In this Document

Goal
Fix
How to move a database using transportable tablespaces:
Assumptions:
Metadata residing in the system or sysaux tablespaces:
System-owned objects in the system or sysaux tablespaces:
Databases using text indexes and spatial indexes
Text:
Spatial:
1. Stop materialized view refresh jobs:
2. Check endianness:
3. Create list of tablespaces and par files
A. Run this script to list all of the tablespaces that are available to be
transported and their block sizes:
B. Ensure you have a valid directory for datapump:
C. Run the following script to create TTS export, and TTS import Data Pump
parameter files.
4. Check for user-created objects in the system and sysaux tablespaces:
5. Create the 'Create user script':
6. Check containment:
7. Export source metadata:
8. Check for tablespaces using a non-default block size. These tablespaces will
need a db_nK_cache_size parameter at the target database to support the
tablespace.
9. Create tablespace scripts:
A. This script creates the tts_tsro.sql script from the source database. Use this
script to set all tablespaces to be transported to READ ONLY mode.
B. Run script tts_tsro.sql to set the tablespaces to be transported to read only
mode.
C. This script creates the tts_tsrw.sql script. Use script tts_tsrw.sql later in
step 13 to set all tablespaces to READ WRITE mode after the transport
tablespace import process.
D. Save script tts_tsrw.sql to be run on the destination database later in step
13.
10. Export the tablespaces:
11. Endianness conversion:
12. Copy the following files to a place that is accessible to the destination
database.
13. Add the db_32k_cache_size parameter to the target database to support the
BIG_DATA tablespace being transported from step 8.

14. Create users:

15. Import the tablespaces:
16. Make tablespace read write:
17. Import source metadata:
18. Verification:
A. At the source database:
B. Export table t1 to destination database.
C. Import table t1 into destination database.
D. At destination database:
References

APPLIES TO:
Oracle Database - Enterprise Edition - Version 10.1.0.2 to 11.2.0.0 [Release 10.1 to
11.2]
Information in this document applies to any platform.

GOAL
Explains how to move a database using Transportable Tablespaces.

FIX
How to move a database using transportable tablespaces:

Moving data using transportable tablespaces can be faster than performing

either a full export/import or unload/load of the same data. This is because the
datafiles containing all of the actual data are just copied to the destination
location, and you use the datapump export/import utility to transfer only the
metadata of the tablespace objects to the new database.

It is important to remember that you cannot import a tablespace if it already

exists in the destination database. For example, if you are trying to transport
the 'USERS' tablespace from the source, and if 'USERS' already exists in the
destination - you will get an error upon import.

We will also need to ensure that the users, who currently own these objects in
the source database, are created in the destination database prior to the
tablespaces being moved. There is a script provided to do this. An alternative
would be to use the 'Remap_Schema' parameter to put the objects into a
different schema.

Assumptions:

This examples also assumes you want to transport all user tablespaces to the
new database and that there is a destination database already created. If there
are tablespaces that you do not wish to transport, then it will be your
responsibility to properly edit the 'par' files to exclude the unwanted tablespaces
and their associated datafiles.

Metadata residing in the system or sysaux tablespaces:

Database metadata includes views, synonyms, type definitions, database links, PL/SQL
packages, roles, Java classes, privileges, sequences, and other objects. Running a full
database, metadata-only import creates database metadata that is not automatically
created in the target database by the transport process. This will be accomplished with
a separate import process.
System-owned objects in the system or sysaux tablespaces:
Some applications create tables and indexes owned by the SYSTEM user that are
required for proper application functionality. To properly identify these objects requires
application-specific knowledge. You must move these objects to the target database
manually with Data Pump or manually re-create the objects after performing the
database upgrade.
Databases using text indexes and spatial indexes
Users such as 'CTXSYS, 'ORDSYS', 'MDSYS', 'ORDPLUGINS', 'LBACSYS', 'XDB',
'SI_INFORMTN_SCHEMA', 'DIP', 'DMSYS', 'DBSNMP are treated as objects owned by
'SYS' and not exported.
See Document 228482.1 Schemas CTXSYS MDSYS ORDSYS Are Not Exported
Text:
User-created TEXT indexes will only export/import if the target database has Text
installed.
Spatial:
SDO_UTIL.PREPARE_FOR_TTS will need to be run first if exporting from a source
database that is 10.2 or 11.1. It is not needed for 11.2.
SDO_UTIL.INITIALIZE_INDEXES_FOR_TTS will be needed if the endianess will be
changing. See following note for details:

Note 861911.1 Spatial Indexes And Transportable Tablespaces In The 11gR2 Release
1. Stop materialized view refresh jobs:
Stop all the mview refresh jobs. Once the data is imported to the new database , you
should check the refresh jobs. For the mviews that don't refresh, you can drop the
mview with 'Preserve Table' and then recreate the mview 'on prebuilt table' to enable
the job again.
drop materialized view <mview_name> preserve table;
Create materialized view <mview_name> on prebuilt table;

Note: You must lock the master table or guarantee there are no changes to it from the
time you stop the mview refresh jobs until the time you refresh it again in the new db.
You should also stop all refresh jobs and make sure the mviews are up to date before
the tts process is started.
2. Check endianness:
Determine the endian format of both the source and destination databases with the
following queries. If the endianess is different, the RMAN CONVERT DATAFILE must be
used to convert the datafiles to the endian format of the destination database.
SQL> connect / as sysdba
SQL> -- This list taken from 11.2.0.3. Older RDBMS versions may
contain fewer platforms.
SQL> -- The list will not contain the platform info for the database
from which you are running the query.
SQL> col platform_name for a35
SQL> select * from v$transportable_platform order by platform_id;
PLATFORM_ID
----------1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

PLATFORM_NAME
----------------------------------Solaris[tm] OE (32-bit)
Solaris[tm] OE (64-bit)
HP-UX (64-bit)
HP-UX IA (64-bit)
HP Tru64 UNIX
AIX-Based Systems (64-bit)
Microsoft Windows IA (32-bit)
Microsoft Windows IA (64-bit)
IBM zSeries Based Linux
Linux IA (32-bit)
Linux IA (64-bit)
Microsoft Windows x86 64-bit

ENDIAN_FORMAT
-------------Big
Big
Big
Big
Little
Big
Little
Little
Big
Little
Little
Little

13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

Linux x86 64-bit

Linux x86 32-bit
HP Open VMS
Apple Mac OS
Solaris Operating System (x86)
IBM Power Based Linux
HP IA Open VMS
Solaris Operating System (x86-64)
Apple Mac OS (x86-64)

Little
Little
Little
Big
Little
Big
Little
Little
Little

SQL> -- You can easily find the platform info for the database running
the above query by using the following SQL:
SQL> SELECT tp.platform_id,substr(d.PLATFORM_NAME,1,30), ENDIAN_FORMAT
FROM V$TRANSPORTABLE_PLATFORM tp, V$DATABASE d
WHERE tp.PLATFORM_NAME = d.PLATFORM_NAME;

The output of the query can change with version. So please use the query above to find
the current support platforms. In previous releases, the transportable tablespace
feature allowed the transfer between platforms of the same architecture only.
At the source database:
3. Create list of tablespaces and par files
A. Run this script to list all of the tablespaces that are available to be transported
and their block sizes:
select tablespace_name, block_size
from dba_tablespaces
where tablespace_name not in ('SYSTEM','SYSAUX')
and contents = 'PERMANENT';

NOTE: You will need to review the results of this query and verify the block size for all
tablespaces that you are going to Transport. If there are any using a non-standard
block size, you will need to add to the target database the init
parameter, db_nK_cache_size (where 'n' is the desired block size), to support the
transported tablespace. This must be done prior to the TTS import.
B. Ensure you have a valid directory for datapump:
Run the following query to determine the location of DATA_PUMP_DIR:
SELECT * FROM DBA_DIRECTORIES WHERE DIRECTORY_NAME = 'DATA_PUMP_DIR';
OWNER
DIRECTORY_NAME
DIRECTORY_PATH
---------- ---------------- ----------------------------------SYS
DATA_PUMP_DIR
C:\app\orauser\admin\orawin\dpdump\

You can also create a directory to a different location if you like and grant rights to the
directory to the user running the exports/imports using the following syntax:
Create directory DATA_PUMP_DIR as

/usr/apps/datafiles;

GRANT read, write on directory DATA_PUMP_DIR TO scott;

Reference: Oracle DataPump Quick Start (Doc ID 413965.1)

C. Run the following script to create TTS export, and TTS import Data Pump
parameter files.
connect / as sysdba
REM
REM Create TTS Data Pump export and import PAR files
REM
set feedback off trimspool on
set serveroutput on size 1000000
REM
REM Data Pump parameter file for TTS export
REM
spool dp_ttsexp.par
declare
tsname varchar(30);
i number := 0;
begin
dbms_output.put_line('directory=DATA_PUMP_DIR');
dbms_output.put_line('dumpfile=dp_tts.dmp');
dbms_output.put_line('logfile=dp_ttsexp.log');
dbms_output.put_line('transport_full_check=no');
dbms_output.put('transport_tablespaces=');
for ts in
(select tablespace_name from dba_tablespaces
where tablespace_name not in ('SYSTEM','SYSAUX')
and contents = 'PERMANENT'
order by tablespace_name)
loop
if (i!=0) then
dbms_output.put_line(tsname||',');
end if;
i := 1;
tsname := ts.tablespace_name;
end loop;
dbms_output.put_line(tsname);
dbms_output.put_line('');
end;
/
spool off
REM

REM Data Pump parameter file for TTS import

REM
spool dp_ttsimp.par
declare
fname varchar(513);
i number := 0;
begin
dbms_output.put_line('directory=DATA_PUMP_DIR');
dbms_output.put_line('dumpfile=dp_tts.dmp');
dbms_output.put_line('logfile=dp_ttsimp.log');
dbms_output.put('transport_datafiles=');
for df in
(select file_name from dba_tablespaces a, dba_data_files b
where a.tablespace_name = b.tablespace_name
and a.tablespace_name not in ('SYSTEM','SYSAUX')
and contents = 'PERMANENT'
order by a.tablespace_name)
loop
if (i!=0) then
dbms_output.put_line(''''||fname||''',');
end if;
i := 1;
fname := df.file_name;
end loop;
dbms_output.put_line(''''||fname||'''');
dbms_output.put_line('');
end;
/

4. Check for user-created objects in the system and sysaux tablespaces:

Since objects in the system and sysaux tablespaces are not transported, you will want
to check for user-created objects that may be in these two tablespaces with this script:
select owner, segment_name, segment_type from dba_segments where
tablespace_name in ('SYSTEM', 'SYSAUX') and owner not in (select name
from system.logstdby$skip_support
where action=0);

You must move the identified objects to a user tablespace prior to beginning the
transport process so the objects can be transported by TTS. Alternatively, you can
move the objects separately with Data Pump or you can manually re-create them after
performing the database upgrade.
5. Create the 'Create user script':
Run the following commands at the source database to generate a 'create user' script
to be used at the destination database to create the users prior to the TTS import. A

subsequent metadata import, run after the TTS, will reset these accounts to their
original passwords and default tablespaces.
connect / as sysdba
spool def_Tbs.sql
select 'CREATE USER '||username||' IDENTIFIED BY test DEFAULT
TABLESPACE SYSTEM;' from dba_users where username not in ('SYS',
'SYSTEM',
'DBSNMP','SYSMAN','OUTLN','MDSYS','ORDSYS','EXFSYS','DMSYS','WMSYS','C
TXSYS','ANONYMOUS','XDB','ORDPLUGINS','OLAPSYS','PUBLIC');
spool off

6. Check containment:
Run this script for the DBMS_TTS.TRANSPORT_SET_CHECK function to perform the
self-containment check for the list of tablespaces to be transported.
connect / as sysdba
declare
checklist varchar2(4000);
i number := 0;
begin
for ts in
(select tablespace_name
from dba_tablespaces
where tablespace_name not in ('SYSTEM','SYSAUX') and contents =
'PERMANENT')
loop
if (i=0) then
checklist := ts.tablespace_name;
else
checklist := checklist||','||ts.tablespace_name;
end if;
i := 1;
end loop;
dbms_tts.transport_set_check(checklist,TRUE,TRUE);
end;
/
select * from transport_set_violations;

Any violations listed must be resolved before the tablespaces are transportable. See
note
Note.114915.1 Ext/Pub Using Dbms_tts.transport_set_check Results in Entry in
Transport_set_violations:

7. Export source metadata:

Export metadata from the source database. After the tablespaces are transported, the
metadata will be imported into the target database to create the remaining metadata
that was not transported. Perform no DDL at the source database after this step. This
command will create a dump file for the metadata.
-- example
$ expdp system/<password> DIRECTORY=DATA_PUMP_DIR
LOGFILE=dp_fullexp_meta.log DUMPFILE=dp_full.dmp FULL=y
CONTENT=METADATA_ONLY

Copy the resulting dump file; dp_full.dmp to the target database.

8. Check for tablespaces using a non-default block size. These tablespaces will
need a db_nK_cache_size parameter at the target database to support the
tablespace.
-- Example
show parameter cache_size;
NAME
TYPE
VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ----------------------------client_result_cache_size
big integer 0
db_16k_cache_size
big integer 0
db_2k_cache_size
big integer 0
db_32k_cache_size
big integer 1024M
db_4k_cache_size
big integer 0
db_8k_cache_size
big integer 0
db_cache_size
big integer 16G
db_keep_cache_size
big integer 16G
db_recycle_cache_size
big integer 0
select tablespace_name, block_size from dba_tablespaces;
TABLESPACE_NAME
BLOCK_SIZE
------------------------------ ---------SYSTEM
8192
SYSAUX
8192
UNDOTBS1
8192
TEMP
8192
USERS
8192
USER_DATA
8192
BIG_DATA
32768

If the tablespace (in this case BIG_DATA )with a 32k block size is being transported,
you will need to create a 32k cache in the target database. We will do this in Step 13.
9. Create tablespace scripts:
A. This script creates the tts_tsro.sql script from the source database. Use this
script to set all tablespaces to be transported to READ ONLY mode.
connect / as sysdba
set heading off
feedback off
trimspool on
linesize 500
spool tts_tsro.sql
prompt /* =================================== */
prompt /* Make all user tablespaces READ ONLY */
prompt /* =================================== */
select 'ALTER TABLESPACE ' || tablespace_name || ' READ ONLY;' from
dba_tablespaces
where tablespace_name not in ('SYSTEM','SYSAUX')
and contents = 'PERMANENT';
spool off

B. Run script tts_tsro.sql to set the tablespaces to be transported to read only

mode.
SQL> @tts_tsro.sql;

C. This script creates the tts_tsrw.sql script. Use script tts_tsrw.sql later in step
13 to set all tablespaces to READ WRITE mode after the transport tablespace
import process.
connect / as sysdba
set heading off
feedback off
trimspool on
linesize 500
spool tts_tsrw.sql
prompt /* ==================================== */
prompt /* Make all user tablespaces READ WRITE */
prompt /* ==================================== */
select 'ALTER TABLESPACE ' || tablespace_name || ' READ WRITE;' from
dba_tablespaces
where tablespace_name not in ('SYSTEM','SYSAUX')
and contents = 'PERMANENT';
spool off

D. Save script tts_tsrw.sql to be run on the destination database later in step 13.
10. Export the tablespaces:
Invoke the Data Pump export utility on the host system and specify which tablespaces
are in the transportable set.
SQL>HOST
$ EXPDP system/<password> parfile=dp_ttsexp.par

11. Endianness conversion:

If the tablespaces are being transported to a different platform, and the endianness of
the platforms is different, then convert the datafiles composing the tablespaces.
You can find the list of tablespaces in the parfile that was created. For a simple
example, we used the 'sales_1 and sales_2 tablespaces below:
From SQL*Plus, return to the host system:
SQL> HOST

Start RMAN and connect to the source database:

$ RMAN TARGET /

Use the RMAN CONVERT TABLESPACE command to convert the datafiles into a
temporary location on the source platform. In this example, assume that the temporary
location, directory /tmp, has already been created. The converted datafiles are assigned
names by the system. If you have a large amount of tablespaces to convert, you can
issue multiple 'CONVERT TABLESPACE' commands.
--Example
RMAN> CONVERT TABLESPACE sales_1,sales_2
2> TO PLATFORM 'Microsoft Windows IA (32-bit)'
3> FORMAT '/tmp/%U';

RMAN> exit
Recovery Manager complete.

See Also:
Oracle Database Backup and Recovery Reference for a description of the RMAN
CONVERT command

12. Copy the following files to a place that is accessible to the destination
database.
dp_ttsimp.par import parameter file
def_Tbs.sql

create user script

dp_full.dmp

metadata dump file

tts_tsrw.sql

script to make tablespaces read write

If your datafiles are on ASM, you will need to use Dbms_file_transfer to move them to
the destination database as seen in note:
How to Create Transportable Tablespaces Where the Source and Destination are ASMBased (Doc ID 394798.1)
Copy the datafiles of the tablespaces to a place that is accessible to the destination
database. To accomplish this, do one of the following:
If no endianness conversion of the tablespace set is needed, or if you already converted
the tablespace set:
Copy the dump file to the directory pointed to by the DATA_PUMP_DIR directory object,
or to any other directory object of your choosing. Run the following query to determine
the location of DATA_PUMP_DIR:
SELECT * FROM DBA_DIRECTORIES WHERE DIRECTORY_NAME = 'DATA_PUMP_DIR';
OWNER
DIRECTORY_NAME
DIRECTORY_PATH
---------- ---------------- ----------------------------------SYS
DATA_PUMP_DIR
C:\app\orauser\admin\orawin\dpdump\

On the UNIX and Linux platforms, the datafile location is typically

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/SID/ or +DISKGROUP/SID/datafile/.
Note:
If you converted the datafiles, obtain the new names and locations of the datafiles from
the CONVERT TABLESPACE command output.
See Also:
DBMS_FILE_TRANSFER Feature in Oracle 10g (Doc ID 283991.1)

AT the Destination database:

13. Add the db_32k_cache_size parameter to the target database to support the
BIG_DATA tablespace being transported from step 8.
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET db_32k_cache_size='1024M' SCOPE=BOTH;

14. Create users:

Create the users on the destination database for the objects being imported.
SQL>@def_Tbs.sql

(previously created in step 5)

15. Import the tablespaces:

Run Data Pump on the target system to import the tablespaces. Keep in mind that you
will get an error on the import if any tablespaces already exist in the destination
database. Import the tablespaces using the Data Pump Import utility, impdp:
SQL> host
IMPDP system/<password> parfile=dp_ttsimp.par

16. Make tablespace read write:

Run the tts_tsrw.sql script created in step 7C to make the new tablespaces read write.
SQL> @tts_tsrw.sql;

17. Import source metadata:

Import Source Database Metadata into Target Database
$ impdp system/<password> DIRECTORY=DATA_PUMP_DIR
LOGFILE=dp_fullexp_meta.log DUMPFILE=dp_full.dmp FULL=y
CONTENT=METADATA_ONLY

18. Verification:
A. At the source database:
We assume TEMP and UNDO are the names used for your temp and undo tablespaces,
if they are different you will need to edit the script.
set trim on trims on pagesize 150 linesize 999
col owner for a15
col tablespace_name for A30

col segment_name for a30

col segment_type for a16
Create table t1 as
select tablespace_name, owner, segment_name, segment_type,
(bytes/1048576) Size_Mbytes from dba_segments where tablespace_name
not in ('SYSTEM','SYSAUX','UNDO','TEMP') and owner not in
('SYS','SYSTEM','DBSNMP','SYSMAN','OUTLN','MDSYS','ORDSYS','EXFSYS','D
MSYS','WMSYS','CTXSYS','ANONYMOUS','XDB','ORDPLUGINS','OLAPSYS','PUBLI
C') order by tablespace_name, owner, segment_name, segment_type;

B. Export table t1 to destination database.

expdp system/<password> directory=data_pump_dir logfile=dp_exp_t1.log
dumpfile=dp_t1.dmp tables=T1;

C. Import table t1 into destination database.

impdp system/<password> directory=data_pump_dir logfile=dp_imp_t1.log
dumpfile=dp_t1.dmp tables=T1;

D. At destination database:
set
col
col
col
col

trim on trims on pagesize 150 linesize 999

owner for a15
tablespace_name for A30
segment_name for a30
segment_type for a16

Create table t2 as
select tablespace_name, owner, segment_name, segment_type,
(bytes/1048576) Size_Mbytes from dba_segments where tablespace_name
not in ('SYSTEM','SYSAUX','UNDO','TEMP') and owner not in
('SYS','SYSTEM','DBSNMP','SYSMAN','OUTLN','MDSYS','ORDSYS','EXFSYS','D
MSYS','WMSYS','CTXSYS','ANONYMOUS','XDB','ORDPLUGINS','OLAPSYS','PUBLI
C') order by tablespace_name, owner, segment_name, segment_type;
select * from t1 where (segment_name) NOT IN ( select segment_name
from t2);

References:
Document 1454872.1 Transportable Tablespace (TTS) Restrictions and
Limitations: Details, Reference, and Version Where Applicable
Master Note for Transportable Tablespaces (TTS) -- Common Questions and
Issues (Doc ID 1166564.1)
Note.114915.1 Ext/Pub Using Dbms_tts.transport_set_check Results in Entry in
Transport_set_violations
Note 228482.1 Schemas CTXSYS MDSYS ORDSYS Are Not Exported