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The simple present tense Verb to be (am, is, are)-Ser o estar.

Affirmative
I am

Negative
Im not

Interrogative
Am I ..?

He is
She is
It is

He isnt
She isnt
It isnt

Is he?
Is she...?
Is it..?

We are
You are
They are

We arent
You arent
They arent

Are we.?
Are you?
Are they?

Verb to have got (have got, has got) Tener

Affirmative
I
You
have got
We
(ve got)
They

Negative
I
You havent got
We
They

He
She
It

He
She
It

has got
(s got)

hasnt got

Interrogative
I
Have You got .?
We
They

Has

He
She got.?
It

Verb go (go, goes) Auxiliary verbs(do, does) Ir * Live (lie, lives) vivir
Affirmative
I
You
go / live
We
They

Negative
I
You dont go / live
We
They

He
She
It

He
She
It

goes / lives

doesnt go / live

Interrogative
I
Do
you go / live?
we
they

Does

he
she go/ live?
it

Functions (Funciones)
Este tiempo verbal se usa para:
Hablar de situaciones permanentes, ej: I live in Rosario
Hablar de costumbres, ej: In Britain we have dinner at six oclock in the evening
Hablar de hbitos, ej: She writes in her diary every day
Hablar de rutinas, ej: She gets up very early every day He swims before lunch
Hablar y preguntar de lo que gusta y no gusta, ej: I like sports Do you like music? Yes, I
do She doesnt like meat
Useful words (palabras o frases tiles)
Frequency adverbs
Always, usually, often, sometimes, rarely, never, etc
Time prepositional phrases
Once
a day
Twice
a week
Three times
a month
Four times
a year
Etc
Every day /morning / afternoon / evening
At weekends
On Mondays / Tuesdays
During the day
In the evenings, afternoons, etc
How often?

The Present Continuous Tense

To play -- (am-is-are playing) -- jugar
Affirmative
Negative
I am playing
Im not playing

Interrogative
Am I playing?

He is playing
She is playing
It is playing

He isnt playing
She isnt playing
It isnt playing

Is he playing.?
Is she playing.?
Is it playing?

We are playing
You are playing
They are playing

We arent playing
You arent playing
They arent playing

Are you playing..?

Are we playing...?
Are they playing.?

Functions (funciones)

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Este tiempo verbal se usa para:
Describir algo que esta pasando en el momento de hablar, ej: Im writing. You are
reading.
Preguntar a cerca de algo que est pasando, ej: What are you doing?
Hablar a cerca de planes futuros, ej: We are playing tennis tomorrow
Preguntar acerca de planes, ej: What are you doing next week-end?
Useful words
(Para hablar del momento o periodo de tiempo en el que se est hablando)
Now (ahora)
At the moment (en este momento)
This week /month/year (esta semana/mes/ao)
Today (hoy)
(Para futuros planes)
Tomorrow (maana)
Next week/month/year/etc (la proxima semana/mes/ao/etc)
At the weekend, On Monday, Saturday, etc

The Past simple tense

Verb to be - was / were - (ser o estar)
Affirmative
Negative
I was
I wasnt
He was
He wasnt
She was
She wasnt
It was
It wasnt

Interrogative
Was I?
Was he?
Was she?
Was it.?

We were
You were
They were

Were we?
Were you..?
Were they..?

We werent
You werent
They werent

Verb to go (went) auxiliary verb did (ir) * to live (vivir)

Affirmative
Negative
Interrogative
I
I
I
You
You
you
He
He
he
She
went/lived
She
didnt go/live
Did
she go/live?
It
It
it
We
We
we
They
They
they
*de esta forma se puede conjugar cualquier otro verbo menos el to be, y los modales: can,
may, could, might, must, should, would, etc los cuales no llevan
auxiliar al preguntar o
negar pues lo hacen por si mismos.
Functions (funciones)

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Este tiempo verbal se usa para:
Hablar de eventos del pasado, ej: We had a great time, yesterday
Preguntar por eventos del pasado, ej: What did Teresa do at the weekend?
Hablar de acciones que pasaron en un periodo de tiempo en el pasado. Ej: I lived in
Mendoza for ten years
Contar historias del pasado, ej: Last Saturday I went downtown with my family. First, we
did some shopping, and then
Useful words
Yesterday (ayer)
Yesterday night, morning, etc (ayer a la noche, a la maana, etc)
Last week, month, year (la semana pasada, el mes pasado, el ao pasado, etc)
Ago (atrs) Ten years ago (diez aos atrs)
In 1989, in the summer, in March (en 1989, en el verano, en Marzo)
This morning, evening, etc (esta maana, tarde, etc)
On Monday morning, on Tuesday evening, etc (lunes a la maana,martes a la tarde, etc)

The Past Continuous tense

Affirmative
I was playing
He was playing
She was playing
It was playing

Negative
I wasnt playing
He wasnt playing
She wasnt playing
It wasnt playing

Interrogative
Was I playing ?
Was he playing?
Was she playing?
Was it playing .?

We were playing
We werent playing
Were we playing .?
You were playing
You werent playing
Were you playing .?
They were playing
They werent playing
Were they playing .?
Functions (funciones)
Este tiempo verbal se usa para:
describir acciones que estaban siendo realizadas en un momento del pasado

The future tense

going to to be +going to+verb = (ir a) (voy a tabajar)
Affirmative

Negative

Interrogative

I am going to work

Im not going to work

Am I going to work?

He
She is going to work
It

He
She isnt going to work
It

he
Is she going to work?
it

You

You

you

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We are going to work
They

We arent going to work

They

Are we going to work?

they

Functions (funciones)
Este tiempo verbal se usa para:
Hablar de intensiones o planes para el futuro ej: Im going to learn to drive.
Hablar de predicciones basadas en algo real ej: Its cloudy. Its going to rain.

Will go (ir)
Affirmative
Negative
Interrogative
I
I
I
You
You
you
He
He
he
She will go (ll go)
She will not go (wont go)
Will she go ?
It
It
it
We
We
you
You
You
we
They
They
they
Functions: (funciones)
Este tiempo verbal se usa para:
Hablar de predicciones sin fundamento ej: Youll get married with a tall man and rich.
Hacer promesas ej: Ill send you a postcard from Spain.
Hablar de hechos reales ej: If it is made of wood, it will float.
Dar ordenens ej: Youll do it this minute.

The present perfect tense

To buy * bought (paticipio pasado)
Affirmative
Negative
I
I
You
You
We have bought
We havent bought
They
You

Interrogative
I
you
have we bought?
they

He
He
he
She has bought
She hasnt bought
Has she bought?
It
It
it
Functions (funciones)
se usa para hablar de cosas que han sucedido en el pasado pero que tienen que ver con el
presente e.g. I have lived in Tres Arroyos since 1978
se usa para hablar de experiencias personales sin ubicarlas en el tiempo exacto sino
hablando desde cuando est ocurriendo o por cuanto tiempo ha sucedido e.g. I have
studied English since 1999

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Useful words
Since (desde) For (por)
Already (ya) Still (aun) Yet (an) para negative y pregunta Just (recin)

Past Perfect Verb Tense

To buy * bought (paticipio pasado)
Affirmative
Negative
I
I
He
He
She
had bought
She
hadnt bought
It
It
You
You
We
We
They
They

Interrogative
I
he
Had she bought?
it
you
we
they

Es un tiempo verbal que expresa acciones que han tenido lugar en el pasado, pero en un pasado
menos reciente que el que se expresa en el Present Perfect. Es lo que se denomina el pasado
del pasado (past in the past). Se forma con el verbo (to) have en pasado, had + el participio
del verbo de la accin: Regular (Infinitivo + ed) o Irregular (tercera columna de la lista de
verbos irregulares).
QUESTION WORDS
What?
What time?
What colour?
What nationality?
What like?
What for?
What with?
Where?
Where..from?
When?
Which?
How?
How old?
How much?
How many?
How often?
How long?
How long?
How far?
Who?
Whofor?

Que / Cual *
Que hora / A que hora
Que color
Que nacionalidad
Como (para describir algo a alguien)
Para que
Con que
Donde
De donde
Cuando
Cual *
Como (generalmente para salud o estado de nimo)
Como de viejo (para la edad)
Cuanto/a
Cuantos/as
Con que frecuencia
Como de largo
Cuanto tiempo
Como de lejos
Quien
Para quien

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Whowith?
Con quien
Whose?
De quien
Why?
Por que (se responde con because..)
* What / Which? significan cual o cuales pero usamos what cuando tenemos muchas
opciones para elegir y which cuando el nmero de elecciones es limitado o pequeo.
Ejemplos
Whats this?
Whats your name?
What time is it?
What time do you get up?
What colour is your car?
What nationality are you?
What is Tres Arroyos like?
What is a screwdriver for?
Where are the children?
Where do you come from?
When is your birthday?
Which colour do you like red or blue?
How are you today?
How old is your mother?

How much does a sweater cost?

How many books are there on the
floor?
How often do you go to church?
How long is the River Nile?
How long are you going to stay in
Buenos Aires?
How far is your house from the city
centre?
Who is that man?
Who do you work for?
Who do you live with?
Whose jeans are these?
Why do you study English?

Comparatives and superlatives

One syllable
One syllable
ending in -e
One syllable
Short vowel +one
consonant
Two syllables
Consonant + y
Two or more
syllables
Irregular

Adjective
Young
Cold
Nice
Late
Wet
Thin
Big
Heavy
Sunny
Attractive
Interesting
Good
Bad
Far

Comparative
Younger than
Colder than
Nicer than
Later than
Wetter than
Thinner than
Bigger than
Heavier than
Sunnier than
More attractive than
More interesting than
Better than
Worse than
Farther than

Superlative
The youngest
The coldest
The nicest
The latest
The wettest
The thinnest
The biggest
The heaviest
The sunniest
The most attractive
The most interesting
The best
The worst
The farthest

PRONOUNS AND ADJECTIVES

Pronombres Pronombres Adjetivos
Personales Acusativos
Posesivos

Pronombres Pronombres
Posesivos
Reflexivos

me

my

mine

myself

you

you

your

yours

yourself

he

him

his

his

himself

she

her

her

hers

herself

it

it

its

--

itself

we

us

our

ours

ourselves

you

you

your

yours

yourselves

they

them

their

theirs

themselves

Pronombres Indefinidos
everybody

nobody

somebody anybody

everyone

no one

someone

everything

nothing

something anything

anyone

Pronombres Relativos
who

which

Pronombres Recprocos
each other / one another

that

whom

whose