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the
dimensional
parameters
of
helical
gear
trains
Theoretical considerations
Compared
to
cylindrical
spur
gear
trains,
helical
gear
trains
have
the
following
advantages:
Lower
noise
and
leaner
functioning
Higher
gear
ratio
and
bearing
capacity
Use
of
helical
gear
trains
has
the
following
inconveniences:
Axial
thrust
loads
Radial-axial
bearings
must
be
used
When
using
helical
gears
more
teeth
are
in
contact
simultaneously
and,
as
a
result,
the
load
is
transferred
gradually
and
uniformly
as
successive
teeth
come
into
engagement.
These
gears
operate
smoother
and
can
carry
larger
loads
at
higher
speeds.
Also,
the
line
of
contact
extends
diagonally
across
the
face
of
mating
teeth.
For
helical
gear
trains
several
planes
can
be
defined:
a) Normal
plane
=
plane
perpendicular
to
tooth
direction
and
defined
on
the
pitch
cylinder
(or
on
the
operating
pitch
cylinder)
a. The
helical
rack
has
its
elements
standardized
in
the
section
normal
to
the
tooth,
section
which
is
the
same
as
the
reference
rack
(STAS
821);
b. The
module
is
standardized
in
the
normal
plane,
mn.
b) Frontal
plane
=
plane
perpendicular
to
the
gear
axis
a. The
tooth
has
an
involute
profile
in
this
plane.
c) Axial
plane
=
the
plane
containing
the
gear
train
axis
Lets
consider
a
general
use
gear
train
with
involute
teeth
flanks,
generated
by
a
standardized
tool
with
the
reference
profile
in
the
normal
plane
according
to
STAS
821:
n
han*
cn*
20
1
0,25
Value
[]
[-]
[-]
Not.
Designation
N1
Number
of
teeth
to
measure
over
N2
mn
CALCULATED
VALUES
Formula
.,1 =
* =
mt
a
t
wt
xns
yn
yn
.,1
*
+ 0,5
7
cos $ 180
()
* =
S =
EFGH IJ
KL(,, HMN O
P(,, QRN OL
TJ
FGH O
TJ P(,,
KL(,,
S = arctan
Operating
pressure
angle
(frontal
plane)
ZS = arccos
* =
TJ (P( -P, )
1FGH O
QRN IJ
$FGH I[
xn2
xt1
xt2
d1
d2
db1
db2
dw1
dw2
. + 1
* = *^ *
or
KL(,, DKf(,,
1TJ
*( = *, = 0
or
*(,, =
Profile
shift
coefficient
(frontal
plane)
$\
* = 2 $*
+ *
xn1
FGH O
1QRN IJ
TJ
tan $
$\ D$
= arcsin
*^ =
()
1,2 +1 D1
Reference
center
distance
Value
Kf(,,
1T
P(,,
1FGH O
$*
P(,,
FGH O
Base diameter
Operating
pitch
diameter
Z(,, = .,1
FGH I[
FGH I\[
Z(,, = S .,1
FGH I[
FGH I\[
Z(,, =
aw
Operating
center
distance
(calculated)
Z =
TJ
FGH O
.,1
K\( -K\,
1
FGH I[
FGH I\[
da1
da2
Outside
diameter
$(,, =
df1
df2
Root diameter
i(,, =
Whole depth
= 2 $*
+ * *
(*)
.,1 + 2 $*
+ *(,,
* cos
cos
.,1 2 $*
+ *
1,2
'(
',
(*)
cos
(*)
sin
cos
Conclusions
The
following
topics
must
be
covered:
ascertaining
of
the
defined
gear
train
planes,
helix
direction,
wear
of
teeth
flanks,
main
particularities
of
the
gear
train,
differences
between
the
measured
and
calculated
values
as
well
as
the
possible
reasons
for
their
occurrence.
Desfurarea
lucrrii
1. Se
numr
dinii
roilor
dinate
z1
i
z2
i
se
msoar
urmtoarele
elemente:
a. Distana
dintre
axe
b. Diametrele
cercurilor
de
cap
i
de
picior
ale
pinionului,
respectiv
ale
roii
c. Cotele
peste
N
i
N+1
dini
d. Limea
roilor
2. Se
determin
modulul
prin
una
din
metodele
prezentate
3. Se
calculeaz
distana
axial
de
referin
4. Se
stabilesc
coeficienii
deplasrilor
de
profil
x1
i
x2
i
a
scurtrii
specifice
a
nlimii
dinilor
y:
a. Dac
Z = ,
atunci
*^ = S. + S1 = *. + *1 = 0
i
* = 0
i. Dac
T
atunci
*^ = S. = S1 = *. = *1 = 0,
*^ = S^ ,
* = 0
ii. n
caz
contrar
S. = S1
,
*. = *1 ,
*^ = S^ = 0,
yn
=
0
i
se
determin
cu
relaiile
*(,,
Kf(,,
1T
P(,,
1FGH O
+ $*
+
*^
Simbol
b. Dac
Z ,
atunci
= *. + *1 0,
S^ = S. + S1 0,
S. S1 ,
*. *1
i
0
n
acest
caz,
se
vor
calcula:
Denumire
Relaia de calcul
Unghiul
de
angrenare
de
referin
n
plan
frontal
tan *
Z = arctan
cos
wt
inv S
Involuta
unghiului
de
angrenare
de
referin
inv ZS
Involuta
unghiului
de
angrenare
real
xns
Suma
coeficienilor
deplasrilor
de
profil
ZS = arccos
Valoare
cos S
Z
180
ZS
inv ZS = tan ZS
180
inv ZS inv S
*^ =
. + 1
2 tan *
inv S = tan S
Coeficientul
de
varianie
a
distanei
axiale
yn
yn
Scurtarea
specific
a
nlimii
dinilor
* =
xn2
Coeficienii
deplasrilor
de
profil
TJ
* = *^ *
sau
* = 2 $*
+ *
xn1
$\ D$
*(,, =
i(,,
2
$(,, i(,,
2 *
.,1
+ $*
+ *
2 cos
5. Cu
valorile
coeficienilor
deplasrilor
de
profil
i
a
scurtrii
specifice
a
nlimii
dinilor
se
calculeaz
elementele
geometrice
ale
angrenajului.
6. Valorile
obinute
se
trec
n
tabel.