Reference Tables (Material Type)

Metal
Group

AWS D1.1-Table 3.1 (Steel)

AWS D1.1-Table 3.1 (Steel)

AWS D1.1-Table 3.1 (Steel)

AWS D1.1-Table 3.1 (Steel)

AWS D1.3-Table 1.2 (Sheet Steel)

ns

AWS D1.3-Table 1.2 (Sheet Steel)

ns

AASHTO/AWS D1.5 (Bridge Steel)

ns

AASHTO/AWS D1.5 (Bridge Steel)

ns

AASHTO/AWS D1.5 (Bridge Steel)

ns

AWS D1.6-Table 3.2 (Austenitic Stainless Steel)

B, E

AWS D1.6-Table 3.2 (Austenitic Stainless Steel)

B, E

AWS D1.6-Table 3.2 (Austenitic Stainless Steel)

B, E

AWS D1.6-Table 3.2 (Austenitic Stainless Steel)

AWS D1.2 (Aluminum)

ns

AWS D1.2 (Aluminum)

M21

AWS D9.1 (Sheet Metal Welding Code)

AWS D9.1 (Sheet Metal Welding Code)

AWS D17.1-Table 4.2 (Aerospace Applications)

IA

AWS D17.1-Table 4.2 (Aerospace Applications)

IB

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Click here after your selection (Members have full access to AWS D17.1 materials)

Material Grade/ Spec./ Alloy Designation

* T.S. (Mpa)

T.S. (ksi)

Group I of Table 3.1-AWS D1.1

310 min

45 min

ASTM A 381 Grade Y35

415 min

60 min

ASTM A1011 SS Grade 36 Type 1

365 min

53 min

ABS Grades D

400490

5871

ASTM A1011 SS Grade 30

340 min

49 min

ASTM A 611 Grade E

565

82

Alloy Type 201, and/or Grade TP201

520 (660)*

75 (95)*

Alloy Type 201

520 (660)*

75 (95)*

Alloy Grade TP201

520 (660)*

75 (95)*

Alloy Grade 201

660 min

95 min

Alloy 1050

60

8.7

Alloy 1060

55/59

8/8.5

M270M (M270) (A 709M [A 709]) Gr. 250 (36)

M270M (A 709M) Gr. 250
M270 (A 709) Gr. 36

Aluminum and aluminum alloys

Titanium and titanium alloys
Carbon and Alloy Steels
Heat Treatable Alloy Steels

e full access to AWS D1.1 materials)

e full access to AWS D1.3 materials)
e full access to AWS D1.5 materials)
e full access to AWS D1.6 materials)
e full access to AWS D1.2 materials)
e full access to AWS D9.1 materials)
e full access to AWS D17.1 materials)

* Y.S. (MPa)

Y.S. (ksi)

205 min

30 min

240

35

250

36

205

30

550

80

References (Helpful Information)

Replaced with old A 570 same grade

Metric (Imperial)
Metric
Imperial
200 (245) *

30 (35)*

*lower one for group B

200 (245) *

30 (35)*

*lower one for group B

200 (245) *

30 (35)*

*lower one for group B

260 min

38 min
Not in Group of AWS D1.2

A change from this base metal group to another, requires separate qualification.
A change from this base metal group to another, requires separate qualification.
See Table 4.2 on recommended alloy for qualification of this group
See Table 4.2 on recommended alloy for qualification of this group

AWS
D1.1, joined,
Table 3.2
Prequalified
Minimum Preheat
parts being
elevated
temperature
and
Interpass
Temperature
(C): thicknesses.
mechanical
properties,
and F
material
AWS
D1.1,3Table
Minimum
Preheat
Thickness
to 20 3.2
mmPrequalified
(1/8 to 3/4 in.)
incl.: Demo
F
and
Interpass
Temperature
F
(C):
(Demo
C)
AWS
D1.1,
Table
3.2
Prequalified
Minimum
Preheat
AWS
D1.1,3Table
3.2
Prequalified
Minimum
Preheat
Thickness
to
20
mm
(1/8
3/4 in.)
in.)
incl.: Demo
Demo
F
Over
20 thru
38
mm
(3/4
to to
1-1/2
incl.:
F
and
Temperature
and Interpass
Interpass
Temperature F
F (C):
(C):
(Demo
C)
(Demo
C)
Preheat
and
Interpass
temperature
isincl.:
provided
forFeach
Thickness
3 to
mm
(1/8
to
3/4 in.)
in.)
Demo
Over
20
38
mm
(3/4
to to
1-1/2
incl.:
Demo
FF
Over
38 thru
thru
6520
mm
(1-1/2
2-1/2
in.)
incl.:
Demo
material
and
thickness
and
(Demo
C)
(Demo
C)
(Demo
C)
process
type 38
on this material
group.
Over
(3/4
to to
1-1/2
in.)
incl.:
FF
Over
38
thru
65 mm
mmin):
(1-1/2
2-1/2
in.)
incl.:
Demo
Over 20
65 thru
mm (2-1/2
Demo
F (Demo
C)Demo
Preheat/
Interpass
(Demo
C)
(Demo
C)base metal temperature is below 32F (0C),
When
the
Preheat
requirements
shall
benot
based
onincl.:
Welding
AWS
D1.3,
5.1
Welding
shall
bein.)
performed
when:
Over
38
thru
65
mmin):
(1-1/2
to
2-1/2
Demo
F
Over
65
mm
(2-1/2
Demo
F (Demo
C) C)
preheated
to
a minimum
of
Demo
F
(Demo
Procedure
Specification
(WPS).
-Ambient
air
temperature
is
below
0F
(-18C),
or
(Demo
C)
When
the
base
metal
temperature
is
below
32F
(0C),
AWS
D1.5,
Table
4.4 Minimum
Preheat
and
Interpass
Preheat
and
interpass
temperature
be sufficient
to
AWS
D1.3,
5.1
Welding
shall
not
beshall
performed
-When
the
base
metal
beDemo
welded
is
exposed
to
Over
65
mm
(2-1/2
in): to
Demo
F (Demo
C) C)when:
preheated
to
a minimum
of
F
(Demo
Temperature
F
(C):
prevent
cold
cracking.
-Ambient
air
temperature
is
below
0F
(-18C),
or
moisture
When
the
base
metal
temperature
below
32F
(0C),
AWS
D1.5,
Table
4.4
Minimum
Preheat
and
Interpass
Preheat
and
interpass
temperature
shall
beincl.:
sufficient
to
Thickness
from
3metal
to 20
mm
(1/8
to is
3/4
in.)
Demo
-When
the
base
to
beDemo
welded
is(Demo
exposed
to
preheated
to
a
minimum
of
F
C)
Temperature
F
(C):
prevent
cold
cracking.
F
(Demo
C)
moisture
Recommending
minimum
preheat
temperature:
Demoto
AWS D1.5,
Table
4.4
Minimum
and
Interpass
Preheat
interpass
temperature
shall
beincl.:
sufficient
Thickness
from
to 20
mm
(1/8Preheat
toin.)
3/4
in.)
Demo
Over
20 and
thru
40 3mm
(3/4
to 1-1/2
incl.:
Demo
F
F
(Demo
C)
Temperature
F (C):
prevent
cold
cracking.
F
(Demo
C)
(Demo
C)
Recommending
minimum
preheat
temperature:
Demo
When
the
base
metal
temperature
is
below
32F
(0C),
Thickness
from
to 20
mm
(1/8
toin.)
3/4
in.)
incl.:
Demo
Over
20
thru
40
(3/4
to to
1-1/2
incl.:
Demo
F
Over
40
thru
60 3mm
mm
(1-1/2
2-1/2
in.)
incl.:
Demo
F
F
(Demo
C)
AWS
D1.6,
3.29-Part
H
(Prequalified
WPS
preheated
to
a
minimum
of
Demo
F
(Demo
C)
F
(Demo
C)
(Demo
C)
(Demo
C)base metal temperature is below 32F (0C),
When
the
Requirements):
Over
20
thru
40
(3/4
to to
1-1/2
in.)
incl.:
Demo
FF
Over
40
thru3.29-Part
60 mm
mmin):
(1-1/2
2-1/2
in.)
incl.:
Demo
Over
60
mm
Fsufficient
(Demo
C)
AWS
D1.6,
HDemo
(Prequalified
WPS
preheated
to (2-1/2
a preheat
minimum
of Demo
F (Demo
C)
-The
minimum
shall
be
to
remove
(Demo
C)
(Demo
C)
Preheat
and
temperature shall be sufficient to
Requirements):
moisture
frominterpass
the
work,
Over
40
thru
60
mm
(1-1/2
to 2-1/2
in.)
incl.:
Demo F
Over
60
mm
(2-1/2
in):
F (Demo
C)
AWS
D1.6,
3.29-Part
HDemo
(Prequalified
WPS
prevent
cold
cracking.
-The
minimum
preheat
shall
to remove
unless
other
means
are
used
to sufficient
keep
moisture
away to
Generally,
preheating
istemperature
only be
used
toshall
facilitate
welding
(Demo
C)
Preheat
and
interpass
be
sufficient
Requirements):
moisture
from(2-1/2
the
work,
from
the
weld
puddle
area.
thin
sections
to
thick
sections,
and
to
dry
Over
60
mm
in):
Demo
F
(Demo
C)
AWS
D1.6,
3.29-Part
Hshall
(Prequalified
WPS
prevent
cold
cracking.
-The
minimum
preheat
sufficient
to remove
unless
other
means
are
used
todamp
keep
moisture
away
Generally,
preheating
istemperature
only be
used
toshall
facilitate
welding
the
metal
when
welding
under
condition.
In this to
Preheat
and
interpass
be sufficient
Requirements):
moisture
from
the
work,
from
the
weld
puddle
area.
thin
sections
to
thick
sections,
and
to
dry
-The
maximum
interpass
temperature
shall
be
DemoF
case
a temperature
indicating
device
prevent
cold
cracking.
-The
minimum
preheat
shall
be
sufficient
to
remove
unless
other
are under
used todamp
keep moisture away
the
metal
when
welding
In this
(DemoC)
formeans
(paints
orweld
crayons)
should
be used tocondition.
have close
moisture
from
the
work,
from
the
puddle
area.
-The
maximum
interpass
temperature
shall be DemoF
case a temperature
indicating
device
prequalified
austenitic
stainless
steel.
control
on
temperature.
unless
other
are used to keep moisture away
(DemoC)
formeans
(paints
orweld
crayons)
should
benot
used
to have
close
Temperature
for
drying
need
exceed
Demo
C
from
the
puddle
area.
-The
maximum
interpass
temperature
prequalified
austenitic
stainless
steel. shall be DemoF
control
on temperature.
(DemoF),
i.e.,
hand
warm.
(DemoC)
forfor drying need not exceed Demo C
Temperature
To
preheat,
use
a clean-burning
gas inshall
a torch
-The
maximum
interpass
temperature
be adjusted
DemoF
prequalified
austenitic
stainless
steel.
(DemoF),
i.e.,
hand
warm.
to
producefor
a soft,
reducing
flame.
(DemoC)
To
preheat, use
a clean-burning
gas in a torch adjusted
prequalified
austenitic
stainless steel.
to
produce
a soft, reducing
Preheat
requirements
shall flame.
be based on Welding
Preheat
requirements
shall
be based on Welding
Procedure
Specification
(WPS).
Procedure
Specification
(WPS).
Preheat
requirements
shall
be
based on
Welding
Preheat
requirements
shall
be
Preheat
requirements
shall
be based
based on
on Welding
Welding
Procedure
Specification
(WPS).
Procedure
Specification
(WPS).
Procedure
Specification
(WPS). for Preheat/Interpass
There
is
no
data
or
requirement
Preheat requirements shall be based on Welding
temperature
on AWS D9.1
code.
Procedure
(WPS).
AWS
Table
(Preheat
and
Interpass
ThereD17.1,
is noSpecification
data
or 5.3
requirement
for Preheat/Interpass
Temperatures):
temperature on AWS D9.1 code.
For
Preheat/Interpass
onand
each
of the
Max.guideline
Demo Fon(Demo
C) for carbon
alloy
steel
material
groups:
with carbon
equivalent 0.35% or greater
See applicable document recommended on Clause 2
of AWS D17.1

Procedure
(WPS).
AWS D1.1,Specification
5.8 Stress-Relief
Heat Treatment: Where
PWHT requirements shall be based on Welding
required by the contract
Procedure
Specification
(WPS).
AWS
D1.1,
Stress-Relief
Heat Treatment:
Where
drawings
or 5.8
specifications,
welded
PWHT requirements
shall be
basedassemblies
on Weldingshall be
required
by
the
contract
stress
relieved
by
heat
treating.
Procedure
Specification
(WPS).
AWS
D1.1,
5.8
Stress-Relief
Heat Treatment:
Where
drawings
orD1.1,
specifications,
welded
assemblies
shall be
(See AWS
5.8.1, Requirements
for stress-relief
required
by
the
contract
stress
relieved
by
heat
treating.
treatment;
AWS
D1.1,
5.8
Stress-Relief
Heat Treatment:
Where
drawings
or
specifications,
welded
assemblies
shall be
(See
AWS
D1.1,
5.8.1,
Requirements
for5.3,
stress-relief
Table
5.2,by
Minimum
Holding
Time; Table
Alternate
required
the
contract
stress
relieved
by
heat
treating.
treatment;
Stress-Relief
Heat Treatment)
drawings
specifications,
welded
assemblies
shall be
(See
D1.1,
5.8.1,
Requirements
for5.3,
stress-relief
TableAWS
5.2,or
Minimum
Holding
Time; Table
Alternate
PWHT
stress
relieved
by
heat
treating.
treatment;
PWHT
requirements
shall
be Not
based
on Welding for
Stress-Relief
Heat Treatment)
See
AWS
D1.1,
Steels
Recommended
(See
D1.1,5.8.3,
5.8.1,
Requirements
for5.3,
stress-relief
TableAWS
5.2, Minimum
Holding
Time; Table
Alternate
Procedure
Specification
(WPS).
PWHT
treatment;
PWHT
requirements
shall
be
based
on
Welding
Stress-Relief
Heat
Treatment)
See AWS D1.1, 5.8.3, Steels Not Recommended for
Table
5.2, Minimum
Holding
Time; by
Table
Alternate
Procedure
Specification
(WPS).
AWS
D1.5,
4.4.1, Where
required
the 5.3,
contract
PWHT
PWHT
requirements
shall
be Not
based
on Welding for
Stress-Relief
Heat
Treatment)
See AWS
D1.1,
5.8.3,
Steels
Recommended
drawings
or
specifications,
welded
assemblies
PWHT
requirements
shall
be based
Procedure
Specification
(WPS).
AWS
D1.5,
4.4.1, Where
required
byon
theWelding
contract
PWHT
shall
be
stress-relieved
by
heat treating
(See
AWS
Procedure
Specification
(WPS).
See
AWS
D1.1,
5.8.3,
Steels
Not
Recommended
for
drawings
or
specifications,
welded
assemblies
D1.5,
Table
4.5,
Minimum
Holding
Time;
PWHT
requirements
shallrequired
be based
on
Welding
AWS
D1.5,
4.4.1,
Where
by
the
contract
PWHT
shall
be
stress-relieved
by
heat
treating
(See
AWS
Table
4.6,
Alternate
Stress-Relief
Heat
Procedure
(WPS).
PWHT
shall
be
based
onTreatment).
Welding
There
isrequirements
no
data
or requirement
for
PWHT
on AWS
drawings
orSpecification
specifications,
welded
assemblies
D1.5, Table
4.5,
Minimum
Holding
Time;
Procedure
Specification
(WPS).
D1.3
code.
shall
be
stress-relieved
by
heat
treating
(See
AWS
Table
4.6,
Stress-Relief
Heat
AWS D1.5,
12.15.2,
Postweld
Heat
Treatment
(PWHT)
PWHT
shall be based
onTreatment).
Welding
There
isrequirements
noAlternate
data
or requirement
for
PWHT
on AWS
D1.5,
Table
4.5,
Minimum
Holding
Time;
for
Fracture
Critical
nonredundant
Procedure
Specification
(WPS).
D1.3
code.
AWS
D1.6,
5.16,
5.16.3
PWHT
and
Recommendations:
PWHT
requirements
shall
on
Welding
Table
4.6,
Alternate
Stress-Relief
Heat
AWS D1.5,
12.15.2,
Postweld
Heat
Treatment
(PWHT)
PWHT
requirements
shall be
be based
based
onTreatment).
Welding
members
to
prevent
cracking
minimize
lamellar
PWHT
is neither
required
nor or
prohibited
for
joints
Procedure
Specification
(WPS).
for
Fracture
Critical
nonredundant
Procedure
Specification
(WPS).
tearing,
when
required
by
the
Engineer.
AWS
D1.6,
5.16,
5.16.3
PWHT
and
Recommendations:
PWHT
requirements
shall
based
on
between
austenitic
stainless
AWS
D1.5,
12.15.2,
Postweld
Heat
Treatment
(PWHT)
PWHT
requirements
shall be
besteels.
based
on Welding
Welding
members
toSpecification
prevent
cracking
or
minimize
lamellar
PWHT
is neither
required
nor
prohibited
for
jointsbe
Procedure
(WPS).
AWS
D1.2,
4.24
Postweld
Heat
Treatment
shall
for
Fracture
Critical
nonredundant
Procedure
Specification
(WPS).
tearing,
when
required
by
the
Engineer.
AWS
D1.6,
5.16,
5.16.3
PWHT
and
Recommendations:
between
stainless
steels.
PWHT ofaustenitic
the
200 series
is necessary
onlylamellar
to dissolve
performed
conformance
with
members
toinprevent
cracking
or
minimize
PWHT
is neither
required
nor
prohibited
forshall
jointsbe
AWS
D1.2,
4.24
Postweld
Heat
Treatment
precipitated
carbides
or
procedures
approved
by
the
Engineer.
tearing,
when
required
by
the
Engineer.
AWS
D1.6,
5.16,
5.16.3
PWHT
and
Recommendations:
between
austenitic
stainless
steels.
PWHT
of the
200
series is used
necessary
only to dissolve
performed
in conformance
with in conditions
stress
relieve
components
where
PWHT
is neither
required
nor prohibited
for joints
precipitated
carbides
or
procedures
approved
by the
Engineer.
stress
corrosion
cracking
is
of
concern.
AWS
D1.2,
C4.24
In
aluminum,
heating
after
welding
is
between
stainless
steels.
PWHTrelieve
ofaustenitic
the 200
series
is used
necessary
only to dissolve
stress
components
in conditions
where
usually
done
not
to
relieve
stresses,
precipitated
carbides
or is of concern.
stress
corrosion
cracking
AWS
D1.2,
In aluminum,
heating
after
welding is
but
rather
toC4.24
heat
treat
the
to only
regain
PWHT
of the
200
series
is material
necessary
to strength
dissolve
stress
relieve
components
used
in conditions
where
usually
done
not
to
relieve
stresses,
lost
by corrosion
welding.
precipitated
carbides
or is of concern.
stress
cracking
but
rather
to heat
treat
thecan
material
toonregain
strength
Non-heat-treatable
alloys
beinthermally
stress
PWHT
requirements
shall
be
based
Welding
stress
relieve
components
used
conditions
where
lost
by
welding.
relieved
effectively.
Procedure
Specification
stress corrosion
cracking(WPS).
is of concern.
Non-heat-treatable
alloys
can
be and
thermally
stress
PWHT
requirements
shallTheory
be based
on
Welding
(See Welding
Aluminum:
Practice,
PWHT
requirements
shall
be based on Welding
relieved
effectively.
Procedure
Specification
(WPS).
Aluminum
Association)
AWS
D17.1,
5.16 Postweld
Heat Treatment shall be
Procedure
Specification
(WPS).
(See
Welding
Aluminum:
and Practice,
performed
as specified
onTheory
thebased
PWHT
requirements
shall
be
on Welding
Aluminum
Association)
AWS
D17.1,
5.16 Postweld
Heat Treatment
shall be
engineering
drawing
or the
qualified
WPS. on
Procedure
Specification
(WPS).
There
is
no
data
or
requirement
for
PWHT
AWS
performed as specified on the
D9.1
code.
engineering
drawing
or theHeat
qualified
WPS. on
For
guideline
on Postweld
Treatment
There
is no data
or requirement
for PWHT
on each
AWS of
the
D9.1material
code. groups:
For
ondocument
Postweld recommended
Heat TreatmentononClause
each of
Seeguideline
applicable
2
the
material
groups:
of AWS
D17.1
See applicable document recommended on Clause 2
of AWS D17.1