PEMICU 5 GIT MEDIANA ADRIANNE

COLON-RECTAL HISTOLOGY

Mucosa : simple columnar ephitelium(4), intestinal glands(5), lamina

propria(6), muscularis mucosa(7)
Submucosa(8) : connective tissue cells and fibers, blood vessel, nerves
Musculars externa(13)
Serosa : viceral peritonium(3), mesentery(17) --> covers the transverse
colon and sigmoid colon.
Colon doesnt have villi or plica circulares
Luminal surface of mucosa is smooth
Mucosa and submucosa --> exhibit temporaly folds
Lamina propria(6) and submucosa(8) are lumpatic nodules(9,11)
Inner circular muscle layer(16) = continuous in the colon wall, whereas
theouter muscle layer is condensed in 3 broad, longitunal bands called
taeniae coli
Outer longitudinal muscle layer(15) = discontinuous, found between
taenia coli (1,10)
Transverse and sigmoid colon are attached to the body wall by
mesentery(18)

Simple columnar ephitelium contains absorptive columnar cells(1) and

mucus-filled goblet cells(2,6) --> increase in number toward the terminal
end of the colon
Absorptive columnar cells = to absorb water and minerals
Goblet cells = produce mucus for lubricating the lumen of the large
intestine to facilitate passage of the feces.
Intestinal glands(4) (crypts of lieberkuhn) --> deep and straight and
extend through the lamina propria(3) to muscularis mucosa(8)
Lamina propria(3) and submucosa(9) = filled w/ aggregations of lymphatic
cells and lymphatic nodules (5,7)

Temporaly fold (9) = mucosa(2-4) + submucosa(5,12)

Serosa(7) = covers connective tissue and adipose cells(17)

Lining ephithelium(1) = contains goblet cells

Lamina propria shows intestinal glands(5) = are less well developed,
shorter, often spaced farther apart than those in colon
Diffuse lymphatic tissue(6) = abundant and often present in the
submucosa
Lymphatic nodules (4,9) w/ germinal centers are numerous and highly
characteristic of the appendix.
Serosa(10) = adipose cells(13)

Surface epithelium(1) of the lumen(5) = simple columnar cells with

striated borders and goblet cells
Intestinal glands(4), adipose cells (12) and lymphatic nodules(10) similar
with colon
Adventitia(9) = covers a portion of the rectum

Anorectal junction(7) = transition from the simple columnar epithelium(1)

to the stratified squamous epithelium(8).
Lamia propria(2) more prominent
Solitary lymphatic nodules911) numerous
Lamina propria(2) of rectum replaced by dense irregular connective tissue
of the lamina propria of the anal canal(9)
Submucosa(5) of the rectum merges with the connective tissue in the
lamina propria of the anal canal, a region that is highly vascular.
Internal hemorrhoidal plexus(10) of veins lies in the mucosa of the anal
canal
Muscularis externa(6) increases in thickness in the upper region of the
anal canal and forms the internal anal sphincter(6)
Lower in the anal canal, the internal anal sphincter(6) is replaced by
skeletal muscles of the external anal sphincter(12)
Internal to the external anal sphincter(12) is the skeletal levator ani
muscle(13)