Tribhuvan University

Institute of Science and Technology

Four Year B.Sc. Program 4th Year Chemistry Course of Study
(2072)
Draft of the Extended Syllabus of B. Sc. 4th Year in Chemistry
Course Title: General Chemistry II
Course No.: CHEM 401 (major)
Nature of the Course: Theory

Full Marks : 100

Pass Marks : 35
Year : IV

Group A: Inorganic Chemistry

CHAPTER 1 : Reaction in Nonaqueous Solvents ...................................................10 hrs
Introduction, Classification of Solvents : 1. Protic solvents, (a) protogenic (b)
Protophilic (c) amphiprotic 2. Non-protic or approtic solvents, ionising and Nonionising solvents, Criteria of selection of non-aquous solvent (i).Liquid range,
(ii).Dielectric constant (iv).Donor acceptor properties (v).Nature and extent of ionisation
..3 hrs
Liquid NH3 as a non-aqueous solvent, Auto-ionization of liq. NH3, Reaction of liquid
NH3 as solvent 1. Acid-base Neutralization reaction 2. Precipitation (Metathetical)
reaction 3. Solvolysis (Ammonolysis) reaction 4. Complex formation reaction 5. Liquid
NH3 is an extremely good solvent for alkali metals 6. Formation of ammoniates
(ammoniation) reaction 7. Extensive dissociation of weak acid like acetic acid 8, Redox
reaction, Advantages and Disadvantages using liq. NH3 as a solvent4 hrs
Liquid SO2 as a non-aqueous solvent, Auto-ionization of SO2, Reaction of liquid NH3 as
solvent 1. Acid-base Neutralization reaction 2. Precipitation (Metathetical) reaction 3.
Solvolysis reaction 4. Reaction with organic compound 5. Complex formation reaction
6. Redox reaction 7. Formation of solvates. 3 hrs
Text Books :
1. J.D. Lee, Concise Inorganic Chemistry, 5th Edition, John Wiley and Sons. Inc.,
2007.
2. F.A. Cotton, G. Wilkinson and L. Gaus, Basic Inorganic Chemistry, 3rd Edition,
John Wiley and Sons (Asia) Pvt., Ltd., 2007
3. M.R. Pokhrel and B.R. Poudel, A Textbook of Inorganic Chemistry, Second Edition,
National Book Centre, Kathmandu, 2011.
4. W.U. Malik, G.D. Tuli, R.D. Madan, Selected Topics in Inorganic Chemistry, S.
Chand and Company, New Delhi, Recent edition.

CHAPTER 2 : Inorganic Polymers ................................................................... 10 hrs

Introduction,Classification
of
inorganic
polymer
based
on
composition(i)Homopolymer(ii)Heteropolymer,Copolymer
and
types
of
copolymer(i)Alternating copolymer(ii)Random copolymer(iii)Block copolymer(iv)Graft
copolymer. Types of Polymers based on the type of reaction by which polymers are
formed:(i)Addition(ii)Condensation & (iii) Co-ordinate Polymers .3 hrs
organosilicon compounds (J.D. Lee P., 446),1 hrs
Silicones: Synthesis of linear, cyclic and cross linked silicones, Application of
silicones2 hrs
Phosphonitrilic compounds : Preparation, Properties and uses.2 hrs
Polythiazyls ( SN )x :Preparation ,polythiazyls as one dimensional conductor..1 hr
Introduction to Geopolymer.1 hr
Silicon nitride:Preparation,properties and uses of trisilicon tetranitride(Si3N4),
and Silicon monotride(SiN)x,..1 hr
Text Books :
1. J.D. Lee, Concise Inorganic Chemistry, 5th Edition, John Wiley and Sons. Inc.,
2007.
2. M.R. Pokhrel and B.R. Poudel, A Textbook of Inorganic Chemistry, Second Edition,
National Book Centre, Kathmandu, 2011.
3. S. Pimplapure, R. Jain, A. Sahai, U. Soni, Inorganic Polymer Chemistry, Pragati
Prakashan Merrut, 2012.
4 M.L. Sharma and P. N. Chaudhary,A Text of inorganic chemistry,Ekta Books
CHAPTER 3 : Organometallic Compounds ..................................................... 10 hrs
Introduction, Organometallic Compounds of non-transition metals, General survey of
types : Classification based on nature of the metal(M-C bond) 1. Ionic compounds of
electropostive metals 2. -bonded covalent compound 3. Non-classically bonded
organometallic compound,Characteristics features of these types of compound1 hr
Synthetic methods :1.Direct reaction of metals 2. Use of alkylating agents 3. Interaction
of metals or non-metal hydrides with alkenes or alkynes 4. Oxidative addition reaction
5. Insertion reaction 6. Metal-Metal exchange reaction (Trans metallation) 7. Metal
hydrogen exchange reaction (Metallation)..2 hrs
Organometallic Compounds of main group elements : Metal alkyls of group I, II and III
elements(Lithium alkyls and aryls,RMgX,R2Mg,RHgX,R2Hg,Al alkyls)1 hr
Organometallic compounds of transition metals : 1. -bonded organometallic
compounds 2. -bonded organometallic compounds. Alkene complexes (with special
reference to Zeise salt), Alkyne complexes, Allyl complexes 2 hrs
Haptonomenclature1 hr

Metallocenes (Preparation, properties and elementry appraoch of bonding with

reference to ferrocene):Preparation of ferrocene(a)Using a grignard reagent (b)Using a
strong base as a proton acceptor,Structure and bonding(valance bond approach),
properties: Acetylation,Friedal craft alkylation,Sulphonation,Reaction with mercuric
acetate,Reaction with alkyl lithium2hrs
Homogeneous catalysis, Heterogeneous catalysis.
selection of criteria of catalyst : (1) Presence of vacant coordination site (2) Should
contain less than 18 electrons in the valance shell .(3) For coordinatively unsaturated
species in solution,coordinating solvent molecules occupying vacant sites could be
displaced by reacting molecules.So,the catylyst should not bound tightly to the solvent
molecule.(4) The catalyst should have ability to have preferential coordination with
desired ligand.(5) Catalyst containing steric ligand should be selected because
dissociation of complex is favoured by the repulsion which arises from the steric
ligands.(6) In many cases there is formal loss of electron and expansion of coordination
number(oxidative addition) and the reverse of it is elimination and contraction of
coordination number(Reductive elimination).1 hr
Text Books :
1. F.A. Cotton, G. Wilkinson and L. Gaus, Basic Inorganic Chemistry, 3rd Edition,
John Wiley and Sons (Asia) Pvt., Ltd., 2007
2. M.R. Pokhrel and B.R. Poudel, A Textbook of Inorganic Chemistry, Second Edition,
National Book Centre, Kathmandu, 2011.
3. R.B. Jordarn, Reaction Mechanism of inorganic and Organometallic Systems, 3rd
edition Oxford University Press, 2007.
4. R.C. Mehrotra and A. Singh, Organometallic chemistry (A unified approach), Wiley
Estern limited (2000).
5. G.E. Coates,M.L.H.Green,P.Powel and K. Wade ,principle of organomatallic
Chemistry,Chapman Hall
6. C. Master,Homogeneous Transition Metal Catalysis,Chapman and Hall(1981).
CHAPTER 4 : Bioinorganic Chemistry ........................................................

10hrs

Introduction, Roles of metals in biological system, Essential and trace elements in

biological system, Criteria for essential element,Role of transition metal in biological
system..3 hrs
Iron and copper as oxygen carriers in biological system : 1. Hemoglobin : Structural
features, Mechanism of oxygen transport 2. Myoglobin, Non-porphyrin Oxygen
carriers : 1, Hemerythrin 2. Hemocyanin4 hrs

(Electron transfer protein Ferredoxin, Rubredoxin, Cytochromes), Metals and its

complexes as a therapeutic agents, Four principal areas of the use of transition metal
complexes in medicine, The chemistry of elements in medicine, Chelation therapy and
anticancer drugs(Atkins inorganic chemistry,page 772-775)..3 hrs
Text Books :
1. J.D. Lee, Concise Inorganic Chemistry, 5th Edition, John Wiley and Sons. Inc.,
2007.
2. F.A. Cotton, G. Wilkinson and L. Gaus, Basic Inorganic Chemistry, 3rd Edition,
John Wiley and Sons (Asia) Pvt., Ltd., 2007
3. M.R. Pokhrel and B.R. Poudel, A Textbook of Inorganic Chemistry, Second Edition,
National Book Centre, Kathmandu, 2011.
4. A.K. Bhagi and G.R. Chatwal, Bioinorganic and Supramolecular Chemistry,
Himalaya Publishing House, Mumbai.
5. D.F. Shriver and P.W. Atkins, Inorganic Chemistry, 5th Edition,Oxford University
press.
CHAPTER 5 : Lanthanides and Actinides ........................................................ 10 hrs
Introduction, Lanthanides : Comparative study of lanthanide elements with respect to
electronic configuration, atomic radii, oxidation state and complex formation, colour
and spectra, magnetic properties, lanthanide contraction and its consequences,
occurrence and principles of separation of lanthanides (Ion exchange method and
Valency change method).7 hrs
Actinides : General features and chemistry of actinides, principles of separation of Np,
Pu, Am from U(Basic Cotton page 633),Trans Uranium elements.3 hrs
Text Books :
1. J.D. Lee, Concise Inorganic Chemistry, 5th Edition, John Wiley and Sons. Inc.,
2007.
2. F.A. Cotton, G. Wilkinson and L. Gaus, Basic Inorganic Chemistry, 3rd Edition,
John Wiley and Sons (Asia) Pvt., Ltd., 2007
3. M.R. Pokhrel and B.R. Poudel, A Textbook of Inorganic Chemistry, Second Edition,
National Book Centre, Kathmandu, 2011.