IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS

STRAIGHT LINES(7M)

1. If the equations of the sides of a triangle are 7 x + y − 10 = 0, x − 2 y + 5 = 0 and

x + y + 2 = 0 . Find the orthocenter of the triangle.
2. If Q (h, k ) is the image of the point P ( x1 , y1 ) w.r.to the straight line
h − x1 k − y1 −2(ax1 + by1 + c)
ax + by + c = 0 . The = = and find the image of (1.-2)
a b a 2 + b2
w,r,to the straight line 2x-3y+5=0.
3. If p and q are the lengths of the perpendiculars from the origin to the straight
lines x sec α + y cos ecα = a and x cos α − y sin α = a cos 2α . Prove that 4 p 2 + q 2 = a 2 .
4. Find the circumcenter of the triangle whose sides are 3x-y-5=0, x+2y-4=0
and 5x+3y+1=0.
5. Find the orthocenter of the triangle with the vertices (-2,-1), (6,-1) and (2,5).
6. Find the equations of the straight lines passing through the point of
intersection of the lines 3x+2y+4=0, 2x+5y=1 and whose distance from (2,-
1) is 2.
7. Find the circumcentre of the triangle whose vertices are (1,3), (-3,5) and (5,-
1).
8. If Q(h,k) is the foot of perpendicular of P ( x1 , y1 ) on the line ax + by + c = 0 then
h − x1 k − y1 −(ax1 + by1 + c )
prove that = = . Hence find the foot of the
a b a 2 + b2
perpendicular drawn from (4,1) on the line 3x-4y+12=0.

PAIR OF STRAIGHT LINES

1. Find the angle between the lines joining the origin to the points of
intersection of the curve x 2 + 2 xy + y 2 + 2 x + 2 y + 5 = 0 and the line 3x-y+1=0.
2. Find the values of k, if the lines joining the origin to the points of intersection
of the curve 2 x 2 − 2 xy + 3 y 2 + 2 x − y − 1 = 0 and the line x+2y=k are mutually
perpendicular.
3. Show that the lines joining the origin to the points of intersection of the curve
x 2 − xy + y 2 + 3x + 3 y − 2 = 0 and the straight line x − y − 2 = 0 are mutually
perpendicular.
4. Find the condition for the lines joining the origin to the points of intersection
of the circle x 2 + y 2 = a 2 and the line lx+my=1 to coincide.
5. If the straight lines joining the origin with the point of intersection of the
curve 3 x 2 − xy + 3 y 2 + 2 x − 3 y + 4 = 0 and the line 2x+3y=k are perpendicular
then prove that 6k2-5k+52=0.
6. Show that the lines joining the origin with the points of intersection of the
curve 7 x 2 − 4 xy + 8 y 2 + 2 x − 4 y − 8 = 0 with the line 3x-y=2 are mutually
perpendicular.

DIRECTION COSINES AND DIRECTION RATIOS

1. Find the direction cosines of two lines which are connected by relations
l+m+n=0 and mn-2nl-2lm=0.
2. Find the angle between two diagonals of a cube.
3. If a ray makes the angles α , β , γ and δ with four diagonals of a cube then find
cos 2 α + cos2 β + cos2 γ + cos2 δ .
4. Find the angle between the lines whose direction cosines are given by the
equations 3l+m+5n=0 and 6mn-2nl+5lm=0.
5. Find the angle between the lines whose direction cosines satisfy the
equations l+m+n=0, l2+m2-n2=0.

MAXIMA ANS MINIMA

1. Show that the area of a rectangle inscribed in a circle is maximum when it is

a square.
2. Show that the semi-vertical angle of the right circular cone of maximum
volume and of given slant height is tan −1 2 .
3. Show that when the curved surface of right circular cylinder inscribed in a
sphere of radius ‘R’ is maximum, then the height of the cylinder is 2R .
4. A window is in the shape of a rectangle surrounded by a semicircle. If the
perimeter of the window be 20ft, find the maximum area.
5. From a rectangular sheet of dimensions 30cmX80cm, four equal squares of
side Xcm, are removed at the corners and the sides are then turned up so as
to form an open rectangular box. Find the value of x, so that the volume of
the box is the greatest.
6. Find the absolute maximum value and the absolute minimum value of the
function f(x)=x+sin2x in [0,2 Π ].
7. Find the dimensions of the greatest cylinder that can be inscribed in a sphere
of radius a.

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

LOCUS(4M)

1. A(5,3) and B(3,-2) are two fixed points. Find the equation of locus of P, so that
the area of triangle PAB is 9sq.units.
2. A(1,2) , B(2,-3) and C(-2,3) are three points. A point ‘P’ moves such that
PA2+PB2=2PC2, show that equation of locus of P is 7x-7y+4=0.
3. Find the equation of locus of P, if the line segment joining (2,3) and (-1,5)
subtends a right angle at P.
4. Find the equation of locus of P, if A(2,3), B(2,-3) and PA+PB=8.
5. Find the equation of locus of P, the difference of whose distances from (-5,0)
and (5,0) is 8.
6. Find the equation of locus of P, if the ratio of the distance from P to (5,-4) and
(7,6) is 2:3.

CHANGE OF AXES

1. When the axes are rotated through an angle 450, the transformed equation of
curve 17 x 2 − 16 xy + 17 y 2 = 225 . Find the original equation of the curve.
2. When the axes are rotated through an angle π 6 , find the transformed
equation of x 2 + 2 3 xy − y 2 = 2a2 .
3. When the axes are rotated through an angle π 4 . Find the transformed
equation of 3 x 2 + 10 xy + 3 y 2 = 9 .
1  2h 
4. Show that the axes are to be rotated through an angle of tan −1   so as
2  a −b 
to remove the xy term from the equation ax 2 + 2hxy + by 2 = 0 , if a ≠ b and
through an angle π 4 , if a=b.
5. When the origin is shifted to (2,3), if the transformed equation of curve is
x 2 + 3 xy − 2 y 2 + 17 x − 7 y − 11 = 0 . Find the original equation of the curve.
6. When the axes are rotated through an angle α , find the transformed
equation x cos α + y sin α = p .
7. When the origin is shifted (-1,2) by the translation of axes, find the
transformed equation of x 2 + y 2 + 2 x − 4 y + 1 = 0 .

PARTIAL DIFFERENTIATION

−1  x3 + y3 
1. If u = tan   , show that xu x + yu y = sin 2u .
 x+ y 
−1  x − y 
3 3
2. If u = tan  3 3  , show that
xu x + yu y = 0 .
x +y 
1
3. Using Euler’s theorem show that xu x + yu y = tan u , for the function
2
 x+ y 
u = sin −1 
 x + y  .
 
4. If u = sin
−1
( )
x + y then show that xu x + yu y =
1
2
tan u .

5. If z = log(tan x + tan y ) , show that (sin 2 x ) Z x + (sin 2 y ) Z y = 2 .

6. State and prove Euler’s theorem.
x+ y
7. If the function e x + y + f ( x ) + g ( y ) , show that Z xy = e .
8. Show that for the function f = log( x + y ), f xx + f yy = 0 .
2 2

−1  y
9. If the function f = tan   , show that f xx + f yy = 0 .
x
10. Verify Eulers theorem for the functions
x2 + y2
a. f ( x, y ) =
x+ y
x2 y
b. f ( x, y ) = 3
x + y3
11. u=logv, v(x,y) homogenous function of degree ‘x’, then prove that f xx + f yy = n

VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

3D – GEOMETRY

1. The centroid of the triangle whose vertices are (5,4,6), (1,-1,3) and (4,3,2).
2. Find the fourth vertex of the parallelogram whose consecutive vertices are
(2,4,1), (3,6,-1) and (4,5,1).
3. If (3,2,-1), (4,1,1) and (6,2,5) are the three vertices and (4,2,2) is the centroid
of a tetrahedron, find the fourth vertex.
4. Find the value of t, the points (2,-1,3), (3,-5,t) and (-1,11,9).are collinear.
5. Find the coordinates of the vertex ‘C’ of triangle ABC if its centroid is the
origin and the vertices A,B are (1,1,1) and (-2,4,1) respectively.
6. Find the ratio in which YZ – plane divides the line joining A(2,4,5) and B(3,5,-
4). Also find the point of intersection.
7. Find ‘x’, if the distance between (5,-1,7) and (x,5,1) is 9.
8. If P(2,3,-6), Q(3,-4,5) then find the angle POQ where O is the origin.
9. Find centroid of tetrahedron with vertices (2,3,-4), (-3,3,-2) (-1,4,2) and
(3,5,1).
10.Show that the points A(3,2,-4), B(5,4,-6) and (9,8,-10) are collinear and find
____
the ratio in which B divides AC .

THE PLANE (2M)

1. Reduce the equation x + 2 y −3 z − 6 = 0 of the plane in to the normal form.

2. Find the intercepts of the plane 4 x + 3 y − 2 z + 2 = 0 on the coordinate axes.
3. Find the angle between the planes x + 2 y + 2 z −5 = 0 and 3 x + 3 y + 2 z −8 = 0 .
4. Find the direction cosines of the normal to the plane x + 2 y + 2 z − 4 = 0 .
5. Find the equation to the plane parallel to ZX – plane and passing through (0,
4, 4).
6. Find the equation of the plane whose intercepts on X, Y, Z – axes are 1, 2, 4
respectively.
7. Find the equation of plane passing through the point (1, 1, 1) and parallel to
the plane x + 2 y + 3 z − 7 = 0 .
8. Find the constant k so that the planes x − 2 y + kz = 0 and 2 x + 2 y − z = 0 are at
right angles.
9. Find the equation of the plane passing through the point (-2, 1, 3) and having
(3,-5, 4) as direction ratios of its normal.
10.Find the direction cosines of the line joining the points (7, 1, -4), (5, -2, -3).

LIMITS

lt sin( x −1)
1. Evaluate .
x − > 1 x 2 −1
lt 11 x 3 − 3 x 2 + 4
2. Evaluate .
x − > ∞ 13 x 3 − 5 x 2 − 7
lt  cos ax − cos bx 
3. Evaluate  
x− > 0  x2 
lt  1 + x −1 
4. Find  
x− > 0  x 
 
lt  3 x −1 
5. Find 
 1 + x −1  
x− > 0
 
lt sin( a + bx ) − sin( a − bx )
6. Find
x− > 0 x
−x
lt e − 1
7. Compute
x − > 0 1 + x −1
lt a x −1
8. Compute
x − > 0 b x −1
9. Find
lt
x − > ∞ ( x + x − x)
2

lt cos x
10.Find x − > π π .
(x − )
2 2
11.Find
lt 3 1 + x −3 1 − x
.
x− > 0 x
lt x −2
12.Show that x − > 2 − = −1
x −2
lt tan( x − a )
13.
x− > a x 2 − a 2
x lt does not exist.
14.If f ( x ) = then show that
x x− > 0
 CONTINUITY

 s i n2 x
1. If ‘f’ is defined by f ( x) =  x continuous at ‘0’?

 0
 c oa s−x c ob sx
 2
2. Show that f ( x) =  x where a and b are real
1
 (b2 − a2 )
2
constants, is continuous at ‘0’.

3. If ‘f’ given by f ( x) =
 k 2
x− k
2 is a continuous function on R, then


find the values of k.
 ( x 2 − 9)
 2
 ( x − 2 x − 3)
4. Check the continuity of ‘f’ given by f ( x) = 
 1.5


at the point 3.
5. Check the continuity of the following function at ‘2’

1 2
 2 ( x − 4)

f ( x) = 
0
 2 − 8x − 3

FEW MORE IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS
 PAIR OF STRAIGHT LINES.

1. Show that the product of the perpendicular distances from a point (α, β ) to
aα 2 + 2hαβ + bβ 2
the pair of straight line ax 2 + 2hxy + by 2 = 0 is .
2
( a − b) + 4h
2

2. If the equation ax + 2hxy + by = 0 represents a pair of distinct lines , then they

2 2

combined equation of the pair of bisectors of the angles between them lines
id\s h( x 2 − y 2 ) = ( a −b) xy .
3. Show that the area of the triangle formed by the lines ax 2 + 2hxy + by 2 = 0 and
n n 2 −ab
lx+my+n=0 is .
am 2 −2hlm +bl 2

DIFFERENTIATION

−1
 1+ x2 + 1− x2  dy
1. If y = tan   for 0 < x <1, find .
 1 + x 2 − 1 − x 2  dx
dy
2. If y = x a 2 + x 2 + a 2 log( x + a 2 + x 2 ) then prove that = 2 a2 + x2 .
dx
dy
3. If y =x tan x + (sin x ) cos x , find .
dx
−1  3 x − x  −1  4 x − 4 x 
3 3
−1  2 x  dy 1
4. If y = tan   + tan 
 1 − 3x 2  − tan 
1 − 6x2 + x4  then show that =
1 − x 
2
    dx 1 + x 2
.

TANGENTS AND NORMALS

1. If the tangent at any point on the curve x 3 + y 3 = a 3 intersects the coordinate

axes in A and B, then show that the length AB is constant.
2. Show that the curves y 2 = 4( x +1) and y 2 = 36 (9 − x) intersects orthogonally.
3. If the tangent at any point P on the curve x m y n = a m +n (mn ≠ 0) meets the
coordinate axes in A and B then show that AP: BP constant.

SHORT QUESTIONS

STRAIGHT LINES

1. Find the value of k, if the lines 2 x −3 y + k = 0,3 x − 4 y −13 = 0 and

8 x −11 y −33 = 0 are concurrent.
π
2. A straight line through Q ( 3 ,2) makes an angle with the positive direction
6
of the x-axis. If the straight line intersects the line 3 x −4 y +8 =0 at P, find
the distance PQ.
3. Transform the equation 3 x +y =4 in to
a. Slope intercepts form.
b. Intercept form.
c. Normal form.
x y
4. Transform the equation + =1 in to the normal form a>0 and b>0. If the
a b
perpendicular distance of the straight line from the origin is P, deduce that
1 1 1
= + .
p2 a2 b2
5. If the straight lines ax+by+c=0, bx+cy+a=0 and cx+ay+b=0 are
concurrent, then prove that a 3 + b 3 + c 3 = 3abc .

DIFFERENTIATION

dy log x
6. If e y = e x −y then show that = .
dx (1 + log x ) 2
dy sin 2 ( a + y )
7. If siny=xsin(a+y), then show that = .
dx sin a
8. Find the derivative of the following functions from the first principle w.r.to x.

a. Cos2x b. tan2x c. sec3x 4. Cos(ax).

 1 + x −1 
−1
2

9. If f ( x ) = tan   , g ( x ) = tan −1 x then differentiate f(x) with respect to


 x 

g(x).

RATE MEASURE

1. Sand is poured from a pipe at the rate of 12c/sec. The falling sand forms a
cone on the ground in such a way that the height of the cone is always one-
sixth of the radius of the base. How fast is height of the sand cone increasing
when the height is 4cm?
2. The displacement ‘S’ of a particle travelling in a straight line in ‘t’ seconds is
given by s = 45 t +11t 2 − t 3 . Find the time when the particle comes to rest.
3. A man 180cm high walks at uniform rate of 12km per hour away from a lamp
post of 450cm high. Find the rate at which the length of his shadow
increases.
4. A man 6ft high walks at a uniform rate of 4 miles per hour away from a lamp
20ft high. Find the rate at which the length of his shadow increases. (One
mile = 5280ft).

VERY SHORT QUESTIONS.

STRAIGHT LINE

1. If the area of triangle formed by the straight lines x=0, y=0 and
3x+4y=a(a>0) is 6. Find the value of ‘a’.
2. Find the equation of the straight line passing through (-4, 5) and cutting off
equal non zero intercepts on the co-ordinate axes.
3. Find the distance between the parallel straight lines 5x-3y-4=0, 10x-6y-9=0.
4. Find the value of y, if the line joining (3,y) and (2,7) is parallel to the line
joining the points (-1, 4) and (0,6).
5. Find the equations of the straight lines passing through the origin and making
equal angles with the co-ordinate axes.
6. Find the value of k, if the straight lines 6x-10y+3=0 and kx-5y+8=0 are
parallel.

DIFFERENTIATION

dy
1. If x 3 + y 3 −3axy = 0 , find .
dx
2. If y = ax n +1 +bx −n then prove that x 2 y = n(n +1) y .
3. If f ( x) = log(sec x + tan x) , find f 1 ( x ) .
4. Find the derivative of the following functions w.r.to x.
a. cos −1 (4 x 3 −3 x)
1 − cos x
b. tan −1 .
1 + cos x
5. If f ( x ) =1 + x + x 2 +...... x100 then find f 1 (1) .
3
6. If f ( x ) = 7 x(x>0), then find f 1 ( x ) .
+2 x

dy
7. If y =sec( tan x ) , find .
dx
8. Differentiate f(x), with respect to g(x) if f(x)=ex, g(x)= x.

ERRORS AND APPROXIMATIONS

1. Find dy and ∆y if y=x2+2x, when x=5, ∆x =-0.1.

1
2. Find dy and ∆y if y= when x=2, ∆x =0.002.
x
3. Find dy and ∆y if y=x2+3x+6, when x=10, ∆x =0.01.
4. If the increase in the side of a square of 1%. Find the percentage of change in
the area of the square.

TANGENTS AND NORMALS

1. Show that the length of the sub normal at any point on the curve y2=4ax is a
constant.
2. Find the points at which the tangent to the curve y = x 3 −3 x 2 −9 x + 7 is parallel
to the x-axis.
3. Find the equation of tangent and normal to the curve y = x 3 + 4x 2 at (-1,3)