-da1man mountain (accord. to some).
saubhadraH = the son of Subhadra

saubhaagyavatii = Mrs
saubhaga * - mfn. (fr. {subhaga}) `" auspicious "', coming from or made of the tree Subhaga Car.; m. N. of a son of Briihac-chloka BhP.; n. (ifc. f. {A}) welfare, happiness,
wealth, riches, enjoyment RV.; loveliness, grace, beauty BhP.
sauHrida // sauhrida= friendship * = mfn. relating to or coming from a friend R.; m. a
friend Pan5cat.; pl. N. of a people MBh.; n. (ifc. f. %{A}) affection, friendship for or with
(loc. or %{saha} or comp.) MBh. R. &c.; liking for, fondness of (comp.) Ja1takam.
saukshmyaat.h = due to being subtle
saumadattiH = the son of Somadatta
saumana* = n. (fr. {su-mana}, or {-nas}); m. or ({A}) f. a flower, blossom Sus'r.; a
partic. mythical weapon
sauman'galya = n. welfare , prosperity BhP. ; an auspicious object (as an amulet &c.)
saumitrivatsalaH = he who is affectionate to LakshmaNa
saumya* = (once in AV. {sau4mya}) mf({I4} later {A}; once in RV. {sau4myA})n.
relating or belonging to Soma (the juice or the sacrifice or the moon-god), connected or
dealing with Soma, having his nature or qualities &c. RV. &c. &c.; cool and moist (opp.
to {agneya}, `" hot and dry "') Br. Hariv. Sus'r.; northern ({ena}, `" to the north "')
Hariv. VarBriS.; `" resembling the moon "', placid, gentle, mild ({saumya} voc. = `" O
gentle Sir! "' `" O good Sir! "' `" O excellent man! "' as the proper mode of addressing a
Brhman Mn. ii, 125) S'Br. &c.&c.; auspicious (said of birds, planets &c.; esp. of the

Nakshatras Mriiga-s'iras, Citr, Anurdh, and Revat) R. VarBriS. Hariv. S'rngS.;

happy, pleasant, cheerful MW.; m. a Soma sacrifice L.; an adherent, worshipper BhP.; a
Brhman L.; patr. of Budha or the planet Mercury VarBriS.; of the Vedic Riishi Budha
(author of RV. x, 1) RAnukr.; the left hand Hcat.; Ficus Glomerata L.; the fifteenth cubit
({aratni}) from the bottom or the third from the top of the sacrificial post L.; (in anat.)
the blood before it becomes red, serum W.; the gastric juice MW.; the month
Mrgas'rsha Hcat.; N. of the 43rd (or 17th) year in the 60 years "' cycle of Jupiter
VarBriS.; (pl.) the people of Soma S'nkhGri.; a partic. class of deceased ancestors Mn.
iii, 199; m. n. a partic. penance (see {-kRcchra}) Yj. GrudaP.; N. of a Dvpa of the
earth or of Bharatavarsha Pur.; of the 7th astrol. Yuga Jyot.; ({yA}) f. N. of various plants
(Abrus Precatorius; Glycine Debilis; Ruta Graveolens &c.) L.; a pearl L.; the Nakshatra
Mriiga-s'iras Hariv.; N. of the five stars in Orios head (also called {ilvala} q.v.) W.; a
species of the ry metre Col.; N. of Durg Cat.; ({I}) f. moonshine MBh.; ({am}) n. the
nature or condition of Soma AV.; gentleness MBh. Pacat. the Nakshatra Mriiga-s'iras
(presided over by the Moon) MaitrUp. Hariv. (accord. to Nlak. `" Wednesday "'); the left
eye L.; the middle of the hand L.; N. of the fifth Muhrta Cat.; (scil. {adbhuta}) a partic.
kind of omen or prodigy (occurring in the Diva or sky) MW.
saumyaM = very beautiful
saumyatvaM = being without duplicity towards others
saumyavapuH = the beautiful form
saurata: mfn. (fr. {su-rata}) relating to sexual enjoyment BhP.; n. sexual enjoyment ib.;
m. mild wind L.

saurabha = fragrance
sautraamaNI * =f. a partic. sacrifice in honour of Indra ({su-trAman}; described as the
6th or 7th; of the 7 Havir-yaja-sansths q.v.; in the S'Br. it is said that every one
consecrated by the Sautrmani enters among the gods and is born {sarva-tanUH} i.e.
with his entire body; {-tva4} n. S'Br.) AV. VS. Br. S'rS. BhP.; N. of wk. by Deva-bhadra.
sauravyuuhaH = (m) the solar system
s'auri m. patr. of Vasu-deva MBh. BhP.; of Vishnu-Kriishna (also among the names of
the sun) ib.; of Prajti MrkP.; of Bala-deva MW.; Terminalia Tomentosa L. (v.l.
{sauri}); the planet Saturn (w.r. for {sauri}).
sauvarNa = golden
sava * = 1 m. (fr. 3. %{su}) pressing out the juice of the Soma plant RV. S3Br.
S3a1n3khS3r.; pouring it out L.; the moon L.; n. the juice or honey of flowers L.\\ 2 m.
(fr. 1. %{sU}) one who sets in motion or impels, an instigator, stimulator, commander
VS. S3Br.; m. the sun (cf. %{savitR}) L.; setting in motion, vivification, instigation,
impulse, command, order (esp. applied to the activity of Savitr2i; dat. %{savA4ya}, for
setting in motion "') RV. AV. VS. TBr.; N. of partic. initiatory rites, inauguration,
consecration Br.; a kind of sacrifice Kaus3.; any sacrifice MBh.; a year (?) BhP. (see %
{bahu-s-}).\\ 3 m. (fr. 2. %{sU}) offspring, progeny L.
savana 1 n. (for 2. see col. 2) the act of pressing out the Soma-juice (performed at the
three periods of the day; cf. %{tri-SavaNa}; %{prAtaH-}., %{mAdhyaMdina-} and %
{tRtIya-s-}) RV. &c. &c.; the pressed out Soma-juice and its libation, a Soma festival, any

oblation or sacrificial rite ib.; (with %{puMsaH}) = %{puMsavana} Ya1jn5. i, 11 (pl.) the
three periods of day (morning, noon, and evening) Gaut. Mn. BhP. [1190,2]; time (in
general) BhP.; bathing, ablution, religious bathing (performed at mmorning, nnoon,
and evevening) Kir \\ n. (for 1. see col. 1; for see p. 1191, col. 2; for %{sa-vana} see col.
3) instigation, order, command (cf. %{satya4-s-}) RV. MaitrUp.\\ mf(%{A})n. (fur %
{savana} see col. 1 &c.) together with woods MBh. \\ 3 n. (fr. %{su} or %{sU}; for 1. 2
see 1190, cols. 1. 2 for %{sa-vana}, p. 1190, col. 3) fire BhP.; a kind of hell VP.; N. of a
son of Bhr2igu MBh.; of a son of Vasisht2ha (one of the seven Rishsis under Manu
Rohita) VP.; of a son of Manu Svayambhuva Hariv.; of a son of Priya-vrata (v.l. %
{savala}) Pur.
savana* = mf({A})n. (fur {savana} see col. 1 &c.) together with woods MBh.
savikaaraM = with interactions
savichaara = investigational meditation
savitarka = inspectional meditation
savitri = a name of Sun
savyasaachin.h = O Savyasaci
sayanthini = (f) that belongs to the evening
s'ayitavya * =mfn. to be lain or slept Pacar. Kaths. (n. impers.; {mayA-hutavahezayitavyam}, `" it must be lain down by me in the fire "' Vs.)

s'ayitR * = * =m. one who sleeps or rests Pn. 4-2, 15.

s'ayita * = mfn. reposed, lying, sleeping, asleep MBh. Kv. &c.; m. the plant Cordia Myxa
W.; n. the place where any one has lain or slept Ks'. on Pn. 2-3, 68.
sayujya * = mfn. (fr. prec.) closely united with MW.; %{tA} f. intimate union or
junction ib.
sechananaalaH = (m) a water-gun used during Holi, pichkaari
sehe - deriv of sehana = * saasahaaNa mfn. (for %{sa-s-}) overcoming, conquering RV.
senayoH = of the armies
senaaniinaaM = of all commanders
sena *= 1 mfn. (7. %{sa} + %{ina}) having a master or lord , dependent on another
Va1s.\\ 2 (?) n. the body L.\\ 3 (for 1. 2. see col. 2) , in comp. for %{senA}.
senaa *= f. (fr. 2. %{si}) a missile , dart , spear RV. AV. ; N. of Indra's wife (or his
thunderbolt so personified) TS. AitBr. Vait. ; an army , armament , battle-array , armed
force (also personified as wife of Ka1rttikeya ; ifc. also %{sena} n.) RV. &c. &c. ; a small
army (consisting of 3 elephants , 3 chariots , 9 horse , and 15 foot) L. ; any drilled troop
or band or body of men Ba1lar. ; a kind of title or addition to the names of persons (also
names of courtezans) Sa1h. (cf. Pa1n2. 4-1 , 152 &c.) ; N. of a courtezan (abridged fr. %
{kubera-senA}) HParis3. ; of the mother of S3ambhava (the third Arhat of the present
Avasarpin2i1 L.

sendriyamaanasa = sa+indriya+mAnasa, wwith senses and mind

setavya * = mfn. to be bound or fastened together Nir. xi, 31 v.l.
setu = a bridge* mfn. (fr. 1. {si}) binding, who or what binds or fetters RV.; m. a bond,
fetter ib.; a ridge of earth, mound, bank, causeway, dike, dam, bridge, any raised piece of
ground separating fields (serving as a boundary or as a passage during inundations) RV.
&c. &c.; Rma's bridge (see {setubandha}) BhP.; a landmark, boundary, limit (also fig.
= `" barrier, bounds "') Mn. MBh. &c.; a help to the understanding of a text, an
explanatory commentary (also N. of various commentaries) Cat.; an established
institution, fixed rule MW.; the Pranava or sacred syllable Om (which is said to be
{mantrANAM setuH}) KlP.; Crataeva Roxburghii or Tapia Crataeva (= {varaNa},
{varuNa}) L.; N. of a son of Druhyu and brother of Babhru Hariv.; of a son of Babhru
Pur.; of a place MW.
setubheda * = m. the breaking down of an embankment Ka1v.
setubhedin * = mfn. breaking down barriers , removing obstructions MW. ; m. Croton
Polyandrum or Tiglium L.
setubhettR * = m. the destroyer of a dam or bridge MBh.
setukritpaatu = may the builder of bridge (over the sea) protect
setu\-bandhaasana = the bridge posture
setuba.ndhanaM = bridging

sev.h = to serve
sevaka = (m) servant
sevanIya 1 mfn. (for 2. see col. 2) to be followed or practised Bhartr2.; to be served or
waited upon or honoured Hariv. BhP.// 1 mfn. (for 1. see col. 1) to be sewn or stitched
together MW.
sevate = (1 ap) to serve
savala *= see %{zabala} and 3. %{savana}.
savalataa *= f. the plant yielding Soma-juice (cf. %{soma-l-}) Sa1y. on RV. viii, 29, 1.
savaalakhilya *= mfn. together with the Va1lakhilya hymns MW. = 1.
sevama = (n) apple
sevayaa = by the rendering of service
sevaa = service
sevitaa * = f. service, attendance Ma1rkP.
sevita * = mfn. dwelt in, visited, frequented, followed, served &c. (see %{sev}); furnished
or endowed with, abounding in (comp.) R.; n. = 1. %{sevi} L.
sevitaa * = f. service, attendance Ma1rkP.

sevitavya * = 1 mfn. (for 2. see below) to be frequented or inhabited Hariv.; to be

followed or practised TUp. Mn. &c.; to be tended or taken care of Ca1n2. Mr2icch.\\ 2
mfn. (for 1. see above) to be sewn Nir.
sevya * = to be resorted to or frequented or inhabited by (gen.) Hariv. Pacat. Kaths.; to
be followed (as a path) Rjat.; to be approached Cn.; to be waited upon or served or
obeyed, a master (as opp. to `" a servant "') R. Klid. &c.; to be honoured, honourable
Yj. MBh. &c.; to be enjoyed carnally Subh.; to be practised or used or employed MBh.
R. &c.; to be studied Cat.; to be kept or hoarded Hit.; to be taken care of or guarded W.;
m. the As'vattha tree, Ficus Religiosa L.; Barringtonia Acutangula L.; a sparrow L.; an
intoxicating drink made from the blossoms of the Bassia Latifolia L.; ({A}) f. the
parasitical plant Vand L.; Emblic Myrobolam L.; a kind of wild grain or rice L.; ({am})
n. the root of Andropogon Muricatus Sus'r.; red sandal-wood L.; sea-salt L.; the thick
middle part of curds L.; water L.
sevaamahe = (verb.Pr.I Per.Pl.Atma.Pada)
sevitvaM = aspiring
s'ekhara*= m. (fr. or connected with %{zikhara}) the top or crown of the head Katha1s. ;
a chaplet or wreath of flowers worn on the top of the head , crown , diadem , crest Hariv.
Ka1m. Pur. &c. ; a peak , summit , crest (of a mountain) ib. Ra1jat. ; (mostly ifc.) the
highest part , chief or head or best or most beautiful of (%{-tA} f.) , R2it. Caurap.
Dhu1rtas. ; (in music) a partic. Dhruva or introductory verse of a song (recurring as a
kind of refrain) ; N. of an author (with %{bhaTTa}) Cat. ; of a grammatical work ib. ; (%
{I}) f. Vanda Roxburghii L. ; n. cloves L. ; the root of Moringa Pterygosperma L.

s'abala *= mf(%{A}, or %{I})n. (also written %{zavala} ; cf. %{zabara} above)

variegated, brindled, dappled, spotted (in RV. x, 14, 10 applied to the two four-eyed
watch-dogs of Yama) RV. &c. &c. ; variegated by i.e. mixed or provided or filled with
(instr. or comp.) Ka1v. Sarvad. ; disfigured, disturbed BhP. (see comp.) ; m. a variegated
colour W. ; N. of a serpent-demon MBh. ; of a man (v.l. for %{zabara}) Cat. ; (%{A}) or
(%{I}) f. see below ; n. water (cf. %{zabara}) W. ; a partic. religious observance of the
Buddhists ib.
s'aabda * = mf({I})n. (fr. {zabda}) sonorous, sounding W.; relating to sound (as opp. to
{Artha} q.v.) Sh.; based on sounds, expressed in words oral, verbal, (esp.) resting on or
enjoined by sacred sound (i.e. on the Veda; with {brahman}. n. = `" the Veda "') S'Br.
&c.; nominal (as inflection) W.; m. a philologist, grammarian RPrt.; pl. a partic. sect
Hcar.; ({I}) f. Sarasvat (as goddess of speech and eloquence) W.
s'aaD* = cl. 1. . {zADate}, to praise Dhtup. viii, 37.
shaadhi = just instruct
shaakiNii = the goddess in vishuddha chakra
shaakha = branch
shaakhaM = branches
shaakhaa = (fem) branch
shaakhaaH = branches

s'aakuni *= m. `" a bird-catcher "' or `" an augur "' VP.

s'aala* = 1 mfn. (fr. {zR} for {zri}) being in a house &c. S'Br. ({a4m} ind. `" at home "'
ib.); m. (also written {sAla}), an enclosure, court, fence, rampart, wall Inscr. Kv.; the
S'l tree, Vatica Robusta (a valuable timber tree) MBh. Kv. &c.; Artocarpus Locucha L.;
any tree L.; a kind of fish, Ophiocephalus Wrahl Vs.; N. of a son of Vriika BhP.; of king
S'li-vhana L.; of a river W.; ({A}) f. see below; n. (ifc.) = {zAlA} (col. 2).
s'aalaa* = f. (ifc. also {zAla} n.) a house, mansion, building, hall, large room, apartment,
shed, workshop, stable AV. &c. &c. [cf. Germ. {saal}; Eng. {hall}]; a large branch (cf.
{zAkhA}) L.; a kind of metre (cf. {zAlinI}).
s'aala* = 2 m. (for 1. see col. 1) = {zala} g. {jval-Adi}; m. n. (also written {sAla}) g.
{ardharcA7di}.
s'aalva * m. pl. (also written {sAlva}; cf. {zalva}) N. of a people GopBr. MBh. &c. (mfn. `"
relating to the S'alvas "' g. {kacchA7di}); sg. a king of the S'lvas (mentioned among the
enemies of Vishnu; cf. {zAlvA7ri} below) MBh. Hariv. BhP.; ({A}) f. (prob.) N. of a river
g. {nady-Adi}; n. the fruit of the S'lva plant Pn. 4-3, 166 Vrtt. 2 Pat. (v.l.)
s'aambalAmbAvarmaratna* = n. N. of a ch. of the Saubhgya-lakshm-tantra.
s'aamitra * =mfn. (fr. %{zamitR}) relating to the official who cuts up the sacrificial
victim (see %{-karman}) BhP.; m. (scil. %{agni}) the fire for cooking the sacrificial flesh
Gr2S3rS. [1065,3]; n. the place for the above fire S3rS.; any place of immolation,
shambles Vait. Mr2icch.; = next MBh.
s'aaMtanu* = m. N. of the father of Bhshma (in older language {za4Mtanu} q.v.) MBh.

Hariv. &c.; a partic. inferior kind of grain Sus'r

s'aaMkara* = mf({I})n. (fr. {zaM-kara}) relating or belonging to S'iva Kaths.; relating
to or derived from or composed by S'ankara7crya Sarvad. Cat.; m. a bull W.; a follower
of S'ankaracrya MW.; ({I}) f. see below; n. the Nakshatra rdr (presided over by S'iva)
VarYogay.
shaambhavii = related to S'iva who is known as shambhu
s'aama* = mfn. (1. {zam}) appeasing, curing, having curative properties MW.
s'aamaa* = f. (prob.) a kind of plant (used for curing leprosy) AV. i, 24, 4 (Paipp.
{zyAmA})
s'aambara * mf({I4})n. relating or belonging or peculiar to S'ambara RV. Hariv. &c.;
coming from the deer called S'S'ambara Bhpr.; ({I}) f. jugglery, sorcery, illusion (as
practised by the Daitya S'S'ambara) Naish.; a sorceress W.; n. the fight with
S'S'ambara RV.; a kind of sandal L. (cf. {zAbara}).
s'aaMkara * = mf({I})n. (fr. {zaM-kara}) relating or belonging to S'iva Kaths.; relating
to or derived from or composed by S'ankara7crya Sarvad. Cat.; m. a bull W.; a follower
of S'ankaracrya MW.; ({I}) f. see below; n. the Nakshatra rdr (presided over by S'iva)
VarYogay.
shaambhavii\-mudraa = gazing between ones eyes
shaamyati = (4 pp) to stop

shaaNDhya* n. (fr. {SaNDha}) the state of being a eunuch, impotence Car. (printed
{zAThya}).
s'aanta 2 mfn. (fr. 1. %{zam}) appeased , pacified , tranquil , calm , free from passions ,
undisturbed Up. MBh. &c. ; soft , pliant Hariv. ; gentle , mild , friendly , kind , auspicious
(in augury ; opp. to %{dIpta}) AV. &c. &c. ; abated , subsided , ceased , stopped ,
extinguished , averted (%{zAntam} or %{dhik@zAntam} or %{zAntam@pApam} , may
evil or sin be averted! may God forfend! Heaven forbid! not so!) S3Br. MBh. Ka1v. &c. ;
rendered ineffective , innoxious , harmless (said of weapons) MBh. R. ; come to an end ,
gone to rest , deceased , departed , dead , died out ib. Ragh. Ra1jat. ; purified , cleansed
W. ; m. an ascetic whose passions are subdued W. ; tranquillity , contentment (as one of
the Rasas q.v.) ; N. of a son of Day MBh. ; of a son of Manu Ta1masa Ma1rkP. ; of a son
of S3ambara Hariv. ; of a son of Idhma-jihva BhP. ; of a son of A1pa VP. ; of a Devaputra
Lalit. ; (%{A}) f. (in music) a partic. S3ruti Sam2gi1t. ; Emblica Officinalis L. ; Prosopis
Spicigera and another species L. ; a kind of Du1rva1 grass L. ; a partic. drug (= %
{reNukA}) L. ; N. of a daughter of Das3a-ratha (adopted daughter of Loma-pa1da or
Roma-pa1da and wife of R2ishya-s3r2in3ga) MBh. Hariv. R. ; (with Jainas) of a goddess
who executes the orders of the 7th Arhat L. ; of a S3akti MW. ; n. tranquillity , peace of
mind BhP. ; N. of a Varsha in Jambu-dvi1pa ib. ; N. of a Ti1rtha W.
s'aastra= see shaastra
saa7svaadana* = n. (scil. {sthAna}; with Jainas) N. of the second of the 14 stages towards
supreme bliss Cat.
s'aatha*= m. (fr. {zaT}?) a strip of cloth, a kind of skirt or petticoat, a partic. sort of
garment or gown Vas. Cn.; ({I}) f. see below.

s'aata4* = 1 mfn. (fr. {zo}; cf. {zita}) sharpened, whetted, sharp Kaths. Rjat.; thin,
feeble, slender, emaciated Hariv. Kv. VarBriS.; n. the thorn-apple MW.
s'aata* = 2 m. (fr. 2. {zad}) falling out or decaying (of nails, hair &c.) Sus'r.
s'aata* = 3 n. joy, pleasure, happiness L.; mfn. handsome, bright, happy W.
s'aatana 1 n. the act of sharpening or wetting MW. ; sharpness, thinness ib.\\ 2 mf(%
{I})n. causing to fall or decay, felling, destroying, hewing or cutting off Nir. Ka1v.
Katha1s. ; n. the act of causing to fall &c. ; cutting or plucking off L. ; destroying, ruining
Ma1rkP. ; polishing, planing Ma1rkP. ; a means of removing or destroying Sus3r.
S3a1rn3gS. (cf. %{garbha-z-}). [1064,1]
saayujya * = n. (fr. %{sa-yuj}) intimate union, communion with (gen. loc. instr., or
comp.); identification, absorption (into the divine Essence; this is one of the four grades
or states of Mukti cf. %{sAlokya} RTL.41) Ka1t2h. Br. MBh. &c.; likeness, similarity W.
s'aayi-taa * f. (fr. next) the state of lying or reposing or abiding in (ifc.) MBh. Kaths.
shaa.ntamuurtim.h = the personification of peace or unruffled benign-looking
shaa.ntiH = peace
shaanta = the sentiment of happiness, peace, pleasure
shaantaH = peaceful
shaantarajasaM = his passion pacified

shaanti = calmness
shaantiM = peace
shaantiH = peaceshaaradaa = Wife of Sri Ramakrishna (also Goddess Sarasvati)
s'aapa * = 1 m. (ifc. f. {A}; fr. {zap}) a curse, malediction, abuse, oath, imprecation, ban,
interdiction (acc. with {vac}, {dA}, {pra-yam}, {ny-as}, {vi-sRj}, {A-diz}, `" to pronounce
or utter a curse on any one "', with dat. gen. loc., or acc. with {prati}) MBh. Kv. &c.
s'aapa * = 2 m. (of doubtful derivation) floating wood or other substances
shaariiraM = (n) body
shaardulaH = (m) tiger
s'aarva * = mf({I})n. (fr. {zarva}) relating or belonging or sacred to or derived from S'iva
Kv. Kaths. (with {diz} f. the east VarBriS.)
shaashvataH = permanent
shaashvatasya = of the eternal
shaashvataaH = eternal
shaashvatiiH = many
shaashvate = of the Vedas

shaasakiiya = (adj) of the government

shaasana = government, discipline
shaastra = science
s'aastra* = n. an order, command, precept, rule RV. Kv. Pur.; teaching, instruction,
direction, advice, good counsel MBh. Kv. &c.; any instrument of teaching, any manual
or compendium of rules, any bock or treatise, (esp.) any religious or scientific treatise,
any sacred book or composition of divine authority (applicable even to the Veda, and said
to be of fourteen or even eighteen kinds [see under {vidyA}]; the word {zAstra} is often
found ifc. after the word denoting the subject of the book, or is applied collectively to
whole departments of knowledge e.g. {vedA7nta-z-}, a work on the Veda7nta philosophy
or the whole body of teaching on that subject; {dharma-z-}, a law-book or whole body of
written laws; {kAvya-z-}, a poetical work or poetry in general; {zilpi-z-}, works on the
mechanical arts; {kAma-z-}, erotic compositions; {alaMkAra z-}, rhetoric, &c.) Nir. Prt.
Mn. MBh. &c.; a body of teaching (in general), scripture, science Kv. Pur.shaastraM =
revealed scripture
shaastravidhiM = the regulations of the scriptures
shaastraaNi = sciences (scriptures)
s'aastritva * = n. the state of being a ruler, ruling, governing BhP.
shaathikaa = (f) saree
s'aava *= 1 m. (prob. fr. 1. %{zU} for %{zvi} ; cf. %{zizu}) the young of any animal (cf. %

{mRga-zAva}) MBh. Ka1v. &c. \\ 2 mfn. (fr. %{zava}) cadaverous, relating to a dead
body , produced by or belonging to a corpse Gaut. Mn. MBh. &c. ; dead Hariv. ; of a
cadaverous or dark yell
s'aaya * mfn. (fr. {zI}) lying, sleeping, abiding
s'aayana* = n. N. of a Sman rshBr.
shabda = Word
shabdaM = sound
s'abda * = m. (in DhynabUp. also n. ifc. f. {A} perhaps connected with 3. {zap} cf. also
2. {zap}) sound, noise, voice, tone, note ({zabdaM} {kR}, to utter a sound, raise the voice,
cry aloud; sound is supposed to be sevenfold [MBh. xii, 6858] or eight. fold [Dharmas.
35] or tenfold [MBh. xiv, 1418] [1052, 3]; in the Mmns it is taught to be eternal); a
word ({zabdena}, by word, explicitly, expressly) ib. Ks'. on Pn. 2-3, 19; speech,
language BhP.; the right word, correct expression (opp. to {apa-zabda}) Pat.; the sacred
syllable Om, AmriitUp.; (in gram.) a declinable word or a word-termination, affix Pn.
Sch.; a name, appellation, title Mn. MBh. &c. ({tacchabdAt} "', because it is so-called "'
KtyS'r.); a technical term TPrt.; verbal communication or testimony, oral tradition,
verbal authority or evidence (as one of the Pramnas q.v. ) Nyyas. Sarvad.
shabdaH = combined sound
shabdabrahma = ritualistic principles of scriptures
shabdaadin.h = sound vibration, etc

shabdhaartha = word by word meaning

shaD.hbala = Six Strengths. A method of determining planetary powers
shaD.hvarga = The Six Harmonic Charts: Rashi, Hora, dreshhkaaNa, navaa.nsha,
dvadasha.nsha and tri.nsha.nsha
s'ad* = 1 (only occurring in the forms {zAzadu4H}, {zAzadmahe}, {zAzadre4}, and
{zA4zadAna}), to distinguish one's self. be eminent or superior, prevail, triumph RV. AV.
[Cf. Gk. $, $, &318197[1051,2] $, $], \\2 cl. 1. 6. . (Dhtup. xx, 25; xxviii, 134) {zIyate}
(cf. Pn. 7-3, 78; P. in non-conjugational tenses, i, 3. 60; pf. {zazada}, {zeduH} Br.; fut.
{zatsyati} AV.; aor. {azadat} Gr.; fut. {zattA} ib. [1051,3]; inf. {zattum} ib.), to fall, fall
off or out AV. Br. Bhathth.: Caus. {zAdayati}, to impel, drive on (cattle) Pn. 7-3, 42;
{zAta4yati}, {-te} (cf. ib), to cause to fall off or out or asunder, hew or cut off, knock out
AV. &c. &c.; to fell, throw down, slay, kill MBh. Hariv. R.; to disperse, dispel, remove,
destroy Gobh. S'is'. Sus'r.: Desid. {zizatsati} Gr.: Intens. {zAzadyate}, {zAzatti} ib. [Cf.,
accord. to some, Lat. {cedo}.]
shadbhid *V = within six months SB 3.31.4; six SB 4.3.17, SB 4.9.30; with
six (arrows) SB 10.54.26; by the six (purification of place, time, substance, the doer,
the mantras and the work) SB 11.21.15; with his six types of associates SB
12.11.46; by these six
shaibyaH = Saibya
shaila = shell
shailaadhiraaja = the king of mountains (Himaalayaas)

shailii = (f) style

s'apa * = m. a curse, imprecation, oath (= {zapatha}) L.; a corpse (w.r. for {zava} q.v.)
W.; N. of a man g. {azvA7di}.
shath =* (adj) six
s'aka *= 1 see %{su-za4ka}.\\ 2 n. excrement , ordure , dung (cf. %{zakan} , i , %
{zakRt}) AV. ; water (v.l. for %{kaza}) Naigh. i , 12 ; m. a kind of animal Pan5car. (v.l. %
{zala}) ; w.r. for %{zuka} MBh. xiii , 2835 ; (%{A}) f. a kind of bird or fly or long-eared
animal VS. TS. (Sch.)
\\ 3 m. pl. N. of a partic. whiteskinned tribe or race of people (in the legends which
relate the contests between Vasisht2ha and Vis3vamitra the S3akas are fabled to have
been produced by the Cow of Vasisht2ha , from her sweat , for the destruction of
Vis3va1mitra's army ; in Mn. x , 44 , they are mentioned together with the Paun2d2rakas
, Od2ras , Dravid2as , Ka1mbojas , Javanas or Yavanas , Pa1radas , Pahlavas , Ci1nas ,
Kira1tas , Daradas , and Khas3as , described by Kullu1ka as degraded tribes of
Kshatriyas called after the districts in which they reside: according to the VP. iv , 3 , king
Sagara attempted to rid his kingdom of these tribes , but did not succeed in destroying
them all: they are sometimes regarded as the followers of S3aka or S3a1li-va1hana , and
are probably to be identified with the Tartars or Indo-Scythians [Lat. %{saca}] who
overran India before the A1ryans , and were conquered by the great Vikrama7ditya [q.v.]
; they really seem to have been dominant in the north-west of India in the last century
before and the first two centuries after the beginning of our era) AV.Paris3. Mn. MBh.
&c. ; a king of the S3akas g. %{kambojA7di} (on Pa1n2. 4-1 , 175 Va1rtt.) ; an era , epoch
(cf. %{-kAla}) ; a year (of any era) Inscr. ; a partic. fragrant substance Gal.

shakunta = crane
shakta = strong
shaktaaH = capable
s'akti: or f. power, ability, strength, might, effort, energy, capability ({zaktyA} or {Atmaz-} or {sva-z-}, `" according to ability "'
s'akti: f. power, ability, strength, might, effort, energy, capability ({zaktyA} or {Atma-z-}
or {sva-z-}, `" according to ability "'; {paraM zaktyA}, with all one's might "'; {vittazaktyA}, `" according to the capability of one's property "'; {zaktim a-hApayitvA}, `" not
relaxing one's efforts, exerting all one's strength "'), faculty, skill, capacity for, power
over (gen. loc. dat., or inf.) RV. &c. &c.; effectiveness or efficacy (of a remedy) S'rngS.;
regal power (consisting of three parts, {prabhutva}, personal pre-eminence; {mantra},
good counsel, and {utsAha}, energy) Km. (cf. Ragh. iii, 13); the energy or active power
of a deity personified as his wife and worshipped by the S'kta (q.v.) sect of Hinds under
various names (sometimes only three, sometimes eight S'akti goddesses are enumerated,
as follow, Indrni, Vaishnav, S'nt, Brahmn, Kaumri, Nrasinh, Vrh, and
Mhes'var, but some substitute Cmund and Cndik for the third and sixth of these:
according to another reckoning there are nine, viz. Vaishnav, Brahmni, Raudri,
Mhes'var, Nrasinh, Vrh, Indran, Krttik, and Pradhn: others reckon fifty
different forms of the S'akti of Vishnu besides Lakshm, some of these are Krtti, Knti,
Tushthi, Pushth, Dhriiti. S'nti, Kriy, Day, Medh &c.; and fifty forms of the S'akti of
S'iva or Rudra besides Durg "' or Gaur, some of whom are Guno7dar, Viraj, Slmali,
Lola7kshi, Vartula7ksh, Drgha-ghon, Sudirgha-mukh, Go-mukh, Dirgha-jihv,
Kundo7dar, Ardha-kes', Vikriita-mukh, Jvl-mukhi, Ulkmukhi &c.; Sarasvati is also

named as a S'akti, both of Vishnu and Rudra: according to the Vyu-Purna the female
nature of Rudra became twofold, one half {asita} or white, and the other {sita} or black,
each of these again becoming manifold, those of the white or mild nature included
Lakshm, Sarasvati, Gaur, Um &c.; those of the dark and fierce nature, Durg, Kli
&c.) Kv. Kaths. Pur. (cf. RTL. 181 &c. MWB. 216); the female organ (as worshipped by
the S'kta sect either actually or symbolically) RTL. 140; the power or signification of a
word (defined in the Nyya as {padasya padA7rthe} {sambandhaH} i.e. `" the relation of
a word to the thing designated "') Bhshp. Sh.; (in Gram.) case-power, the idea
conveyed by a case (= {kAraka}) Pn. 2-3, 7 Sch.; the power or force or most effective
word of a sacred text or magic formula Up. Pacar.; the creative power or imagination
(of a poet) Kvya7d.; help, aid, assistance, gift, bestowal RV.; a spear, lance, pike, dart
RV. &c. (also {zaktI} g. {bahv-Adi}); a sword MW.; (prob.) a flag-staff (see {ratha-z-})
[1044, 3]; a partic. configuration of stars and planets (when the latter are situated in the
7th, 8th, 9th, and 10th astrological house), VirBriS.; m. N. of a Muni or sage (the eldest
of Vasishthha's hundred sons; accord. to VP. he was father of Pars'ara, and was
devoured by king Kalmsha-pda, when changed to a man-eating Rkshasa, in
consequence of a curse pronounced upon him by the sage; he is represented as having
overcome Vis'vmitra at the sacrifice of king Saudsa; he is regarded as the author of
RV. vii, 32, 26; ix, 97, 19-21; 108, 3; 14-16; S'akti is also identified with one of the
Vylsas, and with Avalokite7s'vara, and has elsewhere the patr. Jtukarna and Snkriiti)
Pravar. MBh. &c.
s'akti = strength
s'aktiH = power; might
s'aktichaalanii = one of the mudras, involves contracting the rectum

s'akti\-chaalinii = the nerve-power posture

s'aktimat * = mfn. possessed of ability, powerful, mighty, able to (inf. or loc.) Mn. MBh.
&c.; possessing a competence, one who has gained a fortune MW.; possessed of or united
with his Sakti or energy (as a god) Katha1s.; armed with a spear or lance Hariv.; m. N. of
a mountain (prob. w.r. for %{zukti-mat}) MBh.; (%{atI}) f. N. of a woman, Kathis.; (%{mat}) %{-tva} n. power, might Ragh.
s'aktitrayaH = three powers of `ichcha', `kriya' and `gyana'
s'akra * = mf({A4})n. strong, powerful, mighty (applied to various gods, but esp. to
Indra) RV. AV. TBr. Lthy.; m. N. of Indra MBh. Kv. &c.; of an ditya MBh. Hariv.; of
the number, fourteen "' Ganit.; Wrightia Antidysenterica L.; Terminalia Arjuna L.
shaknavaama = I pl `imperative' paras. of shak, be able
shaknoti = (5 pp) to be able
shaknomi = am I able
shaknoshhi = you are able
shakya = possible
shakyaM = is able
shakyaH = practical

shakyattvaat.h = from capability

shakyase = are able
shakrasya = (masc.poss.S)of God Indra
s'akuni *= m. a bird (esp. a large bird L. = %{gridhra} or %{cilla} accord. to some `" a
cock "') RV. &c. &c. ; (in astronomy) N. of the first fixed %{karaNa} (q.v.) VarBr2S. ; N.
of a Naga MBh. ; of an evil demon (son of Duh2-saha) Ma1rkP. ; of an Asura (son of
Hiran2ya7ksha and father of Vr2ika) Hariv. Pur. ; of the brother of queen Gandha1ri1
(and therefore the brother-in-law of Dhr2ita-ra1sht2ra and the Ma1tula or maternal
uncle of the Kuru princes ; as son of Subala, king of Ga1ndha1ra, he is called Saubala ; he
often acted as counsellor of Duryodhana, and hence his name is sometimes applied to an
old officious relative whose counsels ten to misfortune) MBh. Hariv. &c. (cf. IW. 380) ; of
a son of Vikukshi and grandson of Ikshva1ku) Hariv. ; of a son of Das3a-ratha ib. BhP. ;
of the great-grandfather of As3oka Ra1jat. ; du. N. of the A1s3vins MW. ; (%{i} or %{I}) f.
see below.
s'akunii *= f. (of %{zakuna} or %{-ni}, col, 2) a female bird MBh. Hariv. ; a hensparrow L. ; Turdus Macrourus L. ; N. of a female demon (sometimes identified with
Durga1) causing a partic. child's disease (sometimes = %{pUtanA}, and in this sense also
%{zakuni}) MBh. Hariv.
s'akunta *= m. a bird MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; a partic. bird of prey BhP. ; a blue jay L. ; a sort
of insect L. ; N. of a son of Vis3va1mitra MBh.
s'ala = a building or a house, normally with a specific purpose

shalabha = a locust
shalabhaH = (m) grasshopper
shalabhaasana = the locust posture
shalaakaa = a small twig (in this case, like an eye-pencil)
s'ala* = mfn. (connection with above very doubtful) = {dravaNa-samartha} Nir. Sch.; m.
a staff TBr.; a dart, spear L.; a kind of animal Pacar. (accord. to L. `" a camel "' or `"
an ass "'); = {kSetrabhid} L.; = {vidhi} L.; N. of Bhriingi (one of S'iva's attendants) L.; of
Brahm W.; of a serpent-demon MBh.; of a son of Dhriita-rshthra ib.; of a son of Somadatta ib.; of a son of Parkshit ib.; of a son of S'una-hotra Hariv.; m. or n. the quill of a
porcupine L.; a partic. measure of length (cf. $-, {paJcaz-}. &c.); ({I}) f. see below.
s'aaliina *= mf(%{A})n. having a fixed house or abode , settled , established , domestic
A1past. Baudh. ; impotent (in a partic. manner) Na1r. ; shy , bashful , modest Ka1v. Pur.
(arn ind. Naish.) ; like , resembling W. ; m. an opulent householder , one who devotes
himself to household or worldly affairs ib. ; (%{A}) f. Anethum Panmorium or another
species L. ; n. bashfulness , modesty , humility , (esp.) taking alms without begging BhP.
s'alva * = m. pl. N. of a people L. (cf. {sa4lva}); a kind of plant L.
shalyaH = (m) porcupine
s'am * = 1 cl. 4. P. (Dhtup. xxvi, 92), {zA4myati} (rarely {-te}, and ep. also {zanati}, {te}; Ved. {zamyati}, {zimyati}, and cl. 9. {zamnAti} [Naigh. ii, 9], {zamnISe},
{zamnIthAs} Impv. {zamnISva}, {zamISva}, {zamiSva}, {zamIdhvam}; pf. {zazAma},

{zemuH} Br. &c.; {zazame4} Subj. {zaza4mate} RV.; p. {zazamAna4} [q.v.]; aor.
{a4zamiSThAs} RV.; {azamat} Br. [cf. pres.]; Prec. {zamyAt} Gr.; fut. {zamizA},
{zamiSyati} ib.; ind. p. {zamitvA}, {zAntvA}, {zA8mam} ib.), to toil at, fatigue or exert
one's self (esp. in performing ritual acts) RV. TBr.; to prepare, arrange VS.; to become
tired, finish, stop, come to an end, rest, be quiet or calm or satisfied or contented TS.
S'Br. &c.; to cease, be allayed or extinguished MBh. Kv. &c.; cl. 9. (cf. above) to put an
end to, hurt, injure, destroy Kthh.: Pass. {zamyate} (aor. {azami}) Pn. 7-3, 34: Caus.
{zama4yati} (m. c. also {zAmayati}; aor. {azIzamat}; Pass. {zAmyate}), to appease,
allay, alleviate, pacify, calm, soothe, settle RV. &c. &c.; to put to an end or to death, kill,
slay, destroy, remove, extinguish. sup. press TS. &c. &c.; to leave off, desist MBh.; to
conquer, subdue Klid. Bhathth.: Desid. {zizamiSati} Gr.: Intens. {zaMzamIti} (Blar.),
{zaMzamyate}, {zaMzanti} (Gr.), to be entirely appeased or extinguished (pf.
{zaMzamAM cakruH} Bhathth.). [Cf. Gk. $], &318859[1053, 3] \\ = 2 ind. (g. {cA7di}
and {svar-Adi}) auspiciously, fortunately, happily, well (frequently used in the Veda,
rarely in later language; often to be translated by a subst., esp. in the frequent phrase
{za4M yo4H} or {za4M ca yo4z ca}, `" happiness and welfare "', sometimes joined with
the verbs {bhU}, as, {kR}, {dAvah}, {yA}, sometimes occurring without any verb; with
dat. or gen. [cf. Pn. 2-3, 73 Sch.]; in some cases corresponding to an adj. e.g. {zaM tad
asmai}, that is pleasant to him) RV. &c. &c.
s'ama = Tranqulity * = zama m. tranquillity, calmness, rest, equanimity, quietude or
quietism, absence of passion, abstraction from eternal objects through intense
meditation ({zamaM} {kR}, `" to calm one's self "', be tranquil "') Mn. MBh. &c.; peace,
peace with ({sA7rdham}) MBh.; Quietism or Tranquillity (personified as a son of
Dharma and husband of Pra7pti) MBh.; tranquillization, pacification, allayment,
alleviation, cessation, extinction MBh. Kv. &c.; absence of sexual passion or excitement,
impotence TndBr.; alleviation or cure of disease, convalescence W.; final happiness,

emancipation from all the illusions of existence L.; indifference, apathy Rjat.; the hand
(cf. {zaya}) L.; imprecation, malediction (w.r. for {zapa}) L.; N. of a king of the Nandivegas MBh.; of a son of Andhaka Hariv.; of a son of Dharma-stra BhP.; ({A}) f. N. of a
divine female, PrGth.; ({za4ma}) mfn. tame, domestic RV. i, 32, 15; 33, 15.
shamaM = mental tranquillity
shamaH = cessation of all material activities
shamanaM = subsiding
s'ambhala* m. (also written {sambhala}) N. of a town (situated between the Rathapr
and Ganges, and indentified by some with sambhal in Moradbd; the town or district of
S'ambhala is fabled to be the place where Kalki, the last incarnation of Vishnu, is to
appear in the family of a Brhman named Vishnu-yas'as) MBh. Hariv. Pur.; ({I}) f. a
procuress L. (cf. {zamphalI} and {zambhalI}).
s'ambhalagrAma* = m. the town S'ambhala MBh. Hariv. Pur. (also {-grAmaka}); {mAhAtmya} (or {zambhala-m-}) n. `" glory of S'ambhala "'N. of part of the SkandaP.
shambuukaH = (m) snail
shambhu = a name of Shiva
s'ambara * m. N. of a demon (in RV. often mentioned with Sushna, Arbuda, Pipru &c.;
he is the chief enemy of Divo-dsa Atithigva, for whose deliverance he was thrown down
a mountain and slain by Indra; in epic and later poetry he is also a foe of the god of love)
RV. &c. &c.; a cloud Naigh. i, 10; a weapon Sy. on RV. i, 112, 14; war, fight L.; a kind of

deer Vs. Bhpr.; a fish or a kind of fish L.; Terminalia Arunja L.; Symplocos Racemosa
L.; a mountain in general or a partic. mountain L.; best, excellent L.; = {citraka} L.; N. of
of a Jina L.; of a king Vs. (v.l. for {zambaraNa} and {saM-varaNa}); of a juggler (also
called {zambarasiddhi}) Ratna7v.; ({I}) f. Salvinia Cucullata L. Croton Polyandrum L.; =
{mAyA}, sorcery, magic (prob. w.r. for {zAmbarI}) L.; n. water Naigh. i, 12 (but Sh.
censures the use of {zambara} in this sense); power, might Naigh.ii, 9; sorcery, magic
Kaths. (printed {saM-vara}); any vow or a partic. vow (with Buddhists) L.; wealth L.; =
{citra} L.; (pl.) the fastnesses of S'ambara RV.
s'ambala* = m. n. (also -written {sambala}, or {saM-vala} q.v.) provender or provisions
for a journey, stock for travelling Kv. Krand.; `" a bank, shore "' or "' a race, family "'
({kUla} or {kula}) L.; envy, jealousy L.; ({I}) f. a procuress L. (cf. {zambhalI} and
{zamphalI}).
s'ambhu * = mfn. being or existing for happiness or welfare, granting or causing
happiness, beneficent, benevolent, helpful, kind RV. AV. Br. S'rS.; m. N. of S'iva MBh.
Kv. &c.; of Brahm MBh. Hariv.; of a partic. Agni MBh.; of Vishnu L.; of a son of
Vishnu MBh.; of Indra in the 10th Manvantara BhP.; of one of the 11 Rudras MBh. Hariv.
VP.; of a king of the Daityas R.; of an Arhat L.; of a Siddha L.; of a king MBh. (v.l.
{zanku}); of a son of S'uka Hariv.; of a son of Ambarsha BhP.; (also with {bhaTTa}) of
various authors and other men Cat.; a kind of Asclepias L.; a kind of metre Col.; f. N. of
the wife of Dhruva Hariv. VP.
s'ambhU4 * =mfn. (= {zambhu4} above) beneficent, kind RV.; m. N. of an author of
Tntric prayers Cat.
s'aMkara* = mf({I})n. causing prosperity, auspicious, beneficent Nir. MBh. BhP.; m. N.

of Rudra or S'iva VS. s'vGri. MBh. &c.; of a son of Kas'yapa and Danu VP.; of Skanda
AV.Paris'.; of a serpentdemon L.; of a Cakra-vartin L.; N. of various authors and
commentators, (esp.) of S'ankara7crya (see next page, col. 1; also with {bhaTTa},
{paNDita}, {zarman}, {rAjA7naka}, &c.); ({A}) f. (cf. {zaM-garA} under {zaM} above) =
{zakunikA}, PIn. iii, 2, 14 Vrtt.i Pat.; N. of a female ib.; a partic. Rga or musical mode
MW.; ({I}) f. see p. 1055.
s'amitR* = mfn. one who keeps his mind calm, Raj.; (%{-tR4}) m. a killer, slaughterer,
cutter up (of a slaughtered victim), preparer, dresser RV. Br. MBh.
s'auNDi * = mfn. fond of, devoted to BhP. (B.)
s'aMsa *= m. recitation , invocation , praise RV. ; wishing well or ill to , a blessing or a
curse ib. ; a promise , vow ib. (%{narA4M@za4Msa} RV. ii , 34 , 6 , prob. = %{narA-z-}
q.v. ; %{Rju4r} %{i4c} %{cha4Msa} , ii , 26 , 1 either , by tmesis , `" the right praiser "' ,
or %{Rju-zaMsa} as adj. `" righteous , faithful "' ; a spell MW. ; calumny ib. ; (%{A}) f.
praise , flattery , eulogium Ka1v. ; wish , desire W. ; speech , utterance , anouncement R.
; mfn. reciting , proclaiming , praising , wishing (see %{agha-} , %{duH-z} &c.)
s'aMtanu* = ({za4M-}) mfn. wholesome for the body or the person ({-tva4} n.) TS.; m.
(also written {zAMtanu}) N. of an ancient king with the patr. Kauravya (he was
fourteenth descendant of Kuru, son of Pratpa and younger brother of Devpi, and
usurped the sovereignty whilst the latter became a hermit; he married Gang and S'atyavati; by the former he had a son named Bhshma, and by the latter Citra7ngada and
Vicitravirya cf. IW. 375) RV. MBh. Hariv. &c.; (with {cakra-vartin}) N. of an author (son
of Uddharana, of the Tomara race) Cat.; {-tanUja} m. `" son of S'antanu "'N. of
Bhshma, S'is. xv, 20.

samplava* m. flowing together, meeting or swelling (of waters), flood, deluge R. Hariv.
BhP. a dense mass, heap, multitude Mn. MBh. &c.; conglomeration, taking a form or
shape, rise, origin BhP.; noise, tumult (esp. of battle) Hariv. R.; submersion by water,
destruction, ruin Yj. MBh. Kv. &c.; end, close of (comp.) BhP.
s'ama* = m. tranquillity, calmness, rest, equanimity, quietude or quietism, absence of
passion, abstraction from eternal objects through intense meditation ({zamaM} {kR}, `"
to calm one's self "', be tranquil "') Mn. MBh. &c.; peace, peace with ({sA7rdham})
MBh.; Quietism or Tranquillity (personified as a son of Dharma and husband of Pra7pti)
MBh.; tranquillization, pacification, allayment, alleviation, cessation, extinction MBh.
Kv. &c.; absence of sexual passion or excitement, impotence TndBr.; alleviation or
cure of disease, convalescence W.; final happiness, emancipation from all the illusions of
existence L.; indifference, apathy Rjat.; the hand (cf. {zaya}) L.; imprecation,
malediction (w.r. for {zapa}) L.; N. of a king of the Nandi-vegas MBh.; of a son of
Andhaka Hariv.; of a son of Dharma-stra BhP.; ({A}) f. N. of a divine female, PrGth.;
({za4ma}) mfn. tame, domestic RV. i, 32, 15; 33, 15.
s'amala *= n. (Un2. i , iii) impurity , sin , blemish , fault , harm AV. TS. Ka1t2h. Kaus3.
BhP. ; feces , ordure L.
s'ami* = n. labour, toil, work, effort RV. AV.; f. a legume, pod (v.l. {zimi}) L.; the S'am
tree (see below); m. N. of a son of Andhaka Hariv.; of a son of Us'inara BhP.
s'amii* = f. (cf. {za4mi}) effort, labour, toil RV. VS.; ({zamI4}) the S'am tree, Prosopis
Spicigera or (accord. to others) Mimosa Suma (possessing a very tough hard wood
supposed to contain fire cf. Mn. viii, 247 Ragh. iii, 9; it was employed to kindle the sacred
fire, and a legend relates that Pur-ravas generated primeval fire by the friction of two

branches of the Sam and As'vattha trees) AV. &c. [1054,2]; a legume, pod (cf. {-jAti}); a
partic. measure (see {catuh-z-}) = {valgulI} or {vAgnji} L.
samiihaa *V = -ase... praying for, you endeavor *= f. striving after , longing for , wish ,
desire MBh. Ka1v. &c.
samiihana *= mfn. zealous , eager (said of Vishn2u) MBh.
s'aMkara * = mf({I})n. causing prosperity, auspicious, beneficent Nir. MBh. BhP.; m. N.
of Rudra or S'iva VS. s'vGri. MBh. &c.; of a son of Kas'yapa and Danu VP.; of Skanda
AV.Paris'.; of a serpentdemon L.; of a Cakra-vartin L.; N. of various authors and
commentators, (esp.) of S'ankara7crya (see next page, col. 1; also with {bhaTTa},
{paNDita}, {zarman}, {rAjA7naka}, &c.); ({A}) f. (cf. {zaM-garA} under {zaM} above) =
{zakunikA}, PIn. iii, 2, 14 Vrtt.i Pat.; N. of a female ib.; a partic. Rga or musical mode
MW.; ({I}) f. see p. 1055.
sankarshana: see saMkarshana or san'karshana
s'an'kin *= mfn. afraid of. fearing (comp.) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; timid, suspicious,
distrustful as (comp. e.g. %{kAka-s-}, `" distrustful as a crow "') MBh. Katha1s. ;
assuming, supposing, suspecting, imagining Ragh. Hit. ; full of apprehension or danger
Pan5cat.
s'an'kinta *= mfn. alarmed, apprehensive, distrustful, suspicious, afraid of (abl. gen., or
comp.), anxious about (loc. or acc. with %{prati}) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; assuming, supposing
Ra1jat. ; feared, apprehended R. S3a1ntis3. ; doubted, doubtful, uncertain Mn. Mr2icch.
&c. ; weak, unsteady W.

sanni * = f. depression of the mind, despondency, despair BhP.

SaNNidhana * = n. N. of a Sa1man A1rshBr.
sannIkRta * = mfn. appeased, satisfied Katha1s.
sannimat * = mfn. desponding, despairing ib.
sannimitta * = n. a good omen R.; a ggood cause; the cause of the ggood MW.; (%
{am}) ind. for a ggood ccause Hit.; (%{e}) ind. for the sake of the ggood MW.
sannisarga * = m. ggood nature, kindness ib.
SaNNivartanI * = f. a partic. mode of subsistence Baudh. (v.l. %{-niv-}).
sannivAsa * = mfn. (for %{saM-n-} see %{saM-ni-} 5. %{vas}) staying with the ggood
(Vishn2u) MBh.
s'aarva mf(%{I})n. (fr. %{zarva}) relating or belonging or sacred to or derived from
S3iva Ka1v. Katha1s. (with %{diz} f. the east VarBr2S.)
shani = Saturn
shanivaara = Saturday
shanaiH = slowly
shantiM = perfect peace

shankaraH = Lord S'iva

shankaa = doubt// saMkA * = f. (prob. connected with {saJj}) contest, strife, fight
shankha = conch shell
shankhaM = conchshell
shankhaH = (m) a conch
shankhaaH = conchshells
shankhaan.h = conchshells
shankhau = conchshells
sha.Nsati = (1 pp) to praise
asaah s'aMkara (with preceding {mahA-rAja}) m. N. of a king and author Cat.
s'ana *= (prob. connected with %{zam}) , quiet , calm , soft (only in instr. pl. %{zanais}
q.v.)
s'anaih V* = gradually, step by step, slowly.
s'anakais* = ind. (dimin. of {zanais}) quietly, softly, gently, by degrees, in every case that
arises, with alternations, alternately RV. &c. &c.

s'anna* = mfn. fallen, decayed, withered &c. ({-mala} mfn. Nir. xi, 8); n. offal (see
{haviSya-z-}).
s'anna* = see zad
s'anaistarAm* = ind. more (or very) quietly, softly &c. AitBr. s'vS'r.
sha.nkara = Shankara
sha.nkaa = fear
s'ak * = zaGk = cl. 1. . (Dhtup. iv, 12) {sa4G kate} (ep. also P.; aor. 2. sg. {azaGkIs},
{azaGkiSTa}, {zaGkiSThAs}, {zaGkithAs} MBh. &c. inf. {zaGkitum} ib.; ind. p.; {zaGkya} ib.; Gr. also pf. {zazaGke} fut. {zaGkitA}, {zaGkiSyate}), to be anxious or
apprehensive, be afraid of (abl.), fear, dread, suspect, distrust (acc.) Br. MBh.; to be in
doubt or un certain about (acc.), hesitate MBh. Kv. &c.; to think probable, assume,
believe, regard is (with two acc.), suppose to be ({zaGke}, `" l think "', I suppose "', `" it
seems to me "') ib.; (in argumentative works) to ponder over or propound a doubt or
objection: Pass. {zaGkyate} (aor. {azaGki}), to be feared or doubted &c.: Caus.
{zaGkayati}, to cause to fear or doubt, render anxious about (loc.) Mlav.
s'akita* = mfn. alarmed, apprehensive, distrustful, suspicious, afraid of (abl. gen., or
comp.), anxious about (loc. or acc. with {prati}) MBh. Kv. &c.; assuming, supposing
Rjat.; feared, apprehended R. S'ntis'.; doubted, doubtful, uncertain Mn. Mriicch. &c.;
weak, unsteady W.
s'akin * =mfn. afraid of. fearing (comp.) MBh. Kv. &c.; timid, suspicious, distrustful
as (comp. e.g. {kAka-s-}, `" distrustful as a crow "') MBh. Kaths.; assuming, supposing,

suspecting, imagining Ragh. Hit.; full of apprehension or danger Pacat.

s'akya* = mfn. to be distrusted or suspected or feared (n. impers.; superl. {-tama})
MBh. Kv. &c.; to be assumed or expected or anticipated Das'. Rjat.
s'akila * = m. (prob. w.r. for {zankhila}; cf. {zaGkha}) a conch-shell suspended on the
ear of an elephant L.
s'akitadrishthi * = mfn. looking afraid or shy Pacat.
s'akitamanas * mfn. fainthearted, timid, apprehensive
shaNNidhana* = n. N. of a Sman rshBr.
shaNNivartanii* = f. a partic. mode of subsistence Baudh. (v.l. {-niv-}).
sha.nsa = praise
sha.nsasi = You are praising
shapati = (1 pp) to curse
s'ap* = 1 (in gram.) a technical term used for the Vikaran2a a (inserted between the
root and terminations of the conjugational tenses in verbs of the Ist class ; see %{vikaraNa}, p. 954).\\ 2 ind. a prefix implying assent or acceptance (as in %{zap-karoti},
he admits or accepts) W. \\ 3 cl. 1. 4. P. A1. (Dha1tup. xxiii, 31 ; xxvi, 59) %{zapati}, %{te} or %{zapyati}, %{-te} (the latter only in Bhat2t2. ; pf. %{zazA4pa}, %{zepe4} aor. %
{azApsIt}, %{azapta} Gr. [2. pl. %{zApta} in TS. prob. w.r. ] ; fut. %{zaptA} ib. ; %

{zapsyati}, %{-te} ib. ; %{zapiSye} MBh. ; inf. %{zaptum} or %{zapitum} ib. ; ind. p. %
{zapitvA} ib. ; %{zaptvA} Gr.), to curse (mostly P. with acc. ; in AV. v, 30, 3 A1. with dat.)
RV. &c. &c. ; (P. A1.) to swear an oath, utter an execration (sometimes with %
{zapatham} or %{-thAn} ; also with %{anRtam}, to swear a false oath) RV. &c. &c. ; (P.
A1.) to revile, scold, blame (acc., rarely dat.) Ya1jn5. Ka1v. Pur. ; (A1. ; m. c. also P.) to
curse one's self (followed by %{yadi}, `" if "', i. e. to promise with an oath, vow or swear,
`" that one will not "' &c. ; or followed by dat. and rarely acc. of the person to whom and
instr. of the object by which one swears ; or followed by %{iti} e.g. %{varuNe7ti}, `" to
swear by the name of Varun2a VS.) RV. &c. &c. ; (A1) to adjure, supplicate, conjure any
one (acc.) by (instr.) R. Hariv.: Caus. %{zApayati} (aor. %{azIzapat}), to adjure, conjure,
exorcise (demons) AV. AitBr. ; to cause any one (acc.) to swear by (instr.) Mn. viii, 113
(cf. %{zApita}): Desid. %{zizapsati}, %{-te} Gr.: Intens. %{zAzapyate}, %{zAzapti}, or %
{zaMzpyate}, %{zaMzapti} ib.
s'apa * =m. a curse, imprecation, oath (= {zapatha}) L.; a corpse (w.r. for {zava} q.v.)
W.; N. of a man g. {azvA7di}.
s'ataghnI * = f. (cf. {-han}, p. 1050) a partic. deadly weapon (used as a missile, supposed
by some to be a sort of fire-arms or rocket, but described by the Comm. on the
Mahbhrata as a stone or cylindrical piece of wood studded with iron spikes) MBh.
Hariv. Kv. &c.; a deadly disease of the throat Sus'r. S'rngS.; Tragia Involucrata L.;
Pongamia Glabra L.; a female scorpion W.; N. of S'iva (m.) MW.; {-pAza-zakti-mat}
mfn. having a S'ata-ghn and a noose and a spear MBh. xiii, 17, 134 (but {zata-ghnI} may
also be, separate).
saMyuga * = n. (in BhP. also m.) union, conjunction MBh.; conflict, battle, war MBh.
Ka1v. &c. (cf. Naigh. ii, 17); %{-goSpada} n. a contest in a cow's footstep (met. `" an

insignificant struggIe "') MBh.; %{-mUrdhan} m. the van or front of battle Ragh.
shara = Arrow
s'ara * = m. (fr. %{zrI} `" to rend "' or `" destroy "') a sort of reed or grass, Saccharum
Sara (used for arrows) RV. &c. &c. ; an arrow, shaft Mun2d2Up. Mn. MBh. &c. ; N. of
the number `" five "' (from the 5 arrows of the god of love) VarBr2S. ; (in astron.) the
versed sine of an arc (accord. to A1ryabh. also `" the whole diameter with subtraction of
the versed sine "') ; a partic. configuration of stars (when all the planets are in the 4tb,
5th, 6th, and 7th houses) VarBr2S. ; the upper part of cream or slightly curdled milk (v.l.
%{sara}), ApSr. Car. ; mischief, injury, hurt, a wound W. ; N. of a son of Ricatka RV. ; of
an Asura Hariv. (v.l. %{zuka}) ; (%{I}) f. Typha Angustifolia L. ; n. water (see %{zaravarSa} and %{-Sin})
sharaNa = Refuge
sharaNaM = resort/surrender
sharaNaarthii = Refugee
sharaNyau = the refuge, people who are worthy of giving asylum, protection to
sharad.h = autumn
sharadaH = (autumnal seasons) years
s'ariira = body (neut) * = n. (once in R. m.; ifc. f. {A}; either fr. {zri} and orig. = `" suport
or supporter "' cf. 2. {zaraNa} and Mn. i, 7; or accord. to others, fr. {zRR}, and orig. = `"

that which is easily destroyed or dissolved "') the body, bodily frame, solid parts of the
body (pl. the bones) RV. &c. &c.; any solid body (opp. to {udaka} &c.) MBh. VarBriS.
Pacat.; one's body i.e. one's own person Mn. xi, 229; bodily strength MW.; a dead body
ib.
s'aariira * =mf({I})n. (fr. {zarIra}) bodily, corporeal, relating or belonging to or being in
or produced from or connected with the body (with {daNDa} m. corporal punishment)
S'Br. &c. &c.; made of bone Sus'r.; n. bodily constitution MBh. VarBriS.; (in med.) the
science of the body and its parts, anatomy Sus'r. Car.; the feces, excrement Mn. xi, 202;
the embodied soul or spirit W.; = {vRSa} (?) L.
shariiraM = body
shariiramaadyaM = body + the beginning
shariirasthaM = situated within the body
shariirasthaH = dwelling in the body
shariiraaNi = bodies
shariiriNaH = of the embodied soul
shariire = in the body
s'aradhi: * = arrow-case, quiver
s'araja * = mfn. born in a clump of reeds Pn. 6-3, 16; m. = {-janman} L.; n. produced

from sour cream "', butter L

s'araNa * = 1 m. (for 2. see p. 1057, col. 1) one of the arrows of Kma-dev Cat.; n. falling
asunder, bursting, falling in Vop.; killing, slaying L.; what slays or injures MW. \\2 mfn.
(fr. {zR} for {zri}; for 1. see p. 1056) protecting, guarding, defending RV. AV.; m. N. of a
serpent-demon MBh.; of a poet Gt. (cf. {-deva}); of a king Buddh.; ({A} and {I}) f. N. of
various plants &c. (prob. w.r. for {saraNA}, {-NI} q.v.); n. (Ifc f. {A}), shelter, place of
shelter or refuge or rest, hut, house, habitation, abode, lair (of an animal), home, asylum
RV. &c. &c.; refuge, protection, refuge with ({zaraNaM} {gam} or {yA} or {i} &c., `" to
go to any one for protection, seek refuge with "' [acc. or gen.]; often ifc.) Mn. MBh. &c.;
water L.; (with {indrasya}) N. of a Sman rshBr.2.
s'araNya * = 1 n. (for 2. see ib.) injury, hurt W.
s'araNi * = 1 f. (for 2. see under 2. {zaraNa}) refractoriness, obstinacy RV. AV. (others `"
hurt, injury, offence "').
sharma = grace
s'arma1 n. = %{zarman} L.
zarman *= n. (prob. fr. %{zri} and connected with 1. %{zaraNa}, %{zarIra}) shelter,
protection, refuge, safety RV. &c. ; &c. ; a house Naigh. iii, 4 ; Joy, bliss, comfort, delight,
happiness (often at the end of names of Bra1hmans, just as %{varman} is added to the
names of Kshatriyas, and %{gupta} to those of Vais3yas) Ya1jn5. MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; N. of
partic. formulas VarYogay. [1058,3] ; identified with %{zarva} (Kaus3.) and with %{vAc}
(AitBr.) ; mfn. happy, prosperous W.

sharkaraa = (f) sugar

s'arva m. (fr. %{zu4ru}) N. of a god who kills people with arrows (mentioned together
with Bhava and other names of Rudra-S3iva) ; N. of the god S3iva (often in the later
language ; esp. in the form Kshitimu1rti ; du. S3arva and S3arva1n2i cf. Va1m. v, 2, 21)
AV. &c. &c. ; of one of the 11 Rudras VP. ; of Vishn2u MW. ; of a son of Dhanusha VP. ; of
a poet Sadukt. ; pl. N. of a people Ma1rkP. (w.r. %{sarva}) ; (%{A}) f. N. of Uma1 BhP.\\
%{zarvaka} &c. see p. 1057, col. 1
s'asta * = 1 mfn. (for 2. see under %{zas}) recited repeated RV.; praised, commended,
approved MBh. Ka1v. &c.; auspicious (cf. %{a4-z-}) AV. Ra1jat.; beautiful R.; happy,
fortunate Katha1s.; n. praise, eulogy RV.; happiness, excellence W.\\ 2 zasta 2 mfn.
(for 1. see p. 1044, col. 1) cut down, slaughtered, killed MBh. iii, 1638.
s'a4stra * = 2 m. (for 1. see p. 1044, col. 1) a sword L.; ({I}) f. see below; n. an instrument
for cutting or wounding, knife, sword, dagger, any weapon (even applied to an arrow
Bhathth.; weapons are said to be of four kinds, {pANi-mukta}, {yantra-mukta},
{muktA7mukta}, and {amukta}) S'Br. &c. &c.; any instrument or tool (see comp.); iron,
steel L.; a razor L.
s'astra * = (see also saastra) 1 n. (for 2. see under {zas}) invocation, praise (applied to
any hymn recited either audibly or inaudibly, as opp. to {stoma}, which is sung, but esp.
the verses recited by the Hotrii and his assistant as an accompaniment to the Grahas at
the Soma libation) VS. Br. S'rS. ChUp.; reciting, recitation S'nkhBr
s'ata* = n. (rarely m.; ifc. f. {I}) a hundred (used with other numerals thus, {ekA7dhikaM
zatam}, or {eka-z-}, a hhundred + one, 101 {viMzaty-adhikaM zatam} or {viMzaM z-}, a

hhundred + twenty, 120; {zate} or {dve zate} or {dvi-zatam} or {zata-dvayam}, 200;

{trINi} {zatAni} or {tri-zatAni} or {zata-trayam}, 300; {SaT-zatam}, 600; or the comp.
becomes an ordinal e.g. {dvi-zata}, the 200th; {dvikaM}, {trikaM zatam} = 2, 3 per cent;
{zatAtpara}, `" beyonda hhundred, exceeding 100 "'; the counted object is added either
in the gen., or in the same case as {zata}, or ibc. e.g. {zatam pitaraH} or, {zatam
pitRRNAm} or {pitR-zatam} a hhundred ancestors "'; sometimes also ifc. see comp.
below; rarely {zatam} is used as an indecl. with an instr. e.g. {zata4M ra4thebhiH}, `"
with a hhundred chariots "' RV. i, 48, 7; rarely occurs a masc. form in pl. e.g. {paJcazatA}, {rathAn} MBh. iv, 1057; and {zata} n. rarely in comp. of the following kind,
{catur-varSa-zatam} or {-tAni}, `" 400 years "') RV. &c. &c.; any very large number (in
comp. as {zata-pattra} &c. below). [Cf. Gk. $ `" one "' hundred; &317439[1048, 3] Lat.
{centum}; Lith. {szmtas}; Got. (twa) {hunda}; Germ. {hund-ert}; Eng. {hund-ed}.]
s'atha* mfn. sour, astringent, acid L.; m. N. of a man g. {gargA7di}; of a son of Vasudeva Hariv. (prob. w.r. for {zaTha}); of a country g. {zaNDikA7di}.
s'ath* = f. (= {saTA}, {jaTA}) an ascetic's clotted hair W.
shasha = rabbit
shashaH = (m) rabbit
shashaanka = moon
shashaankaH = the moon
shashi = moon

shashisuuryayoH = of the moon and the sun

shashii = the moon
shashvachchhaantiM = lasting peace
s'as'amaana *= mfn. (fr. 1. %{zam}) exerting one's self , zealous , toiling , working ,
active (esp. in worship) RV. VS. AV. [1060,3]
s'as'vat *: mf({za4zvatI}, or {-tI4})n. (accord. to some for {sasvat} and corresponding to
Gk. $) &320906[1060, 3] perpetual, continual, endless, incessant, frequent, numerous,
many (esp. applied to the ever-recurring dawns) RV.; all, every RV. AV. TBr.; ({at}) ind.
perpetually, continually, repeatedly, always, ever ({za4zvat purA4}, from immemorial
time; {zazvac-chazvat}, again and again, constantly) RV. &c. &c.; at once, forthwith,
directly (generally preceded or followed by {ha}; {za4zvat-za4zvat}, no sooner-than
forthwith) S'Br. BhP.; it is true, certainly, indeed Br.
s'as'vata4*: mf({I})n. (fr. {zazvat}) eternal, constant, perpetual, all ({zA4zvatIbhyaH
sa4mAbhyaH}, {zAzvatIH samAH}, or {zAzvatam}, for evermore, incessantly, eternally)
VS. &c. &c.; about to happen, future MW.; m. N. of S'iva L.; of Vysa L.; of a son of
S'ruta (and father of Su-dhanvan) VP.; of a poet and various other writers (esp. of a
lexicographer, author of the Aneka7rtha-samuccaya); ({I}) f. the earth L.; n. continuity,
eternity MBh.; heaven, ether W.
s'as'vatika*: mfn. = {zAzvaTa}, eternal, constant, permanent Nir. past. Kd.
shashhTashhTaka = 6th and 8th from each other

shashhTyaa.nsha = A varga. The 60th Harmonic Chart. Used in cases of delineation of

twins
s'astra * = 1 n. (for 2. see under {zas}) invocation, praise (applied to any hymn recited
either audibly or inaudibly, as opp. to {stoma}, which is sung, but esp. the verses recited
by the Hotrii and his assistant as an accompaniment to the Grahas at the Soma libation)
VS. Br. S'rS. ChUp.; reciting, recitation S'nkhBr\\2 m. (for 1. see p. 1044, col. 1) a
sword L.; ({I}) f. see below; n. an instrument for cutting or wounding, knife, sword,
dagger, any weapon (even applied to an arrow Bhathth.; weapons are said to be of four
kinds, {pANi-mukta}, {yantra-mukta}, {muktA7mukta}, and {amukta}) S'Br. &c. &c.;
any instrument or tool (see comp.); iron, steel L.; a razor L.
s'aastra * = n. an order, command, precept, rule RV. Kv. Pur.; teaching, instruction,
direction, advice, good counsel MBh. Kv. &c.; any instrument of teaching, any manual
or compendium of rules, any bock or treatise, (esp.) any religious or scientific treatise,
any sacred book or composition of divine authority (applicable even to the Veda, and said
to be of fourteen or even eighteen kinds [see under {vidyA}]; the word {zAstra} is often
found ifc. after the word denoting the subject of the book, or is applied collectively to
whole departments of knowledge e.g. {vedA7nta-z-}, a work on the Veda7nta philosophy
or the whole body of teaching on that subject; {dharma-z-}, a law-book or whole body of
written laws; {kAvya-z-}, a poetical work or poetry in general; {zilpi-z-}, works on the
mechanical arts; {kAma-z-}, erotic compositions; {alaMkAra z-}, rhetoric, &c.) Nir. Prt.
Mn. MBh. &c.; a body of teaching (in general), scripture, science Kv. Pur.
shastra = weapon
shastraM = weapon

shastrapaaNayaH = those with weapons in hand

shastrapuutaaH = having become holy by (strike of) weapon
shastrabhritaaM = of the carriers of weapons
shastrasampaate = in releasing his arrows
shastraaNi = weapons
s'astra* = 1 n. (for 2. see under {zas}) invocation, praise (applied to any hymn recited
either audibly or inaudibly, as opp. to {stoma}, which is sung, but esp. the verses recited
by the Hotrii and his assistant as an accompaniment to the Grahas at the Soma libation)
VS. Br. S'rS. ChUp.; reciting, recitation S'nkhBr
s'astra* = 2 m. (for 1. see p. 1044, col. 1) a sword L.; ({I}) f. see below; n. an instrument
for cutting or wounding, knife, sword, dagger, any weapon (even applied to an arrow
Bhathth.; weapons are said to be of four kinds, {pANi-mukta}, {yantra-mukta},
{muktA7mukta}, and {amukta}) S'Br. &c. &c.; any instrument or tool (see comp.); iron,
steel L.; a razor L.
s'as'amaana * = mfn. (fr. 1. %{zam}) exerting one's self, zealous, toiling, working, active
(esp. in worship) RV. VS. AV. [1060,3]
s'as'amAtra * = mf(%{I})n. `" having the measure of a hare "', as large as a hare W.
s'as'amuNDarasa m. a kind of fluid medicine made from a hare's head S3a1rn3gS. -1.

s'as'vat * = mf({za4zvatI}, or {-tI4})n. (accord. to some for {sasvat} and corresponding

to Gk. $) &320906[1060, 3] perpetual, continual, endless, incessant, frequent,
numerous, many (esp. applied to the ever-recurring dawns) RV.; all, every RV. AV. TBr.;
({at}) ind. perpetually, continually, repeatedly, always, ever ({za4zvat purA4}, from
immemorial time; {zazvac-chazvat}, again and again, constantly) RV. &c. &c.; at once,
forthwith, directly (generally preceded or followed by {ha}; {za4zvat-za4zvat}, no soonerthan forthwith) S'Br. BhP.; it is true, certainly, indeed Br.
s'atha *= mfn. sour, astringent, acid L.; m. N. of a man g. {gargA7di}; of a son of Vasudeva Hariv. (prob. w.r. for {zaTha}); of a country g. {zaNDikA7di}.
s'athA *=f. (= {saTA}, {jaTA}) an ascetic's clotted hair W.
s'ata *=n. (rarely m.; ifc. f. {I}) a hundred (used with other numerals thus, {ekA7dhikaM
zatam}, or {eka-z-}, a hhundred + one, 101 {viMzaty-adhikaM zatam} or {viMzaM z-}, a
hhundred + twenty, 120; {zate} or {dve zate} or {dvi-zatam} or {zata-dvayam}, 200;
{trINi} {zatAni} or {tri-zatAni} or {zata-trayam}, 300; {SaT-zatam}, 600; or the comp.
becomes an ordinal e.g. {dvi-zata}, the 200th; {dvikaM}, {trikaM zatam} = 2, 3 per cent;
{zatAtpara}, `" beyonda hhundred, exceeding 100 "'; the counted object is added either
in the gen., or in the same case as {zata}, or ibc. e.g. {zatam pitaraH} or, {zatam
pitRRNAm} or {pitR-zatam} a hhundred ancestors "'; sometimes also ifc. see comp.
below; rarely {zatam} is used as an indecl. with an instr. e.g. {zata4M ra4thebhiH}, `"
with a hhundred chariots "' RV. i, 48, 7; rarely occurs a masc. form in pl. e.g. {paJcazatA}, {rathAn} MBh. iv, 1057; and {zata} n. rarely in comp. of the following kind,
{catur-varSa-zatam} or {-tAni}, `" 400 years "') RV. &c. &c.; any very large number (in
comp. as {zata-pattra} &c. below). [Cf. Gk. $ `" one "' hundred; &317439[1048, 3] Lat.
{centum}; Lith. {szmtas}; Got. (twa) {hunda}; Germ. {hund-ert}; Eng. {hund-ed}.]

s'ataavaya *= mfn. comprising or numbering a h. sheep RV.

s'atana *= n. (for %{zAtana}, 2, %{zad}) cutting down, belling DivyA7v.
s'aatha *= m. (fr. {zaT}?) a strip of cloth, a kind of skirt or petticoat, a partic. sort of
garment or gown Vas. Cn.; ({I}) f. see below.
s'aata * = mfn. (fr. {zo}; cf. {zita}) sharpened, whetted, sharp Kaths. Rjat.; thin, feeble,
slender, emaciated Hariv. Kv. VarBriS.; n. the thorn-apple MW. \\2 m. (fr. 2. {zad})
falling out or decaying (of nails, hair &c.) Sus'r. \\3 n. joy, pleasure, happiness L.; mfn.
handsome, bright, happy W. \\4 Vriiddhi form of {zata}, in comp. \\mfn. see 1. {zAta},
p. 1063, col. 3.
s'athha* = * = mf({A})n. false, deceitful, frauduIent, malignant, wicked past. Mn. MBh.
&c.; m. a cheat, rogue (esp. a false husband or lover, who pretends affection for one
female while his heart is fixed on another; one of the four classes into which husbands
are divided) W.; a, fool, blockhead ib.; an idler ib.; a mediator, umpire L.; the thornapple L.; white mustard seed L.; N. of an Asura MBh.; of a son of Vasu-deva Hariv. (v.l.
{gada} and {suta}); ({I}) f. w.r. for {zaTI} Car.; n. saffron L.; Tabernaemontana
Coronaria L.; steel L.; tin L.
s'athhamati * =(VP.) mfn. wicked -minded, malicious.
s'athhatva * =n. (Sh.) roguery, depravity, malice, wickedness ({-tA7caraNa} n. wicked
or roguish conduct MW.)
shaTha = Rogue

shaThaH = deceitful
shata = Hundred
shataM = a hundred
shatakoTi = 100 koti or 1000 millions
shatataarakaa = Twenty-fourth nakshatra, hundred minor stars
shatapadii = (f) centipede
shatashaH = hundreds
shataabhishaka = Twenty-fourth nakshatra (also shatataarakaa)
shatena = hundred
shataiH = by hundreds
shatru = enemy
shatru-bhaava = House of Enemies or 6th
shatruM = the enemy
shatruH = enemy

shatrutve = because of enmity

shatrun.h = enemies
shatruvat.h = as an enemy
shatrau = in (towards)the enemy
shaucha = mental and bodily cleanliness
shauchaM = cleanliness
s'auNDa* = mf({A}, or {I})n. (fr. {zuNDA}) fond of spirituous liquor, addicted to
drinking MBh. MrkP.; drunk, intoxicated L.; (ifc.) passionately fond of or devoted to ({tA} f.) MBh. R. &c.; skilled in, familiar with BhP.; being the pride of Blar. x, 0/1; m. a
cock L.; ({A}) f. spirituous liquor (ifc. perhaps w.r. for {zuNDa}) R.; ({I}) f. long pepper
or Piper Chaba Bhpr.; = {kaTabhI} (a tree) L.; a line of clouds L.
shauryaM = heroism
s'auri * =m. patr. of Vasu-deva MBh. BhP.; of Vishnu-Kriishna (also among the names of
the sun) ib.; of Prajti MrkP.; of Bala-deva MW.; Terminalia Tomentosa L. (v.l.
{sauri}); the planet Saturn (w.r. for {sauri}).
shava = cadaver
shavapetikaa = (f) coffin

shavaasana = the corpse posture

shaya = Sleep *=
s'aya * = mf(%{A})n. (fr. 1. %{zI}) lying, sleeping, resting, abiding (ifc. after adv. or
subst. in loc. case or sense ; see %{adhaH-z-}, %{kuze-z}, %{giri-z-} &c.) ; m. sleep,
sleeping Dha1tup. xxiv, 60 (cf. %{divA-z-}) ; a bed, couch (see %{vIra-z-}) ; a snake
(accord. to some, the boa constrictor) L. ; a lizard, chameleon L. ; the hand (= %{hasta},
also as a measure of length) VarBr2S. Naish. Ka1tyS3r. Sch. ; = %{paNa} L. ; abuse,
imprecation L. (prob. w.r. for %{zapa}) ; pl. N. of a people MBh. ; (%{A4}) f. a place of
rest or repose (cf. %{zayyA}) RV. [Cf. Gk. $-$.] &319454[1055,3]
shayana = a bed
shayanaM = sleep
s'ayana* = mfn. lying down, resting, sleeping Pacar.; n. the act of lying down or
sleeping, rest, repose, sleep MBh. Kv. &c.; (ifc. f. {A}) a bed, couch, sleeping-place (acc.
with {bhaj}, {A-} {ruh}, {saM-viz} &c., to go to bed or to rest "'; with Caus. of {A-ruh}, `"
to take to bed, have sexual intercourse with "' [acc.]; {zayanaM} {zRta} or {-ne sthita}
mfn. gone to bed, being in bed) S'Br. &c. &c [1056, 1]; copulation, sexual intercourse L.;
N. of a Sman L.
s'ayaana* = mfn. lying down, resting, sleeping Mn. MBh. &c.; m. a lizard, chameleon L.
s'aya * = mf({A})n. (fr. 1. {zI}) lying, sleeping, resting, abiding (ifc. after adv. or subst. in
loc. case or sense; see {adhaH-z-}, {kuze-z}, {giri-z-} &c.); m. sleep, sleeping Dhtup.
xxiv, 60 (cf. {divA-z-}); a bed, couch (see {vIra-z-}); a snake (accord. to some, the boa

constrictor) L.; a lizard, chameleon L.; the hand (= {hasta}, also as a measure of length)
VarBriS. Naish. KtyS'r. Sch.; = {paNa} L.; abuse, imprecation L. (prob. w.r. for
{zapa}); pl. N. of a people MBh.; ({A4}) f. a place of rest or repose (cf. {zayyA}) RV. [Cf.
Gk. $-$.] &319454[1055, 3]
shayanaprakoshhThaH = (m) bedroom
shayanaasana = the repose posture
shayyaa = (f) bedshafarii = a very small fish
shekishpira = (m) a play with too many words
sheNishheveta = does not marry
shenota = (n) the great void
sheshha = remaining
s'esha * m. n. (fr. 2. {ziS}) remainder, that which remains or is left, leavings, residue (pl.
`" all the others "'), surplus, balance, the rest ({zeSe} loc. `" for the rest "', `" in all other
cases "'; {zeSe rAtrau}, `" during the rest of the night "'; {mama zeSam asti}, `" there
remains something to happen to me "'); that which has to be supplied (e.g. any word or
words which have been omitted in a sentence; {iti zeSaH}, `" so it was left to be supplied
"', a phrase commonly used by Comm. in supplying any words necessary to elucidate the
text); that which is saved or spared or allowed to escape (nom. with {as}, or {bhU}, `" to
be spared "'; {zeSaM-kR} "', to spare "', `" allow to escape "'; {zeSam avA7p} `" to escape
"') Mn. MBh. R. &c.; remaining (used as an adj. at the end of adj. comp. [f. {A}], cf.

{kathA-z-}, {kRtya-z-}) AitBr. &c. &c.; remaining out of or from, left from (with abl. or
loc. e.g. {prayAtebhyo ye zeSAH}, `" the persons left out of those who had departed "';
but mostly ifc. after a pp. in comp. e.g. {bhukta-zeSa}, `" remaining from a meal "', `"
remnant of food "'; {hata-zeSAH}, `" those left out of the slain "', `" the survivors "' &c.)
Mn. MBh. &c.; end, issue, conclusion, finish, result RV. 77, 15; last, last-mentioned
Rjat.; a supplement, appendix Nir. iii, 13; a keepsake, token of remembrance Das'.;
secondary matter, accident KtyS'r. Sch.; death, destruction W.; m. N. of a celebrated
mythological thousand-headed serpent regarded as the emblem of eternity (whence he is
also called An-anta "', the infinite "'; in the Vishnu-Purna he and the serpents Vsuki
and Takshaka are described as sons of Kadru, but in one place S'esha alone is called king
of the Ngas or snakes inhabiting Ptla, while elsewhere Vsuki also is described as king
of the Nagas and Takshaka of the serpents; the thousand headed S'esha is sometimes
represented as forming the couch and canopy of Vishnu whilst sleeping during the
intervals of creation, sometimes as supporting the seven Ptlas with the seven regions
above them and therefore the entire world [1089, 1]; he is said to have taught astronomy
to Garga; according to some legends he became incarnate in Bala-rma q.v.) MBh.
Hariv. Pur. &c. (RTL. 105; 112; 232 n. r); N. of one of the Praj-patis R. VP.; of a Muni
MW.; (also with {AcArya}, {dIkSita}, {zAstrin} &c.) of various authors (cf. below); of one
of the mythical elephants that support the earth L.; a kind of metre L.; ({A}) f. pl. the
remains of flowers or other offerings made to an idol and afterwards distributed amongst
the worshippers and attendants (sg. `" a garden made of the remains of flowers "') MBh.
R. &c.; ({I}) f. N. of a woman Cat.; n. see above.
s'eshavat* = mfn. left alive, spared MBh.; characterized by an effect or result (sometimes
applied in logic to {a posteriori} reasoning) Nyyas.
setu mfn. (fr. 1. %{si}) binding, who or what binds or fetters RV.; m. a bond, fetter ib.;

a ridge of earth, mound, bank, causeway, dike, dam, bridge, any raised piece of ground
separating fields (serving as a boundary or as a passage during inundations) RV. &c. &c.;
Ra1ma's bridge (see %{setubandha}) BhP.; a landmark, boundary, limit (also fig. = `"
barrier, bounds "') Mn. MBh. &c.; a help to the understanding of a text, an explanatory
commentary (also N. of various commentaries) Cat.; an established institution, fixed rule
MW.; the Pran2ava or sacred syllable Om (which is said to be %{mantrANAM@setuH})
Ka1lP.; Crataeva Roxburghii or Tapia Crataeva (= %{varaNa}, %{varuNa}) L.; N. of a
son of Druhyu and brother of Babhru Hariv.; of a son of Babhru Pur.; of a place MW.
seva*=(either fr. %{sev} or %{siv}) g. %{pacA7di}; n. = 1. %{sevi}, an apple L.
sevA *= f. going or resorting to, visiting, frequenting Ca1n2. Subh.; service, attendance
on (loc. gen., or comp.; %{sevAM-kR}, with gen., `" to be in the service of "') Mn. MBh.
&c.; worship, homage, reverence, devotion to (gen. or comp.) ib.; sexual intercourse with
(comp.) Hit. Subh.; addiction to, indulgence in, practice or employment or frequent
enjoyment of (comp.) Nir. Mn. MBh. &c.
sevana 1 n. (for 2. see col. 2) the act of frequenting or visiting or dwelling in or resorting
to (comp.) Ka1v. Pan5cat. BhP.; waiting upon, attendance, service Mn. MBh. &c.;
honouring, reverence, worship, adoration (also %{A} f.) Ka1v. VarBr2S. &c.; sexual
enjoyment, intercourse with (comp.) Mn. xi, 178; devotion or addiction to, fondness for,
indulgence in, practise or employment of (gen. or comp.) Mn. R. &c\\ 2 n. (for 1. see col.
1) the act of sewing, darning, stitching Sus3r. Vop. A1pS3r. Sch.; a sack L.; (%{I}) f. a
needle L.; a seam L.; a suture or peculiar, seam-like union of parts of the body (seven in
number, viz. five of the cranium, one of the tongue, and one of the glans penis) Br.
Sus3r.; (%{I}) f. a kind of small jasmine L.

shevadhi* = m. (L. also n.) `" treasure-receptacle "', wealth, treasure, jewel RV. &c. &c.;
treasury, an inexhaustible quantity (of good or evil) Sinha7s.; one of the nine treasures of
Kubera MW.; {-pA4} mfn. guarding treasure RV.
shii = to sleep
siva* = or m. one who sews or stitches, a sewer, stitcher L
s'ii4la * = n. (and m. g. {ardharcA7di}; ifc. f. {A}) habit, custom, usage, natural or
acquired way of living or acting, practice, conduct, disposition, tendency, character,
nature (often ifc. = `" habituated "' or `" accustomed "' or `" disposed "' or `" addicted to
"', `" practising "'; cf. {guNa-}, {dAna-}, {puNya-z-} &c.) VS. &c. &c. good disposition or
character, moral conduct, integrity, morality, piety, virtue Mn. MBh. &c.; cf. IW. 208;
(with Buddhists {zIla} "', moral conduct "', is one of the 6 or 10 perfections or Pramits
[q.v.] and is threefold, viz. {sambhAra}, {kuzala-saMgrAha}, {sattvA7rtha-kriyA}
Dharmas. 106); a moral precept (with Buddh. there are 5 fundamental precepts or rules
of moral conduct cf. {paJca-zIla}) MWB. 126; form, shape, beauty W.; m. a large snake
in this sense prob. fr. 1. {zI}) L.; N. of a man Buddh.; of a king Rjat.; ({A}) f. see below.
s'iilaa * = f. N. of the wife of Kaundinya Vs., Introd.; (also {-bhaTTArikA}) N. of a
poetess S'rngP. Cat.
shiigraM = hurry; quickness
shiighraM = immediately
shiita = cold

s'ilpa * = n. (of doubtful derivation) the art of variegating, variegated or diversified

appearance, decoration, ornament, artistic work VS. Br. Hariv. Katha1s. BhP.; any
manual art or craft, any handicraft or mechanical or fine art (64 such arts or crafts,
sometimes called %{bAhya-kalA}, `" external or practical arts "', are enumerated e.g.
carpentering, architecture, jewellery, farriery, acting, dancing, music, medicine, poetry
&c. [cf. IW. 185]; and 64 %{abhyantara-kalA}, `" secret arts "' e.g. kissing, embracing,
and various other arts of coquetry) S3a1n3khBr. Mn. MBh. &c.; skill in any art or craft or
work of art, ingenuity, contrivance MBh. Ka1v. &c.; any act or work (also m.) BhP.;
ceremonial act, ceremony, rite (also m.) MW.; form, shape Naigh. iii, 7 (cf. %{su-zilpa});
a partic. kind of S3astra or hymn (of a highly artificial character, recited on the 6th day
of the Pr2isht2hya Shad2-aha, at the Vis3vajit &c.) Br. S3rS.; a kind of sacrificial ladle
(?) L.; (du. with %{jamad-agneH}) N. of two Sa1mans A1rshBr.; m. N. of a teacher
S3Br.; (%{A}) f. a barber's shop L.; (%{I}) f. a female artisan or mechanic Cat.; (%
{zilpa4}) mfn. variegated VS. TS.
s'ita* = 1 mfn. (for 2. see p. 1071, col. 2) satisfied, regaled RV. viii, 23, 13.
s'ita* = 2 mfn. (for 1. and 4. see under %{zi} and %{zo}) w.r. for %{sita}, `" brightcoloured, white. "'\\3 m. N. of a son of Vis3va1mitra MBh.\\mf(%{A4})n. (fr. %{zyai};
cf. %{zIna}) cold, cool, chilly, frigid (with ind. p. of %{kR} either %{zItaM@kRtya}, or %
{kRtvA} g. %{sA7kSA7di}) RV. &c. &c.; dull, apathetic, sluggish, indolent L.; boiled (= %
{kvathita}; %{zIta} prob. w.r. for %{zRta}) L.; m. Calamus Rotang L.; Cordia Myxa and
Latifolia L.; Azadirachta Indica L.; = %{asana-parNI} and %{parpaTA} L.; camphor L.;
(%{A}) f. spirituous liquor L.; a kind of Du1rva1 grass L.; another kind of grass (= %
{zilpikA}) L.; often w.r. for %{sItA} (q.v.); n. cold, coldness, cold weather L.; cold water
L.; Cassia bark L.\\4 mfn. (for 1. &c. see p. 1069, col. 3) whetted, sharp RV. &c. &c.;
thin, slender, weak, feeble L.\\see p. 1077, col. 3.

s'ithaa* = f. a rope (?) DivyA7v.

shiitaka = (m) refrigerator
shiitala = cool
shiirsha = head
shiirshha = head
s'iila = charactern. (and m. g. %{ardharcA7di}; ifc. f. %{A}) habit, custom, usage,
natural or acquired way of living or acting, practice, conduct, disposition, tendency,
character, nature (often ifc. = `" habituated "' or `" accustomed "' or `" disposed "' or `"
addicted to "', `" practising "'; cf. %{guNa-}, %{dAna-}, %{puNya-z-} &c.) VS. &c. &c.
good disposition or character, moral conduct, integrity, morality, piety, virtue Mn. MBh.
&c.; cf. IW. 208; (with Buddhists %{zIla} "', moral conduct "', is one of the 6 or 10
perfections or Pa1ramita1s [q.v.] and is threefold, viz. %{sambhAra}, %{kuzalasaMgrAha}, %{sattvA7rtha-kriyA} Dharmas. 106); a moral precept (with Buddh. there
are 5 fundamental precepts or rules of moral conduct cf. %{paJca-zIla}) MWB. 126;
form, shape, beauty W.; m. a large snake in this sense prob. fr. 1. %{zI}) L.; N. of a man
Buddh.; of a king Ra1jat.; (%{A}) f. see below.
s'iilaa f. N. of the wife of Kaun2d2inya Va1s., Introd.; (also %{-bhaTTArikA}) N. of a
poetess S3a1rn3gP. Cat.
shiilaM = chastity
s'iilana *= n. repeated practice , constant study (of the S3a1stras &c.) MBh. ; frequent

mentioning Pat. ; wearing , putting on , possessing MW. ; serving , honouring ib.

shiishkaaraH = (m) a whistleshikharam.h = (n) summit, mountain top
s'ilpa* = n. (of doubtful derivation) the art of variegating, variegated or diversified
appearance, decoration, ornament, artistic work VS. Br. Hariv. Kaths. BhP.; any
manual art or craft, any handicraft or mechanical or fine art (64 such arts or crafts,
sometimes called {bAhya-kalA}, `" external or practical arts "', are enumerated e.g.
carpentering, architecture, jewellery, farriery, acting, dancing, music, medicine, poetry
&c. [cf. IW. 185]; and 64 {abhyantara-kalA}, `" secret arts "' e.g. kissing, embracing, and
various other arts of coquetry) S'nkhBr. Mn. MBh. &c.; skill in any art or craft or work
of art, ingenuity, contrivance MBh. Kv. &c.; any act or work (also m.) BhP.; ceremonial
act, ceremony, rite (also m.) MW.; form, shape Naigh. iii, 7 (cf. {su-zilpa}); a partic. kind
of S'astra or hymn (of a highly artificial character, recited on the 6th day of the
Priishthhya Shad-aha, at the Vis'vajit &c.) Br. S'rS.; a kind of sacrificial ladle (?) L.; (du.
with {jamad-agneH}) N. of two Smans rshBr.; m. N. of a teacher S'Br.; ({A}) f. a
barber's shop L.; ({I}) f. a female artisan or mechanic Cat.; ({zilpa4}) mfn. variegated
VS. TS.
s'ilaandhas* = n. ears of corn left on a field BhP.
s'ilaahaarin* = mfn. one who gathers stalks or ears of corn MBh.
s'ila * = 1 m. (L. also n.; for 2. see col. 2) gleaning, gathering stalks or ears of corn
(accord. to Kull. on Mn. x, 112 {zila} = {aneka-dhAnyo7nnayana} i.e. `" gleaning more
than one ear of corn at a time "', opp. to {uJcha} = {ekai9ka-dhAnyA7diguDako7ccayana}) Mn. MBh. &c.; m. N. of a son of Prytra Ragh. \\2 (for 1. see col. 1),

in comp. for {zilA}.

s'ilaa4 * = f. (perhaps connected with 1. {zi}) a stone, rock, crag AV. &c. &c.; red arsenic
Sus'r.; camphor L.; the lower mill-stone L.; the lower timber of a door L.; the top of the
pillar supporting a house L.; a vein, tendon (for {zira} q.v.) L. [1073, 2]; N. of a river R.;
of a woman Cat.
shila = rock
shilaa = (fem) stone
shilpam.h = (n) sculpture, carving
shilpin.h = sculptor
shilpii = (m) sculptor
s'ikha* = m. N. of a serpent-demon (mentioned together with {anu-zikha} q.v.)
PacavBr.; ({A}) f. see below; ({I}) f. a kind of magic DivyA7v.; N. of a river VP.
s'ikhaa* = f. (of doubtful derivation; prob. connected with 1. {zi}, `" to sharpen "') a tuft
or lock of hair on the crown of the head, a crest, topknot, plume S'Br. &c. &c.; a
peacock's crest or comb MBh. Hariv. &c.; a pointed flame, any flame ib.; a ray of light
Kum. Kaths.; a sharp end, point, spike, peak, summit, pinnacle, projection, end or point
(in general) MaitrUp. Kv. VarBriS.; the end or point or border of a garment S'ak.; the
point or tip of the foot L.; the nipple L.; a branch which takes root, any branch L.; a
fibrous root, any root L.; the plant Jussiaea Repens L.; the head or chief or best of a class
L.; the fever or excitement of love L.; a partic. part of a verse or formula (the crest of the

verse compared to a king) RmatUp. [1070, 3]; = {zikha-vRddhi} Gaut.; N. of various

metres Col.; of a river (prob. w.r. for {zikhI}) VP.
shikhi.n = peacock
shikshaNaM = of teaching
shikshate = (1 ap) to learn
shiraH = head
shiras.h = head
shirasaa = with the head
shirastraaNa = (m) helmet
shiriishha = name of a flower
shirovedanaa = (f) headache
shirshha = the head
shirshhaasana = the head-stand posture
shirsangushhThaasana = the deep lunge posture
shishira = frosty season

shishhTatva = wisdom
shishhya = student
shishhyaH = disciple
shishhyam.h = the disciple. the student
shishhyaan.h = desciples
shishhyeNa = disciple
shishhyaiH = disciples
s'is'u *= m. (fr. 1. %{zU} = %{zvi}) a child , infant , the young of any animal (as a calf ,
puppy &c. ; also applied to young plants , and to the recently risen sun ; often ifc.) RV.
&c. &c. ; a boy under eight years of age W. ; a lad under sixteen ib. ; a pupil , scholar ib. ;
N. of Skanda MBh. R. (cf. %{kumAra}) ; of a descendant of An3giras (author of RV. ix ,
112). Anukr. ; of a son of Sa1ran2a VP. ; of a king Buddh. ; mfn. young , infantine L.
s'is'upaala * = m. `" child-protector "'N. of the king of the Cedis inhabiting a country in
central India, probably the same as Bundelkhand (see {cedi}; he was son of Damaghosha, and is also called Suntha; his impiety in opposing the worship of Kriishna is
described in the Sabh-parvan of the Mah-bhrata; when Yudhi-shthira was about to
perform a Rjasya sacrifice, numerous princes attended, and Bhishma proposed that
especial honour should be paid to Kriishna, who was also present, but S'is'u-pla
objected, and after denouncing Kriishna as a contemptible person challenged him to
fight, whereupon Kriishna struck off his head with his discus; the Vishnu-Purna

identifies this impious monarch with the demons Hiranya-kas'ipu and Rvana; his death
forms the subject of Mgha's celebrated poem called S'is'upla-vadha); {-kathA} f. N. of
a tale; {-niSU} S'is'pla-vadha); {-kathA} f. N. of a tale; {-niSUdana} m. destroyer of
S'isu-plaN. of Kriishna L.; {-vadha} m. `" slaying of S'S'isu "'N. of a poem by Mgha
(q.v.) on the above subject; {-vadha-parvan} n. N. of a ch. of the Mah-bhrata (ii, 14181627) on the same subject; {-ziraz-chettR} (Pacar.) and {-han} (W.) m. N. of Kriishna.
shivasutaaya = to the son of `shiva'
s'is'u * = m. (fr. 1. {zU} = {zvi}) a child, infant, the young of any animal (as a calf, puppy
&c.; also applied to young plants, and to the recently risen sun; often ifc.) RV. &c. &c.; a
boy under eight years of age W.; a lad under sixteen ib.; a pupil, scholar ib.; N. of Skanda
MBh. R. (cf. {kumAra}); of a descendant of Angiras (author of RV. ix, 112). Anukr.; of a
son of Srana VP.; of a king Buddh.; mfn. young, infantine L.
s'is'unaaga* = m. a young snake R.; a young elephant MW.; a kind of Rkshasa or demon
ib.; N. of a king of Magadha (pl. his descendants) BhP. VP. (v.l. {-nAka}).
s'iva = the destroyer * mf({A4})n. (according to Un. i, 153, fr. 1. {zI}, `" in whom all
things lie "'; perhaps connected with {zvi} cf. {zavas}, {zizvi}) auspicious, propitious,
gracious, favourable, benign, kind, benevolent, friendly, dear ({a4m} ind. kindly,
tenderly) RV. &c. &c.; happy, fortunate BhP.; m. happiness, welfare (cf. n.) R. v, 56, 36;
liberation, final emancipation L.; `" The Auspicious one "'N. of the disintegrating or
destroying and reproducing deity (who constitutes the third god of the Hind Trimrti or
Triad, the other two being Brahm `" the creator "' and Vishnu `" the preserver "'; in the
Veda the only N. of the destroying deity wss Rudra `" the terrible god "', but in later
times it became usual to give that god the euphemistic N. S'iva `" the auspicious "' [just

as the Furies were called $ `" the gracious ones "'], and to assign him the office of
creation and reproduction as well as dissolution; in fact the preferential worship of S'iva
as developed in the Purnas and Epic poems led to his being identified with the Supreme
Being by his exclusive worshippers [called S'aivas]; in his character of destroyer he is
sometimes called Kla `" black "', and is then also identified with Time "', although his
active destroying function is then oftener assigned to his wife under her name Kl, whose
formidable character makes her a general object of propitiation by sacrifices; as
presiding over reproduction consequent on destruction S'iva's symbol is the Linga [q.v.]
or Phallus, under which form he is worshipped all over India at the present day; again
one of his representations is as Ardha-nr, `" half-female "', the other half being male to
symbolize the unity of the generative principle [RTL. 85]; he has three eyes, one of which
is in his forehead, and which are thought to denote his view of the three divisions of time,
past, present, and future, while a moos crescent, above the central eye, marks the
measure of time by months, a serpent round his neck the measure by years, and a second
necklace of skulls with other serpents about his person, the perpetual revolution of ages,
and the successive extinction and generation of the races of mankind: his hair is thickly
matted together, and gathered above his forehead into a coil; on the top of it he bears the
Ganges, the rush of which in its descent from heaven he intercepted by his head that the
earth might not be crushed by the weight of the falling stream; his throat is dark-blue
from the stain of the deadly poison which would have destroyed the world had it not been
swallowed by him on its production at the churning of the ocean by the gods for the
nectar of immortality; he holds a {tri-zUla}, or three-pronged trident [also called Pinka]
in his hand to denote, as some think, his combination of the three attributes of Creator,
Destroyer, and Regenerator; he also carries a kind of drum, shaped like an hour-glass,
called Damaru: his attendants or servants are called Pramatha [qq.vv.]; they are
regarded as demons or supernatural beings of different kinds, and form various hosts or
troops called Ganas; his wife Durg [otherwise called Kl, Prvat, Um, Gaur, Bhavn

&c.] is the chief object of worship with the S'ktas and Tntrikas, and in this connection
he is fond of dancing [see {tANDava}] and wine-drinking [1074, 2]; he is also worshipped
as a great ascetic and is said to have scorched the god of love (Kma-deva) to ashes by a
glance from his central eye, that deity having attempted to inflame him with passion for
Prvat whilst he was engaged in severe penance; in the exercise of his function of
Universal Destroyer he is fabled to have burnt up the Universe and all the gods, including
Brahm and Vishnu, by a similar scorching glance, and to have rubbed the resulting
ashes upon his body, whence the use of ashes in his worship, while the use of the
Rudra7ksha berries originated, it is said, from the legend that S'iva, on his way to destroy
the three cities, called Tri-pura, let fall some tears of rage which became converted into
these beads: his residence or heaven is Kailsa, one of the loftiest northern peaks of the
Hima7laya; he has strictly no incarnations like those of Vishnu, though Vra-bhadra and
the eight Bhairavas and Khando-b &c. [RTL. 266] are sometimes regarded as forms of
him; he is especially worshipped at Benares and has even more names than Vishnu, one
thousand and eight being specified in the 69th chapter of the S'iva-Purna and in the
17th chapter of the Anus'sana-parvan of the Maha-bhrata, some of the most common
being Mah-deva, S'ambhu, S'ankara, s'a, s'vara, Mahe7s'vara, Hara; his sons are
Gane7s'a and Krttikeya) s'vS'r. MBh. Kv. &c. RTL. 73; a kind of second Siva (with
S'aivas), a person who has attained a partic. stage of perfection or emancipation MBh.
Sarvad.; {ziva-liGga} L.; any god L.; a euphemistic N. of a jackal (generally {zivA} f.
q.v.); sacred writings L.; (in astron.) N. of the sixth month; a post for cows (to which they
are tied or for them to rub against) L.; bdellium L.; the fragrant bark of Feronia
Elephantum L.; Marsilia Dentata L.; a kind of thorn-apple or = {puNDarIka} (the tree)
L.; quicksilver L. (cf. {ziva-bIja}); a partic. auspicious constellation L.; a demon who
inflicts diseases Hariv.; = {zukra} m. {kAla} m. {vasu} m. L.; the swift antelope L.; rum,
spirit distilled from molasses L.; buttermilk L.; a ruby L.; a peg L.; time L.; N. of a son of
Medha7tithi MrkP.; of a son of Idhma-jihva BhP.; of a prince and various authors (also

with {dIkSita}, {bhaTTa}, {paNDita}, {yajvan}, {sUri} &c.) Cat.; of a fraudulent person
Kaths.; (du.) the god S'iva and his wife Kir. v, 40 Pracand. i, 20 (cf. Vm. v, 2, 1); pl. N.
of a class of gods in the third Manvantara Pur.; of a class of Brhmans who have attained
a partic. degree of perfection like that of S'iva MBh.; ({A}) f. S'iva's wife (also {zivI}) see
{zivA} below; ({am}) n. welfare, prosperity, bliss ({Aya}, {e4na} or {e4bhis}, `"
auspiciously, fortunately, happily, luckily "'; {zivAya gamyatAm}, `" a prosperous
journey to you! "') RV. &c. &c.; final emancipation L.; water L.; rock-salt L.; sea-salt L.;
a kind of borax L.; iron L.; myrobolan L.; Tabernaemontana Coronaria L.; sandal L.; N.
of a Purna (= {ziva-purANa} or {zaiva}) Cat.; of the house in which the Pndavas were
to be burnt MrkP.; of a Varsha in Plaksha-dvpa and in Jambu-dvpa Pur.
s'ivaa * =. the energy of S'iva personified as his wife (known as Durg, Prvat &c.) Inscr.
Kv. Kaths. Pur.; final emancipation (= {mukti}) Pur.; a euphemistic N. of a jackal
(generally regarded as an animal of bad omen) GriS. Baudh. MBh. &c. [1076, 1]; N. of
various plants (accord. to L. `" Prosopis Spicigera or Mimosa Suma; Terminalia Chebula
or Citrina, Emblica Offcinalis; Jasminum Auriculatum; turmeric; Drv grass &c. "');
the root of Piper longum L.; a kind of yellow pigment (= {-go-rocanA}) L.; a kind of
metre L.; (in music) a partic. S'ruti Sangt.; N. of the wife of Anila MBh.; of the wife of
Angiras ib.; of a Brhman woman ib.; of the mother of Nemi (the 22nd Arhat of the
present Avasarpini) L.; of the mother of Rudra-bhaththa Cat.; of a river MBh. Hariv. (In
the following comp. not always, distinguishable from {ziva} m. or n.)
shmashru = moustache, beard
s'obha * mfn. (fr. {zubh}) bright, brilliant, handsome W.; m. N. of a man Rjat.; (pl.) of
a class of gods L.; of a class of heretics L.; lustre (in comp. for {zobhA} q.v.)

s'obhA * = f. (ifc. f. {A}) splendour, brilliance, lustre, beauty, grace, loveliness ({kA
zobhA} with loc., `" what beauty is there [in that] "' i.e. `" it has no beauty "'; {zobhAM
na-kR}, `" to look bad or ugly "'; ifc. often = `" splendid "', `" excellent "' e.g. {zauryazobhA}, `" splendid heroism "'; {karma-zobhA}, `" a masterpiece "') TS. &c. &c.;
distinguished merit W.; colour, hue VarBriS. Mudr.; wish, desire L.; a kind of metre Col.;
turmeric L.; the yellow pigment Go-rocan L.
s'obhana * = mf({A} or {I})n. brilliant, splendid, beautiful (at end of comp. = `" beautiful
by reason of "') S'Br. Kaus'. MBh. &c.; excellent, glorious, magnificent, distinguished in
or by (instr. or comp.) MBh. Kv. &c.; (ifc.) superior to, better than BhP. propitious,
auspicious VarBriS. Rjat.; virtuous, moral (see comp.); correct, right Sarvad.; m. N. of
Agni at the S'ung-karman Griihys.; of S'iva MBh.; a burnt offering for auspicious
results W.; the fifth of the astron. Yogas. L.; a planet L.; the eleventh year of Jupiter's
cycle MW.; ({A}) f. a beautiful woman (often in voc.) MBh. Kv. &c.; turmeric L.; the
yellow pigment Go-rocan L.; N. of one of the Mtriis attending on Skanda MBh.; ({am})
n. the act of adorning, causing to look beautiful MW.; an ornament (see {karNa-z-});
anything propitious or auspicious, welfare, prosperity R. Pur.; moral good, virtue ib.
brilliance MW.; a lotus L.; tin L.; (with {kazyapasya}) N. of a Sman rshBr.
shobh.h = to shine, look good
shobhini = person glowing with
shobheta = shine
s'ochati = (1 pp) to grieve

s'ochaniiya = adj. lamentable

s'ochituM = to lament
s'ochya = (participle, fem.)fit to be worried about; worth-concern
s' ocana* =mfn. Pa1n2. 3-2, 150; n. (L.) and (%{A}) f. (Ha1sy.) grief, sorrow.
s' ocaniiya* = mfn. lamentable, deplorable (n. impers. `" it should be lamented "')
Ka1lid. Ra1jat.
s' ocaniiyataa* =f. deplorableness Kum.
s' ocayat* =mf(%{antI})n. (fr. Caus.) causing to burn or causing to grieve; (%
{zoca4yantI}) f. pl. `" inflaming "', `" afflicting "'N. of the Apsarases of the Gandharva
Ka1ma TBr.
s' ocayitri * = m. a causer of grief or pain ib.
shodashaa.nsha = A Varga. The 16th Harmonic Chart. Used for deeper delineation of
Fourth House matters
shodhana = purification
shoDaza *= 1 mf(%{I4})n. (ifc. f. %{A}) the sixteenth, (with %{aMza} or %{bhAga} m. a
16th part Mn. Ma1rkP. ; %{RSabha-SoDazAH} [Gaut.] or %{vRSabha-S-} [Mn. ix, 124]
"', 15 cows and one bull "') Br. Gr2S3rS. &c. ; + 16 ChUp. ; consisting of 16 VS. TS.
Pan5cavBr. &c. ; Pl. incorrectly for %{So-Dazan}, 16 Ra1matUp. ; (%{I}) f. having the

length of the 16th of a man (said of a brick) S3ulbas. ; N. of one of the ten Maha1-vidya1s
(also pl.) Pan5car. Cat. ; one of the 12 forms of Durga1 called Maha1-vidya1 MW. ; n.
1/16 AV. VarBr2S.
3 SoDaza 2 in comp. for %{So4-Dazan} below.
s'oka: sorrow mfn. ( {zuc}) burning, hot AV.; ({zo4ka}) m. (ifc. f. {A}) flame, glow, heat
RV. AV. S'Br.; sorrow, affliction, anguish, pain, trouble, grief for (gen. or comp.) RV. &c.
&c.; Sorrow personified (as a son of Death or of Drona and Abhimati) Pur.; ({I}) f. see
below.
shokaM = lamentation
shokahataM = attacked(hata) by grief(shoka)
shoNita = red (adj); blood (neut)
s'osha* = 1 mfn. (fr. 1. {zuS}) drying up, desiccating (also fig. = `" removing, destroying
"') BhP.; m. the act of drying up, desiccation, dryness MBh. Sus'r.; pulmonary
consumption (also personified as an evil demon) Sus'r. VarBriS. Hcat.; (also w.r. for
{zotha} or {zopha}.)
s'oshasambhava* = m. the root of long pepper L.
s'oshaapahaa* = f. `" removing consumption "', a kind of plant (= {klItanaka}) L.
s'oshaka* = mfn. drying up, absorbing, removing, destroying BhP.
s'oshaNa* = mf({I})n. drying up, draining, parching, withering Nir. MBh. Sus'r.; (ifc.)

removing, destroying BhP.; m. N. of an Agni, Hiriv.; of one of the arrows of Kma-deva

(god of love) Vet. Gt. Sch.; Bignonia Indica L.; n. drying up (intr.), desiccation MaitrUp.
VarBriS.; making dry, draining, suction MBh. Pacat. Sus'r.; dry ginger L.
s'oshaNIya* = mfn. to be dried or sucked up or drained or absorbed VarBriS.
s'oshayitavya* = mfn. to be dried up &c. MW.
shoshhayati = driesshri.ngaara = the sentiment of love
shothaH = (m) swelling
shouchagriham.h = (n) toilet
sphutha *= mfn. open , opened Sus3r. BhP. ; expanded , blossomed , blown MBh.
Uttarar. ; plain , distinct , manifest , evident , clear MBh. VarBr2S. &c. ; (in astron.)
apparent , real , true , correct Su1ryas. ; spread , diffused , extensive , wide , broad Kum.
Bhartr2. S3is3. ; extraordinary , strange Kpr. ; full of , filled with , possessed by (instr. or
comp.) DivyA7v. Lalit. ; white L. ; m. the expanded hood of a serpent L. (also %{A} f.
Pan5cat.) ; N. of a man g. %{azvA7di} ; (%{am}) ind. distinctly , evidently , certainly
Ka1v. Katha1s.
s'raama * = m. a temporary shed (= {maNDapa}) L.; a month L.; time L.; w.r. for
{zrama} R.
s'rama* = m. (ifc. f. {A}) fatigue, weariness, exhaustion RV. &c. &c.; exertion, labour,
toil, exercise, effort either bodily or mental, hard work of any kind (as in performing acts
of bodily mortification, religious exercises and austerity; {zramaM-kR}, `" to work hard

at one's studies "'), pains or trouble bestowed on (loc. or comp.) AV. &c. &c.; military
exercise, drill W. [1096, 2]; N. of a son of pa Hariv.; of a son of Vasu-deva BhP.
s'alva * = m. pl. N. of a people L. (cf. {sa4lva}); a kind of plant L.
s'ataghnii *= f. (cf. %{-han}, p. 1050) a partic. deadly weapon (used as a missile,
supposed by some to be a sort of fire-arms or rocket, but described by the Comm. on the
Maha1bha1rata as a stone or cylindrical piece of wood studded with iron spikes) MBh.
Hariv. Ka1v. &c. ; a deadly disease of the throat Sus3r. S3a1rn3gS. ; Tragia Involucrata
L. ; Pongamia Glabra L. ; a female scorpion W. ; N. of S3iva (m.) MW. ; %{-pAza-zaktimat} mfn. having a S3ata-ghni1 and a noose and a spear MBh. xiii, 17, 134 (but %{zataghnI} may also be, separate).
s'aya =* mf(%{A})n. (fr. 1. %{zI}) lying, sleeping, resting, abiding (ifc. after adv. or subst.
in loc. case or sense; see %{adhaH-z-}, %{kuze-z}, %{giri-z-} &c.); m. sleep, sleeping
Dha1tup. xxiv, 60 (cf. %{divA-z-}); a bed, couch (see %{vIra-z-}); a snake (accord. to
some, the boa constrictor) L.; a lizard, chameleon L.; the hand (= %{hasta}, also as a
measure of length) VarBr2S. Naish. Ka1tyS3r. Sch.; = %{paNa} L.; abuse, imprecation
L. (prob. w.r. for %{zapa}); pl. N. of a people MBh.; (%{A4}) f. a place of rest or repose
(cf. %{zayyA}) RV. [Cf. Gk. $-$.] &319454[1055,3] //2 mfn. (fr. %{zI}) lying, sleeping,
abiding (see %{kaGka-z-}).
shlathayati = (v) to unweave
shlaaghate = (1 ap) to praise
s'lakshNa *= mf(%{A})n. (in Un2. iii, 19 said to be fr. %{zliS}) slippery, smooth,

polished, even, soft, tender, gentle, bland AV. &c. &c. ; small, minute, thin, slim, fine (cf.
comp.) L. ; honest, sincere W. ; (%{am}) ind. softly, gently MBh. R. ; m. N. of a
mountain, Di1vya7v. ; (%{A}) f. N. of a river ib.
s'loka* = m. (prob. connected with 1. {zru} R. i, 2, 33 gives a fanciful derivation fr.
{zoka}, `" sorrow "', the first {zloka} having been composed by Vlmki grieved at seeing
a bird killed) sound, noise (as of the wheels of a carriage or the grinding of stones &c.)
RV.; a call or voice (of the gods) ib.; fame renown, glory, praise, hymn of praise ib. AV.
TS. Br. BhP.; a proverb, maxim MW.; a stanza, (esp.) a partic. kind of common epic
metre (also called Anu-shthubh q.v.; consisting of 4 Pdas or quarter verses of 8
syllables each, or 2 lines of 16 syllables each, each line allowing great liberty except in the
5th, 13th, 14th and 15th syllables which should be unchangeable as in the following
scheme, 8. 1. 8-8., the dots denoting either long or short; but the 6th and 7th syllables
should be long; or if the 6th is short the 7th should be short also) S'Br. KaushUp. MBh.
&c.; N. of a Sman rshBr.
s'mas'aa*= f. (prob. connected with {azman}) the elevated ridge or edge of a trench or
ditch or channel for water or of a vessel RV. x, 105, 1 (but in S'Br. the m. pl. {zmazA4H}
is said to mean those deceased ancestors who consume or eat the oblations [?], and a
comp. {zmazA7nna4} is formed to explain {zmazAna})
s'mas'aana* = n. (accord. to Kir. iii, 5 for {zmazayana} above; but prob. for {azmazayana}) an elevated place for burning dead bodies, crematorium, cemetery or burialplace for the bones of cremated corpses AV. &c. &c.; an oblation to deceased ancestors
(= {pitR-medha} see above) PrGri. KtyS'r. Sch.; = {brahma-randhra}.
s'oka* = mfn. ( %{zuc}) burning, hot AV.; (%{zo4ka}) m. (ifc. f. %{A}) flame, glow, heat

RV. AV. S3Br.; sorrow, affliction, anguish, pain, trouble, grief for (gen. or comp.) RV.
&c. &c.; Sorrow personified (as a son of Death or of Dron2a and Abhimati) Pur.; (%{I})
f. see below
s'raaddha mf(%{I})n. (fr. %{zrad-dhA}) faithful , true , loyal , believing HParis3.
SaddhP. (cf. Pa1n2. 5-2 , 101) ; relating to a S3ra1ddha ceremony Cat. ; n. a ceremony in
honour and for the benefit of dead relatives observed with great strictness at various
fixed periods and on occasions of rejoicing as well as mourning by the surviving relatives
(these ceremonies are performed by the daily offering of water and on stated occasions
by the offering of Pin2d2as or balls of rice and meal [see %{piNDa}] to three paternal
and three maternal forefathers i.e. to father , grandfather , and great grandfather ; it
should be borne in mind that a S3ra1ddha is not a funeral ceremouy [%{antye7STi}] but
a supplement to such a ceremony ; it is an act of reverential homage to a deceased person
performed by relatives , and is moreover supposed to supply the dead with strengthening
nutriment after the performance of the previous funeral ceremonies has endowed them
with ethereal bodies ; indeed until those %{antye7STi} , or `" funeral rites "' have been
performed , and until the succeeding first S3ra1ddha has been celebrated the deceased
relative is a %{pre7ta} or restless , wandering ghost , and has no real body [only a %
{liGga-zarIra} q.v.] ; it is not until the first S3ra1ddha has taken place that he attains a
position among the Pitr2is or Divine Fathers in their blissful abode called Pitr2i-loka ,
and the S3rS3ra1ddha is most desirable and efficacious when performed by a son ; for
a full description of the S3ra1ddha ceremonies see RTL. 276 , 304 &c.) Gr2S3rS. Mn.
MBh. &c. ; gifts or offerings at a S3ra1ddha MW.
s'raamyati = (4 pp) to be tired
s'raava* m. hearing, listening MW.; N. of a son of Yuvans'va (and father of S'rvastaka)

MBh.
s'rama* = m. (ifc. f. %{A}) fatigue, weariness, exhaustion RV. &c. &c.; exertion, labour,
toil, exercise, effort either bodily or mental, hard work of any kind (as in performing acts
of bodily mortification, religious exercises and austerity; %{zramaM-kR}, `" to work
hard at one's studies "'), pains or trouble bestowed on (loc. or comp.) AV. &c. &c.;
military exercise, drill W. [1096,2]; N. of a son of A1pa Hariv.; of a son of Vasu-deva
BhP.
s'raddha mfn. having faith , believing in , trusting , faithful , having confidence Ka1t2h.
TS. ; (%{A}) f. see below ; n. = %{zraddhA} W.
s'raddhaa P. A1. %{-dadhAti} , %{-dhatte} (pr. p. %{zraddadhat} , %{zrad-da4dhAna} ;
Ved. inf. %{zraddhe4} cf. %{zra4t} above) , to have faith or faithfulness , have belief or
confidence , believe , be true or trustful (with %{na} , `" to disbelieve "' &c.) RV. &c. &c. ;
to credit , think anything true (two acc.) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; to believe or have faith in or be
true to (with dat. , and in later language with gen. of thing or person , or with loc. of
thing) RV. &c. &c. ; to expect anything (acc.) from (abl.) MBh. ; to consent , assent to ,
approve , welcome (with acc. ; with %{na} , `" to disapprove "') Katha1s. ; to be desirous
of (acc.) , wish to (inf.) ib. BhP.: Caus. %{-dhApayati} , to make faithful , render trustful ,
inspire confidence RV. x , 151 , 5.\\ f. faith , trust , confidence , trustfulness , faithfulness
, belief in (loc. or comp. ; %{zraddhayA-gam} , `" to believe in "' , with gen. DivyA7v.) ,
trust , confidence , loyalty (Faith or Faithfulnesses is often personified and in RV. x , 151
invoked as a deity ; in TBr. she is the daughter of Praja1-pati , and in S3Br. of the Sun ; in
MBh. she is the daughter of Daksha and wife of Dharma ; in Ma1rkP. she is the mother of
Ka1ma , and in BhP. the daughter of Kardama and wife of An3giras or Manu) RV. &c.
&c. ; wish , desire (%{zraddhayA} ind. `" willingly , gladly "') , longing for (loc. acc. with

%{prati} inf. , or comp.) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; desire of eating , appetite Sus3r. ; the longing
of a pregnant woman Car. ; curiosity (%{zraddhAm@AkhyAhi@nas@tAvat} , `" just
satisfy our curiosity and tell us "') Katha1s. ; purity L. ; respect , reverence W. ; calmness
or composure of mind MW. ; intimacy ib. ; a term for the fem. nouns in %{A} Ka1t. ;
(with %{kAmAyanI}) N. of the authoress of RV. x , 151 (cf. above) ; du. (with %{prajApateH}) N. of two Sa1mans A1rshBr.\\ %{zrad-dadhAna} &c. see P. 1095 , col. 3.
s'raddhayat * = (?) mfn. = {zrad-dadhAna} MundUp.
s'rad-dhayita * = mfn. trustful, believing in (gen.) DivyA7v.
s'raavayitavya * = mfn. (fr. id.) to be caused to be heard, to be communicated VarBr2S.;
to be caused to hear, to be apprized or informed S3ak.
s'raddhA4-vat * = mfn. = {-yukta} Bhag. MrkP.; consenting, assenting Kaths.; ({vatI})
f. N. of a mythical town on mount Meru BhP. Sch.
s'raddhAtR * = mfn. one who has belief or is faithful MW. [1096, 1]
s'raddhApana * = n. (fr. Caus. of {zrad-dhA}) a means of inspiring faith or belief
Jtakam.
s'raddhAlu * = mfn. disposed to believe or trust, faithful, trustful S'ank. BhP.; (ifc.)
vehemently longing for Rjat.; f. a pregnant woman who longs for anything L.
s'raaddha-kara * = and m. one who performs a S'rddha or offers an oblation to the
Pitriis W.

s'raaddha-kRt shrama = (masc) excertion

s'raama m. a temporary shed (= %{maNDapa}) L.; a month L.; time L.; w.r. for %
{zrama} R./ %{zrAmaNaka} &c. see p. 1096, col. 2.
shraDhaavaan.h = believer; man of faith
shraddadhaanaaH = with faith
shraddhaH = faith
shraddhayaa = with faith
shraddhayaanvitaH = accompanied with faith
shraddhayaanvitaaH = with faith
shraddhaa = faith
shraddhaaM = faith
shraddhaavantaH = with faith and devotion
shraddhaavaan.h = a faithful man
s'rama m. (ifc. f. %{A}) fatigue, weariness, exhaustion RV. &c. &c.; exertion, labour,
toil, exercise, effort either bodily or mental, hard work of any kind (as in performing acts
of bodily mortification, religious exercises and austerity; %{zramaM-kR}, `" to work

hard at one's studies "'), pains or trouble bestowed on (loc. or comp.) AV. &c. &c.;
military exercise, drill W. [1096,2]; N. of a son of A1pa Hariv.; of a son of Vasu-deva
BhP.
s'ramaNa*= mf({A} or {I})n. making effort or exertion, toiling, labouring, (esp.)
following a toilsome or menial business W.; base, vile, bad ib.; naked L.; m. one who
performs acts of mortification or austerity, an ascetic, monk, devotee, religious
mendicant S'Br. &c. &c.; a Buddhist monk or mendicant (also applied to Buddha himself
cf. MWB. 23 &c.; also applied to a Jain ascetic now commonly called Yati) MBh. R. &c.;
N. of a serpent-demon Buddh.; ({A} or {I}), a female mendicant or nun L.; a hardworking woman L.; ({A}) f. a handsome woman L.; = {zabarI-bhid}, {mAMsI},
{muNDIrI} L.; n. toil, labour, exertion S'nkhS'r.
s'rava4 * = 1 mfn. (1. {zru}) sounding VS.; m. hearing ({At}, `" from hearsay "', {e}, with
gen., `" within hearing of "') MBh. Hariv.; the ear VarBriS. Kaths.; the hypotenuse of a
triangle Sryas.
shravaH = having heard(old learned man?)
shravaNa = Twenty-second nashaktra
shravana = hear, to hear
shravishhTaa = Twenty-third nakshatra also known as dhanishhThaa
shrayati = (1 pp) to reach
s'reyas* = mfn. (either compar. of {zrI}, or rather accord. to native authorities of {zrI-

mat} or {prazasya}; cf. Gk. $) more splendid or beautiful, &333597[1102, 2] more

excellent or distinguished, superior, preferable, better, better than (with abl. or with {na}
see below) RV. &c. &c.; most excellent, best MBh. iii, 1256; propitious, well disposed to
(gen.) ib. i, 3020; auspicious, fortunate, conducive to welfare or prosperity Kv. Hit.
MrkP.; m. (in astron.) N. of the second Muhrta; of the third month (accord. to a
partic. reckoning); (with Jainas) N. of the 11th Arhat of the present Avasarpin L.;
({zreyasI}) f. N. of various plants (accord. to L. Terminalia Chebula or Citrina; Clypea
Hernandifolia; Scindapsus Officinalis; = {rAsnA}, {ambaSThA} and {priyaGgu}) Car.
Bhpr. &c.; N. of a deity of the Bodhi tree Lalit.; ({as}) n. the better state, the better
fortune or condition (sometimes used when the subject of a sentence would seem to
require the masc. form) AV. TS. Br. Kaus'.; good (as opp. to `" evil "'), welfare, bliss,
fortune, happiness KathhUp. MBh. &c.; the bliss of final emancipation, felicity (see
{zreyaH-parizrAma}, col. 3); ind. better, rather, rather than (used like {varam} [q.v.]
with {na}; e.g. {zreyo mRtaM na jIvitam}, `" better is death and not life "' or `" rather
than life "', or `" death is better than life "') MBh. R. &c.; = {dharma} L.; N. of a Sman
rshBr.
s'reyasa * n. welfare, happiness, bliss (mostly ifc.; cf. {ahaM-}, {niH-}, {zvaH-zr-}).
s'reyAMsa * = m. N. of the 11th Arhat of the present Avasarpin L. V* process of spiritual
well-being
s'reyasi-tarA * = r f. a more excellent woman Pn. 6-2, 45.
s'reyaskara * =({zre4yas-}) mf({I})n. making better or superior VS.; causing or securing
fortune, conducive to happiness or prosperity, salutary, wholesome Mn. MBh. &c. [1102,
3]; {-tara} mfn. more efficacious for securing happiness Mn. xii, 84; 86; {-bhASya} n. N.

of wk.
s're4yas-kAma * =mf({A})n. desirous of welfare or prosperity MBh. BhP.; {-tA} f.
desirous of causing happiness or rendering happy MBh.
s'reyastara* =mfn. very much better MW.
s're4yas-tva* =n. betterness, superiority Mn. x, 66.
s'reyasa * =n. welfare, happiness, bliss (mostly ifc.; cf. {ahaM-}, {niH-}, {zvaH-zr-}).
s'reyasi-tarA * =or f. a more excellent woman Pn. 6-2, 45.
s'reyasItarA * =f. a more excellent woman Pn. 6-2, 45.
shreyaH = good
shreyaan.h = far better
shreshhTha = best
shreshhThaH = a respectable leader
shreshhThau = the best (2 persons)
shrii = Added before a name to show respect
shriiH = wealth

s'ridhyaa * = f. boldness, defiance RV.

shrigaalaH = fox
shrinkhalaa = (f) a chain
shringam.h = (n) horn
s'riimat *= mfn. beautiful , charming , lovely , pleasant , splendid , glorious MBh. Ka1v.
&c. ; possessed of fortune , fortunate , auspicious , wealthy , prosperous , eminent ,
illustrious , venerable (used , like %{zrI} , as a prefix before the names of eminent
persons and celebrated works and sometimes corrupted into %{zrImant}) , of high rank
or dignity (m. `" a great or venerable person "') ChUp. MBh. R. &c. ; decorated with the
insignia of royalty (as a king) VarBr2S. ; abounding in gold (as Meru) Bhartr2. ; m. N. of
Vishn2u L. ; of Kubera L. ; of S3a1kya-mitra Buddh. ; of a son of Nimi MBh. ; of a poet
Cat. ; Ficus Religiosa L. ; another tree (= %{tilaka}) L. ; a parrot L. ; a bull kept for
breeding L. ; (%{atI}) f. N. of one of the Ma1tr2is attendant on Skanda MBh. ; of various
women (esp. of the mother of Ma1dhava7ca1rya) Buddh. Cat. ; %{-kumbha} n. gold L. ;
%{-tama} mfn. (superl.) most prosperous or eminent or illustrious KaushUp. ; %{-tA} f.
prosperity , thriving condition , beauty , splendour Ka1v. [1100,3]
shriNu = just hear
shriNuyaat.h = does hear
shriNuyaama = May we hear
s'riNoti = (5 pp) to listen

s'riNvataH = hearing
s'riNvan.h = hearing
s'rita* = mfn. clinging or attached to, standing or lying or being or fixed or situated in or
on, contained in, connected with (loc. acc., or comp.) RV. &c. &c.; one who has gone or
resorted to (acc.) Rjat. Kaths. BhP.; having attained or fallen or got into any condition
(acc. or comp.; cf. {kaSTa-zr-}) ib.; having assumed (a form) Kaths.; gone to,
approached, had recourse to, sought, occupied (as a place) Kv. Kaths.; taken, chosen
Rjat.; served, honoured, worshipped W.; subservient, subordinate, auxiliary MW.
shritaaH = taking shelter of
shrivatsa = the curl on Vishnu's breast
s'ru* = 1 cl. 5. P. (Dha1tup. xxii, 44) %{zRNo4ti} (Ved. and ep. also A1. %{zRNute}, and
in RV. 3. sg. %{zRNve4}, 2. sg. %{-viSe4}, 3. pl. %{-vire4} [cf. below]; Impv. %{zRNu},
%{-NudhI84} and %{-NuhI84} pl. %{zRNutA84}, %{-Nota} and %{-Notana} RV.; pf. %
{zuzrA4va} [once in R. with pass. sense], %{zuzruve} [2. sg. %{zuzrotha}, 1. pl. %
{zuzruma}, in Up. also %{-mas}; %{zuzravat}, %{zuzrUyA4s} RV., p. %{zuzruva4s}
q.v.]; aor. Ved. %{a4zravam}, %{a4zrot}, 2. sg. %{zro4Si}; Subj. %{zra4vat}, %{vathaH}; [?] %{zruvam} TA1r.; Impv. %{zrudhI84}, %{zro4tu} RV.; %{azrauSIt} Br.
&c.; Subj. %{zroSan} Impv. %{zroSantu} RV. [cf. %{zro4SamANa}]; Prec. %
{zrUyA4sam} AV. &c.; fut. %{zrotA} MBh.; %{zroSyati}, %{-te} Br. &c.; inf. %{zrotum}
MBh. &c.; ind. p. %{zrutvA4} RV. &c.; %{-zru4tya} AV. &c.; %{zrAvam} Gr2S3rS. &c.),
to hear, listen or attend to anything (acc.), give ear to any one (acc. or gen.), hear or learn
anything about (acc.) or from (abl. gen. instr., %{mukhAt} or %{zakAzAt}), or that

anything is (two acc.) RV. &c. &c.; to hear (from a teacher), study, learn S3rS. MBh. &c.;
to be attentive, be obedient, obey MBh. R. &c.: Pass. %{zrUya4te} (ep. also %{-ti}; and in
RV. %{zRNve} &c. [cf. above] with pass. meaning; aor. %{azrAvi}, %{zrAvi}), to be heard
or perceived or learnt about (acc.) or from (gen. abl. or %{mukhAt}; in later language
often 3. sg. %{zrUyate} impers. `" it is heard "', `" one hears or learns or reads in a book
"', = `" it is said "', `" it is written in (with loc.) "'; Impv. %{zrUyatAm}, `" let it be heard
"' = `" listen! "') RV. &c. &c.; to be celebrated or renowned, be known as, pass for, be
called (nom.) RV. [1101,1]; to be heard or learnt (from a teacher) Pan5cat.; to be taught
or stated (in a book) Sarvad.; to be heard i.e. pronounced or employed (as a sound or
word) TPra1t. Sch.: Caus. %{zrAva4yati} (ep. also %{-te}, in RV. also %{zrava4yati}; aor.
%{azuzravi}, %{-vuH} RV.; %{azuzruvat} Br.; %{azizravat} Gr.; Pass. %{zrAvyate} see
below), to cause to be heard or learnt, announce, proclaim, declare RV. &c. &c.; to cause
to hear, inform, instruct, communicate, relate, tell (with acc. of thing, and acc. gen., or
dat. of pers., or with instr. in sense of `" through "') Mn. MBh. &c.: Pass. of Caus. %
{zrAvyate}, to be informed of (acc.) MBh. &c.: Desid. %{zu4zrUSate} (Pa1n2. 1-3, 57; ep.
or m. c. also %{-ti}; Pass. %{zuzrUSyate}), to wish or like to hear (acc.), desire to attend
or listen to (dat.) RV. &c. &c.; to attend upon, serve, obey (acc., rarely gen.) Mn. MBh.
&c.: Caus. of Desid. %{zuzrUSayati}, to wait upon, be at the service of (acc.) Kull. on Mn.
ii, 243: Desid. of Caus. %{zizrAvayiSati} or %{zuzrAvayiSati} Gr.: Intens. %{zozrUyate},
%{zozravIti}, %{zozroti} Gr. [Cf. Gk. $, $ = %{zrudhi4}, $ = %{zruta4} &c.; Lat.
&333159[1101,1] {cluo}, {in-clutus}; Slav. {sluti}; Germ. {laut}; Eng. {loud}.]
s'runa*: see suzruNa
s'riita* = mfn. mixed, mixed with (instr.), cooked RV.
shriigaNeshaaya = to Lord Ganesh

shriidaruupa = resembling lakshmii

shriibudhakaushika = sHrI budhakaushika (the author of this hymn)
shriibhagavaanuvaacha = the Supreme Personality of Godhead said
shriimachchhankarabhagavat.h+charaNaiH = by the Shankaracharya who is known
shriimat.h = honourable prefix
shriimataM = of the prosperous
shriimad.h = respectful prefix
shriimaan.h = the man with `shrI' i.e. the endowed man
shriiraama = Lord Rama
shriiraamaM = shri rAma
shriiraamacha.ndracharaNau = the two feet of rAmachandra
shriiraamacha.ndrapriityarthe = For pleasing the Lord sItArAma
shriiraamacha.ndram.h = rAma
shriiraamaduutaM = the messenger of rAma

shriiraamarakshaa = the protection of Lord Rama

srishTa * = mfn. let go, discharged, thrown &c.; given up, abandoned (in %{a-sR-})
Das3.; brought forth produced, created AV. &c. &c.; provided or filled or covered with
(instr. or comp.) MBh. R.; engrossed by, intent upon (instr.) MBh.; firmly reasolved
upon (loc. or dat.) Gaut.; ornamented, adorned L.; abundant, much, many L.;
ascertained W.; (%{A}) f. a kind of medicinal plant L.; a musical instrument like a stick
which produces a soft sound L.
s'riyaa * = f. (collateral form of 3. {zrI}) prosperity, happiness (personified as the wife of
S'r-dhara i.e. Vishnu) Kv. BhP
srjaami: VB (do I) create, manifest, discover
shriipati = Lakshmi's consort MahAvishhNu's
s'rin'gi * = 1 f. (= %{zRGgI}) a species of fish L.; gold used for ornaments (also %{kanaka}) W.\\2 in comp. for %{zRGgin}.
s'rin'gi * = f. (g. %{gaurA7di}) a sort of Silurus or sheat fish Bhpr.; N. of various plants
(Trapa Bispinosa, Ficus Infectoria or Indica &c.) ib. Sus3r.; a kind of vessel (?) Hcat.; =
%{-kanaka} L.
s'riyaa *= f. (collateral form of 3. %{zrI}) prosperity , happiness (personified as the wife
of S3ri1-dhara i.e. Vishn2u) Ka1v. BhP.
s'roNi * =f. (L. also m.; mostly du.; ifc. f. {I} for {zroNI-} see below) the hip and loins,
buttocks RV. &c. &c. [1103, 1]; the thighs or sides of the Vedi or of any square Baudh.

S'ulbas.; a road, way L. [Cf. Lat. {clunis}; Lith. {szlauni4s}.]

shrotavyasya = toward all that is to be heard
shrotaaram.h = one who hears
shrotraM = ears
shrotraadiini = such as the hearing process
s'ruNoti = (5 pp) to hear
s'runa: hearing * = see susruNa
shruta = knowledge
shrutaM = heard
shrutavaan.h = knowledgeable
shrutasya = all that is already heard
shruti = ear or veda
sthaalii *= f. an earthen dish or pan , cooking-vessel , caldron AV. Br. S3rS. ; a partic.
vessel used in preparing Soma MW. ; the substitution of a cooked offering of rice &c. for
a meat offering at the Ma1n6sa7sht2aki (q.v.) ib. ; Bignonia Suaveolens L.

shthhiv * =or {SThIv} cl. 1. 4. P. (Dhtup. xv, 52; xxvi, 4) {SThIvati} or {SThIvyati} (pf.
{tiSTheva} Br.; {tiSTheva} Gr.; aor. {aSThevIt} ib.; fut. {SthevitA}, {SThevtSyati} ib.; inf.
{SThevitum} ib.; ind. p. {SThevitvA} or {SThUtvA} ib.; {-SThIvya} Mn.), to spit, spit out,
expectorate, spit upon (loc.) Sus'r. VarBriS. Kaths.: Pass. {SThIvyate} (aor. {aSThevi})
Gr.: Caus. {SThevayati} (aor. {aTiSThivat} or {atiSThivat}) ib.; Desid. {TiSTheviSati} or
{tiSTheviSati}; {TuSThyUSati} or {tuSThyUSati}) ib.: Intens. {teSThIvyate} or
{teSThIvyate} ib. [Cf. Gk., $; &336206[1111, 1] Lat. {spuo}: Lith. {spia4uju}; Goth.
{speiwan}; Germ. {spi7wan}, {speien}; Angl. Sax. {spwan}; Eng. {spew}.]
shthhIva * =see {hiraNya-SThIva}.
shthhIvana * =mfn. spitting frequently, sputtering Car.; n. spitting, ejecting saliva,
expectoration, spitting upon (loc.) PrGri. MBh. Sus'r. &c.; n. saliva, spittle Mn. MBh.
&c.
shthhIvin* =mfn. (only ifc.; cf. {suvarNa-}, {hiraNya-STh-}) spitting, ejecting.
s'ruti * = f. an answer Hariv. S'atr.; a promise, assent Vait.; = next S'is'.
s'ru4ti * = 1 f. hearing, listening ({zrutim abhinIya}, `" feigning to hear "'; {zrutiM vaco
'nugAM-kR}, `" to listen to a speech "') S'Br. &c. &c.; the ear, organ or power of hearing
Kv. VarBriS. Kaths.; the diagonal of a tetragon or hypothenuse of a triangle Gol. [1101,
3]; that which is heard or perceived with the ear, sound, noise &c. RV. AV. Prt. Kaths.
BhP.; an aggregate of sounds (whether forming a word or any part of a word) TPrt.;
rumour, report, news, intelligence, hearsay ({zrutau-sthA}, `" to be known by hearsay "')
MBh. Kv. &c.; a saying, saw, word MBh. R. BhP.; that which has been heard or
communicated from the beginning, sacred knowledge orally transmitted by the

Brhmans from generation to generation, the Veda (i.e. sacred eternal sounds or words
as eternally heard by certain holy sages called Riishis, and so differing from {smR4ti} or
what is only remembered and handed down in writing by human authors see Mn. ii, 10; it
is properly only applied to the Mantra and Brhmana portion of the Vedas, although
afterwards extended to the Upanishads and other Vedic works including the nas; {iti
zruteH}, `" because it is so taught in the Veda, according to a {zruti} or Vedic text "'; pl.
`" sacred texts, the Vedas "', also `" rites prescribed by the Vedas "') AitBr. S'rS. Mn.
MBh. &c. IW. 144; (in music) a particular division of the octave, a quarter tone or
interval (twenty-two of these are enumerated, four constituting a major tone, three a
minor, and two a semitone; they are said to be personified as nymphs) Yj. S'is'.
Pacar.; a name, title Kvya7d. ii, 331; learning, scholarship S'ak. VarBriS. (prob. w.r.
for {zruta}); = {buddhi} L.; N. of a daughter of Atri and wife of Kardama VP.
s'ru4ti * = 2 f. (cf. {sruti}) course, path (?) RV. ii, 2, 7; x, 111, 3; the constellation,
S'ravan L.
s'rutiparaayaNaaH = inclined to the process of hearing
s'rutimat.h = having ears
s'rutii = that which hears i.e.ears
s'rutena = (instr.S)thro' hearing, or thro' Veda
s'rutau = have been heard
s'rutvaa = having heard

s'ubha * = mf({A})n. splendid, bright, beautiful, handsome (often f. voc, {zubhe} "', fair
one! "' in addressing a beautiful woman) Mn. MBh. Kv. &c.; pleasant, agreeable,
suitable, fit, capable, useful, good (applied to persons and things) ib.; auspicious,
fortunate, prosperous ib.; good (in moral sense), righteous, virtuous, honest S'vetUp.
Mn. &c.; pure (as an action) Yj. Sch.; eminent, distinguished W.; learned, versed in the
Vedas ib.; m. water L.; the Phenila tree (Sapindus Detergens) L.; a hegoat L. (prob. w.r.
for {stubha}); the 23rd of the astrol Yogas. L.; N. of a man (cf. g. {tikA7di}) Kaths.; of a
son of Dharma BhP.; of an author Cat.; (also {A} f.) a city floating in the sky (cf.
{zaubha} = {vyomacAri-pura}) MW.; ({A}) f. (only L.) light, lustre, splendour, beauty;
desire; Prosopis Spicigera or Mimosa Suma; white Drv grass; = {priyaGgu}; bamboo
manna; a cow; the yellow pigment Gorocan; an assembly of the gods; a kind of metre;
N. of a female friend and companion of the goddess Um; ({am}) n. anything bright or
beautiful &c.; beauty, charm, good fortune, auspiciousness, happiness, bliss, welfare,
prosperity Kaus'. Kv. Kaths.; benefit, service, good or virtuous action Kv. VarBriS.
Kaths.; the wood of Cerasus Puddum L
s'uddha* = mfn. cleansed, cleared, clean, pure, clear, free from (with instr.), bright,
white RV. &c. &c.; cleared, acquitted, free from error, faultless, blameless, right, correct,
accurate, exact, according to rule Ka1v. VarBr2S. Sus3r.; upright (see comp.); pure i.e.
simple, mere, genuine, true, unmixed (opp. to %{mizra}) Mn. MBh. &c.; pure i.e.
unmodified (as a vowel not nasalized) S3a1n3khBr. Pra1t.; complete, entire Ra1jat.;
unqualified, unmitigated (as capital punishment) Mn. ix, 279; (in phil.) veritable,
unequalled (= %{dvitIya-rahita}) MW.; tried, examined Ka1m.; authorised, admitted
W.; whetted, sharp (as an arrow) ib.; m. the bright fortnight (in which the moon
increases) Inscr.; N. of S3iva MBh.; of one of the seven sages under the 14th Manu BhP.;
of a son of Anenas ib.; (with %{bhikSu}) of an author Cat.; of a bird Hariv.; (pl.) of a
partic. class of gods MBh.; (%{A}) f. N. of a daughter of Sin6hahanu Buddh.; (%{am}) n.

anything pure &c.; pure spirit W.; rock-salt L.; black pepper L.
shushka = * dried out (WvW)
shvaH = tomorrow
shvan.h = (m) dog
s'vapada n. a dog's foot (or its mark branded on the body) Mn. ix, 237.
s'vaapada * = (%{zvA4-}) m. n. a beast of prey, wild bbeast RV. &c. &c. ; a tiger L. ; pl.
N. of a people Ma1rkP. (w.r. %{svAp-}) ; mfn. relating or belonging to a wild beast (= %
{zauvApada}) Pa1n2. 7-3, 9 ; %{-rAjan} m. a king of the beasts Ml. ; %{-sevita} mfn.
frequented or infested by wild bbeast MW. ; %{-dA7carita} mfn. overrun or infested by
wwild bbeast MBh. ; %{-dA7nusaraNa} n. the chase after wild bbeast MW.
shvapaake = in the dog-eater (the outcaste)
shvashura = father-in-law
shvashuraan.h = fathers-in-law
shvashuuraaH = fathers-in-law
shvasan.h = breathing
shvasiti = breathe

shvastika = (f) a symbol of hatred

shvaana = Dog
shvaasa = Breath
s'vaasa *= m. hissing , snorting , panting R. Katha1s. BhP. ; respiration , breath (also as
a measure of time = %{prA7Na} , %{asu}) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; breathing or aspiration (in
the pronunciation of consonants) RPra1t. , Introd. ; inspiration Sarvad. ; sighing , a sigh
S3ak. Sa1h. ; affection of the breath , hard breathing , asthma (of which there are five
kinds , viz. %{kSudra} , %{tamaka} , %{chinna} , %{mahat} , and %{Urdhva}) Sus3r. ;
(%{A}) f. N. of the mother of S3vasana (the god of wind) MBh. ; Convolvulus Turpethum
L. ; %{-karma-prakAza} m. N. of wk.
s'vasana *= mfn. blowing , hissing , panting , breathing RV. S3a1n3khBr. VarBr2S. ;
breathing heavily Sus3r. ; m. air , wind (also of the body) or the god of wind MBh. R.
Sus3r. ; N. of a Vasu (son of S3va1sa1) MBh. i , 2583 ; (%{zva4s-}) N. of a serpentdemon Suparn2. ; Vanguieria Spinosa Car. ; (%{am}) n. breathing , respiration , breath
Ka1v. Pur. Sus3r. ; heavy breathing Sus3r. ; clearing the throat ib. ; hissing (of a serpent)
S3is3. ; sighing , a sigh Ratna7v. ; feeling or an object of feeling BhP. (Sch.)
s'vasaana *= mfn. breathing , living , alive BhP.
shvaasaprashvaasa = heaving and sighing
s'vavritti *= f. `" dog-subsistence "', gaining a livelihood by menial service (forbidden to
Bra1hmans) Mn. iv, 4, 6 Ra1jat. BhP. &c. ; mfn. living on ddog, Pra7yas3c. ; a `" lickspittle "' or most contemptible toady Ya1jn5. Sch.

shveta = (adj) white

shvetaketaH = Shvetaketu(maan with white flag?)
shvetaayasaH = (m) steel
shvetaiH = with white
shhaT-pada = one with six legs (insect); here, a bumble bee
shhaD.h = six
shhaN.h = six
shhaNDa = (masc/neut) collection.
shhaNmaasaaH = the six months
shhaNmukha = with six mouths, a name of Kartikeya
shhad.h = to sit
shhashhThaaNi = the six
shhoDasha = 16
shhoDashaH = number sixteen

s'ubha = good, auspicious * =zubha mf({A})n. splendid, bright, beautiful, handsome

(often f. voc, {zubhe} "', fair one! "' in addressing a beautiful woman) Mn. MBh. Kv. &c.;
pleasant, agreeable, suitable, fit, capable, useful, good (applied to persons and things)
ib.; auspicious, fortunate, prosperous ib.; good (in moral sense), righteous, virtuous,
honest S'vetUp. Mn. &c.; pure (as an action) Yj. Sch.; eminent, distinguished W.;
learned, versed in the Vedas ib.; m. water L.; the Phenila tree (Sapindus Detergens) L.; a
hegoat L. (prob. w.r. for {stubha}); the 23rd of the astrol Yogas. L.; N. of a man (cf. g.
{tikA7di}) Kaths.; of a son of Dharma BhP.; of an author Cat.; (also {A} f.) a city
floating in the sky (cf. {zaubha} = {vyomacAri-pura}) MW.; ({A}) f. (only L.) light, lustre,
splendour, beauty; desire; Prosopis Spicigera or Mimosa Suma; white Drv grass; =
{priyaGgu}; bamboo manna; a cow; the yellow pigment Gorocan; an assembly of the
gods; a kind of metre; N. of a female friend and companion of the goddess Um; ({am})
n. anything bright or beautiful &c.; beauty, charm, good fortune, auspiciousness,
happiness, bliss, welfare, prosperity Kaus'. Kv. Kaths.; benefit, service, good or
virtuous action Kv. VarBriS. Kaths.; the wood of Cerasus Puddum L.
shubrataa = whiteness
shubhaM = good, auspicious
shubhagraha = Benefic planet
shubhadi = giver of auspicious
shubhasya = of good things
shubhaan.h = the auspicious

shubhra = clean
s'uca = worry, * = mf({A4})n. = {zuci}, pure RV. x, 26, 6; ({A}) f. grief. sorrow BhP.
shuchi = clean
shuchiH = pure
shuchiinaaM = of the pious
shuchau = in a sanctified
shuNThii = (f) ginger
shuNDaa = (f) elephant's trunk
s'uddha = pure * = mfn. cleansed, cleared, clean, pure, clear, free from (with instr.),
bright, white RV. &c. &c.; cleared, acquitted, free from error, faultless, blameless, right,
correct, accurate, exact, according to rule Ka1v. VarBr2S. Sus3r.; upright (see comp.);
pure i.e. simple, mere, genuine, true, unmixed (opp. to %{mizra}) Mn. MBh. &c.; pure
i.e. unmodified (as a vowel not nasalized) S3a1n3khBr. Pra1t.; complete, entire Ra1jat.;
unqualified, unmitigated (as capital punishment) Mn. ix, 279; (in phil.) veritable,
unequalled (= %{dvitIya-rahita}) MW.; tried, examined Ka1m.; authorised, admitted
W.; whetted, sharp (as an arrow) ib.; m. the bright fortnight (in which the moon
increases) Inscr.; N. of S3iva MBh.; of one of the seven sages under the 14th Manu BhP.;
of a son of Anenas ib.; (with %{bhikSu}) of an author Cat.; of a bird Hariv.; (pl.) of a
partic. class of gods MBh.; (%{A}) f. N. of a daughter of Sin6hahanu Buddh.; (%{am}) n.
anything pure &c.; pure spirit W.; rock-salt L.; black pepper L.

shuddhapaksha = Bright side of the lunar month, also shuklapaksha

shuddhaye = for the purpose of purification
shudra = the caste of servants and labourers
shukaH = (m) parrot
shukaharitaH = dark green colour (literally, parrot green)
shuka = parrot
shuktiH = oyster
s'ukra = The planet Venus. The word means Semen or Sexual Secretions* = mf(%{A4})n.
(fr. 1. %{zuc} cf. %{zukla}) bright, resplendent RV. AV. VS. Br. MBh. ; clear, pure RV.
AV. VS. S3Br. ; light-coloured, white RV. AV. S3a1n3khBr. ; pure, spotless RV. Br. ; m.
N. of Agni or fire R. ; of a month (Jyesht2ha = May-June, personified as the guardian of
Kubera's treasure) MBh. Sus3r. ; the planet Venus or its regent (regarded as the son of
Bhr2igu and preceptor of the Daityas) MBh. R. &c. ; clear or pure Soma RV. ; (with or
scil, %{graha}) a partic. Graha or receptacle for Soma VS. S3Br. ; a partic. astrol. Yoga
L. ; a N. of the Vya1hr2itis (%{bhUr}, %{bhuvaH}, %{svar}) MW. ; a kind of plant (= %
{citraka}) ib. ; N. of a Marutvat Hariv. ; of a son of Vasisht2ha VP. ; of the third Manu
Hariv. ; of one of the seven sages under Manu Bhautya Ma1rkP. ; of a son of Bhava VP. ;
of a son of Havir-dha1na (cf. %{zukla}) VP. ; (with Jainas) of a partic. Kalpa (q.v.) ; n.
brightness, clearness, light RV. Up. MBh. R. ; (also pl.)any clear liquid (as water, Soma
&c.) RV. VS. ; juice, the essence of anything Br. S3rS. (also pl.) ; semen virile, seed of
animals (male and female), sperm RV. &c. &c. ; a morbid affection of the iris (change of

colour &c. accompanied by imperfect vision ; cf. %{zukla}) Sus3r. S3a1rn3gS. ; a good
action L. ; gold, wealth L. ; N. of a Sa1man A1rshBr. ; of a Vedic metre RPra1t.
s'ukravaara = Friday
shukla = light
shuklaH = the white fortnight
s'ulka* = m. n. (ifc. f. {A}) price, value, purchase-money RV.; the prize of a contest
MBh.; toil, tax, duty, customs (esp. money levied at ferries, passes, and roads) Gaut.
past. Mn. &c.; nuptial gift (orig. a price given to parents for the purchase of a bride, but
in later times bestowed on the wife as her own property together with the profits of
household labour, domestic utensils, ornaments &c.), dower, dowry, marriage settlement
Gaut. Vishn. Mn. &c. (cf. IW. 267); wages of prostitution Kaths. MrkP.; w.r. for
{zukra} and {zukla} MBh.
shu.nThaH = roasted?
shunaka = (m) dog
sisRkSA* = f. (fr. Desid. of %{sRj}) wish or purpose to create (with gen. or ifc.) Mn.
Hariv. BhP.
s'uNTa* = n. the hair under the arm-pit Gal.
s'uNTh* = cl. 1. P. {zuNThati}, to limp, be lame Dhtup. ix, 56 (cf. {zuTh}); to dry,
become dry ({zoSaNe}) ib. 60; cl. 10. P. {zuNThayati}, to dry, become dry ({zoSaNe}) ib.

xxxii, 103.
s'uNTha* = mf({A})n. (applied to a bull or cow) TS. MaitrS. Kthh. S'rS. (accord. to Sch.
either `" white coloured "' or `" of small stature or = {AveSTita-karNa}); a kind of grass
Gobh. (v.l.); a piece of flesh or meat L.; ({I}) f. see next.
s'uND* = cl.1. P. {zuNDati}, to break, crush, disturb, vex, torment Dhtup. ix, 40.
s'uNDaka* = m. a military flute or fife L.; a distiller or seller of spirituous liquors L.;
({ikA}) f. the uvula (in the throat) L.; swelling of the uvula ({gala-z-}) Vgbh.
s'uNDAra* = m. the trunk of a young elephant Mcar.; an elephant 60 years old Gal.; a
distiller or seller of spirituous liquor L.
s'uNDAla* = m. `" possessing a proboscis or trunk "', an elephant L.
s'uNDika* = m. or n. (prob.) a tavern, dram-shop Pn. 4-3, 76; m. pl. N. of a people
MBh. (C. {maNDika}); ({ikA}) f. see under {zuNDaka}.
s'uNDin* = m. `" possessing spirituous liquor "', a distiller, preparer or seller of
spirituous liquors (constituting a partic. mixed caste) Cat.; `" having a proboscis "', an
elephant W.
s'uNDI* = f. the swelling or enlargement of any gland (cf. {kaNTha}, and {gala-z-}; the
plant Heliotropium Indicum L.
s'un* = cl. 6. P. {zunati}, to go Dhtup. xxviii, 46.

s'unaH* = in comp. for {zunas}.

s'unaka* = m. a young or small dog, any dog MBh.: xiii, 6070 (cf. Un. ii, 32 Sch.); N. of a
Riishi MBh.; of an ngirasa and disciple of Pathya BhP.; of a king MBh.; of a son of Ruru
ib.; of a son of Riicka R.; of a son of Riita BhP.; of a son of Griitsa-mada Hariv.; of the
slayer of Puram-jaya and father of Pradyota BhP.; = {zaunaka} Cat.; pl. the family or
race of S'unaka S'rS. (cf. {zaunaka}); ({I}) f. a bitch L.
s'unya* = 1 mfn. (fr. {zvan}) g. {gav-Adi}; n. and ({A}) f. a number of dogs or female
dogs L. \\2 mfn. = {zUnya}, empty, void L.; n. a cypher L.
s'uunya* = mf({A}) n. empty, void (with {vAjin} = `" a riderless horse "'; with {rAjya} =
`" a kingless kingdom "'), hollow, barren, desolate, deserted Br. &c. &c. [1085,2]; empty
i.e. vacant (as a look or stare), absent, absentminded, having no certain object or aim,
distracted MBh. Kv. &c.; empty i.e. possessing nothing, wholly destitute MBh. Kaths.;
wholly alone or solitary, having no friends or companions R. BhP.; void of, free from,
destitute of (instr. or comp.), wanting, lacking Kv. Kaths. Pur. Sarvad. non-existent,
absent, missing Kv. Pacat.; vain, idle, unreal, nonsensical R. Rjat. Sarvad.; void of
results, ineffectual ({a-zUnyaM-kR}, `" to effect "', accomplish "') S'ak. Ratna7v.; free
from sensitiveness or sensation (said of the skin), insensible Bhpr.; bare, naked MW.;
guileless, innocent ib.; indifferent ib.; ({A}) f. a hollow reed L.; a barren woman L.;
Cactus Indicus = {malI} (for {nalI}?) L.; n. a void, vacuum, empty or deserted place,
desert ({zUnye}, in a lonely place) MBh. R. &c.; (in phil.)vacuity, nonentity, absolute
non-existence (esp. with Buddhists) IW. 83 n. 3; 105, n.4 MWB.7 n. 1; 142; N. of Brahma
MW.; (in arithm.) nought, a cypher VarBriS. Ganit. (cf. IW. 183); space, heaven,
atmosphere L.; a partic. phenomenon in the sky. L.; an earring (see next). [Cf. Gk. $, $;
$. &328360[1085,2] $.]

s'us'hmi* = m. wind or the god of wind L.

s'us'ruu* = f. (fr. Desid. of 1. %{zru}) `" one who waits on a child "', a mother MBh. xii,
9513 (B.)
s'us'ruushaa * = f. desire or wish to hear Ka1m.; obsequiousness, reverence, obedience,
service (said to be of five kinds (see %{zuzrUSaka}) Mn. MBh. &c.; saying, speaking,
telling L.; %{-para} mfn. diligent or attentive in service Katha1s.
s'us'ruushaka * = mfn. desirous of hearing, attentive, obedient, attending or waiting on
(gen. or comp.) MBh. Ka1v. &c.; m. an attendant, servant (comprehending five
descriptions of persons, viz. a pupil, a religious pupil, a hired servant, an officer, and a
slave) W.
s'ushka* = 1 mf({A})n. dried, dried up, dry, arid, parched, shrivelled, emaciated, shrunk,
withered, sere RV. &c. &c.; useless, fruitless, groundless, vain, unprofitable, empty Mn.
MBh. &c.; mere, simple (see {-gAna}); m. N. of a man (a relative of Sukha-varman; cf.
{zuSkaTa-varman}) Rjat.; n. (and m. g. {ardharcA7di}) anything dry (e.g. dry wood,
dry cow-dung &c.) RV. Vishn.
s'ushka* = 2 Nom. (only mf. {zuSkitum}) to become dry DivyA7v
s'us'ruushaNa* = n. desire of hearing BhP.; obedience, service, dutiful homage to (gen.
dat. loc., or comp.) MBh. R. &c.; (ifc.) attention to, maintenance of (fire) MBh.
s'us'ruushaa* = f. desire or wish to hear Km.; obsequiousness, reverence, obedience,
service (said to be of five kinds (see {zuzrUSaka}) Mn. MBh. &c.; saying, speaking, telling
L.; {-para} mfn. diligent or attentive in service Kaths.

s'us'ruushaka* = mfn. desirous of hearing, attentive, obedient, attending or waiting on

(gen. or comp.) MBh. Kv. &c.; m. an attendant, servant (comprehending five
descriptions of persons, viz. a pupil, a religious pupil, a hired servant, an officer, and a
slave) W.
s'us'ukvani * = mfn. shining, resplendent, brilliant RV.
s'us'ucAna4 * = see {A-zuz-} under {A-zuc}.
s'us'umAra-giri * = m. (perhaps for {ziz-}) N. of a place DivyA7v.
s'us'umAra-girIya * = or mfn. living at S'us'umra-giri ib.
s'us'umAra-girIyaka * = mfn. living at S'us'umra-giri ib.
s'us'ulUka-yAtu * = ({-lU4ka-}) m. a demon in the shape of an owlet RV. vii, 104, 22.
s'us'ukvana4 * = or mfn. shining, resplendent, brilliant RV.
s'us'ulUka * = m. a small owl, owlet Sy. on RV. vii, 104, 22.
s'us'ulU4kA * = f. a partic. bird MaitrS. (Padap. {suSilI4kA}). [1084, 3]
s'ura * = m. a lion L.; w.r. for {zUra}, a hero MBh. i, 3708.
shuura = valiant * = mfn. (prob. fr. 1. {zU} = {zvi} and connected with {zavas}, {zuna},
{zUna}) strong, powerful, valiant, heroic, brave (cf. {-tama} and {-tara}) RV. MBh.; m. a

strong or mighty or valiant man, warrior, champion, hero, one who acts heroically
towards, any one (loc.) or with regard to anything (loc. instr., or comp.; ifc. f. {A}) RV.
&c. &c.; heroism (?, = or w.r. for {zaurya}) Kv.; a lion L.; a tiger or panther L.; a boar
L.; a dog L.; a cock L.; white rice L.; lentil L.; Arthocarpus Locucha L.; Vatica Robusta
L.; N. of a Ydava, the father of Vasu-deva and grandfather of Kriishna MBh.; of a
Sauviraka ib.; of a son of Ilina ib.; of a son of Krtavrya Hariv. Pur.; of a son of
Vidratha ib.; of a son of Deva-midhusha ib.; of a son of Bhajamna Hariv.; of a son of
Vasu-deva BhP.; of a son of Vatsa-pr MrkP.; of a poet Cat.; of various other men
Buddh. Rjat.; w.r. for {sUra} L.; (pl.) N. of a people MBh. Hariv. [Cf. Gk. $ in $.]
&328609[1086, 1]
s'uuraNa * mfn. high-spirited, fiery (said of horses) RV. i, 163, 10 (= {vikrama-zIla}
Sy.); m. (also written {sUraNa}) Amorphophallus Campanulatus (the Telinga potato)
Hcar. Sus'r.; Bignonia Indica L.
shuuraaH = heroes
shuuro = warrior or skilled one
shuurpakarNakaM = having long ears
shushruushaa = service * zuzrUSaNa * n. desire of hearing BhP.; obedience, service,
dutiful homage to (gen. dat. loc., or comp.) MBh. R. &c.; (ifc.) attention to, maintenance
of (fire) MBh.
shushruuSaa * f. desire or wish to hear Km.; obsequiousness, reverence, obedience,
service (said to be of five kinds (see {zuzrUSaka}) Mn. MBh. &c.; saying, speaking, telling

L.; {-para} mfn. diligent or attentive in service Kaths.

shushruu * mfn. desirous of hearing or learning NriisUp. Bhag. &c.; eager to obey,
obedient, attentive, serving, attending on (gen. or comp.) TBr. &c. &c.
shushhke = in the drying up of
siushka *= 1 mf({A})n. dried, dried up, dry, arid, parched, shrivelled, emaciated, shrunk,
withered, sere RV. &c. &c.; useless, fruitless, groundless, vain, unprofitable, empty Mn.
MBh. &c.; mere, simple (see {-gAna}); m. N. of a man (a relative of Sukha-varman; cf.
{zuSkaTa-varman}) Rjat.; n. (and m. g. {ardharcA7di}) anything dry (e.g. dry wood,
dry cow-dung &c.) RV. Vishn.\\2 Nom. (only mf. {zuSkitum}) to become dry DivyA7v.
shushhyati = (4 pp) to dry
shuudraH = lower-class men
shuudrasya = of the shudra
shuudraaNaaM = of the shudras
shuunya = zero
shuunyaM = zero
shuula = triant, trishuula *= m. n. (ifc. f. %{A}) a sharp iron pin or stake, spike, spit (on
which meat is roasted) RV. &c. &c. ; any sharp instrument or pointed dart, lance, pike,
spear (esp. the trident of S3iva) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; a stake for impaling criminals (%

{zUlam@A-ruh}, `" to be fixed on a stake, suffer impalement "' ; with Caus. of %{A-ruh},
`" to fix on a stake, have any one [acc.] impaled "' cf. %{zUlA7dhiropita} &c.) Mn. MBh.
&c. ; any sharp or acute pain (esp. that of colic or gout) Ka1v. VarBr2S. Sus3r. ; pain,
grief, sorrow MBh. Hariv. ; death L. ; a flag, banner L. ; = %{-yoga} (q.v.) VarBr2S. ; (%
{A}) f. a stake (= %{zUla}) L. ; a harlot, prostitute Va1s. ; Krit2t2anim. ; (%{I}) f. a kind
of grass L.
s'vasana *= mfn. blowing, hissing, panting, breathing RV. S3a1n3khBr. VarBr2S. ;
breathing heavily Sus3r. ; m. air, wind (also of the body) or the god of wind MBh. R.
Sus3r. ; N. of a Vasu (son of S3va1sa1) MBh. i, 2583 ; (%{zva4s-}) N. of a serpent-demon
Suparn2. ; Vanguieria Spinosa Car. ; (%{am}) n. breathing, respiration, breath Ka1v.
Pur. Sus3r. ; heavy breathing Sus3r. ; clearing the throat ib. ; hissing (of a serpent)
S3is3. ; sighing, a sigh Ratna7v. ; feeling or an object of feeling BhP. (Sch.)
s'vasaana *= mfn. breathing, living, alive BhP.
shyati = to sharpen
shyaamala = dark
shyaamalaM = the dark-complexioned one
shyaalaaH = brothers-in-law
sid.hdhyasid.hdhyoH = in success and failure
siddha = a prophet or adept, ever-ready, having psychic power

siddhaH = perfect
siddhayaH = great achievements including mystic powers
siddhaye = for perfection
siddhaloka* = m. the world of the Blest BhP
siddhasanghaaH = perfect beings
siddhaa.nsha = A Varga. The 24th Harmonic Chart. Also known as Chaturvi.nsha.nsha.
Used in delineating Spiritual Gifts
siddhaanaaM = of those who have achieved perfection
siddhaanta = thesis
siddhaasana = the adept's posture
siddhaloka* = m. the world of the Blest BhP.
siddhi= success, achievement * = 1 f. driving off, putting aside Yj. \\2 f. (for 1. see p.
1215, col. 1) accomplishment, performance, fulfilment, complete attainment (of any
object), success MBh. Kv. &c.; the hitting of a mark (loc.) Km.; healing (of a disease),
cure by (comp.) Yj.; coming into force, validity ib.; settlement, payment, liquidation
(of a debt) Mn. viii, 47; establishment, substantiation, settlement, demonstration, proof.
indisputable conclusion, result, issue RPrt. Up. Sarvad.; decision, adjudication,
determination (of a lawsuit) W.; solution of a problem ib.; preparation, cooking,

maturing, maturity ib.; readiness W.; prosperity, personal success, fortune, good luck,
advantage Mn. MBh. &c.; supreme felicity, bliss, beatitude, complete sanctification (by
penance &c.), final emancipation, perfection L.; vanishing, making one's self invisible
W.; a magical shoe (supposed to convey the wearer wherever he likes) ib.; the acquisition
of supernatural powers by magical means or the supsupposed faculty so acquired (the
eight usually enumerated are given in the following S'loka, {aNimA} {laghimA prA7ptiH
prAkAmyam mahimA tathA IzitvaM ca vazitvaM ca tathA kAmA7vasAyitA} [1216, 3];
sometimes 26 are added e.g. {dUra-zravaNa}, {sarvajJa-tva}, {agni-stambha} &c.)
Snkhyak. Tattvas. Sarvad.; any unusual skill or faculty or capability (often in comp.)
Pacat. Kaths.; skill in general, dexterity, art Car.; efficacy, efficiency Kv. Pacat.;
understanding, intellect W.; becoming clear or intelligible (as sounds or words) BhP.; (in
rhet.) the pointing out in the same person of various good qualities (not usually united)
Sh.; (prob.) a work of art Rjat. iii, 381; a kind of medicinal root (= {Rddhi} or
{vRddhi}) L.; (in music) a partic. S'ruti Sangt.; a partic. Yoga (either the 16th or 19th)
Col.; Success or Perfection personified MBh. VarBriS.; N. of Durg Kaths.; of a
daughter of Daksha and wife of Dharma Pur.; of the wife of Bhaga and mother of
Mahiman BhP.; of a friend of Danu Kaths.; of one of the wives of Gane7s'a RTL. 215, 2;
N. of S'iva (in this sense m.) MBh.
siddhiM = powers
siddhiH = success
siddhii = a psychic (or occult) power
siddhau = in success

sidh.h = to be accomplished
sidhama.ntro = having got the effect of the mantra
sidhda = accomplished
sidhdaa.rth = (m) pr.n
sidhya.nti = (Vr.Pr.III P.pl.PP)materialise
sidhyati = (4 pp) to reach
s'iilana * = n. repeated practice, constant study (of the S3a1stras &c.) MBh.; frequent
mentioning Pat.; wearing, putting on, possessing MW.; serving, honouring ib.
siikataa = (f) sand
siisa* = n. (of doubtful derivation) lead (also used as money) VS. &c. &c.; the leaden
weight used by weavers VS.; mf({A})n. leaden, of lead VS. LthyS'r.
siitaa = the wife of Rama
sita* = 1 mfn. (for 2. see below; for 3. p. 1214, col. 2) bound, tied, fettered RV. &c. &c.;
joined with, accompanied by (instr.) Prab. Rjat. BhP.
sita* = 2 see 2. {pra4-sita} p. 697, col. 3.
sita* = 3 mf({A})n. (prob. formed fr. {a-sita} as {sura} fr. {asura}; for 1. and 2. {sita} see

p. 1213, col. 1; for 4. see 1. {so}) white, pale, bright, light (said of a day in the light half of
a month and of the waxing moon) MBh. Kv. &c.; candid, pure (see {-karman}); m.
white (the colour) L.; the light half of the month from new to full moon VarBriS.; the
planet Venus or its regent (= {zukra}) ib.; sugar ib.; Bauhinia Candida L.; N. of one of
Skanda's attendants MBh.; ({A}) f. white sugar, refined sugar Sus'r.: Hcat.; moonlight
L.; a handsome woman.; spirituous liquor L.; N. of various plants (a species of Aparjit;
white Kanthakr; white Drv grass; Arabian jasmine &c.) Sus'r.; bamboo juice L.; N.
of the Ganges (in {sitA7sitA}, under {sitA}); one of the 8 Devis (Buddh.) Klac.; ({am})
n. silver L.; sandal L.; a radish L.
siitaa* = f. (less correctly written {zItA}; cf. {sIma4n}, {sIra}) a furrow, the track or line
of a ploughshare (also personified, and apparently once worshipped as a kind of goddess
resembling Pomona; in RV. iv, 57, 6, Sit is invoked as presiding over agriculture or the
fruits of the earth; in VS. xii, 69-72, Sit, the Furrow "' is again personified and
addressed, four furrows being required to be drawn at the ceremony when the above
stanzas are recited; in TBr. she is called {sAvitrI}, and in PrGri. {indra-patnI}, `" the
wife of Indra "'; in epic poetry SSit is the wife of Rmacandra and daughter of Janaka,
king of Mithil, capital of Videha, who was otherwise called Sradhvaja; she was named
Sit because fabled to have sprung from a furrow made by Janaka while ploughing the
ground to prepare it for a sacrifice instituted by him to obtain progeny, whence her
epithet Ayoni-j, `" not womb-born "'; her other common names, Maithil and Vaideh,
are from the place of her birth; according to one legend she was Vedavat q.v., in the
Kriita age; accord. to others she was an incarnation of Lakshmi and of Um; the story of
Rma's bending the bow, which was to be the condition of the gift of Sit, is told in R. i,
67; St's younger sister Urmil was at the same time given to Lakshmana, and two
nieces of Janaka, daughters of his brother king Kusa-dhvaja, to Bharata and S'atrughna)
RV. &c. &c. IW. 335 n. 1; 337 &c.; N. of a form of Dkshyan Cat.; of a poetess Cat.; of a

river MBh. R. &c.; of the eastern branch of the four mythical branches of the heavenly
Ganges (into which it is supposed to divide after falling on mount Meru; this branch is
fabled to flow into the Varsha or Dvpa called Bhadra7va) L.; of an Upanishad Cat.;
spirituous liquor W.
siitaapatiM = siotA's husband
siitaapatiH = the husband or lord of sItA
siitaayaaH = sItA's
siitha = one that belongs to earth
siidati = (1 pp) to sit
siidanti = are quivering
siimaa = limit, boundary
siivyati = to sew
siJNchati = (6 pp) to sprinkle
sikataa = salt
sikta = sprayed
sikthaM = (n) wax

sikthavartikaa = (f) candle

sik* = to scatter about, sprinkle
siida* = see {ku4sIda}, p. 298, col. 1.
siidantIya* = n. (fr. {sIdantas}, the first word of RV. viii, 21, 5) N. of various Smans
rshBr
siik (zik)* = to rain in fine drops, drizzle, sprinkle, wet, moisten; to go, move, to
besprinkle;t o speak, to shine
siMhaH = (m) lion
si.nha = lion
si.nhanaadaM = roaring sound, like that of a lion
si.nhaasana = the lion posture
siMhaasanam.h = (n) throne
sita = Blank
sindhuH = ocean
sisrikshaa * = f. (fr. Desid. of %{sRj}) wish or purpose to create (with gen. or ifc.) Mn.
Hariv. BhP.

sisrikshu * = mfn. wishing to let flow or emit MBh.; wishing or purposing to create Mn.
MBh. &c. [1218,2]
sHrid.h = friend
skaanda* = mfn. relating to Skanda &c. Sarvad.; composed by Skanda-svmin ({bhASya} n. N. of a Commentary); n. (with or scil. {purANa}) N. of the Skanda-purna.
ska.ndhau = shoulders
skanda = a name of Kartikeya, god of war
skanda* = m. anything which jumps or hops (in {tRNa-skanda4}, `" grasshopper "'N. of
a man) RV.; spurting, effusing, effusion, spilling, shedding (cf. {a4} and {ghraNa-sk-});
perishing, destruction Gt.; quick-silver L.; `" Attacker "'N. of Krttikeya (q.v., son of
S'iva or of Agni; he is called god of war as leader of S'iva's hosts against the enemies of
the gods [1256,2]; he is also leader of the demons of illness that attack children [cf. {graha}], also god of burglars and thieves; cf. {-putra} and IW. 427 n. 1) MaitrS. MBh.
&c.; N. of S'iva MBh.; a king prince L.; a clever or learned man (cf. {skandha}) L.; the
body L.; the {jA7di} (pl. Sanskrak.)
skandaH = Kartikeya
skandhaH = (m) shoulder
skhalanashiila = adj. liable to lapse
sma = an indeclinable that changes the sentence to past tense from present tense * =

{smA}, (or {Sma}, {SmA}) ind. a particle perhaps originally equivalent to `" ever "', `"
always "'; and later to `" indeed "', `" certainly "', `" verily "', `" surely "' (it is often used
pleonastically, and in earlier language generally follows a similar particle [esp. {ha},
{na}], or relative, or prep. or verb, while in later language it frequently follows {iti}, {na}
and {nA4} [cf. 1. {mA4}]; it is also joined with a pres. tense or pres. participle to give
them a past sense [e.g. {pravizanti sma}, `" they entered "']; this use of {sma} is also
found in the Brhmanas and is extended to {veda} and {Aha} cf. Vm. v, 2, 46) RV. &c.
&c.
smaara * = m. remembrance, recollection of (comp.) Tr.; (fr. {smara}) relating or
belonging to the god of love Naish.
smaashana *= graveyard
smara * mf({A}) n. remembering, recollecting (see {jAti-smara}); m. (ifc. f. {A})
memory, remembrance, recollection ChUp. Uttarar.; loving recollection love, (esp.)
sexual love AV. &c. &c.; Kma-deva (god of love) Klid. Kaths. &c.; an interpreter or
explainer of the Veda (and `" the god of love "') Naish.; the 7th astrol. mansion VarBriS.
smaradas'aa *= f. state of the body produced by love (ten states are named: joy of the
eyes, pensive reflection, desire, sleeplessness, emaciation, indifference to external
objects, abandonment of shame, infatuation, fainting away, death) Megh.
smarati = (1 pp) to remember, recollect
smaran.h = thinking of
smaraami = remember

smaret.h = remembers, recalls

smaya* = m. (ifc. f. {A}) smiling at anything, wonder, surprise, astonishment MBh.
Bhartri. (v.l.); arrogance, conceit, pride in or at (comp.) Ragh. Das'. BhP.; Pride
(personified as the son of Dharma and Pushthi), Bhp.
smayate = (1 ap) to smile
smera * = mild smiles
smita * = mfn. smiled, smiling MBh. R. &c.; expanded, blown, blossomed S'is'. Pacat.;
n. a smile, gentle laugh ({-taM-kR}, `" to smile "') MBh. Kv. &c.
smrita = remembered
smritaM = is considered
smritaH = is considered
smritaa = when remembered
smriti = of memory
smritiH = memory
smritibhra.nshaat.h = after bewilderment of memory

smritii = memory
snaatakottara = post graduate
snaati = to bathe
snaana = bath, ablution
snaana-shiila = (metaphorically) pure
snaanagriham.h = (n) bathroom
snaayu = sinew
snaayuvitananaM = sprain
snigdha = affectionate; also oily, greasy * = mfn. sticky, viscous or viscid, glutinous,
unctuous, slippery, smooth MBh. Ka1v. Sus3r. &c.; glossy, resplendent Ka1lid.; oily,
greasy, fat Sus3r. Subh.; treated or cured with oily substances Car.; adhesive, attached,
affectionate, tender, friendly, attached to or fond of (loc.) Mn. MBh. &c.; soft, mild,
bland, gentle (%{am} ind.) MBh. Ka1v. &c.; lovely, agreeable, charming Ka1lid. Uttarar.;
thick, dense (as shade) Megh.; m. a friend L.; Pinus Longifolia L.; the red castor-oil plant
L.; (scil. %{gaNDUSa}) a partic. mode of rinsing the mouth MW.; (%{A}) f. marrow (= %
{medA}) L.; a partic. root similar to ginger L.; (%{am}) n. viscidity, thickness,
coarseness W.; bees'-wax L.; civet L.; light, lustre W.
snigdhaaH = fatty

snushhaa = (f) daughter-in-law

sneha = love * = m. (or n. g. {ardharcA7di}; ifc. f. {A}) oiliness, unctuousness, fattiness,
greasiness, lubricity, viscidity (also as one of the 24 Gunas of the Vais'eshika branch of
the Nyya phil.) Sus'r. Yj. Tarkas. Sarvad. (IW. 69); oil, grease, fat, any oleaginous
substance, an unguent S'nkhBr. &c. &c.; smoothness, glossiness VarBriS.; blandness,
tenderness, love, attachment to, fondness or affection for (loc. gen., or comp.), friendship
with ({saha}) MaitrUp. MBh. Kv. &c.; moisture MW.; a fluid of the body ib.; (pl.) N. of
the Vais'yas in Kus'a-dvpa VP.
snehaH = friendship (oil)
s'oshasambhava* = m. the root of long pepper L.
s'oshaapahaa* = f. `" removing consumption "', a kind of plant (= {klItanaka}) L.
s'oshaka* = mfn. drying up, absorbing, removing, destroying BhP.
s'oshaNa* = mf({I})n. drying up, draining, parching, withering Nir. MBh. Sus'r.; (ifc.)
removing, destroying BhP.; m. N. of an Agni, Hiriv.; of one of the arrows of Kma-deva
(god of love) Vet. Gt. Sch.; Bignonia Indica L.; n. drying up (intr.), desiccation MaitrUp.
VarBriS.; making dry, draining, suction MBh. Pacat. Sus'r.; dry ginger L.
s'oshaNiiya* = mfn. to be dried or sucked up or drained or absorbed VarBriS.
s'oshayitavya* = mfn. to be dried up &c. MW.
s'oshayitR* = m. one who dries up or parches Sy.

s'osha* = &c. see 1. {zoSa}, p. 1092, col. 2.

s'osha* = see 2. {zoSa}, p. 1092, col. 2.
s'osha* =1 mfn. (fr. 1. {zuS}) drying up, desiccating (also fig. = `" removing, destroying
"') BhP.; m. the act of drying up, desiccation, dryness MBh. Sus'r.; pulmonary
consumption (also personified as an evil demon) Sus'r. VarBriS. Hcat.; (also w.r. for
{zotha} or {zopha}.)
s'osh4a* =2 m. (fr. {zU} = {zvi}; cf. {zUSa}) breath, vital energy VS. (Mahdh
soDhuM = to tolerate
sopaanam.h = (n) staircase, steps
soma = The Moon *= 1 m. (fr. 3. %{su}) juice, extract, (esp.) the juice of the Soma plant,
(also) the Soma plant itself (said to be the climbing plant Sarcostema Viminalis or
Asclepias Acida, the stalks [%{aMzu}] of which were pressed between stones [%{adri}]
by the priests, then sprinkled with water, and purified in a strainer [%{pavitra}] ; whence
the acid juice trinkled into jars [%{kalaza}] or larger vessels [%{droNa}] ; after which it
was mixed with clarified butter, flour &c., made to ferment, and then offered in libations
to the gods [in this respect corresponding with the ritual of the Iranian Avesta] or was
drunk by the Bra1hmans, by both of whom its exhilarating effect was supposed to be
prized ; it was collected by moonlight on certain mountains [in RV. x, 34, 1, the mountain
Mu1ja-vat is mentioned] ; it is sometimes described as having been brought from the sky
by a falcon [%{zyena}] and guarded by the Gandharvas ; it is personified as one of the
most important of Vedic gods, to whose praise all the 114 hymns of the 9th book of the

RV. besides 6 in other books and the whole SV. are dedicated ; in post-Vedic mythology
and even in a few of the latest hymns of the RV. [although not in the whole of the 9th
book] as well as sometimes in the AV. and in the Br., Soma is identified with the moon
[as the receptacle of the other beverage of the gods called Amr2ita, or as the lord of
plants cf. %{indu}, %{oSadi-pati}] and with the god of the moon, as well as with Vishn2u,
S3iva, Yama, and Kubera ; he is called %{rAjan}, and appears among the 8 Vasus and
the 8 Loka-pa1las [Mn. v, 96], and is the reputed author of RV. x, 124, 1, 5-9, of a
lawbook &c. ; cf. below) RV. &c. &c. ; the moon or moon-god (see above) ; a Soma
sacrifice AitA1r. ; a day destined for extracting the Soma-juice A1s3vS3r. ; Monday (= %
{soma-vAra}) Inscr. ; nectar L. ; camphor L. ; air, wind L. ; water L. ; a drug of supposed
magical properties W. ; a partic. mountain or mountainous range (accord. to some the
mountains of the moon) ib. ; a partic. class of Pitr2is (prob. for %{soma-pA}) ib. ; N. of
various authors (also with %{paNDita}, %{bhaTTa}, %{zarman} &c. ; cf. above) Cat. ; =
%{somacandra}, or %{some7ndu} HParis3. ; N. of a monkey-chief L. ; (%{A}) f. the
Soma plant L. ; N. of an Apsaras MBh. ; of a river Ma1rkP. ; of a queen Inscr. ; (%{I}) f.
g. %{gaurA7di} ; (%{am}) n. rice-water, rice-gruel L. ; heaven, sky, ether L. ; mfn.
relating to Soma (prob. w.r. for %{sauma}) Ka1t2h.
\\ 2 mfn. (prob.) together with Uma1, IndSt.
somaH = the moon
somapaaH = drinkers of soma juice
somavaara = Monday
spandate = (1 ap) to throb

spardha* = mfn. emulous, envious ({-tA} f.) W.; ({A}) f. see below.
spardhaa* = f. emulation, rivalry, envy, competition for or with (instr. with and without
{saha} gen. loc., or comp.; {-dhayA}, `" in rivalry or emulation "') MBh. R. &c.; desire
for (comp.) Bhartri. (v.l.)
sparshanaM = touch
sparshaan.h = sense objects, such as sound
spashtha = Longitude of planet or house (bhaava)
sphathika * = m. crystal, quartz S'vetUp. Yj. MBh. &c.; ({A}) f. alum (accord. to some
also {-kI}) L.; camphor L.
sphaathika * =mf({A} or {I})n. made of crystal, crystal-line MBh. Kv. &c.; n. crystal
MBh. R..; a kind of sandal s'vGri. Paris'.
sphaathIka * =m. = {sphaTika}, crystal, quartz L.
spridh* = f. contest, competition, battle, fight RV.; a rival, adversary ib.; m. a rival,
enemy BhP.; mfn. emulous, vying with (comp.) ib.; desirous of ib.
sprihaa = aspiration
sprihaNiyaruupaM = desirable form (personal appearance)
sphiita = (adj) prosperous

sprihaa *= f. (ifc. f. %{A}) eager desire, desire, covetousness, envy, longing for, pleasure
or delight in (dat., gen. loc., or comp. ; acc. with %{kR} or %{bandh}, `" to long for, be
desirous of [loc. or comp.] "' ; with %{kR}, `" to envy any one [loc.] "') MBh. R. &c. ; a
kind of plant (v.l. %{spRzA}) L.
spris' = to touch
spris'a * = mfn. touching, reaching to (in {sarvadvAra-sp-}) MBh.; m. touch, contact (in
{duH-sp-} q.v.); ({A}) f. a kind of plant ( = {bhujaMga-ghAtinI}) L.; ({I}) f. the prickly
nightshade, Solanum Jacquini L.
spris'ati = (6 pp) to touch
spris'an.h = touching
spris'tha= * mfn. touched, felt with the hand handled AV. &c. &c.; affected or afflicted or
possessed by (instr. or comp.) MBh. Kv. &c.; defiled (cf. comp.); (in gram.) formed by
complete contact of the organs of utterance (applied to all consonants except semivowels
[called {ISat-spRSTa}, `" formed by slight contact "'] and except sibilants and {h}, which
are called {ardha-spRSTa}, `" formed by half-contact "') Prt. Siksh.
spris'thi * = f. touch, touching, contact S'Br.
sphuTatara = (adj) crystal clear
sphura* = mfn. id. Pacat.; m. quiver, throb &c. (in {sa-sphura}, `" throbbing "' i.e. `"
living "') Bhathth.; = (and v.l. for) {sphara}, a shield L.

sphuraNa* = mfn. glittering, sparkling VarBriS.; n. the act of trembling, throbbing,

vibration, pulsation (also {A} f.) Dhtup. L.; quivering or throbbing of parts of the body
(as indicating good or bad luck) MW.; springing or breaking forth, starting into view,
expansion, manifestation Sh. BhP. Sarvad.; flashing, coruscation, twinkling, glittering
Megh. Mlatm.
sphurat* = mfn. (pr. p. P.) trembling, shaking &c. (see root and cf. comp.)
sphurati = (6 pp) to throb
sphurad* = in comp. for {sphurat}.
sphuran* = in comp. for {sphurat}.
sphurita = shining* = mfn. quivering, throbbing, trembling, palpitating, flashing &c.
Kv. VarBriS. Pacat.; struggling Vs.; glittered, flashed (n. impers. `" it has been
flashed by "') Hariv. Klid. BhP.; broken forth, burst into view, suddenly arisen or
appeared Kaths. Sarvad.; plainly displayed or exhibited S'is'.; swelled, swollen W.;
({am}) n. a tremulous or convulsive motion, quiver, throb, twitch, tremor, convulsion
Klid. Bhartri.; agitation or emotion of mind MW.; flash, gleam, glittering, radiance,
shren MBh. Kaths.; sudden appearance, coming into being Rjat.
sphuurta* = mfn. (accord. to some) throbbed, throbbing MW.; suddenly risen into
remembrance ib.
sphuurti* = f. quivering, throbbing, throb, palpitation, tremor, vibration Bhpr.; breaking
forth visibly, sudden appearance or display, manifestation Kv. Rjat.; bragging,
boasting Pacad.

sphuurj* = cl. 1. P. (Dhtup. vii, 61) {sphUrjati} (only in pres.; Gr. also pf. {pusphUrja}
fut. {sphUrjitA} &c.), to rumble, roar, thunder, crash Kv. Kaths.; to burst forth, be
displayed, appear ib. Rjat. Sh.: Caus. {sphUrja4yati} (aor. {apusphUrjat}), to crash,
crackle AV. AitBr.: Desid. {pusphUrjiSati} Gr.: Intens. {posphUrjyate}, {posphUrkti} ib.
[Cf. Gk. $.] &383822[1271,2]
sphuurja* = m. the crashing sound of thunder, thunder-clap W.; Indra's thunderbolt ib.;
sudden outbreak (cf. {narma-sph-}); N. of a Rkshasa, BhgP.; a kind of plant (=
{sphUrjaka}) L.
sphur* = 1 (cf. {sphar}) cl. 6. P. (Dhtup. xxviii, 95) {sphura4ti} (m. c. also {-te}; p.
{sphurat} and {sphuramANa} [qq.vv.]; only in pres. base, but see {apa-sphur}; Gr. also
pf. {pusphora}, {pusphure}; fut. {sphuritA}, {sphuriSyati}; aor. {asphorIt}; Prec.
{sphUryAt}; inf. {sphuritum}), to spurn RV. AV.; to dart, bound, rebound, spring RV.
MBh. Kv.; to tremble, throb, quiver, palpitate, twitch (as the nerves of the arm S'ak.),
struggle Kaus'. MBh. &c.; to flash, glitter, gleam, glisten, twinkle, sparkle MaitrUp. R.
&c.; to shine, be brilliant or distinguished Rjat. Kaths. MrkP.; to break forth, burst
out plainly or visibly, start into view, be evident or manifest, become displayed or
expanded NriisUp. MBh. &c.; to hurt, destroy Naigh. ii, 19: Caus. {sphorayati} (aor.
{apusphurat} or {apuspharat}), to stretch, draw or bend (a bow) Bhathth. [1271,1]; to
adduce an argument S'ank. Sch.; to cause to shine, eulogize, praise excessively Pacad.;
{sphurayati}, to fill with (inser.) Lalit.: Desid. {pusphuriSati} Gr.: Intens. {posphuryate},
{posphorti}. [Cf. Gk. $; Lat. {sperno}; Lith. &383704[1271,1] {spi4rti}; Germ. {sporo},
{spor}, {Sporn}; Eng. {spur}, {spurn}.]
sphur* = 2 (ifc.) quivering, trembling, throbbing S'is'. ii, 14.

sraak *=quickly, speedily, instantly

sraja *: a garland MBh. Hariv.; m. N. of one of the Vis've Devh MBh
sraavaNa* = mfn. causing to flow, shedding ({rudhira-srAvaNaM-kR}, `" to shed any
one's blood "') KtyS'r. Sus'r. Kull.
s'ramaNa *= mf(%{A} or %{I})n. making effort or exertion, toiling, labouring, (esp.)
following a toilsome or menial business W.; base, vile, bad ib.; naked L.; m. one who
performs acts of mortification or austerity, an ascetic, monk, devotee, religious
mendicant S3Br. &c. &c.; a Buddhist monk or mendicant (also applied to Buddha
himself cf. MWB. 23 &c.; also applied to a Jain ascetic now commonly called Yati) MBh.
R. &c.; N. of a serpent-demon Buddh.; (%{A} or %{I}), a female mendicant or nun L.; a
hard-working woman L.; (%{A}) f. a handsome woman L.; = %{zabarI-bhid}, %
{mAMsI}, %{muNDIrI} L.; n. toil, labour, exertion S3a1n3khS3r.
sravanta: *mfn. flowing, dropping
sravaNa* = n. streaming, flowing, flowing off (also pl.; cf. {azva-sr-}) R.; premature
abortion VarBriS.; sweat, perspiration L.; urine L.
sravantI* = f. (of {sravat} q.v.) flowing water, a river RV. &c. &c. (cf. Naigh. i, 13); a kind
of herb L.
sravana * = hearing
sravat * = mfn. (pr. p.) streaming, flowing &c.; (%{a4t}) f. a river RV. AV.; (%{antI}) f.
see below.

sravatha * = m. or n. flowing, streaming, running RV.

s'reNi f. (L. also m.; according to Un2. iv, 51, fr. %{zri}; connected with %{zreTI}
above) a line, row, range, series, succession, troop, flock, multitude, number RV. &c.
&c.; a swarm (of bees) S3is3.; a company of artisans following the same business, a guild
or association of traders dealing in the same articles Mn. MBh. &c.; a bucket,
wateringpot L.; the fore or upper part of anything L.; Sanseviera Roxburghiana L.\\ f. a
line, row &c. (= %{zreNi}) Mn. MBh. &c.
sringara = amourous
srijati *V= (6 pp) creates, appears, descends, manifests, produces
srijs* = mfn. to be let go or emitted or created BhP. Sarvad.
srij* =1 (cf. 1. 2. {sarj}) cl. 6. P. (Dhtup. xxviii, 121) {sRja4ti} (Ved. and ep. also {-te},
and once in AV. {sa4rjati}; pf. {sasarja}, {sasRje4} [2. sg. accord. to Pn. 7-2, 65,
{sasarjitha} and {sasraSTha}, in BhP. once {sasarktha}]; Vedic forms are {sasRjma4he},
{-jrire}, {sasRjyAt}, {asasRgram}; p. {sasRjAna4} q.v.; {sasRgma4he}; aor. {asrAkSIt};
{a4sRkSi}, {a4sRSTa} [Ved. also {a4sRgram} or {-ran}; {a4sarji}; {asrAk}, {asrAT};
{srAs}; {srakSat}; p. {sRjAna4} q.v.] ib. [1245,2]; fut. {sraSTA} PacavBr.; {srakSyati},
{-te} Br. &c.; inf. {sraSTum} MBh. &c.; ind. p. {sRSTvA} Br.; {-sR4jya} ib. &c.; {sa4rgam} or {-sa4rjam} Br.), to let go or fly, discharge, throw, cast, hurl at (acc. or dat.)
RV. &c. &c.; to cast or let go (a measuring line) RV.; to emit, pour forth, shed, cause to
flow (rain, streams &c.) ib. &c. &c.; to utter (a sound) Kaths.; to turn or direct (glances)
Kum.; to let loose, cause (horses) to go quickly; . `" to speed, run, hasten "' RV.; to
release, set free ib. AV. Kaus'.; to open (a door) Kaus'.; to publish, proclaim AitBr.; to

draw out and twist (a thread), twist, wind, spin (lit. and fig.; . {sRjyate}, `" for one's self
"'; cf. Pat. on Pn. 3-1, 87 Vrtt. 15, and Dhtup. xxvi, 69) TS. AV. S'Br. S'rS.; (in older
language only .) to emit from one's self i.e. create, procreate, produce, beget RV. &c.
&c.; to procure, grant, bestow MBh. R. &c.; to use, employ Rjat.; to get, acquire, obtain,
take (interest on money lent) Mn. viii, 140; to hang on, fasten to (loc.) MBh. iii, 2218
(perhaps {asRjat}, w.r. for {asajat}; see {saJj}): Pass. {sRjyate} (aor. {a4sarji}), to be let
loose or emitted or created RV. &c. &c.: Caus. {sarjayati}, {-te} (aor. {asasarjat} or
{asIsRjat}), to cause to let loose, let go, create &c. Br. &c.: Desid. {sisRkSati}, {-te}, to
wish to send forth or hurl or throw Hariv.; (.) to wish to produce or create Kthh. BhP.:
Intens. {sarIsRjyate}, {sarIsRSTi} &c. Gr.
srij* =2 (ifc.) letting loose, emitting, discharging MBh. Kv. &c.; producing, creating,
begetting (also with gen.) Inscr. MBh. Rjat.
srijaami* = manifest
srijaana* mfn. let go, poured out, shed, emitted, sent forth, hurled, thrown RV.
srijati* = m. (used as, a substantive to denote the root {sRj}, `" to create "') S'is'.
srijatvakarman* = n. begetting children Sanskrak.
srijaya* = m. a kind of bird VS. (Mahdh.); ({A4}) f. = {nIla-makSikA}, {zukla-sarpa}, or
{nIla-mahiSa} TS. (Sch.)
srijavaana* = m. N. of a son of Dyuti-mat (v.l. {sRjAvaNa}) VP. [1245,3]
srijana* = w.r. for {sarjana} (q.v.) Cat.

srijAna* = mfn. let go, poured out, shed, emitted, sent forth, hurled, thrown RV
srijati
srijya * = mfn. to be let go or emitted or created BhP. Sarvad.
sritii = different paths
srip (sRp)* = cl. 1 P. (Dha1tup. xxiii, 14) %{sa4rpati} (ep. and m. c. also %{-te}; p. %
{sa4rpat} [see s.v.] and %{sarpamANa}; pf. %{sasarpa} [1. du. %{sasRpiva}] Br.; aor. %
{asRpat} AV. Br.; %{asRpta} Br. &c.; %{asArpsIt}, or %{asrApsIt} Gr.; fut. %{sarptA} or
%{sraptA} ib.; %{sarpsyati} Br.; %{srapsyati} ib. &c.; inf. %{sarpitum} MBh. &c.; %
{sarptum} or %{sraptum} Gr.; %{-sR4pas} Br.; ind. p. %{sRptvA} ib.; %{-sR4pya} AV.
&c.; %{-sarpam} Br. &c.), to creep, crawl, glide, slink, move gently or cautiously (%
{sarpata}, `" depart! "' Ra1jat.) RV. &c. &c.; to slip into (acc.) AitBr.; (in ritual) to glide
noiselessly and with bended body and hand in hand (esp. from the Sadas to the Bahishpavama1na) Br. S3rS. ChUp.: Pass. %{sRpyate} (aor. %{asarpi}), to be crept &c. MBh.
&c.: Caus. %{sarpayati} (aor. %{asIsRpat} or %{asasarpat}, to cause to creep &c. (see %
{ava-}, %{anu-pra-}, %{vi-sRp}): Desid. %{si4sRpsati} (see %{ut-sRp}): Intens. %
{sarIsRpyate} (AitA1r.), %{sarIsarpti}, p. %{sarIsRpat} (BhP.), to creep along or hither
and thither, glide about &c. [Cf. Gk. $; Lat. &375922[1245,3] %{serpere}; see also %
{sarpa}.]
srishhTiH = creation
srishtha* = mfn. let go, discharged, thrown &c.; given up, abandoned (in {a-sR-}) Das'.;
brought forth produced, created AV. &c. &c.; provided or filled or covered with (instr. or

comp.) MBh. R.; engrossed by, intent upon (instr.) MBh.; firmly reasolved upon (loc. or
dat.) Gaut.; ornamented, adorned L.; abundant, much, many L.; ascertained W.; ({A}) f.
a kind of medicinal plant L.; a musical instrument like a stick which produces a soft
sound L.
srishhTii = World
srishhTvaa = creating
s'ruta* = mfn. heard, listened to, heard about or of, taught, mentioned, orally
transmitted or communicated from age to age S'Br. ChUp. MBh. &c.; known, famous,
celebrated RV. AV. Br. MBh.; known as, called (nom. with {iti}) MBh. R. &c.; m. N. of a
son of Bhagratha Hariv.; of a son of Kriishna BhP.; of a son of Su-bhshana ib.; of a son
of Upagu VP.; ({A}) f. N. of a daughter of Drghadanshthra Kaths.; ({am}) n. anything
heard, that which has been heard (esp. from the beginning), knowledge as heard by holy
men and transmitted from generation to generation, oral tradition or revelation, sacred
knowledge (in the Pur. personified as a child of Dharma and Medh), the Veda AV. &c.
&c.; the act of hearing MundUp. Kv. Kaths.; learning or teaching, instruction
({zrutaM-kR}, `" to learn "') past.; memory, remembrance AV. i, 1, 2.
srotasaaM = of flowing rivers
staH = is
stanabhara = breasts that are(full-with milk)
stabdhaH = impudent * = mfn. firmly fixed, supported, propped &c.; reaching up to
(loe.) S'vetUp. MBh.; stiff, rigid, immovable, paralyzed, senseless, dull ({am} ind.) MBh.

Kv. &c.; solidified (as water) Hariv.; puffed up, proud, arrogant ChUp. Bhag. &c.;
tardy, slack, slow (?) VarBriS.; obstinate, stubborn, hard-hearted MW.; coarse ib.
stabh = (root) to make immobile, to stun
stambhaH = (m) pillar * =stambha m. (ifc. f. {A}) a post, pillar, column, stem (as of a
tree; also improperly applied to an arm) Kthh. GriS'rS. MBh. &c.; support, propping,
strengthening Bhartri.; inflation, pretentiousness, arrogance MBh. R. &c.; fixedness,
stiffness, rigidity, torpor, paralysis, stupefaction MBh. Kv. &c.; becoming hard or solid
Rjat.; stoppage, obstruction, suppression (also the magical arresting of any feeling or
force, as of hunger, thirst, or of the forces of water, fire &c. as taught in the Tantras) Kv.
Sus'r. Pacar.; filling up, stuffing R.; N. of a partic. Adhyya Pat. on Pn. 5-2, 60 Vrtt.
1; of a Riishi &c. VP. (cf. g. {kuJjA7di} and {zaunakA7di}).
stamba: a clump or tuft of grass, any clump or bunch or cluster AV. &c. &c.; a sheaf of
corn L. a bush, thicket L. [1258, 1]; a shrub or plant having no decided stem (such as the
Jhinth or Barleria) L.; the post to which an elephant is tied (wrongly inferred from
{stambe-rama} q.v.) L.; a mountain L.; N. of various men Hariv. Pur.; n. (in these senses
prob. w.r. for {stambha}, m.) a post, pillar in general W.; stupidity, insensibility W.
stambhana = Stationary planet
staram.h = (n) level
stana * = m. (or n. g. {ardharcA7di} ifc. {A} or {I}; derivation doubtful, but prob.
connected with {stan}, from the hollow resonance of the human breast), the female
breast (either human or animal), teat, dug, udder RV. &c. &e.; the nipple (of the female

or the male breast) Sus'r.; a kind of pin or peg on a vessel shaped like a teat S'Br.
stanayitnu * = m. (sg. or pl.) thunder (pl. personified as children of Vidyota,`"
Lightning "') RV. AV. VS. &c. ; a ththunder-cloud Ka1v. BhP. ; lightning L. ; sickness ib.
; death ib. ; a kind of grass (= %{mustaka}) MW.
sthaa* = 1 cl. 1. P. A1. (Dha1tup. xxii, 30) %{ti4SThati}, %{-te} (pf. %{tasthau4}, %
{tasthe} RV. &c. &c.; aor. %{a4sthAt}, %{a4sthita} ib.; 3. pl. %{asthiran} RV. AV. Br.; %
{Asthat} [?] AV.; %{asthiSi}, %{-Sata} Br. &c.; Subj. %{sthAti}, %{sthA4thaH} RV.;
Prec. %{stheyAt} ib.; %{stheSam}, %{-SuH} [?] AV.; %{sthAsISTa} Gr.; fut. %{sthAtA}
MBh. &c.; %{sthAsyati}, %{-te} Br.&c.; inf. %{sthA4tum} ib.; %{-tos} Br. Gr2S3rS.; %{sthitum} R.; ind. p. %{sthitvA} MBh. &c.; %{-sthA4ya} RV. &c. &c.; %{-sthAyam}
Bhat2t2.), to stand, stand firmly, station one's self stand upon, get upon, take up a
position on (with %{pAdAbhyAm}, `" to stand on the feet "'; with %{jAnubhyAm}, `" to
kneel "'; with %{agre} or %{agratas} and gen., `" to stand or present one's self before "';
with %{puras} and with or without gen., `" to stand up against an enemy &c. "') RV. &c.
&c.; to stay, remain, continue in any condition or action (e.g. with %{kanyA}, `" to
remain a girl or unmarried "'; with %{tUSNIm} or with %{maunena} instr. `" to remain
silent "'; with %{sukham}, `" to continue or feel well "') AV. &c. &c.; to remain occupied
or engaged in, be intent upon, make a practice of, keep on, persevere in any act (with
loc.; e.g. with %{rAjye}, `" to continue governing "'; with %{zAsane}, `" to practise
obedience "'; with %{bale}, `" to exercise power "'; with %{sva-dharme}, `" to do one's
duty "'; with %{sva-karmaNi}, `" to keep to one's own business "'; with %{saMzaye}, `" to
persist in doubting "'; also with ind. p. e.g. %{dharmam@Azritya}, `" to practise virtue
"') AV. Mn. MBh. &c.; to continue to be or exist (as opp. to `" perish "'), endure, last TS.
Mn. MBh. &c.; to be, exist, be present, be obtainable or at hand AV. &c. &c.; to be with or
at the disposal of, belong to (dat. gen., or loc.) Mn. MBh. &c.; (A1. m. c. also P. cf. Pa1n2.

1-3, 23; iv, 34) to stand by, abide by, be near to, be on the side of, adhere or submit to,
acquiesce in, serve, obey (loc. or dat.) RV. &c. &c.; to stand still, stay quiet, remain
stationary, stop, halt, wait, tarry, linger, hesitate (see under %{sthitvA} below) RV. &c.
&c.; to behave or conduct one's self (with %{samam}, `" to behave equally towards any
one "' loc.); to be directed to or fixed on (loc.) Hariv. Katha1s.; to be founded or rest or
depend on, be contained in (loc.) RV. AV. MBh.; to rely on, confide in (loc. e.g. %
{mayi@sthitvA}, `" confiding in me "') Bhat2t2.; to stay at, resort to (acc.) R.; to arise
from (abl. or gen.) RV. ChUp.; to desist or cease from (abl.) Katha1s.; to remain
unnoticed (as of no importance), be left alone (only Impv. and Pot.) Ka1v. Pan5cat.:
Pass. %{sthIyate} (aor. %{asthAyi}), to be stood &c. (frequently used impers. e.g. %
{mayA@sthIyatAm}, `" let it be abided by me "' i.e. `" I must abide "') Br. &c. &c.: Caus.
%{sthApayati}, %{-te} (aor. %{a4tiSThipat}; ind. p. %{sthApayitvA} [q.v.] and %{sthA4pam}: Pass. %{sthApyate}), to cause to stand, place, locate, set, lay, fix, station,
establish, found, institute AV. &c. &c.; to set up, erect, raise, build MBh. R.; to cause to
continue, make durable, strengthen, confirm MBh. R. Sus3r. &c.; to prop up, support,
maintain MBh. Hcat.; to affirm, assent Sa1h. Nya1yas. Sch.; to appoint (to any office
loc.) Mn. MBh. &c.; to cause to be, constitute, make, appoint or employ as (two acc.; with
%{dhAtrIm}, `" to employ any one as a nurse "'; with %{rakSA7rtham}, `" to appoint any
one as guardian "'; with %{sajjam}, `" to make anything ready "' [1262,3]; with %{surakSitam}, `" to keep anything well guarded "'; with %{svIkRtya}, `" to make anything
one's own "'; with %{parizeSam}, `" to leave anythanything over or remaining "')
S3vetUp. MBh. Ka1v. &c.; to fix, settle, determine, resolve Mn. MBh. &c.; to fix in or on,
lead or being into, direct or turn towards (loc., rarely acc.; with %{hRdi}, `" to impress
on the heart "'; with %{manas}, `" to fix the mind on "') AV. &c. &c.; to introduce or
initiate into, instruct in (loc. e.g. with %{naye}, `" to instruct in a plan or system "') MBh.
Katha1s.; to make over or deliver up to (loc. or %{haste} with gen., `" into the hands of "')
Ya1jn5. Ratna7v. Katha1s.; to give in marriage MBh.; to cause to stand still, stop, arrest,

check, hold, keep in, restrain (with %{baddhvA}, `" to keep bound or imprisoned "')
S3Br. &c. &c.; to place aside, keep, save, preserve MBh. Hariv.: Desid. of Caus. %{sthApayiSati} (see %{saM-sthA}): Desid. %{ti4SThAsati}, to wish to stand &c. S3Br.:
Intens. %{teSThIyate}; %{tAstheti}, %{tAsthAti} Gr. [Cf. Gk. $; Lat. {stare}; Lith.
{sto4ti}; Slav. {stati}; &381116[1262,3] Germ. {sta7n}, {stehen}; Eng. {stand}.]//(or %
{STha}) mf(%{A})n. (only ifc.) standing, staying, abiding, being situated in, existing or
being in or on or among (see %{agni-}, %{garbha-}, %{jala-}, %{naraka-}, %{rAjya-stha}
&c.); occupied with, engaged in, devoted to performing, practising (see %{dhyAna-}, %
{yajJa-}, %{yoga-}, %{savana-stha} &c.); a place, ground (ibc. = %{sthala}) L.//sthA* =
(or %{SThA4}) mfn. (nom. m. n. %{sthA4s}) standing, stationary (often ifc. = `"
standing, being, existing in or on or among "' cf. %{agni-SThA}, %{RtasthA} &c.) RV.
Pan5cavBr. S3a1n3khS3r.
sthaH = situated
sthagayati = to stop someone
sthalaa = (f) tiles (on the floor)
sthaa = to stand
sthaa(tishhThati) = to stand
sthaaNuH = unchangeable
sthaana = place, house, position * = n. (also said to be m. Siddh.) the act of standing,
standing firmly, being fixed or stationary AV. &c. &c.; position or posture of the body (in
shooting &c.) R.; staying, abiding, being in or on (loc. or comp.) Das3. Ka1m. Hariv.

Sa1h.; storingplace or storage (of goods) Mn. viii, 401; firm bearing (of troops),
sustaining a charge (as opp. to %{yuddha}, `" charging "') ib. vii, 190; state, condition
(ifc. = `" being in the state of "') Up. BhP.; continued existence, continuance in the same
state (i.e. in a kind of neutral state unmarked by loss or gain), continuing as or as long as
(with instr.) MBh. R. BhP.; a state of perfect tranquillity Sarvad.; station, rank, office,
appointment, dignity, degree MaitrUp. Mn. MBh. &c.; place of standing or staying, any
place, spot, locality, abode, dwelling, house, site (%{sthAne@sthAne} or %
{sthAne@sthAneSu}, `" in different places "', `" here and there "') RV. &c. &c.; place or
room, stead (%{sthAne} with gen. or ifc. `" in place of "', `" instead of "', `" in lieu of "';
%{ripu-sthAne-vRt}, `" to act in the place of an enemy "'; %{vilocana-sthAna-gata}, `"
acting the part of eyes "'; also %{sthAna} ifc. = `" taking the place of "', `" acting as "', `"
representing "' or `" represented by "' e.g. %{pitR-sth-}, `" acting as a father "' or `"
represented by a ffather "'; %{iyaG-uvaG-sthAna}, `" reprrepresented by %{iy} or %
{uv} "' [as %{I} and %{U} Pa1n2. 1-4, 4]; in Pa1n2ini's grammar the gen. case is often
used alone, when the word %{sthAne} has to be supplied e.g. %{hanter@jaH}, `" %{ja} is
to be substituted in place of %{han} "', i, 1, 49) AitBr. Gr2S3rS. &c.; place for, receptacle
of (gen.) Mn. MBh. &c.; proper or right place (%{sthAne}, `" in the right place or at the
right time, seasonably, justly "') Pan5cavBr. &c. &c. (cf. g. %{svar-Adi}); province,
region, domain, sphere (of gods or virtuous men; said to be in one of three places, viz. `"
earth "' or `" atmosphere "' or `" heaven "'; accord. to some that of virtuous Bra1hmans
is called Pra1ja1patya; of Kshatriyas, Aindra; of Vais3yas, Ma1ruta; of S3u1dras,
Ga1ndharva) Nir. VarBr2S.; the main support or strength or chief constituent of a
kingdom (said to be four, viz. `" army "', `" treasury "', `" city "', `" territory "') Mn. vii,
56; a stronghold, fortress Pan5cat.; the place or organ of utterance of any sound (said to
be 8 in number, viz. %{kaNTha}, `" throat "'; %{tAlu}, `" palate "'; %{mUrdhan}, `" top
of palate "'; %{danta}, `" teeth "'; %{oSTha}, `" lips "'; %{kaNTha-tAlu}, `" throat and
palate "'; %{kaNTh'-oSTha}, `" throat and lips "'; %{dant'-oSTha}, `" teeth and lips "'; to

which are added %{nAsikA}, `" nose "', said to be the place of utterance of true
Anusva1ra, and %{uras}, `" chest "', of Visarga) Pa1n2. 1-9 Sch. Pra1t. Sarvad.; any
organ of sense (e.g. the eye) BhP.; the pitch or key of the voice, note, tone (of which
accord. to RPra1t., there are three [see %{mandra}], or accord. to TPra1t., seven; %
{vInA@cyutA@sthAnAt}, `" a lute out of tune "') S3rS. Pra1t. MBh. &c.; shape, form,
appearance (as of the moon) VarBr2S.; the part or character of an actor MW.; case,
occurrence (%{ne7daM@sthAnaM@vidyate}, `" this case does not occur "') Ya1jn5.
Pan5cat. Vajracch.; occasion, opportunity (or (gen. or comp.; %{sthAne} ind. `"
occasionally "') S3rS. MBh. &c.; cause or object of (gen. or comp. e.g. %{zulka-sthAna},
`" an object of toll "'; %{pUjA-} or %{mAnya-sth-}, `" an object of honour "'; also applied
to persons; %{sthAne} ind. `" because of "', `" on account of "') MBh. Pan5cat. Katha1s.;
a section or division (e.g. of medicine) Car. Sus3r. &c.; an astrol. mansion or its
subdivision VarBr2S.; = %{kAryo7tsarga}, S3i1l.; an open place in a town, plain, square
W.; a holy place MW.; an altar ib.; N. of a Gandharva king R.
sthaanaM = place
sthaanaka = (m) station, base
sthaanabhrashTa = adj. skidrow bum
sthaani = situated
sthaane = rightly
sthaapaya = please keep
sthaapayati = to put, to keep

sthaapayitvaa = placing
sthaalikaa = (f) plate, dish
sthaavara = not moving
sthaavaraaNaaM = of immovable things
sthaavira * = n. (fr. %{sthavira}) old age (described as commencing at seventy in men
and fifty in women, and ending at ninety, after which period a man is called %{varSIyas})
La1t2y. MBh. &c.; mfn. (v.l. for %{sthavira}) old, senile MBh. Hit.
sthaasyati = remains
sthairyam: *V steadiness, gravity, immovability, permanence *= sthairya. firmness,
hardness, solidity Yj. MBh. &c.; fixedness, stability, immobility Prab. BhP. Sarvad.;
calmness, tranquillity Pacad.; continuance, permanence Kv. Kaths.; steadfastness,
constancy, perseverance, patience MBh. R. &c.; firm attachment to, constant delight in
(loc.) Kv. Pacat. Kaths. &c.
sthairyaM = steadfastness
sthavira * = mf(%{A} or %{I})n. (cf. %{sthAvara}, p. 1264) broad, thick, compact, solid,
strong, powerful RV. AV. Br. MBh. Hariv.; old, ancient, venerable (%{-re@kAle} or %
{bhAve}, `" in old age "') Br. &c. &c. [1265,3]; m. an old man W.; (with Buddhists) an `"
Elder "' (N. of the oldest and most venerable Bhikshus) MWB. 184; 255 &c.; N. of
Brahma1 L.; (pl.) N. of a school (also %{Arya-sth-}) Buddh.; (%{A}) f. an old woman

MW.; a kind of plant L.; (%{am}) n. benzoin L.

sthira* = mf({A4}) n. firm, hard, solid, compact, strong RV. &c. &c.; fixed, immovable,
motionless, still, calm S'Br. MBh. &c.; firm, not wavering or tottering, steady R.
VarBriS.; unfluctuating, durable, lasting, permanent, changeless RV. &c. &c.; stern,
relentless, hard-hearted Kum.; constant, steadfast, resolute, persevering ({manas} or
{hRdayaM sthiraM-kR}, `" to steel one's heart, take courage "' R. Kaths.); kept secret
Vet.; faithful, trustworthy Yj. MBh. &c.; firmly resolved to (inf.) MBh.; settled,
ascertained, undoubted, sure, certain Mn. MBh. &c.; m. a partic. spell recited over
weapons R.; a kind of metre VarBriS.; N. of S'iva MBh.; of one of Skanda's attendants
ib.; N. of a partic. astrol. Yoga MW.; of certain zodiacal signs (viz. Taurus, Leo, Scorpio,
Aquarius; so called because any work done under these signs is supposed to be lasting)
ib. (L. also `" a tree; Grislea Tomentosa; a mountain; a bull; a god; the planet Saturn;
final emancipation "'); ({A}) f. a strong-minded woman MW.; the earth L.; Desmodium
Gangeticiim L.; Salmalia Malabarica L.; = {-kAkolI} L.; N. of the sound {j} Up.; ({am})
n. steadfastness, stubbornness, resistance (acc. with {ava-tan} P. `" to loosen the
resistance of [gen.] "'; . `" to relax one's own resistance, yield "'; with {A-tan} . `" to
offer resistance "') RV.
sthavishthha * = mfn. (superl. of %{sthUra}) very broad or thick or solid or strong TS.
&c. &c.
sthitaM = situated
sthitaH = situated
sthitadhiiH = one fixed in KRishhNa consciousness

sthitapraGYaH = transcendentally situated

sthitapraGYasya = of one who is situated in fixed KRishhNa consciousness
sthita * = mfn. standing (as opp. to `" going "', `" sitting "', or `" lying "'; {parasparaM
sthitam}, `" standing opposed to each other "'; {sthitaM tena}, `" it was stood by him "' =
`" he waited "') Mn. MBh. &c.; standing firm ({yuddhe}, `" in battle "') Hariv.; standing,
staying, situated, resting or abiding or remaining in (loc. or comp.; with {uccA7vaceSu},
`" abiding in things high and low "'; with {anityam}, `" not remaining permanently "', `"
staying only a short time "' KtyS'r. Mn. MBh. &c.; being or remaining or keeping in any
state or condition (loc., instr. abl. comp., or a noun in the same case, also ind. p. or adv.;
{vyApya sthitaH}, `" he keeps continually pervading "' S'ak. Vikr.; {upavizya sthitaH}, `"
he remains sitting "' Vikr.; {kathaM sthitA7si}, `" how did you fare? "' Vikr. [1264, 2];
{evaM sthite}, `" it being so "' Pac.; {puraH sthite}, `" it being imminent "') MBh. Kv.
&c.; engaged in, occupied with, intent upon, engrossed by, devoted or addicted to (loc. or
comp.), performing, protecting Mn. MBh. &c.; abiding by, conforming to, following
(loc.) ib.; being in office or charge Pacat. Rjat.; adhering to or keeping with (loc.)
Hariv.; lasting RPrt.; firm, constant, invariable Kaths.; settled, ascertained, decreed,
established, generally accepted S'Br. &c. &c.; fixed upon, determined S'ak.; firmly
convinced or persuaded MBh. Subh.; firmly resolved to (inf. or loc.) MBh. R. &c.; faithful
to a promise or agreement L.: upright, virtuous L.; prepared for or to (dat.) Yj. Kum.;
being there, existing, present, close at hand, ready ({sthito hy eSaH}, `" I myself am
ready "'; {agraje sthite}, `" when the elder brother is there "') Mn. MBh. &c.; belonging to
(gen.) R.; turned or directed to, fixed upon (loc. or comp.) VarBriS. Sarvad.; resting or
depending on (loc.) MBh. R. &c.; leading or conducive to (dat.) Pacat.; one who has
desisted or ceased Pacad.; left over L.; (in Vedic gram.) not accompanied by {iti} (in the
Pada-pthha), standing alone ({pade sthite}, `" in the Pada text "') Prt.; ({am}) n.

standing still, stopping Bhartri.; staying, remaining, abiding R.; manner of standing ib.;
perseverance on the right path ib.
sthitaaH = are situated
sthitaan.h = standing
sthiti = position* = f. standing upright or firmly, not falling Kvya7d.; standing, staying,
remaining, abiding, stay, residence, sojourn in or on or at (loc. or comp.; {sthitiM-kR} or
{vi-} 1. {dhA} or {grah} or {bhaj}, `" to make a stay "', `" take up one's abode "') Kv.
Kaths. &c.; staying or remaining or being in any state or condition (see {rAjya-sth-});
continuance in being, maintenance of life, continued existence (the 2nd of the three
states of all created things, the 1st being {utpatti}, `" coming into existence "', and the
3rd {laya}, `" dissolution "'), permanence, duration S'vetUp. R. Klid. BhP. Sarvad.;
duration of life MrkP.; (in astron.) duration of an eclipse Sryas.; continued existence in
any place MBh. Sh.; that which continually exists, the world, earth BhP.; any situation
or state or position or abode Kv. Pacat. Kaths.; station, high position, rank Mn. Yj.
Bhag. &c.; maintenance, sustenance Mlatm.; settled rule, fixed decision, ordinance,
decree, axiom, maxim S'Br. &c. &c.; maintenance of discipline, establishment of good
order (in a state &c.) Ragh.; continuance or steadfastness in the path of duty, virtuous
conduct, steadiness, rectitude, propriety MBh. R. Ragh.; constancy, perseverance Bhag.
Sarvad.; devotion or addiction to, intentness on (loc.) MBh. R.; firm persuasion or
opinion, conviction Yj. Km.; settled practice, institution, custom, usage Kaths.
Rjat.; settled bountary or bounds (esp. of morality e.g. {sthitim-bhid}, `" to transgress
the bounds of mmorality "'), term, limit R. Klid. Bhathth.; standing still, stopping,
halting ({sthitim A-car}, `" to remain standing "') Ragh. Rjat. Sus'r.; standing-place,
halting-place, stand or place or fixed abode S'Br. Mn. Rjat.; resistance to motion,

inertia (in phil.); fixedness, immobility, stability Ragh. BhP.; depositing, laying down
Rjat. Kaths.; form, shape MrkP.; manner of acting, procedure, behaviour, conduct
Mn. S'is'. Hit.; occurrence MBh.; regard or consideration for (loc.) Pacat. v.l.; (in Vedic
gram.) the standing of a word by itself (i.e. without the particle {iti}; see {sthita}).
sthitiM = situation
sthitiH = situation
sthitii = existing
sthitau = situated
sthitvaa = being situated
sthi4ti * =f. standing upright or firmly, not falling Kvya7d.; standing, staying,
remaining, abiding, stay, residence, sojourn in or on or at (loc. or comp.; {sthitiM-kR} or
{vi-} 1. {dhA} or {grah} or {bhaj}, `" to make a stay "', `" take up one's abode "') Kv.
Kaths. &c.; staying or remaining or being in any state or condition (see {rAjya-sth-});
continuance in being, maintenance of life, continued existence (the 2nd of the three
states of all created things, the 1st being {utpatti}, `" coming into existence "', and the
3rd {laya}, `" dissolution "'), permanence, duration S'vetUp. R. Klid. BhP. Sarvad.;
duration of life MrkP.; (in astron.) duration of an eclipse Sryas.; continued existence in
any place MBh. Sh.; that which continually exists, the world, earth BhP.; any situation
or state or position or abode Kv. Pacat. Kaths.; station, high position, rank Mn. Yj.
Bhag. &c.; maintenance, sustenance Mlatm.; settled rule, fixed decision, ordinance,
decree, axiom, maxim S'Br. &c. &c.; maintenance of discipline, establishment of good

order (in a state &c.) Ragh.; continuance or steadfastness in the path of duty, virtuous
conduct, steadiness, rectitude, propriety MBh. R. Ragh.; constancy, perseverance Bhag.
Sarvad.; devotion or addiction to, intentness on (loc.) MBh. R.; firm persuasion or
opinion, conviction Yj. Km.; settled practice, institution, custom, usage Kaths.
Rjat.; settled bountary or bounds (esp. of morality e.g. {sthitim-bhid}, `" to transgress
the bounds of mmorality "'), term, limit R. Klid. Bhathth.; standing still, stopping,
halting ({sthitim A-car}, `" to remain standing "') Ragh. Rjat. Sus'r.; standing-place,
halting-place, stand or place or fixed abode S'Br. Mn. Rjat.; resistance to motion,
inertia (in phil.); fixedness, immobility, stability Ragh. BhP.; depositing, laying down
Rjat. Kaths.; form, shape MrkP.; manner of acting, procedure, behaviour, conduct
Mn. S'is'. Hit.; occurrence MBh.; regard or consideration for (loc.) Pacat. v.l.; (in Vedic
gram.) the standing of a word by itself (i.e. without the particle {iti}; see {sthita}).
sthity * =in comp. for {sthiti}.
sthitvA * =ind. having stood or stayed or stopped or waited &c. (sometimes used alone to
express, after some time "'; {mAsaM sth-}, `" after a month "'; {ciram api sth-}, `" after
a long period "' = `" sooner or later "') RV. &c. &c.
sthin * =see {tri-SThi4n} and {parame-SThi4n}.
sthira = fixed
sthira-raashi = Fixed Signs
sthiraM = firm
sthiraH = still

sthirataa = steadiness
sthirabuddhiH = self-intelligent
sthiraaM = stable
sthiraaH = enduring
sthiraiH = with firm or strong (limbs)
sthuula = (adj) strong, big
sthuulaH = (adj) fat
sthula* = 1 n. (perhaps for {sthuDa} see prec.) a sort of long tent S'is'. \\2 see {apaSThula} p. 53, col. 1.
sthuula* = mf({A4})n. (fr. {sthU} = {sthA} and originally identical with {sthUra}) large,
thick, stout, massive, bulky, big, huge AV. &c. &c.; coarse, gross, rough (also fig. = `" not
detailed or precisely defined "'; cf. {yathA-sth-}) Mn. MBh. &c.; dense, dull, stolid,
doltish, stupid, ignorant (cf. comp.) MBh. Pacat.; (in phil.) gross, tangible, material
(opp. to {sUkSma}, `" subtle "'; cf. {sthUla-zarIra}); m. Artocarpus Integrifolia L.; N. of
one of S'iva's attendants L.; m. n. g. {ardharcA7di}; ({A}) f. Scindapsus Officinalis L.;
Cucumis Utilissimus L.; large cardamoms L.; n. `" the gross body "' (= {sthUla-z-}) Up.
MBh. &c.; sour milk, curds L.; = {kUTa} L.; a heap, quantity W.; a tent (prob. for 1.
{sthula}) ib.

sthuulashariira = (bahuvriihi) big-bodied

stu *= 1 cl. 2. P. A1. (Dha1tup. xxiv , 34 ; cf. Pa1n2. 7-3 , 95) %{stau4ti} or %{stavIti} , %
{stute} or %{stuvIte} (in RV. also %{sta4vate} , 3. sg. %{stave} [with pass. sense] , 1. 3.
sg. %{stuSe4} Impv. %{stoSi} , p. [mostly with pass. sense] %{stuvAna4} , %{sta4vAna}
or %{stavAna4} , %{sta4vamAna} ; in BhP. %{stunvanti} , in Up. p. %{stunvAna} ; pf. %
{tuSTAva} , %{tuSTuvu4s} , %{tuSTuve4} RV. &c. &c. ; aor. %{astAvIt} or %{astauSIt}
Br. &c. ; %{stoSat} , %{stoSANi} RV. ; %{a4stoSTa} ib. &c. ; Prec. %{stUyAt} Gr. ; fut. %
{stavitA} or %{stotA} Vop. ; fut. %{staviSya4ti} , %{-te} RV. ; %{stoSyati} , %{-te} Br. &c.
; Cond. %{astoSyat} Bhat2t2. ; inf. %{stotum} ib. &c. ; %{stavitum} Vop. ; %{sto4tave} ,
%{stava4dhyai} RV. ; ind. p. %{stutvA4} AV. &c. ; %{-stu4tya} Br. &c. ; %{-stUya} MBh.
&c.) , to praise , laud , eulogize , extol , celebrate in song or hymns (in ritual , `" to chant
"' , with loc. of the text from which the Sa1man comes) RV. &c. &c.: Pass. %{stUya4te}
(aor. %{astAvi}) , to be praised or celebrated ; %{stA8yamAna} mfn. being praised ib.:
Caus. %{stA8vayati} (aor. %{atuSTavat} RV. ; %{-Tuvat} JaimBr.) , to praise , celebrate
; (%{stAvayate}) , to cause to praise or celebrate BhP.: Desid. %{tuSTUSati} , %{-te}
(p.p. %{tuSTUSita}) , to wish to celebrate S3am2k.: Intens. %{toSTUyate} , %{toSToti}
Gr.
stuyamaana V* = sought
stuta *= praised 1 mfn. (for 2. see col. 3) praised, eulogized, hymned, glorified,
celebrated RV. &c. &c. ; recited with praise (as a hymn) S3a1n3khS3r. ; m. N. of S3iva
MBh. ; n. praise, eulogy RV. Br. ChUp. ; (in ritual) = %{stotra} TS.\\ 2 mfn. (for 1. see
col. 1) dripping, oozing (v.l. %{sruta}) L.
stuti = praise

stutiH = praise
stutibhiH = with prayers
stuva.nti = praise, flatter
stuvAna* mfn. praising (Sy. `" being praised "'). see root, col. 1
stuvanti = are singing hymns
stenaH = thief
steya = robbery
stoka = (adj) little bit, small amount
stotra = hymn
stotraM = hymn
stotre = in composing a hymn
styana = sloth
straiNa* = mf({I})n. female, feminine RV. &c. &c.; relating or belonging to women,
subject to or ruled by women, being among wwomen Kv. BhP.; worthy of a woman L.;
n. womankind, the female sex AV. &c. &c.; the nature of wwomen Uttarar. BhP.

stra.nsate = is slipping
stravati = (1 pp) to flow
striyaH = women
stri* = (?) = 2. {stR}, a star (q.v.)
strI* = f. (perhaps for {sUtrI}, or {sotrI}, `" bearer of children "', fr. 2. {sU}; accord. to
some connected with Lat. {sator}; nom. {strI4}; acc. in later language also {strIm} and
{strIs} pl.) a woman, female, wife RV. &c. &c.; the female of any animal (e.g. {zAkhAmRga-strI}, `" a female monkey "') S'Br. MBh.; a white ant L.; the Priyangu plant L.; (in
gram.) the feminine gender Nir. S'Br. &c.; a kind of metre Col.
striyashcharitraM = the characater of a woman
strii = (f) woman
striikaaraka = Significator of wife or partner Venus
strItva * = n. womanhood, wifehood MBh. R. &c. ; (in gram.) feminineness Cat.
striishhu = by the womanhood.
su = good, used as a prefix *= (= 2. %{sU}), (only in 3. sg. %{sauti} see %{pra-sU}) to
beget, bring forth.
6 su 5 ind. (opp. to %{dus} and corresponding in sense to Gk. $ ; perhaps connected
with 1. %{va4su}, and, &368595[1219,3] accord. to some, with pron. base %{sa}, as %

{ku} with %{ka} ; in Veda also %{sU4} and liable to become %{Su} or %{SU} and to
lengthen a preceding vowel, while a following %{na} may become %{Na} ; it may be used
as an adj. or adv.), good, excellent, right, virtuous, beautiful, easy, well, rightly, much,
greatly, very, any, easily, willingly, quickly (in older language often with other particles ;
esp. with %{u}, = `" forthwith, immediately "' ; with %{mo7} i.e. %{mA@u}, = `" never,
by no means "' [1220,1] ; %{su4@kam} often emphatically with an Impv. e.g. %
{ti4SThA@su4@kam@maghavan@mA4@parA@gAH}, `" do tarry O Maghavan, go not
past "' RV. iii, 53, 2 ; %{su} always qualifies the meaning of a verb and is never used
independently at the beginning of a verse ; in later language it is rarely a separate word,
but is mostly prefixed to substantives, adjectives, adverbs and participles, exceptionally
also to an ind. p. e.g. %{su-baddhvA}, `" having well bound "' Mr2icch. x, 50 ; or even to
a finite verb e.g. %{su-nirvavau} S3is3. vi, 58) RV. &c. &c.
subhaaga *= mf(%{A4}) n. fortunate, wealthy, rich RV. ; (%{A}) f. N. of a daughter of
Raudra1s3va VP.
subhaga *= mf(%{A}) n. possessing good fortune, very fortunate or prosperous, lucky,
happy, blessed, highly favoured RV. &c. &c. ; beautiful, lovely, charming, pleasing, pretty
(voc. %{subhaga} and %{subhage}, often in friendly address) ib. ; nice (ironical) Va1s. (=
%{zobhana-pazu} Sch.) ; liked, beloved, dear (as a wife) AV. MBh. R. ; delicate, slender,
thin Car. ; (ifc.) suitable for S3ak. (v.l.) ; (%{am}) ind. beautifully, charmingly Megh. ;
greatly, in a high degree (v.l. for %{sutarAm}) S3ak. ; m. N. of S3iva S3ivag. ; borax L. ;
Michelia Champaka L. ; Jonesia Asoka L. ; red Amaranth L. ; N. of a son of Subala MBh.
; (%{A}) f. good fortune (in this sense the loc. %{Asu} seems to be used) Pan5cavBr. ; a
beloved or favourite wife R. (cf. comp.) ; a five-year-old girl representing Durga1 at
festivals L. ; musk L. ; N. of various plants (a species of Musa ; Glycine Debilis ; Cyperus
Rotundus &c.) L. ; (in music) a partic. Ra1gin2i1 Sam2gi1t. ; N. of a daughter of

Pra1dha1 MBh. ; of one of the Ma1tr2is attending on Skanda ib. ; of a kind of fairy
Buddh. ; (%{am}) n. good fortune ; bitumen L. MW. ; %{-M-karaNa} (%{-ga4M-}) mf(%
{I})n. making happy AV. ; charming, enchanting Ra1jat. ; n. fascinating, winning (a
woman) Cat. ; %{-tA} f. love, conjugal felicity VarBr2S. ; %{-tva4} n. welfare, prosperity
RV. Pa1rGr2. ; favour, dearness (esp. of a wife) VarBr2S. Va1s. [1229,3] ; %{-mAnin}
mfn. thinking one's self fortunate or pleasing R. Das3. ; %{m-bhavinSNu} mfn.
becoming fortunate or pleasing Pa1n2. 3-2, 57 ; %{-m-bhAvuka} mfn. id. ib. Dhu1rtas. ;
%{-m-manya} mfn. (= %{-mAnin}) Das3. (%{-bhAva} m. `" self-conceit, vanity "'
Megh.) ; %{-saMdeza} m. N. of a poem by Na1ra1yan2a ; %{-gA7kheTa-bhUmi} mfn.
having fine hunting-grounds (%{-tva} n.) Katha1s. ; %{-gA-tanaya} m. the son of a
beloved wife or of an honoured mother R. ; %{-gA7nanda} m. N. of a Prahasana (%{nAtha} m. N. of an author Cat.) ; %{-gA7rcana-candrikA} f. %{-gA7rcA-ratna} n. N. of
wks. ; %{-gA-suta} m. (= %{-gA-tanaya}) L. ; %{-go7daya} m. `" rise of prosperity "'N.
of wk. (also %{-ya-darpaNa}, m.).\\ %{-bhaGga} &c. see p. 1229, cols. 2, 3.
subhagaya *= Nom. P. %{-yati}, to make beautiful, adorn BhP.
sucira mfn. very long (ibc., %{am}, %{Aya}, and %{ena}, `" for a very long time, a good
while "'; %{at}, `" after a very long time "') MBh. R. &c.; %{-zrama} m. fatigue or
exertion for a very long time BhP.; %{-rA7yus} mfn. `" having a very long life "', a god,
divinity L.; %{-rA7rpita} mfn. fixed or directed for a long time Amar.; %{-ro7tsuka} mfn.
anxious or desirous for a long ttime Katha1s.; %{-ro7Sita} mfn. one who has dwelt or
stayed for a long ttime R.
2 sucIrA see %{-cArA}.
sudhiti * mfn. = {svadhiti}, an axe, hatchet, knife L. [1226, 2]

su-dhita: * =({su4-}) mfn. (for {sudhita} see p. 1226, col. 1) well placed or fixed RV.; well
ordered or arranged or contrived ib. TBr.; well prepared or served, ready (as food) RV.;
fixed upon, meant, intended ib.; well-disposed, kind, benevolent ib. VS.
sudhita * = mfn. (for {su-dhita} see p. 1225, col. 3) nectar-like
suna * = mf(%{A})n. easily seen by (instr.) Vop.; good-looking, beautiful, handsome,
lovely MBh. R. &c.; m. `" keen-sighted "', a vulture L.; a fish Bhpr.; (in music) a kind of
composition Sam2gi1t.; N. of S3iva MBh.; of a son of Agni and Sudars3ana1 ib.; of a
Vidya1-dhara BhP.; of a Muni ib.; of a Buddha Lalit.; of a patriarch Buddh.; of a serpentdemon ib.; of a Cakravartin ib.; of one of the 9 Jaina S3ukla-balas or Bala-devas L.; of
the father of the 18th Arhat of the present Avasarpin2i1 L.; of a king of Ma1lava MBh.; of
a king of Ujjayini1 Cat.; of a king of Pa1t2ali-putra Hit.; of a son of S3an3khana R.; of a
son of Artha-siddhi Hariv.; of a son of Dhruva-sam2dhi Ragh.; of a son of Dadhici Cat.;
of a son of Aja-mid2ha Hariv.; of a son of Bharata BhP.; of a son-in-law of Pratika ib.; of
a gambler Katha1s.; of various authors &c. (also with %{AcArya}, %{kavi}, %{bhaTTa},
%{sUri} &c.) Cat.; of a Jambu1 tree MBh.; of a mountain TA1r. MBh. Ka1ran2d2.; of a
Dvipa MBh.; m. n. N. of the %{cakra} or circular weapon of Vishn2u-Kr2ishn2a (or `"
the disc of the sun "') MBh. Ka1v. &c.; of a mystical staff (carried by Sam2nya1sins as a
defence against evil spirits, and consisting of a bamboo with six knots) RTL. xxi; (%{A4})
f. a handsome woman, a woman W.; a night in the light half of a month TBr.; an order,
command L.; Coculus Tomentosus L.; a sort of spirituous liquor L.; N. of a daughter of
Duryodhana and Narmada1 MBh.; of a princess Pan5cat.; of a Gandharva maiden
Ka1ran2d2.; of a lotus pond R.; of a Jambu1 tree MBh.; of Indra's city Amara1vati1 Cat.;
of a Comm. on the Tantra-ra1ja; (%{I}) f. N. of Indra's city (also %{-nI-nagara})
DivyA7v.; (%{am}) n. (cf. m.) a partic. powder composed of various substances Bhpr.; N.
of Indra's city; of a Tirtha BhP.; %{-kavaca} n. %{-kAla-prabhA} f. N. of wks.; %{-cakra}

n. Vishnu's discus Cat.; %{-cUrNa} n. `" beautiful powder "', a medicinal compound
used in fevers S3a1rn3gS.; %{-jvAla-mantra} m. N. of a Mantra; %{-dvIpa} n. Jambudvi1pa MW.; %{-nRsiMhA7rAdhana} n. %{-paJjaro7paniSad} f. %{-pAJcajanyapratiSThA} f. N. of wks.; %{prIti-kara} m. N. of a Kim2-nara prince Buddh.; %{bhASya} n. %{-mantra} m. %{-mahA-mantra} m. %{-mAhAtmya} n. %{-mImAMsA} f.
%{-vijaya} m. %{-zataka} n. %{-SaD-akSara} n. %{-saMhitA} f. %{-sampAta} m. %{sahasra-nAman} n. %{-sukarNaka-carita} f. %{-stava} m. %{-stotra} n.; %{-nA7diyantra-vidhi} m. %{-nA7rAdhana} n. %{-nA7rAdhana-krama}, m. %{-nA7STaka} m. N.
of wks.; %{-no7paniSad} f. N. of an Upani. shad. [1224,3]
sudati = woman
sudhi * = see %{-dhI}.
sudhii * = f. good sense or understanding, intelligence Subh. ; (%{-dhI4}) mfn. (nom. %
{Is}, %{i}) having a good understanding, wise, clever, sensible R. Katha1s. &c. ; religious,
pious RV. ; m. a wise or learned man, Pandit, teacher L. ; %{-candrikA} f. N. of wk. ; %{-ndra-yati} (%{-dhI7ndr-}) m. N. of an author ; %{-mayUkha} m. %{-vAda} m. %{vilocana} n. %{-vilocana-sAra} m. %{-zRGgAra} m. N. of wks. ; %{-dhy-upA7sya} see %
{suddhyup-} (s.v.) -1.\\ &c. see p. 1225, col. 3.
sudhiikR * = P. %{-karoti}, to change into nectar Naish.
sudhiira* = mfn. very considerate or wise MW. -2.
sudhiira * = mfn. very firm or resolute Pan5cat. (v.l.)
sudhita * = (%{su4-}) mfn. (for %{sudhita} see p. 1226, col. 1) well placed or fixed RV. ;

well ordered or arranged or contrived ib. TBr. ; well prepared or served, ready (as food)
RV. ; fixed upon, meant, intended ib. ; well-disposed, kind, benevolent ib. VS.
sudhita * = mfn. (for %{su-dhita} see p. 1225, col. 3) nectar-like BhP.
sudhiti * = mfn. = %{svadhiti}, an axe, hatchet, knife L. [1226,2]
suduraachaaraH = one committing the most abominable actions
sudurdarshaM = very difficult to see
sudurlabhaH = very rare to see
sudushhkaraM = difficult
sudhaa = Nectar *= f. (1. %{dhA} ; for 2. %{su-dhA} &c. see s.v.) welfare, ease, comfort
AV. AitBr. \\ 2 f. (fr. 5. %{su+dhe} ; for 1. %{su-dhA}, `" welfare "' see col. 2) `" good
drink "', the beverage of the gods, nectar (cf. 2. %{dhAtu}, p. 514) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; the
nectar or honey of flowers L. ; juice, water L. ; milk (also pl.) VarBr2S. Pan5car. ; white
wash, plaster, mortar, cement MBh. R. &c. ; a brick L. ; lightning L. ; the earth Gal. ;
Euphorbia Antiquorum or another species Car. ; Sanseviera Roxburghiana L. ; Glycine
Debilis L. ; Emblica or yellow Myrobalan L. ; a kind of metre Ked. ; N. of the, wife of a
Rudra BhP. ; of the Ganges L. ; of various wks.
sudhaaM = (fem.Acc. Sing.)nectar
sudhaakar = Moon

sudhaakhaNDaH = (m) chalk

sudina *= mf(%{A})n. clear, bright (as a day or morning) RV. ; n. a clear or fine or
auspicious day RV. &c. &c. ; happy time, happiness (= %{sukha}) Naigh. iii, 6 ; N. of a
Tirtha MBh. ; %{-tA} f. clear weather Bhartr2. ; %{-tva4} n. state of fine weather, an
auspicious time RV. ; %{-nA7ha} n. a bright fine day Pat. on Pa1n2. 2-4, 30.
sudiina - see diina
sugandhiM = one that has a nice fragrance
sugriiv
sudaama * = m. `" giving well "'N. of a cowherd attendant on Kriishna Pacar.; pl. N. of
a people (v.l. for {su-dAsa}) R.; ({A}) f. N. of one of the Mtriis attendant on Skanda
MBh.; of a river (in the north of India) R.
eshaH = master-sugrIva, the monkey king (literally meaning the one
sughoshhamaNipushhpakau = the conches named Sughosa and Manipuspaka
suHrid.h = affectionate
suhrit.h = to well-wishers by nature
suhrd *uhRd * `" good-hearted "', kindhearted "', `" well-disposed "', a friend, ally (also
said of planets; {suhRdo janAH}, `" friends "') S'rS. Mn. MBh. &c.; N. of the fourth
astrol. mansion VarBriS.; f. a female friend Gobh. Kaus'.; mfn. (only ifc.) fond of, liking

or devoted to Blar.; very similar to, closely resembling ib.

suhrid.h = (bahuvriihi) friend
suhridaM = the benefactor
suhridaH = well-wishers
sujana = good man
sukanya = good virgin
sukara = easy
sukumaarau = (two) handsome young lads
sukha = happiness
sukhaM = easily
sukhaH = and happiness
sukhataH = for happiness
sukhada = the one giving comfort
sukhaduHkha = happiness and distress

sukhamedhate = happiness, obtains

sukhaleshaH = (even a little) happiness
sukhasampadaam.h = of the happiness and wealth
sukhasya = of happiness
sukhaani = happiness thereof
sukhaarthinaH = (of) a man seeking happiness
sukhaasana = the easy posture
sukhaasanam.h = (n) a reclining chair, rocking chair
sukhinaH = happy
sukhii = happy
sukhe = in happiness
sukhena = in transcendental happiness
sukheshhu = in happiness
s'ukla *= mf(%{A})n. (later form of %{zukra}, for which it is sometimes w.r.) bright,
light (with %{pakSa} = %{zukla-p-} q.v.) Ka1tyS3r. Mn. MBh. &c.; white, whitish AitBr.

&c. &c.; pure, spotless, unsullied MBh. Ka1v. &c.; m. the bright half of a lunar month or
any day in it Gr2S3rS. Mn. MBh. &c.; the month Vais3a1kha BhP. (Sch.); white (the
colour) L.; mucus, saliva (%{zukla4M-kR}, to spit at) AV.; ricinus or white r L.;
Mimusops Hexandra L.; the 37th (or 3rd) year of Jupiter's cycle of 60 years VarBr2S.;
the 24th of the astronomical Yogas. L.; N. of S3iva MBh.; of Vishn2u BhP.; of a son of
Havir-dha1na (cf. %{zukra}) Hariv.; of a Muni Cat.; of a king Buddh.; of a mountain
BhP.; (%{A}) f. a white cow Ka1tyS3r.; white or candied sugar L.; Euphorbia
Antiquorum L.; = %{kAkOlI} and %{vidArI} L.; N. of Sarasvati1 L.; of a daughter of
Sin6ha-hanu Buddh.; of a river BhP.; n. brightness, light MaitrUp.; a white spot, white
substance, anything white AV. S3Br. ChUp.; the white of the eye S3Br. R. Sus3r.; a
disease of the cornea or white part of the eye (opacity, albugo; cf. %{zukra}) L.; silver L.;
fresh butter L.
sukritaM = pious activities
sukritadushhkrite = good and bad results
sukritasya = pious
sukritiM = good deed
sukritinaH = those who are pious
sukritinaaM = of the good-doer
sukritii = the man with good deeds
sukshma * = mf({A4})n. consisting of good earth VS. (Sch.)

sulabha = Easy
sulabhaH = very easy to achieve
sumano* = (for {-manas}) in comp.; {--kasa} n. (fr {su-manas} + {okas}) the abode or
world of gods (v.l. {-nau9kasa}) Hariv.; {-jJaghoSa} m. N. of a Buddha Lalit.; {--ttarA} f.
(fr. {su-manas} + {utt-}) N. of a woman and the story about her Pn. 4-3, 87 Vrtt. 1
Pat.; {-dAman} n. a garland of flowers Mriicch.; {-bhara} mfn. possessing or
ornamented with flowers W.; {-bhirAma} mf({A})n. very captivating or agreeable, lovely,
charming R.; {-mattaka}, m.N. of a man Rjat.; f. {-maya} mf({I})n. `" consisting of
flowers "' and `" being of pious disposition "', Srikanthh.; {-mukha} m. N. of a
serpentdemon MBh.; {-rajas} n. the pollen of a flower L.; {-raJjinI} f. N. of wk.; {-latA} f.
a flowering creeper Sh.
sumanorama* = mfn. very charming or lovely R.; ({A}) f. N. of two wks.
sumanohara* = mf({A})n. very captivating or charming, beautiful MBh. Pur. [1231,1];
({A}) f. N. of a Comm. on the Kvya-praks'a.
sumanasya = benevolence
sumanda * = mfn. very slow or dull; (%{A}) f. N. of a partic. S3akti Pan5car.; (%{-da})%
{-buddhi} mfn. very dull-witted or much disheartened MBh.; %{-bhAj} mfn. very
unfortunate ib.
sumitraa = dasharath's wife, laxmas mother
sunaabha * = mfn. having a good nave or centre MBh.; (also %{-bhaka}) having a good

handle R.; m. a partic. spell recited over weapons ib.; N. of a counsellor of Varun2a
MBh.; of a son of Dhr2it2a-ra1sht2ra ib.; of a son of Garud2a ib.; of a brother of Vajrana1bha Hariv.; of a mountain MBh. R.; (prob.) n. a wheel, discus BhP.
su.ndaram.h = the handsome one
sundara = beautiful
sundariiM = (sundari in objective case)
suniyamanaya = with good niyama or GYaana, also with na, ya, ma, na, ya gaNaas
sunishchitaM = definitely
supakva *= mf(%{A})n. (i.e. 5. %{su+p-}; 2. %{pac}) well-cooked or matured,
thoroughly ripe (lit. and fig.) AV. Sus3r. Pan5car.; a sort of fragrant Mango L.
suputra = good son
supuujitam.h = well worshipped
supta = asleep
supta\-jaanu\-shirshhaasana = the supine head-knee posture
supta\-paschimottanaasana = the supine back-stretching posture
supta\-paadaangushhThaasana = the supine big toe posture

supta\-baddha\-padmaasana = the supine bound lotus posture

supta\-vajraasana = the supine thunderbolt posture
supra = whitesura = god
sura *= m. (prob. fr. %{asura} as if fr. %{a-sura} and as %{sita} fr. %{a-sita} ; thought
by some to be connected with 2. %{svar}) a god, divinity, deity (%{surANAM@hantR} m.
`" slayer of the gods "'N. of a partic. form of fire, son of Tapas) MaitrUp. MBh. &c. ; the
image of a god, an idol Vishn2. ; a symbolical N. for the number `" thirty-three "' (from
the 33 gods ; see %{deva}) Gan2it. ; a sage, learned man L. ; the sun L. ; (said to be) = %
{kSura} MBh. ; w.r. for %{svara} ib. ; (%{A}) f. see s.v. ; (%{I}) f. a goddess Naish.
HParis3. ; (%{am}) n. see %{surA}.
suragaNaaH = the demigods
suraguroH = of Brihaspati (the teacher of Gods)
surangikaa = (f) a small tunnel
surasanghaaH = groups of demigods
suraaNaaM = of the demigods
suraapaana = drinking, alcoholism
suratataa* f. godhead MBh.; the rice of gods Cat

surata * =; mfn. sporting, playful Un. v, 14 Sch.; compassionate, tender L.; m. N. of a

mendicant Buddh.; ({A}) f. a wife Hariv. (Sch.); N. of an Apsaras MBh.; ({am}) n. great
joy or delight ib.; (ifc. f. {A}) amorous or sexual pleasure or intercourse, coition Kv.
Kaths. &c.; {-keli} f. amorous sport or dalliance Cat.; {-krIDA} f. id. Kaths.; {gahvarA} f. N. of a Sura7ngan Sinha7s.; {-glAni} f. exhaustion from sexual intercourse
Megh.; {-janita} mfn. produced by sexual intintercourse ib.; {-tAlI} f. a female
messenger, go-between L.; a chaplet, garland for the head L.; {-nivRtti} f. cessation of
sexsexual intintercourse Cat.; {-pradIpa} m. a lamp burning during sexsexual
intintercourse Kum.; {-prabhA} f. N. of a woman Kaths.; {-prasaGga} m. addiction to
sexsexual intintercourse MW.; {-prasaGgin} mfn. addicted to sexsexual
intintercourse Riitus.; {-priya} mfn. id. VarBriS.; N. of a woman Dhrtas.; {-bandha}
m. a kind of coition L.; {-bheda} m. a kind of ccoition Cat.; {-maJjarI} f. N. of a
daughter of the Vidy-dhara Matanga-deva and of the 16th Lambaka of the Kath-saritsgara (called after her); {-mRdita} mfn. worn out by sexual intintercourse Bhartri.; {raGgin} mfn. (for {sura-t-} see p. 1234, col. 2), delighting in or addicted to sexual
intercourse Subh.; {-varNana} n. description of sexsexual intercourse Cat.; {-vArarAtri}
f. a night fit for sexsexual intintercourse Ragh.; {-vidhi} m. performance or rule or
mode of sex intintercourse VarBriS.; {-vizeSa} m. a partic. kind of sexsexual
intintercourse Kir.; {-vyApArajAta-zrama} mfn. wearied by addiction to sexsexual
intintercourse Subh.; {-sambhoga} m. enjoyment of sexsexual intintercourse Vet.; {saukhya} n. the pleasure of sexsexual intintercourse ib.; {-stha} mfn. engaged in
sexsexual intintercourse Kaths.; {-to7tsava} m. the joy of sexual intintercourse
Subh.; {-to7tsuka} mfn. desirous of sexsexual intintercourse VarBriS.; {-to7pacArakuzala} mfn. skilled in sexsexual intintercourse ib.
sures'a * = m. a lord of the gods BhP. ; N. of a partic. god MBh. ; of a partic. Agni (son
of Tapas) ib. ; of Indra VarBr2S. Katha1s. BhP. ; of Vishn2u-Kr2ishn2a Cat. ; of S3iva

S3ivag. ; of a place Pan5car. ; (%{I}) f. N. of Durga1 Ca1n2. ; %{-loka} m. Indra's world

BhP.
surendra = king of gods
surkiMsijan.h = (m) what happens to some babies' weewees
surya = A name for the Sun
suryodaya = sun-rise
sushiila = of good character
sushiilatva = good character
sus'ruNa * = mfn. obtaining good hearing (Sy. `" very famous "') RV.
sushumnaa = the spinal cord
sushhuptiH = deep sleeping
sushhuptii\-avasthaa = the state of the mind in dreamless sleep
susukhaM = very happy
sus'loka* = (%{su4-}) mf(%{A})n. well sounding or speaking VS. TBr. &c.; of good
renown, famous, celebrated BhP.

susmita = endowed with good smiles

suta = son
suta * = 1 mfn. impelled, urged S'Br.; allowed, authorized ib. \\2 mfn. pressed out,
extracted; m. (sg. and pl., once n. in ChUp. 12, 1) the expressed Soma. Juice, a Soma
libation RV. AV. S'Br. ChUp. BhP. \\3 mfn. begotten, brought forth; m. (ifc. f. {A}) a
son, child, offspring ({sutau} du. = `" son and daughter "') Mn. MBh. &c.; a king L.; N. of
the 5th astrological house VarBriS.; N. of a son of the 10th Manu Hariv.; ({A}) f. see
below.
sutaa = daughter* = f. (ifc. f. {A}) a daughter Mn. MBh. &c.; the plant Alhagi Maurorum
L.
suurata * = mfn. (for {su-r-}) well disposed towards, compassionate, tender Un. v, 14;
tranquil, calm ib.; ({A}) f. a tractable cow
suu = to produce * = 1 (not separable in all forms fr. 2. %{sU} ; cf. 1. %{su-SU4}, %
{asu-sU}, and 4. %{su}) cl. 6. P. (Dha1tup. xxviii, 115) %{suva4ti} (in Br. also %{-te}, and
accord. to Dha1tup. xxii, 43 and xxiv, 32 also %{savati} and %{-sauti} ; pf. %{suSuve4}
AV. ; p. %{suSuvANa4} q.v. ; aor. %{asAvIt}, %{sAviSat} RV.: Pass. %{sUya4te} Br.
&c.), to set in motion, urge, impel, vivify, create, produce RV. &c. &c. ; to hurl upon
Bhat2t2. ; to grant, bestow (esp. said of Savitr2i) RV. ; to appoint or consecrate to (A1. `"
to let one's self be consecrated "') AV. TS. ; to allow, authorize S3Br.: Intens. %{soSavIti},
to urge or impel violently (said of Savitr2i) RV.\\2 (cf. 1. %{sU} and 5. %{su}) cl. 2. A1.
(Dha1tup. xxiv, 21) %{sUte} (1. sg. pr. %{suve}, 3. sg. impf. %{asUta} ; in later language
also %{sUyate} [xxvi, 31] and in comp. with %{pra} also %{-savati} and %{-sauti} [cf.

xxiv, 31] ; pf. %{sasUva} RV. ; %{suSuve4} AV. &c. ; %{susAva} MBh. &c. ; aor. %
{asuSot} MaitrS. ; %{-SavuH} TBr. ; %{asoSTa} ChUp. ; %{asauSIt} and %{asaviSTa}
Gr. ; fut. %{sotA}, %{savitA} ib. ; %{soSya4ti}, %{-te} Br. &c. ; %{saviSyati}, %{-te}
MBh. &c. ; p. f. %{sU4SyantI} RV. ; %{soSya4ntI} [s. v.] S3Br. [1240,1] ; inf. %{sU4tave}
RV. ; %{sUtavai4} AV. ; %{sa4vitave} ib. ; %{sotum}, or %{savitum} Gr. ; ind. p. %
{sUtvA4} Br. ; %{-sUya} MBh. &c. ; %{-su4tya} S3Br.), to beget, procreate, bring forth,
bear, produce, yield RV. &c. &c.: Pass. %{sUyate} (aor. %{asAvi}), to be begotten or
brought forth MBh. Ka1v. &c.: Caus. %{sAvayati} Gr.: Desid. %{-susUSati} ib.\\ 3 mfn.
begetting, procreating, bringing forth, producing (mostly ifc. ; see %{a-}, %{ambhaH-},
%{karNa-sU} &c.) ; m. one who begets, a father RV. VS. ; a mother RV. i, 32, 9 ; childbearing, parturition W. [Cf. Gk. $, $ ; Lat. {sus} ; Angl. Sax. &374185[1240,1] {su7} ;
Eng. {sow} ; Germ. {Sau}.]\\ 4 ind., Ved. and in some comp. = 5. %{su}, well, good &c.
(cf. %{sU-nara}, %{sU-nRta} &c.)
suuchanaa = suggestion
suuchi = (fem) needle, pointer
suuchikaa = (f) safety pin
suuchii = (f) (sewing) needle
suudana *= mf(%{A} or %{I})n. putting in order , guiding aright RV. AV. Paipp. ;
(generally ifc.) killing , destroying MBh. R. &c. ; n. the act of killing or slaying ,
destruction Hariv. ; the act of assenting or promising (= %{aGgI-karaNa}) L. ; the act of
ejecting or throwing away (= %{nikSepaNa}) L.

suukta = good words

suurya * = m. the sun or its deity (in the Veda the name Su1rya is generally
distinguished from Savitr2i [q.v.], and denotes the most concrete of the solar gods,
whose connection with the luminary is always present to the poet's mind [1243,2] ; in
Nir. vii, 5 he is regarded as one of the original Vedic triad, his place being in the sky,
while that of Agni is on the earth, and that of Indra is in the atmosphere ; ten hymns in
the RV. are entirely in praise of Su1rya, e. g. i, 50, i, 115 &c., also AV. xiii, 2 ; he moves
through the sky in a chariot drawn by seven ruddy horses or mares [see %{saptA7zva}, %
{harit}, %{harid-azva}] ; in the later mythology Su1rya is identified with Savitr2i as one
of the 12 A1dityas or emblems of the Sun in the 12 months of the year, and his sevenhorsed chariot is said to be driven by Arun2a or the Dawn as its charioteer, who is
represented without legs ; the Sun, whether named Su1rya or Vivasvat, has several wives
see %{sUryA} below) RV. &c. &c. (cf. IW. 11 ; 16 &c. RTL. 341) ; a symbolical expression
for the number `" twelve "' (in allusion to the sun in the 12 signs of the zodiac) Jyot. Hcat.
; the swallow-wort (either Calotropis or Asclepias Gigantea, = %{arka}) L. ; N. of the son
of Bali L. ; of a Da1nava VahniP. ; of an astronomer (= %{sUrya-dAsa}) Cat. ; epithet of
S3iva MBh. ; (%{A4}) f. the wife of Su1rya or the Sun (also called Sam2jn5a1, q.v.) ; the
daughter of Su1rya or the Sun (see RV. i, 116, 17 ; also described as daughter of
Praja1pati or of Savitr2i and wife of the As3vins, and in other places as married to Soma
; in RV. i, 119, 2 she is called U1rja1ni1, and in vi, 55, 4, vi, 58, 4 the sister of Pu1shan
[q.v.], who is described as loving her, and receiving her as a gift from the gods ; accord.
to some she represents a weak manifestation of the Sun ; Su1rya1 Sa1vitri1 is regarded as
the authoress of the Su1rya1-su7kta RV. x, 85) RV. AV. AitBr. Kaus3. ; = %{vAc} Naigh.
i, 11 ; = %{sUryA-sU7ktA} (q.v.) S3a1n3khGr2. ; a new bride ; a drug L. ; the colocynth
or bitter gourd L. ; mfn. solar (perhaps w.r. for %{saurya}) Jyot. [For cognate words see
under 2. %{sva4r}.]

suuta = the chariot driver

suutaputraH = Karna
suutra = a thread
suutrachakram.h = (n) spinning wheel, charkha
suutrikaa = (f) noodles
suutre = on a thread
suuyate = manifests
suurya = sun
suuryaH = the sun
suuryakaanta = Effulgent like Sun
suuryagrihe = in the home of sun(during the solar eclipse)
suurya\-namaskaara = the homage to the sun posture
suuryanaaraayaNa = used for addressing Sun
suuryavarchasvii = with the prowess and brilliance of sun

suuryashcha = sun + and

suuryaastaH = (m) sunset
suuryodayaH = (m) sunrise
suukshma = minute, extremely small, keen *= mf(%{A})n. (prob. connected with %
{sUci}, p. 1241, col. 1) minute, small, fine, thin, narrow, short, feeble, trifling,
insignificant, unimportant (with %{artha} m. `" a trifling matter "' ) Ya1jn5. MBh. &c. ;
acute, subtle, keen (understanding or mental operation ; %{am} ind.) Kat2hUp. R. &c. ;
nice, exact, precise Col. ; subtle, atomic, intangible Up. Sa1m2khyak. MBh. &c. ; m. a
partic. figure of rhetoric (`" the subtle expression of an intended act "') Cat. ; (with
S3aivas) one who has attained a certain grade of emancipation Hcat. ; a mystical N. of
the sound %{I} Up. ; N. of S3iva MBh. ; of a Da1nava ib. Hariv. ; m. or n. an atom,
intangible matter Sa1m2khyak. Sarvad. MBh. &c. ; the subtle all-pervading spirit,
Supreme Soul L. ; the Kataka or clearing-nut plant L. ; = %{kRtaka}, or %{kaitava} L. ;
(%{A}) f. sand L. ; small cardamoms L. ; N. of two plants (= %{yUthikA} or %{karuNI})
L. ; of one of the 9 S3aktis of Vishn2u L. ; (%{am}) n. the cavity or socket of a tooth
Vishn2. ; woven silk L. ; marrow L. ; the Veda7nta philosophy L.
suukshmatvaat.h = on account of being subtle
suukshmadarshakam.h = (n) microscope
suukshmashariira = the astral body
suuya * = n. extraction of the Soma-juice, libation, sacrifice (cf. {rAja-s-}) MBh.

suvaasas * = mfn. having beautbeautiful garments, well dressed RV. &c. &c.; well
feathered (as an arrow) MBh.
suyama * = mf({A})n. easy to be guided, tractable (as a horse &c.) RV. TBr.; easy to be
restrained or controlled or kept in order, well regulated RV. AV. VS.; m. pl. a partic.
class of gods BhP.; ({A}) f. the Priyangu plant L.
su-yaama4 * = mfn. binding or restraining well (as reins) RV.; m. N. of a Deva-putra
Lalit.; pl. a partic. class of gods MB
suvarNakaaraH = (m) goldsmith
suvipulaM = great, in bulk
suviruuDha = strongly
su-vrit-tattva = the principle of goodness
suvyavasthitaa = well organised
suGYaanaaya = (instr.S) thro'good knowledge
suta * = 1 mfn. impelled, urged S'Br.; allowed, authorized ib. \\ 2 mfn. pressed out,
extracted; m. (sg. and pl., once n. in ChUp. 12, 1) the expressed Soma. Juice, a Soma
libation RV. AV. S'Br. ChUp. BhP. \\3 mfn. begotten, brought forth; m. (ifc. f. {A}) a
son, child, offspring ({sutau} du. = `" son and daughter "') Mn. MBh. &c.; a king L.; N. of
the 5th astrological house VarBriS.; N. of a son of the 10th Manu Hariv.; ({A}) f. see
below.

sutaa * = f. (ifc. f. {A}) a daughter Mn. MBh. &c.; the plant Alhagi Maurorum L.
suucaka * =mf(%{ikA})n. pointing out, indicating, showing, designating MBh. Ka1v. &c.;
pointing to (acc.) Hariv.; informing, betraying, treacherous Car.; m. a denouncer,
informer Mn. MBh. &c.; (the following only in L.) the manager or chief actor of a
company; a narrator, teacher; the son of an A1yogava and a Kshatriya1; a Buddha; a
Siddha; demon, imp; villain, dog; jackal; cat; crow; needle; balustrade, parapet; kind of
rice.
suukshma * = mf({A})n. (prob. connected with {sUci}, p. 1241, col. 1) minute, small,
fine, thin, narrow, short, feeble, trifling, insignificant, unimportant (with {artha} m. `" a
trifling matter "' ) Yj. MBh. &c.; acute, subtle, keen (understanding or mental
operation; {am} ind.) KathhUp. R. &c.; nice, exact, precise Col.; subtle, atomic,
intangible Up. Snkhyak. MBh. &c.; m. a partic. figure of rhetoric (`" the subtle
expression of an intended act "') Cat.; (with S'aivas) one who has attained a certain grade
of emancipation Hcat.; a mystical N. of the sound {I} Up.; N. of S'iva MBh.; of a Dnava
ib. Hariv.; m. or n. an atom, intangible matter Snkhyak. Sarvad. MBh. &c.; the subtle
all-pervading spirit, Supreme Soul L.; the Kataka or clearing-nut plant L.; = {kRtaka}, or
{kaitava} L.; ({A}) f. sand L.; small cardamoms L.; N. of two plants (= {yUthikA} or
{karuNI}) L.; of one of the 9 S'aktis of Vishnu L.; ({am}) n. the cavity or socket of a tooth
Vishn.; woven silk L.; marrow L.; the Veda7nta philosophy L.
suunrita* = mf(%{A}) n. joyful, glad RV.; friendly, kind Mn. (iii, 150) MBh. &c.; pleasant
and true (in this sense supposed to be fr. 5. %{su} + %{Rta}) Ya1jn5. MBh. &c.; (%{A}), E
see below; (%{am}) n. joy, gladness, delight RV. AV.; (with Jainas) pleasant and true
speech (one of the five qualities belonging to right conduct) Sarvad.

suunritaa* = f. gladness, joy, exultation, song of joy, glee (instr. pl. `" joyfully "') RV. TS.
Pa1rGr2.; kindness, friendliness, kind and true speech Kat2hUp. MBh. &c. [1242,3];
truth (opp. to %{an-Rta}) personified as a goddess RV. AV. &c.; the wife of Dharma
BhP.; a daughter of Dharma and wife of Utta1na-pa1da Hariv. VP.; of an Apsaras L.
suuta * = 1 mfn. urged, impelled &c. (cf. 3. {sUta}, p. 1241, col. 2, 1. {suta}, and {nRSUta}). \\2 mfn. (for 3. see p. 1241, col. 2) born, engendered (see {su-SUta}); one that
has, brought forth (young) Mn. VarBriS.; m. quicksilver S'rngS. Sarvad.; the sun W.;
({A}) f. a woman who has given birth to a child MW.; a young quadruped L.; w.r. for
{sutA} Pacat. iii, 192/193. \\ 3 m. (of doubtful derivation, prob. to be connected with 1.
{sU}; for 1. 2. {sUta} see pp. 1239 and 1240) a charioteer, driver, groom, equerry,
master of the horse (esp. an attendant on a king who in earlier literature is often
mentioned together with the {grAma-NI4}; in the epics also a royal herald or bard,
whose business was to proclaim the heroic actions of the king and his ancestors, while he
drove his chariot to battle, or on state occasions, and who had therefore to know by heart
portions of the epic poems and ancient ballads; he is the son of a Kshatriya by a
Brhman or of a Brhman [accord. to S's'vata also of a S'dra] and a Kshatriy; the
most celebrated S'ta was Loma-harshana who was a pupil of Vysa) AV. &c. &c. (IW.
510 n.); a carpenter or wheelwright L.; N. of a son of Vis'vmitra MBh.; ({yA}) f. g.
{krauDy-Adi}; ({I}) f. the wife of a Sta MW.; a female bard ib.
suutra* = n. (accord. to g. {ardhacA7di} also m.; fr. {siv}, `" to sew "', and connected
with {sUci} and {sUnA}) a thread, yarn, string, line, cord, wire AV. &c. &c.; a measuring
line (cf. {-pAta}) Hariv. VarBriS. &c.; the sacred thread or cord worn by the first three
classes (cf. {yajJo7pavIta}) BhP.; a girdle ib.; a fibre Klid.; a line, stroke MBh. VarBriS.
Gol.; a sketch, plan Rjat.; that which like a thread runs through or holds together
everything, rule, direction BhP.; a short sentence or aphoristic rule, and any work or

manual consisting of strings of such rules hanging together like threads (these Stra
works form manuals of teaching in ritual, philosophy, grammar &c.: e.g. in ritual there
are first the S'rauta-su7tras, and among them the Kalpa-su7tras, founded directly on
S'ruti q.v.; they form a kind of rubric to Vedic ceremonial, giving concise rules for the
performance of every kind of sacrifice [IW. 146 &c.]; other kinds of SS'ruti works are
the Griihya-stras and Smaycrika or Dharma-stras i.e. `" rules for domestic
ceremonies and conventional customs "', sometimes called collectively Smrta-stras [as
founded on {smRti} or `" tradition "' see {smArta}]; these led to the later
DharmaS'stras or `" law-books "' [IW. 145]; in philosophy each system has its regular
text-book of aphorisms written in Stras by its supposed founder [IW. 60 &c.]; in
Vykarana or grammar there are the celebrated Stras of Pnini in eight books, which
are the groundwork of a vast grammatical literature; with Buddhists, Ps'upatas &c. the
term Stra is applied to original text books as opp. to explanatory works; with Jainas
they form part of the Driishthivda) IW. 162 &c.; a kind of tree DivyA7v.
suunrita* = mf({A}) n. joyful, glad RV.; friendly, kind Mn. (iii, 150) MBh. &c.; pleasant
and true (in this sense supposed to be fr. 5. {su} + {Rta}) Yj. MBh. &c.; ({A}), E see
below; ({am}) n. joy, gladness, delight RV. AV.; (with Jainas) pleasant and true speech
(one of the five qualities belonging to right conduct) Sarvad.
suunritaa* = f. gladness, joy, exultation, song of joy, glee (instr. pl. `" joyfully "') RV. TS.
PrGri.; kindness, friendliness, kind and true speech KathhUp. MBh. &c. [1242, 3]; truth
(opp. to {an-Rta}) personified as a goddess RV. AV. &c.; the wife of Dharma BhP.; a
daughter of Dharma and wife of Uttna-pda Hariv. VP.; of an Apsaras L.
sva* = 1 mf({A4})n. own, one's own, my own, thy own, his own, her own, our own, their
own &c. (referring to all three persons accord. to context, often ibc., but generally

declinable like the pronominal {sarva} e.g. {svasmai} dat. {svasmAt} abl. [optionally in
abl. loc. sing. nom. pl. e.g. {taM svAd AsyAd asRjat}, `" he created him from his own
mouth "' Mn. i, 94]; and always like s'iva when used substantively [see below];
sometimes used loosely for `" my "', `" thy "', `" his "', `" our "' [e.g. {rAjA bhrAtaraM
sva-grIham pre7SayAm-Asa}, `" the king sent his brother to his (i.e. the brother's) house
"']; in the oblique cases it is used as a reflexive pronoun = {Atman}, e.g. {svaM
dUSayati}, `" he defiles himself "'; {svaM nindanti}, `" they blame themselves "') RV. &c.
&c.; m. one's self, the Ego, the human soul W.; N. of Vishnu MBh.; a man of one's own
people or tribe, a kinsman, relative, relation, friend ({svAH}, `" one's own relations "', `"
one's own people "') AV. &c. &c.; ({A}) f. a woman of one's own caste MBh.; ({am}) n.
(ifc. f. {A}), one's self, the Ego (e.g. {svaM ca brahma ca}, `" the Ego and Brahman "');
one's own goods, property, wealth, riches (in this sense said to be also m.) RV. &c. &c.;
the second astrological mansion VarBriS.; (in alg.) plus or the affirmative quantity W.
[Cf. Gk. $; Lat. {se}, {sovos}, {suus}; &385055[1275,1] Goth. {sik}; Germ. {sich} &c.] (N.
B. in the following comp. {o} own stands for one's own).
sva* = 2 Nom. P. {svati} (pf. {svAm-Asa}) = {sva ivA7carati}, he acts like himself or his
kindred Vop. xxi, 7.
svaa* = in comp. for {svar}. -2.
svaabhaava * = m. own non-existence Nlak.
svaabhaavika mf(%{I})n. (fr. %{svabhAva}) belonging to or arising from one's own
nature, natural, native, spontaneous, original, peculiar, inherent (%{-tva} n.) Up. MBh.
&c. ; m. pl. N. of a Buddhistic school (cf. Buddhac. ix, 48 ; 51).

svaabhaaviketara mf(%{A})n. not natural or inherent Sa1h.

svaagatakaxaH = (m) drawing room
svaada = (m) taste
svaadate = (1 ap) to taste
svaadishhTaH = (m) delicious, tasty
svaadu = sweet
svaadhiina = dependent on the self
svaadhyaaya = self-study
svaadhyaayaH = study of Vedic literature
svaadhyaaya* = m. reciting or repeating or rehearsing to oone's self, repetition or
recitation of the Veda in a low voice to oone's self S'Br. &c. &c.; repeating the VVeda
aloud (acc. with caus. of 1. {zru}, `" to cause the VVeda to be repeated aloud "') Mn. iii,
232; recitation or perusal of any sacred texts W.; the Veda L.; a day on which sacred
recitation is resumed after its suspension MW.; N. of wk.; mfn. studying the VVeda ({tama}, perhaps w.r. for {svA7dhyAyi-t-}) DivyA7v.; {-dhRk} mfn. one who repeats or
recites the VVeda past.; {-brAhmaNa} n. N. of ch. in the Taittiriya7ranyaka; {-vat}
mfn. (= {-dhRk}) Yj. MBh. Hariv.; m. a repeater or student of the VVeda W.; {yAyA7rthin} m. one who seeks a maintenance for himself during his studentship Mn.xi,
1. 2.

svaadhyaaya* = Nom. P. {-yAyati}, to study, recite, read to (acc.) DivyA7v. SaddhP.

svaadhyaayaanmaa = sva + adhyAyAt.h + mA:fromone's learning + dot
svaaM = of Myself
svaami = master* = in comp. for {svAmin}.
svaamii = the master
svaamin* = (Hit.) m. lion or lord among bbird "'N. of Garuda. [574,2]\\ see p. 1284,
col. 1. \\ m. (fr. 1. {sva} + {min}) an owner, proprietor, master, lord or owner of (gen.
loc., or comp.) Mn. MBh. &c.; a chief, commander (of an army) Vikr. Subh.; a husband,
lover (du. `" husband and wife "') past. Mn. MBh. &c.; a king, prince (in dram. used as
a form of address = {deva}); a spiritual preceptor, learned Brhman or Pandit (used as a
title at the end of names, esp. of natives of the Carnatic); the image or temple of a god
(often ifc.; see {zrIdhara-}, {viSNu-sv-} &c.); N. of Skanda Yj. i, 293; of Vishnu L.; of
S'iva L.; of Garuda L.; of the Muni Vtsyyana L.; of the 11th Arhat of the past Utsarpin
L.; of various authors (also with {mizra} and {zAstrin}; sometimes abridged from names
ending in {svAmin} e.g. for {kSIra-} and {zabara-svAmin}) Cat.; ({inI}) f. see next.
svaana m. (cf. 3. %{su}, p. 1219) sounding, making a noise, rattling (as a chariot),
Panting (as a horse) RV.; m. sound, noise, rattle ib.; twang (of a bowstring) S3is3.; N. of
one of the seven guardians of Soma VS.
svaapa = (m) sleep
svaaraajya = `self-rule', i.e., not being subordinate someone else

svaartha = one's own ends* = m. oone's own affair or cause, personal matter or
advantage, self-interest, oone's own aim or object (also pl.) MaitrUp. MBh. R. &c.;
oone's own property or substance MW.; own or original meaning Sh. Veda7ntas.
TPrt. Sch.; similar meaning (prob. for {sA7rtha}), a pleonasm MW.; = {liGgA7rthavizeSa} L.; mf({A})n. directed to oone's self egoistical ({-tA} f.) Kum. Tarkas. &c.;
adapted to (its) purpose Car.; having one's object, expressing (its) own inherent or true
meaning, havhaving a natural or literal meaning, havhaving a similar mmerits (=
{sA7rtha}), pleonastic MW.; ({am} or {e}) ind. on oone's own account, for oone's self
Kv. Kaths. KapS. &c.; {-paNDita} mfn. clever in oone's own affairs MBh.; {-para}
mfn. intent on oone's own advantage, self-interested S'is'. ({-tA} f. `" selfishness "'
MW.); {-parA7yaNa} mfn. id. MW.; {-prayatna} m. a self-interested project Ratna7v.; {bhAj} mfn. managing one's own affairs HParis'.; {-bhraMzin} mfn. ruinous to oone's
own interests Pacat.; {-lipsu} mfn. wishing to gain oone's own object, self-seeking
MW.; {-vighAta} m. frustration of one's object ib.; {-sAdhaka} mfn. effective of or
promoting one's own object Cn. BhP. Nir.; {-sAdhana} n. accomplishment of one's own
object or desire Mn. Rjat.; ({-na}) {-tatpara} mfn. intent upon it Mn. iv, 196; {-siddhi} f.
(= {sAdhana}) Rjat.; {-thA7numAna} n. `" inference for oone's self "', (in log.) a
partic. process of induction MW.; {-the74t} mfn. attending to one's own affairs TS.; {tho7papatti} f. the gaining oone's own object Ragh.
svaarthii = adj. self-centered
s'vaasa * = m. hissing, snorting, panting R. Katha1s. BhP.; respiration, breath (also as a
measure of time = %{prA7Na}, %{asu}) MBh. Ka1v. &c.; breathing or aspiration (in the
pronunciation of consonants) RPra1t., Introd.; inspiration Sarvad.; sighing, a sigh S3ak.
Sa1h.; affection of the breath, hard breathing, asthma (of which there are five kinds, viz.
%{kSudra}, %{tamaka}, %{chinna}, %{mahat}, and %{Urdhva}) Sus3r.; (%{A}) f. N. of

the mother of S3vasana (the god of wind) MBh.; Convolvulus Turpethum L.; %{-karmaprakAza} m. N. of wk.
svaas'ishaatman * = mfn. (%{AziSA} instr. of %{Azis}) thinking only of oone's own
wishes BhP
svaati = The fifteenth nakshatra. Can be spelt Svati
svaayatta = dependent only one onself
sva = Self
svabhaava = nature, personal mental attributes, habit, existence* = m. (ifc. f. {A}) native
place Vishn.; own condition or state of being, natural state or constitution, innate or
inherent disposition, nature, impulse, spontaneity; ({-vAt} or {-vena} or {-va-tas} or
ibc.), from natural disposition, by nature, naturally, by oone's self, spontaneously)
S'vetUp. Mn. MBh. &c.; {-kRta} mfn. done by nature, natural VarBriS.; {-kRpaNa} m. `"
naturally mean "'N. of a Brhman Pacat.; {-ja} mfn. produced by natural disposition,
innate, natural R. Sh. &c.; {-janita} mfn. id. Kv.; {-tas} ind. see above; {-tA} f.
(Jtakam.) or {-tva} n. (TPrt. Sch.) the state of innate disposition or nature; {daurjanya} n. natural or innate wickedness W.; {-dveSa} m. natural hatred L.; {prabhava} mfn. (= {-ja} above) VarBriS.; {-bhAva} m. natural disposition Pacat.; {vAda} m. the doctrine that the universe was produced and is sustained by the natural and
necessary action of substances according to their inherent properties MW. [1276, 2]; {vAdin} m. one who maintains the above doctrine ib.; {-zUra} mfn. possessing natural
heroes (others, `" valiant by nature "') Hit.; {-siddha} mfn. established by nature,
natural, imiate s'vS'r. Bhartri.; self-evident, obvious Ks'.; {-vA7rtha-dIpikA} f. N. of

Comm.; {-vo7kta} mfn. said or declared spontaneously Yj. Sch.; {-vo7kti} f. statement
of the exact nature (of anything), accurate description of the properties (of things)
Kvya7d. Pratp. &c.; spontaneous declaration A.; {-vo7nnata-bhAva} mfn. highminded by nature ({-tva} n.) Hariv.
svabhaavaH = characteristics
svabhaavajaM = born of his own nature
svabhaavajaa = according to his mode of material nature
svabhaavajena = born of your own nature
svabhaavaniyataM = prescribed according to one's nature
svabhAvikI (prob.) w.r. for %{svAbhAvikaM} Cat.
svachakshushhaa = your own eyes
svachchha = pure
svacchanda *= m. one's own or free will,one's own choice of fancy (ibc., %{-dAt}, %{dena}, or %{-da-tas}, `" at one's own will or pleasure "', `" spontaneously "', `"
independently "', `" freely "') Up. MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; N. of wk. ; mf(%{A})n. following one's
own will, acting at pleasure, independent, uncontrolled, spontaneous (%{am} ind.)
Ya1jn5. Ka1v. VarBr2S. &c. ; uncultivated, wild W. ; m. N. of Skanda AV. Paris3. ; %{cara} mf(%{A})n. moving about at will, independent R. ; %{-cArin} mfn. id. Kuval.
S3a1rn3gP. &c. ; (%{iNI}) f. an independent woman Ka1d. a harlot MW. ; %{-tantra} n.

%{-tantra-rAja} m. N. of wks. ; %{-tas} ind. at will or pleasure, spontaneously MBh. ; %{tA} f. independent action, uncontrolled behaviour Ka1d. ; %{-naya} m. N. of wk. ; %{nAyaka} m. a partic. Rasa Rase7ndrac. ; %{-paddhati} f. %{-bhaTTA-raka-bRhat-pUjApattrikA-vidhi} m. %{-bhairava} m. N. of wks. ; %{-bhairava-rasa} m. a partic. Rasa
Rase7ndrac. ; %{-maraNa} n. dying at one's own will (a faculty bestowed on Bhishma)
MBh. R. ; %{-mRtyuka} mfn. having death in one's own power MBh. ; %{-vana-jAta}
mfn. growing spontaneously or wild in a forest Hit. ; %{-zAktA7gama} m. %{-saMgraha}
m. %{-sAra-saMgraha} m. %{-cchando7ddyota} m. N. of wks.
svachchha.ndii = adj. self-absorbed
svadesha = one's own country
svadhaa* = f. (for {svadhA4} see p. 1280) self-position, self-power, inherent power
(accord. to someN. of Nature or the material Universe; {sva-dha4yA} `" by self-power "')
RV.; own state or condition or nature, habitual state, custom, rule, law RV.; ease,
comfort, pleasure ({a4nu svadhA4m}, {svadhA4m a4nu} or {svadhA4 a4nu},
{svadha4yA}, or {svadhA4bhiH}, `" according to one's habit or pleasure, spontaneously,
willingly, easily, freely, undisturbedly, wantonly, sportively "') RV. AV. VS. TBr.; own
place, home ({svadhe4} du. `" the two places or homes "', heaven and earth Naigh. iii,
30) ib.; `" own portion or share "', the sacrificial offering due to each god, (esp.) the food
or libation, or refreshing drink (cf. 2. {su-dhA}) offered to the Pitriis or spirits of
deceased ancestors (consisting of clarified butter &c. and often only a remainder of the
Havis; also applied to other oblations or libations, and personified as a daughter of
Daksha and wife of the Pitriis or of Angiras or of a Rudra or of Agni) RV. &c. &c.; ({dha4}) ind. (with dat. or gen.) the exclamation or benediction used on presenting (or as a
substitute for) the above oblation or libation to the gods or departed ancestors (accord. to

Mn. iii, 252 the highest form of benediction at a S'rddha; with {kR}, `" to pronounce the
exclamation or benediction {sva-dhA} "'; {svadhA7stu}, `" let there be a blessing on it "'
[cf. RTL. 104, n. 1]) RV. &c. &c.
svadhaa* = f. (for {sva-dhA} see p. 1278, col. 1) an axe, knife TS.
svaahaa* = ind. (prob. fr. 5. {su} and {ah}; cf. {dur-AhA}) hail! hail to! may a blessing
rest on! (with dat.; an exclamation used in making oblations to the gods; with {kR} [ind.
p. {-kA4ram}, or {-kRtya}] and acc. `" to pronounce the exclamation Svh over "') RV.
&c. &c.; f. an oblation (offered to Agni, Indra &c.) or Oblation personified (as a daughter
of Daksha and wife of Agni; she is thought to preside over burnt-offerings; her body is
said to consist of the four Vedas, and her limbs are the six Angas or members of the
Veda; she is represented also as a wife of the Rudra Pas'u-pati) RV. &c. &c.
svadharmaM = your religious duty
svadharmaH = one's prescribed duties
svadharme = in one's prescribed duties
svadhaa = oblation
svah= svar *=1 (= %{sur}) cl. 10. P. %{svarayati}, to find fault, blame, censure Dha1tup.
xxxv, 11.// 2 (prob. = a lost %{sur}; cf. %{svR}) cl. 1. P. %{svarati}, Caus. %{svarayati},
to shine.// svar // 4 (in Yajur-veda also %{su4var}) ind. (used in Veda as nom acc. loc.,
or gen., in Naish. vi, 99 also as abl.; from the weak base %{sU4r} the RV. forms the gen.
%{sU4ras} and the dat. %{sUre4} [iv, 3, 8]), the sun, sunshine, light, lustre RV. AV. VS.
[1281,2]; bright space or sky, heaven (as distinguished from %{div}, which is regarded as

the vault above it; often `" heaven "' as a paradise and as the abode of the gods and the
Blest, in AV. also of the Asuras; %{svaH@prayAtaH}, `" gone to heaven "' i.e. `"
departed this life "') RV. &c. &c.; the space above the sun or between the sun and the
polar star, the region of the planets and constellations (regarded as the 3rd of the 7
worlds [see %{loka}] and the 3rd of the three Vya1hr2itis [i.e. %
{bhu4r@bhu4vaH@sva4H}]; %{svar} is pronounced after %{om} and before the
Ga1yatri1 by every Bra1hman on beginning his daily prayers) Mn. MBh. &c.; water
Naigh. i, 12; N. of S3iva MBh. [Cf. Gk. $; Lat. {sol}; &386838[1281,2] Lith. {sa4ule};
Goth. {sauil}; Angl. Sax. {so7l}.]
svaira *= mf(%{A})n. (prob. fr. %{sva} + %{Ira}, `" going, moving "') going where one
likes, doing what one likes, self-willed, wilful, independent, unrestrained L.; walking
slowly or cautiously Ka1v.; voluntary, optional MW.; (%{am}) n. wilfulness ib.; (%{am})
ind. according to one's own inclination or will or pleasure, of one's own accord, freely,
unconstrainedly, easily, spontaneously, at random Vas. MBh. Ka1v. &c., slowly, softly,
gently, cautiously Ka1v. Katha1s. &c.; unreservedly, confidingly ib.; (%{eNa}) ind. at will,
at random R. BhP.; (%{eSu}) ind. in optional or indifferent matters MBh. R.
svairin *= mfn. going where one likes, free, independent, unrestrained (esp. said of
unchaste women) ChUp. MBh. &c. ; (%{iNI}) f. a bat L.
svajanaM = kinsmen
svakaM = His own
svakarma = in his own duty

svakarmaNaa = by his own duties

svakshetra = Planet in its own sign
svaliilayaa = sva+lIlaya, through one's play-like action
svalpa = little
svalpaM = a little
svaM = own
svamatipariNaamaavadhi = according to one's intellectual capacity
svana *= m. (ifc. f. %{U}) sound, noise (in the older language applied to the roar of
wind, thunder, water &c.; in later llanguage to the song of birds, speech, and sound of
any kind cf. Naigh. i, 11) RV. &c. &c.; a partic. Agni MBh.; (%{sva4na}), roaring water
VS. TBr.; mfn. ill-sounding L.
svanushhThitaat.h = perfectly done
svapaksha *= m. one's own wings Katha1s. ; one's own party MBh. Ma1lav. Pan5cat. &c.
; a man of one's own party , friend (also pl.) MBh. Sus3r. BhP. ; one's own opinion or
assertion Katha1s. Madhus.
svapan.h = dreaming
svapati = (2pp) to sleep

svapna = dream *= m. (once in R. n. ifc. f. %{A} ; for %{sv-apna} see p. 1281, col. 1)
sleep, sleeping RV. &c. &c. ; sleepiness, drowsiness Caurap. ; sleeping too much, sloth,
indolence Mn. ix, 13 ; xii, 33 ; dreaming, a dream (acc. with %{dRz}, `" to see a vision,
dream "' RV. &c. &c.
svapnaM = dreaming
svapnaH = dreaming
svapnashiilasya = of one who sleeps
svapnaavabodhasya = sleep and wakefulness
svapnaavasthaa = the state of the mind in a dream
svapne = in dream
svar (svaha)* = 1 (= {sur}) cl. 10. P. {svarayati}, to find fault, blame, censure Dhtup.
xxxv, 11. \\* =2 (prob. = a lost {sur}; cf. {svR}) cl. 1. P. {svarati}, Caus. {svarayati}, to
shine.\\ * =4 (in Yajur-veda also {su4var}) ind. (used in Veda as nom acc. loc., or gen.,
in Naish. vi, 99 also as abl.; from the weak base {sU4r} the RV. forms the gen. {sU4ras}
and the dat. {sUre4} [iv, 3, 8]), the sun, sunshine, light, lustre RV. AV. VS. [1281,2];
bright space or sky, heaven (as distinguished from {div}, which is regarded as the vault
above it; often `" heaven "' as a paradise and as the abode of the gods and the Blest, in
AV. also of the Asuras; {svaH prayAtaH}, `" gone to heaven "' i.e. `" departed this life "')
RV. &c. &c.; the space above the sun or between the sun and the polar star, the region of
the planets and constellations (regarded as the 3rd of the 7 worlds [see {loka}] and the
3rd of the three Vyhriitis [i.e. {bhu4r bhu4vaH sva4H}]; {svar} is pronounced after

{om} and before the Gyatr by every Brhman on beginning his daily prayers) Mn. MBh.
&c.; water Naigh. i, 12; N. of S'iva MBh. [Cf. Gk. $; Lat. {sol}; &386838[1281,2] Lith.
{sa4ule}; Goth. {sauil}; Angl. Sax. {so7l}.]
svara = sound
svara* = or m. (ifc. f. {A}) sound, noise RV. &c. &c.
svara* = m. (ifc. f. {A}) sound, noise RV. &c. &c.; voice Mn. MBh. &c.; tone in recitation
&c. (either high or low), accent (of which there are three kinds, {udAtta}, {anudAtta} qq.
vv., and {svarita}, col. 3), a note of the musical scale (of which seven [rarely six or eight]
are enumerated, 1. {niSAda}; 2. {RSabha}; 3. {gAndhAra}; 4. {SaDja}; 5. {madhyama};
6. {dhaivata}; 7. {paJcama} [described as resembling respectively the notes of an
elephant, bull, goat, peacock, curlew or heron, horse, and Koil [1285, 2]; and designated
by their initial letters or syllables thus, {ni}; {R}; {ga}; {Sa}; {ma}; {dha}; {pa}], but the
order is sometimes changed, {Sadja} being placed first, and {niSAda} last) Prt. S'rS.
Sangt. MBh. &c.; a symbolical expression for the number `" seven "' VarBriS.; a vowel
(either {dIrgha}, `" long "'; or {hrasva}, `" short "'; or {pluta}, `" prolated "') Prt. S'rS.
MBh. &c.; air breathed through the nostrils ChUp.; N. of Vishnu Vishn.; ({A}) f. N. of the
chief wife of Brahm L.; ({am}) n. a musical note Sy. on RV. x, 146, 2; N. of various
Smans rshBr.
svarbhaaNu *= m. = %{-bhAnu} i.e. Ra1hu HParis3.\\ (%{svA7r-}) m. N. of a demon
supposed to eclipse the sun and the moon (in later language applied to Ra1hu or the
personified ascending node) RV. &c. &c. ; of a Kas3yapa VP. ; of a son of Kr2ishn2a BhP.
; %{-sUdana} m. `" destroyer of Ra1hu "'N. of the Sun MBh.

svarloka* = m. the world of hheaven, a partic. hheaven, the region called Svar (cf.
{bhuvar-}, {bhUr-l-}) R. Pur.; N. of mount Meru (also {-zikhara}) Das'.; m. an occupant
of hheaven, a god, one of the Blest ({-tA} f.) BhP.
svaahaa* = ind. (prob. fr. 5. {su} and {ah}; cf. {dur-AhA}) hail! hail to! may a blessing
rest on! (with dat.; an exclamation used in making oblations to the gods; with {kR} [ind.
p. {-kA4ram}, or {-kRtya}] and acc. `" to pronounce the exclamation Svh over "') RV.
&c. &c.; f. an oblation (offered to Agni, Indra &c.) or Oblation personified (as a daughter
of Daksha and wife of Agni; she is thought to preside over burnt-offerings; her body is
said to consist of the four Vedas, and her limbs are the six Angas or members of the
Veda; she is represented also as a wife of the Rudra Pas'u-pati) RV. &c. &c.
svaara* = m. sound, noise (of a snorting horse) RV.; tone, accent RPrt.; the Svarita
accent TPrt.; mfn. relating to sound or accent MW.; having the Svarita accent; n. a
Sman ending with the Svarita accent VS. PacavBr. Lthy.
s'van* = 1 m. (nom. sg. du. pl. {zvA}, {zvAnau}, {zvAnas}; weakest base {zun} cf. 2.
{zuna} &c., p. 1082; in some comp. {zvA} for {zva} cf. below), a dog, hound, cur RV. &c.
&c.; ({zunI4}) f. a female dog. [Cf. Zd. {sp}; Gk. $; Lat. {canis}; Lit. {szu4}; Goth.
{hunds}; Eng. {hound}; Germ. {Hund}.]\\ 2 (prob. fr. {zvi}) in {Rji4-}, {durgR4bhi-},
and {mAtari4-zvan}, qq. vv
svaruupa = one's true nature
svaruupaM = form
svarga = heaven

svargaM = to heaven
svargatiM = passage to heaven
svargaparaaH = aiming to achieve heavenly planets
svargalokaM = heaven
svargaat.h = (Masc.abl.S)heaven
svarge = in heaven
svargepsu * = mfn. desirous of obtaining hheaven MW.
svarna= gold
svartha* = mf({A})n. pursuing or serving worthy ends RV.
svaruupa* = n. (ifc. f. {A}) oone's own form or shape, the ffrom or shshape of (gen.
or comp.; with or without {zabdasya} or {zabda-sva-r-}, `" a word itself or in its own
form "' [opp. to its synonyms or varieties]; with {nAmnAm} = `" names themselves "')
MBh. Pacat. BhP. &c. [1276, 3]; own condition, peculiarity, character, nature ({eNa} or
ibc., `" by nature "', `" in reality "' `" by itself "') RPrt. NriisUp. Mn. &c.; peculiar aim
W.; kind, sort ib.; a partic. relation (in phil. see under {sambandha}) MW.; occurrence,
event Campak. Uttamac. Sinha7s.; mfn. having oone's own peculiar form or character
MW.; having a like nature or charcharacter, similar, like, S'nkhyak. (w.r. for {sa-r-});
pleasing, handsome (for {sa-r-}) L.; wise, learned L.; m. N. of a Daitya MBh.; of a son of
Su-nand MrkP.; of a pupil of Caitanya W.; m. or n. N. of a place Cat.; ({A}) f. N. of a

place MW.; {-gata} mfn. endowed with oone's own form or nature, having a like
character W.; {-tas} ind. in oone's own form BhP.; according to oone's own fform,
analogously, similarly, identically MW.; by nature, in reality, by itself MrkP.; ({-to},
{godAna-prayogaH}N. of wk.); {-tA} f. (or {-tva} n.) the state of oone's own form or
nature ({-tayA}, `" literally "', `" in reality "') MBh. BhP. S'ak. Sch. Sh.; the having a
natural form, identity of form or nature W.; w.r. for {su-rUpa-tA} Rjat.; {-dhArin} mfn.
having one's own form MBh.; {-nirUpaNa} n. {-nirNaya} m. {-prakAza} m. N. of wks.; {bhAva} m. (a short word) whose essence is of the same efficacy (as that of the full form)
Mn. ii, 124; {-vat} mfn. having the form of (comp.) MBh.; {-sambandha-rUpa} n. {sambodhana} n. {-sambodhana-paJca-viMzati-vRtti} f. {--rUpA7khya-stotra} n. N. of
wks.; {--rUpA7cArya} m. N. of a teacher Cat.; {--rUpA7nusaMdhAna} n. {-rUpA7nusaMdhAna-stotra} n. N. of wks.; {--rUpA7siddhi} f. a form of non-proof (where
the quality alleged to belong to a subject is not really proved) Tarkas.; {-rUpo7tpre7kSA} f. a kind of simile Sh. Kuval.; {--rUpo7paniSad} f. N. of an Upanishad.
svasa.nvedana = the understanding of oneself
svasaH = (f) sister
svastha* = mf(%{A})n. self-abiding, being in oone's self (or `" in the self "' Sarvad.),
being in one's natural state, being oone's self uninjured, unmolested, contented, doing
well, sound well, healthy (in body and mind; often v.l. for %{su-stha}), comfortable, at
ease (compar. %{-tara}) MaitrUp. &c. &c.; relying upon one's self, confident, resolute,
composed W.; self-sufficient, independent ib.; (%{am}) ind. composedly MW.; %{-citta}
mfn. sound in mind Ja1takam.; %{-tA} f. well-being, health, ease Pan5cat. HYog.; %{vRtta} n. medical treatment of a healthy person Car.; %{-thA7riSTa} n. a death-token in
a healthy person, As3vav.

svasti = all peace * i n. f. (nom. {svasti4}, {-ti4s}; acc. {svasti4}, {-ti4m}; instr. {svasti4},
{-tyA4}; dat. {svasta4ye}; loc. {svastau4}; instr. {svasti4bhis}; also personified as a
goddess, and sometimes as Kal cf. {svasti-devI}), well-being, fortune, luck, success,
prosperity RV. VS. S'Br. MBh. R. BhP.; ({i4}) ind. well, happily, successfully (also = `"
may it be well with thee! hail! health! adieu! be it! "' a term of salutation [esp. in the
beginning of letters] or of sanction or approbation) RV. &c. &c
svastikaasana = the prosperous posture
svastinastaarkshyo = let tArkshya or Garuda do good to us
svastirno = good to us
svasthaH = being situated in himself
svasthaiH = by healthy persons (ie, healthy in minds, their minds being well
svastimat *= mfn. being or faring well , happy , fortunate RV. &c. &c. ; conferring
happiness RV. ; containing the word %{svasti} AitBr. ; (%{atI}) f. N. of one of the
Ma1tr2is attending on Skanda MBh.
svasyaH = by his own
svata.ntra = Free
svataa *= f. the state of belonging to one's self, ownership (%{-tAm@pazyati}, `" he
thinks it belongs to him "' ; %{rAja-svatAm@upapadyate}, `" it accrues to the king's
ownership "') S3ak. ; = %{-tva} MW.

svatas *= ind. = %{svasmAt} (e.g. %{svato@'MzAt}, `" from oone's own share "' ; %
{rakSer@apacAraM@tvaM@svato@vA@parato@'pi@vA}, `" ward off injury from
thyself and from others "') Mn. Katha1s. ; of oone's own self, of oone's own accord
(applicable to all three persons) MBh. Ragh. Katha1s. &c. ; by nature Katha1s. ; out of
(their) own estate Mn. viii, 166 ; (%{ca@svataH} w.r. for %{zAzvataH} Pan5cat. iii, 96) ;
%{-tahpramANa} mfn. self-proved, self-evident Sarvad. ; %{-taH-siddha} mfn. sselfaccomplished MW. ; sself-proved, sself-demonstrated ib. ; %{-tas-tva} n. the being
sself-proved Sarvad.
svatantra *= n. self-dependence, independence, self-will, freedom Pan5cat. Hit. ;
oone's own system or school Sus3r. ; oone's own army ib. ; (with Buddh.) a partic.
doctrine of free-will or independence Buddh. ; N. of wk. (also called %{-tra-tantra}) ;
mf(%{A}) n. self-dependent, self-willed, independent, free, uncontrolled (with %{pada}
n. `" an indindependent word "') La1t2y. Up. Mn. &c. ; of age, full grown W. ; m. N. of a
Cakra-va1ka Hariv. ; %{-tantra} n. see above ; %{-tA} f. self-dependence, independence,
freedom Mn. MBh. Katha1s. Ma1rkP. ; originality Cat. ; wilfulness W. ; %{mukha@mardana} n. %{-lekhana} n. N. of wks. ; %{-vRtti} f. acting self-reliantly,
independent action L. ; %{-sAra}N. of wk.
svatejasaa = by Your radiance
svayaM = herself
svayaMprakaashita = self-illumined like stars(Sun)
svayaa = by their ownsvahastaH = Signature

svin * = see {zata-svin} and {zrotra-svin}. [1279,1]

sviiya * = s mf({A})n. relating or belonging to one's self, own, proper, peculiar,
characteristic Kv. Pur. &c.; m. (pl.) one's own people or kindred ib.; ({A}) f. `" one's
own wife "', a wife solely attached to her husband Sh.
svita * = s n. = {suvita}, welfare, luck VS.
svishthi * = s f. a successful sacrifice AV. TS. Kaus'.; mfn. sacrificing well or with success
MBh.
svI * = s in comp. for 1. {sva}.
svikaa * = s see under {svaka}, p. 1278.
svI * = s {svI-karaNa} &c. see p. 1219. col. 1.
svid * = s1 ind. (prob. fr. 5. {su} + {id}; cf. {kuvid}) a particle of interrogation or inquiry
or doubt, often translatable by `" do you think? "' `" perhaps "', `" pray "', `" indeed "', `"
any "' (esp. used after the interrogative {ka} and its derivatives e.g. {kaH svid eSAm
brAhmaNAnAm anucAna-tamaH}, `" pray who [or `" who do you think "'] is the most
learned of these Brahmans? "' S'Br.; but also without another interrogative e.g. {tvaM
svin no yAjJavalkya brakmiSTho 'si}, `" do you think Yjavalkya, you are the greatest
Brhman among us? "' ib.; also used after {uta}, {api}, {Aho}, and {utA7ho}, and
disjunctively in the first or second or both parts of a double interrogation, thus: {kiMnusvid}; {kiMsvid-svid}; {svid-svid}; {svid-utA7ho}; {nu-svid}; {svid-nu}; {svid-uta}; {svidvA}; {svid-kimu}; {svid-kim-nukim}; sometimes making a preceding interrogative
indefinite e.g. {kva4 svid}, `" anywhere "'; {ka4H svid}, `" whoever "', `" any one "';

similarly with {yad} e.g. {yad svid dIyate}, `" whatever is given "' MaitrS.; sometimes
apparently a mere expletive) RV. &c. &c.
svid * = 2 cl. 1. . 4. P. (Dhtup. xviii, 4; xxvi, 79) {svedate} or {svidyati} (. {svidyate}
Yj.; p. {svidyamAna} Sus'r.; pf. {siSveda} Gr.; {siSvide} MBh.; p. {siSvidAna4} RV.;
aor. {asvidat} S'is'.; fut. {svettA}, {svetsyati} Gr.; ind. p. {-svedam} Br.), to sweat,
perspire Aitr. ChUp. KtyS'r. MBh. &c.; ({svedate}), to be anointed Dhtup.; to be
disturbed (?) ib.: Caus. {svedayati} (aor. {asiSvidat}), to cause to sweat, treat with
sudorifics Sus'r.; to foment, soften SmavBr.: Desid. of Caus. {sisvedayiSati}, Gr.: Desid.
{sisvitSati} ib.: Intens. {seSvidyate}, {seSvetti} ib. [Cf. Gk. $; Lat. {sdor}, {sUdare};
&387913[1284,3] Angl. Sax. {swa7t}; Eng. {sweat}; Germ. {Schweiss}, {schwitzen}.]
svid * = s' (ifc.) sweating, perspiring S'is'.
sviikaroti = to accept
sviikaara * = m. making one's own, appropriation, claiming, claim BhP. Siddh.;
reception Kaths.; assent, agreement, consent, promise Sarvad.; {-graha} m. robbery,
forcible seizure Mcar.; {-pattra} n. a written document or will disposing of one's property
RTL. 531; {-rahita} mfn. devoid of assent, not agreed to W.; {-rA7nta} mfn. ended or
concluded by assent, agreed to ib.
svinna * = mfn. sweating , perspiring VS. &c. &c. ; sweated , treated with sudorifics
Sus3r. ; seethed , boiled Hariv. Ma1rkP.
svena = by your own
svyaM = of one's own

svraa.njalii = Musical notes

s'yaams'aaMkara*= mf({I})n. (fr. {zaM-kara}) relating or belonging to S'iva Kaths.;
relating to or derived from or composed by S'ankara7crya Sarvad. Cat.; m. a bull W.; a
follower of S'ankaracrya MW.; ({I}) f. see below; n. the Nakshatra rdr (presided over
by S'iva) VarYogay.
syandane = chariot
syandin.h = oozing
syaaM = would be
syaat *= ind. (3. sg. Pot. of 1. %{as}) it may be, perhaps, perchance (esp. used in Jaina
wks. and occurring in 7 formulas, viz. 1. %{syAd@asti}, `" perhaps it is [under certain
circumstances] "'; 2. %{syAn@nA7sti}, `" perhperhaps it is not, &c. "'; 3. %
{syAd@asti@ca@nA7sti@ca}, `" perhperhaps it is and is not [under certain
circumstances] "'; 4. %{syAd@avaktavyaH}, `" perhperhaps it is not expressible in
words "'; 5. %{syAd@asti@cA7vaktavyaH}, `" perhaps it is and is not expressible in
words "'; 6. %{syAn@nA7sti@cA7vaktavyaH}, `" perhaps it is not and is and is not
expressible in words "'; 7. %{syAd@asti@ca@nA7sti@cA7vaktavyaH}) Sarvad.
syaama = will we become
s'yaamasaah s'aMkara* = (with preceding {mahA-rAja}) m. N. of a king and author Ca
syamantaka* = m. N. of a celebrated jewel (worn by Kriishna on his wrist [cf.

{kaustubha}], described as yielding daily eight loads of gold and preserving from all
dangers; it is said to have been given to Satr-jit [q.v.] by the Sun and transferred by him
to his brother Prasena, from whom it was taken by Jmbavat, and after much contention
appropriated by Kriishna see VishnuP. iv, 13) Hariv. Pur. Pacar.
syU * f. (fr. {siv}) a string, thread
syuH * = form from ``as.h'' meaning ``those who may be''
syutam.h = (n) a bag
syutna * =n. happiness, delight (cf. below) L.
syUta* =mfn. sewn, stitched, woven RV. &c. &c.; sewn on HParis'.; sewn or woven
together, joined, fabricated MW.; pierced, penetrated ib.; m. a sack, coarse canvas bag
L.
syUti * =f. (only L.), sewing, stitching, weaving; a bag, sack; lineage, offspring.
syUna * =m. (only L.) a sack; a ray of light; the sun; ({A}) f. a ray of light L.; a girdle L.
syUman * =n. a band, thong, bridle RV.; a suture (of the skull) AitBr.
syUma * =1 m. n. (only L.) a, ray of light; water.

taadita = beaten
taaDa = a mountain
taaDayati = (10 up) to beat, slap
taadris'a * = mf({I})n. (Pn. 3-2, 60; vi, 3, 91) = {-dR4z} S'Br. xi, 7, 3 Mn. &c.; {yAdRza
t-} [Pacat.) or {za-t-} [MBh. xiii, 5847], anybody whosoever
taakshaka* = mfn. relating or belonging to Takshaky g. {bilvakA7di}.
taala *= m. (Siddhnapun6s. 25 Sch.) the palmyra tree or fan-palm (Borassus
flabelliformis , producing a sort of spirituous liquor ; considered as a measure of height
R. iv ; vi , 2 , 6 Lalit. iii , xxii ; forming a banner MBh. iv , vi , xvi Hariv. ; to pierce seven
fan-palms with one shot is held to be a great feat R. i , 1 , 64 AgP. viii , 2) Mn. viii , 246
MBh. &c. ; (fr. %{tADa}) slapping the hands together or against one's arm , xiii , 1397 R.
&c. ; the flapping of an elephant's ears Ragh. ix , 71 Katha1s. xii ; xxi , 1 Prab. i , v ;
musical time or measure MBh. &c. (cf. %{-jJa} & %{-zIla}) ; a dance Sa1h. vi , 277 ; a
cymbal Pan5cat. BhP. viii , 15 , 21 ; (in prosody) a trochee ; a span measured by the
thumb and middle finger Hcat. i , 3 , 855 and 6 , 171 [445,1] ; (= %{tala}) the palm (of
the hand) L. ; a lock , bolt W. ; (= %{tala}) the hilt of a sword L. ; a goldsmith Gal. ; S3iva
MBh. xiii , 1243 ; pl. N. of a people (cf. %{-vana} and %{apara-}) VarBr2S. xiv , 22 ; m.
n. orpiment L. ; N. of a hell VP. ii , 6 , 2 and 10 S3ivaP. ; n. the nut of the fan-palm MBh.
iii , 8718 Hariv. 3711 (cf. %{kAkatAlIya}) ; the throne of Durga1 (cf. %{manas-}) L. (v.l.)
; mf(%{I} Pa1n2. 4-3 , 152) n. made of palmyra wood Mn.xi , 96/97 ; (%{A}) f. (g. %

{kuNDA7di}) see %{mAsa-} ; (%{I}) f. (g. %{kuNDA7dI}) N. of a tree (Corypha Taliera ,

Corypha umbraculifera , Flacourtia cataphracta , Curculigo orchioides L.) Hariv. 6407
R. Sus3r. &c. ; toddy W. ; a fragrant earth L. ; = %{tallikA} L. ; a metre of 4 x 3 long
syllables ; cf. %{ucca-} , %{ut-} , %{eka-} , %{kara-} , %{kAMsya-} , %{kAma-} , %
{kroza-}.
taalaH = (m) lock
taalikaa = clap
taaM = to that
taama* = m. ( {tam}) = {bhISaNa} L.; = {doSa} L.; anxiety, distress W.; ({I}) f. =
{tamI}, night L. Sch.; see also {-mi}.
taamasa = to one in the mode of darkness
taamasaM = in the mode of ignorance
taamasaH = in the mode of ignorance
taamasaaH = in the mode of ignorance
taamasika = Planets that are slothful - Waning Moon, Saturn, Rahu, Ketu and Mercury
taamasii = in the mode of ignorance
taamisra * = (fr. %{tam-} and %{ta4misrA} g. %{jyotsnA7di}) mfn. (with %{pakSa}) or

m. the dark half of the month La1t2y.ix Gobh. iii f. MBh. iii, 11813; m. `" nightwalker "',
a Ra1kshasa Ragh. xv, 2; (in Sa1m2khya phil.) indignation, anger (one of the 5 forms of
A-vidya1) MBh. xiv, 1019 Sa1m2khyak. Tattvas. BhP. iii (also n.) Ma1rkP. iii l; N. of a hell
Mn. iv, xii Ya1jn5. iii, 222 BhP.iii, v Ma1rkP.; cf. %{andha-}.
taandava: dancing
taan.h = them
taani = his
taantrik.h = pertaining to Tantra
taantrika* = mf({A} Sus'r. i, 3; {I})n. taught in a scientific manual Tattvas. ({-kI
saMjJA}, `" a technical N.); taught in the Tantras. mystical Hr. (Mn. ii, 1/2) Sus'r. &c.;
m. one completely versed in any science or system Bhshp.; a follower of the Tantra
doctrine BhP. xii, 11, 2 SS'ankar.
taaNa = to stretch
taaNDula = (rice) grains
taantra* = mf({I})n. having wires ({ta4ntra}), stringed (a musical instrument) W.;
regulated by a general rule pS'r. xiv, 12, 5 f.; relating to the Tantras W.; n. the music of
a stringed instrument R. i, 3.
taapa = trouble * (2. {tap}; g. {uJchA7di}) heat, glow Mn. xii, 76 S'ak. &c. (ifc. f. {A}
Kum. vii, 84); heating Nyyam. x, 1, 22; testing (gold) by heat MBh. xii, 12357 Subh. ({-

pana}, GarP.); pain (mental or physical), sorrow, affliction MBh. &c.; fever W.; ({I}) f.
the Tapt river (`" also the Yamun river "' L.) Hariv. ii, 109, 30 BhP. v, 19, 18; x, 79, 20;
cf. {pazcAt-}.
taapasa = austerity, purification
taapasau = (2)penance-doers
taapa* = m. (2. {tap}; g. {uJchA7di}) heat, glow Mn. xii, 76 S'ak. &c. (ifc. f. {A} Kum. vii,
84); heating Nyyam. x, 1, 22; testing (gold) by heat MBh. xii, 12357 Subh. ({-pana},
GarP.); pain (mental or physical), sorrow, affliction MBh. &c.; fever W.; ({I}) f. the Tapt
river (`" also the Yamun river "' L.) Hariv. ii, 109, 30 BhP. v, 19, 18; x, 79, 20; cf.
{pazcAt-}
taapana mf(%{I})n. ifc. illuminating BhP. ii, 9, 8; burning, causing pain, distressing MBh. Hariv.
9427 R. (cf. %{indra-}, %{candra-}); m. the sun MBh. v, 1739; the hot season Npr.; the sun-stone
L.; one of Ka1ma's arrows L.; n. burning Sus3r. i, 41, 3; pain, torment MBh. xiii, 1098; (in dram.)
helplessness, perplexity Sa1h. v, 91; N. of a hell Ya1jn5. iii, 224; gold Npr.; (%{A}) f. austerity
HParis3. i, 68; (%{I}) f. N. of several Upanishads; of a river L.
42 tApana mfn. making hot, paining, tormenting MBh. R. Sus3r.; m. N. of S3iva S3ivag.; a
partic. hell BhP.; n. warming, heating, turning, paining, distressing MBh. Sus3r.
taapya* = (fr. {tap}) regret DivyA7v. xviii; m. n. (fr. {-pI}) = {-pI-samudbhava} Car.vi,
18 and 24 Bhpr. v, 26, 160
taara4 * =mfn. ( {tRR}) carrying across, a saviour, protector (Rudra) VS. xvi, 40
S'iraUp.; (Vishnu) MBh. xiii, 6986; high (a note), loud, shrill, (m. n.) a high tone, loud or
shrill note TndyaBr. vii, 1, 7 (compar. {-tara} and superl. {-tama}) TPrt.; S'iksh MBh.

vii Mriicch. &c.; mfn. (ft. {stR4}?) shining, radiant Megh. Amar. Kaths. lxxiii Sh.;
clean, clear L.; good, excellent, well flavoured L. Sch.; m. `" crossing "' see {dus-}, {su-};
`" saving "', a mystical monosyllable (as {om}) RmatUp. S'ikhUp. Sarvad. Tantr.;
Andropogon bicolor L.; N. of Mani-rma (author of a Comm. on Bhm.); of a Daitya
(slain by Vishnu) Hariv.; of one of Rma's monkey generals (son of Briihas-pati,
husband of Tr) MBh. iii, 16372 R. i, iv, vi; pl. a class of gods in the 12th Manv-antara
VP. iii, 2, 33; m. [n. and ({A}) f. L.] the clearness or transparency of a pearl, clear pearl
Sus'r. v, 3, 19 Gt. xi, 25; (m. n. L.) = {-rA7bhra} L.; m. n. a star L.; the pupil of the eye
L.; n. descent to a river, bank (cf. {tIra}, {tIrtha4}) AV. iv, 37, 3 Pn. 6-3, 109 Vrtt. 1;
silver BhP. iv, 6, 27 Bhpr. v, 26, 43; ({A}) f. (g. {bhidA7di}) a fixed star, asterism (cf.
{stR4}) Yj. iii, 172 MBh. &c. (ifc. f. {A} Mriicch. iii, 10); the pupil of the eye (chiefly
ifc.) VarBriS. lviii, 11 &c.; a kind of meteor, vli, 86 and 94; (in Snkhya phil.) one of the 8
Siddhis Tattvas.; (in music) N. of a Rga of six notes; a kind of perfume L.; a form of
Dkshyani (worshipped on the mountain Kishkindha MatsyaP. xiii, 46; protectress of
the Griitsa-madas BrahmaP. ii, 18, 8; cf. RTL. p. 187); N. of a Buddh. goddess, Vsav,
433; of Briihaspati's wife (carried off by Soma) MBh. v, 3972 Hariv. 1340 ff. BhP. &c.; of
the wife of Buddha Amoghasiddha Buddh.; of a S'akti Jain.; of a Yogin Hcat. ii, 1, 710; of
a female monkey (daughter of Sushena, wife of Blin and mother of Angada) MBh. iii,
16110 ff. R. i, iv, vi.
taariNi = the one who crosses
taareNa = thro' the star
taarkshya* = m. N. of a mythical being (originally described as a horse with the epithet
{a4riSTa-nemi} [RV. i, 89, 6; x, 178, 1 Naigh. i, 14 Kaus'. 73], later on taken to be a bird
[RV. v, 51, interpol. s'vS'r. x, 7] and identified with Garuda [MBh. Hariv. &c.] or called

his elder brother [L.] or father [BhP. vi, 6, 2 and 21; see also {-putra}]; mentioned with
Arishtha-nemi VS. xv, 18; with Arishtha-nemi, Garuda, Aruna and runi as offspring of
Kas'yapa by Vinat MBh. i, 2548 and 4830 Hariv. 12468 and 14175; called a Yaksha VP.
ii, 10, 13; a Muni with the N. Arishtha-nemi MBh. iii, 12660 and 12665; xii, 10615; pl. a
class of demi-gods grouped with the Gandharvas, Yakshas, and Cranas R. i, 16, 9); N. of
the hymn RV. x, 178 (ascribed to Trkshya Arishthanemi) s'vS'r. ix SnkhS'r. xi f.
Lthy. i; a horse Naigh. i, 14; a cart L.; a bird MBh. vi, 71 Sus'r. iv, 28, 5; a snake L.; = {prasava}, vi, 51, 19 ({-kSa} ed.); a sort of antidote, v, 5, 66; gold L.; = {netrA7Jca keza}
Npr.; S'iva; N. of a man Pravar. ii, 3, 6 (p. and s'v.); pl. N. of a people MBh. ii, 1871; n.
= {-ja} Sus'r. iv, 9, 45.
taasaaM = of all of them
taat.h = that location i, e.protect me from behind
taata = My friend
taataH = father
taaraka = star, eye
taarkika* = mfn. (fr. {tarka}) related or belonging to logic W.; m. a dialectician, logician,
philosopher Gthsangr. Veda7ntas. &c.
taaratama * = mfn. very loud Ta1n2d2yaBr. VPra1t. i.
taartiiya * = mfn. belonging to the 3rd (%{tRt-}) A1s3vS3r. x, 2 BhP. iii, 6, 29; the 3rd,
viii, 19, 34; n. a 3rd part Ka1tyS3r. iv, 7, Paddh.

taata * = m. (cf. 1. {tata4}) a father MBh. i R. Vikr. S'ak. iv, 4/5 (in comp.) &c.; ({tA4ta})
voc. a term of affection addressed to a junior [S'Br. xiv AitBr. vii ChUp. MBh. &c.] or
senior [i, 6796 Ragh. &c.], addressed to several persons MBh. i, 6825; v, 5435 (C) [442,
1]; in the latter use also ({As}) voc. pl. ib. (B); i, 6820 f.; iv, 133; [cf. $; Lat. {tata} &c.]
taavat *= by that time(when it was over), meanwhile * taavat* = mf({atI})n. (fr. 2. {ta}
Pn. 5-2, 39; vi, 3, 91) so great, so large, so much, so far, so long, so many (correlative of
{yA4vat}; rarely of {ya} or {yatho7kta} Nal.&c.) RV. &c. ({yAvatA kSaNena tAvatA}, `"
after so long time, in that time "', as soon as Rjat. v, 110); just a little Kir. ii, 48; (in alg.)
an unknown quantity (also with {yAvat}); ind. (correlative of {yA4vat}) so much, so
greatly, to such an extent, in such a number, so far RV. AV. &c. ({tA4vat-tAvat} S'Br. i, 8,
1, 6); so long, in that time RV. x, 88, 19 S'Br. i Mn. &c.; meanwhile, in the mean time (the
correlative {yAvat} being often connected with a neg. e.g. {tAvac chobhate mUrkho yAvat
kiM-cin na bhASate}, `" so long a fool shines as long as he says nothing "' Hit.;
{zocayiSyAmy AtmAnaM tAvad yAvan me prA7ptam brAhmaNyam}, `" so long I will
emaciate myself, as long as [i.e. until] I have obtained the state of a Brhman "' R. i, 64,
19) S'Br. xiv, 4, 2, 30 ChUp. vi, 14, 2 Mn. MBh. &c. (also correlative of {purA} [R. i, 28,
21], of {yAvatA na}, of {yAvat} preceded by {purA} [MBh. xiii, 4556], or without any
correlative [2727 Kaths. Hit.]); at once, now, just, first (followed by {anantaram} [Hit.],
{aparam} [Pacat.], {api} [ib.], {idAnIm} [Hit.], {uta} [S'ak.], {ca} [Das'. Prab.], {tatas}
[Mn. iv, 174 Ragh. vii, 4f.], {tad-anu} [Megh.], {tu} [Das'. vii Veda7ntas.], {pazcAt} [R.
ii], {punar} [Pacat.], {vA}; very often connected with an Impv., rarely [MBh. iv, 888 R.
ii, 56, 13] with a Pot., often with the 1st person of pr. or fut. MBh. &c.; the Impv. is
sometimes to be supplied [{itas tAvat}, `" just come hither "'; {mA tAvat}, `" by no
means, God forbid! "'] S'ak. Mlav. Vikr. Prab.; sometimes {arhasi} with the inf. is used
instead R. i f.); (with {na} or {a-}) not yet MBh. &c. (followed by {yAvat}, `" while "'
Kaths. xxvi, 23; {tAvan na-api na}, `" not only not-but also not "' Kd.); very well, all

right Hcar.; indeed, truly (e.g. {dRDhas tAvad bandhaH}, `" the knot is tight I must
admit "' Hit.; {gatA tAvat}, `" she is indeed gone "' Kaths. xviii, 241) R. &c.; already
(opposed to `" how much more "' or `" how much less "') R. iv f. S'ak.; really (= {eva},
sometimes connected with this particle e.g. {vikrayas tAvad eva saH}, `" it is really a sale
"') Mn. iii, 53 Hariv. 7110 R. &c.; ({tA}) instr. ind. to that extent RPrt. xiii, 13 BhP. v,
viii; in that time, in the mean time, meanwhile Das'. Kaths. x, 24 Bharath.; ({ti}), loc
ind. so far S'Br. viii, 6, 2, 8; so long, in that time TS. ii, 4; [cf. Lat. {tantus}.]
taavannija = tAvat.h+nija, till then+one's
taavaan.h = similarly
taavaka *= mf(%{I})n. (fr. %{ta4va} [gen. of 1. %{tva4}] Pa1n2. 4-3, 3) thy, thine RV. i,
94, 11 MBh. iii, 14621 R. iii, 13, 15 Kum.v, 4 BhP. Katha1s. &c.
taavanta: so much
taM = him
tam * = cl. 4. %{tA4myati} (Pa1n2. 7-3, 74; rarely A1. R. ii, 63, 46 Gi1t. v, 16; pf. %
{tatAma} S3Br. iv; aor. Pass. %{atami} Pa1n2. 7-3, 34 Ka1s3.; Ved. inf. %{ta4mitos},
with %{A4} preceding, `" till exhaustion "' TBr. i, 4, 4, 2 Ta1n2d2yaBr. xii La1t2y. A1p.;
pf. Pass. p. %{-tAnta4} q.v.) to gasp for breath (as one suffocating), choke, be suffocated,
faint away, be exhausted, perish, be distressed or disturbed or perplexed RV. ii, 30, 7 (%
{na4@mA@tamat} [aor. subj.] `" may I not be exhausted "') Ka1t2h. TBr. &c.; to stop
(as breath), become immovable or stiff Sus3r. Ma1lati1m. Amar. Ra1jat. v, 344; to desire
(cf. 2. %{-ma}, %{-mata}) Dha1tup. xxvi, 93: Caus. %{tama4yati} (aor. Pass. %{atAmi}

Pa1n2. 6-4, 93 Ka1s3.) to suffocate, deprive of breath S3Br. iii, 3, 2, 19 and 8, 1, 15

Ka1tyS3r. vi, 5, 18; cf. %{a4-tameru}.
takraM = (Nr.nom. + acc.S)curd or buttermilk
tajaka = A system of Solar Return Charts also known as Varshaphal
taD * = cl, 10. {tADayati} (perf. {-DayAmAsa} Kaths., twice {tatADa} BhP. vi f.; Pass.
{tADyate}) to beat, strike, knock, strike (with arrows), wound, punish Nir. iii, 10 Mn. iv,
xi Yj. i MBh. &c.; to strike a musical instrument MBh. Hariv. 15092 Mriicch. v Kum.
&c.; (in astron.) to obscure or eclipse partially VarBriS. xxiv, 34; `" to speak "' or `" to
shine "' Dhtup. xxxiii, 126.
ta4d * = (nom. and acc. sg. n. of and base in comp. for 2. {ta4} from which latter all the
cases of this pron. are formed except nom. sg. m. {sa4s} or {sa4} & f. {sA4}; instr. pl.
{tai4s} AV. &c.; Ved. {te4bhis} RV. AV. &c.) m. he f. she n. it, that, this (often correlative
of {ya4} generally standing in the preceding clause e.g. {yasya buddhiH sa balavAn}, `"
of whom there is intellect he is strong "'; sometimes, for the sake of emphasis, connected
with the 1st and 2nd personal pronouns, with other demonstratives and with relatives e.g.
{so 'ham}, `" I that very person, I myself "' [{tasya} = {mama} Nal. xv, 10]; {tAv imau},
`" those very two "'; {tad etad AkhyAnam}, `" that very tale "' AitBr. vii, 18; {yat tat
kAraNam}, `" that very reason which "' Mn. i, 11; {yA sA zrI}, `" that very fortune which
"' MBh. vii, 427) RV. &c.; ({tad}) n. this world (cf. {idam}) R. vi, 102, 25; = Brahma see
{tat-tva}; ({ta4d}) ind. there, in that place, thither, to that spot (correlative of {ya4tra} or
{ya4tas}) AV. AitBr. ii, 11 S'Br. i, x, xiv ChUp.; then, at that time, in that case (correlative
of {yadA4}, {ya4d} AV.; of {ya4tra} S'Br. xiv; of {yadi} Nal. Bhag. &c.; of {ce7d} S'ak.
&c.) RV. iv, 28, 1 AV. &c.; thus, in this manner, with regard to that, ix, xiii S'Br. AitBr.;

({tad etau zlokau bhavataH}, `" with reference to that there are these two verses "')
Pras'nUp.; on that account, for that reason, therefore, consequently (sometimes
correlative of {yatas}, {yad}, {yena}, `" because "' Das'. Pacat. Kaths. &c.) Mn. ix, 41
MBh. &c.; now (clause-connecting particle) AV. xv S'Br. AitBr.; so also, equally, and AV.
xi, xv
tad tad * = this and that, various, different (e.g. {taM taM dezaM jagAma}, `" he went to
this and that place "'; {tAsu tAsu yoniSu}, `" in different or various birth-places "' Mn.
xii, 74); respective BriNrP. xiii, 88; {tenaiva tenaiva pathA}, on quite the same path R.
iii, 50, 28
tad-anu = after that
tadana.ntaraM = later to that
tadanantaraM = thereafter
tadapi = tat.h+api, then even
tadaa = then
tadaatmaanaH = those whose minds are always in the Supreme
taD.h = to hit
tad.h = he/she/it
tad.hdhaama = that abode

tadiha = tat.h+iha, that+here

taDaagaH = lake, pond
taDit * = ind. = %{-Di4tas} RV. i, 94, 7 (%{talit}); f. stroke (%{vadha-karman} Naigh. ii,
19) "', lightning Nir. iii, 10f. Sus3r. &c. (ifc. %{-Dita} Vet. Introd. 20).
tadvat.h = like that
tadviddhi = you must know it
taijana* = mfn. coming from the plant {tejanI} Kthh. xxi, 10 (pS'r. xvii, 14).
taijanitvac* = a kind of lute Lthy. iv.
taijasa * = mf({I})n. originating from or consisting of light ({te4jas}), bright, brilliant
S'Br. xiv MndUp. MBh. &c.; consisting of any shining substance (as metal), metallic
s'vGri. Gaut. Mn. KtyS'r. Sch.; said of the gastric juice as coloured by digested food
Sus'r. i, 14; passionate Snkhyak. Tattvas. Veda7ntas. Sus'r. BhP.; n. metal L.; vigour
W.; N. of a Trtha MBh. iii, 7035; ix, 2723; ({I}) f. Scindapsus officinalis Npr.; long
pepper Gal.; {-sA7vartanI}, {-tinI} f. a crucible L.
taiH = by them
taila = oil
tailapaH = (m) cockroach

taistaiH = various
takshakaH = (m) carpenter
takshati = to sculpt, to carve
takshaka* = m. (Pn. 8-2, 29 Ks'.) `" a cutter "' see {kASTha-}, {vRkSa-}; a carpenter
L.; Vis'vakarman L.; the Stra-dhra or speaker in the prelude of a drama L. Sch.; N. of
a tree L.; of a Nga prince (cf. {-kSa}) AV. viii, 10, 29 TndyaBr. xxv, 15 S'nkhGri. iv,
18, 1 Kaus'. MBh. &c.; of a son of Prasena-jit BhP. ix, 12, 8; see also {-kSa}.
tala = Bottom *= (m. L.) n. ( %{stR}) surface , level , flat roof(of a house) MBh. &c.
(chiefly ifc. [f. %{A} R. v , 13] cf. %{nabhas-} , %{mahI-} &c.) ; the part underneath ,
lower part , base , bottom Mn. ii , 59 VarBr2S. Pan5cat. &c. (cf. %{adhas-} , %{taru-}
&c.) [440,3] ; (m. n.) the palm (of the hand see %{kara-} , %{pANi-}) R. ii , 104 , 17
S3ak. Ragh. vi , 18 ; the sole (of the foot , %{aGghri-} , %{pAda-}) MBh. i VarBr2S. ;
(without %{kara-} &c.) the palm of the hand (%{anyo@'nyasya} , or %
{parasparaM@talaM} or %{-lAn-dA} , to slap each other with the palms of the hands)
MBh. Hariv. R. Sus3r. ; (n. L. ; m.) the sole of the foot R. v , 13 , 47 ; (m.) the fore-arm L.
; = %{tAla} (a span L. ; the handle of a sword L. ; the palmyra tree Viddh. ii , 13) ;
pressing the strings of a lute with the left hand MBh. viii ; m. N. of a hell A1run2Up.
S3ivaP. (cf. %{talA7tala}) ; S3iva MBh. xiii , 17 , 130 ; N. of a teacher g. %{zaunakA7di} ;
n. = %{-hRdaya} L. ; = %{talka} L. ; = %{talaka} (q.v.) L. ; = %{talla} (q.v.) L. ; the root
or seed of events L. ; = %{-tra} A1s3vGr2. iii , 12 , 11 (%{tala}) MBh. R. ; (%{A}) f. id. L. ;
N. of a daughter of Raudra7s3va Va1yuP. ii , 37 , 122 ; cf. %{a-} , %{jihvA-} , %{ni-} , %
{nis-} , %{pra-} , %{mahA-} , %{rasA-} , %{vi-} , %{su-}.

talpaH = (m) mattress

tam.h = him
tama = Anger * = 1 m. (Pn. 7-3, 34 Ks'.) = {tamas} (`" the ascending node "' VarBri.
[?] Jyot.) L. Sch.; (= {-mAla}) Xanthochymus pictorius L.; = {-makA} L.; n. (= {-mas})
darkness L.; the point of the foot L.; ({A}) f. night L.; Xanthochymus pictorius L.; ({I}) f.
(g. {gaurA7di} Ganar. 47) night S'is'. ix, 23 BhP. x, 13, 45 Gol. vii, 10 Naish. vii, 45.
tama* = 2 an affix forming the superl. degree of adjectives and rarely of substantives
({ka4Nva-}, &c.) Sus'r. i, 20, 11; mfn. most desired Kir., ii, 14; ({Am}), added (in older
language) to adverbs and (in later language) to verbs, intensifying their meaning; ind. in
a high degree, much Naish. viii.
tamaH = (m) darkness, ignorance
tamanena = that+thro' this
tamana* = n. the becoming breathless S'nkhS'r. ii, 7, 7; iv KtyS'r. iv, 1, 13; cf. {nAgatamanI}.
tamasvan* = ({ta4m-}) mf({arI})n. = {-vat} TS. ii, 4, 7, 2; cf. {a4m-}.
tamam* = ind. so as to faint away Pn. 6-4, 93.
tamas* = n. darkness, gloom (also pl.) RV. ({-maH}, {pra4NIta}, `" led into darkness, `"
deprived of the eye's light or sight, i, 117, 17) &c.; the darkness of hell, hell or a particular
division of hell Mn. iv, viii f. VP. ii, 6, 4 MrkP. xii, 10; the obscuration of the sun or

moon in eclipses, attributed to Rhu (also m. L.) R. VarBriS. v, 44 VarBri. ii VarYogay.

Sryas.; mental darkness, ignorance, illusion, error (in Snkhya phil. one of the 5 forms
of {a-vidjA} MBh. xiv, 1019 Snkhyak. &c.; one of the 3 qualities or constituents of
everything in creation [the cause of heaviness, ignorance, illusion, lust, anger, pride,
sorrow, dulness, and stolidity; sin L.; sorrow Kir. iii; see {guNa} and cf. RTL; p. 45] Mn.
xii, 24 f. and 38 Snkhyak. &c.) RV. v. 31, 9 R. ii S'ak. Rjat. v, 144; N. of a son (of
S'ravas MBh. xiii, 2002; of Daksha, i Sch.; of Priithu-s'ravas VP. iv, 12, 2); [cf. {timira};
Lat. {temere} &c.]
tamasa* = mfn. dark-coloured AV. xi, 9, 22; m. darkness Un. Sch. a well Un. vri.; n. ifc.
for {-mas}, `" darkness "' see {andha-}, {-dhA-}, {ava-}, {vi-}, {saM-}; a city Un. vri.;
({A}) f. N. of a river (falling into the Ganges below Pratishthhna) MBh. iii, 14231; vi,
338 Hariv.12828 R. if.; iv, 40, 24 Ragh.ix, 16.
tamas.h = darkness
tamas * = n. darkness, gloom (also pl.) RV. ({-maH}, {pra4NIta}, `" led into darkness,
`" deprived of the eye's light or sight, i, 117, 17) &c.; the darkness of hell, hell or a
particular division of hell Mn. iv, viii f. VP. ii, 6, 4 MrkP. xii, 10; the obscuration of the
sun or moon in eclipses, attributed to Rhu (also m. L.) R. VarBriS. v, 44 VarBri. ii
VarYogay. Sryas.; mental darkness, ignorance, illusion, error (in Snkhya phil. one of
the 5 forms of {a-vidjA} MBh. xiv, 1019 Snkhyak. &c.; one of the 3 qualities or
constituents of everything in creation [the cause of heaviness, ignorance, illusion, lust,
anger, pride, sorrow, dulness, and stolidity; sin L.; sorrow Kir. iii; see {guNa} and cf.
RTL; p. 45] Mn. xii, 24 f. and 38 Snkhyak. &c.) RV. v. 31, 9 R. ii S'ak. Rjat. v, 144; N.
of a son (of S'ravas MBh. xiii, 2002; of Daksha, i Sch.; of Priithu-s'ravas VP. iv, 12, 2);
[cf. {timira}; Lat. {temere} &c.]

tamasa = darkness, inertia, ignorance

tamasaH = to darkness
tamasi = the mode of ignorance
tamisra * = m. = %{-pakSa} W.; n. darkness, dark night (also pl.) MBh. iv, 710 BhP. v,
13, 9 Gi1t. xi, 12; a dark hell, hell (in general) BhP. iv, 6, 45; anger L.; (%{A}) f. (Pa1n2.
5-2, 114) a dark night RV. ii, 27, 14 TBr. ii, 2, 9, 6 MBh. iii Ra1gh. &c.; cf. %{su-}; %
{tAmisra}
tamodvaaraiH = from the gates of ignorance
tana = Body
tanaya = (m) son
tanayaa = daughter
tannishhThaaH = those whose faith is only meant for the Supreme
tanno = he to us
tanmaatra = the five potentials or senses* = mfn. = {-traka} MBh. ix, 1806 Pacat.; = {trika} BhP. iii, 10, 15; n. merely that, only a trifle Kaths. v, 15; lxiii, 60 Rjat. vi, 1; a
rudimentary or subtle element (5 in number, viz. {zabda-}, {sparza-}, {rUpa-}, {rasa-},
{gandha-}, from which the 5 Mah-bhtas or grosser elements are produced cf. RTL. p.
31 and 33) Yj. iii, 179 MBh. i, xiii Snkhyak. KapS. &c.; {-tA} f. the state of a Tan-

mtra MrkP. vl, 46; {-tva} n. id. BhP. iii, 26, 33 ff.; {-sarga} m. (in Snkhya phil.)
creation of the subtle elements, rudimentary creation.
tanmukhyaM = tat.h + mukhyaM:that + important
tanmemanaH = tat.h + me + manaH: that + my + mind
tantu = thread / stalk
tantuvaayaH = (m) spinner (one who spins cloth, not the bowler :)
tantra = treatises on ritual, meditation, discipline, etc* = n. (Pn. 7-2, 9 Ks'.) a loom, v,
2, 70; the warp RV. x, 71, 9 AV. x, 7, 42 TBr. ii TndyaBr. x, 5 S'Br. xiv Kaus'. MBh. i,
806 and 809; the leading or principal or essential part, main point, characteristic
feature, model, type, system, framework S'Br. xii TndyaBr. xxiii, 19, 1 Lthy. KtyS'r.
&c. (e.g. {kulasya t-}, `" the principal action in keeping up a family i.e. propagation "'
MBh. xiii, 48, 6; ifc. `" depending on "' cf. {Atma-}, {sva-}, {para-}, &c.); doctrine, rule,
theory, scientific work, chapter of such a work (esp. the 1st section of a treatise on astron.
VarBriS. i, 9; Pars'ara's work on astron., ii, 3; vii, 8) MBh. &c. (cf. {SaSTi-} &c.); a class
of works teaching magical and mystical formularies (mostly in the form of dialogues
between S'iva and Durg and said to treat of 5 subjects, 1. the creation, 2. the destruction
of the world, 3. the worship of the gods, 4. the attainment of all objects, esp. of 6
superhuman faculties, 5. the 4 modes of union with the supreme spirit by meditation
[436,2]; cf. RTL. pp. 63, 85, 184, 189, 205ff.) VarBriS. xvi, 19 Pacat. Das'. Kaths.
xxiii, 63 Sarvad.; a spell HYog. i, 5 Vcar.; oath or ordeal L.; N. of a Sman (also called `"
that of Virpa "') rshBr.; an army (cf. {-trin}) BhP. x, 54, 15; ifc. a row, number, series,
troop Blar. ii f. vi; = {rAjya-t-}, government Das'. xiii S'is'. ii, 88; ({para t-}, `" the

highest authority "') Subh.; a means which leads to two or more results, contrivance
Hariv. ii, 1, 31; a drug (esp. one of specific faculties), chief remedy cf. {-trA7vApa}; =
{paricchada} L.; = {anta} L.; wealth L.; a house L.; happiness W.; ({eNa}) instr. ind. so
as to be typical or hold good KtyS'r. xvi, xx; ({A}) f. for {-ndrA} Sus'r.; ({Is} cf. Pn. 5-4,
159 Ks'.; {I} L.) f. = {-ntI} Gobh. iii, 6, 7 and BhP. iii, 15, 8 (v.l. for {-ntI}; see also
{vatsatantrI}); the wire or string of a lute S'nkhS'r. xvii Lthy. iv, 1, 2 Kaus'. &c. ({-tri}
R. vi, 28, 26); (fig.) the strings of the heart Hariv. 3210 (v.l.); any tubular vessel of the
body, sinew, vein Pn. 5-4, 159; the plant {-trikA} L.; a girl with peculiar qualities L.; N.
of a river L.; cf. {ku-tantrI}.
tantraya * = Nom. (fr. {-tra}) {-yati}, to follow, as one's rule, xii, 215, 21; to provide for
(acc.) S'ak. v, 5 (ind. p. {-yitvA} v.l.; . `" to support a family "' Dhtup. xxxiii, 5); . to
regulate Car.iv, 1; vi, 26.
tantrataa* = f. the state of anything that serves as a {tantra} s'vS'r. xi, 1;
comprehending several rites in one, ceremony in lieu of a number W.
tantratva* = n. dependance on (in comp.) Sarvad. i, 41.
tantraratna* = n. N. of wk. by Prtha-srathi.
tantraraaja* = m. N. of wk. Tantras. i nand. 99 Sch.
tantravaaya* = m. (= {-ntu-v-}) a weaver R. (G) ii, 90, 15; a spider L.; m. n. weaving L.
tantrasaara* = m. `" Tantra-essence "'N. of a compilation.
tantraya* = Nom. (fr. {-tra}) {-yati}, to follow, as one's rule, xii, 215, 21; to provide for

(acc.) S'ak. v, 5 (ind. p. {-yitvA} v.l.; . `" to support a family "' Dhtup. xxxiii, 5); . to
regulate Car.iv, 1; vi, 26.
tantraayin* = mfn. (said of the sun) drawing out threads or rays (of light) VS. xxxviii, 12.
tantraka* = mfn. recently from the loom, new and unbleached Pn. 5-2, 70; ifc. for {tra}, doctrine see {paJca-}; ({ikA}) f. Cocculus cordifolius Bhpr. v, 3, 7; noise in the ears
S'rngS. vii, 142; cf. {apa-}.
tantraNa* = n. the supporting of a family MBh. v, 3751.
tantrakaara* = m. the author of any scientific treatise Mlav. i, 8/9 Das'. xiii, 87.
tantrakaumudi* = * = f. N. of wk. Tantras. ii.
tantragarbha* = m. N. of wk., vii.
tantracUDaamaNi* = m. N. of wk. Tantras. ii.
tantrathiikaa* = f. N. of {-vArttika} i-iv W.
tantraprakaaza* = m. N. of wk., Vratapr.
tantrapradiipa* = m. N. of a Comm. on Dhtup.
tantrabheda* = m. N. of a Tantra nand. 31 Sch.
tantramantraprakAza* = m. N. of wk., Skta7n. iv.

tantraraajaka* = m. N. of a medical work by Jbla BrahmaP.i, 16, 18.

tantravaarttika* = n. = {mImAnsA-t-}.
tantrazaastra* = n. N. of wk., Pratpar. Sch.
tantrasaara* = m. `" Tantra-essence "'N. of a compilation.
tantrahridaya* = n. N. of wk. Tantras. ii.
tantraantarIya* = m. pl. the Snkhya philosophers Bdar. ii, 4, 9 Sch.
tantraavaapa* = n. sg. `" attention to the affairs of both one's own and an enemy's
country "' [Das'. xiii, 92], and `" drugs and their preparation "' S'is'. ii, 88.
tantu * = m. a thread, cord, string, line, wire, warp (of a web), filament, fibre RV. &c.; a
cobweb W.; a succession of sacrificial performances BhP.; any one propagating his
family in regular succession Ka1tyS3r. iii A1p. TUp. MBh. (cf. %{kula-}) &c.; a line of
descendants AitBr. vii, 17; any continuity (as of thirst or hope) MBh. xii, 7877
Ma1lati1m.; N. of a Sa1man A1rshBr.; = %{-nAga} L.; (g. %{gargA7di}) N. of a man
Pravar. iv, 1; cf. %{kASTha-}, %{vara-}, %{sapta4-}.
tanu = body
tanumat * = mfn. embodied Ka1vya7d. iii , 59.
tanuuurti * = mfn. thin-shaped VarBr2S. iv , 20.

tanuna * = m. `" bodiless "' , the wind W.

tanu-bhaava = First house or house of body
tanuM = form of a demigod
tanuuM = body
tanuuja = son
tanuubhiH = through the bodies (sharIra)
tanutaa* = f. thinness, tenuity, littleness Hariv. R. v Megh. Ragh. &c.
tanutara* = mfn. = {ta4nIyas} Amar.
tanutyAga* = mfn. spending little Hit.; m. risking one's life R. ii, 40, 6.
tanutra* = n. `" body-guard "', armour MBh. iv, 1009 Sus'r. BhP. Tantr.; {-vat} mfn.
having armour R. vi.
tanutrin* = mfn. = {-tra-vat} S'is'. xix; 99.
tanutva* = n. = {-tA} MBh. xiii, 541 VarBriS. iii, 16 Sarvad.
tanutvac* = m. id., (ifc.) Nal. xii, 78; the cinnamon tree Bhpr. v, 2, 66; Cassi Senna
Npr.

tanUtala* = m. a measure of length equal to the arms extended, fathom L.

tanutyaj* = mfn. giving up one's body, dying, i, 8; = {-nU-t-} p. MBh. iv, 2354 Ragh. vii
Mlav. v, 11/12 BhP.
tanUtyaj* = mfn. risking one's life RV. x, 4, 6 and 154, 3 (Nir. iii, 14).
tanvi = woman
taNDava = violent dance of Shiva
taNDula * = m. (g. {ardharcA7di}) grain (after threshing and winnowing), esp. rice AV. x
ff. S'Br. AitBr. &c.; rice used as a weight Car. vii, 12 VarBriS.; = {-lIka} L.; m. = {-lu} L.;
({A}), f.id. L.; ({I}) f. a kind of gourd L.; = {-lIka} L.; the plant {yava-tiktA} L.
tanmaatra* = mfn. = {-traka} MBh. ix, 1806 Pacat.; = {-trika} BhP. iii, 10, 15; n.
merely that, only a trifle Kaths. v, 15; lxiii, 60 Rjat. vi, 1; a rudimentary or subtle
element (5 in number, viz. {zabda-}, {sparza-}, {rUpa-}, {rasa-}, {gandha-}, from which
the 5 Mah-bhtas or grosser elements are produced cf. RTL. p. 31 and 33) Yj. iii, 179
MBh. i, xiii Snkhyak. KapS. &c.; {-tA} f. the state of a Tan-mtra MrkP. vl, 46; {-tva}
n. id. BhP. iii, 26, 33 ff.; {-sarga} m. (in Snkhya phil.) creation of the subtle elements,
rudimentary creation.
tanmaya * = mfn. made up of, that, absorbed in or identical with that Mun2d2Up.
S3vetUp. Pa1rGr2. MBh. &c. ; %{-tA} f. the being absorbed in or identical with that
Ka1d. BhP. Ra1jat. iii, 498 ; %{-tva} n. id. MBh. v, 1622 &c. ; %{-yI-bhAva}, m.id. Sa1h.
tap*= (cf. 1. %{pat}) cl. 4. A1. %{-pyate}, to rule Dha1tup. xxvi, 50.\\2 cl. 1. %{ta4pati}

(rarely A1.; Subj. %{-pAti} RV. v, 79, 9; p. %{ta4pat} RV. &c.; cl. 4. p. %{ta4pyat} VS.
xxxix, 12; pf. 1. sg. %{tata4pa} RV. vii, 104, 15; 3. sg. %{-tA4pa}, x, 34, 11 AV. vii, 18, 2
&c.; p. %{tepAna4} RV.; fut. %{tapsya4ti} Br. &c.: %{-te} & %{tapiSyati} MBh.) to give
out heat, be hot, shine (as the sun) RV. &c.; to make hot or warm, heat, shine upon ib.; to
consume or destroy by heat ib.; to suffer pain MBh. viii, 1794 Gi1t. vii, 31; (with %
{pazcAt}) to repent of MBh. viii, 39, 15; to torment one's self, undergo self-mortification,
practise austerity (%{tapas}) TUp. ii, 6 Mn. i f. MBh. &c.; to cause pain to, injure,
damage, spoil RV. AitBr. vii, 17 S3Br. xiv &c.: Pass. or cl. 4. A1. %{tapya4te} (xiv; or %
{ta4py-} TBr. ii; p. %{-pya4mAna} AV.; %{ta4py-}, xix, 56, 5; cf. %{a4-}; aor. %{atApi}
RV. vii, 70, 2; %{atapta} Pa1n2. 3-1, 65 Ka1s3.; pf. %{tepe} MBh. &c.; p. %{-pAna4}
S3Br.; also P. %{tapyati}, %{-pyet}, %{atapyat}, &c. MBh. R. Katha1s. x, 4) to be heated
or burnt, become hot RV. &c.; to be purified by austerities (as the soul) Sarvad.; to suffer
or feel pain RV. x, 34, 10 and 95, 17 AV. xix, 56, 5 S3Br. xiv MBh. &c.; to suffer pain
voluntarily, undergo austerity (%{tapas}) AV. S3Br. TBr. Shad2vBr. S3a1n3khS3r. &c.:
Caus. %{tApayati}, %{-te} (p. %{-pa4yat} AV.; Pass. %{-pyate} MBh. &c.; aor. %
{atItape} & [Subj.] %{tata4pate} RV.) to make warm or hot, iv, 2, 6; viii, 72, 4 Kaus3.
MBh. &c.; to consume by heat R. &c.; to cause pain, trouble, distress AV. xix, 28, 2 MBh.
&c.; to torment one's self, undergo penance, iii, 8199: Intens. (p. %{tAtapyamAna}) to
feel violent pain, be in great anxiety R. i, 11, 8 BhP. ii, 7, 24; [cf. Lat. {tepeo} &c.]\\3
mfn. `" warming one's self. "' see %{agni-ta4p}.
tapa = to burn, shine, suffer * `" consuming by heat "' see {lalATam-}; `" causing pain or
trouble, distressing "' see {janaM-} and {paraM-}; tormented by Hariv. i, 45, 37; m. heat,
warmth (cf. {A-}) Pacat. ii, 3, 5/6; the hot season S'is'. i, 66; the sun W.; = {-pas},
religious austerity Car. Cn. (cf. {mahA-} and {su-}); a peculiar form of fire (which
generated the seven mothers of Skanda) MBh. iii, 14392; Indra Gal.; N. of an attendant
of S'iva L. Sch.; ({A}) f. N. of one of the 8 deities of the Bodhi-vriiksha Lalit. xxi, 404; cf.

{a-}.
tapaH = penance
tapaHsu = in undergoing different types of austerities
tapati = (1 pp) to heat up
tapantaM = heating
taapana * = mfn. warming, burning, shining (the sun) MBh. i, v R. vi, 79, 57; causing pain
or distress RV. ii, 23, 4; x, 34, 6 AV. iv, xix; m. (g. %{nandy-Adi}) the sun MBh. i, vi, xiii
R. i, 16, 11 Ragh. &c.; heat L.; the hot season L.; N. of a hell (cf. %{mahA-}) Mn. iv, 89
Buddh.; N. of an Agni Hariv. 10465; Agastya (cf. %{Agneya}) L.; Semecarpus
Anacardium Npr.; = %{-cchada} (or `" a white kind of it "' Npr.) L.; Premna spinosa L.;
Cassia Senna Npr.; the civet cat Gal.; = %{-maNi} L.; N. of a Yaksha MBh. i, 32, 18; of a
Rakshas R. vi; n. (%{-na4}) the being hot, burning, heat TBr. ii, 2, 9, 1 f.; pining,
grieving, mental distress Ka1t2h. xxviii, 4 Sa1h. iii; (%{I4}) f. heat RV. ii, 23, 14; the root
of Bignonia suaveolens Npr.; = %{-panti} DivyA7v. xxx, 317 and 409; a cooking vessel
Baudh. (TS. Sch.); cf. %{gopAla-}, %{tripu4ra}, %{rAma-}.
tapas.h = sustained effort
tapas * = warmth, heat ({paJca tapAMsi}, the 5 fires to which a devotee exposes himself
in the hot season, viz. 4 fires lighted in the four quarters and the sun burning from above
Mn. vi, 23 R. BhP. iv BrahmaP.; cf. Ragh. xiii, 41) RV. AV. VS. SnkhS'r.; pain, suffering
RV. vii, 82, 7; religious austerity, bodily mortification, penance, severe meditation,

special observance (e.g. `" sacred learning "' with Brhmans, `" protection of subjects "'
with Kshatriyas, `" giving alms to Brhmans "' with Vais'yas, `" service "' with S'dras,
and `" feeding upon herbs and roots "' with Riishis Mn. xi, 236) RV. ix, 113, 2; x
(personified, 83, 2 f. & 101, 1, `" father of Manyu "' RAnukr.) AV. &c.; (m. L.) N. of a
month intervening between winter and spring VS. TS. i S'Br.iv Sus'r. Pn. 4-4, 128 Vrtt.
2 Pat. S'is'. vi, 63; the hot season L. Sch.; = {-po-loka} Veda7ntas. 120; the 9th lunar
mansion ({dharma}) VarBri. i, 19; ix, 1 and 4; N. of a Kalpa period, VvuP. i, 21, 27.
tapasaa = by the penance
tapasaaM = and penances and austerities
tapasi = in penance
tapasyasi = austerities you perform
tapasyaa = (f) penance, meditation
tapasvibhyaH = than the ascetics
tapasvin * = mfn. (Pa1n2. 5-2, 102) distressed, wretched, poor, miserable TS. v, 3, 3, 4
(compar. %{-vi4-tara}) R. ii f. S3ak. Ma1lav. BhP. Sa1h. ; practising austerities, (m.) an
ascetic AV. xiii, 2, 25 Ka1t2h. xx (compar.), xxiii (superl. %{-vi-tama}) S3Br. (compar.
ii) &c. ; m. a pauper W. ; = %{-paHkara} L. ; a kind of Karan5ja tree L. ; Na1rada L. ; N.
of a son of Manu Ca1kshusha Hariv. 71 ; of a R2ishi of the 12th Manv-antara, 482 BhP.
viii, 13, 29 VP. ; (%{inI}) f. a female devotee, poor wretched woman Nal. R. iii, 2, 7 S3ak.
Das3. ; Nardostachys Jat2a1-ma1n6si1 L. ; Helleborus niger L. ; = %{mahAzrAvaNikA}
Bhpr. ; %{-svi-kanyakA} or %{-nyA} f. the daughter of an ascetic S3ak. i, 15/16 and 24 ;

%{-tA} f. devout austerity MBh. xiii, 2896 S3atr. ; %{-pattra} m. Artemisia L. ; %{svI7STA} f. Prosopis spicigera Gal.
tapasvishhu = in those who practice penance
tapaami = give heat
tapobhiH = by serious penances
tapoloka* = m. one of the 7 worlds (also called {tapar-l-}, situated above the {jana-l-})
runUp. BhP. ii, 5, 39 Ks'Kh. xxii; pl. N. of a family Pravar. vi, 2.
tapoyaGYaaH = sacrifice in austerities
tapta = troubled, frustrated
taptaM = executed
tapyante = undergotapyati* = f. heat TS. i, 4, 35, 1 (v.l. {-tu4}).
tapyatu* = mfn. hot RV. ii, 24, 9; f. see {-ti4}.
tapya* = mfn. to be refined Sarvad. Bdar. ii, 2, 10 Sch. ({-tva} n. abstr.); performing
austerity (= {sattva-maya} Sch.; said of S'iva) MBh. xii, 10381.
tara * =1 an affix forming the compar. degree of adjectives and rarely (cf. {vRtra-ta4ra})
of substantives Sus'r. i, 20, 11; ({Am}), added (in older language) to adverbs (see {atitarA4m} &c.) and (in later language) to verbs (Pacat. i, 14, 7 Ratna7v. iii, 9 Kaths.),

intensifying their meaning; ind. with {na}, not at all BhP. x, 46, 43.
tara = crossing over ta4ra * =2 mfn. ( {tRR}; g. {pacA7di}) carrying across or beyond,
saving (?, said of S'iva) MBh. xii, 10380; ifc. passing over or beyond W.; `" surpassing,
conquering "' see {zoka-tara4} cf. {rathaMtara4}; excelling, w.; m. crossing, passage RV.
ii, 13, 12; viii, 96, 1 Mn. viii, 404 and 407 Yj. (ifc.) MBh. xii; ({a-} mfn. `" impassable
"') Bhathth. vii, 55 (cf. {dus-}); `" excelling, conquering "' see {duS-Ta4ra}, {su-ta4ra},
{dus-}; = {-paNya} Mn. viii, 406; a raft W.; a road L.; N. of a magical spell (against evil
spirits supposed to possess certain weapons) R. i, 30, 4; fire W.; N. of a man Rjat. vii,
809; ({I}; also {Is} L.) f. (g. {gaurA7di} Ganar. 48), a boat, ship (cf. {-ri}) MBh. i, 4228 f.
BhP. iv S'is'. iii, 76 (cf. {nis-tarIka}); a clothes-basket (also {-ri}) L.; the hem of a
garment (also {-ri}) L.; = {-raNi-peTaka} L.; a club L.; for {starI} (smoke) W.
tara.ntu = (Vr.Imp.IIIP.Pl.PP) let them cross
taraka = a demon slain by Kartikeya
taram * = see tara
taranga = (m) wave
tarangaH = (m) wave
taraNe = in crossing
taras *= n. rapid progress, velocity, strength, energy, efficacy RV. MBh. xii, 5172 R. v,
77, 18 Ragh. xi, 77 ; a ferry RV.i, 190, 7 ; (fig.) v, 54, 15 AV. x, 10, 24 ; a symbolical N. of
the %{stoma} of the gods Ta1n2d2yaBr. viii, xi, xv ; a bank L. ; = %{plava-ga} L. ; (%

{sA}) instr. ind. (g. %{svar-Adi}, not in Ka1s3.) speedily, directly MBh. R. Ragh. BhP.
S3is3. ix Katha1s. Prab. iv, 24 ; (%{-ra4s}) mfn. quick, energetic SV. i, 4, 2, 4, 1
taraTa * = N. of a medicinal plant Npr.; (%{I}) f. N. of a thorny plant (cf. %{tAr-}) L.
taratamatas * = ind. more or less, 87, 19; cf. %{tAratamya}.
tarati = (1 pp) to cross
taran.h = swimming or crossing
tarangeshhu = among the waves
taranti = overcome
tarhi * = ind. (fr. {ta4d-hi4}; see {tarvan} Pn. 5-3, 20 f.) at that time, then, at that
moment, in that case (correlative of {ya4d} [TBr. ii, 1, 10, 1], {yadA4} [AV. iii, 13, 6
BhP.], {ya4rhi} [TS. i AitBr. i, 27], {ya4tra} [S'Br. ii BhP. v], {yadi} [S'ak. v.l. Pacat.
Kaths. &c.], {ced} [Prab. Sh.]; often connected with an Impv. [S'ak. Pacat. &c.] or
interrogative pron. [Pat. Ks'. Siddh. Sh.]) RV. x, 129, 2 AV. &c. (not in MBh. &R.); cf.
{eta4r-}, {ka4r-}.
tarishhyasi *= you will overcome
tarjaka * = mfn. one who threatens Pacar. iv, 3.
tarjana * = n. threatening, scolding R. iii, v Ragh. xix, 17 Kum. vi, 45 &c.; (ifc.)
frightening MBh. iii, 12569; derision W.; putting to shame, surpassing W.; anger W.;

({A}) f. scolding Sh.; ({I}) f. `" threatening finger "', the fore-finger Kaths. xvii, 88
KtyS'r. Sch.; = {-nikA} Hcat. ii, 1.
tarjanikaa * = f. a kind of weapon (?), ii, 1, 953.
tarjanIya * = mfn. to be threatened or scolded.
tarka* = m. conjecture MBh. &c.; reasoning, speculation, inquiry KathhUp. ii, 9 PrGri.
ii, 6, 5 Gaut. Mn. xii, 106 MBh. &c.; doubt W.; system or doctrine founded on speculation
or reasoning, philosophical system (esp. the Nyya system, but applicable also to any of
the six na q.v.) BhP. ii, vii f. Prab. Vop. Caran. Madhus.; the number 6 Sryas. xii, 87;
logic, confutation (esp. that kind of argument which consists in reduction to absurdity)
Tarkas. Sarvad. Madhus.; wish, desire L.; supplying an ellipsis L.; cause, motive L.; n. a
philosophical system Hcat. i, 7; ({A}) f. reasoning, inquiry (`" = {kAGkSA} "' Sch.) MBh.
iv, 892; cf. {a-}, {ku-}, {dus-}, {rUpa-}.
tarkshya* = m. saltpetre L. (see also taarkshya)
tarpaka * = mfn. ifc. satiating, satisfying BhP. vii, 15, 10 Sch.
ta4rpaNa * =mf({I})n. id. Sus'r. (cf. {ghrANa-}); (m. or n.) N. of a plant, iv, 5, 13 and 18;
16, 3; n. satiety MBh. xiv, 673; satiating, refreshing (esp. of gods and deceased persons
[cf. {RSi-}, {pitR-}] by presenting to them libations of water; a particular ceremony
performed with a magical Mantra Sarvad.; cf. RTL. p. 394 and 409) PrGri. iii, 3, 11 Mn.
iii, 70 Yj. i, 46 MBh. xiii &c.; gladdening (ifc.) BhP. iii, 1, 27; refreshment, food AV. ix,
6, 6 MBh. xviii, 269 and 275 Car. Pn. 2-3, 14 Ks'. Hcat. (ifc. f. {A}); fuel L.; (satiating
i.e.) filling the eyes (with oil &c.) Sus'r.; ({I}) f. N. of a plant L.

ta4rpaNa-vidhi * =m. a ch. of Smriity-artha-sra.

tarpaNecchu * =m. `" desirous of a Tarpana libation "', Bhshma L.
tarpaNIya * =mfn. to be satisfied, Kathhup. i, 27.
tarpara * =m. a bell hanging down from the throat of cattle, g. {kapilakA7di} (Ganar.
446).
tarsha *= 2 m. ( %{triS}) thirst "' , wish , desire for (in comp.) MBh. xii R. ii , 100 , 3
BhP. v , 8 , 12 (%{ati-} , `" excessive desire "') ; Desire (son of Arka [the sun] and
Va1sana1) , vi , 6 , 13 ; (%{A}) f. thirst , desire , xi , 9 , 27.
taru = Tree
taruNaH = young man
taruNii = young woman
taruNau = (two)youngsters
tarutalavaasaM = living under the trees
taruu = Tree
tarkeNa = (masc.instr.Sing.)logic
tarjanaM = the fear

tarjanii = Finger
tas * =1 cl. 4. {-syati}, to fade away, perish Dhtup. xxvi, 103; (cf. {taMs}) to cast
upwards (or `" to throw down "') ib. (Vop.); to throw Pn. 3-4, 61 Ks'. 2.
tas * =mfn. `" throwing "'; see {sukha-}.
tashtha * =mfn. ( {takS}) pared, hewn, made thin L.; fashioned, formed in mind,
produced RV. AV.xi, 1, 23; cf. {su4-}, {sto4ma-}; {vibhva-taSTa4}.
tashthi * =f. v.l. for {tvaSTi} q.v.
tasara * =(m. L.) n. ( {taMs}?) a shuttle RV. x, 130, 2 VS. xix, 83 (`" the cloth in the loom
"' TBr. Sch.)
taskara * =m. (for {tat-k-} Nir. iii, 14 VPrt. iii, 51) a thief, robber RV. AV. VS. &c. (ifc. f.
{A} Hariv. 5180 Km. iv, 53; cf. {a-taskara4}; ifc. used as a term of contempt [Kaths.
ci, 140] Ganar. 114); Trigonella corniculata Sus'r. iv, 37, 15; Vanguiera spinosa L.;
Ardisia humilis (?) L.; the ear (derived fr. Ragh. i, 27) W.; pl. N. of particular Ketus
VarBriS. xi, 20; ({I}) f. a passionate woman L.; a kind of Mimosa Npr.
tasthu * =mfn. stationary BhP. vii, 7, 23.
tasdI * =in astron.= $, hexagon.
tasthau = stood
tashtha * mfn. ( {takS}) pared, hewn, made thin L.; fashioned, formed in mind,

produced RV. AV.xi, 1, 23; cf. {su4-}, {sto4ma-}; {vibhva-taSTa4}.

tasmaat.h = hence* = ind. (abl. of 2. {ta4}) from that, on that account, therefore
(correlative of {ya4d}, {yasmAt}) AV. S'Br. AitBr. Mn. Nal. &c.
tasmin.h = in that
tasminkaaye = tasmin.h+kaye, in that body
tasmai = (masc.dat.S)to him, *V= therfore, unto him, to hi, at him, for him, thereupon,
therefore
tasmAt *= ind. (abl. of 2. %{ta4}) from that , on that account , therefore (correlative of
%{ya4d} , %{yasmAt}) AV. S3Br. AitBr. Mn. Nal. &c.
tasya = its
tasyasu..ndaraM = beautiful to him
tasyaaM = in that
tasyaisha = tasya + esha(H):His + this
tat: V* that, therefore, the same *= see tad
tat* =1 for {ta4d}. see col. 3. \\2 I. {tata4}. see {tan} \\ mfn. ifc. see {parI-}; cf. {purIta4t}.

taat* = ind. (obs. abl. of 2. {ta4}) thus, in this way RV. vi, 21, 6; x, 95, 16; obs. acc. pl. [!]
of 2. {ta4} Pn.; vii, 1, 39 Ks'.; cf. {adha4s-tAt} &c.
tata * = 2 m. (cf. {tAta}) chiefly Ved. a father (familiar expression corresponding to
{nanA4}, mother) RV. viii, 91, 5 f.; ix, 112, 3 AV. TS. iii TBr. &c. (voc. [like {tAta}] also
term of affection addressed to a son AitBr.v, 14, 3; vii, 14, 8). \\ 2 mfn. (vi, 4, 37)
extended, stretched, spread, diffused, expanded RV. &c.; spreading over, extending to
W.; covered over by (instr. or in comp.) Laghuj. ii, 16 Kir. v, 11 S'is'. ix, 23; protracted
W.; bent (a bow) MBh. i, 49, 25; iv, 5, 1; spreading, wide L.; composed (a tale), i, 2455;
performed (a ceremony) RV. &c.; m. wind L.; n. any stringed instrument L.; a metre of 4
x 1 2 syllables.
taa4t * ind. (obs. abl. of 2. {ta4}) thus, in this way RV. vi, 21, 6; x, 95, 16; obs. acc. pl. [!]
of 2. {ta4} Pn.; vii, 1, 39 Ks'.; cf. {adha4s-tAt} &c.
tataM = pervaded
tataH = Then
tatastataH = from there
tat.h = that
tatbuddhayaH = those whose intelligence is always in the Supreme
tath * = cl. 1. P. {-Tati}, to rumble ShadvBr. v, 7; (derived fr. {taTa}) to be raised
Dhtup.ix, 21: Caus. {tATayati} v.l. for {tADay-}, to strike, xxxii, 43.

tathaa V*: also, so, thus as well, similarly6, then, as also, as far as, in that way, true to
that, at that time, too
tathaa api V*= yet; yet, in spite of, nonetheless
tathaa eva V*= likewise
tatha * = m. (exceptionally n. Das'ar. ii. 18/19) a slope, declivity, any part of the body
which has (as it were) sloping, sides (cf. {zroNi-}, {stana-}, &c.), a shore MBh. (said of
Siva, xii, 10381) Hariv. &c. (ifc. f. Bhartri.); ({I}) f. (g. {gaurA7di} Ganar. 49) id. Gt.
Prab. Sh.; cf. {a-}, {ut-}; {pura-taTI}.
tathasthaH = (m) neutral, disinterested, not taking any side
tato = then, afterwards
tatohaMsaH = tataH: then or from there + haMsaH:swan or Brahman
tattva = an element, the twenty-four categories of thatness * = n. true or real state, truth,
reality S'vetUp. Mn. Bhag. &c.; (in phil.) a true principle (in Snkhya phil. 25 in number,
viz. {a-vyakta}, {buddhi}, {ahaM-kAra}, the 5 Tan-mtras, the 5 Mah-bhtas, the 11
organs including {manas}, and, lastly, {puruSa}, qq.vv.) MBh. xii, 11840; xiv, 984 R. iii,
53, 42 Tattvas.; 24 in number MBh. xii, 11242 Hariv. 14840 (m.); 23 in number BhP. iii,
6, 2 ff.; for other numbers cf. xi, 22, 1 ff. RmatUp.; with Mhes'varas and Loka7yatikas
only 5 [viz. the 5 elements] are admitted Prab. ii, 18/19; with Buddh. 4, with Jainas 2 or 5
or 7 or 9 Sarvad. ii f.; in Veda7nta phil. {tattva} is regarded as made up of {tad} and
{tvam}, `" that [art] thou "', and called {mahA-vAkya}, the great word by which the
identity of the whole world with the one eternal Brahma [{tad}] is expressed); the,

number 25 Sryas. ii; the number 24 DevibhP. S'Br. vii, 3, 1, 43 Sy.; an element or
elementary property W.; the essence or substance of anything W. [433, 1]; the being that
Jaim. i, 3, 24 Sch.; = {tata-tva} L.; N. of a musical instrument L.; ({ena}) instr. ind.
according to the true state or nature of anything, in truth, truly, really, accurately Mn. vii,
68 MBh. R.; {-kaumudI} f. `" Tattva-moonlight "'N. of a Comm. on Snkhyak. Sarvad.
xiv, 20; {-candra} m. `" truthmoon "'N. of a Comm. on Prakriy-kaumud; `" Tattvamoon "'N. of a Comm. on {-kaumudI}; {-cintAmaNi} m. N. of a philos. work by
Gange7s'a; of another work Nirnayas. iii; {-jJa} mfn. ifc. knowing the truth, knowing the
true nature of, knowing thoroughly Mn.xii, 102 MBh. ({a-} neg., xii, 6623) R. &c.; m. a
Brhman Npr.; {-jJAna} n. knowledge of truth, thorough knowledge, insight into the true
principles of phil. Sarvad.; {-jJAnin} mfn. = {-jJa} W.; {-taraMgiNI} f. `" truth-river "'N.
of wk. by Dharmasgara; {-tas} ind.= {-ttvena} MundUp. i, 2, 13 Mn. MBh. &c.; {-tA} f.
truth, reality W.; {-tyaj} mfn. mistaking the true state Viddh. iii, 19; {-trayamaya} mfn.
consisting of the 3 realities Hcat. i, 11, 893; {-darza} m. (= {-dRz}) N. of a Riishi under
Manu Deva-svarni BhP. viii, 13, 32; {-darzin} mfn. = {-dRz} MBh. iii, 1149 Rmag.; m.
N. of one of Manu Raivata's sons Hariv. 433; of a Brhman, 1265; {-dIpana} n. `"
Tattva-light "'N. of wk.; {-dRz} mfn. perceiving truth Veda7ntas.; {-nikaSa-grAvan} m.
the touchstone of truth Hit. i, 9, 12; {-nizcaya} m. `" ascertainment of truth "', right
knowledge Sarvad. vi, 91 and 94; {-niSThatA} f. veracity Hemac.; {-nyAsa} m. `"
application of true principles "'N. of a ceremony in honour of Vishnu (application of
mystical letters &c. to parts of the body while prayers are recited), Tantr.; {-prakAza} m.
`" light of true principles "'N. of a Comm. Sarvad. vii; {-prabodha-prakaraNa} n. N. of
wk. by Haribhadra II (A.D. 1.200); {-bindu} m. `" truthdrop "'N. of a philos. treatise; {bodha} m. knowledge or understanding of truth, xii, 46; N. of wk. Tantras. ii; {-bodhinI}
f. `" teaching true principles "'N. of a Comm. on Sankshepa-s'rraka; of a Comm. on
Siddh. by Jne7ndra-sarasvat; truth-teaching cf. RTL. p. 492 and 509; {-bhava} m.
true being or nature KathhUp. vi S'vetUp. i; {-bhUta} mfn. true MBh. xii, 5290; {-

muktA7vali} f. `" necklace of truth "'N. of wk. Sarvad. iv, 110; cf. RTL. p. 123; {-vat} mfn.
possessing the truth or reality of things MBh. xii, 11480; {-vAda-rahasya} n. N. of wk.
Sarvad. v, 110; {-vid} mfn. knowing the true nature of(gen.) Bhag. iii, 28; {-vivitsA} f.
desire of knowing the truth W.; {-viveka} m. the sifting of established truth; N. of wk. on
astron. (also {siddhA7nta-t-}); of another work Sarvad. v, 6; {-ka-dIpana} n. `" light of
truth-investigation "'N. of a philos. work; {-zambara} n. N. of a Tantra nand. 31 Sch.;
({-raka}, ryav.); {-zuddhi} f. ascertainment or right knowledge of truth Kaths. lxxv,
194; {-saMgraha} m. N. of wk. Sarvad. vii, 88; {-satya-zAstra} n. N. of a Buddh. work by
Gunaprabha; {-samAsa} m. `" Tattva-compendium "'N. of Kapila's Snkhya-stras
Tattvas.; {-sAgara} m. `" truth-ocean "'N. of wk. Smriitit. xi Nirnayas. i, 318; {-sAra} m.
`" truth-essence "'N. of wk. S'kta7n. ii; {-vA7khyAno7pamA} f. a simile expressing or
stating any truth Kvya7d. ii, 36; {-vA7dhigata} mfn. learnt thoroughly Sus'r.; {vA7pahnava-rUpaka} n. a metaphor denying a truth (as that two eyes are not eyes but
bees) Kvya7d. ii, 95; {-vA7bhiyoga} m. a positive charge or declaration Yj. ii, 5/6, 4
ff.; {-vA7rtha} m. the truth Sarvad. iii; {-tha-kaumudI} f. `" truth-light "'N. of a Comm.
on Pryas'c. by (Govinda7nanda; {-tha-vid} mfn. knowing the exact truth or meaning of
(in comp.) Mn.i, 3; (see {veda-}); {-tha-sUtra} n. N. of a Jaina work by Um-svti
Sarvad. iii, 103; {-vA7vabodha} m. perception of truth W.
tattvaM = truth/nature
tattvataH = in reality
tattvavit.h = the knower of the Absolute Truth
tattvaGYaana = of knowledge of the truth

tattve = truth
tattvena = in reality
tatparaM = afterwards
tatparaH = very much attached to it
tatparaayaNaH = who have completely taken shelter of Him
tatprasaadaat.h = by His grace
tatsamanantaram ind. immediately upon that Katha1s. iv, 24; cf. %{tadanant-}.
tatra = there* = (also {-trA} RV.) ind. ({ta4-tra}, correlative of {ya4-tra}; g. {cA7di}, not
in Ks'.) used for the loc. (sg. du. and pl.) of {ta4d} (q.v. Pn. 5-3, 10; vi, 3, 35) RV. AV.
Mn. &c.; in that place, there (in comp. Pn. 2-1, 46) RV. &c.; thither, to that place ib.; in
that, therein, in that case, on that occasion, under those circumstances, then, therefore,
(also correlative of {ya4d} [vi, 57, 4 AV. xii, 1, 34 Nal. &c.], {yadA} [Pacat. i, 19, 8],
{yadi} [Mn. viii f. Cn. Hit.], or {ced} [Mn. viii, 295; ix, 205]; {tatra mAsa}, `" that
month "' i.e. the month that has been spoken of Kaths. xviii, 208)
tatra tatra* = used for double loc. of {ta4d} Nal. v, 8; in that and that place, here and
there, everywhere Mn. vii, 87 MBh. BhP.; to every place MBh.
tatvidaH = by those who know this
tatsamakshaM = among companions

tatsiddhiH = that materialisation

tathaa = and, also, like that
tathaapi = yet, even then
tathaiva = similarly
tau = they
tausthau = stood (motionless) (past perfect tense of sthaa tishhTha to stand)
tava = Yours
tavaM = you
tavas *= mfn. ( %{tu}) strong, energetic, courageous RV. (compar. %{-va4s-tara} [cf. %
{ta4vIyas}], i, 30, 7 superl. %{-va4s-tama}, 190, 5 ; ii, 33, 3) ; m. power, strength,
courage RV. iii, 1, 1 and 30, 8 AV. xi, 1, 14 ; cf. %{pra4-}, %{sva4-}.
tayaa = by her
tayoH = of them
thaara * = m. a horse L.; a catamite L.
thaat* = ind, (onomat.) with {kR}, to cause to jingle or rattle Prasannar. i, 32.

thasat * = ind. (onomat.) an interjection imitating the sound of bursting Kaths. vc, 78;
({-sad-iti}) cvi, 181.
thasiti * =ind. id. Blar. ii, 31.
tigma * = mfn. sharp, pointed (a weapon, flame, ray of light) RV. AV. iv, 27, 7, xiii
S'nkhGri. &c.; pungent, acrid, hot, scorching RV. &c.; violent, intense, fiery, passionate,
hasty ib.; m. Indra's thunderbolt W.; = {-gmA7tman} VP. iv, 21, 3; pl. N. of the S'dras
in Krauca-dvpa, ii, 4, 53 (v.l. {tiSya}); n. pungency L.
tiira = (neut) edge, bank \\ * = 1 m. tin (cf. %{tIvra}) L.; n. a kind of arrow (cf. Pers. $)
Pan5cad. ii, 76; (%{I}) f. id. L.\\2 n. ( %{tRR} Siddh.pum2l. 56) a shore, bank AitBr. &c.
(ifc. f. %{A} MBh. R. Ragh.; ifc., for d\\mfn. furthering, granting success or victory
AitA1r. 2.\\mfn. (?) carrying across, furthering, helping TS. (Sch.)
tiirtha * = n. (rarely m. MBh.) a passage, way, road, ford, stairs for landing or for
descent into a river, bathing-place, place of pilgrimage on the banks of sacred streams,
piece of water RV. &c.; the path to the altar between the, Ctvla and Utkara ShadvBr.
iii, 1 s'vS'r. iv, ix S'nkhS'r. Lthy. KtyS'r.; a channel, iv, 8, Paddh.; the usual or right
way or manner TS. S'Br. xiv, ({a4-}, xi) KtyS'r. MBh. iv, 1411; the right place or moment
ChUp. viii Anup. &c.; advice, instruction, counsel, adviser, preceptor MBh. v Mlav. i,
12/13 Kir. ii, 3; certain lines or parts of the hand sacred to the deities Mn. ii Yj. &c.; an
object of veneration, sacred object BhP.; a worthy person p. Mn. iii, 130 MBh. &c.; a
person worthy of receiving anything (gen.) MnGri. i, 7; N. of certain counsellors of a
king (enumerated in Pacat. iii, 67/68) MBh. ii, 171 Ragh. xvii S'is'. xiv [449, 2]; one of
the ten orders of ascetics founded by S'ankara7crya (its members add the word {tIrtha}
to their names); a brhman Un. vri.; = {darzana} L.; = {yoga} L.; the vulva L.; a womas

courses L.; fire Un. vri.; = {nidAna} ib

tiivra * = mf({A})n. (fr. {tiv-ra}, {tu}) strong, severe, violent, intense, hot, pervading,
excessive, ardent, sharp, acute, pungent, horrible RV. &c.; m. sharpness, pungency Pn.
2-2, 8 Vrtt. 3. Pat.; for {-vara} (?) g. {rAjanyA7di}; S'iva; n. pungency W.; a shore (for
2. {tIra} ?) Un. k.; tin (cf. 1. {tIra}) ib.; steel L.; iron L.; ({am}) ind. violently,
impetuously, sharply, excessively W.; ({A}) f. Helleborus niger L.; black mustard L.;
basil L.; {gaNDa-dUrvA} L.; {taradI} L.; {mahA-jyotiSmatI} L.; (in music) N. of a S'ruti;
of a Mrchan; of the river Padmavat (in the east of Bengal) L.
tiikshNa = pungent *= mf(%{A4})n. ( %{tij}) sharp, hot, pungent, fiery, acid RV. x, 87, 9
AV. &c. ; harsh, rough, rude Mn. vii, 140 MBh. R. VarBr2S. ; sharp, keen S3is3. ii, 109
Pa1n2. 5-2, 76 Ka1s3. ; zealous, vehement L. ; self-abandoning L. ; (with %{gati}, `" a
planet's course "', or %{nakSatra} `" asterism "') inauspicious VarBr2S. vii, 8 and 10 ;
iic, 7 (asterisms Mu1la, A1rdra1, Jyesht2ha1, A1-s3lesha1) ; m. nitre L. ; = %{-taNDulA}
Npr. ; black pepper ib. ; black mustard ib. ; = %{-gandhaka} ib. ; = %{-sArA} ib. ;
majoram ib. ; white Kus3a or Darbha grass ib. ; the resin of Boswellia thurifera ib. ; an
ascetic L. ; (g. %{azvA7di}) N. of a man Ra1jat. viii, 1742 f. ; of a Na1ga Buddh. L. ; n. pl.
sharp language R. ii, 35, 33 Ma1rkP. xxxiv, 46 ; sg. steel (cf. %{-varman}) Npr. ; iron L. ;
any weapon L. Sch. ; sea-salt L. ; nitre L. ; Galmei Npr. ; poison L. ; Bignonia suaveolens
L. ; Piper Chaba L. ; Asa foetida Npr. ; battle L. ; pestilence L. ; death L. Sch. ; heat,
pungency W. ; haste W. ; (%{A}) f. N. of several plants (Mucuna pruritus,
Cardiospermum Halicacabum, black mustard, %{atyamla-parNI}, %{mahAjyotiSmatI}, %{vacA}, %{sarpakaGkAlikA}) Npr. ; a mystical N. of the letter %{p},
Ra1mat. i, 77 ; cf. %{a-}, %{su-}.
tikta = (adj) bitter

tila = sesame seeds

tilakam.h = (n) bindi (the "dot on the forehead")
tilaka * = m. (g. %{sthUlA7di}) Clerodendrum phlomoides (Symplocos racemosa L.)
MBh. &c.; a freckle (compared to a sesamum-seed) VarBr2S. l, 9; lii, 10 Katha1s.; a kind
of skin-eruption L.; (in music) N. of a Dhruvaka; a kind of horse L.; N. of a prince of
Kampana1 Ra1jat. viii, 577 ff; m. (n. Pan5cad. ii, 57) a mark on the forehead (made with
coloured earths, sandal-wood, or unguents, either as an ornament or a sectarial
distinction) Ya1jn5. i, 293 MBh. iii, 11591 R. (ifc. f. %{A}, iii) &c.; the ornament of
anything (in comp.) Pan5cat. i, 1, 92 Katha1s. &c. (ifc. f. %{A} Ra1jat. iii, 375); n. id. L.;
the right lung L.; black sochal salt L.; alliteration Ra1jat.; a metre of 4 x 6 syllables; = %
{tri-zlokI} L.; a kind of observance Ka1lanirn2. Introd. 12; (%{A}) f. a kind of necklace
L.; cf. %{eNa-}, %{kha-}, %{vasanta-}; %{Urdhva-tilakin}.
titikshasva = just try to tolerate
tittibha = a firefly
tittibhaasana = the firefly posture
tintriNii = (f) tamarind
timira = darkness
tira * = mfn. furthering, granting success or victory AitA1r. 2.\\mfn. (?) carrying across,
furthering, helping TS. (Sch.)

tiraskara* = mf({I})n. excelling (with gen.) BhP. i, 10, 27.

tiraskaara* = m. placing aside, concealment W.; abuse, censure Hit. i, 2, 25/26; iv;
disdain Pn. 2-3, 17 Ks'. Kaths.xxxii, 55 SrngP.; a cuirass Kir. xvii, 49.
tiras'caa V*= species of lower animals, of a snake, lower species of life, among the
animals.
tiras'ca *= n. the cross-board of a bedstead AV. xv , 3 , 5 (v.l. %{-zcya4}).
tiras'cataa *= (%{-zca4-}) ind. transversely RV. iv , 18 , 2 ; ix , 14 , 6 Suparn2. xxiii , 1.
tiras'cathaa *= (%{-sca4-}) ind. aside , secretly S3Br. iii , 7 , 3 , 7.
tiryakkAram* = ind. having laid aside (after the completion of any work), the work being
done Pn. 3-4, 60; cf. {tIraya}.
tiryakkSipta* = mfn. placed obliquely L.; said of a form of dislocation (when a part of the
joint is forced outwards) Sus'r. ii, 15, 2 f.
tiryaktA* = f. animal nature Rjat. iii, 448.
tiryakpAtana* = n. a kind of process applied esp. to mercury.
tiryakpAtin* = mfn. falling obliquely on (loc.) S'is'. x, 40.
tiryakpramANa* = n. measurement across, breadth KtyS'r. i f. Sch. ({purastat-}, `"
breadth in front "'; {pazcAt-}, `" breadth behind. "')

tiryakphalA* = f. Oldenlandia herbacea L.

tiryaksrotas* = mfn. (an animal) in which the current of nutriment tends transversely R.
ii, 35, 19 Sch.; m. n. animals collectively VP. i, 5, 8 MrkP. vlii NarasP. iii, 25.
tishhThati = (1 pp) to stand
tishthhaamahe *V= We shall stay SB 3.18.11 \\shall remain
tishhthhani = stand (from sthaa)
tishhthhantaM = residing
tishhthhanti = dwell
tishhthhasi = remain
tishya* = m. N. of a heavenly archer (like Kriis'nu) and of the 6th Nakshatra of the old
or 8th of the new order RV. v, 54, 13; x, 64, 8 TS. ({-Sya4}) &c.; the month Pausha L.;
Terminalia tomentosa L.; = {-SyA} L.; (Pn. 4-3, 34; i, 2, 63 Ks'.) `" born under the
asterism TTerminalia "', a common N. of men Buddh. (cf. {upa-}); n. (m. L.) the 4th or
present age MBh. vi Hariv. 3019; mfn. auspicious, fortunate W.; ({A}) f. Emblic
Myrobalan L.
tiras * = through (acc.) RV. AV. xiii, 1, 36; across, beyond, over (acc.) RV. AV. vii, 38, 5;
so as to pass by, apart from, without, against (acc.) RV. ({-ra4s citta4ni}, `" without the
knowledge "', vii, 59, 8; {-ro4 va4zam}, `" against the will "', x, 171, 4); apart or secretly
from (abl.) AV. xii, 3, 39 S'Br. i, iii; obliquely, transversely MrkP. xvii, 3; apart, secretly

TS. ii, 5, 10, 6 AitBr. ii S'Br.; [cf. Zd. {taro1}; Lat. {trans}; Goth. {thairh}; Germ.
{durch}; Hib. {tar}, {tair}.]
titiksha * = m. (fr. Desid.) N. of a man g. {kaNvA7di}; ({A}) f. endurance, forbearance,
patience MBh. Pn. 1-2, 20 Sus'r. &c.; Patience (daughter of Daksha; wife of Dharma;
mother of Kshema) BhP. iv, 1, 19ff.
tiivra * = mf(%{A})n. (fr. %{tiv-ra}, %{tu}) strong, severe, violent, intense, hot,
pervading, excessive, ardent, sharp, acute, pungent, horrible RV. &c. ; m. sharpness,
pungency Pa1n2. 2-2, 8 Va1rtt. 3. Pat. ; for %{-vara} (?) g. %{rAjanyA7di} ; S3iva ; n.
pungency W. ; a shore (for 2. %{tIra} ?) Un2. k. ; tin (cf. 1. %{tIra}) ib. ; steel L. ; iron L. ;
(%{am}) ind. violently, impetuously, sharply, excessively W. ; (%{A}) f. Helleborus niger
L. ; black mustard L. ; basil L. ; %{gaNDa-dUrvA} L. ; %{taradI} L. ; %{mahAjyotiSmatI} L. ; (in music) N. of a S3ruti ; of a Mu1rchana1 ; of the river Padmavati1 (in
the east of Bengal) L.
tiivraya %{-yati}, to strengthen Ta1n2d2yaBr. xviii.
te = they
te.api = even they
tejaH = prowess
tejas.h = brilliance
tejas * = n. (often pl.) the sharp edge (of a knife &c.), point or top of a flame or ray, glow,
glare, splendour, brilliance, light, fire RV. &c.; clearness of the eyes VS. xxi AitBr. &c.;

the bright appearance of the human body (in health), beauty Nal. Sus'r. i, 15 [454, 3]; the
heating and strengthening faculty of the human frame seated in the bile, 14 and 26; the
bile L.; fiery energy, ardour, vital power, spirit, efficacy, essence AV. &c.; semen virile
MBh. R. Ragh. S'ak.; marrow L.; the brain W.; gold L.; (opposed to {kSamA})
impatience, fierceness, energetic opposition MBh. iii VarBri. Sh. iii, 50 and 54 Das'ar.
ii, 3; (in Snkhya phil.) = {rajas} (passion); spiritual or moral or magical power or
influence, majesty, dignity, glory, authority AV. VS. &c.; a venerable or dignified person,
person of consequence MBh. v, xiii S'ak. vii, 15; fresh butter L.; a mystical N. of the letter
$ RmatUp. i, 23; ({ase}) dat. inf. {tij} q.v.; cf. {a-}, {agni-}, {ugra-} &c.
tejasa = radiant energy, majesty
tejasvin.h = one who has tej (brilliance)
tejasvinaaM = of the powerful
tejasvinaavadhiitamastu = with glory \& strength, our study, be
tejobhiH = by effulgence
tejomayaM = full of effulgence
tejoraashiM = effulgence
tena = by that; with that *= 1 m. a note or cadence introductory to a song. \\ 2 ind.
(instr. of 2. %{ta4}) in that direction , there (correl. to %{yena} , `" in which direction ,
where "') SaddhP. iv Pa1n2. 2-1 , 14 Ka1s3. ; in that manner , thus (correl. to %{yena} , `"
in what manner "') , Pa1rGr2. ii , 2 Mn. iv , 178 Vop. v , 7 [455,1] ; on that account , for

that reason , therefore (correl. to %{yena} [Mn. MBh.] , %{ya4d} [S3Br. iv , 1 , 5 , 7 Mn. i
, iii R. ii] , %{yasmAt} [MBh. R.] , %{yatas} [Sa1h. i , 2 Hit.]) ; %{tena@hi} , therefore ,
now then S3ak. Vikr. i , 3/4.
tenaiva = in that
teshaaM = their
teshhaaM = their
teshhu = on them
thaat* = ind, (onomat.) with {kR}, to cause to jingle or rattle Prasannar. i, 32.
thathaa api V*: still, nevertheless, yet, even so, nonetheless
thu* = Meaning m. gold L.; one who changes his shape at will W.; love, god of love W.
tilaka* m. (g. {sthUlA7di}) Clerodendrum phlomoides (Symplocos racemosa L.) MBh.
&c.; a freckle (compared to a sesamum-seed) VarBriS. l, 9; lii, 10 Kaths.; a kind of skineruption L.; (in music) N. of a Dhruvaka; a kind of horse L.; N. of a prince of Kampan
Rjat. viii, 577 ff; m. (n. Pacad. ii, 57) a mark on the forehead (made with coloured
earths, sandal-wood, or unguents, either as an ornament or a sectarial distinction) Yj.
i, 293 MBh. iii, 11591 R. (ifc. f. {A}, iii) &c.; the ornament of anything (in comp.) Pacat.
i, 1, 92 Kaths. &c. (ifc. f. {A} Rjat. iii, 375); n. id. L.; the right lung L.; black sochal salt
L.; alliteration Rjat.; a metre of 4 x 6 syllables; = {tri-zlokI} L.; a kind of observance
Klanirn. Introd. 12; ({A}) f. a kind of necklace L.; cf. {eNa-}, {kha-}, {vasanta-};
{Urdhva-tilakin}.

tilakaka* = n. N. of a man Rjat. viii, 469.

tilakaya* = Nom. P. to mark with spots HParis'. viii, 210; to mark Blar. i, 1; vi, 37; to
adorn, i, 1 Viddh. ii, 13.
tilakita* = mfn. (g. {tArakA7di}) marked Blar. vi, 55 and 58; adorned Kaths. xciii, 17
Rjat. ii, 40.
tilakin* = mfn. marked with the Tilaka.
tiraskrita * = mfn. concealed R. ii Amar. Bhat2t2. ; eclipsed W. ; excelled Pan5cat. ;
censured, reviled, despised ib. (%{a-} neg.) ; %{-prAtivezya} m. = %{tiraH-pr-} q.v. ; %{sambhASa} mfn. %{a-} neg. speaking together without abusing each other MBh. iii, 233,
27.
tiryaJc [tiryak or tiryac] * = mfn. (fr. %{tira4s} + %{aJ} Pa1n2. 6-3, 94 ; nom. m. %{rya4G} n. %{-rya4k} f. %{-ra4izcI}, also %{-ryaJcI} Vop. iv, 12) going or lying crosswise
or transversely or obliquely, oblique, transverse (opposed to %{anv-a4Jc}), horizontal
(opposed to %{Urdhva4}) AV. VS. TS. &c. ; going across S3Br. xiv, 9, 3, 2 f. ; moving
tortuously W. ; curved, crooked W. ; meandering W. ; lying in the middle or between (a
tone), xi, 4, 2, 5 ff. VPra1t. i, 149 ; m. n. `" going horizontally "', an animal (amphibious
animal, bird, &c.) Mn.v, 40 ; xii, 57 Ya1jn5. MBh. &c. [448,1] ; the organic world
(including plants) Jain. ; n. = %{-ryak-pramANa} S3ulbas. ; f. the female of any animal
W. ; (%{rya4k}) ind. across, obliquely "', transversely, horizontally, sideways S3Br.
Ka1tyS3r. S3a1n3khS3r. VPra1t. Mn. &c. ; (%{-razcA4}) instr. ind. id. RV. i, 61, 12 ; ii,
10, 4 ; x, 70, 4 ; (%{-razci4}) loc. ind. id. S3Br. ii, 3, 2, 12 Ka1tyS3r. xvii, 8, 14 and 12, 1.

tiryagja * = mfn. born or begotten by an animal Mn. x, 72.

tiryagjana * = m. an animal BhP. ii, 7, 46.
tiryagjAti * = mfn. belonging to the race of animals W. ; m. an animal Ka1d. ; f. the
brute kind W.
tishthhati V*= stands, reamains, resides, exists
tishthhad * = %{-SThat}, pr. p. %{sthA} q.v. [448,3]
tishthhaddhoma * = mfn. (a sacrifice) at which the oblation (%{homa}) is offered
standing Ka1tyS3r. i, 2, 6.
tishthhadgu * = ind. (Pa1n2. 2-1, 17), when the cows (%{go}) stand to be milked "', after
sunset Bhat2t2. iv, 14.
toyaM = water
toyadaH = (m) cloud
toka* = n. (fr. 1. {tuc}) offspring, children, race, child (often joined with {ta4naya};
rarely pl. AV. i, v BhP. vi) RV. AV. Kthh. S'Br. AitBr. Pn. 3-3, 1 Kr. BhP.; a new-born
child; ii, x; m. ifc. the offspring of an animal (e.g. {aja-}, a young goat), iii, x; cf. {ava-},
{jIvat-} and {sa-tokA}; {tvakS}.
tokataa *= f. childhood

tola = a balance
tolayati = (10 up) to weigh
tolaangulaasana = the balance posture
tolaasana = the scales posture
tokataa: childhood
trai * = cl. 1. . {trA4yate} (Impv. {-yatAm}, 2. sg. {-yasva} and {trA4sva} pl. {yadhvam} and {trA4dhvam} RV.; ep. {trAti}, {trAtu}, {trAhi}; aor. Subj. {trAsate}, 2. du.
{trA4sAthe} Prec. {trA4sIthAm} RV.; inf. {trAtum} MBh. &c.; ind. p. {trAtvA} BhP. ii, 7,
9) to protect, preserve, cherish, defend, rescue from (gen. or abl.); cf. {pari-}, {saM-}.
trasa *= mfn. moving n. the collective body of moving or living beings (opposed to %
{sthAvara}) MBh. xii f. Jain. ; m. `" quivering "' , the heart L. ; n. a wood L
trasura * = mfn. timid, fearful Un2. vr2.
trayaM = three
trayaH = (adj) three
trayaaNaaM = three
trayii = triplet

trayImaya * = mf(%{I})n. consisting of or containing or resting on the 3 Vedas BhP.

(the sun, v, 20, 4 ; the sun's chariot, 21, 12) Ma1rkP. xxix Ku1rmaP. i, 20, 66 (Rudra)
Sin6ha7s. xviii.
traye = in the three
trayovi.nshati = number 23
traa = to save
traaTaka = an exercise to clear the vision
traaNa = protection* = mfn. protected Pn. 8-2, 56; n. protecting, preserving,
protection, defence, shelter, help (often ifc.) ChUp. Mn. MBh. &c.; protection for the
body, armour, helmet &c., iii, 12092; = {trAyamANA4} L.; ({A}) f. id. L.; cf. {aGguli-},
{udara-}, {uras-} &c.
traasa *= m. fear , terror , anxiety MBh. &c. ; a flaw in a jewel L.
traatuM = for protecting
traayate = releases
traayetaaM = (may the two) protect, save (us).(for one persons the verb is
traahi = (Vr.Imp.II P.S PP)Protect
traiguNya = pertaining to the three modes of material nature

trailokya = of the three worlds

traividyaH = the knowers of the three Vedas
trasta *= mfn. quivering , trembling , frighted MBh. &c. ; (in music) quick ; [Lat.
{tristis}.]
tretaa* = f. (fr. {traya4}) and triad, triplet MBh. xiv, 2759; the 3 sacred fires (= {agni-}),
v, 1559 Hariv. 1410; trey (throw at dice or the side of a die marked with 3 spots) VS. xxx,
18 TS. iv Mriicch. ii, 9; `" age of triads "', the 2nd Yuga (or silver age) AitBr. MundUp.
S'nkhS'r. Mn. &c.
tri: three, *= m. {tra4yas} f. nom. acc. {tisra4s} n. {trI4Ni} [{trI4} RV. S'Br. xi], 3 RV.
&c. ({tribhi4s} & {tisR4bhis}, &c. RV.; only once {tri4bhis} [viii, 59, 5] with the later
accentuation, cf. Pn. 6-1, 177 and 180 f.; gen. {trINA4m} [RV. x, 185, 1; cf. Pn. 7-1, 53
Ks'.] and {tisRRNA4m} [RV. viii, 19, 37 and 101, 6], later on [fr. {-ya4}] {trayANAm}
[AitBr. Mn.] and {tisRNA4m} [RV. v, 69, 2 against metre; cf. Pn. 6-4, 4 f.]; ifc., vii, 2,
99 f. Ks'.) [458, 1]; [cf. $, Lat. {tres}; Goth. {threis}; &c.]
tribhiH = three
tribhujam.h = (n) triangle
tridas'a* = mf({A})n. 3 X 10 (= 30) MBh. i, 4445; m. pl. (cf. Pn. 2-2, 25; v, 4, 73; vi, 3,
48 Ks'. and {dvi-d-}) the 3 X 10 (in round number for 3 X 11) deities (12 dityas, 8
Vasus, 11 Rudras, and 2 As'vins; cf. RV. ix, 92, 24) MBh. &c.; du. the As'vins, iii, 10345;
mfn. divine R. iii, 41, 21; n. heaven MBh. xiii, 3327 ({tri-diva}, B); {-guru} m. `" thirtygod-preceptor "', Briihaspati (regent of Jupiter) VarBriS. VarBri.; {-gopa} m. = {indra-

g-}, a fire-fly Ragh. xi, 42; {-gopaka} m. id. Npr.; {-tA} f. divine nature Blar.; {-tva} n.
id. Ragh. xviii, 30; {-dIrghikA} f. `" heavenly lake "', Gang L.; {-nadI} f. `" heavenly
river "', Gang W.; {-pati} m. `" lord of the gods "', Indra Mriicch. Ratna7v. iv, 11 VP. v,
18; {-puMgava} m. `" god-chief "', Vishnu R. i, 14, 42; {-pratipakSa} m. = {-zA7ri}; {maJjarI} f. `" heavenly plant "', the Tulas L.; {-vadhU} f. `" wife of the gods "', an
Apsaras W.; {-vanitA} f. id. Megh.; {-zaila} m. `" heavenly mountain "', the Kailsa
Kaths. cxiv; {-zreSTha} mfn. best of gods (Brahm, Agni) R. vi, 102 f.; {-sarSapa} m. =
{deva-s-} Npr.; {-zA7Gkuza} m. `" divine goad "', a thunderbolt L.; {-zA7GganA} f. = {za-vadhU} Bhakta7m. 15; {-zA7cArya} m. = {-za-guru} L.; {-zA7dhipa} m. a lord of the
gods, 28; {-zA7dhipati} m. S'iva; {-zA7yana} mfn. `" resort of the gods "', Nryana
Hariv.; {-zA7yudha} n. `" divine weapon "', the rainbow Ragh. ix, 54; the thunderbolt L.;
{-zA7ri} m. an enemy of the gods, Asura R. vi, 36, 78; {-zA7laya} m. `" abode of the gods
"', heaven MBh. iii R. i Vet.; the mountain Su-meru L.; a heaven-dweller, god MBh. iii,
1725; {-zA7vAsa} m. = {-zA7laya}, heaven L.; {-zA7hAra} m. `" divine food "', nectar L.;
{-zI-bhUta} mfn. become divine Ragh. xv, 102; {-ze7dra} m. `" god-chief "', Indra
Pacat. i; {-ze7ndra-zatru} m. `" Indra's foe "', Rvana R. vi, 36, 6; {-ze7za} m. = {ze7ndra} MBh. iii; {-ze7zadviS} m. = {-zA7ri} MBh.; {-ze7zvara} m. = {-ze7ndra} MBh.
R. ii; S'iva MBh.; pl. Indra, Agni, Varuna, and Yama Nal. iv, 31; ({I}) f. Durg DevP.; N.
of a female attendant of Durg W.; {-ze7zvara-dviS} m. = {-ze7ndra-zatru} R. i, 14, 47.
tridhaa = of three kinds
tridiva *= n. (m. L.) the 3rd or most sacred heaven , heaven (in general) RV. ix , 113 , 9
& AV. (with gen. %{diva4s}) GopBr. Pras3nUp. Mn. &c. ; (%{A}) f. cardamoms Npr. ; N.
of a river in India MBh. vi , 324 ; xiii , 7654 ; of a river in the Plaksha-dvi1pa VP. ii , 4 , 11
; (%{-vI}) Brahma7n2d2aP. [Hcat. i , 5 , 1070] ; %{-gata} mfn. `" heaven-departed "' ,
dead Vcar. vi , 62 ; %{-vA7dhI7za} , %{-ve7za} m. `" lord of heaven "' , a god L. ; %{-

ve7zAna} m. id. Gal. ; %{-ve7zvara} m. `" lord of heaven "' , Indra R. i ; %{-vo7dbhavA}
f. large cardamoms L. ; %{-vau9kas} m. `" heaven-residing "' , a god Vcar. xv , 72.
triguNa = three qualities (i.e. satva, rajas and tamas)
trigunadoshaiH = having all three qualities as well as faults
trijagati = in the three worlds
trikoNa = a triangle
trikoNamiti = trigonometry
trikoNaasana = the triangle posture
trikona = Trinal houses or 1, 5, 9
trimsat.h = (adj) thirty
triiNi = three
triin.h = three
triNa = grass
triNaa = grass
trina * = grass

triNemi mfn. with 3 fellies BhP. iii, 8, 20. (v.l. {-nemi}).

triph *= cl. 6. %{-phati}, to satisfy (cf. %{tRp}) Dha1tup.; to kill (cf. %{tarphitR}) W.
tripishthapa *= n. (m. Un2. Sch.) = %{-diva4}, Indra's heaven MBh. i, 7580 and 7657
R. i, vi Ma1rkP. xviii, 27 ; the sky L. ; cf. %{-viST-} ; %{-sad} m. `" heavendweller "', a
god L
tripta = satisfied
triptaH = being satisfied
triptiH = satisfaction
trishhu = in the three
trishNaa = desire* = f. thirst, i, vii, ix AV. S'Br. &c.; desire, avidity (chiefly ifc.) R. Ragh.
BhP. &c.; Avidity as mother of Dambha (Prab. ii, 11/12), daughter of Death (Mriityu VP.
i, 7, 31; or Mra Lalit. xxiv, 20), generated by Vedan and generating Upa7dna
(Buddh.); cf. {ati-}.
trishhNaaM = thirst/desiretri = three
trivikrama = fifth incarnation of Vishnu commonly known as vaamana
trividhaM = of three kinds
trividhaH = of three kinds

trividhaa = of three kinds

truTayaH = shortcomings, mistakes
truTi = shortcomings, mistakes
tuuNa = quiver(arrow receptacle)
tuula = air
tuulaa = Zodiacal Sign of Libra
tu = but * = Meaning 1 cl. 2. ({tauti} Dhtup.; fut. 2nd {totA} or {tavitA} Vop.) to have
authority, be strong RV. i, 94, 2 (pf. {tUtAva} cf. Naigh. iv, 1 Pn. 6-1, 7 Ks'.); to go
Dhtup.; to injure ib.: Caus. (aor. {tUtot}, 2. sg. {-tos}) to make strong or efficient RV. ii,
20, 5; vi, 26, 4; cf. {ut-}, {saM-}; {tava4s}, &c., {tIvra4}; [Zd. {tav}, `" to be able "'; Lat.
{tumor}, {tueri}, {totus}.]
tu4 * = Meaning 2 (never found at the beginning of a sentence or verse; metrically also
{tU4} RV.; cf. Pn. 6-3, 133) pray! I beg, do, now, then, Lat. {dum} used (esp. with the
Imper.) RV.; but (also with {eva4} or {vai4} following) AV. iv, 18, 6 TS. S'Br. &c.; and
Mn. ii, 22; or, i, 68; xi, 202; often incorrectly written for {nu} MBh. (i, 6151 B and C);
sometimes used as a mere expletive
tu (in conjuction) * = cana tu * =Meaning though-still not\\kiM tu * =g or though still\\paraMtu * = though - still\\varam-natu * = it is true - but not, ere - than\\kiM u *
= still, nevertheless\\na-paraMtu * = not-however\\ na caapi tu* = not-but This page
was generated by SFgate 4.0.30. vai

tuccha * = mfn. empty, vain, small, little, trifling BhP. Nr2isUp. Prab.; n. anything
trifling S3a1rn3gP. xxxi, 15; chaff Un2. k.; (%{A}) f. the 14th lunar day Su1ryapr.
tucchiikrita * = mfn. despised BhP.

tuchchha = adj. trifling

tuda* = mfn. ifc. `" striking "' see {aruM-}, {tilaM-}, {vidhuM-}; m. N. of a man g.
{zubhrA7di}; cf. {ut-}.
tulanaa = comparison
tula * = m. (for {-lA}) the sign Libra, Utp. (on VarBri. xi, xvi, xxiii and VarYogay. iv, 55).
tulaa = (f) balance, weighing scales * f. a balance, weight VS. xxx S'Br. xi Mn. &c. ({-layA
dhR} or {-lAM} with Caus. of {adhiruh}, `" to hold in or put on a balance, weigh,
compare "'; {-lAM} with Caus. of {adhi-ruh}, `" to risk "' Pacat. i, 16, 9; {-lAm adhi-} or
{A-} or {sam-A-ruh}, `" to be in a balance "', be equal with [instr.]; the balance as an
ordeal Yj. ii Mriicch. ix, 43); equal measure, equality, resemblance Ragh. &c. ({-lAm
i} or {gam} or {A-yA} or {A-lamb} or {dhA}, `" to resemble any one or anything "' [instr.
or in comp.]; {-lAM na bhR}, `" to have no equal "' Prasannar. i, 37; {-lAM} with Pass. of
{nI}, `" to become equal to "' [gen.]); = {-la} Pacat. i, 14, 14 VarBri. &c.; N. of a
measure (= 100 Palas) MBh. iii, xiv VarBriS. Sus'r. Ashtha7ng. S'rngS. i, 31; a kind of
beam in the roof of a house VarBriS. liii, 30.
tulas * = f. holy basil (small shrub venerated by Vaishnavas; commonly Tuls) BhP.
VyuP. and PadmaP. (produced from the ocean when churned) BrahmaP. (produced

from the hair of the goddess Tulas, ii, 19.)

tulya = comparable *= mf(%{A})n. (in comp. accent Pa1n2. 6-2, 2) equal to, of the same
kind or class or number or value, similar, comparable, like (with instr. or gen. [cf. ii., 3,
72] or ifc. ; e.g. %{tena} [Mn. iv, 86] or %{etasya} [Kat2hUp. i, 22] or %{etat-} [24], `"
equal to him "') Ka1tyS3r. La1t2y. Pa1n2. &c. ; fit for (instr.) Su1ryas. xiv, 6 ; even
VarBr2. iv, 21 ; n. N. of a dance ; (%{am}) ind. equally, in like manner Pa1n2. MBh. R.
Hariv. ; contemporaneously Dharmas3arm. xvii, 14.
tulyaM = equivalent, comparable
tulyaH = equal
tumburu m. N. of a pupil of Kala1pin Pa1n2. 4-3, 104 Ka1s3. (Ka1r.) ; of a Gandharva
MBh. &c. (`" attendant of the 5th Arhat of the present Avasarpin2i1 "' Jain.) ; n.
coriander or the fruit of Diospyros embryopteris (also %{-rI} and %{tubarI} L.) Sus3r. iv
; vi, 42, 67 and (metrically %{-rU}) 118 Pa1n2. 6-1, 143 Ka1s3.
tumulaH = uproarious
tuNDaM = jaws/mouth?
turaashaah *= nom. %{SAT} , (Pa1n2. 3-2 , 63) overpowering the mighty or
overpowering quickly RV. and VS. xx (Indra) Hariv. 14114 (Vishn2u ; voc. %{-SAT}) ; m.
(acc. %{-sAham} ; cf. Pa1n2. 8-3 , 56) Indra Ragh. xv , 40 Kum. ii , 1 BhP. viii , 11 , 26.
turya* = mfn. (Pn. 5-2, 51 Vrtt. 1) 4th BhP. Vet. Srut.; forming a 4th part BhP.; n. the
4th state of soul (see {-rIya}), vii, 9, 32 Hathhapr. iv, 45 RmatUp. ii, 4, 15 Sch.; mfn.

being in that state of soul BhP. vi f.

turyaa* = f. superior power TS.ii, 2, 12.
tush.h = to be satisfied
tushhaara = (m) ice/snow
tushhTaH = satisfied
tushhTiH = satisfaction
tushhTishchaastu = tushhTiH + cha + astu:happiness + and + let there be
tushhTuvaa.nsaH = May we satisfy or make them happy?
tushhNiM = silent
tushhyati = (4 pp) to be pleased
tushhyanti = become pleased
tushita* = m. pl. a class of celestial beings MBh. xiii, 1371 Buddh. &c. (12 in number
Hariv. VP. BhP. iv, 1, 8 VyuP. ii, 6; 36 in number L.); sg. Vishnu in the 3rd Manv-antara
Vishn. iic, 47 VP. iii, 1, 38; ({A}) f. N. of the wife of Veda-s'iras and mother of the
Tushitas, 37 BhP. viii, 1, 21.
tushthi * = f. satisfaction, contentment Mn. MBh. &c. (9 kinds are reckoned in

Snkhyaphil. Kap. iii, 39 Snkhyak. 47 and 50 Tattvas.; `" Satisfaction "' personified
[Hariv. 9498] as daughter of Daksha and mother of Santosha or Muda VP. i, 7 BhP. iv, 1,
49 f. MrkP. l; or as daughter of Paurnamsa VyuP. i, 28, 8 LingaP.; as a deity sprung
from the Kals of Prakriiti "' BrahmaP. ii, 1; as a Mtriik, Bhavadev.; as a S'akti Hcat. i,
5, 197); N. of a Kal of the moon BrahmaP. ii, 15; the plant {vRddhi} L.
tushthi-kara * = mfn. causing satisfaction Mn. xi, 234.
tushthimat * = mfn. satisfied Hariv. iii, 86, 16, Nl.; m. N. of a prince VP. iv, 14, 5 BhP.
ix, 24, 23.
tushtha * = mfn. satisfied, pleased MBh. &c.; m. N. of a prince VyuP. ii, 34, 122.
tushtha * = {-STi}, {-Sya} see {tuS}.
tusta * = m. n. dust (= {tUs-}) L. Sch.
tuuda* = m. the cotton tree L.; = {tUta} ($) Npr.; Thespesia populneoides L.; ({I}) f. N.
of a district Pn. 4-3, 94.
tuula * =n. a tuft of grass or reeds, panicle of a flower or plant AV. xix, 32, 3 Kthh.
TndyaBr. ChUp. ({ISIkA-}) Kaus'. p. Pn. 6-2, 121 (ifc. ind.); a pencil DivyA7v. v.
xxxvi; = {tUta} L.; air L.; m. the thorn-apple Npr.; n. (m. L.) cotton MBh. R. &c.; ({A}) f.
id. L.; a lamp wick L.; ({I}) f. id. L.; cotton Snkhyak. 17, Gaudap.; = {-li} Un. Sch.; = {paTI} Subh. RmatUp. i, 86 Sch.; the Indigo plant L.; cf. {a4pa-}, {indra-}, {udak-},
{prAk-}, {bhasma-}, {zaNa-}, {sa-}, {haMsa-},
tuurya * = see {ap-}, {mitra-} &c. \\ 2 n. (m. L.) a musical instrument Pn. Mn. vii MBh.

&c. (ifc. f. {A} KathhUp. Hariv.); cf. {sa-}.\\ 3 mfn. = {tur-}, 4th Rjat. ii, 91; m. N. of a
family W.
tuusta * = n. (Pn. 3-1, 21; ifc. g. {cUrNA7di}) dust, iii, 1, 21 Ks'. Purusho7tt. (Un. iii, 86
Sch.); sin L.; an atom L.; a braid of hair L.
tuvigra * = mfn. swallowing much (Agni) RV. i, 140, 9.
tvadanyena = besides you
tvak.h = skin
tvameva = you only
tvaM = you
tvat.h = than you
tvattaH = from You
tvatto = from you
tvatprasaadaat.h = by Your mercy
tvatsamaH = equal to You
tvayaa = by you

tvayata* - ({tva4-}) mfn. given by thee, vii, 20, 10.

tvAya4t* = mfn. = {tvA4M-kAma} RV.
tvAyA* = ind. out of love towards thee, for thee, i-v
tvayi V* = in yourself, of you, unto you
tvarate = (1 ap) to hurry, to hasten
tvaramaaNaaH = rushing
tvaraa = hurry
tvarita = quick, without delay
tvahaM = tu + aham: emphasis + I
tvaa = unto you
tvaaM = to you
tvaca * =. skin (ifc. see {mukta-}, {mRdu-}) Un. ii, 63 Sch.; cinnamon, cinnamon tree R.
iii, 39, 22 Sus'r.; Cassia bark L.; ({A}) f. skin L.; cf. {guDa-}; {tanu-} and {pRthaktvacA}.
tvca: relating to the skin

tvai = with regard to thee

tyaaga = sacrificing/abandonment* = m. (Pn. 6-1, 216) leaving, abandoning, forsaking
Mn. &c.; quitting (a place, {deza-}) Pacat.; discharging, secretion MBh. xiv, 630
VarBriS. giving up, resigning, gift, donation, distribution KtyS'r. Mn. &c.; sacrificing
one's life RV. iv, 24, 3; liberality Mn. ii, 97 R. &c.; a sage L.; cf. {Atma-}, {tanu-}, {deha}, {prA7Na-}, {zarIra-}.
tyaagaM = renunciation
tyaagaH = renunciation
tyaagasya = of renunciation
tyaagaat.h = by such renunciation
tyaagii = the renouncer
tyaage = in the matter of renunciation
tyaajana n. abandoning (worldly attachments, %{saGgAnAm}) BhP. xi, 20, 26.
tyaajita * = mfn. made to abandon (with acc.) Kaths. lxxxvi, 13; made to give up MrkP.
lxxxix, 19; deprived of (acc.) MBh. xiii Kum. vii, 14 Megh. &c.; expelled Pacad. iii, 60;
caused to be disregarded Ragh. vi, 56.
tyaajya * = mfn. (Pn. 7-3, 66 Vrtt.) to be left or abandoned or quitted or shunned or
expelled or removed Mn. ix, 83 MBh. &c.; to be given up Bhag. &c.; to be sacrificed Das'.

vii, 211; to be excepted W.; n. part of an asterism or its duration considered as unlucky
W.
tyajana * = n. leaving, abandoning W. ; giving W. ; excepting, exclusion W. ; expelling
AV. Paipp. xix, 12, 4.
tyajanIya * = mfn. to be left or abandoned W. ; to be avoided or excepted W.
tyaajyaM = to be given up
tyak.h = to sacrifice
tyakta = giving up
tyaktajiivitaaH = prepared to risk life
tyaktuM = to be renounced
tyaktvaa = having abandoned/sacrificed
tyaktvaa.atmaanaM = having abandoned see as one's own self
tyaj.h = to leave
tyajati = (1 pp) to abandon, to relinquish
tyaja* = n. abandonment, difficulty, danger RV.; alienation, aversion, envy (= {krodha}
Naigh. ii, 13) RV.; {-ja4s} m. `" offshoot "', a descendant, x, 10, 3.

tyaj* = 1 cl. 1. {-jati} (metrically also {-te}; pf. Ved. {tityA4ja}, Class. {tat-} Pn. 6-1, 36;
{tatyaja} BhP. iii, 4; fut. {tyakSyati} Pn. 7-2, 10 Kr.; {tyajiSy-} R. ii, vii MrkP.; aor.
{atyAhSIt}; inf. {tyaktum}) to leave, abandon, quit RV. x, 71, 6 Mn. MBh. &c.; to leave a
place, go away from Mn. vi, 77 MBh. &c.; to let go, dismiss, discharge VarBriS. xvii, 22
Bhathth.; to give up, surrender, resign, part from, renounce s'Up. 1 Mn. MBh. &c.
({tanum} or {deham} or {kalevaram}, `" to abandon the body, die "' Mn. vi MBh. &c.;
{prANAn} or {zvAsam} or {jIvitam}, `" to give up breath or life, risk or lose one's life "'
MBh. R. &c.); P. . to shun, avoid, get rid of, free one's self from (any passion &c.) MBh.
&c.; to give away, distribute, offer (as a sacrifice or oblation to a deity; {tyajate}
etymologically = $) Mn. Yj. MBh. &c.; to set aside, leave unnoticed, disregard
S'nkhS'r. Mn. iii MBh. i, 3098 Hit. ii, 3, 30; (ind. p. {tyaktvA}) to except VarBriS.
Caurap. Sch.; Pass. {tyajyate}, to be abandoned by, get rid of (instr.) Pacat. i, 10, 0/1:
Caus. {tyAjayati} (aor. {atityajat} Bhathth.) to cause anyone to quit MBh. xiii, 288; to
cause anyone to give up Kaths. lxxxiii, 34; to expel, turn out, xx, 126; to cause any one
to lose, deprive of (instr.) Bhathth. xv, 120; to empty the body by evacuations Bhpr.:
Desid. {tityakSati}, to be about to lose (one's life, {prANAn}) Car. v, 10 and 12.
tyaj* = 2 mfn. ifc. leaving, abandoning W.; giving up, offering BhP. viii Rjat. iv; cf.
{tanu-}, {tanU-}, {su-}.
tyajana* = n. leaving, abandoning W.; giving W.; excepting, exclusion W.; expelling AV.
Paipp. xix, 12, 4.
tyajita* = mfn. = {tyakta} Hariv. ii, 2, 22.
tyajan.h = quitting

tyajet.h = one must give up

U
uh * =cl. 1. P. %{ohati}, %{uvoha}, %{auhIt}, &c., to give pain, hurt, kill L. (cf. 1. %{Uh}.)
[221,1]
uuh * =1 cl. 1. P. A1. %{Uhati}, %{-te}, %{UhAMcakAra} and %{-cakre}, %{UhitA}, %
{auhIt}, %{auhiSTa} (connected with %{vah}, q.v., and in some forms not to be
distinguished from it), to push, thrust, move, remove (only when compounded with
prepositions); to change, alter, modify S3a1n3khS3r. Comm. on Nya1yam.
uuh * = 2 cl. 1. P. A1. %{Uhati}, %{-te} (Ved. %{ohate}), %{UhAM-cakAra}, &c. (by
native authorities not distinguished from 1. %{Uh} above), to observe, mark, note, attend
to, heed, regard RV. AV. xx, 131, 10; to expect, hope for, wait for, listen for RV.; to
comprehend, conceive, conjecture, guess, suppose, infer, reason, deliberate upon MBh.
BhP. Nya1yam. Bhat2t2. &c.: Caus. %{Uhayati} (aor. %{aujihat}), to consider, heed
MBh.; to cause to suppose or infer Bhat2t2.
uuru * = m. [the f. may be {U} at the end of compounds in comparison Pn. 4-1, 69], (fr.
{UrNu} Un. i, 31) the thigh, shank RV. AV. VS. TS. S'Br. MBh. Mn. &c.; N. of an
ngirasa and author of a Vedic hymn; N. of a son of Manu Ckshusha.
ubhaya = both* mf(%{I})n. (only sg. and pl.; according to Hara-datta also du. see Siddh.
vol. i, p. 98) both, of both kinds, in both ways, in both manners RV. AV. TS. S3Br. AitA1r.
Mn. &c.; (%{I}) f. a kind of bricks S3ulbas.

ubhayaa* = 1 ind. in both ways RV. x, 108, 6.\\2 (in comp. for %{ubhaya} above).
ubhayatra = at both places
ubhayoH = both
ubhe = both
ubhau = both
ucca* = mfn. (said to be fr. {ca} fr. {aJc} with 1. {ud}), high, lofty, elevated; tall MBh.
Kum. S'is'. Kaths. &c.; deep Caurap.; high-sounding, loud Bhartri. VarBriS.;
pronounced with the Udtta accent RPrt. VPrt. &c.; intense, violent R.; m. height
MBh.; the apex of the orbit of a planet, Klas. R. &c.; compar. {ucca-tara}, superl.
{ucca-tama}; [cf. Hib. {uchdan}, `" a hillock "'; Cambro-Brit. {uched}, `" cleve. "'
uccaa* = ind. above (in heaven), from above, upwards RV. AV. xiii, 2, 36.
uchchaara = pronunciation
uccaarita mfn. pronounced, uttered, articulated L. ; having excretion, one who has had
evacuation of the bowels Gaut. Sus3r. ; (%{am}) n. evacuation of the bowels Sus3r.
uccarita* = mfn. gone up or out, risen ; uttered, articulated ; (%{am}) n. excrement,
dung BhP. Sus3r. Mn. Hit.
uchchaarya = having uttered or pronounced

uchchaiH = up
uchchaiHshravasaM = Uccaihsrava
uchchha = Exalted Planet
uchchhabda = loud sound (masc)
uchchhishhTaM = remnants of food eaten by others
uchchhoshhaNaM = drying up
uchchhritaM = high
uchyate = is said
udaahri *= P. %{-A4-harati} , to set up , put up S3Br. i , 1 , 1 , 22 ; to relate , declare ,
announce ; to quote , cite , illustrate ; to name , call S3Br. Gobh. A1s3vS3r. Baudh. MBh.
RPra1t. &c.: Pass. %{-hriya4te} , to be set up or put up TS. vi , 2 , 9 , 4.
uDDaayayati = to fly
uDDiyaana = a fetter or binding involving the raising of the diaphragm
ud * = 1 a particle and prefix to verbs and nouns. (As implying superiority in place, rank,
station, or power) up, upwards; upon, on; over, above. (As implying separation and
disjunction) out, out of, from, off, away from, apart. (According to native authorities
{ud} may also imply publicity, pride, indisposition, weakness, helplessness, binding,

loosing, existence, acquisition.) {ud} is not used as a separable adverb or preposition; in

those rare cases, in which it appears in the Veda uncompounded with a verb, the latter
has to be supplied from the context (e.g. {u4d u4tsam zata4dhAram} AV. iii, 24, 4, out
(pour) a fountain of a hundred streams). {ud} is sometimes repeated in the Veda to fill
out the verse Pn. 8-1, 6 ({kiM na ud ud u harSase dAtavA u} Ks'. on Pn.) [Cf. Zd. {uz};
Hib. {uas} and in composition {os}, {ois} e.g. {os-car}, `" a leap, bound "', &c. see also
{uttama4}, 1. {u4ttara}, &c.] \\2 or {und} cl. 7. P. {una4tti} (RV. v, 85, 4): cl. 6. P.
{undati} (p. {unda4t} RV. ii, 3, 2: Impv. 3. pl. {undantu} AV. vi, 68, 1; 2) . {unda4te}
(AV. v, 19, 4; {undAM cakAra}, {undiSyati} &c. Dhtup. xxix, 20) to flow or issue out,
spring (as water); to wet, bathe RV. AV. S'Br. KtyS'r. s'vGri. PrGri. &c.: Caus. (aor.
{aundidat} Vop. xviii, 1): Desid. {undidiSati} Ks'. on Pn. 6-1, 3; [cf. Gk. $; Lat. {unda};
Goth. {vat-o}; Old High Germ. &57290[183, 1] {waz-ar}; Mod. Eng. {wat-er}; Lith.
{wand-4}.]
ud.hghaaTayati = to open
udaagaa * = 1. P. (aor. 1. sg. {-A74gAm}) to come up or out towards
udaana = the vital air controlling the intake of food and air
udaara = generous *= mf(%{A} and %{I} [gan2a %{bahv-Adi} Pa1n2. 4-1 , 45])n. ( %
{R}) , high , lofty , exalted ; great , best ; noble , illustrious , generous ; upright , honest
MBh. S3ak. S3is3. &c. ; liberal , gentle , munificent ; sincere , proper , right ; eloquent ;
unperplexed L. ; exciting , effecting RV. x , 45 , 5 ; active , energetic Sarvad. ; m. rising
fog or vapour (in some cases personified as spirits or deities) AV. AitBr. ; a sort of grain
with long stalks L. ; a figure in rhetoric (attributing nobleness to an inanimate object).

udaaraaH = magnanimous
udahaara * = mf(%{I})n. fetching or carrying water AV. x, 8, 14 VS. Kaus3. ; intending
to bring water Das3. ; m. `" water-carrier "', a cloud W.
udaahaara * = m. an example or illustration L. ; the beginning of a speech L.
udaara4* = mf({A} and {I} [gana {bahv-Adi} Pn. 4-1, 45])n. ( {R}), high, lofty, exalted;
great, best; noble, illustrious, generous; upright, honest MBh. S'ak. S'is'. &c.; liberal,
gentle, munificent; sincere, proper, right; eloquent; unperplexed L.; exciting, effecting
RV. x, 45, 5; active, energetic Sarvad.; m. rising fog or vapour (in some cases personified
as spirits or deities) AV. AitBr.; a sort of grain with long stalks L.; a figure in rhetoric
(attributing nobleness to an inanimate object).udaasiina = neutrals between belligerents
* = mfn. (pres. p.) sitting apart, indifferent, free from affection; inert, inactive; (in law)
not involved in a lawsuit MBh. Yj. Bhag. &c.; m. a stranger, neutral; one who is neither
friend nor foe; a stoic, philosopher, ascetic.
udaasiinaH = free from care *= mfn. (pres. p.) sitting apart , indifferent , free from
affection ; inert , inactive ; (in law) not involved in a lawsuit MBh. Ya1jn5. Bhag. &c. ; m.
a stranger , neutral ; one who is neither friend nor foe ; a stoic , philosopher , ascetic.
udaasiinavat.h = as neutral
udaaharaNa = example
udaaharaNaaya = for example

udaahritaM = exemplified
udaahrita * = mfn. said, declared, illustrated ; called, named, entitled MBh. BhP.
VarBr2S. &c.
udaahritaH = is said
udaahritya = indicating
udaara* = mf(%{A} and %{I} [gan2a %{bahv-Adi} Pa1n2. 4-1, 45])n. ( %{R}), high, lofty,
exalted; great, best; noble, illustrious, generous; upright, honest MBh. S3ak. S3is3. &c.;
liberal, gentle, munificent; sincere, proper, right; eloquent; unperplexed L.; exciting,
effecting RV. x, 45, 5; active, energetic Sarvad.; m. rising fog or vapour (in some cases
personified as spirits or deities) AV. AitBr.; a sort of grain with long stalks L.; a figure in
rhetoric (attributing nobleness to an inanimate object).
udaaya *= m. emerging , coming forward ; see %{try-ud-}.
udaayam * = P. (Impv. %{-A4yacchatu}) to bring out, fetch out, get fetch out, get off
AV. v, 30, 15: A1. (aor. 3. sg. %{-A7yata} du. %{-A7yasAtAm} pl. %{-A7yasata}) to show,
exhibit, make known Pa1n2. 1-2, 15; (but also aor. %{-A7yaMsta}, in the sense to bring
out, get off Ka1s3. on Pa1n2. 1-2, 15.)
udaaya * = emerging, coming forward; see {try-ud-}
udadhi = sea
udagayana n. the sun's progress north of the equator ; the half year from the winter to

the summer solstice S3Br. Kaus3. A1s3vGr2. &c. ; (mfn.) being on the path of the sun at
its progress north of the equator BhP.
udagaayata *= mfn. extending towards the north A1s3vGr2.
udacana *= n. a bucket , pail (for drawing water out of a well) RV. v , 44 , 13 AitBr.
Ka1tyS3r. &c. ; a cover or lid L. ; directing or throwing upwards ; rising , ascending W.
udaka = (n) water
udapaane = in a well of water
udara = bellies * = n. ( %{dRR} Un2. v, 19; %{R} BRD. and T.), the belly, abdomen,
stomach, bowels RV. AV. S3Br. Sus3r. MBh. Katha1s. &c.; the womb MBh. VP. Car.; a
cavity, hollow; the interior or inside of anything (%{udare}, inside, in the interior)
Pan5cat. S3ak. Ragh. Mr2icch. &c.; enlargement of the abdomen (from dropsy or
flatulence), any morbid abdominal affection (as of the liver, spleen &c.; eight kinds are
enumerated) Sus3r.; the thick part of anything (e.g. of the thumb) Sus3r. Comm. on
Ya1jn5.; slaughter Naish.
udaranimittaM = for the sake of the belly/living
udaram.h = (n) stomach
udarka * = m. arising (as a sound) , resounding RV. i , 113 , 18 ; the furture result of
actions , consequence , futurity , furture time MBh. R. Das3. Katha1s. Mn. &c. ; a remote
consequence , reward ; happy future MBh. ; conclusion , end S3Br. TS. AitBr. ; repetition
, refrain Pa1n2. Ka1t2h. S3a1n3khS3r. ; elevation of a building , a tower , look-out place

MBh. ; the plant Vanguiera Spinosa.

udasta *= mfn. thrown or cast up; raised, thrown &c.
udavasaaya * = ending, concluding
udavaasa *= m. residence in water Pa1n2. 6-3 , 58 MBh. Kum. ; (%{am}) n. a house on
the margin of a stream or pond , a marine grotto &c. W.
udayana * = n. rise, rising (of the sun &c.) RV. i, 48, 7 S3Br. R. &c.; way out, outlet AV.
v, 30, 7; exit; outcome, result, conclusion, end TS. S3Br. Ta1n2d2yaBr.; means of
redemption Car.; m. N. of several kings and authors.
udaya m. going up , rising ; swelling up R. ; rising , rise (of the sun &c.) , coming up (of
a cloud) S3Br. Ka1tyS3r. Mn. S3ak. &c. ; the eastern mountain (behind which the sun is
supposed to rise) MBh. Hariv. Katha1s. &c. ; going out R. ; coming forth , becoming
visible , appearance , development ; production , creation RV. viii , 41 , 2 R. Ragh.
Ya1jn5. S3ak. Kum. &c. ; conclusion , result , consequence MBh. Ragh. Mn. ; that which
follows ; a following word , subsequent sound Pa1n2. 8-4 , 67 RPra1t. APra1t. &c. ; rising
, reaching one's aim , elevation ; success , prosperity , good fortune Katha1s. Ragh. &c. ;
profit , advantage , income ; revenue , interest R. Ya1jn5. Mn. &c. ; the first lunar
mansion ; the orient sine (i.e. the sine of the point of the ecliptic on the eastern horizon)
Su1ryas. ; N. of several men.
udayat.h = rising udaya * m. going up, rising; swelling up R.; rising, rise (of the sun &c.),
coming up (of a cloud) S'Br. KtyS'r. Mn. S'ak. &c.; the eastern mountain (behind which
the sun is supposed to rise) MBh. Hariv. Kaths. &c.; going out R.; coming forth,

becoming visible, appearance, development; production, creation RV. viii, 41, 2 R. Ragh.
Yj. S'ak. Kum. &c.; conclusion, result, consequence MBh. Ragh. Mn.; that which
follows; a following word, subsequent sound Pn. 8-4, 67 RPrt. APrt. &c.; rising,
reaching one's aim, elevation; success, prosperity, good fortune Kaths. Ragh. &c.;
profit, advantage, income; revenue, interest R. Yj. Mn. &c.; the first lunar mansion;
the orient sine (i.e. the sine of the point of the ecliptic on the eastern horizon) Sryas.; N.
of several men. //
udbhR *= P. A1. %{-bharati}, %{-te} (pf. %{-jabhAra} pres. p. %{-bha4rat} ; but %{bibhrat} Gi1t. 1, 16) to take or carry away or out RV. AV. S3Br. ; to take for one's self,
choose, select RV. AV. VS. ; to raise up, elevate RV. viii, 19, 23 ; to carry above, raise up
Gi1t.
udbriMhaNa *= mfn. (%{bRh}), increasing, strengthening BhP.
uddaama * = mfn. (fr. %{dAman} with 1. %{ud}), unrestrained, unbound, set free; selfwilled; unlimited, extraordinary; violent, impetuous, fiery; wanton; proud, haughty;
large, great MBh. Megh. Ra1jat. &c.; m. a particular metre; `" one whose noose is raised
"'N. of Yama L.; of Varun2a L.; (%{am}) ind. in an unrestrained manner, without any
limits Sa1h. Ka1d.
uddama *= m. the act of subduing, taming L.
uddharma *= m. unsound doctrine , heresy.
udiichii = (f) north

uduudashaa = Vinshottari Dasha

udgachchhati = to overflow
udgaara = expression
uddishya = desiring * having shown or explained; stipulating for, demanding; (used as a
preposition) aiming at, in the direction of; with reference to; towards; with regard to, for,
for the sake of, in the name of &c. (with acc.) MBh. BhP. S'ak. &c.
uddiSTa* = mfn. mentioned, particularized; described; promised; ({am}) n. a kind of
time (in music).
uddes'aH = (m) aim, goal
uddes'a* = m. the act of pointing to or at, direction; ascertainment; brief statement;
exemplification, illustration, explanation; mentioning a thing by name MBh. Bhag. Sus'r.
Pacat. &c.; assignment, prescription; stipulation, bargain MBh. R.; quarter, spot,
region, place; an object, a motive; upper region, high situation MBh. Pacat. S'ak. &c.;
(in Nyya phil.) enunciation of a topic (that is to be further discussed and elucidated)
Nyyak.; ({ena} and {At}) ind. (ifc.) relative to, aiming at, Kaths. Sus'r. &c. [188, 2]
uddeshataH = as examples
uddhara = uplift* = m. (in some senses perhaps from 1. {ud-dhR}), the act of raising,
elevating, lifting up; drawing out, pulling out Gaut. MBh. Comm. on BrirUp.; removing,
extinction, payment (of a debt); taking away, deduction; omission Mn. Comm. on Yj.;
selection, a part to be set aside, selected part; exception TS. S'Br. AitBr. Mn. &c.;

selecting (a passage), selection, extract (of a book) Comm. on Kir. x, 10; extraction,
deliverance, redemption, extrication MBh. Prab. &c.; a portion, share; a surplus (given
by the Hind law to the eldest son beyond the shares of the younger ones) W.; the first
part of a patrimony W.; the sixth part of booty taken in war (which belongs to the prince)
W.; a debt (esp. one not bearing interest), KtyDh.; obligation Das'.; recovering
property; refutation Car. Comm. on Nyyad.; ({A}) f. the plant Cocculus Cordifolius L.;
({am}) n. a fire-place L.
uddharshaNa* = 1 (for 2. see p. 189, col. 3) mfn. animating, encouraging R.; ({am}) n.
the act of animating or encouraging MBh.
uddharaNa* = n. (in some meanings perhaps from 1. {ud-dhR} q.v.), the act of taking
up, raising, lifting up MBh. S'rng.; the act of drawing out, taking out, tearing out Mn.
MBh. Sus'r. &c.; means of drawing out Vet.; taking off (clothes) Sus'r.; taking away,
removing Vm.; putting or placing before, presenting, treatment KtyS'r. iv, 1, 10;
extricating, delivering, rescuing Hit. Ragh. &c.; taking away (a brand from the
Grhapatya-fire to supply other sacred fires) KtyS'r.; eradication; extermination; the
act of destroying; vomiting, bringing up; vomited food; final emancipation L.; m. N. of
the father of king S'antanu (the author of a commentary on a portion of the Mrkandeyapurna).
uddhAraNa* = n. the act of raising, elevating; drawing out BhP.; the act of giving out or
paying Pacat. 138, 14 (ed. Kosegarten).
uddharsha* = 2 mfn. (for 1. see s.v.) glad, pleased, happy BhP.; m. the flaring upwards
(of the fire) Sy. on AitBr. iii, 4, 5; great joy; a festival (especially a religious one) L.

uddharshaNa* =2 mfn. (for 1. see p. 188, col. 3) causing joy, gladdening; ({I}) f. a kind of
metre; ({am}) n. erection of the hair (through rapture) L.
uddharati = to draw up (water from a well)
uddharet.h = one must deliver
uddhaaraNa = lifting up
uddhritaM = that which had been lifted
uddhvahantii = she who is bearing or carrying the load
udbhavaM = produced
udbhava * = m. existence, generation, origin, production, birth; springing from,
growing; becoming visible Yj. Mn. Kaths. Pacat. &c.; birth-place S'vetUp. Kvya7d.;
N. of a son of Nahusha VP.; a sort of salt L., (ifc.) mfn. produced or coming from MBh.
Mn. &c.
ud-bhaava * = m. production, generation g. {balA7di} Pn. 5-2, 136; rising (of sounds)
Pushpas. ix, 4, 22.
udbhavaH = generation.
uddhRta *= mfn. drawn up or out (as water from a well &c.) ; extracted , pulled up or
out , eradicated , broken off MBh. R. Sus3r. &c. ; drawn up or out , ladled out , skimmed
AV. xii , 5 , 34 ; xv , 12 , 1 S3Br. &c. ; raised , elevated , lifted up , thrown up or upwards

MBh. Ra1jat. &c. ; separated , set apart , taken away , removed BhP. Mn. &c. ; chosen ,
selected , taken from or out of Mn. &c. ; raised , made strong or famous Hit. ; recovered ;
uncovered ; dispersed , scattered ; holding , containing ; vomited L.
udgrihiita* = mfn. lifted up, taken up, turned up, upraised Megh. &c.
udgrihya* = ind. p. having lifted up; having taken out S'B n. the act of throwing, casting,
discharging (a missile) MBh.; throwing out; exciting, stirring up Car.; saying, speaking,
communicating Kum. Katha1s. Sa1h.
udiiraNa *= n. the act of throwing, casting, discharging (a missile) MBh.; throwing out;
exciting, stirring up Car.; saying, speaking, communicating Kum. Katha1s. Sa1h.
uDupa *= m. n. a raft or float MBh. Ragh. &c. ; a kind of drinking vessel covered with
leather Comm. on Ragh. i , 2 ; m. the moon (the half-moon being formed like a boat)
MBh. Mr2icch. &c.
udvaha * = mfn. carrying or leading up AV. xix, 25, 1 ; carrying away, taking up or away
S3Br. Pa1n2. ; continuing, propagating MBh. R. Katha1s. ; eminent, superior, best L. ;
m. the act of leading home (a bride), marriage BhP. ; son, offspring MBh. R. Ragh. ;
chief offspring Ragh. ix, 9 ; the fourth of the seven winds or courses of air (viz. that which
supports the Nakshatras or lunar constellations and causes their revolution) Hariv. ; the
vital air that conveys nourishment upwards ; one of the seven tongues of fire ; N. of a king
MBh. ; (%{A}) f. daughter L.
udvaaha * = m. the act of leading home (a bride), marriage, wedding MBh. Katha1s.
VarBr2S. &c.

udvaapa* = m. the act of throwing out, removing Comm. on Nyyam.; ejection KtyS'r.
Kaus'.; (in logic) non-existence of a consequent resulting from the absence of an
antecedent W.
udvejaka *= mfn. agitating , distressing , annoying , causing pain or sorrow S3a1rn3g
udvigNa * = mfn. shuddering, starting, frightened, terrified MBh. R. Sus3r. Ragh. &c. ;
sorrowful, anxious, grieving for (an absent lover) MBh. Das3. Bhag. &c.
udyata = uplifted
udyataaH = trying
udyaama =* m. the act of erecting or stretching out S'Br. viii, 5, 1, 13; a rope, cord TS.
S'Br. KtyS'r.
udyamena = (msc.instr.S) effort; exercise
udyamya = taking up
udyaana = garden
udyaanapaalakaH = (m) gardener, mali
udyaanam.h = (n) garden
udyogin.h = industrious

udvarta = plentiful
udvaaha = (m) marriage
udvaa * = to be blown out, go out
udvijate = are agitated
udvijet.h = become agitated
udvegaiH = and anxiety
udyaama *= m. the act of erecting or stretching out S3Br. viii , 5 , 1 , 13 ; a rope , cord
TS. S3Br. Ka1tyS3r.
udyam *= P. %{-yacchati} (aor. %{-ayAn} RV. vi , 71 , 5) , A1. (if the result of the action
returns to the agent Pa1n2. 1-3 , 75) %{-yacchate} (aor. %{-ayaMsta} and %{-yamiSTa})
; Subj. %{-yaMsate} RV. i , 143 , 7 ; inf. %{-ya4mam} MaitrS. ii , 4 , 3) to lift up , raise
RV. v , 32 , 7 ; vi , 71 , 1 & 5 AV. AitBr. S3Br. La1t2y. S3ak. &c. ; to raise , set up , elevate ;
to put up or higher , carry or bring upwards RV. iv , 53 , 1 ; i , 143 , 7 TS. S3Br. Ka1tyS3r.
&c. ; to hold out , present , offer (a sacrifice to gods , or any other thing to men) RV. AV.
TS. MBh. BhP. R. &c. ; to shake up , rouse RV. i , 10 , 1 ; i , 56 , 1 ; x , 119 , 2 AV. xiv , 1 ,
59 ; to raise (one's voice , or rays , or light) RV. ; to undertake , commence ; to be diligent
, strive after (only P. e.g. %{udyacchati@cikitsAM@vaidyaH} , `" the physician strives
after the science of medicine "' Ka1s3. on Pa1n2. 1-3 , 75 ; with dat. or acc. or without any
object) MBh. Hariv. Ragh. Katha1s. Ra1jat. &c. ; to rein , curb ; to guide MBh. ; to keep
away or off , restrain , check TS. vi , 3 , 4 , 6 TBr. iii , 3 , 1 , 3: Intens. %{-yamyamIti} , to

raise , stretch out (the arms) RV. i , 95 , 7.

udyama *= m. the act of raising or lifting up , elevation R. Ya1jn5. Pan5cat. &c. ; undertaking ,
beginning ; the act of striving after , exerting one's self , exertion , strenuous and continued effort ,
perseverance , diligence , zeal R. Kum. Pan5cat. VarBr2S. &c.
udyamana * = n. raising, elevation Pa1n2. Sarvad. ; effort, exertion Das3.

ugra = powerful, noble 1 ugra mfn. (said to be fr. %{uc} [Un2. ii, 29], but probably fr.
a %{uj}, or %{vaj}, fr. which also %{ojas}, %{vAja}, %{vajra} may be derived ; compar. %
{ugratara} and %{o4jIyas} ; superl. %{ugratama} and %{o4jiSTha}), powerful, violent,
mighty, impetuous, strong, huge, formidable, terrible ; high, noble ; cruel, fierce,
ferocious, savage ; angry, passionate, wrathful ; hot, sharp, pungent, acrid RV. AV. TS.
R. S3ak. Ragh. &c. ; m. N. of Rudra or S3iva MBh. VP. ; of a particular Rudra BhP. ; N.
of a mixed tribe (from a Kshatriya father and S3u1dra mother ; the Ugra, according to
Manu x, 9, is of cruel or rude [%{krUra}] conduct [%{AcAra}] and employment [%
{vihAra}], as killing or catching snakes &c. ; but according to the Tantras he is an
encomiast or bard) Mn. Ya1jn5. &c. ; a twice-born man who perpetrates dreadful deeds
Comm. on A1p. i, 7, 20 A1p. Gaut. ; the tree Hyperanthera Moringa L. ; N. of a Da1nava
Hariv. ; a son of Dhr2ita-ra1sht2ra MBh. ; the Guru of Narendra1ditya (who built a
temple called Ugres3a) ; a group of asterisms (viz. %{pUrva-phAlgunI}, %
{pUrvA7SADhA}, %{pUrva-bhAdrapadA}, %{maghA}, %{bharaNI}) ; N. of the Malabar
country ; (%{A}) f. N. of different plants, Artemisia Sternutatoria, Coriandrum Sativum,
&c. ; (%{I4}) f. a being belonging to the class of demons AV. iv, 24, 2 ; (%{am}) n. a
particular poison, the root of Aconitum Ferox ; wrath, anger ; [cf. Zd. {ughra}: Gk. $, $,
Lat. &53966[172,2] {augeo} &c.: Goth. {auka}, `" I increase "' ; Lith. {ug-is}, `" growth,
increase "' ; {aug-u}, `" I grow "', &c.]
ugraM = terrible

ugraH = terrible
ugrakarmaaNaH = engaged in painful activities
ugraruupaH = fierce form
ugraasana = the posterior stretch posture
ugraiH = by terrible
ujjrimbhita * = mfn. opened, stretched; expanded, blown; (%{am}) n. effort, exertion L.
ujjvala = radiant
uktaM = said;
ukta mfn. (p.p. of {vac} q.v.), uttered, said, spoken; m. N. of a divine being (v.l. for
{uktha} q.v.) Hariv.; ({am}) n. word, sentence S'is'. &c.; ({am}, {A}) n. f. a stanza of four
lines (with one syllabic instant or one long or two short syllables in each); [cf. Zd.
{ukhta}.]
uktaH = addressed
uktaaH = are said
uktvaa = saying
uluukaH = (m) owl

ulbena = by the womb

ulkA * = f. (%{uS} Un2. iii, 42), a fiery phenomenon in the sky, a meteor, fire falling from
heaven RV. iv, 4, 2; x, 68, 4 AV. xix, 9, 9 MBh. Ya1jn5. Sus3r. &c.; a firebrand, dry grass
&c. set on fire, a torch S3Br. v R. Katha1s. &c.; (in astrol.) one of the eight principal
Das3a1s or aspect of planets indicating the fate of men, Jyotisha (T.); N. of a grammar.
ullaH = to shine
ullas * = (%{ud-las}) P. A1. %{-lasati} , %{-te} , to shine forth , beam , radiate , be
brilliant BhP. Pan5car. S3is3. &c. ; to come forth , become visible or perceptible , appear
BhP. Katha1s. &c. ; to resound Katha1s. Ra1jat. ; to sport , play , dance , be wanton or
joyful Amar. Chandom. ; to jump , shake , tremble , be agitated BhP. Pan5car. &c.: Caus.
%{-lAsayati} , to cause to shine or radiate , make brilliant Pan5car. Prab. ; to cause to
come forth or appear , cause to resound Sa1h. ; to divert , delight S3atr. Hit. ; to cause to
dance or jump , agitate , cause to move Katha1s. Ra1jat. Hit. &c.
ullasa * = mfn. bright , shining ; sporting , merry , happy ; going out , issuing W.
ullaasa m. light, splendour L. ; the coming forth, becoming visible, appearing Katha1s.
xiv, 13 Sa1h. Kap. &c. ; joy, happiness, merriness Katha1s. Amar. &c. ; increase, growth
BhP. vii, 1, 7 ; (in rhet.) giving prominence to any object by comparison or opposition
Kuval. ; chapter, section, division of a book (e.g. of the Ka1vya-praka1s3a).
ullaasana * = n. the act of shining forth, radiating Ra1jat. v, 343 ; (%{A}) f. causing to
come forth or appear Ba1lar.
ullasitaM = shining

ullola = a large wave

ulmuka *= n. (Un2. iii, 84) a firebrand, a piece of burning charcoal used for kindling a
fire S3Br. AitBr. Ka1tyS3r. A1s3vGr2. &c. ; m. N. of a son of a Bala-ra1ma MBh. Hariv. ;
of a son of Manu Ca1kshusha VP.
uma* = m. a city, town L.; a wharf, landing-place L.
umaa= pArvatI* = f. (perhaps fr. {ve} BRD.) flax (Linum Usitatissimum) S'Br. vi Kaus'.
Pn.; turmeric (Curcuma Longa) Car.; N. of the daughter of Himavat (wife of the god
S'iva; also called Prvat and Durg; the name is said to be derived from {u mA}, `" O
[child], do not [practise austerities] "' the exclamation addressed to Prvat by her
mother) Hariv. 946 S'ivaP. Kum. i, 26 R. Ragh. &c.; N. of several women; splendour,
light L.; fame, reputation L.; quiet, tranquillity L.; night L.
uuma* = m. (Un. i, 143) a helper, friend, companion RV. AV. v, 2, 1; 3 AitBr. S'nkhS'r.;
({am}) n. N. of a town or place Comm. on Un. Siddh.
uu4ma* = Uma
unmad* = ({ud-mad}) P. {-mAdyati}, to become disordered in intellect or distracted, be
or become mad or furious TS. TBr. TndyaBr. S'Br. MBh. Kaths.: Caus. {-madayati}, or
{-mAdayati}, to excite, agitate AV. vi, 130, 4 (see also {u4n-madita}); to make furious or
drunk, inebriate, madden TS.: MBh. R. Das'. (cf. {un-mand}, next page.)
unmakara * = (%{ud-ma-}) m. `" a rising Makara "', a kind of ornament for the ears (so
shaped) BhP. v, 21, 13.

unmanii = samadhi
unmaatha * = m. the act of shaking Prab.; killing, slaughter L.; a snare, trap MBh.;
murderer L.; N. of an attendant of Skanda MBh. ix, 2532.
unmatta* = &c. see {un-mad}.
unmatta* = mfn. disordered in intellect, distracted, insane, frantic, mad AV. vi, 111, 3
AitBr. Yj. MBh. &c.; drunk, intoxicated, furious MaitrUp. MBh. S'ak. &c.; m. the
thorn-apple, Datura Metel and Fastuosa Sus'r.; Pterospermum Acerifolium L.; N. of a
Rakshas R.; of one of the eight forms of Bhairava.
unmishhan.h = opening
unmiilita = opened
unmuulita *= mfn. eradicated , pulled up by the roots ; destroyed R. Vikr.
unmuulayati = to pull out, uproot
unna mfn. wetted, wet, moistened, moist Ka1tyS3r. &c. ; kind, humane L. [184,1]\\
unna see 2. %{ud}.
unnaaha m. excess, abundance BhP. xi, 19, 43 ; impudence, haughtiness BhP. ; sour
gruel (made from the fermentation of rice) L.
unnata *= mfn. bent or turned upwards, elevated, lifted up, raised, high, tall,
prominent, projecting, lofty MBh. S3ak. Hit. &c.; (figuratively) high, eminent, sublime,

great, noble Katha1s. Bhartr2. Sa1h. &c.; having a large hump, humpbacked (as a bull)
VS. TS. La1t2y.; m. a boa (%{aja-gara}) L.N. of a Buddha Lalit.; of one of the seven
R2ishis under Manu Ca1kshusha VP.; of a mountain VP.; (%{am}) n. elevation,
ascension; elevated part TS.; means of measuring the day, SiddhS3ir. Su1ryas.
unnatiiH = (m) progress, developments
unnayati = to lift
unnAha* = m. excess, abundance BhP. xi, 19, 43; impudence, haughtiness BhP.; sour
gruel (made from the fermentation of rice) L.
unnAda* = m. crying out, clamour MBh.; N. of a son of Kriishna Bh
unnidra* = mfn. (fr. %{nidrA} with %{ud}), sleepless, awake S3ak. 137 b Megh.;
expanded (as a flower), budded, blown Katha1s. S3is3. Ka1vya7d. &c.; shining (as the
moon, supposed to be awake when others are asleep; or as the rising sun) Prab.
Prasannar.; bristling (as hair) Naish.
upa = near * = ind. (a preposition or prefix to verbs and nouns, expressing) towards,
near to (opposed to {apa}, away), by the side of, with, together with, under, down (e.g.
{upa-gam}, to go near, undergo; {upa-gamana}, approaching; in the Veda the verb has
sometimes to be supplied from the context, and sometimes {upa} is placed after the verb
to which it belongs, e.g. {Ayayur upa} = {upA7yayuH}, they approached). (As
unconnected with verbs and prefixed to nouns {upa} expresses) direction towards,
nearness, contiguity in space, time, number, degree, resemblance, and relationship, but
with the idea of subordination and inferiority (e.g. {upa-kaniSThikA}, the finger next to

the little finger; {upa-purANam}, a secondary or subordinate Purna; {upa-daza}, nearly

ten); sometimes forming with the nouns to which it is prefixed compound adverbs (e.g.
{upa-mUlam}, at the root; {upa-pUrva-rAtram}, towards the beginning of night; {upakUpe}, near a well) which lose their adverbial terminations if they are again compounded
with nouns (e.g. {upakUpa-jalA7zaya}, a reservoir in the neighbourhood of a well);
prefixed to proper names {upa} may express in classical literature `" a younger brother
"' (e.g. {upe7ndra}, `" the younger brother of Indra "'), and in Buddhist literature `" a
son. "' (As a separable adverb {upa} rarely expresses) thereto, further, moreover (e.g.
{tatro7pa brahma yo veda}, who further knows the Brahman) RV. AV. S'Br. PrGri. (As
a separable preposition) near to, towards, in the direction of, under, below (with acc. e.g.
{upa AzAH}, towards the regions); near to, at, on, upon; at the time of, upon, up to, in,
above (with loc. e.g. {upa sAnuSu}, on the tops of the mountains) [195, 1]; with, together
with, at the same time with, according to (with inst. e.g. {upa dharmabhiH}, according to
the rules of duty) RV. AV. S'Br. {upa}, besides the meanings given above, is said by
native authorities to imply disease, extinction; ornament; command; reproof;
undertaking; giving; killing; diffusing; wish; power; effort; resemblance, &c.; [cf. Zd.
{upa}; Gk. $; Lat. {sub}; Goth. {uf}; Old &60988[195, 1] Germ. {oba}; Mod. Germ. {ob}
in {Obdach}, {obliegen}, &c.]
upaa * = ind. a particular Nidhana or concluding chorus at the end of a Sman Lthy. vii,
10, 1 ff. Sy. on TndyaBr.
upaacaara * = m. proceeding, procedure S3a1n3khS3r. ; established use (of a word)
Nir. i, 4 ; a particular Sandhi (see above), APra1t. iv, 74 RPra1t.
upaadhAv *= P. %{-dhAvati} , to run towards BhP.: Caus. %{-dhAvayati} , to carry or
convey towards S3Br. x.

upaadaa * = 1. . {-datte}, (once P. pf. 3. pl. {-dadus} BhP. i, 8, 12) to receive, accept,
gain, acquire, appropriate to one's self. take away, carry off, steal MBh. BhP. Mlav. &c.
[213, 2]; to take with; to take in addition, include, comprise; to take as help, use, employ,
apply BhP. Pat. (cf. {upA7-dAya}); to seize, lay hold of, gather, take up, draw up MBh.
Ragh. Kum. &c.; to assume (a form or meaning) BhP. MrkP. Pat. &c.; to cling to; to
feel, perceive, experience MBh. vii S'is'. vi, 23 Riitus. &c.; to consider, regard MBh. xii; to
mention, enumerate; to set about, undertake, begin Hariv. Kum. &c.: Caus. P. {dApayati}, to cause to use or employ Comm. on KtyS'r.: Desid. P. {-ditsati}, to strive to
acquire BhP. v, 14, 7.
upaadaaya * = ind. p. having received or acquired &c.; receiving, acquiring &c.; taking
with, together with MBh. Hariv. Kaths. &c.; including, inclusive of BhP. Comm. on
RPrt. &c.; by help of, by means of (acc.) MBh.
upaadhi * = 1 (for 2. see s.v.), %{is} m. that which is put in the place of another thing, a
substitute, substitution R.; anything which may be taken for or has the mere name or
appearance of another thing, appearance, phantom, disguise (said to be applied to
certain forms or properties considered as disguises of the spirit W.) Prab. Bha1sha1p.
Sa1h. &c.; anything defining more closely, a peculiarity; an attribute (%{asty-upA7dhi},
having, `" is "' as an attribute); title, discriminative appellation, nickname; limitation,
qualification (e.g. %{an-upA7dhi-rAmaNIya}, beautiful without limitation i.e. altogether
beautiful); (in log.) a qualifying term added to a too general middle term to prevent
ativya1pti; that which is placed under, supposition, condition, postulate Sarvad.
Veda1ntas. Tarkas. BhP. &c.; deception, deceit MBh. iii, 13017; species.\\= 2 (for 1. see
col. 2) m. ( %{dhyai}), point of view, aim Car.; reflection on duty, virtuous reflection L.; a
man who is careful to support his family L.

upaadhyaaya * = m. (%{i}), a teacher, preceptor (who subsists by teaching a part of the

Veda or Veda1n3gas, grammar &c. ; he is distinguished from the A1ca1rya q.v.) Mn. iv,
141, &c. Ya1jn5. i, 35 MBh. S3ak. &c. ; (%{A}, or %{I}) f. a female teacher Ka1ty. on
Pa1n2. 3-13, 21 ; (%{I}) f. the wife of a teacher Ka1ty. on Pa1n2. 4-1, 49.
upaahaaragriham.h = (n) restaurant
upaakrita *= mfn. brought or driven near, fetched AV. ii, 34, 2; prepared, undertaken,
begun; attended with evil omens, disastrous, calamitous L.; m. a sacrificial animal
(killed during the recitation of particular prayers) L.; disaster, calamity L.
upaalambha *= m. reproach, censure, abuse, finding fault with MBh. Hit. Katha1s. &c. ;
prohibition, interdict Nya1yad.
upaarata *= mfn. resting , lying upon , fixed upon BhP. ; ceasing , turning back ,
returning Kir. iv , 10 ; leaving off , giving up , free from BhP. Ragh. &c.
upaaraama* = m. rest, repose GopBr.
upaaraama * = m. rest, repose GopBr.
upaaraama* = m. rest, repose GopBr.upaarjana = earning/acquiring
upaarama* = m. the act of ceasing BhP.
upaarama* = m. the act of ceasing BhP.\\ m. ceasing, stopping, desisting.
upaaram* = P. . {-ramati}, {-te}, to rest, cease MBh. BhP. &c.; to cease, leave off, give

up MBh. R. BhP. Kum.

upaarata mfn. resting , lying upon , fixed upon BhP. ; ceasing , turning back , returning
Kir. iv , 10 ; leaving off , giving up , free from BhP. Ragh. &c.
upaasaadita mfn. met with, approached g. %{iSTA7di} Pa1n2. 5-2, 88.
upaasad * = P. (Ved. inf. {-sa4dam}) to sit down upon (acc.) RV. viii, 1, 8; to approach,
walk along Kir. iv, 1.
upaasaka* = mfn. serving, a servant Kaus3. Katha1s.; worshipping, a worshipper,
follower Mr2icch.; intent on, engaged or occupied with Kap.; a Buddhist lay worshipper
(as distinguished from the Bhikshu q.v.) Sarvad. Lalit. Prab. &c.; a S3u1dra L.; (%{ikA})
f. a lay female votary of Buddha (as distinguished from a Bhikshun2i1 q.v.)
upaasana* =1 n. the act of throwing off (arrows), exercise in archery MBh. \\* =2 {am},
{A} n. f. the act of sitting or being near or at hand; serving, waiting upon, service,
attendance, respect p. Gaut. Mn. Yj. &c.; homage, adoration, worship (with
Rmnujas, consisting of five parts, viz. Abhigamana or approach, Updna or
preparation of offering, Ijy or oblation, Svdhyya or recitation, and Yoga or devotion)
Sarvad. Vedntas. &c.; ({am}) n. a seat Vait.; the being intent on or engaged in Mriicch.
R.; domestic fire Yj. iii, 45.
upaas' * = 1 (%{upa-} 1. %{az}) P. A1. %{-aznoti}, %{-aznute}, to reach, obtain, meet
with MBh. Mn.\\ 2 (%{upa-} 2. %{az}) P. %{-aznAti}, to eat, taste, enjoy
MBh.upaasana* = 1 n. the act of throwing off (arrows), exercise in archery MBh. \\2
{am}, {A} n. f. the act of sitting or being near or at hand; serving, waiting upon, service,
attendance, respect p. Gaut. Mn. Yj. &c.; homage, adoration, worship (with

Rmnujas, consisting of five parts, viz. Abhigamana or approach, Updna or

preparation of offering, Ijy or oblation, Svdhyya or recitation, and Yoga or devotion)
Sarvad. Vedntas. &c.; ({am}) n. a seat Vait.; the being intent on or engaged in Mriicch.
R.; domestic fire Yj. iii, 45.
upaashritaaH = being fully situated
upaashritya = taking shelter of
upaas'raya* = m. leaning against, resting upon Kaths. Kvya7d.; any support for
leaning against, a pillow, cushion Car.; shelter, refuge, recourse MBh. Bhartri.
upaas'rita* = mfn. lying or resting upon, leaning against, clinging to S3a1n3khGr2.
Kat2hUp. R.; having recourse to, relying upon, taking refuge with MBh. Bhag. Katha1s.
&c.; taking one's self to; approached, arrived at, abiding in MBh. BhP. VarBr2S. &c.;
anything against which one leans or upon which one rests Uttarar.
upaasthaa * = . {-tiSThate}, to betake one's self to, approach, set about, devote one's
self to S'nkhS'r. R.; to approach (sexually) MBh.
upaasate = worship
upaashri = to take shelter in
upaasita*= mfn. served, honoured, worshipped &c.; one who serves or pays worship.
upaas'ri* = P. %{-zrayati}, to lean against, rest on Mn.; to go or betake one's self towards
R.; to take refuge or have recourse to, seek shelter from, give one's self up to, abandon
one's self to Hariv. R. Bhag. &c.
upaatta = obtained

upaastamanavelaa* = f. the time about sunset MBh. x, 1.

upaastamayam * = ind. about the time of sunset S3Br. Ka1tyS3r. [215,2]
upaaviz *= P. %{-vizati} , to enter , enter into any state MBh. R. BhP. ; (the augmented
forms might also be referred to %{upa-viz}.)
upaaya = (masc) means *= m. coming near, approach, arrival Bhartr2. ; that by which
one reaches one's aim, a means or expedient (of any kind), way, stratagem, craft, artifice
MBh. Mn. Ya1jn5. Pan5cat. &c. ; (esp.) a means of success against an enemy (four are
usually enumerated, sowing dissension, negotiation, bribery, and open assault) ; joining
in or accompanying (in singing) S3a1n3khS3r.
upaayataH = by appropriate means
upaayuj* = P. (1. sg. {-yunajmi}) to put to, harness RV. iii, 35, 2.
upabarhaNa * =a cushion, pillow RV. x, 85, 7 AV. AitBr. S'Br. TBr. &c.; ({I}) f. id. RV. i,
174, 7; m. N. of the Gandharva Narada BhP. VP. Pacar. &c. ({upabarhaNa}) mf({A})n.
having a cushion, furnished with a pillow Vait. 36, 7.
upabrim: see upavrim
upabrimhitam V: by combination and permutation; SB 2.9.27 \\accompanied by the
glories of the Supreme Lord; SB 5.4.11-12\\ in which is described; SB 7.10.46\\ being
charged; SB 10.3.20\\ expanded; SB 10.20.30-31\\ overflowing; SB 10.45.4244\\replete; SB 10.48.2\\fully endowed; SB 11.7.21\\ strengthened; SB 11.19.25\\

established; SB 11.21.37\\enriched; SB 11.30.11\\filled; SB 12.10.26

upacaara m. approach, service, attendance Hcat. i, 111, 2 seqq. ; act of civility, obliging
or polite behaviour, reverence S3Br. MBh. S3ak. &c. (64 Upaca1ras are enumerated in
the Tantra-sa1ra, quoted by T.) ; proceeding, practice ; behaviour, conduct ; mode of
proceeding towards (gen.), treatment S3Br. MBh. A1p. Mn. &c. ; attendance on a patient,
medical practice, physicking Sus3r. Pan5cat. Vikr. ; a ceremony Kum. vii, 86 ; present,
offering, bribe ; solicitation, request L. ; ornament, decoration Kum. Ragh. vii, 4 ; a
favourable circumstance Sa1h. 300 ; usage, custom or manner of speech Nya1yad. ; a
figurative or metaphorical expression (%{upacArAt} ind. metaphorically), metaphor,
figurative application Sa1h. Sarvad. Comm. on S3is3. &c. ; pretence, pretext L. ; a kind
of Sandhi (substitution of %{s} and %{S} in place of Visarga) Ka1s3. on Pa1n2. 8-3, 48 ;
N. of a Paris3isht2a of the Sa1ma-veda.
upacara *= mfn. accessory, supplementary S3a1n3khBr. ; m. access, approach S3Br. ii,
3, 4, 30 ; attendance, cure Sus3r. (cf. %{sU7pacara}.)
upacaya * m. accumulation, quantity, heap; elevation, excess; increase, growth,
prosperity MBh. Sus'r. Hit. &c.; ({upacayaM} 1. {kR}, to promote or advance the
prosperity of, help, assist Km.); addition KtyS'r.; the third, sixth, tenth, and eleventh of
the zodiacal signs VarBriS. &c.
upachaya = Houses of earning (3, 6, 10, 11)
upacita * = mfn. heaped up, increased; thriving, increasing, prospering, succeeding
MBh. BhP. Megh. Ragh. &c.; big, fat, thick Sus3r. Car.; covered over, furnished
abundantly, possessing plentifully MBh. Hariv. Pan5cat. &c.; plastered, smeared; burnt

L.
upaciti f. accumulation, increase; augmentation, S3a1ntis3.; gain, advantage; a heap,
pile MBh. iii, 15144; (in arithm.) progression A1ryabh. ii, 21.
upagrahaH = (m) satellite, spacecraft
upadhaanam.h = (n) pillow
upadaa * = 1 1. P. {-dadAti}, to give in addition, add; to give, grant, offer RV. vi, 28, 2
AV. iv, 21, 2; xix, 34, 8 R.; to take upon one's self: Pass. (irr. p. {-dadya4mAna}) to be
offered or granted (as protection) RV. vi, 49, 13.
upadaa4 * = 2 mfn. giving a present VS. xxx, 9; ({A}) f. a present, offering (esp. a
respectful present to a king or person of rank); a bribe Pn. Ragh. S'atr. &c.
upadhaav A1. (p. %{-dhA4vamAna}) to run ; to soar RV. viii , 3 , 21: P. %{-dhAvati} , to
run near , approach hastily ; to have recourse to for assistance TS. S3Br. Ta1n2d2yaBr.
MBh. R. BhP. &c.
upadhaavana *= m. a follower W.
upadrashthri* = %{TA} m. a looker-on, spectator; a witness AV. xi, 3, 59 TS. S3Br.
A1s3vS3r. Ka1t2h. BhP. &c.; (%{upa-dra4STRkA}) f. a female witness MaitrS. iii, 2, 4.
upadrashthrimat* = mfn. having witnesses; (%{ma4ti} loc. ind. before witnesses TBr. ii,
2, 1, 3; 5.)

upadrava* = m. that which attacks or occurs suddenly, any grievous accident,

misfortune, calamity, mischief, national distress (such as famine, plague, oppression,
eclipse, &c.); national commotion, rebellion; violence, outrage MBh. R. S3ak. VarBr2S.
&c. [199,3]; a supervenient disease or one brought on whilst a person labours under
another Sus3r.; the fourth of the five parts of a Sa1man stanza Shad2vBr. Comm. on
TA1r. &c.
upadravin * = mfn. attacking suddenly, falling on; tyrannical, violent; factious; (%{I}) m.
a tyrant, oppressor; a rebel L.
upadhyaata * = mfn. remembered, thought of MBh.
upadhaaraya = know
upadhaatu* = m. a secondary mineral, semi-metal (seven are specified: {svarNamAkSika}, pyrites; {tAra-mAkSika}, a particular white mineral; {tuttha}, sulphate of
copper; {kAMsya}, brass; {rIti}, calx of brass; {sindUra}, red lead; {zilAjatu}, red chalk)
Bhpr.; secondary secretions and constituents of the body (viz. the milk, menses, adeps,
sweat, teeth, hair, and lymph) S'rngS. &c.
upadah * = P. {-dahati} (aor. {-adhA-} {kSIt} MBh. iii, 546) to burn, set fire to S'Br.
Gobh. MBh. [199, 1]
upadadya * = ind. p. having taken or taking upon one's self AV. x, 8, 18 (= xiii, 3, 14).
upadesha = advice
upadeshaH = advice

upadeshayati = giving advice

upadekshyanti = they will initiate
upadeva *= m. an inferior or secondary deity (as a Yaksha, Gandharva, Apsaras, &c.)
BhP. ; N. of several men Hariv. VP. ; (%{A}, %{I}) f. N. of a wife of Vasu-deva Hariv. VP
upadhaa *= 1 P. A1. %{-dadhAti} , %{-dhatte} , to place or lay upon , place near to , put
on or into ; to place , lay , put RV. x , 87 , 3 ; 145 , 6 AV. S3Br. Ka1tyS3r. Mn. Ragh. &c. ;
to put to , yoke (horses) RV. iv , 29 , 4 ; to give or make over , hand over (knowledge) ,
teach Ragh. ; to impose , lay upon , commit , consign Ragh. ; to place under one's self ,
lie down upon R. ; to place in addition , add , connect AitBr. S3Br. La1t2y. &c. ; to
communicate , cause to share in ; to use , employ ; (in Gr.) to lie or be placed close to ,
precede without the intervention of another syllable RPra1t. &c. ; to cause to rest upon or
depend on BhP. \\ 2 f. imposition , forgery , fraud , deceit , trick , false pretence MBh.
Mn. R. ; trial or test of honesty (of four kinds , viz. of loyalty , disinterestedness ,
continence , and courage) Ka1m. Bhat2t2. S3is3. &c. ; (in Gr.) a penultimate letter
Pa1n2. RPra1t. APra1t. Nir. &c. ; condition , reservation L.
upadhaarya: *V= understanding, hearing, thinking, perceiving, listening.
upadharma* = m. a minor or subordinate duty; a by-law Mn. ii, 237; iv, 147; a false
faith, heresy Bh
upadhi* = m. the act of putting to, adding, addition La1t2y.; the part of the wheel
between the nave and the circumference RV. ii, 39, 4 AV. vi, 70, 3 Ka1t2h.; fraud,
circumvention MBh. R. Ya1jn5. Kir. &c.; condition; peculiarity, attribute (Buddh.; see %

{upA7-dhi}); support MW.

upadrashhTaa = overseer
upadruta * = mfn. run after, persecuted, attacked, oppressed, visited (by calamities),
tyrannized over Hariv. R. Katha1s. Hit. Sus3r. &c.; (in astrol.) eclipsed = boding evil,
inauspicious VarBr2S.; (%{am}) n. a kind of Sandhi S3a1n3khS3r.
upagaayana * = n. singing BhP.
upahata = overpowered
upahanyaaM = would destroy
upahaara * = m. offering, oblation (to a deity); complimentary gift, present (to a king or
superior) MBh. Megh. Kaths. &c.; ({upahAraM vi-dhA}, to offer an oblation to a god
[acc.], sacrifice to any one Kaths.); a particular kind of alliance (purchased through a
gift) Km. Hit. &c.; food (dis- tributed to guests &c.) [212, 2]; (with the Ps'upatas) a
kind of religious service (consisting of laughter, song, dance, muttering {huDuk},
adoration and pious ejaculation) Sarvad. 77, 22.
upahartri *= mfn. one who offers or presents , one who serves out (food) , a host Mn. v ,
51.
upahaarya *= mfn. to be offered as an oblation ; to be presented BhP. ; (%{am}) n. an
offering , oblation MBh. BhP.
upahaarin *= mfn. offering , presenting ; sacrificing.

upai = to go to
upaiti = gets
upaishhyasi = you will attain
upaji *= P. %{-jayati} , to acquire by conquest , gain , obtain GopBr. ii , 2 , 16.
upajaayate *V= takes place, develops, manifests, arise, are increased, becomes manifest
upajaayante = are born
upajigamishu * = mfn. (fr. Desid.), wishing or desiring to go near Megh. 43.
upajiiva * = mfn. probably not very different in meaning from %{jIva4} q.v. AV. xix, 69,
2; (%{A4}) f. subsistence TBr. i, 5, 6, 4.
upajivana * = upajIvana n. livelihood, subsistence S'Br. Mn. ix, 207 Yj. iii, 236 MBh.
Pacat. &c.; dependance, submissiveness Prasannar.
upajuhvati = offer
upakalpa * = m. an appurtenance BhP.
upakalpana * = n. the act of preparing, preparation KtyS'r.; ({A}) f. preparing (articles
of food or medicine), fabricating, making Sus'r.; substituting L.
upakalpaniiya * = mfn. to be prepared or procured or fetched Car.; treating of

preparation &c. (as & chapter) ib.

upa-kalpayitavya * = mfn. to be prepared or made Sus'r.
upakalpita* = mfn. prepared, procured, fetched; arranged &c.
upakaraNa = means
upakaara = benefit
upakaaraka = beneficial
upakrama * = m. the act of going or coming near, approach MBh. R. ; setting about,
undertaking, commencement, beginning La1t2y. Ka1tyS3r. BhP. Sa1h. Sarvad. &c. ;
enterprise, planning, original conception, plan Ragh. Ra1jat. Pan5cat. &c. ; anything
leading to a result ; a means, expedient, stratagem, exploit MBh. Ya1jn5. Ma1lav. &c. ;
remedy, medicine Sus3r. ; attendance (on a patient), treatment, practice or application
of medicine, physicking Sus3r. &c. ; the rim of a wheel Hcat. ; a particular ceremony
preparatory to reading the Vedas W. ; trying the fidelity &c. of a counsellor or friend ib. ;
heroism, courage L.
upakramaH = (m) project, undertaking
upakri = to do a favor
upakrita*= mfn. helped, assisted, benefited; rendered as assistance, done kindly or
beneficently &c.; ifc. g. %{kRtA7di} Pa1n2. 2-1, 59; (%{am}) n. help, favour, benefit
S3ak. 165 a Sa1h.

upalipyate = mixes
upala* = m. a rock, stone MBh. Sus'r. S'ak. &c.; a precious stone, jewel Yj. iii, 36 S'is'.
iii, 48 Kir.; a cloud L.; ({A}) f. ({u4palA}) the upper and smaller mill-stone (which rests
on the {dRSad}) S'Br. KtyS'r. s'vGri.; = {zarkarA} L.; [cf. Gk. $; Lat. {apalus}?]
&64342[205, 3]
upalabh.h = to obtain
upalabhyate = can be perceived
upalI * = A1. %{-lIyate}, to lie close to, cling to MBh. viii.
upalabh * = A1. %{-labhate}, to seize, get possession of, acquire, receive, obtain, find
MBh. R. Mn. Mr2icch. &c.; (with %{garbham}) to conceive, become pregnant R.; to
perceive, behold, hear [cf. Gk. $], to &64395[205,3] understand, learn, know, ascertain
MBh. BhP. Pan5cat. VarBr2S. &c.: Caus. P. %{-lambhayati}, to cause to obtain or take
possession BhP. viii, 15, 36; to cause to hear or learn or know Pat. on Va1rtt. 2 on Pa1n2.
1-4, 52; to cause to be known or distinguished BhP. iv, 1, 25: Desid. (p. %{-li4psamAna}
AV. vi, 118, 11) to wish to catch or grasp.
upalaksh * = P. A1. %{-lakSayati}, %{-te}, to look at, observe, behold, perceive
A1s3vS3r. S3a1n3khS3r. MBh. Sus3r. &c. ; to pay attention to, regard MBh. Ka1m. ; to
regard or value as MBh. R. ; to distinguish, mark ; to distinguish by a secondary or
unessential mark ; to imply in addition, designate implicitly Sa1y.: Pass. %{-lakSyate}, to
be observed &c. ; to be implied BhP. Comm. on Mn. Sarvad. &c.

upalakSa * = m. distinction, distinguishing (see %{dur-upa-}).

upalakshaka * = mfn. observing closely or with attention ; implying ; designating by
implication Comm. on Pa1n2. and TPra1t.
upalakshaNa n. the act of observing S3ak. 142, 4 ; designation Ka1tyS3r. Comm. on
Pa1n2. ; the act of implying something that has not been expressed, implying any
analogous object where only one is specified ; using a term metaphorically or elliptically
or in a generic sense ; synecdoche (of a part for the whole, of an individual for the
species, or of a quality for that in which it resides) VPra1t. Comm. on Pa1n2. Sa1h.
Nya1yak. &c. ; a mark Vikr. Katha1s.
upalal *= Caus. %{lAlayati}, to treat with tenderness, caress, fondle BhP. S3ak. 292, 8
Ma1lav.
upalAlita *= mfn. caressed, fondled BhP.
upalambha *= m. obtainment R. S3is3. ; perceiving, ascertaining, recognition Ragh.
S3ak. Sarvad. Nya1yak. &c.
upalaalana*=%{am}, %{A} n. f. the act of caressing, fondling BhP. Comm. on R.
upalaalita*=mfn. caressed, fondled
upama* = 1 mf({A})n. uppermost, highest; most excellent, eminent, best RV. AV.;
nearest, next, first RV. Nigh.
upamaa = comparative* 1 (for 2. see below, and for 3. see col. 3) ind. (Ved. instr. of the

above) in the closest proximity or neighbourhood RV. i, 31, 15; viii, 69, 13. \\2 P. .
(Impv. 2. sg. {-mimIhi}, {-mAhi}, and {-mAsva}; Subj. 2. sg. {-mAsi}) to measure out to,
apportion to, assign, allot, grant, give RV.: . {-mimIte}, to measure one thing by
another, compare MBh. Hariv. Caurap. &c. [203, 3] \\3 f. comparison, resemblance,
equality, similarity; a resemblance (as a picture, portrait &c.) S'Br. MBh. Kum. &c.; a
particular figure in rhetoric, simile, comparison (a full simile must include four things;
see {pUrNo7pama}, {lupto7pamA}, &c.) Sh. Kvya7d. Vm. &c.; a particle of
comparison Nir.; a particular metre RPrt.; (mfn. ifc.) equal, similar, resembling, like
(e.g. {amaro7pama} mfn. resembling an immortal) MBh. Ragh. Das'. Hit. &c.
upamaam *= ind. in the highest degree RV. v , 34 , 9 AV. viii , 3 , 65 SV.
upanagaram.h = (n) suburb
upanadam * = ind. (fr. {nadi} Pn. 5-4, 110), near the river, on the river.
upananda * = m. N. of a Nga; of several men VP. BhP. &c.
upanah * = P. %{-nahyati}, to tie or bind to or up, bind together ; to make up into a
bundle TS. AitBr. S3Br. Ka1tyS3r. A1s3vS3r.: Caus. %{-nAhayati}, to tie up, wrap, dress
(a wound) Sus3r. Car.
upanam * = P. {-namati}, to bend towards or inwards; to tend towards, approach, come
to, arrive at; to fall to one's share or lot, become one's property, share in (with acc. dat.,
or gen.) VS. S'Br. TBr. ChUp. Rjat. &c.; to come to one's mind, occur TS. TBr. i, 1, 2, 8;
to attend upon any one (acc.) with (instr.); to gain the favour of any one (acc.) BhP. vi,
19, 16: Caus. {-nAmayati}, to put or place before (gen.) Gobh. ii, 1, 7; to lead towards or

into the presence of, present any one (gen.) Lalit.; to reach, hand to ib.; to offer, present
ib. Krand.
upanata * = mfn. bent towards or inwards S'Br. KtyS'r. Kthh.; subdued, subjected,
surrendered; dependent on (for protection &c.) p. MBh. Ragh. &c.; brought near to,
approached, near (either in form or space); fallen to one's share; brought about,
produced, existing, being BhP. Megh. &c.
upanAth * = P. {-nAthati}, to ask, entreat Ks'. on Pn. 2-3, 55.
upanAman * = {a} n. a surname, nickname W.
upanetram.h = (n) spectacles, glasses
upanishhat.h = says the `upanishat.h'
upanishhad.h = the philosophical parts of the Vedas.
upanishadtkR * =({upaniSat-kR}), to treat anything as a mystery (?) Pn. 1-4, 79.
upanishada * =n. = 2. {upa-niSa4d} above (esp. occurring ifc.)
upanishAdin * =mf({inI}) n. staying or sitting near at hand S'Br. ix, 4, 3, 3.
upanishkara vm. ( {kRR}), a main road, highway L.
upanishkram * =({upa-nis-kram}) P. {-krAmati}, to go out towards S'Br.

upa-ni-shad * =1 ({upa-ni-sad}) P. (pf. {-ni4-Sedus}) to sit down near to; to approach,

set about AV. xix, 41, 1 S'Br. Kaus'.
upanishad 1 (%{upa-ni-sad}) P. (pf. %{-ni4-Sedus}) to sit down near to ; to approach,
set about AV. xix, 41, 1 S3Br. Kaus3. \\ 2 %{t} f. (according to some) the sitting down at
the feet of another to listen to his words (and hence, secret knowledge given in this
manner ; but according to native authorities %{upaniSad} means `" setting at rest
ignorance by revealing the knowledge of the supreme spirit "') ; the mystery which
underlies or rests underneath the external system of things (cf. IW. p. 35 seqq.) ; esoteric
doctrine, secret doctrine, mysterious or mystical meaning, words of mystery &c. S3Br.
ChUp. &c. ; a class of philosophical writings (more than a hundred in number, attached
to the Bra1hman2as [but see I1s3opanishad] ; their aim is the exposition of the secret
meaning of the Veda, and they are regarded as the source of the Veda1nta and
Sa1m2khya philosophies ; for the most important of the Upanishads see IW. p. 37 seq.)
upaniita *= mfn. led near , brought near RV. i , 129 , 2 MBh. Mr2icch. VarBr2S. &c. ;
led to a man , married (?) RV. x , 109 , 4 = AV. v , 17 , 6 ; adduced ; presented &c. ;
initiated BhP. Mn. ii , 49 Ragh. &c. ; m. a boy brought near to a Guru and initiated into
one of the twice-born classes (by investiture with the sacred thread and other
ceremonies).
upapaada *= m. happening ; effecting, accomplishing ; see %{dur-upapAda} and %
{yatho7papAdam}.
upapada = The sign which is as apart from the 12th lord as the latter is from the 12th
house *= n. a word standing near or accompanying another to which it is subordinate
(either a subordinate word in a compound [but not in a Bahu-vri1hi compound]

generally forming the first member, or a discriminative appellation at the end of proper
names, as %{varman}, %{zarman} &c. ; or a preposition, particle &c. prefixed to a verb
or noun ; or a secondary word of any kind which is governed by or limits the general idea
contained in the principal word) Pa1n2. VPra1t. Sarvad. ; (%{vRkSAH@kalpo7papadAH}, `" those trees which have the word "' %{kalpa} as accompanying word "' = %
{kalpa-vRkSAH} S3is3. iii 59 ; cf. Ragh. xvi, 40) ; a bit, little L.
upapaadita * = mfn. effected, accomplished, performed, done; given, delivered,
presented; proved, demonstrated; treated medically, cured. [202,1]
[samupapAdita mfn. (fr. Caus.) made ready, prepared ib.]
upapadyate = is befitting
upapanna *= mfn. one who has approached a teacher (as a pupil) Sus3r. Veda1ntas. ;
one who has approached for protection R. ; one who has obtained or reached MBh. R.
Ka1s3. on Pa1n2. 4-2 , 13 ; obtained , reached , gained ; happened , fallen to one's share ,
produced , effected , existing , being near at hand MBh. Ya1jn5. Ragh. &c. ; endowed
with , possessed of , furnished with MBh. Mn. &c. ; fit , suited for the occasion , adequate
, conformable S3ak. Vikr. Ra1jat. &c.
upapattishhu = having obtained
upapatti * = f. happening, occurring, becoming visible, appearing, taking place,
production, effecting, accomplishing MBh. BhP. Bhag. Ragh. &c.; proving right,
resulting; cause, reason; ascertained or demonstrated conclusion, proof, evidence,
argument Sarvad. Sa1h. Veda1ntas. Naish. Ra1jat. &c.; fitness, propriety, possibility
Ka1tyS3r. MBh. &c. (instr. %{upa-pattyA}, suitably, in a fit manner); association,

connection, possession; religious abstraction L.

upapannaM = arrived at
uparamatva* = n. the state of ceasing from (all worldly desires and actions) Vedntas.
uparamaNa* = n. the abstaining from worldly actions or desires Vedntas.; ceasing,
discontinuance. [205,1]
uparambh* = P. {-rambhati}, to cause to resound BhP. x, 35, 12.
uparaamam* = ind. near Rma T.
uparam* = P. . (Pn. 1-3, 85) {-ramati}, {-te}, to cease from motion, stop TS. TBr. S'Br.
S'nkhS'r.; to cease from action, be inactive or quiet (as a quietist) BhP. Bhag.; to pause,
stop (speaking or doing anything) S'Br. S'nkhS'r. s'vGri. Pacat. &c.; to leave off,
desist, give up, renounce (with abl.) MBh. R. BhP. Comm. on BrirUp. Das'.; to await,
wait for S'Br. ii, 2, 1, 2; iii, 8, 2, 29; to cause to cease or stop; to render quiet Pn. 1-3,
84: Caus. {-ramayati}, to cause to cease or stop; to render quiet Nir. Ks'.
uparama* = m. cessation, stopping, expiration MBh. R.; leaving off, desisting, giving up
Sus'r. Snkhyak.; death Kd.
uparacita * = mfn. constructed, formed, made, prepared BhP. Bhartri. Kd.
uparata * = mfn. ceased , stopped , quiet , indifferent , patient S3Br. MBh. BhP. &c. ;
dead S3a1n3khGr2. R. Pan5cat. &c. ; ceasing to exist , disappeared , nonexisting ,
Pa1rGr. Mn. BhP. &c. ; withdrawn or retired from , left off , given up R.

uparataM = ceased
uparanjitaiH = splendid, resplendant
uparamate = cease (because one feels transcendental happiness)
uparamet.h = one should hold back
upari = (adv) above
uparaamam* = ind. near Rma T.
uparaama* = m. ceasing, stopping, desisting.
uparajya* = ind. p. having dyed or coloured; darkening, obscuring BhP. iv, 29, 69.
upasad *= 1 P. %{-sIdati} (Ved. Pot. 1. pl. %{-sadema} ; impf. %{-asadat}) to sit upon
(acc.) RV. vi, 75, 8 ; to sit near to, approach (esp. respectfully), revere, worship RV. AV.
TS. S3Br. &c. MBh. Ragh. &c. ; to approach (a teacher in order to become his pupil)
Katha1s. [209,2] ; to approach asking, request, crave for RV. i, 89, 2 ; vii, 33, 9 TS. ii
S3Br. ii ; to approach in a hostile manner BhP. vi, 3, 27 ; to possess RV. viii, 47, 16 AV.
iii, 14, 6 ; to perform the Upasad ceremony (see below) TS. vi, 2, 3, 4: Caus. %{sAdayati}, to place or put upon or by the side of TS. TBr. S3Br. &c. ; to cause to
approach, lead near (see %{upa-sAdita}).\\ 2 mfn. approaching (respectfully),
worshipping, serving AV. VS. xxx, 9 ; (%{t}) m. N. of a particular fire (different from the
Ga1rhapatya, Dakshin2a1gni, and A1havani1ya) VahniP. ; (%{t}) f. attendance, worship,
service RV. ii, 6, 1 ; settlement (?) AV. vi, 142, 3 ; siege, assault S3Br. iii AitBr. Ka1t2h. ;
N. of a ceremony or sacrificial festival preceding the Sutya1 or pressing of the Soma (it

lasts several days, and forms part of the Jyotisht2oma) VS. xix, 14 TS. S3Br. Ka1tyS3r.
&c.
upasada * = mfn. one who goes near W.; m. the Upasad ceremony (see above) ChUp.;
approach W.; gift, donation W.; (%{I}) f. (%{u4pa-}) continuous propagation S3Br. xiv.
9, 4, 23 (= %{saMtati} Comm.)
uparam *= P. A1. (Pa1n2. 1-3 , 85) %{-ramati} , %{-te} , to cease from motion , stop TS.
TBr. S3Br. S3a1n3khS3r. ; to cease from action , be inactive or quiet (as a quietist) BhP.
Bhag. ; to pause , stop (speaking or doing anything) S3Br. S3a1n3khS3r. A1s3vGr2.
Pan5cat. &c. ; to leave off , desist , give up , renounce (with abl.) MBh. R. BhP. Comm. on
Br2A1rUp. Das3. ; to await , wait for S3Br. ii , 2 , 1 , 2 ; iii , 8 , 2 , 29 ; to cause to cease or
stop ; to render quiet Pa1n2. 1-3 , 84: Caus. %{-ramayati} , to cause to cease or stop ; to
render quiet Nir. Ka1s3.
uparama* = m. cessation, stopping, expiration MBh. R.; leaving off, desisting, giving up
Sus3r. Sa1m2khyak.; death Ka1d.
uparamaNa* = n. the abstaining from worldly actions or desires Veda1ntas.; ceasing,
discontinuance. [205,1]
uparamatva* n. the state of ceasing from (all worldly desires and actions) Veda1ntas.
upasaadanavn. the act of placing or putting upon Sa1y. on TBr. ii, 1, 3, 6; approaching
respectfully, reverence, respect BhP.
upasaadana* = &c. see %{upa-sad}.

upasadana* = n. the act of approaching (respectfully), respectful salutation MBh. i;

approaching (a work), setting about, undertaking Gaut.; approaching or going to (a
teacher [gen.] to learn any science or art [loc.]) MBh. iii, 17169; performing (a ceremony
or sacrifice) R.; neighbouring abode, neighbourhood R.
upas'ama* = m. the becoming quiet, assuagement, alleviation, stopping, cessation,
relaxation, intermission Ma1n2d2Up. Prab. Pan5cat. &c.; tranquillity of mind, calmness,
patience MBh. iii Bhartr2. S3a1ntis3.; (in astron.) N. of the twentieth Muhu1rta.
upasarpa * = m. approaching, approach, sexual approach MBh. iii, 2513 (= %{upasasarpa} Ni1lak.; erroneous for %{upa-sRpya} BRD.)
upas'ri* = P. %{-zrayati}, to lean (anything) against TBr. i, 6, 6, 2 S3Br. xiv Ka1tyS3r.:
A1. %{-zrayate} (p. of the pf. %{-zizriyANa4}) to lean against, support, prop RV. x, 18,
12; to cling to, fit closely (as an ornament) RV. vii, 56, 13; to place one's self near to, go
towards MBh. BhP.; to accommodate one's self to ChUp. vi, 8, 2.
upasrishTa* = mfn. let loose towards; sent or thrown off BhP. i, 12, 1; admitted (as the
calf to its mother; also applied to the milk at the time of the calf's sucking) TBr. ii, 1, 7, 1
Ka1tyS3r.; increased; furnished with S3a1n3khS3r.; furnished with an Upasarga or
preposition (e.g. %{dA} with %{A} is said to be %{upasRSTa}) Pa1n2. 1-4, 38 Nir.
APra1t. &c.; visited, afflicted, burdened with, plagued R. Sus3r. BhP. &c.; obscured (by
Ra1hu, as the sun), eclipsed MBh. Mn. iv, 37; possessed (by a god or demon) Ya1jn5. i,
271 R.; (%{am}) n. coition, sexual intercourse L.
upas'rI* = f. an over-garment (fitting closely) KaushUp.

upas'rita* = mfn. placed near, brought to the attention of RV. vii, 86, 8; leaning towards
or upon TS. VS. Ka1tyS3r.
upaas'rita* = mfn. lying or resting upon, leaning against, clinging to S3a1n3khGr2.
Kat2hUp. R.; having recourse to, relying upon, taking refuge with MBh. Bhag. Katha1s.
&c.; taking one's self to; approached, arrived at, abiding in MBh. BhP. VarBr2S. &c.;
anything against which one leans or upon which one rests Uttarar.
upasrishtha * = mfn. let loose towards; sent or thrown off BhP. i, 12, 1; admitted (as the
calf to its mother; also applied to the milk at the time of the calf's sucking) TBr. ii, 1, 7, 1
Ka1tyS3r.; increased; furnished with S3a1n3khS3r.; furnished with an Upasarga or
preposition (e.g. %{dA} with %{A} is said to be %{upasRSTa}) Pa1n2. 1-4, 38 Nir.
APra1t. &c.; visited, afflicted, burdened with, plagued R. Sus3r. BhP. &c.; obscured (by
Ra1hu, as the sun), eclipsed MBh. Mn. iv, 37; possessed (by a god or demon) Ya1jn5. i,
271 R.; (%{am}) n. coition, sexual intercourse L.
upasthaana * =n. proximity, imminence S'ank.
upa-sthaa * =P. . {-tiSThati}, {-te} (irr. aor. Pot. 3. pl. {-stheSus} AV. xvi, 4, 7) to stand
or place one's self near, be present (. if no object follows Pn. 1-3, 26); to stand by the
side of, place one's self near, expose one's self to (with loc. or acc.) RV. AV. KtyS'r.
Gobh. MBh. Mn. &c.; to place one's self before (in order to ask), approach, apply to RV.
AV. S'Br. s'vGri. Ragh. &c.; to come together or meet with, become friendly with,
conciliate (only . Vrtt. on Pn. 1-3, 25); to lead towards (as a way, only . ib.); to go or
betake one's self to Pacat. R.; to stand near in order to serve, attend, serve MBh.
Kaths. &c.; to attend on, worship (only . Kty. on Pn. 1-3, 25, e.g. {arkam
upatiSThate}, he worships the sun; but {arkam upatiSThati}, he exposes himself to the

sun Pat.) MBh. BhP. Ragh. &c.; to serve with, be of service or serviceable by, attend on
with prayers (e.g. {aindryA gArhapatyam upatiSThate}, he attends on the Grhapatya
with a Riic addressed to Indra; but {bhartAraM upatiSThati yauvanena}, (she) attends
on her husband with youthfulness Ks'.) MBh. Ragh. Das'. &c.; to stand under (in order
to support), approach for assistance, be near at hand or at the disposal of RV. AV. TS.
MBh. S'ak. &c.; to fall to one's share, come to the possession of MBh. R. &c.; to rise
against RV. vii, 83; to start, set out Hariv. Das'.: Caus. {-sthApayati}, to cause to stand by
the side of, place before, cause to lie down by the side of (e.g. a woman) AitBr. s'vS'r.
KtyS'r. &c.; to cause to come near, bring near, procure, fetch MBh. R. S'ak. &c.; (in Gr.)
to add {iti} after a word (in the Pada-pthha) RPrt. 842 (cf. {upasthita}).
upa4-stha * =1 m. `" the part which is under "', lap, middle or inner part of anything, a
well-surrounded or sheltered place, secure place RV. AV. VS. AitBr. S'Br. &c.;
({upasthaM-kR}, to make a lap, sit down with the legs bent AitBr. viii, 9, 5 s'vGri.
S'nkhS'r.; {upasthe-kR}, to take on one's lap S'Br. iii); ({as}, {am}) m. n. the generative
organs (esp. of a woman) VS. ix, 22 S'Br. MBh. Mn. Yj. &c.; the haunch or hip; the
anus L.
upa-stha4 * =2 mfn. standing upon AV. xii, 1, 62; standing by the side of, being near at
hand, near L.
upas'ada * = m. (perhaps fr. 2. %{zad}, `" to excel "') a particular Eka1ha or sacrifice
during one day A1s3vS3r. Vait.; removal of an impediment to get children Sa1y. on
Ta1n2d2yaBr. xix, 3, 1.
upasad * = 2 mfn. approaching (respectfully), worshipping, serving AV. VS. xxx, 9; ({t})
m. N. of a particular fire (different from the Grhapatya, Dakshingni, and havanya)

VahniP.; ({t}) f. attendance, worship, service RV. ii, 6, 1; settlement (?) AV. vi, 142, 3;
siege, assault S'Br. iii AitBr. Kthh.; N. of a ceremony or sacrificial festival preceding the
Suty or pressing of the Soma (it lasts several days, and forms part of the Jyotishthoma)
VS. xix, 14 TS. S'Br. KtyS'r. &c.
upasatpatha * = m. the path or way of the Upasad ceremony (see below) S'Br. v, 4, 5, 17.
upa-satti * = f. connection with, union L.; service, worship L.; gift, donation W.
upa-sattR * = {tA} m. one who has seated himself near or at (esp. at the domestic fire),
any person who is domiciled, the inhabitant of a house (with and without {gRha}) AV. ii,
6, 2; iii, 12, 16; vii, 82, 3 VS. xxvii, 2; 4 ChUp.
upa+shaM = to extinguish
upas'am * = P. A1. %{-zAmyati}, %{-te}, to become calm or quiet; to cease, become
extinct AitBr. Kaus3. A1s3vGr2. ChUp. MBh. &c.: Caus. %{-zamayati} and ep. %{zAmayati}, to make quiet, calm, extinguish; to tranquillize, appease, pacify, mitigate
MBh. VarBr2S. Das3. &c.
upas'ama *= m. the becoming quiet, assuagement, alleviation, stopping, cessation,
relaxation, intermission MndUp. Prab. Pacat. &c.; tranquillity of mind, calmness,
patience MBh. iii Bhartri. S'ntis'.; (in astron.) N. of the twentieth Muhrta.
upas'Amaka * = mfn. calming, quieting, affording repose, making patient Lalit.
upas'amakSaya * = m. (with Jainas) the destruction (of activity &c.) through quietism
Sarvad.

upas'amana * = mf(%{I})n. calming, appeasing BhP.; (%{am}) n. the becoming extinct,

ceasing Nir.; calming, appeasing, mitigation MBh. BhP. Sus3r. Pan5cat.; an anodyne.
upasangamya = approaching
upasarga = Prefix
upasat*= (in comp. for 2. {upa-sa4d} below).
upasattva*= n. the being an Upasad ceremony (see below) MaitrS. iii, 8, 1.
upasatpatha*= m. the path or way of the Upasad ceremony (see below) S'Br. v, 4, 5, 17.
upasatti*= f. connection with, union L.; service, worship L.; gift, donation W.
upasattR*= {tA} m. one who has seated himself near or at (esp. at the domestic fire), any
person who is domiciled, the inhabitant of a house (with and without {gRha}) AV. ii, 6, 2;
iii, 12, 16; vii, 82, 3 VS. xxvii, 2; 4 ChUp.
upas'ama m. the becoming quiet, assuagement, alleviation, stopping, cessation,
relaxation, intermission Ma1n2d2Up. Prab. Pan5cat. &c. ; tranquillity of mind,
calmness, patience MBh. iii Bhartr2. S3a1ntis3. ; (in astron.) N. of the twentieth
Muhu1rta.
upastabdha * = mfn. supported, stayed Car.
upastambh* = P. %{-stabhnAti} (1. sg. %{-stabhnomi} TBr. iii, 7, 10, 1) to set up, erect,
prop, stay, support S3Br. Ka1tyS3r.: Caus. P. (Subj. %{-stabhAyat}) to raise, erect, set

up, stay, support RV. ; %{-stambhayati} id.

upashthambha * = &c. see %{upa-stambha}.
upastambha * = m. (less correctly written %{upa-STambha}) stay, support,
strengthening Hit. Comm. on ChUp. ; encouragement, incitement ; excitement Comm.
on Sa1m2khyak. ; base, basis, ground, occasion ; support of life (as food, sleep, and
government of passions) Car.
upastambhaka * = mfn. (less correctly written %{upa-STa-}) supporting, promoting,
encouraging Sa1m2khyak. Comm. on Br2A1rUp.
upastambhana * = n. a support, stay TS. S3Br. Ka1tyS3r.
upastara * = m. anything laid under, a substratum AV. xiv, 2, 21.
upastaara * = m. anything poured under Nya1yam. x, 2, 2.
upastaraNa * = n. the act of spreading over, a cover RV. ix, 69, 5 AV. v, 19, 12 ; the act
of spreading out under, anything laid under, an undermattress, pillow A1s3vGr2. A1p.
BhP. &c. ; the act of pouring under S3a1n3khGr2. i, 13, 16 ; pouring out so as to form a
substratum, a substratum (said of the water which is sipped before taking food ; cf. %
{amRto7pa-}) A1s3vGr2. i, 24, 12 HirGr2. &c. ; scattering grass (round the A1havani1ya
and Ga1rhapatya fire, accompanied with the Mantra %{ubhAv@agnI@upa-stRNate})
Comm. on TS. i, 6, 7, 2, &c.
12 upastava m. praise Sam2hUp.
upasr = (root) go near *= P. %{-sarati} , to go towards , step near , approach , visit TBr.

& Up. AitBr. MBh. Ragh. Vikr. &c. ; to approach (sexually) MBh. iii ; to set about ,
undertake S3a1n3khBr. ChUp.
upasravaNa *= n. the flowing out ; termination of the periodical flow of a woman
Ka1tyS3r. xxv , 11 , 13.
upasrij *= P. A1. %{-sRjati} , %{-sRjate} (aor. A1. 1. sg. %{-sRkSi} RV. ii , 35 , 1: Pass. 3.
sg. %{-sarji} RV. ix , 69 , 1) to let loose upon or towards ; to let stream upon , pour on ,
shed forth RV. vi , 36 , 4 ; x , 98 , 12 VS. xi , 38 TS. v TBr. i S3Br. iii ; to emit towards ,
cause to go near , bring or lead near RV. BhP. ; to admit (a calf to its mother) RV. viii , 72
, 7 ; ix , 69 , 1 VS. S3Br. S3a1n3khS3r. &c. ; to add , subjoin , increase AitBr. A1s3vS3r.
APra1t. &c. ; to visit , afflict , plague , trouble S3Br. xiv ; to come together or into contact
with Car. ; to cause , effect BhP. iv , 19 , 19: Caus. see %{upa-sarjita}.
uupasrishtha *= mfn. let loose towards ; sent or thrown off BhP. i , 12 , 1 ; admitted (as
the calf to its mother ; also applied to the milk at the time of the calf's sucking) TBr. ii , 1 ,
7 , 1 Ka1tyS3r. ; increased ; furnished with S3a1n3khS3r. ; furnished with an Upasarga
or preposition (e.g. %{dA} with %{A} is said to be %{upasRSTa}) Pa1n2. 1-4 , 38 Nir.
APra1t. &c. ; visited , afflicted , burdened with , plagued R. Sus3r. BhP. &c. ; obscured
(by Ra1hu , as the sun) , eclipsed MBh. Mn. iv , 37 ; possessed (by a god or demon)
Ya1jn5. i , 271 R. ; (%{am}) n. coition , sexual intercourse L.
11 upasRta mfn. one who has approached , come near (esp. for protection) TBr. i , 4 ,
6 , 1 BhP. ; approached , applied to TS. ii , 1 , 4 , 6 ; asked for S3a1n3khBr. ; furnished
with , having BhP. iv.
upasrita *=m mfn. one who has approached , come near (esp. for protection) TBr. i , 4 ,
6 , 1 BhP. ; approached , applied to TS. ii , 1 , 4 , 6 ; asked for S3a1n3khBr. ; furnished

with , having BhP. iv.

upas'rita* = mfn. placed near, brought to the attention of RV. vii, 86, 8; leaning towards
or upon TS. VS. Ka1tyS3r.
upasrishtha * = mfn. let loose towards; sent or thrown off BhP. i, 12, 1; admitted (as the
calf to its mother; also applied to the milk at the time of the calf's sucking) TBr. ii, 1, 7, 1
Ka1tyS3r.; increased; furnished with S3a1n3khS3r.; furnished with an Upasarga or
preposition (e.g. %{dA} with %{A} is said to be %{upasRSTa}) Pa1n2. 1-4, 38 Nir.
APra1t. &c.; visited, afflicted, burdened with, plagued R. Sus3r. BhP. &c.; obscured (by
Ra1hu, as the sun), eclipsed MBh. Mn. iv, 37; possessed (by a god or demon) Ya1jn5. i,
271 R.; (%{am}) n. coition, sexual intercourse L.
upasruta* A= finding out, coming to hear, gathering, figuring out
upasevate = enjoys
upasthaa = to stand near, to stand by
upasthaa * 2 mfn. standing upon AV. xii, 1, 62; standing by the side of, being near at
hand, near L.
upastha* = P. . {-tiSThati}, {-te} (irr. aor. Pot. 3. pl. {-stheSus} AV. xvi, 4, 7) to stand or
place one's self near, be present (. if no object follows Pn. 1-3, 26); to stand by the side
of, place one's self near, expose one's self to (with loc. or acc.) RV. AV. KtyS'r. Gobh.
MBh. Mn. &c.; to place one's self before (in order to ask), approach, apply to RV. AV.
S'Br. s'vGri. Ragh. &c.; to come together or meet with, become friendly with, conciliate
(only . Vrtt. on Pn. 1-3, 25); to lead towards (as a way, only . ib.); to go or betake

one's self to Pacat. R.; to stand near in order to serve, attend, serve MBh. Kaths. &c.;
to attend on, worship (only . Kty. on Pn. 1-3, 25, e.g. {arkam upatiSThate}, he
worships the sun; but {arkam upatiSThati}, he exposes himself to the sun Pat.) MBh.
BhP. Ragh. &c.; to serve with, be of service or serviceable by, attend on with prayers (e.g.
{aindryA gArhapatyam upatiSThate}, he attends on the Grhapatya with a Riic
addressed to Indra; but {bhartAraM upatiSThati yauvanena}, (she) attends on her
husband with youthfulness Ks'.) MBh. Ragh. Das'. &c.; to stand under (in order to
support), approach for assistance, be near at hand or at the disposal of RV. AV. TS. MBh.
S'ak. &c.; to fall to one's share, come to the possession of MBh. R. &c.; to rise against RV.
vii, 83; to start, set out Hariv. Das'.: Caus. {-sthApayati}, to cause to stand by the side of,
place before, cause to lie down by the side of (e.g. a woman) AitBr. s'vS'r. KtyS'r. &c.;
to cause to come near, bring near, procure, fetch MBh. R. S'ak. &c.; (in Gr.) to add {iti}
after a word (in the Pada-pthha) RPrt. 842 (cf. {upasthita}).
upades'a * = m. pointing out to, reference to Pa1n2. 1-4, 70 Kap. Ba1dar. Jaim. &c.;
specification, instruction, teaching, information, advice, prescription TUp. MBh. Mn.
Sus3r. S3ak. Hit. &c.; plea, pretext (= %{apa-deza}) Mn. ix, 268 Ragh. Katha1s.;
initiation, communication of the initiatory Mantra or formula Ka1tyS3r.; (in Gr.) original
enunciation (i.e. the original form [often having an Anubandha] in which a root, base,
affix, augment, or any word or part of a word is enunciated in grammatical treatises)
Pa1n2. Ka1s3. Siddh. &c.; N. of a class of writings (Buddh.); a name, title MW.
upakalpita * = mfn. prepared, procured, fetched; arranged &c.
upakship P. %{-kSipati}, to throw at, hurl against BhP. Sa1h. ; to beat, strike S3Br. ; to
strike with words, insult, accuse, insinuate R. ; to allude, hint at Sa1h. Mr2icch. Das3. ; to
speak of, describe, define Sa1h. Sarvad. ; to commence, set about (a work) Mall.

uparama * = m. cessation, stopping, expiration MBh. R.; leaving off, desisting, giving
up Sus3r. Sa1m2khyak.; death Ka1d.
uparata *= mfn. ceased , stopped , quiet , indifferent , patient S3Br. MBh. BhP. &c. ;
dead S3a1n3khGr2. R. Pan5cat. &c. ; ceasing to exist , disappeared , nonexisting ,
Pa1rGr. Mn. BhP. &c. ; withdrawn or retired from , left off , given up R.
uparaama * = m. ceasing, stopping, desisting.
upasaadita *= mfn. caused to come near, led near, conveyed to BhP.
upas'aanta *= mfn. calmed, appeased, pacified ; calm, tranquil BhP. Katha1s. ; ceased,
extinct, intermitted R. Pras3nUp.
upasrishtha* = mfn. let loose towards; sent or thrown off BhP. i, 12, 1; admitted (as the
calf to its mother; also applied to the milk at the time of the calf's sucking) TBr. ii, 1, 7, 1
Ka1tyS3r.; increased; furnished with S3a1n3khS3r.; furnished with an Upasarga or
preposition (e.g. %{dA} with %{A} is said to be %{upasRSTa}) Pa1n2. 1-4, 38 Nir.
APra1t. &c.; visited, afflicted, burdened with, plagued R. Sus3r. BhP. &c.; obscured (by
Ra1hu, as the sun), eclipsed MBh. Mn. iv, 37; possessed (by a god or demon) Ya1jn5. i,
271 R.; (%{am}) n. coition, sexual intercourse L.
upasrita* = mfn. one who has approached, come near (esp. for protection) TBr. i, 4, 6, 1
BhP.; approached, applied to TS. ii, 1, 4, 6; asked for S3a1n3khBr.; furnished with,
having BhP. iv.
upasthe = on the seat

upastha * = 1 m. `" the part which is under "', lap, middle or inner part of anything, a
well-surrounded or sheltered place, secure place RV. AV. VS. AitBr. S'Br. &c.;
({upasthaM-kR}, to make a lap, sit down with the legs bent AitBr. viii, 9, 5 s'vGri.
S'nkhS'r.; {upasthe-kR}, to take on one's lap S'Br. iii); ({as}, {am}) m. n. the generative
organs (esp. of a woman) VS. ix, 22 S'Br. MBh. Mn. Yj. &c.; the haunch or hip; the
anus L.
upasthita *= mfn. come near , approached , arisen , arrived , appeared A1s3vGr2. MBh.
Mn. Ya1jn5. &c. ; present , near at hand , ready for R. BhP. Kum. &c. ; near , impending
Mn. iii , 187 MBh. &c. ; fallen to one's share , received , gained , obtained S3ak. Ragh. &c.
; accomplished , happened ; lying or being upon Sus3r. ; turned towards R. ; approached
, come near to , visited MBh. Ragh. &c. ; caused , occasioned ; felt ; known ; clean ,
cleansed L. ; (in the Pra1tis3a1khyas) followed by %{iti} (as a word in the Pada-pa1t2ha)
RPra1t. VPra1t. Pa1n2. ; m. a door keeper , porter L. ; (%{A} , %{am}) fn.N. of several
metres ; (%{am}) n. (scil. %{pada}) a word followed by %{iti} (in the Pada-pa1t2ha ; cf.
%{sthita} and %{sthito7pasthita}) RPra1t. VPra1t.
upataapa * = m. heat, warmth ; heating Sus3r. L. ; pain, trouble ; paining S3ak. 122, 2
(v.l. for %{anu-tApa}) Sus3r. ; sickness, disease, hurt A1s3vGr2. MBh. Sus3r. &c. ; haste,
hurry L.
upataapaka * = mfn. causing pain, paining.
upatishya* = m. N. of a son of Tishya.
upatishthhaasu* = see {upa-sthA}., mfn. (fr. Desid.), wishing or being about to betake
one's self to Das'.

upavana * = n. a small forest or wood, grove, garden MBh. Mn. Megh. &c.; a planted
forest L.
upavastu = (n) by-product
upavishat.h = sat down again
upavishati = to sit
upavishya = sitting
upaviz * = P. %{-vizati}, to go or come near, approach RV. viii, 96, 6; to sit down, take a
seat (as men), lie down (as animals) AitBr. S3Br. MBh. S3ak. Hit. &c.; to enter; to stop,
settle one's self MBh. iii; to sit near to MBh. i, 573 R. ii; to set (as the sun) Katha1s.; to
apply or devote one's self to, cultivate BhP.: Caus. P. %{-vezayati}, to cause to sit down,
summon or invite to sit down AitBr. A1s3vGr2. Gobh. MBh. Sus3r. &c.; to cause to settle
BhP. R.
upAviz * = P. %{-vizati}, to enter, enter into any state MBh. R. BhP.; (the augmented
forms might also be referred to %{upa-viz}.)
upavishhTha = seated
upavrajya * = ind. p. having gone towards, coming near, approaching TBr. iii, 10, 11, 3
BhP.; going behind, following
upavriMh * = Caus. {-vRMhayati}, to make strong or powerful, promote BhP. MrkP.
&c. [207, 2]; (see also {upa-bRh}.)

upavRMhaNa [upabRMhaNa]* =. the act of making strong, invigorating, promoting R.

BhP.
upavRMhita * = mfn. made strong or powerful, invigorated, supported, promoted; (ifc.)
increased or supported or aided by, accompanied by MBh. BhP. Kaths. Das'. &c.
upavRMhin * = mfn. invigorating, supporting Kaths.
upayaa * = P. %{-yAti} (inf. %{-yai4}, opposed to %{ava-yai4} see %{ava-yA}) to come
up RV. viii, 47, 12; to come near, go near or towards, approach (for protection), visit,
frequent RV. AV. A1s3vGr2. MBh. BhP. Katha1s. &c.; to approach (a woman for sexual
intercourse) MBh. R. &c.; to arrive at, reach, obtain, to get into any state or condition
MBh. VarBr2S. Ragh. &c.; to occur, befall Hit.; to give one's self up to VP.
2 upaaya &c. see p. 215, col. 2.
3 upaayaa P. %{-yAti}, to come near or towards, approach RV. MBh. BhP. Katha1s.
&c.; to come into any state or condition, undergo Ma1rkP. Kir.
4 upaaya m. coming near, approach, arrival Bhartr2.; that by which one reaches
one's aim, a means or expedient (of any kind), way, stratagem, craft, artifice MBh. Mn.
Ya1jn5. Pan5cat. &c.; (esp.) a means of success aga
upayaanti = come
upayuj.h = use
upayuj* = only . (Pn. 1-3, 64) {-yuGkte} (but also rarely P. e.g. impf. {-ayunak} RV. x,
102, 7) to harness to RV. AV. iv, 23, 3 S'Br. v; to take for one's self, appropriate RV. i,
165, 5 MBh. Mn. viii, 40; to follow, attach one's self to, be devoted; to undertake MBh.; to

use, employ, apply S'Br. AitBr. MBh. BhP.; to have the use of, enjoy (e.g. food or a
woman or dominion &c.) s'vGri. Lthy. MBh. &c.: Pass. {-yujyate}, to be employed or
applicable, be useful or fit or proper MBh. Pacat. Kaths. &c.: Caus. {-yojayati}, to use,
employ Sus'r.; to cause to eat MnGri.; to come into contact BhP.
upayoga = use
upayogitaa = Utility
upetaH = haaving reached or attained
upeta * = mfn. one who has come near or approached, one who has betaken himself to,
approached (for protection), arrived at, abiding in MBh. VarBriS. &c.; one who has
obtained or entered into any state or condition, one who has undertaken (e.g. a vow)
MBh. Ratnv. Sh. &c.; come to, fallen to the share of Prab.; (a pupil) who has
approached (a teacher), initiated Yj. iii, 2 s'vGri. i, 22, 21; 22 PrGri. iii, 10, 10;
accompanied by, endowed with, furnished with, having, possessing MBh. R. Bhag. Hit.
&c.; one who has approached (a woman sexually) T.
upetya = achieving; 1 mfn. to be set about or commenced Ta1n2d2yaBr. iv, 10, 3; 4.//2
ind. p. having approached, approaching &c.
upekshaa = disregard *= m. N. of a son of S'va-phalka Hariv.; ({A}) f. overlooking,
disregard, negligence, indifference, contempt, abandonment MBh. Ragh. Hit. &c.;
endurance, patience; dissent; trick, deceit (as one of the minor expedients in war) L.;
regard L.
upekshita *= mfn. looked at ; overlooked, disregarded &c.

upekshitavya *= mfn. to be looked at ; to be regarded or paid attention to Nir. R. ; to be

overlooked or disregarded, S3a1rn3g.
upendra* = m. `" younger brother of Indra "'N. of Vishnu or Kriishna (born
subsequently to Indra, especially as son of Aditi, either as ditya or in the dwarf Avatra)
MBh. Hariv. R. VP. &c.; N. of a Nga L.; ({A}) f. N. of a river MBh. VP.
upeya * = mfn. to be set about or undertaken, a thing undertaken Mn. vii, 215 Ma1lav.;
to be approached sexually Mn. xi, 172; to be striven after or aimed at, that which is
aimed at, aim Naish. Comm. on VarBr2S.
uposhya* = 1 mfn. to be celebrated or passed by fasting (as time).
upo7shya* = 2 ind. p. having fasted, fasting MBh. Yj. &c.
uragaan.h = serpents
urasthala = place on the chest
uru = thighs\\*= mf({vI4})n. (1. {vR}; {UrNu} Un. i, 32), wide, broad, spacious,
extended, great, large, much, excessive, excellent RV. AV. MBh. Ragh.; ({us}) m. N. of
an ngirasa rshBr.; of a son of the fourteenth Manu BhP. VP.; ({vI}) f. the earth; see
{urvI4}, p. 218, col. 1; ({u}) n. wide space, space, room RV. (with {kR}, to grant space or
scope, give opportunity RV.); ({u}) ind. widely, far, far off RV.; ({uruyA4} MaitrS.; 1.
{urvyA4} and {urviyA4} instr. of the fem.) ind. far, far off, to a distance RV. VS. TS.;
compar. {varIyas}, superl. {variSTha}; [cf. Gk. $, $, &c.: Hib. {ur}, `" very "';
&68196[217, 3] {uras}, `" power, ability. "']

urukrama: 'wide-stride', giant atep, name for vamana.

urvii *= f. (cf. %{uru4}) , `" the wide one "' , the wide earth , earth , soil RV. i , 46 , 2 ; ii
, 4 , 7 S3ak. Mn. &c. ; (%{vI4}) f. du. `" the two wide ones "' , heaven and earth RV. vi , 10
, 4 ; x , 12 , 3 ; 88 , 14 ; (%{vya4s}) f. pl. (with and without %{SaS}) the six spaces (viz.
the four quarters of the sky with the upper and lower spaces) RV. AV. ; (also applied to
heaven , earth , day , night , water , and vegetation) S3a1n3khS3r. ; (also to fire , earth ,
water , wind , day and night) S3Br. i , 5 , 1 , 22 ; rivers Nir.
usha * = 1 m. (for 2. see s.v.) early morning, dawn, daybreak L.; bdellium; saline earth
L.; ({A}) f. see below; ({am}) n. fossile salt L. (cf. {USa}.)
ushaa4 * = f. morning light, dawn, morning RV. AV. xii, 2, 45 VS. &c.; night VP. Car.; a
cow L.; N. of a daughter of Bna and wife of A-niruddha AgP.; burning, scorching Sus'r.;
({A}) ind. at daybreak L.; at night L.
usha * = 2 (for 1. see col. 1) m. (probably for {uza}, fr. {vaz}; cf. {uza-dah}), a lover L.
us'atii* = f. incorrect for %{ruzatI} q.v.
us'at * = 1 %{an}, or %{uzata} m. N. of a king Hariv.\\2 mfn. (pres. p. of %{vaz} q.v.)
wishing, desiring.
uru * = mf({vI4})n. (1. {vR}; {UrNu} Un. i, 32), wide, broad, spacious, extended, great,
large, much, excessive, excellent RV. AV. MBh. Ragh.; ({us}) m. N. of an ngirasa
rshBr.; of a son of the fourteenth Manu BhP. VP.; ({vI}) f. the earth; see {urvI4}, p. 218,
col. 1; ({u}) n. wide space, space, room RV. (with {kR}, to grant space or scope, give
opportunity RV.); ({u}) ind. widely, far, far off RV.; ({uruyA4} MaitrS.; 1. {urvyA4} and

{urviyA4} instr. of the fem.) ind. far, far off, to a distance RV. VS. TS.; compar.
{varIyas}, superl. {variSTha}; [cf. Gk. $, $, &c.: Hib. {ur}, `" very "'; &68196[217, 3]
{uras}, `" power, ability. "']
urugAya * = mfn. making large strides, wide-striding [fr. %{gA} Nir. ii, 7 ; also
according to Sa1y., `" hymned by many, much-praised "', fr. %{gai}] RV. AV. VS. TBr.
&c. (said of Indra, Vishn2u, the Soma, and the As3vins) ; spacious for walking upon,
wide, broad (as a way) AitBr. vii, 13, 13 ; (%{am}) n. wide space, scope for movement
RV. S3Br. Kat2hUp. ; %{-vat} mfn. offering ample space for motion, unconfined ChUp.
uruka = (n) pant
urukrama * = mfn. far-stepping, making wide strides (said of Vishn2u) RV. TUp. ; m.
(Vishn2u's) wide stride MaitrS. i, 3, 9 ; N. of Vishn2u BhP. ; of S3iva.
urjitaM = glorious
urvaarukaM = (Masc.Acc.S)water melon; melon
ushanaa = Usana
ushhitvaa = after dwelling
ushhTra = a camel
ushhTraH = (m) camel
ushhTrapakshii = (m) ostrich

ushhTraasana = the camel posture

ushhNa = (summer) hot, warm; ardent, passionate, impetuous; pungent, acrid; sharp,
activ
ushhNamaapakam.h = (n) thermometer
ushhNarakshakam.h = (n) thermos flask
ushhNiishham.h = (n) turban
ushhmapaaH = the forefathers
usaH = (f) dawn
uSat * = m. N. of a son of Su-yaja Hariv.; a harsh speech; erroneous for
uttishthhaasaa * = f. the intention to leave off ; the wish to leave (a sacrifice &c.)
unfinished Nya1yam.
uvaacha = said
uta = it is said, * 2 ind. and, also, even, or RV. AV. S'Br. ChUp. &c.; often used for the
sake of emphasis, especially at the end of a line after {iti} or a verb (e.g. {sarva-bhUtAni
tam pArtha sadA paribhavanty uta}, all creatures, O king, certainly always despise him
MBh. iii, 1026) MBh. Bhag. &c. (As an interrogative particle, generally at the beginning
of the second or following part of a double interrogation) or, utrum - an (e.g. {katham
nirNIyate kiM syAn niSkAraNo bandhur uta vizvAsa-ghAtakaH}, how can it be decided

whether he be a friend without a motive or a violator of confidence? Hit.) Kum. Kaths.

Bhartri. Sh. &c.; in this sense it may be strengthened by {Aho} (e.g. {kaccit tvam asi
mAnuSI utA7ho surA7GganA}, art thou a mortal woman or divine? Nala), or by {Ahosvit} (e.g. {zAlihotraH kiM nu syAd utA7hosvid rAjA nalaH}, can it be S'lihotra or king
Nala?) Rarely {kim} is repeated before {uta} used in this sense (e.g. {kim nu svargAt
prAptA tasyA rUpeNa kimutA7nyA7gatA}, has she arrived from heaven or has another
come in her form? Mriicch.) Amar. MBh. &c. (As a particle of wishing, especially at the
beginning of a sentence followed by a potential) would that! utinam! (e.g. {utA7dhIyIta},
would that he would read!) ({uta} preceded by {kim}) on the contrary, how much more,
how much less (e.g. {samartho 'si sahasram api jetuM kimutai9kam}, thou art able to
conquer even a thousand, how much more one R.) S'ak. Vikr. Ragh. &c. ({uta} preceded
by {prati}) on the contrary, rather (e.g. {eSa pRSTo 'smAbhir na jalpati hanti praty-uta
pASANaih}, this one questioned by us does not speak, but rather throws stones at us)
Kaths. Pacat. &c.; {uta vA}, or else, and (e.g. {samudrAd uta vA purISAt}, from the
sea or from the moisture in the air); {vA} - {uta vA} or {utA7ho vA7pi} - {vA}, either - or;
{uta} - {uta}, both - and (e.g. {uta balavAn utA7balaH}, both the strong and the weak);
{kim} - {uta vA}, whether - or else.
uu4sha * = m. ({uS} BRD.; {US} T.), salt ground, soil impregnated with saline particles
TS. AitBr. iv, 27, 9 S'Br. Mn. v, 120 Sus'r. &c. (according to the Brhmanas also `" cattle
"'); a cleft, hole L.; the cavity of the ear L.; the Malaya mountain L.; dawn, daybreak L.
(in the latter sense also n. W.); ({A} and {I}) f. soil impregnated with saline particles,
sterile soil KtyS'r. BhP.; ({A}) f. N. of a daughter of Bna and wife of Aniruddha (v.l.
{uSA} q.v.)
utaaho * = and %{utA7ho-svid} see 2. %{uta4} above.

utha * =m. leaves, grass &c. (used in making huts, thatches &c.) L.
utkatha = fierce
utkaTaasana = the the hunkering posture
utkarshhaH = (m) prosperity, growth
utkrityamaana = one who is cut up
utkrishhTa = excellent
utkrishtha* = mfn. (opposed to {apa-kRSTa} and {ava-kRSTa}), drawn up or out;
attracted; extracted; taking a high position; excellent, eminent; superior, best; (ifc. e.g.
{jJAno7tkRSTa} mfn. eminent in knowledge); much, most, excessive Mn. MBh. Pacat.
&c.
utkrishthatA* = f. or excellence, superiority, eminence.
utkrishthatva* = n. excellence, superiority, eminence.
ut-krishtha-bhUma
utkrishthabhUma* = m. a good soil.
utkrishthavedana* = n. marrying a man of a higher caste Mn. iii, 44.
utkrishthopAdhitA* = f. state of having something superior as an indispensable condition

Vedntas. 42.
utkraamati = gives up
utkraamantaM = quitting the body
utsaha *= see %{dur-utsaha= difficult to bear or resist MBh. &c.}.
utsaaha *= m. power , strength ; strength of will , resolution ; effort , perseverance ,
strenuous and continuous exertion , energy ; fimness , fortitude R. Mn. Sus3r. S3ak. Hit.
&c. ; joy , happiness Vet. ; a thread L.
utsedha * = m. height, elevation, altitude S3Br. Car. ; thickness, bigness MBh. Sus3r.
Kum. S3is3. &c. ; excelling ; sublimity R. ; the body R. vii, 116, 19 [Comm.] Ka1s3. on
Pa1n2. 5-2, 21 ; (%{am}) n. killing, slaughter L. ; N. of several Sa1mans.
utsisrikshu *= mfn. (fr. Desid.) , being about or intending to leave off or give up BhP.
utsri *= (%{ud-sR}) P. %{-sarati} , to hasten away , escape AV. iii , 9 , 5 MBh.: Caus. %
{-sArayati} , to expel , turn out , drive away , put or throw away , leave off MBh. Hariv.
Katha1s. BhP. ; to send away Ra1jat. ; to cause to come out MBh. ; to challenge MBh.
uttaara* = 1 (fr. {tArA} with 1. {ud} in the sense of `" apart "') mfn. (an eye) from which
the pupil is taken out BhP. vi, 14, 46; (for 2. {ut-tAra} &c. see {ut-tRR}.) \\2 (for 1. see
s.v. above), {as}?2 m. transporting over Prab.; landing; delivering, rescuing MBh.
[179,3]; ejecting, getting rid of; vomiting; passing away, instability; (mfn.) surpassing
others, excellent, pre-eminent L.

uttangataa = greatness
uttama = exceptional* = mfn. (superlative fr. 1. {ud}; opposed to {avama}, {adhama},
&c.; cf. {an-uttama}), uppermost, highest, chief; most elevated, principal; best, excellent
RV. AV. AitBr. Mn. Pacat. &c. (often ifc., e.g. {dvijo7ttama}, best of the twice-born i.e. a
Brhman Mn.); first, greatest; the highest (tone) s'vS'r. KtyS'r.; the most removed or
last in place or order or time RV. S'Br. MBh. &c.; ({a4m}) ind. most, in the highest
degree R.; at last, lastly S'Br. iii, 2, 1, 21; m. the last person (= in European grammars
the first person) Pn. Kty. Ks'. &c.; N. of a brother of Dhruva (son of Uttna-pda and
nephew of Priya-vrata) VP.; of a son of Priya-vrata and third Manu; of the twenty-first
Vysa VP.; ({As}) m. pl.N. of people VP. MBh.; ({A}) f. a kind of Pidak or pustule Sus'r.;
the plant Oxystelma Esculentum (Asclepias Rosea Roxb.) Sus'r.; an excellent woman
(one who is handsome, healthy, and affectionate) L.
uttamaM = transcendental
uttamaH = the best
uttamavidaaM = of the great sages
uttamaangaiH = heads
uttamaujaaH = Uttamauja
uttara* = 1 mfn. (compar. fr. 1. {ud}; opposed to {adhara}; declined Gram. 238. {a}),
upper, higher, superior (e.g. {uttare dantAs}, the upper teeth) RV. AV. TS. ChUp. Ragh.
&c.; northern (because the northern part of India is high) AV. Mn. Sus'r. Pacat. &c.; left
(opposed to {dakSiNa} or right, because in praying the face being turned to the east the

north would be on the left hand) AV. KtyS'r. MBh. &c.; later, following, subsequent,
latter, concluding, posterior, future RV. AV. KtyS'r. MBh. Ragh. Hit. &c. (opposed to
{pUrva}, &c. e.g. {uttaraH kAlaH}, future time; {uttaraM vAkyam}, a following speech,
answer, reply; {phalam uttaram}, subsequent result, future consequence;
{varSo7ttareSu}, in future years); followed by (e.g. {smo7ttara} mfn. followed by `"
{sma} "' Pn. 3-3, 176); superior, chief, excellent, dominant, predominant, more
powerful RV. AV.; gaining a cause (in law); better, more excellent RV.; m. N. of a son of
Virtha MBh.; of a king of the Ngas L.; N. of a mountain Kaths.; of several men; ({As})
m. pl.N. of a school; ({A}), of. (scil. {diz}) the northern quarter, the north Kaths. &c.; N.
of each of the Nakshatras that contain the word `" {uttara} "' (cf. {uttara-phalgunI},
&c.); N. of a daughter of Virtha and daughter-in-law of Arjuna MBh.; of a female
servant Lalit.; ({e}) f. du. the second and third verse of a Triica (or a stanza consisting of
three verses); ({As}) f. pl. the second part of the Sma-sanhit; ({am}) n. upper surface
or cover MBh. Ragh. Das'. &c.; the north R. Dhrtas.; the following member, the last
part of a compound; answer, reply Ragh. R. Prab. &c.; (in law) a defence, rejoinder, a
defensive measure; contradiction Car.; (in the Mimns philosophy) the answer (the
fourth member of an adhikarana or case); superiority, excellence, competency R.
Pacat. Kaths. &c.; result, the chief or prevalent result or characteristic, what remains
or is left, conclusion, remainder, excess, over and above, (often ifc. e.g. {bhayo7ttara},
attended with danger, having danger as the result; {dharmo7ttara}, chiefly characterized
by virtue; {SaSTy-uttaraM sahasram}, one thousand with an excess of sixty, i.e. 1060;
{sapto7ttaraM zatam}, 107); remainder, difference (in arithmetic); N. of a song Yj.; N.
of each of the Nakshatras that contain the word `" {uttara} "'; a particular figure in
rhetoric; N. of the last book of the Rmyana; ({am}) ind. at the conclusion, at the end
e.g. {bhavad-uttaram}, having the word `" {bhavat} "' at the end; {asro7ttaram IkSitA},
looked at with tears at the close i.e. with a glance ending in tears; afterwards, thereafter;
behind MBh. &c.; in the following part (of a book); [cf. Gk. $.]

u4ttara* = 1 &c. see p. 178, col. 1; for 2. see {ut-tRR}, col. 2. \\2 mfn. (for 1. see p. 178,
col. 1), crossing over; to be crossed (cf. {dur-uttara}).
uttaraa* = ind. north, northerly; northward (with gen. or abl.) Pn. Vop.; ({uttarApatha}, &c. see p. 178, col. 3.)
uttaraM = covering
uttaraNa * = mfn. coming out of, crossing over VS. &c.; ({am}) n. coming forth or out of
(especially out of water) VarBriS.; landing, disembarking; crossing rivers &c. Pacat.
ut-taaraNa * = mfn. transporting over MBh.; bringing over, rescuing; ({am}) n. the act
of landing, delivering; rescuing, helping to cross over or escape; transportation R. &c.
uttararuupaM = having it in the northern direction
uttaraaphaalguni = Twelfth nakshatra
uttaraabhaadrapada = Twenty-sixth nakshatra
uttaraayaNaM = when the sun passes on the northern side
uttaraashhaDhaa = Twenty-first nakshatra
uttaana = an intense stretch
uttishthha = get up

uttishThaasaa * = f. the intention to leave off; the wish to leave (a sacrifice &c.)
unfinished Nya1yam
uttishthhata = (Verb Imp.II P.pl.PP)get up; stand up; rise; arise
uttunga = tall
utthaa * = ({ud-sthA} Pn. 8-4, 61; cf. {ut-tambh}, col. 1) P. . (but not . in the sense of,
`" rising, standing up "' Pn. 1-3, 24) {-tiSThati}, {-te} (pf. {-tasthau} aor. {-asthAt} &c.)
to stand up, spring up, rise, raise one's self, set out RV. AV. S'Br. Ragh. S'ak. Bhag. &c.;
to rise (from the dead) BhP.; to rise (from any occupation), leave off; to finish AitBr.
S'Br. TndyaBr. &c.; to come forth, arise, appear, become visible, result; to spring,
originate from RV. AV. S'Br. TS. MBh. Kaths. &c.; to come in (as revenues) S'ak.; to
rise (for the performance of any action); to be active or brave; to make efforts, take pains
with, strive for; to excel MBh. R. &c.: Caus. {-thApayati} (aor. 1. sg. {u4d-atiSThipam}
AV. vii, 95, 2) to cause, to stand up, raise, rouse, start AV. AitBr. TBr. S'Br. MBh. Das'.
BhP. &c.; to set up, lift up, erect Gobh. MBh. R. Hit. &c.; to get out Hit.; to drive out,
send out, push out AitBr.: Kaths. BhP.; to excite; to produce Ragh. Sh.; to arouse,
awaken, raise to life, make alive, animate; to stir up, agitate S'Br. KaushUp. Hariv. R.
Kaths. &c.: Desid. {-tiSThAsati}, to wish or intend to stand up S'Br. xi, 1, 6, 5; to intend
to leave off (a sacrifice) Nyyam.
ut-tha * = mfn. (generally ifc.) standing up, rising, arising MBh. Ragh. Caurap. &c.;
coming forth, originating, derived from Bhag. Kaths. Rjat. Pacat. &c.; m. arising,
coming forth L.; [cf. Zd. {usta}.]
utthaM = produced of

utthita = strechted *= mfn. risen or rising (from a seat &c.) MBh. Hariv. BhP. Katha1s.
&c. ; risen (from a sickness) Hariv. ; elevated , high VarBr2S. Ragh. &c. ; come forth ,
arisen ; born , produced , originated RV. Mn. MBh. BhP. &c. ; come in (as revenue) Hit. ;
endeavouring , striving , exerting one's self , active MBh. R. Ka1m. &c. ; happened ,
occuring ; advancing , increasing ; extended ; high , lofty , eminent (said of a Praga1tha
consisting of ten Pa1das) RPra1t. ; (%{am}) n. (%{u4t-thitam}) rising , arising AV. iii , 15
, 4.
utthitaa = present
utpaaTin.h = (masc) puller-up
utpaataya = (causative of ut+pat) produce
utpaadanam.h = (n) production, creation
utpatti = production* = f. arising, birth, production, origin Sus'r. MBh. Yj. &c.;
resurrection Mn.; production in general, profit, productiveness, Rjat; producing as an
effect or result, giving rise to, generating as a consequence; occurrence, the being
mentioned or quoted (as a Vedic passage) Jaim.
utpad.h = to obtain
utpiithhikaa = (f) table
utplavate = to jump
utsanna = spoiled

utsava = festival * m. enterprise, beginning RV. i, 100, 8; 102, 1; a festival, jubilee; joy,
gladness, merriment MBh. Ragh. Kaths. Amar. &c.; opening, blossoming BhP.; height,
elevation; insolence L.; passion, wrath L.; wish, rising of a wish L.
utsaadanaarthaM = for the sake of causing annihilation
utsaadyante = are devastated
utsaaha = enthusiasm *= m. power , strength ; strength of will , resolution ; effort ,
perseverance , strenuous and continuous exertion , energy; fimness , fortitude R. Mn.
Sus3r. S3ak. Hit. &c. ; joy , happiness Vet. ; a thread L.
utsikta *= mfn. overflowing, foaming over ; puffed up, superabundant Car. BhP. Ra1jat.
; drawn too tight (as a bow) Hariv. 1876 ; elevated, raised ; haughty, proud ; wanton ;
rude ; crack-brained, disordered, disturbed in mind MBh. BhP. Mn. Katha1s. &c.
utsiideyuH = would be put into ruin
utsrija = give up
utsrij* = ({ud-sRj}) P. . {-sRjati}, {-te}, to let loose, let off or go [182,3]; to set free; to
open RV. AitBr. s'vGri. and S'r. KtyS'r. MBh. S'ak. &c.; to pour out, emit, send forth
s'vGri. MBh. &c.; to sling, throw, cast forth or away; to lay aside MBh. R. Mriicch. &c.;
to quit, leave, abandon, avoid, eschew Mn. Yj. MBh. &c.; to discontinue, suspend,
cease, leave off TS. TBr. TndyaBr. KtyS'r. &c.; to send away, dismiss, discharge AitBr.
S'nkhS'r. MBh.; to drive out or away S'Br.; to hand out, deliver, grant, give AV. xii, 3, 46
BhP. R. Mlatm.; to bring forth, produce, create AV. vi, 36, 2 R.: Desid. {-sisRkSati}, to
intend to let loose PrGri.; to intend to leave BhP.

utsrijya* = ind. p. having let loose, having abandoned &c

utsrijaami = send forth
utsrijya = giving up
utkaNTha * = 1 mfn. having the neck uplifted (on the point of doing anything) Ragh.;
having the throat open (as in crying) BhP.; longing for; m. longing for; a kind of sexual
union L.; ({A}) f. longing for (a beloved person or thing); regretting or missing anything
or a person MBh. Bhartri. Pacat. Amar. &c. \\ 2 Nom. . {utkaNThate}, to raise the
neck; to long for, regret, sorrow for R. S'is'. Bhathth. &c.: Caus. {utkaNThayati}, to cause
any one to lift up the neck; to excite longing, inspire with tender emotions Bhartri.
Kvya7d. &c.
uusa * = salt ground, soil impregnated with saline particles TS. AitBr. iv, 27, 9 S'Br. Mn.
v, 120 Sus'r. &c. (according to the Brhmanas also `" cattle "'); a cleft, hole L.; the cavity
of the ear L.; the Malaya mountain L.; dawn, daybreak L. (in the latter sense also n. W.);
({A} and {I}) f. soil impregnated with saline particles, sterile soil KtyS'r. BhP.; ({A}) f.
N. of a daughter of Bna and wife of Aniruddha (v.l. {uSA} q.v.)
uuchchhabala = Exaltation strength part of Shad Bala
uuna *= mfn. (%{av} Un2. iii , 2 ; ? cf. Zd. %{Una}) , wanting , deficient , defective ,
short of the right quantity , less than the right number , not sufficient ; less (in number ,
size , or degree) , minus , fewer , smaller , inferior AV. x , 8 , 15 ; 44 ; xii , 1 , 61 TS. S3Br.
Mn. Ragh. &c. ; less than (with abl. e.g. %{lakSAd@Una} , less than a Laksha Katha1s.
liii , 10 ; or ifc. e.g. %{tad-Una} , inferior to that one Mn. ix , 123) , less by (with instr. e.g.

%{dvAbhyAm@Una} , less by two S3Br. xi ; or ifc. e.g. %{alpo7na} , less by a little , a

little less Mn. ; %{paJco7na} , less by five &c.) ; less by one (prefixed to decimals from
twenty up to one hundred , e.g. %{Una-viMza} = %{eko7na-viMza} , the twentieth minus
one , the nineteenth).
uupasad * = 1 P. {-sIdati} (Ved. Pot. 1. pl. {-sadema}; impf. {-asadat}) to sit upon (acc.)
RV. vi, 75, 8; to sit near to, approach (esp. respectfully), revere, worship RV. AV. TS.
S'Br. &c. MBh. Ragh. &c.; to approach (a teacher in order to become his pupil) Kaths.
[209, 2]; to approach asking, request, crave for RV. i, 89, 2; vii, 33, 9 TS. ii S'Br. ii; to
approach in a hostile manner BhP. vi, 3, 27; to possess RV. viii, 47, 16 AV. iii, 14, 6; to
perform the Upasad ceremony (see below) TS. vi, 2, 3, 4: Caus. {-sAdayati}, to place or
put upon or by the side of TS. TBr. S'Br. &c.; to cause to approach, lead near (see {upasAdita}).
uurdhva = raised * = mf({A})n. ({vRdh} BRD.; perhaps fr. {R}), rising or tending
upwards, raised, elevated, erected, erect, upright, high, above RV. AV. VS. S'Br. AitBr.
&c. (in class. Sanskriit occurring generally in compounds); ({am}) n. height, elevation L.;
anything placed above or higher (with abl.) L.; ({am}) ind. upwards, towards the upper
part, aloft, above, in the upper regions, higher (with abl.) AV. xi, 1, 9 S'Br. xii KtyS'r.
MBh. Mn. &c.; ({UrdhvaM-gam}, to go upwards or into heaven, die); in the sequel, in the
later part (e.g. of a book or MS.; because in Sanskriit MSS. the later leaves stand above),
subsequent, after (with abl.) S'Br. S'nkhS'r. Sus'r. Mn. &c.; ({ata Urdhvam}, or {ita
Urdhvam}, hence forward, from that time forward, after that passage, hereafter S'Br.
S'nkhS'r. Yj. &c.; {UrdhvaM saMvatsarAt}, after a year Mn. ix, 77; {UrdhvaM
dehAt}, after life, after death MBh. i, 3606); after, after the death of (with abl. e.g.
{UrdhvaM pituH}, after the father's death Mn. ix, 104); in a high tone, aloud BhP.; [cf.
Gk. $; Lat. &69531[222, 1] {arduus}; Gae0l. {ard}.]

uurdhvaM = upwards* = mf({A})n. ({vRdh} BRD.; perhaps fr. {R}), rising or tending
upwards, raised, elevated, erected, erect, upright, high, above RV. AV. VS. S'Br. AitBr.
&c. (in class. Sanskriit occurring generally in compounds); ({am}) n. height, elevation L.;
anything placed above or higher (with abl.) L.; ({am}) ind. upwards, towards the upper
part, aloft, above, in the upper regions, higher (with abl.) AV. xi, 1, 9 S'Br. xii KtyS'r.
MBh. Mn. &c.; ({UrdhvaM-gam}, to go upwards or into heaven, die); in the sequel, in the
later part (e.g. of a book or MS.; because in Sanskriit MSS. the later leaves stand above),
subsequent, after (with abl.) S'Br. S'nkhS'r. Sus'r. Mn. &c.; ({ata Urdhvam}, or {ita
Urdhvam}, hence forward, from that time forward, after that passage, hereafter S'Br.
S'nkhS'r. Yj. &c.; {UrdhvaM saMvatsarAt}, after a year Mn. ix, 77; {UrdhvaM
dehAt}, after life, after death MBh. i, 3606); after, after the death of (with abl. e.g.
{UrdhvaM pituH}, after the father's death Mn. ix, 104); in a high tone, aloud BhP.; [cf.
Gk. $; Lat. &69531[222, 1] {arduus}; Gae0l. {ard}.]
uurdhva\-prasaarita-ekapaadaasana = balancing forward posture
uurdhva\-mukha = face upwards
uurdhva\-retaH = a celibate intending to control(upward) the semen
uurdhva\-hastattanaasana = the up-stretched arms posture
uurdhvamuulaM = with roots above
uurdhvaat.h = from above
uurja * = mfn. strong, powerful, eminent BhP. S'is'.; invigorating, strengthening; m. N.
of a month (= {kArttika}) TS. i VS. S'Br. Sus'r. i, 19, 9 BhP. &c.; power, strength, vigour,

sap MBh. Mn. ii, 55 BhP. &c.; life, breath L.; effort, exertion L.; N. of several men; ({A})
f. strength, vigour, sap RV. x, 76, 1 AV. SV. Sus'r. &c.; N. of a daughter of Daksha and
wife of Vasishthha VP. BhP.; ({am}) n. water L.
uurjaad * =(3) mfn. consuming food RV. x, 53, 4.
uurjaavat * =mfn. powerful, strong PrGri. i, 15, 6 MBh.
uurjayat * =mfn. pres. p. of {Urj} q.v.; ({an}) m. N. of a teacher VBr.
uurjavya4 * =mfn. abounding in strength, sappy, strengthening RV. v, 41, 20.
uurjas * ={as} n. vigour, strength, power S
uurjita *= mfn. endowed with strength or power , strong , mighty , powerful , excellent ,
great , important , gallant , exceeding MBh. Bhag. Ragh. Hit. &c. ; proud , bragging ; (%
{am}) n. strength , power , valour ; (%{am}) ind. excellently.
uurmi = wave *= %{is} mf. (%{R} Un2. iv, 44), a wave, billow RV. AV. VS. Ka1tyS3r.
MBh. Ragh. &c. ; (figuratively) wave of pain or passion or grief &c. R. Prab. &c. ; `" the
waves of existence "' (six are enumerated, viz. cold and heat [of the body], greediness and
illusion [of the mind], and hunger and thirst [of life] Subh. ; or according to others,
hunger, thirst, decay, death, grief, illusion Comm. on VP. W.) ; speed, velocity TBr. ii, 5,
7, r S3is3. v, 4 ; symbolical expression for the number six Ra1matUp. ; a fold or plait in a
garment L. ; line, row L. ; missing, regretting, desire L. ; appearance, becoming manifest
L. ; [cf. Lith. {vil-ni-s} ; Old High Germ. {wella} ; Mod. Germ. {Welle} ; Eng. {well}.]
uurNanaabhaH = (m) spider

uurNaa = (f) wool

uuruu = thighs
uuruuH = (m) thigh
uuta * = mfn. (p.p. of {av} q.v.) favoured; loved; promoted, helped; protected.
uuta *= 2 mfn. (p.p. of {ve} q.v.) woven, sewed.
uuti *= 1 f. help, protection, promoting, refreshing favour ; kindness, refreshment RV.
AV. ; means of helping or promoting or refreshing, goods, riches (also plur.) RV. AV.
S3Br. xii ; enjoyment, play, dalliance BhP. viii, 5, 44 ; = %{kSaraNa} T. \\2 f. the act of
weaving, sewing L. ; red texture ; tissue BhP. ii, 10, 1 ; a mole's hole TBr. i, 1, 3, 3. \\3 m.
(for 1. and 2. see 3. and 4. %{U} above)N. of a Daitya SkandaP.\\see 1. %{Uta} &c., p.
221, col. 1.
uuyate = to weave

V
va*= 1 ind. or (excluded, like the Lat. {ve}, from the first place in a sentence, and
generally immediately following, rarely and only m.c. preceding, the word to which it
refers) RV. &c. &c. (often used in disjunctive sentences; {vA-vA}, `" either'- `" or "', `" on
the one side `" - `" on the other "'; {na vA} - {vA} or {na} - {vA}, `" neither'- `" nor "'; {vA
na-vA}, `" either not'-`" or "'; {yadi vA-vA}, `" whether'-`" or "'; in a sentence containing

more than two members {vA} is nearly always repeated, although if a negative is in the
first clause it need not be so repeated; {vA} is sometimes interchangeable with {ca} and
{api}, and is frequently combined with other particles, esp. with {atha}, {atho7}, {uta},
{kim}, {yad}, {yadi} q.v. [e.g. {atha vA}, `" or else "']; it is also sometimes used as an
expletive); either-or not, optionally KtyS'r. Mn. &c. (in gram. {vA} is used in a rule to
denote its being optional e.g. Pn. 1-2, 13; 35 &c.); as, like (= {iva}) PrGri. MBh. &c.;
just, even, indeed, very (= {eva}, laying stress on the preceding word) KtyS'r. Kv.; but
even if, even supposing (followed by a future) Pac. v, 36/37; however, nevertheless
Bdar. Blar.; (after a rel. or interr.) possibly, perhaps, I dare say MBh. Kv. &c. (e.g.
{kiM vA zakuntale7ty asya mAtur AkhyA}, `" is his mother's name perhaps S'akuntal? "'
S'ak. vii, 20/21; {ko vA} or {ke vA} followed by a negative may in such cases be translated
by `" every one, all "' e.g. {ke vA na syuH paribhava-padaM niSphalA7ram-bhayatnAH}, `" everybody whose efforts are fruitless is an object of contempt "' Megh. 55).
va *= 2 (only L.) m. air, wind; the arm; N. of Varuna; the ocean, water; addressing;
reverence; conciliation; auspiciousness; a dwelling; a tiger; cloth; the esculent root of the
water-lily; ({A}) f. going; hurting; an arrow; weaving; a weaver (?). n. a sort of
incantation or Mantra (of which the object is the deity Varuna); = {pra-catas}; mfn.
strong, powerful.
va*= 3 ind.= {iva}, like, as MBh. Kv. &c. (in some more or less doubtful cases).
vaa = or * = 1 the 3rd semivowel (corresponding to the vowels {u} and {U}, and having
the sound of the English {v}, except when forming the last member of a conjunct
consonant, in which case it is pronounced like {w}; it is often confounded and
interchanged with the labial consonant {b}).

vaa*= 2 cl. 2. P. (Dhtup. xxiv, 42) {vA4ti} (pf. {vavau} Br. MBh. &c.; aor. {avAsIt} Br.;
fut. {vAsyati} Megh.; inf. {vAtum} Hariv.), to blow (as the wind) RV. &c. &c.; to procure
or bestow anything (acc.) by blowing RV. i, 89, 4; to blow towards or upon (acc.) MBh.
xii, 2798; to emit an odour, be diffused (as perfume) S'Br.; to smell (trans.) Vikr. iv, 41
(v.l.); to hurt, injure Vop.: Caus. {vApayati} see {nir-vA} and cf. {vAjaya}: Desid.
{vivAsati} see 1. {van}. [Cf. Gk. $ for $; Lat. &283227[934, 2] {ventus}; Slav. {vejati};
Goth. {waian}, {winds}; Germ. {wa7jan}, {woejen}, {wehen}, {Wind}; Angl. Sax.
{wa7wan}; Eng. {wind}
vaara *= 1 m. (earlier form of %{vAla} q.v.) the hair of any animal's tail (esp. of a horse's
tail, = $) RV.; m. n. sg. and pl. a hair-sieve ib.
4 vAra 2 (fr. 1. %{vR}) m. keeping back, restraining (also mfn. ifc. = difficult to be
restrained TBr.; cf. %{dur-v-}); anything which covers or surrounds or restrains, a cover
MW.; anything which causes an obstruction, a gate, door-way W.; anything enclosed or
circumscribed in space or time, esp. an appointed place (e.g. %{sva-vAraM@samAsthA}, to occupy one's proper place) R.; the time fixed or appointed for anything (accord.
to some fr. 2. %{vR}, to choose), a person's turn MBh. Ka1v. &c. (often, esp. with
numerals, = times e.g. %{varAMs@trIn} or %{vara-trayam}, three times; %
{bhUribhir@vAraiH} or %{bhUri-vArAn} or %{bahu-vAram} or %{vAraM@vAram} or
%{vAraM@vAreNa}, many times, often, repeatedly); the turn of a day (under the
regency of a planet), a day of the week (they are A1ditya-, Soma-, Man3gala-, Budha-,
Guru., S3ukra-, and S3ani-vva1ra; cf. IW. 178 n. 1) Gan2it. Ya1jn5. Sch. Ka1v. &c. (cf.
%{dina} and %{divasa-v-}); a moment, occasion, opportunity W.; a multitude, quantity
(see %{bANa-v-}); an arrow L.; Achyranthes Aspera L.; N. of S3iva L.; (%{A}) f. a harlot,
courtezan MBh. vi, 5766 (cf. %{-kanyakA} &c.); n. a vessel for holding spirituous liquor
L.; a partic. artificial poison L.
5 vAra 3 m. (fr. 2. %{vR}) choice (see %{vAre-vRta}); anything chosen or choice or

exquisite, goods, treasure RV. (often ifc.; cf. %{azasta-}, %{Rdhad-}, %{dAti-v-} &c.); N.
of a poet Cat.
vaavritta * = mfn. chosen, selected, appointed L.
vaac f. (fr. %{vac}) speech, voice, talk, language (also of animals), sound (also of
inanimate objects as of the stones used for pressing, of a drum &c.) RV. &c. &c. (%
{vAcam-R}, %{Ir}, or %{iS}, to raise the voice, utter a sound, cry, call) ; a word, saying,
phrase, sentence, statement, asseveration Mn. MBh. &c. (%{vAcaM-vad}, to speak words
; %{vAcaM@vyA-hR}, to utter words ; %{vAcaM-dA} with dat., to address words to ; %
{vAcA@satyaM-kR}, to promise verbally in marriage, plight troth) ; Speech personified
(in various manners or forms e.g. as Va1c Ambhr2in2i1 in RV. x, 125 ; as the voice of the
middle sphere in Naigh. and Nir. ; in the Veda she is also represented as created by
Praja1-pati and married to him ; in other places she is called the mother of the Vedas and
wife of Indra ; in VP. she is the daughter of Daksha and wife of Kas3yapa ; but most
frequently she is identified with Bha1rati1 or Sarasvati1, the goddess of speech ; %
{vAcaH@sAma} and %{vAco@vratam}N. of Sa1mans A1rshBr. ; %{vAcaH@stomaH}, a
partic. Eka7ha S3rS.)
vaacaa* = 1 f. speech, a word Pacat. KtyS'r. Sch. &c.; the goddess of spspeech Un. ii,
57 Sch.; a holy word, sacred text MW.; an oath ib.; w.r. for {vacA} MBh. xiii, 6149. [937,
3]\\vaacaa* = 2 instr. of {vAc}, in comp.
vaaca* = m. (only L.) a species of fish; a species of plant; = {madana
vaacana *= n. the causing to recite S3rS. ; the act of reciting , recitation Ya1jn5.
Va1ra1hi1t. ; the act of reading Ba1lar. ; the act of declaring or designating Sa1h. ; (%{A})

f. a lesson , chapter HParis3.

vaachaM = words
vaachaH = the Vedas
vaachaa = speech
vaachaala = capable of talking
vaachyaM = to be spoken
vaadya * = mfn. to be said or spoken or pronounced or uttered AitBr.; to be sounded or
played (as a musical instrument) Cat.; n. a speech S'Br.; instrumental music Mlav.
Kaths. &c.; m. or n. a musical instrument R. Kaths. Pacat.
vaada = argument * = mfn. (fr. {vad}) speaking of or about (see {brahma-v-}); causing
to sound, playing (see {vINA-v-}); m. speech, discourse, talk, utterance, statement Mn.
MBh. &c.; (ifc.) speaking about, mentioning MBh. Hariv. BhP.; advice, counsel MBh.; a
thesis, proposition, argument, doctrine Sarvad. Sus'r.; discussion, controversy, dispute,
contest, quarrel Mn. MBh. &c.; agreement Das'.; cry, song, note (of a bird) AitBr. [940,
1]; sound, sounding (of a musical instrument) Pacat.; demonstrated conclusion, result
W.; a plaint, accusation ib.; a reply ib.; explanation, exposition (of holy texts &c.) MW.;
report, rumour ib.
vaadaH = (m) argument, discussion
vaadayati = to play (a musical instrument)

vaadaan.h = fabricated words

vaadin *= mfn. saying, discoursing, speaking, talking, speaking or talking about (often
ifc. or sometimes with acc. of object), declaring, proclaiming, denoting, designating (or
sometimes = designated as, addressed by a title &c.) Mn. MBh. &c. [940,2] ; producing
sounds S3a1n3khS3r. ; m. a speaker, asserter, (ifc.) the teacher or propounder, or
adherent of any doctrine or theory MaitrUp. S3am2k. Sarvad. ; a disputant MBh. Hariv.
&c. ; a plaintiff, accuser, prosecutor (du. plaintiff and defendant) Ya1jn5. Na1r. ; an
alchemist Ka1lac. ; a player on any musical instrument, musician (see f.), the leading or
key-note W. ; N. of Buddha (as `" the disputant "') L. ; (%{inI}) f. a female musician R. ;
(prob.) N. of a Comm. on the Amara-kos3a.
vaaditra *= n. a musical instrument A1past. ; music, musical performance ib. Gobh.
Gaut. &c. ; a musical choir Uttamac.
vaadIndra *= m. N. of a philosopher and a poet ib.
vaadinaH = the advocates
vaadinii = she who speaks
vaa4dya * = mfn. to be said or spoken or pronounced or uttered AitBr.; to be sounded or
played (as a musical instrument) Cat.; n. a speech S'Br.; instrumental music Mlav.
Kaths. &c.; m. or n. a musical instrument R. Kaths. Pacat.
vaagmii = master of speech
vaagya * = (?) mfn. (perhaps fr. %{vAc} + %{ya} fr. %{yam} ; cf. %{vAg-yata})

speaking little, speaking cautiously or humbly L. ; spspeaking truly L. ; m. modesty,

humility, self-disparagement L. ; doubt, alternative L.
vaaha *= m. carrying on , accomplishing , performing , completion Ka1v. ; describing ,
narrating Sa1h. ; steadfastness , perseverance Mudr. ; sufficiency , subsistence ,
livelihood Ra1jat. Kull.
vaahana = vehicle
vaahaNa * mfn. (fr. Caus.) carrying off, removing, destroying (ifc.) Var.; n. = {-vahaNa}
L.
vaahana * =1 n. (for 2. see col. 2) the act of making effort, endeavouring, exertion W.
vaahaNa * mfn. (fr. Caus.) carrying off, removing, destroying (ifc.) Var.; n. = {-vahaNa}
L
vaa4hana * =1 n. (for 2. see col. 2) the act of making effort, endeavouring, exertion W.
\\2 mfn. (for 1. see col. 1) drawing, bearing, carrying, conveying, bringing &c. Kaths.
Rjat.; m. N. of a Muni Cat.; ({A}) f. an army S'is'. xix, 33; n. the act of drawing, bearing,
carrying, conveying MBh. R. &c.; driving Sus'r.; riding Kaths.; guiding (horses) MBh.;
any vehicle or conveyance or draught-animal, carriage, chariot, waggon, horse, elephant
(cf. Pn. 8-4, 8) AitBr. &c. &c. (ifc. [f. {A}] riding or driving on or in); any animal
Kaths. xxi, 30; `" oar "' or `" sail "' R. ii, 52, 5.
vaahanakaaraka = Significator of vehicles which is Venus
vaaJNchhasi = you desire

vaaJNchhita = desired
vaak.h = language/speech
vaakya = sentence* = n. (ifc. f. {A}) speech, saying, assertion, statement, command,
words ({mama vAkyAt}, in my words, in my name) MBh. &c. &c.; a declaration (in law),
legal evidence Mn.; an express decldeclaration or statement (opp. to {liGga}, `" a hint "'
or indication) Sarvad.; betrothment Nr.; a sentence, period RmatUp. Pn. Vrtt. &c.;
a mode of expression Cat.; a periphrastic mode of expression Pn. Sch. Siddh.; a rule,
precept, aphorism MW.; a disputation MBh.; (in logic) an argument, syllogism or
member of a syllogism; the singing of birds Hariv.; (in astron.) the solar process in
computations MW
vaakyaM = words
vaakyaani = sentences
vaakyena = words
vaalmiiki* = m. (incorrectly {vAlmiki}) N. of the celebrated author of the Rma7yana (so
called, according to some, because when immersed in thought he allowed himself to be
overrun with ants like an anthill; he was no doubt a Brhman by birth and closely
connected with the kings of Ayodhy; he collected the different songs and legendary tales
relating to Rma-candra and welded them into one continuous poem, to which later
additions may have been made; he is said to have invented the S'loka metre, and
probably the language and style of Indian epic poetry owe their definite form to him;
according to one tradition he began life as a robber, but repenting be took himself to a

hermitage on a hill in the district of Banda in Bundelkund, where he eventually received

St, the wife of Rma, when banished by her husband; cf. IW. 314; 315 &c.) MBh. R.
&c.; of a son of Garuda MBh.; of a grammarian TPrt.; of the authors of various wks.
(the Yoga-vsishthha, the Adbhuta-rma7yana, and the Gangashthaka) Cat.; (with
{kavi}) of the son of Rudra-mani Tri-pthhin and author of the Ramale7ndu-praks'a ib.
vaalkala mfn. (fr. %{valkala}) made of bark L.; (%{I4}) f. intoxicating liquor L.; n. a
bark dress worn by ascetics W.
vaalmiikikokilam.h = the vaalmIki-cuckoo
vaama = left side
vaama *= 1 m. (for 2. and 3. see col. 2) the act of vomiting g. %{jvalA7di}; (%{I}) f. id.
Gal.
3 vAma 2 mf(%{I4} or %{A})n. (fr. 1. %{van}; for 1. see col. 1) lovely, dear, pleasant,
agreeable, fair, beautiful, splendid, noble RV. &c. &c.; (ifc.) striving after, eager for,
intent upon, fond of Ka1v. Katha1s. Ra1jat.; m. the female breast L.; the god of love L.; N.
of S3iva BhP.; of a Rudra ib.; of Varun2a L.; (with S3aivas) = %{vAma-deva-guhya}
Sarvad.; of a son of R2ici1ka MBh. (B. %{rAma}); of a son of Kr2ishn2a and Bhadra1
BhP.; of a prince (son of Dharma) Cat.; of a son of Bhat2t2a-na1ra1yan2a Kshiti7s3. (cf.
%{-deva}); of one of the Moon's horses VP.; m. or n. a kind of pot-herb, Chenopodium
Album L.; (%{A}) f. a beautiful woman, any woman or wife Pan5car. Sa1h.; a partic.
form of Durga1 Pur.; a partic. S3akti Hcat.; N. of Lakshmi1 W.; of Sarasvati1 ib.; of one
of the Ma1tr2is attending on Skanda MBh.; of the mother of Pa1rs3va (the 23rd Arhat of
the present Avasarpin2i1) L.; (%{a4yA}) ind. in a pleasant or lovely manner RV. viii, 9, 7;
(%{I}) f. a mare L. (%{vAmI-ratha} mfn. Pat. on Pa1n2. 4-2, 104 Va1rtt. 20); a she-ass

L.; a female camel (cf. %{uSTra-v-}); a young female elephant L.; the female of the
jackal L.; n. a lovely thing, any dear or desirable good (as gold, horses &c.), wealth,
fortune RV. AV. Br. ChUp.; mfn. relating to a mare Pat. (cf. under %{I} f. above).
4 // 3 mf(%{A})n. (perhaps originally identical with 2. above) left, not right, being or
situated on the left side S3Br. &c. &c. (the quivering of the left eye or arm is supposed to
be a good omen in women and of the left arm a bad omen in men); reverse, adverse,
contrary, opposite, unfavourable Ka1v. Katha1s.; crooked, oblique (%{am} ind.
sideways) BhP.; refractory, coy (in love) Sa1h.; acting in the opposite way or differently
S3ak. iv, 18; hard, cruel Ka1v. Pur. [941,3]; vile, wicked, base, low, bad Kir.; m. or n. the
left side (%{vAmAd@dakSiNam}, from the left to the right; %{vAmena}, on the left side)
Ka1v. Katha1s.; m. the left hand Ra1matUp.; a snake L.; an animal, sentient being L.; n.
adversity, misfortune Katha1s.; the left-hand practices of the followers of the Tantras (=
%{vAmA7cAra} q.v.) Cat.
vaamadevaasana = Vamadeva's posture
vaamana = Vishnu's fifth incarnation also known as trivikrama
vaamaprakaasha = lovely shiningness
vaamaa.nkaaruuDha = having the left side of the body climbed, occupied by
vaame = left side
vaaMs'a* = mf({I})n. (fr. {vaMza}) relating or belonging to sugar-cane Car.; made of
bamboo W.; ({I}) f. bamboo-manna Car. Bhpr.
vaana * = 1 mfn. (for 2. see p. 940) blown &c. (cf. %{nir-vANa}) ; n. blowing L. ; a

perfume, fragrance L. ; living ib. ; going, moving, rolling W. ; the rolling of water or of
the tide (esp. the high wave in Indian rivers, commonly called `" the Bore "') ib.
vaaNa * = 1 m. (fr. %{vaN} ; often written %{bANa} q.v.) sounding, a sound Kir. xv, 10 ;
an arrow (see %{bANa}, p. 727 for comp.) RV. ix, 50, 1 ; music (esp. of flutes, harps &c.)
RV. i, 85, 10 &c. AV. x, 2, 17 (here written %{bANa4}) ; a harp with 100 strings TS. Br.
S3rS. ; (%{I}) f. see below ; n. the sound of a partic. little hand-drum L.\\ 2 w.r. for %
{vAna} in %{vAnadaNDa} and %{vAnaprastha} (see 3. and 6. %{vAna}).
vaana * = 2 mfn. (fr. %{vai} ; for 1. see p. 935, col. 3) dried &c. ; n. dry or dried fruit L. ;
a kind of bamboo manna L.\\3 n. (fr. %{ve}) the act of weaving or sewing Nya1yam.
Sa1y. (reckoned among the 64 Kala1s) ; a mat of straw L.\\4 m. or n. (?) a hole in the
wall of a house L. [940,3]\\ 5 m. an intelligent man L. ; N. of Yama L.\\ 6 mf(%{I})n.
(fr. 1. %{vana}, p. 917) relating to a wood or to a dwelling in a wood &c. W. ; n. a dense
wood Nalo7d. ; a multitude of woods or groves or thickets W.\\ mfn. dried &c. (see 2. %
{vAna}, p. 940, col. 2).
vaasana* =1 n. the act of perfuming or fumigating, infusing, steeping Gi1t. Sch.; (%{A})
f. id. S3is3. Sch.
vaasana* = 2 n. covering, clothing, garment, dress Ka1v.; an envelope, box, casket
Ya1jn5.//3 mfn. belonging to an abode, fit for a dwelling W.; n. causing to abide or dwell
Ba1lar.; abiding, abode L.; a receptacle for water L.; knowledge L.; a partic. posture
(practised by ascetics during abstract meditation, and by others; described as sitting on
the ground with the knees bent and the feet turned backwards) W.; (%{A}) f. see next.
vaasanaa*= f. the impression of anything remaining unconsciously in the mind, the

present consciousness of past perceptions, knowledge derived from memory S3am2k.

Ka1v. Katha1s.; fancy, imagination, idea, notion, false notion, mistake (ifc., e.g. %
{bheda-v-}, the mistake that there is a difference) ib. Ra1jat. Sarvad. &c.; thinking of,
longing for, expectation, desire, inclination Katha1s.; liking, respectful regard Bha1m.;
trust, confidence W.; (in math.) proof, demonstration (= %{upapatti}) Gol.; a kind of
metre Col.; N. of Durga1 BhP.; of the wife of Arka ib.; of a Comm. on the Siddha7ntas3iroman2i.
vaanaprastha* = m. (fr. {vana-prastha}) a Brhman in the third stage of life (who has
passed through the stages of student and householder and has abandoned his house and
family for an ascetic life in the woods; see {Azrama}), hermit, anchorite (mentioned by
Megasthenes under the name $) past. Mn. MBh. &c. RTL. 362; a class of supernatural
beings MW.; Bassia Latifolia or Butea Frondosa L.; mfn. relating to a Vnaprastha; m.
(scil. {Azrama}) the third stage of a Brhmas life, forest-life MBh. R. Hariv.
vaanara * = m. (prob. fr. {vanar}, p. 918) `" forest-animal "', a monkey, ape (ifc. f. {A})
Mn. MBh. &c.; a kind of incense, Olibanum L.; (with {AcArya}) N. of a writer on
medicine Cat.; ({I}) f. a female ape MBh. R. Kaths.; Carpopogon Pruriens L.; mf({I})n.
belonging to an ape or monkey, mmonkey-like &c. MBh. R.
vaaNii* = 1 f. sound, voice, music (pl. a choir of musicians or singers) RV. (the {sapta
vANIs} are referred by the Comms. to the seven metres or to the seven notes of the gamut
&c.); speech, language, words, diction, (esp.) eloquent speech or fine diction MBh. Kv.
&c.; a literary production or composition Uttarar. Bhm.; praise, laudation MW.; the
goddess of speech, Sarasvat R. BrahmaP.; N. of a metre consisting only of long syllables
Kvya7d. Sch.; of a river (accord. to some the Sarasvat) VP.\\ f. (only L.; cf. 1. 2.
{vANI}) weaving; a weaver's loom; voice, speech; a species of metre; a cloud; price,

value.\\2 f. (cf. {vANi}) weaving L. \\3 f. reed RV. v, 86, 1; du. the two bars of a car or
carriage ib. i, 119, 5
vaanmayaM = of the voice
vaanmayaH = full of the `word' i.e. master of the word \& language
vaa.ngmaya = full of speech
vaa.nchh.h = to want
vaa.nchhaa = (fem) desire
vaachita* = mfn. wished, desired, beloved, longed for MBh. Ka1v. &c.; n. wish, desire
ib.; m. (in music) a kind of measure.
vaanara = monkey
vaanarayuuthamukhyam.h = the chieftain of the monkey brigade
vaaNijyaM = trade
vaaNijyam.h = (n) trade, commerce
vaaNii = language
vaaNii * = 1 f. sound, voice, music (pl. a choir of musicians or singers) RV. (the %
{sapta@vANIs} are referred by the Comms. to the seven metres or to the seven notes of

the gamut &c.); speech, language, words, diction, (esp.) eloquent speech or fine diction
MBh. Ka1v. &c.; a literary production or composition Uttarar. Bha1m.; praise, laudation
MW.; the goddess of speech, Sarasvati1 R. BrahmaP.; N. of a metre consisting only of
long syllables Ka1vya7d. Sch.; of a river (accord. to some the Sarasvati1) VP.\\* = 2 f.
(cf. %{vANi}) weaving L.\\= 3 f. reed RV. v, 86, 1; du. the two bars of a car or carriage
ib. i, 119, 5.
vaaNi * = f. (only L.; cf. 1. 2. %{vANI}) weaving; a weaver's loom; voice, speech; a species
of metre; a cloud; price, value.
vaaNiiM = speech
vaaraNa *= 1 mf(%{I})n. warding off, restraining, resisting, opposing MBh. Ka1v. &c. ;
all-resisting, invincible (said of the Soma and of Indra's elephant) RV. ix, 1, 9 Hariv.
1700 ; relating to prevention Sus3r. ; shy, wild RV. AV. (with %{mRga} accord. to some
= elephant RV. viii, 33, 8 ; x, 40, 4) ; dangerous RV. Shad2vBr. ; forbidden AitBr. ; m.
(ifc. f. %{A}) an elephant (from its power of resistance) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; an elelephanthook Das3. ; armour, mail L. ; a kind of ornament on an arch MBh. iv, 1326 ; (%{I}) f. a
female elephant L. ; w.r. for %{vAruNI} HYog. ; n. the act of restraining or keeping back
or warding off from (abl.) ; resistance, opposition, obstacle ; impediment, KatyS3r. MBh.
&c. ; a means of restraining Bhartr2. ; = %{hari-tAla} L. ; N. of a place MBh.
vaari *= 1 n. = %{vAr} , water , rain , fluid , fluidity Mn. MBh. &c. ; a species of
Andropogon Bhpr. ; a kind of metre RPra1t. [943,2]\\ 2 f. (for 1. see p. 943 , col. 1) a
place for tying or catching an elephant Va1s. S3is3. (also %{I}) ; a rope for tying an
elephant Dharmas3. (also %{I}) ; a captive , prisoner W. ; a water-pot , pitcher , jar L.
(also %{I}) ; N. of Sarasvati1 (the goddess of speech) L.

vaasu * = m. (said to be fr. 5. {vas}) N. of Vishnu (is dwelling in all beings) Un. i, 1 Sch.;
the spirit or soul considered as the Supreme Being or Soul of the universe W. (also
Vriiddhi form of {vasu} in comp.)
vaarNa mfn. (fr. {varNa}) relating to a sound or letter (in gram.)
vaarya * = 1 mfn. (for 2. and 3. see p. 944, col. 1) watery, aquatic L. y\\ 2 mfn. (for 1. see
p. 943, col. \\ 3) to be warded off or prevented or checked or impeded MBh. Kv. &c.; m.
a wall R.
vaasa *= 1 m. perfuming, perfume Vikr. Ma1lati1m. Car. ; Gendarussa Vulgaris L. (also
%{A} f.) \\ 2 m. (fr. 4. %{vas}) a garment, dress, clothes (m. c. for %{vAsas}) MBh. (cf.
%{kRSNavAsa}). \\ 3 m. (fr. 5. %{vas}) staying, remaining (esp. `" overnight "'),
abiding, dwelling, residence, living in loc. or comp. ; cf. Pa1n2. 6-3, 18 Sch.), abode,
habitation RV. &c. &c. ; ifc. = having one's abode in, dwelling or living in [947,3] ; %
{vAsaM-vas}, to take up one's abode, abide, dwell ; place or seat of (gen.) R. ; a day's
journey ib. ; state, situation, condition Hariv. ; = %{vAsa-gRha}, bed-chamber (see %{sajjA}) ; = %{vAsanA}, imagination, idea, semblance of MBh.
vaas'itaagrishthi * = f. a young female elephant MBh. xi, 642 (cf. Pn. 2-1, 65).
vaas'ita * =1 mfn. roared, cried, sung MBh. &c.; n. roaring, croaking, yelling, howl, cry,
scream MBh. R. VarBriS. Kaths.
vaas'itaa* = f. (also written {vAsitA}, prob. fr. {vaz}) a cow desiring the bull (also applied
to other animals desiring the male, esp. to a female elephant) AV. &c. &c. [947, 2]; a
woman, wife MBh.

vaat *= 1 ind. g. %{cA7di}. [939,3]

vAt *= 2 cl. 10. P. %{vAtayati} , to fan (cf. %{vAtaya} , p. 935 , col. 2) ; to fan ; to serve ,
make happy ; to go Dha1tup. xxxv , 30.
vaath ind. (g. %{cA7di}) an exclamation on performing a sacrifice (prob.= `" bring "'
or `" take "' , fr. %{vAh} = %{vah}) VS.
vaata = (masc) wind * = 1 mfn. (for 2. see p. 939, col. 3) blown &c.; ({vA4ta}) m. wind or
the wind-god (pl. also `" the Maruts "', cf. {vAyu}) RV. &c. &c.; wind, air Hit.; wind
emitted from the body MBh. iv, 117; wind or air as one of the humours of the body (also
called {vAyu}, {mAruta}, {pavana}, {anila}, {samIraNa}) Kaths. Sus'r. &c.; morbid
affection of the windy humour, flatulence, gout, rheumatism &c. VarBriS. S'riingr.; N.
of a people (see {vAta-pati} and {vAtA7dhipa}); of a Rkshasa VP.; of a son of S'ra ib.
\\\\vAta * = 2 mfn. (fr. {van}) = {vanita}, solicited, wished for, desired (cf. {vivasvad-v}); attacked, assailed, injured, hurt (cf. 3. {a-v-} and {nivAta}). \\3 mfn. (for 1. and 2. see
pp. 934, 939) dried up (see 1. {a-vAta4})
vaatha * = mf({I})n. (fr. {vaTa}) made or consisting of the Banyan or Indian fig-tree or
its wood &c. Mn. ii, 45; m. an enclosure, (either) a fence, wall, (or) a piece of enclosed
ground, garden, park, plantation MBh. Kv. &c.; a district Das'.; a road Vs.; the site of a
house L.; Panicum Spicatum W.; the groin W.; the son of a Vais'ya and a Maitr L.; (also
n. and [{I}] f.) an enclosure of a (low-caste) village consisting of boundary trees L.; ({I}).
f. a piece of enclosed ground, garden Hariv. Sh. BhP.; the site of a house L.; a hut L.; a
species of bird Car.; n. = {varaNDa}, {aGga}, and {anna-bheda}.
vaataya = blow (like a wind?)

vaataaTaH = (m) kite

vaataatmajaM = the son of the wind-god (`vAta' or `vAyu)
vaataayana = a horse
vaataayanaM = window
vaataayanaasana = the horseface posture
vaataavaraNam.h = (n) environment, also used to mean weather
vaapi = at all
vaara = Day
vaara * = 1 m. (earlier form of {vAla} q.v.) the hair of any animal's tail (esp. of a horse's
tail, = $) RV.; m. n. sg. and pl. a hair-sieve ib.
vaara * = 2 (fr. 1. {vR}) m. keeping back, restraining (also mfn. ifc. = difficult to be
restrained TBr.; cf. {dur-v-}); anything which covers or surrounds or restrains, a cover
MW.; anything which causes an obstruction, a gate, door-way W.; anything enclosed or
circumscribed in space or time, esp. an appointed place (e.g. {sva-vAraM samA-sthA}, to
occupy one's proper place) R.; the time fixed or appointed for anything (accord. to some
fr. 2. {vR}, to choose), a persos turn MBh. Kv. &c. (often, esp. with numerals, = times
e.g. {varAMs trIn} or {vara-trayam}, three times; {bhUribhir vAraiH} or {bhUri-vArAn}
or {bahu-vAram} or {vAraM vAram} or {vAraM vAreNa}, many times, often,
repeatedly); the turn of a day (under the regency of a planet), a day of the week (they are

ditya-, Soma-, Mangala-, Budha-, Guru., S'ukra-, and S'ani-vvra; cf. IW. 178 n. 1)
Ganit. Yj. Sch. Kv. &c. (cf. {dina} and {divasa-v-}); a moment, occasion, opportunity
W.; a multitude, quantity (see {bANa-v-}); an arrow L.; Achyranthes Aspera L.; N. of
S'iva L.; ({A}) f. a harlot, courtezan MBh. vi, 5766 (cf. {-kanyakA} &c.); n. a vessel for
holding spirituous liquor L.; a partic. artificial poison L.
vaara * =3 m. (fr. 2. {vR}) choice (see {vAre-vRta}); anything chosen or choice or
exquisite, goods, treasure RV. (often ifc.; cf. {azasta-}, {Rdhad-}, {dAti-v-} &c.); N. of a
poet Cat.
vaaradhipati = Ruler of the Day
vaari = water
vaari-dhara = water-carrier(cloud )
vaaraM = and again
vaaramukhya * = m. (prob.) a singer, dancer Ma1rkP.; (%{A}) f. the chief of a number of
harlots, a royal courtezan MBh. R. &c
vaariNi = the one who prevents
vaarida = cloud (one who gives water)
vaaristha * = mfn. standing in water, reflected in the wwater Mn. iv, 37.
vaarivaaha = (m) cloud

vaarshmaNa * = mfn. (fr. %{varSman}) being uppermost Kaus3. (accord. to others `" a
tree struck at the top by lightning "').
vaartaa = news
vaartaaM = word (here enquiry/inquiry)
vaartaaharaH = (m) reporter, journalist
vaarshhNeya = O descendant of VRishhNi
vaarsha* = 1 mf({I4})n. (fr. {varSa} or {varSA}) belonging to the rainy season VS.;
belonging to a year, yearly, annual W.; ({I}) f. = {varSA}, the rainy season L. \\ 2
Vriiddhi form of {varSa} in comp.\\3 n. (fr. {vRSa} of which it is also the Vriiddhi form
in comp.) g. {pRthv-Adi}; N. of a Sman L.
vaaruNi * = 1 m. `" son of Varuna "' patr. of various persons (esp. of Bhriigu, Satyadhriiti, Vasishthha, Agastya &c.) Br. RAnukr. MBh. \\ 2 f. (m. c.) = {vAruNI}, spirituous
liquor Hariv.
vaaruNI * = f. the western quarter or region (presided over by Varuna), the west (with or
without {diz}) VarBriS.; N. of partic. serpents GriS.; (pl.) of partic. sacred texts Gaut.;
Varuna's female Energy (personified either as his wife or as his daughter, produced at
the churning of the ocean and regarded as the goddess of spirituous liquor) Tr. MBh. R.
Pur.; a partic. kind of spirit (prepared from hogweed mixed with the juice of the date or
palm and distilled), any spirituous liquor MBh. Kv. &c.; N. of S'iva's wife L.; a partic.
fast-day on the thirteenth of the dark half of Caitra Col.; Drv grass or a similar species
L.; colocynth L.; the Nakshatra S'ata-bhishaj (ruled by Varuna) L.; N. of a river R.

vaarya * =1 mfn. (for 2. and 3. see p. 944, col. 1) watery, aquatic L.\\2 mfn. (for 1. see p.
943, col. 3) to be warded off or prevented or checked or impeded MBh. Kv. &c.; m. a
wall R. \\3 mfn. to be chosen Pn. 3-1, 101 Sch.; precious, valuable RV.; n. treasure,
wealth, goods ib. \\4 m. (for 1. 2. 3. see pp. 943, col. 3, and 944, col. 1) patr. (?) rshBr..
vaasa * = 1 m. perfuming, perfume Vikr. Mlatm. Car.; Gendarussa Vulgaris L. (also
{A} f.) \\ 2 m. (fr. 4. {vas}) a garment, dress, clothes (m. c. for {vAsas}) MBh. (cf.
{kRSNavAsa}). \\ 3 m. (fr. 5. {vas}) staying, remaining (esp. `" overnight "'), abiding,
dwelling, residence, living in loc. or comp.; cf. Pn. 6-3, 18 Sch.), abode, habitation RV.
&c. &c.; ifc. = having one's abode in, dwelling or living in [947, 3]; {vAsaM-vas}, to take
up one's abode, abide, dwell; place or seat of (gen.) R.; a day's journey ib.; state,
situation, condition Hariv.; = {vAsa-gRha}, bed-chamber (see {-sajjA}); = {vAsanA},
imagination, idea, semblance of MBh.
vaasaH = living
vaasana * = 1 n. the act of perfuming or fumigating, infusing, steeping Gt. Sch.; ({A}) f.
id. S'is'. Sch. \\2 n. covering, clothing, garment, dress Kv.; an envelope, box, casket
Yj \\3 mfn. belonging to an abode, fit for a dwelling W.; n. causing to abide or dwell
Blar.; abiding, abode L.; a receptacle for water L.; knowledge L.; a partic. posture
(practised by ascetics during abstract meditation, and by others; described as sitting on
the ground with the knees bent and the feet turned backwards) W.; ({A}) f. see next.
vaasanaa = longings, craving* = f. the impression of anything remaining unconsciously
in the mind, the present consciousness of past perceptions, knowledge derived from
memory S'ank. Kv. Kaths.; fancy, imagination, idea, notion, false notion, mistake (ifc.,

e.g. {bheda-v-}, the mistake that there is a difference) ib. Rjat. Sarvad. &c.; thinking of,
longing for, expectation, desire, inclination Kaths.; liking, respectful regard Bhm.;
trust, confidence W.; (in math.) proof, demonstration (= {upapatti}) Gol.; a kind of
metre Col.; N. of Durg BhP.; of the wife of Arka ib.; of a Comm. on the Siddha7ntas'iromani.
vaasara = Day
vaasava = indra
vaasavaH = the heavenly king
vaasas.h = apparel / clothes
vaasaa.nsi = garments
vaas'a* = 1 mfn. roaring, sounding RV. viii, 19, 31; ({vA4za}) id. (only {A} and {I} f. pl.
applied to water) VS. TS.
vaas'a* = 2 m. patr. fr. {vaza} S'nkhS'r.; n. N. of a Sman rshBr.
vaasita = made fragrant
vaastu* = n. (m. only in BhP.) the site or foundation of a house, site, ground, building or
dwellingplace, habitation, homestead, house RV. &c. &c.; an apartment, chamber
VarBriS.; m. N. of one of the 8 Vasus BhP.; of a Rkshasa Cat.; (prob.) f. N. of a river
MBh.; n. the pot-herb Chenopodium Album L.; a kind of grain pS'r. Sch. (cf. {-maya}).

vaastunara* = m. the archetype or ideal pattern of a house personified as a deity

VarBriS.
vaasu* = m. (said to be fr. 5. {vas}) N. of Vishnu (is dwelling in all beings) Un. i, 1 Sch.;
the spirit or soul considered as the Supreme Being or Soul of the universe W. (also
Vriiddhi form of {vasu} in comp.)
vaasuu* = f. (of doubtful derivation) a young girl, maiden (voc. {vAsu}) Das'.
vaasukiH = Vasuki
vaasukii = a name of Shesha
vaasudeva * = (fr. {vasu-d-}) patr. of Kriishna Tr. &c. (RTL. 111); of a king of the
Pundras Hariv.; N. of a class of beings peculiar to the Jainas L.; a horse L.; N. of various
kings and authors (also with {AcArya}, {dIkSita}, {zarman}, {zAstrin} &c.) Inscr. Cat.;
({I}) f. Asparagus Racemosus L.; n. N. of an Upanishad; mf({I})n. relating to (the god)
Kriishna NriisUp.; written or composed by VVsudeva Cat.; {-jJAna} n. N. of wk.; {jyotis} m. N. of a poet Cat.; {-tIrtha} m. N. of a man ib.; {-dvAdazA7kSarI} f. {puNyA7ha} n. {-pUjA} f. N. of wks.; {-priya} m. `" friend of VVsudeva "'N. of
Krttikeya MBh.; {-priyaM-karI} f. Asparagus Racemosus L.; {-manana} n. N. of a
Veda7nta wk.; {-maya} mf({I})n. consisting of Kriishna, representing him AgP.; {mahA7rAdhana} n. {-rahasya} n. N. of wks.; {-vargINa} or {-vargya} mfn. taking
VVsudeva's side, partial to him Pn. 4-2, 104 Vrtt. 11 Pat.; {-vijaya} m. {-sahasranAman} n. N. of wks.; {-suta} m. {-sena} m. N. of authors Cat.; {-stotra} n. N. of a
Stotra; {-vA7nandI-campU} f. N. of a poem; {-vA7nubhava} m. N. of a medical wk.; {vA7zrama} m. {-ve7ndra} m. {-ve7ndra-ziSya} m. N. of authors Cat.; {--vo7paniSad} f.

N. of one of the more recent Upanishads of the Atharva-veda.

vaasudevaH = the Personality of Godhead, KRishhNa
vaasudevasya = of KRishhNa
vaasudevaaH = KRishhNa
vaaso = cloth, dress
vaastu
n. (m. only in BhP.) the site or foundation of a house, site, ground, building or
dwellingplace, habitation, homestead, house RV. &c. &c.; an apartment, chamber
VarBr2S.; m. N. of one of the 8 Vasus BhP.; of a Ra1kshasa Cat.; (prob.) f. N. of a river
MBh.; n. the pot-herb Chenopodium Album L.; a kind of grain A1pS3r. Sch. (cf. %{maya}).
vaastushaastra = study of architecture
vaath* = ind. (g. {cA7di}) an exclamation on performing a sacrifice (prob.= `" bring "' or
`" take "', fr. {vAh} = {vah}) VS. Br. S'rS.
vaat* = 1 ind. g. {cA7di}. [939, 3]
vaat* = 2 cl. 10. P. {vAtayati}, to fan (cf. {vAtaya}, p. 935, col. 2); to fan; to serve, make
happy; to go Dhtup. xxxv, 30.

vaata*=1 mfn. (for 2. see p. 939, col. 3) blown &c.; ({vA4ta}) m. wind or the wind-god
(pl. also `" the Maruts "', cf. {vAyu}) RV. &c. &c.; wind, air Hit.; wind emitted from the
body MBh. iv, 117; wind or air as one of the humours of the body (also called {vAyu},
{mAruta}, {pavana}, {anila}, {samIraNa}) Kaths. Sus'r. &c.; morbid affection of the
windy humour, flatulence, gout, rheumatism &c. VarBriS. S'riingr.; N. of a people (see
{vAta-pati} and {vAtA7dhipa}); of a Rkshasa VP.; of a son of S'ra ib.\\*=1 &c. see p.
934, col. 2 &c. *=2 mfn. (fr. {van}) = {vanita}, solicited, wished for, desired (cf.
{vivasvad-v-}); attacked, assailed, injured, hurt (cf. 3. {a-v-} and {nivAta}).
vaatha*= mf({I})n. (fr. {vaTa}) made or consisting of the Banyan or Indian fig-tree or its
wood &c. Mn. ii, 45; m. an enclosure, (either) a fence, wall, (or) a piece of enclosed
ground, garden, park, plantation MBh. Kv. &c.; a district Das'.; a road Vs.; the site of a
house L.; Panicum Spicatum W.; the groin W.; the son of a Vais'ya and a Maitr L.; (also
n. and [{I}] f.) an enclosure of a (low-caste) village consisting of boundary trees L.; ({I}).
f. a piece of enclosed ground, garden Hariv. Sh. BhP.; the site of a house L.; a hut L.; a
species of bird Car.; n. = {varaNDa}, {aGga}, and {anna-bheda}
vaaTikaa = (f) garden
vaava* = ind. (a particle laying stress on the word preceding it, esp. in relative clauses;
also {ha vA4va4}, {ha} [{kha4lu}] {vA4va4}, {u ha vAva}, {ha tvA4va4} [q.v.]) just,
indeed, even TS. Br. (in S'Br. only from book vi) Up. BhP. [947,1]
vaavrit * = cl. 4. A1. (Dha1tup. xxvi, 51, rather Intens. fr. a lost 3. %{vRt}) %{vAvRtyate}
(only pr. p. %{vAvRtyamAna}), to choose, select Bhat2t2.
vaayu = wind

vaayuna* = m. a god, deity L.

vaayuH = the vital airs
vaayoH = of the wind
vaayau = air(life-breath)
vac *= cl. 2. P. (Dha1tup. xxiv, 55) %{vakti} (occurs only in sg. %{vacmi}, %{vakSi}, %
{vakti}, and Impv. %{vaktu} ; Ved. also cl. 3. P. %{vi4vakti} ; pf. %{uvA4ca}, %{Uj} RV.
&c. &c. ; %{uva4ktha} AV. ; %{vavAca}, %{vavakSe4} RV. ; aor. %{avocat}, %{-cata} RV.
&c. &c. ; in Veda also Subj. %{vocati}, %{-te}, %{vecAti} ; Pot. %{voce4t}, %{-ceta} ;
Impv. %{vocatu} ; Prec. %{ucyAsam} Br. ; fut. %{vaktA4} ib. &c. ; %{vakSya4ti} RV. &c.
&c. ; %{-te} MBh. ; Cond. %{avakSyat} Br. Up. ; inf. %{vA7ktum} Br. &c. ; %{-tave} RV.
; %{-tos} Br. ; ind. p. %{uktvA4} Br. &c. ; %{-u4cya} ib.), to speak, say, tell, utter,
announce, declare, mention, proclaim, recite, describe (with acc. with or without %
{prati} dat. or gen. of pers., and acc. of thing ; often with double acc. e.g. %
{tam@idaM@vAkyam@uvAca}, `" he spoke this speech to him "' ; with double acc. also,
to name, call "' A1. with nom ; `" one's self "' ; with %{punar}, `" to speak again, repeat "'
; or `" to answer, reply "') RV. &c. &c. ; to reproach, revile (acc.) Hariv. R.: Pass. %
{ucya4te} (aor. %{avAci}, or in later language %{avoci}), to be spoken or said or told or
uttered &c. RV. &c. &c. (%{yad@ucyate}, `" what the saying is "') ; to resound RV. ; to be
called or accounted, be regarded as, pass for (nom. L. also loc.) Mn. MBh. &c.: Caus. %
{vAcayati}, %{-te} (Pot. %{vAcayIta} As3vGr2. ; aor. %{avIvacat} ; Pass. %{vAcyate}), to
cause to say or speak or recite or pronounce (with, double acc. ; often the object is to be
supplied) Br. Gr2S. MBh. &c. ; to cause anything written or printed to speak i.e. to read
out loud Hariv. Ka1v. Katha1s. &c. ; (Dha1tup. xxxiv, 35) to say, tell, declare Bhat2t2. ; to

promise MBh.: Desid. %{vivakSati}, %{-te} (Pass. %{vivakSyate}), to desire to say or

speak or recite or proclaim or declare MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; (Pass.) to be meant Sam2k.
Sarvad.: Intens. (only %{a4vAvacIt}) to call or cry aloud RV. x, 102, 6. [Cf. Gk. $ for $ in
$, $, $ &c. ; Lat. {vocare}, {vox} ; &276413[912,1] Germ. {gi-waht}, {gi-wahinnen}, {erwhnen}.]
vaca * = mfn. speaking, talking (see %{ku-v-}) ; m. a parrot L. ; = %{sUrya}, the sun L.
vacana *= mfn. speaking , a speaker , eloquent RV. ; (ifc.) mentioning , indicating ,
expressing , meaning Pa1n2. Ka1tySr. Sarvad. (%{-tA} f. %{-tva} n.) ; being pronounced ,
RPrat. (%{-tva} n.) ; n. (ifc. f. %{A}) the act of speaking , utterance , Sam2khyak. ;
pronunciation Pa1n2. Pra1t. ; statement , declaration , express mention AitBr. S3rS.
Pa1n2. &c. ; speech , sentence , word Mn. MBh. &c. ; (in gram.) the injunction of a
teacher , rule Ka1s3. ; advice , instruction , direction , order , command MBh. Ka1v. &c.
(%{-naM-kR} or %{-ne-sthA} with gen. = to do the bidding of any one , follow a person's
advice , obey ; %{-nena} or %{-nAt} , with gen. = in the name of) ; sound , voice , APra1t.
Megh. Hit. ; (in gram.) number Pa1n2. Vop. (cf. %{eka-} , %{dvi-} , %{bahu-v-}) ;
rumour L. ; dry ginger L.
vachaH = words
vachana = talk
vachanaM = word
vachane = (loc.sing) in words or speech
vachasaa = with words

vachii = with armor

vachmi = vachAmi or shall speak
vad.h = to talk
vaDaa * f. (cf. = {vaTa}) a small lump, globule, round mass or cake L.
vada = please tell* = mfn. speaking, a speaker (only ifc.; see {ku-v-}, {priyaM.v-});
speaking well or sensibly L.; m. N. of the first Veda (with the Magians) Cat.
vada.nti = (Vr.Pr.IIIP.pl.PP) tell; speak
vadati = (1 pp) to speak
vadana = face
vadanam.h = (n) mouth
vadanaiH = by the mouths
vadanti = say
vadasi = You tell
vadha * = m. one who kills, a slayer, vanquisher, destroyer RV. VS. TS. S'Br.; a deadly
weapon (esp. Indra's thunderbolt) RV. AitBr. S'nkhGri.; the act of striking or killing,

slaughter, murder, death, destruction RV. &c. &c.; (in law) capital or (more commonly)
corporal punishment Mn. Yj. &c. = {vadha-bhUmi}, place of execution Caurap.,
Introd.; stroke, hurt, injury Nir.; paralysis Sus'r.; annihilation, disappearance (of
inanimate things) MBh. Kv. &c.; frustration, prevention Gaut.; a defect, imperfection
(28 are enumerated) VP.; multiplication Ganit.; a product Bijag.; N. of a Rkshasa VP.;
({A}) f. a kind of pot-herb, Convolvulus Repens L.
vadishhyanti = will say
vadyapaksha = Dark half of the lunar month
vadya * = mfn. to be spoken &c. (see {a-v-} and {anav}); N. of the days of the dark lunar
fortnight; n. speech, speaking about, conversing (see {brahma-v-}, {satya-v-}).
vadhanaM = face
vadhuu = (f) bride
vadhya * = mfn. (frequently written {ba4dhya}) to be slain or killed, to be capitally
punished, to be corporally chastised (cf. under {vadha}), sentenced, a criminal AV. &c.
&c.; to be destroyed or annihilated MBh. Kv. &c.; m. an enemy MW.; ({A}) f. see below.
[917,
vahati = (1 pp) to carry
vahamyahaM = vahAmi + ahaM:bear or carry + I
vahaa = Porter

vahaami = carry
vahaNa * = n. end, issue, completion Kv. Rjat.; the catastrophe of a drama Das'ar.
vahana * =mfn. bearing, carrying, conveying (see {rAja-v-}); n. the act of bearing,
carrying, conveying, bringing MBh. Kv. VarBriS.; the flowing (of water) Nir. vi, 2; a
ship, vessel, boat Kaths.; the undermost part of a column, VrBriS.; a square chariot
with a pole L.
vahantI *= - f. (of pr. p. of 1. {vah}) flowing water
vahanta *= m. air, wind L.; an infan
vahaNa *= n. end, issue, completion Kv. Rjat.; the catastrophe of a drama Das'ar.
vahatu *= m. the bridal procession (to the husband's house), nuptial ceremony RV. AV.
AitBr. (pl. the objects constituting a bride's dowry TBr.); means of furthering RV. vii, 1,
17 (= %{stotra} and %{zastra} Sa1y.); an ox L.; a traveller L.
vahni = fire * = m. any animal that draws or bears along, a draught animal, horse, team
RV. AV. VS. TBr.; any one who conveys or is borne along (applied to a charioteer or
rider, or to various gods, esp. to Agni, Indra, Savitr2i, the Maruts &c.) RV. AV.; N. of
Soma (as `" the flowing or streaming one "') RV. ix, 9, 6 &c.; the conveyer or bearer of
oblations to the gods (esp. said of Agni, `" fire "', or of the three sacrificial fires see %
{agni}) RV.; partic. fire Gr2ihya1s.; fire (in general or `" the god of fire "') Mn. MBh. &c.
(%{vahninA@saM-skR}, to hallow by fire, burn solemnly); the fire of digestion VarBr2S.;
N. of the number `" three "' (fr. the three sacred fires) L.; N. of various plants (accord. to
L. Plumbago Ceylanica; Semecarpus Anacardium; Poa Cynosuroides; and the citron

tree) Sus3r.; a mystical N. of the letter %{r} Up. [934,1]; N. of the 8th Kalpa (q.v.) Cat.;
of a Daitya MBh.; of a son of Kr2ishn2a BhP.; of a son of Turvasu ib.; of a son of Kukura
ib.
vahniH = fire ( for worship)
vahnikaNa = spark
vaH = your
vai = emphasis * = Meaning 1 (orig. identical with 2. {vA}) cl. 1. P. (Dhtup. xxii, 24)
{vA4yati}, to become languid or weary or exhausted RV. ({zoSaNe} Dhtup.); to be
deprived of (gen.) RV. viii. 47, 6; P. and (ep. also .), to blow past. MBh.\\Meaning 2
ind. a particle of emphasis and affirmation, generally placed {after} a word and laying
stress on it (it is usually translatable by `" indeed "', `" truly "', `" certainly "', `" verily "',
`" just "' &c.; it is very rare in the RV.; more frequent in the AV., and very common in the
Brhmanas and in works that imitate their style; in the Stras it is less frequent and
almost restricted to the combination {yady u vai}; in Manu MBh. and the Kvyas it
mostly appears at the end of a line, and as a mere expletive. In RV. it is frequently
followed by {u} in the combination {vA4 u} [both particles are separated, v, 18, 3] [1020,
1]; it is also preceded by {u} and various other particles e.g. by {i4d}, {a4ha}, {uta4}; in
the Brhmanas it often follows {ha}, {ha sma}, {eva}; in later language {api} and {tu}.
Accord. to some it is also a vocative particle).
vaibhava * =. (fr. {vi-bhava}) might, power (ifc. f. {A}); high position, greatness Kv.
Kaths. &c.; superhuman power or might MW.; grandeur, glory, magnificance Kaths.

vaicitra n. (fr. %{vi-citra}) = %{vaicitrya} below Ra1jat. ; (%{I}) f. strangeness,

wonderfulness, marvellous beauty Ba1lar. Katha1s.
vaicitravirya * = m. (fr. %{vicitra-v-}) patr. of Dhr2ita-ra1sht2ra, of Pa1n2d2u and of
Vidura Ka1t2h. MBh. Hariv. BhP.
vaicitravIryaka * = mfn. belonging to Vicitra-vi1rya &c. Hariv.
vaicitravIryin * = (m. c.) m. = %{-vIrya} MBh.
vaicitrya* = n. variety, manifoldness, diversity Kap. Hit. VarBr2S. &c. ; = %{vaicitrI}
above Ka1v. Sa1h. &c. ; w.r. for %{vaicittya} Ma1lati1m. ; sorrow, despair MW.
vaicitryavIrya w.r. for %{vaicitra-vI-} MBh.
vaidika *= mf(%{I})n. (fr. %{veda}) relating to the Veda, derived from or conformable
to the VVeda, prescribed in the VVeda, Vedic, knowing the VVeda Mn. MBh. Hariv.
&c. ; m. a Bra1hman versed in the VVeda W. ; n. a Vedic passage Mn. xi, 96 ; a Vedic
precept MBh. Kan2. ; (%{-keSu}) ind. = %{vede}, in the Veda Pat.
vaiDuurya * = n. (rarely m.; cf. {vidUra-ja}) a cat's-eye gem (ifc. `" a jewel "', = `"
anything excellent of its kind "') AdbhBr. MBh. Kv. &c.; m. N. of a mountain (also {parvata}) MBh. VarBriS. &c.; mf({A})n. made of cat's-eye gems MBh. R. &c.
vaidurya * =w.r. for {vaidUrya} (or {vaiDUrya}) MrkP.
vaiduurya* =1 mf({I} or {rI})n. (fr. {vi-dUra}) brought from Vidra Pn. 4-3, 84.

vaiduurya * =2 w.r. for {vaiDUrya}.

vaidyaH = doctor
vaiGYaanikaH = (m) scientist
vaihAyasa * = mf(%{I})n. (fr. 2. %{vi-hAyas}) being or moving in the air, suspended in
the air, aerial Gr2S. MBh. &c.; (%{am}) ind. in the open air A1past.; m. pl. `" skydwellers "', the gods &c. BhP.; N. of partic. R2ishis (personified luminous phenomena)
VarBr2S.; m. N. of a lake MW.; (%{I}) f. N. of a river BhP.; n. the air, atmosphere MBh.;
flying in the air BhP. (%{-gata} n. id. R.); a partic. attitude in shooting L
vaijayanta *= m. (fr. {vi-jayat}, or {-yanta}) the banner of Indra MBh.; a banner, flag R.;
the palace of Indra Buddh.; a house A.; N. of Skanda L.; of a mountain MBh. Hariv.; pl.
(with Jainas) N. of a class of deities L.; ({I}) f. a flag, banner MBh. Kv. &c.; an ensign
W.; a kind of garland prognosticating victory MBh. Pur.; the necklace of Vishnu MW.; N.
of the 8th night of the civil month Sryapr.; Premna Spinosa Sus'r.; Sesbania Aegyptiaca
L.; N. of a lexicon by Ydavapraks'a; of a Comm. to Vishnu's Dharmas'stra (IW. 304,
305); of various other wks.; of a town or a river AV. Paris'.; n. N. of a gate in Ayodhy R.;
of a town (= {vana-vAsI}) R. Inscr.
vaikaarika * = mf({I})n. (fr. {vi-kAra}) based on or subject to modification, modifying or
modified MBh. Sus'r. Pur. &c.; m. a class of deities MW.; (with {kAla}) the time
necessary for the formation of the fetus Car.; n. emotion, flurry R.
vaikalpika* = mf({I})n. admitting of difference of opinion, optional rshBr. s'vS'r. &c
vaiklava * = bewilderment, despondency

vaikrita* = mf({I})n. (fr. {vi-kRti}) modified, derivative, secondary ({-tva} n. Lthy.)

RPrt. TPrt. Sch. &c.; undergoing change, subject to modification Snkhyak. KapS.;
disfigured, deformed MBh.; not natural, perpetuated by adoption (as a family) Cat.; m.
N. of the Ahan-kra or I-making faculty MBh.; of a demon causing a partic. disease
Hariv.; n. (ifc. f. {A}) change, modification, alteration, disfigurement, abnormal
condition, changed state MBh. R. Sus'r. &c.; an unnatural phenomenon, portent Ragh.
VarBriS. Rjat.; mental change, agitation MBh. R. &c.; aversion, hatred, enmity,
hostility MBh. Hariv. Kaths. Rjat.
vaikuNthha = the abode of Vishnu
vaikuNthhaadhipatii = ruler of Vaikunthha which is Vishnu
vaimaanikaH = (m) pilot
vaimana* veman= n. (L. also m.) a loom VS.; a slay
vainateyaH = Garuda
vaira * = mfn. (fr. %{vIra}) hostile, inimical, revengeful AV.; n. (exceptionally m. [?] ifc.
f. %{A}) enmity, hostility, animosity, grudge, quarrel or feud with (instr. with or without
%{saha}, or %{sA7rdham}, or comp.; often pl.) AV. Pan5cavBr. MBh. &c.; heroism,
prowess W.; a hostile host S3is3.; money paid as a fine for manslaughter Ta1n2d2yaBr.
vaitasa* = mf({I})n. (fr. {vetasa}) made of or peculiar to a reed ({-sI vRtti}, `" reed-like
action "' i.e. yielding to superior force, adapting one's self to circumstances) TS. Br.
KtyS'r. &c.; m. or n. a basket made of reed KtyS'r.; m. (met.) the penis AV.; Rumex

Vesicarius L.; Calamus Fasciculatus W.

vaitasena* = m. (prob. derived fr. a misunderstanding of {vaitase4na} instr. RV. x, 95, 4;
cf. {vaitasa4})N. of Pur-ravas BhP.
vaira = enmity* = mfn. (fr. {vIra}) hostile, inimical, revengeful AV.; n. (exceptionally m.
[?] ifc. f. {A}) enmity, hostility, animosity, grudge, quarrel or feud with (instr. with or
without {saha}, or {sA7rdham}, or comp.; often pl.) AV. PacavBr. MBh. &c.; heroism,
prowess W.; a hostile host S'is'.; money paid as a fine for manslaughter TndyaBr.
vairaagya = uncolouredness, not desiring physical objects
vairaagyaM = renunciation
vairaagyeNa = by detachment
vairaajya = excelent rulership
vairiNaM = greatest enemy
vairishhu = on enemies
vais'aarada* = mf({I})n. (fr. {vi-zArada}) experienced, skilled, expert, unerring BhP.; n.
profound learning R.
vais'aaradya* = n. experience, skill in (loc.), expertness, wisdom MBh. Blar. Sh.;
clearness of intellect, infallibility Yogas. BrirUp. Sch.; Buddha's confidence in himself
(of four kinds) DivyA7v. (cf. Dharmas. 77).

vaishama *= n. (fr. %{vi-Sama})inequality , change Amar. (v. l.)

vaishamya *= n. unevenness (of ground) MBh. ; inequality , oddness (opp. to `"
evenness "') , diversity , disproportion S3rS. MBh. &c. ; difficulty , trouble , distress ,
calamity MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; injustice , unkindness , harshness R. Katha1s. Sarvad. ;
impropriety , incorrectness , wrongness Sarvad. ; an error , mistake in or about (loc. or
comp.) BhP. ; solitariness , singleness W.
vais'asa * = mfn. (fr. a form %{vi-zasa}, derived fr. %{vi-zas}; cf. %{vi-zasana}) causing
death or destruction MBh.; n. (ifc. f. %{A}) rending in pieces MW.; slaughter, butchery,
war, strife, injury, hurt, outrage, distress, calamity, ruin (with %{premNaH}, ruin of
affection) MBh. Hariv. Ka1v. &c.; the hell BhP.; N. of a hell ib.
vais'eshika* = mf({I})n. (fr. {vi-zeSa}, p. 990) special, peculiar, specific, characteristic
past. Sus'r. Bhshp. Hcat.; distinguished, excellent, pre-eminent MBh.; relating or
belonging to or based on or dealing with the Vais'eshika doctrine Bhshp. Madhus.; m.
a follower of the VVais'eshika doctrine Kap. Kusum. Buddh.; n. peculiarity, distinction
Kan.; N. of the later of the two great divisions of the Nyya school of philosophy (it was
founded by Kana7da, and differs from the, `" Nyya proper "' founded by Gautama, in
propounding only seven categories or topics instead of sixteen; and more especially in its
doctrine of {vizeSa}, or eternally distinct nature of the nine substances, air, fire, water,
earth, mind, ether, time, space, and soul, of which the first five, including mind, are held
to be atomic) IW. 65 &c. [1026,3]
vaishya = the caste of merchants and professionals
vaishyaH = mercantile people

vaishravaNa = son of Vishravas (typically applied only to Kubera)

vais'va* = mf({I})n. (fr. {vizva}, of which it is also the Vriiddhi form in comp.), relating to
or presided over by the Vis've Devh; ({I}) f. N. of the Nakshatra Uttara7shdha L.; n. id.
VarBriS.; (with {yuga}) the 8th cycle of 5 years in the 60 years "' cycle of Jupiter
VarYogay.
vaishvaanaraH = My plenary portion as the digesting fire
vaishhNava = a large sect of the followers of Sri Vishnu
vaitaanika * mf({I})n. = {vaitAna} (with {dvi-ja} or {vipra}, a Brhman who observes the
precepts relative to the three sacred fires) GriS'rS. Mn. MBh. &c.; sacrificial, sacred (as
fire) W.; n. a burnt-offering (esp. of clarified butter, as presented daily by the Brhmans)
W.
vaitanika * = mf({I})n. (fr. {vetana}) living on wages, serving for wages; m. a hireling,
labourer
vaitaana * = mf({I})n. (fr. 2. {vi-tAna}) relating to or performed with the three sacred
fires GriS'rS. Mn. MBh.; m. (m. c.) = {vitAna}, a canopy BhP. (accord. to Comm. =
{vitAna-samUha}); a patr. Caran. (v.l. {vaitAyana}); n. a rite performed with the three
sacred fires PrGri. Mn. &c.; an oblation with fire W.
vaitaalika * =1 m. one who is possessed by a Vetla, the servant of a Vetla W.; the
worshipper of a Vetla MW.; a magician, conjurer ib.
vaitaalika * = 2 m. (fr. {vi-tAla}) a bard, panegyrist of a king (whose duty also is to

proclaim the hour of day) MBh. Kv. &c.; = {-kheDDatAla} L.; one who sings out of tune
(?) W. (prob. w.r. for 2. {vaitAnika} above); n. knowledge of one of the 64 arts BhP. Sch.
vaitaanika * = 1 mf(%{I})n. = %{vaitAna} (with %{dvi-ja} or %{vipra}, a Bra1hman who
observes the precepts relative to the three sacred fires) Gr2S3rS. Mn. MBh. &c. ;
sacrificial, sacred (as fire) W. ; n. a burnt-offering (esp. of clarified butter, as presented
daily by the Bra1hmans) W.\\ 2 mfn. (fr. 1. %{vi-tAna}) see under 2. %{vaitAlika} below.
vaivasvata * = mf(%{I})n. (fr. %{vivasvat}) coming from or belonging to the sun R.;
relating or belonging to Yama Vaivasvata Kaus3. MBh. Ka1v.; relating to Manu
Vaivasvata MBh. Hariv. Pur.; m. patr. of Yama RV. &c. &c.; of a Man3u AV. S3Br. &c.;
of the planet Saturn L.; N. of one of the Rudras VP.; (%{I}) f. a daughter of Su1rya MBh.;
patr. of Yami1 MW.; the south L.; N. of Yamuna1 A.; n. (scil. %{antara}) N. of the 7th or
present Manv-antara (as presided over by Manu Vaivasvata) MW.
vaivasvatamanvantara* = n. N. of the 7th or present Manvantara (q.v.) MW.
vaivasvatIya * = mfn. relating to Manu Vaivasvata Ra1jat
vaiyaakaraNa = Grammar
vaiyaakaraNasyaishhaH = to the grammarian+this
vaiyaasika: derived from or composed by Vysa suka, the son of ysa
vajra = one of the channels in the spine, a thunderbolt, diamond
vajra-maNii = diamond

vajraM = the thunderbolt

vajram.h = (n) diamond
vajraasana = the thunderbolt posture
vajrolii = the thunderbolt contraction
vaksha = chest
vakshaHsthalam.h = (n) breasts, chest
vakshoja = breasts
vakshyaami = shall explain
vaktaaram.h = the man who speaks or utters
vaktuM = to say
vaktri = orator
vaktra = the mouth
vaktraM = face
vaktraaNi = the mouths

vakra = Retrogra * mf({A})n. crooked, curved, bent, tortuous, twisted, wry, oblique AV.
&c. &c.; curled, curly (as hair) AV. &c. &c.; having an apparently backward motion,
retrograde (said of planets) Sryas. Var. &c. [911, 1]; (in prosody) long (the form of the
long mark being curved); crooked in disposition, cunning, fraudulent, dishonest, evasive,
ambiguous KathhUp. MBh. &c.; hostile, cruel, malignant, inauspicious Kv. Kaths.
Sh.; m. a nose L.; the planet Mars VarBriS.; the planet Saturn L.; a partic. drug (=
{parpaTa}) L.; N. of Rudra L.; of the Asura Bna L.; of a prince of the Karshas MBh.
(v.l. {vaktra}); of a Rkshasa R.; pl. N. of a people VP. (v.l. {cakra}); () f. a partic.
musical instrument Lthy.; (scil. {gati}) a partic. variation in the course of Mercury
VarBriS.; n. the winding course of a river, the arm or bend of a stream S'vetUp.; the
apparent retrograde motion of a planet MBh. Hariv. VarBriS.; a form of fracture (when a
bone is bent or only partially broken) Sus'r.; w.r. for {vaktra}.
vakragati = not straight
vakratuNDaaya = to one who has crooked limb or part(the twised broken tusk)
vakraa = (adj) curved, crooked
vakraasana = the curved posture
valabhi *= f. (perhaps abbreviated fr. %{vala-bhid} , `" cloud-splitting "') the ridge of a
roof. top or pinnacle of a house MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; a turret or temporary building on the
roof of a house , upper room L. ; N. of a town in Saura1sht2ra Das3. (also %{-bhi-pura}).
valakhilya = a class of tiny entities, about the size of a thumb
valaya = circle

valayam.h = (n) bangle

valgu * = mfn. (Un. i, 20) handsome, beautiful, lovely, attractive ({u4} ind. beautifully)
RV. &c. &c.; m. a goat L.; N. of one of the four tutelary deities of the Bodhi tree Lalit.;
(prob.) N. of a place g. {varaNA7di}; n. an eyelash L. ja m. or
valli = (fem) creeper
valkala m. n. (ifc. f. %{A}) the bark of a tree, a garment made of bark (worn by ascetics
&c.) Ya1jn5. MBh. &c.; m. = %{valka-rodhra} L.; N. of a Daitya BhP. (prob. w.r. for %
{balvala}); pl. N. of a school of the Bahv-r2icas (cf. %{bASkala}) DivyA7v. [928,2]; (%
{A}) f. = %{zilAvalka}, a medicinal substance said to be of cooling and lithonthryptic
properties Sus3r.; n. the bark of Cassia L.\\valkala &c. see col. 1.\\
vamati = (1 pp) to vomit
vama mf(%{I})n. vomiting, ejecting, giving out W.; m. = %{vAma} g. %{jvalA7di}.
vams'a*= m. (derivation doubtful) the bamboo cane or any cane (accord. to L. also `"
sugarcane "' and `" Shorea Robusta "') RV. &c. &c.; the upper timbers or beams of a
house, the rafters or laths fastened to the beams (of a roof; cf. {prAcIna-v-}) AV. &c. &c.;
a cross-beam, joist, joint VarBriS.; a reed-pipe, flute, fife Kv. Rjat.; the back-bone,
spine VarBriS. BhP.; a hollow or tubular bone BhP. (B.) Sch.; the upper nasal bone L.;
the central projecting part of a scimitar or sabre VarBriS.; the line of a pedigree or
genealogy (from its resemblance to the succession of joints in a bamboo), lineage race,
family, stock S'Br. &c. &c. (esp. a noble race, a dynasty of kings, a list of teachers &c.; cf.
Pn. 2-1, 19 Sch.); offspring, a son BhP.; (ifc.) a succession or collection of similar

things, assemblage multitude, host (as of chariots, stars &c.) MBh. Kv. &c; a partic.
measure of length (= 10 Hastas) Ll.; a partic. musical note S'is'.; pride, arrogance Vs.;
bamboo-manna L.; N. of Vishnu L. ({A}) f. N. of an Apsaras (daughter of Prdh) MBh.;
({I}) f. see s.v.
vaN* = (also written {baN}) cl. 1. P. {vaNati} (pf. {vavANa} &c.; Caus. aor. {avIvaNat},
or {avavANat}), to sound Dhtup. xiii, 3.
van* = 1 cl. 1. P. (Dhtiip. xiii, 19; 20; xix, 42) {va4nati} (Ved. also {-te}, and {vana4ti});
cl. 8. P. . (xxx, 8) {vano4ti}, {vanute4} (pf. {vAvA4na}, {vAva4ntha}, {vavanma4},
{vavne4}; p. {vavanva4s} RV.; aor. {vanta}, {va4Msva} ib.; {vaMsat}, {-sate} ib.;
{vaniSat} AV.; {-Santa} TS.; {vanuSanta} "' RV.; Pot. {vaMsImahi}, {vasImahi} ib.; Prec.
{vaniSISta} RV. {vaMsiSIya} AV.; fut. {vanizA} Gr.; {vaniSyate}, SnkhSr.; inf.
{vanitum} Gr.; {-vantave} RV.), to like, love, wish, desire RV. AV. S'Br. Kthh. S'nkhSr.;
to gain, acquire, procure (for one's self or others) RV. AV. S'Br.; to conquer, win, become
master of, possess RV. AV.; to prepare, make ready for, aim at, attack RV.; to hurt,
injure MW. (Dhtup. also `" to sound "'; `" to serve, honour, worship. help, aid "'): Caus.
{vanayati} or {vAnayati} Dhtup. xix, 68; xxxix, 33 v.l. (cf. {saM-van}): Desid.
{vi4vAsati}, {-te}, to attract, seek to win over RV.: Intens. (only {vAva4naH} and
{vAvandhi4}; but cf. {vanIvan}) to love, like RV. [Cf. Lat. {venia}, {Venus}; Got.
{gawinnan}; Germ. {gewinnen}; Eng. {win}.]
va4n* = 2 = {va4na} (only in gen. and loc. pl. {vanA4m} {va4Msu}), `" wood "' or, a
wooden vessel "' RV.; love, worship L.
vanaspati *= (%{vanas-}) m. (vanas prob. a form of the gen. ; cf. 2. %{van} and %
{ra4ithas-pa4ti}) , king of the wood "' , foresttree (esp. a large tree bearing fruit

apparently without blossoms , as several species of the fig , the jack tree &c. , but also
applied to any tree) RV. &c. &c. [918,2] ; a stem , trunk , beam , timber , post (esp. the
sacrificial post) RV. VS. Br. ; `" lord of plants "' , the Soma plant ib. Gr2S. BhP. ; the
Indian fig-tree L. ; Bignonia Suaveolens L. ; an offering made to the sacrificial post S3Br.
S3rS. ; anything made of wood (esp. partic. parts of a car or carriage , a wooden drum , a
wooden amulet , a block on which criminals are executed , a coffin &c.) RV. AV. VS. ; an
ascetic W. ; N. of Vishn2u Vishn2. ; of a son of Ghr2itaprisht2ha BhP. ; du. pestle and
mortar RV. i , 28 , 6 ; f. N. of a Gandharvi1 Ka1ran2d2. ; n. N. of the Varsha ruled by
Vanas-pati BhP. ; %{-kAya} m. the whole body or world of plants L. ; %{-yA7ga} m. and
%{-sava} m. N. of partic. sacrificial rites Vait.
vanaprastha* = m. or n. (?) a forest situated on elevated or table land MBh.; N. of a place
Rjat.; mfn. retiring into a forest, living the life of an anchorite MW.
vanara * = m.= {vAnara}, an ape L.
vacita* = mfn. deceived, tricked, imposed upon MBh. Kv. &c.; () f. a kind of riddle or
enigma Cat.
vanga = Bengal
va.nda = Worship
va.nde = (Vr. Pr.I. P.Sing.AP)bow; salute
vandatha * = m. `" a praiser "' or `" one deserving praise "' L.
vandita4 * =mfn. praised, extolled, celebrated AV. &c. &c.

vandin * =mfn. to praise or honour (ifc.) Kum. (cf. 1. {bandin}).

va4ndya * =mfn. to be praised, praiseworthy RV. &c. &c.; to be saluted reverentially,
adorable, very venerable Kv. Kaths.; to be regarded or respected L.; m. N. of a man
Cat.; ({A}) f. a parasitical plant L.; {-go-rocanA} L.; N. of a Yaksh Kaths.
vandra * =mfn. praising, doing homage, worshipping Un. ii, 13 Sch.; m. a worshipper,
votary, follower W.; n. prosperity, plenty abundance L.
va.nsha = family
va.nshahiina = without family
vana = forest
vanaM = forest
vanachara = animal
vanaprastha* = m. or n. (?) a forest situated on elevated or table land MBh.; N. of a place
Ra1jat.; mfn. retiring into a forest, living the life of an anchorite MW.
vaanaprastha* = m. (fr. %{vana-prastha}) a Bra1hman in the third stage of life (who has
passed through the stages of student and householder and has abandoned his house and
family for an ascetic life in the woods; see %{Azrama}), hermit, anchorite (mentioned by
Megasthenes under the name $) A1past. Mn. MBh. &c. RTL. 362; a class of supernatural
beings MW.; Bassia Latifolia or Butea Frondosa L.; mfn. relating to a Va1naprastha; m.
(scil. %{Azrama}) the third stage of a Bra1hman's life, forest-life MBh. R. Hariv.

vanaspatishaastram.h = botany
vacaka * = mf(%{A})n. (fr. Caus.) deceiving, a deceiver, fraudulent, crafty Mn. MBh.
&c. ; m. a jackal Va1s. Hit. ; a tame or house-ichneumon L. ; a low or vile man W.
vacana * = n. (or %{-nA}, f. ; fr. Caus.) cheating, deception, fraud MBh. Ka1v. &c. (%
{-naM} or %{-nAM} %{kR}, to practise fraud, cheat, take in ; %{-nAM-labh} or %{praAp}, to be deceived) ; illusion, delusion, hallucination MW. ; (%{A}) f. lost labour or time
Ka1lid. (cf. %{zIla-v-}).
vacita * = mfn. deceived, tricked, imposed upon MBh. Ka1v. &c.; (a1) f. a kind of
riddle or enigma Cat.
vand.h = to bow down
vanda = Worship
vandate = (1 ap) to salute
vandita = praised, saluted
vande = worship
vandya* mfn. to be praised, praiseworthy RV. &c. &c.; to be saluted reverentially,
adorable, very venerable Kv. Kaths.; to be regarded or respected L.; m. N. of a man
Cat.; ({A}) f. a parasitical plant L.; {-go-rocanA} L.; N. of a Yaksh Kaths.
vandin * = mfn. to praise or honour (ifc.) Kum. (cf. 1. {bandin}

vanhiH = fire
vani* = f. wish, desire AV. m. fire L. ({va4ni} ifc.) procuring, bestowing (cf. {rAyas-poSav-} and Pn. 3-2, 27).
vanii* = see under 1. {vana}.
vantaH = subject to
vapati = (1 pp) to sow
vapuH = body
vapuna* = m. a god L.; n. knowledge L. (w.r. for {vayuna}).
vara = Groom
vara * = 1 m. (fr. 1. %{vR}), `" environing "', `" enclosing "', circumference, space, room
RV. AV. TS. (%{va4ra@A4@pRthivyA4H}, on the wide earth); stopping, checking RV. i,
143, 5.\\ 2 inf(%{A})n. (fr. 2. %{vR}) choosing (see %{patiM-varA}, %{svayaM-varA});
m. `" chooser "', one who solicits a girl in marriage, suitor, lover, bridegroom, husband
(rarely `" son-in-law "') RV. &c. &c.; a bridegroom's friend MW.; a dissolute man (= %
{vita} or %{SiDga}) L.; (%{va4ra}) mf(%{A})n. `" select "', choicest, valuable, precious,
best, most excellent or eminent among (gen. loc. abl., or comp.) or for (gen.) S3rS. MBh.
&c.; (ifc.) royal, princely Ja1takam.; better, preferable, better than (abl., rarely gen.) or
among (abl.) Mn. MBh. &c.; eldest W.; (%{am}) ind. (g. %{svar-Adi}) preferably, rather,
better (also = preferable, sometimes with abl. which in Veda is often followed by %{A}
e.g. %{agni4bhyo@va4ram}, `" better than fires "' RV.; %{sa4kkibhya@A4@va4ram},

`" better than companions "' ib.; exceptionally with acc. e.g. %{ziSyaiH@zatahutAn@homAn}, %{ekaH@putra-kut@varam}, `" better one sacrifice offered by a son
than a hundred offered by disciples "' Shad2vBr.) RV. &c. &c.; it is better that, it would
be best if (with pres. e.g. %{varaM@gacchAmi}, `" it is better that I go "'; or with Impv.
e.g. %{varaM@naye@sthApyatAm}, `" it would be better if he were initiated into our
plan "' Katha1s.; or without any verb e.g. %{varaM@siMhAt}, `" better [death caused] by
a lion "' Pan5cat.; sometimes with Pot., e. %{varaM@tat@kuryAt}, `" better that he
should do that Ka1m.) Ka1v. Katha1s. &c.; it is better than, rather than (in these senses %
{varam} is followed by, %{na}, %{na@ca} %{na@tu}, %{na@punaH} %{tad@api@na}
or %{tathA7pi@na}, with nom. e.g. %{varaM@mRzyur@nacA7kIrtiH}, `" better death
than [lit. `" and not "'] infamy "'; exeptionally with instr. e.g. %
{varam@eko@guNI@putro@ta@ca@mUrkha-zatair@api}, `" better one virtuous son
than hundreds of fools "' Hit.; %{na@hi-varam}, `" by no mean - but rather "') Mn.
MBh. &c.; m. (rarely n.; ifc. f. %{A}) `" act or object of choosing, election, wish, request;
boon, gift, reward, benefit, blessing, favour (%{va4rAya}, %{va4ram@A4}, %
{pra4ti@va4ram} or %{va4raM@varam}, `" according to wish, to one's heart's content
"'; %{mad-varAt}, in consequence of the boon granted by me "'; %{va4raM-vR}, to
choose a boon "'; %{varaM-yAc} or %{A-kAGkS} or %{brU} or Caus. of %{pra-arth}, `"
to prefer a request "'; %{va4raMdA}, `" to grant a boon or blessing "'; %{varam@pradA} or %{pra-yam} id.; %{varaM-labh}, to receive a boon or reward "') RV. &c. &c.; a
benefit, advantage, privilege Das3.; charity, alms VarBr2S.; a dowry Pan5cat.; m. a kind
of grain (= %{varata}) Ka1tyS3r. Sch.; bdellium L.; a sparrow L.; N. of a son of
S3vaphalka VP.; (%{A}) f. N. of various plants and vegetable products (accord. to L. `"
the three kinds of myrobolan "'; Clypea Hemandifolia; Asparagus Racemosus; Cocculus
Cordifolius; turmeric; Embelia Ribes; a root similar to ginger; = %{brAhrnI} and %
{reNukA}) Sus3r.; N. of Pa1rvati1 L.; N. of a river BhP.; (%{I}) f. Asparagus Racemosus
L.; N. of Cha1ya (the wife of Su1rya) L.; n. saffron BhP. (In comp. not always separable

from 1. %{vara}.)
varaM = better
varaH = better
varada = the one granting boons * mf({A4})n. granting wishes, conferring a boon, ready
to fulfil requests or answer prayers (said of gods and men) AV. S'vetUp. Tr. &c.; m. a
benefactor W.; N. of Agni in S'ntika Griihys.; fire for burnt offerings of a propitiatory
character W.; N. of one of Skanda's attendants MBh.; of a partic. class of deceased
ancestors MrkP.; of a partic. Samdhi Krand.; of one of the 7 Rishis in the 4th Manvantara VP.; of a Dhyni-buddha W.; (mostly with {AcArya}, {kavi}, {dezika},
{bhaTTAraka} or {dezdezika Ac-}) N. of various authors and other men Cat.; pl. N. of a
people R.; ({A}) f. a young woman, girl, maiden L.; N. of a guardian goddess in the
family of Vara-tantu Cat.; of a Yogin Hcat. (cf. {vara-pradA}); of various plants,
Physalis Flexuosa Bhpr. Npr.; Polanisia Icosandra L.; Helianthus Npr.; Linum
Usitatissimum Bhpr.; the root of yam ib.; = {tri-parNI} Npr.; N. of a river MBh. Kv.;
{gaNapati-stotra}, {-gaNe7?za-stotra} n. N. of Stotras; {-caturthI} f. N. of the 4th day in
the light half of the month Mgha Cat. (prob. w.r. for {varadA-caturthI}); {-nAtha}, {thA7cArya-sUnu}, {-nAyaka-sUri} (Cat.), {-bhaTTa} (V. P, ), {-mUrti} (Cat.) m. N. of
authors; {-rAja} m. (also with {AcArya}, {colapaNDita}, {bhaTTa}, {bhaTTAraka}) N. of
various authors and other persons Cat. ({-ja-campU} f. {-daNDaka}, {-paJcAzat} f. {maGgala}, {-mahiSI-stotra} n. {-mUla} n. {-zataka} n. {-su-prabhAta}, {-stava} m. {stotra} n.; {-jA7STaka} n. {-jA7STo7ttara-zata} n. N. of wks.; {-jIya} mfn. coming from
or relating to or composed by Varada-rja; n. N. of wk.); {-viSNu-sUri} m. N. of a
Commentator Cat.; {-hasta} m. the beneficent hand (of a deity or benefactor of any kind)
MW.; {-das-caturthI} see {varada-c-} above L.; {-dA-tantra} n. N. of wk.; {odA7dhiza-

yajvan} m. N. of an author Cat.; {-dA7rka} m. {-do7paniSad-dIpikA} f. N. of wks.

varadaM = that which gives boons
varadamuurtaye = to the personified boongiver
varaan.h = (masc.Acc.Pl.) boons; bridegrooms
varaanane = Oh! lady having the best face!
varaaha = the boar
varaahaH = (m) pig, boar
varaaya * = Nom, (only {-yita} n. impers.) to be or represent a boon Kaths.
varcas* = n. ( {ruc}) vital power, vigour, energy, activity, (esp.) the illuminating power of
fire or the sun i.e. brilliance, lustre, light RV. &c. &c.; colour R. BhP. [924, 2]; splendour,
glory Kv. Pur.; form, figure, shape L.; excrement, ordure, feces Rjat. Sus'r.; m. N. of a
son of Soma MBh.; of a son of Su-tejas or Su-ketas ib.; of Rkshava BhP. (Sch.)
varcasvin mfn. vigorous, active, energetic AV. VS. &c.; m. an energetic man S3Br.; N.
of a son of Varcas and grandson of Soma MBh. Hariv.
varishhTham.h = the foremost
vardhate = (1 ap) to grow, to increase

vardhana = Who prospers

vardhamaanakaH = (m) special containers used to store pickles
vardhita * = 1 mfn. cut off L.; carved or fashioned (as timber for a building); fabricated,
built Va1stuv.; filled, full L.\\ 2 mfn. increased, grown, expanded, augmented,
strengthened, promoted, gladdened MBh. Ka1v. &c.; n. a kind of dish (?) Mn. iii, 224.
vareNya * = mfn. to be wished for, desirable, excellent, best among (gen.) RV. &c. &c.;
m. a partic. class of deceased ancestors MrkP.; N. of a son of Bhriigu MBh.; ({A}) f. N.
of S'iva's wife L.; n. supreme bliss VP.; saffron L.
vareNyakratu * = ({vA-}) mfn. having excellent understanding, intelligent, wise RV. AV.
varga * = Divisional or Harmonic Charts;varga* (accented only in Nigh.) m. (fr. {vRj})
one who excludes or removes or averts KaushUp.; (ifc. f. {A}) a separate division, class,
set, multitude of similar things (animate or inanimate), group, company, family, party,
side (mostly ifc. e.g. {catur-}, {tri-v-} q.v.; often pl. for sg.) KtyS'r. Prt. &c.; (esp.) any
series or group of words classified together (as {manuSya-vanas-pati-v-} &c.), or a class
or series of consonants in the alphabet (seven such classes being given, viz. {ka-varga}, `"
the class of Guttural letters {ca-kAra-v-}, or {ca-v-}, `" the Palatals "' [924, 1]; {Ta-v-} `"
the Cerebrals "'; {ta-v-} `" the Dentals "'; {pa-v-} `" the Labials "'; {ya-v-} `" the
Semivowels "'; {za-v-} `" the Sibilants "', and the aspirate h cf. {varga-dvitIya} and {prathama}) Prt. VarBriS. Vop.; everything comprehended under any department or
head, everything included under a category, province or sphere of. VarBriS.; = {trivarga} (q.v.) BhP.; a section, chapter, division of a book, (esp.) a subdivision of an
Adhyya in the Riig-veda (which accord. to the mere mechanical division, contains 8

Ashtakas or 64 Adhyyas or 2006 Vargas; cf. {maNDala}) and a similar subdivision in

the Briihad-devat; (in alg.) the square of a number Col. (e.g. {paJca-v-}, square of five
cf. {bhinna-v-}); = {bala}, strength Naigh. ii, 9; N. of a country Buddh.; ({A}) f. N. of an
Apsaras MBh.
vargamuula = square root
vargottama = Same sign in navaa.nsha as in Bhavi usually increasing power for good or
bad
varii *= f. pl. (see also under 2. %{vara}) streams , rivers Naigh. i , 13 (cf. %{vAr} , %
{vAri}).
varishthha * = 1 mfn. (superl. of %{uru4} q.v.) widest, broadest, largest, most extensive
RV. VS. TBr. R.\\ 2 mf(%{A})n. (superl. of 2. %{vara}) the most excellent or best, most
preferable among (gen. or comp.) RV. &c. &c.; better than (abl.) Mn. vii, 84; chief (in a
bad sense) = worst, most wicked MBh. xiv, 879; iii, 12590.
varjayet.h = (verb III P.sing.PP) should be avoided; given up
varjitaaH = are devoid of1
varjita * = mfn. excluded, abandoned, avoided MBh. Ka1v. &c.; (with instr. or ifc.)
deprived of. wanting, without, with the exception of. Mn. MBh. &c.
varjya *= mfn. to be excluded or shunned or avoided or given up Mn. MBh. &c. ; (ifc.)
with the exception of , exclusive of. without MBh. Ma1rkP. ; n. a stage in each lunar
mansion during which no business should be begun W.

varman * = n. (or m. Siddh. ; fr. 1. %{vR}) `" envelope "', defensive armour, a coat of
mail RV. &c. &c. ; a bulwark, shelter, defence, protection ib. (often at the end of the
names of Kshatriyas) ; bark, rind VarBr2S. ; N. of partic. preservative formulas and
prayers (esp. of the mystic syllable %{hum}) BhP.
varN* = (rather Nom. fr. {varNa}) cl. 10. P. (Dhtup. xxxv, 83) {varNayati} (m.c. also {te}; aor. {avavarNat}; inf. {varNayitum} or {varNitum}), to paint, colour, dye. Yj.
Das'.; to depict, picture, write, describe, relate, tell, explain MBh. Kv. &c.; to regard,
consider Kaths.; to spread, extend MBh.; to praise, extol, proclaim qualities W.: Pass.
{varNyate} (aor. {avarNi}), to be coloured or described &c. MBh. Kv. &c.
va4rNa-ja* = mfn. produced from castes VarBriS.
varNanIya mfn. to be painted or coloured or delineated or described BhP. Sa1h.
Sarvad. (cf. %{zoNita-v-}).
varNatanu* = f. N. of a partic. Mantra addressed to Sarasvat Cat.
varNatas* = ind. by or with or according to colour &c. RPrt. AgP.
varNada* = mfn. giving colour, colouring, dyeing W.; giving tribe &c. ib.; n. a kind of
fragrant yellow wood L.
varNadUta* = m. `" letter-messenger "', a letter, epistle L.
varNapAta* = m. the dropping or omission of a letter in pronunciation MW.
varNapuSpa* = n. the blossom of globe-amaranth L.; ({I}) f. Echinops Echinatus L.

varNa = color * = m. (or n. g. {ardharcA7di}, prob. fr. 1. {vR}; ifc. f. {A}) a covering,
cloak, mantle L.; a cover, lid Yj. iii, 99; outward appearance, exterior, form, figure,
shape, colour RV. &c. &c.; colour of the face, (esp.) good colour or complexion, lustre,
beauty Mn. MBh. &c.; colour, tint, dye, pigment (for painting or writing) MBh. Kv. &c.;
colour = race, species, kind, sort, character, nature, quality, property (applied to persons
and things) RV. &c. &c.; class of men, tribe, order, caste (prob. from contrast of colour
between the dark aboriginal tribes and their fair conquerors; in RV. esp. applied to the
ryas and the Dsas; but more properly applicable to the four principal classes
described in Manu's code, viz. Brhmans, Kshatriyas, Vais'yas, and s'dras; the more
modern word for `" caste "' being jti; cf. IW. 210 n. 1) ib.; a letter, sound, vowel,
syllable, word Br. Prt. &c.; a musical sound or note (also applied to the voice of
animals) MBh. R. Pacat.; the order or arrangement of a song or poem W.; praise,
commendation, renown, glory Mriicch. Kum. Rjat.; (in alg.) an unknown magnitude or
quantity; (in arithm.) the figure, `" one "'; (accord. to some) a co-efficient; a kind of
measure L. (cf. {-tAla}); gold L.; a religious observance L.; one who wards off, expeller
Sy. on RV. i, 104, 2; ({A}) f. Cajanus Indicus L.; n. saffron L. [Cf. accord. to some, Slav.
{vranu8}, `" black "', `" a crow "'; Lith. {vA7rnas}, `" a crow. "']
varNaas'rama *= n. caste and order, class and stage of life (see %{Azrama}) S3ak. ; %
{-guru} m. `" chief of caste and order "'N. of S3iva L. ; %{-dharma} m. the duties of
caste and order W. ; N. of wk. (also %{-madIpa}, m.) ; %{-zrama-vat} or %{-zramin}
mfn. possessed of caste and order BhP.
varNaM = colors
varNaya *V= describe, pleasee describe (zie anuvarn)

varNayaaM *V = do we describe
varNayati *= f. (in music) a kind of measure Sam2gi1t.
varNaayatva *= n. change of complexion or colour Sa1h.
varNasankara = of unwanted children
varNasankaraH = unwanted progeny
varNaadii.n = the letter groups or caste groups
varsha = Year
varsha * = mf({A})n. (fr. {vRS}) raining (ifc. e.g. {kAma-v-}, raining according to one's
wish) BhP.; m. and (older) n. (ifc. f. {A}) rain, raining, a shower (either `" of rain "', or
fig. `" of flowers, arrows, dust &c. "'; also applied to seminal effusion) RV. &c. &c.; (pl.)
the rains AV. (cf. {varSA} f.); a cloud L.; a year (commonly applied to age) Br. &c. &c.
({A varSAt}, for a whole year; {varSAt}, after a year; {varSeNa} within a year; {varSe}
every year); a day (?) R. vii, 73, 5 (Sch.); a division of the earth as separated off by
certain mountain ranges (9 such divisions are enumerated, viz. Kuru, Hiranmaya,
Ramyaka, Ila7vriita, Hari; Ketu-ml, Bhadra7s'iva. Kimnara, and Bhrata "';
sometimes the number given is 7) MBh. Pur. (cf. IW. 420); India (= {bhAratavarSa} and
{jambu-dvIpa}) L.; m. N. of a grammarian Kaths.; ({A4}) f. see p. 92 7, col. 2.
varshaa4* = f. rain S'nkhGri. VarBriS.; pl. (exceptionally sg.) the rains, rainy season,
monsoon (lastyear into six seasons [see {Rtu}], the rains falling in some places during
S'rvana and Bhdra, and in others during Bhdra and s'vina; and in others for a

longer period) TS. &c. &c.; Medicago Esculenta L. [Cf. Gk. $, `" rain-drops. "']
varshaphala = Annual results. Method of Progression using Solar Returns
varshh.h = to pour
varshha = year
varshhaM = rain
varshhatu = (Vr.Imp.IIIP S)let it rain
varshhaa = monsoon
varshman *= m. height, top RV. AV.; the vertex RV.; n. (%{va4rihman}) height, top,
surface, uttermost part RV. VS. TS. &c.; height, greatness, extent MBh. Hariv. &c.;
measure W.; body MBh. Hariv. Ya1jn5. &c.; a handsome form or auspicious appearance
L.; mfn. holding rain W.\\ vaarshmaNa mfn. (fr. %{varSman}) being uppermost
Kaus3. (accord. to others `" a tree struck at the top by lightning "').
varshma *= 1 m. Pa1rGr2. i, 3, 8 (%{varSmo'smi} prob. w.r. for %{varSmA7smi}) ; n.
body, form = %{va4rSman} MW.
varshma *=

2 in comp. for %{varSman}.

varshmaabha *= mfn. resembling the body or form (of anything) MW.

varshmala *= mfn. fr. %{varSman} g. %{sidhmA7di}.

varshman *= m. height, top RV. AV. ; the vertex RV. ; n. (%{va4rihman}) height, top,
surface, uttermost part RV. VS. TS. &c. ; height, greatness, extent MBh.
Hariv. &c. ; measure W. ; body MBh. Hariv. Ya1jn5. &c. ; a handsome form or auspicious
appearance L. ; mfn. holding rain W.
varshmavat *= mfn. having a body MBh.
varshmavIrya *=

n. vigour of body MW.

varta *= m. (fr. %{vRt}) subsistence, livelihood L. (mostly ifc. ; see %{andhaka-}, %

{kalya-}, %{bahu-}, %{brahma-v-}) ; the -urethra, Ksus3. Sch. (v.l. for 1. %{varti}).
vartana *= mfn. (also fr. Caus.) abiding , staying &c. (= %{vartiSNu}) L. ; setting in
motion , quickening , causing to live or be (also applied to Vishn2u) Hariv. BhP. ; m. a
dwarf. L. ; (%{A}) f. see under n. ; (%{I}) f. staying , abiding , living , life L. ; a way , road
, path (= %{vartani4}) HParis3. ; `" grinding "' or `" despatching "' (= %{peSaNa} or %
{pre4SaNa}) L. ; a spindle or distaff , Lali. ; n. the act of turning or rolling or rolling on
or moving forward or about (trans. and intrans.) Nir. Ka1tyS3r. BhP. Car. &c. (also %{A}
f. Harav.) ; twisting (a rope) L. ; staying , abiding in (loc.) Uttarar. ; living on (instr.) ,
livelihood , subsistence , occupation , earnings , wages Ka1v. Ra1jat. Katha1s. Hit. ;
commerce , intercourse with (%{saha}) Ka1m. ; proceeding , conduct , behaviour Sa1h. ;
(ifc.) application of. Kir. ; a distaff or spindle L. ; a globe or ball L. ; an often told word L.
; a place where a horse rolls L. ; decoction L.
vartani* = f. the circumference or felloe of a wheel RV. Br.; the track of a wheel, rut,
path, way, course ib. AV. ChUp.; the course of rivers RV. TS.; the eyelashes S'Br. (cf.
{vartman}); the eastern country L.; = {stotra} g. {uJchA7di}.

vartanin* = see {eka-}, {ubhaya-} and {sahasra-v-}.

vartanIya* = mfn. to be stayed or dwelt in; n. (impers.) it should be applied or attended
to (loc.) Vcar.
varti-tva* = n. (ifc.) treatment as of Km.
vartin* = mfn. abiding, staying, resting, living or situated in (mostly comp.) Kv. Kaths.
&c.; (ifc.) being in any position or condition, engaged in, practising, performing MBh. R.
&c.; obeying, executing (an order; cf. {nideza-v-}); conducting one's self, behaving,
acting Mn. MBh. &c.; (ifc.) behaving properly towards ib. (cf. {guru-v-}; {guru-vat} =
{gurAv iva}); turning, moving, going MW.; m. the meaning of an affix (=
{pratyayA7rtha}) Pat.
varti4s* = n. circuit, orbit RV.; lodging, abode ib. (= {mArga} Mahdh.; = {gRha} Sy.)
vartIkR* = P. {-karoti}, to make into a paste or pill, &c. SrngS.
vartula* = mf({A})n. round, circular, globular BhP. Vet. Hcat.; m. a kind of pea
Madanav.; a ball L.; N. of one of S'iva's attendants L.; ({A}) f. a ball at the end of a
spindle to assist its rotation, L,; ({I}) f. Scindapsus Officinalis L.; n. a circle Cat.; the bulb
of a kind of onion L.
vartuli* = (gender doubtful), a kind of bean Buddh.
vartma* = in comp. for {vartman}.
vartate = (1 ap) to exist, to be

vartana = Behavior *= mfn. (also fr. Caus.) abiding, staying &c. (= %{vartiSNu}) L. ;
setting in motion, quickening, causing to live or be (also applied to Vishn2u) Hariv. BhP.
; m. a dwarf. L. ; (%{A}) f. see under n. ; (%{I}) f. staying, abiding, living, life L. ; a way,
road, path (= %{vartani4}) HParis3. ; `" grinding "' or `" despatching "' (= %{peSaNa}
or %{pre4SaNa}) L. ; a spindle or distaff, Lali. ; n. the act of turning or rolling or rolling
on or moving forward or about (trans. and intrans.) Nir. Ka1tyS3r. BhP. Car. &c. (also %
{A} f. Harav.) ; twisting (a rope) L. ; staying, abiding in (loc.) Uttarar. ; living on (instr.),
livelihood, subsistence, occupation, earnings, wages Ka1v. Ra1jat. Katha1s. Hit. ;
commerce, intercourse with (%{saha}) Ka1m. ; proceeding, conduct, behaviour Sa1h. ;
(ifc.) application of. Kir. ; a distaff or spindle L. ; a globe or ball L. ; an often told word L.
; a place where a horse rolls L. ; decoction L.
vartani* = f. the circumference or felloe of a wheel RV. Br.; the track of a wheel, rut,
path, way, course ib. AV. ChUp.; the course of rivers RV. TS.; the eyelashes S'Br. (cf.
{vartman}); the eastern country L.; = {stotra} g. {uJchA7di}.
vartante = are being engaged
vartman* = n. the track or rut of a wheel, path, road, way, course (lit. and fig.) RV. &c.
&c. (instr. or loc. ifc. = by way of. along, through, by); an edge, border, rim Sus'r.; an
eyelid (as encircling the eye) AV. ChUp. Sus'r.; basis, foundation, RPrat. (cf. {dyUta-v-}).
vartamana = present
vartamaana = Present *= mfn. turning , moving , existing , living , abiding &c. ; present
Ka1tyS3r. ; (%{A}) f. the terminations of the present tense Ka1t. ; n. presence , the
present time Ka1v. BhP. ; (in gram.) the present tense.

vartamaanaH = being situated* = vartamAna* mfn. turning, moving, existing, living,

abiding &c.; present KtyS'r.; ({A}) f. the terminations of the present tense Kt.; n.
presence, the present time Kv. BhP.; (in gram.) the present tense.
vartamaanaani = present
vartana * = mfn. (also fr. Caus.) abiding, staying &c. (= %{vartiSNu}) L.; setting in
motion, quickening, causing to live or be (also applied to Vishn2u) Hariv. BhP.; m. a
dwarf. L.; (%{A}) f. see under n.; (%{I}) f. staying, abiding, living, life L.; a way, road,
path (= %{vartani4}) HParis3.; `" grinding "' or `" despatching "' (= %{peSaNa} or %
{pre4SaNa}) L.; a spindle or distaff, Lali.; n. the act of turning or rolling or rolling on or
moving forward or about (trans. and intrans.) Nir. Ka1tyS3r. BhP. Car. &c. (also %{A} f.
Harav.); twisting (a rope) L.; staying, abiding in (loc.) Uttarar.; living on (instr.),
livelihood, subsistence, occupation, earnings, wages Ka1v. Ra1jat. Katha1s. Hit.;
commerce, intercourse with (%{saha}) Ka1m.; proceeding, conduct, behaviour Sa1h.;
(ifc.) application of. Kir.; a distaff or spindle L.; a globe or ball L.; an often told word L.;
a place where a horse rolls L.; decoction L.
vartani f. the circumference or felloe of a wheel RV. Br.; the track of a wheel, rut, path,
way, course ib. AV. ChUp.; the course of rivers RV. TS.; the eyelashes S3Br. (cf. %
{vartman}); the eastern country L.; = %{stotra} g. %{uJchA7di}.
vartaya = to operate (causal from vart.h)
varti 1 (or 33 vartI ) * = f. anything rolled or wrapped round, a pad, a kind of
bandage bound round a wound Sus3r.; any cosmetic prepared from various substances
(used as a remedy in the form of a paste or pill) ib. [925,3]; ointment, unguent, collyrium

Uttarar. Katha1s.; a suppository ib.; the wick of a lamp MBh. VarBr2S. Katha1s.; a
magical wick Pan5cat.; a limp L.; the projecting threads or unwoven ends of woven cloth,
a kind of fringe L.; a projecting rim or protuberance round a vessel Ka1tyS3r.; a swelling
or poly. pus in the throat Sus3r.; a swelling or protuberance formed by internal rupture
ib. (cf. %{mUtra-v-}); a surgical instrument, bougie L.; a streak, line (see %{dhUma-v-}.
vartin.h = one who lives / behaves* = vartin mfn. abiding, staying, resting, living or
situated in (mostly comp.) Ka1v. Katha1s. &c.; (ifc.) being in any position or condition,
engaged in, practising, performing MBh. R. &c.; obeying, executing (an order; cf. %
{nideza-v-}); conducting one's self, behaving, acting Mn. MBh. &c.; (ifc.) behaving
properly towards ib. (cf. %{guru-v-}; %{guru-vat} = %{gurAv@iva}); turning, moving,
going MW.; m. the meaning of an affix (= %{pratyayA7rtha}) Pat.
vartita= *mfn. (fr. Caus.) turned, rounded (see %{su-v-}); turned about, rolled (as a
wheel) BhP.; caused to be or exist, brought about, accomplished, prepared MBh.
Pan5cat.; spent, passed (as time or life) MBh. BhP.
vartitaa= * f. (ifc.) conduct or behaviour towards R.
vartitavya= *mfn. to be dwelt or stayed in BhP.; to be carried out or practised or
observed R.; to be treated or dealt with MBh.; n. (impers.) it should be abided or
remained in (loc.; with %{asmad-vaze}, `" in obedience to us "' - `" we ought to be
obeyed "') BhP. Katha1s. Pan5cat.; it should be applied (by any one) to (loc.) MBh. R.; it
should be lived or existed Pan5cat.; (with an adv. or instr.) it should be proceeded or
behaved towards or dealt in any way with any one (loc. gen., or instr. with %{saha}) MBh.
Ka1v. &c. (%{mAtR-vat} = %{mAta4rva}, `" as with a mother "').

varte = I am engaged
varteta = remains
varteyaM = thus engage
vartin mfn. abiding, staying, resting, living or situated in (mostly comp.) Ka1v. Katha1s.
&c.; (ifc.) being in any position or condition, engaged in, practising, performing MBh. R.
&c.; obeying, executing (an order; cf. %{nideza-v-}); conducting one's self, behaving,
acting Mn. MBh. &c.; (ifc.) behaving properly towards ib. (cf. %{guru-v-}; %{guru-vat} =
%{gurAv@iva}); turning, moving, going MW.; m. the meaning of an affix (= %
{pratyayA7rtha}) Pat.
vartma = path
vartmani = on the path
varuNaH = the demigod controlling the water
varuutha * = n. protection, defence, shelter, secure abode RV. AV. VS. TBr.; a house or
dwelling Naigh.; armour, a coat of mail L.; a shield L.; (also m.) a sort of wooden ledge
or guard fastened round a chariot as a defence against collision Sa1n3khS3r. MBh. &c.;
any multitude, host, swarm, quantity, assemblage (also of sons &c.) BhP.; m. the Indian
cuckoo L.; time L.; %{-nija-rASTraka} (?) L.; N. of a Gra1ma R.; of a man Ma1rkP.
varya * =mf({A})n. (fr. 2. {vR}) to be chosen, eligible, to be asked or obtained in
marriage Pn. 3-i, 101 Sch.; excellent, eminent, chief, principal, best of (gen. or comp.)
MBh. Kv. &c.; m. the god of love L.; ({A}) f. a girl who chooses her husband L.

vasaa * = (sometimes written {vazA}) f. `" shining "', `" white "', the serum or marrow of
the flesh (considered by some as distinct from that of the bones by others as the same),
marrow, fat, grease, lard, suet, melted fat, any fatty or oily substance VS. &c. &c.; brain
Kaths.; a partic. root similar to ginger L.; N. of a river MBh.
vasa * = m. or n. dwelling, residence (see {dur-vasa}); ({A4}) f. (accord. to some) id. (?)
RV. v. 2, 6.
vasat.h = one who lives
vasana = dwelling * = 1 n. (for 2. see col. 3) cloth, clothes, dress, garment, apparel, attire
(du. an upper and lower garment) RV. &c. &c. (ifc. f. %{A} = clothed in, surrounded by,
engrossed by i.e. wholly devoted or attached to e.g. to a doctrine Ka1v. Pur.); investment,
siege L.; a leaf of the cinnamon tree L.; (also %{A} f.) an ornament woris by women
round the loins L. //2 n. (for 1. see col. 1) dwelling, abiding, sojourn, residence in
(comp.) MBh.
vas'a *= 1 m. will, wish, desire RV. &c. &c. (also pl. %{va4zAn@a4nu} or %
{a4nu@va4za}, `" according to wish or will, at pleasure "') ; authority, power, control,
dominion (in AV. personified) ib. (acc. with verbs of going e.g. with %{i}, %{anu-i}, %
{gam}, %{A-gam}, %{ya}, %{A-pad}, %{A-sthA} &c., `" to fall into a person's [gen.]
power, become subject or give way to "' ; acc. with %{nI}, %{A-nI} and %{pra-yuj}, or
loc. with %{kR}, %{labh} or Caus. of %{sthA} or %{saM-sthA}, `" to reduce to subjection,
subdue "' ; loc. with %{bhU}, %{vRt}, %{sthA} and %{saM-sthA}, `" to be in a person's
[gen.] power "' ; %{vazena}, %{-zAt}, and %{-za-taH}, with gen. or ifc., `" by command
of, by force of, on account of, by means of, according to "') ; birth, origin L. ; a brothel L.
(cf. %{veza}) ; Carissa Carandas L. ; the son of a Vais3ya and a Karan2i1 L. ; N. of a

R2ishi preserved by the As3vins RV. ; (with %{azvya}) of the supposed author of RV. viii,
46 (in S3Br. &c. also of this hymn itself) ; = %{vAlmIki} Gal. ; pl. N. of a people AitBr.
MBh. ; (%{A}) f. see below ; mf(%{A})n. willing, submissive, obedient, subject to or
dependent on (gen.) Katha1s. BhP. Pan5cat. ; docile L. ; free, licentious L.\\2 n. (cf. %
{vasA}) liquid fat, grease AV. AitBr. Ka1t2h.
vazaa *= f. (rather fr. %{vAz}, as `" the lowing animal "', than fr. %{vaz}) a cow (esp.
barren) RV. AV. Br. Gr2S3rS. ; (with %{a4vI}) a ewe TS. TBr. ; a female elephant Vikr.
Katha1s. ; a barren woman Mn. viii, 28 ; any woman or wife L. ; a daughter L. ; Premna
Spinosa and Longifolia L. [Cf. accord. to some, Lat. {vacca}.]
vas'ana* = n. wishing, desiring, willing &c. Pa1n2. 3-3, 58 Va1rtt. 3 Sch.
vasanaM = pitambharam
vasanta = the deity of Spring, also Spring itself
vasantau = (and) Spring season
vasaanaM = having worn
vasana * = 1 n. (for 2. see col. 3) cloth, clothes, dress, garment, apparel, attire (du. an
upper and lower garment) RV. &c. &c. (ifc. f. {A} = clothed in, surrounded by, engrossed
by i.e. wholly devoted or attached to e.g. to a doctrine Kv. Pur.); investment, siege L.; a
leaf of the cinnamon tree L.; (also {A} f.) an ornament woris by women round the loins L.
\\ 2 n. (for 1. see col. 1) dwelling, abiding, sojourn, residence in (comp.) MBh.
vasantakaala * = m. spring-time, vernal season R.

vasati = (1 pp) to stay, dwell

vasaunaaM = of the Vasus
vasav = of clothes, wearing clothes
vasavaH = the Vasus
vasha = Agree
vas'a* = 1 m. will, wish, desire RV. &c. &c. (also pl. {va4zAn a4nu} or {a4nu va4za}, `"
according to wish or will, at pleasure "'); authority, power, control, dominion (in AV.
personified) ib. (acc. with verbs of going e.g. with {i}, {anu-i}, {gam}, {A-gam}, {ya}, {Apad}, {A-sthA} &c., `" to fall into a persos [gen.] power, become subject or give way to
"'; acc. with {nI}, {A-nI} and {pra-yuj}, or loc. with {kR}, {labh} or Caus. of {sthA} or
{saM-sthA}, `" to reduce to subjection, subdue "'; loc. with {bhU}, {vRt}, {sthA} and
{saM-sthA}, `" to be in a persos [gen.] power "'; {vazena}, {-zAt}, and {-za-taH}, with
gen. or ifc., `" by command of, by force of, on account of, by means of, according to "');
birth, origin L.; a brothel L. (cf. {veza}); Carissa Carandas L.; the son of a Vais'ya and a
Karan L.; N. of a Riishi preserved by the As'vins RV.; (with {azvya}) of the supposed
author of RV. viii, 46 (in S'Br. &c. also of this hymn itself); = {vAlmIki} Gal.; pl. N. of a
people AitBr. MBh.; ({A}) f. see below; mf({A})n. willing, submissive, obedient, subject
to or dependent on (gen.) Kaths. BhP. Pacat.; docile L.; free, licentious L.
vas'a* = 2 n. (cf. {vasA}) liquid fat, grease AV. AitBr. Kthh.
vas'aa* = f. (rather fr. {vAz}, as `" the lowing animal "', than fr. {vaz}) a cow (esp.
barren) RV. AV. Br. GriS'rS.; (with {a4vI}) a ewe TS. TBr.; a female elephant Vikr.

Kaths.; a barren woman Mn. viii, 28; any woman or wife L.; a daughter L.; Premna
Spinosa and Longifolia L. [Cf. accord. to some, Lat. {vacca}.]
vashaM = control
vashaaH = (Nom.Pl.) (are under) control or influence
vas'a * = 1 m. will, wish, desire RV. &c. &c. (also pl. %{va4zAn@a4nu} or %
{a4nu@va4za}, `" according to wish or will, at pleasure "') ; authority, power, control,
dominion (in AV. personified) ib. (acc. with verbs of going e.g. with %{i}, %{anu-i}, %
{gam}, %{A-gam}, %{ya}, %{A-pad}, %{A-sthA} &c., `" to fall into a person's [gen.]
power, become subject or give way to "' ; acc. with %{nI}, %{A-nI} and %{pra-yuj}, or
loc. with %{kR}, %{labh} or Caus. of %{sthA} or %{saM-sthA}, `" to reduce to subjection,
subdue "' ; loc. with %{bhU}, %{vRt}, %{sthA} and %{saM-sthA}, `" to be in a person's
[gen.] power "' ; %{vazena}, %{-zAt}, and %{-za-taH}, with gen. or ifc., `" by command
of, by force of, on account of, by means of, according to "') ; birth, origin L. ; a brothel L.
(cf. %{veza}) ; Carissa Carandas L. ; the son of a Vais3ya and a Karan2i1 L. ; N. of a
R2ishi preserved by the As3vins RV. ; (with %{azvya}) of the supposed author of RV. viii,
46 (in S3Br. &c. also of this hymn itself) ; = %{vAlmIki} Gal. ; pl. N. of a people AitBr.
MBh. ; (%{A}) f. see below ; mf(%{A})n. willing, submissive, obedient, subject to or
dependent on (gen.) Katha1s. BhP. Pan5cat. ; docile L. ; free, licentious L.\\ 2 n. (cf. %
{vasA}) liquid fat, grease AV. AitBr. Ka1t2h.
vas'aa * = f. (rather fr. %{vAz}, as `" the lowing animal "', than fr. %{vaz}) a cow (esp.
barren) RV. AV. Br. Gr2S3rS. ; (with %{a4vI}) a ewe TS. TBr. ; a female elephant Vikr.
Katha1s. ; a barren woman Mn. viii, 28 ; any woman or wife L. ; a daughter L. ; Premna
Spinosa and Longifolia L. [Cf. accord. to some, Lat. {vacca}.]

vashath * = ind. (accord. to some fr. 1. {vah}; cf. 2. {vaT} and {vauSaT}) an exclamation
uttered by the Hotrii priest at the end of the sacrificial verse (on hearing which the
Adhvaryu priest casts the oblation offered to the deity into the fire; it is joined with a dat.
e.g. {pUSNe vaSaT}; with {kR}, to utter the exclamation {vaSaT} "') RV. VS. Br. S'rS.
Mn. MBh. Pur
vashaat.h = under obligation
vashii = one who is controlled
vashii+kri = to conquer, overcome
vashe = in full subjugation
vas'itva * = n. freedom of will, the being one's own master MBh. Hariv. [929, 3]; power
or dominion over (loc.) Sarvad.; the supernatural power of subduing to one's own will
MrkP. Pacar. &c.; mastery of one's self, self-command Kum. MrkP.; subduing by
magical means, fascinating, bewitching MW.
vas'itaa * = f. subjugation, dominion W.; the supernatural power of subduing all to one's
own will, unbounded power of (comp.; a Bodhi-sattva is said to have 10 Vas'its, viz.
{Ayur-}, {citta-}, {pariSkAra-}, {dharma-}, {Rddhi-}, {janma-}, {adhimukti-},
{praNidhAna-}, {karma-}, and {jAna-v-} Dharmas. 74) BhP. Buddh.; subduing by the
use of magical means, fascinating, bewitching W.
vas.h = to livevasudhara = one that is wearing vasu, earth
vashya = under control

vas'yataa *= f. (MBh. Hariv. R. &c.) or (MBh. R.) the being under the control of (gen.
or comp.) , fitness for subjection , obedience , humility.
vasishthha * = mfn. (superl. fr. 1. {va4su}; cf. {va4sIyas} and under 3. {vas}) most
excellent, best, richest RV. AV. Br. ChUp. MBh.; m. (wrongly written {vaziSTha}), `" the
most wealthy "'N. of a celebrated Vedic Riishi or sage (owner of the `" cow of plenty "',
called Nandin, offspring of Surabhi, which by gransing all desires made him, as his
name implies, master of every {vasu} or desirable object; he was the typical
representative of Brhmanical rank, and the legends of his conflict with Vis'v-mitra,
who raised himself from the kingly or Kshatriya to the Brhmanical class, were probably
founded on the actual struggles which took place between the Brhmans and Kshatriyas;
a great many hymns of the RV. are ascribed to these two great rivals; those of the seventh
Mandala, besides some others, being attributed to Vasishthha, while those of the third
Mandala are assigned to Vis'v-mitra; in one of Vasishtha's hymns he is represented as
king Su-ds "' family priest, an office to which Vis'v-mitra also aspired; in another
hymn Vasishthha claims to have been inspired by Varuna, and in another [RV. vii, 33, 11]
he is called the son of the Apsaras Urvas' by Mitra and Varuna, whence his patronymic
Maitrvaruni [930,3]; in Manu i, 35, he is enumerated among the ten Praj-patis or
Patriarchs produced by Manu Svyambhuva for the peopling of the universe; in the MBh.
he is mentioned as the family priest of the solar race or family of Ikshvku and Rmacandra, and in the Purnas as one of the arrangers of the Vedas in the Dvpara age; he
is, moreover, called the father of Aurva [Hariv.], of the Suklins [Mn.], of seven sons
[Hariv. Pur.], and the husband of Aksha-ml or Arundhat [MBh.] and of rj [Pur.];
other legends make him one of the 7 patriarchal sages regarded as forming the Great
Bear in which he represents the star (see {RSi}) RV. &c. &c. (cf. IW. 361; 402 n. 1 &c.);
N. of the author of a law-book and other wks. (prob. intended to be ascribed to the Vedic
Riishi above); pl. the family of Vasishthha RV. S'Br. S'rS. ({vasiSThasyA7GkuzaH} &c.N.

of Smans rshBr.); N. of an Anuvka Pat. on Pn. 4-3, 131 Vrtt. 2; n. flesh Gal.
vasti = internal cleansing
vastu = Article* = 1 f. (for 2. see p. 932, col. 3) becoming light, dawning, morning RV.
VS. (gen. {va4stoH}, in the mmorning; {va4stor vastoH}, every mmorning; {va4stor
asyA4H}, this mmorning; {pra4ti va4stoH}, towards mmorning; dat. {va4stave} see
under 2. {vas}).
vastu* = 2 n. (for 1. see p. 931, col. 3) the seat or place of (see {kapila-}, {vraNa-v-}); any
really existing or abiding substance or essence, thing, object, article Kv. VarBriS.
Kaths. &c. (also applied to living beings e.g. S'ak. ii, 7/8); (in phil.) the real (opp. to {av-}, `" that which does not really exist, the unreal "'; {a-dvitIya-v-}, `" the one real
substance or essence which has no second "') IW. 53 n. 1; 103 &c.; the right thing, a
valuable or worthy object, object of or for (comp.) Kv.; goods, wealth, property (cf. {vinimaya} and {-hAni}); the thing in question matter, affair, circumstance MBh. Kv.
&c.; subject, subject-matter, contents, theme (of a speech &c.), plot (of a drama or
poem) Kv. Das'ar. Sh. &c.; (in music) a kind of composition Sangt.; natural
disposition, essential property W.; the pith or substance of anything W.
vastutaa *= f. (ifc.) the state of being the object of Pan5cat. ; = next BhP.
vastutaH = actually, in reality
vastuuni = objects
vastunirdes'a* = m. table of contents, register Kvya7d. Sh.

vastra = Garment
vastrakos'a* = n. a clothes-bag L.
vastragriha* = n. '" cloth-house "', a tent L.
vastradazaa* = f. the border of a garment Gobh.
vastrapa* = m. pl. N. of a people MBh.
vastravat* = mfn. having fine clothes, welldressed MBh.
vastravidyaa* = w.r. for {vAstu-v-} q.v.
vastraveza* = m. or a tent L.
vastu* = 1 f. (for 2. see p. 932, col. 3) becoming light, dawning, morning RV. VS. (gen. %
{va4stoH}, in the mmorning; %{va4stor@vastoH}, every mmorning; %
{va4stor@asyA4H}, this mmorning; %{pra4ti@va4stoH}, towards mmorning; dat. %
{va4stave} see under 2. %{vas}).//2 n. (for 1. see p. 931, col. 3) the seat or place of (see %
{kapila-}, %{vraNa-v-}); any really existing or abiding substance or essence, thing,
object, article Ka1v. VarBr2S. Katha1s. &c. (also applied to living beings e.g. S3ak. ii,
7/8); (in phil.) the real (opp. to %{a-v-}, `" that which does not really exist, the unreal "';
%{a-dvitIya-v-}, `" the one real substance or essence which has no second "') IW. 53 n. 1;
103 &c.; the right thing, a valuable or worthy object, object of or for (comp.) Ka1v.;
goods, wealth, property (cf. %{-vinimaya} and %{-hAni}); the thing in question matter,
affair, circumstance MBh. Ka1v. &c.; subject, subject-matter, contents, theme (of a
speech &c.), plot (of a drama or poem) Ka1v. Das3ar. Sa1h. &c.; (in music) a kind of

composition Sam2gi1t.; natural disposition, essential property W.; the pith or substance
of anything W.//1. 2 see pp. 931 and 932.
vastutaa f. (ifc.) the state of being the object of Pan5cat. ; = next BhP.
vastutantra* = mfn. dependent on things, objective ({-tva} n.) S'ank.
vastutas* = ind. owing to the nature of things BhP.; in fact, in reality, actually, verily,
essentially ib. Rjat. Sarvad.
vasudhaa = earth
vasudhaiva = vasudhA(fem.nom.sing.)earth;world + eva:alone;itself
vasun.h = the eight Vasus
vasundharaa = (f) earth
vasu * = 1 mf({u} or {vI})n. (for 2. see p. 932, col. 3) excellent, good, beneficent RV.
GriS'rS.; sweet L.; dry L.; N. of the gods (as the `" good or bright ones, esp. of the
dityas, Maruts, As'vins, Indra, Ushas, Rudra, Vyu, Vishnu, S'iva, and Kubera) RV. AV.
MBh. R.; of a partic. class of gods (whose number is usually eight, and whose chief is
Indra, later Agni and Vishnu; they form one of the nine Ganas or classes enumerated
under Gana-devat q.v.; the eight Vasus were originally personifications, like other Vedic
deities, of natural phenomena, and are usually mentioned with the other Ganas common
in the Veda, viz. the eleven Rudras and the twelve diyas, constituting with them and
with Dyaus, Heaven, and Priithiv, `" Earth "' [or, according to some, with Indra and
Praj-pati, or, according to others, with the two As'vins], the thirty-three gods to which

reference is frequently made; the names of the Vasus, according to the Vishnu-Purna,
are, 1. pa [connected with {ap} "', `" water "']; 2. Dhruva, `" the Pole-star; 3. Soma, `"
the Moon "'; 4. Dhava or Dhara; 5. Anila, `" Wind "'; 6. Anala or Pvaka, `" Fire "'; 7.
Pratyusha, `" the Dawn "'; 8. Prabhsa, `" Light "'; but their names are variously given;
Ahan, `" Day "', being sometimes substituted for 1; in their relationship to Fire and Light
they appear to belong to Vedic rather than Purnic mythology) RV. &c. &c.; a symbolical
N. of the number `" eight "' VarBriS.; a ray of light Naigh. i, 15; a partic. ray of light VP.;
= {jina} S'l. (only L. the sun; the moon; fire; a rope, thong; a tree; N. of two kinds of
plant = {baka} and {pIta-madgu}; a lake, pond; a kind of fish; the the of the yoke of a
plough; the distance from the elbow to the closed fist); N. of a Rishi (with the patr.
Bharad-vja, author of RV. ix, 80-82, reckoned among the seven sages) Hariv.; of a son
of Manu ib.; of a son of Uttna-pda ib.; of a prince of the Cedis also called Upari-cara
MBh.; of a son of lina ib.; of a son of Kus'a and the country called after him RV.; of a son
of Vasu-deva BhP.; of a son of Kriishna ib.; of a son of Vatsara ib.; of a son of Hiranyaretas and the Varsha ruled by him ib.; of a son of Bhtajyotis ib.; of a son of Naraka ib.;
of a king of Kas'mra Cat. [931, 1]; ({u}) f. light, radiance L.; a partic. drug L.; N. of a
daughter of Daksha and mother of the Vasus (as a class of gods) Hariv. VP.: ({vI}) f.
night Naigh. i, 7; n. (in Veda gen. {va4sos}, {va4svas} and {va4sunas}; also pl.,
exceptionally m.) wealth, goods, riches, property RV. &c. &c. ({vasoS-pati} m. prob. `"
the god of wealth or property "' AV. i, 12 [Paipp. {asoS-p-}, `" the god of life "']; {va4sordhA4rA} f. `" stream of wealth "'N. of a partic. libation of Ghriita at the Agni-cayana AV.
TS. Br. &c.; of the wife of Agni BhP.; of the heavenly Gang MBh.; of sacred bathingplace ib.; of a kind of vessel ib.; {-rA-prayoga} m. N. of wk.); gold (see {-varma-dhara});
a jewel, gem, pearl (see {-mekhala}); any valuable or precious object L.; (also f.) a partic.
drug L.; a kind of salt (= {romaka}) L.; water L.; a horse (?) L.; = {zyAma} L
vasu * = 2 m. or n. (for 1. see p. 930, col. 3) dwelling or dweller (see {sa4M-vasu}).

vasu 2 m. or n. (for 1. see p. 930, col. 3) dwelling or dweller (see {sa4M-vasu}).

vasudeva * = m. N. of the father of Kriishna (he was the son of S'ra, a descendant of
Yadu of the lunar line, and was also called naka-dundubhi q.v., because at his birth the
gods, foreseeing that Vishnu would take a human form in his family, sounded the drums
of heaven for joy; he was a brother of Kunt or Priith, the mother of the Pandu princes,
who were thus cousins of Kriishna; see 1. {kRSNa}) MBh. Hariv. BhP. &c.; of a king of
the Kanva dynasty Pur. Vs., Introd.; of Kriishna Pacar.; of the grandfather of the poet
Mgha Cat.; (also with {brahma-prasAda}) of two authors Cat.; ({A}) f. N. of a daughter
of S'va-phalka VP.; n. the lunar mansion Dhanishthh VarBriS.; {-janman} m. N. of
Kriishna S'is'.; {-tA} f. a goddess granting wwealth Hariv. (cf. {vasu-devatA} below); {putra} m. N. of Kriishna Kv.; {-brahma-prasAda} m. N. of an author Cat.; {-bhU} m. `"
son of Vasu-deva "'N. of Kriishna L.; {-vA7tma-ja} m. id. Pacar
vasya* = to be put on
vath* = (prob. invented to serve as a root for the words below; cf. 1. {vRt}) cl. 1. P,
{vaTati} (pf. {vavATa} &c.), to surround, encompass Dhtup. ix, 13; cl. 10. P. {vaTayati},
to tie, string, connect, xxxv, 5; to divide, partition, xxxv, 65; to speak, xix, 1 7: Pass.
{vaTyate} (only {vaTyante} Vishn. xliii, 34), to be crushed or pounded or ground down.
va4th* = 2 ind. an interjection or exclamation used in sacrificial ceremonies TS.
vat* = 1 an affix (technically termed {vati}; see Pn. 5-1, 115 &c.) added to words to imply
likeness or resemblance, and generally translatable by `" as "', `" like "' (e.g.
{brAhmaNa-vat}, like a Brhman; {pitR-vat} = {pite7va}, {pitaram iva}, {pitur iva} and
{pitarI7va}).

vat* = 2 see {api-vat}.

vata * = mfn. uttered, sounded, spoken W.; asked, begged ib.; killed, hurt MW.; (ind.)
see {bata}.
vatha*= m. (perhaps Prkriit for {vRta}, `" surrounded, covered "'; cf. {nyag-rodha}) the
Banyan or Indian fig. tree (Ficus Indica) MBh. Kv. &c. RTL. 337 (also said to be n.); a
sort of bird BhP.; a small shell, the Cypraea Moneta or cowry L.; a pawn (in chess) L.;
sulphur L.; = {sAmya} L.; N. of a Trtha Vishn.; of one of Skanda's attendants MBh.; the
son of a Vais'ya and a Venuk L. (also n. and {I} f.); a string, rope, tie L. (only {vaTa} ibc.,
and {paJca-v-}, q.v.); a small lump, globule &c. = {vaTaka} S'rngS.; ({I}) f. a kind of
tree, Rajan.; (with {gA-DhA}) a partic. position in the game of Catur-anga or chess L.; a
little round ball L.
vathavrikshaH = (m) a banyan tree
vathu (baTu) *= m. (also written %{vaTu}) a boy , lad , stripling , youth (esp. a young
Bra1hman , but also contemptuously applied to adult persons) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; N. of a
class of priests Cat. ; a form of S3iva (so called from being represented by boys in the
rites of the S3a1ktas) ib. ; Calosanthes Indica L.
vatsa* = yearling, a calf, the young of any animal, offspring, child, often used as a term of
endearment = my dear child, my darling; a son, boy
vatsya = reside
vava * = see %{bava}, and vaava

vavarsha *V= showered, poured, rained

vavra * = mfn. (fr. 1. %{vR}) hiding or concealing one's self. RV. ; m. `" hiding-place "',
a cavern, hole, cave ib.
vavraya * = Nom. A1. %{-yate}, to retire or shrink from, keep aloof RV. viii, 40, 2.
vavre *V = asked, proposed, acepted, said, requested, chose
vaya = age
vayaM = (pron) we
vayanam.h = weaving
vayas* =1 n. a web (?) RV. ii, 31, 5. \\ 2 n. (cf. 2. %{vi4}) a bird, any winged animal, the
winged tribe (esp. applied to smaller birds) RV. &c. &c.\\ 3 n. ( %{vI}) enjoyment, food,
meal, oblation RV. AV. (cf. %{vIti}) [920,3]; energy (both bodily and mental), strength,
health, vigour, power, might RV. AV. VS. (often with %{bRha4t}; with %{dhA} and dat.
or loc. of pers. `" to bestow vigour or might on "'); vigorous age, youth, prime of life, any
period of life, age RV. &c. &c. (%{sarvANi@vayAMsi}, animals of any age; %
{vayasA7nvita} or %{vayasA7tI7ta}, aged. old); degree, kind (in %{vayAMsi@prabrUhi}) S3Br.
vayasi = of age
vayasigate = vayasi+gate, when age has advanced/gone

vayasya *= mfn. being of an age or of the same age, contemporary MBh. Kv. &c.; m. a
contemporary, associate, companion, friend (often used in familiar address) ib.; ({A4})
f. a female friend, a womas confidante Mriicch. Kaths.; (scil. {iSTakA}) N. of 19 bricks
used for building the sacrificial altar (so called from the word {vayas} in the formula of
consecration) TS. Kthh. Br.
vayuna *= mfn. (rather fr. %{vI} than fr. %{ve}) moving, active, alive S3Br.; waving,
agitated, restless (applied to the sea) TS. MaitrS.; clear (as an eye) BhP. (cf. %{avayuna}); a path, way (= %{mArga} also fig. either - `" means expedient "', or `" rule,
order, custom "') RV. AV. VS. (instr., according to rule "' RV. i, 162, 18); distinctness,
clearness, brightness RV. ii, 19, 3; iii, 29, 3 &c. (loc. pl. `" clearly, distinctly "', ii, 34, 4);
a mark, aim(?) RV. i, 182, 1; ii, 19, 8 &c.; knowledge, wisdom BhP.; a temple Un2. iii, 61
Sch.; (%{A}) f. a mark, aim, goal(?) RV. iv, 5, 13; x, 49, 5; knowledge, wisdom BhP.; N.
of a daughter of Svadha1 BhP.; m. N. of a son of Kr2is3a7s3va and Dhishan2a1 BhP.
(vAyuna *= m. a god, deity L.)
vayunasas *= ind. according to rule or order , in due order ib.
vayunavat *= (%{vayu4na}.) mfn. clear , distinct , bright RV.
vayunAvid *= (Padap. %{vayuna-vi4d}) mfn. learned in rules , well versed in ordinances
RV.
vayunaadha *= or (for %{vayuna-dhA8} mfn. establishing rule or order MaitrS.
vayunaadhaa *= (for %{vayuna-dhA8} mfn. establishing rule or order MaitrS.

veda = Ancient Indian Religious Texts

veDa * = n. a kind of coarse sandal (= {sAndra-vicchinna-candana}) L.; ({A}) f. (also
written {beDA}) a boat L. (cf. {veTI}).
veda * =1 m. (fr. 1. {vid} q.v.) knowledge, true or sacred knowledge or lore, knowledge of
ritual RV. AitBr.; N. of certain celebrated works which constitute the basis of the first
period of the Hind religion (these works were primarily three, viz. 1. the Riig-veda, 2.
the Yajur-veda [of which there are, however, two divisions see {taittirIya-saMhitA},
{vAjasaneyi-saMhitA}], 3. the Sma-veda [1015,2]; these three works are sometimes
called collectively {trayI}, `" the triple Vidy "' or `" threefold knowledge "', but the Riigveda is really the only original work of the three, and much the most ancient [the oldest
of its hymns being assigned by some who rely on certain astronomical calculations to a
period between 4000 and 2500 B.C., before the settlement of the ryans in India; and by
others who adopt a different reckoning to a period between 1400 and 1000 B.C., when
the ryans had settled down in the Panjb]; subsequently a fourth Veda was added,
called the Atharva-veda, which was probably not completely accepted till after Manu, as
his law-book often speaks of the three Vedas-calling them {trayam brahma sanAtanam},
`" the triple eternal Veda "', but only once [xi, 33] mentions the revelation made to
Atharvan and Angiras, without, however, calling it by the later name of Atharva-veda;
each of the four Vedas has two distinct parts, viz. 1. Mantra, i.e. words of prayer and
adoration often addressed either to fire or to some form of the sun or to some form of the
air, sky, wind &c., and praying for health, wealth, long life, cattle, offspring, victory, and
even forgiveness of sins, and 2. Brhmana, consisting of Vidhi and Artha-vda, i. e.
directions for the detail of the ceremonies at which the Mantras were to be used and
explanations of the legends &c. connected with the Mantras [see {brAhmaNa}, {vidhi}],
both these portions being termed {zruti}, revelation orally communicated by the Deity,

and heard but not composed or written down by men [cf. I. W. 24 &c.], although it is
certain that both Mantras and Brhmanas were compositions spread over a considerable
period, much of the latter being comparatively modern; as the Vedas are properly three,
so the Mantras are properly of three forms, 1. Riic, which are verses of praise in metre,
and intended for loud recitation; 2. Yajus, which are in prose, and intended for recitation
in a lower tone at sacrifices; 3. Sman, which are in metre, and intended for chanting at
the Soma or Moon-plant ceremonies, the Mantras of the fourth or Atharva-veda having
no special name; but it must be borne in mind that the Yajur and Sma-veda hymns,
especially the latter, besides their own Mantras, borrow largely from the Riig-veda; the
Yajur-veda and Sma-veda being in fact not so much collections of prayers and hymns as
special prayer- and hymn-books intended as manuals for the Adhvaryu and Udgtrii
priests respectively [see {yajur-veda}, {sAma-veda}]; the Atharva-veda, on the other
hand, is, like the Riig-veda, a real collection of original hymns mixed up with
incantations, borrowing little from the Riig and having no direct relation to sacrifices,
but supposed by mere recitation to produce long life, to cure diseases, to effect the ruin of
enemies &c.; each of the four Vedas seems to have passed through numerous S'khs or
schools, giving rise to various recensions of the text, though the Riig-veda is only
preserved in the S'kala recension, while a second recension, that of the Bhshkalas, is
only known by name; a tradition makes Vysa the compiler and arranger of the Vedas in
their present form: they each have an Index or Anukraman [q.v.], the principal work of
this kind being the general Index or Sarva7nukraman [q.v.]; out of the Brhmana
portion of the Veda grew two other departments of Vedic literature, sometimes included
under the general name Veda, viz. the strings of aphoristic rules, called Stras [q.v.], and
the mystical treatises on the nature of God and the relation of soul and matter, called
Upanishad [q.v.], which were appended to the ranyakas [q.v.], and became the real
Veda of thinking Hinds, leading to the nas or systems of philosophy; in the later
literature the name of `" fifth Veda "' is accorded to the Itihsas or legendary epic poems

and to the Purnas, and certain secondary Vedas or Upa-vedas [q.v.] are enumerated;
the Veda7ngas or works serving as limbs [for preserving the integrity] of the Veda are
explained under {vedA7Gga} below: the only other works included under the head of
Veda being the Paris'ishthas, which supply rules for the ritual omitted in the Stras; in
the Briihad-ranyaka Upanishad the Vedas are represented as the breathings of Brahm,
while in some of the Purnas the four Vedas are said to have issued out of the four
mouths of the four-faced Brahm and in the Vishnu-Purna the Veda and Vishnu are
identified) RTL. 7 &c. IW. 5; 24 &c.; N. of the number `" four "' VarBriS. [1015,3]
Srutabh.; feeling, perception S'Br.; = {vRtta} (v.l. {vitta}) L. (cf. 2. {veda}).
veda * =2 m. (fr. 3. {vid}) finding, obtaining, acquisition (see {su-v-}); property, goods
s'vGri.
veda * =3 m. (perhaps connected with 1. {ve}, to weave or bind together) a tuft or bunch
of strong grass (Kus'a or Muja) made into a broom (and used for sweeping, making up
the sacrificial fire &c., in rites) AV. MS. Br. S'rS. Mn.
veda * =vedaH = (masc.nom.sing.)the Veda
vedaanga* = n. `" a limb (for preserving the body) of the Veda "'N. of certain works or
classes of works regarded as auxiliary to and even in some sense as part of the Veda, (six
are usually enumerated [and mostly written in the Stra or aphoristic style]; 1. {zikSA},
`" the science of proper articulation and pronunciation "', comprising the knowledge of
letters, accents, quantity, the use of the organs of pronunciation, and phonetics generally,
but especially the laws of euphony peculiar to the Veda [many short treatises and a
chapter of the Taittirya-ranyaka are regarded as the representatives of this subject; but
other works on Vedic phonetics may be included under it see {prAtizAkhya}]: 2.

{chandas}, `" metre "' [represented by a treatise ascribed to Pingala-nga, which,

however, treats of Prkriit as well as Sanskriit metres, and includes only a few of the
leading Vedic metres]: 3. {vyAkaraNa}, `" linguistic analysis or grammar [represented
by Pnini's celebrated Stras]: 4. {nirukta}, `" explanation of difficult Vedic words "' [cf.
{yAska}]: 5. {jyotiSa}, `" astronomy "', or rather the Vedic calendar [represented by a
small tract, the object of which is to fix the most auspicious days for sacrifices]: 6.
{kalpa}, `" ceremonial "', represented by a large number of Stra works [cf. {sUtra}]: the
first and second of these Veda7ngas are said to be intended to secure the correct reading
or recitation of the Veda, the third and fourth the understanding of it, and the fifth and
sixth its proper employment at sacrifices: the Veda7ngas are alluded to by Manu, who
calls them, in iii, 184, Pravacanas, `" expositions "', a term which is said to be also
applied to the Brhmanas) IW. 145 &c.
vedakrama = vedaas
vedanaa = feelings of pain,
vedana* = pain, torture, agony, feeling sensation, but also: announcing, proclaiming; n.
perception, knowledge; making known, proclaiming
vedana * =1 mfn. (for 2. see p. 1017, col. 2) announcing, proclaiming (see %{bhaga-v-});
n. perception, knowledge Nir. MBh. Ka1v. &c. (rarely %{A} f.); making known,
proclaiming Ra1jat.; (%{A}) f. pain, torture, agony (also personified as a daughter of
Anr2ita) MBh. R. &c. (exceptionally n.); feeling, sensation Ya1jn5. S3is3. (with Buddhists
one of the 5 Skandhas MWB. 109); (%{I}) f. the true skin or cutis L.\\ 2 mfn. finding,
procuring (see %{naSTa} and %{pati-v-}); n. the act of finding, falling in with (gen.)
MBh.; the act of marrying (said of both sexes, esp. the marriage of a S3u1dra woman

with a man of a higher caste; cf. Mn. iii, 44, and %{utkRSTa-v-}) Mn. Ya1jn5.; the
ceremony of holding the ends of a mantle (observed by a S3u1dra female on her
marriage with a man of a higher caste) W.; property, goods RV. AV. [1017,3]
ve4dana: finding, procuring
vedayaGYa = by sacrifice
vedavaadarataaH = supposed followers of the Vedas
vedavit.h = the knower of the Vedas
vedavidaH = persons conversant with the Vedas
vedaaH = Vedic literatures
vedaanaaM = of all the Vedas
vedaanta = Vedic method of Self-Realization* = m. end of the Veda (= `" complete
knowledge of the Veda "' cf. {vedA7nta-ga}) Tr. MBh.; N. of the second and most
important part of the Mmns or third of the three great divisions of Hind philosophy
(called Veda7nta either as teaching the ultimate scope of the Veda or simply as explained
in the Upanishads which come at the end of the Veda; this system, although belonging to
the Mmns [q.v.] and sometimes called Uttara-mmns, `" examination of the later
portion or {jJAna-kANDa} [q.v.] of the Veda "', is really the one sole orthodox exponent
of the pantheistic creed of the Hinds of the present day - a creed which underlies all the
polytheism and multiform mythology of the people; its chief doctrine [as expounded by
S'ankara] is that of Advaita i.e. that nothing really exists but the One Self or Soul of the

Universe called Brahman [neut.] or Parama7tman, and that the Jva7tman or individual
human soul and indeed all the phenomena of nature are really identical with the
Parama7tman, and that their existence is only the result of Ajna [otherwise called
Avidy] or an assumed ignorance on the part of that one universal Soul which is
described as both Creator and Creation; Actor and Act; Existence, Knowledge and Joy,
and as devoid of the three qualities [see {guNa}]; the liberation of the human soul, its
deliverance from transmigrations, and re-union with the Parama7tman, with which it is
really identified, is only to be effected by a removal of that ignorance through a proper
understanding of the Veda7nta; this system is also called Brahma-mmns and
S'rrakammns, `" inquiring into Spirit or embodied Spirit "'; the founder of the
school is said to have been Vysa, also called Bdaryana, and its most eminent teacher
was S'ankara7crya) Up. MBh. &c.; ({As}) m. pl. the Upanishads or works on the
Veda7nta philosophy Kull. on Mn. vi, 83
vedaantakrit.h = the compiler of the Vedanta
vedaantavedyo = one knowable thro' `upanishat.h'
vede = in the Vedic literature
vedeshhu = Vedic literatures
veditavyaM = to be understood
vedituM = to understand
vedaiH = by study of the Vedas

[sarva]vedasa *= mfn. accompanied by a gift of all one's goods (as a sacrifice; also m.
[scil. %{kratu}], a sacrifice of the above kind "') MaitrS. Br. S3rS.; giving all one's
property to priests after a sacsacrifice Mn. xi, (v.l.); (%{am}) n. all one's propproperty
TS. Br. Kait2hUp. S3rS.; %{-dakSiNa} mf(%{A})n. attended with a gift of all one's
propproperty as a fee (at a sacrifice) S3rS. Mn.\\[saarva]vedasa mfn. (and v.l. for %
{sarva-s-}) one who gives away all his wealth at a sacred rite Mn. xi, 1; (%{am}) n. a
person's entire property; %{-dakSiNa} mfn. (a sacrifice) at which one's whole property is
given away as a fee to Bra1hmans Ya1jn5.
vedas *= 1 n. (for 2. see p. 1017, col. 3) knowledge, science RV. (cf. %{keta-}, %{jAta-},
%{vizva-v-}).\\ 2 n. property, wealth RV. AV.
vedyaM = what is to be known
vedyaH = knowable
vedhashaalaa = (f) observatory (weather, solar)
vedhas.h = brahmaa
vedhase = to the Brahman (like rAma)
vegaM = urges
vega * = m. (fr. {vij}) violent agitation, shock, jerk AV. R.; a stream, flood, current (of
water, tears &c.) AV. S'vetUp. MBh. &c.; rush, dash, impetus, momentum, onset MBh.
BhP.; impetuosity, vehemence, haste, speed, rapidity, quickness, velocity ({vegAd

vegaM-gam}, to go from speed to speed, increase one's speed) MBh. Kv. &c.; the flight
(of an arrow) Kir.; outbreak, outburst (of passion), excitement, agitation, emotion ib.;
attack, paroxysm (of a disease) Sus'r.; circulation, working, effect (of poison; in Sus'r.
seven stages or symptoms are mentioned) Yj. Kv. &c.; expulsion of the feces Sus'r.;
semen virile L.; impetus Kan. Sarvad.; the fruit of Trichosanthes Palmata L.; N. of a
class of evil demons Hariv.
vegaaH = speed
vegavat* = mfn. agitated (as the ocean) R.; impetuous, rapid, hasty, swift, violent MBh.
Kv. &c.; m. a leopard L.; N. of an Asura MBh.; of a Vidydhara Kaths.; of a son of
Kriishna BhP.; of a king (son of Bandhu-mat) ib.; of a monkey R.; ({vatI}) f. N. of a river
R.; a partic. drug Sus'r.; a kind of metre Ping.; N. of a Vidydhar Kaths.; (pl.) N. of a
class of Apsarases or celestial nymphs VP.; {-tama} mfn. speediest, quickest, very quick
or swift MW.; {-tara} mfn. more speedy, quicker, very quick ib.; {-tA} f. swiftness,
velocity ib.; {-stotra} n. N. of a Stotra.
vegarodha* = m. obstruction of speed or activity, retardation, check W.; obstruction of
the movement or evacuation of the bowels ib.
vegatara* = m. greater swiftness ({vegAd vegataraM-gam}, to run faster and faster; cf.
{vega}) Pacat. (B.)
vegatas* = ind. with a sudden impetus R.; with speed, quickly, hastily, impetuously
Kaths.
velaa*= f. limit, boundary, end S'Br. Kvya7d.; distance S'Br. KtyS'r.; boundary of sea

and land (personified as the daughter of Meru and Dhrin, and the wife of Samudra),
coast, shore ({velAyAm}, on the sea-shore, coast-wise) MBh. Kv. &c. [1018, 3]; limit of
time, period, season, time of day, hour (with {pazcimA}, the evening hour; {kA velA}, `"
what time of the day is it? "' {kA velA prA7ptAyAH}, `" how long has she been here? "' {velam} ifc. after a numeral = times) S'Br. &c. &c.; opportunity, occasion, interval, leisure
({velAm pra-kR}, to watch for an opportunity; {velAyAm}, at the right moment or
season; {artha-velAyAm}, at the moment when the meaning is under consideration)
MBh. Kv. &c.; meal-time, meal (as of a god = {Izvarasya bhojanam}, S'iva's meal) L.;
the last hour, hour of death BhP.; easy or painless death L.; tide, flow (opp. to `" ebb "'),
stream, current MaitrUp. MBh. &c.; `" sickness "' or `" passion "' ({rAga} or {roga}) L.;
the gums L.; speech L.; N. of the wife of Buddha L.; of a princess found on the seashore
(after whom the 11th Lambaka of the Kathsarit-sgara is called).
vela * = n. a garden, grove L. (cf. {vipina} fr. 1. {vip}); a partic. high number Buddh.; m.
the mango tree L.
veNii = (f) pigtail, ponytail
veNu *= or %{ve4Nu} m. (prob. connected with 1. %{ve}) a bamboo, reed, cane RV. &c.
&c. ; a flute, fife, pipe MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; N. of a deity of the Bodhi tree Lalit. ; of a king of
the Ya1davas MBh. ; of a son of S3ata-jit VP. ; of a mountain Ma1rkP. ; of a river L. ; (pl.)
the descendants of Ven2u A1s3vS3r. (%{veNor@vizAle}N. of two Sa1mans A1rshBr.)
veNuH = flute
vepa *= mf(%{I})n. vibrating (voice) RV. vi , 22 , 5 ; m. = next Kaus3. BhP.

vepana *= mfn. trembling , quivering , fluttering TS. S3Br. VarBr2S. Sus3r. ; n.

quivering , trembling , tremor Gobh. R. &c. ; shaking , brandishing R.
vepanakara *= mfn. manifesting tremor , trembling , quivering R.
vepas *= n. quivering , quaking , struggling RV. ; stirring , agitation ib. ; = %{anavadya}
L.
vepathu *= m. quivering , trembling , tremor AV. &c. &c. ; mfn. trembling , quaking
VarBr2S
vepathumathii = she who is sweating
vepamaanaH = trembling
vepita *= n. trembling, agitation (in {sa-vepitam}), S'ntis'.
vesha = dress
veshhaH = make-ups/garbs/roles
veshhTiH = (m) dhoti
vetanam.h = (n) salary
vetaala * = m. (of doubtful derivation) a kind of demon, ghost, spirit, goblin, vampire
(esp. one occupying a dead body) Hariv. Kv. Kaths. &c.; N. of one of S'iva's attendants,
KlikP.; of a teacher BhP.; of a poet Cat.; a door-keeper (?) L.; ({A}) f. a form of Durg

Vs.; ({I}) f. N. of Durg Hariv.

vetravat* = mfn. containing or consisting of reeds BhP.; m. N. of a mythical being (a son
of Pu1shan) Katha1s.; (%{atI}) f. a female door-keeper S3ak. Prab.; a form of Durga1
Hariv. (v.l. %{citra-rathI}); N. of a river (now called the Betwa1, which, rising among the
Vindhya hills in the Bhopa1l State and following a north-easterly direction for about 360
miles, falls into the Jumna1 below Hami1rpur) MBh. R. &c.; of the mother of Vetra7sura
VarP.
vetrika* = m. pl. N. of a people MBh. (v.l. %{veNika}).
vetrin* = mfn. (ifc.) having a cane, having anything for a cane MaitrUp.; m. a staffbearer, door-keeper Ra1jat.
vetrIya* = mfn. (fr. %{vetra}) g. %{utkarA7di}.
vetta = the knower
vetti = knows
vettha = knowvelaa = (fem) time
vettR * = 1 mfn. (fr. 1. %{vid}) ono who knows or feels or witnesses or experiences, a
knower, experiencer, witness S3vetUp. MBh. &c.; m. a sage, one who knows the nature of
the soul and God W.\\ = 2 m. (fr. 3. %{vid}) one who obtains in marriage, an espouser,
husband A1past.
vi * = 1 m. (nom. {vi4s} or {ve4s} acc. {vi4m} gen. abl. {ve4s}; pl. nom. acc. {va4yas}

[acc. {vIn} Bhathth.]; {vi4bhis}, {vi4bhyas}, {vInA4m}) a bird (also applied to horses,
arrows, and the Maruts) RV. VS. PacavBr, (also occurring in later language). [Cf. 1.
{va4yas}; Gk. $ for $; Lat. {a-vis}; accord. to &287958[949, 3] some Germ. {Ei}; Angl.
Sax. {ae4g}; Eng. {egg.}] - 1.
vi * = 2 n. an artificial word said to be = {anna} S'Br. \\* = 3 ind. (prob. for an original
{dvi}, meaning `" in two parts "'; and opp. to {sam} q.v.) apart, asunder, in different
directions, to and fro, about, away, away from, off, without RV. &c. &c. In RV. it appears
also as a prep. with acc. denoting `" through "' or `" between "' (with ellipse of the verb
e.g. i, 181, 5; x, 86, 20 &c.) It is esp. used as a prefix to verbs or nouns and other parts of
speech derived from verbs, to express `" division "', `" distinction "', `" distribution "', `"
arrangement "', `" order "', `" opposition "', or `" deliberation "' (cf. {vi-bhid}, {-ziS}, {dhA}, {-rudh}, {-car}, with their nominal derivatives); sometimes it gives a meaning
opposite to the idea contained in the simple root (e.g. {krI}, `" to buy "'; {vi-krI}, `" to
sell "'), or it intensifies that idea (e.g. {hiMs}, `" to injure "'; {vi-hiMs}, `" to injure
severely "'). The above 3. {vi4} may also be used in forming compounds not immediately
referable to verbs, in which cases it may express `" difference "' (cf. 1. {vi-lakSaNa}), `"
change "' or `" variety "' (cf. {vi-citra}), `" intensity "' (cf. {vi-karAla}), `" manifoldness "'
(cf. {vi-vidha}), `" contrariety "' (cf. {vi-loma}), `" deviation from right "' (cf. {vi-zIla}),
`" negation "' or `" privatlon "' (cf. {vi-kaccha}, being often used like 3. {a}, {nir}, and
{nis} [qq. vv.], and like the Lat. {dis}, {se}, and the English {a}, {dis}, {in}, {un} &c.); in
some cases it does not seem to modify the meaning of the simple word at all (cf. {vijAmi}, {vi-jAmAtR}); it is also used to form proper names out of other proper names
(e.g. {vi-koka}, {vi-pRthu}, {vi-viMza}). To save space such words are here mostly
collected under one article; but words having several subordinate compounds will be
found s.v.

vi+apa+gam.h = to go away
vi+bhaa = to adorn
vi+GYaa = to know
vibhaaga * = m. distribution, apportionment RV. AitBr.; partition of patrimony, law of
inheritance (one of the 18 titles or branches of law) Mn. Ya1jn5. &c. (cf. IW. 261); a
share, portion, section, constituent part of anything Ya1jn5. MBh. &c.; division,
separation, distinction, difference Nir. Gr2S3rS. &c. (%{ena}, separately, singly, in
detail; cf. also %{yoga-v-}); disjunction (opp. to %{saM-yoga} and regarded in Nya1ya as
one of the 24 Gun2as) IW. 68; (in arithm.) the numerator of a fraction Col.; N. of S3iva
R.; %{-kalpanA} f. apportioning or allotment of shares or portions W.; %{-jJa} mfn.
(ifc.) knowing the difference between S3a1n3khGr2. MBh. %{-tas} ind. according to a
part or share, proportionately Sarvad. W.; %{-tattva-vicAra} m. N. of wk.; %{-tva} n.
state of separation or distinction Sarvad.; %{-dharma} m. the law of division, rule of
inheritance Mn. i, 115; %{-pattrikA} f. a deed of partition MW.; %{-bhAj} mfn. one who
shares in a portion of property already distributed (applied esp. to a son by a father and
mother of the same tribe, born subsequently to a distribution of property amongst his
parents and brethren, in which case he inherits the portion allotted or reserved to the
parents) Ya1jn5. Pan5cat.; %{-bhinna} n. = %{takra}, buttermilk mixed with water L.; %
{-rekhA} f. partition-line, boundary between (gen.) Ba1lar.; %{-vat} mfn. divided,
separated, distinguished (%{-tA} f.) Sarvad.; %{-zas} ind. according to a part or share,
separately, proportionately Mn. MBh. &c.; (ifc.) according to BhP. [977,3]; %{-sAra} m.
N. of wk.; %{-ge7cchu} mfn. wishing for a partition or distribution MW.
vibhaagayoH = differences

vibhaagashaH = in terms of division

vibhaajana *= n. division, distinction L. ; the act of causing to share or distribute,
participation MW.
vibhaajya* = mfn. to be divided or apportioned, divisible Mn. ix, 219.
vibhaata* = mfn. shone forth, grown light &c. ({-tA vibhAvarI}, the morning has dawned
Kaths.); become visible, appeared ChUp. BhP.; n. dawn, day-break, morning
Klid.vibhaashita* = mfn. admitting an alternative (esp. in gram. = optional) Nir. Kaus'.
Pn.
vibhaasita* = mfn. (fr. Caus.) made bright, illuminated MBh.
vibhaava *= 2 m. (for 1. see under %{vi-bhA}) any condition which excites or develops a
partic. state of mind or body , any cause of emotion (e.g. the persons and circumstances
represented in a drama , as opp. to the %{anu-bhAva} or external signs or effects of
emotion) Bhar. Das3ar. Sa1h. (%{-tva} n.) ; a friend , acquaintance L. ; N. of S3iva
Pan5car.
vibhaavasau = in the fire
vibhaavya *= mfn. to be clearly perceived or observed , distinguishable ,
comprehensible MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; to be attended to or heeded (n. impers. `" it should be
heeded "') MBh. Ka1vya7d.
vibhaktaM = divided1 * = vibhakta mfn. divided, distributed among (instr.). AV. &c.
&c. (%{e} ind. after a partition, Ya1jn. ii, 126); one who has received his share Mn. ix,

210; 215; one who has caused a partition to be made BhP. (Sch.); parted, separated by
(instr. or comp.) MBh. Ka1v. &c.; separated from i.e. without (instr.) Ya1jn5. iii, 103;
isolated, secluded R.; distinct, different, various, manifold MBh. Ka1v. &c.; divided into
regular parts, harmonious, symmetrical ib.; ornamented, decorated Hariv. Katha1s.;
divided (arithmetically) Su1ryas.; m. N. of Skanda MBh.; n. isolation, seclusion, solitude
Pa1n2. 2-3, 42; %{-gAtra} mfn. one whose limbs are embellished with (comp.) Hariv.; %
{-ja} m. a son born after the partition of the family property between his parents and
brothers Gaut.; %{-tva} n. manifoldness, variety Va1m. iv, 1, 7 (quot.); %{-tA7tman}
mfn. divided (in his essence) Ragh. x, 66; %{-tA7vibhakta-nirNaya} m. N. of wk.
vibhakteshhu = in the numberless divided
vibhava *= mfn. powerful , rich MBh. xiii , 802 ; m. being everywhere , omnipresence
Kan2. ; development , evolution (with Vaishn2avas `" the evolution of the Supreme Being
into secondary forms "') Sarvad. ; power , might , greatness , exalted position , rank ,
dignity , majesty , dominion R. Ka1lid. VarBr2S. &c. (ifc. with loc. , `" one whose power
consists in "' Gi1t.) ; influence upon (loc.) S3a1n3khS3r. ; (also pl.) wealth , money ,
property , fortune MBh. Ka1v. &c.: luxury , anything sumptuary or superfluous Hcar. ;
magnanimity , lofty-mindedness W. ; emancipation from existence Inscr. BhP. ; N. of the
2nd year in Jupiter's cycle of 60 years VarBr2S. ; destruction (of the world) Buddh. ; (in
music) a kind of measure ; %{-kSaya} m. loss of fortune or property Ca1n2. ; %{-tas} ind.
according to rank or fortune or dignity Ka1lid. Prab. ; %{-mati} f. N. of a princess Ra1jat.
; %{-mada} m. the pride of power MW. ; %{-vat} mfn. possessed of power "' , wealthy
Mr2icch. [978,3]
vibheda *= m. breaking asunder , splitting , piercing , division , separation MBh. R. &c.
; knitting , contraction (of the brows) Sa1h. ; interruption , disturbance Ba1lar. ; change ,

alteration Car. ; diverging (in opinion) , dissension , disagreeing with (%{samam}) MBh.
Ka1v. &c. ; distinction , variety VarBr2S. Katha1s. BhP.
vibhid * =P. . {-bhinatti}, {-bhintte} to split or break in two, break in pieces, cleave
asunder, divide, separate, open RV. &c. &c.; to pierce, sting S'Br. MrkP.; to loosen,
untie Hariv. BhP.; to break, infringe, violate R. Blar. BhP.; to scatter, disperse, dispel,
destroy MBh. Kv. &c.; to alter, change (the mind) MBh. BhP.: Pass. to be split or
broken, burst asunder &c. (also P. Cond. {vyabhetsyat} ChUp.); to be changed or altered
R. BhP.: Caus. {-bhedayati}, to cause to split &c.; to divide, alienate, estrange MBh. R.
vi4-bhida * = m. N. of a demon Suparn.; ({A}) f. `" perforation "' and `" falling away "',
`" apostasy "' S'is'. xx, 23.
vibhI4daka * = vm. n. id. RV. GriS'rS. (cf. {vi-bhedaka} under {vi-bhid}).
vibhrama * = m. (ifc. f. %{A}) moving to and fro, rolling or whirling about, restlessness,
unsteadiness Ka1v. VarBr2S. Ra1jat.; violence, excess, intensity, high degree (also pl.)
Ka1v. Katha1s. &c.; hurry, rapture, agitation, disturbance, perturbation, confusion,
flurry MBh. Ka1v. &c.; doubt, error, mistake, blunder (with %{daNDasya}, `" erroneous
application of punishment "') Mn. MBh. &c.; illusion, illusive appearance or mere
semblance of anything Ka1v. Katha1s. &c. (cf. %{-bhASita}); beauty, grace Ka1lid.
Ma1lati1m.; feminine coquetry, amorous gestures or action of any kind (esp. play of the
eyes), perturbation, flurry (as when a woman in her confusion puts her ornaments in the
wrong places) Bhar. Das3ar. Sa1h.; caprice, whim MW.; (%{A}) f. old age L.; %{-tantra}
n. (= %{-sUtra}); %{-bhASita} n. pl. language in appearance Subh.; %{-vatI} f. a girl
Harav.; N. of a female servant Prab.; %{-sUtra} n. N. of a treatise on grammar
(attributed to Hema-candra); %{-mA7rka} m. N. of a man Ra1jat.

vibububhuushu* =mfn. wishing to develop or expand one's self. ib.

vi4-buddha* mfn. (for 2. see {vi-budh}) without consciousness W.
vi-buddha* = 2 mfn. (for 1. see p. 951, col. 3) awakened, wide awake MBh. Kv. &c.;
expanded, blown ib.; clever, experienced, skilful in (loc.) MBh. xiv, 1015; {-kamala} mfn.
having expanded lotuses MBh.; {-cUta} m. a mango-tree in blossom Mlav.
vibhu *= ; %{-dA4van} mfn. bestowing richly, liberal TS. ; %{-ma4t} mfn. joined with
the Vibhus or Ribhus MaitrS. ; %{-vasu} (%{vibhU4}.) mfn. possessing mighty treasures
or wealth RV.
vibhuM = greatest
vibhuH = the Supreme Lord
vibhum.h = the Lord who shines
vibhuu *= P. %{-bhavati}, to arise, be developed or manifested, expand, appear RV. TS.
Mun2d2Up. ; to suffice, be adequate or equal to or a match for (dat. or acc.) S3Br. ; to
pervade, fill Pan5cavBr. ; to be able to or capable of (inf.), Bhp. ; to exist (in %{avibhavat}, `" not existing "') Ka1tyS3r.: Caus. %{-bhAvayati}, to cause to arise or appear,
develop, manifest, reveal, show forth, display S3a1n3khBr. MBh. &c. ; to pretend, feign
Kull. on Mn. viii, 362 ; to divide, separate BhP. ; to perceive distinctly, find out, discover,
ascertain, know, acknowledge, recognise as (acc.) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; to regard or consider
as, take for (two acc.) Kuval. ; to suppose, fancy, imagine BhP. Pan5car. ; to think, reflect
Katha1s. Pan5cat. ; to suppose anything of or about (loc.) BhP. ; to make clear, establish,
prove, decide Mn. Ya1jn5. ; to convict, convince Ya1jn5. Das3.: Pass. of Caus. %{-

bhAvyate}, to be considered or regarded as, appear, seem (nom.) MBh. Ka1v. &c.: Desid.
see %{-bubhUSA}: Intens. see %{-bobhuvat}\\2 mf(%{U4} or %{vI4})n. being
everywhere, far-extending, all-pervading, omnipresent, eternal RV. VS. Up. MBh. &c. ;
abundant, plentiful RV. VS. Br. ; mighty, powerful, excellent, great, strong, effective,
able to or capable of (inf.) RV. &c. &c. ; firm, solid, hard L. ; m. a lord, ruler, sovereign,
king (also applied to Brahma1, Vishn2u, and S3iva) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; (ifc.) chief of or
among VarBr2S. ; a servant L. ; the sun L. ; the moon L. ; N. of Kubera L. (W. also `"
ether ; space ; time ; the soul "') ; N. of a god (son of Veda-s3iras and Tushita1) BhP. ; of
a class of gods under Manu Sa1varn2i Ma1rkP. ; of Indra under Manu Raivata and under
the 7th Manu ib. BhP. ; of a son of Vishn2u and Dakshin2a1 BhP. ; of a son of Bhaga and
Siddhi ib. ; of Buddha L. ; of a brother of S3akuni MBh. ; of a son of S3ambara Hariv. ;
of a son of Satya-ketu and father of Su-vibhu VP. ; of a son of Dharma-ketu and father of
Su-kuma1ra ib. ; of a son of Varsha-ketu or Satya-ketu and father of A1narta Hariv. ; of a
son of Prasta1va and Niyutsa1 BhP. ; of a son of Bhr2igu MW. ; pl. N. of the R2ibhus RV.
; %{-kra4tu} mfn. strong. heroic RV. ; %{-tA} f. power, supremacy W. ; %{-tva} n. being
everywhere, omnipresence S3vetUp. Sarvad. ; omnipotence, sovereignty Pras3nUp.
S3ak. Ba1lar. ; %{-tva-samarthana} n. N. of wk. ; %{-pramita} n. the hall of Brahma1
KaushUp. ; %{-ma4t} mfn. extending everywhere RV. ; joined with the Vibhus or
R2ibhus VS. AitBr. S3rS. ; %{-varman} m. N. of a man Inscr.
vibhuutayaH = opulences
vibhuuta * = mfn. arisen, produced &c. ; great, mighty (see comp.) ; m. = next Buddh. ;
%{-M-gamA} f. a partic. high number Buddh. ; %{-dyumna} (%{vi4-}) mfn. abounding
in splendour or glory RV. ; %{-manas} mfn. (used to explain %{vi-manas}) Nir. x, 26 ; %
{-rAti} (%{vi-}) mfn. bestowing rich gifts.

vibhuuti = divine power * = mfn. penetrating, pervading Nir.; abundant, plentiful RV.;
mighty, powerful ib.; presiding over (gen.) ib. viii, 50, 6; m. N. of a Sdhya Hariv.; of a
son of Vis'vmitra MBh.; of a king VP.; f. development, multiplication, expansion, plenty,
abundance Kv. Kaths. &c.; manifestation of might, great power, superhuman power
(consisting of eight faculties, especially attributed to S'iva, but supposed also to be
attainable by human beings through worship of that deity, viz. {aNiman}, the power of
becoming as minute as an atom; {laghiman}, extreme lightness; {prA7pti}, attaining or
reaching anything [e.g. the moon with the tip of the finger] [979, 1]; {prAkAmya},
irresistible will; {mahiman}, illimitable bulk; {IzitA}, supreme dominion; {vazitA},
subjugating by magic; and {kAmA7vasAyitA}, the suppressing all desires) ib.; a partic.
S'akti Hcat.; the might of a king or great lord, sovereign power, greatness Klid. Pacat.
Kaths. &c.; successful issue (of a sacrifice) MBh. R.; splendour, glory, magnificence
Hariv. Ragh. VarBriS.; fortune, welfare, prosperity Pras'nUp. MBh. &c.; (also pl.) riches,
wealth, opulence Km. Kv. Kaths.; N. of Lakshmi (the Goddess of Fortune and
welfare) BhP.; the ashes of cow-dung &c. (with which S'iva is said to smear his body, and
hence used in imitation of him by devotees) Pacar. Sh.; (in music) a partic. S'ruti
Sangt.; {-grahaNa} n. taking up ashes (at the Vais'vadeva ceremony) RTL. 420; {candra} m. N. of an author, Cat; {-dvAdazI} f. a Vrata or religious observance on a
partic. twelfth day (in honour of Vishnu) ib.; {-dhAraNa-vidhi} m. N. of wk.; {-bala} m.
N. of a poet Cat.; {-mat} mfn. mighty, powerful, superhuman Bhag. BhP.; smeared with
ashes W.; {-mAdhava} m. N. of a poet Cat.; {-mAhAtmya} n. N. of a ch. of the PadmaP.;
{-yoga} m. N. of the 6th canto of the S'iva-gt.
vibhuutiM = opulence
vibhuutinaaM = opulences

vibhuutibhiH = opulences
vibhuuteH = of opulences
vibhuush.h = to decorate
vibhuushhaNa = ornament, asset
vibhram * = P. %{-bhramati}, %{-bhrAmyati}, to wander or roam or fly about, roll,
hover, whirl MBh. Ka1v. &c.; to reel, quiver, shake BhP.; to roam over, wander through
(acc.). MBh.; to fall into disorder or confusion, be disarranged or bewildered MBh.
Hariv. &c.; to drive asunder, disperse, scare away MBh.; to move about (the tail) R.:
Caus. %{-bhramayati}, or %{-bhrAmayati} (Pass. %{-bhrAmyate}), to confise, perplex
Ma1rkP. Hcat.
vibhrama m. (ifc. f. %{A}) moving to and fro, rolling or whirling about, restlessness,
unsteadiness Ka1v. VarBr2S. Ra1jat.; violence, excess, intensity, high degree (also pl.)
Ka1v. Katha1s. &c.; hurry, rapture, agitation, disturbance, perturbation, confusion,
flurry MBh. Ka1v. &c.; doubt, error, mistake, blunder (with %{daNDasya}, `" erroneous
application of punishment "') Mn. MBh. &c.; illusion, illusive appearance or mere
semblance of anything Ka1v. Katha1s. &c. (cf. %{-bhASita}); beauty, grace Ka1lid.
Ma1lati1m.; feminine coquetry, amorous gestures or action of any kind (esp. play of the
eyes), perturbation, flurry (as when a woman in her confusion puts her ornaments in the
wrong places) Bhar. Das3ar. Sa1h.; caprice, whim MW.; (%{A}) f. old age L.; %{-tantra}
n. (= %{-sUtra}); %{-bhASita} n. pl. language in appearance Subh.; %{-vatI} f. a girl
Harav.; N. of a female servant Prab.; %{-sUtra} n. N. of a treatise on grammar
(attributed to Hema-candra); %{-mA7rka} m. N. of a man Ra1jat.

vibhramaH = bewilderment
vibhramin * = mfn. moving hither and thither Chandom.
vibhraMs' * = (sometimes written %{bhraMs}) A1. %{-bhraMzate}, to fall off (fig.), be
unfortunate, fail or be unsuccessful in (loc.) Pan5cavBr.; to be separated from, desert
(abl.) Ka1tyS3r.: Caus. %{-bhraMzayati}, to cause to fall MBh.; to strike or break off R.;
to cause to disappear or vanish, destroy annihilate BhP.; to divert from, deprive of (abl)
MBh. BhP.
vibhraMs'a * = m. diarrhoea, laxity of the bowels (see %{manda-v-}); decline,
cessation, end MBh. Katha1s. Pur.; disturbance, perturbation (see %{citta-v-}); fall,
decay, ruin MBh. VarBr2S. BhP.; (ifc.) being deprived of, loss Pur. Ra1jat.; a precipice
MW.; %{-yAjJa} m. a partic. Eka7tha Vait.
vibhraMzin * = mfn. crumbling to pieces (see %{a-v-}); falling down, dropping from
(ifc.) Megh. [979,2]
vibhraMs'ita * = mfn. (fr. Caus.) caused to fall &c.; %{-jJAna} mfn. deprived of reason
or consciousness BhP.; %{-puSpa-pattra} mfn. having the flowers and leaves knocked off
R.
vibhraMs'in * = mfn. crumbling to pieces (see {a-v-}); falling down, dropping from (ifc.)
Megh. [979,2]
vibhrashhTaH = deviated from
vibhraantaaH = perplexed

vibhram *= P. %{-bhramati} , %{-bhrAmyati} , to wander or roam or fly about , roll ,

hover , whirl MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; to reel , quiver , shake BhP. ; to roam over , wander
through (acc.). MBh. ; to fall into disorder or confusion , be disarranged or bewildered
MBh. Hariv. &c. ; to drive asunder , disperse , scare away MBh. ; to move about (the tail)
R.: Caus. %{-bhramayati} , or %{-bhrAmayati} (Pass. %{-bhrAmyate}) , to confise ,
perplex Ma1rkP. Hcat.
vibhrama *= m. (ifc. f. %{A}) moving to and fro , rolling or whirling about , restlessness
, unsteadiness Ka1v. VarBr2S. Ra1jat. ; violence , excess , intensity , high degree (also pl.)
Ka1v. Katha1s. &c. ; hurry , rapture , agitation , disturbance , perturbation , confusion ,
flurry MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; doubt , error , mistake , blunder (with %{daNDasya} , `"
erroneous application of punishment "') Mn. MBh. &c. ; illusion , illusive appearance or
mere semblance of anything Ka1v. Katha1s. &c. (cf. %{-bhASita}) ; beauty , grace Ka1lid.
Ma1lati1m. ; feminine coquetry , amorous gestures or action of any kind (esp. play of the
eyes) , perturbation , flurry (as when a woman in her confusion puts her ornaments in
the wrong places) Bhar. Das3ar. Sa1h. ; caprice , whim MW. ; (%{A}) f. old age L. ; %{tantra} n. (= %{-sUtra}) ; %{-bhASita} n. pl. language in appearance Subh. ; %{-vatI} f.
a girl Harav. ; N. of a female servant Prab. ; %{-sUtra} n. N. of a treatise on grammar
(attributed to Hema-candra) ; %{-mA7rka} m. N. of a man Ra1jat.
vibhramin *= mfn. moving hither and thither Chandom.
vibhraMs' *= (sometimes written %{bhraMs}) A1. %{-bhraMzate} , to fall off (fig.) , be
unfortunate , fail or be unsuccessful in (loc.) Pan5cavBr. ; to be separated from , desert
(abl.) Ka1tyS3r.: Caus. %{-bhraMzayati} , to cause to fall MBh. ; to strike or break off R.
; to cause to disappear or vanish , destroy annihilate BhP. ; to divert from , deprive of
(abl) MBh. BhP.

vibhraMs'a *= m. diarrhoea , laxity of the bowels (see %{manda-v-}) ; decline ,

cessation , end MBh. Katha1s. Pur. ; disturbance , perturbation (see %{citta-v-}) ; fall ,
decay , ruin MBh. VarBr2S. BhP. ; (ifc.) being deprived of , loss Pur. Ra1jat. ; a precipice
MW. ; %{-yAjJa} m. a partic. Eka7tha Vait.
vibhraMs'in *= mfn. crumbling to pieces (see %{a-v-}) ; falling down , dropping from
(ifc.) Megh. [979,2]
vibhraMs'ita *= mfn. (fr. Caus.) caused to fall &c. ; %{-jJAna} mfn. deprived of reason
or consciousness BhP. ; %{-puSpa-pattra} mfn. having the flowers and leaves knocked
off R.
vibudha* = mfn. (for 2. see {vi-budh}) destitute of learned men Kvya7d. - 1.\\* = 2 mfn.
(for 1. see p. 951, col. 3) very wise or learned Kv. Kaths. Pacat. &c.; m. a wise or
learned man, teacher, Pandit ib.; a god MBh. Kv. &c.; the moon L.; N. of a prince (son
of Deva-midha) R.; of Kriita VP.; of the author of the Janma-pradipa; {-guru} m. `"
teacher of the gods "', Briihas-pati or the planet Jupiter VarBriS.; {-taTinI} f. `" river of
the gods "', the Gang Prasang.; {-tva} n. wisdom, learning Cat.; {-nadI} f. = {-taTinI}
Viddh.; {-pati} m. `" king of the gods "'N. of Indra Car.; {-priyA} f. `" favourite of the
gods "'N. of a metre Ping.; -mati mfn. of wise understanding Km.; {-raJjanI} f. N. of
wk.; {-rAja}, m.= {-pati} R.; {-ripu} m. an enemy of the gods Prab.; {-rSabha} (for {-RS}) m. chief of the gods BhP.; {-vijaya} m. a victory won by the gods MW.; {-vidviS}
(MBh.) or {-zatru} (Vikr.) m. `" foe of the gods "', a demon; {-sakha} m. a friend of the
gods Bhathth.; {-sadman} n. `" abode of the gods "', heaven or the sky Kd.; {-strI} f. `"
divine female "', an Apsaras S'ak.; {-dhA7cArya} m. `" teacher of the gods "'N. of
Briihas-pati Das'.; {-dhA7dhipa} (MBh.), {-dhA7dhipati} (VarBriS.) m. sovereign of the
gods ({-tya} n. sovereignty of the gods BhP.); {-dhA7nucara} m. a god's attendant Mn.

xii, 47; {-dhA7vAsa} m. `" god's abode "', a temple Rjat.; {-dhe7tara} m. `" other than a
god "', an Asura BhP.; {-dhe7ndra} m. `" best of the wise "', (with {AcArya} or {Azrama})
N. of a teacher Cat.; {-dhe7zvara} m. lord of the gods MBh.; {-dho7padeza} m. N. of a
vocabulary
vicaarin * = mfn. having wide paths (as the earth) RV. v, 84, 2; moving about,
wandering, traversing MBh. R. &c.; proceeding, acting MBh.; changing, mutable
A1s3vS3r.; wanton, dissolute, lascivious Ca1n2. (v.l.); (ifc.) deliberating, judging,
discussing MBh. Mr2icch.; m. N. of a son of Kavandha GopBr.
vicaarita * = mfn. deliberated , considered , discussed , judged Mn. MBh. &c. ; anything
which is under discussion , dubious , doubtful , uncertain ib. ; anything which has been
discussed or decided , ascertained , settled Mn. xi , 28 ; n. (also pl.) deliberation , doubt ,
hesitation MBh. Mr2icch. Pan5cat.
vicakSaNa * = mfn. conspicuous, visible, bright, radiant, splendid RV. AV. Br. Gr2S3rS.;
distinct, perceptible Pa1rGr2.; clear-sighted (lit. and fig.), sagacious, clever, wise,
experienced or versed in, familiar with (loc. or comp.) RV. &c. &c.; m. N. of a preceptor
(with the patr. Ta1n2d2ya) VBr.; (%{A}) f. Tiaridium Indicum L.; N. of Brahma1's
throne KaushUp.; N. of a female servant Viddh.; (%{am}) ind. g. %{gotrA7di}; %{canasita-vat} mfn. accompanied by the word %{vicakSaNa}, or %{canasita} Ka1tyS3r.;
%{-tva} n. sagaciousness, cleverness, discernment, judgment, wisdom MBh.; %{-mmanya} mfn. considering one's self clever or wise Sarvad.; %{-vat} mfn. connected with
the word %{vicakSaNa} AitBr. (cf. %{-NA7nta} La1t2y., %{-No7ttara} Vait.)
vicarita * = mfn. moved in different directions &c.; n. wandering, roaming about MBh.

vicar.h = to think
vicara * = mfn. wandered or swerved from (abl.) MBh. v, 812. 2.
vicaara* = m. (ifc. f. %{A}) mode of acting or proceeding, procedure (also = a single or
particular case) S3rS.; change of place Gobh.; pondering, deliberation, consideration,
reflection, examination, investigation RPra1t. MBh. &c.; doubt, hesitation R. Katha1s.
BhP.; a probable conjecture Sa1h.; dispute, discussion W.; prudence MW.; %{-kartR} m.
one who makes investigation, a judge, investigator W.; %{-cintAmaNi} m. N. of wk.; %{jJa} mfn. knowing how to discriminate or judge, able to decide on the merits of a case, a
judge MW.; %{-driz} mfn. `" employing no spies for eyes "' (see %{cAra}), and `" looking
at a matter with consideration "' Naish.; %{-nirNaya} m. N. of wk.; %{-para} m. N. of a
king, S3in6ha7s.; %{-bhU} f. a tribunal L.; the judgment-seat of Yama (judge of the
dead) W.; %{-maJjarI} f. %{-mAlA} f. N. of wks.; %{-mUDha} mfn. foolish or mistaken
in judgment Ragh. Hit.; %{-vat} mfn. proceeding with consideration, considerate,
prudent S3atr. Ka1v.; %{-vid} m. (prob.) `" knowing how to discriminate "'N. of S3iva
MBh.; %{-zAstra} n. N. of wk.; %{-zIla}, disposed to deliberation or reflection,
considerate, deliberative MW.; %{-sudhA7kara} m. %{-dhA7rNava} m. N. of wks.
[958,3]; %{-sthala} n. a place for discussion or investigation, tribunal MW.; a logical
disputation W.; %{-rA7rka-saMgraha} m. N. of wk.; %{-rA7rthasamAgama} m.
assembly for the sake of trial or judgment, an assembly for investigation or discussion
MW.; %{-ro7kti} f. discriminating speech L.
vicaarya *= mfn. to be deliberated or discussed (n. impers.) , dubious , doubtful ,
questionable MBh. Katha1s. &c.
vicakshaNa = clever, wise* = mfn. conspicuous, visible, bright, radiant, splendid RV. AV.

Br. GriS'rS.; distinct, perceptible PrGri.; clear-sighted (lit. and fig.), sagacious, clever,
wise, experienced or versed in, familiar with (loc. or comp.) RV. &c. &c.; m. N. of a
preceptor (with the patr. Tndya) VBr.; ({A}) f. Tiaridium Indicum L.; N. of Brahm's
throne KaushUp.; N. of a female servant Viddh.; ({am}) ind. g. {gotrA7di}; {-canasitavat} mfn. accompanied by the word {vicakSaNa}, or {canasita} KtyS'r.; {-tva} n.
sagaciousness, cleverness, discernment, judgment, wisdom MBh.; {-m-manya} mfn.
considering one's self clever or wise Sarvad.; {-vat} mfn. connected with the word
{vicakSaNa} AitBr. (cf. {-NA7nta} Lthy., {-No7ttara} Vait.)
vicakshaNaH = the experienced
vicakshaNa* = mfn. conspicuous, visible, bright, radiant, splendid RV. AV. Br. GriS'rS.;
distinct, perceptible PrGri.; clear-sighted (lit. and fig.), sagacious, clever, wise,
experienced or versed in, familiar with (loc. or comp.) RV. &c. &c.; m. N. of a preceptor
(with the patr. Tndya) VBr.; ({A}) f. Tiaridium Indicum L.; N. of Brahm's throne
KaushUp.; N. of a female servant Viddh.; ({am}) ind. g. {gotrA7di}; {-canasita-vat} mfn.
accompanied by the word {vicakSaNa}, or {canasita} KtyS'r.; {-tva} n. sagaciousness,
cleverness, discernment, judgment, wisdom MBh.; {-m-manya} mfn. considering one's
self clever or wise Sarvad.; {-vat} mfn. connected with the word {vicakSaNa} AitBr. (cf.
{-NA7nta} Lthy., {-No7ttara} Vait.)
vicashthe *V= acting, sees, perceive, sees this, can search for

vicetana *= mf(%{A})n. (for 2. see under %{vi-cit}) senseless, unconscious, absentminded MBh. R. &c. ; inanimate, dead Hit. ; foolish, stupid Kum. ; (f. %{I}), rendering
unconscious Pan5car. 1.
vichaara = thought

vichaaraM = thought
vichaalayet.h = should try to agitate
vichaalyate = becomes shaken
viceshTa * = mfn. motionless R.
viceshTA* = f. motion (see %{nir-viceSTa}); acting, proceeding, conduct, behaviour
MBh. Ka1m. BhP. (cf. %{dur-viceSTa}); effort, exertion MW.
viceshTana* = n. moving the limbs MBh.; kicking or rolling (said of horses) Ragh.
vi+chint.h = think
vicintya * = mfn. to be considered or thought of or cared for VarBr2S. Prab. BhP. ; to be
found out or devised Das3. ; doubtful, questionable Va1m.
vic(h)itra = foolish, extraordinary, strange *= mf({A})n. variegated, many-coloured,
motley, brilliant MBh. R. &c.; manifold, various, diverse Mn. MBh. &c.; strange,
wonderful, surprising MBh. Kv. &c.; charming, lovely, beautiful R. Riitus.; amusing,
entertaining (as a story) Kaths.; painted, coloured W.; ({am}) ind. manifoldly, variously
BhP.; charmingly R.; m. the As'oka tree L.; N. of a king MBh.; of a son of Manu Raucya
or Deva-svarni Hariv. Pur.; of a heron Hit.; ({A}) f. a white deer MW.; colocynth L.; (in
music) a partic. Mrchan Sangt.; N. of a river VP.; n. variegated colour, party-colour
W.; wonder, surprise Gt.; a figure of speech (implying apparently the reverse of the
meaning intended) Kuval. Pratp.; {-katha} m. `" one whose stories are amusing "'N. of

a man Kaths.; {-caritra} mfn. behaving in a wonderful manner MW.; {-cInA7Mzuka} n.

variegated China cloth, shot or watered China silk W.; {-tA} f. {-tva} n. variegation,
variety, wonderfulness Kv. Sh.; {-deha} mfn. having a painted body W.; elegantly
formed ib.; m. a cloud L.; {-pazu} m. N. of a poet Cat.; {-bhUSaNa} m. N. of a Kin-nara
Buddh.; {-mAlyA7bharaNa} mfn. having variegated garlands and ornaments Nal.; {maulizrI-cUDa} m. N. of a prince Buddh.; {-rUpa} mfn. having various forms, various,
diverse MBh.; {-varSin} mfn. raining here and there (not everywhere) VarBriS.; {-vAkyapaTutA} f. great eloquence Prasang.; {-vAguro7cchrAya-maya} mf({I})n. filled with
various outspread nets Kaths.; {-vIrya} m. `" of marvellous heroism "'N. of a celebrated
king of the lunar race (the son of S'ntanu by his wife Satya-vat, and so half-brother of
Bhshma; when he died childless, his mother requested Vysa, whom she had borne
before her marriage to the sage Pars'ara, to raise up issue to Vicitra-vrya; so Vysa
married the two widows of his half-brother, Ambik and Amblik, and by them became
the father of Dhriita-rshthra and Pndu; cf. IW. 375; 376) MBh. Hariv. Pur.; ({-sU} f.
`" mother of Vicitra-vrya "'N. of Satya-vat L.); {-siMha} m. N. of a man Rjat.; {trA7Gga} m. `" having variegated limbs or a spotted body "', a peacock L.; a tiger L.; {trA7pIDa} m. N. of a Vidy-dhara Kaths.; {-trA7laMkAra-svara} m. N. of a
serpentdemon Buddh.
vichitraH = wonderful/mysterious
viccchitti * = (%{vi4-}) f. cutting asunder or off, breaking off, prevention, interruption,
cessation TBr. &c. &c.; wanting, lack of (instr.) S3is3.; (in rhet.) a pointed or cutting or
sharp style Sa1h. Kuval.; irregularity or carelessness in dress and decoration Va1s.
Das3ar.; colouring or marking the body with unguents, painting S3ak. S3is3.; caesura,
pause in a verse W.

vichintaya = think well

vichintya = having thought
viceSTita* = mfn. struggled, striven, exerted &c.; effected, produced Hit.; investigated,
inquired into W.; unconsidered, illjudged ib.; n. motion (of the body), gesture Ka1v.
Sus3r.; action, exertion, conduct, behaviour Ya1jn5. MBh. &c.; evil or malicious act,
machination W.
vichetasaH = bewilderedvi+smri = to forget
viceshthita * = mfn. struggled, striven, exerted &c.; effected, produced Hit.; investigated,
inquired into W.; unconsidered, illjudged ib.; n. motion (of the body), gesture Kv.
Sus'r.; action, exertion, conduct, behaviour Yj. MBh. &c.; evil or malicious act,
machination W.
vicitra *= mf({A})n. variegated, many-coloured, motley, brilliant MBh. R. &c.; manifold,
various, diverse Mn. MBh. &c.; strange, wonderful, surprising MBh. Kv. &c.; charming,
lovely, beautiful R. Riitus.; amusing, entertaining (as a story) Kaths.; painted, coloured
W.; ({am}) ind. manifoldly, variously BhP.; charmingly R.; m. the As'oka tree L.; N. of a
king MBh.; of a son of Manu Raucya or Deva-svarni Hariv. Pur.; of a heron Hit.; ({A}) f.
a white deer MW.; colocynth L.; (in music) a partic. Mrchan Sangt.; N. of a river VP.;
n. variegated colour, party-colour W.; wonder, surprise Gt.; a figure of speech (implying
apparently the reverse of the meaning intended) Kuval. Pratp.; {-katha} m. `" one
whose stories are amusing "'N. of a man Kaths.; {-caritra} mfn. behaving in a
wonderful manner MW.; {-cInA7Mzuka} n. variegated China cloth, shot or watered
China silk W.; {-tA} f. {-tva} n. variegation, variety, wonderfulness Kv. Sh.; {-deha}

mfn. having a painted body W.; elegantly formed ib.; m. a cloud L.; {-pazu} m. N. of a
poet Cat.; {-bhUSaNa} m. N. of a Kin-nara Buddh.; {-mAlyA7bharaNa} mfn. having
variegated garlands and ornaments Nal.; {-maulizrI-cUDa} m. N. of a prince Buddh.; {rUpa} mfn. having various forms, various, diverse MBh.; {-varSin} mfn. raining here
and there (not everywhere) VarBriS.; {-vAkya-paTutA} f. great eloquence Prasang.; {vAguro7cchrAya-maya} mf({I})n. filled with various outspread nets Kaths.; {-vIrya} m.
`" of marvellous heroism "'N. of a celebrated king of the lunar race (the son of S'ntanu
by his wife Satya-vat, and so half-brother of Bhshma; when he died childless, his
mother requested Vysa, whom she had borne before her marriage to the sage Pars'ara,
to raise up issue to Vicitra-vrya; so Vysa married the two widows of his half-brother,
Ambik and Amblik, and by them became the father of Dhriita-rshthra and Pndu;
cf. IW. 375; 376) MBh. Hariv. Pur.; ({-sU} f. `" mother of Vicitra-vrya "'N. of Satya-vat
L.); {-siMha} m. N. of a man Rjat.; {-trA7Gga} m. `" having variegated limbs or a
spotted body "', a peacock L.; a tiger L.; {-trA7pIDa} m. N. of a Vidy-dhara Kaths.; {trA7laMkAra-svara} m. N. of a serpentdemon Buddh.
vid.h = to obtain
vidaH = who understand
viDa * = m. n. a kind of salt (either factitious salt, procured by boiling earth impregnated
with saline particles, or a partic. kind of fetid salt used medicinally as a tonic aperient,
commonly called Vit-lavan or Bit-noben cf. {viD-lavaNa}; it is black in colour and is
prepared by fusing fossil silt with a small portion of Emblic Myrobalan, the product
being muriate of soda with small quantities of muriate of lime, sulphur, and oxide of
iron) Sus'r.; m. N. of a country and its king Inscr.; a fragment, bit, portion (?) W.

vida * = mfn. = prec. (cf. {ko-}, {trayI-}, {dvi-v-}); m. knowledge, discovery (cf. {dur-v}); m. N. of a man (cf. {bida}).
vi-daa * = P. {-dadAti}, to give out, distribute, grant R.
vi-daa * = (or {do}, not separable fr. 4. {dA}) P. {-dAti}, or {-dyati} (ind. p. {-ditya}), to
cut up, cut to pieces, bruise, pound VS.; to untie, release, deliver from (abl.) S'Br.; to
destroy Hariv.
vidadhaami = give
vidadas'va * = m. `" granting horses "'N. of a man (cf. %{vaidadazvi}).
vidadvasu * = (%{vida4d-}) mfn. possessing or granting wealth RV. Br.
vidadhaati = VB: award, perform, arrange, execute

viDamba *= mfn. imitating, representing BhP.; m. mockery, derision Kv. Sh.;

degradation, desecration VarBriS.; afflicting, distressing, annoyance MW.
vidaarayati = to split apart
vidaahinaH = burning
viddha *= mfn. (p.p. of %{vyadh}) pierced, perforated, penetrated, stabbed, struck,
wounded, beaten, torn, hurt, injured AV. &c. &c.; cleft, split, burst asunder MBh.; (with
%{zUlAyAm}) impaled Katha1s.; opposed, impeded L.; thrown, sent L.; stung, incited,
set in motion BhP.; filled or affected or provided or joined or mixed with (instr. or

comp.) Hariv. VarBr2S. BhP.; like, resembling S3rutab.; m. Echites Scholaris L.; n. a
wound MW.
viddhi = know for sure
videsha = foreign land
videha*= *mfn. bodiless, incorporeal; deceased, dead (also {videha-prA7pta}) MBh. R.
BhP. &c.; ({a4}) m. (cf. {vi-degha4}) N. of a country (= the modern Tirhut) S'Br. &c. &c.;
a king of VVi-deha (esp. applied to Janaka) Up. BhP. Rjat.; N. of a medical author
(also called {-pati}, or {-hA7dhipa}) Cat.; ({A}) f. the capital city of VVi-deha i.e.
Mithil L.; ({As}) m. pl. the people of VVi-deha; {-kaivalya-prA7pti} f. the attainment of
emancipation after death Madhus.; {-jA} f. `" daughter of Janaka "'N. of S't R.; {-tva}
n. bodilessness (acc. with {gataH} = deceased, dead) R.; {-nagara} n. (Cat.), {-rI} f.
(Ragh.) the city of Mithil; {-pati}, lord of MMithil; {-mukti} f. deliverance through
release from the body RmatUp. ({-ti-kathana} and {-ty-Adi-kathana} n. N. of two
treatises); {-rAja} m. a king of VVi-deha R.; {-hA7dhipa} see {viheha}; {-hA7dhipati}
m. = {-ha-rAja} Hariv.
vidharaNa *= mf(%{I}) n. checking, restraining S3Br.; (%{I}) f. maintaining,
supporting ib.
vidhaaraNa *= mf(%{I})n. dividing, separating Vas. BhP.; n. stopping, detaining (a
carriage) Katha1s.; checking, restraining, retention, suppression, APra1t. MBh. &c.;
bearing, carrying MBh. Hariv. &c.; maintaining, supporting MBh. [969,1]
vidhaataa f. = %{madya} L.

vidhaatavya *= mfn. to be fixed or settled Hariv.; to be got or procured MBh.; to be

performed or accomplished or exhibited MBh. Ka1v. &c.; to be striven after or cared for
ib.; n. impers. with %{yathA}, `" care must be taken that "' R.; to be used or employed or
appointed Sa1h. Sarv.
vidhaatri = the creator *= mf(%{trI})n. distributing. arranging, disposing &c.; m. a
distributer, disposer, arranger, accomplisher, maker, author, creator RV. &c. &c.; a
granter, giver, bestower Kum.; N. of Brahma1 (as the creator of the world and disposer
of men's fate, sometimes in pl. = %{prajA-pati} e.g. S3ak. vii, 30/31; sometimes Vidha1tr2i is mentioned together with Dha1tr2i e.g. MBh. iii, 10419 &c.; both are supposed
to be the sons of Brahma1 [MBh.] or of Bhr2igu [Pur.]; in VarBr2S. Vidha1tr2i is the
regent of the 2nd Tithi, while Brahma1 presides over the first) MBh. Ka1v. &c.; Fate or
Destiny (personified) Ka1v. Hit.; N. of Vishn2u BhP.; of S3iva S3ivag.; of Ka1ma (god of
love) L.; of Vis3va-karman MW.; (%{trI}) f. see below; %{-bhU} m. `" son of Brahma1
"'N. of Na1rada L.; %{-vazAt} ind, from the will of BrBrahma1, through the power of
destiny MW.; %{-tr-Ayus} m. the sunflower L.
vidhaatrI *= f. a female creator, mother of (comp.), Pan5cav.
vidhaatRkA *= f. (used to explain %{vidhavA}) Nir. iii, 15.
vidhaana = placing * = mf({I})n. disposing, arranging, regulating Vait.; acting,
performing, possessing, having MW.; m. N. of a Sdhya Hariv.; n. order, measure,
disposition, arrangement, regulation, rule, precept, method, manner RV. &c. &c. (instr.
sg. and pl., and {-tas} ind. according to rule or precept; {saMkhyA-vidhAnAt}, according
to mathematical method, mathematically; {deza-kAla-vidhAnena}, in the right place and
at the right time); medical prescription or regulation, diet Sus'r.; fate, destiny MBh.

Kv.; taking measures, contriving, managing Mn. MBh. &c.; a means, expedient Pacat.;
setting up (machines) Yj.; creating, creation Kum. Ragh.; performance (esp. of
prescribed acts or rites), execution, making, doing, accomplishing Mn. MBh. &c.;
enumeration, statement of particulars Sus'r.; (in dram.) conflict of different feelings,
occasion for joy and sorrow Sh. Pratp.; (in gram.) affixing, prefixing, taking as an affix
&c. W.; an elephant's fodder &c. S'is'. v, 51 (only L. worship; wealth; wages; sending; act
of hostility &c.); {-kalpa} m. {-khaNDa} m. or n. (?) N. of wks.; {-ga} m. `" rulegoer "', a
Pandit, teacher L.; {-gumpha} m. N. of wk.; {-jJa} mfn. one who knows rules or precepts
MBh. Sus'r.; m. a teacher, Pandit W.; {-tilaka} n. {-pArijAta} m. {-mAlA} f. N. of wks.; {yukta} mfn. agreeable to rule or precept MBh.; {-ratna} n. {-ratnamAlA} f. {-rahasya} n.
N. of wks.; {-saptamI} f. N. of the 7th day in the light half of Mgha W.; {sArasaMgraha} m. N. of wk.; {-no7kta} mfn. proclaimed or enjoined according to rule or
(sacred) precept Bhag.
vidhana* = mfn. devoid of wealth, poor VarBriS.; {-tA} f. poverty Mriicch. Hit.; {-nI-kR}
P. {-karoti}, to impoverish Kaths.
vidhana* = {vi-dhanuSka} &c. see p. 951, col. 1.
vidhaanoktaH = according to scriptural regulation
vidhaatri * = mf(%{trI})n. distributing. arranging, disposing &c. ; m. a distributer,
disposer, arranger, accomplisher, maker, author, creator RV. &c. &c. ; a granter, giver,
bestower Kum. ; N. of Brahma1 (as the creator of the world and disposer of men's fate,
sometimes in pl. = %{prajA-pati} e.g. S3ak. vii, 30/31 ; sometimes Vi-dha1tr2i is
mentioned together with Dha1tr2i e.g. MBh. iii, 10419 &c. ; both are supposed to be the
sons of Brahma1 [MBh.] or of Bhr2igu [Pur.] ; in VarBr2S. Vidha1tr2i is the regent of the

2nd Tithi, while Brahma1 presides over the first) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; Fate or Destiny
(personified) Ka1v. Hit. ; N. of Vishn2u BhP. ; of S3iva S3ivag. ; of Ka1ma (god of love)
L. ; of Vis3va-karman MW. ; (%{trI}) f. see below ; %{-bhU} m. `" son of Brahma1 "'N.
of Na1rada L. ; %{-vazAt} ind, from the will of BrBrahma1, through the power of
destiny MW. ; %{-tr-Ayus} m. the sunflower L.
vidhaatrii * = f. a female creator, mother of (comp.), Pan5cav.
vidhava *= in comp. for %{-vA} below.
vidhavaa * = f. (accord. to some fr. %{vi} + %{dhava} see 2. %{dhava4} , p. 513) a
husbandless woman , widow (also with %{nArI} , %{yoSit} , %{strI} &c.) RV. &c. &c. ;
bereft of a king (a country) R. [Cf. Gk. $ ; Lat. &293125[967 ,2] {vidua} ; Goth.
{widuwo7} ; Germ. {wituwa} , {witewe} , {Witwe} ; Angl. Sax. {wuduwe} , {widewe} ;
Eng. {widow}.]
vidhava * = Nom. (fr. 1. %{vidhu}) P. %{-vati} , to resemble the moon Ka1vya7d.
vidhi = ritual* = 1 m. (for 2. see p. 968, col. 1) a worshipper, one who does homage AitBr.
\\2 m. (for 1. see p. 967, col. 2) a rule, formula, injunction, ordinance, statute, precept,
law, direction (esp. for the performance of a rite as given in the Brhmana portion of the
Veda, which accord. to Sy. consists of two parts, 1. Vidhi, `" precepts or
commandments "' e.g. {yajeta}, `" he ought to sacrifice "', {kuryAt}, `" he ought to
perform "'; 2. Artha-vda, `" explanatory statements "' as to the origin of rites and use of
the Mantras, mixed up with legends and illustrations) GriS'rS. Mn. MBh. &c. (cf. IW.
24); a grammatical rule or precept Pn. 1-1, 57; 72; any prescribed act or rite or
ceremony Mn. Klid. Pacat.; use, employment, application Car.; method, manner or

way of acting, mode of life, conduct, behaviour Mn. MBh. &c.; a means, expedient for
(dat. loc., or comp.; {adhvavidhinA}, by means of i.e. along the road) Hariv. Kv. Pur.
Hit.; any act or action, performance, accomplishment, contrivance, work, business (ifc.
often pleonastically e.g. {mathana-vidhi}, the [act of] disturbing) Yj. S'ak. &c.;
creation (also pl.) Kum. Kir.; fate, destiny MBh. Kv. &c.; the creator Pacar.; N. of
Brahm S'ak. Naish.; of Vishnu L.; of Agni at the Pra7yas'citta Griihys.; a physician L.
time L.; fodder, food for elephants or horses L.; f. N. of a goddess Cat.
vidhii* = (or {dIdhI}, only Subj. {-dIdhayaH} and {-dIdhyaH}), to be uncertain, hesitate
RV. AV
vidhidishhTaH = according to the direction of scripture
vidhihiinaM = without scriptural direction
vidhiiyate = does take place
vidhikara *= mf(%{I})n. executing commands ; m. a servant BhP.
vidhitsaa * = f. intention to do, intention, design, purpose, desire for (comp.) MBh. Ka1v.
&c.; the wish to make or turn into (comp.) Ra1jat.
vidhitsita* = mfn. intended; n. intention, purpose BhP.
vidhu* = 1 mfn. (prob. fr. 2. {vidh}; for 2. {vi-dhu4} see {vi-dhU}, col. 3) lonely, solitary
RV. x, 55, 5 (applied to the moon; accord. to Sy. = {vi-dhAtR}, {vi-dhArayitR}); m. the
moon Mn. Bhartri. Gt.; (L. also, camphor; N. of Brahm and of Vishnu; a Rkshasa;
wind; an expiatory oblation; time; = {Ayudha} "'); N. of a prince VP. (v.l. {vipra}). \\

vidhu * = 2 m. (for 1. see col. 2) palpitation, throbbing (of the heart) AV. ix, 8, 22
vidhunana * = n. = %{-dhUnana} L.
vidhuu //vidhunoti * =P. . {-dhUnoti}, {-dhUnute} (later also {-dhunoti}, {-dhunute};
inf. {-dhavitum}, or {-dhotum}), to shake about, move to and fro, agitate, toss about (.
also `" one's self "') RV. &c. &c.; to fan, kindle (fire) MBh.; to shake off, drive away,
scatter, disperse, remove, destroy R. Kaths. BhP. &c.; (.) to shake off from one's self,
relinquish, abandon, give up AV. Mn. MBh. &c.: Pass. {-dhUyate} (ep. also {-ti}), to be
shaken or agitated MBh.: Caus. {-dhUnayati}, to cause to shake about &c.; to shake
violently, agitate, harass, annoy MBh. R. &c.
vidhuunana * = mf(%{I})n. (fr. Caus.) causing to move to and fro Naish. ; n. shaking ,
agitation Sa1h. ; waving , undulating Cat. ; repugnance , repulsion (as of love) Das3ar.
Sch.
vidhuunita * = mfn. shaken , agitated , harassed , annoyed W.
vidhuuta = moving
vidhuunana * = mf(%{I})n. (fr. Caus.) causing to move to and fro Naish. ; n. shaking,
agitation Sa1h. ; waving, undulating Cat. ; repugnance, repulsion (as of love) Das3ar.
Sch.
vidhuunita * = mfn. shaken, agitated, harassed, annoyed W.
vidhvasta * = mfn. fallen asunder, fallen to pieces, dispersed, ruined, destroyed MBh.
Ka1v. &c.; whirled up (as dust) R.; (in astron.) darkened obscured, eclipsed Su1ryas.; %

{-kavaca} mfn. one whose armour is destroyed R.; %{-tA} f. ruin, destruction Katha1s.;
%{-nagarA7zrama} mfn. containing ruined cities and hermitages MBh.; %{-para-guNa}
mfn. one who detracts from the merits of another Va1s.; %{-vipaNA7paNa} mfn. (a
town) whose market and trade are ruined R.
vidhema = make
vidhunana * = n. = %{-dhUnana} L.
vidhuunana * = mf(%{I})n. (fr. Caus.) causing to move to and fro Naish.; n. shaking,
agitation Sa1h.; waving, undulating Cat.; repugnance, repulsion (as of love) Das3ar. Sch.
vidhuunita * = mfn. shaken, agitated, harassed, annoyed W.
viditam.h = known
viditaatmanaaM = of those who are self-realized
viditvaa = having known/realised
vidishaaM = non-direction
vidmaH = do we know
vidraavita* =mfn. caused to disperse, driven away, defeated, routed R BhP.; liquefied,
fused W.
vidmahe = ?

viduH = understood
viduushhakaH = (m) clown, joker
vidura * = mfn. knowing, wise, intelligent, skilled in (comp.) Uttamac.; m. a learned or
clever man W.; an intriguer ib.; N. of the younger brother of Dhr2ita-ra1sht2ra and
Pa1n2d2u (they were all three sons of Vya1sa, but only the latter two by the two widows of
Vicitra-vi1rya; when Vya1sa wanted a third son, the elder widow sent him one of her
slave-girls, dressed in her own clothes, and this girl became the mother of Vidura, who is
sometimes called Kshattr2i, as if he were the son of a Kshatriya man and S3u1dra
woman Vidura is described as %{sarva-buddhimatAM@varaH} and is one of the wisest
characters in the Maha1-bha1rata, always ready with good advice both for his nephews,
the Pa1n2d2avas, and for his brother Dhr2ita-ra1sht2ra) MBh. Hariv. Pur. (cf. IW. 376;
385 &c.)
viduura * =mf(%{A})n. very remote or distant S3a1n3khS3r. Ka1v. &c. (acc. with %{kR},
to remove; %{vi-dUram} ind. far distant, far away TBr.; %{vi-dUrAt}, or %{-ra-tas},
from afar, far away; %{-re}, far distant; %{-ra} ibc. far, from afar); far removed from,
not attainable by (gen.) BhP.; (ifc.) not caring for ib.; m. N. of a son of Kuru MBh. (B.);
of a mountain or town or any locality S3is3. Sch. (cf. Pa1n2. 4-3, 84); %{-kramaNakSama} mfn. able to run far away Ka1m.; %{-ga} mfn. going far away Cat.; farspreading (as scent) L.; %{-gamana} n. the going far away Katha1s.; %{ja} n. cat's eye (a
sort of jewel) Harav.; %{-jAta} mfn. grown a long way off MBh.; %{-tA} f. = next
Mr2icch.; %{-tva} n. a great distance (abl. `" from afar "') Hariv.; %{-bhUmi} f. N. of a
locality (= %{vidUra}) Kum.; %{-ratna} n. = %{-ja} L.; %{-vigata} mfn. `" come from
afar "', of lowest origin BhP.; %{-saMzrava} mfn. audible a long way off R.; %{-rA7dri}
m. N. of a mountain W.; %{-rI-bhU} P. %{-bhavati}, to become far distant Ragh.; %{-

rodbhAvita} n. = %{-ra-ja} L.
vidvaj *= in comp. for %{vidvat}.
vidvajjana *= m. a wise man , sage , seer Bhartr2. Hit. ; %{-parisevitA} f. N. of a Kim2nari1 Ka1ran2d2. ; %{-mada-bhaJjana} n. %{-manoharA} f. %{-vallabha} m. %{vallabhIya} n. N. of wks.
vidvat.h = scholar
vidvattva = scholarliness
vidvaan.h = learned
vidvan* = 1 mfn. = {vidva4s} AV. ix, 9, 7. \\2 in comp. for {vidvat
vidvas * = mf({u4SI})n. one who knows, knowing, understanding, learned, intelligent,
wise, mindful of, familiar with, skilled in (acc. loc., or comp.) RV. &c. &c. (cf. {vidvattara}, {vidvat-tama}, {viduSTara}, {viduSI8-tara}); m. a wise man, sage, seer W.; N. of a
Brhman Hariv.
vidvat * = in comp. for %{vidvas}.
vidvesha * = m. hatred, dislike, contempt, aversion to (loc. or gen.) AV. &c. &c. (%{SaM-gam}, to make one's self odious ; %{-SaM-kR}, with loc., to show hostility towards ;
%{-SaM-grah}, with loc., to conceive hatred against) ; a magical act or formula used for
exciting hatred or enmity (also %{-karman} n.) Cat. ; proud indifference (even for
desired objects) Bhar. ; a class of evil demons Hariv. ; %{-vIra} m. N. of a chief of the

S3aivas Cat.
vidveshaka * = mfn. hating, adverse to (comp.) MBh.
vidveshaNa * = mfn. causing to hate, rendering hostile RV. ; m. one who hates, a hater
MW. ; (%{I}) f. a woman of resentful disposition ib. ; N. of a female demon (daughter of
Duh2-saha) Ma1rkP. (v.l. for %{-SiNI}) ; n. hating, disliking, having an aversion to (gen.
or comp.) MBh. Hariv. [967,2] ; the being hated or disliked, a means for making one's
self hateful MBh. VarBr2S. ; exciting hatred or enmity Gaut. ; a magical act performed
to excite hatred Cat.
vidveshas * = (%{vi4-}) mfn. opposing or resisting enmity RV.
vidveshin * = mf(%{iNI})n. hating, hostile, inimical to (gen. or comp.) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ;
(ifc.) rivalling or vying with S3rutab. ; (%{iNI}) f. N. of a female demon Ma1rkP. (cf. %{SaNI}) ; %{Si-tA} f. hatred, enmity Ra1jat. ; %{-Si-prabhava} mfn. proceeding from an
enemy MW.
vidvish * = 1 P. A1. %{-dveSTi}, %{-dviSTe}, to dislike, hate, be hostile to (acc.)
Ka1tyS3r. MBh. Hariv.; (A1.) to hate each other mutually, dislike one another AV.
Kat2hUp. Gr2S3rS.: Caus. %{-dveSayati}, to cause to dislike, render an enemy, make
hostile towards one another Bhat2t2.\\] 2 mfn. hating, hostile, an enemy to (mostly ifc.)
MBh. Ka1v. &c.
vidvishhaavahai = may us not quarrel or hate
vidyaa* = f. knowledge (cf. {kAla-jAta-v-}), science, learning, scholarship, philosophy
RV. &c. &c. (according to some there are four Vidys or sciences, 1. {trayI}, the triple

Veda; 2. {AnvIkSikI}, logic and metaphysics; 3. {daNDa-nIti}, the science of

government; 4. {vArttA}, practical arts, such as agriculture, commerce, medicine &c.;
and Manu vii, 43 adds a fifth, viz. {Atma-vidyA}, knowledge of soul or of spiritual truth;
according to others, Vidy has fourteen divisions, viz. the four Vedas, the six Vedngas,
the Purnas, the Mmns. Nyya, and Dharma or law [964,1]; or with the four Upavedas, eighteen divisions; others reckon 33 and even 64 sciences [= {kalAs} or arts];
Knowledge is also personified and identified with Durg; she is even said to have
composed prayers and magical formulas); any knowledge whether true or false (with
Ps'upatas) Sarvad.; a spell, incantation MBh. Ragh. Kaths.; magical skill MW.; a kind
of magical pill (which placed in the mouth is supposed to give the power of ascending to
heaven) W.; Premna Spinosa L.; a mystical N. of the letter {i} Up.; a small bell L. (cf.
{vidyAmaNi}). 1.
vidya* = 1 (for 2. see p. 965, col. 1) = {vidyA} (ifc.; see {a-v-} {-kRta-vidya}, {samAnavidya-tA}). \\vidya* =2 n. finding, acquiring, gaining (see {pativ-} and {putra-v-}). \\=1
{vidyA} &c. see p. 963, col. 3.
vidyate = there is
vidyamaana * = mfn. (Pass. pr. p.) `" being found "', existent, existing, present, real Pat.
Kv. Pur. (cf. {a-vid-}).
vidyamaanamati * = mfn. possessing understanding , wise Pan5cat.
vidyamaanatva* = n. existence , presence S3am2k.
vidyanipuNai = by the ace scholar Shankara (Plural is used for reverance)

vidyayaa = (fem.instr.sing.) by knowledge

vidyaa = knowledge
vidyaat.h = you must know
vidyaaturaanaaM = (poss.pl.) of people who are indulging in knowledge
vidyaanaaM = of all education
vidyaanidhiH = the stock-pile of knowledge (here rAma)
vidyaamahaM = shall I know
vidyaarthinii = (f) student
vidyaarthii = (m) student
vidyaalayaH = (m) school
vidyaavaan.h = a knowledgeable manor scholar
vidyota * = mfn. flashing, glittering BhP.; m. a flash of light, lightning Hariv.; N. of a son
of Dharma and Lamba1 (father of Stanayitnu, the Thunder "') BhP.; (%{A}) f. N. of an
Apsaras MBh.
vidyut.hkandaH = (m) incandescent bulb

vidya* =1 (for 2. see p. 965, col. 1) = {vidyA} (ifc.; see {a-v-} {-kRta-vidya}, {samAnavidya-tA}).
vidyaa4* = f. knowledge (cf. {kAla-jAta-v-}), science, learning, scholarship, philosophy
RV. &c. &c. (according to some there are four Vidys or sciences, 1. {trayI}, the triple
Veda; 2. {AnvIkSikI}, logic and metaphysics; 3. {daNDa-nIti}, the science of
government; 4. {vArttA}, practical arts, such as agriculture, commerce, medicine &c.;
and Manu vii, 43 adds a fifth, viz. {Atma-vidyA}, knowledge of soul or of spiritual truth;
according to others, Vidy has fourteen divisions, viz. the four Vedas, the six Vedngas,
the Purnas, the Mmns. Nyya, and Dharma or law [964, 1]; or with the four Upavedas, eighteen divisions; others reckon 33 and even 64 sciences [= {kalAs} or arts];
Knowledge is also personified and identified with Durg; she is even said to have
composed prayers and magical formulas); any knowledge whether true or false (with
Ps'upatas) Sarvad.; a spell, incantation MBh. Ragh. Kaths.; magical skill MW.; a kind
of magical pill (which placed in the mouth is supposed to give the power of ascending to
heaven) W.; Premna Spinosa L.; a mystical N. of the letter {i} Up.; a small bell L. (cf.
{vidyAmaNi}). 1.
vidya* =2 n. finding, acquiring, gaining (see {pativ-} and {putra-v-}).
vidya* =1 {vidyA} &c. see p. 963, col. 3.
vidya* =2 {vidyamAna} &c. see p. 965. [966, 3]
vidyaadhara * = mfn. possessed of science or spells. L.; m. a kind of supernatural being
(dwelling in the Hima7laya, attending upon S'iva, and possessed of magical power), fairy
({-tva} n.) Hariv. Kv. &c.; (also {-kavi}, {-rA7cArya}) N. of various scholars Kir. Sch.

Vs., Introd. Cat.; a kind of metre Col.; (in music) a kind of measure Sangt.; ({A} and
{I}) f. N. of a Sura7ngan Sinha7s.; ({I}) f. a female of the above class of supernatural
beings, fairy, sylph MBh. Kv. &c.; N. of a daughter of S'ra-sena Kaths.; {cakravartin} m. a supreme lord of the Vidy-dharas Vs.; {-tAla} m. (in music) a kind of
measure (= {vidyA-dhara}) Cat.; {-piTaka} (?)N. of wk.; {-mahA-cakravartin} m. the
paramount lord of all fairy-like beings ({-ti-tA} f.) Kaths.; {-yantra} n. an apparatus for
sublimating quicksilver Bhpr.; {-rasa} m. a partic. mixture Cat.; {-rA7dhI7za}, m.= {-racakra-vartin} ({-tA} f.) Kaths.; {-rA7bhra} m. a partic. mixture L.; {-rI-parijana} mfn.
attended by Vidy-dhars MW.; {-rI-bhU}, to become a Vidy-dhara Kaths.; {-rIvilAsa} m. N. of wk.; {-re7ndra} m. a prince of the Vidy-dharas ({-tA} f. {-tva}, n.)
Rjat. Kaths.; N. of Jmbavat MBh.
vidyaa4dhaara * = ({-yA7dh-}) m. `" receptacle of knknowledge "', a gre
vidyota * flashing, glittering BhP.; m. a flash of light, lightning Hariv.; N. of a son of
Dharma and Lamb (father of Stanayitnu, the Thunder "') BhP.; ({A}) f. N. of an
Apsaras MBh.
vidheyaatmaa = one who follows regulated freedom
vigalita * = mfn. flowed away, drained off, dried up MBh. Mr2icch. Prab. ; melted away,
dissolved Katha1s. Gi1t. ; fallen down or out, slipped out of (abl.) MBh. Ka1v. Pan5cat. ;
slackened "', untied (see %{-nIvi}) ; dishevelled (see %{-keza}) ; passed away,
disappeared, vanished Bhartr2. Katha1s. ; come forth MBh. ; %{-keza} mfn. having
dishevelled hair W. ; %{-nIvi} mfn. having the knot untied MW. ; %{-bandha} mfn.
having the band loosened Vikr. ; %{-lajja} mfn. free from shame, bold Gi1t. ; %{-vasana}
mfn. destitute of garments, unclothed ib. ; %{-zuc} mfn. freed from sorrow Megh.

vigarhaa * = f. blame, censure ib

vigarhita* = mfn. blamed, reprehensible, prohibited, forbidden by (instr. gen., or comp.)
or on account of (comp.) Mn. MBh. &c.; {-tA7cAra} mfn. of reprehensible conduct Mn.
iii, 167.
vigata = having discarded
vigataH = is removed
vigatajvaraH = without being lethargic
vigatabhiiH = devoid of fear
vigatasprihaH = without being interested
viguNaH = even faulty
vigraha = attack
vigraha * = 2 m. (for 1. see p. 950. col. 2) keeping apart or asunder, isolation Nir. BhP.;
division, Bh.; distribution (esp. of fluids cf. {vi-grah}) KtyS'r.; (in gram.) independence
(of a word, as opp. to composition) APrt.; separation, resolution, analysis, resolution of
a compound word into its constituent parts, the separation or analysis of any word
capable of separation (such words are Kriidantas, Taddhitas, all Samsas or compound
words, Ekas'eshas, and all derivative verbs like desideratives &c.; the only words
incapable of resolution being the simple verb, the singular of the noun, and a few
indeclinables not derived from roots; all compounds being called {nitya} or `" fixed "',

when their meaning cannot be ascertained through an analysis of their component parts;
cf. {jamad-agni}) Pn. Sch. S'ank. &c.; discord, quarrel, contest, strife, war with (instr.
with or without {saha}, {sA7rdham} or {sAkam} loc. gen. with {upari}, or comp.) Mn.
MBh. &c.; (one of the 6 Gunas or measures of policy Mn. vii, 160 [cf. under {guNa}], also
applied to the conflict of hostile planets, in this sense also n. Sryas. R.; acc. with {kR}, to
make or wage war); separate i.e. individual form or shape, form, figure, the body Up.
MBh. &c. (also applied to the shape of a rainbow; acc. with {grah}, {pari-grah}, {kR},
{upA7-dA}, to assume a form); an ornament, decoration MBh. R.; (in Snkhya) an
element; N. of S'iva MBh. [957, 3]; of one of Skanda's attendants ib.; {-grahaNa} n. the
assumption of a form Sarvad.; {-dhyAna} n. N. of a Stotra; {-para} mfn. intent on war,
engaged in fighting MW.; {-parigraha} m. = {-grahaNa} Sarvad.; {-pAla-deva} m. N. of a
king Col.; {-rAja} m. N. of various kings Rjat.; of a poet Cat.; {-vat} mfn. having form or
figure, embodied, incarnate MBh. R. &c.; having a handsome form or shape, fine,
beautiful MW.; {-vyAvartanI} f. N. of wk.; {-hA7vara} n. `" hinder part of the body "', the
back L.; {-he7cchu} mfn. eager for combat Mcar.
vigrAham * = ind. in portions, successively
vigrahasandhau = for war(dissension) or peace-making
vijigISa* = mfn. (fr. Desid.) desirous of victory, emulous W.; ({A}) f. desire to conquer or
overcome or subdue (acc. dat., or comp.) R. Km. Kaths. ({-SA-vat} [Nlak.] or {-Sin}
[MBh.] mfn. desirous to conquer or overcome; {-SA-vivarjita} mfn. devoid of ambition
MW.; {-SIya} mfn. g. {utkarA7di}).
vighati = Equivalent to 24 seconds of clock time

vighna = calamity
vighnanaashine = to the destroyer of all obstacles
vighnaiH = difficulties, obstacles
viGYaataM = has been known
viGYaatuM = to know
viGYaana = comprehension, Science
viGYaanaM = numinous knowledge
viGYaanamaya = full of greater(scientific in a way) knowledge
viGYaanii = scientist
viGYaapana = advertisement, ad
viGYaaya = after understanding
vihaga = bird
vihaaya = giving up
vihanana* = n. (only L.) killing, slaying; hurting, injury; opposition, obstruction; a bowlike instrument for carding cotton.

vihaana* = (?) m. n. morning, dawn L.

vihaara = in relaxation; * distribution, transposition (of words) AitBr. Lthy.;
arrangement or disposition (of the 3 sacred fires; also applied to the fires themselves or
the space between them), S'rS.; too great expansion of the organs of speech (consisting in
too great lengthening or drawling in pronunciation, opp. to {saM-hAra} q.v.) RPrt.;
walking for pleasure or amusement, wandering, roaming MBh. Kv. &c.; sport, play,
pastime, diversion, enjoyment, pleasure (`" in "' or `" with "' comp.; ifc. also = taking
delight in) Yj. MBh. R. &c.; a place of recreation, pleasure-ground MBh. Kv. &c.;
(with Buddhists or Jainas) a monastery or temple (originally a hall where the monks met
or walked about; afterwards these halls were used as temples) Lalit. Mriicch. Kaths. &c.
(cf. MWB. 68; 81 &c.); consecration for a sacrifice past.; N. of the country of Magadha
(called Bihr or Behr from the number of Buddhist monasteries see MWB. 68) Cat.; the
shoulder L.; a partic. bird (= {bindurekaka}) L.; = {vaijayanta} L.; {-kArikA} f. pl. N. of
wk.; {-krIDA-mRga} m. a toy-antelope to play with BhP.; {-gRha} n. a pleasure-house,
play-house, theatre MW.; {-dAsI} f. a female attendant of a convent or temple Mlatm.;
{-deza} m. a place of recreation, pleasure-ground MBh. R. MrkP.; {-bhadra} m. N. of a
man Das'.; {-bhUmi} f. = {-deza} Hariv.; a grazing-ground, pasturage Kir.; {-yAtrA} f. a
pleasure-walk MBh.; {-vat} mfn. possessing a place of recreation Mn. MBh.; (ifc.)
delighting in Mn. x, 9; {-vana} n. a pleasure-grove Das'.; {-vApI} f. `" plpleasure-pond
"'N. of wk.; {-vAri} n. water for sporting or playing about in Ragh.; {-zayana} n. a
plpleasure-couch R.; {-zaila} m. a plpleasure-mountain R.; {-sthalI} f. (Vs.), {sthAna} n. (BhP.); {-rA7jira} n. (= {-radeza}); {-rA7vasatha} m. (= {-ra-gRha}) MBh.
vihara * =vihara taking away, removing, shifting, changing Bhartri.; separation,
disunion, absence W.

vihaaraNa * = n. pleasure, delight (ifc. = delighting in)

viharaNa * =n. the act of taking away or removing or changing or transposing Lthy.
MrkP.; opening, expanding Pn. 1-3, 20; stepping out ib. i, 3, 41; going about for
pleasure or exercise, roaming, strolling Kv. Pur. Sus'r.; taking out for a walk or for
airing Gobh.; moving to and fro, brandishing MBh.
vihaarasya = recreation
vihaariNi = one who strolls
vihata*= torn up, furrowed TBr. S'Br.; struck or beaten away or dashed out (of a persos
hand) BhP.; struck or touched or visited by (instr. or comp.) Kv. Pur.; warded off,
repelled MBh. R.; rejected, repulsed BhP.; disturbed, impeded Kv. Pur.
vihaayasa * = m. n. heaven, sky, atmosphere Tr. MBh. Hariv.; m. a bird L.
vihara* = m. taking away, removing, shifting, changing Bhartri.; separation, disunion,
absence W.
vihaara* = m. (once in BhP. n.) distribution, transposition (of words) AitBr. Lthy.;
arrangement or disposition (of the 3 sacred fires; also applied to the fires themselves or
the space between them), S'rS.; too great expansion of the organs of speech (consisting in
too great lengthening or drawling in pronunciation, opp. to {saM-hAra} q.v.) RPrt.;
walking for pleasure or amusement, wandering, roaming MBh. Kv. &c.; sport, play,
pastime, diversion, enjoyment, pleasure (`" in "' or `" with "' comp.; ifc. also = taking
delight in) Yj. MBh. R. &c.; a place of recreation, pleasure-ground MBh. Kv. &c.;
(with Buddhists or Jainas) a monastery or temple (originally a hall where the monks met

or walked about; afterwards these halls were used as temples) Lalit. Mriicch. Kaths. &c.
(cf. MWB. 68; 81 &c.); consecration for a sacrifice past.; N. of the country of Magadha
(called Bihr or Behr from the number of Buddhist monasteries see MWB. 68) Cat.; the
shoulder L.; a partic. bird (= {bindurekaka}) L.; = {vaijayanta} L.; {-kArikA} f. pl. N. of
wk.; {-krIDA-mRga} m. a toy-antelope to play with BhP.; {-gRha} n. a pleasure-house,
play-house, theatre MW.; {-dAsI} f. a female attendant of a convent or temple Mlatm.;
{-deza} m. a place of recreation, pleasure-ground MBh. R. MrkP.; {-bhadra} m. N. of a
man Das'.; {-bhUmi} f. = {-deza} Hariv.; a grazing-ground, pasturage Kir.; {-yAtrA} f. a
pleasure-walk MBh.; {-vat} mfn. possessing a place of recreation Mn. MBh.; (ifc.)
delighting in Mn. x, 9; {-vana} n. a pleasure-grove Das'.; {-vApI} f. `" plpleasure-pond
"'N. of wk.; {-vAri} n. water for sporting or playing about in Ragh.; {-zayana} n. a
plpleasure-couch R.; {-zaila} m. a plpleasure-mountain R.; {-sthalI} f. (Vs.), {sthAna} n. (BhP.); {-rA7jira} n. (= {-radeza}); {-rA7vasatha} m. (= {-ra-gRha}) MBh.
vihiaa = vihitA?, understood
vihiina* = mfn. entirely abandoned or left &c.; low, vulgar MBh.; (ibc.) wanting, missing,
absent R. VarBriS.; destitute or deprived of, free from (instr. abl., or comp.) MBh. Kv.
&c.; {-tA} f. abandonment MW.; (ifc.) absence or want of Hariv. Pacat.; {-tilaka}
mf({A})n. having no coloured sectarian mark (see {tilaka}) on the forehead R.; {-yoni}
mfn. of low origin MBh.; {-varNa} mfn. of low caste Gaut.
vihita * = prescribedvihita mfn. (for see under %{vi-dhA}) improper, unfit, not good
W.\\ 2 mfn. (fr., %{vi-} 1. %{dhA}, p. 967 ; for 1. %{vi-hita} see p. 953, col. 2)
distributed, divided, apportioned, bestowed, supplied &c. ; put in order, arranged,
determined, fixed, ordained, ordered RV. &c. &c. ; prescribed, decreed, enjoined
Gr2S3rS. Mn. MBh. &c. ; destined or meant for (nom.) MBh. ; contrived, performed,

made, accomplished, done Mn. MBh. &c. ; supplied, endowed, furnished with or
possessed of (instr.) MBh. R. (cf. %{su-vihita}) ; n. an order, command, decree Pan5cat.
; %{-kSaNa} mfn. eager for the right moment, intent upon (%{artham}) Vcar. (cf. %
{kRta-kS-}) ; %{-tva} n. the being enjoined or prescribed, prescription, direction Hcat. %
{-durga-racana} mfn. one who has enjoined the building of a fortress MW. ; %{pratiSiddha} mfn. enjoined and prohibited (%{-tva} n.) Ka1tyS3r. Sch. ; %{-yajJa} mfn.
performing sacrifices S3ak. (v.l. for %{vitata-y-}) ; %{-vat} mfn. one who has performed
or undertaken W. ; %{-vRtti} mfn. one who is maintained or nourished by (instr.) Ra1jat.
; %{-sena} m. N. of a prince Katha1s. ; %{-tA7gas} mfn. one who has committed a fault,
faulty, wicked W. ; %{-tA7Jjali} mfn. making a respectful obeisance S3is3. ; %{te7ndriya} mfn. possessed of one's senses Bhat2t2.
vihitaM = directed
vihitaaH = used
vihitaan.h = arranged
vihiina = without
vihiinaa = bereft
vihiti * = f. procedure, way of acting AitBr.; action, performance, accomplishment
Kvya7d. Blar.
vihri = to roam
vihvala * = mf(%{A})n. agitated , perturbed , distressed , afflicted , annoyed (%{am}

ind.) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; m. myrrh L. ; %{-cetana} (MBh.) , %{-cetas} (Katha1s.) mfn.
distressed in mind , low-spirited ; %{-tanu} mfn. one whose body is exhausted by
(comp.) Pan5cat. ; %{-tA} f. %{-tva} n. agitation , perturbation , consternation , anxiety
MBh. [1004,1] ; %{-locana} mfn. one who has unsteady or rolling eyes MBh. BhP. ; %{sA7lasA7Gga} mf(%{I})n. one whose body is exhausted and languid Caurap. ; %{hRdaya} mfn. (= %{-cetana}) BhP. ; %{-lA7kSa} mf(%{I})n. (= %{-la-locana}) ib. ; %{lA7Gga} mfn. (= %{-la-tanu}) Ma1rkP. Pan5cat. ; %{-lA7tman} mfn. (= %{-la-cetana})
BhP.
Viigana *: a fragrant grass
viihaara* = m. = {vi-h-}, a temple, sanctuary, (esp.) a Jaina or Buddhist convent or
temple W.
viijati = to fan
viiNaa* = f. (of doubtful derivation) the Vn or Indian lute (an instrument of the guitar
kind, supposed to have been invented by Nrada q.v., usually having seven wires or
strings raised upon nineteen frets or supports fixed on a long rounded board, towards the
ends of which are two large gourds; its compass is said to be two octaves, but it has many
varieties according to the number of strings &c.) TS. S'Br. &c. &c.; (in astrol.) a partic.
configuration of the stars (when all planets are situated in 7 houses) VarBriS.; lightning
L.; N. of a Yogin Cat.; of a river MBh.
viira-vantam *V= the father of good sons; [Shastri:] made me have sons
vijApita* = mfn. = %{-jJapta} Ragh. Hit.

vijapta mfn. (fr. Caus.) made known, reported, informed Katha1s. Hit.
viita = free from
viitaraagaaH = in the renounced order of life
viithi = (f) road, way
viira = the sentiment of valor
viiraJNcha = name of Brahma
viirabhadraasana = the arrow posture
viiraasana = the hero posture
viirya = vitality, enthusiasm, semen * = n. (ifc. f. {A}) manliness, valour, strength, power,
energy RV. &c. &c.; heroism, heroic deed ib.; manly vigour, virility, semen virile MBh.
Kv. &c.; efficacy (of medicine) Kum. Kir.; poison BhP.; splendour, lustre W.; dignity,
consequence ib.; ({A}) f. vigour, energy, virility L.; N. of a serpent-maid Krand.
viiryaM = valour
viiryavaan.h = very powerful
viiryaaM = glories
viiksh.h = to see

viikshante = are beholding

viikshya = having seen
vijaya4* =m. contest for victory, victory, conquest, triumph, superiority RV. &c. &c. (fig.
applied to `" the sword "' and to `" punishment "' MBh. xii, 6204; 4428); the prize of
victory, booty KtyS'r.; N. of a partic. hour of the day (esp. the 17th, and the hour of
Kriishna's birth accord. to some the 11th Muhrta) MBh. Hariv. &c.; the third month L.;
the 27th (or first) year of Jupiter's cycle VarBriS.; a kind of military array Km.; a
province, district HParis'.; (in music) a kind of flute Sangt.; a kind of measure ib.; a kind
of composition ib.; a divine car, chariot of the gods (?) L.; N. of Yama L.; of a son of
Jayanta (son of Indra) Hariv.; of a son of Vasu-deva ib.; of a son of Kriishna BhP.; of an
attendant of Vishnu ib.; of an attendant of Padmapni W.; of a son of Sva-rocis MrkP.;
of a Muni Hariv.; of a prince MBh.; of a son of Dhriitarshthra (?) ib.; of a warrior on the
side of the Pndavas ib.; of one of the eight councillors of Das'aratha R.; of Arjuna MBh.
BhP.; of a son of Jaya Hariv. Pur.; of a son of Cacu or Cucu ib.; of a son of Sanjaya
VP.; of a son of Su-deva BhP.; of a son of Purravas ib.; of a son (or grandson) of
Briihan-manas Hariv. Pur.; of a son of Yaja-s'r Pur.; of the founder of Buddhist
civilisation in Ceylon MW.; (with Jainas) N. of one of the 9 white Balas and of one of the 5
Anuttaras; of the 20th Arhat of the future and of the father of the 21st Arhat of the
present Avasarpin; of the attendant of the 8th Arhat of the same; of a son of Kalki
KalkiP.; of a son of Kalpa KlP.; of a hare Kaths.; of the lance of Rudra (personified)
MBh.; (pl.) of a people MBh.; ({A}) f. N. of various plants (accord to L. Terminalia
Chebula; Sesbania Aegyptiaca; Vitex Negundo; Rubia Munjista; Premna Spinosa; a kind
of hemp; a kind of {zamI}; = {vacA}) VarBriS. Sus'r. &c.; of a partic. Tithi or lunar day
(the 12th day in the light half of S'rvana i.e. Kriishna's birthday, the 10th in that of
s'vina, being a festival in honour of Durg, and the 7th in that of Bhdrapada, if it falls

on a Sunday; also the 7th night in the Karma-msa) VarBriS. BhP. &c.; of a partic.
magical formula Bhathth.; N. of Durg MBh. Hariv.; of a female friend of Durg Mudr.;
of the wife of Yama L.; of another goddess Cat.; of a Yogin Hcat.; of a Sura7ngan
Sinha7s.; of the mother of the 2nd Arhat of the present Avasarpin L.; of a daughter of
Daksha R.; of the mother of various Su-hotras MBh.; of Kriishna's garland MBh.; of a
Kumr (i.e. small flag-staff) on Indra's banner VarBriS.; of a partic. spear R.; n. the
poisonous root of the plant Vijay Sus'r.; a royal tent Vstuv.; a kind of pavilion ib.; N. of
a sacred district in Kas'mra Kaths. (cf. {-kSetra}); mfn. leading to victory, proclaiming
victory MBh.; victorious, triumphant L.
viivaaha *= m. = %{vi-vAha}, taking a wife, marriage (`" with "', %{saha}) HParis3.
Pan5cad.
vijayaM = victory
vijayaH = victory
vijayate = is victorious
vijayii = victorious man
vijaanataH = who is in complete knowledge
vijaani * = ({vi4-}) mfn. `" strange, foreign "' or `" having no wife "
vijaaniitaaH = are in knowledge
vijaaniiyaM = shall I understand

vijaati * =mfn. belonging to another caste or tribe, dissimilar, heterogeneous Kull.; m. N.

of a prince VP.; f. different origin or caste or tribe W.; {-tIya} mfn. = {-jAti} Sarvad. Kull.
vijala * =mfn. waterless, dry Hariv. VarBriS.; n. drought AdbhBr.; m. n. and ({A}) f.
sauce &c. mixed with rice-water or gruel, W. [950, 3]
vijara * mfn. not growing old S'Br. &c. &c.; m. a stalk W.; ({A}) f. N. of a river in
Brahm's world KaushUp.
vijitaatmaa = self-controlled
vijitendriyaH = sensually controlled
vijjanaaman*=m. N. of a Viha1ra called after Vijja1 ib.
vijaana (vijJAna) *= n. (ifc. f. %{A}) the act of distinguishing or discerning,
understanding, comprehending, recognizing, intelligence, knowledge AV. &c. &c.; skill,
proficiency, art Uttamac.; science, doctrine Sus3r.; worldly or profane knowledge (opp.
to %{jJAna}, `"knowledge of the true nature of God "') Mn. MBh. &c.; the faculty of
discernment or of right judgment MBh. R. &c.; the organ of knknowledge (= %
{manas}) BhP.; (ifc.) the understanding of (a particular meaning), regarding as Ka1s3.
on Pa1n2. 2-3, 17; 66 &c.; (with Buddhists) consciousness or thought-faculty (one of the
5 constituent elements or Skandhas, also considered as one of the 6 elements or Dha1tus,
and as one of the 12 links of the chain of causation) Dharmas. 22; 42; 58 (cf. MWB. 102;
109); %{-kanda} m. N. of a man Cat.; %{-kAya} m. N. of a Buddhist wk.; %{-kRtsna} n.
one of the 10 mystical exercises called Kr2itsnas Buddh.; %{-kevala} mfn. (with S3aivas)
an individual soul to which only %{mala} adheres Sarvad.; %{-kaumudI} f. N. of a

female Buddhist Cat.; %{-ghana4} m. pure knowledge, nothing but intelligence S3Br.
Sarvad.; %{-taraMgiNI} f. N. of wk.; %{-tA} f. knowledge of (loc.) Ca1n2.; %{-tArA7valI}
f. N. of wk.; %{-tailagarbha} m. Alangium Decapetalum L.; %{-dezana} m. a Buddha L.;
%{-naukA} f. N. of sev. wks.; %{-pati} m. a lord of intelligence TUp.; N. of one who has
attained to a partic. degree of emancipation Ba1dar. Sch.; %{-pAda} m. N. of Vya1sa L.;
%{-bhaTTAraka} m. %{-bhArata} m. %{-bhikSu} m. N. of scholars Cat.; %{-bhairava},
%{-vo7ddyota-saMgraha} m. N. of wks.; %{-ma4ya} mf(%{I})n. consisting of knowledge
or intelligence, all knknowledge, full of intellintelligence S3Br. Up. &c.; %{-ya-koSa}
m. the sheath consconsisting of intellintelligence, the intelligent sheath (of the soul
accord. to the Veda7nta) or the sheath caused by the understanding being associated
with the organs of perception MW.; %{-mAtRka} m. `" whose mother is knowledge "', a
Buddha L.; %{-yati} m. = %{-bhikSu} Cat.; %{-yogin} m. = %{vijJAne7zvara} Col.; %{latikA} f. %{-lalita} or %{-ta-tantra} n. N. of wks.; %{-vat} mfn. endowed with
intelligence Up. ChUp. Sch. Katha1s.; %{-vAda} m. the doctrine (of the Yoga7ca1ras)
that only intelligence has reality (not the objects exterior to us) Ba1dar. Sch.; %{-vAdin}
mfn. one who affirms that only intelligence has reality; m. a Yoga7ca1ra Sarvad. Buddh.;
%{-vinodinI-TIkA} f. %{-vilAsa} m. %{-zAstra} n. %{-zikSA} f. %{saMjJA-prakaraNa} n.
N. of wks.; %{-nA7kala} mfn. = %{-na-kevala} above Sarvad.; %{-nA7cArya} m. N. of a
teacher Cat.; %{-nA7tman} m. N. of an author ib.; %{-nA7ntyA7yatana} n. (with
Buddhists) N. of a world Buddh.; %{-nA7mRta} n. N. of Comm.; %{-nA7zrama} m. = %
{-nA7tman} Cat.; %{-nA7stitva-mAtra-vAdin} mfn. = %{-na-vAdin} Ba1dar. Sch.; %{nA7hAra} m. spiritual food as nourishment L.; %{-ne7zvara} m. N. of an author Cat. (%
{-tantra} n. %{-vArttika}, n. N. of wks.); %{-ne7zvarIya} n. a wk. of Vijn5a1ne7s3vara
Cat.; %{-nai9ka-skandha-vAda} m. = %{-na-vAda} above Ba1dar. Sch.
vijaananA*=f. (perhaps for %{-jAnanA} or %{-jAnatA}) perceiving, understanding L.

vijaanika*=mfn. = %{vi-jJa} or %{vaijJAnika} L.

vijaanin*=mfn. having intelligence or knowledge or science, clever, skilful, a specialist
Hcar. Katha1s. Ma1rkP.; %{-ni-tA} f. (ifc.) science or knowledge of, acquaintance with
Ka1m.
vijaaniiya*=mfn. (ifc.) treating of the science or doctrine of Sus3r.
vijrimbhin* = mfn. breaking forth, appearing Ka1v.
vijrimbhita* =mfn. yawned, gaped, opened, expanded, blown &c. (n. impers.); drawn,
bent (said of a bow) MBh. R.; sported, wantoned W.; n. yawning Gaut.; coming out,
appearance, manifestation, consequences Ka1v. Katha1s. Sarvad.; exploit Ma1lav.
[961,1]
vijvara * = mf({A})n. free from fever or pain Kaths.; free from distress or anxiety,
cheerful MBh. R. &c.; exempt from decay W.
vikaara * = m. (for 2. see {vi-} 1. {kR}) the syllable {vi} BhP.v\\ 2 m. (for 1. see p. 950,
col. 1) change of form or nature, alteration or deviation from any natural state,
transformation, modification, change (esp. for the worse) of bodily or mental condition,
disease, sickness, hurt, injury, (or) perturbation, emotion, agitation, passion S'rS. MBh.
&c. [954,3]; an apparition, spectre Kaths.; extravagance ib.; a product Gaut.; (in
Snkhya) a production or derivative from Prakriiti (there are 7 Vikras, viz. {buddhi}, `"
intellect "', {ahaM-kAra}, `" the sense of individuality "', and the 5 {tan-mAtras} q.v.;
these are also producers, inasmuch as from them come the 16 Vikras which are only
productions, viz. the 5 {mahA-bhUtAni} q.v., and the 11 organs, viz. the 5

{buddhI7ndriyANi} or organs of sense, the 5 {karme7ndriyANi} or organs of action, and

{manas}, `" the mind "') IW. 82 &c.; the derivative of a word Nir.; contortion of the face,
grimace Kaths.; change of sentiment, hostility, defection MBh. Rjat.; {-tas} ind. from
or through change MW.; {-tva} n. the state of change, transformation Veda7ntas.; {maya} mf({I})n. consisting of derivatives (from Prakriiti) Up.; {-vat} mfn. undergoing
changes Km.; {-hetu} m. `" cause of perturbation "', temptation, seduction Kum.
vikaaraM = appearance (generally, grotesque/ugly)
vikaaraan.h = transformations
vikaari = changes
vikara * = mfn. (for 2. see {vi-} 1. {kR}) deprived of hands (as a punishment) Vishn. - 1.
vikara * = 1 {vi-karaNa}. see p. 950. \\ 2 m. (for 1. see p. 950, col. 1; for 3. see {vi-kRR})
disease, sickness L.; a partic. mode of fighting Hariv. (v.l. {viSkara}). \\ 3 m. (for 1. see
p. 950, col. 1; for 2. p. 954, col. 2) an earth-pit TS. Sch.; {-rya4} mf({A4})n. being in
earth-pits ib.
vikaasaH = (m) progress, well-being, growth
vikalpa* = m. (for 2. see under %{vi-klRp}) an intermediate Kalpa, the interval between
two Kalpas (q.v.) BhP.\\ = &c. see under %{vi-klRp}.\\ 2 m. (for 1. see p. 950, col. 1)
alternation, alternative, option S3rS. Mn. VarBr2S. &c. (%{ena} ind. `" optionally "');
variation, combination, variety, diversity, manifoldness Ka1tyS3r. MBh. &c.;
contrivance, art Ragh.; difference of perception, distinction Nya1yas. BhP.; indecision,
irresolution, doubt, hesitation MBh. Ka1v. &c.; admission, statement BhP.; false notion,

fancy, imagination Yogas. Gi1t.; calculation VarBr2S.; mental occupation, thinking L.; =
%{kalpa-sthAna} Car.; a god BhP. (Sch.); (in rhet.) antithesis of opposites Prata1p.; (in
gram.) admission of an option or alternative, the allowing a rule to be observed or not at
pleasure (%{ve7ti@vikalpaH} Pa1n2. 1-1, 44 Sch.); a collateral form VarBr2S.; pl. N. of a
people MBh. (C. %{vikalya}); mfn. different BhP.; %{-jAla} "' n. a number of possible
cases, dilemma Sarvad. TPra1t. Sch.; %{-tva} n. manifoldness, variety Sus3r.; %{-vat}
mfn. undecided, doubtful Veda7ntas.; %{-sama} m. a partic. sophistical objection
Sarvad.; %{-pA7nupapatti} f. untenableness owing to a dilemma Sarvad.; %{-pA7saha}
mfn. not standing (the test of) a dilemma (%{-tva} n.) ib.; %{-po7pahAra} m. an optional
offering. MW.
vikampituM = to hesitate
vikarNaH = Vikarna
vikarmaNaH = of forbidden work
vikarSaNa * = drawing (a bow-string); taking away, removing, destroying; n. the act of
drawing or dragging asunder; the drawing (a bow-string); putting apart, distributing;
putting off eating, abstinence from food; searching, investigation; a cross-throw (in
wrestling); m. `" distractor "', one of the five arrows of Kma-deva ib.
vikala = disabled
vikalaM = not related or joined
vikalpa = imagination, fancy * = 2 m. (for 1. see p. 950, col. 1) alternation, alternative,
option S'rS. Mn. VarBriS. &c. ({ena} ind. `" optionally "'); variation, combination,

variety, diversity, manifoldness KtyS'r. MBh. &c.; contrivance, art Ragh.; difference of
perception, distinction Nyyas. BhP.; indecision, irresolution, doubt, hesitation MBh.
Kv. &c.; admission, statement BhP.; false notion, fancy, imagination Yogas. Gt.;
calculation VarBriS.; mental occupation, thinking L.; = {kalpa-sthAna} Car.; a god BhP.
(Sch.); (in rhet.) antithesis of opposites Pratp.; (in gram.) admission of an option or
alternative, the allowing a rule to be observed or not at pleasure ({ve7ti vikalpaH} Pn. 11, 44 Sch.); a collateral form VarBriS.; pl. N. of a people MBh. (C. {vikalya}); mfn.
different BhP.; {-jAla} "' n. a number of possible cases, dilemma Sarvad. TPrt. Sch.; {tva} n. manifoldness, variety Sus'r.; {-vat} mfn. undecided, doubtful Veda7ntas.; {sama} m. a partic. sophistical objection Sarvad.; {-pA7nupapatti} f. untenableness owing
to a dilemma Sarvad.; {-pA7saha} mfn. not standing (the test of) a dilemma ({-tva} n.)
ib.; {-po7pahAra} m. an optional offering. MW.
vikalpana * = m. a contriver, composer Cat.; n. and ({A}) f. allowing an option or
alternative Pacar. Kr. on Pn.; the use of a collateral form VarBriS. Sch.; distinction
(pl. = different opinions) Sarvad.; false notion or assumption, fancy, imagination BhP.;
indecision MW.; inconsideration ib.
vikara * =mfn. (for 2. see {vi-} 1. {kR}) deprived of hands (as a punishment) Vishn. - 1.
\\2 m. (for 1. see p. 950, col. 1; for 3. see {vi-kRR}) disease, sickness L.; a partic. mode of
fighting Hariv. (v.l. {viSkara}). \\ 3 m. (for 1. see p. 950, col. 1; for 2. p. 954, col. 2) an
earth-pit TS. Sch.; {-rya4} mf({A4})n. being in earth-pits ib.
vi4-kaara * =m. (for 2. see {vi-} 1. {kR}) the syllable {vi} BhP.
vi-kaara * =2 m. (for 1. see p. 950, col. 1) change of form or nature, alteration or
deviation from any natural state, transformation, modification, change (esp. for the

worse) of bodily or mental condition, disease, sickness, hurt, injury, (or) perturbation,
emotion, agitation, passion S'rS. MBh. &c. [954, 3]; an apparition, spectre Kaths.;
extravagance ib.; a product Gaut.; (in Snkhya) a production or derivative from Prakriiti
(there are 7 Vikras, viz. {buddhi}, `" intellect "', {ahaM-kAra}, `" the sense of
individuality "', and the 5 {tan-mAtras} q.v.; these are also producers, inasmuch as from
them come the 16 Vikras which are only productions, viz. the 5 {mahA-bhUtAni} q.v.,
and the 11 organs, viz. the 5 {buddhI7ndriyANi} or organs of sense, the 5
{karme7ndriyANi} or organs of action, and {manas}, `" the mind "') IW. 82 &c.; the
derivative of a word Nir.; contortion of the face, grimace Kaths.; change of sentiment,
hostility, defection MBh. Rjat.; {-tas} ind. from or through change MW.; {-tva} n. the
state of change, transformation Veda7ntas.; {-maya} mf({I})n. consisting of derivatives
(from Prakriiti) Up.; {-vat} mfn. undergoing changes Km.; {-hetu} m. `" cause of
perturbation "', temptation, seduction Kum.
vikatthana * = mfn. boasting, a boaster, braggart MBh. R. &c.; praising ironically W.; n.
and ({A}) f. the act of boasting or vaunting or praising MBh. Das'. Kaths. &c.; irony W.;
{-tva} n. boastfulness Rjat.
vikhanana * = n. digging up Nir.
vikhaanasa * = m. (prob.) `" one who digs up (scil. roots) "'N. of a Muni S'ak. Sch. (cf.
{vaikhAnasa}).
vikarsha *= m. the drawing (a bow-string) R.; parting or dragging or drawing asunder
(as in the separation of semivowel-combinations &c.) RPra1t. Nid.; distance Gobh. Nir.;
an arrow L.

vikarshaNa * = mfn. drawing (a bow-string) MBh.; taking away, removing, destroying

BhP.; n. the act of drawing or dragging asunder MBh. Sus3r.; the drawing (a bow-string)
MBh. Hariv. S3is3.; putting apart, distributing MBh. BhP.; putting off eating, abstinence
from food MBh.; searching, investigation Ka1m.; a cross-throw (in wrestling) MW.; m.
`" distractor "', one of the five arrows of Ka1ma-d2eva ib.
vikirati = to cast a net
vikiirNa = scattered
vikiriDa * = (Kthh.), {-rida} (TS.), {-ridra} (VS.), mfn. applied to Rudra (accord. to
Sch. `" averting wounds "' or `" sending off arrows "'). [954, 2]
vi-kIrNa * = mfn. scattered, thrown about, dispersed &c.; dishevelled (as hair) Kum. (cf.
comp.); filled with, full of (comp.) MBh.; celebrated, famous W.; n. a partic. fault in the
pronunciation of vowels Pat.; {-keza} or {-mUrdhaja}, having dishevelled hair MW. (cf.
above); {-roman} or {-saMjJa} n. a kind of fragrant plant L.
vi-kira * = {vi-kiraNa}, {vi-kIrNa} &c. see under {vi-kRR}.
vi-kira * = m. scattering or anything scattered L.; a scattered portion of rice (offered to
conciliate beings hostile to sacrifice) Mn. iii, 245; `" scatterer "', a kind of gallinaceous
bird past.; a partic. Agni ib.; water trickled through Sus'r. ({cikira} Bhpr.)
vi-kiraNa * = n. scattering, strewing Kull. on Mn. iii, 245; m. a partic. Samdhi Buddh.
(v.l. {vikiriNa})
viklava *= mf({A})n. overcome with fear or agitation, confused, perplexed, bewildered,

alarmed, distressed MBh. Kv. &c.; timid, shy Megh. Sis'.; (ifc.) disgusted with, averse
from S'ak.; faltering (as speech) R.; unsteady (as gait) S'ak.; impaired (as senses)
Ks'Kh.; exhausted Kaths.; n. agitation, bewilderment R. BhP.; {-tA} f. {-tva} n.
agitation, confusion, alarm, fear, timidity, irresolution MBh. Kv. &c.; {-vA7nana} mfn.
one whose face is troubled or sorrowful R.
viklavaya *= Nom. P. %{-yati}, to render despondent, depress Ba1lar.
viklidha *= mfn. moist with perspiration (others `" having projecting teeth "' or `"
leprous "') Br. S3rS. (Sch.)
vikraantaH = mighty
vikraama* = m. a step's width TBr. [956,1]
vikrama * = m. (for see %{vi-kram}) the absence of the Krama-pa1t2ha (q.v.) RPra1t.
\\2 m. (for 1. see p. 950, col. 1) a step, stride, pace S3Br. &c. &c.; going, proceeding,
walking, motion, gait MBh. Ka1s3. &c.; course, way, manner (%{anukrama-vikrameNa}
= %{anukrameNa}, in regular order) MBh.; valour, courage, heroism, power, strength
ib. Ka1v. &c. (%{-maM-kR}, to display prowess, use one's strength); force, forcible
means ib. (%{-mAt} ind. by force; %{nA7sti@vikrameNa}, it cannot be done by force);
intensity, high degree VarBr2S.; stability, duration (opp. to `" cessation "') BhP.; a kind
of grave accent TPra1t.; non-change of the Visarga into an U1shman RPra1t.; the 14th
year in the 60 years cycle of Jupiter VarBr2S.; the 3rd astrological house ib.; a foot L.; N.
of Vishn2u MBh.; of the son of Vasu Katha1s.; of a son of Vatsa-pri1 Ma1rkP.; of a son of
Kanaka Cat.; of various authors (also with %{bhaTTa}) Cat.; = %{candragupta} ib.; = %
{vikramA7ditya} Pan5cad.; N. of a town Cat.; %{-karman} n. an act of prowess, feat of

valour MW.; %{-kesarin} m. N. of a king of Pa1t2ali-putra Katha1s. [955,3]; of a minister

of Mr2iga7n3ka-datta ib.; %{-caNDa} m. N. of a king of Va1ra1n2asi1 ib.; %{-candrikA}
f. N. of a drama; %{-carita} or %{-caritra} n. N. of 32 stories describing the acts of
Vikrama7ditya (also called %{siMhA7sana-dvAtriMzat} q.v.); %{-tuGga} m. N. of a
prince of Pa1t2ali-putra Katha1s.; of a prince of Vikrama-pura ib.; %{-deva} m. N. of
Candra-gupta Inscr.; %{-nare7zvara} m. = %{vikramA7ditya} Sin6ha7s.; %{-navaratna} n. `" the 9 jewels (on the court) of Vikrama7ditya "' N. of wk.; %{-nidhi} m. N. of a
warrior Katha1s.; %{-paTTana} n. `" VVikrama7ditya's town "'N. of Ujjayini1 Cat.; %{pati} m. = %{vikramA7ditya} Ca1n2.; %{-pura} n. (Katha1s.), %{-purI} f. (Buddh.) N. of
a town (prob. = %{-paTTana}); %{-prabandha} m. N. of wk.; %{-bAhu} m. N. of various
princes Ratna7v. Cat.; %{-bhArata}, a modern collection of legends about Vikrama7ditya
and of Pauranic stories; %{-rAja} m. N. of a king Ra1jat.; %{-rAjan} m. = %
{vikramA7ditya} Vcar.; %{-rddhi} (for %{Rddhi}) m. (with %{kavi}) N. of a poet Cat.; %
{-lAJchana} m. id. ib.; %{-zakti} m. N. of various men of the warrior-caste Katha1s.; %{zIla} m. N. of a king Ma1rkP.; of a monastery Buddh.; %{-sabhA} f. VVikrama7ditya's
court Sin6ha7s.; %{-siMha} m. N. of a king of Ujjayini1 Ma1rkP.; of a king of Ujjayini1
ib.; %{-sena} m. N. of a kking of pratisht2ha1na Katha1s. (%{-na-campU} f. N. of a
poem); %{-sthAna} n. a walking-place, promenade, Kr2ishn2aj.; %{-mA7Gka} (or %{deva}) m. N. of a king of Kalya1n2a (also called Tribhuvana-malla; of the 11th century
A.D. and was celebrated by Bilhan2a in the Vikrama7n3ka-deva-carita); %{-mA7ditya}
m. see below; %{-mA7rka} m. = %{vikramA7ditya} (%{-carita}, %{-caritra} n. = %
{vikrama-c}); %{-mA7rjita} mfn. acquired by valour W.; %{-me7za} m. N. of a Buddhist
saint W.; %{-mezvara} m. (with Buddh.) N. of one of the 8 Vi7ta-ra1gas W.; of a temple
built by Vikrama7ditya Ra1jat.; %{-mo7daya} n. N. of wk.; %{-mo7pA7khyAna} n. = %
{vikrama-carita}; %{-mo7rvazI} f. `" valour-(won) Urvas3i1 "'N. of a celebrated drama
by Ka1lida1sa.

vikramaNa n. striding, a step, pace, stride (esp. of Vishn2u) RV. &c. &c. ; bold advance,
courage, heroism, strength, power MBh. ; (with Pa1s3upatas) supernatural power (%{dharmi-tva} n. the being possessed of the above power) Sarvad. ; the conforming to the
rules of the Krama-pa1t2ha (q.v.) RPra1t.
vikrayaNa * = the act of selling
vikri = modify, alter
vikriita * = mfn. sold Mn. MBh. &c.; m. N. of a Praja1-pati R. (v.l. %{vi-kRta} and %{vikrAnta}); n. sale Mn. viii, 165.
vikriDa* = mfn. (applied to Rudra) MaitrS.
vikriiDa* = m. a play-ground Hariv.; a plaything, toy HParis'.; ({A}) f. play, sport BhP.
vikrita = Ugly * = mfn. transformed, altered, changed &c.; (esp.) deformed, disfigured,
mutilated, maimed, unnatural, strange, extraordinary Mn. MBh. &c.; unaccomplished,
incomplete RV. ii, 33, 6; ugly (as a face) MBh.; estranged, rebellious, disloyal, hostile ib.;
decorated, embellished, set with (comp.) ib.; (with %{vadha} m.) capital punishment
with mutilation Mn. ix, 291; sick, diseased. L.; m. the 24th year in Jupiter's cycle of 60
years VarBr2S.; N. of a Praja1-pati R. (v.l. %{vi-krIta} and %{vi-krAnta}); of a demon
(the son of Pari-varta) Ma1rkP.; (%{A}) f. N. of a Yogini1 Hcat.; n. change, alteration
Vop.; disgust, aversion W.; misshaped offspring, abortion Mn. ix, 247; untimely silence
caused by embarrassment Sa1h. (v.l. %{vi-hRta}); %{-janana-zAnti-vidhAna} n. N. of a
ch. of the Padma-pura1n2a; %{-tva} n. the state of being changed, transformation
S3am2k.; %{-daMSTra} m. N. of a Vidya1-dhara Katha1s.; %{-darzana} mfn. changed in

appearance MBh. R.; %{-buddhi} mfn. changed in mind, estranged, made unfriendly or
ill-disposed MW.; %{-rakta} mfn. dyed red, red-stained (as a garment) Bhpr.; %{locana} mfn. having troubled eyes MW.; %{-vadana} mfn. having a distorted face, uglyfaced W.; %{-veSin} mfn. having an unusual dress BhP.; %{-tA7kAra} mfn. changed in
form or appearance, misshaped, distorted in form MBh.; %{-tA7kRti} mfn. having a
deformed shape or aspect Mn. xi, 52; %{-tA7kSa} mfn. blind Pa1n2. 6-3, 3 Va1rtt. 2 Pat.;
%{-tA7Gga} mfn. changed in form, having misshaped limbs, deformed W.; %{-tA7nana}
mfn. = %{-ta-vadana} above MBh.; %{-mUrdhaja} mfn. having a disturbed face and
dishevelled hair ib.; %{-to7dara} m. N. of a Ra1kshasa R
vikritavahaa = Ugly porter
vikriti f. change, alteration, modification, variation, changed condition (of body or
mind; acc. with %{gam}, %{yA}, %{vraj}, or %{pra-pad}, to undergo a change, be
changed) MBh. Ka1v. &c.; sickness, disease L.; perturbation, agitation, emotion MBh.
Katha1s. &c.; alienation, hostility, defection Ka1m. Pan5cat.; a verse changed in a partic.
manner S3Br. Ka1tyS3r.; an apparition, phantom, spectre Katha1s.; any production (ifc.
anything made of) MBh. Sus3r.; (in Sa1m2khya) = 2. %{vi-kAra}; (in gram.) a derivative
Nir.; formation, growth, development AitBr.; abortion Sus3r. (v.l. %{vaikRta}); = %
{Dimba} L.; = %{pralApa} Harav. Sch.; N. of a class of metres Pin3g.; m. N. of a son of
Ji1mu1ta VP.; %{-kaumudI} f. %{-pradIpikA} f. N. of wks.; %{-mat} mfn. liable to
change S3ak.; indisposed, ill Nalo7d.; %{-hautra} n. N. of wk.
vikriiNiite = to sell
vikrtaacharaNii = adj. mentally disturbed behaviour

vikriyaa * =transformation, change, modification, altered or unnatural condition Kv.

Pur. Sus'r.; change for the worse, deterioration, disfigurement, deformity R.; ailment,
indisposition, affection R. Das'. Sus'r. [955, 1]; perturbation, agitation, perplexity MBh.
Kv. &c.; hostile feeling, rebellion, defection, alienation Hariv. Kv. Kaths.; injury,
harm, failure, misadventure (acc. with {yA}, to suffer injury, undergo failure) ib.;
extinction (of a lamp) Kaths.; a strange or unwonted phenomenon ib.; any product or
preparation Mn. Yj. MrkP.; contraction, knitting (of the brows; see {bhrU-v-});
bristling (of the hair; see {roma-v-}); {-yo7pamA} f. a kind of simile (in which the object
of comparison is represented as produced from that to which it is compared e.g. `" thy
face, O fair one, seems to be cut out from the disc of the moon "') Kvya7d. ii, 41.
vikhyaata = famousviMsati = (adj) twenty
vikrodha * = mfn. free from anger or wrath pGri.
vIksha * = m. sight, seeing W.; ({A}) f. id. R.; investigation Cat.; knowledge, intelligence
BhP.; unconsciousness, fainting L. [1004, 3]; n. surprise, astonishment W.; any visible
object ib.; {-kSA7panna} (or {-kSA7p-}) mfn. astonished, surprised ib.; {-kSA7raNyamAhAtmya} n. N. of wk.
vikshipta = mental aggitation
vikship * = P. . {-kSipati}, {-te}, to throw asunder or away or about, cast hither and
thither, scatter, disperse MBh. Kv. &c.; to remove, destroy (pain) Sus'r.; to extend,
stretch out ib.; to bend (a bow), draw (a bow-string) MBh. R.; to handle, manage Ks'.
on Pn. 2-3, 57; to separate Sryas.; to cause to deviate in latitude ib.

vikshipta * = mfn. thrown asunder or away or about, scattered &c.; distorted, contracted
(see comp.); agitated, bewildered, distraught Sarvad.; frustrated (see {a-v-}); sent,
dispatched W.; refuted, falsified ib.; projected MW. (see {vi-kSepa}); n. the being
dispersed in different places RPrt. Sch.; {-citta} mfn. distraught in mind Madhus.; {bhrU} mfn. having contracted eyebrows BhP.; {-tendriya-dhI} mfn. bewildered in senses
and mind BhP.
vikshiptaka * = n. a dead body which has been torn asunder or lacerated Buddh.
vikshepa = confusion; v* = m. the act of throwing asunder or away or about, scattering,
dispersion MrkP. Dhtup.; casting, throwing, discharging Ragh. VP.; moving about or
to and fro, waving, shaking, tossing MBh. Kv. &c.; drawing (a bow-string) Hariv.;
letting loose, indulging (opp. to {saMyama}) BhP.; letting slip, neglecting (time) L.;
inattention, distraction, confusion, perplexity MaitrUp. Yogas. Mlatm.; extension,
projection Veda7ntas. (see {-zakti}); abusing, reviling Bhar.; compassion, pity Das'ar.;
celestial or polar latitude Sryas.; a kind of weapon MBh. (Nlak.); a camp, cantonment
(?) Buddh.; a kind of disease Cat.; sending, dispatching W.; refuting an argument ib.; {dhruva} m. (in astron.) the greatest inclination of a planet's orbit W.; {-lipi} m. a kind of
writing Lalit.; {-vRtta} n. = {kSepa-v-} Gol.; {-zakti} f. (in phil.) the projecting power (of
My or A-vidy i.e. that power of projection which raises upon the soul enveloped by it
the appearance of an external world) Veda7ntas. ({-ti-mat} mfn. endowed with the above
power ib.); {-pA7dhipati} m. the chief of a camp or cantonment (?) Buddh.
vikshubh * = A1. %{-kSobhate} &c. (Ved. inf. %{vi-kSobdhos} S3Br.), to be shaken
about or agitated or disturbed AV. BhP. ; to confuse, disturb S3Br.: Caus. %{kSobhayati}, to agitate, disturb, throw into disorder or confusion MBh. R. Sus3r.

vikuNTha *= mfn. sharp, keen, penetrating, irresistible BhP.; very blunt (%{a-v-},
sharp &c.) ib.; m. N. of Vishn2u MBh. BhP.; N. of Vishn2u's heaven BhP.; %{-Thana} m.
N. of a son of Hastin MBh.; (%{A}) f. inward glance, mental concentration L.; %{-Thita}
mfn. see %{vi-kuNTh}.
vikup * = only Caus. %{-kopayati}, to disturb DivyA7v.
vilap P. %{-lapati} (rarely A1. inf. %{-lapiturn} , or %{-laptum} pr.p. %{-lapyat} MBh.
vii , 2681) , to utter moaning sounds , wail , lament , bewail (acc. with or without %
{prati}) AV. &c. &c. ; to speak variously , talk , chatter MBh. Hariv.: Caus. %{-lApayati} ,
%{-te} , to cause to mourn or lament AV. (cf. Pa1n2. 1-4 , 52 , Vartt. 3 Sch.) ; to cause to
speak much (A1.) Bhat2t2.: Intens. (only p. %{-lA4lapat}) , to talk idly MaitrS.
vilaapana * = mfn. (for 2. see under %{vi-lI}) causing moaning or lamentation (as a
weapon) R. Hariv. ; m. N. of one of S3iva's attendants Hariv. ; n. the act of causing
moaning or llamentation MBh. xii, 6113 (= %{nAza} Ni1lak.) ; m.c. = %{-vi-lapana},
wail, llamentation BhP.\\ 2 mf(%{I})n. (fr. Caus. ; for 1 see under %{vi-lap})
dissolving, destroying, removing Sus3r. ; melting, liquefying (see %{Ajaya-vilA4panI}) ;
n. destruction, death BhP. ; a means of destruction VP. ; melting or a means of melting
ib. ; a partic. product of milk VarYogay. (cf. %{vi-layana}).
vilagnaaH = becoming attached
vilajja* = mfn. shameless BhP
vilajjita * = mfn. ashamed, abashed ib.
vilapana n. wailing, lamenting Uttarar. Hit. ; talking idly or wildly W. ; the dirt or

sediment of any oily substance (as of clarified butter, &c.) Ya1jn5. Sch. ; %{-vinoda} m.
removing grief by weeping Uttarar.
vilasita* = mfn. gleaming, glittering, shining forth, appearing BhP.; played, sported (n.
also impers.) Ka1v. Katha1s.; moving to and fro BhP.; n. flashing, quivering (of
lightning) Vikr. Prab.; appearing, manifestation (%{vidyA}, %{v-} manifestation of
knowledge) Cat.; sport play, pastime, dalliance Ka1v. Katha1s.; any action or gesture
Ragh.
vilayamaM = extinct
vilaya * = m. dissolution, liquefaction, disappearance, death, destruction (esp.
ddestruction of the world) MBh. Kv. &c. (acc. with {gam}, {yA}, {vraj} &c. to be
dissolved, end; with Caus. of {gam}, to dissolve, destroy)
vilepana = smearing
viliGga* = n. absence of marks; mfn. of a different gender Pat.; {-stha} mfn. not to be
understood MBh. ii, 845. - 1.
.), to scratch, scrape, tear up, lacerate Lthy. MBh. &c.; to rub against, reach to, touch
Hariv.; to wound (the heart) i.e. vex, offend S'Br.; to scratch in or on, make a furrow or
mark, write, delineate, paint Gol. MBh. &c.; (in medicine) to tear up i.e. stir up (phlegm
&c.) Car.: Caus. {-lekhayati}, or {-likhApayati}, to cause to scratch or write, Kriishnaj.
vilikhana* = n. the act of scraping, scratching &c. Blar.
vilikhita* = mfn. scratched, scraped, scarified Pacat.

viligii* = f. a kind of serpent AV.

vilinaatha* = m. (with {kavi}) N. of a poet (author of the drama Madana-majar) Cat.
vilimpita* = mfn. (fr. Caus.) smeared, anointed L.
vilimpita* mfn. (fr. Caus.) smeared, anointed
viliptaa* = or f. a second (= 1/3600 of a degree) Ganit. - 1.
viliptikaa* = f. a second (= 1/3600 of a degree) Ganit. - 1. vilikh* = P. {-likhati} (Ved. inf.
{-likhas}; cf. Pn. 3-4, 13 Sch
vilip* = P. . {-limpati}, {-te}, to smear or spread over, anoint (also `" to anoint one's self
"' P.) S'Br. &c. &c.; to smear or spread with (instr.) Kum.: Caus. {-lepayati}, to smear or
anoint with (instr.) Hcat.; {-limpayati} see {-limpita}.
vilis'* = . {-lizate}, to become out of joint, be disarranged or disordered, break off,
become rent or torn TS. S'Br.
vilisteGgaa* = f. N. of a Dnavi Kthh.
vilishtha* = mfn. (cf. {vi-riSTa}) broken off, out of due order VS. KtySr.; {-bheSaja} n. a
remedy for fractures or dislocation AV. Paipp.
vilih* = P. . {-leDhi}, {-lIDhe}, to lick, lick up, lap MBh. BhP. Sus'r.: Intens. (only p. {lelihat} and {-hAna}), to lick continually or repeatedly MBh.

vilii* = . {-lIyate} (pf. {-lilyuh} MBh.; fut. {-letA}, or {-lAtA}; ind. p. {-lIya} or {-lAya}
Pn. 6-1, 51 Sch.), to cling or cleave or adhere to MBh. Ratna7v. Sis'.; to hide or conceal
one's self, disappear MBh. Kv. &c.; to be dissolved, melt AV. &c. &c.: Caus. {-lApayati}
or {-lAyayati} or {-lAlayati} or {-lInayati} (Pn. 7-3, 39 Sch.), to cause to disappear,
destroy Sank.; to cause to be dissolved or absorbed in (loc.) BhP. Sch.; to make liquid,
dissolve, melt Sus'r.
viliina* = mfn. clinging or sticking or attached to, fixed on, immersed in (loc. or comp.)
Kv. Pacar.; (ifc.) alighted or perched on (said of birds) Kaths.; sticking (see comp.);
hidden, disappeared, perished, absorbed in (loc.) MaitrUp. MBh. &c.; dissolved, melted,
liquefied ChUp. Kaths. Sus'r.; contiguous to, united or blended with W.; infused into the
mind, imagined ib.; {-SaTpada} mfn. having bees clinging or attached MW.; {nA7kSaram} ind. so that the sound sticks (in the throat) Bhartri.
viliiyana* = n. melting (intrans.) pS'r. Sch.
viiLita* = mfn. made strong, strengthened, firm, hard RV. [1005,1]
vilipta* = mf({A})n. smeared over, anointed &c.; ({A}) f. see p. 952, col. 2; ({I4}) f. a cow
in a partic. period after calving AV.
vilokayataaM = of those who are seeing
vilokya = on seeing
viloma = against the natural order of things
vilulita *= mfn. ( %{lul} ; cf. %{vi-luD}) moved hither and thither Vikr. ; shaken down,

falling down, shed Uttarar. BhP. ; shaken, agitated, disordered, disarranged MBh. Ka1v.
&c. ; %{-tA7laka} mfn. having dishevelled hair R2itus.
vimaana* = mfn. (for 2. see {vi-man}) devoid of honour, disgraced BhP. \\2 m. (for 1.
see p. 951, col. 3; for 3. under {vi-mA}) disrespect, dishonour (see {a-vi mana})\\3
mf({I})n. (for 1. see p. 951, col. 3; for 2, under {vi-man}) measuring out, traversing RV.
AV. MBh.; m. n. a car or chariot of the gods, any mythical self-moving aerial car
(sometimes serving as a seat or throne, sometimes self-moving and carrying its occupant
through the air; other descriptions make the Vimna more like a house or palace, and
one kind is said to be 7 stories high; that of Rvana was called {puSpaka} q.v.; the {nauv-} [Ragh. xvi, 68] is thought to resemble a ship) MBh. Kv. &c.; any car or vehicle (esp.
a bier) Rjat. vii, 446; the palace of an emperor or supreme monarch (esp. one with 7
stories) MBh. Kv. &c.; a temple or shrine of a partic. form VarBriS.; a kind of tower (?)
R. v, 52, 8; a grove Jtakam.; a ship, boat L.; a horse L.; n. measure RV.; extension ib.;
(in med.) the science of (right) measure or proportion (e.g. of the right relation between
the humours of the body, of medicines and remedies &c.) Car.; {-gamana} n. `" going in
a car "'N. of a ch. of the GanP.; {cArin} mfn. travelling in a celestial car MW.; {-cyuta}
mfn. fallen from a celcelestial car Rjat.; {-tA} f. {-tva} n. the state or condition of a
celcelestial car Kv. Kaths.; {-nirvyUha} m. a partic. Samidhi Krand.; {-pAla} m. the
guardian of a celcelestial car MBh.; {-pratima} mfn. resembling a celcelestial car
MBh.; {-prabhu-tA} f. the ownership of a celcelestial car MW.; {-mAhAtmya} n. N. of a
ch. of the VP.; {-yAna} mf({A})n. going or driving in a celcelestial car BhP.; {-rAja} m.
the driver of a celestial car MW.; {-lakSaNa} n. N. of wk. on architecture; {-vat} ind. like
a self-moving car Kir.; {-vidyA} f. {-suddhi-pUjA} f. N. of wks.; {-stha} mfn. standing on
a celcelestial car MW.; {-sthAna} n. N. of awk. on medicine.
vimaanam.h = (n) an aircraft, plane

vimaanana * = n. (and {A} f.) disrespect, contempt, slight, humiliation MBh. Kv. &c.;
refusal, denial Sus'r.
vimaanaka * = (ifc.) = {vi-mAna}, a celestial car Kaths.; a seven-storied palace or tower
R
vimana* = mfn. (m. c.) = {vi-manas}, dejected, downcast R. vimanaaya * = Nom. . {-yate}, to be out of one's mind, be disconsolate or downcast
Naish. Sh.
vimaanya * = mfn. to be dishonoured or offended S3ak.
vimanaska * = mfn. perplexed in mind, distressed, disconsolate MBh. R. &c.
vimanas * = ({vi4-}) mfn. having a keen or penetrating mind or understanding,
sagacious RV. x, 82, 2. - 2.
vi4-manas * = * =mfn. destitute of mind, foolish, silly RV. viii, 86, 2; out of one's mind or
senses, discomposed, perplexed, dejected, downcast, heart-broken Yj. MBh. &c.;
changed in mind or feeling, averse, hostile R.; m. N. of the author of a hymn (v.l. for
{vizva-manas} q.v.)
vi-manas * =1. 2 {vi-manthara}, {vimanyu} &c. see p. 951, col. 3.
vi4-mana * =mfn. (m. c.) = {vi-manas}, dejected, downcast R. - 1.
vimarsha* = m. irritation, impatience, displeasure W

vimatsaraH = free from envy

vimath* = (or {manth}) P. . {-mathati}, {-te}, {-mathnAti}, {-nIte} &c. (in Veda
generally .; inf. {-mathitos} AitBr.; {-tum} BhP.), to tear off, snatch away TS. S'Br.; to
tear or break in pieces, rend asunder, bruise ib. AitBr. Kthh.; to cut in pieces, disperse,
scatter MBh. R.; to confuse, perplex, bewilder BhP.
vimathita *= mfn. crushed or dashed to pieces, scattered, dispersed, destroyed
S'nkhS'r. MBh. &c. [979, 3]
vimatta * = mfn. discomposed, perplexed AitBr.; being in rut, ruttish ib. Kir.; intoxicated
MW.
vi4-maana * = mfn. (for 2. see {vi-man}) devoid of honour, disgraced BhP. \\ * = 2 m.
(for 1. see p. 951, col. 3; for 3. under {vi-mA}) disrespect, dishonour (see {a-vi mana}). \\
* = 3 mf({I})n. (for 1. see p. 951, col. 3; for 2, under {vi-man}) measuring out, traversing
RV. AV. MBh.; m. n. a car or chariot of the gods, any mythical self-moving aerial car
(sometimes serving as a seat or throne, sometimes self-moving and carrying its occupant
through the air; other descriptions make the Vimna more like a house or palace, and
one kind is said to be 7 stories high; that of Rvana was called {puSpaka} q.v.; the {nauv-} [Ragh. xvi, 68] is thought to resemble a ship) MBh. Kv. &c.; any car or vehicle (esp.
a bier) Rjat. vii, 446; the palace of an emperor or supreme monarch (esp. one with 7
stories) MBh. Kv. &c.; a temple or shrine of a partic. form VarBriS.; a kind of tower (?)
R. v, 52, 8; a grove Jtakam.; a ship, boat L.; a horse L.; n. measure RV.; extension ib.;
(in med.) the science of (right) measure or proportion (e.g. of the right relation between
the humours of the body, of medicines and remedies &c.) Car.; {-gamana} n. `" going in
a car "'N. of a ch. of the GanP.; {cArin} mfn. travelling in a celestial car MW.; {-cyuta}

mfn. fallen from a celcelestial car Rjat.; {-tA} f. {-tva} n. the state or condition of a
celcelestial car Kv. Kaths.; {-nirvyUha} m. a partic. Samidhi Krand.; {-pAla} m. the
guardian of a celcelestial car MBh.; {-pratima} mfn. resembling a celcelestial car
MBh.; {-prabhu-tA} f. the ownership of a celcelestial car MW.; {-mAhAtmya} n. N. of a
ch. of the VP.; {-yAna} mf({A})n. going or driving in a celcelestial car BhP.; {-rAja} m.
the driver of a celestial car MW.; {-lakSaNa} n. N. of wk. on architecture; {-vat} ind. like
a self-moving car Kir.; {-vidyA} f. {-suddhi-pUjA} f. N. of wks.; {-stha} mfn. standing on
a celcelestial car MW.; {-sthAna} n. N. of awk. on medicine.
vimris'ya = deliberating
vimris'a * = m. reflection, consideration, deliberation ib.
vimochana = freedom
vimohayati = bewilders
vimohitaaH = deluded
vimohini * = bewilderer
vimokshaNaat.h = giving up
vimokshaaya = meant for liberation
vimokshyase = you will be liberated
vimriga* = mfn. containing no deer (as a forest) R

vimuchya = being delivered from

vimuc* = 1 P. . {-muJcati}, {-te} (Impv. {-mumoktu} RV. i, 24, 13), to unloose,
unharness (. `" one's own horses "'), unyoke (i.e. make to halt, cause to stop or rest "')
RV. &c. &c.; to take off (clothes, ornaments &c.) MBh. Kv. &c.; to release, set free,
liberate ib.; to leave, abandon, quit, desert, give up, relinquish ib.; to shun, avoid
MundUp. Bhag. &c.; to lose (consciousness) Hariv.; to pardon, forgive Gt. BhP.; to emit,
discharge, shed, pour or send forth MBh. R. Pacat. (with {grastam}, to set free a seized
planet i.e. `" free it from eclipse "' Sryas.); to throw, hurl, cast (with {AtmAnam} and
loc., `" to cast one's self into "' Uttarar.) MBh. R. &c.; to utter (a sound) MBh.; to assume
(a shape) Mn. i, 56; to lay (eggs) Pacat. i, 353/354/; Pass. {-mucyate}, to be unloosed
or detached &c.; to be slackened (as reins) S'ak.; to drop or be expelled (prematurely, as
a fetus) Sus'r.; to be freed or delivered or released (esp. from the bonds of existence), get
rid of, escape from (abl. adv. in {-tas} gen., or instr.) Mn. MBh. &c.; to be deprived of
(instr.) Hit.: Caus. {-mocayati}, to loosen, detach S'ak.; to unyoke Kaus'.; to set free,
deliver from (abl.) Mn. MBh. &c.; to keep off, avoid R.: Desid. {-mumukSati}, {-te}, to
wish to liberate (. `" one's self "') BhP.
vimuc* =2 f. unyoking, alighting, stopping, putting up RV. ({vimuco napAt}, `" son of
unyoking "'N. of Pshan as "' conductor on the way to the next world "' ib.)
vimuJNchati = one gives up
vimuhyati = one is bewildered
vimuuDha = foolish

vimuuDhaH = bewildered
vimuuDhabhaavaH = bewilderment
vimuuDhaaH = foolish persons
vimuuDhaan.h = perfectly befooledvinaas'a* = m. utter loss, annihilation, perdition,
destruction, decay, death, removal TPrt. Up. MBh. &c.; {-kRt} mfn. (ifc.) causing
destruction of, destroying Yj.; {-dharman} mfn. subject to the law of decay Ragh. viii,
10 (v.l. {-min}; but cf. Pn. 5-4, 124); {-sambhava} m. a source of destruction, cause of
the subsequent non-existence of a composite body ({avayavin}) MW.; {-hetu} mfn. being
the cause of death Sus'r.; {-zA7nta} m. `" end (caused by) destruction "', death MBh.;
mfn. ending in death ib.; {-zo7nmukha} mfn. ready to perish, fully ripe or mature L.
vimuktaH = liberated
vimuktaanaaM = of those who are liberated
vimuktaiH = by one who has become free from
vimuja * = (%{vi4-}) mf(%{A})n. without a sheath S3Br.
vimuca V*= give up, cast of
vina = without
vinaa *= or %{vinA4} ind. (prob. a kind of instr. of 3. %{vi}) without, except, short or
exclusive of (preceded or followed by an acc. instr., rarely abl.; cf. Pa1n2. 2-3, 32;

exceptionally ifc., e g. %{zuci-vinA}, without honesty, %{satya-v-}, without faith Subh.)

AV. xx, 136, 13 (not in manuscript) Mn. MBh. &c. (sometimes %{vinA} is used
pleonastically, e.g. %{natad@asti@vinA@deva@yat@te@virahitaM@hare}, `" there is
nothing, O god Hari, that is without thee "' Hariv. 14966).
vinankshyasi = you will be lost
vinadya = vibrating
vinaya = humility\\* =vinaya 2 mfn. (for 1. see p. 969) leading away or asunder,
separating RV. ii, 24, 9; cast, thrown L.; secret L.; m. taking away, removal, withdrawal
S'is'. x, 42; leading, guidance, training (esp. moral trtraining), education, discipline,
control MBh. Kv. &c.; (with Buddhists) the rules of discipline for monks MWB. 55 &c.;
good breeding, propriety of conduct, decency, modesty, mildness ib. (in the Purnas
sometimes personified as son of Kriy or of Lajj); an office, business S'is'. xi, 36; N. of a
son of Sudyumna MrkP.; a man of subdued senses L.; a merchant, trader L.; ({A}) f.
Sida Cordifolia L.; {-karman} n. instruction Ragh.; {-kSudraka} or {-ka-vastu} n. N. of a
Buddhist wk.; {-grAhin} mfn. conforming to rules of discipline, compliant, tractable L.;
m. an elephant which obeys orders L.; {-jyotis} (?) m. N. of a Muni Kaths.; {-tA} f. good
behaviour; modesty Cn.; {-datta} m. N. of a man Mriicch.; {-deva} m. N. of a teacher
Buddh.; of a poet Sadukt.; {-nandin} m. N. of the leader of a Jaina sect Inscr.; {-Mdhara} m. N. of a chamberlain Venis.; {-pattra} n. = {-sUtra} (below) Buddh.; {-piTaka},
`" basket of discipline "', (with Buddhists) the collection of treatises on discipline (cf:
above); {-pradhAna} mfn. having humility pre-eminent, of which modesty is chief. MW.;
{-pramAthin} mfn. violating propriety, behaving ill or improperly W.; {-bhAj} mfn.
possessing propriety or modesty ib.; {-maya} mf({I})n. consisting of propriety Kd.; {yogin} mfn. possessing humility MW.; {-rAma} m. = {-sundara} Cat.; {-vat} mfn. well-

behaved (in {a-vin-}) Vet.; ({atI}) f. N. of a woman Kaths. Das'. Pacat.; {-vallI} f. N. of
wk.; {-vastu} n. (with Buddhists) N. of a section of the works which treat of Vinaya (q.v.)
[972, 1]; {-vAc} mfn. speaking modestly W.; f. modest speech ib.; {-vijaya} m. N. of an
author Cat.; {-vibhaGga} m. N. of wk.; {-vibhASA-zAstra} n. N. of a Buddhist wk.; {-zrI}
f. N. of a woman HParis'.; {-sAgara}, {-sundara} m. N. of authors Cat.; {-sUtra} n. (with
Buddhists) the Stra treating of discipline (cf. above); {-stha} mfn. conforming to
discipline, compliant, tractable L.; {-svAminI} f. N. of a woman Kaths.; {-yA7ditya} m.
N. of Jaya7pida, Rajat.; of a king of the race of the Clukyas Inscr.; ({-pura} n. N. of a
town built by Jaya7pida Rjat.); {-yA7didhara} (i.e. {vinaya-dh-}) m. N. of a man Kv.;
{-yA7nvita} mfn. endowed with modesty, humble L.; {-yA7vanata} mfn. bending down
modestly, bowing low with modesty MBh. Kaths.; {-yo7kti} f. pl. modest speech B
vinaayaka * = mf({ikA})n. taking away, removing MW.; m. `" Remover (of obstacles)
"'N. of Gane7s'a Yj. VarBriS. &c.; a leader, guide MBh. R.; a Guru or spiritual
preceptor L.; a Buddha L.; N. of Garuda L.; an obstacle, impediment L.; = {anAtha} (?)
L.; N. of various authors &c. Cat.; pl. a partic. class of demons MnGri. MBh. &c.; N. of
partic. formulas recited over weapons R.; ({ikA}) f. the wife of Gane7s'a or Garuda L.; {caturthI} f. the fourth day of the festival in honour of Ganea Cat.; ({-thI-vrata} n. N. of
wk.); {-carita} n. N. of the 73rd ch. of the Krd-khanda or 2nd part of the Gane7s'aPurna.; {-dvAdaza-nAma-stotra} n. N. of wk.; {-paNDita} m. N. of a poet S'rngP.; =
{nanda-paND-} Cat.; {-purANa} n. {-pUjA-vidhi} m. N. of wks.; {-bhaTTa} m. N. of
various authors Cat.; {-bhojana-varNanA} f. {-mAhAtmya} n. {-vratakalpa} m. {-vratapUjA} f. {-zAnti} f. {-zAnti-paddhati} f. {zAnti-prayoga} m. {-zAnti-saMgraha} m. {saMhitA} f. {-sahasra-nAman} n. {-stava-rAja} m. N. of wks. or chs. from wks.; {snapana-caturthI} f. the fourth day of the Gane7s'a festival (when his image is bathed)
Cat.; {-kA7vatAra-varNana} n. {-kA7vir-bhAva} m. {-ko7tpatti} f. N. of parts of wks

vinayana * = mfn. taking away, removing MBh. Megh.; n. the act of taming or training,
education, instruction Das'.
vinayii = man with humility
vinas'ayasi = you destroy
vinaas'ya* = mfn. to be destroyed or annihilated (%{-tva} n.) MBh. Katha1s. Sarvad.
vinas'yati = falls back
vinas'yatsu = in the destructible
vinaa = without* = or {vinA4} ind. (prob. a kind of instr. of 3. {vi}) without, except, short
or exclusive of (preceded or followed by an acc. instr., rarely abl.; cf. Pn. 2-3, 32;
exceptionally ifc., e g. {zuci-vinA}, without honesty, {satya-v-}, without faith Subh.) AV.
xx, 136, 13 (not in manuscript) Mn. MBh. &c. (sometimes {vinA} is used pleonastically,
e.g. {natad asti vinA deva yat te virahitaM hare}, `" there is nothing, O god Hari, that is
without thee "' Hariv. 14966).
vinaasha = total destruction
vinaashaM = destruction
vinaashaH = destruction
vinaashaaya = for the annihilation

vinan's'in *= mfn. disappearing , vanishing VS.

vinas' * = P. %{-nazati}, to reach, attain RV.\\ 2 P. %{-nazati}, or %{-nazyati} (fut. %
{-naziSyati} or %{-naGkSyati}; inf. %{-nazitum} or %{-naMSTum}), to be utterly lost,
perish, disappear, vanish RV. &c. &c.; to come to nothing, be frustrated or foiled ib.; to
be deprived of (abl.) RV. ix, 79, 1; to destroy, annihilate Hariv.: Caus. %{-nAzayati} (aor.
%{vy-anInazat}), to cause to be utterly lost or ruined or to disappear or vanish RV. &c.
&c. (once in Su1ryas. with gen. for acc.); to frustrate, disappoint, render ineffective (a
weapon) AV.; to suffer to be lost or ruined Ragh. ii, 56; (aor.) to be lost, perish MBh. R.
vinashtha *= mfn. utterly lost or ruined, destroyed, perished, disappeared MBh. Ka1v.
&c. ; spoilt, corrupted Mn. Ya1jn5. ; (prob.) n. a dead carcass, carrion (see below) ; %{cakSus} mfn. one who has lost his eyes MBh. ; %{-tejas} (%{vi4-n-}) mfn. one whose
energy is lost, weak, feeble AV. ; %{-dRSTi} mfn. one who has lost his sight, Bhp. %{dharma} mfn. (a country) whose laws are corrupted Ra1jat. ; %{-tA7pajIvin} mfn. living
on dead carcasses or carrion GopBr. [969,3]
vinidra *= mf(%{A})n. sleepless, awake MBh. Ka1v. &c. (also %{-ka} Katha1s.) ;
occurring in the waking condition Katha1s. ; passed sleeplessly Ka1v. ; expanded, blown
S3is3. ; opened (as the eyes) Vikr. ; m. a partic. formula recited over weapons R. ; %{-tA}
f. (Bhpr.), %{-tva} n. (L.) sleeplessness, wakefulness, vigilince.
vinda *= mfn. finding, getting, gaining (ifc. ; see %{go-}, %{cAru-v-} &c.) ; m. a partic.
hour of the day R. ; N. of a son of Dhr2ita-ra1sht2ra MBh. ; of a king of Avanti ib.
vindati = (6 pp) to find

vindate = enjoys
vinda* = mfn. finding, getting, gaining (ifc.; see {go-}, {cAru-v-} &c.); m. a partic. hour
of the day R.; N. of a son of Dhriita-rshthra MBh.; of a king of Avanti ib.
vindaka* = m. N. of a man Rjat.
vindatvat* = mfn. containing a form of 3. {vid}; ({atI}) f. a verse of this kind Maitr
vindaami = I have
vineya *= mfn. to be taken away or removed Hariv. ; to be trained or educated or
instructed Sa1h. Sarvad. ; to be chastised L. ; m. a pupil , disciple L.
vinigrahaH = control
viniha.nsi = you kill
vinimayaH = (m) exchange
vinimaya *= m. ( %{me}) exchange, barter (%{ena}, alternately) A1past. MBh. Ka1v.
&c. ; mutual engagement, reciprocity (see %{kArya-vin-}) ; a pledge, deposit, security L.
; transmutation (of letters) MW.
vinirNaya *= m. complete settlement or decision, certainty, a settled rule Mn. MBh. &c.
vinirNI *= ( %{nI} ; only ind. p. %{-NIya}), to decide or determine clearly BhP.

vinirNIta *= mfn. determined clearly, ascertained, certain W.

vinirmuktaaH = liberated
vinipaata *= m. falling down, falling L. ; a great fall, ruin, loss, calamity Mn. MBh. &c. ;
death Hcar. ; frustration Subh. ; failure (see %{a-vin-}) ; %{-gata} mfn. fallen into
misfortune R. ; %{-pratikriyA} f. (Katha1s.), %{-pratIkAra} m. (Pan5cat.) a remedy
against mmisfortune ; %{-zaMsin} mfn. announcing mmisfortune or destruction,
portentous W.
vinipaataka *= mfn. throwing down, causing to fall, destroying MBh.
vinipat *= P. %{-patati}, to fall down, fall in or into (loc.) Hariv. Sa1h. ; to flow down,
alight upon (loc.) Hariv. ; to fall upon, attack, assail Katha1s.: Caus. %{-pAtayati} (Pass.
%{-pAtyate}), to cause to fall down, strike off (a man's head) MBh. ; to throw down, kill,
destroy, annihilate Mn. MBh. &c.
vinirbharts *= (only ind. p. %{-bhartsya}) , to threaten or revile R. BhP.
vinirdah* = P. {-dahati}, to burn completely, consume by fire, destroy MBh. BhP.
vinirdagdha* = mfn. completely burned up or consumed, utterly destroyed MBh. R.
Hariv.
vinirdahana* = n. the act of burning or destroying utterly MW.; ({I}) f. a partic. remedy
Sus'r.
vinirdiz* = P. {-dizati}, to assign, destine for (loc.) BhP.; to point out, indicate, state,

declare, designate as (two acc.) MBh. BhP. Sus'r.; to announce, proclaim Yj. VarBriS.;
to determine, resolve, fix upon MBh.
vinirdiSTa* = mfn. pointed out &c.; charged or entrusted with (loc.) R.
vinirdezya* = mfn. to be announced or reported VarBriS.
vinirdhU* = (only ind. p. {-dhUya}), to shake off, drive or blow away, scatter R.; to shake
about, agitate ib.; to reject, repudiate Vcar.
vinirdhuta* = mfn. shaken off or about, tossed, agitated ib.
vinirdhuuta* = mfn. shaken off BhP.; driven away MBh.
vinirdhuu* = (only ind. p. {-dhUya}), to shake off, drive or blow away, scatter R.; to
shake about, agitate ib.; to reject, repudiate Vcar.
vinirdhuta* = mfn. shaken off or about, tossed, agitated ib.
vinirdhuuta* = mfn. shaken off BhP.; driven away MBh.
vinirmita * = mfn. formed, created, constructed, built, prepared, made from or
fashioned out of (abl. or comp.) MBh. R. &c.; laid out (as a garden) Katha1s.; fixed,
appointed, destined to be (nom.) Hariv. Ka1v.; kept, celebrated, observed (as a feast) R.
vinirmukta* = mfn. liberated, escaped, free or exempt from (instr. or comp.) MBh.
VarBriS. Sus'r. &c.; discharged, shot off, hurled R.

vinirmukti* = f. (ifc.) liberation W.

vinishchitaiH = certain
vinis'cita* = mfn. firmly resolved upon (comp.) MBh.; ascertained, determined, settled,
certain ib. R. &c.; (%{am}) ind. most certainly, decidedly Amar.; %{-tA7rtha} mfn.
having a decided meaning Bhartr2.
viniSkriya* = mfn. abstaining from ceremonial rites MW.
viniSad* = ( {sad}) P. {-SIdati}, to sit down separately.
viniSkR* = Caus. {-kArayati}, to cause to be mended or repaired Kaus'.
viniSTan* = (prob. for {vi-niH-STan}; {STan} = {stan}) P. {-STanati}, to groan loudly
Car.
vinivartaka *= mfn. reversing, annulling TPra1t.
vinivartante = are practiced to be refrained from
vinivartana *= n. turning back, return MBh. R. &c.; coming to an end, cessation
Das3ar. Sch.
vinivarti *= f. ceasing, cessation DivyA7v.
vinivartin *= see %{a-vinivartin}.

vinivartita *= mfn. caused to turn back or to desist from anything MBh.; turned away,
averted Ma1lav.vi.ndati = enjoys vinivritta = disassociated
viniyataM = particularly disciplined
viniyamya = regulating
viniyogaH = distribution (of various limbs, postures)
vinoda = humor
vinodaya = divert/recreate(be happy)
vi.nsha.nsha = A Varga. The harmonic twentieth division. Used for delineating Religious
fervour and accrued spiritual merit
vi.nshottari = The most popular Dasha method in use today
vi.nshopaka = A method of calculating planetary strength using the Vargas
vinyaasa* = m. putting or placing down &c.; a deposit W.; putting on (ornaments)
Kvya7d.; movement, position (of limbs), attitude TPrt. Kv.; arrangement, disposition,
order Pur.; scattering, spreading out MBh. Hariv.; establishment, foundation MrkP.;
putting together, connecting (words &c.), composition (of literary works) Vs. Sh. &c.;
exhibition, display (ifc. = showing, displaying) MBh.; the utterance of words of despair
Sh.; assemblage, collection W.; any site or receptacle on or in which anything is
deposited ib.; {-rekhA} f. a line drawn Blar.

vipaadya* = mfn. to be killed, destructible ib.

vipaaka = the distressing results of karmas: * = mf({A})n. ripe, mature RV.; m. cooking,
dressing (= {pacana}) L.; ripening, maturing (esp. of the fruit of actions), effect, result,
consequence (of actions in the present or former births pursuing those who commit them
through subsequent existences) Yj. MBh. &c.; maturing of food (in the stomach),
digestion conversion of food into a state for assimilation MBh. Hariv. Sus'r.; bad
digestion Car.; any change of form or state Uttarar.; calamity, distress "', misfortune
Yj. Uttarar.; withering, fading S'is'.; `" sweat "' or `" flavour `" ({sveda} or {svAda})
L.; (ibc.) subsequently, afterwards (see comp.); {-kaTuka} mfn. sharp or bitter in its
consequences Kaths.; {-kAla} m. the time of ripening or maturing Rjat.; {-tIvra} mfn.
sharp or terrible in consequence of (comp.) BhP.; {-dAruNa} mfn. terrible or dangerous
in results Prab.; {-doSa} m. morbid affection of the digestive powers Sus'r.; {visphUrjathu} m. the consequences (of sins committed in a former birth) compared to a
thunder stroke Ragh.; {-zruta} n. N. of a sacred book of the Jainas W. \\%{vi-pAkin} see
under %{vi-pac}, p. 973.
vipaakin* = mfn. ripening, maturing bearing fruits or having consequences, Ma1latim.;
difficult to be digested (in %{a-vip-}) Car.
vipaana * = n. drinking up VS. Br.
vipac* = P. %{-pacati}, to cook thoroughly, dissolve by cooking or boiling Ka1tyS3r.
Sus3r. [973,2]; Pass. %{-pacyate}, to be cooked or baked or roasted MBh.; to be digested
ib.; to be completely matured or ripened or developed Ragh. Sus3r.; to bear fruit,
develop consequences VarBr2S.: Caus. %{-pAcayati}, to cook thoroughly, dissolve by
cooking, melt, liquefy Sus3r.

vipaksha = of the opposite side

vipaNa *= m. (for 2. see %{vi-paN}) low or petty traffic MW.\\ 2 m. (for 1. see p. 951,
col. 2) selling, sale Mn. MBh. &c.; a wager MBh.; a trading-place, shop, market-place
MBh. Ma1rkP.; `" market "' (fig. applied to speech, the organ of speech, or the energy of
activity) Ma1rkP.; N. of S3iva MBh. (= %{nirvyavahAra} or %{daNDA7di-rahita}); %{NA7paNa-vat} mfn. furnished with shops and markets MBh.
vipanna mfn. gone wrong, failed, miscarried (opp. to %{sam-panna}) MBh.; afflicted,
distressed Hit.; ruined, destroyed, decayed, dead, gone MBh. Ka1v. &c.; m. a snake L.; %
{-kRtya} mfn. (a deity) whose rites have been disturbed or neglected VarBr2S.; %{-tA} f.
misfortune, ruin, destruction VarBr2S. (%{-tAMgataH}, ruined R.); %{-dIdhiti} mfn.
one whose splendour or glory is gone. Bhartr2.; %{-deha} mfn. `" having a decomposed
body "', dead, defunct Mr2icch. i, 30; %{-nnA7patyA} f. a woman who has lost her child
by abortion MW.; %{-nnA7rtha} mfn. one whose property or fortune is ruined R. (v.l. %
{-nnA7tman}).
vipatti = calamity
viparivartate = is working
vipariita = inverted, contrary to rule, wrong *= mfn. turned round , reversed , inverted
A1s3vS3r. Nir. &c. ; being the reverse of anything , acting in a contrary manner , opposite
, contrary to (abl.) Ka1v. Katha1s. &c. ; going asunder or in different directions , various ,
different Kat2hUp. ; perverse , wrong , contrary to rule MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; adverse ,
inauspicious , unfavourable ib. ; false , untrue Bha1m. ; (%{A}) f. a perverse or unchaste
woman L. ; N. of two metres RPra1t. ; %{-kara} or %{-kartR} mfn. acting in a contrary

manner or perversely MW. ; %{-kArin} mfn. id. Gi1t. ; %{-krIDA} f. N. of a ch. of

S3a1rn3gP. ; %{-gati} mfn. going backwards or in a reverse direction W. ; f. inverse or
reverse motion ib. ; %{-graha-prakaraNa} n. N. of. wk. ; %{-citta} (MBh.) , %{-cetas}
(R.) mfn. contrary-minded , having a perverted mind or impaired mental faculties ; %{tA} f. %{-tva} n. contrariety , inversion , counterpart Ka1v. Pan5cat. ; %{-pathyA} f. a
kind of metre Col. ; %{-pratyaGgirA} f. N. of a Tantric wk. ; %{-buddhi} (Pan5cat.) , %{bodha} (MW.) , %{-mati} (Ya1jn5.) , mfn. = %{-citta} ; %{-malla-taila} n. a kind of
preparation made of oil Bhpr. ; %{-rata} n. inverted sexual intercourse Caurap. ; %{lakSaNA} f. ironical description of an object by mentioning its contrary properties MW. ;
%{-vat} ind. invertedly R. ; %{-vRtti} mfn. acting or behaving in a contrary manner
Ragh. ; %{-tA7khyAnakI} f. `" inverted A1khya1naki "' , a kind of metre Col. ; %{-tA7di}
n. (with %{vakra}) a kind of metre Ked. [974,2] ; %{-tA7nta} m. (with %{pragAtha}) a
kind of metre RPra1t. ; %{-tA7yana} n. a contrary Ayana or progress of the sun from
solstice to solstice (%{-gata} mfn. situated in contrary Ayanas) MW. ; %{-to7ttara} n.
(with %{pragAtha}) a kind of metre RPra1t.
vipariitaM = the opposite
vipariitakaraNii = the upside-down posture
vipariitaan.h = in the wrong direction
vipariitaani = just the opposite
viparyaya = inversion // viparyaya *= mfn. reversed, inverted, perverse, contrary to
(gen.) BhP.; m. turning round, revolution Jyot.; running off, coming to an end R.;
transposition, change, alteration, inverted order or succession, opposite of. A1s3vS3r.

Nir. MBh. &c. (e.g. %{buddhi-v-}, the opposite opinion; %{svapna-v-}, the opp of sleep,
state of being awake; %{saMdhi-viparyayau}, peace and its opposite i.e. war; %
{viparyaye}, %{-yena} and %{-yAt} ind. in the oppopposite case, other wise); exchange,
barter (e.g. %{dravya-v-}, exchange of goods, buying and selling, trade) MW.; change for
the worse, reverse of fortune, calamity, misfortune Mn. MBh. &c.; perverseness R.
Katha1s. BhP.; overthrow, min, loss, destruction (esp. of the world) Ka1v.; change of
opinion Sa1h.; change of purpose or conduct, enmity, hostility W.; misapprehension,
error, mistake Mn. BhP. Sarvad.; mistaking anything to be the reverse or opposite of
what it is MW.; shunning, avoiding R. vii, 63, 31 (Sch.); N. of partic. forms of
intermittent fever Sus3r. // viparyAya m. = %{vi-paryaya}, reverse, contrariety L.
viparyak* = ind. (fr. {-paryaJc}) invertedly BhP.
viparyANa* = mfn. unsaddled Kaths.; {-NI-kRta} mfn. id. ib.
viparya* = m. or n. (?) a partic. high number Buddh.
viparyas* = . {-asyate}, to turn over, turn round, overturn, reverse, invert S'Br. Gaut.;
to change, interchange, exchange KtyS'r.; to have a wrong notion, be in error Bhartri.:
Caus. {-Asayati}, to cause to turn round or to change Blar.
viparyasta* = mfn. turned over, reversed, opposite, contrary AitBr. MBh. &c.; (in gram.)
interchanged, inverted Pn. 2-3, 56 Sch.; standing round Kaths.; erroneously conceived
to be real W.; {-tA} f. perverseness Sinha7s.; {-putrA} f. a woman bearing no male
children MW.; {-manaz-ceSTa} mfn. having mind and actions perverted or inverted
Mriicch.

viparyAsa* = m. overturning, overthrow, upsetting (of a car) GriS.; transposition,

transportation MBh.; expiration, lapse (of time) MBh.; exchange, inversion, change,
interchange S'rS. MBh. &c.; reverse, contrariety, opposition, opposite of (e.g. {stuti-v-},
the opposite of praise i.e. blame) MBh. Kv. &c.; change for the worse, deterioration
MBh.; death R.; perverseness Rjat.; error, mistake, delusion, imagining what is unreal
or false to be real or true Kv. Bhshp. Pacat.; {-so7pamA} f. an inverted comparison
(in which the relation between the Upamna and Upameya is inverted) Kvya7d.
viparyAsam* = ind. alternately AitBr. S'Br. S'ulbas.
viparyAvRt* = . {-vartate}, to be turned back Kaus'.: Caus. {-vartayati}, to cause to turn
away from, cause to be overturned TS.
viparyaya* = mfn. reversed, inverted, perverse, contrary to (gen.) BhP.; m. turning
round, revolution Jyot.; running off, coming to an end R.; transposition, change,
alteration, inverted order or succession, opposite of. s'vS'r. Nir. MBh. &c. (e.g. {buddhiv-}, the opposite opinion; {svapna-v-}, the opp of sleep, state of being awake; {saMdhiviparyayau}, peace and its opposite i.e. war; {viparyaye}, {-yena} and {-yAt} ind. in the
oppopposite case, other wise); exchange, barter (e.g. {dravya-v-}, exchange of goods,
buying and selling, trade) MW.; change for the worse, reverse of fortune, calamity,
misfortune Mn. MBh. &c.; perverseness R. Kaths. BhP.; overthrow, min, loss,
destruction (esp. of the world) Kv.; change of opinion Sh.; change of purpose or
conduct, enmity, hostility W.; misapprehension, error, mistake Mn. BhP. Sarvad.;
mistaking anything to be the reverse or opposite of what it is MW.; shunning, avoiding R.
vii, 63, 31 (Sch.); N. of partic. forms of intermittent fever Sus'r.
viparyAya* = m. = {vi-paryaya}, reverse, contrariety L.

viparyayeNaa.api = by changing also

viparyaaya = a mistaken view
vipashchit.h = (m) a learned man, scholar
vipashchitaH = full of discriminating knowledge
vipas' P. %{-pazyati} (rarely %{-te}) , to see in different places or in detail , discern ,
distinguish RV. AV. AitBr. Kat2hUp. ; to observe , perceive , learn , know R. BhP. [974,3]
vipas'cit *= mfn. inspired, wise, learned, versed in or acquainted with (comp.) RV. &c.
&c. ; m. N. of Indra under Manu Sva1rocisha Pur. ; of the Supreme Spirit Sarvad. ; of a
Buddha (prob. w.r. for %{vipazyin}) Lalit.
vipaT =* P. %{-pATayati}, to split in two, tear open, tear out, destroy MBh. Ka1v. &c.; to
drive asunder, scare away Ka1d. Ra1jat.
vipat=*P. %{-patati}, to fly or dash or rush through RV. i, 168, 6; to fly apart, fall off,
burst asunder, be divided or separated S3Br. ChUp.; to fly along RV. x, 96, 9: Caus. %{patayati}, to fly in various directions RV. iii, 55, 3; to fall asunder, be opened ib., vi, 9, 6;
%{-pAtayati}, to cause to fly away, shoot off (arrows) AV.; to cause to fly asunder or off,
split or strike off (a head) ib.; to strike down, kill MBh.//in comp. for %{vi-pad}; %{kara} mf(%{I})n. causing misfortune Harav.; (%{I}) f. N. of a goddess ib.; %{-kAla} m.
season of mmisfortune or calamity Hit.; %{-phala} mfn. resulting in mmisfortune,
calamitous MW.; %{-sAgara} m. `" ocean of misfortune "', heavy calamity W.
vipas'cit* = mfn. inspired, wise, learned, versed in or acquainted with (comp.) RV. &c.

&c.; m. N. of Indra under Manu Sva1rocisha Pur.; of the Supreme Spirit Sarvad.; of a
Buddha (prob. w.r. for %{vipazyin}) Lalit.
viphalaH = not good, fruitless; * = mf({A})u. bearing no fruit (as a tree) Kv. VarBriS.;
fruitless, useless, ineffectual, futile, vain, idle Yj. Hariv. &c.; having no testicles R.; m.
Pandanus Odoratissimus L.; {-tA} f. {-tva} n. fruitlessness, uselessness, unprofitableness
Kv. Pacat.; {-pre7raNa} mfn. flung in vain Hit.; {-zrama} mfn. exerting one's self in
vain ({-tva} n.), Rjat; {-lA7rambha} mfn. one whose efforts are vain or idle Yj.; {lA7za} mfn. one whose hopes are disappointed Hariv. (v.l. {niSphal-}).
vipina * =`" stirring or waving (scil. in the wind) "', a wood, forest, thicket, grove MBh.
Kv. &c.; a multitude, quantity Blar.; {-tilaka} n. a kind of metre Col.; {-nau9kas} m.
wood-dweller "', an ape, monkey Mcar.
viplaava *= m. a horse's canter or gallop L. ; deluging W. ; devastating ib. ; causing
tumult or public disturbance ib.
viplava * = 1mfn. (for 2. see %{vi-plu}) having no ship or boat MBh.\\ m. (for 2. see p.
951, col. 2) confusion, trouble, disaster, evil, calamity, misery, distress Mn. MBh. &c. ;
tumult, affray, revolt Ka1v. Ra1jat. ; destruction, ruin MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; loss, damage
Ya1jn5. ; violation (of a woman) Katha1s. ; profanation of the Veda by unseasonable
study Ya1jn5. Sch. ; shipwreck Hariv. ; rust (on a mirror) Kir. ii, 26 ; portent, evil omen
L. ; terrifying an enemy by shouts and gestures W. ; spreading abroad, divulging (%{vaM-gam}, to become widely known) MW. ; mfn. confused (as words) BhP. ; %{-tas} ind.
in consequence of misfortune MW. [976,3] ; %{-vA7TTahAsa} m. malicious laughter
Dharmas3.

vipluta *= mfn. drifted apart or asunder , scattered , dispersed &c. ; confused ,

disordered , gone astray , lost , perished Mn. MBh. &c. ; suffused , dimmed (as the eyes)
R. ; agitated , excited , troubled (as speech or reason) MBh. ; broken , violated (as
chastity , a vow &c.) Mn. Ya1jn5. BhP. ; vicious , immoral Katha1s. ; committing adultery
with (%{saha}) Mn. viii , 377 ; (with %{karmaNA}) wrongly treated , mismanaged (in
med.) Car. ; (with %{plava}) drawn out of the water , landed (?) Hariv. ; depraved ,
wicked W. ; contrary , adverse ib. ; inundated , immersed ib. ; %{am} n. springing or
bursting asunder Hariv. ; %{-netra} or %{-locana} mfn. having the eyes suffused or
bathed (with tears , joy &c.) R. Hariv. BhP. ; %{-bhASin} mf(%{iNI})n. speaking
confusedly , stammering , stuttering R. ; %{-yoni} f. (in med.) a partic. painful condition
of the %{vagina} Sus3r.
viplushtha *= mfn. ( %{pluS}) burned , scorched R
vipra = Brahmin, sage
vipralambaka * = w.r. for %{-lambhaka} Prab.
vipralup P. %{-lumpati}, to tear or snatch away, rob, plunder Mn. MBh. ; to visit,
afflict, disturb MBh.
vipralambha * = m. (fr. Caus.) deception, deceit, disappointment MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; the
being disappointed or deceived through (abl.) MBh. xiv, 133 ; separation of lovers Ragh.
Uttarar. &c. ; disunion, disjunction W. ; quarrel, disagreement ib.
vipralambhaka * = mfn. deceiving, fallacious, a cheat or deceiver Katha1s. Prab. ; %{tva} n. deceptiveness, fallaciousness Sam2k.

vipralambhana * = n. pl. deception, fraud, trick Das3.

vipralambhin * = mfn. deceiving, fallacious Pan5cat.
vipratipanna = adj. perplexed
vipratipannaa = without being influenced by the fruitive results
viprapriyaM = the loved of the Brahmins
vipraaH = (masc.nom.Pl.)Brahmins
vipriya *= (%{vi4-}) mfn. disaffected , estranged TS. (cf. %{-preman}) ; disagreeable ,
unpleasant to (gen. or comp.) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; n. (also pl.) anything unpleasant or
hateful , offence , transgression ib. ; %{-kara} (Katha1s.) , %{-kArin} and %{-M-kara}
(MBh.) mfn. doing what is displeasing , acting unkindly , offensive ; %{-tva} n.
unpleasantness BhP. Sch.
vipula = ample * = mf(%{A})n. (prob. fr. %{pula} = %{pura}; cf. under %{pul}) large,
extensive, wide, great, thick, long (also of time), abundant, numerous, important, loud
(as a noise), noble (as a race) Pa1rGr2. MBh. &c.; m. a respectable man W.; N. of a
prince of the Sauviras MBh.; of a pupil of Deva-s3arman (who guarded the virtue of
Ruci, his preceptor's wife, when tempted by Indra during her husband's absence) MBh.;
of a son of Vasu-deva BhP.; of a mountain (either Meru or the Hima7laya) Pur.; (%{A})
f. the earth L.; a form of the A1rya1 metre (in which the caesura is irregular; divided into
3 species, A1di-, Anlya-, and Ubhaya-vipula1) Col.; (in music) a kind of measure
Sam2gi1t.; n. a sort of building Gal.; %{-grIva} mfn. long-necked R.; %{-cchAya} mfn.
having ample shade, shady, umbrageous MW.; %{-jaghanA} f. a woman with large hips

ib.; %{-tara} mfn. larger or very large S3is3.; %{-tA} f. (S3ak.), %{-tva} n. (MBh.)
largeness, greatness, extent, width, magnitude; %{dravya} mfn. having great wealth,
wealthy Car.; %{-pArzva} m. N. of a mountain Buddh.; %{-prajJa} (MBh.), %{-buddhi}
(Sus3r.) mfn. endowed with great understanding; %{-mati} mfn. id. Bhartr2.; m. N. of a
Bodhi-sattva Buddh.; %{-rasa} m. `" having abundant juice "', the sugar-cane L.; %{vrata} mfn. one who has undertaken great duties MBh.; %{-zroni} mf(%{I})n. having
swelling hips MW.; (%{-NI-bhara} mf[%{A}]n. id. Amar.) [975,1]; %{-skandha} m. `"
broad-shouldered "'N. of Arjuna L.; %{-sravA} f. = %{-lA7sravA} L.; %{-hRdaya} mfn.
large-hearted, llarge-minded Bhartr2. (v.l.); %{-lA7yatA7kSa} mfn. having large and
long eyes MW.; %{-lA7rtha-bhoga-vat} mfn. having great wealth and many enjoyments
VarBr2S.; %{-lA7zravA} f. Aloe Perfoliata L.; %{-le7kSaNa} mfn. large-eyed MW.; %{lo7raska} mfn. broad-chested ib.; %{-lau9jas} mfn. having great strength, very strong R.
vipulaM = more than enough, plenty
vira * = m. a man, (esp.) a brave or eminent man, hero, chief (sometimes applied to
gods, as to Indra, Vishnu &c.; pl. men, people, mankind, followers, retainers) RV. &c.
&c.; a hero (as opp. to a god) RTL. 272 n.; a husband MBh. R. Pur.; a male child, son
(collect. male progeny) RV. AV. Br. GriS'rS.; (collect. male progeny) RV. AV. Br.
GriS'rS.; the male of an animal AV. S'nkhS'r.; (with, Tntrikas) an adept (who is
between the {divya} and the {pazu} RTL. 191) Rudray.; (in dram.) heroism (as one of the
8 Rasas [q.v.]; the Vra-carita [q.v.] exhibits an example) Bhar. Das'ar. Sh. &c.; an
actor W.; a partic. Agni (son of Tapas) MBh.; fire, (esp.) sacred or sacrificial fire L.; N. of
various plants (Terminalia Arunja; Nerium Odorum; Guilandina Bonduc, manioc-root)
L.; N. of an Asura MBh.; of a son of Dhriita-rshthra ib.; of a son of Bharad-vja ib.; of a
son of Purusha Vairja and father of Priya-vrata and Uttna-pda Hariv.; of a son of
Griijima ib.; of two sons of Kriishna BhP.; of a son of Kshupa and father of Vivins'a

MrkP.; of the father of Llvat ib.; of a teacher of Vinaya Buddh.; of the last Arhat of
the present Avasarpini L.; (also with {bhaTTa}, {AcArya} &c.) of various authors &c.
Cat.; (pl.) of a class of gods under Manu Tmasa BhP.; ({A}) f. a wife, matron (whose
husband and sons are still alive) L.; an intoxicating beverage ib.; N. of various plants and
drugs (Flacourtia Cataphracta; Convolvulus Paniculatus; Gmelina Arborea; the drug
Ela-vluka &c.) L.; (in music) a partic. S'ruti Sangt.; N. of the wife of Bharad-vja L.; of
the wife of Karan-dhama MrkP.; of a river MBh. (B. {vANI}); n. (only L.) a reed
(Arundo Tibialis); the root of ginger(?); pepper; rice-gruel; the root of Costus Speciosus,
of Andropogon Muricatus &c. [1005, 3]; mf({A})n. heroic, powerful, strong, excellent,
eminent L. [Cf. Lat. {vir}; Lith. {vy4ras}; Goth. {wair}; Angl. Sax. {wr}, {wre-wulf};
Eng. {werewolf}; Germ. {Werwolf}, {Wergeld}.]
viraagaH = Non-attachment/desirelessness
viraath* = in comp. for 2. {vi-rAj}.
viraaj* = m. (for 2. see s.v.) king of birds BhP.\\* = P.. {-rAjati}, {-te}, to reign, rule,
govern, master (gen. or acc.), excel (abl.) RV. AV. Br.; to be illustrious or eminent, shine
forth, shine out (abl.), glitter ChUp. Mn. MBh. &c.; to appear as (nom.) MBh.: Caus. {rAjayati}, (rarely {-te}) cause to shine forth, give radiance or lustre, brighten, illuminate
MBh. R. &c.
vi-raa4j* =2 mfn. (for 1. see p. 949, col. 3) ruling far and wide, sovereign, excellent,
splendid RV.; mfn. a ruler, chief. king or queen (applied to Agni, Sarasvat, the Sun &c.)
ib. AV. VS. Br. MBh.; f. excellence, pre-eminence, high rank, dignity, majesty TS. Br.
S'rS.; m. or f. the first progeny of Brahm (according to Mn. i, 32 &c., Brahm having
divided his own substance into male and female, produced from the female the male

power Virj, who then produced the first Manu or Manu Svyambhuva, who then created
the ten Praj-patis; the BhP. states that the male half of Brahm was Manu, and the
other half S'ata-rp, and does not allude to the intervention of VVirj; other Purnas
describe the union of S'ata-rp with VVirj or Purusha in the first instance, and with
Manu in the second; Virj as a sort of secondary creator, is sometimes identified with
Praj-pati, Brahm, Agni, Purusha, and later with Vishnu or Kriishna, while in RV. x,
90, he is represented as born from Purusha, and Purusha from him; in the AV. viii, 10,
24; xi, 8, 30, VVirj is spoken of as a female, and regarded as a cow; being elsewhere,
however, identified with Pra7na) IW. 22 &c.; (in Vednta) N. of the Supreme Intellect
located in a supposed aggregate of gross bodies (= {vaizvAnara}, q. v.), Vedantas.; m. a
warrior (= {kSatriya}) MBh. BhP.; the body MW.; a partic. Eka7ha PacavBr. Vait.; N.
of a son of Priya-vrata and Kmy Hariv.; of a son of Nara VP.; of Buddha L. [983,1]; of
a son of Rdh MW.; of a district ib.; f. a particular Vedic metre consisting of four Pdas
of ten syllables each (and therefore also a symbolical N. of the number `" ten "'; in RV. x,
130, 5 this metre is represented as attaching itself to Mitra and Varuna, and in AitBr. i, 4
Virj is mystically regarded as `" food "', and invocations are directed to be made in this
metre when food is the especial object of prayer; in prosody VVirj is applied to any
metre defective by two syllables RPrt.); pl. N. of partic. bricks (40 in number) VS. S'Br.
viraaja *= mfn. shining , brilliant Pan5car. ; m. a partic. form of a temple Hcat. ; a part.
Eka7ha Vait. ; a species of plant L. ; N. of a Praja1-pati Hariv. ; of a son of A-vikshit MBh
viraajana* = mfn. embellishing, beautifying (ifc.) Car.; n. ruling, being eminent or
illustrious, &c. Nir.
viraaTaH = Virata

viraam.h = to stop
viraama = stop * cessation, termination, end S'nkhGri. Mn. &c. (acc. with {yA} or {prayA}, to come to an end, rest); end of a word or sentence, stop, pause (ifc. = ending with),
APrt. Pn. &c.; end of or caesura with in a Pda S'rutab.; (in gram.), the stop "'N. of a
small oblique stroke placed under a consonant to denote that it is quiescent i.e. that it has
no vowel inherent or otherwise pronounced after it (this mark is sometimes used in the
middle of conjunctions of consonants; but its proper use, according to native
grammarians, is only as a stop at the end of a sentence ending in a consonant);
desistence, abstention Ks'. Vop.; exhaustion, languor Car.; N. of Vishnu MBh.; of S'iva
S'ivag.; {-tA} f. cessation, abatement Pacar.
viraamaH = respite, full stop
viraamaka * = mfn. ending in (ifc.) L.
viraamaNa * = n. a pause Hcat.
viracita* = mfn. constructed, arranged &c. [982,1]; performed BhP.; composed, written,
Kalid. Pan5cat.; put together, spoken, uttered (see comp.); put on, worn Ragh.;
furnished with (instr.) Megh.; put in, inlaid, set MW.; (%{A}) f. N. of a woman Katha1s.;
%{-pada} mfn. (a speech or song &c.) the words of which are artificially composed or
arranged, rhythmic, poetic Ka1lid.; %{-vapus} mfn. one who has his body formed or
arranged MW.; %{-vAc} mfn. one who has composed a speech or who has spoken Ragh.;
%{-to7kti} mfn. id. Katha1s.
viramamNa * = n. ceasing cessation KtyS'r.; (ifc.) desistence from Subh.

viramArga* = m. the course or career of a hero MBh. Hariv

vira4matii * = f. N. of a woman HParis'.
vira4matsya * = m. pl. N. of a people R.
vira4maya * = mf({I})n. (with Tntrikas) relating or belonging to an initiated person L.
vira4mANikya * = m. N. of a king Prasannar.
vira4maanin * = mfn. thinking one's self a hero Kaths.; m. N. of a hero Vcar.
vi-ramita * = mfn. (fr. Caus.) made to cease, stopped BhP.
viram * = P. {-ramati} (rarely .; cf. Pn. 1-3, 83), to stop (esp. speaking), pause, cease,
come to an end TS. &c. &c.; to give up, abandon, abstain or desist from (abl.) KtyS'r.
MBh. &c.: Caus. {-rA8mayati}, to cause to stop or rest &c., bring to an end, finish R.
BhP.: Desid. see {vi-riraMsA}.
vi-rama * = m. cessation, end MBh. BhP.; sunset S'is'. ix, 11; (ifc.) desistence or
abstention from MBh.
virachita = created
virachitaM = created, composed
viracita *=f mfn. constructed, arranged &c. [982,1] ; performed BhP. ; composed,
written, Kalid. Pan5cat. ; put together, spoken, uttered (see comp.) ; put on, worn Ragh. ;

furnished with (instr.) Megh. ; put in, inlaid, set MW. ; (%{A}) f. N. of a woman Katha1s.
; %{-pada} mfn. (a speech or song &c.) the words of which are artificially composed or
arranged, rhythmic, poetic Ka1lid. ; %{-vapus} mfn. one who has his body formed or
arranged MW. ; %{-vAc} mfn. one who has composed a speech or who has spoken Ragh.
; %{-to7kti} mfn. id. Katha1s.
viraha = separation * = m. abandonment, desertion, parting, separation (esp. of lovers),
absence from (instr. or comp.) MBh. Kv. &c.; lack, want (ifc. = lacking, with the
exception of) Kv. Kaths. &c.; {-guNita} mfn. increased by separation Megh.; {-ja} mfn.
arising from sseparation S'ak.; {-janita} mfn. id. MW.; {-jvara} m. the anguish of
sseparation ib.; {-virasa} mfn. painful through (the idea of) separation, S'ntis'.; {vyApad} mfn. decreased by sseparation Megh.; {-zayana} n. a solitary couch or bed
Megh.; {-hA7dhigama} m. experiencing sseparation ib.; {-hA7nala} m. the fire of
sseparation ib.; {-hA7rta} mfn. pained by sseparation W.; {-hA7vasthA} f. state of
sseparation MW.; {-ho7tkaNThikA} f. (in dram.) a woman who longs after her absent
lover or husband Sh.; {-ho7tsuka} mfn. suffering from sseparation A.
virahitaM = without
viraaja *= mfn. shining, brilliant Pan5car.; m. a partic. form of a temple Hcat.; a part.
Eka7ha Vait.; a species of plant L.; N. of a Praja1-pati Hariv.; of a son of A-vikshit MBh.
viraja*= (3. %{vi+raja} for %{rajas}) mf(%{A})n. free from dust, clean, pure (also fig. `"
free from passion "') S3Br. MBh. &c.; free from the menstrual excretion L.; m. N. of a
Marut-vat Hariv.; of a son of Tvasht2r2i BhP.; of a son of Pu1rn2iman ib.; of a pupil of
Ja1tu1karn2ya ib.; of the world of Buddha Padma-prabha SaddhP.; (pl.) of a class of
gods under Manu Sa1varn2i BhP.; (%{A}) f. Panicum Dactylon (= %{dUrA}) MBh. (= %

{kapitthAnI} L.); of the wife of Nahusha (spiritual daughter of a class of Pitr2is called
Su-svadhas or Sva.svadhas) Hariv.; of a mistress of Kr2ishn2a (who was changed into a
river) Pan5car.; of a Ra1kshasi1 Cat.; n. N. of a place of pilgrimage MBh.; %{-prabha} m.
N. of a Buddha Buddh.; %{-loka} m. N. of a partic. world, VB.; %{-jA7kSa} m. N. of a
mountain (to the north of Meru) Ma1rkP.; %{-jAkSetra} n. N. of a sacred district Cat.; %
{-je7zvarI} f. N. of Ra1dha1 Pan5car.
virajAta * = (%{vIra4-}) mfn. (wealth) consisting in men or sons RV.
virica or viraca * = A* 'beyond passion' m. (perhaps fr. {ric}; but cf. {viraJca}) N. of
Brahm (but also applied to Vishnu and S'iva) MBh. Kaths. Pur. ({-ta} f. BhP.)
virakta = uninerested
virala = rare
virama V = become detached, stop
virica* = m. (perhaps fr. {ric}; but cf. {viraJca}) N. of Brahm (but also applied to
Vishnu and S'iva) MBh. Kaths. Pur. ({-ta} f. BhP.)
virocana *= mfn. shining upon , brightening , illuminating MBh. ; m. the sun or the god
of the sun (also applied to Vishn2u) MBh. Ra1jat. ; the moon MBh. ix , 2025 ; fire L. ; a
species of Karan5ja L. ; a species of Syona1ka L. ; N. of an Asura (son of Prahra1da or
Prahla1da and father of Bali and Manthara1 or Dirgha-jihva1) AV. &c , &c. ; (%{A}) f. N.
of one of the Ma1tr2is attendant on Skanda MBh. ; of the wife of Tvasht2r2i (and mother
of Viraja) BhP. ; n. (?) light , lustre W. ; %{-vadha} m. N. of a ch. of the Gan2P. ; %{suta} m. `" son of Virocana "' N. of Bali (sovereign of Maha1bali-pura) W

virochana = a demon prince

virodha = opposition *= m. opposition, hostility, quarrel, strife between (gen., rarely
instr., or comp.) or with (instr. with or without %{saha}, or comp.) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ;
hostile contact of inanimate objects (as of planets &c.) VarBr2S. ; (logical) contradiction,
contrariety, antithesis, inconsistency, incompatibility Ka1tyS3r. Kan2. [984,1] Kap. &c. ;
(ifc.) conflict with, injury of (instr. = at the cost or to the detriment of) Ya1jn5. MBh. ;
hindrance, prevention Gaut. ; blockade, siege W. ; adversity, calamity, misfortune Sa1h. ;
perversity Katha1s. ; (in rhet.) an apparent contradiction or incongruity (e.g. %{bharato}
%{'pi@zatru-ghnaH}) Kpr. ; (in dram.) impediment to the successful progress of a plot
W. ; (%{I}) f. fixed rule, ordinance(?) W. ; %{-kAraka} mfn. causing opposition or
disagreement, fomenting quarrels MW. ; %{-kRt} mfn. causing dissension or revolt
Ya1jn5. Sch. ; m. an enemy MW. ; the 45th year in Jupiter's cycle of 60 years Cat. ; %{kriyA} f. quarrel, strife Ragh. ; %{-parihAra} m. removal of incompatibility,
reconciliation Kull. on Mn. vii, 152 ; N. of wk. on Bhakti (by Lakshman2a7ca1rya) ; of
another wk. on the reconciliation of the different Vaishn2ava systems (by
Varada7ca1rya) ; %{-phala} n. the fruit or result of perverseness Katha1s. ; %{-bhaJjanI}
f. N. of a commentary on the Ra1ma1yan2a ; %{-bhAj} mfn. contradictory, opposed to
(instr.) Sa1h. ; %{-va4t} mfn. containing a contradiction Ka1vya7d. ; %{-varUthinI} f. %
{-varUthinI-nirodha} m. %{-varUthinI-bhaJjinI}, f. %{-vAda} m. N. of wks. ; %{zamana}. n. making up a quarrel Das3ar. ; %{-dhA7carana} m. (in rhet.) apparent
conduct L. ; %{-dhA7bhA7sa} m. (in rhet.) aparent contradiction, the semblance of
opposite qualities Prata1p. ; %{-dhA7laMkAra} m. (in rhet) a figure of speech implying
incongruity (cf. under %{vi-rodha}) MW. ; %{-dho7kti} f. dispute, mutual contradiction
Pa1n2. 1-3, 50 Sch. ; %{-dho7ddhAra} m. N. of wk. ; %{-dho7pamA} f. (in rhet.) a
comparison founded on opposition (e.g. `" the lotus flower and thy face are opposed [as

rivals] to each other "' i.e. resemble each other), Ka1vyftd. ii, 33.
virodhaka *= mfn. disuniting, causing dissension or revolt Ya1jn5. Sch. ; opposed to,
incompatible with (gen. or comp.) MBh. ; (ifc.) preinventing, an obstacle to ib.
virodhana *= mfn. opposing, fighting MBh. ; n. checking, restraining Nir. vi, 1 (Sch.) ;
quarrel, contest, resistance, opposition to (gen.) Ka1m. Katha1s. &c. ; harming, injuring
R. ; (in dram.) either `" angry altercation "' (e.g. in S3ak. the dialogue between the king
and S3a1rn3garava) Bhar. ; or `" consciousness of the risk of an enterprise "' (e.g.
Ven2is, 6, 1) Sa1h. ; incongruity, inconsistency W. ; investing, blockading ib.
viruda * = hot out, sprouted, budded, grown; come forth, formed, produced, born,
arisen; ascended, mounted, ridden, overgrown with young grass
virugna * =mfn. (less correctly {vi-rugna}) broken to pieces, torn asunder &c. Bhathth.
visarga* = m. sending forth, letting go, liberation, emission, discharge GriS'rS. MBh.
&c.; voiding, evacuation (of excrement) S'Br. MBh. Sus'r.; opening (of the closed hand)
KtyS'r.; getting rid of, sending away, dismissal, rejection Mn. MBh. &c.; letting loose i.e.
driving out (cows; see {go-vis-}); final emancipation, exemption from worldly existence
BhP.; cessation, end RV. GriS.; end of the annual course of the sun Car.; destruction of
the world BhP.; giving, granting, bestowal Mn. MBh. &c.; scattering, hurling, throwing,
shooting, casting (also of glances) MBh. Ragh. BhP.; producing, creating (esp. secondary
creation or creation in detail by Purusha; see under {sarga}) Bhag. BhP.; creation (in the
concrete sense), product, offspring Hariv. BhP.; `" producer "', cause BhP.; membrum
virile ib.; the sus southern course L.; separation, parting W. (cf. {-cumbana}); light,
splendour ib.; N. of a symbol in grammar (= {vi-sarjanIya}, which is the older term see

below) Pn. Sch. S'rutab. MBh. BhP.; N. of S'iva MBh. xiii, 1241; {-cumbana} n. a
parting kiss Ragh.; {-lupta} n. elision of the Visarga Pratp.
vishaNNa * =mfn. dejected, sad, desponding, sorrowful, downcast, out of spirits or
temper Kv. Kaths. BhP.; {-cetas} mfn. dejected in mind, lowspirited, downcast R.; {tA} f. {-tva} n. dejection, sadness, languor, lassitude (esp. as one of the effects of
unsuccessful love) L.; {-bhAva} m. id. Das'.; {-manas} mfn. = {-cetas} BhP.; {-mukha}
mf({I})n. dejected in countenance, looking sad or dejected R.; {-rUpa} mf({A})n. having
a sorrowful aspect, being in a dejected mood R.; {-vadana} mfn. = {-mukha} ib.; {NNA7tman} mfn. low-spirited, desponding, downcast BhP.
vishate = he enters
vishama *= mf(%{A})n. (fr. %{vi} + %{sama}) uneven, rugged, rough MBh. Hariv.
Ka1v. &c. ; unequal, irregular, dissimilar, different, inconstant Br. S3a1n3khGr2. Mn.
&c. ; odd, not even (in numbers &c.) Var. Ka1vya7d. ; that which cannot be equally
divided (as a living sheep among three or four persons) Mn. ix, 119 ; hard to traverse,
difficult, inconvenient, painful, dangerous, adverse, vexatious, disagreeable, terrible,
bad, wicked (ibc. `" terribly "' S3is3.) Mn. MBh. &c. ; hard to be understood Gol. Ka1v. ;
unsuitable, wrong Sus3r. Sarvad. ; unfair, dishonest, partial Mn. MBh. ; rough, coarse,
rude, cross MW. ; odd, unusual, unequalled W. ; m. a kind of measure Sam2gi1t. ; N. of
Vishn2u MW. ; (%{I}) f. N. of various wks. ; n. unevenness, uneven or rough ground or
place (%{sama-viSameSu}, `" on even and uneven ground "' S3is3.), bad road VS. TS.
S3Br. &c. ; oddness (of numbers) W. ; a pit, precipice Mn. MBh. &c. ; difficulty, distress,
misfortune MBh. R. &c. ; unevenness, inequality (%{eNa} ind. `" unequally "') Ka1s3. ;
(in rhet.) incongruity, incompatibility Ka1vya7d. Prata1p. Kuval. ; pl. (with %{bharadvAjasya})N. of Sa1mans SV. A1rshBr. ; (%{am}) ind. unequally, unfairly MW. ; %{-

karNa} mfn. having unequal diagonals Col. ; m. or n. (?) any four-sided figure with
ununequal didiagonals MW. ; the hypotenuse of a right-angled triangle (esp. as
formed between the gnomon of a dial and the extremities of the shadow) W. ; %{karman} n. an odd or unequalled act W. ; a dissimilar operation ; the finding of two
quantities when the difference of their squares is given and either the sum or the
difference of the quantities Col. ; %{-kAla} m. an unfavourable time, inauspicious season
MW. ; %{-kriya} mfn. undergoing unequal (medical) treatment (%{-tva} n.) Sus3r. ; %{khAta} n. an irregular cavity or a solid with unequal sides Col. ; %{-gata} mfn. situated or
placed on an uneven place (higher or lower) A1past. ; fallen into distress ib. ; %{-cakravAla} n. (in math.) an ellipse Su1ryapr. ; %{-catur-azra}, or %{-catur-bhuja} or %{catuSkoNa} m. an unequal four-sided figure, trapezium Su1ryapr. ; %{-cchada} m. = %
{sapta-cch-}, Alstonia Scholaris L. ; Echites Scholaris W. ; %{-cchAyA} f. `" unevenshadow "', the shadow of the gnomon at noon when the sun is on the equinoctial line W. ;
%{-jvara} m. irregular (chronic) fever Sus3r. ; (%{-rA7ntaka-lauha} m. a partic.
ferruginous preparation Rase7ndrac. ; %{-rA7ntaka-lauha} m. id. L.) ; %{-tri-bhuja} m.
a scalene triangle Col. ; %{-tva} n. inequality, difference MaitrUp. ; dangerousness,
terribleness Vishn2. ; %{-dRSTi} mfn. looking obliquely, squint-eyed A1pGr2. Sch. ; %{dhAtu} mfn. having the bodily humors unequally proportioned, unhealthy MW. ; %{nayana} or %{-netra} mfn. `" having an odd number of eyes "', `" three-eyed "'N. of
S3iva L. ; %{-pada} mf(%{A})n. having unequal steps (as a path) Kir. ; having
ununequal Pa1das (a stanza) RPra1t. RAnukr. VS. Anukr. ; %{-da-vRtti} f. N. of various
commentaries ; %{-palAza} m. Alstonia Scholaris (= %{sapta-pal-}) L. [997,1] ; %{pAda} mf(%{A})n. consisting of unequal Pa1das Nida1nas. ; %{-bANa} m. `" fivearrowed "'N. of the god of love L. ; (%{-Na-lIlA} f. N. of a poem) %{-bhojana} n. eating at
irregular hours MW. ; %{-maya} mf(%{I})n. = %{viSamAd@AgataH} L. ; %{-rAga} mfn.
differently nasalized (%{-tA} f.). RPra1t. ; %{-rUpya} mfn. unequal quantities or
qualities W. ; %{-rca} mfn. (fr. %{viSama} + %{Rc}) having an unequal number of

verses S3a1n3khS3r. ; %{-lakSmI} f. adverse fortune, bad luck VarBr2S. ; %{-vibhAga}

m. unequal division of property amongst co-heirs W. ; %{-vilocana} m. `" three-eyed "'N.
of S3iva (cf. %{-nayana} above) Siddh. ; %{-vizikha} m. `" five-arrowed "'N. of the god of
love Cat. ; %{-vRtta} n. a kind of metre with unequal Pa1das Pin3g. ; %{-vyAkhyA} f. N.
of Comm. ; %{-vyAptika} mfn. furnishing an example of partial or one-sided invariable
concomitance, Sa1m2khyas. Sch. ; %{-zara} m. `" five-arrowed "'N. of the god of love
Das3. ; %{-zAyin} mfn. sleeping irregularly W. ; %{-ziSTa} mfn. inaccurately prescribed
(%{-tva} n.) L. ; left-unfairly, unjustly divided (as property &c. at death) W. ; %{-zIla}
mfn. having an unequable disposition, cross-tempered, rough, difficult W. ; m. N. of
Vikrama7ditya Katha1s. ; of the 18th Lambaka of the Katha1-sarit-sa1gara called after
him ; (w.r. for %{viSama-zilA}, `" an uneven rock "' Pan5cat. iii, 310/311) ; %{-zlokaTIkA} f. %{-zloka-vyAkhyA} f. N. of wks. ; %{-sAhasa} n. irregular boldness, temerity, W
; %{-stha} mf(%{A})n. standing unevenly W. ; being in an inaccessible position ib. ;
standing on a precipice, ststanding in a dangerous place Pan5cat. ; being in difficulty or
misfortune MBh. R. &c. ; %{-spRhA} f. coveting wrongly another's property L. ; %{mA7kSa} m. `" three-eyed "'N. of S3iva S3ivag. ; %{-mA7ditya} m. N. of a poet Subh. ; %
{-mA7nna} n. irregular or unusual food MW. %{-mA7yudha} m. `" five-arrowed "'N. of
the god of love Sin6ha7s. ; %{-mA7rtha-dIpikA} f. N. of wk. ; %{-mA7vatAra} m.
descending on uneven ground MW. ; %{-mA7zana} n. eating irregularly (either as to
quantity or time) Va1gbh. Sin6ha7s. Bhpr. ; %{-mA7zaya} mfn. having an unfair
disposition, dishonest, crafty W. ; %{-me7kSaNa} m. `" three-eyed "'N. of S3iva S3is3. ;
%{-me7Su} m. `" five-arrowed "'N. of the god of love S3is3. Hit. ; %{-mo7nnata} mfn.
raised unevenly L. ; %{-mo7pala} mfn. having rough stones or rocks MW.\\
vishama\-vrittii = uneven or strained movement whilst breathing
vishanti = enter

vishaNNa * = mfn. dejected, sad, desponding, sorrowful, downcast, out of spirits or

temper Ka1v. Katha1s. BhP.; %{-cetas} mfn. dejected in mind, lowspirited, downcast R.;
%{-tA} f. %{-tva} n. dejection, sadness, languor, lassitude (esp. as one of the effects of
unsuccessful love) L.; %{-bhAva} m. id. Das3.; %{-manas} mfn. = %{-cetas} BhP.; %{mukha} mf(%{I})n. dejected in countenance, looking sad or dejected R.; %{-rUpa} mf(%
{A})n. having a sorrowful aspect, being in a dejected mood R.; %{-vadana} mfn. = %{mukha} ib.; %{-NNA7tman} mfn. low-spirited, desponding, downcast BhP.
vishaaM = and the vaisyas
vishaakhaa = Sixteenth nakshatra
vishaala = very great
vishaalaM = vast
vishaalaakshau = (two)persons with (lotus-like)large eyes
vis'aala* = mf({A} accord. to g. {bahvAdi} also {I})n. (prob. fr. {viz}; accord. to others,
fr. {vi-zR}) spacious, extensive, broad, wide, large TS. &c. &c. ({am} ind. extensively
PacavBr.); great, important, powerful, mighty, illustrious, eminent MBh. Kv. &c.;
(ifc.) abundant in, full of Kap.; m. a kind of beast or bird or plant L.; a partic. Shad-aha
S'rS.; N. of the father of Takshaka, S'ankhGri.; of an Asura Kaths.; of a son of Ikshvku
(founder of the city Vis'l) R.; of a son of Triinabindu Pur.; of a king of Vaidis'a MrkP.;
of a mountain ib.; ({A}) f. colocynth Sus'r.; Basella Cordifolia L.; Portulaca Quadrifida
L.; {--mahe7ndravAruNI} L.; (in music) a partic. Mrchan Sangt.; N. of the city
Ujjayin or Ougein R. Megh. Kaths.; of another town (see {vaizAlI}, {vaizalI}); of a river

and a hermitage situated on it MBh. R. BhP.; = {sarasvatI} L.; N. of an Apsaras VP.; of

the wife of Aja-midha MBh.; of the wife of Arishtha-nemi (and daughter of Daksha)
GrudaP.; ({I}) f. a kind of plant L.; n. N. of a place of pilgrimage, Bh.; du. (with
{viSNoH}) N. of two Smans rshBr.
vis'aarada * = mf({A})n. experienced, skilled or proficient in, conversant with (loc. or
comp.; {-tva} n. Pacad.) Mn. MBh. &c.; learned, wise W.; clever (as a speech) BhP.; of a
clear or serene mind Lalit.; famous, celebrated W.; beautifully autumnal Vs.; lacking
the gift of speech ib.; bold, impudent ib.; = {zreSTha} L.: m. Mimusops Elengi Kir. Sch.;
N. of an author and of another person Cat.; ({A}) f. a kind of Alhagi L.; {-di-man} m.
skill, proficiency, conversancy Harav.
vishah * =( %{sah}) A1. %{-Sahate} (impf. %{vy-aSahata}, or %{vy-asahata} Pa1n2. 83, 71 ; inf. %{-Sahitum} or %{-soDhum}, not %{-SoDhum} ib., 115), to conquer, subdue,
overpower, be a match for (acc.) RV. AV. MBh. Hariv. ; to be able to or capable of (inf.)
MBh. R. ; to bear, withstand, resist MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; to endure, suffer, put up with (acc.
also with inf.) R. Gi1t. BhP.: Caus. (only aor. %{vy-asISa-hat}) Pa1n2. 8-3, 116: Intens.
see %{vi-SAsahi4}.
vishaha * = mfn. removing ppoison L. ; (%{A}) f. Kyllingia Monocephala L. ; a kind of
gourd L.
vishaaya * = Nom. . {-yate} (m. c. also P. {-yati}), to become poison, turn into poison
Bhartri. Subh.
vis'ada *= mf(%{A})n. (prob. fr. 1. %{zad}) `" conspicuous "', bright, brilliant, shining,
splendid, beautiful, white, spotless, pure (lit. and fig. ; %{am} ind.) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ;

calm, easy, cheerful (as the mind, the eye, a smile) Ka1lid. S3is3. Ra1jat. ; clear, evident,
manifest, intelligible (compar. %{-tara}) Hariv. Mr2icch. Ra1jat. ; tender, soft (to the
touch ; as food, wind, odour) MBh. Sus3r. ; (ifc.) skilled or dexterous in, fit for Mr2icch.
i, 9 ; endowed with Sus3r. ; m. white (the colour) L. ; N. of a king (the son of Jayadratha) BhP. ; n. yellowish sulphurate of iron L. ; %{-tA} f. clearness, distinctness
Pan5cat. (v.l.) ; %{-nara-karankAya} (A1. %{-yate}), to resemble a white human skull
Can2d2. ; %{-prajJa} mfn. of clear understanding, keen-witted, sagacious Ra1jat. ; %{prabha} mfn. of pure effulgence, shedding pure light MW. ; %{-dA7tman} mfn. purehearted Ka1m. ; %{-dA7nana} mfn. (ifc.) one whose face is radiant with Ra1jat.
vishahya * = mfn. bearable, tolerable (see %{a-v-}), conquerable, resistible MBh. R. ;
(also with %{kartum}) possible, practicable MBh. ; ascertainable, determinable (see %
{a-v-}).
vis'ankita *= mfn. apprehensive , distrustful , suspicious , uncertain of (%{prati} or
comp.) MBh. Ka1v. &c.
vishama * = mf(%{A})n. (fr. %{vi} + %{sama}) uneven, rugged, rough MBh. Hariv.
Ka1v. &c.; unequal, irregular, dissimilar, different, inconstant Br. S3a1n3khGr2. Mn.
&c.; odd, not even (in numbers &c.) Var. Ka1vya7d.; that which cannot be equally
divided (as a living sheep among three or four persons) Mn. ix, 119; hard to traverse,
difficult, inconvenient, painful, dangerous, adverse, vexatious, disagreeable, terrible,
bad, wicked (ibc. `" terribly "' S3is3.) Mn. MBh. &c.; hard to be understood Gol. Ka1v.;
unsuitable, wrong Sus3r. Sarvad.; unfair, dishonest, partial Mn. MBh.; rough, coarse,
rude, cross MW.; odd, unusual, unequalled W.; m. a kind of measure Sam2gi1t.; N. of
Vishn2u MW.; (%{I}) f. N. of various wks.; n. unevenness, uneven or rough ground or
place (%{sama-viSameSu}, `" on even and uneven ground "' S3is3.), bad road VS. TS.

S3Br. &c.; oddness (of numbers) W.; a pit, precipice Mn. MBh. &c.; difficulty, distress,
misfortune MBh. R. &c.; unevenness, inequality (%{eNa} ind. `" unequally "') Ka1s3.; (in
rhet.) incongruity, incompatibility Ka1vya7d. Prata1p. Kuval.; pl. (with %{bharadvAjasya})N. of Sa1mans SV. A1rshBr.; (%{am}) ind. unequally, unfairly MW.; %{-karNa}
mfn. having unequal diagonals Col.; m. or n. (?) any four-sided figure with ununequal
didiagonals MW.; the hypotenuse of a right-angled triangle (esp. as formed between the
gnomon of a dial and the extremities of the shadow) W.; %{-karman} n. an odd or
unequalled act W.; a dissimilar operation; the finding of two quantities when the
difference of their squares is given and either the sum or the difference of the quantities
Col.; %{-kAla} m. an unfavourable time, inauspicious season MW.; %{-kriya} mfn.
undergoing unequal (medical) treatment (%{-tva} n.) Sus3r.; %{-khAta} n. an irregular
cavity or a solid with unequal sides Col.; %{-gata} mfn. situated or placed on an uneven
place (higher or lower) A1past.; fallen into distress ib.; %{-cakra-vAla} n. (in math.) an
ellipse Su1ryapr.; %{-catur-azra}, or %{-catur-bhuja} or %{-catuSkoNa} m. an unequal
four-sided figure, trapezium Su1ryapr.; %{-cchada} m. = %{sapta-cch-}, Alstonia
Scholaris L.; Echites Scholaris W.; %{-cchAyA} f. `" uneven-shadow "', the shadow of the
gnomon at noon when the sun is on the equinoctial line W.; %{-jvara} m. irregular
(chronic) fever Sus3r.; (%{-rA7ntaka-lauha} m. a partic. ferruginous preparation
Rase7ndrac.; %{-rA7ntaka-lauha} m. id. L.); %{-tri-bhuja} m. a scalene triangle Col.; %
{-tva} n. inequality, difference MaitrUp.; dangerousness, terribleness Vishn2.; %{dRSTi} mfn. looking obliquely, squint-eyed A1pGr2. Sch.; %{-dhAtu} mfn. having the
bodily humors unequally proportioned, unhealthy MW.; %{-nayana} or %{-netra} mfn.
`" having an odd number of eyes "', `" three-eyed "'N. of S3iva L.; %{-pada} mf(%{A})n.
having unequal steps (as a path) Kir.; having ununequal Pa1das (a stanza) RPra1t.
RAnukr. VS. Anukr.; %{-da-vRtti} f. N. of various commentaries; %{-palAza} m.
Alstonia Scholaris (= %{sapta-pal-}) L. [997,1]; %{-pAda} mf(%{A})n. consisting of
unequal Pa1das Nida1nas.; %{-bANa} m. `" five-arrowed "'N. of the god of love L.; (%{-

Na-lIlA} f. N. of a poem) %{-bhojana} n. eating at irregular hours MW.; %{-maya} mf(%

{I})n. = %{viSamAd@AgataH} L.; %{-rAga} mfn. differently nasalized (%{-tA} f.).
RPra1t.; %{-rUpya} mfn. unequal quantities or qualities W.; %{-rca} mfn. (fr. %
{viSama} + %{Rc}) having an unequal number of verses S3a1n3khS3r.; %{-lakSmI} f.
adverse fortune, bad luck VarBr2S.; %{-vibhAga} m. unequal division of property
amongst co-heirs W.; %{-vilocana} m. `" three-eyed "'N. of S3iva (cf. %{-nayana} above)
Siddh.; %{-vizikha} m. `" five-arrowed "'N. of the god of love Cat.; %{-vRtta} n. a kind of
metre with unequal Pa1das Pin3g.; %{-vyAkhyA} f. N. of Comm.; %{-vyAptika} mfn.
furnishing an example of partial or one-sided invariable concomitance, Sa1m2khyas.
Sch.; %{-zara} m. `" five-arrowed "'N. of the god of love Das3.; %{-zAyin} mfn. sleeping
irregularly W.; %{-ziSTa} mfn. inaccurately prescribed (%{-tva} n.) L.; left-unfairly,
unjustly divided (as property &c. at death) W.; %{-zIla} mfn. having an unequable
disposition, cross-tempered, rough, difficult W.; m. N. of Vikrama7ditya Katha1s.; of the
18th Lambaka of the Katha1-sarit-sa1gara called after him; (w.r. for %{viSama-zilA}, `"
an uneven rock "' Pan5cat. iii, 310/311); %{-zloka-TIkA} f. %{-zloka-vyAkhyA} f. N. of
wks.; %{-sAhasa} n. irregular boldness, temerity, W; %{-stha} mf(%{A})n. standing
unevenly W.; being in an inaccessible position ib.; standing on a precipice, ststanding in
a dangerous place Pan5cat.; being in difficulty or misfortune MBh. R. &c.; %{-spRhA} f.
coveting wrongly another's property L.; %{-mA7kSa} m. `" three-eyed "'N. of S3iva
S3ivag.; %{-mA7ditya} m. N. of a poet Subh.; %{-mA7nna} n. irregular or unusual food
MW. %{-mA7yudha} m. `" five-arrowed "'N. of the god of love Sin6ha7s.; %{-mA7rthadIpikA} f. N. of wk.; %{-mA7vatAra} m. descending on uneven ground MW.; %{mA7zana} n. eating irregularly (either as to quantity or time) Va1gbh. Sin6ha7s. Bhpr.;
%{-mA7zaya} mfn. having an unfair disposition, dishonest, crafty W.; %{-me7kSaNa} m.
`" three-eyed "'N. of S3iva S3is3.; %{-me7Su} m. `" five-arrowed "'N. of the god of love
S3is3. Hit.; %{-mo7nnata} mfn. raised unevenly L.; %{-mo7pala} mfn. having rough
stones or rocks MW.

vishaya* = m. (ifc. f. {A}; prob. either fr 1. {viS}, `" to act "', or fr. {vi} + {si}, `" to extend
"' cf. Pn. 8-3, 70 Sch.) sphere (of influence or activity), dominion, kingdom, territory,
region, district, country, abode (pl. = lands, possessions) Mn. MBh. &c.; scope, compass,
horizon, range, reach (of eyes, ears, mind &c.) S'nkhS'r. MBh. &c.; period or duration
(of life) Pacat.; special sphere or department, peculiar province or tield of action,
peculiar element, concern (ifc. = `" concerned with, belonging to, intently engaged on "';
{viSaye}, with gen. or ifc. = `" in the sphere of, with regard or reference to "'; {atra
viSaye}, `" with regard to this object "') MBh. Kv. &c.; space or room (sometimes =
fitness) for (gen.) Kv. Pacat.; an object of sense (these are five in number, the five
{indriya}, or organs of sense having each their proper {viSaya} or object, viz. 1. {zabda},
`" sound "', for the ear cf. {zruti-viSaya}; 2. {sparza}, `" tangibility "', for the skin; 3.
{rUpa}, `" form "' or `" colour "', for the eye; 4. {rasa}, `" savour "', for the tongue; 5.
{gandha}, `" odour "' for the nose: and these five Vishayas are sometimes called the
Gunas or `" properties "' of the five elements, ether, air, fire, water, earth, respectively;
cf. {zruti-viSaya-guNa}) Yj. S'ank. Sarvad. IW. 83; a symbolical N. of the number `"
five "' VarBriS.; anything perceptible by the senses, any object of affection or concern or
attention, any special worldly object or aim or matter or business, (pl.) sensual
enjoyments, sensuality KathhUp. Mn. MBh. &c.; any subject or topic, subject-matter
MBh. Kv. &c.; an object (as opp. to `" a subject "') Sarvad. [997, 2]; a fit or suitable
object (`" for "' dat. gen., or comp.) MBh. Kv. &c.; (in phil.) the subject of an argument,
category, general head (one of the 5 members of an Adhikarana [q.v.], the other 4 being
{vizaya} or {saMzaya}, {pUrva-pakSa}, {uttara-pakSa} or {siddhA7nta}, and {saMgati}
or {nirNaya}) Sarvad.; un-organic matter IW. 73; (in gram.) limited or restricted sphere
(e.g. {chandasi viSaye}, `" only in the Veda "') Ks'. (ifc. = restricted or exclusively
belonging to); (in rhet.) the subject of a comparison (e.g. in the comp. `" lotus-eye "' the
second member is the {viSaya}, and the first the {viSayin}) Kuval. Pratp.; a country
with more than 100 villages L.; a refuge, asylum W.; a religious obligation or observance

ib.; a lover, husband ib.; semen virile ib.

vis'aaya m. sleeping and watching alternately W. (cf. Pa1n2. 3-3, 39).
vis'aya &c. see under %{vi-zI}.\\m. the middle, centre S3ulbas.; doubt, uncertainty
Jaim. S3am2k.; = %{Azraya} L.; %{-vat} mfn. = next Nir.
vishayakarman * = n. worldly business or act W.
vishaya-kAma * = m. desire of worldly goods or pleasures ib.
vishaya-tA * = f. the character or condition of being an object or having anything for an
object, the relation between an object and the knowledge of it Sh. Veda7ntas. Sarvad.; {rahasya} n. {-vAda} (or {-vicAra}) m. {-vAda-TippaNa} n. {-vAdA7rtha} m. N. of wks.
vishaya-tva * = n. = {-tA} Sarvad. Yj. Sch.; (ifc.) the being restricted to, occurring only
in Pat.
vishaya-nirati * =f. attachment to sensual objects A.
vishaya-pati * = m. the governor of a province Inscr.
vishaya-vat * = mfn. directed to objects of sense MBh.; objective Yogas.
vishayaa7nta * =m. the boundary of a country MBh. R. Kaths
vis'iirNa * = mfn. broken, shattered &c.; scattered, dispersed (as an army) R.; fallen out
(as teeth) Ka1v.; squandered (as a treasure) MBh.; rubbed off (as unguent) Ga1rud2aP.;

frustrated (as an enterprise), S3a1ntis3.; destroyed (as a town) R.; %{-jirNa-vasana} n.

pl. worn and shattered garments Bhartr2.; %{-tA} f. crumbling or falling to pieces
Ka1m.; %{-dhAra} mfn. intermittent (as urine) BhP.; %{-paGkti} mfn. having broken
ranks or lines Ragh.; %{-parNa} m. Azadirachta Indica L.; %{-mUrti} mfn. having the
body destroyed (said of Ka1ma-deva) Kum.
vishishhTaaH = especially powerful
vishishhyate = is by far the better
vis'rambha* = m. (ifc. f. %{A}) slackening, loosening, relaxation (of the organs of
utterance), cessation RPra1t. ; trust, confidence in (loc. gen., or comp.) ; absence of
restraint, familiarity, intimacy MBh. Ka1v. &c. (ibc. or %{At}, %{eNa} ind. `"
confidingly, confidentially "' ; %{-bhaM} %{kR} with gen., `" to win the confidence of "' ;
%{kasmai} %{-bhaM@kathayAmi} in whom shall I trust? "') ; a playful or amorous
quarrel L. ; killing(?) L. ; %{-katha} f. (Va1s.), %{-kathiza} n. pl. (S3ak.), %{-garbhakathA} f. (Ma1latim.) confidential talk ; affectionate conversation ; %{-tA} f. trust,
confidence (acc. with %{gam}, to win cconfidence) R. ; %{-bhRtya} m. a confidential
servant Ra1jat. ; %{-vat} mfn. trustful certain, at ease Ja1takam. ; %{-saMsupta} mfn.
quietly asleep Ka1m. ; %{-saMkathA} f. = %{-kathA} Katha1s. ; %{-bhA7lApa} m. id. Hit.
visri *= P. %{-sarati} , %{-sisarti} (Ved. and ep. also A1. perf. %{vi-sasre} RV.) , to run
or flow through RV. ; to spread out in various directions , extend (intr.) R. S3is3. ; (A1.)
to open or unfold one's self (with %{tanvA7m}) RV. x , 71 , 4 ; to be separated , part from
(instr.) AV. ; to go forth in various directions , disperse MBh. ; to come forth , issue from
(abl. or %{-tas}) ib. ; to rush upon (acc.) MBh.: Caus. %{-sArayati} , to send forth R. ; to
stretch forth , extend MW.

visrij *= P. %{-sRjati} (ep. also A1.) , to send or pour forth , let go or run or flow ,
discharge , emit , shoot , cast , hurl (lit. and fig. ; `" at "' loc. dat. , or acc. with %{prati})
RV. &c. &c. ; to turn (the eye) upon (loc.) S3a1n3khS3r. ; to shed (tears) R. Ka1lid. Das3.
; (A1.) to evacuate the bowels Pras3nUp. ; to utter (sounds or words) Br. MBh. &c. ; to set
free , release (A1. `" one's self "') from (abl.) ChUp. Hariv. &c. ; to send away , dismiss ,
repudiate , reject , throw or cast off Mn. MBh. &c. ; to despatch (a messenger) R. ; to
pass over , overlook Ma1rkP. ; (in older language A1.) to abandon , desert , give up ,
renounce MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; to open TS. ; (A1.) to stretch out , extend S3Br. ; to spread
about , diffuse RV. AV. ; to remove TS. ; to remit , exempt from (acc.) Ra1jat. ; to hand
over , deliver , bestow , grant MaitrS. &c. &c. ; to produce , create (esp. `" in detail "') Up.
Mn. MBh. &c.: Caus. %{-sarjayati} , to discharge , emit , cast , hurl , throw (lit. and fig.)
A1s3vGr2. MBh. &c. ; to utter (a sound) S3Br. ; to set free , release , let go , dismiss MBh.
Hariv. Ka1lid. ; to banish , exile R. ; to send out , despatch Mn. MBh. &c. ; to abandon ,
desert , relinquish , give up , renounce , avoid MBh. R. &c. ; to spare , save MBh. ; to
commit , entrust Ka1lid. ; to lay aside , remove VarBr2S. ; to divulge , publish (news)
Ra1jat. ; to give away MBh. ; to hand over , deliver , grant , bestow MBh. Hariv. &c. ; to
produce , create BhP. ; to answer questions DivyA7v.
visrijya *= mfn. to be sent out or let go &c. ; to be (or being) produced or effected (as
subst. = `" effect "') BhP.
viruta * = mfn. roared, cried, &c.; invoked VarBr2S.; made to resound, filled with the cries &c. of
(instr. or comp.) R. BhP.; n. shrieking, howling, yelling, humming, chirping, &c., any noise or
sound Mn. R. screaming, howling Ka1d. Mudr.
vis'ruta * = mfn. flowed forth, dropped, flowing W.; spread, diffused, stretched ib. \\ 2
mfn. (for 2. see col. 2) flowed away, flowing forth W.\\ 2 mfn. heard of far and wide, heard, noted,

notorious, famous, celebrated RV. &c. &c.; known as, passing for, named (nom.) Hariv.; pleased,
delighted, happy L.; m. N. of a man Das3.; of a son of Vasu-deva BhP.; of Bhava-bhu1ti Gal.; n.
fame, celebrity BhP.; learning (see comp.); %{-deva} m. N. of a king Buddh.; %{-vat} mfn.
possessing much learning, very learned Hariv.; m. N. of Maru (the father of Br2ihad-bala) VP.; %{tA7bhijana} mfn. of a renowned family, of noted birth MW.
visthaana * = mfn. belonging to another place or organ (as a sound) RPrt. - 1.
vishthhaa * = 1 f. (for 2. 3. see p. 999, col. 1) = 3. {viS}, feces, excrement (acc. with {kR}
or {vi-dhA}, to void excrexcrement) Mn. MBh. &c. (often w.r. {viSTA}).
vishthhaa * = 2 ( {sthA}; for 1. {viSThA} see p. 996, col. 2) . {-tiSThate} (cf. Pn. 1-3,
22; Ved. and ep. also P.), to stand or go apart, be spread or diffused or scattered over or
through (acc. or {adhi} with loc.) RV. VS. AV.; to be removed or separated from (instr.)
TS. AV.; to stand, be stationary stand still, remain firm, abide, dwell, stop RV. &c. &c.; to
keep ground, not to budge R.; to be present or near MBh.; to be engaged in (loc.) Hariv.:
Caus. (only aor. {-tiSThipaH}) to spread, expand RV. i, 56, 5.
vishthhaa * = 3 f. place, position, station, form, kind RV. AV. TBr. S'rS.; a rope (?)
DivyA7v.; {-vrAji4n} mfn. remaining in one place, stationary S'Br.
vishthara * = m. ( %{stR}) anything spread out, a handful of rushes or grass for sitting
on (esp. the seat of the presiding Bra1hman at a sacrifice) Gr2S3rS. MBh. ; a seat made
of 25 shoots of Kus3a grass tied up in a sheaf W. ; a tree L. ; N. of a divine being reckoned
among the Vis3ve Deva1h2 Hariv. ; m. n. any seat or couch, chair, stool &c. MBh. Ka1v.
&c. ; mfn. = %{vi-stara}, extensive, wide (?) see comp. ; %{-bhAj} mfn. occupying a seat,
seated Ragh. ; %{-zrava} m. = next Hcat. ; %{-zravas} m. `" broad-eared "' or `" farfamed "'N. of Vishn2u-Kr2ishn2a MBh. Hariv. S3is3. ; of S3iva S3ivag. ; %{-stha} mfn.

sitting on a seat, reclining on a bed (of leaves &c.) W. ; %{-rA7zva} m. N. of a son of

Pr2ithu Hariv. ; %{-ro7ttara} mfn. covered with Kus3a grass MW.
vishthaara * = m. a layer of grass (?) RV. v, 52, 10 (others `" the far spread host, scil. of
the Maruts "') ; a kind of metre (cf. next and Pa1n2. 3-3, 34 ; viii, 3, 94) ; %{-paGkti} (%
{-TAra4-}) f. a partic. form of Pan3kti metre (consisting of 8 x 12 x 12 x 8 syllables) VS.
RPra1t. ; %{-bRhatI} f. a species of Br2ihati1 (8 x 10 x 10 x 8 syllables) RPra1t.
vishthabha *= m. `" fixed or planted firmly "' , the world W.
vistaara * =m. (ifc. f. %{A} ; cf. %{vi-stara}) spreading, expansion, extent, width MBh.
Ka1v. &c. ; becoming large or great (met. said of the heart) Sa1h. ; the breadth of a circle
i.e. its diameter Col. ; specification, detailed enumeration or description Ya1jn5. Sus3r.
(%{eNa}, diffusely, at length, prob. w.r. for %{vistareNa} R. iii, 4, 4) ; the branch of a
tree with its new shoots L. ; a shrub L. ; the diameter of a circle L.
vistara * = mfn. extensive, long (as a story) Sa1h. ; m. (ifc. f. %{A} ; cf. %{vi-stAra} and
Pa1n2. 3-3, 31 Va1m. v, 2, 41) spreading, extension, expansion, prolixity, diffuseness
MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; a multitude, number, quantity, assemblage, large company Mn. R.
VarBr2S. &c. ; becoming large or great (met. applied to the heart) Das3. ; high degree,
intensity, MBIi. Hariv. BhP. ; (pl.) great wealth or riches MBh. ; detail, particulars, full
or detailed description, amplification (also as direction to a narrator = %
{vistareNa@kAryam}, `" give full particulars "' ; %{eNa} or %{At} ind. diffusely, at
length, fully, in detail ; %{-rI-kR}, to spread, divulge, expand) MBh. R. &c. ; (ifc.) an
extensive treatise Cu1lUp. ; affectionate solicitation L. ; a layer, bed, couch (= %{viSTara}) L. ; (%{A}) f. a partic. S3akti Hcat. ; %{-tas} ind. diffusely, at length Ka1v. Pur.
&c. ; %{-tA} f. extension, spreading R2itus. ; %{-bhIru} mfn. afraid of diffuseness

Sarvad. ; %{-zaGkA} f. fear of diffdiffuseness Sa1h. ; %{-zas} ind. = %{-tas} Mn. MBh.
&c.
vishuddha = pure
vishuddhayaa = fully purified
vishuddhaye = for clarifying
vishuddhaatmaa = a purified soul
visheshha = particular
vis'esha * = m. (once in Pacat. n.; ifc. f. {A}) distinction, difference between (two gen.,
two loc., or gen. and instr.) GriS'rS. MBh. &c.; characteristic difference, peculiar mark,
special property, speciality, peculiarity Mn. MBh. &c.; a kind, species, individual (e.g.
{vRkSa-v-}, a species of tree, in comp. often also = special, peculiar, particular, different,
e.g. {chando-v-}, a particular metre, {vvizeSa-maNDana}, a peculiar ornament "';
{argha-vizeSAH}, different prices "') MBh. Kv. &c.; (pl.) various objects Megh.;
distinction, peculiar merit, excellence, superiority (in comp. often= excellent, superior,
choice, distinguished e.g. {AkRti-v-}, `" an excellent form "' [990, 3]; cf. {vvizeSapratipatti}) Mn. MBh. &c.; (in gram.) a word which defines or limits the meaning of
another word (cf. {vi-zeSaka} and {vi-zeSaNa}); (in phil.) particularity, individuality,
essential difference or individual essence (with the Vais'eshikas the 5th cate gory or
Pada7rtha, belonging to the 9 eternal substances or Dravyas, viz. soul, time, place, ether,
and the 5 atoms of earth, water, light, air, and mind, which are said to be so essentially
different that one can never be the other) IW. 66 &c.; (in medicine) a favourable turn or

crisis of a sickness Sus'r.; (in rhet.) statement of difference or distinction,

individualization, variation Kuval. (cf. {vizeSo7kti}); a sectarian mark, any mark on the
forehead (= {tilaka}) L.; (in geom.) the hypotenuse S'ulbas.; N. of the primary elements
or Mah-bhtas (q.v.) MaitrUp.; the earth as an element BhP.; the mundane egg ib.; {virAj} ib.; (ibc., {ena} or {At} ind. exceedingly, especially, particularly, even more Mn.
MBh. &c.; {At} ifc., by reason or in consequence of. VarBriS.; {yena yena vizeSeNa}, in
any way whatever MBh.); mf({A})n. extraordinary, abundant Ragh. ii, 14 (B. {vizeSAt}
for {vizeSA}); {-karaNa} n. making better, improvement Mlav.; {-kRt} mfn. making a
distinction, distinguishing RPrt.; {--garhaNIya} mfn. especially reprehensible, even
more blamable Kuval.; {-guNa} m. a special or distinct quality Nlak.; (in phil.) a
substance of a distinct kind (as soul, time, space, ether, and the five atoms enumerated
above) W.; {-jJa} mfn. knowing distinctions, judicious Kv. Kaths.; (ifc.) knowing
various kinds of. R.; {jJAna-vAdA7rtha} m. N. of wk.; {-tac} ind. according to the
difference of. in proportion to (comp.) Mn. xi, 2; especially, particularly, above all Mn.
MBh. &c.; individually, singly, Vedantas.; {-tva} n. distinction, notion of the particular
L.; {-drizya} mfn. of splendid aspect or appearance Ragh.; {-dharma} m. a peculiar or
different duty W.; a special law MW.; {niyama} m. a partic. observance MBh.; {-nirukti}
f. (ibc.) `" explanation of differences "'; N. of wk. ({-kroDa} m. {-TIkA} f. {-prakAza},
m.; {-tyAloka} m. N. of wks.); {-patanIya} n. a partic. crime or sin Yj. iii, 298; {padA7rtha} m. (in Nyya) the category of particularity (cf. above under {vizeSa}); {pratipatti} f. a special mark of honour or respect Ragh.; {-pratiSedha} m. a special
exception MW.; {-pramANa} n. spspecial authority ib.; {-bhAga} m. a partic. part of an
elephant's fore-foot L.; {-bhAvanA} f. reflecting on or perceiving difference W.; (in
arithm.) a partic. operation in extracting roots, composition by the difference of the
products ib.; {-bhUta-pariziSTa} n. N. of wk.; {-maNDana} n. a peculiar ornament S'ak.;
{-mati} m. N. of a Bodhisattva and of another man Buddh.; {-mitra} m. N. of a man
Buddh.; {-ramaNIya} mfn. especially delightful, particularly pleasant Vikr.; {-lakSaNa}

n. any specific or characteristic mark or sign W.; ({-NATIkA} f. N. of wk.); {liGga} n. a

partic. mark, specific property, attribute of a subordinate class Kap.; {-vacana} n. `"
distinguishing or defining word "', an adjective, apposition Pn. 8-1, 74; a special text,
special rule or precept W.; {-vat} mfn. pursuing something particular MBh. ii, 849;
possessed of some distinguishing property or specific quality BhP.; excellent, superior,
better than (abl.) MBh. Hariv.; making a difference (see {a-v-}); {-vAda} m. the above
doctrine of the Vais'eshikas; ({-TIkA} f. N. of wk.; {-din} m. an adherent of that doctrine
Snkhyak. Sch.); {-vikrama-ruci} mfn. taking delight in splendid heroism Bhartri.; {vid} mfn. = {jJa} MBh.; {-vidvas} m. `" eminently learned "', a sage, philosopher W.; {vidhi} m. a special rule or observance W.; {-vyApti} f. (in logic) a form of Vypti or
pervasion L.; N. of wk. (also {-rahasya} n.); {-zArGgadhara} m. N. of wk.; {-zAlin} mfn.
possessing peculiar merit or excellence Kir.; {-zAstra} n. (in gram.) a special rule(=
{apavAda}) MW.; {-sthu} mfn. being (found only) in excellent persons or things
Kvya7d. ii, 170; {-SA7tideza} m. a spspecial supplementary rule ib.; {-SA7mRta} n. N.
of wk.; {-SA7rtha} m. the sense or essence of distinction, difference ({am} ind. for the
sake of ddifference MW.); {-prakAzikA} f. {-bodhikA} f. N. of wks.; {-SA7rthin} mfn.
seeking for excellence or distinction MBh.; particular in searching for anything MW.; ({thi}) {-tA} f. the searching for something better Pacat.; {-SA7vasyakaniryukti} f. N. of
wk.; {-So7kti} f. `" mention of difference "'N. of a figure of speech (in which the
excellence of a thing is implied by comparing it to some highly prized object, yet
mentioning the difference e.g. {dyUtaMnAma puruSasyA7siMhA7sanaM rAjyam}, `"
truly gambling is a mas throneless kingdom "' Mriicch. ii, 6/7) Vm. iv, 3, 23 (cf.
Kvyad. ii, 323 &c.) [991, 1]; enumeration of merits, panegyric W.; {-SA7cchvasita} n.
the peculiar breath or life, cherished object), a peculiar treasure (applied to an object
especially dear) MW.; {-So7ddeza} m. (in Nyya) a partic. kind of enunciation ib.
visheshhataH = especially

visheshhasanghaan.h = specifically assembled

visheshhaGYa = the knowledgeable or wise person
vishyati = (4 pp) to pierce
vishleshha = lonely (antonym of aashleshha which is embrace)
vishuucIna * = mfn. going apart or in different directions, spreading everywhere RV.
AV. VS. TS. BhP.; n. = %{manas} BhP.
vis'vaM = the universe
vis'va* = mf({A})n. (prob. fr. 1. {viz}, to pervade cf. Un. i, 151; declined as a pron. like
{sarva}, by which it is superseded in the Brhmanas and later language) all, every, every
one; whole, entire, universal RV. &c. &c.; all-pervading or all-containing, omnipresent
(applied to Vishnu-Kriishna, the soul, intellect &c.) Up. MBh. &c.; m. (in phil.) the
intellectual faculty or (accord. to some) the faculty which perceives individuality or the
individual underlying the gross body ({sthUla-zarIra-vyaSty-upahita}) Veda7ntas.; N. of
a class of gods cf. below; N. of the number `" thirteen "' Gol.; of a class of deceased
ancestors MrkP.; of a king MBh.; of a well-known dictionary = {vizva-prakAza}; pl.
({vi4zve}, with or scil. {devA4s} cf. {vizve-deva}, p. 995) `" all the gods collectively "' or
the, All-gods "' (a partic. class of gods, forming one of the 9 Ganas enumerated under
{gaNadevatA} q.v.; accord. to the Vishnu and other Purnas they were sons of Vis'v,
daughter of Daksha, and their names are as follow, 1. Vasu, 2. Satya, 3. Kratu, 4.
Daksha, 5. Kla, 6. Kma, 7. Dhriiti, 8. Kuru, 9. Pur-ravas, 10. Mdravas [?]; two
others are added by some, viz. 11. Rocaka or Locana, 12. Dhvani [or Dhri; or this may

make 13]: they are particularly worshipped at S'rddhas and at the Vais'vadeva
ceremony [RTL. 416] [992,3]; moreover accord. to Manu [iii, 90, 121], offerings should
be made to them daily - these privileges having been bestowed on them by Brahm and
the Pitriis, as a reward for severe austerities they had performed on the Hima7laya:
sometimes it is difficult to decide whether the expression {vizve devAH} refers to all the
gods or to the particular troop of deities described above) RV. &c.; &c.; ({A}) f. the earth
L. (loc. pl. `" in all places, everywhere "' RV. viii, 106, 2); dry ginger L.; Piper Longum
L.; Asparagus Racemosus L.; = {ati-viSA}, or {viSA} L.; N. of one of the tongues of Agni
MrkP.; a partic. weight L.; N. of a daughter of Daksha (the wife of Dharma and mother
of the Vis've Devh) MBh. Hariv. Pur.; of a river BhP.; n. the whole world, universe AV.
&c.&c.; dry ginger Sus'r.; myrrh L.; a mystical N. of the sound {o} Up.
vishva* = mfn. injurious, hurtful, mischievous (= {hiMsra}) L.
vishvataaH = from all around the world
vishvatomukhaM = and in the universal form
vishvatomukhaH = Brahma
vishvamaaryaM = vishvaM:Universe and AryaM: (acc.sing.):noble person
vishvamuurte = O universal form
vishvaruupa = in the form of the universe
vishvavidyaalayaH = (m) university

vishvavedaaH = one who has understood the world(vishva)

vis'vadeva* = ({vizva4-}) mfn. all-divine RV. Hariv.; m. N. of a god Hariv.; of a teacher
Cat.; Pl. a partic. class of deities, the Vis've Devh (see {vizva} above) RV. VS. Hariv.
VarBriS.; ({A}) f. Uraria Lagopedioides Sus'r.; Hedysarum LagopLagopedioides W.; a
species of red-flowering Dando7tpala L.; {-tA} f. pl. the Vis've Devh L.; {-dIkSitIya} n.
N. of wk.; {-netra} ({vizva4-deva-}) mfn. led by the VVis've DDevh VS.; {-bhakta}
mfn. (prob.) inhabited by worshippers of the VVis've DDevh (g. {aiSukAry-Adi}); {vat} ({vizva4-deva-}) mfn. united with all gods AV.
vizvAyana *= mfn. penetrating every where , all-knowing Hariv.
vis've-deva* = m. pl. the Vis've Devh (see under {vizva}) Pur.; sg. N. of the number `"
thirteen "' (at the end of the Sandeha-vishau9shadhi); of Mahpurusha Hariv.; of an
Asura ib.; or another divine being Kthh.; ({A}) f. Uraria Lagopodioides L.
vishvasya = universe
vishvaamitra = vishvAmitra's
vis'vaasa = faith * = m. confidence, trust, reliance, faith or belief in (loc. gen. instr. with
or without %{saha}, or comp.) MBh. Ka1v. &c.; a confidential communication, secret
Das3. Hit.; %{-kAraka} mf(%{ikA})n. inspiring confidence, causing trust MBh.; %{kAraNa} n. reason for cconfidence Hit.; %{-kArya} n. a confidential matter of business
Hit.; %{-kRt} mfn. = %{-kAraka} W.; %{-ghAta} m. destruction of confidence, violation
of trust, treachery Ra1matUp.; %{-ghAtaka} or %{-ghAtin} mfn. one who destroys
cconfidence, a traitor MBh. R. &c.; %{-janman} mfn. produced from cconfidence

MW.; %{-devI} f. N. of the patroness of Vidya1-pati (to whom he dedicated his Gan3ga1va1kya7vali1, a wk. on the worship of the water of the Ganges) Cat.; %{-parama} mfn.
wholly possessed of cconfidence, thoroughly trustful R.; %{-pAtra} n. `" receptacle of
confidence "', a trustworthy person Hit.; %{-pratipanna} mfn. possessed of cconfidence,
trustful Hit.; %{-prada} mfn. inspiring cconfidence W.; %{-bhaGga} m. violation of
cconfidence, breach of faith Ma1lati1m.; %{-bhUmi} f. `" ground for cconfidence "', a
trustworthy person Hit.; %{-maya} mf(%{I})n. consisting in cconfidence Ja1takam.; %
{-rAya} m. N. of a minister Cat.; %{-sthAna} n. `" place for or object of cconfidence "', a
hostage, surety Pan5cat.; %{-hantR} (Ma1rkP.) or %{-hartR} (MBh.) m. `" destroyer or
stealer of cconfidence "', a traitor; %{-sai9ka-bhU} f. `" sole ground for cconfidence "',
sole trustworthy person, Kusum.; %{-sai9ka-sAra} m. `" one whose sole essence is
cconfidence "'N. of a man MW.; %{zo7jjhita-dhI} mfn. `" one whose mind has
abandoned cconfidence "', distrustful, suspicious Ra1jat. [995,2]; %{-so7pagama} m.
access of cconfidence S3ak.
vishvaasabhuumi = trustworthy
vishve = the Visvedevas
vishveshvara = O Lord of the universe
visha = poison
vishaaya *= Nom. A1. %{-yate} (m. c. also P. %{-yati}) , to become poison , turn into
poison Bhartr2. Subh.
vishama = odd (as in odd or even)

vishamiva = like poison

vishame = in this hour of crisis
vishaya = kingdom (here)
vishayaaH = on the subject matter
vishayaan.h = sense objects
vishaya *= m. (ifc. f. %{A} ; prob. either fr 1. %{viS} , `" to act "' , or fr. %{vi} + %{si} , `"
to extend "' cf. Pa1n2. 8-3 , 70 Sch.) sphere (of influence or activity) , dominion ,
kingdom , territory , region , district , country , abode (pl. = lands , possessions) Mn.
MBh. &c. ; scope , compass , horizon , range , reach (of eyes , ears , mind &c.)
S3a1n3khS3r. MBh. &c. ; period or duration (of life) Pan5cat. ; special sphere or
department , peculiar province or tield of action , peculiar element , concern (ifc. = `"
concerned with , belonging to , intently engaged on "' ; %{viSaye} , with gen. or ifc. = `"
in the sphere of , with regard or reference to "' ; %{atra@viSaye} , `" with regard to this
object "') MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; space or room (sometimes = fitness) for (gen.) Ka1v. Pan5cat.
; an object of sense (these are five in number , the five %{indriya} , or organs of sense
having each their proper %{viSaya} or object , viz. 1. %{zabda} , `" sound "' , for the ear
cf. %{zruti-viSaya} ; 2. %{sparza} , `" tangibility "' , for the skin ; 3. %{rUpa} , `" form "'
or `" colour "' , for the eye ; 4. %{rasa} , `" savour "' , for the tongue ; 5. %{gandha} , `"
odour "' for the nose: and these five Vishayas are sometimes called the Gun2as or `"
properties "' of the five elements , ether , air , fire , water , earth , respectively ; cf. %
{zruti-viSaya-guNa}) Ya1jn5. S3am2k. Sarvad. IW. 83 ; a symbolical N. of the number `"
five "' VarBr2S. ; anything perceptible by the senses , any object of affection or concern

or attention , any special worldly object or aim or matter or business , (pl.) sensual
enjoyments , sensuality Kat2hUp. Mn. MBh. &c. ; any subject or topic , subject-matter
MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; an object (as opp. to `" a subject "') Sarvad. [997,2] ; a fit or suitable
object (`" for "' dat. gen. , or comp.) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; (in phil.) the subject of an
argument , category , general head (one of the 5 members of an Adhikaran2a [q.v.] , the
other 4 being %{vizaya} or %{saMzaya} , %{pUrva-pakSa} , %{uttara-pakSa} or %
{siddhA7nta} , and %{saMgati} or %{nirNaya}) Sarvad. ; un-organic matter IW. 73 ; (in
gram.) limited or restricted sphere (e.g. %{chandasi@viSaye} , `" only in the Veda "')
Ka1s3. (ifc. = restricted or exclusively belonging to) ; (in rhet.) the subject of a
comparison (e.g. in the comp. `" lotus-eye "' the second member is the %{viSaya} , and
the first the %{viSayin}) Kuval. Prata1p. ; a country with more than 100 villages L. ; a
refuge , asylum W. ; a religious obligation or observance ib. ; a lover , husband ib. ;
semen virile ib.
vishaye = in topics, in subjects
vishaaNa = horns
vis'aarada mf(%{A})n. experienced, skilled or proficient in, conversant with (loc. or
comp. ; %{-tva} n. Pan5cad.) Mn. MBh. &c. ; learned, wise W. ; clever (as a speech) BhP.
; of a clear or serene mind Lalit. ; famous, celebrated W. ; beautifully autumnal Va1s. ;
lacking the gift of speech ib. ; bold, impudent ib. ; = %{zreSTha} L.: m. Mimusops Elengi
Kir. Sch. ; N. of an author and of another person Cat. ; (%{A}) f. a kind of Alhagi L. ; %{di-man} m. skill, proficiency, conversancy Harav.
vishaadaM = moroseness

vishaadi = morose
vishiidan.h = while lamenting
vishiidantaM = lamenting
vishheshhataa = difference
vishhopameyaM = poison-like
vis'lesha *= m. loosening, separation, dissolution, disjunction, falling asunder Katha1s.
Sus3r. (%{saMdhau@v-} or %{saMdhi-v-}, non-union of letters, hiatus Sa1h.);
separation (esp. of lovers) Ka1v. Katha1s.; a chasm MW.; (in arithm.) the converse of
addition Gan2it.; %{-jAti} f. (in arithm.) the assimilation of difference, reduction of
fractional ddifference Li1l.; %{-sUtra} n. a rule for (an operation which is) the converse
of addition Col.
vishthabhya = pervading
vishthhitaM = situated
vishNu = the preserver of life
vishNuH = the Lord MahaavishhNu
vishNutvaM = the quality/state of Brahman/god-realisation
vishNo = O Lord Visnu

vis'iirNa* = mfn. broken, shattered &c.; scattered, dispersed (as an army) R.; fallen out
(as teeth) Ka1v.; squandered (as a treasure) MBh.; rubbed off (as unguent) Ga1rud2aP.;
frustrated (as an enterprise), S3a1ntis3.; destroyed (as a town) R.; %{-jirNa-vasana} n.
pl. worn and shattered garments Bhartr2.; %{-tA} f. crumbling or falling to pieces
Ka1m.; %{-dhAra} mfn. intermittent (as urine) BhP.; %{-paGkti} mfn. having broken
ranks or lines Ragh.; %{-parNa} m. Azadirachta Indica L.; %{-mUrti} mfn. having the
body destroyed (said of Ka1ma-deva) Kum.
vishthara * = m. ( %{stR}) anything spread out , a handful of rushes or grass for sitting
on (esp. the seat of the presiding Bra1hman at a sacrifice) Gr2S3rS. MBh. ; a seat made
of 25 shoots of Kus3a grass tied up in a sheaf W. ; a tree L. ; N. of a divine being reckoned
among the Vis3ve Deva1h2 Hariv. ; m. n. any seat or couch , chair , stool &c. MBh. Ka1v.
&c. ; mfn. = %{vi-stara} , extensive , wide (?) see comp. ; %{-bhAj} mfn. occupying a seat
, seated Ragh. ; %{-zrava} m. = next Hcat. ; %{-zravas} m. `" broad-eared "' or `" farfamed "'N. of Vishn2u-Kr2ishn2a MBh. Hariv. S3is3. ; of S3iva S3ivag. ; %{-stha} mfn.
sitting on a seat , reclining on a bed (of leaves &c.) W. ; %{-rA7zva} m. N. of a son of
Pr2ithu Hariv. ; %{-ro7ttara} mfn. covered with Kus3a grass MW.
vishthaara *= m. a layer of grass (?) RV. v , 52 , 10 (others `" the far spread host , scil. of
the Maruts "') ; a kind of metre (cf. next and Pa1n2. 3-3 , 34 ; viii , 3 , 94) ; %{-paGkti}
(%{-TAra4-}) f. a partic. form of Pan3kti metre (consisting of 8 x 12 x 12 x 8 syllables)
VS. RPra1t. ; %{-bRhatI} f. a species of Br2ihati1 (8 x 10 x 10 x 8 syllables) RPra1t.
vishusprisha = touched, tinged with poison (poison-tipped arrow?)
vishvaksena* = m. (sometimes written {vizvak-s-}) `" whose hosts or powers go
everywhere "'N. of Vishnu-Kriishna (or of a partic. form of that deity to whom the

fragments of a sacrifice are offered) MBh. Kv. &c.; of S'iva MBh. xiii, 1168; of an
attendant of Vishnu Pur.; of a Sdhya Hariv.; of the 14th (or 13th) Manu VP.; of a Riishi
MBh.; of a king R.; of a son of Brahma-datta Hariv. Pur.; of a son of S'ambara Hariv.;
({A}) f. a kind of plant (= {priyaGgu} or {phalinI}) L.; {-kAntA} f. a kind of plant (=
{priyaGgu} or a Diascorea) Car.; {-priyA} f. `" beloved of Vishnu "'N. of Lakshm L.; a
Diascorea L.; {-saMhitA} f. N. of wk.
vismaraNa *= n. the act of forgetting , oblivion Kap. S3ak.
vismaarita *= (fr. Caus.) caused to forget anything (acc.) Rjat.; caused to be forgotten,
lost to memory BhP.
vismaya *=wonder, surprise, amazement, bewilderment, perplexity; pride, arrogance;
doubt, uncertainty, mfn. causing astonishment or admiration, astonishing, wonderful
mfn. manifesting pride or arrogance Hcat.; mfn. filled with astonishment and perplexity
Kaths.; {-harSa-mUla} mfn. caused by astonishment and Joy MW.; {-yA7kula}, {yA7nvita} or mfn. filled with astonishment or wonder; mfn. having eyes wide open or
staring with astonishment. \\mfn. amazed, surprised, perplexed MaitrUp. MBh. &c.;
wondered at, surprising R. BhP.; proud, arrogant BhP.; n. and ({A}) f. a kind of metre
Col.; {-mAnasa} mfn. surprised or perplexed in mind MW.; {-tA7nana} mfn. having a
surprised face ib.
vismayapadaM = object of wonder
vismayaavishhTaH = being overwhelmed with wonder
vismitaaH = in wonder

vismri * = P. %{-smarati} (m. c. also A1.) , to forget , be unmindful of (acc. or gen.)

MBh. Ka1v. &c.: Pass. %{-smaryate} (aor. %{vy-asmAri}) , to be forgotten Ra1jat.: Caus.
%{-smArayati} (fut. %{-smArayiSyate}) , to cause to forget Vikr. iii , 18: Desid. of Caus.
see %{vi-sismArayiSu}.
vismrita * = mfn. one who has forgotten anything , forgetful of (acc. or comp.) Ka1v. ;
forgetful of all R. ii , 58 , 30 ; forgotten by (instr. or gen.) R. Ka1lid. Ra1jat. &c. ; %{pUrva-saMskAra} mfn. forgetting a former promise or resolution MW. ; m. N. of Bhavabhu1ti L. ; %{-vat} mfn. one who has forgotten S3ak. ; %{-saMskAra} mfn. one who
forgets an agreement MW.
vismriti * = f. forgetfulness , loss of memory , oblivion Ka1v. VarBr2S. Katha1s.
visphotha * = m. cracking, crashing MBh. ; a blister, boil Ka1v. Katha1s. Sus3r. ; mfn.
open DivyA7v.\\ &c. see above under %{vi-sphuT}. [1002,2]
visphuth * = P. %{-sphuTati}, %{-sphoTati} (fut. %{-sphuTiSyati}), to burst open, be
split or cleft or rent asunder R. Ma1rkP.
visphutha * = mfn. burst open, gaping (%{-TI-kRta} mfn. = next) Sus3r.
visphuthita * = mfn. opened, burst MBh.
visphur * = (cf. %{vi-sphar}) P. %{-sphurati}, or %{-Sphurati} (Pa1n2. 8-3, 76), to dart
asunder (intr.) RV. S3Br. ; to quiver, tremble, writhe, struggle MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; to
vibrate, flash, glitter ib. ; to break forth, appear Subh. S3a1rn3gS.
visphura * = mfn. opening the eyes wide R.

visphuraNa * = n. quivering (of lightning) Harav. (cf. also %{buddhi-visphuraNa}).

visphurita * = mfn. trembling, quivering, palpitating (%{-tA7dhara} mfn. having
quivering lips BhP. ; %{-tekSaNa} mfn. having trembling eyes R.) ; flashing, glittering (%
{-zastra} mfn. with glittering weapons Uttarar.) ; swollen, enlarged W. ; n. = %{sphuraNa} Ja1takam.
visphuurjita * = mfn. resounded, resounding &c. ; broken forth, appeared Ka1v. ;
outstretched Sus3r. ; shaken, agitated BhP. ; m. N. of a serpent-demon Buddh. ; n. the
act of rumbling, resounding, roaring, thundering MBh. R. BhP. ; breaking forth, sudden
manifestation of (comp.) Ragh. Prab. ; knitting, contraction (of the brows) BhP.
visrijan.h = giving up
visrijaami = I create
visphuraNai = by emanation
visrijya = putting aside *= visRjya mfn. to be sent out or let go &c.; to be (or being)
produced or effected (as subst. = `" effect "') BhP
visrishTa * = mfn. sent or poured forth, let go, allowed to flow or run, discharged,
emitted, shed, cast, thrown, hurled RV. &c. &c.; spat out VP.; removed TS.; turned,
directed Mr2icch.; deprived or destitute of (instr.) BhP.; spread, diffused AV.; opened
Vait.; (ifc.) bestowed on Ma1rkP.; produced, created, founded R. Ragh.; n. (in gram.) =
%{vi-sarjanIya} Ka1t.; %{-dhena} (%{vi4-}) mfn. streaming or yielding milk RV.; %{bhUmi} mfn. one who has space or room given (to sit down &c.) MW.; %{-rAti} (%{vi4-})
mfn. munificent in gifts RV.; %{-vat} mfn. one who has sent out or despatched

(messengers) Katha1s.; %{-vAc} mfn. uttering words i.e. breaking silence A1s3vS3r.; %{tA7tman} mfn. one who has cast off (i.e. does not care for) his own self, unselfish R.
visrishtha *= mfn. sent or poured forth, let go, allowed to flow or run, discharged,
emitted, shed, cast, thrown, hurled RV. &c. &c. ; spat out VP. ; removed TS. ; turned,
directed Mr2icch. ; deprived or destitute of (instr.) BhP. ; spread, diffused AV. ; opened
Vait. ; (ifc.) bestowed on Ma1rkP. ; produced, created, founded R. Ragh. ; n. (in gram.) =
%{vi-sarjanIya} Ka1t. ; %{-dhena} (%{vi4-}) mfn. streaming or yielding milk RV. ; %{bhUmi} mfn. one who has space or room given (to sit down &c.) MW. ; %{-rAti} (%{vi4}) mfn. munificent in gifts RV. ; %{-vat} mfn. one who has sent out or despatched
(messengers) Katha1s. ; %{-vAc} mfn. uttering words i.e. breaking silence A1s3vS3r. ; %
{-tA7tman} mfn. one who has cast off (i.e. does not care for) his own self, unselfish R.
vistaarita = expanded
vistaara *= m. (ifc. f. %{A} ; cf. %{vi-stara}) spreading , expansion , extent , width MBh.
Ka1v. &c. ; becoming large or great (met. said of the heart) Sa1h. ; the breadth of a circle
i.e. its diameter Col. ; specification , detailed enumeration or description Ya1jn5. Sus3r.
(%{eNa} , diffusely , at length , prob. w.r. for %{vistareNa} R. iii , 4 , 4) ; the branch of a
tree with its new shoots L. ; a shrub L. ; the diameter of a circle L.
vistaaraM = the expansion
vistara *= mfn. extensive , long (as a story) Sa1h. ; m. (ifc. f. %{A} ; cf. %{vi-stAra} and
Pa1n2. 3-3 , 31 Va1m. v , 2 , 41) spreading , extension , expansion , prolixity , diffuseness
MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; a multitude , number , quantity , assemblage , large company Mn. R.
VarBr2S. &c. ; becoming large or great (met. applied to the heart) Das3. ; high degree ,

intensity , MBIi. Hariv. BhP. ; (pl.) great wealth or riches MBh. ; detail , particulars , full
or detailed description , amplification (also as direction to a narrator = %
{vistareNa@kAryam} , `" give full particulars "' ; %{eNa} or %{At} ind. diffusely , at
length , fully , in detail ; %{-rI-kR} , to spread , divulge , expand) MBh. R. &c. ; (ifc.) an
extensive treatise Cu1lUp. ; affectionate solicitation L. ; a layer , bed , couch (= %{viSTara}) L. ; (%{A}) f. a partic. S3akti Hcat. ; %{-tas} ind. diffusely , at length Ka1v. Pur.
&c. ; %{-tA} f. extension , spreading R2itus. ; %{-bhIru} mfn. afraid of diffuseness
Sarvad. ; %{-zaGkA} f. fear of diffdiffuseness Sa1h. ; %{-zas} ind. = %{-tas} Mn. MBh.
&c.
vistaraH = the expanse
vistarashaH = in detail
vistarasya = to the extent
vistareNa = in detail
vistyArayam *V: expanding
vis'uddha* = mfn. completely cleansed or purified (also in a ritual sense), clean, clear,
pure (lit.and fig.) Mn. MBh. &c.; free from vice, virtuous, honest MBh. Kv. &c.;
brilliantly white (as teeth) Riitus.; thoroughly settled or established or fixed or
determined or ascertained ib.; (ifc.) one who has gone through or thoroughly completed
({upadeza-v-}) Mlav.; cleared i.e. exhausted, empty (as a treasury) Rjat.; (in alg.)
subtracted Gol.; n. a kind of mystical circle in the body (cf. {cakra} and {vi-zuddhi-c-});
{-karaNa} mfn. one whose acts are pure or virtuous BhP.; {-gAtra-tA} f. the having

bright or pure limbs (a minor mark of a Buddha) Dharmas'. 84; {-cAritra} m. `" of
virtuous conduct "'N. of a Bodhi-sattva SaddhP.; {-tA}, f. (Kv.), {-tva} n. (S'ank.) purity;
{-dhiSaNa} mfn. having the mind purified BhP.; {-dhI} mfn. id. Rjat.; {-dhIra} mfn.
pure and grave Kaths.; {-netra-tA} f. having the eyes bright (one of the minor marks of
a Buddha) Dharmas'. 84; {-pArSNi} mfn. having the rear or back protected or covered
Km.; {-prakRti} mfn. of pure or virtuous disposition Rjat.; {-bhAva} (R.), {-manas}
(Bhartri.) mfn. pure-minded; {-mugdha} mfn. ppure and innocent Mlatm.; {-rasadIpikA} f. N. of wk.; {-vaMzya} mfn. of a ppure or virtuous family Rjat.; {-sattva} mfn.
of a pure character MundUp.; {-sattva-pradhAna} mfn. chiefly characterized by pure
goodness MW.; {-sattva-vijJAna} mfn. of pure character and understanding R.; {-siMha}
m. N. of a man Buddh.; {svara-nirghoSA} f. a partic. Dhran Buddh.; {-ddhA7tman}
mfn. of a ppure nature or character MBh. R. &c.; {-ddhe7zvara-tantra} n. N. of a
Tantra.
vitaana * = mfn. (for 2. see under %{vi-tan}) `" out of tune "', dejected, sad Ragh. vi,
86; empty Harav. (also in %{av-} S3is3. iii, 50); dull, stupid W.; wicked, abandoned ib.;
%{-nI-bhUta} mfn. being sad or dejected Ja1takam. // 2 m. n. (for 1. see p. 950, col. 3)
extension, great extent or quantity, mass, heap, plenty, abundance Ka1v. VarBr2S.; high
degree Bhartr2.; manifoldness, variety Gi1t.; performance, accomplishment,
development, growth BhP.; an oblation, sacrifice MBh. S3is3. BhP.; an awning, canopy,
cover MBh. Ka1v. &c.; the separate arrangement of the three sacred fires or the separate
fires themselves Gr2S3rS.; m. or n. (?) a partic. bandage for the head Sus3r.; (%{A}) f.
N. of the wife of Sattra1yan2a BhP.; n. N. of a partic. metre or of a class of metres Pin3g.
Sch. Col.; leisure, opportunity L.; %{-kalpa} m. N. of a Paris3isht2a belonging to the
Atharva-veda Caran2.; %{-mUlaka} n. the root of Andropogon Muricatus L.; %{-vat}
mfn. having a canopy or awning Kum.

vitan * = P. A1. %{-tanoti}, %{-tanute} (fut. %{-tAyitA} BhP.), to spread out or through
or over, cover, pervade, fill TUp. MBh. &c.; to spread, stretch, extend (a net, snare, cord
&c.) RV. &c. &c.; to draw or bend (a bow) MBh.; to spread out i.e. lay on, impose (a
yoke) RV.; to apply (ointment) Ka1v.; to extend, make wide (with %{tanva4s}, the bodies,
= to oppose or resist boldly RV.; with %{padAni}, steps, = to stride Gi1t.); to unfold,
display, exhibit, manifest RV. &c. &c.; to carry out, perform, accomplish (esp. a rite or
ceremony) ib.; to sacrifice Hariv.; to cause, effect, produce Sa1h.; to make, render (two
acc.) Prasannar. vitataH = are spread
vitana * = see %{Ahara-vitanA}.
vitana * = 2 m. n. (for 1. see p. 950 , col. 3) extension , great extent or quantity , mass ,
heap , plenty , abundance Ka1v. VarBr2S. ; high degree Bhartr2. ; manifoldness , variety
Gi1t. ; performance , accomplishment , development , growth BhP. ; an oblation ,
sacrifice MBh. S3is3. BhP. ; an awning , canopy , cover MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; the separate
arrangement of the three sacred fires or the separate fires themselves Gr2S3rS. ; m. or n.
(?) a partic. bandage for the head Sus3r. ; (%{A}) f. N. of the wife of Sattra1yan2a BhP. ;
n. N. of a partic. metre or of a class of metres Pin3g. Sch. Col. ; leisure , opportunity L. ;
%{-kalpa} m. N. of a Paris3isht2a belonging to the Atharva-veda Caran2. ; %{-mUlaka}
n. the root of Andropogon Muricatus L. ; %{-vat} mfn. having a canopy or awning Kum.
vitana * = see %{Ahara-vitanA}.
vitarati = to distribute
vitarka = discernment* = m. conjecture, supposition, guess, fancy, imagination, opinion
MBh. Kv. &c.; doubt, uncertainty Yogas. Sarvad.; a dubious or questionable matter

Yogas.; reasoning, deliberation, consideration Kv. Sh.; purpose, intention Jtakam.; a

teacher, instructor in divine knowledge W.; a partic. class of Yogis Jtakam.; N. of a son
of Dhriita-rshthra MBh.; pl. N. of the five principal sins Jtakam.; {-padavI} f. the path
of conjecture or supposition Prab.; {-vat} mfn. (speech) containing a cconjecture or
ssupposition Das'ar.
vitasti * = f. (once in Hcat. m.; prob. fr. {tan}) a partic. measure of length (defined either
as a long span between the extended thumb and little finger, or as the distance between
the wrist and the tip of the fingers, and said to = 12 Angulas or about 9 inches) S'Br.
GriS'rS. &c. [963, 1]; {-dezya} mfn. almost a Vitasti long Rjat.
vitata * = mfn. spread out, extended &c.; diffused, drawn (as a bow-string) RV.; bent (as
a bow) R.; covered, filled Hariv.; prepared (as a road) AV.; extensive, far-spreading,
broad, wide ({am} ind.) VS. &c. &c.; n. any stringed instrument (such as a lute &c.) L.; {tva} n. extendedness, expansiveness, largeness Hariv. Pur.; {-dhanvan} mfn. one who
has drawn a bow to its full stretch MBh.; {-vapus} mfn. having an elongated body MW.;
{-tA7dhvara} ({vi4-}) mfn. one who has prepared a sacrifice S'Br.; {-tA7yudha} mfn. =
{vitata-dhanvan} MBh.; {-to7tsava} mfn. one who has arranged a festival Kaths.
vith* = stool, to ask beg
vitri = to distribute
vitrishhNaaM = desirelessness *= vitRSNa mf(%{A})n. id. MBh. ; free from desire , not
desirous of (comp.) BhP. ; (%{A}) f. = next BhP. (cf. under %{vi-tRS}) ; %{-tA} f. %{-tva}
n. freedom from desire , satiety Ka1v.\\ 2 f. (cf. p. 950 , col. 3) thirst for , ardent desire
BhP. ; N. of a river VP.

vitta * = 1 mfn. (for 2. see under 3. {vid}) known, understood (see comp.); celebrated,
notorious, famous for (comp.) Das'. (cf. Pn. 8-2, 58).\\ = 2 mfn. (for 1. see p. 963)
found, acquired, gained, obtained, possessed AV. Br.; caught or seized by (instr. or
comp.) Br. Kaus'.; ({A}) f. taken, married (as a woman) S'Br.; n. anything found, a find
AitBr.; (in later language also pl.) acquisition, wealth, property, goods, substance,
money, power RV. &c. &c.; the second astrological mansion VarYogay.
vitta = money * = see under 1. %{vid} &c. [963,2]\\1 mfn. (for 2. see under 3. %{vid})
known, understood (see comp.) ; celebrated, notorious, famous for (comp.) Das3. (cf.
Pa1n2. 8-2, 58).\\2 mfn. (for 1. see p. 963) found, acquired, gained, obtained, possessed
AV. Br. ; caught or seized by (instr. or comp.) Br. Kaus3. ; (%{A}) f. taken, married (as a
woman) S3Br. ; n. anything found, a find AitBr. ; (in later language also pl.) acquisition,
wealth, property, goods, substance, money, power RV. &c. &c. ; the second astrological
mansion VarYogay.\\ or mfn. = %{vicArita} L.\\vItta mfn. (for %{vi-datta}, 1. %{dA})
APra1t. Sch. (cf. %{parI-tta}).
vittArtha* = m. `" one who knows the matter "', an expert L.
vittakAma* = mfn. desirous of wealth, covetous, avaricious MBh.; {-myA4} ind. (instr. f.)
from avarice AV.
vittaja* = mfn. produced by wwealth Pacat.
vittada* = m. `" wealth-giver "', benefactor W.; ({A}) f. N. of one of the Mtriis attendant
on Skanda MBh.
vittadha* = mfn. `" wwealth-possessing "', rich VS.

vittapa* = mf({A})n. guarding wwealth BhP.; m. N. of Kubera R. Hariv.

vittavat* = mfn. possessing wwealth, opulent, rich s'vS'r. MBh. &c.
vItta* = mfn. (for {vi-datta}, 1. {dA}) APrt. Sch. (cf. {parI-tta}).
vittasaMcaya* = m. accumulation of wwealth or riches R.
vittaM = wealth
vittakoshhaH = (m) bank
vitte = wealth
vitteshaH = the lord of the treasury of the demigods
vivaaha = Wedding *= m. leading away (of the bride from her father's house), taking a
wife, marriage with (instr. with or without %{saha}) AV. &c. &c. (eight kinds of marriage
are enumerated in Mn. iii, 21, viz. Bra1hma, Daiva, A1rsha, Pra1ja1patya, A1sura,
Ga1ndharva, Ra1kshasa, and Pais3a1ca; cf. Ya1jn5.)i. i, 58-61 and IW. 190 &c.); a partic.
wind S3ak. Sch. (prob. w.r. for %{vi-vaha}); a vehicle (and, marriage "' AitBr. vii, 13; n. a
partic. high number Buddh.; %{-karman} n. %{-ma-paddhati} f. N. of wks.; %{-kAma}
mfn. desirous of marriage MW.; %{-kArikA} f. pl. N. of wk.; %{-kAla} m. the (right) time
for mmarriage VarBr2S.; %{-griha} n. `" mmarriage-house "', the house in which a
wedding is celebrated Katha1s.; %{-caturthika} n. or %{-caturthI-karman} n. N. of wks.;
%{-catuSTaya} n. a quadruple mmarriage, the marrying of four wives MW.; %{-tattva}
(or %{udvAha-t-}) n. %{-tattva-dIpikA} f. N. of wks.; %{-dIkSA} f. the mmarriage rite,
mmarriage ceremony Ragh.; (%{-kSA-tilaka} m. n. a Tilaka mark made on the

forehead during a mmarriage cerceremony MW.; %{-kSA-vidhi} m. the preparatory

rites of mmarriage ib.); %{-dvir-Agamanapaddhati} f. N. of wk. (containing rules to be
observed on a bride's coming for the second time from her father's to her husband's
house); %{nepathya} n. a mmarriage-dress Ma1lav.; %{-paTala} m. n. N. of various
wks. (or of that section in an astrological wk. that treats of the times fit for mmarriage);
%{-paTaha} m. a mmarriage-drum Mr2icch.; %{-paddhati} f. %{-prakaraNa} n. (and
%{-Na-TIkA} f.), %{-prayoga} m. %{-bhUSaNa} n. %{-mela-vANI-vidhi} m. N. of wks.;
%{-yajJa} m. a mmarriage-sacrifice MW.; %{-ratna} n. N. of wk.; %{-vidhi} m. the law
of mmarriage Mn. ix, 65 (also N. of wk.); %{-vRndAvana} n. N. of an astrol. wk. by
Kes3ava7rka; %{-veSa} m. (ifc. f. %{A}) a mmarriage-dress Ragh.; %{-samaya} m. = %
{-kAla} Pan5cat.; %{-sambandha} m. relation or connection by mmarriage,
Pracan2d2.; %{-siddhA7nterahasya} n. %{-saukhya} n. N. of wks.; %{-sthAna} n. the
place for a mmarriage-ceremony (before a house) A1pGr2. Sch.; %{-homa} m. =
mmarriage-sacrifice; (%{-ma-vidhi} m. and %{-mo7payuktA@mantrAH} m. pl. N. of
wks.); %{-hA7gni} m. a mmarriage-fire A1s3vGr2.; %{-hA7di-kArmaNAm@prayoga}
m. N. of wk.; %{-hA7rtha} m. purpose of mmarriage, a m. suit MW.; %{-he7cchu} mfn.
desirous of mmarriage ib.; %{-ho7tsava} m. `" marriage feast "'N. of wk. [987,3]
vivaahaM = marriage
vivaha m. `" carrying away "'N. of one of the seven winds MBh. Hariv.; of one of the
seven tongues of fire Col.
vivaara* = m. dilation, expansion W.; (in gram.) open or expanded state of the organs of
speech, expansion of the throat in articulation (one of the bhyantara-prayatnas or
efforts of articulate utterance which take place within the mouth, opp. to {saM-vAra}
q.v.) Pn. 1-1, 9 Sch.

vivaarayishu* = mfn. (fr. Desid. of Caus. of 1. {R}) wishing to keep back or ward off (an
army) MBh.
vivakshaNa* = mfn. ( {vakS}) swelling, exuberant (applied to the Soma) RV. (Sy. `"
gushing "', `" spurting "' or, bringing to heave= {svarga-prA7paNa-zIla}).
vivakshaa = choice* = f. (fr. Desid. of {vac}) the wish or desire to speak or declare or
teach or express Sank. Sarvad. &c.; meaning, signification, sense, sense of (loc. or
comp.) BhP. Pn. Sch. [986, 3]; the (mere) wish or intention to speak, uncertainty,
doubt, hesitation (`" as to "' comp.) MBh. R.; wish, desire W.; a question MW.; {--rtham}
({-kSA7r-}) ind. (ifc.) in order to point out or lay stress upon Pn. Sch.; {-vazAt} ind.
according to the meaning (of a speaker or writer) MW.
vivakshaNa* = mfn. ( {vakS}) swelling, exuberant (applied to the Soma) RV. (Sy. `"
gushing "', `" spurting "' or, bringing to heave= {svarga-prA7paNa-zIla}).
vivakshase* = (fr. {vakS}, or {vac} or {vah}, either 2. sg. A. or Ved. inf.), occurring only
as refrain and without connection with other words in the hymns of Vi-mada RV. x, 24
&c. (accord. to Naigh. iii, 3= {mahat}).
vivakshita* = mfn. wished or intended to be spoken or said, meant, intended MBh. R.
S'ank.; expressly meant, to be urged, essential (in {a-viv-}) S'ank.; chief, favourite Km.;
literal (not figurative) W.; n. what is wished or intended to be spoken &c.; any desired
object or aim ib.; ({A}) f. meaning, purpose, wish (?) ib.; {-tva} n. the being intended or
meant to be said Nlak.
vivakshitavya* = mfn. to be intended or meant to be said, necessarily meant Nyyam.,

Sch {-vakSu4} mfn. calling or crying aloud AV.; wishing to speak, intending to say or
announce or tell or ask anything (acc., rarely gen., or comp.) MBh. Hariv. &c.; wishing to
speak to (acc.) MBh.
vivardhayiSu * = mfn. (fr. Desid. of Caus.) wishing to increase or augment MBh. Hariv.
BhP.
vivas'a* = mf({A})n. deprived or destitute of will, powerless, helpless (`" through "'
comp.), unwilling, involuntary, spontaneous (ibc. `" involuntarily "') Mn. &c. &c.; (only
W.) unrestrained; independent; subject; apprehensive of death; desirous of death (as
being free from worldly cares); m. a town, suburb (?) Gal.; pl. v.l. for {viviMza} below
VP.; {-tA} f. absence of will, helplessness Rjat.; {-zI-kR}, to render helpless; {-zI-kRta},
checked (as a carriage in motion) MBh. Rjat. Kaths.
vivasvataH = of the sun-god
vivasvate = unto the sun-god
vivasvaan.h = Vivasvan (the sun-god's name)
vivarjita = without/ having abandoned
vivaraNa* = mfn. the act of uncovering, spreading out, opening, laying bare or open
TPrt. MBh. Sus'r.; explanation, exposition, interpretation, gloss, comment, translation,
interpretation, specification &c. Pur. S'ank. Sarvad.; a sentence MW.; N. of wk. on
Veda7nta; {-kArikA-bhASya} n. {-catuHsUtrI} f. {-tattva-dIpana} n. {-darpaNa} m. {prameya-saMgraha} m. {-prasthAna} n. {-bhAva-prakAzikA} f. {-ratna} n. {-vraNa} (?)
m. {-saMgraha}, m. {-sAra-saMgraha}, m.; {-NA7panyAsa} m. N. of wks.

vivara* = {vi-varaNa} &c. see under {vi-} 1. {vR}, p. 988.

vivara* = m. n. a fissure, hole, chasm, slit, cleft, hollow, vacuity (also applied to the
apertures of the body and to gaping wounds) RV. &c. &c.; intermediate space, interstice
MBh. Kv. &c.; difference VarBriS. Ganit.; a breach, fault, flaw, vulnerable or weak point
MBh. Kv.; harm, injury MrkP.; expansion, opening, widening BhP.; N. of the number,
nine "' (cf. above and under {randhra}) MW.; a partic. high number Buddh.; {-darzaka}
mfn. showing one's weak points MBh.; {-nAlika} f. a fife, flute L.; {-rA7nuga} mfn.
seeking after (another's) weak points MBh.; {-re-sad} mfn. abiding in intermediate
space, an inhabitant of the sky Kir.
vivarjitaM = devoid of
vivardhanaaH = increasing
vivastra *= mf(%{A})n. without clothes , unclothed , naked MBh. Pur. &c. ; %{-tA} f.
nakedness MBh. Ka1m.
viveka *= m. discrimination, distinction Mn. Sarvad. Sus3r. ; consideration, discussion,
investigation Gi1t. Ma1rkP. Sarvad. ; true knowledge, discretion, right judgment, the
faculty of distinguishing and classifying things according to their real properties ChUp.
Kap. &c. ; (in Veda7nta) the power of separating the invisible Spirit from the visible
world (or spirit from matter, truth from untruth, reality from mere semblance or
illusion) ; a water trough (= %{jala-droNI}) L. [988,1] ; N. of wk. ; %{-kaumudI} f. N. of
wk. ; %{-khyAti} f. right knowledge Sarvad. ; %{-candro7daya} m. %{-cUDAmaNi} m. N.
of wks. ; %{-ja} mfn. produced or arising from discrimination Dharmas. 72 ; %{jJa}

mfn. skilled in discrdiscrimination, intelligent, well acquainted with (comp.) R. &c. ; %

{-jJAna} n. knowledge arising from discrdiscrimination, the faculty of
discrdiscrimination Sarvad. ; %{-tA} w.r. for %{viveki-tA} (q.v.) ; %{-tilaka} m. %{dIpaka} m. (or %{ikA} f.) N. of wks. ; %{-dRzvan} mfn. one who sees or is conversant
with true knowledge (%{-zva-tva} n.) Bhat2t2. ; %{-dhairyA7zraya} m. N. of wk. on
Bhakti (by Vallabha7ca1rya) ; %{-padavI} f. path of discrdiscrimination "', reflection
Katha1s. ; %{-paripanthin} mfn. obstructing right judgment Katha1s. ; %{-phala} n. N.
of wk. ; %{-bhAj} mfn. `" possessed of discrdiscrimination, discerning, wise Bha1m. ; %
{-bhraSTa} mfn. one who has lost the faculty of discrdiscrimination, foolish, unwise
Bhartr2. ; %{-makaranda} m. %{-maJjarI} f. N. of wks. ; %{-mantharatA} f. feebleness
of judgment Ml. ; %{-mArtaNDa} m. N. of various wks. ; %{-rahita} mfn. `" not
separated "' (applied to breasts) and `" wanting discernment "', S3r2in3ga1r. ; %{-vat}
mfn. `" possessing discrdiscrimination "', judicious, discerning Katha1s. ; %{-viguNa}
mfn. wanting discrdiscrimination "', unwise, foolish Ra1jat. ; %{-viraha} m. `" want of
discrdiscrimination "', ignorance, folly, S3a1ntis3. ; %{-vilAsa} m. N. of wk. ; %{vizada} mfn. distinct, clear, intelligible Ra1jat. ; %{-vizrA7nta} mfn. void of
discrdiscrimination, foolish, unwise Ma1lav. ; %{-zataka} n. %{-zloka} m. %{saMgraha} m. %{-sAra} m. %{-saravarNana} n. %{-sAra-siGdhu} m. %{-sindhu}, m. ; %
{-kA7Jjana} n. %{-kA7mRta} n. %{-kA7rNava} m. N. of wks. ; %{-kA7rtham} ind. in
order to distinguish Mn. i, 26 ; %{-kAzrama} m. N. of a man Cat. ; %{-ko7daya} m. the
rise of true knowledge or wisdom, Bhattr2.\\&c. see under %{vi-vic}.
vivekin.h = one who is thoughtful and just
vivic *= P. %{-vinakti}, to sift (esp. grain by tossing or blowing), divide asunder,
separate from (instr. or abl.) S3Br. S3rS. BhP. to shake through (acc.) RV. i, 39, 5 ; to
cause to lose, deprive of (abl.) Bhat2t2. ; to distinguish, discern, discriminate Kat2hUp.

BhP. to decide (a question) MBh. ; to investigate, examine, ponder, deliberate Ka1v.

Katha1s. BhP. ; to show, manifest, declare MBh.: Pass. %{-vicyate}, to go asunder,
separate (in. trans.) AV.: Caus. %{-vecayati}, to separate, distinguish Mn. Sus3r. ; to
ponder, investigate, examine Pan5car. Sa1h.
vivici *= id. (applied to Agni or Indra) RV. Br. A1s3vS3r. ; %{-cI7STi} f. an oblation
made to Agni Vivici TS. Sch.
vividha = varied
vividhaH = various
vividhaaH = various
vividhaiH = various
vivikta = to solitary* = mfn. separated, kept apart, distinguished, discriminated Kap.
MBh. BhP.; isolated, alone, solitary Mn. MBh. &c.; (ifc.) alone with i.e. intent upon (e.g.
{cintA-v-}) MBh.; free from (instr. or comp.) Hariv. Kum.; pure, clean, neat, trim Mn.
MBh. &c.; clear, distinct Hariv. Km.; discriminative, judicious ( = {vi-vekin}) L.;
profound (as judgment or thought) W.; m. = {vasu-nandana} or {vasu-nanda} L.; n.
separation, solitude, a lonely place (see comp.); clearness, purity MrkP.; {-ga} mfn.
going to a lonely place, seeking solitude Kaths.; {-carita} mfn. faultless in conduct or
behaviour BhP.; {-cetas} mfn. pure-minded ib.; {-tarka} mfn. clear in reasoning MW.; {tA} f. separation, isolation, Rjat; clearness, purity Sus'r.; being well, good health ib.;
distinction, discrimination L.; an empty or free place, loneliness MW.; {-tva} n. solitude
Mriicch.; {-dRSTi} mfn. clear-sighted BhP.; {-nAman} m. N. of one of the 7 sons of

Hiranyaretas and of the Varsha ruled by him ib.; {-bhAva} mfn. having a mind separated
or abstracted (from other pursuits), intent on any object W.; {-varNa} mfn. containing
letters or syllables distinctly enunciated MW.; {-zaraNa} (BhP.), {-sevin} (Bhag.) mfn.
resorting to or seeking solitude; {-ktA7sana} mfn. having a secluded seat, sitting at a
sequestered place Mn. ii, 215; {-ktI-kRta} mfn. emptied, cleared Kaths.; left, deserted
Ragh.
viviktasevii = living in a secluded place
vivitsaa* = f. (fr. Desid.) desire of knowing MBh.\\ {vivitsu}, {vividiSu} see p. 964, col. 3.
vivriNute = (Vr. Pr.III Per.S.AP)chooses
vivriddha *= mfn. grown , increased , enhanced , grown up , fully developed , large ,
numerous , abundant , mighty , powerful S3vetUp. MBh. &c. ; %{-matsara} mfn. one
whose anger or resentment is increased MW.
vivriddhaM = increased
vivriddhe = when developed
vivrit* = A1. %{-vartate} (rarely P.) , to turn round , revolve RV. ; to roll , wallow MBh.
Hariv. ; to writhe in convulsions , struggle R. Uttarar. ; to turn hither and thither , move
about (as clouds) Hariv. 3822 (v. l. %{vi-vardhante}) ; to turn back or away , depart ,
part , sever RV. &c. &c. ; to go astray MBh. v , 2861 (v.l. %{ni-vartantam}) ; to be parted
(as hair) TUp. ; to change one's place Sus3r. ; to go down , set (as the sun) MBh. ; to
come forth from (abl.) S3Br. ; to expand , develop S3vetUp. ; (with %{antikam}) , to turn
upon , set upon , attack MBh. iii , 8438: Caus. %{-vartayati} , to turn round (trans.) ,

turn , roll RV. MBh. ; to turn , make or produce by turning (`" out of "' instr.) VP. ; to
cause to turn away , remove , withdraw RV. AV. ; to keep asunder RV. ; to leave behind
ib. ; to cast off (a garment) DivyA7v. ; to accomplish , execute AitA1r.
vivrita * = mfn. uncovered , unconcealed , exposed , naked , bare MBh. Ka1v. &c. ;
unhurt , woundless MBh. iv , 2027 ; unclosed , open A1s3vGr2. Up. Pra1t. MBh. &c. (also
applied to the organs in speaking and to the articulation of partic. sounds , = %{vivRtaprayatno7pe7ta} S3am2k. on ChUp. ii , 22 , 5 ; superl. %{-tama} , APra1t.) ; extensive ,
large , wide W. ; (also %{vI-vRta}) unfolded , exposed , revealed , explained , divulged ,
public , manifest , evident , known MBh. VarBr2S. &c. ; opened i.e. presented , offered
(as an opportunity) BhP. ; (%{am}) ind. openly , publicly , in the sight of every one MBh.
; (%{A}) f. a partic. disease , an ulcer attended with much pain and heat Sus3r. ; a
species of plant ib. ; n. the bare ground MBh. Hariv. ; publicity (loc. `" in public "' or `"
straight out "') MBh. iv , 34 , 4 ; (in gram.) open articulation , approach of the tongue
towards the organ of speech but without contact ; %{-tA} f. the being known , publicity
(acc. with %{gam} , to become known or public) R. ; %{-dvAra} mfn. `" open-gated "' ,
unchecked , unbounded (sorrow) Kum. ; %{-pauruSa} mfn. one whose prowess is
displayed , displaying valour Mn. vii , 102 ; %{-bhAva} mfn. open-hearted , candid ,
sincere , Ma1latim. ; %{-vat} mfn. one who has opened Katha1s. ; %{-snAna} n. bathing
publicly Pa1rGr2. ; %{-smayana} n. an open smile (i.e. one in which the mouth is
sufficiently open to show the teeth) A1s3vS3r. ; %{-tA7kSa} m. openeyed "' , a cock L. (cf.
%{vi-vRttA7kSa}) ; %{-tA7nana} mfn. open-mouthed (%{-tva} n.) Ragh. ; %{-tA7sya}
mfn. id. MW. ; %{-to7kti} f. open or explicit expression (opp. to %{gUDho7kti}) Kuval.
vivRti * = f. making clear or manifest , explanation , exposition , gloss , comment ,
interpretation Sarvad. ; exposure , discovery W. ; %{-vimarzinI} f. N. of wk.

vivyata: *A= shaken, disturbed, agitated, daunted

vivyadh * P. {-vidhyati}, to pierce through, transfix VS.
vivyaadhin * mfn. piercing, transfixing
vivyaduh*: beat attack.
vivyadh * P. {-vidhyati}, to pierce through, transfix
vivyathita * mfn. ( {vyath}) greatly troubled or alarmed
viyoga*= m. disjunction , separation (esp. of lovers) , loss or absence or want of (instr.
with or with out %{saha} abl. , or comp.) Mn. MBh. &c. (%{-gaM} %{gam} , to be lost
Mr2icch. ix , 34/35) ; giving up , getting rid of , abstention from (comp.) Gaut. ;
subtraction Gan2it. ; = %{vi-yuti} , Bi1jag. ; a partic. astrological Yoga Cat. ; %{-tas} ind.
(ifc.) from want of , in consequence of any one's absence Katha1s. ; %{-tA} w.r. for %{-gitA} (q.v.) Katha1s. ; %{-pura} n. N. of a town ib. ; %{-bAhya} mfn. excluded from
separation , not separated MW. ; %{-bhAj} mfn. suffering from sseparated W. ; %{gA7vasAna} mfn. ending in sseparated (%{-tva} n.) MW. ; %{-gA7vaha} mfn. bringing
or causing separation S3a1ntis3.
viyuj *= P. A1. %{-yunakti}, %{-yuGkte}, to disjoin, detach, divide, separate from or
deprive of (instr., rarely abl.) AV. &c. &c.; to part from (instr.) S3am2k.; (A1.) to forsake,
abandon (acc.) Kir.; to relax, abate, yield BhP.: Pass. %{-yujyate}, to be separated from
or deprived of, lose (instr.) MBh. Ka1v. &c.; to break (a vow instr.) Mn., v, 91; to be
relaxed, yield, give way R.: Caus. %{-yojayati}, %{-te}, to cause to be disjoined, separate
or deliver from, deprive of (instr. or abl.) MBh. Ka1v. &c.; to rob MBh.; to subtract Li1l.

viyukta *= mfn. disjoined, detached, separated or delivered from, deprived or destitute

of. deserted by (instr. or comp.) Mn. MBh. &c.; disunited (as husband and wife) Mn. ix,
102; failing, deficient MW.; %{-tA} f. (ifc.) the being free from L.
viyuta *= mfn. separated from, deprived of (instr. or comp.) RV. &c. &c.; not being in
conjunction with (comp.) VarBr2S.; diminished, that from which something has been
subtracted Su1ryas.; (%{A}) f. du.'the two separated ones "', heaven and earth RV. iii, 54,
7; %{-tA7rthaka} mfn. void of meaning, Lvraaja *= 1 m. (for 2. see below) going, movement, motion MW.\\ 2 m. (for 1. see
above) = 2. %{vraja4}, a troop, host, band (%{am} ind. in troops) AV.; a domestic cock
L.
vraata = disciplined course* = m. (connected with 1. {vR}, or with {vrata4} and 2. {vR})
a multitude, flock, assemblage, troop, swarm, group, host ({vrA4taM} {vrAtam}, in
companies or troops; {pa4Jca vrA4tAs}, the five races of men), association, guild RV.
&c. &c.; the company or attendants at a marriage feast W.; = {manuSya} Naigh. ii, 3; the
descendant of an out-caste Brhman &c. (= {vrAtya}) L.; n. manual or bodily labour,
day-labour ib.
vraatiina *= mfn. living by the profession of a Vra1ta Pa1n2. 5-21 ; having no fixed
employment , belonging to a vagrant gang La1t2y. Bhat2t2.
vraja = go* = 1 m. (for 2. see p. 1042, col. 1) a way, road L.; n. wandering, roaming W.
\\2 m. (n. only RV. v, 6, 7; ifc. f. {A}; fr. {vRj}) a fold, stall, cow-pen, cattle-shed,
enclosure or station of herdsmen RV. &c. &c.; m. N. of the district around Agra and

Mathur (the abode of Nanda, of Kriishna's foster-father, and scene of Kriishna's

juvenile adventures; commonly called Braj; cf. {vRji}) Inscr.; a herd, flock, swarm,
troop, host, multitude MBh. Kv. &c. ({saMgrAmaH savrajaH} `" a fight with many "'
MrkP.; {vrajo girimayaH}, prob. = {giri-vraja}, q.v Hariv.); a cloud (= {megha}) Naigh.
i, 10; N. of a son of Havir-dhna Hariv. VP.
vraj cl. i P. (Dha1tup. viii, 79) %{vra4jati} (m.c. also %{-te}; pf. %{vavrA4ja} RV. &c.
&c.; aor. %{avrAjIt} Br. Up.; fut. %{vrajitA} Gr.; %{vrajiSyati} Br. &c.; inf. %{vrajitum}
MBh.; ind. p. %{vrajitvA}, %{-vra4jya}, %{-vrAjam} Br. &c.), to go, walk, proceed,
travel, wander, move (also applied to inanimate objects; with acc. or instr. of the road
acc. of the distance, and acc., rarely loc. or dat., of the place or object gone to; with or
scil. %{padbhyAm}, `" to go on foot "'; with %{upAnadbhyAm} id. lit. `" with shoes "';
with %{dhuryais}, `" to travel by means of beasts of burden "'; with %{paramAMgatim},
`" to attain supreme bliss "'; with %{zaraNam} and acc., `" to take refuge with "'; with %
{mUrdhnA@pAdau} and gen., `" to prostrate one's self at anyone's feet "'; with %
{antam} and gen., `" to come to the end of "'; with %{anyena}, %{anyatra} or %
{anyatas}, `" to go another way or elsewhere "'; with %{adhas}, either `" to sink down [to
hell] "' or `" to be digested [as food] "'; with %{punar}, `" to return to life "') RV. &c. &c.;
to go in order to, be going to (dat. inf. or an adj. ending in %{aka} [e.g. %
{bhojako@vrajati}, he is going to eat "']) Pa1n2. 2-3, 15; iii, 3, 10 &c.; to go to (a woman),
have sexual intercourse with (acc.) Mn. Sus3r.; to go against, attack (an enemy; also with
%{vidviSam}, %{dviSato'bhimukham}, %{abhy-ari} &c.) Mn. Ya1jn5. Ka1m.; to go away.
depart from (abl.), go abroad, retire, withdraw, pass away (as time) MBh. Ka1v. &c.; to
undergo, go to any state or condition, obtain, attain to, become (esp. with acc. of an
abstract noun e.g. with %{vinAzam}, `" to go to destruction, become destroyed "'; with %
{chattratAm}, `" to become a pupil "'; with %{nirvRtim}, `" to grow happy "' [cf. %
{gam}, %{yA} &c.]; with %{sukham}, `" to feel well "'; with %{jIvan}, `" to escape alive

"') ib.: Caus. or cl. 10. P. (Dha1tup. xxxii, 74) %{vrAjayati}, to send, drive, AitAr.; to
prepare, decorate Dha1tup.: Desid. %{vivrajiSati} Gr.: Intens. %{vAvrajate}, %
{vAvrakti}, to go crookedly Pa1n2. 3-1, 23 Sch.
vraja 1 m. (for 2. see p. 1042, col. 1) a way, road L.; n. wandering, roaming W. \\ 2 m.
(n. only RV. v, 6, 7; ifc. f. %{A}; fr. %{vRj}) a fold, stall, cow-pen, cattle-shed, enclosure
or station of herdsmen RV. &c. &c.; m. N. of the district around Agra and Mathura1 (the
abode of Nanda, of Kr2ishn2a's foster-father, and scene of Kr2ishn2a's juvenile
adventures; commonly called Braj; cf. %{vRji}) Inscr.; a herd, flock, swarm, troop, host,
multitude MBh. Ka1v. &c. (%{saMgrAmaH@savrajaH} `" a fight with many "' Ma1rkP.;
%{vrajo@girimayaH}, prob. = %{giri-vraja}, q.v Hariv.); a cloud (= %{megha}) Naigh. i,
10; N. of a son of Havir-dha1na Hariv. VP.
vrajana *= n. going, travelling (%{anyatra}, `" elsewhere "') Pan5cat. ii 62/63 going
into exile ib. iii, 268 (v.l. %{pra-vrajana}); a road, way RV. vii, 3, 2; m. N. of as one of
Aja-mi1d2ha and brother of Jahnu (considered as one of the ancestors of Kus3ika) MBh.
vrajeta = walks
vraNa = injury, wound (masc, neut)
vraNaH = (m) scar
vrata = austerities* = n. (ifc. f. {A}; fr. 2. {vR}) will, command, law, ordinance, rule RV.;
obedience, service ib. AV. s'vGri.; dominion, realm RV.; sphere of action, function,
mode or, manner of life (e.g. {zuci-vr-}, pure manner of life "' S'ak.), conduct, manner,
usage, custom RV. &c. &c.; a religious vow or practice, any pious observance,

meritorious act of devotion or austerity, solemn vow, rule, holy practice (as fasting,
continence &c.; {vrata4M-car}, to observe a vow "', esp., `" to practise chastity "') ib.;
any vow or firm purpose, resolve to (dat. loc., or comp.; {vratAt}, or {vrata-vazAt}, `" in
consequence of a vow "'; cf. {asi-dhArA-vrata} and {AsidhAraM vratam}) MBh. Kv. &c.;
the practice of always eating the same food (cf. {madhu-vr-}) L.; the feeding only on milk
(as a fast or observance according to rule; also the milk itself) VS. Br. KtyS'r.; any food
(in {a-yAcita-vr-} q.v.); = {mahA-vrata} (i.e. a partic. Stotra, and the day for it) Br. S'rS
"'; (with gen. or ifc.) N. of Smans rshBr. (L. also `" month; season; year; fire; `" =
Vishnu; `" N. of one of the seven islands of Antara-dvpa "'); ({vra4ta}) m. (of unknown
meaning) AV. v, 1, 7 pS'r. xiii, 16, 8; N. of a son of Manu and Nadval BhP.; (pl.) N. of a
country belonging to Prcya L.; mfn. = {veda-vrata}, one who has taken the vow of
learning the Veda Griihys. ii, 3 (Sch.)
vrataaH = avowed
vriddha = old, aged *= vRddha 1 mfn. (fr. %{vardh}, p. 926, col. 1) cut, cut off,
destroyed MBh.; n. what is cut off, a piece S3ulbas. (v.l. %{vRdhra}).
\\ 2 mfn. grown, become larger or longer or stronger, increased, augmented, great, large
RV. &c. &c.; grown up, full-grown, advanced in years, aged, old, senior (often in comp.
with the names of authors, esp. of authors of law-books [cf. IW. 300, 302], to denote
either an older recension of their wks. or the wk. of some older authors of the same
name; cf. %{vRddha-kAtyAyana}, %{-garga} &c.) TS. Mn. MBh. &c.; (ifc.) older by Gaut.
vi, 15; experienced, wise, learned MBh. Ka1m.; eminent in, distinguished by (instr. or
comp.) Mn. MBh. &c. [1010,3]; important VPra1t.; exalted, joyful, glad (also applied to
hymns) RV.; (in gram., a vowel) increased (by Vr2iddhi q.v.) to %{A} or %{ai} or %{au},
APra1t. La1t2y.; containing (or treated as containing) %{A} or %{ai} or %{au} in the first
syllable Pa1n2. 1-73 &c.; m. an old man (ifc. `" eldest among "') Mn. MBh. &c. (cf.

comp.); a religious mendicant VarBr2S.; an elephant eighty years old Gal.; Argyreia
Speciosa or Argentea L.; (%{A}) f. an old woman MBh. Ka1v. &c.; m. and (%{A}) f. an
elder male or female descendant, a patronymic or metron. designating an elder
descendant (as opp. to %{yuvan} q.v.; e.g. %{gArgya} is %{vRddha}, %{gArgyAyaNa} is
%{yuvan}) Pa1n2. 1-2, 65 &c.; n. a nominal stem (and some other stems) whose first
syllable contains an %{A} or %{ai} or %{au} Pa1n2. 1-1, 73 &c.; the word %{vRddha} ib.
v, 3, 62.
vridh* cl. 1. . (Dhtup. xviii, 20) {va4rdhate} (Ved. and ep. also {-ti}; pf. {vava4rdha},
{vavRdhe} RV. &c. &c. [Ved. also {vA7vR-}; {vavRdhAti}, {-dhItA4s}, {-dha4sva} RV.;
{vAvRdhe4te} RV.; p. {vA8vRdha4t} RV. AV.; aor. Ved. {avRdhat}, {vRdhAtas}, {dhAtu}; p. {vRdha4t}, {-dhAna4}]; {avardhiSTa} MBh. &c.; Prec. {vardhiSIma4hi} VS.;
fut. {vardhitA} Gr.; {vartsyati} Kv.; {vardhiSyate} Gr.; inf. Ved. {vRdhe} [`" for increase
"', `" to make glad "'], {vRdha4se}, {vAvRdha4dhyai}; Class. {vardhitum}; ind. p.
{vRddhvA}, or {vardhitvA} Gr.; in MBh. {vRdh} is sometimes confounded with 1. {vRt}),
trans. P., to increase, augment, strengthen, cause to prosper or thrive RV. AV. S'Br.
MBh.; to elevate, exalt, gladden, cheer, exhilarate (esp. the gods, with praise or sacrifice)
RV.; (intrans. .; in Ved. P. in pf. and aor.; in Class. P. in aor. fut. and cond.; also P. m.
c. in other forms), to grow, grow up, increase, be filled or extended, become longer or
stronger, thrive, prosper, succeed RV. &c. &c.; to rise, ascend (as the scale in ordeals)
Yj. Sch.; to be exalted or elevated, feel animated or inspired or excited by (instr. loc.
gen.) or in regard to (dat.), become joyful, have cause for congratulation ({vRdhaH}, {dhat} in sacrificial formulas = `" mayest thou or may he prosper "'; in later language
often with {diStyA}) RV. &c. &c.: Caus. {vardha4yati}, {-te} (in later language also
{vardhApayati}; aor. Ved. {avIvRdhat}, {-dhata}), to cause to increase or grow, augment,
increase, make larger or longer, heighten, strengthen, further, promote (. `" for one's
self "') RV. &c. &c.; to rear, cherish, foster, bring up ib.; to elevate, raise to power, cause

to prosper or thrive AV. S'Br. MBh. &c.; to exalt, magnify, glorify (esp. the gods), make
joyful, gladden (. in Ved. also= to rejoice, be joyful, take delight in [instr.], enjoy RV.
&c. &c.; (with. or scil. {diSTyA}) to congratulate Kd.; (cl. 10. accord. to Dhtup. xxxiii,
109) `" to speak "' or `" to shine "' ({bhASA7rthe} or {bhAsA7rthe}): Desid. of Caus. see
{vivardhayiSu}: Desid. {vivardhiSate} or {vivRtsati} Gr.: Intens. {varivRdhyate},
{varivRdhIti} ib.
vriddhatA * f. = {-tva} MBh.; (ifc.) pre-eminence in (e.g. {jJAna-v-}, `" in knowledge "')
Prab
vriddha = aged
vriddhaH = old man
vriddhashravaaH = having become old with years of hearing knowledge
vrii *= (cf. %{vri} and %{vlI}) cl. 9. P. and 4. A1. %{vrINAti}, %{vriNAti}, or %{vrIyate},
to choose "' or `" to cover "' (%{varaNe}) Dha1tup. xxxi, 31 ; xxvi, 31 Caus. %{vrayayati},
or %{vrepayati} Gr.: Desid. %{vivrISati}, %{-te}: Intens. %{vevrIyate}, %{vevrayIti}, %
{vevreti} ib.
vriiDita *= mfn. ashamed , abashed , modest MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; n. shame ,
embarrassment Kir.
vrijanaM = the ocean of miseries
vrijina * = mf({A})n. bent, crooked (lit. and fig.), deceitful, false, wicked RV. &c. &c.;
disastrous, calamitous MBh. ii, 857; m. curled hair, hair L.; ({A4}) f. deceit, intrigue,

guile AV.; n. id. RV. AV. TBr.; sin, vice, wickedness MBh. Kv. &c.; distress, misery,
affliction BhP.; red leather L.
vvrika = wolf
vrikodaraH = the voracious eater (Bhima)
vriksha = tree* = m. (ifc. f. {A}; prob. connected with 2. {bRh}, `" to grow "', or with 1.
{bRh}, `" to root up "', or with {vrasc}, as `" that which is felled "') a tree, (esp.) any tree
bearing visible flowers and fruit (see Mn. i, 47; but also applied to any tree and other
plants, often = wood see comp.) RV. &c. &c.; the trunk of a tree RV. i, 130, 4; a coffin AV.
xviii, 2, 25; the staff of a bow RV. AV.; a frame (see comp.); Wrightia Antidysenterica
Sus'r.; a stimulant L.
vrikshaasana = the tree posture
vrikshi = I sing. aatmane. `injunctive' of vRij, `to avoid
vrnda = bunches, clusters, groups, heap, multitude, host, flock, swarm, number,
quantity, aggregation
vrinda * = n. (fr. 1. %{vR} ?) a heap, multitude, host, flock, swarm, number, quantity,
aggregation (%{vRndaM@vRndam}, %{vRndais}, or %{vRndavRndais}, in separate
groups, in flocks or crowds) Naigh. MBh. &c.; a bunch, cluster (of flowers or berries &c.)
BhP.; achorus of singers and musicians Sam2gi1t.; a partic. high number (100,000
millions) L.; m. a tumour in the throat Sus3r.; a partic. high number (1,000 millions)
A1ryabh.; (with Jainas) a partic. S3akti L. (prob. %{vRndA}); N. of a medical author
Bhpr.; (%{A}) f. sacred basil (= %{tulasI}) Cat.; N. of Ra1dha1 (Kr2ishn2a's mistress)

Pan5car. Vr2ishabha1n.; of the wife of Jalam2-dhara (daughter of king Keda1ra) L.;

mfn. numerous, many, much, all W.
vrintam.h = (n) the stem of a flower
vrintaakam.h = (n) brinjal
vriNute = chooses
vrishalii * = f. a woman of low caste, S3u1dra woman S3Br. &c. &c. (L. also `" an
unmarried girl twelve years old in whom menstruation has commenced ; a woman
during menstruation ; a barren woman ; the mother of a still-born child "').
vrishaliipati * = m. the husband of a S3u1dra woman or a Bra1hman who owns such a
wwoman as his mistress Mn. iii, 155.
vrishashaila = vRishaa hill
vrishchika = The Zodiacal Sign of Scorpio
vrishchikaasana = the scorpion posture
vrishhabha = The Zodiacal Sign of Taurus
vrishhabhaH = (m) bull, the Zodiacal Sign of Taurus
vrishhTi = rain

vrishhTiH = (m) rain, showers

vrishhNiinaaM = of the descendants of VRishhNi
vrishNi * = mfn. manly, strong, powerful, mighty RV.; angry, passionate L.; heretical,
heterodox L.; m. a ram VS. TS. S'Br.; a bull L.; a ray of light L.; air, wind L.; N. of S'iva
MBh.; of Vishnu-Kriishna L.; of Indra L.; of Agni L.; of various kings Hariv. Pur.; pl. N.
of a tribe or family (from which Kriishna is descended, = {yAdava} or {mAdhava}; often
mentioned together with the Andhakas) MBh. Hariv. &c.; n. N. of a Sman rshBr.
vrita * = 1 mfn. concealed, screened, hidden, enveloped, surrounded by, covered with
(instr. or comp.) RV. &c. &c.; stopped, checked, held back, pent up (as rivers) RV.; filled
or endowed or provided or affected with (instr. or comp.) Mn. MBh. &c.\\ 2 mfn. chosen,
selected, preferred, loved, liked, asked in marriage &c. RV. &c. &c.; n. a treasure, wealth
(= {dhana}) L.
vrit.h = to exist
vritta = desire
vritti * =f. rolling, rolling down (of tears) S'ak. iv, 5; 14; mode of life or conduct, course of
action, behaviour, (esp.) moral conduct, kind or respectful behaviour or treatment (also
v.l. for {vRtta}) GriS'rS. Mn. MBh. &c.; general usage, common practice, rule Prt.;
mode of being, nature, kind, character, disposition ib. Kv.; state, condition Tattvas.;
being, existing, occurring or appearing in (loc. or comp.) Lthy. Hariv. Kv. &c.;
practice, business, devotion or addiction to, occupation with (often ifc. `" employed
about "', `" engaged in "', `" practising "') MBh. Kv. &c.; profession, maintenance,

subsistence, livelihood (often ifc.; cf. {uJcha-v-}; {vRttiM-kR} or {klRp} [Caus.] with
instr., `" to live on or by "'; with gen., `" to get or procure a maintenance for "'; only
certain means of subsistence are allowed to a Brhman see Mn. iv, 4-6) S'rS. Mn. MBh.
&c.; wages, hire, Pacav.; working, activity, function MaitrUp. Kap. Veda7ntas. &c.;
mood (of the mind) Veda7ntas.; the use or occurrence of a word in a partic. sense (loc.),
its function or force Pn. Sh. Sch. on KtyS'r. &c.; mode or measure of pronunciation
and recitation (said to be threefold, viz. {vilambitA}, {madhyamA}, and {drutA} q.v.)
Prt.; (in gram.) a complex formation which requires explanation or separation into its
parts (as distinguished from a simple or uncompounded form e.g. any word formed with
Kriit or Taddhita affixes, any compound and even duals and plurals which are regarded
as Dvandva compounds, of which only one member is left, and all derivative verbs such
as desideratives &c.); style of composition (esp. dram. style, said to be of four kinds, viz.
1. Kais'ik, 2. Bhrat 3. Stvat, 4. rabhath, qq.vv.; the first three are described as
suited to the S'riingra, Vra, and Raudra Rasas respectively, the last as common to all)
Bhar. Das'ar. &c.; (in rhet.) alliteration, frequent repetition of the same consonant (five
kinds enumerated, scil. {madhurA}, {prau9DhA}, {puruSA}, {lalitA}, and {bhadrA})
Das'ar., Introd.; final rhythm of a verse (= or v.l. for {vRtta} q.v.); a commentary,
comment, gloss, explanation (esp. on a Stra); N. of the wife of a Rudra BhP.
vrittapatrikaa = (f) newspaper
vrittisthaaH = whose occupation
vrittii = tendancy
vrithaa = (indecl) wanton, uselessly, idly; * = ind. (prob. connected with 2. {vR} at will, at
pleasure, at random, easily, lightly, wantonly, frivolously RV. Br. Gobh. Mn. Yj. MBh.;

in vain, vainly, uselessly, fruitlessly, idly TBr. &c. &c. (with {kR}, `" to make useless "',
disappoint, frustrate; with {bhU}, `" to be useless "', be disappointed or frustrated);
wrongly, falsely, incorrectly, unduly MBh. Kv. &c.
vriN * = cl. 8. P. . {vRNoti}, {vRNute}, to consume, eat Dhtup. xxx, 6 (Vop.); cl. 6. P.
{vRNati}, to please, gratify, exhilarate ib. xxviii, 40.
vyaadhaH = (m) hunter
vyaadhi = disease
vyaadhii = illness
vyaaghraH = (m) tiger
vyaaharan.h = vibrating
vyaakrita *= mfn. separated , divided , developed , unfolded ; analyzed , expounded ,
explained (see %{a4-vy-}) ; transformed , disfigured "' , changed W.
vyaakship * = P. . {-kSipati}, {-te}, to stretch out (the hand &c.) MBh.; to shoot off(an
arrow) ib.,; to carry away, captivate (the mind) R. Pacat.
vyaakshipati = (v) to postpone
vyaakshipta * = mfn. stretched out &c.; (ifc.) filled with, full of VarBriS.; {-manas}
(Pacat.), {-hRdaya} (R.) mfn. having the mind or heart carried away or captivated or
distracted.

vyaakula = alarmed (adj)

vyaakulatva = (neut) sorrow, concern
vyaakulitaa = she who has been afflicted/affected
vyaala = elephant *= mfn. (prob. connected with %{vyADa} q.v.) mischievous , wicked ,
vicious AV. Ka1v. Katha1s. ; prodigal , extravagant L. ; m. (ifc. f. %{A}) a vicious
elephant , Kav. ; a beast of prey Gaut. MBh. &c. ; a snake MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; a lion L. ; a
tiger L. ; a hunting leopard L. ; a prince , king L. ; Plumbago Ceylanica L. ; the second %
{dRkANa} (q.v.) in Cancer , the first in Scorpio , and the third in Pisces VarBr2S.
[1038,3] ; a kind of metre Col. ; N. of the number `" eight "' Gan2it. ; N. of a man (cf. %
{vyADa}) Cat. ; (%{I}) f. a female snake MBh. R. &c. ; n. N. of one of the three retrograde
stages in the motion of the planet Mars VarBr2S.
vyaamishreNa = by equivocal
vyaana = one of the vital airs, circulates energy all over the body
vyaapaara = affair (masc)
vyaaptaM = pervaded
vyaapya = pervading
vyaahrita * = mfn. spoken, uttered, said, told, declared, stated VS. &c, &c.; one who has
uttered a sound R.; eaten, devoured Ja1takam.; n. speaking, talking, conversation Ka1v.
BhP.; information, instruction, direction Pa1n2. 5-4, 35; inarticulate speech or song (of

animals and birds) MBh. Hariv.; %{-saMdeza} mfn. one who tells news or communicates
information MW.
vyaapin *= mfn. reaching through , pervading , covering , diffusive , comprehensive ,
spreading everywhere , spread over (ifc.) , extending or reaching or continuing to or
filling up or containing (ifc.) Nir. S3vetUp. MBh. &c. ; invariably inherent or
concomitant (in logic) Bha1sha1p. ; m. pervader "'N. of Vishn2u MW. ; an invariably
pervading property as characteristic ib.
vyaasaH = Vyasa
vyaasa* = m. severing, separation, division Sarvad.; a kind of drawl (as a fault in
pronunciation), Prt.; extension, diffusion, prolixity, detailed account (instr.; abl. and
{-tas} ind. in detail, at length, fully) MBh. Sus'r. BhP.; width, breadth, the diameter of a
circle S'ulbas. VarBriS.; `" distributing, disjoining "'N. of the Pada-pthha or, disjoined
text "' Aprt.; `" arranger, compiler "'N. of a celebrated mythical sage and author (often
called Veda-vysa and regarded as the original compiler and arranger of the Vedas,
Veda7nta-stras &c.; he was the son of the sage Pars'ara and Satyavati, and halfbrother of Vicitra-vrya and Bhshma; he was also called Vdaryana or Baldaryana,
and Kriishna from his dark complexion, and Dvaipyana because he was brought forth
by Satyavat on a Dvpa or island in the Jumn; when grown up he retired to the
wilderness to lead the life of a hermit, but at his mother's request returned to become the
husband of Vicitra-vrya's two childless widows, by whom he was the father of the blind
Dhriita-rshthra and of Pndu; he was also the father of Vidura [q.v.] by a slave girl, and
of S'uka, the supposed narrator of the Bhgavata-Purna, he was also the supposed
compiler of the Mah-bhrata, the Purnas, and other portions of Hind sacred
literature; but the name Vysa seems to have been given to any great typical compiler or

author) MBh. Hariv. Pur. cf. IW. 371 n. 2; 373 &c.; a Brhman who recites or expounds
the Purnas &c. in public (= {pAThaka-brAhmaNa}) MW.; n. a bow weighing 100 Palas
L.
vyaasanga = varied interests, (involvement in) many hobbies
vyaasaprasaadaat.h = by the mercy of Vyasadeva
vyaasochchhishhThaM = vyAsa + uchchhishhThaM:by VyAsa + mouth-dropped
vyabhichaarin.h = adj. deviate
vyacas * = n. expanse, capacity, compass RV. AV. VS.; wide space, free scope, room RV.
AV. S'Br. ({vyacas-kR}, to dilate, expand, open Kaus'.)
vyaccha * = see {go-vyaccha4}.
vyadaarayat.h = shattered
vyagraya * = Nom. P. {-yati}, to divert or distract any one's thoughts Car.
vyajana* = n. (ifc. f. {A}) fanning Kd.; a palmleaf or other article used for fanning, fan,
whisk (often du.) Mn. MBh. &c.
vyajanakriyA* = f. the act of fanning Kd.
vyajanacaamara* = n. the tail of the Bos Grunniens used as a whisk or fan, a chowry (cf.
{vyajanacAmara}).

vyaadhi * = m. (less probably from %{vyadh}, p. 1031) disorder, disease, ailment,

sickness, plague (esp. leprosy) ChUp. Mn. MBh. &c. ; Disease personified (as a Child of
Mr2ityu or Death) VP. ; any tormenting or vexatious person or thing (ifc., e .g. %{strI-v}, a plague of a woman, very troublesome woman) VarBr2S. ; Costus Speciosus or
Arabicus L.
vyaadhii * = f. (1. %{dhI} , or %{dhyai}) care , sorrow AV.
vyaadhunot *V= gave up
vyaahaara *= m. utterance, language, speech, discourse, conversation, talk about
(comp.) Ka1v. Pan5cat. Sa1h. ; song (of birds) Hariv. Ma1lav. ; (in dram.) a jest, joke,
humorous speech Bhar. Das3ar. &c. ; %{-maya} mf(%{I})n. consisting of speech or talk
about (comp.) Katha1s.
vyaahri * = P.. {-harati}, {-te}, to utter or pronounce a sound, speak, say to (acc.),
converse with ({saha}), name (with {nAmabhis}, to call by name; with {praznAn}, to
answer questions; with {udAharANi}, to state examples) TBr. &c. &c.; to begin to talk
(said of a child) MBh.; to confess, avow to (gen.) ib.; to utter inarticulate sounds, cry,
scream (said of animals) KtyS'r.; to sport, enjoy one's self (exceptionally for {vi-hR})
BhP.; to cut off, sever MBh. vi, 2757 (B. {vi-hR}): Desid. {-jihIrSati}, to wish to
pronounce or utter S'Br.
vyaahrita * = mfn. spoken, uttered, said, told, declared, stated VS. &c, &c.; one who has
uttered a sound R.; eaten, devoured Jtakam.; n. speaking, talking, conversation Kv.
BhP.; information, instruction, direction Pn. 5-4, 35; inarticulate speech or song (of
animals and birds) MBh. Hariv.; {-saMdeza} mfn. one who tells news or communicates

information MW.
vyaahriti * = f. utterance, speech, declaration, statement MBh. Klid. VarBriS.; (also {tI}; ifc. {-tikA}), the mystical utterance of the names of the seven worlds (viz. {bhUr},
{bhuvar} [or {bhuvaH}], {svar}, {mahar}, {janar}, {tapar}, {satya} [qq. vv.] the first
three of which, called, the great Vyhriitis "', are pronounced after {om} by every
Brhman in commencing his daily prayers and are personified as the daughters of
Savitrii and Priis'ni) TS. Br. RTL. 403 Mn. ii, 76 MBh. &c.; N. of a Sman rshBr.; {traya} n. the first three of the above mystical words MW.; {-pUrvaka} mfn. preceded by
the above three mystical words ib.
vyaahruti * = w.r. for {vy-AhRti}.
vyaakhyaa * = P. %{-khyAti}, to explain in detail, tell in full, discuss S3Br. S3rS. ; to
relate, communicate MBh. Bhat2t2. ; to name, call, S3rutab Desid. %{-cikhyAsati}, to
wish to explain S3am2k.\\ f. explanation, exposition, gloss, comment, Paraphrase
MaitrUp. Hariv. &c.
vyaapi * = in comp. for %{vy-Apin}.
vyaapin * = mfn. reaching through, pervading, covering, diffusive, comprehensive,
spreading everywhere, spread over (ifc.), extending or reaching or continuing to or filling
up or containing (ifc.) Nir. S3vetUp. MBh. &c. ; invariably inherent or concomitant (in
logic) Bha1sha1p. ; m. pervader "'N. of Vishn2u MW. ; an invariably pervading property
as characteristic ib.
vyaapita * = mfn. (fr. Caus.) filled up, filled Pan5cat.

vyaapIta * = mfn. quite yellow VarBr2S.

vyaapitva * = n. the state of pervading, pervasion, extensiveness, extent, universality,
extension to (ifc.), A1vS3r. MBh. Veda7ntas.
vyaasa * = m. severing, separation, division Sarvad.; a kind of drawl (as a fault in
pronunciation), A1Pra1t.; extension, diffusion, prolixity, detailed account (instr.; abl. and
%{-tas} ind. in detail, at length, fully) MBh. Sus3r. BhP.; width, breadth, the diameter of
a circle S3ulbas. VarBr2S.; `" distributing, disjoining "'N. of the Pada-pa1t2ha or,
disjoined text "' Apra1t.; `" arranger, compiler "'N. of a celebrated mythical sage and
author (often called Veda-vya1sa and regarded as the original compiler and arranger of
the Vedas, Veda7nta-su1tras &c.; he was the son of the sage Para1s3ara and Satyavati,
and half-brother of Vicitra-vi1rya and Bhi1shma; he was also called Va1dara1yan2a or
Baldara1yan2a, and Kr2ishn2a from his dark complexion, and Dvaipa1yana because he
was brought forth by Satyavati1 on a Dvi1pa or island in the Jumna1; when grown up he
retired to the wilderness to lead the life of a hermit, but at his mother's request returned
to become the husband of Vicitra-vi1rya's two childless widows, by whom he was the
father of the blind Dhr2ita-ra1sht2ra and of Pa1n2d2u; he was also the father of Vidura
[q.v.] by a slave girl, and of S3uka, the supposed narrator of the Bha1gavata-Pura1n2a,
he was also the supposed compiler of the Maha1-bha1rata, the Pura1n2as, and other
portions of Hindu1 sacred literature; but the name Vya1sa seems to have been given to
any great typical compiler or author) MBh. Hariv. Pur. cf. IW. 371 n. 2; 373 &c.; a
Bra1hman who recites or expounds the Pura1n2as &c. in public (= %{pAThakabrAhmaNa}) MW.; n. a bow weighing 100 Palas L.
vyabhicar P. A1. %{-carati} , to act in an unfriendly way towards (acc. or gen.) , sin
against , offend , injure MBh.: Katha1s. ; to bewitch , practise sorcery (pl. `" against each

other "') La1t2y. Katha1s. ; to come to naught , fail , Bi1jag. BhP. ; to go beyond ,
transgress , deviate from (acc. Kir. Pa1n2. Sch.
vyabhicaara *= m. going apart or astray , deviating , not falling or fitting together ,
being separated or isolated Kap. Bha1sha1p. &c. (cf. %{a-vy-}) ; trespass , transgression ,
crime , vice , sin (esp. infidelity of a wife) Mn. MBh. &c. ; violation , disturbance ,
confusion Mn. x , 24 &c. ; charge , mutation (in %{a-vy-} mfn. ) Bhag. ; (in phil.)
wandering from an argument , erroneous or fallacious reasoning , the presence of the %
{hetu} (q.v.) without the %{sAdhya} (q.v.) MW. ; (in gram.) deviation from or exception
to a rule , irregularity , anomaly ib. ; %{-kRt} mfn. committing adultery Ra1jat. ; %{-tas}
ind. in consequence of straying or erring Sa1h. ; (in phil.) from the Vyabhica1ra involved
in the other supposition MW. %{-tA} f. %{-tva} n. error ib. ; %{-nirUpaNa-khaNDa}N. of
wk. ; %{-bhAva} w.r. for %{vyabhicAri-bh-} , Cat %{-vat} mfn. see %{a-vyabhicAra-vat} ;
%{-vivarjita} mfn. free from extravagance or debauchery Hit. ; %{-rA7rtham} ind. for
the sake of (committing) adultery Pa1n2. 4-1 , 127 Sch.
vyabhiicaara m. transgression , offence MBh. ; change , alteration ib.
vyadha *= m. piercing, hitting, striking, a stroke, wound S3is3. ; cutting, opening (of a
vein) Sus3r. ; (%{A}) f. bleeding MW.\\ *V : did it, created, applied, established,
awarded, begot, made, constructed, bestowed, arranged.
vyajana* = n. (ifc. f. {A}) fanning Kd.; a palmleaf or other article used for fanning, fan,
whisk (often du.) Mn. MBh. &c.
vyajanin* = m. the Yak (Bos Grunniens) L.

vyakta = made known* = mfn. adorned, embellished, beautiful RV.; caused to appear,
manifested, apparent, visible, evident ({am}, ind. apparently, evidently, certainly) MBh.
Kv. &c.; developed, evolved (see below); distinct, intelligible (see {-vAc}); perceptible by
the senses (opp. to {a-vyakta}, transcendental) MBh. BhP.; specified, distinguished L.;
specific, individual L.; hot L.; wise, learned Lalit.; m. heat L.; a learned man L.; an
initiated monk S'l.; `" the manifested One "'N. of Vishnu MW.; of one of the 11
Gana7dhipas (with Jainas); n. (in Snkhya) `" the developed or evolved "' (as the product
of {a-vyakta} q.v.), Sankhyak. (cf. IW. 82); {-kRtya} n. a public action or deed Rjat.; {gaNita} n. calculation with known numbers, arithmetic IW. 176, n. 3; {-gandhA} f. (only
L.) long pepper; jasmine; a species of Sanseviera; Clitoria Ternatea; {-tA} f. or {-tva} n.
distinctness, manifestation (instr. `" clearly, distinctly "'; acc. with {gam}, `" to appear
"') Up. Kaths.; {-tAraka} mfn. having clear stars MW.; {-darzana} mfn. one who has
attained to right knowledge R.; {-dRSTA7rtha} mfn. perceiving or witnessing a
transaction with one's own eyes, a witness L.; {-bhuj} mfn. consuming all manifested or
visible things (said of time) MW.; {-maya} mf({I})n. relating to what is perceptible by the
senses MBh.; {-mAricika} mfn. much peppered Car.; {-rasa} mfn. having a perceptible
taste ({tA} f.) Sus'r.; {-rAzi} m. (in arithm.) known or absolute quantity; {-rUpa} m. `"
having a manifested form "'N. of Vishnu MW.; {-rUpin} mfn. having a discernible shape
ib.; {-lakSman} mfn. having evident sings or marks, clearly characterized W.; {-lavaNa}
mfn. much salted Car.; {-vAc} f. a clear or distinct speech Pn. 1-3, 48; {-vikrama} mfn.
displaying valour MW.; {-tA7vadhUta} mfn. one who has publicly shaken off worldly ties
(opp. to {guptA7v-} q.v.) W.; {-to7dita} mfn. spoken clearly or plainly MW. [1029,3]
vyaktayaH = living entities
vyaktiM = personality

vyaktitva = personality
vyalIka * = mfn. very false or untruthful, lying, hypocritical (%{am} ind.) Amar. BhP.;
disagreeable, painful, offensive, strange MW.; improper or unfit to be done MW.; not
false, S3ls3.; = %{vyaJgya} L.; m. = %{nAgara} L.; a catamite MW.; n. anything
displeasing ib.; any cause of pain or uneasiness ib.; pain, grief. MBh. Ka1v. Pur. &c.; a
falsehood, lie, fraud (also pl.) Ka1v. Pur. &c.; transgression, offence, misdeed Ratna7v.
Ja1takam.; = %{vailakSya} L.; reverse, contrariety, inversion MW.; %{-tA} f. or %{-tva}
n. disagreeableness, painfulness MW.; impropriety, displeasure ib.; %{-niHzvAsa} m. a
sigh of pain or sorrow Kum.
vyalla * = mischievous, wicked, vicious; prodigal, extravagant, a vicious elephant, Kav.; a
beast of prey; a snake; a lion L.; a tiger L.; a hunting leopard L.; a prince, king L.;
Plumbago Ceylanica L.; the second {dRkANa} (q.v.) in Cancer, the first in Scorpio, and
the third in Pisces; a kind of metre Col.; of the number `" eight; N. of a man a female
snake
vyanakti (SB): expressed, he produces, shows.
vyaMs * = P. {-aMsayati}, to cheat, deceive DivyA7v.
vyac* = see {uru-vya4Jc}.
vyaj* = P.. {-anakti}, {-aGkte}, (.) to anoint thoroughly RV.; to decorate, adorn,
beautify ib.; (P. .) to cause to appear, manifest, display RV. &c. &c.: Pass. {-ajyate}, to
be manifested or expressed RV. Ragh. Pacat.: Caus. {-aJjayati}, to cause to appear,
make clearly visible or manifest Mn. MBh. &c.

vyajana* = mfn. manifesting, indicating Hariv. (v.l. {vyaJcana}); m. (once for n.; cf.
below) a consonant VPrt.; Pandanus Odoratissimus L.; = {vAditra-karman} L.; ({A}) f.
(in rhet.) implied indication, allusion, suggestion Sh. Pratp.; a figurative expression ({nA-vRtti} f. figurative style) W.; n. decoration, ornament RV. viii, 78, 2; manifestation,
indication Sus'r. Rjat.; allusion, suggestion (= {A} f.), Sah. s'vS'r. Sch.; figurative
expression, irony, sarcasm W.; specification Nir.; a mark, badge, spot, sign, token pS'r.
R. Kaths. &c.; insignia, paraphernalia Kv.; symptom (of a disease) Cat.; mark of sex or
gender (as the beard, breasts &c.), the private organs (male or female) GriS'rS. MBh.
&c.; anything used in cooking or preparing food, seasoning, sauce, condiment MBh. R.
&c.; a consonant Prt. S'rS. &c.; a syllable VPrt. (cf. {hInavy-}); the letter (as opp. to
{arha}, `" meaning "') Mahv.; a limb, member, part L.; a day L.; purification of a
sacrificial animal (also m. and {A} f.) L.; a fan L. (w.r. for {vyajana}); {-kAra} m. the
preparer of a sauce or condiment MBh.; {-guNa} (?) m. N. of wk. on condiments in
cookery; {-saMgama} m. a collection or group of consonants MW.; {-saMdhi} m. (in
gram.) the junction of consonants ib.,; {-saMnipAta} m. a falling together or conjunction
of consonants ib.; {-sthAne} ind. in the place of sauce or seasoning ib.; {-hArI7kA} f. N.
of a female demon supposed to remove the hair of a womas pudenda MrkP.; {no7daya} mfn. followed by a consonant MW.; {-no7padha} mfn. preceded by a
cconsonant ib.
vyajita* = mfn. (fr. Caus.) clearly manifested or made visible; {-vRtti-bheda} mfn.
having various actions manifested MW.
vyajanam.h = (n) fan
vyas * = 2 %{as} P. %{-asyati} (ep. pf. %{vivyAsa} as if fr. a %{vyas}), to throw or cast
asunder or about or away, throw (effort) into, divide, separate, dispose, arrange [1035,1];

scatter, disperse; expel, remove RV. &c.&c.

vyathA* = f. agitation, perturbation, alarm, uneasiness, pain, anguish, fear MBh. Ka1v.
&c. (%{vyathAM-kR}, either, `" to cause pain "' or `" to feel pain "'); loss, damage, illluck S3Br. VarBr2S.; (with %{hRdi} or %{hRdaye}), palpitation, throbbing of the heart
Sus3r.
vyathaka* = mfn. agitating, frightening, afflicting Kir.
vyathana * = mfn. greatly disturbing or perplexing MBh.; n. tottering, wavering Pa1n2.
5-4, 46; alteration, change (of a sound) RPra1t.; feeling pain. Sus3r.; vexing, tormenting
Dharmas3.; piercing, perforating (= %{vyadhana}) A1past.
vyathAkara* = mfn. causing pain (bodily or mental), painful, excruciating W.
vyathAkrAnta* = (%{vyathA7kr-}) mfn. id. Katha1s.
vyathAkula* = (%{vyathA7k-}) mfn. agitated by fear or anguish Pan5cat.
vyathana* = mfn. greatly disturbing or perplexing MBh.; n. tottering, wavering Pa1n2. 54, 46; alteration, change (of a sound) RPra1t.; feeling pain. Sus3r.; vexing, tormenting
Dharmas3.; piercing, perforating (= %{vyadhana}) A1past.
vyathanIya* = mfn. to be pained or afflicted or disturbed W.
vyathita * = mfn. tottering, rocking, reeling R.; troubled, changed (as colour) Das3.;
disquieted, agitated, perturbed, distressed, afflicted MBh. Ka1v. &c.; painful, causing
pain BhP.

vyatitarishhyati = surpasses
vyatikara* = 1 mfn. acting reciprocally, reciprocal W.; m. reciprocity, reciprocal action
or relation ib.; contact, contiguity, union (ifc. = joined with, spreading through or over,
pervading) MBh. Kv. &c.; (ifc.) taking to, accomplishing, performing Amar. Das'.
Rjat.; incident, opportunity Nalac.; reverse, misfortune, calamity, accident, fatality
Hcar. Pacat. Kaths. [1030,1]; destruction, end BhP.\\* =2 m. mixing or blending
together, mixture MBh. BhP.; a confusing (or striking) resemblance Jtakam.; {-vat}
mfn. mixed, of contrary kind or nature Mcar.
vyatiikaara* = m.= 1. {vy-atikara}, contact, hostile encounter Hariv.
vyatiSaGga * = m. mutual connection, reciprocal junction or relation Pan5cavBr.
Ka1tyS3r.; entanglement S3is3. v, 61; hostile encounter MBh.; exchange, barter BhP.;
absorption MW.; %{-vat} mfn. having mutual connection, connected, united, mixed ib.
vyatiitaani = have passed
vyatta = open
vyathanti = are disturbed
vyathayanti = are distressing
vyathaa = trouble
vyathishhThaaH = be disturbed

vyapades'a = (m) mention, name* = m. representation, designation, information,

statement RPrt. S'rS. &c.: a name, title Uttarar.; a family, race S'ak.; summons (of an
army) R.; appeal to (gen.) Pacat.; talk, speech MBh. iii, 8665 (Nlak.); a partic. form of
speech MW.; fame, renown (see comp.); fraud, stratagem, pretext, excuse ({ena}, under
pretext or excuse [also {-tas}] ifc. = under the pretext of) MBh. Kv. &c.; {-vat} mfn.
having a partic. designation or name (with {pitR-tas}, designated by the name of the
father) Pat.; {-zA7rtham} ind. for the purpose of (acquiring) renown Mn. vii, 168. {apadezaka} mfn. designating, indicating BhP.
vyapadishtha *= mfn. pointed out &c. ; informed W. ; tricked ib. ; pleaded as an excuse
ib.
vyapadiz *= P. %{-dizati} , to point out , indicate , intend , mean , designate , name ,
mention MBh. Ka1v. &c. (often Pass. %{-dizyate} , `" so it is represented or intended or
signified "') ; to represent falsely , feign , pretend MBh. R. Prasannar.
vyapaashrayaH = taking shelter of
vyapaashritya = particularly taking shelter
vyapeta * = mfn. gone apart or asunder, separated MBh.; passed away, disappeared,
ceased Mn. MBh. &c.; (ifc.) opposed to Yj.; {-kalmaSa} mfn. having taint or guilt
removed, free from sin Mn. iv, 260; {-ghRNa} mfn. devoid of compassion, pitiless
Amar.; {-dhairya} mfn. one who has abandoned firmness MBh.; {-bhaya} or {-bhI} mfn.
free from fear ib.; {-mada-matsara} mfn. free from infatuation and selfishness Yj.; {harSa} mfn. devoid of joy R.

vyapetabhiiH = free from all fear

vyasu * = mf({u})n. lifeless, dead MBh. BhP. S'is'. Rjat.; {-tva} n. loss of life VarBriS.
vyara.nsiit.h = passed, elapsed
vyartha = u(adj)seless, purposelss
vyatireka *= m. distinction, difference, separateness, separation, exclusion La1t2y.
Ka1v. Pur. &c. (%{bhAvo@vyatireka-tas}, a separate or particular existence ; %{vI7tavyatireka}, not separate or particular ; %{eNa} or %{At} ind. [or %{vyatireka} ibc.], with
exception of, without) ; negation Kap. ; contrariety, contrast to (comp.) Ka1m. (%{e}
ind., on the contrary supposition) ; logical discontinuance (opp. to %{anvaya} q.v.)
Bha1sha1p. ; (in rhet.) a partic. figure of speech (the contrasting of things compared in
some respects with each other) Ka1vya7d. ; . Sa1h &c. N. of wk. ; %{-tas} ind. see above ;
%{-vyApti} f. `" pervasion of difference or dissimilitude "', a comprehensive argument
derived from negation or non-existence of certain qualities MW. ; %{-kA7laMkAra} m.
the rhetorical figure called Vyatireka ib. ; %{-kA7valI} f. N. of wk.
vyartha* = mf({A})n. (fr. 3. {vi+artha}) useless, unavailing, unprofitable, vain MBh. &c.
&c.; deprived or devoid of property or money Pacat.; excluded from, having no right
(instr.) past.; unmeaning, inconsistent Hariv. Kvya7d.; = {-tha-nAmaka} below MBh.;
({am}) ind. uselessly, in vain, without having effected one's object Kv. Pacat. &c.; {-tA}
f. uselessness ({-tAM-yA}, or {gam}, to become useless) Pacat. Kusum.; absence of
meaning, nonsense R.; falseness MBh.; inoffensiveness MW.; {-tva} n. absence of
meaning, contradictoriness Kvya7d. Sch.; {-nAmaka} or {-nAman} mfn. having a name
inconsistent with one's character MBh.; {-yatna} mfn. useless in its efforts Hit.; {-thIkR}

P. {-karoti}, to make useless or superfluous Prab. Kd. k; {-thI-bhU} P. {-bhavati}, to

become useless Naish. Kd.
vyashema = ?
vyasana = addiction * = vyasana n. moving to and fro, wagging (of a tail) Pn. 3-1, 20,
Vartt. 3; throwing (effort) into, assiduity, industry Bhartri. Subh.; separation,
individuality W.; attachment or devotion or addiction to (loc. or comp.), passion, (esp.)
evil passion, sin, crime, vice (said to arise either from love of pleasure or from anger;
eight are enumerated under the first head, vix. {mRgayA}, {dyUta} or {akSa}, {divAsvapna}, {parivAda}, {striyaH}, {mada}, {taurya-trika}, {vRthA7tyA}; and eight under
the second, viz. {paizunya}, {sAhasa}, {droha}, {irSyA}, {asUyA} {artha-dUSaNa}
{vAkpAruSya}, {daNDa-pAruSya}, qq.vv.) Mn. vii, 47, 48 MBh. &c.; favourite pursuit or
occupation, hobby MBh. Pacat. Rjat.; evil predicament or plight, disaster, accident,
evil result, calamity, misfortune ({vyasanAni} pl. misfortunes), ill-luck, distress,
destruction, defeat, fall, ruin Mn. MBh. &c.; setting (of sun or moon) Mriicch. S'ak.;
fruitless effort L.; punishment, execution (of criminals) MW.; incompetence, inability
W.; air, wind ib.; tale-bearing L.; {-kAla} m. time of need Subh.; {prasArita-kara} mfn.
having the hand stretched forth for (inflicting) calamity Hit.; {-prahArin} mfn. inflicting
calamity, giving trouble or pain W.; {-prA7pti} f. occurrence of calamity Sh.; {brahmacArin} m. a companion of adversity, fellow-sufferer Mudr.; {-mahA7rNava} m. a
sea of troubles Mriicch.; {-rakSin} mfn. preserving from calamity R. Kaths.; {-vat} mfn.
one who has had ill-luck with (comp.) Km.; {-vAgurA} f. the net or snare of adversity
R.; {-saMstkita} mfn. one who indulges in any whim or favourite fancy Pacat.; {nA7krAnta-tva} n. distressful condition, grievous distress MW.; {-nA7gama} m.
approach of calamity S'ukas.; {-nA7tibhAra} mfn. weighed down or overburdened with
misfortunes MW.; {-nA7tyaya} m. the passing away of calamity or distress BhP.; {-

nA7nantaram} ind. immediately after misfortune Kv.; {-nA7pAta} m. (= {-nA7gama})

Rjat.; {-nA7vApa} m. receptacle or abode of calamity BhP.; {-nA7nvita} or {-nA7pluta}
mfn. involved in or overwhelmed with ccalamity MW.; {-nA7rta} mfn. afflicted by
calamity, suffering pain L.; {-no7tsava} m. a feast for the (evil) passions, an orgy &c.
VarBriS.; {-no7daya} m. the rising or approaching of misfortune Pacat.; mfn. followed
by or resulting in calamities MBh.
vyatirikta* = mfn. reaching beyond, excessive, immoderate (ifc. = abundantly furnished
with) MBh.; separate, different or distinct from, other than (abl. or comp.) Mn. MBh.
&c.; (ifc.) free from Sarvad.; left remaining from Ragh. Sch. (v.l.); with drawn, withheld
W.; excepted ib.; (%{am}) ind. with the exception of, except, without (e. g. %{svara-v-},
`" except the accent "') MW.; %{-tA}, f. (BhP.), %{-tva} n. (Sarvad.) distinction,
difference.
2 vyatiriktatiriktaka n. a partic. manner of flying MBh.
vyavahaara *= m. doing, performing, action, practice, conduct, behaviour MBh. Ka1v.
&c. (%{vyavahAraH@kAryaH}, with instr., `" it should be acted according to ) ;
commerce or intercourse with (saha or comp.) Nir. Ka1m. &c. ; affair, matter Ni1lak. ;
usage, custom, wont, ordinary life, common practice Pat. BhP. Hit. ; activity, action or
practice of occupation or business with (loc. or comp.) Inscr. Ka1v. Katha1s. ; mercantile
transaction, traffic, trade with, dealing in (comp.) Mn. MBh. &c. [1034,2] ; a contract
Mn. viii, 163 ; legal procedure, contest at law with (%{saha}), litigation, lawsuit, legal
process (see %{-matRkA} below) Mn. Ya1jn5. &c. ; practices of law and kingly
government IW. 209 ; mathematical process Col. ; administration of justice Gaut. ; (fig.)
punishment L. ; competency to manage one's own affairs, majority (in law) ib. ;
propriety, adherence to law or custom ib. ; the use of an expression, with regard to,
speaking about (%{tair@eva@vyavahAraH}, `" just about these is the question "', it is to

these that the discussion has reference "') Kap. Sa1h. Sarvad. ; designation Jaim. Sch. ;
compulsory work L. ; a sword L. ; a sort of tree L. ; N. of a ch. of the Agni-pura1n2a.
vyavachchhetsiiH = cut or dissect
vyavakalanam.h = (n) subtraction
vyavasaayaH = enterprise or adventure
vyavasaayaatmikaa = resolute in KRishhNa consciousness
vyavasitaH = situated in determination1
vyavasita *= mfn. finished , ended , done Ka1t2h. ; decided , determined , resolved ,
undertaken (also n. impers. ; with dat. or inf.) MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; one who has resolved
upon or is determined or willing to (loc. , dat. , or inf.) Ka1v. Pur. ; settled , ascertained ,
known (n. impers.) , convinced or sure of anything (with %{samyak} , `" one who has
ascertained what is right ; with acc. , `" one who has acknowledged anything as true "')
MBh. BhP. ; deceived , tricked , cheated , disappointed L. ; energetic , persevering ,
making effort or exertion W. ; n. resolution , determination Ka1v. Pur. ; an artifice ,
contrivance Mr2icch.
vyavasitaa = engaged
vyavasta *= mfn. = %{vy-avasita} , Divya4v. ; bound (?) A1s3vS3r. (Sch.)
vyavasthaa A1. %{-tiSThate} , to go apart , separate from (abl.) S3a1n3khSr. ; to differ
respectively S3am2k. ; to halt , stop , stay R. ; to prepare or make ready for (dat.) ib. ; to

be settled , be (logically) true or tenable MBh. Sarvad. ; to appear as (nom.) Nir.

Sa1m2khyak.: Caus. %{-sthApayati} , to put down , place VarBr2S. Va1s. ; to fix on ,
direct towards (loc.) Kum. ; to charge with , appoint to (%{artham}) Hit. ; to stop , hold
up , prevent from falling MBh. Ra1jat. ; to restore , re-establish Kum. Ja1takam. ; to
settle , arrange , establish , determine , prove to be (logically) tenable Das3. Sarvad. ; to
give a name DivyA7v. ; to perform MW. \\ f. respective difference (%{AyAm} loc. in each
single case) S3rS. Kap. S3am2k. ; abiding in one place , steadiness Katha1s. ; fixity ,
perseverance , constancy MBh. R. &c. ; a fixed limit S3is3. ; settlement , establishment ,
decision , statute , law , rule (aya1 , instr. according to a fixed rule) BhP. Pa1n2. Sch.
Kull. ; legal decision or opinion (applied to the written extracts from the codes of law or
adjustment of contradictory passages in different codes) W. ; conviction , persuasion R. ;
fixed relation of time or place Pa1n2. 1-1 , 34 ; rate , proportion Bhpr. ; state , condition
Ka1v. Ra1jat. ; case , occasion , opportunity Ra1jat. W. ; an engagement , agreement ,
contract ib. ; %{--tikrama} (%{-sthA7t-}) m. transgression or violation of the law or
settled rule , breaking an agreement or contract W. ; %{--tivartana} (%{-sthA7t-} ) n. id
ib. ; %{--tivartin} (%{-sthA7i-}) mfn. transgressing the law , breaking an agreement or
contract ib. ; %{-darpaNa} m. %{-prakAza} m. N. of wks. ; %{-pattra} n. a written deed ,
document L. ; %{-ratna-mAlA} f. %{--rNava} (%{-thA4rN-}) m. %{-sAra-saMgraha} ,
m. %{-sA7ra-saMcaya} m. %{-setu} m. N. of wks.
vyavasthitaan.h = situated
vyavasthitiH = the situation
vyavasthitau = put under regulations
vyavaasitaaH = have decided

vyavaaya* = m. intervention, interposition, separation by insertion, being separated by

(instr. or comp.) S'rS. Prt. Pn.; entering, pervading, penetration MBh. Sus'r.; change,
transmutation BhP.; sexual intercourse, copulation MBh. VarBriS. Sus'r.; wantonness,
lasciviousness BhP.; covering, disappearance W.; interval, space ib.; an obstacle,
impediment MW.; n. light, lustre L.
vyaya-bhaava = House of Expenditure/Loss or 12th
vyayam.h = (n) expenditure, spending
vyu * =to urge on, incite, animate
vyudasya = laying aside
vyuuDhaM = arranged in a military phalanx
vyuuDhaaM = arranged
vyUha* = 1 m. placing apart, distribution, arrangement R. VarBriS. &c.; orderly
arrangement of the parts of a whole (cf. {caraNa-vy-}), disposition Nyyas.; military
array, an army, host, squadron (various arrays are {daNDa-}, `" staff-like array "';
{zakaTa-}, `" cart array "'; {varAha-}, `" boar array "'; {maNDala-}, `" circular
ararray; {A-saMhata-}, `" loose ararray "'; {AkheTa-vyUha}, `" hunting array "' &c.)
Mn. vii, 187 MBh. &c.; shifting, transposition, displacement S'Br. S'rS.; separation,
resolution (of vowels, syllables &c.) RPrt.; detailed explanation or description SaddhP.;
a section, division, chapter Sarvad.; form, manifestation (esp. the quadruple
manifestation of Purusho7ttama as Vsudeva, Sankarshana, Pradyumna, and
Aniruddha), appearance (often ifc. after numerals cf. {catur-}, {trir-vy-}) MBh. BhP.

Sarvad.; formation, structure, manufacture L.; an aggregate, flock, multitude Vs.

S'atr.; the body W.; breathing Nyyas.; {pArSNi} m. or f. {-pRSTha} n. the rear of an
army L.; {-bhaGga} m. {-bheda} m. the breaking of an array, throwing into, disorder W.;
{-racanA} f. arrangement of troops ({-naM vi-dhA}, `" to assume a warlike attitude "')
Pacat.; 1. {-rAja} m. the chief or best form of military array MBh.; {-hA7ntara} m. a
different arrangement or position MW. \\2 m. reasoning, logic (= {tarka}) L.; {-mati} m.
N. of a Deva-putra Lalit.; -2. {-rAja} m. a partic. Samdhi SaddhP.; N. of a Bodhi-sattva
ib. ({-je7ndrA} f. N. of a Kin-nar Krand.)
vyoman *= 2 m. (for 1. see p. 1029, col. 1 ; accord. to Un2. iv, 150 fr. %{vye} accord. to
others fr. %{vi-av} or %{ve}) heaven, sky, atmosphere, air (%{vyomnA}, %{vyomamArgeNa} or %{-vartmanA}, `" through the air "') RV. &c. &c. ; space Kap. ; ether (as
an element) Ka1v. Pur. Sus3r. ; wind or air (of the body) BhP. ; water L. ; talc, mica L. ; a
temple sacred to the sun L. ; a partic. high number L. ; the 10th astrol. mansion
VarBr2S. ; preservation, welfare TS. (= %{rakSaNa} Sch.) ; m. a partic. Eka7ha S3rS. ;
N. of Praja1-pati or the Year (personified) TS. VS. (Mahi1dh.) ; of Vishn2u Vishn2. ; of a
son of Dasa7rha Hariv. Pur. (v.l. %{vyoma}).
vyomagaamii = astronaut, cosmonaut
vyomachaariNaH = the people who wander over the sky (and `pAtAla'\&bhUtala')
vyoman.h = (n) the sky
vyoman * = mfn. (for 2. see s.v.) one who cannot be saved
vyoman * = 2 m. (for 1. see p. 1029, col. 1; accord. to Un. iv, 150 fr. {vye} accord. to

others fr. {vi-av} or {ve}) heaven, sky, atmosphere, air ({vyomnA}, {vyoma-mArgeNa} or
{-vartmanA}, `" through the air "') RV. &c. &c.; space Kap.; ether (as an element) Kv.
Pur. Sus'r.; wind or air (of the body) BhP.; water L.; talc, mica L.; a temple sacred to the
sun L.; a partic. high number L.; the 10th astrol. mansion VarBriS.; preservation,
welfare TS. (= {rakSaNa} Sch.); m. a partic. Eka7ha S'rS.; N. of Praj-pati or the Year
(personified) TS. VS. (Mahdh.); of Vishnu Vishn.; of a son of Dasa7rha Hariv. Pur. (v.l.
{vyoma}).

Y
ya * = the 1st semivowel (corresponding to the vowels %{i} and %{I}, and having the
sound of the English %{y}, in Bengal usually pronounced %{j}).\\2 m. (in prosody) n.
bacchic ($) Pin3g.\\ 3 the actual base of the relative pronoun in declension [cf. %
{ya4d} and Gk. $]. \\ 4 m. (in some senses fr. 1. %{yA}, only L.) a goer or mover ; wind ;
joining ; restraining ; fame ; a carriage (?) ; barley ; light ; abandoning ; (%{A}) f. going,
a car ; restraining, religious meditation ; attaining ; pudendum muliebre ; N. of
Lakshmi1.
yaa * = 1 (collateral form of 5. %{i}) cl. 2. P. (Dha1tup. xxiv, 41) %{yA4ti} (1. pl. %
{yAmahe} MBh. ; impf. 3. pl. %{ayuH} Br. ; %{ayAn} Pa1n2. 3-4, 111 Sch. ; pf. %
{yayau4}, %{yayA4tha}, %{yaya4}, %{yayu4H} RV. &c. &c. ; %{yaye} Ka1v. ; aor. %
{ayAsam} or %{ayAsiSam} ; Subj. %{yA4sat}, %{yeSam}, %{yAsiSat} RV. Br. ; Prec. %
{yAsiSISThAs} Br. ; fut. %{yAtA} MBh. &c. ; %{yAsyati} AV. ; %{-te} MBh. ; inf. %

{yAtum} MBh. &c. ; Ved. inf. %{yai4}, %{yA4tave} or %{-vai4} ; ind. p. %{yAtvA4} Br.
&c. ; %{-yA4ya},\\2 (ifc.) going, moving (see %{RNa-} %{eva-}, %{tura-}, %{devayA}).\\3 f. of 3. %{ya} q.v.
yaabhiH = by which
yaachaka = begger
yaacana * = begging, soliciting, asking (also in marriage) S'rngP. Sh. Vet.; ({A}) f.
asking, soliciting, request, petition, entreaty for or solicitation of (comp.) R. Klid. &c.
({-nAm-kri}, to fulfil a request).
yaac * = cl. 1. P. . (Dhtup. xxi, 3) for {yA4cati}, {-te} (usually . in sense of `" asking
for one's self "'; pf. {yayAca} Gr., {yayAce} Br. &c.; aor. {ayAcIt}, {-ciSTa} Subj.
{yAciSat}, {-SAmahe} RV.; Prec. {yAcyAt} Gr.; fut. {yAcitA} ib.; {yAciSyati}, {-te} Br.
&c.; inf. {yAcitum} AV. &c.; ind. p. {yAcitvA}, {-yA4cya} Br. &c.), to ask, beg, solicit,
entreat, require, implore (with double acc.; or with abl., rarely gen. of pers.; the thing
asked may also be in acc. with {prati}, or in dat., or ibc. with {arthe}, or {artham}) RV.
&c. &c.; (with {pu4nar}) to ask anything back TBr.; (with {kanyAm}) to be a suitor for a
girl, to ask a girl in marriage from (abl., rarely acc.) or for ({kRte} or {arthe}; also with
{vivAhA7rtham}) MBh. Kv. &c.; to offer or tender anything (acc.) to (dat.) AV.; to
promise (?) ib.: Pass. {yAcyate}, to be asked (`" for "', acc.; rarely of things) MBh. Kv.
&c.; Caus. {yAca4yati} ({-te} AV.; aor. {ayayAcat} Pn. 7-4, 2), to cause to ask or woo
MBh.; to request anything (acc.) for ({arthe}) Pacat.: Desid. {yiyAciSate} Pn. 6-1, 8
Vrtt. 3 Pat.: Intens. {yAyAcyate}, {yAyAkti} Gr.
yaacaka * = m. a petitioner, asker, beggar Yj. MBh. &c.; ({I}) f. a female beggar MBh.

yaacaka * = m. a petitioner , asker , beggar Ya1jn5. MBh. &c. ; (%{I}) f. a female beggar
MBh.
yaacakavRtti * = f. the occupation or profession of a beggar MW.
yaacana * = n. begging , soliciting , asking (also in marriage) S3a1rn3gP. Sa1h. Vet. ; (%
{A}) f. asking , soliciting , request , petition , entreaty for or solicitation of (comp.) R.
Ka1lid. &c. (%{-nAm-kri} , to fulfil a request).
yaacanaka * = m. an asker , petitioner , beggar Mn. MBh. Hariv. ,
yaacaniiya * = mfn. to be asked , to be desired or requested (n. also impers.) MBh.
Pan5cat.
yaacana * = n. begging, soliciting, asking (also in marriage) S'rngP. Sh. Vet.; ({A}) f.
asking, soliciting, request, petition, entreaty for or solicitation of (comp.) R. Klid. &c.
({-nAm-kri}, to fulfil a request).
yaachate = (1 ap) to beg, to plead
yaaci* = or f. a petition, request Ks'. on Pn. 3-3, 110.
yaacita* = mfn. asked, begged (borrowed) Mn. MBh. &c.; solicited or asked for
(anything, aoc.), entreated, importuned ib.; asked in marriage Vet.; required, requisite,
necessary MW.; n. alms obtained by begging L.
yaacin* = mfn. (ifc.) asking, requesting Nir.

yaacaa *= f. begging, asking for (comp.), asking alms, mendicancy, any petition or
request, prayer, entreaty TS. &c. &c. ({yAcJAM-kR}, to fulfil a request); the being a
suitor, making an offer of marriage Kaths.
yaacya* = mfn. to be asked (esp. for alms) Mn. viii, 181 &c.; to be wooed ({-tA} f.) MBh.;
to be required ib. Hariv.; n. asking, making a request MBh.
yaadasaaM = of all aquatics
yaadrik.h = as it is
yaaji = worshiper
yaaksha * = mf({I})n. (fr. {yakska}) belonging or peculiar to the Yakshas Snkhyak. Sch
yaama = one-eighth part of day, three yaamaas constitute one night
yaa4ma * = 1 m. (for 2. see below, for 3. see p. 851, col. 3) motion, course, going,
progress RV. AV. Br.; a road, way, path ib.; a carriage, chariot RV.; (ifc. f. {A}) a nightwatch, period or watch of 3 hours, the 8th part of a day Mn. MBh. &c.; pl. N. of a partic.
class of gods MBh. Hariv. Pur. ({yama-syA7rkaH} w.r. for {yam-} q.v.); ({I}) f. N. of a
daughter of Daksha (wife of Dbarma or Manu; sometimes written {yAmi}) Hariv. Pur.;
of an Apsaras Hariv. \\yAma * = 2 in comp. for 2. {yA4man}. \\ * = 3 m. ( {yam}; for 1.
2. {yAma} see p. 850, col. 1) cessation, end TS.; restraint, forbearance (= {yama},
{saMyama}) L.; ({yAma4}) mf({I4})n. (fr. {yama}, of which it is also the Vriiddhi form
in comp.) relating to or derived from or destined for Yama Br. Kaus'. Mn.; n. N. of
various Smans rshBr.

yaamini = night
yaamimaaM = all these
yaamuna = of the yamunaa river
yaan.h = those who
yaanti = undergo
yaana* = mfn. leading, conducting (said of a road; `" to "' gen. or adv. in {-trA4}) RV.;
({yA4nI}) f. a path, course TS. MaitrS. Kthh. (cf. g. {gaurA7di}); n. (ifc. f. {A}) a
journey, travel; going, moving, riding, marching &c. to (loc. or comp.) or upon (instr. or
comp.) or against (acc. with {prati}) Mn. MBh. &c.; a vehicle of any kind, carriage,
waggon, vessel, ship, litter, palanquin RV. &c. &c.; (with Buddhists) the vehicle or
method of arriving at knowledge, the means of release from repeated births (there are
either 3 systems, the {zrAvaka-yAna}, the {pratyeka-buddha-y-} or {pratyeka-y-}, and
the {mahA-y-}; or more generally only 2, the {mahA-yAna} or `" Great method "' and the
{hina-y-} or `" Lesser method "'; sometimes there is only `" One Vehicle "', the {ekayAna}, or `" one way to beatitude "') SaddhP. Dharmas. 2 (cf. MWB. 159 &c.)
yaanaka *= n. a vehicle , carriage BhP.
yaasyasi = you will go
yaat * = 1 mfn. (nom. {yAn}, {yAtI}, or {yAntI}, {yAt}; for 2. {yAt} see p. 851, col. 1)
going, moving &c. (in RV. i, 32, 15, `" travelling "', as opp. to {a4va-sita}, `" resting "').

yaata *= mfn. gone, proceeded, marched (n. also impers.) RV. &c. &c. ; gone away, fled,
escaped MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; passed by, elapsed Hariv. Var. ; entered upon, pursued (as a
path) R. ; gone to, come or fallen into (acc. loc, or comp.) Mn. MBh. &c. ; situated (as a
heavenly body) VarBr2S. ; become, turned out (%{kva@tad@yAtam}, what has become
of this?) Hariv. ; known, understood Pat. ; n. motion, progress, gait, course, drive RV.
&c. &c. ; the place where a person has gone Pa1n2. 2-3, 68 Sch. ; the past time (opp. to %
{an-Agatam}, the future) VarBr2S. ; the guiding or driving of an elephant with a goad L.
yaatana* = n. (2. %{yat}) requital, retaliation, return (with %{vairasya}, revenge,
vengeance) MBh.; (%{A}) f. see next.
yaatanaa * = f. id. (%{-nAM-dA}, to make requital, revenge; %{vaira-y-}, vengeance; cf.
above) MBh. Hariv. Pan5cat.; acute pain, torment, agony, (esp.) punishment inflicted by
Yama, the pains of hell (in BhP. personified as the daughter of %{bhaya} and %{mRtyu},
Fear and Death) Mn. MBh. &c.
yaatayaamaM = food cooked three hours before being eaten
yaathaarthyameva = the original nature of things or the natural states + alone
yaati = goes
yaatraa = maintenance *= f. going, setting off, journey, march, expedition MBh. Ka1v.
&c. (with %{prANAntikI} or %{aurdhvadehikI} = death ; %{yAtrAM-yA} or %{dA}, to
undertake an expedition, take the field ; %{yAtrAm-pRch}, to wish luck DivyA7v.) ; going
on a pilgrimage (cf. %{gaGgA-} and %{tIrtha-y-}) ; a festive train, procession Katha1s.
Ra1jat. Hit. (cf. %{deva-y-}) ; a feast, festival (= %{utsava}) Ba1lar. ; support of life,

livelihood, maintenance Mn. MBh. &c. ; intercourse (with %{laukikI}, worldly

intercourse = %{jagad-y-}) Mn. xi, 184 ; way, means, expedient L. ; passing away time
W. ; practice, usage, custom W. ; N. of a partic. kind of astronomical wk. (cf. %{yoga-y-})
; of a sort of dramatic entertainment (popular in Bengal) W.
yaatu * = m. one who goes, a traveller L.; `" going against, attack (?) "', sorcery,
witchcraft RV. AV. Kthh. S'Br.; a kind of evil, spirit, fiend, demon RV. AV. Kaus'.; wind
L.; time L.; n. = {rakSas} L.
yaatudhaana * = m. = {yAtu}, a kind of evil spirit or demon ({I} f.) RV. &c. &c.; {kSa4yaNa} mfn. destroying YYtus AV.; {-pre7Sita} ({-dhA4na-}) mfn. hurled by
YYtus S'Br.
yaa4t * = 2 ind. (obs. abl. of 3. {ya} cf. {ta4t}; for 1. {yAt} see p. 849, col. 2) inasmuch as,
so far as, as long as, since RV. AV. [Cf. Gk. $.] &257890[851, 1] \\ 3 (2. {yat}). see {riNayA4t
yaava* = 1 m. = 1. {yava} TS. \\2 mf({I})n. (fr. 3. {yava}, of which it is also the Vriiddhi
form in comp.) relating to or consisting of or prepared from barley KtyS'r.; m. a kind of
food prepared from bbarley L.; ({I}) f. Andro graphis Paniculata L.\\3 m. lac or the red
dye prepared from the cochineal insect Naish.
yaavat * = mf(%{atI})n. (fr. 3. %{ya} ; correlative of %{tAvat} q.v.) as great, as large, as
much, as many, as often, as frequent, as far, as long, as old &c. (or how great &c. =
quantus, quot or qualis) RV. &c. &c. (%{yA4vantaH@ki4yantaH}, `" as many as "' TBr. ;
%{yA4vad@vA@yAvad@vA}, `" as much as possible "' S3Br. ; %{yAvat@tAvat}, `" so
much as "', in alg. applied to the first unknown quantity [= x] or so much of the unknown

as its co-efficient number ; in this sense also expressed by the first syllable %{yA} cf. IW.
182 ; %{iti@yAvat} in Comms. `" just so much "', `" only so "', `" that is to say "', `" such
is the explanation "') ; ind. as greatly as, as far as, as much or as many as ; as often as,
whenever ; as long as, whilst ; as soon as, the moment that, until that, till, until RV. &c.
&c. (in these senses used with either pres. Pot. fut. impf., or aor., or with the simple
copula). %{yAvat} with the 1st sg. of pres., rarely of Pot., may denote an intended action
and may be translated by `" meanwhile "', `" just "' ; %{yA4vad@yAvad-tA4vat@tAvat},
`" as gradually as-so "' S3Br. ; %{yAvan@na}, `" while not "', `" before "', `" till "' ; `" if
not "', `" whether not "' ; %{na@yAvattAvat}, `" scarcely-when "', `" no sooner-than "' ;
%{na@param}, or %{na@kevalam-yAvat}, `" not only-but even. "' Sometimes %{yAvat}
is also used as a preposition with a prec. or following acc., or with a following abl., rarely
dat. e.g. %{mAsam@ekaM@yAvat}, `" during one month "' ; %{sUryo7dayaM@yAvat},
`" until sunrise "' ; %{sarpa-vivaraM@yAvat}, `" up to the serpent's hole "' ; %{yAvad} or
%{yAvad-A@samApanAt}, `" until the completion "' ; %
{yAvad@garbhasya@paripAkAya}, `" until the maturity of the fetus. "' Sometimes also
with a nom. followed by %{iti} e.g. %{anta@iti@yAvat}, `" as far as the end "' ; %
{paJca@yAvad@iti}, `" up to five "' ; or with another ind. word e.g. %{adya@yAvat}, `"
up to this day. "' %{yAvatA} ind. as far as, as long as A1past. R. BhP. ; till, until (with
Pot.) La1t2y. (with %{na}, as long as not, before BhP.) ; as soon as, the moment that Cat.
; in as much as Pat. ; %{yA4vati} ind. as long as, as far as &c. S3Br. TBr. ; %{yAvatitAvati} Das3.
yaavachcha..ndrashcha = yAvat.h + chandraH + cha:till the moon and (sun last)
yaaja* = m. a sacrificer (in {ati-yAja4}) RV.; m. a sacrifice (cf. {upA7Mzu-}, {Rtu-y-}
&c.); boiled rice or any food L.; N. of a Brahmarshi MBh.

yaajana* = n. (fr. Caus.) sacrificing for others, the act of performing a sacrifice for (gen.
or comp.) Mn. MBh. &c.
yaana mfn. leading, conducting (said of a road; `" to "' gen. or adv. in %{-trA4}) RV.;
(%{yA4nI}) f. a path, course TS. MaitrS. Ka1t2h. (cf. g. %{gaurA7di}); n. (ifc. f. %{A}) a
journey, travel; going, moving, riding, marching &c. to (loc. or comp.) or upon (instr. or
comp.) or against (acc. with %{prati}) Mn. MBh. &c.; a vehicle of any kind, carriage,
waggon, vessel, ship, litter, palanquin RV. &c. &c.; (with Buddhists) the vehicle or
method of arriving at knowledge, the means of release from repeated births (there are
either 3 systems, the %{zrAvaka-yAna}, the %{pratyeka-buddha-y-} or %{pratyeka-y-},
and the %{mahA-y-}; or more generally only 2, the %{mahA-yAna} or `" Great method "'
and the %{hina-y-} or `" Lesser method "'; sometimes there is only `" One Vehicle "', the
%{eka-yAna}, or `" one way to beatitude "') SaddhP. Dharmas. 2 (cf. MWB. 159 &c.)
yaavat.h = by the time when
yaavat *= mf(%{atI})n. (fr. 3. %{ya}; correlative of %{tAvat} q.v.) as great, as large, as
much, as many, as often, as frequent, as far, as long, as old &c. (or how great &c. =
quantus, quot or qualis) RV. &c. &c. (%{yA4vantaH@ki4yantaH}, `" as many as "' TBr.;
%{yA4vad@vA@yAvad@vA}, `" as much as possible "' S3Br.; %{yAvat@tAvat}, `" so
much as "', in alg. applied to the first unknown quantity [= x] or so much of the unknown
as its co-efficient number; in this sense also expressed by the first syllable %{yA} cf. IW.
182; %{iti@yAvat} in Comms. `" just so much "', `" only so "', `" that is to say "', `" such
is the explanation "'); ind. as greatly as, as far as, as much or as many as; as often as,
whenever; as long as, whilst; as soon as, the moment that, until that, till, until RV. &c.
&c. (in these senses used with either pres. Pot. fut. impf., or aor., or with the simple
copula). %{yAvat} with the 1st sg. of pres., rarely of Pot., may denote an intended action

and may be translated by `" meanwhile "', `" just "'; %{yA4vad@yAvad-tA4vat@tAvat},
`" as gradually as-so "' S3Br.; %{yAvan@na}, `" while not "', `" before "', `" till "'; `" if
not "', `" whether not "'; %{na@yAvattAvat}, `" scarcely-when "', `" no sooner-than "'; %
{na@param}, or %{na@kevalam-yAvat}, `" not only-but even. "' Sometimes %{yAvat} is
also used as a preposition with a prec. or following acc., or with a following abl., rarely
dat. e.g. %{mAsam@ekaM@yAvat}, `" during one month "'; %{sUryo7dayaM@yAvat},
`" until sunrise "'; %{sarpa-vivaraM@yAvat}, `" up to the serpent's hole "'; %{yAvad} or
%{yAvad-A@samApanAt}, `" until the completion "'; %
{yAvad@garbhasya@paripAkAya}, `" until the maturity of the fetus. "' Sometimes also
with a nom. followed by %{iti} e.g. %{anta@iti@yAvat}, `" as far as the end "'; %
{paJca@yAvad@iti}, `" up to five "'; or with another ind. word e.g. %{adya@yAvat}, `"
up to this day. "' %{yAvatA} ind. as far as, as long as A1past. R. BhP.; till, until (with Pot.)
La1t2y. (with %{na}, as long as not, before BhP.); as soon as, the moment that Cat.; in as
much as Pat.; %{yA4vati} ind. as long as, as far as &c. S3Br. TBr.; %{yAvati-tAvati}
Das3.
yaavantaH = as many as
yaavaan.h = all that
ya = who
yacchIla* = (for {-zIla}) mfn. having which disposition MBh.
yacchraddha* = (for {-zraddha}) mfn. having which faith or belief Bhag.
yac* = in comp. for {yad}

yad * = (nom. and acc. sg. n. and base in comp. of 3. %{ya}), who, which, what,
whichever, whatever, that RV. &c. &c. (with correlatives %{tad}, %{tyad}, %{etad}, %
{idam}, %{adas}, %{tad@etad}, %{etad@tyad}, %{idaM@tad}, %{tad@idam}, %
{tAdRza}, %{IdRza}, %{IdRz}, %{etAvad}, by which it is oftener followed than preceded;
or the correl. is dropped e.g. %
{yas@tu@nA7rabhate@karma@kSipram@bhavati@nirdravyaH}, `" [he] indeed who
does not begin work soon becomes poor "' R.; or the rel. is dropped e.g. %
{andhakam@bhartAraM@na@tyajet@sA@mahA-satI}, `" she who does not desert a
blind husband is a very faithful wife "' Vet. %{yad} is often repeated to express `"
whoever "', `" whatever "', `" whichever "', e.g. %{yo@yaH}, `" whatever man "'; %
{yA@yA}, `" whatever woman; %{yo@yaj@jayati@tasya@tat}, `" whatever he wins [in
war] belongs to him "' Mn. vii, 96; %{yad@yad@vadati@tad@tad@bhavati}, `"
whatever he says is true "', or the two relatives may be separated by %{hi}, and are
followed by the doubled or single correl. %{tad} e.g. %
{upyate@yad@dhi@yad@bIjam@tat@tad@eva@prarohati}, `" whatever seed is sown,
that even comes forth "' Mn. ix, 40; similar indefinite meanings are expressed by the
relative joined with %{tad} e.g. %{yasmai@tasmai}, `" to any one whatever "', esp. in %
{yadvA@tadvA}, `" anything whatever "'; or by %{yaH} with %{kazca}, %{kazcana}, %
{kazcit}, or [in later language, not in Manu] %{ko'pi} e.g. %{yaH@kazcit}, `" whosoever
"'; %{yAni@kAni@ca@mitrANi}, `" any friends whatsoever "'; %
{yena@kenA7py@upA7yena}, `" by any means whatsoever. "' %{yad} is joined with %
{tvad} to express generalization e.g. %{zUdrAMs@tvad@yAMs@tvad}, `" either the
S3u1dras or anybody else "' S3Br.; or immediately followed by a pers. pron. on which it
lays emphasis e.g. %{yo@'ham}, `" I that very person who "'; %
{yas@tvaM@kathaM@vettha}, `" how do you know? "' S3Br.; it is also used in the sense
of `" si quis "' e.g. %{striyaM@spRzed@yaH}, `" should any one touch a woman. "' %
{yad} is also used without the copula e.g. %

{andho@jaDaH@pITha@sarpI@saptatyA@sthavirazca@yaH}, `" a blind man, an idiot,

a cripple, and a man seventy years old "' Mn. viii, 394; sometimes there is a change of
construction in such cases e.g. %{ye@ca@mAnuSAH} for %{mAnuSAMz-ca} Mn. x, 86;
the nom. sg. n. %{yad} is then often used without regard to gender or number and may
be translated by `" as regards "', `" as for "', e.g. %
{kSatraM@vA@etad@vanaspatInAM@yan@nyag-rodhaH}, `" as for the Nyag-rodha, it
is certainly the prince among trees "' AitBr.; or by `" that is to say "', `" to wit "' e.g. %
{tato@devA@etaM@vajraM@dadRzur@yad@apaH}, `" the gods then saw this
thunderbolt, to wit, the water "' S3Br. %{yad} as an adv. conjunction generally = `" that
"', esp. after verbs of saying, thinking &c., often introducing an oratio directa with or
without %{iti}; %{iti@yad}, at the end of a sentence = `" thinking that "', `" under the
impression that "' e.g. Ratna7v. ii, 2/8. %{yad} also = `" so that "', `" in order that "', `"
wherefore "', `" whence "', `" as "', `" in as much as "', `" since "', `" because "' [the
correlative being %{tad}, `" therefore "'], `" when "', `" if "' RV. &c. &c.; %
{a4dha@ya4d}, `" even if "', `" although "' RV. %{yad@api} id. Megh. %{yad@u} - %
{evam}, `" as - so "' S3vetUp.; %{yad@uta}, `" that "' Ba1lar.; `" that is to say "', `"
scilicet "' Ka1ran2d2. DivyA7v.; %{yat@kila}, `" that "' Prasannar.; %{yac@ca}, `" if "',
`" that is to say "' Car.; %{yac@ca-yac@ca}, `" both - and "' DivyA7v.; `" that "' [accord.
to Pa1n2. 3-3, 148 after expressions of `" impossibility "', `" disbelief "', `" hope "', `"
disregard "', `" reproach "' and, wonder "']; %{yad@vA}, `" or else "', `" whether "' Ka1v.
Ra1jat.; [%{yad@vA}, `" or else "', is very often in commentators]; `" however "' Ba1lar.;
%{yad@vA} - %{yadi@vA}, `" if-or it "' Bhag.; %{yad@bhUyasA}, `" for the most part "'
DivyA7v.; %{yat@satyam}, `" certainly "', `" indeed "', `" of course "' Mr2icch. Ratna7v.;
%{yan@nu}, with 1st pers., `" what if I "', `" let me DivyA7v.); m. = %{puruSa} Tattvas.
yadaa = when

yadaayuH = yat+AyuH
yadi = if
yadrichchhayaa = by its own accord
yadricchaa = out of its own accord * = mf({A})n. spontaneous, accidental pGri.; ({A}) f.
self-will, spontaneity, accident, chance (ibc. or {ayA} ind. spontaneously, by accident,
unexpectedly), S'vetUP. Mn. MBh. &c.; (in gram.) see {-zabda}, below; {-tas} ind. by
chance, accidentally BhP.; {--bhijJa} ({-cchA7bh-}) m. a voluntary or self-offered
witness Nr.; {-mAtra-tas} ind. only quite by accident Kaths.; {-lAbha-saMtuSTa} mfn.
satisfied with obtaining what comes spontaneously, easily satisfied Bhag.; {-zabada} m.
`" chance-word "', a word neither derived from authority nor possessing meaning S'is'.;
{-saMvAda} m. accidental or spontaneous conversation Uttarar.; {-cchika} m. (scil.
{putra}) a son who offers himself for adoption MW.
yadeva = yat.h + eva: whatever + itself or alone
yadyat.h = whatever
yadyapi = even though
yadvat.h = as
yadvaa = whether
yaGYa = a sacrifice

yaGYaM = sacrifice
yaGYaH = performance of yajna
yaGYabhaavitaaH = being satisfied by the performance of sacrifices
yaGYavidaH = conversant with the purpose of performing sacrifices
yaGYashishhTa = of the result of such performances of yajna
yaGYashishhTaa = of food taken after performance of yajna
yaGYakshapita = being cleansed as the result of such performances
yaGYaaH = sacrifices
yaGYaat.h = from the performance of sacrifice
yaGYaanaaM = sacrifices
yaGYaaya = for the sake of Yaja (KRishhNa)
yaGYaarthaat.h = done only for the sake of Yaja, or Visnu
yaGYe = in sacrifice
yaGYena = by sacrifice

yaGYeshaH = lord of all sacrifices, worshipping rites

yaGYeshhu = in the performances of yajna, sacrifice
yaGYaiH = with sacrifices
yaja *= m. a word formed to explain %{yajus} S3Br. ; (%{A}) f. N., of a female tutelary
being (mentioned with Si1ta1, S3ama1 and Bhu1ti) Pa1rGr2. \\ see also yAja.
yajata* = mf({A4})n. worthy of worship, adorable, holy, sublime RV. [cf. Zd. {yazata}];
m. a priest (= {Rtv-ij}) L.; the moon L.; N. of S'iva L.; (with treya) of a Riishi (author of
RV. v, 67, 68) Anukr.
yajati* = m. N. of those sacrificial ceremonies to which the verb {yajati} is applied (as
opp. to {juhoti}) KtyS'r. (cf. Kull. on Mn. ii, 84).
yajatisthAna* = n. the place or position of the Vedi or sacrificial altar KtyS'r. Sch.
yajatra* = mf({A})n. worthy of worship or sacrifice, deserving adoration RV. VS. AV.; m.
= {agnihotrin} L.; = {yAga} L.; n. = {agni-hotra} L.
yajatha* = (only in slat. = {-thAya}, construed like an inf.) worship, sacrifice RV.
yajanta* = m. a sacrificer, worshipper (?) W.
yajas* = n. worship, sacrifice RV. viii, 40, 4 (= {yAga} Sy.)
yaja* = m. a word formed to explain {yajus} S'Br.; ({A}) f. N., of a female tutelary being

(mentioned with St, S'am and Bhti) PrGri.

yajanIya* = 1 mfn. (fr. prec.) relating to sacrifice or worship; n. (with or scil. {ahan}) a
day of sacrifice or consecration GriS'rS.
yajati = (1 pp) to sacrifice
yajatraaH = doing yAga or yagya or sacrifice?
yajantaH = sacrificing
yajanti = they worship
yajante = they worship by sacrifices
yajaama = I pl `imperative' parasmaipada of yaj
yajinaH = devotees
yajuH = the Yajur Veda
yajurveda = Yajur-veda *= m. `" the sacrificial Veda "' , the collective body of sacred
Mantras or texts which constitute the Yajur-veda (these Mantras , though often
consisting of the prose Yajus , are frequently identical with the Mantras of the R2ig-veda
, the Yajur-veda being only a sort of sacrificial prayer-book for ihe Adhvaryu priests
formed out of the R2ig-veda , which had to be dissected and rearranged with additional
texts for sacrificial purposes ; the most characteristic feature of the Yajur-veda is its
division into two distinct collections of texts , the Taittiri1ya-sam2hita1 and the

Va1jasaneyi-sam2hita1 q.v. ; the former of which is also called Kr2ishn2a i.e. `" Black "' ,
because in it the Sam2hita1 and Bra1hmana portions are confused ; and the latter S3ukla
i.e. `" White "' , because in this , which is thought the more recent of the two recensions ,
the Sam2hita1 is cleared from confusion with its Brahman2a and is as it were white or
orderly ; the order of sacrifices , however , of both recensions is similar , two of the
principal being the Dars3a-pu1rn2a-ma1sa or sacrifice to be performed at new and full
moon , and the As3va-medha or horse-sacrifice ; cf. IW. 6 ; 245 n. 2) Br. Gr2S3rS. Mn.
&c. ; %{-kriyAsvara-lakSaNa} n. %{-jaTA7vali} f. %{-tri-kANDa-bhASya} , n. %{-pada}
n. %{-brAhmaNa} n. %{-bhASya} n. %{-maJjarI} f. %{-mantra-saMhitA-sukhabodhana} n. %{-lakSaNa} n. %{-zAkhA} f. %{-zrAddha} n. %{-zrauta} n. %{-saMhitA} f.
(and %{-tA7nukramaNikA} f. %{-tAbrAhmaNa} n.) , %{-smArta} n. ;%{-dA7raNyaka} n.
%{-dA7rNava} m. %{-dA7zIr-vAda} m. %{-do7paniSad} (?) f. N. of wks.
19 yAjurvedika or %{-vaidika} mfn. belonging or relating to the Yajur-veda Ka1tyS3r.
Sch.
yajus *= n. religious reverence, veneration, worship, sacrifice RV. ; a sacrificial prayer
or formula (technical term for partic. Mantras muttered in a peculiar manner at a
sacrifice ; they were properly in prose and distinguished from the %{Rc} and %{sAman}
q.v.) RV. &c. &c. ; N. of the Yajur-veda q.v. (also pl.) ; of a partic. sacrificial text
Nr2isUp. ; m. N. of a man Katha1s.
yallabhase = yat.h+labhase, whatever+(you)obtain
yakrit.h = liver
yaksha *= the Yakshas *= n. a living supernatural being, spiritual apparition, ghost,
spirit RV. AV. VS. Br. GriS'rS. (accord. to some native Comms. = {yajJa}, {pujA},

{pUjita} &c.); m. N. of a class of semi-divine beings (attendants of Kubera, exceptionally

also of Vishnu; described as sons of Pulastya, of Pulaha, of Kas'yapa, of Khas or
Krodh; also as produced from the feet of Brahm; though generally regarded as beings
of a benevolent and inoffensive disposition, like the Yaksha in Klidsa's Megha-dta,
they are occasionally classed with Pis'cas and other malignant spirits, and sometimes
said to cause demoniacal possession; as to their position in the Buddhist system see
MWB. 206, 218) Up. GriS. Mn. MBh. &c.; (with Jainas) a subdivision of the Vyantaras;
N. of Kubera VarYogay.; of a Muni R.; of a son of S'vaphalka VP.; of Indra's palace L.; a
dog L.; ({A}) f. N. of a woman HParis'.; ({I}) f. a female Yaksha MBh. R. &c.
({yakSINAm prathamA yakSI} = {durgA} Hariv.); N. of Kubera's wife L.
yaksh *= (perhaps Desid. of a {yah}, from which {yahu} and {yahva}) cl. 1. P. .
{ya4kSati}, {-te}, (prob.) to be quick, speed on (only in {pra-yakS} q.v.; and once in
{yakSAmas}, to explain {yakSa} R. vii, 4, 12), cl. 10. . {yakSayate}, to worship, honour
Dhtup. xxxiii, 19.
yaksha4-taa *= f. (Kaths.) or (R.) the state or condition of a YYaksha-tank.
yaksha4-tva *= n. (R.) the state or condition of a YYaksha-tank.
yaksha4-raaja *= m. `" YYaksha-tank-king "'N. of Kubera MBh.
yaksha4-raatri *= f. `" night of the YYaksha-tank "'N. of a festival (= {dIpA7lI} q.v.) L.
yaksha4-sena *= m. N. of a king Buddh. [838, 3]
yakshendra *= m. a king of the YYaksha-tank R. MrkP.; N. of Kubera MBh. R.

yakshes' *= m. N. of the servants of the 11th and 18th Arhat of the present Avasarpin L.
yakshes'a *= m. = next W
yakshaRkshasaaM = of the Yakshas and Raksasas
yaksharakshaa.nsi = demons
yakshye = I shall sacrifice
yam *= cl. 1. P. (Dha1tup. xxiii , 15) %{ya4cchati} (Ved. also %{-te} , and Ved. ep. %
{ya4mati} , %{-te} ; pf. %{yayAma} , %{yeme} ; 2. sg. %{yayantha} , 3. pl. %{yemu4H} ,
%{yemire4} RV. &c. &c. ; 3. du. irreg. %{-yamatuH} RV. v , 67 , 1 ; aor. %{a4yAn} , %
{a4yamuh} ; Impv. %{yaMsi} , %{yandhi4} ; Pot. %{yamyAs} , %{yamImahi} RV. ; %
{a4yAMsam} , %{ayAMsi} , %{a4yaMsta} Subj. %{yaMsat} , %{-satas} , %{-sate} ib. Br. ;
3. sg. %{-ya4miSTa} RV. v , 32 , 7 ; %{ayaMsiSam} Gr. ; fut. %{yantA} ib. ; %{yaMsyati}
, %{yamiSyati} Br. &c. inf. %{ya4ntum} , %{yamitum} ib. ; %{ya4ntave} , %
{ya4mitavai4} RV. ; ind. p. %{yatvA} , %{yamitvA} MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; %{ya4tya} AV. Br. ;
%{-yamya} Gr2S3rS. ; %{-ya4mam} RV. Br.) , to sustain , hold , hold up , support (A1.
`" one's self "' ; with loc. `" to be founded on "') RV. Br. ChUp. ; to raise , wield (a weapon
&c. ; A1. with %{Ayudhaih} , `" to brandish weapons "') RV. ; to raise , extend or hold (as
a screen &c.) over (dat.) RV. ; (A1.) to extend one's self before (dat.) AitBr. ; to raise (the
other scale) , weigh more S3Br. ; to stretch out , expand , spread , display , show RV. ; to
hold or keep in , hold back , restrain , check , curb , govern , subdue , control ib. &c. &c. ;
to offer ; confer , grant , bestow on (dat. or loc.) , present with (instr.) RV. &c. &c. ; (with
%{mArgam}) , to make way for (gen.) MBh. ; (with %{prati} and abl.) , to give anything
in exchange for anything Ka1s3. on Pa1n2. 2-3 , 11 ; (A1.) to give one's self up to , be

faithful to , obey (dat.) RV. ; to raise , utter (a sound &c.) ib. ; to fix , establish ib. ; (A1.)
to be firm , not budge RV. ; to catch fire TBr. (Sch.): Pass. %{yamya4te} (aor. %{a4yAmI}) , to be raised or lifted up or held back or restrained RV. &c. &c.: Caus. %{yAmayati}
(AV.) , %{yamayati} (Br. &c. ; %{-te} MBh. ; aor %{ayIyamat}) , to restrain , hold in ,
control , keep or put in order: Desid. %{yiyaMsati} , to wish to restrain &c. Br.: Intens. %
{yaMyamIti} (see %{ud-yam}) or %{yaMyamyate} (Pa1n2. 7-4 , 85 , Vartt. 2 Pat.) [Cf.
Gk. $ , `" restraint , punishment. "'] &256215[845 ,2]
yama = the god of death, also the five moral commandments* = m. a rein, curb, bridle
RV. v, 61, 2; a driver, charioteer ib. viii, 103, to; the act of checking or curbing,
suppression, restraint (with {vAcAm}, restraint of words, silence) BhP.; self-control
forbearance, any great moral rule or duty (as opp. to {niyama}, a minor observance; in
Yj. iii, 313 ten Yamas are mentioned, sometimes only five) Mn. MBh. &c.; (in Yoga)
self-restraint (as the first of the eight Angas or means of attaining mental concentration)
IW. 93; any rule or observance PrGri.; ({yama4}) mf({A4} or {I4})n. twin-born, twin,
forming a pair RV. &c. &c.; m. a twin, one of a pair or couple, a fellow (du. `" the twins "'
N. of the As'vins and of their twin children by Mdr, called Nakula and Saha-deva;
{yamau mithunau}, twins of different sex) ib.; a symbolical N. for the number `" two "'
Hcat.; N. of the god who presides over the Pitriis (q.v.) and rules the spirits of the dead
RV. &c. &c. IW. 18; 197, 198 &c. RTL. 10; 16; 289 &c. (he is regarded as the first of men
and born from Vivasvat, `" the Sun "', and his wife Sarany; while his brother, the
seventh Manu, another form of the first man, is the son of Vivasvat and Sanj, the
image of Sarany; his twin-sister is Yam, with whom he resists sexual alliance, but by
whom he is mourned after his death, so that the gods, to make her forget her sorrow,
create night; in the Veda he is called a king or {saMgamano janAnAm}, `" the gatherer of
men "', and rules over the departed fathers in heaven, the road to which is guarded by
two broad-nosed, four-eyed, spotted dogs, the children of S'aram q.v.; in Post-vedic

mythology he is the appointed Judge and `" Restrainer "' or `" Punisher "' of the dead, in
which capacity he is also called {dharmarAja} or {dharma} and corresponds to the Greek
Pluto and to Minos; his abode is in some region of the lower world called Yama-pura;
thither a soul when it leaves the body, is said to repair, and there, after the recorder,
Citra-gupta, has read an account of its actions kept in a book called Agra-sandhn, it
receives a just sentence; in MBh. Yama is described as dressed in blood-red garments,
with a glittering form, a crown on his head, glowing eyes and like Varuna, holding a
noose, with which he binds the spirit after drawing it from the body, in size about the
measure of a mas thumb; he is otherwise represented as grim in aspect, green in
colour, clothed in red, riding on a buffalo, and holding a club in one hind and noose in
the other; in the later mythology he is always represented as a terrible deity inflicting
tortures, called {yAtanA}, on departed spirits [846, 2]; he is also one of the 8 guardians
of the world as regent of the South quarter; he is the regent of the Nakshatra Apabharan or Bharan, the supposed author of RV. x, 10; 14, of a hymn to Vishnu and of a
law-book; {yamasyA7rkaH}N. of a Sman rshBr.); N. of the planet Saturn (regarded as
the son of Vivasvat and Chy) Hariv. BhP.; of one of Skanda's attendants (mentioned
together with Ati-yama) MBh.; a crow L. (cf. {-dUtaka}); a bad horse (whose limbs are
either too small or too large) L.; ({I4}) f. N. of Yama's twin-sister (who is identified in
Postvedic mythology with the river-goddess Yamun) RV. &c. &c.; n. a pair, brace,
couple L.; (in gram.) a twin-letter (the consonant interposed and generally understood,
but not written in practice, between a nasal immediately preceded by one of the four
other consonants in each class) Prt. Pat. on Pn. 1-1, 8; pitch of the voice, tone of
utterance, key Prt.
yamaH = the controller of death
yamaduutaanaaM = the messengers of the lord of death (yama)

yamana * mf({I})n. restraining, governing, managing VS.; m. the god Yama L.; n. the act
of restraining &c. Hariv. Rjat.; binding, tying L.; cessation, end L.
yamena = by Yama, the lord of Death
yamevaisha = yaM + eva + esha: him + itself or alone + this
yaM = one to whom
yana, see: yAna * =. leading, conducting (said of a road; `" to "' gen. or adv. in {-trA4})
RV.; ({yA4nI}) f. a path, course TS. MaitrS. Kthh. (cf. g. {gaurA7di}); n. (ifc. f. {A}) a
journey, travel; going, moving, riding, marching &c. to (loc. or comp.) or upon (instr. or
comp.) or against (acc. with {prati}) Mn. MBh. &c.; a vehicle of any kind, carriage,
waggon, vessel, ship, litter, palanquin RV. &c. &c.; (with Buddhists) the vehicle or
method of arriving at knowledge, the means of release from repeated births (there are
either 3 systems, the {zrAvaka-yAna}, the {pratyeka-buddha-y-} or {pratyeka-y-}, and
the {mahA-y-}; or more generally only 2, the {mahA-yAna} or `" Great method "' and the
{hina-y-} or `" Lesser method "'; sometimes there is only `" One Vehicle "', the {ekayAna}, or `" one way to beatitude "') SaddhP. Dharmas. 2 (cf. MWB. 159 &c.)
yantavya * = mfn. to be restrained or checked or controlled MaitrS. MBh.
yantri (yantR) * = mfn. restraining, limiting, withholding from (loc.) A1past. ; fixing,
establishing RV. AV. VS. (f. %{ya4ntrI}) ; granting, bestowing RV. ; m. (ifc. also %{tRka}) a driver (of horses or elephants), charioteer ib. &c. &c. ; a ruler, governor,
manager, guide RV. Hariv. ; %{yantAraH} among the %{yAcJA-karmANaH} Naigh. iii,
19.

yantra * = n. any instrument for holding or restraining or fastening, a prop, support,

barrier RV. &c. &c. ; a fetter, band, tie, thong, rein, trace Mn. MBh. ; a surgical
instrument (esp. a blunt one, such as tweezers, a vice &c., opp. to %{zastra}) Sus3r.
Va1gbh. ; any instrument or apparatus, mechanical contrivance, engine, machine,
implement, appliance (as a bolt or lock on a door, oars or sails in a boat, &c.) MBh. Ka1v.
&c. (cf. %{kUpa-}, %{jala-}, %{taila-y-} ; ibc. or ifc. often = mechanical, magical) ;
restraint, force (%{eNa} ind. forcibly, violently) MW. ; an amulet, mystical diagram
supposed to possess occult powers Katha1s. Pan5car. (cf. RTL. 203).
yantra = a design used in meditation
yantram.h = (n) machine
yantraagaaram.h = (n) factory
yantr * = (rather Nom. fr. %{yantra} see col. 3) cl. 10. P. (Dha1tup. xxxii, 3) %
{yantrayati} (or 1. P. %{yantrati}), to restrain, curb, bind (%{saMkocane}) Dha1tup. ; to
bind up, bandage Sus3r.
ya.ntu = reach us
yarhi: V* when because, whenever, as if, *= ind. (fr. 3. {ya}; correlative of {ta4rhi},
{eta4rhi}, but also followed by {tadA}, {tatra}, {atha} &c.) when, at which time,
whenever, while, whereas (with pres. or Pot., imp. aor. or pf.; sometimes also with no
verb) TS. AitBr. BhP.; since, as, because BhP.
yasha = Success

yashaH = fame
yashas.h = glory
yas'as *= n. beautiful appearance, beauty, splendour, worth RV. AV. VS. S'Br. GriS'rS.;
honour, glory, fame, renown AV. &c. &c. (also personified as a son of Kma and Rati
Hariv.; or of Dharma and Krti Pur.); an object of honour, a person of respectability
S'Br.; favour, graciousness, partiality RV.; N. of various Smans rshBr.; = {udaka},
water, or {anna}, food, or {dhana}, wealth Naigh.; ({yaza4s}) mfn. beautiful, splendid,
worthy, excellent RV. AV.; honoured, respected, venerated ib.; pleasant, agreeable,
estimable ib.
yashaa.nsi = reputation
yas'oda*= mfn. conferring fame or renown L.; m. quicksilver L. (cf. {yazo-dhA}); ({A}) f.
see 1. {yazo-dA}.
yas'odaa*= f. (of {yazoda}) N. of the daughter of a class of deceased ancestors Hariv.; of
the wife of the cowherd Nanda (Kriishna's foster-mother who nursed him immediately
after his birth cf. IW. 332) Hariv. Pur. &c.; of the wife of Mah-vra (and daughter of
Samaravra) W.; {-garbha-sambhUtA} f. N. of Durg MBh.; {-nanda} (Hariv.), {nandana} (Pacar.), {-suta} (Cn.), m. `" Yas'o-d's son "', metron. of Kriishna.
-2.\\*=mfn. bestowing fame or honour TS.; f. N. of partic. bricks ib. pS'r.
yashovaan.h = man with fame
yashhTavyaM = must be performed

yashhTikaasana = the stick posture

yashhTikriiDaa = (f) dandia (a dance using wooden sticks)
yasmaat.h = from whom *= ind. (abl. of 3. %{ya} , correlative of %{tasmAt} , %{tatas} ,
%{tad} &c.) from which , from which cause , since , as , because Mn. MBh. &c. that , in
order that R.
yasmai = that person to whom
yasmin.h = in which
yasya = whose, * to be endeavored, to be killed, to be one oines way, to be gone
yasyaaM = in which
yazas *= n. beautiful appearance , beauty , splendour , worth RV. AV. VS. S3Br.
Gr2S3rS. ; honour , glory , fame , renown AV. &c. &c. (also personified as a son of
Ka1ma and Rati Hariv. ; or of Dharma and Ki1rti Pur.) ; an object of honour , a person of
respectability S3Br. ; favour , graciousness , partiality RV. ; N. of various Sa1mans
A1rshBr. ; = %{udaka} , water , or %{anna} , food , or %{dhana} , wealth Naigh. ; (%
{yaza4s}) mfn. beautiful , splendid , worthy , excellent RV. AV. ; honoured , respected ,
venerated ib. ; pleasant , agreeable , estimable ib.
yazasya *= mfn. conferring fame or renown, famous, creditable, glorious TS. &c. &c. ;
honoured, celebrated R. ; stately, decent Car. ; (%{A}) f. N. of various plants (= %
{Rddhi}, %{jIvantI} &c.) L.

yat V*= that which, which, whatever, because, as* = 1 mfn. (pr. p. of 5. {i}) going,
moving RV. &c. &c. ({abde yati}, in this year L.) \\ 2 cl. 1. . (prob. connected with
{yam} and orig. meaning, to stretch "' Dhtup. ii, 29) {ya4tate} (Ved. and ep. also P. {ti}; p. {ya4tamAna}, {ya4tAna} and {yatAna4} RV.; pf. {yete}, 3. pl. {yetire} ib. &c.; aor.
{ayatiSTa} Br.; fut. {yatiSyate} Br., {-ti} MBh.; inf. {yatitum} MBh.; ind. p. {-ya4tya}
MBh.), (P.) to place in order, marshal, join, connect RV.; (P. or .) to keep pace, be in
line, rival or vie with (instr.) ib.; (.) to join (instr.), associate with (instr.), march or fly
together or in line ib.; to conform or comply with (instr.) ib.; to meet, encounter (in
battle) ib. Br.; to seek to join one's self with, make for, tend towards (loc.) ib.; to
endeavour to reach, strive after, be eager or anxious for (with loc. dat. acc. with or
without {prati}, once with gen.; also with {arthe}, {arthAya}, {artham} and {hetos} ifc.;
or with inf.) Mn. MBh. Kv. &c.; to exert one's self, take pains, endeavour, make effort,
persevere, be cautious or watchful ib.; to be prepared for (acc.) R.: Caus. (or cl. 10
Dhtup. xxxiii, 62) {yAta4yati} (or {-te}; aor. {ayIyatat}; Pass. {yAtyate}), to join, unite
(. intrans.) RV.; to join or attach to (loc.), P PacavBr.; to cause to fight AitBr.; to strive
to obtain anything (acc.) from (abl.) Mlav.; (rarely .) to requite, return, reward or
punish, reprove (as a fault) RV. &c. &c. [841, 1]; (.) to surrender or yield up anything
(acc) to (acc. or gen.) MBh.; (P. .) to distress, torture, vex, annoy BhP.; accord. to
Dhtup. also {nikAre} (others {nirAkAre} or {khede}) and {upaskAre}: Desid.
{yiyatiSate} Gr.: Intens. {yAyatyate} and {yAyatti} ib.
yata * = see under %{yam}, p. 845.\\mfn. restrained, held in, held forth, kept down or
limited, subdued, governed, controlled &c. RV. &c. &c. (cf. comp. below); n. restraint (?)
see %{yataM-kara4}; the spurring or guiding of an elephant by means of the rider's feet
L.
yaata * = mfn. gone, proceeded, marched (n. also impers.) RV. &c. &c.; gone away, fled,

escaped MBh. Ka1v. &c.; passed by, elapsed Hariv. Var.; entered upon, pursued (as a
path) R.; gone to, come or fallen into (acc. loc, or comp.) Mn. MBh. &c.; situated (as a
heavenly body) VarBr2S.; become, turned out (%{kva@tad@yAtam}, what has become
of this?) Hariv.; known, understood Pat.; n. motion, progress, gait, course, drive RV. &c.
&c.; the place where a person has gone Pa1n2. 2-3, 68 Sch.; the past time (opp. to %{anAgatam}, the future) VarBr2S.; the guiding or driving of an elephant with a goad L.
yat.h = to strive
yata = controlled
yataH = because; VB: from whom, by which, wherein, wherever, whereupon, as it is so
yatachitta = controlling the mind
yatachittasya = whose mind is controlled
yatachittaatmaa = always careful in mind
yatachetasaaM = who have full control over the mind
yatamaanaH = endeavoring
yatantaH = fully endeavoring
yatana* = n. making effort or exertion W.
yatanti = endeavor

yatataH = while endeavoring

yatataa = while endeavoring
yatataaM = of those so endeavoring
yatati = endeavors
yatate = (1 app) to attempt, to try
yatayaH = enlightened persons
yatasyataH = wherever
yataatma = self-controlled
yataatmanaaH = engaged in self-realization
yataatmavaan.h = self-situated
yathaa * = `" in such a manner as follows "', namely, viz. Buddh. (cf. Pli {seyyathA};
{sa4 ya4thA-} S'Br.) Jain. (in Prkriit {taM jahA}; cf. {sejjahA}) Pat. S'ak.; [cf. $; Goth.
{sa}, {so}, {that-a}; Lat. {(is-te}, {(is)-ta}, {(is-)tud}, {tam}, {tum}, {tunc}.]
yathaa * = * = ind. (in Veda also unaccented; fr. 3. {ya}, correlative of {ta4thA}) in which
manner or way, according as, as, like (also with {cid}, {ha}, {ha vai}, {iva}, {ivA7Gga},
{iva ha}, {eva}, and followed by correl. {tathA}, {tathA tathA}, {tadvat}, {cvam}, Ved.
also {eva4}) RV. &c. &c. ({yathai9tat} or {yathai9vai9tat}, `" as for that "' [841, 3];

{yathA-tathA} or {yathA} - {tena satyena}, `" as surely as "' - `" so truly "'); as, for
instance, namely (also {tad yathA}, `" as here follows "') Up. GriS'rS. Nir.; as it is or was
(elliptically) BhP.; that, so that, in order that (with Pot. or Subj., later also with fut. pres.,
imperf. and aor.; in earlier language {yathA} is often placed after the first word of a
sentence; sometimes with ellipsis of {syAt} and {bhavet}) RV. &c. &c.; that (esp. after
verbs of `" knowing "', `" believing "', `" hearing "', `" doubting "' &c.; either with or
without {iti} at the end of the sentence) Up. MBh. Kv. &c.; as soon as Megh.; as,
because, since ({yathA-tathA}, `" as'-`" therefore "') MBh. Kv. &c.; as if (with Pot.)
Das'. S'ak.; how (= {quam}, expressing `" admiration "') Pn. 8-1, 37 Sch.; according to
what is right, properly, correctly (= {yathAvat}) BhP. ({ya4thA yathA-ta4thA tathA} or
{evaI74va}, `" in whatever manner "', -`" in that manner "', `" according as "' or `" in
proportion as "', -`" so "', `" by how much the more'-`" by so much "', `" the more'-`" the
more; {yathA tathA}, `" in whatever manner "', `" in every way "', `" anyhow "'; with
{na}, `" in no way "', `" really not "'; {yathA kathaMcit}, `" in any way "', `" somehow or
other "'; {yathai9va}, `" just as "'; {tad yathA7pinAma}, `" just as if "').
yatha* = for {yathA} before {R} and {r} = {R}.
yathocita * = mfn. accordant with propriety or equity, fit, suitable, becoming R. Hit. &c.;
ibc. (Katha1s.) or %{am} ind. (R. BhP. &c.) suitably, fitly.
yati = Mendicant * = 1 m. (for 2. and 3. see col. 2 and p. 845) a disposer RV. vii, 13, 1
(Sy. `" a giver "'); `" a striver "', an ascetic, devotee, one who has restrained his passions
and abandoned the world Up. Mn. MBh. &c. (cf. IW. 131); N. of a mythical race of
ascetics (connected with the Bhriigus and said to have taken part in the creation of the
world) RV. &c. &c.; N. of a son of Brahm BhP.; of a son of Nahusha MBh. Hariv. Pur.;
of a son of Vis'vmitra MBh.; N. of S'iva MBh.; = {nikAra} or {kAra} L.\\ 2 (fr. 3. {ya}

correlative of {ta4ti}; declined only in pl. nom. acc. {ya4ti}), as many as (= Lat. {quot}),
as often, how many or often RV. (for 1. and 3. {yati} see col. 1 and p. 845).\\3 f. (for 1.
and 2. see p. 841, cols. 1 and 2) restraint, control, guidance TS. Br.; stopping, ceasing, a
pause (in music) Sangt.; a caesura (in prosody) Ping.; (also {I}) f. a widow L.
yatiinaaM = of the saintly persons
yatna = effort *= m. activity of will, volition, aspiring after Kan2. Bha1sha1p.;
performance, work Bhar.; (also pl.) effort, exertion, energy, zeal, trouble, pains, care,
endeavour after (loc. or comp.) Mn. MBh. &c. (%{yatnaM} with %{kR}, %{A-sthA}, %
{samA-sthA}, %{A-dhA} and loc. or inf., `" to make an effort or attempt "', take trouble
or pains for "'; %{yatnena} or %{-tnais}, `" with effort "', `" carefully "', `" eagerly "', `"
strenuously "' [also %{yatna} ibc.]; %{yatnenA7pi}, `" in spite of every effort "'; %
{yatnair@vinA}, `" without effeffort "'; %{yatnAt}, with or notwithstanding effeffort;
%{mahato@yatnAt} "', with great effeffort "', `" very carefully "'); a special or express
remark or statement A1pS3r. Sch.
yatnaM = effort
yatra = wherein
yathaa = just as (or how) * = `" in such a manner as follows "', namely, viz. Buddh. (cf.
Pli {seyyathA}; {sa4 ya4thA-} S'Br.) Jain. (in Prkriit {taM jahA}; cf. {sejjahA}) Pat.
S'ak.; [cf. $; Goth. {sa}, {so}, {that-a}; Lat. {(is-te}, {(is)-ta}, {(is-)tud}, {tam}, {tum},
{tunc}.]\\ ind. (in Veda also unaccented; fr. 3. {ya}, correlative of {ta4thA}) in which
manner or way, according as, as, like (also with {cid}, {ha}, {ha vai}, {iva}, {ivA7Gga},
{iva ha}, {eva}, and followed by correl. {tathA}, {tathA tathA}, {tadvat}, {cvam}, Ved.

also {eva4}) RV. &c. &c. ({yathai9tat} or {yathai9vai9tat}, `" as for that "' [841,3];
{yathA-tathA} or {yathA} - {tena satyena}, `" as surely as "' - `" so truly "'); as, for
instance, namely (also {tad yathA}, `" as here follows "') Up. GriS'rS. Nir.; as it is or was
(elliptically) BhP.; that, so that, in order that (with Pot. or Subj., later also with fut. pres.,
imperf. and aor.; in earlier language {yathA} is often placed after the first word of a
sentence; sometimes with ellipsis of {syAt} and {bhavet}) RV. &c. &c.; that (esp. after
verbs of `" knowing "', `" believing "', `" hearing "', `" doubting "' &c.; either with or
without {iti} at the end of the sentence) Up. MBh. Kv. &c.; as soon as Megh.; as,
because, since ({yathA-tathA}, `" as'-`" therefore "') MBh. Kv. &c.; as if (with Pot.)
Das'. S'ak.; how (= {quam}, expressing `" admiration "') Pn. 8-1, 37 Sch.; according to
what is right, properly, correctly (= {yathAvat}) BhP. ({ya4thA yathA-ta4thA tathA} or
{evaI74va}, `" in whatever manner "', -`" in that manner "', `" according as "' or `" in
proportion as "', -`" so "', `" by how much the more'-`" by so much "', `" the more'-`" the
more; {yathA tathA}, `" in whatever manner "', `" in every way "', `" anyhow "'; with
{na}, `" in no way "', `" really not "'; {yathA kathaMcit}, `" in any way "', `" somehow or
other "'; {yathai9va}, `" just as "'; {tad yathA7pinAma}, `" just as if "').
yathaabhaagaM = as differently arranged
yathaavat.h = as they areyauvana = youth
yatra tatra* = used for the loc. {yasmiMs tasmin}, in whatever Mn. iii, 50; vi, 66; xii, 102;
in whatever place, anywhere MBh. xiii, 3686; to any place whatever, v, 5997; at any rate,
indiscriminately, xiii, 514; {yatra tatrA7pi}, to whatever place, v, 1084 Kaths. xxxvi,
101; [cf. Goth. {thathro1}.]
yauvanaM = youth

yava* = 1 m. the first half of a month (generally in pl.; accord. to Comn. = {pUrvapakSAH}; also written {yAva}) VS. S'Br. Kthh. \\2 mfn. (1. {yu}) warding off, averting
AV. Yj. \\=3 m. barley (in the earliest times, prob. any grain or corn yielding flour or
meal; pl. barley-corns) RV. &c. &c.; a barley-corn (either as a measure of length = 1/6 or
1/8 of an Angula VarBriS.; or as a weight= 6 or 12 mustard seeds= 1/2 Guj Mn. Yj.);
any grain of seed or seed corn Bhpr.; (in palmistry) a figure or mark on the hand
resembling a barley-corn (supposed to indicate good fortune) VarBriS.; N. of a partic.
astron. Yoga (when the favourable planets are situated in the 4th and 10th mansions and
the unfavourable ones in the 1st and 7th) ib.; speed, velocity W. (prob. w.r. for {java}); a
double convex lens ib. [Cf. Zd. {yava}; Gk. $; Lith. &256791[847, 2] {javai4}.]
yavana = Foreign
yavana* =1 mfn. (1. {yu}) keeping away, averting (see {dveSo-ya4vana}). //2 n. (2. {yu})
mixing, mingling (esp. with water) Nyyam. \\3 mfn. quick, swift; m. a swift horse L.
(prob. w.r. for {javana}). \\ = mfn. quick, swift L. (prob. w.r. for {javAna}). \\4 w.r. for
{paijavana} Mn. vii, 41. \\ =5 m. an Ionian, Greek (or a king of the Greeks g.
{kambojA7di}; in later times also a Muhammadan or European, any foreigner or
barbarian) Mn. MBh. &c.; N. of a caste Gaut. (accord. to L. `" the legitimate son of a
Kshatriya and a Vais'y or `" an Ugra who is an elephant catcher "') of a country (=
{yavana-deza}, sometimes applied to Ionia, Greece, Bactria, and more recently to
Arabia) W.; wheat L.; a carrot L.; olibanum L.; pl. the Ionians, Greeks (esp. the Greek
astrologers) MBh. VarBriS. &c.; N. of a dynasty Pur.; ({I}) f. the wife of a Yavana, a
Greek or Muhammadan woman Klid. Sis'. (Yavana girls were formerly employed as
attendants on kings, esp. to take charge of their bows and quivers); = {javanI}, a curtain
L.; n. salt from saline soil L.

yaavana* =1 mf({I})n. (fr. {yavana}; for 2. and 3. see p. 853, col. 1) born or produced in
the land of the Yavanas, Pra7yas'c.; m. olibanum L. \\2 n. (fr. Caus.; for 1. see p. 852,
col. 3; for 3. below) keeping off, removing Nir. Sy. \\3 n. (fr. Caus.) uniting, joining,
mixing (see {a-y-}).
yavanikaa = (f) curtain
yayaa *V= by which
yayau = went (past perfect tense of yaa gachha meaning to go)yaa = to go
yayu* = mfn. (%{yayu4} in a corrupted passage AV. iv, 24, 2) going, moving, swift
(applied to a horse) VS.; m. a horse (esp. `" one fit for sacrifice "') L.; N. of one of the
horses of the Moon VP.; the way of final beatitude L.; f. obtaining L.; mfn. having a long
stick L.
ye = those who
yethechchayaa = (adverb) at will
yena = by whom * = ind. (instr. of 3. %{ya}) by whom or by which, by means of which,
by which way RV. &c. &c. ; in which direction, whither, where MBh. Ka1v. &c. ; in which
manner Pa1rGr2. Mn. ; on which account, in consequence of which, wherefore MBh. R.
Katha1s. ; because, since, as RV. &c. &c. ; that, so that, in order that (with pres. or fut or
Pot.)
yenakenachit.h = with anything

yeshhaaM = whose
yo = who
yo.adhiite = who studies
yo.ayaM = this system
yoddhavyaM = have to fight
yoddhukaamaan.h = desiring to fight
yodhamukhyaiH = chiefs among the warriors
yodhasaMrAva * = m. challenging to battle, mutual defiance of combatants L.
yodhaviiraan.h = great warriors
yodhaaH = the soldiers
yoga* = m. (1. {yuj}; ifc. f. {A}) the act of yoking, joining, attaching, harnessing, putting
to (of horses) RV. MBh.; a yoke, team, vehicle, conveyance S'Br. Kaus'. MBh.;
employment, use, application, performance RV. &c. &c.; equipping or arraying (of an
army) MBh.; fixing (of an arrow on the bow-string) ib.; putting on (of armour) L.; a
remedy, cure Sus'r.; a means, expedient, device, way, manner, method MBh. Kv. &c.; a
supernatural means, charm, incantation, magical art ib.; a trick, stratagem, fraud,
deceit Mn. Kaths. (cf. {yoga-nanda}); undertaking, business, work RV. AV. TS.;
acquisition, gain, profit, wealth, property ib. Kaus'. MBh.; occasion, opportunity Km.

MrkP.; any junction, union, combination, contact with (instr. with or without {saha}, or
comp.). MBh. Kv. &c. ({yogam} {i}, to agree, consent, acquiesce in anything R.); mixing
of various materials, mixture MBh. R. VarBriS.; partaking of, possessing (instr. or
comp.) Mn. R. Hariv.; connection, relation ({yogAt}, {yogena} and {yoga-tas} ifc. in
consequence of, on account of, by reason of, according to, through) KtyS'r. S'vetUp.
Mn. &c.; putting together, arrangement, disposition, regular succession Kthh. [856,3]
S'rS.; fitting together, fitness, propriety, suitability ({yogena} and {yoga-tas} ind.
suitably, fitly, duly, in the right manner) MBh. Kv. &c.; exertion, endeavour, zeal,
diligence, industry, care, attention ({yoga-tas} ind. strenuously, assiduously; {pUrNena
yogena}, with all one's powers, with overflowing zeal) Mn. MBh. &c.; application or
concentration of the thoughts, abstract contemplation, meditation, (esp.) selfconcentration, abstract meditation and mental abstraction practised as a system (as
taught by Patajali and called the Yoga philosophy; it is the second of the two Snkhya
systems, its chief aim being to teach the means by which the human spirit may attain
complete union with I7s'vara or the Supreme Spirit; in the practice of self-concentration
it is closely connected with Buddhism) Up. MBh. Kv. &c. (IW. 92); any simple act or rite
conducive to Yoga or abstract meditation Sarvad.; Yoga personified (as the son of
Dharma and Kriy) BhP.; a follower of the Yoga system MBh. S'ank.; (in Snkhya) the
union of soul with matter (one of the 10 Mlika7rths or radical facts) Tattvas.; (with
Ps'upatas) the union of the individual soul with the universal soul Kula7rn.; (with
Pcartras) devotion, pious seeking after God Sarvad.; (with Jainas) contact or mixing
with the outer world ib.; (in astron.) conjunction, lucky conjuncture Lthy. VarBriS.
MBh. &c.; a constellation, asterism (these, with the moon, are called {cAndra-yogAH}
and are 13 in number; without the moon they are called {kha-yogAH}, or {nAbhasayogAH}) VarBriS.; the leading or principal star of a lunar asterism W.; N. of a variable
division of time (during which the joint motion in longitude of the sun and moon
amounts to 13 degrees 20 minutes; there are 27 such Yogas beginning with Vishkambha

and ending with Vaidhriiti) ib.; (in arithm.) addition, sum, total Sryas. MBh.; (in
gram.) the connection of words together, syntactical dependence of a word, construction
Nir. Sus'r. (ifc. = dependent on, ruled by Pn. 2-2, 8 Vrtt. 1); a combined or
concentrated grammatical rule or aphorism Pn. Sch. Siddh. (cf. {yoga-vibhAga}); the
connection of a word with its root, original or etymological meaning (as opp. to {rUDhi}
q.v.) Nir. Pratp. KtyS'r. Sch.; a violator of confidence, spy L.; N. of a Sch. on the
Parama7rthasra; ({A}) f. N. of a S'akti Pacar.; of Pvar (daughter of the Pitriis called
Barhishads) Hariv.
yogaaruuDhaH = elevated in yoga
yogaasana = the anchor posture
yogaat.h = from the mystic link
yogaaya = for the sake of devotional service
yogaaya * Nom. . {-yate}, to become Yoga, to be changed into religious contemplation
or devotion Cat.
yoga = effort
yogabalena = by the power of mystic yoga
yogabhrashhTaH = one who has fallen from the path of self-realization
yogadaNDaasana = the yogis staff posture

yogadhaaraNaaM = the yogic situation

yo4ga* =m. (1. {yuj}; ifc. f. {A}) the act of yoking, joining, attaching, harnessing, putting
to (of horses) RV. MBh.; a yoke, team, vehicle, conveyance S'Br. Kaus'. MBh.;
employment, use, application, performance RV. &c. &c.; equipping or arraying (of an
army) MBh.; fixing (of an arrow on the bow-string) ib.; putting on (of armour) L.; a
remedy, cure Sus'r.; a means, expedient, device, way, manner, method MBh. Kv. &c.; a
supernatural means, charm, incantation, magical art ib.; a trick, stratagem, fraud,
deceit Mn. Kaths. (cf. {yoga-nanda}); undertaking, business, work RV. AV. TS.;
acquisition, gain, profit, wealth, property ib. Kaus'. MBh.; occasion, opportunity Km.
MrkP.; any junction, union, combination, contact with (instr. with or without {saha}, or
comp.). MBh. Kv. &c. ({yogam} {i}, to agree, consent, acquiesce in anything R.); mixing
of various materials, mixture MBh. R. VarBriS.; partaking of, possessing (instr. or
comp.) Mn. R. Hariv.; connection, relation ({yogAt}, {yogena} and {yoga-tas} ifc. in
consequence of, on account of, by reason of, according to, through) KtyS'r. S'vetUp.
Mn. &c.; putting together, arrangement, disposition, regular succession Kthh. [856, 3]
S'rS.; fitting together, fitness, propriety, suitability ({yogena} and {yoga-tas} ind.
suitably, fitly, duly, in the right manner) MBh. Kv. &c.; exertion, endeavour, zeal,
diligence, industry, care, attention ({yoga-tas} ind. strenuously, assiduously; {pUrNena
yogena}, with all one's powers, with overflowing zeal) Mn. MBh. &c.; application or
concentration of the thoughts, abstract contemplation, meditation, (esp.) selfconcentration, abstract meditation and mental abstraction practised as a system (as
taught by Patajali and called the Yoga philosophy; it is the second of the two Snkhya
systems, its chief aim being to teach the means by which the human spirit may attain
complete union with I7s'vara or the Supreme Spirit; in the practice of self-concentration
it is closely connected with Buddhism) Up. MBh. Kv. &c. (IW. 92); any simple act or rite
conducive to Yoga or abstract meditation Sarvad.; Yoga personified (as the son of

Dharma and Kriy) BhP.; a follower of the Yoga system MBh. S'ank.; (in Snkhya) the
union of soul with matter (one of the 10 Mlika7rths or radical facts) Tattvas.; (with
Ps'upatas) the union of the individual soul with the universal soul Kula7rn.; (with
Pcartras) devotion, pious seeking after God Sarvad.; (with Jainas) contact or mixing
with the outer world ib.; (in astron.) conjunction, lucky conjuncture Lthy. VarBriS.
MBh. &c.; a constellation, asterism (these, with the moon, are called {cAndra-yogAH}
and are 13 in number; without the moon they are called {kha-yogAH}, or {nAbhasayogAH}) VarBriS.; the leading or principal star of a lunar asterism W.; N. of a variable
division of time (during which the joint motion in longitude of the sun and moon
amounts to 13 degrees 20 minutes; there are 27 such Yogas beginning with Vishkambha
and ending with Vaidhriiti) ib.; (in arithm.) addition, sum, total Sryas. MBh.; (in
gram.) the connection of words together, syntactical dependence of a word, construction
Nir. Sus'r. (ifc. = dependent on, ruled by Pn. 2-2, 8 Vrtt. 1); a combined or
concentrated grammatical rule or aphorism Pn. Sch. Siddh. (cf. {yoga-vibhAga}); the
connection of a word with its root, original or etymological meaning (as opp. to {rUDhi}
q.v.) Nir. Pratp. KtyS'r. Sch.; a violator of confidence, spy L.; N. of a Sch. on the
Parama7rthasra; ({A}) f. N. of a S'akti Pacar.; of Pvar (daughter of the Pitriis called
Barhishads) Hariv.
yogaH = KRishhNa consciousness
yogaiH = by devotional service
yogakaaraka = Planet in both its Rashi and navaa.nsha sign giving it Swakshetra-like
strength. Also a combination that produces a Yoga
yogakshemaM = family welfare

yogamaayaa = by internal potency

yogamaishvaraM = inconceivable mystic power
yogaM = self-realization
yoganidraa = the sleep of yoga, where the body is resting but the mind is awake
yoganiyojita = controlled by yoga
yogarataH = indulging in yoga
yogasa.nsiddhiM = the highest perfection in mysticism
yogasa.nGYitaM = called trance in yoga
yogasevayaa = by performance of yoga
yogasthaH = equipoised
yogasya = about yoga
yogavittamaaH = the most perfect in knowledge of yoga
yogayaGYaaH = sacrifice in eightfold mysticism
yogayuktaH = engaged in devotional service

yogayuktaatmaa = one who is dovetailed in KRishhNa consciousness

yogau = work in devotional service
yoge = in work without fruitive result
yogena = in devotional service
yogeshvara = O Lord of all mystic power
yogeshvaraH = the master of mysticism
yogeshvaraat.h = from the master of all mysticism
yogin.h = one who practices yoga (Male)
yogin* = mfn. joined or connected with, relating to, accompanied by, possessed of
(comp.) Ka1tyS3r. MBh. Hariv.; being in conjunction with (e.g. %{candra-y-}) Ma1rkP.;
possessed of superhuman powers W.; m. a follower of the Yoga system, a Yogin (usually
called Yogi1) or contemplative saint, devotee, ascetic MaitrUp. Bhag. &c. (cf. RTL. 87); a
magician, conjurer W. [858,1]; a partic. mixed caste Cat. (v.l. %{yuGgin}); an orange
tree L.; natron, alkali L.; N. of Ya1jn5avalkya Cat.; of Arjuna L.; of Vishn2u MBh.; of
S3iva L.; of a Buddha L.; (%{inI}) f. see next.
yogendra* = m. a master or adept in the Yoga W.
yogin* = mfn. joined or connected with, relating to, accompanied by, possessed of
(comp.) KtyS'r. MBh. Hariv.; being in conjunction with (e.g. {candra-y-}) MrkP.;

possessed of superhuman powers W.; m. a follower of the Yoga system, a Yogin (usually
called yogi) or contemplative saint, devotee, ascetic MaitrUp. Bhag. &c. (cf. RTL. 87); a
magician, conjurer W. [858, 1]; a partic. mixed caste Cat. (v.l. {yuGgin}); an orange tree
L.; natron, alkali L.; N. of Yjavalkya Cat.; of Arjuna L.; of Vishnu MBh.; of S'iva L.; of
a Buddha L.; ({inI}) f. see next.
yoginii* = f. a female demon or any being endowed with magical power, a fairy, witch,
sorceress (represented as eight in number and as created by Durg and attendant on her
or on S'iva; sometimes 60, 64 or 65 are enumerated) Hariv. Kaths. &c. (cf. RTL. 188,
189); N. of Durg L.; (with Tntrikas) a partic. S'akti; (with Buddhists) a woman
representing any goddess who is the object of adoration.
yoginiidas'aa* = f. state or condition of a Yogin; {-krama} m. {-cintAmaNi} m. {-jJAna}
n. {--dhyAya} ({-zA7dh-}) m. {-prakaraNa} n. {-vicAra} m. N. of wks.
yoginaM = yogi
yoginaH = mystics
yoginaaM = of the devotees
yoginii = one who practices yoga (Female)
yoginiidazs'aa* - f. state or condition of a Yogin; {-krama} m. {-cintAmaNi} m. {-jJAna}
n. {--dhyAya} ({-zA7dh-}) m. {-prakaraNa} n. {-vicAra} m. N. of wks.
yogi* = 1 (m. c.) = {yogin} (only in gen. pl. {yogInAm}). \\* = 2 in comp. for {yogin}.

yogidaNDa* = m. a kind of reed or cane (= {vetra}) L.

yoginidraa* = f. `" a yogi's sleep "', light sleep, wakefulness W
yogitA* = f. the being connected with (ifc.), connection, relation Bhshp.; the state or
condition of a yogi (cf. {yogin}) MW.
yogita* = mfn. bewitched, enchanted, mad, crazy, wild L
yogii = one who practices yoga (Male)
yogiiya* = Nom. . {-yate}, to regard or treat as Yoga Cat.
yogiis'vara* = m. = prec. Kv. Yj.; a master in sorcery Kaths.; ({I}) f. N. of a goddess
Ca
yogya = like
yogyataa = appropriateness
yojakastatra = yojakaH + tatra:the joiner and there
yojana * = n. joining, yoking, harnessing Pa1rGr2. Hariv. ; that which is yoked or
harnessed, a team, vehicle (also applied to the hymns and prayers addressed to the gods)
RV. ; course, path ib. ; (sometimes m. ; ifc. f. %{A}) a stage or Yojana (i.e. a distance
traversed in one harnessing or without unyoking ; esp. a partic. measure of distance,
sometimes regarded as equal to 4 or 5 English miles, but more correctly = 4 Kros3as or
about 9 miles ; according to other calculations = 2 1/2 English miles, and according to

some = 8 Kros3as) RV. &c. &c. ; instigation, stimulation Sa1h. ; mental concentration,
abstraction, directing the thoughts to one point (= %{yoga}) Up. ; the Supreme Spirit of
the Universe (= %{paramA7tman}) L. ; a finger L. ; n. and (%{A}) f. use, application,
arrangement, preparation RV. Ka1tyS3r. MBh. Sa1h. ; erecting, constructing, building
Ra1jat. Katha1s. ; junction, union, combination Sa1h. Veda7ntas. ; (%{A}) f. application
of the sense of a passage, grammatical construction S3am2k.
yojita * = mfn. yoked, harnessed BhP.; used, employed, applied, performed MBh.;
undertaken, begun Ya1jn5.; appointed to, charged with (loc.) BhP.; tied or fastened to,
put or placed in (loc.) ib.; joined, connected, put together, arranged, composed MBh. R.;
supplied or furnished with (instr. or comp.) VarBr2S. Ra1jat.
yojinii = (f) stapler
yoktavyaH = must be practiced
yonayaH = sources of
yoni = species of life
yoniM = species
yoniH = source of birth
yonishhu = into the wombs
yonii = vagina, womb, or the source

yoniini = whose source of birth

yotsyamaanaan.h = those who will be fighting
yoshaNaa* = (once {yoSa4NA}) f. (prob. fr. 2. {yu}; cf. {yuvan}) a girl, maiden, young
woman, wife RV. (accord. to Sy. also = {stuti}, a hymn, praise).
yoshan* = f. id. ib. (also applied to the fingers).
yoshaa* = f. = {yoSaNA} RV. &c. &c. (esp. applied to Ushas; accord. to Sy. also `" a
mare "'); (with {dAru-mayI}) a wooden doll MBh.
yoshit* = f. = {yoSaNA} (also applied to the females of animals and to inanimate things
e.g. {yoSito mantrAH}, `" female magical texts "') RV. &c. &c.
yoshitaa* = f. a woman, wife MundUp. Sch.
yos * = ind. (only in {za4M yo4H} and {za4M ca yo4z ca}) welfare, health, happiness R
yuddha = Planetary War
yuddhaM = war
yuddhavishaaradaaH = experienced in military science
yuddhaat.h = than fighting
yuddhaaya = for the sake of fighting

yuddhe = in the fight

yudhaamanyuH = Yudhamanyu
yudhi = in the fight
yudhishhThiraH = Yudhisthira
yudhiSThira * = m. (for %{-sthira}) `" firm or steady in battle "'N. of the eldest of the 5
reputed sons of Pa1n2d2u (really the child of Pr2itha1 or Kunti1, Pa1n2d2u's wife, by the
god Dharma or Yama, whence he is often called Dharma-putra or Dharma-ra1ja; he
ultimately succeeded Pa1n2d2u as king, first reigning over Indra-prastha, and
afterwards, when the Kuru princes were defeated, at Hastina1-pura; cf. IW. 379 &c.)
MBh. Hariv. Pur.; of a son of Kr2ishn2a Hariv.; of two kings of Kas3mi1ra Ra1jat.; of a
potter Pan5cat.; (with %{maho7pA7dhyAya}) of a preceptor Cat.; pl. the descendants of
Yudhi-sht2hira (son of Pa1n2d2u) Pa1n2. 2-4, 66 Sch.; %{-vijaya} (or %{-dig-v-}) m. N.
of a poem by Va1sudeva Parama-s3iva-yogin of Kerala. [855,2]
yudhya = fight
yudhyate = (4 ap) to fight
yudhyasva = fight
yuga = World Ages
yugapat.h = simultaneously

yugale = dual
yugala* = n. (rarely m.; ifc. f. {A}) a pair, couple, brace Kv. Pur. Pacat. &c. ({-lo-bhU},
to be yoked or united with); `" double prayer "'N. of a prayer to Lakshm and Nryana
L.
yugalaja* = m. du. twins HParis'.
yugalaka* = n. a pair, couple, brace Kaths.; a double S'loka (= {yuga} q.v.) Rjat.
yugalAya* = Nom. . {-yate}, to be like or represent a pair (of anything) Kv.
yugaMdhara * = mf({A})n. holding or bearing the yoke (?) MBh.; m. n. the pole of a
carriage or wood to which the yoke is fixed MBh.; m. a partic. magical formula spoken
over weapons R.; N. of a king Hariv. Pur.; of a mountain MBh. (with Buddhists one of the
8 mountains Dharmas. 125); of a forest Pacar.; pl. N. of a people MBh. VarBriS. VP.
yugapad * = ind. `" being in the same yoke or by the side of each other "', together, at the
same time, simultaneously (`" with "' instr. Pn. 2-1, 6 Sch.; cf. {yuga-za4ram}) GriS'rS.
&c. &c.; ({-pat}){-karman} n. a simultaneous action Lthy.; ({-pat}) {-kAla} mfn. taking
place at the same time pS'r.; ({-pat}) {-prA7pti} f. reaching simultaneously s'vGri.; ({pad}) {-bhAva} m. simultaneousness KtyS'r.
yuga4-bhanga * = m. the breaking of a yoke Kath
yuge = millennium
yugma *= mf(%{A})n. even (as opp. to `" odd "') Gr2S3rS. Mn. &c. ; n. a pair, couple,

brace S3a1n3khGr2. Ya1jn5. R. &c. ; twins Sus3r. ; (in astron.) the sign of the zodiac
Gemini ; a double S3loka (cf. %{yuga}) Ra1jat. ; junction, confluence (of two streams) R.
; often w.r. for %{yugya}.
yuj.h = to yoke, join, concentrate on
yujya *= mfn. connected , related , allied RV. AV. ; homogeneous , similar , equal in
rank or power RV. ; suitable , proper , capable RV. VS. ; n. union , alliance , relationship
RV. (with %{jamad-agneH}) N. of a Sa1man A1rshBr. (v.l. %{yugya}).
yujyate = is engaged
yujyasva = engage (fight)
yukta = used* = mfn. yoked or joined or fastened or attached or harnessed to (loc. or
instr.) RV. &c. &c.; set to work, made use of, employed, occupied with, engaged in, intent
upon (instr. loc. or comp.) ib.; ready to, prepared for (dat.) MBh.; absorbed in abstract
meditation, concentrated, attentive RV. &c. &c.; skilful, clever, experienced in, familiar
with (loc.) MBh. R.; joined, united, connected, combined, following in regular succession
RV. S'nkhS'r. Var. BhP. ({a4m} ind. in troops S'Br.); furnished or endowed or filled or
supplied or provided with, accompanied by, possessed of (instr. or comp.) Mn. MBh. &c.
[853, 3]; come in contact with (instr.) R.; (in astron.) being in conjunction with (instr.)
s'vGri.; (ifc.) added to, increased by (e.g. {catur-yuktA viMzatiH}, twenty increased by
four i.e. 24) VarBriS.; (ifc.) connected with, concerning KtyS'r.; (ifc.) subject to,
dependent on MBh.; fitted, adapted, conforming or adapting one's self to, making use of
(instr. e.g. {yuktaH kAlena yaH}, one who makes use of the right opportunity) Km.; fit,
suitable, appropriate, proper, right, established, proved, just, due, becoming to or

suitable for (gen. loc. or comp., e.g. {Ayati-yukta}, suitable for the future; or ibc. see
below; {yuktam} with {yad} or an inf. = it is fit or suitable that or to; {na yuktam
bhavatA}, it is not seemly for you) Mn. MBh. &c.; auspicious, favourable (as fate, time
&c.) Mn. R.; prosperous, thriving R.; (with {tathA}) faring or acting thus MBh.; (in
gram.) primitive (as opp. to `" derivative "') Pn. 1-2, 51; m. N. of a son of Manu Raivata
Hariv.; of a Riishi under Manu Bhautya ib.; ({A}) f. N. of a plant L. (cf. {yukta-rasA}); n.
a team, yoke S'Br.; junction, connection Pn. 2-3, 4; 8 &c.; fitness, suitableness,
propriety ({am} ind. fitly, suitably, justly, properly, rightly; {e4na}, properly, suitably
RV. v, 27, 3; {buddhi-yuktena}, conformably to reason Rjat.)
yuktasena* = mfn. one whose army is ready (for marching) Sus'r.; {-nIya} mfn. relating
to him ib.
yuktaH = dovetailed
yuktachetasaH = their minds engaged in Me
yuktatamaH = the greatest yogi
yuktatamaaH = most perfect in yoga
yuktasya = engaged
yuktaa = with
yuktaaH = engaged
yuktaatma = having the mind firmly set on

yuktaatmaa = self-connected
yuktakrit* = (BhP.) mfn. acting properly or suitably.
yuktatva* = n. application, employment KtyS'r.; fitness, propriety ({a-y-}) Veda7ntas.
yuktavat* = ({yukta4-}) mfn. containing a form of 1. {yuj} S'Br.
yuktaayas* = n. `" bound with iron "', a sort of spade or shovel W
yuktasvapnAvabodha* = mfn. moderate in sleeping and waking Bhag
yuktaiH = engaged
yukte = being yoked
yuktena = being engaged in meditation
yukti = utility; proportion * = f. union, junction, connection, combination AitBr.
Ta1n2d2Br.; preparation, going to, making ready for (loc. or comp.) R.; application,
practice, usage Katha1s. Sus3r.; trick, contrivance, means, expedient, artifice, cunning
device, magic Ka1v. Katha1s. Pan5car. (%{yuktiM-kR}, to find out or employ an
expedient; %{yukti} ibc.; %{-tyA}, %{-tibhis}, and %{-ti-tas} ind. by device or stratagem,
artfully, skilfully, under pretext or pretence; %{yuktyA} &c. ifc. = by means of);
reasoning, argument, proof, influence, induction, deduction from circumstances Kap.
Ka1v. Var. &c. (%{-tas}, by means of an argument); reason, ground, motive BhP.
Ma1rkP.; suitableness, adaptedness, fitness, propriety, correctness MBh. Ka1v. &c. (%
{yuktyA} and %{-ti-tas}, properly, suitably, fitly, justly, duly); meditation on the supreme

being, contemplation, union with the universal spirit S3am2k. (cf. IW. 111, 3); (in law)
enumeration of circumstances, specification of place and time &c. Ya1jn5. ii, 92; 212; (in
rhet.) emblematic or mystical expression of purpose W.; (in dram.) connection of the
events in a plot, concatenation of incidents, intelligent weighing of the circumstances
Das3ar. Sa1h. Prata1p.; (in astron.) conjunction Jyot.; (in gram.) connection of words, a
sentence Nir.; connection of letters Vishn2. [854,1]; supplying an ellipsis W.; mixture or
alloying of metals VarBr2S.; sum, total Su1ryas.
yuktvaa = being absorbed
yujataH = constantly engaged
yujan.h = practicing
yujiita = must concentrate in KRishhNa consciousness
yujyaat.h = should execute
yujaka* = mfn. applying, performing, practising (e.g. {dhyAna-y-}, practising devotion)
Cat.
yujaana* = mfn. uniting, joining, arranging, performing Kaths. BhP.; appointing to,
charging or entrusting with (loc.) MBh.; suitable, proper MW.; successful, prosperous
ib.; m. a driver, coachman L.; a Yogin L.
yujaanaka* = mfn. containing the word {yuJjAna} g. {goSad-Adi}.
yujanda* = m. or n. (?) N. of a place Cat.

yujavat* = w.r. for {muJja-vat}. yuta= equipped with * = 1 mfn. (for 2. see below) kept
off, removed (see comp.); separate (= {pRthak}) L.* = 2 mfn. (for 1. see above) attached,
fastened (ifc.) Bhartri.; added Sryas.; united, combined, joined or connected or
provided or filled or covered with, accompanied by, possessed of (instr. or comp.) Mn.
MBh. &c.; (ifc.) standing in conjunction with VarBriS.; made or consisting of R.; (with
instr.) occupied in, performing (sacrifices) L.; (ifc.) connected with, concerning R. BhP.;
n. a partic. measure of length (= 4 Hastas) L. \\ {yutaka}, {yuti} see under 1. 2. {yu}
yutaka = (n) shirt
yuyaM = (pron) you (pl)
yuyutsavaH = desiring to fight
yuyutsuM = all in a fighting spirit
yuyudhaanaH = Yuyudhana
yuvan.h = young
yuvaa = the two youths
yuutha = (neut) collection, troop

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