Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Table of Contents
Material properties ........................................................................................................................................................................5
Timber parameters........................................................................................................................................................................5
Adjusting the parameters for design .............................................................................................................................................7
Performing the check ....................................................................................................................................................................9
Detailed check ..............................................................................................................................................................................9
Introduction to optimisation .........................................................................................................................................................11
Principles of optimisation ............................................................................................................................................................11
Optimisation parameters .............................................................................................................................................................11
Optimising the members .............................................................................................................................................................11
iii
Welcome
Thank you for choosing Scia Engineer.
Module Timber Code Check has been designed to facilitate the often-demanding task of design of timber structures.
You can find more about the company and its products on www.scia-online.com.
Version info
Documentation title
Version
2010.0
Produced
November 2009
Translated
N/A
Software covered
Scia Engineer
Version
2010.0
10.0.25
Introduction
The Scia Engineer Timber Code Check module is a program for the design of timber structures. It consists of stress and
stability verifications of timber members according to the code. It is also possible to search interactively for the lightest
section, which meets the code requirements for selected loadings (optimisation).
The following structural timber design code is supported : Eurocode 5 - EC-ENV.
For more details about the used codes and the theoretical background, we refer to the Theoretical Background manual and
to the code itself.
IMPORTANT: Only straight beams can be checked. The solution for curved beams is not implemented.
Parameters
Material properties
In addition to standard material properties, there are a few extra parameters related to the code check.
Bending (fm, k)
Tension (ft, 0, k)
Compression (fc, 0, k)
Shear (fv, k)
Modulus (E0.05)
Modulus (E 90 mean)
Type of timber
Open the Material manager, e.g. through the tree menu function Library > Materials.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Timber parameters
Gamma m, settings NAD
Ultimate limit states
These parameters represent the box values from EC5, table 2.3.3.2.
fundamental combinations:
timber and wood-based materials
accidental combinations
Calculated
Program takes the greater of the two available values i.e. the
less favourable value.
Program takes the smaller of the two available values i.e. the
more favourable value.
Max. k ratio
Max. slenderness
Check bounds
Individual results of checks for timber members are divided into three groups in accordance with the standard:
unused
optimal
non-satisfying
The items in Check bounds group can be used to set the lower and upper limit. The default values are 0.25 for the lower
limit and 1.0 for the upper limit.
Once the calculation is performed and the results drawn in the graphical window, the adjusted limits control the colour of
result diagram.
Service class setting
1
k mod, k def
For each selected service class you can specify the modification factors k mod depending on the material (Solid and glued
laminated timber, Plywood) and the load duration class (permanent, long-term, medium-term, short term and
instantaneous). (See EC5, table 3.1.7).
For each selected service class you can specify the factors k def depending on the material and the load duration class
(See EC5, table 4.1).
The factor k def is a factor which takes into account the increase in deformation over time due to the combined effect of
creep and moisture.
The load-duration classes are characterized by the effect of a constant load acting for a certain period of time in the life of
the structure.
Time of duration
Examples
permanent
self-weight
long-term
6 months - 10 years
storage
Parameters
medium-term
1 week 6 months
imposed loads
short-term
snow, wind
instantaneous
accidental loads
The load duration class is defined during the input of the load cases.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Code check
Performing the check
The procedure to perform the check
1.
2.
Select function Check (single click on the function is sufficient to invoke the function).
3.
4.
5.
6.
Select the required quantity and if required, make other adjustments in the property window.
7.
8.
IMPORTANT: Only straight beams can be checked. The solution for curved beams is not implemented.
Detailed check
If required, a selected member can be checked in detail. To do so, press button [SnapCheck] in the Action bar of function
Check.
Single cross-section dialogue provides for detailed view of design results.
Text window
This window contains the results of the check for the selected member presented in tabular form.
Graphical window
A simple result diagram is drawn here.
Next/Previous buttons
You may use these buttons to select other members from the project.
View selection
It is possible to view in the text window either the report on the check or a table of internal forces (effects).
Procedure to perform the detailed check
1.
2.
Select function Check (single click on the function is sufficient to invoke the function).
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Optimisation
Introduction to optimisation
Once a structure has been designed and calculated, it is the time to perform checking and usually a kind of optimisation of
the original design.
Scia Engineer contains a powerful tool for this task. The optimisation of applied profiles may be done automatically or semiautomatically. The process of optimisation results in what may be called an economical and good solution.
The optimisation process in Scia Engineer is based on assumptions given in the following chapter.
Principles of optimisation
An optimisation in general represents a complex task. A full, complete and really "optimal" optimisation would usually lead to
a long and often recursive process. Therefore, Scia Engineer implements a kind of compromise.
One optimisation step takes account of a single cross-section only
It is possible to optimise one cross-section at a time. The user selects the cross-section from a list of all cross-sections
applied in the structure.
One optimisation step considers only "selected" members
It is possible to limit the optimisation process to only a selected set of members. The user may make a selection to specify
which beams of the given cross-section should be considered for the optimisation calculations.
One optimisation step affects the whole structure
Once the optimised cross-section is found, it is applied to ALL members in the structure that are of the specified crosssection. It is of no importance whether the optimisation calculation was limited to a selected number of beams or not. The
final effect of the optimisation is that the original cross-section is simply replaced with the new, i.e. optimised, cross-section.
Optimisation parameters
The user may control the process of optimisation by means of a set of parameters.
Check parameter
Maximal check
This parameter tells the program what is the maximal allowable value
for satisfactory checking.
This item shows the found maximal check result for the optimised
cross-section.
Step
Minimum
Maximum
This button enables the user to set manually the required value of
selected dimension (see above).
Next down
Next up
11
2.
3.
4.
In the Property window, go to item Cross-section and select the one you want to optimise.
5.
In the Property window, go to item Selection and set it to User or All, depending on your requirements.
6.
If the item is set to User, make the selection and press button [Esc] to close the selection.
7.
If the item Selection has been re-adjusted, press button [Redraw] in order to refresh the screen and see the
appropriate display.
8.
In the Property window, go to item Optimisation and press the button there.
9.
12