SECTION -A

1.

This question consists of TWENTY-FIVE sub-questions (1.1 - 1.25) of ONE mark

each. For each of these sub-questions, four possible alternatives (A, B, C and D)
are given, out of which 0 NLY 0 NE is correct. Indicate the correct answer by
darkening the app rap ri ate bubble against the question number on the Ieft hand
side of the Objective Response Sheet (ORS). You may use the answer
ok
provided for any rough work, if needed.

1.1

In a series RLC circuit at resonance, the m agn i tude of the val

across the capacitor

t5

.c
o

(a) is always zero

(b) can never be greater than the input val tage

.I oped

(c) can be greater than the input val tag e, however, it is 9 0

the input voltage

r:t._ +

of phase with

Two incandescent light bulbs of 40 W

across the mains. Then

an~~g

are connected in series

VoJl. ..

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1.2

ce

(d) can be greater than the input voltage, and i ~ "!/:.::th the input voltage.

(a) the bu Ibs together consume 10 0

(b) the bulbs together consume 50 .' - . ,

w bulb glows bright

(d)

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1.3

(c) the 60

RL c1rcu1t with zero initial

(a)

(b)

A passive 2-port network is in a steady-state. Com pared to its input, the steady
state output can never offer
(a) higher val tage

(b) Iower impedance

(c) greater power

(d) better regulation

(a) maximum supply voltage

(b) zero supply val tage

(c)

(d)

.k

maximum supply voltage

supply voltage

vol~
tan

It is desirable to eliminate s'h harmonic voltage fi'om the phase

alternator. The coi Is should be short-pitched by an electrical angle of

(a) 300

(dO

(c) 72

(b) 36

.c
o

1.8

~maximum

1.7

A si ngl e-p hase transformer is to be switched to the supply to have minimum

inrush current. The switch shou I d be closed at

alternatorCr~d
+

Fig.P1.8 shows the magnetization curves of an

armature
current, unity power factor and also at no load. The magnetiz~ve for rated
armature current, 0.8 power factor leading is given b" r >

~=~

ra

Noload

ce

1. 6

(d) curveD

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(a) curve A
1.9

The core flux of apr.

(a) is strictly

~~
a~n!l)lt.l""=lroad changes

(b) increases I
(c) increases a

(d) de re

1.11

h I oad
quare root of the I oad

es ~h 1n creased I oad

nee and su b-tr ans1 ent d-ax 1s reactance of a synchronous mach me

1vely. Wh1ch of the followmg statements 1s true?

xd > Xd> xd
(c) xd > xd > xd

xd
(d) xd
(b)

Xd>Xd
> xd > xd
>

A 50 Hz balanced three-phase, Y-connected supply is connected to a balanced

three phase Y-connected load. If the instantaneous phase-tx of the supply voltage
is Vcos(oot) and the phase-tx of the load current is Icos(oot-+), the instantaneous
three-phase power is
(a) a constant with a m agn i tude of VI cos'

(b) a constant with a magnitude of (3/2)VIcos+

(c) time-varying with an average value of (3/2) Vlcos+ and a fi"equency of 100
Hz.
(d) tim e-v aryi ng with an aver age value of Vi cos+ and a fi"equen cy of 50 Hz.

1.13

a~
ins

In the protection of transformers, harm on ic restraint is used to guard

(a) m agn eti zing inrush current

(b) u nb al anced operation

(c) lightning

(d) switching over-val ~

loadit t\J

.c
o

1.12

A lossless radial transmission line with surge impedance

(a) takes negative VAR at sending end and zero VAR at recei

ge

t1

(b) takes positive VAR at sending end and zero v AR at recei vi n

~s~ong it

ce

(c) has flat voltage profile and unity power factor at

(d) has sending end voltage higher than receivr~age and unity power
factor at sending end
~

op7_-I U~
Je em

ra

The polar plot of a type-1, 3-pole,

closed loop system is

~-v

is shown in Fig.P1.14. the

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1.14

(a)
(b)

~~~ wi~

one pole on the right half s-plane

n!l~-m~ith two poles on the right half s-plane

. [-3 1]

X=

-2

the steady state value

101":
(a)

X5 5

=lim x
, .... *

(t), given

the initial state value of x(O) = [10 -

is

X55 =[~]

(c)

Xss =

-10]
[ 10

(d)

X55

=[:]

1.17

If an energy meter disc makes 10 revolutions in 100 seconds when a load of 450
w is connected to it, the meter constant (in rev/kWh) is
(a) 1000
(b) 500
(c) 1600
(d) 800
The minimum number of wattmeter ( s) required to measure 3 -phase, 3 -wire
balanced or unbalanced power is

(a) 1
1.18

(b) 2

(c) 3

(d) 4

1.16

In the single-stage tran si star am pi i tier d rcui t shown in Fig. P1.18, the c
is removed. Then, the ac small-signal midband voltage gain of the

+--t f-_....--+-1..

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ce

Input

.c
o

.-------.::----40 +12V

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1.19.

(d) counting type

1.20.

its inputs are at logic "0". The gate is

(b) a NOR or an EX-OR gate
(d) a NOR or an EX-NOR gate

f of the 4-to-1 MUX shown in Fig.P1.21 is

2

Va:;

MUX

'---- 1

.--

s,

So

~~

(a) xy+x

(b) x+ y

(c) x + y

(d) xy+x

1.22.

An op -amp has an open -1 oop gain of 10 s and an open-loop upper ou toff frequency
of 10 Hz. If this op-am p is connected as an am pi i fier with a d osed-1 oop gain of
10 0, then the new upper cutoff frequency is
(a) 10Hz

1.23.

(b) 100Hz

(c) 10kHz

(d) 100kHz

The main reason for connecting a pulse transformer at the output stage of a
thyristor triggering drcuit is to

(a) am pi i fyi n g the power of the triggering pulse

(b) provide electrical isolation
(c) reduce the turn on time of the thyristor

1.24.

AC -ta-D C ci rcul ati n g current dual converters are opera ted

relationship between their triggering angles (txt and txi)
(a) txt+ tx2 = 180

= 180

(d)

r0
rJ:.

followm g

separa~~ motor drive with closed-

In case of an armature controlled

1oop speed control, an inner current I o~

ra

1.25

!Xz

(b) txt+

ce

(c) txt-

ohe

.c
o

(d) avo1d spun ous tn g gen n g of the th yn star due to no1 se

ecause it

(a) limits the speed of the motor to a ~ v -

r !V~i ency

(b) heIps in i m proving the drive e

the perm issi bl e value

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(c)
(d)

2.

2.1

tl&'-.~~II:IC
i ~eld E(in volts/metre) at the point (1,1,0) due to a point charge of

ed at ( -1, 1,1) (coordinates in m etres)is

2. 2.

10 6
- (2i-k)
201rs0

10-6 (2'1
20./S1rs0
-

k)

(b)

-1o-6 (2'1
20./S1rs0

k)

(d) -1o-6(2i-k)
207r80

A connected network of N> 2 nodes has at most one branch di recti y connecting
any pair of nodes. The graph of the network
(:. \

1"1"'1

1 1ct

h :.Ho :.t I o:.ct f\1 hr :.nrh oc fnr nno nr

1"1"'1

nro rl ncori n

:.th c tn ov ict

(b) can have an un Iim i ted number of branches

(c) can on Iy have at most N branches
(d) can have a minimum number of branches not decided by N
Consider the star network shown in Fig. P2. 3. The resistance between term ina s A
and B with C open is 60., between terminals B and C with A open is 11
between terminals C and A with B open is 90.. Then

2. 3.

.c
o

Ro

ce

B.,__/

c---------.~~

(a) RA=40.,R8 =20.,Rc=50.

2.4.

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(a)
(c)

=10.,Rc = 100.

l:ie V(x) = (5ox 2 +50y 2 +50z 2 ) volts,

Given the potential function in li'ee

the mag ni tude (in volts/metre).
(1,-1, 1), where the dimension

,R8 =40.,Rc =70.

"U=50.,R

ra

(c) RA=30.,R8 =30.,Rc=40.

~-

rection of the electric field at a point

etres, are

(b)
(d)

~;(i-j+
100

./3 ; [(1- J -

k)
1:::

k)/v3]

2.5.

2.7.

output power' wi II have a torque speed

(d) rectangular h yperb ol a

A 3-phase transformer has rating of20 MVA, 220 kV (star)- 33 kV (delta) with
I eak age reactance of 12%. The transformer reactance (in ohms) referred to each
phase of the L. v. delta-connected side is
(a) 23.5

(b) 19.6

(c) 18.5

(d) 8.7

A 75 NVA, 10 kV synchronous generator has Xd = 0.4 p.u. The Xd value (in p.u.)
is a base of 100 MVA, 11 kV is

(a) 0.578

(c) 0.412

(d) 0.44

A star-connected 440 V, 50 Hz alternators has per phase synchronous reactance

of 100.. It supplies a balanced capaat1ve load current of 20 A, as sh ~
on
e
per phase equ1valent c1rcu1t of Flg.2.9. It 1s desirable to have zero
ta
reg ul at1 on. The Ioad power factor should be
JlOn

2.9.

(b) 0.279

0
CJ

20A

.c
o

2.8.

A 240 V single-phase ac sour8e is

10L6 00.. A capacitor is connect

2.10.

(b) 0.47

ra

(a) 0.82

ce

(l)

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(a) 3600 W
2.11.

model shown in Fig.P2.12 of a transmission line with a series

s mid-point. The maximum voltage on the line is at the location
jO.lpu

~(

V. = 1puLo'

-jO.lpu

jO.lpu

~ !QM\

p.

I=lput
~

pf=l

I
(a) Pt

(b) Pz

(c) p3

(d) P4

2.13.

A power system has two synchronous generators.

characteristics corresponding to the generators are

The

Governor-turbine

P 1 = 50( 50 - f), P 2 = 100(51 - f)

(a) 47.5 Hz

Where f denotes the system fi'equency in Hz, and P 1 and P2 are, respectively, the
power outputs (in MW) of turbines 1 and 2. assuming the genera tors and
tr ansm i ssi on network to be I ossl ess, the system fi'equen cy for a total I oad o
0
MW is

(c) 48.5 Hz

(b) 48.0 Hz

(d) 49.

.c
o

2.14.

(d) 2s+ 7

(s+3)

2e-2s
(a) s+3

ra

ce

2.15.

-40dB/dec

-40dB/dec

-60dB/dec

./
-+"o.""l_ _..J.-...!,--...L- - rad/s
5
2
25

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2.16.

For extending its range to

measure 500~A, the shunt requ1red 1s ofres1stance (1n 0.)

(a) 20.0

(b) 22.22

(c) 25.0

(d) 50.0

2.18.

Resistances R1 and R2 have, respectively, nominal values of 100. and 50., and
taler ances of 5% and 10% . The range of values for the parallel comb in ati on of
R1 and R2 is
(a) 3.077
(c) 3.237

n
n

to 3.636
to 3.678

n
n

(b) 2.805
(d) 3.192

n
n

to 3.371
to 3.435

.c
o

2.19.

(c)~ln2
2~

In 2

ce

(d)

An Intel 8085 processor 1s executmg the

MVIA, 10H

"'V

NOP

BACK:

p~,ven below.

ra

2.20.

n
n

ADD B

R~r:lf

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0~.l/!, ' '"' "

Tho oom b" of

(a) 1
A sam
the in

"OP will bo
(c) 3

'"=~d

;, ''"'' <o
(d) 4

d-~ d

(b) 0.25 mA

(c) 25.0 ~A

(d) 2.5

~A

(b) 6.28 MHZ

(c) 10.0 MHZ

(d)62.8MHz

e-

(S/H) circuit, having a holding capacitor of 0.1 nF, is used at

n ADC (analog-to-digital converter). The conversion time of the ADC
~il!lil~:.~an during this time, the capacitor shou Id not Iose more than 0. 5% of
ha go~ put across it during the sam piing tim e. The maximum value of the
i g nal to the S/H circuit is 5 v. The Ieak age current of the S/H circuit shou Id
le s than

2.21.

2.23.

An n-channel JFET, having a pinch-off voltage (Vp) of -5 V, shows a transcend uctan ce ( gm) of 1 m A/V when the applied gate-to-source val tag e (V Gs) is 3V. Its maximum transconductance (in m A/V) is
(a) 1.5

(b) 2.0

(c) 2.5

(d) 3.0

2.24.

.c
o

180
(c) 200

A sing Ie-p hase full-bridge val tage source

inverter feeds a purely inductive load, a
shown in Fig.P2.25, where T 1, T:a T3 , T ar
power tr ansi stars and D 1, D 2 , D3 , D a
feedback diodes. The inverter is operag
square-wave mode with a frequen c
50 -~'::Hz. If the average load currends
t
is the time duration of condu
o
c
feedback diode in a cyde?

ra

2.25.

ce

(d) 120

(b)rA.~
~(Tc

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(a) 5 msec
(c) 20 msec

SECTION- B
This sect1on cons1sts ~
questions of FIVE marks each. ANY FIFTEEN out of
them have to be ans
ed If more number of questions are attempted, score off the
answers nt
~
b eval
, else, only the first fifteen unscored answers will be
considered.

Det rm

3.

e resonance fi'equen cy and the Q-factor of the circuit shown in

c
+

An ideal transformer has a linear B/H characteristic with a finite slope and a turns
ratio of 1: 1. The primary of the transformer is energized with an ideal current
source, produdng the signal i as shown in Fig.P4. Sketch the shape (neglecting
the seale factor) of the foil owing signals, Iabel i ng the time axis clearly:

4.

.c
o

...,.,f--,---\-.:-f'--::---'<--.- t( s)

(a) the core flux 'c With the secondary of the transformer

ce

(b) the open-circuited secondary terminal voltage vi,

(c) the short-circuited secondary current i 2(t), and

op(J

(d) the core flux 'sc with the secondary of the tr

Consider the val tage waveform v, shown
in Fig .PS. Find.
.

(a) the de component of v,

ra

5.

component of v, and

t(ms)

(c) the rms value of the ~ v.

-lV

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a~~

In a de motor ru nn in
m, the hysteresis and eddy current Iasses are
so ow and 200W r

. If the flux remains constant, calculate the speed at

which the total~': .s are halved.

7.

A de serie m
230V, 1000 rpm, 80 A (refer to Fig.P7). the series field
s O Hl., and the armature resistance is 0.140.. If the flux at an
ren"'!: of 20A is 0.4 times of that under rated condition, calculate the
educed armature current of 2 OA.
r-----e+

6.

o~ted

Rt=O.lln

230V

A 50 kW synchronous motor is tested by driving it by another motor. when the

excitation is not switched on, the driving motor takes 800W. When the armature
is short-circuited and the rated armature current of 10 A is passed through it, the
driving motor requires 25 DO W. On open-d rcui tin g the armature with rated
excitation, the driving motor takes 1800W. Calculate the efficiency of the
synchronous motor at 50% load. Neglect the losses in the driving motor.

9.

Two identical synchronous generators, each of 100 MVA, are working

supplying 100 MVA at 0.8 lagging p. f. at rated voltage. Initially the m a
es e
sharing load equally. If the fie I d current of first genera tor is red u~
and
of the second genera tor increased by 5%, find the sharing of ad
and
MVAR) between the generators. Assume Xd = Xq = 0.8 p.u,Ce~
turation
and rated voltage across load. Reasonable approximations m
e.

8.

A 132 kV transm1ss1on lme AB 1s connected to a ~ C +The charactenst1c

1m pedan ces of the overhead line and the cable are ~~
80 0. respect1 vely.
Assume that these are purely res1st1ve. A 250 kQ
1 t~ surge travels from A
to B.

j nd

ce

10.

.c
o

-o-

(a) Cal cui ate the value of th 1s val tage sur

ra

(b) Cal cui ate the value of the refl ecte

reflection reaches A.

st reaches C.

t of this surge when the first

For the V-bus matrix given in

fourth row refers to bus 1

u
values, where the first, second, third and
4 resp ecti vel y, draw the reactance diagram.

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11.

(c) Cal cui ate the surge curren t'i n

12.

ci rc it

us ljen erator is connected to an infinite bus through a I ossl ess double

issi on Ii ne. The genera tor is delivering 1. 0 per unit power at a I oad
3 when a sudden fau It reduces the peak power that can be
1
to 0.5 per unit. After clearance of fault, the peak power that can be
i tted becomes 1. 5 per unit. Find the critical clearing angle.

A single Ii ne-to-groun d fau It occurs on an unloaded generator in phase a positive,

negative, and zero sequence impedances of the generator are j 0. 2 5 p. u.,
j 0. 25 p. u., and j 0 .15 p. u. respectively. The generator neutral is grounded through
a reactance of j 0. 0 5 p. u. The prefau It genera tor terminal voltage is 1. 0 p .u.
(a) Draw the positive, negative, and zero sequence networks for the fault given.
(b) Draw the interconnection of the sequence networks for the fault analysis.
(c) Determine the fault current.

14.

A power system has two generators with the foil owing cost curves:
2

Generator 1: C1(PG1) = 0.006P Gt + BPGt + 350 (Thousand Rupees/Hour)

Generator 2: C2(PG2) = 0.009P 2Gz + 7PGt + 400 (Thousand Rupees/Hour)
The generator Iim its are
100 MW s PGt s 650 MW

50 MW s PG2s 500 MW
A load demand of 600 MW is supplied by the generators 1n an opt1m

of each generator.

G(s) =

10000
s(s+10)

or

r.

.c
o

A unity feedback system has an open -1 oop transfer fi.J nct1 on

~
~.. +

ce

15.

(a) Determine the magnitude of G(joo) in dB

rad/sec.

au~r

frequency of oo=20

(b) Determine the phase margin in degreeY l f

ra

(c) Determine the gain margin in dB.

(d) Is the system stab Ie or u nstab Ie?

equati~

16.

Given the characteristic

s3 +2s2 +Ks+K=O.Qf.~~-

from zero to infinity. Find the angle and real

, break-away/break-in points, and imaginary axis

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Sketch the root Iocus as

axis intercept ofth; :
a E
mp t
CrOSSing pOintS, If

17.

coO

For the ring

ttt.
n in Fig.P17, find the steady state sequence if the initial
state of the ~ is 1110 (i.e., Q3.Q 2 ,Q 1,Qo= 1110). Determine the MOD
numbe r ~~ he counter.

~...

rl'

--~' ~

Q,

Qz

1\

Q,

/'

Qo

1\
Clo ck

For the op -amp circuit shown in Fig. P18, determine the output val tage v0 .
Assume that the op-am ps are ideal.

"-=~

4kn

.c
o

r,_

.. z

b1as~ =
+

The transistor 1n the am pllfier c1rcu1t shown 1n F1g .P19 1s

V7 = (= kT /q) = 26mV, Po= 200,rb = 0, and r 0 --+><>. ~..

1m A. Use

ce

19.

akn

18.

(a) Determ in e the ac small signal midband val t~~ of the circuit.
(b) Determ in e the required value of CE for t
cir t to have a I ower cutoff
fi'equ ency of 10 Hz.

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;f

20.

A simple

trans~

pas

ctiv0
is shown in Fig.P20. Assume ideal op-amp. Derive the
tio+ vo'v 1 of the circuit, and state the type of the filter (i.e., highs, band-pass, or band-reject). Determine the required values of R 1,
i order for the filter to have a 3-dB frequency of 1 kHz, a highinput resistance of 10 0 k 0., and a high fi'equ en cy gain m agn i tude of

~"'

R,
R1

Yo

-yVV'-----j 1;-----'---J

21.

A voltage com mutated th yri star chopper circuit is shown in Fig .P21. The chopper
is operated at 50 0 Hz with 50% duty ratio. The I oad takes a constant current of
20A.

(a) Evaluate the circuit turn off time for the main thyri star Th ;.
(b) Calculate the value of inductor L, if the peak current through the main

lh,

thynstor Th,1s llm1ted to 180% of the load current.

~
(c) Cal cui ate the max 1m um mstan tan eou s output val tage of the chop per.
I =20A

1~ D!' D!'" ,.~

.c
o

v.,

Load

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ce

lOOV

22.

c;O

It constant