Definition of Sentence

1. A sentence is a linguistic unit consisting of one or more words that are

grammatically linked. A sentence can include words grouped meaningfully to
express a statement,question, exclamation, request, command or suggestion.
[1]
A sentence is a set of words that in principle tells a complete thought
(although it may make little sense taken in isolation out of context); thus it
may be a simple phrase, but it conveys enough meaning to imply a clause,
even if it is not explicit. For example, "Two" as a sentence (in answer to the
question "How many were there?") implies the clause "There were two".
Typically a sentence contains a subject and predicate. A sentence can also be
defined purely in orthographic terms, as a group of words starting with a
capital letter and ending in a full stop.
2. A set of words that is complete in itself, typically containing a subject and
predicate, conveying a statement, question, exclamation, or command, and
consisting of a main clause and sometimes one or more subordinate clauses.
3. a word, clause, or phrase or a group of clauses or phrases forming a syntactic
unit which expresses an assertion, a question, a command, a wish, an
exclamation, or the performance of an action, that in writing usually begins
with a capital letter and concludes with appropriate end punctuation, and
that in speaking is distinguished by characteristic patterns of stress, pitch,
and pauses
What Are the Different Parts of a Sentence?
The five main parts of a sentence are:

Subject

Predicate

Clause

Phrase

Modifier
Subject
In general, the subject refers to the part of the sentence which tells whom or what
the sentence is addressing. The subject is going to be either a noun or a noun
phrase.
For example, "Kelly walked down the street." Kelly is the subject, because she is the
actor, or subject, in the sentence.
There are a few different types of subjects. The underlined word is the subject.

Simple subject: Kate is a thin girl.

Full subject: Jeffrey's poem about his mother made the class cry.

Compound subject: Paul and Tommy joined the soccer team at the same
time.
Predicate
Let us return to our example "Kelly walked down the street." In this sentence,
"walked" is the predicate because it is the verb that tells us what Kelly is doing. A
sentence can have just a subject and a predicate. For example, you could just say
"Kelly walked" and you have a complete sentence.

Here are the types of predicates.

Simple predicate: Harry ate his apple.

Full predicate: The mouse slowly ran towards the food.

Compound predicate: She both laughed and cried at the film.

Clause
A clause is usually some sort of additional information to the sentence. We could
say "They like ice cream." However, we could also say "They like ice cream on hot
days." "They like ice cream" can stand by itself, but "on hot days" adds something
extra to the sentence. Therefore, "on hot days" is a clause.
There are two different types of clauses:

Dependent clauses - "On hot days" is an example of a dependent clause

because it could not stand by itself as a sentence.

Independent clauses - "Paul washed the dishes, but he didn't want to." "He
didn't want to" could be a sentence by itself; however, here it is connected to
the larger sentence.
Phrase
A phrase is sort of like a dependent clause. It is a group of words that cannot stand
alone as a sentence, but it can be used to add something to a sentence. There are a
few different types of phrases:

A noun phrase acts as a noun. For example, "the hungry cat" is a noun
phrase.

An adjective phrase modifies a noun. The child playing hopscotch was happy.

An adverb phrase begins with a preposition and acts as an adverb. "On a hot
day" from earlier is an example.

A prepositional phrase is made up of a preposition, its objects, and its

modifiers. The house on the corner was old.
Modifier
As you can see from above, there are many different types of ways to add additional
information to a sentence. All of these examples are known under the general
category of modifiers.

What is the business letter?

A business letter is usually a letter from one company to another, or between
such organizations and their customers, clients and other external parties. The
overall style of letter depends on the relationship between the parties concerned.
Business letters can have many types of contents, for example to request direct
information or action from another party, to order supplies from a supplier, to point
out a mistake by the letter's recipient, to reply directly to a request, to apologize for
a wrong, or to convey goodwill. A business letter is sometimes useful because it
produces a permanent written record, and may be taken more seriously by the
recipient than other forms of communication.
10 Types of Business Letters

The term business letters refers to any written communication that begins with a
salutation, ends with a signature and whose contents are professional in nature.
Historically, business letters were sent via postal mail or courier, although the
Internet is rapidly changing the way businesses communicate. There are many
standard types of business letters, and each of them has a specific focus.

Sales Letters
Typical sales letters start off with a very strong statement to capture the interest of
the reader. Since the purpose is to get the reader to do something, these letters
include strong calls to action, detail the benefit to the reader of taking the action
and include information to help the reader to act, such as including a telephone
number or website link.
Order Letters
Order letters are sent by consumers or businesses to a manufacturer, retailer or
wholesaler to order goods or services. These letters must contain specific
information such as model number, name of the product, the quantity desired and
expected price. Payment is sometimes included with the letter.
Complaint Letters
The words and tone you choose to use in a letter complaining to a business may be
the deciding factor on whether your complaint is satisfied. Be direct but tactful and
always use a professional tone if you want the company to listen to you.
Adjustment Letters
An adjustment letter is normally sent in response to a claim or complaint. If the
adjustment is in the customers favor, begin the letter with that news. If not, keep
your tone factual and let the customer know that you understand the complaint.
Inquiry Letters
Inquiry letters ask a question or elicit information from the recipient. When
composing this type of letter, keep it clear and succinct and list exactly what
information you need. Be sure to include your contact information so that it is easy
for the reader to respond.
Follow-Up Letter
Follow-up letters are usually sent after some type of initial communication. This
could be a sales department thanking a customer for an order, a businessman
reviewing the outcome of a meeting or a job seeker inquiring about the status of his

application. In many cases, these letters are a combination thank-you note and
sales letter.
Letters of Recommendation
Prospective employers often ask job applicants for letters of recommendation before
they hire them. This type of letter is usually from a previous employer or professor,
and it describes the senders relationship with and opinion of the job seeker.
Acknowledgment Letters
Acknowledgment letters act as simple receipts. Businesses send them to let others
know that they have received a prior communication, but action may or may not
have taken place.
Cover Letter
Cover letters usually accompany a package, report or other merchandise. They are
used to describe what is enclosed, why it is being sent and what the recipient
should do with it, if there is any action that needs to be taken. These types of letters
are generally very short and succinct.

Letters of Resignation
When an employee plans to leave his job, a letter of resignation is usually sent to
his immediate manager giving him notice and letting him know when the last day of
employment will be. In many cases, the employee also will detail his reason for
leaving the company.
What are the steps involve instructing in interview/research?
The structured interview process
The model presented in the figure below outlines the key activities that take place
before, during, and after the structured interview. Each of these activities
enhances the quality and legal defensibility of the obtained information. A brief
description of the three main interview stages is provided below to illustrate how
the proposed interview process unfolds. Sections two to five of this Guide provide
more detailed information on how this model can be applied in the appointment
process. The hiring manager, HR practitioner or others may carry out different
tasks in the interview process. The interview board may be asked to perform some
of these tasks before, during, and after the interview.
Before conducting interviews, a common understanding of the interview
board's role and the purpose and scope of the interview should be determined.
Issues such as the number of applicants to interview and where to position the
interview in the appointment process are also discussed.

Key documents that form the basis of the structured interview and ensure its
validity are then reviewed. These may include the job description, competency
profile, and merit criteria that can help to identify the task requirements and
qualifications needed to perform the job successfully. In this way, interview
questions that relate directly to job performance may be developed.
Creating booklets for note-taking and assessing the applicant is useful. A notetaking booklet includes descriptions of the qualifications to be assessed and the
questions that are linked to them. An assessment booklet is a form for rating
applicants against job- relevant qualifications. The questions and rating criteria are
the same for all candidates to ensure consistency of approach and comparability
of information and results. Sample Interview Note-taking Booklet and Assessment
Booklets, which can be tailored to an organization's specific appointment process,
are provided in Appendices A and B.
The next task is to attend to administrative matters such as providing information
to candidates prior to the interview, arranging for a location for interviews, inviting
applicants to the interview, and arranging assessment accommodations as
required. Before interviews are held, the interview board ensures it is wellprepared by undergoing training on skillful interviewing, as required, and by
reviewing all relevant steps involved in a structured interview.
During the interview, the board should provide a standard introduction to all
applicants, including an explanation of the format of the interview, the questions
to expect, and how the board will be recording responses. After asking an
interview question, the board may need to probe a person's answer for greater
detail or ask follow-up questions. This ensures that the board elicits as much
information as it needs to fully understand and assess the applicant's
qualifications. The board concludes the interview by thanking the person, outlining
the next steps in the appointment process, and providing the candidate a final
opportunity to ask any other questions.
After the interview, board members assess each person's performance against
the qualifications required to perform the work, by reviewing the interview
responses and reaching consensus on a single evaluation for each qualification
assessed. These interview results are then integrated with those of other
assessment tools, such as tests or reference checks, to reach a final assessment
for all applicants. The hiring manager then selects the person who is the "right fit"
for the job at hand. The Public Service Employment Act (PSEA) provides candidates
with the opportunity for an informal discussion to discuss the reasons why they
were not selected.
Once the appointment process is complete, the effectiveness of the
structured interview should be evaluated, especially if it is intended for future use.
By identifying the strengths and areas of improvement related to the interview
content and process, the structured interview will continue to meet the
organization's requirements.

What is the research?

Research comprises "creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to
increase the stock of knowledge, including knowledge of humans, culture and
society, and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new applications."[1] It is
used to establish or confirm facts, reaffirm the results of previous work, solve new
or existing problems, support theorems, or develop new theories. A research project
may also be an expansion on past work in the field. To test the validity of
instruments, procedures, or experiments, research may replicate elements of prior
projects, or the project as a whole. The primary purposes of basic research (as
opposed to applied research) are documentation, discovery, interpretation, or the
research and development (R&D) of methods and systems for the advancement of
human knowledge. Approaches to research depend on epistemologies, which vary
considerably both within and between humanities and sciences. There are several
forms of research: scientific, humanities, artistic, economic, social, business,
marketing, practitioner research, etc.

What are the characteristics of a good researcher?

1. A good researcher manifests thirst for new information.
A good researcher shows an open mind about things. He does not just take things
by themselves but explores new grounds. He adopts the philosophy of thinking

beyond the box, leaving out the conventional for something innovative. A good
researcher treads the unknown frontier.
Pieces of evidence of this thirst for new information manifest in people who do not
stop learning. Those persons who maintain an open mind for new possibilities to
happen, even when everything appears to have been discovered or studied, or
options exhausted.
Two hundred years ago, has anyone ever thought that man could go to the moon, or
explore the depths of the sea? Or tap on the keys of the cell phone to communicate
with another person so far away?
2. A good researcher has a keen sense of things around him.
Keenness is a quality developed through an observant attitude. A good researcher
sees something more out of a common occurrence around him. And he sees this
quickly.
He can see a wiggling worm inside a flower, or the beautiful color combinations of a
wild plant, or simply, notices the small fly in the burger.
Do you know which part of the vertically-oriented traffic light is green?
3. A good researcher likes to reflect or think about the things he encounters.
Researchers who pause and reflect on the knowledge that they gained, either
formally in school or through their experience, gain insights. Insights are creative
thoughts that make one nod his head and say, Aha, this is something I have been
looking for! An original idea was born.
4. A good researcher must be intelligent enough to express his ideas.
How can you express your thoughts if you cannot write? The point here is that a
good researcher must be adept in the written language.
How can people understand your point when you are the only one who can
understand what you have written?
Intelligence to express ideas is a quality that appears to reside in gifted individuals.
But if you recognize your weakness in this realm, why not seek someone who can?
After all, ideas are more important; but of course, better if you present them in such
in a way that others understand well what you want to say.
5. A good researcher applies a systematic approach in assessing situations.
Research requires systematic and objective thinking to arrive at something. Logical
reasoning, therefore, is applied by a good researcher.

He can analyze things, meaning, he can break down a complex situation into
manageable bits that he can focus his attention into (see article on conceptual
framework).
Do you have these qualities? If not, then its time for you to harness the hidden
talents in you through training and continuous learning.