Misr International University

Faculty of Engineering
Department of Electronics and Communication
Course: EET 416 Microwave Engineering
Instructors: Prof. Fawzy Ibrahim

Problem Set #2 Solution

Electromagnetic Plane Wave Propagation
Question #2.1

The magnetic field, H in free space is given by:

E 0.1 cos(2 x108 t k o x)a y A / m

a) Find the direction of wave propagation.

b) Calculate wave number or propagation constant, ko, the wavelength, o and the
period, T.
c) Calculate the time, t1 it takes to travel a distance of /8.
d) Sketch the wave at time, t1.

Question #2.2
A uniform plane wave in free space its electric field intensity is given by

E s 200e j 30 e j 250 z a x V/m. Find:

b) The radian frequency, .
a) The propagation constant, ko.
c) The wavelength, .
d) The intrinsic impedance .

f) E at z = 8 mm, t = 6 ps.
e) The magnetic field intensity, H s
o

Question #2.3
a) Starting from Maxwells equations do the following:
i) Derive the wave equations or Helmholtz equations.
ii) Write the solution of theses equations in free space.
iii) Derive basic plane wave parameters: Phase velocity, vp, The Wavelength, and
the Wave or intrinsic impedance, .
b) The electric field of 30MHz plane wave traveling along +Z direction in air and
directed along X-direction. If the peak value of Ex is 10 [mV/m] and Ex is maximum
at t=0 and Z = 1.5 m. Obtain the expressions
for the instantaneous and phasor values

of electric magnetic field intensities E and H .

Solution
a) As in Lecture notes.
b) i) The forward and backward propagating waves having the general form:

E xs ( z ) E e jk0 z E e jk0 z
For time harmonic case at frequency . In time domain, this result is written as:

E x ( z , t ) Re[ E xs ( z )e j e jt ]
The forward propagating wave having the form of:
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E x ( z , t ) E cos(t k0 z )

EET416 Problem Set #2 Solution

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k0 o o w / c (2x30 x106 ) /(3 x108 ) 6.28 rad / m

o
At t = 0 and z =1.25 m, Ex = E+ or cos( - koz) = 1. Then

=
k
oz = 6.28 x 1.25 = 89.77 .

The instantaneous value of the electric field intensity, E is given by:

E x ( z , t ) E cos(t k0 z ) 24 cos(t 89.77 o 6.28 z ) [mV / m]

The phasor value of the electric field intensity, E is given by:

Exs(z) = 10 e(- j 6.25 z + j 89.77o) [mV/m]

b) ii) The instantaneous value of the magnetic field intensity, H is given by:

H y ( z , t ) ( E / 0 ) cos(t k 0 z ) (10 / 120 ) cos(t 89.77 o 6.28 z )

26.5 cos(t 89.77 o 6.28 z ) [ A / m]

The phasor value of the magnetic field intensity, H is given by:

Hys(z) =26.5 e(- j 6.25 z + j 89.77o) [A/m]
Question #2.4
A uniform plane wave is propagating in free space along the +ve direction, do the
following:

E
a x E cos(t k o z ) Determine:
a) If the electric field intensity is given by
(i) The magnetic field intensity.
(ii) The time average Poynting vector.
b) If the magnetic field intensity is given by
Find and calculate:
(i) The electric field intensity.
(iii) The propagation constant, ko.

H a x 10 cos( 2000t k o z )

(ii) The wavelength, o.

(iv) The average power density.

Solution

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EET416 Problem Set #2 Solution

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Question #2.5 [HW]

The electric field intensity of a uniform plane wave in air has amplitude of 800 V/m
and is in the x-direction. If the wave is propagating in the z-direction and has a
wavelength of 60 cm, find:
a) the frequency,
b) the value of ko if the field is expressed in the form A cos(t k o z )
Question #2.6 [Hayt 12.3]

H
( x, t ) a y 10 cos(10 8 t k o x ) A / m
If the magnetic field intensity in free space is given by
Find and calculate:
b) The wavelength, o.
a) The propagation constant, ko.
c) The electric field intensity E s ( x, t ) at P(0.1, 0.2, 0.3) at t = 1 ns.
Solution

Question #2.7 [Hayt 12.4] [HW]

In phasor form, the electric field intensity of a uniform plane wave in free space is given

by E ( z ) a ( 40 j 30)e j 20 z V / m Find and calculate the following:

s
x
a) The propagation constant, ko.
c) The wave frequency, f.
e) The magnetic field intensity in phasor form

b) The radian frequency, .

d) The wavelength, o.
H s ( z , t ) at P(6, -1, 0.07) and t = 71 ps.

Question #2.8 [Hayt 12.5]

A150 MHz uniform plane wave in free space is described by

H s ( z ) ( 4 j10)( 2a x ja y )e jko z

Find and calculate:

a) The numerical values for , and ko.
b) H(z, t) at t = 1.5 ns and z = 20 cm.
c) | E | max .

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EET416 Problem Set #2 Solution

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Solution

Question #2.9 [HW]

o
H
[ (5e j 20 ) a x 3 j a y ] e jko z A/m in free space, and f = 6 MHz. Find the
If

instantaneous amplitude of H at:

a) (0,0,0) at t=0,
b) (2,5,8) at t=0,

c) (0,0,0) at t=0.1 s,
d) (2,5,8) at t=0.1 s.

Question #2.10 [Pozar 1.4]

A plane wave traveling along the z-axis in a dielectric medium with r = 2.55 has an
electric field intensity in free space is given by

E ( z , t ) a y 30 cos(t kz ) V / m

If the wave frequency is 2.4 GHz Find and calculate:

a) The amplitude and direction of the magnetic field.
b) The velocity vp and wavelength, .
c) The phase shift between the positions z1 = 0.5 m and z2 = 1.7 m.
Solution

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EET416 Problem Set #2 Solution

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Question #2.11

A wave propagating in a lossless dielectric has the components, E 5 cos(10 7 t z )a x V/m

and H 1.1cos(10 7 t z )a y mA/m. If the wave is traveling at phase velocity vp = 0.5c,

find: a) r
b) r
c) ;
d) :
e) ;
Question #2.12 [HW]
A 9.4 GHz uniform plane wave is propagating
in polyethylene (r=2.26, r=1). If the

amplitude of the magnetic field intensity, H is 7 mA/m and the material is assumed to be
lossless, find:
a) the velocity of propagation, vp.
b) the wavelength in polyethylene, .
c) phase constant, .
d) theintrinsic impedance, .
e) the amplitude of the electric field intensity, H .

Question #2.13
a) To study the wave propagation in a conducting medium of conductivity , permittivity
, permeability and charge free ( = 0). Derive the expression of:
i) The propagation constant.
ii) The intrinsic impedance.

4 z
E
cos(10 9 t 4 z ) a x V/m. Determine the
b) A plane wave is given by: ( z , t ) 0.5 e
following:
i) The propagation constant
and the wave parameters (Vp, , and s)

ii) The magnetic field, H associated with the wave in both phasor and time domain
representations.
Solution
a) As in Lecture notes.
b-i)

E ( z , t ) 0.5 e 4 z cos(10 9 t 4 z ) a V / m
x
4 Then (4 j 4) rad / m
109
p
2.5 x108 m / sec 2 2 m 1.57 m

4
2

9
7
9
7

j
10 x 4x10
j j10 x 4x10

(50 j 50 ) 222e 4
( 4 j 4)
( 4 j 4)

1
0.25 m
4
ii) E ( z ) E e z e jz a
s
x

E ( z ) 0.5e 4 z e
s

j4z
a V /m
x

E z j z
H ( z)
e
e
a

s
y

j )

j
(
4
z
0,5

j
z

4 a mA/m
H ( z)
e z e
a 2.25 e 4 z e
s
y
y

j
222 e 4

H ( z, t ) 2.25 e 4 z cos(109 t 4 z ) a mA / m
y
4
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EET416 Problem Set #2 Solution

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Question #2.14 [Hayt 12.7]

In phasor form, the magnetic field intensity for a 400 MHz uniform plane wave in a

certain lossless material is given by

H s ( z ) ( 2 a y j 5a z )e j 25 x A / m
Knowing that the maximum amplitude of E is 1500 V/m, Find and calculate:

b) H ( x, y, z, t )
a) , , , r and r ,
Solution

Question #2.15 [HW]

A plane wave is given by: E ( x, y, z, t ) 3e z sin(10 9 t 9 z ) a x 4e z cos(10 9 t 9 z )a y V/m.

Find the following:
a) the velocity of the wave, vp and the direction of propagation,
b) the dielectric constant, r.
c) the conductivity of the medium, .
d) the phasor representing of the wave,

e) the magnetic field associated with the wave, H .

Question #2.16[Hayt 12.24]
Most microwave ovens operate at 2.45 GHz, assume the = 1.2x106 S/m and r=500 for
stainless steel interior. If Es = 500o at the surface, find:
a) The depth of penetration or skin depth s.
b) The amplitude of electric field intensity Es as a function of the angle and plot this
curve as the field propagates in the stainless steel.

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EET416 Problem Set #2 Solution

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Solution

Question #2.17 [HW]

A plane wave of amplitude 1mV/m and frequency 30 MHz is normally incident from air
onto a medium with r = 81, r =1, and = 0.02 S/m. Calculate:
a) The reflection coefficient and transmission coefficient T.
b) The skin depth s.
Question #2.18 [Hayt 13.1]
A uniform plane wave in air, Ex (z, t) = E+ cos(1010t - z) V/m, is normally incident on a
copper surface at z = 0. Calculate the:
a) intrinsic impedance of the copper.
b) reflection coefficient and transmission coefficient T.
c) percentage of the incident power density transmitted into the copper.
Solution

Question #2.19 [HW]

For a uniform plane at normal incidence on a surface between two lossless dielectric
media determine:
a) the condition under which the magnitude of the reflection coefficient equals to that
of transmission coefficient.
b) the ratio of the transmitted power to the incident power.

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EET416 Problem Set #2 Solution

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Solution

Question #2.20
In a nonmagnetic medium (o and ) if the electric field intensity of a plane wave is

given by:
9

E ( x, t ) 5 sin(2x10 t 0.75 x)a z V / m

Determine and calculate the following:

a) r and .

b) The time-average power density, Pdav of the wave .

c) The total time-average power, Ptav crossing an area, A = 100 cm2 of plane x +2 y = 4.
Solution Refer to Exemple 2.9 in the lecture notes.
Question #2.21
Consider a plane wave normally incident from free space on a half-space of a medium 2
with parameters (r = 2 and r =5) as shown in Fig. 2.21. If the wave frequency, f = 2
GHz and the incident electric field in the phasor form, for z < 0 is:

Eis ( z ) 20e jko z a x mV / m

Find the instantaneous and phase values and the

average power density of thefollowing:

a) The incident wave [ Ei , H i and S i (z ) ].

b) The reflected wave [ E r , H r and S r (z ) ].

c) The transmitted wave [ Et , H t and S t (z ) ].

Fig. 2.21 Plane wave reflection.

Solution Refer to Exemples 2.11 and 2.12 in the lecture notes.

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EET416 Problem Set #2 Solution

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