NEED FOR EFFECTIVE INTEGRATION

India is a land of diversities. Indias diversity is observable even in topography,

landscape, soil and natural resources. In spite of such diversities there exists a fundamental unity.
It has its deep root in Indian soil, civilization and culture. While people speak with many
tongues, the words come from their individual hearts that feel the nobility of a common
civilization.
This underlying unity is the remarkable feature of Indian culture. This unity was
spontaneously revealed whenever its security was in danger. During the Chinese Pakistani
aggressions and during the recent Kargil war India stood united and people forgot their
differences of opinion. But all these feelings of unity are found to disappear as soon as the
calamity is over. Sons of the social policy for employment, dispute over sharing of water
between two neighboring state, dispute about a place of worship between two religion etc. Such
trends can only reiterated he need for creating a more favorable climate for the promotion of
National consciousness, solidarity and integration. Regional imbalance, social inequality and
inequality of educational and employment opportunities should be set right if we are to remain as
a united India. Hence the major problem today is one of the fundamental needs for the
preservation of freedom against external aggression and for the solution of our internal
problems.United we stand , divided we fall should be our motto here.

ROLE OF EDUCATION IN ACHIEVING NATIONAL INTEGRATION

According to Dr.S.Radhakrishnan National Integration cannot be built by brick and mortar or
with chisel and hammer. It has to grow silently in the minds and hearts of men. This process by
which it would be achieved is education.

Education has to take the responsibility for

inculcating a sense of national unity and foster a feeling of solidarity. A complete program me of
education catering to the above need is discussed below:
1. Curricular Programs
Our curriculum has laid emphasis on intellectual development and has neglected
emotional development. Emotional intelligence being reflected in new curriculum have
given an increased momentum to educational practice.Description of important festivals,
arts and literature of different parts of the country glimpses of our social and cultural

heritage etc. should find a prominent place in the curriculum.Map reading, scientific and
industrial developments achieved by India shouldbe presented in detail.India history with
stress on national features and characters should be taught in schools. The textbooks in
all the subjects of study should be recast and modified according to the requirement for
national unity.
2. Co- Curricular Activities
In order to foster attitude of tolerance, accommodation and responsibility towards
others among pupils opportunity for mixing with the people of diverse cultures should be
provided frequently. The activities like sing of National Anthem, display of educational
films, visit to different places, participation feast of other communities etc. will create a
rightful pride about our country. Symposium, debates, discussion on topics of secular
nature, reading noble books, articles relating to a natural integration etc. foster National
unity and integration of the country.
3. The Training in Democracy
India is largest in the world and is based on principles of equality, liberty and
fraternity. Our constitution guarantees these values irrespective of individuals caste
creed, economic and social status. Students should be trained the upload the values of
democracy to promote National Integration and democracy.
4. Training in Secularism
In order to maintain command as well as religious harmony people should be
trained secularism and values of tolerance harmony and brotherhood.
5. Role of teacher
Teacher should play a very significant role in developing among children
favorable attitudes towards nationalism. Unless teacher gets infused with the spirit of
democracy secularism and present models of behavior based on values of liberty,
equality and fraternity, they cannot motivate students and lead them to the desired goal.
No programme of National Integration can succeed without suitable teachers who are
above communalism parochialism and all partisan activities. Teachers should set models
to be emulated by students and think and act judiciously without any prejudice towards a
particular region, language or religion. They should create a class climate conductive to
the development of desirable attitudes and values.
In short, education is the only tool for bringing about a united nation because it
can make the growing youth realize that they are bound up with the nations destiny. It is
education which can make the individual have a feeling of common interest as well as

common goals and a feeling of belonging to the nation. That is why the Indian Education
Commission has laid down the development of national and emotional integration
among the people as one of the main objectives of the National system in education.

MEASURES RECOMMENDED BY DIFFERENT COMMITTEES

AND COMMISSIONS
The national integration conference(1961), the National Committee on Emotional
Integration headed by Dr. Sampurnanand (1962) and the Education Commission (1906)
have put forth their suggestions for realizing national and emotional integration.
1. Suggestions of the National Integration Conference (1961)
a. Education should develop in students national feeling and a sense of
belonging.
b. Through proper teaching of history among students a sense of Indianness
should be created.
c. Textbook should be written with a national rather than a regional perspective.
d. Days work should start with the singing of the National Anthem.
2. Suggestions of the National Committee on Emotional Integration (1962)
Special emphasis should be laid on the teaching social studies at all

levels.
All the beginning of the sessions students should be asked to take a

pledge of loyalty of India.

National Anthem should be sung daily in the school assembly.
National Days such as January 26, August 15, October 2 should be

celebrated on all schools.

Students tours from one state to another should be encouraged and

financed by the state.

To develop group consciousness there should be a common uniform for

school children.
Lectures on the importance of national unity and social solidarity should

be arranged from time to time in all schools.

3. Suggestions of Educational Commission (1966)
Introducing a common school system of public education.
Making social and national service and integral part of education.
Developing all modern Indian languages and enriching them as quickly

as possible.
Making education as effective tool for promoting national consciousness.

REFERENCE
Social Science Education, Textbook by Dr. Sivarajan.k