Ist SEMESTER SCIENCE ASSIGNMENT

VI STD
I.Choose the correct alternative:
1. Which of the following things is attracted by magnet?
a) Stone b) Plastic c) Iron Nail d) Pencil
2. What is the shape of the bar magnet?
a) Rectangular strip b) Cylindrical c) Horseshoe d) Ring shape
3. In which direction will the south pole of a bar magnet, suspended freely to rotate become steady?
a) East b) West c) North d) South
4. Which English alphabet is written to show north pole of a magnet?
a) N b) S c) U d) W
5. What happens when like poles of two magnets are brought closer?
a) Attraction takes place b) Repulsion takes place c) Magnetism increases d) No effect is observed
6. In which part of a bar magnet is effective magnetism found?
a) In the middle part b) Near the poles c) Only near the north pole d) Only near the south pole
7. Which of the following characteristics Asopalav does not possess?
a) Respiration b) Locomotion
c) Reproduction d) Sensation
8. Which of the following characteristics does frog possess?
a) Respiration b) Sensation c) Locomotiond) All the given
9. Which of the following characteristics does the book possess?
a) Movement b) Sensation c) Respiration d) None of these
10. Which of the following is non-living?
a) Opuntia
b) Butterfly c) Steamer d) 5Green plant
11. Leaves of which plant droop when we touch them?
a) Rose
b) Mimosa c) Vinca (periwinkle) d) Sunflower
12. Flowers of which plant blossom only at night?
a) Pistia (Water lily) b) Sunflower
c) Rose
d) Mimosa
13. Which of the following is an acidic solution?
a) Solution of washing soda b) Solution of baking soda c) Solution of tamarind
d) Solution of sugar
14. Which of the following is a basic solution?
a) Solution of washing soda b) Solution of common salt c) Solution of lemon d) Solution of glucose
15. Which of the following is a neutral solution?
A) Solution of sugar b) Solution of lemon c) Solution of lime water d) Solution of baking soda
16. Which of the following is a salt, but it is not neutral solution?
a) Common salt b) Washing soda c) Sugar d) Chile saltpeter
17. Which colour does phenolphthalein give in basic solution?
a) Red b) Blue c) Pink d) Yellow
18. Which substance is used for softening of hard water?
a) Soap b) Common salt c) Washing soda d) Caustic soda
19. Which substance is useful as medicine of acidity?
a) Washing soda b) Baking soda c) Common salt d) Caustic soda
20. Which of the following is pulse?
A. Rice (paddy)
B. Kindney bean
C. Bajari
D. Maize
21. Which of the following is a monocot seed?
A. Groundnut B. Maize
C. Mung bean D. Pea
22. Which of the following is a dicot seed?
a. Jower
B. Wheat
C. Mung bean
D. Maize
23. Which of the following is not a dicot seed?
A. Kidney bean
B. Gram
C. Black gram D. Wheat
24. Dispersal of which seeds occurs by water?

A. Bombax (silk-cotton tree) B. Pomgamia (kanji)

C. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa)D. Calotropis
25. Dispersal of which seed occurs by animals?
A. Calltropis B. Xanthium (cockle-bur) C. Coconut D. Pomgamia (kanji)
26. Which herb has long life span?
A. Wheat
B. Brinjal
C. Vinca
D. Tulsi
27. Which of the following plants is a herb?
A. Jowar
B. Lemon Plant
C. Asopalav D. Pipal
28. Which of the following plants is a shrub?
A. Vinca
B. Neem
C. Chilli
D. Hibiscus
29. Which type of a plant is coconut?
A. Herb
B. Tree
C. Shrub
D. Climber
30. Which of the following plants possesses tap root?
A. Maize
B. Bamboo C. Sugar cane D. Mango tree
31. Which of the following plants has fibrous root?
A. Asopalav B. Hibiscus C. Jowar
D. Neem tree
32. Which of the following is a climber plant?
A. Brinjal
B. Tomato
C. Kidney bean
D. Groundnut
33. In which plant is creeper stem seen?
A. Bougainvillea
B. Cynodon C. Amorphophallus (Elephants foot) D. Grape
34. Which plant possesses compound leaves (leaflets)?
A. Pipal
B. Banyan
C. Banana
D. Neem
35. Leaf of which plant has reticulate venation?
A. Maize
B. Sugar cane C. Banyan
D. Banana
36. Which of the following is not a source of water?
a) River b) Lake c) Sky d) Rain
37. What is the process of turning of water into vapour called?
a) Filtration b) Vaporisation c) Condensation d) boiling
38. By What other name is vapour of water known as?
a) Gas b) Cloud c) Steam d) Rain
39. What is present in the vapour formed from the salty seawater?
a) Common salt b) salts c) common salt and vapour d) Vapour of pure water
40. What is necessary for the formation of cloud from water vapour?
A) Dust particles b) Thundering of clouds c) Lighting d) Solar heat
41. By which method can a large amount of water be harvested?
a) By ponds b) By check dams c) By dams d) By underground tank
42. In which of the following, can water level be brought upward, by using recharge method?
a) River b) Lake c) Well d) Pond
43. Which of the following is the largest unit of length?
a) Meter b) Centimeter c) Millimeter d) Kilometer
44. Which is the smaller unit than centimeter?
a) Kilometer b) meter c) Millimeter d) Light year
45. Which unit is used to measure the distance between any two cities?
a) Meter b) Kilometer c) Centimeter d) Light year
46. In which unit is the distance between two stars measured?
a) Kilometer b) Meter c) Light year d) Centimeter
47. One meter is equal to how many centimeters?
a)10 b) 100 c) 1000 d) 10000
48. Which of the following is a unit of area?
a) Square meter b) Cubic meter c) Meter d) Kilometer
49. In which unit is the area of a post-card measured?
a) Centimeter b) Millimeter c) Square centimeter d) Hectare

50. What is the standard unit of time?

a) Hour b) Day c) Year d) Second
51. One fortnights means how many days?
a) 7 b) 8 c) 15 d) 30
52. What is the special type of clock used in sports ( competition ) to measure the time interval called?
a) Digital clock b) Stop watch c) Wrist watch d) clock
53. Which type of simple machine in a pincers?
a)Lever b) Slope c) Wedge d) screw
54. Which type of simple machine is a jack?
a) Lever b) Screw c) Slope d) Wedge
55. Which type of simple machine is a staircase?
a) Lever b) Screw c) Slope d) Wedge
56. Which type of simple machine is a sickle?
a) Lever b) Screw c) Slope d) Wedge
57. Which is the wedge type of simple machine?
a) Nutcracker b) Knife c) Toothed wheel d) Pulley
58. What is called that on which the wheel is fitted?
a) Pulley b) Disc c) axle d) Jack
59. Which of the following is a complex machine?
a) Pincers b) Nutcracker c) Scissors d) Typewriter
60. Which is a natural source of light?
a) Latern
b) Planet Venus
c) Star
d) Candle
61. Which is an artifial source of light?
a) Star
b) Sun
c) Glowworm
d) Lantern
62. Which of the following is not a source of light?
a) Sun
b) Star
c) Moon
d) Candle
63. Which of the following is a translucent object?
a) Mirror
b) Lens of spectacles
c) Milk
d) Milky glass
64. Which of the following is a transparent object?
a) Air
b) Mirror
c) Dirty water
d) Smooth marble
65. Which of the following substances do not cast a shadow?
a) Glass
b) Mirror
c) Stick
d) Cloud
II. Answer in one sentence:
1. In which direction does a bar magnet suspended freely to rotate in a horizontal plane becomes steady?
Ans .A bar magnet suspended freely to rotate in a horizontal plane becomes steady in North-South direction.
2. Do S and N poles of a magnet get separated if a magnet breaks into two pieces?
Ans. No S and N poles of a magnet do not get separated if a magnet breaks into two pieces.
3. Which end of the bar magnet is considered as north pole(N)?.
Ans . The end of the magnet which becomes steady in the North direction is considered north pole (N).
4. Between which poles of two magnet attraction takes place ?
Ans Attraction takes place between two unlike poles of the magnet. (N-S, S-N)
5. When does repulsion takes place between two magnets ?
Ans. Repulsion takes place when two like poles of the magnets are brought together. (S-S, N-N)
6. Which metals are attracted by magnet ?
Ans. Iron ,Cobalt , Nickel are attracted by magnet.
7. Which type of magnet is used in magnetic compass?
Ans Needle magnet is used in magnetic compass.
8. Which characteristics of animal does plant not possess?
Ans Plants do not perform locomotion.
9. Which effect is seen soon after touching the twig of mimosa plant?
Ans The leaves get folded as soon as we touch the twing of Mimosa plant.

10. Give four examples of living?

Ans Plants, insects, animals and human beings
11. Which gas makes supernatant of lime water milky?
Ans: Carbon dioxide gas makes supernatant of lime water milky.
12. Which Indian scientist proved that music has the effect on growth and development of plant?
Ans Dr. Jagdish Chandra Bose proved that music has the effect on growth and development of plant.
13. State the effect of the solution of common salt on litmus paper?
Ans The effect of the solution of common salt on litmus paper is neutral.
14. State the effect of solution of decanted lime water on turmeric paper?
Ans. Solution of decanted lime water turns the turmeric paper brown.
15. Write two substances which are not salt but their solutions are neutral towards the litmus paper?
Ans : Glucose and sugar
16. What is the chemical reaction between acid and base called?
Ans : The chemical reaction between acid and base is called neutralization.
17. Which substance are produced during neutralization between acid and base?
Ans Salt and water are produced during neutralization between acid and base.
18. Which type of substance is sodium hydroxide(caustic soda),acid, base, salt?
Ans : Sodium hydroxide is base.
19. Give the name of one indicator used in neutralization reaction?
Ans Phenolphthalein is used in neutralization reaction.
20. The solution of which salt is used in fire extinguisher?
Ans : Solution of baking powder is used in fire extinguisher.
21. Give the definition of neutralization?
Ans : Due to chemical reaction taking place between proper proportion of acid and base both the substance
loose their own property and formed salt and water. This process is called neutralization.
22. Which is the main salt present in sea water?
Ans : Sodium chloride / common salt is the main salt present in sea water.
23. Give any four examples of cereals.
Ans: Cereals are wheat, maize, bajri and rice.
24. What is a monocot plant?
Ans: A plant growing from a monocot seed is called monocot plant.
25. Which factors are necessary for germination of seed?
Ans: Air, water and sunlight are necessary for germination of seed.
26. How is the dispersal of calotropis seeds occurs?
Ans: The dispersal of calotropis seeds occurs by wind.
27. How does the dispersal of seeds of pomgamia (Kanji) occur?
Ans: The dispersal of seeds of pomgamia (Kanji) occur by wind.
28. How does the dispersal of seeds of basil seeds (Avchi-bavchi) occur?
Ans: The dispersal of seeds of basil seeds (Avchi-bavchi) occur by water.
29. How are seeds of basil Gokhru and Xanthium ( Cockle-bur ) Dispersed?
Ans: Seeds of basil Gokhru and Xanthium ( Cockle-bur ) Dispersed by animals.
30. What is plant with more than 6 feet height called?
Ans: A plant with more than 6 feet height called a tree.
31. What type of stem does a tree have?
Ans: A stem of a tree is very thick and strong.
32. Which type of plant is watermelon? Herb, shrub, tree or climber?
Ans: Watermelon is a climber.
33. Give any four examples of underground stems.
Ans : The four examples of underground are potato, ginger, turmeric and amorphophallus.
34. What is creeper stem?
Ans: Plants stem that remains spread along the ground and develops roots at a certain distance from the
mode of stem is known as creeper stem.

35. Mention the main two types of leaf.

Ans : The two types of leaf are 1.Simple leaf 2. Compound leaves.
36. Give an example of plant having compound leaves.
Ans: Neem, rose and gulmohar.
37. What is an arrangement of veins in leaf called?
Ans: The arrangement of veins in leaf is called venation.
38.Which is the main source of water?
Ans: Rain is the main source of water.
39. From where do we get water?
Ans : We get water from well, tube well, river, dam and pond.
40. Through which sources do we get water stored in the ground?
Ans: We can get water stored in the ground through well and tube well.
41. From where does water come to dams ?
Ans : River and rain water come to dams.
42.By what other name is condensation known as?
Ans: Condensation is also known as solidification.
43.For which biological processes of our body is water is most essential?
Ans: Water is most essential for the biological process of our body like digestion blood circulation and
excretion in our body.
44. What is water pollution?
Ans: The process of polluting water is called water pollution.
45. What is the standard unit of length?
Ans: The standard unit of length is meter.
46. Which is the standard instrument to measure the length?
Ans: The standard instrument to measure the length is meter-ruler.
47. What is used by the cloth merchant to measure cloth?
Ans: The cloth merchant uses tape- measure made up of iron or plastic to measure cloth.
48. What does the tailor use to measure your wrist?
Ans: The tailor used tape-measure which can be folded to measure your wrist.
49. Write the formula to find the area of a rectangle.
Ans: The formula of area is length X Breadth.
50. How many fortnights is a month?
Ans: In a month there are two fortnights.
51. Give three names of simple machines of lever type.
Ans: Scissors, pincers and nut cracker are simple machines of lever type.
52. Which type of simple machines is a scissors?
Ans: The scissor is a simple machine of lever type.
53. Which type of simple machines is a nutcracker?
Ans: The nutcracker is a simple machine of lever type.
54. Give one example of simple machine of screw type.
Ans: Jack is used to lift a truck is one example of simple machine of screw type.
55. Which instrument is used to lift the truck while changing its tyre?
Ans: Jack is used to lift the truck while changing its tyre.
56. Which type of simple machine is an axe?
Ans: An axe is a simple machine of wedge type.
57. Among which inventions in mechanics is known as a revolutionary invention?
Ans: The Wheel in mechanics is known as a revolutionary invention.
58. In which simple machine is the simplest use of wheel and axle done?
Ans : The simplest use of wheel and axle is done in a pulley.
59. What is a source of light ?
Ans: A body emitting light is called a source of light.
60. What is meant by an artificial source of light ?

Ans: An manmade object emitting light is called an artificial source of light.

61. Give two examples of natural source of light.
Ans: The two examples of natural source of light are sun and stars.
62. When is an object visible?
Ans: An object is visible when light falling on it get reflected and enter our eyes.
63. When is light obstructed?
Ans: When any opaque substance comes in the path of light, it stops traveling and it is said to be obstructed.
64. On which day can a solar eclipse take place?
Ans: A solar eclipse takes place on no moon day
65. On which day can a lunar eclipse take place?
Ans: A lunar eclipse takes place on full moon day.
66. Define Magnetic poles.
Ans. Two ends of magnet are called magnetic poles.
67. Define Magnetic field.
Ans. The region in which magnetic effect of magnet is found is called magnetic field.
68. Define Locomotion.
Ans. The process in which the organisms move from one place to another by itself is called locomotion.
69. Define Reproduction.
Ans. The process in which each living organisms reproduces a new organism of its own kind is called
reproduction.
70. Define Monocot seed.
Ans. A seed which cannot be seperated into two halves is called monocot seed.
71. Define Compound leaf.
Ans. Instead of single, independent and big leaf on petiole if the leaf is divided into small leaflets then the
leaf is known as compound leaf.
72. Define Reticulate venation.
Ans. The type of venation in which leaf shows reticulate impression on its lamins is called reticulate
venation.
73. DefineVaporisation.
Ans. The process of turning of a liquid into a vapour is called vaporization.
74. Define Condensation .
Ans. The cooled vapour turns into liquid form this cooling process is known as condensation.
75. DefineWater cycle.
Ans. The water from the earth vapourises to form clouds and returns to the earth in the form of rain is called
water cycle.
76. Define Simple machine.
Ans. An instrument with the help of which our work can be done easier and faster is called a simple machine.
77. Define Complex machine.
Ans. A machine made with the help of two or more than two simple machine is called a complex machine.
78. Define Transparent object.
Ans. The object through which light can pass is called transparent object.
79. Define Translucent object.
Ans. The object through which light can pass partially is called translucent object.
80. Define Light year .
Ans: The distance travelled by light in one year is called light year.
81. Define Area.
Ans: The space occupied by any object on the surface is called the area of that object.
III. State whether following statements are true or false:
1. Only iron objects are attracted by magnet. False
2. The iron filings are stuck more at the middle part of the bar magnet. False

3. When a bar magnet is tied with a thread and suspended from the stand to rotate freely in horizontal plane
,its north pole becomes steady in south direction. False
4. When the north pole of the magnet is brought near the south pole of the other magnet attraction takes
place. True
5. Plant respires by root. False
6. Animals and plants are included in living .True
7. Fresh supernatant of lime water is milky. False
8. Music induces luxuriant growth in plants. True
9. 'Acid +base =salt +water' this is an equation of neutralization reaction. True
10. All solutions of salt are not neutral towards litmus paper. True
11. Caustic soda(Sodium hydroxide)is a strong base. True
12. Phenolphthalein is used as an indicator in neutralization reaction. True
13. Seeds of cereals are monocot. True
14. Mango tree is a dicot plant. True
15. Hetropogon is a type of grass, the dispersal of its seeds takes place by animals. True
16. Seeds of achyranthus are thorny. True
17. Tomato is a climber plant. False
18. Heena is a type of shrub plant. True
19. Bitter gourd is a creeper plant. False
20. Leaf that can be cut parallel has reticulate venation. False
21. Dust particles are necessary for the formation of cloud. True
22. The entire rain water flows away through river in the sea.
False
23. Water is the life.
True
24. In sewage farm, there is the arrangement to purify the drainage water and to make its use for agriculture.
True
25. The standard unit of length is kilometer. False
26. Meter is one of the units of area. False
27. Light is a unit of time. False
28. Two fortnights equal to one month. True
29. By keeping more slope in staircase it becomes easy to climb up. False
30. Wheel and axle are used together. True
31. The force required to do work by a pulley does not decrease but the direction of the force can be
changed. True
32. A mango cutter is a simple machine of lever type. True
33. Screw is a type of slope. False
34. The moon is self-luminious.
False
35. Planets are not considered as source of light. True
36. The glowworm is a cold natural source of light. True
37. It may happen that eyes are open but object cannot be seen. True
38. During lunar eclipse the moon comes between the sun and the earth in a straight line. False
IV. Give reason:
1.Real test of magnetism is not attraction but repulsion.Because magnet attracts iron fillings. A magnetic
pole also attracts opposite poles. So property of attraction can not be used to test wheather a given object is
magnet. On other hand magnet repels only with similar poles of another magnet. So the repulsion is real test
of magnetism.
2.An aeroplane flies in the sky and uses petrol as a food (fuel), even though an aeroplane is called nonliving.Because it cannot grow, it cannot respire and it cannot reproduce its own kind.
3.Many plants grow everywhere during monsoon season.Because seed dispersal occurs due to many
factors. So the seeds are spread over different places on the land. In the monsoon season sufficient water is
available to such seeds leading to their germination.

4.The farmer ploughs the field before sowing seeds.Because by ploughing the fields the lower soil comes
up and the upper soil goes down. Hard soil breaks into particles and the soil becomes soft as a result air
passes in the soil easily and moisture is maintained in the soil. Seeds easily sprout when grown in such soil.
5. Dams are constructed on big rivers.Because 1. By constructing dams on big rivers the flowing away of
water can be stopped. 2. Electricity can be generated by storing water in the dam. 3. Water can be supplied to
village or city for drinking purpose and other needs through canals. 4. Water supplied through canal can be
used for agriculture.
6. Water is life.Because our body contains 60-70 % water . Water is needed for biological processes like
digestion, blood circulation etc. In our body if the proportion of water decreases in high proportion or if
drinking water is not consumed for certain days one may become unconscious and may die so it is told water
is life.
7.A sharp nail inserts easily in wood rather than a blunt one.Because 1) A sharp nail is a simple machine
of wedge type 2) due to its wedge like structure it can be easily inserted in wood with less effort. 3) In a
blunt nail a wedge like structure is not there so it cannot be inserted easily.
8.Though the moon gives light, it is not considered as a source of light. Because 1) The object, which
emits the light is called a source of light. 2) The moon does not emit light, but it reflects the rays of sunlight
that is incident on it, so it seems bright.
9.The lunar eclipse does not take place on each Full Moon Day. Because 1) The planes of the object of
the earth and of moon are slightly inclined to each other. 2) So on each full moon day, the sun does not come
between the earth and the moon in a straight line. So lunar eclipse does not occur on each Full Moon Day.
V. Give two points of difference between:
1. Living and Non living:
Living
1. They respire.
2. They can grow
3. Most of them show sensitivity
4.They reproduce their own kind.
2.Acid and Base:
Acid
1.Acid turns blue litmus paper red.
2.It is sour in taste.
3.Monocot and Dicot seed:
Monocot seed
1. Soak seeds which cannot be
separated into two halves are called
monocot seeds.
2.Eg. Wheat, Maize, Bajri, Rice etc.
4.Cereals and pulses:
Cereals
1.They are monocot seeds.
2.They are rich in carbohydrates.
3.Eg. Wheat, rice, jowar
5. Herb & Shrub
Herb
1.Its height is generally less than 4-6 feet
2.Its stem is soft,thin and weak
6.Tap root system and Fibrous root system:

Non living
1.They do not respire
2.They can not grow
3.They do not show sensitivity.
4. They do not reproduce their own kind.
Base
1.Base turns red litmus paper blue.
2. It is bitter in taste.
Dicot seed
1.Soak seeds which can be separated into
two halves are called dicot seeds.
2. Eg. Mungbean, Groundnut, Peas etc.
Pulses
1.They are dicot seeds.
2.They are rich in proteins.
3.Eg. Gram, mung, pea
Shrub
1.Its height is generally 4-6 feet.
2.Its stem is thicker and stronger than that
of herbs.

Tap root system

1. It possesses a main root and many
branches arise from the main root.
2. Dicot plants have such type of roots
7. Simple leaf and compound leaves:
(3) Simple leaf
1. It is big and independently attached
on petiole.
2. eg. Leaves of banana, Pipal, Tulsi etc.
8. Solar eclipse and lunar eclipse:
Solar eclipse
1. When the moon comes between the sun
and the earth in a straight line solar eclipse
occur.
2. Solar eclipse occur on no moon day.

Fibrous root system

1.It does not have any main root but has
many thin, smaller roots.
2. Monocot plants have such type of roots.
Compound leaf
1.In this the leaf is divided into small
leaflets on petiole.
2. eg. Leaves of rose, neem, tamarind etc.
Lunar eclipse
1.When the earth comes between the sun
and the moon in a straight line Lunar
eclipse occur.
2.Lunar eclipse occur on full moon day.

VI. Answer in short:

1.Small particles stuck to the magnet lying on the land. Of which substance are these particles made?
Ans: Small particles stuck to the magnet lying on the land are made up of iron.
2.Which will be the N and S poles of an oval shaped magnet?
Ans. Take the north pole of the bar magnet near to various surface of the given oval shaped magnet.The part
at which repulsion takes place is the north pole and the part at which attraction takes place is the south pole.
3.Where will be the north pole and the south pole in the given ring magnet?
Ans.The north pole and the south pole in ring magnet are opposite to each other.The exact place of its north
pole and the south pole can be known from the part becoming steady to north and south direction.
4. How are N and S poles of a bar magnet determined? OR Poles are not mentioned on a bar magnet. How
will you determine its poles?
Ans .1.Take a bar magnet and suspend it freely 2. The freely suspended magnet will become steady in north
and south directions. 3. Thus the end of the magnet alignied in north is north pole and the other along south
is south pole.
5. If pins are spread on your table, then how will you collect them quickly?
Ans: If pins are spread on the table we can collect them quickly with the help of the magnet because pins are
attracted towards the magnet.
6.What is called living?
Ans. The organism which respire, grow, show locomotion, are sensitive, take food, excrete and reproduce are
called living organism.
7.What happens when air is blown in supernatant of lime water with the help of a straw? What is the reason
for this?
Ans. When air is blown in supernatant of lime water with the help of a straw we can see bubbles and the lime
water becomes milky. The air blown contain carbon-dioxide which reacts with lime water and turns it milky.
8. Which sensation do the animals feel?
Ans. The sensation which animals feel are fear, pain, hunger ,thrust, laugh, cry, experience of heat,
experience of cold, urination, etc.
9. Plant experiences sensation. Explain it with example?
Ans. 1) The leaves of Mimosa plant droop when we touch it.2) Water lily plant blossom only at night. 3)
Stem of Sunflower plant moves according to the sunlight.
10.Is the cloud moving in the sky is living or non-living? Why?
Ans. The cloud moving in the sky is non-living because it cannot grow, it cannot breathe, it cannot take food
and it cannot reproduce its own kind.
11. What is an acid? Give 4 examples OR State the two properties of acid with eg.

Ans. Some substances turns blue litmus paper into red they are called acid. The two properties of Acid are 1)
It turns blue litmus paper red. 2) It is sour in taste. Eg. curd ,lemon juice, tamarind and buttermilk
12.What is a base ?Give 4 examples .OR State two properties of base with eg
Ans. Some substances turns red litmus paper blue they are called basis . The two properties of base are 1) it
turns red litmus paper blue. 2) It is bitter in taste. 3) It is slippery and sticky. Eg. solution of washing soda
,solution of baking soda solution of lime water, caustic soda
13. State the uses of following substance:
1. Washing soda:1 For washing clothes and vessels. 2. Softening hard water.
2. Baking soda:1. For preparation of food 2. As a medicine for acidity
3Common salt :1. In cooking 2. In drying of fish and meat
14. All neutral substances are not salts. Explain.
Ans: Acid reacts with base to give salt and water. Most of the salts do not have any effect on either red or
blue litmus paper, so they are neutral substances. Sugar and glucose solution in water do not have any effect
on litmus paper. So they are neutral substances but sugar and glucose are not made by neutralization between
acid and base. So they are not salts. Thus sugar and glucose are neutral but not salts.
15. How will you confirm that given seeds are monocot or dicot?
Ans: 1) Soak the given seeds in water for 6-8 hours.2) Take seeds one by one and press it between your
finger and thumb .3)Seeds which divide into two halves are dicot seeds and the seeds which cannot divide
into two halves are monocot seeds.
16. Mention the factors that play the role in dispersal of seeds.
Ans: The factors that play the role in dispersal of seeds are 1.Wind 2.Water 3.Insects 4. Birds 5. Animals
6.Human beings 7. Gravitational force 8. Internal force.
17. How are seeds dispersal by wind? Explain it with example.
Ans: Some seeds are very light in weight and have thin fibers. So they can move to many distant place due to
wind. Thus wind helps in seed dispersal . Eg. seeds of Calotropis, Pomgamia (Kanji) and bombax are light in
weight and fibrous . So they are dispersed by wind.
18. Give the names of medicinal plants.
Ans : Medicinal plants are tulsi, neem, ginger, turmeric, garlic, clove, adhatoda, carom seeds, asofetida,
nutmeg, jamun.
19.From where and how do you get water in your house?
Ans: We get water in our house through pipeline from large water tank of village or city. Water from well or
tube well is filled in large water tanks by electric water pump or some places river, lake or pond water is
filled in large tanks by electric pumps. This water is supplied to our houses through pipelines after purifying
it.
20.From where does water come to well or tube wells?
Ans: When it rain, some water flows on the land, while some water gets percolated in the ground. This
percolated water is stored in the ground . on digging the well, this water is regained to us. The water
percolated deep in the ground is taken out by constructing tube-well in the ground.
21.Due to some reasons if the source of water exhausted, then what difficulties do we face?
Ans : Water is very essential for all living being to sustain life. We cant live without water. Water is useful in
our daily activities like 1.cooking 2. House cleaning 3. Animals husbandary. Due to some reasons if water is
not available for one two days. We have to face many difficulties. Hence due to some reasons if the source
of water get exhausted then it is difficult for us and the living kingdom to survive.
22.State the various ways for water harvesting.
Ans: The various ways for water harvesting are 1.Dam 2. Check dam 3.Pond or lake 4. Farm pond 5.
Underground tanks 6. Recharging the well.
23. Write three advantages of water harvesting.
Ans: Three advantages of water harvesting are 1. stored water can be used in the season other than monsoon.
2. The energy to draw water from well or tube well is saved. 3. If water is not available due to some reasons,
then stored water can be used.
24.Write about the importance of water in our life.

Ans: The importance of water in our life are 1. Water is very essential for all living being to sustain life. 2.
Our body contains about 60- 70% water so if the proportion of water decreases then dehydration takes place.
Due to it one will be come unconscious and may die at times. 3. water is necessary for the biological process
like digestion, eccretion, blood circulation etc. in our body. 4. Water is also necessary to maintain our body
temperature.
25.What did the people use to measure the length in olden days?
Ans : In olden days people used their body parts such as span, hand and footsteps to measure the length.
Things like stick, thread were also used to measure the length.
26.Why did it become necessary to have universally accepted (common) unit for measurement of length?
Ans: Length can be measured using length of span, hand or steps but length of span, hand or step vary from
person to person so different measurements will be obtained when the same object is be measured by
different person.
27.In which practical works is the measurement of area needed?
Ans: The practical work in which the measurement of area is needed are 1) For measurement of land and
field.2) To prepare plan for a house. 3) To purchase the carpet of proper fitting for the floor of the room. 4)
To calculate the price of land bought. 5) To calculate the tiles required to cover the floor of room in the
house.
28.How were people manage to estimate time in earliar days when clocks ( or watches) were not there?
Ans : In earliar days when there were no clocks, people used to estimate the time with the help of natural
phenomena like sunrise,sunset,full moon day, New moon day and position of the stars in the sky.
29.Give the names of different types of clocks used nowadays.
Ans: Different types of clocks used nowadays are 1) Pendulum clock 2) Winding table clock 3) Wrist watch
4) Digital clock.
30.How many types of simple machines are there?
Ans: There are mainly six types of simple machines. They are 1) Lever 2) Slope 3) Screw 4) Wedge
5)Pulley 6) Wheel and axle.
31.Why is bicycle called a complex machine?
Ans: A machine made with the help of two or more than two simple machines is called a complex machine.
The bicycle is made from various simple machines like lever, wheel, axle and gears etc. So bicycle is called a
complex machine.
VII. Classify:
1. Classify the following seeds into monocot seeds and dicot seeds :
Gram, wheat, mung bean, bajari, jowar, pigeon pea, kidney bean, rice, pea, maize, cowpea (chola), black
gram, barley, Turkish gram.
Monocot seed: Wheat, bajari , jower , rice, maize , barley
Dicot seeds: Gram, mung bean, pigeon pea, kidney bean, pea, cow pea, black gram, Turkish gram.
2. Classify the following plants into herb, shrub and tree:
Neem, vinca, guava, banyan, hibiscus, tulsi, maize, mango tree, oleander (narium), pipal, bajari, rose, heena,
acacia.
Herb: Tulsi, vinca, maize, rose, bajari.
Shrub: Hibiscus, guava, oleander, heena.
Tree: Pipal, banyan, mango tree, neem, acacia.
3.Classify the following plants on the basis of the types of root system into tap root system and fibrours root
system :
Wheat, Vinca, maize, tulsi, neem, sugar cane, banyan, bamboo, coconut, tamarind.
Tab root system: Vinca, tulsi, neem, banyan, tamarind
Fibrous rot system: Wheat, maize, bamboo, sugarcane, coconut.
4.Classify the following instruments into simple machines and complex machines:
Tong, typewriter, lemon, squeezer, sewing machine, staircase, scooter, bicycle, mango cutter.
Simple machine : Tong, lemon squeezer, staircase, mango cutter

Complex machines: Type writer, sewing machine, bicycle, scooter.

5.Classify the following into natural sources of light and artificial sources of light:
Torch, lantern, stars, tubelight , sun, glowworm, candle, electric bulb.
Natural sources of light: Stars, sun, glowworm
Artificial sources of light : Torch, lantern, tubelight, candle, electric bulb.
6.Classify the following objects into transparent objects, opaque objects and translucent objects:
Transparent objects: air, water, lens of spectacles
Opaque objects: mirror, iron strip, milk
Translucent object: Oil paper, milky glass, dirty water, cloud
7. classify the following substance given below into acid, base and neutral substance:
Lime, sugar, buttermilk, common salt, lemon, washing soda, soap, tamarind, glucose, sodium hydroxide,
citrate, baking soda.
Acid: buttermilk, lemon,tamarind, citrates
Base :lime, washing soda ,soap,baking soda,sodium hydroxide.
Neutral substance :sugar , common salt, glucose.
VIII. Answer in detail:
1.Explain the discovery of magnet in short.
Ans: Long year ago in the country Greece a shepherd named Magnus was living in a region called Magnesia.
While he pastured his sheeps he observed that the nails of the shoes and the tip of the staff were getting stuck
to the ground with black stones on the ground, he got surprised. He showed this substance to other. This
substance found in magnetia region named magnet.
2.List out the characters of living organisms.
Ans.They show movement 2)They grow 3)They take food 4) They respire 5) They are sensitive 6) They do
excretion 7) They reproduce young ones of their own kind.
3.What are the benefits of lever?
Ans: The benefits of lever 1) By proper arrangement made by a stick, a heavy stone can be moved. 2) A nail
inserted in the wood can be taken out using pillers. 3) Using a mango-cutter, mango can be cut into pieces
with less effort. 4) In the kitchen a heavy hot vessel can be lifted using a pincers. 5) Using a pair of tongs
objects light in weight can be lifted easily.
4.Write a short note on slope.
Ans.A slope is a simple machine. A plank kept in slanting position making an angle with a ground forms a
slope. The length of a plank is called the length of a slope. The greater the length and shorter the height. The
easier it is to load. Stair case is a type of slope. By constructing a spiral roads on mountain having a gentle
slope. It becomes easier for us to move up.
5.Write a short note on pulley.
Ans: A pulley is a wheel rotating on an axle. The wheel of a pulley has a grooved rim. A thread or rope can
pass around it. On pulling one end of the rope down ,the object tied to the other end of the rope is lifted.
Thus direction of the force can be changed.
Uses: 1) The pulley is used to draw water easily from the well. 2) It is used to send materials upwards during
the construction of building.
6.Explain the phenomenon of solar eclipse with a diagram.
Explanation: The earth is revolving around the sun and the moon is revolving around the earth along with
their orbits in space. During this revolution , some time the moon comes between the sun and the earth in a
straight line. So the shadow of the moon is incident on the earth. The people of the region where the shadow
of the moon is incident cannot see the sun totally or partially. This phenomenon is called solar eclipse. It can
take place on no moon day.
7. How are the clouds formed and how does the rain occur?
Ans: The water of sea is constantly evaporated as water vapour due to solar heat. The vapour being light rises
up in the sky. The vapour particles mixes with the dust particles present in the atmosphere and water droplets
are formed. The collection of such water droplets is called clouds. Due to powerful wind clouds move from
one place to another. The clouds go on enlarging and go on cooling as they rise up in the sky. In cool

atmosphere of the sky, the water droplets in the clouds become larger and heavier and fall on the earth in the
form of rain.
8.Which things will you keep in mind while measuring the length of any object?
Ans: The following things will be kept in mind while measuring the length of any object: 1) Object should be
kept carefully. so that its one end remains at number 0 of the ruler. 2)The object should be placed parallel to
the ruler touching it. 3) while reading the number at other end of the object, our eye, end of the object and
mark of the ruler should be in the same line and it should be perpendicular to the ruler.
IX.Experiment.
1. Describe the experiment, with figure to explaining the neutralization reaction taking place between
solutions of dil. Hydrochloric acid (HCI) and sodium hydroxide (NAOH):
Aim:To show the neutralization reaction
taking place between solution of HCL andNaOH.
Apparatus and materials: Test tube holder,
solution of NAOH test tube, Diluted HCL, Test tube stand and solution of
phenolphthalein.
Figure:
Procedure: 1. Take a test tube and with the
help of a dropper put ten to
twelve drops of diluted acid in the test tube. 2. Now add two to three drops of phenolphthalein in the test
tube. 3. Shake the test tube well. 4. There is no change in colour. 5. put drops of base in the test tube which
contains dilute acid with the help of a dropper and shake it observe. 6. Go on adding base drop by drop in the
acid and shake it till you see slight change of colour. 7. when the colour changes stop adding base.
Equation : Acid + Base ---- Salt + Water
Observation: When the acid turns pink there is no effect on red and blue litmus paper.
Conclusion: Neutralization takes place when acid reacts with base to form salt and water
2.Describe the experiment, with figure, to prove that for germination of seed air, water and heat are
necessary in definite proportion.
Aim: To prove that for germination of seed air, water and heat are necessary in definite proportion.
Apparatus and Materials: Mung bean, plastic ruler, thread , piece of cloth, germinated mung bean, beaker,
water.
Procedure: 1) Take a plastic ruler.2) Tie four to five seeds on the upper, central and lower part of the ruler
and cover them with a cotton cloth.3) Put this ruler into the beaker in a slanting position. 4) Fill the beaker
with water in such a way that lower seeds remain submerge , central seeds remain in contact with water
surface and upper seeds remain above the water surface. 5) put this beaker in the room. 6) Observe the seeds
kept at three places after five to six days.
Observation table:
Conclusion : Air, water and heat are necessary for the germination of seeds.
3.Describe an experiment with diagram to show that light travels in a straight line.
Aim: To prove that light travels in a straight
line.
Apparatus: Three card board of same size,
candle, thin rod.
Figure:
Procedure: 1) Take three cardboards of same size.
2) keep all three cardboards over one another and make a hole in the middle.
3) Arrange all three cardboards as shown in the figure.
4) Make sure that the holes in a straight line by passing a thin rod through them.
5) keep a lighted candle on one of the sides of three cardboards.
6) from the opposite side of the candle try to see the flame of the candle through the hole of the
third cardboard can you see the flame.
7) now move the cardboard slightly aside and try to see the flame again. Is the flame of the
candle visible?

Observation: When the holes of all three cardboards are in a straight line, then the flame of the candle is not
visible.
Conclusion: Light travel in a straight line.